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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The 
tot 


The  institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


D 


D 


D 


D 


0 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I   Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagie 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurAe  et/ou  pelliculAe 


I      I   Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manquu 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  giographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bieue  ou  noire) 


I      I   Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
ReliA  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serrie  peut  causer  do  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  ie  long  de  la  marge  intirieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appeer  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  so  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  ceia  Malt  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  it*  filmtes. 


L'institut  a  microfilm*  le  meiileur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  *t*  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sent  peut-6tre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite.  ou  qui  peuvent  exigar  une 
modification  dans  la  mithode  normale  de  fiimage 
sont  indiqute  ci-dessous. 


I     I   Coloured  pages/ 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagies 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restauries  et/ou  pelliculies 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxei 
Pages  dicolories,  tacheties  ou  piqudes 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d6tach6es 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Quality  inigale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materit 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplimentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


pn  Pages  damaged/ 

r~^  Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

r~7]  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

I     I  Pages  detached/ 

r~^  Showthrough/ 

r~1  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

r~n  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I — I  Only  edition  available/ 


Thi 
pos 
oft 

filnr 


Orii 
beg 
the 
sior 
oth 
firsi 
sloi 
ori 


D 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalament  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  filmies  A  nouveau  de  fapon  it 
obtenir  la  meilleure  imege  possible. 


Additionel  comments:/ 
Commentairas  supplAmentaires: 


Paginatk>n  as  followi  :  xil,  131. 11*]  -  '5,  Ml  ■  1144  p.  Some  fichei  may  film  out  of  focus. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  rMuction  indiqut  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

J 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The 
she 
TIN 
whi 

Mai 
diff 
ent( 
beg 
righ 
reqi 
met 


ails 

du 

idifier 

une 

fiage 


The  copy  filmed  here  hee  been  reproduced  thenke 
to  the  generoeity  of: 

Library  of  the  Pubiic 
Archives  of  Canada 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quailty 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  In  printed  peper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  --^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  y  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


L'exemplaire  filmA  fut  reproduit  grice  A  la 
gAn4roslt«  de: 

La  bibiiothique  des  Archives 
pubiiques  du  Canada 

Lea  images  suivantes  ont  tt6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grend  soln,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  at 
de  la  nettet*  de  I'exempieire  film*,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fiimage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  Imprimte  sont  filmte  en  commen^ant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'iilustretion,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
origineux  sont  filmto  en  commen^ant  par  la 
premlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
derniAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
ces:  le  symbols  -^  signifie  "A  SUiVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 


IMaps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  mey  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  retios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  Included  in  one  exposure  ere  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hend  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  fremes  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  hue 
fllmto  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diffirents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA,  11  est  film*  A  partir 
de  i'angle  supArleur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite. 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
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.  >    it.  • -*' 

CONTENTS 

.  -  ■  ,•    .  **  » 

I**      ....  * ,  .  '     \ 

,-,..,■""'■  '    ■  <»        ■ 

uma.    « 

I.  JOURNAIi  OF  NEW  NETHBRLAND,  1641— 1046, 1 

n.  DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  IjlEIHliRLAND;  By  BfT.  Lnao  JogoM^  S.  J., 

184(1, ....*.• M 

m.  INFORMATTDN  FOR  TASmG  UP  LAND  IN  NEW  NETHERLAND }  By 

-.,;  Secntaty  Van  Tienboreq,  1660, SS 

^i<;  ^ Mode  of  clearing  and  eoltivating  the  wild  land,  80;  of  the  building  of   .   ' 

,|^,         h^uea  at  fint,  31 ;  of  the  a»6umif  cattle  and  tlieir  ^<tefl,  32 ;  neoee- 
1^  sary  supplies  for  the  farmer,  33 ;  conditions  on  w^^  land  mi  at  ;||> 

flnt  granted,  35.  ,^  '  "  .     ^ 

IV.  .JOURNAL  OF  THE  SECOND  ESOPUS  WAR ;  By  Oapt  Sregier|^l«6S,. . .      IT 

.   V.  BREEDEJ^RAEDT;  Extracto  from  the,  1649, M 

YI.  DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND ;  f-rom  ModUumis,  1671, 11| 

Disooveryof  New  Netherland,  116;  Riven,  ib.{  Trees  and  Vides,  116;      ^:^^ 
Fruits  and  SOnes,  117;  Animals,  118;  Biidii  122;  Fishes,  123;  '  ^ 

Rattlesnakes,  ib.;  Native  tribes,  124;  Thiibr  doihii^^d  bouses, 
126;  their  manners  and  customs,  126;  thelt  kngnage,  money  and 
nature,  128;  Weapons,  laws,  ocnrndBi^  129;  Religion  and^Ugf,  ISO; 
Colonisation  of  the  country,  j|31.  ^ 

First  Emigrants  to  New  Netherland  from  BandarUus, • 188 

Vn.  TRIAL  FOR  y^TCHCRAFT,  In  New-York,  1665* 18& 

Vm.  ASSESSMENT  ROLLS  OF  THE  FIV|B  DUTOB  TOWNS  ON  L.  I.,  1676,    ISt 
^ .  ^  Of  Bushwiok,  141 ;  of  Bi«ukeleB,  144 ;  of  Flithnsh,  160 ;  of  Flatlandi, 

*^-  155;  of  N.  Utrecht,  158. 

•  EC.  STATE  OF  THE  PROViwa!  OF  NEW-YORK,  IN  1738, , ley* 

Qneriev  relating  to  His  Mi^esty's  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  165;  Cadwallader 

jColden's  Observations  xm  the  Soil,  Climate,  Water  Communications, 

"  Ac,  of  New-York,  169;  Lt.  Oov.  Clark's  answer  to  the  queries  of 

,   ^  J|,  the  Board  of  Trade,  180;  Return  showing  the  commwBe  of  the  Port  ' 

4-  of  New-York  in  1738, 182 ;  Population  returns  of  each  county  in  the 

P'rovinoe,  184;  Names  of  the  heads  of  families  in  Flatbush,  188;  in     . 
^  Flatlands,  191;  in  Brooklyn,  195;  in  Bushwyok,  198;  in  Suffolk 

,  county,  200;  Names  of  the  officers  and  privates  in  the  several  oom- 

^,.      ;    .^        panics  of  Militia  in  the  Province,  203;  Indian  of  New- York  and 

Canada,  240.                                             ,-       ,.t,  .tf  • 

X.  REASONS  IN  SUPPORT  OF  TRIENNIAL  ELBOTIONS  IN  THE  PROV-  j^'  ^ 

INOB  OF  NBW-YORK, , * ...*   |||  ^, 


'.  . '  iff 


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lill 


fir  CiONTEMTS. 

tun. 

H.  JOUBITAL  OF  SIK  WM.  JOHVSffR'S  800UTS>  1766,.  1760, ; S67 

in.  PAPEHSRBLATma  TO  THE  SIX  NATIONS, S89 

A  liat  of  early  Miiaionuica  among  the  Iroquoii, « MS 

1756.  Jan.  18.  Rer.  J.  0.  Hailwiok  to  Sir  TVin.  Johuon;  with  aprojcot  for 

better  peopling  and  governiug  America}... 294 

16.  Addrea  of  Ber.  J.  0.  Hartwlok  to  the  Mohawki, 390 

Propoied  Addreai  of  the  Seve  i  N^tiona  to  the  king  in  favor  tf 

Hot.  J,  0.  Havtiriok,.., «....    398 

i     May  14.  Bev.  Mr.  Ogilrls  of  Albany,  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon;  neceirity 
rf  forta  among  the  Indiam;  Waehingtonmrroanded;  Pa- 

troon's  millibnmt, t '  801 

1761.  Hanh  1.  Sir  Wm.  Johnion  to  Rot.  Jean  B.  Bobaolt,  endodng  bim  ten 
^  ponnds  and  reqneating  him  to  ore  bia  influence  with  the 

'^-      *  Abenakes  of  his  flook, 808 

27.  Bey.  Mr.  Brown  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  apologising  for  not 

being  able  to  go  to  Fort  Hunter...... 804 

IfoT.  17.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Bot.  Dr.  Wheelodc;  Kirtland  learning 

the  Indian  language ;  Joseph  Brant's  education  oomaeneed,    80f 
1768.  Feb.    8.  Bev.  Mr.  Oel  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  oannot  consent  to  the  Bos- 
tonien)  introducing  their  PresbTterian  churoh  among  the 

Indiaosi 807 

*         Hanh  7.  €to.  Amherst  to  Col.  Bntdstreei;  first  Presbyterian  church  in 

^'  Albany,* 309 

13.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Ber.  Mr.  Barclay ;  respecting  Mr.  Bennet,    ib. 
ApD  6.  Ber.  Dayid  Zeisberger  to  Mr.  Peters  relative  to  \^  Journey  to 

*  Wyondng, 819 

*'  °  ,     }0.  Bdw.  Johnson,  teMher  at  Tnsoarora,  to  SirWm.  Johnaon, 

*'  '  with  a  report  of  bis  progress  among  the  Indians, ib. 

Isaac,  a  Tuaearora  Indian,  and  bia  wife,  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon,    812 
Aug.  SO.  Bev.  Dr.  WheelodI  to  Sir  Wm«  Johnaon  relative  to  moving  bia 

Indim  school  Aram  Lebanon, 813 

SspL*  8.  The  aame  to  the  same ;  obtains  a  portion  of  Sir  Peter  Warren'a 

legacy;  the  Boston  Society desirea  to  set  up  English  schools 

^  tinong  the  Indians;  Dr.  W.  wishes  to  remove  to  the  Mo- 

4k     .  bawk  oountiy, , 814 

Sar.  Dr.  Ponuoy  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  In  fiavor  of  Dr.  Whee- 

Iodk*a  aohpol,  (encloaing),.. 81b 

^  Jdy  19.  jUaitei  fh>m  the  clergy  of  divers  dimehes  in  New  England, 

\'  •   "],    tecommending  Dr.  Wheelock's  achool  to  tl^  patronage  of 

fhepnblio, 317 

Oel.    M.  Sir  Wm.  J^naon  to  Dr.  Pomn^y,  in  favjjr  of  Dr.  Wbeelook'a 

qualificattimai 820 

The  same  to  Dr.  Wheelock ;  is  opposed  to  local  schools  an«ng 

the  Indians, ib. 

The  same  to  Bev.  Dr.  Banday,  respecting  a  new  Indian 

prayer-book, 321 

1788.  Jan.  20.  Dr.  Wheelock  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  some  account  of  Mr. 

C.  Jeffery  Smith,  and  the  Lebanon  school;  Brant,  (with,)    32S 
^  ^.      18.  0.  Jefei^  Smith  to  Sir  W.  Johnson;  piopoaea  vintiug  the 
"' >>V       .,  ^oiiAwkoonntiyaaa  miadonary;  mnchattaobedtoBnatf    886 


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VMI. 

7M.  Afll  S.  Htr.  We^itea,  trtintar,  l»  Dr.  Buolajr,  MnoutilBg  th«  Ibaillk 

pnyer-book, SIB 

^-   ■■   ■       S.  Dr.  WhMloek  toQen'l  Ainh«nt{  ukifbr  foiirtownaU|M  on 

^-  fh«««itild«orthe8iuqae^iuna!h  forhliiehool, 928 

M.  SirWm.  JohiiaontoDr.Btfdiykboutthtliidiuipnyer-book,    8S0 
M»]r  16.  Dr.  WhMloek  to  Sir  Wm.  JoImMn  ftbont  Mr.  Smith  ud  Biut,    lb. 
S8.  0«n>l  AmhetBt  to  Dr.  WhMlook,  tlMau  him  to  ftpply  to  the 

king, 182 

*A«g.  8.  Dr.  BttOlaiy  to  BeT.  8.  JohUonj  the  Boston  oommiwloi^^ 
offer)   Mr.  B«nn(5t  MtetiUit  to  the  Moh»wke{   Pklmer; 

.       VtiaAtnttb,.,.....: I lb. 

Oet.  SO.  Mr.  WejUiluii  to  Dr.  BaioUy  abont  the  Indian  prayer'book, . .  ^8M 

Deo.  l9.  Bev.  Mr.  tsp^nt  to  Six  Wm.  Johneonj  requiring  aid, 4^ 

" '  [No  diite.]  Rer.  Mr.  Boband  to  the  Nme)  hopes  the  English  will  retain 

Canada»&e., « 8M 

1704.  Mar.  22.  'tht  sdibolttaster  at  Oani^hary  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  the 
Indiana  wlU  not  anow  the  ohildren  to  be  chastised, SW 

Sept.  17.  Mr.  Weyman  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  { Indian  prayer-book  { death 

"'  of  Dr.  Barclay, S40 

J^  •//      Oet.   24.  Dr.  Wheelocktotheiame;  Klrtland;  Woolley, 841 

^      tfoT.  27.  Mr.  Weyman  to  the  same;  the  Indian  prayer-book, 848 

Dee.  10.  Cironlar  of  the  N*  7>  iSoe.  for  promotion  of  the  art^ 144 

1705.  Jan.    4.  Sir  Wm.  Johnsota's  answer  to  the  foregdng  obeular, • . .  840 

'"■     (No  date.]  lEteT.  Mr.  !Broii^  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  proposes  visiting  the 

Mohawk  eistie,... 847 

Feb.  ii.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  tjte  Sodety  for  promoting  this  arts;  sab-      ^ 
'y  scribes  and  gives  an  acoonnt  of  the  state  of  AgriAoltare  In  the 

MohKwk  oountiy, 8tt 

Mtt.  is.  Dr.  Whi^Blook  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  thanking  him  for  his  favor 

toEortlaad;  ireports  the  gbgiess  of  his  school, 850 

April  29.  Dr.  Wheelock's  address  to  the  sachems  of  this  Six  Nations,. . .    852 
The  saihe  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  ^ving  an  acooont  of  proposed 

new  Miflrions  among  the  Indians,....  A  ..M 350 

Jittt  17.  BeT.  S.  EirOaDd  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  gtriqg  his  experience 

at  Canadesage, 868 

Oct.    21.  Dr.  Wheelock  to  the  same ;  with  the  thanks  of  the  Conneeti- 

ont  Board  of  Missions, 800 

Nor.    7.  BirHlfm.  Johnson  to  Ber.  Thos.  Barton}  eoosents  to  become  a 

member  of  the  Society  for  Prop.  theGoqpel, lb. 

Dee.  30.  Ohwohitaidens  of  Schenectady  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  lAvlting  ^ 

hlmtobea  trostee, Ut 


"Mf- 


\^' 


'^'    1700.  Teb.    18.  BiBv.  8.  KirUaiid  to  the  same;  ii||jth  an  aoconnt  of  affairs  at 

Canadesage, .,».*...   lb. 


mz 


a^ 


Mar.  25.  Mr.  Weyman  to  the  same;  Bev.  Mr.  Ogilvle  will  snporbtead 

"  the  Indian  prayer-book,....* 804 

Way.        V.  Dow,  Mayor  of  Albany,  to  Dr.  Whedoek  in  favor  of  his 

efforts  for  ohristiaidibig  the  Indians, lb. 

Joly    4.  Dr.  Wheelock  to  Sir  Wnu  Johnson  Introdndng  other  Mis- 

rfontries,  fto., '. r '^ 

Sept.  18.  tUiT.  Utr.  Brown  to  the  same;  prapoM  a  visit  to  tha  Indians,    808 


,  M  m 


V    > 


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B. 


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Dm. 

4. 

29. 

i7«r. 

Ju. 

80. 

Msjr 

29. 

17«B. 

Jut. 

8. 

T«b. 

• 

1. 

Mu. 

21. 

April 

8. 

^'' 

•  ■ 

Aof . 

5. 

OOMTENTI. 

ttam 

ITM.  Ool.    10.  Bar.  Mr.  Oh«nb«rIi4B  to  Bar.  Mr.  Biowa,  «omphdniag  of' 
Ua  ra-bftptUing  children  already  bapUied  by  the  Preiby- 

^       teriuu, 868 

Chnrohwardens  of  SeheneeUdy  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnioii, 871 

Rer.  Mr.  Ohafttberlain  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon  explanatory  of 

'hie  motivea  for  oomplaining  of  Mr.  Brown'i  proceeding,  •  •  • .  ib. 
Rer.  Mr.  Brown  to  the  lame;  ohnroh  at  Great  BarriDgton*. .  878 
Ber.  Mr.  Hanna  to  the  lame;  ia  about  to  practice  law  at 

Schenectady, .*.....     ib 

Mr.  Arbo,  aeoretary  to  the  MoiaTiaoai  to  the  lame,  praying  hia 

protection, 874 

Ber.  Dr.  Barton,  Sec.  of  Society  for  Propagating  the  Goapel, 
to  the  aame;  enquiring  what  would  be  the  proper  allowance 

for  a  miaaionary  among  the  Indiana, 876 

Corporation  of  Albany  to  Dr.  Wheelock,  enoouiaging  him  to 

remove  hia  aohool  to  the  vicinity  of  their  dty, 877 

Dr.  Wheelock  to  the  corporation  of  Albany;  ia  Invited  to 

eatabliah  hia  aohool  elaewhere, 879 

Bev.  Mrc  Barton  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon;  atate  of  affidra  on  the 

Pennaylvania  frontier, 881 

Mr.  J.  W.  Brown  to  the  aame;  inviting  Bev.  Mr.  Murray  to 
thechurohatSoheneotady;  Preabyteriana  anzioua  for  Mr. 

Bay, 88S 

26.  Hugh  Gaine  to  the  aame ;  giving  an  acoonnt  of  the  atate  of  the 

Indian  .prayer-book, 384 

8.  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon  to  Hugh  Gaine ;  on  the  aame  aubjeot, 886 

17.  Hugh  Gaine  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  aame  anbject  continued, ....     ib. 
10.  Mr.  J.  W.  Brown  to  the  aame  about  the  Schenectady  church,    887 

16.  Memorial  of  Dr.  Wheolook  to  the  oommiirionera  at  the  treaty 
of  FortStanwif, 888 

17.  Caveat  of  two  New  England  Miarionariea  againat  the  treaty  at 
Fort  Stanwix, 800 

Fanon  Johnaon  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  ia  a  friend  to  the  Indiana,    891 
22.  The  aame  to  the  commianioneia  defining  hia  allegiance, 892 

80.  The  aame  to  the  same;  bopea  a  door  will  be  kept  open  for  the 
propagation  of  the  gcapel  among  the  Indiana, 894 

81.  Speech  intended  to  be  delivered  by  Paraon  Johnaon  to  the 
Indiana  at  Fort  Stanwix, 806 

Hugh  Gaine  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  the  Indian  prayer-book, . .    896 
Sir  Wm.  Johnaon  to  Gen'I  Gage;  intrignea  of  the  New  Eng- 
land Miasionariea  at  the  treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix, 807 

Dr.  Shnckburgh  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  Indian  prayer-book, . .    808 
Mr.  J.  "W.  Brown  to  the  aame;  progreaa  of  the  Church  at 

Schenectady, , 399 

Sir  Wm.  Johnaon  to  Bev.  Dr.  Smith;  thanka  him  for  the  car* 
of  hie  aon,  and  for  hb  election  aa  member  of  the  Philoaophi- 

cal  Society,  .... 401 

24.  Joaeph  Chew  Eaq.,  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon;  Connecticut  Aaaem- 
bly  applied  to  for  a  deed  of  the  Snaqnehanna  landa ;  dinent- 
ingmiirionarieB  excluded  f^om  the  lBdlaBeoaBtiy> 40t 


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17M.  Ju.  SS.  Sir  Wm.  Johnwm  to  Bar.  Dr.  Anehmutyt  th«  «lNtioB{  fooi- 

ing  of  the  Ohuroh  of  Englud  In  the  ProTinoa, 40S 

Vfb.    3.  Hugh  Gaine  to  Sir  W.  Johmon ;  Indian  pmyor-book  oomplttod,  406 

36.  OhonhwudeuofSoheneetMly  tothe wme;  (tJh^hag,)  ....  496 
Jaa.  81.  Letter  firom  Her.  lir.  litunj,  deelining  the  Ohnroh  at  f 

Soheneotadji 409 

Mar.  17.  Paw  to  Meam.  Danforth  and  Willard  to  obeorre  tiauit  of 

Venoa, 407 

•  April    8.  John  Band  to  JRot.  Dr.  Anohmuty,  ia  willing  to  aoeept  the 

aohool  at  •fohnatown, 408 

13.  Her.  Hany  Monro  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon;  propoaea  to  viait  the 

Indiana, .' 40t 

33.  Hagh  Gaine  to  the  aamej  Indian  prayer-book, 411 

80.  Jamea  Adair  to  the  aame;  origin  of  the  N.  A.  Indiana, 413 

[Ko  date.]  Same  to  the  aame ;  hia  work  patroniied  in  New-York| 413 

~''  May  10.  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon  to  Mr.  Adair,  forwarding  auhaoriptiona  to 

,i                  hia  work  on  the  Indiana, 416 

tiist  of  aoholara  at  the  Free  aohool  at  Johnatown,. 410 

Aug.  28.  List  of  aoholara  at  the  Mohawk  achojj^  Tort  Hunter, 417 

81.  Hugh  Gaine  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  Indian  prayer-book, ib. 

Nor.    9.  Jamea  Adair  to  the  aame;  regarding  hia  piogreaa  in  obtaining 

auhaoriptiona  to  hia  work  on  the  Indiana, 418 

10.  Geo.  Croghan  to  the  aame}  introducing  Rev.  Mr.  Andrewa,. .  419 
18.  Secretary  Banyar  to  the  aame ;  on  the  aame  aul(jeot, 421 

Dee.  10.  Mr.  Andrewa  to  the  same;  propoaiag  that  Epiacopal  dergy  be 

introduced  from  Ireland  into  New  Tork, ib. 

28.  Same  to  the  same ;  retuma  to  Ireland, 438 

11.  BoT.  Dr.  Auchmuty  to  the  same ;  intndncing  Ber  Mr.  Forbear  ib« 
20.  Same  to  the  aame;  on  the  principleaof  a  true  ohurdtwui; 

American  Epiaeopate ;  Oonvention  of  the  clergy, 434 

37.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Ber.  Dr.  Auchmuty ;  in  answer, 4Sf 

Same  to  Bev.  Mr.  laglia;  nombera  of  the  Six  Nationa  «f 

Indians ;  Dr.  Wheelook's  success ;  Ber.  Mr.  Stuart ;  Mr.  Hall,  ib. 
1771.  F«b.  28.  Same  to  Dr.  Arthur  Lee;  ouatoma,  manners  and  languagea  ot 

-      ]"                    the  Indiana, -.»• 430 

Same  to  Ber.  Mr.  Barton;  atate  of  religion, 438 

. , . .   Mar. •   1.  Same  to  Ber.  Meiijli.  Cooper  and  Inglia;  Ber.  Mr.  Griffith 

.q«ndr,i^           inrited  to  Schenectady, 440 

37.  Same  to  Ber.  Charles  Inglia;  the  dissenters  not  to  be  diso- 
bliged; religiona  wants  of  the  Indians;  Lutheran  miniater  at  ^ 

Stonearabia  desirous  to  conform, 441 

Apr^  4.  Same  to  Ber.  Dr.  Auchmuty;  Mr.  Stuart;  Mr.  Andrewa;  the 

Lutheran  minister  at  Stonearabia, 444 

May   4.    Same  to  the  same  eonoeming  Ber.  Mr.  Hanna,  (encloaing,) . .  446 

Ber.  Mr.  Hanna'a  testimonials, < 447 

Jane  11.  Ber.  Dr.  Auchmuty  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  the  Lntheran.min- 

ister;  Mr.  Hanna;  American  Bishop, •«* 449 

25.  B«r.  Harry  Munro  to  the  same ;  Biant ;  state  of  the  Oh.  ati^Alb.,  462 
July    4.  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon  to  Ber.  Mr.  Inglia  «^  hia  tamttoM  for 

ehriltiaoising  t^e  Indiana, •  *  468 


1770. 


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Jan. 
May 


Nor. 


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Utr? 


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* 

Itn.  Jdj    4.  Suit  to  Rtr.  Dr.  Aaehmatjt  OD  tlwitato  of  nllgioni  tho 

Lathtnui  mlnbtor,  io.* 4Aft 

A«|g|i|l>  R«7.  Mr.  Jnglii  to  Sir  Wm.  Johuoni  on  tha  m«morial  to.,. .    467 
Voto  of  thanki  from  the  OommiHionm  for  Pn>pftg»tlog  tho 

#  Ooopel  in  New  England  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon, 480 

tt.  Sir  Wm.  Johneon  (o  Rer.  Mr.  Kirtluid,  requiring  of  him  tho 

■nl^eet  of  hie  letter  to  tho  Boiton  oommiNloneri, lb. 

Sept.  10.  Suieto  Rer.  Mr.  Inglie  on  the  memorial, Ml 

31.  Rot.  Ohu.  Inglie  to  Sir  Wm.   Johnion  ;    on  the  wme 

raldeet, * 402 

ft.  Sir  Wm.  Johnion  to  Rer.  Mr.  Inglii;  on  the  nme  rabjeot,..    4M 
Rev.  Mr.  Andrewi  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  grunmftr  lohool  in 

Seheneetedy, 400 

Oet.   38.  Rer.  Mr.  Inglii  to  the  Mune  {  on  the  memorial, 407 

Nor.    5.  Rer.  Mr.  Andrewi  to  the  Hune;  openi  an  aoademj, 470 

18.  Sir  Wm.  Johnion  to  Rev.  Mr.  Andrewi ;  in  aniwer, 471 

1773.  Jm.  37.  Seme  to  Rer.  Oluu.  Inglii ;  on  the  fund  for  rapport  of  ladies 

whoie  huihandi  or  relatirei  hare  lerred  the  atate, 473 

May  18.  John  CoMgrare  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  with  raggestions  for  tho 

improrement  of  the  ohuroh  and  school,  ..  > 478 

Jnne  36.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Rer.  Mr.  Andrewi;  expeets  a  missionary 

for  the  church  at  Johnstown, 471 

July  30.  Rer.  Mr.  Hanna  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  reeeiree  orders  in  tho 

Church  of  England, 470 

38.  Rer.  Mr.  Andrews  to  the  same;  offering  to  ofidate  occasion- 

ally  at  Johnstown, 480 

Oil.     3.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  the  Rer.  Dr.  Burton;  abont  Rer.  Mr. 

'"'^^  Moeeley, 481 

,'  W '        lb.  Letters  of  ordination  of  Rer.  Darid  Jones, 483 

;Kor.  13.  Rer.  Harry  Mnnro  to  Pit  Wm.  Johnson^;  state  of  the  church 

inAlbany, '. 484 

1778.  Mar.  13.  Rer.  Matthew  Chrares  to  the  same;  Mr.  Moeeley;  Vtm- 

gansett  ohnieh, 480 

Aug.  11.  Col.  Henry  Baboock  to  Rer.  Dr.  Cooper;  on  establishing  an 

academy  in  the  Indian  oountry, 487 

10.  Rer.  Mr.  Andrews  toSirWm.  Johnson;  resigns  the  Schen- 

ectady church  to  Mr.  Doty, .' 498 

JSept.  17.  Same  to  the  same;  reception  in  Virginia;  wishes  to  be  ap- 
pointed to  Johnstown, 400 

^  l^or.  19.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Col.  Baboock,  with  his  opinion  on  the 

proposed  Indian  «eademy, 497 

Deo.  38.  Col.    Babcock    to    Sir    WiSt  Johnson  ;    on  the    Indian 

seminary, - 498 

1774.  March  8.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Rer.  Dr.  ffind;  state  of  tho  ehurefa  on 

•  tboMohawk, 600 

31.  Churchwardens  of  Schenectady  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson, .  • 60S 

Apifl  1.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  the  ohnrohwardens  of  Schenectady, 60S 

11 .  Rer.  BIr.  Moeeley  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  thanking  him  for  bis 

past  kindness, 604 

Menudr  of  the  Bar.  Dr.  Stoart,  missiooaiy  *t  Fort  Hontsri    606  ■■' 


Xm.  PAPB 


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1749.  Nor 


1741.  Jttii 
1760.  Apii 


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Sept 

ItOl.  Oit. 

Oet. 
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Dee. 
1761.  Mar. 


t^   1768.  Kor. 

1760.  Sept. 
1701.  Mar. 

1^    / 


'fl 


OOMTKMTI*  ,  Is      I 

Xm.  PAPBU  RBLATINO  TO  THB  BRBOTION  OV  lOBT  STABWIZ, 

\  AiiMlTM, 531 

ZIV.  PAPBB8  RBLATINO  TO  THB  DIVFI0ULTIB8  BBTWttM  NBW- 

YORK  AND  NBW  HAMPSHIRB, «. 6M 

1749.  Not.  17.  Qor,  Wtntwvrth  of  N.  HMnpihln,  to  Got.  Clinton  of  Now*         I 
York,  MtTlring  him  tlwt  he  if  ftbout  to  m»lie  gnnta  watt 
of  the  Oonneotiont  liTor,  Mid  enquiring  how  far  north  moA 

•Ht  the  proTinoe  of  New-Yorli  extendi,  (enoloiing,) 581 

>'      1741.  Jolj    &.  Extmet  of  Got.  Wentworth'i  oommiaion  letting  forth  the 

boandiof  New  Hampehlre, AM 

•3      1750.  April  25.  Got.  Wentworth  to  Got.  Clinton  noknowledging  reoeipt  of  the 

minntet  of  oonnoil  to  the  effect  that  the  RiTer  Oonneotlont 

oempriaea  the  eaet  bonndi  of  New-York ;  hM  howerer  ianed 

%.  letten  patent  for  the  towmhip  of  Bennington  twentj-foor 

mileeeaetof  Albany, 58t 

JoM  6.  Got.  Clinton  to  Qor.  Wentworth;  explanatory  of  the  weit 

bonndi  Of  Conneotioat  and  MaMaohnietls  ;  The  land  in 

hii  ,  Bennington   hai  been  already  granted   by   New -York; 

la  inrpiiMd  that  he  waa  in  tnoh  a  hurry  in  pairing  that 

patent, 684 

«*j "'  J«IM  SI.  Got.  Wentworth  to  Got.  Clinton,  ii  not  diipoaed  to  hare  any 

dispute  with  New- York;  propoiei  a  referenoe  of  the  matter 

toEngland, 585 

ialy  S5.  Got.  Clinton  to  Got.  Wentworth;  aeeepti  the  referenda,  pro- 

poiM  to  exehango  repnaentationa  with  New  Hampihire,  • .  • .    581 
Sept.  S.  Got.  Wentworth  to  Got.  Clinton  ;aeoepta  the  ofTer  to  exchange, 
'ii^'  and  promiaea  to  eommunioate  a  eopy  of  hia  reprcMatation 

when  perfect, ii  .887 

1751.  Oat.  Report  of  the  Attorney-General  of  New- York  on  the  cue  be- 

tween the  latter  proTinee  and  New  Hampihire  reipeoting 

.t>  tiieir  boQDdaiy, 587 

Oat.    14.  Oadwallader  Colden'i  obaerrationa  on  the  Attomey-General'i 

report, : 54«     * 

list'  Aug.  14.  Bxtract  from  the  report  of  the  Attorney  and  Solidtor-Cteneral 
i^y  on  the  itato  of  the  caae  with  respect  to  certain  townihips  in 

NowEngland, 547 

Dee.  23.  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Trade  to  the  agent  for  the  ProTinoe 

of  New- York,  (endoaing,) 548 

1751.  Mar.  28.  Extract  of  a  letter  from  Benning  Wentworth,  gorenor  of 

New  Hampshire,  to  the  board  of  trade,  containing  his  pro-  # 

poeal  that  the  line  of  New  Hampshire  ran  as  flar  west  as  that 

of  Massaohusetls, ib. 

1758.  Not.  14.  Report  of  the  eommitteo  of  the  ProTinolal  Council  and  the 

eommiirionera  on  the  eastern  boundary  of  New-York,  la 
answer  to  Got.  Wentworth's  letter  to  the  board»of  trade, . . .    550 

1759.  Sept.  81.  Proclamation  of  the  Lieut.  Governor  of  New-York  for  finniqg 

settlements  between  Fort  Edward  and  Lake  George, 550 

1781.  Mar.  15.  Affidavit  of  Alex.  McLean  to  the  effect  that  New  Hampehiro 
is  laying  out  lands  at  Crown  Pdnt  and  on  the  east  of  Lake 
.4i     .   ,.,54»^  €hamplatn, 557 


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J«  X  CONTENTS. 

1768.  I  ~c.  'in.  Proclamation  of  Lieut.  Got.  Colden,  aiaerUog  the  Conneo- 

tiottt  River  to  be  the  east  boundf  of  the  FroT.  of  New-Tork,    568 
1704.  Jan.    20.  Lt.  Got.  Golden  to  the  Board  of  Trade  reTiewing  the  dispute 
^  betweeen  New  York  and  New  Hampshire,  and  sustaining 

.  the  claim  of  the  former  to  the  territory  in  question, 560 

Feb.     8.  The  same  to  the  same  ;  remonstrating  further  against  the 

most  surprizing  and  extravagant  encroachments  of  New 

Hampshire,  which  has  already  granted  160  townships  west 

of  the  Connecticut  River;  encloses  copy  of  his  proclamation,    667 

Mar.  13.  Counter  proclamation  of  Got.  Wentworth  in  vindication  of  the 

New  Hampshire  grants, 670 

April  12.  Lt.  Got.  Colden  to  the  Board  of  trade,  enclosing  copy  of  Got. 
Wentworth's  proclamation  whose  grants  are  hawking  around 
New  Jersey,  &c.,  at  low  rates  for  the  purposes  of  raising 
money,  asks  for  a  speedy  decision,  as  he  wishes  to  settle  the 

discharged  soldiers  in  the  Ticinity  of  Lake  Champlain, 672 

July  20.  Order  of  the  king  in  council  declaring  the  Connecticut  river  the 

boundary  between  New- York  and  New  Hampshire, 574 

Aug.  Sheriff  Schuyler  to  Lt.  Got.  Coldfn;  the  New  Hampshire 
people  have  ejected  several  farmers  in  Hoosick  out  of  pos- 
session of  their  lands ;  some  of  the  af;gTessors  arrested, 575 

Sept.   4.  Minute  of  council;  Got.  Wentworth  complains  of  the  arrest  of 

sundry  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Pownal  by  the  sheriff  of 

«  Albany,  and  rignifies  his  disposition  to  submit  the  question 

of  jurisdiction  to  the  lung;  theLt.  GoTcmor  of  New- York 

adTised  to  decline  interfering  in  the  matter,  as  the  question 

is  already  before  his  Majesty, 576 

1706.  May  22.  Order  of  the  government  of  New- York  in  favor  of  the  occu- 
pants under  New  Hampshire  who  settled  before  this  date,  .¥    677 
'   ^        3et.     0.  Petition  praying  tiiat  the  northern  part  of  the  Province  be 

diTided  into  fiTe  counties, 578 

I  16.  Another  praying  for  the  erection  of  a  new  county  on  the  Con- 

^  necticut  riTcr, 680 

22.  Another  on  the  ^me  subject, 681 

Report  of  the  Coancil  of  New- York  on  the  preceding  petitions,    588 
Deo.  18.  Return  of  the  names  of  the  seTeral  persons  living  in  the 
townships  of  Pownal,  Bennington.  Shaftsbuiy,  Arlington, 

Sunderland,  Manchester,  Droper  and  Banbey, 584 

1766.  Jut    20i  Thomas  Chandler  to  Got.  Moore,  with  a  return  of  the  number 

of  men  in  his  and  Cci.  Bayley's  districts  fit  to  bear  arms, ...    586 
June    t.  Order  of  the  Gotremor  and  Council  of  New- York  that  the 
claimants  nnd  >r  New  Hampshire  sue  out  their  grants  by  a 

limited  time, £87 

f         July   II.  Ordinance  cgtabli8l^ing  courts  in  the  county  of  Cumberland  in 

^       the  Province  of  New-York.  (Title  only  given.) ib. 

Nomination  of  the  civil  oflBoers  for  said  county,' 688 

1T6T»  Feb.  12.  Order  of  the  Gov.  and  Council  of  New-York  suspending  all 
proceedings  on  petitions  for  land  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Oonneoticnt  river  already  granted  by  New  Hampshire,  nntU 
T  j.r  • one  or  wore  of  the  proprietors  of  such  towBshipe  appear, ....     lb. 


.%»• 


1767.  Apia 


^tft    ... 


raa 


July 


->.■:  '• 


1768.  April 

1769.  Aug. 

^i      Sept. 

«'ft 

Oct. 

,9,;  ..,  -..-., 

•i 

Dfl«. 


1770.  Jan. 


^1 


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h  • 


■h  •>■ 


F^b. 


Jan. 


1760. 
1770. 

Not. 
Deo. 
Feb. 

Mar. 
July 

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.:> 

?. 

Aug. 

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iiv 


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176r.  April  U. 

tr 

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«. 

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^       June   9. 

rfls 

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, 

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•    .-i. 

1768.  April  7. 

1789.  Ang.  10. 

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■     *^      ■        ^ 

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, 

i 

y        Sept.  14. 

■H-      .. 

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■m 


Oot.   19. 


Dm.  12. 


1770.  Jam.     4. 


Vph.    10. 


•-'? 


,       Jan.  1. 

1769.  Nov.  15. 
Deo.  SO. 

1770.  Feb.  28. 

;       Mar.  , 

•»       July  19. 

r 

^      Aug.  9. 


\tv 


\ 


CONTENTS.  .■'"         ^  Xi 

Loid  Shelbnme  to  Qor.  Moan ;  on  petition  from  the  Society         ^. 
for  the  Propagation  of  the  Qoepel  and  of  the  people  of  Ben- 
nington; no  new  grants  of  the   lands  patented  by  New 
Hampshire  are  to  be  made  by  New-Tork,  and  no  persons  to        % 
be  molested  in  their  possession  under  title  from  the  former 
province  until  further  orders, 989 

OoT.  Moore  to  Lord  Shelbnme;  in  answer  to  the  representa- 
tions from  Bennington  and  the  Society  for  Propagating  the 
Gospel, < '    600 

The  same  to  tho  same ;  in  further  defence  of  New- York, 691 

Order  of  the  king  in  council  forbidding  the  governor  of  New- 
York  to  make  grants  of  any  lands  already  patented  by  New 
Hampshire ;  with  the  opinion  of  the  council  of  New-York  on 
the  construction  to  be  put  on  the  same, 609 

List  of  Judges  and  other  civil  officers  for  Cumberland  county, . .    611 

Qov.  Moore  to  Lord  Hillsboro'  forwarding  petitions  from  re- 
duced soldiers  and  others  for  land  ^ast  of  Lake  Cliamplain, 
and  urging  the  setUement  of  that  country, ib. 

Clergy  of  Connecticut  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  recommending  Par- 
tridge Thatcher  Esq.,  to  be  the  first  governor  of  the  new 
province  to  be  erected  west  of  the  Connecticut  Biver, 614 

Representation  of  James  Brackenridge  and  Samuel  Robinson 
to  the  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  aa  to  what  occurred  be- 
tween them,  and  the  commissioners  for  dividing  the  Wallum- 
sohack  patent, : 617 

Proclamation  of  the  government  of  New-York  for  the  arrest 
of  Brackenridge,  Robinson  and  others,  for  riotously  obstruct- 
ing the  partition  aforesaid, 616 

Lt.  Gov.  Colden  to  Lord  Hillsboro'  recommending  that  the 
grantees  under  New  Hampshire  obtain  confirmations  from 
New- York  on  payment  of  a  reduced  scale  of  fees, 619 

Got.  J.  Wentworth  to  Lt.  Gov.  Colden  complaining  of  being 
obstructed  in  his  duties  as  Surveyor-General  of  the  king's 
forests  by  Judge  Wells,  (enclosing,) 621 

Memorial  of  J.  Wentworth  to  Lt.  Gov.  Colden  complaining  of 
certain  trespassers  on  the  king's  domain  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Connecticut  River,  town  of  Windsor,  (with,) 624 

Deposition  of  Benj.  AVhiting  in  support  of  the  statements  con- 
tained in  Gov.  Wentworth's  memorial  and  letter, 626 

Deposition  of  BenJ.  Wait  to  the  same  effect, 629 

Deposition  of  Amos  Tute  to  the  same  effect, 633 

Order  in  council  for  the  erection  of  the  county  of  Gloucester  ou 
the  west  side  of  the  Connecticut  River, 634 

Civil  officers  for  Gloucester  county, 636 

Rev.  Drs.  Auchmuty  and  Cooper  to  Lt.  Gov.  Colden  recom- 
mending certain  persons  to  the  command  of  the  militia  of 
the  county  of  Gloucester, 636 

Petition  of  John  Grout,  attorney  at  law,  to  Ch.  Just.  Hon- 
manden  for  leave  to  bring  an  action  for  damages  against 
aartain  paraoos  for  iq}nriaa  aet  forth  in  an, tk 


:•' 


'*.* 


'.1 


,^'j 


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jdi  •.  CONtENTS.  •" 

'  1770.  Aug*    9.  AffldftTlt  cif  tketttm,  off  fabe  ImprilMriBtait  irWIx  be  MTMM 

^^,  Bt  the  handi  of  certain' Ncfw  Hampshire  men, 637 

,v       Affldarit  of  8.  Wellt,  with  an  aooonnt  of  k  riot  in  Cumberland 

*  oonrt  hottse, , 6il 

Sept.  29.  Report  of  His  Majesty's  Pror.  Cooneil  of  New-Tork  on  Qor. 

■>  Wentworth'g  aconsation  against  Judge  Wells,  (with,) 04& 

Sm»  to  Sept.  Affidarits  of  sundry  individuals  in  defence  of  Judge  Wells, . . .    647 
Ktnr*    1.  Proclamation  of  Gov.  Dnnmore  for  the  arrest  of  Hatheway, 
RoblnAffl  ftnd  othert  rioters,  for  obstmoting  the  partition  of 

the  Witllamsehack  patent, 601 

Petition  to  the  king  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  (toaatiea  of  Cum- 
berland and  'Gloucester  oomplabing  of  the  riotous  obstruo- 
tions  of  the  oonrtH  of  law  and  other  irregularities  by  the 

government  and  ^ple  of  Nerr-Hampshire, 668 

Dee.    S.  Petition  of  the  inhabitanta  on  the  west  side  of  the  CoDntootiettt 
river  to  the  Earl  of  Dnnmore,  prayiiig  a  confirmati<ni  of  thehr 

patent*  on  reduced  fbes, 668 

18.  Older  in  council  tm  the  prosecution  of  Silas  Robinson, 671 

1771.  3»!a.  27.  Petition  from  New  Hampehire  to  the  king  cottipIainiBj^  of  the 
oppressions  experienoed  from  Ne^-Tork  by  the  people  on  the 
grants,  tad  requesting  that  the  latter  be  annexed  to  New 

Hampshire,  » Vn 

Mar.  9.  Extract  of  » letter  ftom  Gov.  Dunmore  to  lord  Hillsborough, 
stating  that  the  disorders  which  prevail  in  the  grants  are 
designedly  created  tad  fomented  by  persons  in  New  Hamp- 
shire ;  forwards  report  of  the  Attomey-Geneial,  (with 
"prooftr,)  in  answer  to  the  New  Hampshire  petition  and  calls 
for  a  revocation  of  the  order  suspending  grants  of  land  in 
that  quarter;  fhmi  the  people  of  which  he  now  tnnsmlts  a 
petition  piiying  to  be  continued  under  N.  Tork,  feoyering,)  615 
4.  Certificate  of  the  Surveyor-General  that  reservations  have 
been  made  in  favor  of  the  New  Hampshire  occupants  settled 

before  the  22d  May,  1765, 67P 

Ibb.  toMar.  Sundry  affidavits  in  support  of  the  statements  contained  in 

Gov.  Dnnmore's  letter  and  the  Attorney-Generals  report, . .    67f 
May  15.  Return  of  the  number  of  Inhabitants  in  the  county  of  Cum- 

beriand, 1W 

^      17.  Return  of  the  number  of  inhabitants   in  the   county  of 

Gloneester, '. ib 

A  Dst  of  the  heads  of  ftaiilies  in  the  several  towns  in  the 

oounty  of  Gloucester, 709 

80.  'Squire  Munro  to  Secretary  fianyar,  giving  an  account  of  ill 

treatment  recently  experienced  by  the  "  Yorkers  "  from  the      . 
settlers  of  Princetown,  with  affidavits  in  support  of  his 

report, ^ 7ia 

Jtte  6.  Report  of  the  Board  of  Trade  to  the  Lords  of  the  Privy  Coun- 
cil, enumerating  the  difficulties  attendant  on  the  settlement 
of  the  various  claims  to  the  lands  in  the  northeast  part  of  the 
provinee  of  New-Tork,* and  submitting  their  dedsion 
thtoeupen, 7M 


tnio  Aof. 


BtvL 


Oet. 


«? 


^* 

V 

^  i-iH  HZ  J  Yi- 

>4i 

-^-•'1. ''" 

K--' -~:^-"^ 

*.•.,*»,', 

i^t 

4W 

!•*  J 


■m 


*>i 


^     Dm. 


ITfl.  Jan. 


SM 


cxwTBim.  k  hU 

VA0B. 

34.  Got.  Trym  to  Mi^  Skan*  utd  otttar  in*stitmt«i  oiduing 
them  to  gnot  legal  nlief  to  Doaald  MoIntiiejuMl  otnen, 
noently  dispoueased  of  their  landa  by  Robert  OochrMie  and         ^ 
other  rioten, m > 7M 

18.  Jndge  WeUa  to  Attomey^Genexal  Kemp,  aeqaatnting  hip 
with  a  fraud  eommitted  by  the  penou  employed  by  the 
N.  H.  goTezuDMBt  to  lurrey  the  upper  Oomieoticat  Rirer, 

(with,) m 

AffidaTit  of  Nehemiah  Howe  in  support  of  themme, 722 

SO.  Memorial  of  John  Mnnro  praying  to  be  appointed  iheriif  of 

the  dty  and  oonnty  of  Albany, 798 

18.  Depoeition  of  Samuel  Gaidenier,  a  tettler  on -the  Wallnm- 
aohak  patent  giving  a  detail  of  the  ill  naage  he  reoeived  flnm 
■nndry  pcmna  diiguiied  aa  Indiani,  who  deetroyed  his  oropa 
and  threw  down  his  fenees,  as  he  did  not  hold  under  New 

Hampshiie, : 724 

SO.  Older  of  the  Oounoil  of  New-Tork  for  the  apprehension  of  Seth 

Warner  and  others  of  the  Bonnington  mob, : 729 

S.  QoTemor  of  New-York  to  the  Govenor  of  New  Hampshiie, 
relative  to  the  ex  parte  surrey  of  the  Oonneetiout  River, 
and  remonstrating  agalast  the  riots  recently  committed  by 
persons  claiming  to  be  encouraged  by  New  Hampshiie,  ....  731 
Sundry  affidavita  to  prove  that  the  sheriff  of  Albuy  has  been 
violently  resisted  at  Bennington  in  the  execution  of  hia 
duty, 781 

8.  'Bqniie  Munio  to  Oov.  Tiyoat  the  same  factious  spirit  pre- 

vails throughout  his  neighborhood  |  the  rioten  are  not 
flndd  of  any  foroe  sent  against  them|  another  man  dispos- 
scMod, 7U 

IS.  Affidavit  of  -Ohailes  Hutohesson  setting  forth  the  destno- 
tion  of  h]s  house  and  property  by  Allen,  Baker,  Cochran* 
and  otheiB,  as  <*  a  burnt  saeiiflee  to  the  Gods  of  the 

world,"..... 748 

'Squire  McNachton  to  Seoratary  Fanning  (f) ;  the  rioters  and 
traitors  have  gone  to  the  mountaini  where  it  is  impoitible  "^ 

toairest  tliem, 7tf 

18.  Qov.  Wentwoith's  Ittter  to  Oov.  Tiyoa  touching  the  riotou 
conduct  of  the  New  Hampshiie  grantees  lidd  befoie  the 
Council  and  minutes  thereon, ..•« T4S 

S7.  Minute  of  oonndl  ordering  a  proclamation  to  be  issued  offering 
a  nward  for  the  arrest  of  Ethan  Allen,  Remember  Baker, 
and  other  rioters, • MO 

9.  Proclamation  <^  Gov.  Tiyon  to  the  above  effect.  [Not  iirlnted.] 
11.  Proclamation  of  Got.  Tiyon  setting  forth  the  title  of  New- 
Tork  to  the  territory  west  of  the  Oonneeticnt  river,  recapit* 
nlatitag  the  encroachments  of  New  Hampshire,  and  le^aaseit- 

ing  the  rightful  d^m  of  New-Tork, 780 

8.  Gov.  Wentworth  to  Gov.  Tiyon,  (endosing.) 

Ifinnte  of  the  New-Hampshire  eonndl  dedining  to  pnbUsh 
Oov.  Tiyon's  proclamation  of  the  nth  ultimo, 768 


I    t 


4 


•  ir^S' 


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I 


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th  0  GOMTEirri. 

na*. 
1772.  Ju.  39.  Judge  Lord  to  Gov.  Tryon,  giving  an  aooount  of  a  great  riot  at 
^  Pntney,  in  Cumberland  county,  on  27tli  of  January,  and 

.    roHigning  hit  office, 767 

Fab.    9.  Judge  Chandler  to  the  same,  Tvith  an  account  of  the  above  riot, 
^  ot^ecting  to  Judge  Lord's  resignation  and  in  favor  of  divers 

loyal  subjects  in  his  vidnity,. .. •* 769 

'Squire  Munro  to  the  same,  vith  an  account  of  the  progress  of 

tJte  rioters  at  Bennington,  (and  enclosing,) 782 

Jaa.  24.  Information  given  by  Benjamin  Buck  as  to  yrhat  occurred  at  a 
meeting  of  the  rioters  in  Bennington  in  the  beginning  of  the"" 
month, 70B 

28.  Information  of  Jonathan  White  as  to  the  temper  of  the  Ben- 

nington people, 764 

Fob.  18.  Judge  Lord  to  Gov.  Tryon  acquainting  him  that  he  had  expe- 
rienoed  eveiy  assistance  ftom  the  New  Hampshire  authori- 
ties in  arresting  the  ^wrsons  who  lud  committed  the  riot  at 

Putney, 706 

. .  17.  Order  of  the  governors  of  King's  College,  New-York,  for  the 

division  and  settlement  of  their  township  of  Kingsland, ....     767 

List  of  civil  officers  for  Gloucester  county, 768 

'  Mar.  28.  Gov.  Wentworth  to  Gov.  Tryon,  requesting  a  patent  of  con- 
firmation for  B.  Wentworth  Jr.,  of  6,000  acres  of  bind  in 
the  town  of  Roekingham, 769 

29.  Minute  of  council  setting  forth  that  Allen,  Baker,  ic,  have 
SL , retired  to  Qie  neighboring  government;  the  people  will  not 

submit, .*..    770 

AptU    8.  Seoretaiy  Banyar  to  Judge  Lord;  his  conduct  approved  of; 

his  resignation  cannot  be  accepted,  .»M ib. 

7*  Col.  Raid  to  Gov.  Tryon,  with  an  extract  of  a  letter  from  Lord 
Dunmore  offering  to  build  a  court  house  and  any  other  pub-  ^ 
,  lio  buildings  that  may  be  required  for  Cfaarlotto  county, 

-<.•;.>./  should  his  township  be  selected  as  the  county  town, 771 

fi.  Petition  requesting  that  Socialborough  be  declared  the  county 

town  of  Charlotte  county,  and  offering  to  pay  for  the  ereo-  . 

^nnit^  tion  of  the  public  buildings, 778 

List  of  civil  officers  aptH>inted  for  Cumberland  county, 776 

15.  An  acoount  of  the  temper  of  the  rioters  in  the  eastern  part  of 

the  province, 776 

—    Ilqr    9.  Examination  as  to  the  causes  of  the  riots  at  Bennington ;  the 
inhabitants  of  that  quarter  to  be  invited  to  lay  the  grounda 

of  their  behaviour  l>efore  the  council  of  New -York, 777 

■iV.     .... .  19.  Minute  of  oouncil  setting  forth  that  the  rioters  had  brought  to 

lA  .I-  Bennington  two  pieces  of  cannon,  and  a  mortar  tnm  the 

~'f.  fort  at  East  Hooslck,  with  powder  and  ball;  f|;rther  outrages,    778 

Gov.  Tryon   to   the    Inhabitants   of   Bennington,    inviting 
them  to  send  delegates  to  New^York  to  explain  their 

Ui     ...  grievances, ib. 

29.  Examination  of  Jonathan  Wheate,  stating  who  are  the  rulen 
at  Bennington,  and  that  he  had  been  obliged  to  abandon 
hiahome, 780 


lyys.  Jane 


Jvly 


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Aug. 

11 

m- 

Sept. 

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29 

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21. 


m  - 

21. 

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For.  24. 

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85. 


CONTEMTS. 


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im. 


Mii 


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■  tm- 


k-u 


.41 


m 


PMm. 

JuM  8.  Mlimte  of  oonnoil  letting  forth  the  oonUsaed  riotoni  sidrit  ]^- 

Tailing  smong  the  people  on  the  N.  H.  gramta, 781 

9.  Petition  flram  the  inhabitants  of  Guilfoid  praying  for  letten 

patent, 781 

16.  Lilt  of  townihipa  formerly  granted  under  New  Ham;^^ 
'ihin  ^nd  lince  oonlirmed  by  New- York ;  liit  of  town- 
ships for  which  oonflrmations  have  not  iiiaed>  though  long 
riuM  advised  to  be  granted;  list  of  townships  formerly 
granted  by  New  Hampshire,  for  which  applioaUons  hare 
been  made  for  letters  of  oonflimation  to  be  granted  wheneTor 

his  majesty's  instmotions  permit, 78§ 

S6.  Minute  of  coundl  setting  forth  the  application  on  the  part  of 
the  people  of  Charlotte  oonnt^  Ao.',  for  protection  agsinst  the 
Bennington  rioters,.... 788 

JvSj  1.  Report  of  the  committee  of  His  Majesty's  council  on  the  letter 
received  from  the  inhabitants  of  Bennington,  and  recom* 
mending  that  all  farther  prosecutions  against  them  be 
suspended  until  His  Majesty's  pleasure  be  known,  on  con- 
ation that  the  sidd  inhabitants  do  for  the  future  pay  respect 

to  the  laws,... *! ib> 

15.  Beport  of  a  public  meeting  held  at  Bennington  on  receipt  of       ^ 
the  aforesaid  minute  of  council ;  and  of  the  public  rej^idngi 
at  that  place  in  <»nsequence;  promiring  future  obedience,..    79S 

Aug.  11.  Oov.  Tryon  to  the  inhabitants  of  Bennington  complaining  of  a 

breachof  faith  on  their  part,  and  a  violation  of  their  promise,    798 

8ept«  8.  Minute  of  council  respecting  the  conduct,  and  giving  the  sub- 
stance of  the  answer,  of  the  people  of  Bennington, 794 

S9.  Minute  of  council  to  the  effect  that  Massachusetts  and  New 
Hampshire  are  preparing  petitions  to  the  king  for  the 
extension  of  the  jurisdiction  of  the  latter  west  of  Connec- 
ticut, river;  the  answer  from  Bennington  declared  to  be 
insolent;  the  growing  evil  cannot  be  suppressed  without  the  ^^ 
aid  of  regular  troops ;  further  application  to  be  made  to  hia 
m^esty, , ,*. 79fi 

OM.  7.  Oov.  Tryon  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  urging  a  termination  of  the 
oontroveniy  and  that  the  New  Hampshire  grants  be  oon- 
Armed  on  half  fees, .' 797 

81.  Minute  of  coundl  setting  forth  renewed  Sciences  committed  hy 
Ira  Allen  and  others  on  Onion  river,  and  recommending  a 
reward  to  be  offered  for  their  arrest, 798 

21.  Jehiel  Hawley  to  Col.  Skene,  notifying  him  that  he  (H.)  had 

Iwen  appointed  agent  on  behalf  of  the  people  on  the  grants,    800 
Nor.  84.  'Squire  Munro  to  Oov.  Tryon,  informing  his  excellency  of  the 
arrest  of  a  number  of  counterfeiters  and  their  subsequent 
•scape  on  their  way  to  jail;  the  country  from  Jersey  to 
Oowas  fUl  of  them ;  Munro's  potashery  destroyed, lb* 

86.  Minute  of  council;  letter  received  from  Col.  Skene  acquaint*    . 
ing  the  government  that  Hawley  and  Braokenridge  ar* 
tbouftvisiUng  England  on  behalf  of  the  people  of  Benning- 
ton; oonndU'oiMon  of  these  several  parties, 802 


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\ 


CX}1ITBIIT8. 

MRS 

IffSf  I>M>    3<  B«poii  of  th«  Boud  of  Tnd*  to  tae  ijonu  CommHte*  of  tk* 
Privy  OooncU,  with  a  plan  for  the  Nttlemeot  of  the  dilA- 

onltici  reipeetiDg  the  New  Hampahire  granta, ft03 

9.  Lord  Dartmouth  to  Got.  Tiyon,  diMonntenanoing  the  iiitcrpo- 
idtioo  of  any  military  foroe  in  the  exiating  diapnte  relative 

^  tothegranta, 81ft 

33.  Petition  of  the  freeholdera  of  Onmherland  connty  praying  for 

the  privilege  of  electing  repreaentativea  to  the  Aawmbly, ...     ib. 
1778.  Feb.         Petition  of  the  freeholdera  of  Charlotte  praying  that  Skenea- 

borobe  the  county  town, 818 

Petition  to  the  king  from  the  inhabitanta  of  Gloucester  and 
Cumberland  countiea,  praying  that  the  graota  from  New 
Hampahir^  in  said  oonntiea,  be  oonfirmed  by  New-Tork, ....  821 
SO.  Affidavit  of  Capt.  Wooater  aetting  forth  hia  experience  in 
endeavoring  to  lytet  intrudera  on  hia  landa  on  the  eaat  banka 
of  Lake  Cbamplain,  and  the  determination  of  the  people 
there  to  reaiat  hia  nu^esty'a  troopa  ahould  they  be  aent  to 

anpport  the  authority  of  New-York, 824 

A|c&  10.  Lord  Dartmouth  to  Gov.  Tryon  communicating  the  propoai- 
tibna  made  b^  the  Board  of  Trade,  and  approved  by  hia 

mi^eaty, 827 

98,  Deporitionof  Philip  NiohoU  aetting  forth  the  deatruotion  of 
hia  fenoea  and  hia  own  ejectment  from  hia  farm  at  Social- 

boro*  by  the  mob,  and  the  order  of  oounoil  thereupon, 830 

Jqlj  1.  Gov.  Tryon  to  Lord  Dartmouth,  aetUng  forth  the  olgeotiona  to 
the  report  of  the  Board  of  Trade>-and  anbmitting  hia  reoom- 

mendationa, 831 

Avg«12.  Jamea  Henderaon  to  Mr.  Maokintoah;  Col.  Reid'amill  and 

settlement  on  Otter  creek  deatroyed  by  the  mob, 842 

S2.  'Squire  Munro  to  Got.  Tiyon;  the  mob  haa  broke  looae;  all 

hia  pot  and  pearl  afhery  deatroyed, 843 

81.  Order  in  ooundl  that  the  governor  requeat  the  commander  of 
hia  mi^eaty'a  foroea  to  occupy  forta  Ticonderoga  and  Crown 
Beint  with  a  auffioient  body  of  troopa  for  the  purpoae  of  idd- 

ing  the  civil  magistrate  in  the  exeontiqn  of  the  lawffj ib. 

fltpt*  1.  Gen.  Haldemand  to  Gov.  Tryon,  declining  to  Aimiah  troopa  aa 
required,  unleas  he  persist  in  hia  request;  in  auoh  oaae  de- 
mands that  the  expense  attendant  on  their  traoaportation  be 

providedfor, 844 

IT  8.  Minute -of  council  in  answer  to  Gen.  Haldemand  s  letter;  a 

court  of  common  pleas  and  general  aeaaiona  established  near 

Port  Edward  for  the  county  of  Charlotte, 846 

%i.  Sundry  affidavits  detailing  the  outrages  committed  by  the  mob 
w-  on  Col.  Reid's  lands;  the  destruction  of  hia  mill,  crops,  Ac.,    840 

27.  Adolphus  Benzel  to  Gov.  Tryon,  giving  an  account  of  a  man 
having  been  unmercifully  whipped  by  a  party  of  New 

Hanypshire  rioters, 854 

JZ9.  Oidnion  of  the  council  on  receipt  of  a  letter  from  Gen.  Halde- 
mand offering  to  station  troops  at  Crown  Point  and  Ticon- 
deroga for  a  limited  period, 85ft 


1778.001. 
1774.  Feb. 

1778.  Dee. 


1774.  Feb. 

» 

Mar. 

'^Vg* 

1 

Sept. 

Avgll 

m- 


t^-: 


Oot 
Deo. 


1776. 

Mar. 

mt 

...  -  ..\ 

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April 


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Zt^ 


May 

*     •    •    i    4         "*" 

Vol.  IV. 


im.  oot.  u. 

"''. 

1774.  Teb.    S. 

1778.  Dee.    6. 

1774.  Feb.    4. 

m 

Mar.    9. 

«      iing.    4. 

S«pt.    1. 

Aug. 
8«pt.  1. 

1». 

m 

Ook.    4. 

Dm.    1. 

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ms.  M«r.    9. 

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April 

5. 

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*»* 

.v,y.-,.- 


VOL.  IV. 


CONTENTS.  'itii 

MOB. 

Lord  Dartmoafh  to  Oot.  Tryon  dinppteTing  of  hia  nqoiritlon 
onOen.  Haldemand  for  troops, 856 

Petition  of  Bei\j.  Hough,  giving  details  of  varions  illegal  acts 
eommitted  hj  the  Bennington  rioters  and  asking  protection, 
(^th,) n y..     lb. 

Deporftion  of  Beqj.  Spencer,  Ja^ob  Marsh,  BenJ.  Hough,  and 
others,  aa  to  various  indignities  they  suffered  at  the  hands 
of  Ethan  Allen,  Remember  Baker,  Seth  Warner,  Ao., 859 

Report  of  the  grand  committee  of  Grievances  to  the  New- York 
Assembly  on  the  preceding  papers, 809 

Proolamrtion  of  Qov.  Tryon  offering  a  reward  for  the  arrest  of 
Ethan  Allen,  Seth  Warner,  Remember  Baker,  and  other 
rioters, 871 

Affidavit' setting  forth  that  Amos  Chamberlain  had  been  dted 
before  the  Judgment  seA  of  the  Bennington  mob, r    873 

Petition  of  Beqj.  Hough  in  behalf  of  himself  and  the  other 
■ettleia  of  Durham  and  Sooialboro',  setting  forth  other  vio- 
lent outrages  by  the  mob,  and  stating  that  the  rioters  had 
commenced  erecting  forts,  Ac,  (with,) 876 

Sundry  depodtions  in  support  of  the  said  petition, 878 

HQnnte  of  council  advising  the  governor  to  apply  to  Gen.  Gage 
for  a  military.foroe  to  support  the  civil  magistracy  and  keep 
the  peace  in  Charlotte  county, 884 

Gen.  Gage  to  Gov.  Tryon  declining  to  furnish  the  required 
troops, 886 

Lieut.  Gov.  Golden  to  Lord  Dartmouth  with  an  account  of  the 
events  above  narrated, 884 

Petition  of  the  freeholders  of  Charlotte  county,  praying  to  be 
allowed  to  eleot  representatives  to  the  New- York  As- 
sembly,      888 

Lord  Dartmouth  to  Lieut.  Gov.  Colden,  expressive  of  the  hope 
that  things  will  mend, '. 889 

Petition  of  Benj.  Hough,  with  an  account  of  a  most  cruel 
whipping  and  otber  barbarous  treatment  he  received  at  the 
hands  of  the  mob, 891 

Depositions  in  support  of  the  statements  contained  in  the  above 
petition,  one  of  which  has  the  certificate  of  Hough's  punish- 
ment signed  by  Ethan  Allen  and  Seth  Warner, 89S 

Blinute  -of  council  relative  to  a  riot  attended  with  loss  of  life  at 
Westminster,  in  Cumberland  county, 908 

Sundry  affidavits  containing  the  purticulars  of  the  above  occur- 
rence,     904 

Ueut.  Gov.  Colden  to  Lord  Dartmouth,  communicating  an 
account  of  the  whipping  of  'Squire  Hough,  and  of  *'  a  dan- 
gerous insurrection"  in  Cumberland  county, 914 

Petition  of  Bonj.  Hough  and  Daniel  Walker,  praying  for  leave 
to  solicit  relief  from  the  humane  and  benevolent, 918 

Petition  of  Samuel  Wells  and  others;  "Had  it  not  been  for 
the  bite  unhappy  difference  in  Massachusetts  Bay,"  peaoe 
had  been  restored  to  the  county  of  Cumberland, 917 

'■  ^- .. 


v**     \. 


XTiil 


OOMTEMTS. 


4 
<» 


■  ^ 

■  r 


isR*' 


VAOB. 

1779*  JniM  7.  Lieut.  Got.  Golden  to  Lord  Dartmoath ;  Hie  Hajeety'i  forte  ftt 
Tinonderoga  and  Crown  Point  leised,  and  tlie  garriaon  taken 
prisonen  by  the  lawlcH  people  called  the ,  Bennington  mob,    919 

July  20.  Ethan  Allen  to  the  Provinoial  Congreaa  of  New -York  [from 
Tinonderoga,]  ^prcnive  of  hopei  of  reoonclliation,  thank- 
ing  them  for  their  respectful  treatment  not  only  of  Mr. 
Warner  and  himself,  but  of  the  Green  Mountain  boys  in 
general, ib. 

Sept.  25.  Declaration  of  a  Convention  held  at  Dorset, 920 

1776.  Memorandum  of  the  opinions  of  some  members  of  Congress 

respecting  the  establishment  of  a  new  state  on  the  Oonneo- 
ticutriver, 022 

Sept.  26.  Mr.  Clay  to  the  snb-oommittee  at  Putney,  directing  that  the 
opinions  of  the  people  of  Cumberland  county  on  reTolting 
from  New-York  be  sefllfo  the  Provincial  Congrcsa, ib. 

Kor.  20.  Minute  of  a  convenuitiolt  which  took  place  at  Windsor,  with 

the  delegates  from  the  west  side  of  the  Qreon  Mountains, . .     923 
[No  date.]  Remonstrance  against  the  appointment  by  Congress  of  Cols. 

Allen  and  Warner  to  raise  troops  independent  of  N.  Y., ....    924 

1777.  Jan.  20.  Report  to  the  New-York  Committee  of  Safetyon  the  appoint- 

ment of  Seth  Warner  as  Colonel  in  the  service  of  the  Conti- 
nental Congress,  and  protesting  against  the  same, 026 

Hon.  A.  Ten  Broeck  to  the  president  of  Congress,  enclosing 

.the  aforesaid  report, 028 

Feb.  19.  Gen.  Bayley,  of  Newberry,  to  the  President  of  the  New-York 
Convention;  a  number  has  declared  independency  of  the 

State  of  New- York, 930 

Mar.  I.  Hon.  A.  Ten  Broeck  to  the  president  of  Congress  in  opposi- 
tion to  the  pernicious  project  of  those  who  have  fomented 

insurrection  in  the  State  of  New -York, 032 

[ITodate.]  Brief  considerations  on  the  svjbject  of  the  independence  of 

Vermont,..; ,. 933 

April  11.  Thomas  Young  to  the  people  of  the  gtfffU,  recommending  the 
constitution  of  Pennsylvania  Os  a  model  for  that  of  the  new 

state,  and  that  they  send  delegates  to  Congress, 034 

2<5.  Declaration  by  the  people  of  Brattleboro'  of  their  allegiance  to 

N.ew-York, 036 

May  10.  Report  presented  to  the  New-York  Provincial  Congress  on  the 
st»te  of  the  counties  of  Cumberland,  Gloucester  and  Char- 

,♦  lotte,,., 937 

28.  Hon.  P.  Van  Cortland  to  the  president  of  Congress,  complain- 
ing that  a  factioH  in  the  northeastern  part  of  this  state,  who 
have  declared  themselves  independent,  are  countenanced  by 

certain  members  of  Congress, 041 

June  23.  John  M'illiams  to  secretary  McKisson;  (he  grants  declared  an 

independent  state  by  the  iianse  of  New  Vermount, 942 

27.  Resolutions  of  the  Council  of  Soloty  of  New-York  on  receiving 

the  above  intelligence, 043 

30.  Resolutions  of  the  Continental  Coogfress  dismissing  the  appli- 
cation of  Vermont  fpr  admissioo  int^  lh« /oonfederacy, 944 


1777.  Ja^ 


Aq(. 


1778.  Veb. 


Oe(.  1 


1779.  May 


m 


im 


m 


a 


Si 


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•*-4 


HT 


py;i 


^ 


Mt 


OOMTENTB.  XiX 

\ 

\ 

Vn,  July  17.  BrMolntiou  of  the  New- York  OoaaeU  of  nfety  diiMtlag  th* 
rawlntiou  of  Oongnw  to  be  lent  to  the  MTeiml  eountlei  in 

thegnmta, MO 

S8.  Oertiflwte  from  Oapt.  Junee  CUj  that  be  hu  distributed  the 

reeolret  of  the  Continental  CongrcM, 947 

Ang.  10.  Vwruit  from  the  Oonneil  of  Vermont  to  arrest  James  Clay, . .     ib. 
10.  Report  of  Capt.  Olay,  giving  an  aooount  of  his  arrest  and  de- 
-  tention  for  haviDg  aoted  under  the  State  of  New-York, ....    948 
Sept.   3.  Minutes  of  the  oommittee  of  the  county  of  Cumberland,  where- 
in oomplalnt  is  made  of  the  proceedings  of  the  "  Pretended 
Oouneil  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont,"  and  authorising 

Capt.  Clay  to  be  their  delegate  to  New-York, ib. 

4.  John  Sessions  to  Secretary  McKesson  on  the  aspect  of  affairs 

on  the  Conneetient  BiTer, ' i*-'^>ll 

1T78.  Veb.  8.  Prodamation  of  G«^  Clinton  offering  certain  terms  to  the  peo- 
ple of  the  grants  for  the  settlement  of  the  said  disputed 
lands  ill  peaceable  subjection  to  the  authority  of  the  state  of 

New-York, 961 

Oet.  17.  Petition  of  Col.  Spencer  and  other  inhabitants  of  Durham  to 
•^^■-                       the  legislature  of  New-York,  complaining  of  ill-treatment 
received  from  the  pretended  state  of  Vermont  and  demand- 
ing protection, 960 

1779.  May    4.  Petition  from  Cumberland  to  the  same  demanding  aid, 967 

6.  aterson  to  Oov.  Clinton,  informing  him  that  the  Oreen 

Mountain  boys  are  expeoted  on  Connecticut  river  to  reduce 

the  townships  there  under  Vermont,. ^..    900 

14.  Gk>v.  Clinton  to  Samuel  Minot  Esq.,  communicating  his  views 
as  to  the  course  the  friends  of  New-York  in  Vermont  should 

pursue  at  the  present  conjuncture, 902 

18.  Oov.  Clinton  to  John  Jay,  president  of  Congress,  with  copies 
of  preceding  papers  to  be  laid  before  congress;  New- York 
cannot  much  longer  continue  a  dlent  spectator  of  the 

violenoes  committed  on  her  mtisens, 904 

SS.  Samuel  Minot  Esq.,  to  Oov.  Clinton,  giving  an  account  of  the 
.  ■ . .  •     ■'■.«■  visit  of  Ethan  Allen  and  his  Oreen  Monntidn  boys  to  Brat- 

nr'tnti.  V  -  ^    -    "^  tteborough,  and  his  oipduot  whilst  there, 906 

39.  Oov.    Clinton    to    president   Jay,   enclosing    Mr.    Minot*.. 

/'■>'  letter, 904 

^^  Oov.  Clinton  to  the  New- York  delegaUon  in  Congress;  intends 

to  send  an  armed  force  to  repair  the  outrage  committed  at 

Brattleborongh, ...-. 907 

Jam   1.  Piesident  Jay  to  Gov.  Clinton;  Ctingress  intends  to  send  p 

oommittee  to  the  grants  to  inquire  why  the  inhabitants  re- 

■  v'  ■ '"'  fuse  to  continue  oitisens  of  the  states  wliiek  formerly  exer- 

'i^rfJV'  olaM  jurisdiction  over  them, ib. 

*  New- York  Delegation  in  Congress  to  Oov.  Clinton  on  the 

same  subject,  and  discountenancing  all  idea  of  shedcDng 

v3  >*««  blood,  968 

,.^1  fS^         g.  President  Jay  to  Oov.  Clinton,  transmitting  to  him  the  names 
....  ^i3iy  of  Ihe  oommittee  recently  appointed  by  Congress, 940 


■'  •».,      Mia 


.    f        * 


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■^  vl 

1   *' 

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XS  OONTEMTS. 

I 

TAfiK. 

1179.  JuM    7.  Oct.  Oliuton  to  SMnuel  Minot  in  uwwar  to  hit  of  the  2fith 
Mfty  i  is  obliged  to  talie  tlte  field  againit  the  common  enemy 

reoommendi  flnnneaa  and  prudenoe, 970 

Oor.  Clinton  to  the  President  of  Congress,  oomplaining  of  the 
Iftte  oondttot  of  Ethan  AUenj  a  colonel  in  the  continental 
servioe,  and  of  certain  resolutions  of  Congress ;  "  'Ihe  mea- 
sure of  the  sulferings  of  this  State  is  nearly  full," 071 

QoT.  Clinton  to  the  New-York  delegation  in  Congress  on  the 

same  subject^ W* 

Got.  Clinton  to  Gen.  Washington},  will  soon  be  called  on  to 
vindicate  the  authority  of  the  State }  applies  for  the  restora- 
tion of  the  six  pounders  loaned  to  Congress  in  1776, 976 

16.  Resolves  of  Congress  recommending  the  immediate  release  of 
the  persons  taken  prisoners  by  Ethan  Allen  at  Brattle- 
borough,  Ac.,.> #.. 976 

23.  The  committee  of  Congress  to  Samuel  Minot  Esq.,  recom- 
mending him  and  the  other  friends  of  New-York  to  raise 
their  quotas  for  the  defence  of  the  frontiers  (and  enclosing,)  977 
Letter  of  Got.  Chittenden  recommending  the  suspension  of  all 
prosecutions  against  those  who  aeknowledge  themselves  sub- 
jects of  the  state  of  New-York, 978 

Si.  Got.  Chittenden's  answers  to  the  queries  of  the  committee  of 

Congress, 979 

Jnly  83   Petition  to  Congrest  of  the  scTeral  towns  composing  Cuml>er- 
land  oonnty,  complaining  of  various  oppressions  experienced 
^                      from  the  Vermont  faction;   declaring  their  allegiance  to 
New- York,  and  praying  that  the  New  Hampshire  grants  re- 
turn to  their  allegianoe* 981 

A.ng.  27.  Instructions  to  the  NeW»York  delegates  in  Congress  relative 
to  the  disorders  proTailing  in  the  northeastern  parts  of  tb« 

state  of  New-York, f, 987 

Bvf^  24.  Resolutions  of  Congress  recommending  the  states  of  New 
Hampshire,  Massachusetts  and  New-jTork  to  empower  Con- 
gress to  hear  and  determine  all  differences  between  them 

respecting  boundaries,  Ac.,. 992 

Charles  Phelps  to  the  legislature  of  New- York ;  state  of  opinion 

in  Congress, 996 

Oot.  2.  Message  of  Got.  Clinton  to  the  legislature  of  New-York,  with 
the  act  of  Congress  for  settling  the  disturbances  in  the 
northeastern  district  of  the  state, 1000 

1780.  Feb.  Charles  Phelps  to  Got.  Clinton  recapitulating  his  services  aa 

agent  at  Philadelphia,  and  applying  for  further  remune- 
ration,   t ib. 

Jane  12.  Petition  of  Mioah  Townsend  and  others  of  Cumberland  oounty, 
for  oompensation  for  loss  of  property  In.,  on  account  of  their 
fidelityto  New-York 1003 

1781.  Articles  of  union  agreed  to  at  Cambridge,  N.  Y., 1004 

1782.  Feb.  24.  Judge  Yatea  to  Got.  Clinton  advising  him  of  the  arrest  of 

sundry  persons  adherents  to  the  state  of  Vermont ;  with  list 

of  the  persons  in  custody  and  tl^e  charges  against  them,  ... .  1006 


VBLMat. 

Btptt 


1784.  Feb.  2 


Mar. 


Dee.  12 
1T97.  Feb.  3 
1799.  April  23 


Xy.  MEMOIR  0 

MIBCELLA 

Fir 

>    *  Chi 

'  Fin 

Fin 

Fin 

Lib] 

,■     Nev 

Gen 


OOMTEIfTg. 


1T8I«  Mar.  1.  Petltloo  of  tht  poople  of  Ounbridgs  regretting  th*  daeeption 
they  bare  been  lubjcot  to,  praying  pardon  and  tolM  allowed 

to  return  to  their  allegianoe  under  New-Tork, lOOT 

4.  Snbmiaikm  of  the  people  of  Granrille  and  White  Greek, lOM 

May     6.  Got.  Clinton  to  the  Conunittee  of  Cumberland  county  aiauring 

( iy)t  ....  them  that  every  attention  will  be  paid  to  their  wiiheB, 1010 

k^i  8«pl«  l(t  Qor.  Clinton  to  Joel  Bigelow  Eiq.,  on  the  inbjeotof  reoent 
aggrenions  committed  by  the  opponent!  to  the  itate  of 
New- York  on  the  gronti,  and  recommending  abatinence 
Arom  all  Tiolenoe  unless  in  oases  of  self  defence, 1018 

27.  QoT.  Clinton  to  the  committees  of  Cumberland  county  with  an 

account  of  the  progress  of  their  affairs  in  Congress, 1013 

17M.  Feb.  38.  Petition  of  Col.  Church  and  other  inhabitants  of  Cumberland 
county  to  the  legislature  of  Vew-York  praying  for  compen- 
sation for  their  past  losses  and  sufferings  under  Vermont, . . .  1014 

28.  List  of  civil  and  military  officers  in  Cumberland  county  com- 

missioned by  New-York,  who  have  been  either  imprisoned, 
banished,  or  had  their  effects  taken  from  them  by  authority 

of  Vermont  with  the  estimated  amount  of  their  losses, 1016 

Uar.    1.  Concurrent  resolutions  of  the  New-York  legislature  anthorising 
the  laying  out  of  a  township  eight  miles  square  for  Col. 

Church  and  his  fellow  sufferers  from  Vermont, 101« 

List  of  sufferers  in  opposing  the  government  of  the  pretended 
state  of  Vermont,  with  the  proportion  of  land  adjudged  to 

>  each, 1017 

Dee.  12.  Petition  of  Col.  Patterson  and  otheis  to  the  legislature  of  the 

state  ofNew-York  praying  for  a  grant  of  land  in  compensa- 
tion for  their  loans  under  Vermont, 1020 

1797.  Feb.  3.  Extract  from  the  petition  of  Theophelack  Baehe  and  others, 
explaining  the  mode  in  which  the  Vermont  controversy 

with  New- York  was  terminated, 1023 

1799.  April  23.  Names  of  the  claimants  who  are  entitled  to  compensation  for 
lones  under  Vermont,  with  the  sums  allowed  them  by  the 
New-York  commissioners,  and  the  division  of  the  thirty 

thousand  dollars  paid  by  Vermont, 102« 

List  of  authorities  which  may  be  consulted  on  the  preceding 

,  difficulties, 1026 

Petition  of  Sam'l  Robinson  and  others  to  the  king,  dated 

November,  1766, 1027 

Organization  of  the  Court  of  Glocester  county.  May,  1770,. . .  1033 

Census  of  the  several  towns  in  Cnmberlt^nd  county,  1771,  ....  1034 

XV.  MEMOIR  OF  JAMES  DELANCEY,  Lieut.  Gov.  of  the  Prov.  of  New-York,  1036 

MISCELLANIES, ^..  1069 

First  Church  in  New  Netherland.  ,  '  ,  * 

>  '  Christmas  on  the  Mohawk  River;  1769. 

First  Episcopal  Church  in  Poughkeepsie. 
First  Mail  west  of  Albany. 
First  Weekly  Mail  to  Albany. 
Libniiy  of  Sir  Henry  Moody,  Bart. 
New-York  Libraries  destroyed  by  the  British. 
General  Frazer. 


•    # 


hs^Y 


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.,  m 
^■(f, 


.At 


I    K 


?-'        t 


■S '.'; 


>*'    ti 


zxil 


COMTKZtTl. 


VAdB 

XVI.  MBMOIR  OF  HON.  JAMES  DUANB;  Jiid|«  of  th«  U.  6.  DIttrlet  Oowi 

oTNcwrYork, 10«1 

Clergy  of  the  City  of  Naw.York  in  17M, , 10S4 

ZVU.  PBOOLAMATION  OF  THE  LAST  OF  THB  ROTAL  GOVIRNORS  OF 

NBW-YORK, 1085 

Fkthwr  White't  IndiAB  Ommmw.    A  RoUc, 1088 

ZVm.  MEMORIAL  CONCERNING  TBI  IROQUOIS  |  By  Rtr.  OIimIm  IngUi 

of  THirity  Ohanh,  N.  T., 1069 

m 


r  ;■' 


fA 


I. 
u. 


III. 

IV, 
V. 

VI. 
VII. 
VIII. 

IX 


X. 

XI. 
XII. 

xm. 

XIV. 

XV. 

XVI. 

XVII. 

XVIII. 

XIX. 

XX. 

XXI. 

XXII. 

xxm. 

XXIY. 
XXV. 

x^, 


Pap«ri  r< 
P*p«ri  ri 

«l  Salli 

Paptra  rf 

diaiu,! 

Raporuo 

Paptn  r«l 

Oovernw 

Papara  ral 

Name*  bf 

Papen  rol 

Pnneh, 

Civil  Lin , 

Papon  roll 

Naw-Vork 

Ceiuna  oT 

Cadwalladd 

Papert  reli 

Papera  r«|i 

Papon  roll 

Papon  roll 

Papors  roll 

Boundary  ] 

Papon  roll 

Papon  roll 

SlatiMios  0 

Sutiotio*  a 

Papon  rela 

Ropertor( 


M 


I.  Papon  relating 

n.  Early  rate  litu 

ni.  Manuaoripti  of 

IV.  Early  Steam  N 

T.Pkpon  relating 


CONTENTS  OF  VOLUML'  L 


»  ■ '      t''p  r 

'■'   ■■■   •  ft' 

•  j'j'    ■■#"■' 


;f^ 


I.  Peptrs  nialinf  to  lk«  IroqnoU  and  olhar  Indlut  tribM. 

II.  Papari  reUUiiy  to  tho  Ant  MtUamout  at  Onondaya,  and  Iha  dlMorarr  of  tba  Salt  Springt 

at  Sallna.  m 

HI.  Papan  ralatiug  to  Da  Oonf  oellaa'  and  Da  Traer'*  Ezpaditiona  affaiwt  tho  Mohawk  la- 

dlaiu,  lMa-«. 
rv,  Roporu  on  tha  Provinea  of  Naw-York,  1609-1878. 
V.  Papan  raUtinf  to  M.  Da  La  Vmn't  Kxpadition  to  Hnnyry  Bayi  1M<«^ 
VI.  Oovoroor  Donyan'a  report  en  tha  ttata  of  tha  ProTinoa,  1687. 

VII.  Papart  relating  to  DMIwrllla*!  Expaditioa  to  tha  Oaaaaaa  Coontry  and  Nlafara,  16W. 

VIII.  Namea  Of  the  Mala  Inhabitant!  of  Ulatar  Co.,  1680. 

IX.  Papara  relating  to  tho  Invaaion  of  Naw-York  and  tha  Baminff  of  Bebanaatadf  by.  tha 

Freneh,  1690.  ^ 

X.  Civil  Liit  of  tho  ProTinoa  of  New- York,  1603. 

XI.  Papora  relating  to  Prontenao's  Expedition  againat  Iha  Onondagaaa,  lOBdL    mma^ 
XII.  New.  York  Army  List,  1700.  • 

Sm.  Cenau  <^  the  Coontiea  of  Orange,  Dutcheea  and  Albany,  1708, 1714,  ITMk 
XIV.  Cadwallader  Colden  on  tha  landa  of  New- York,  1738. 
XV.  Paperi  relating  to  the'SuaquehaAnah  River,  1689-1787. 
XVI.  Papert  relating  to  Ogdcnaburgh,  1740.  S 

XVII.  Papert  relating  to  Oawego.  ^ 

XVIII.  Papert  relating  to  the  Oneida  Coontry  and  the  Mohawk  Valley,  1708, 1787. 
XIX.  Papert  relating  to  Frenoh  Seignioriea  on  Lake  Ohamplain.  - 
XX.  Boundary  Line  between  tho  MThite*  and  the  Indiana,  1708. 
XXI.  Papert  relating  to  the  Ciiy  of  New- York. 
XXII.  Paper*  relatinf  to  Long  laland. 

XXm.  Statiitica  of  PopalatioB,  1647-1774.  >5 

XXIV.  Sutittiot  of  Revenne,  Import*,  Exporte,  eto.,  1681—17681 
XXV.  Papen  relating  to  Trade  and  Mannnustnre*,  1705— 17S7. 
X^CVI.  Report  of  Oov.  Tryon  on  the  atata  of  the  Piovinea,  1774.  l4i^ 


r.; 


It.  ■•  '  ■  •'  in 


^'•i 


CONTENTS  0^  VOLUME  IL 


»<c 


I.  Papora  relating  to  Lt.  Ck>v.  Loialer'a  Adminiatratioo. 

n.  Early  rate  litta  of  Long  Itland. 
m.  Manoaoripta  of  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon. 
IV.  Early  Steam  Navigation. 

▼.  Papora  relating  to  Weatem  Now-Tork. 


Hi 


ii*:'^ 


^1- 


CONTENTS  OF  VOLUME  III 


m 


:'J«<1       J' 


.nl 


»;> 

I. 
n. 

^i 

m. 

vr. 

V. 

■■f'i 

VI. 

r 

vn. 

vm. 

IX. 

*  X 

';,   '.*. 

XI. 

i*;' 

xn. 
xm. 

*'"  '■ ' 

XIV. 

"K  ' 

XV. 

%-' 

XVI. 

XVII. 

xvin. 

XIX. 

XX. 

XXI. 
XXII. 

xxin. 

XXIV. 


Champlain's  ExpedilioiM  to  Northern  and  Weittm  New- York,  1600, 101S.  ._• 

Papers  relating  to  the  First  Settlement  of  New- York  by  the  Dutch. 

Papers  relating  to  the  Restoration  of  New- York  to  the  English ;  and  to  the  ChargM  agaiiM 

Captain  Manning  for  its  Previous  Surrender  to  the  Dutch,  1674, 1675, 
Papers  relating  to  the  State  of  Religion  in  the  Province,  16S7— 1712. 
Papers  relating  to  Kings  County,  L.  I. 
Papers  relatuig  to  the  Churches  in  Queens  County. 
Papers  relating  to  Suffolk  County. 
Papers  relating  to  the  City  of  New- York. 
Papers  relating  to  the  Palatines. 
Papers  relating  to  the  Manor  of  Livingston,  including  th*  First  Settlement  of  SohokHW, 

1680—1795. 
Census  of  Slaves,  1755. 

Paper*  relating  to  Albany  and  Adjacent  Places. 
Papers  relating  to  Westchester  Coanty. 
Papers  relating  to  Ulster  and  Dutchess  Counties. 
Papers  relating  to  Quakers  and  Moravians. 
Rev.  Gideon  Hawley's  Journey  to  Oghqnaga,  Broome  Co.,  1753. 
State  of  the  Anglo-American  Church,  in  1776.° 
Prices  of  Land  in  the  State  of  New- York,  1791. 
Report  of  a  Committee  appointed  to  Explore  the  Western  Waten  in  the  State  of  New* 

York,  1792. 
Journal  of  Rev.  John  Taylor's  'Missionary  Tear  throogh  tha  Mohawk  and  Blaok  River 

Countries,  in  1802. 
Rectors  of  St.  Peter's  Chareb,A[bany.  - 

Appendix.  •  ^ 

Medals  and  Coins. 
Miscellany. 


,*'*'■ 

1 '  ■* 

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AJ. 

t  Of  Sohokarie, 

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<^  H 


INDEX  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

FORTBAITS  OF  GOV.  CLINTON  ANDLADT, TofiMeUtte. 

(Prom  Plates  loaned  by  Pierre  Van  Coitlandt  Etq.) 
OREAT  SEALS  OF  THE  PROVINCE  FROM  1623  TO  THE  REVOLUTION^. . . .        *1 
I.  Seal  of  New  Netherland.    1623. 

II.  Seal  of  the  Duke  of  York.    1684.  - 

IV.  Seal  of  William  and  Mary.    1691.  ^/^  rl;  ,  a! 

V.  First  Seal  of  Queen  Anne.    1706.  ^   .,      ,    .  .    \.        .■  r 

Second  Seal  of  Queen  Anne.    1710.  . 

Vr.  Seal  of  George  I.    1718.  ■  t  <  i.^ 

VII.  Seal  of  George  II.  •  ; .        »  ,, .  v>>  :i 

Vm.  Seal  of  George  III.    1767. 

VIEW  OF  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  AMSTERDAM,  (now  New-York,) lift 

WILD  ANIMALS  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND, 118 

VIEW  OF  THE  BATTLE  OF  LAKE  GEORGE.  1765, 269 -' 

PORTRAIT  OF  REV.  JOHN  OGILVIE,  D.D.,  formerly  of  St.  Peter's  Church, 

Albany,  and  afterwards  of  Trinity  Ch :  N.  Y., 302 

(from  Plate  loaned  by  the  Vestry  of  Trinity  Ch.) 
TOPOGRAPHICAL  MAP  OF  THE  COUNTRY  AROUND  FORT  STANWIX. 

1768, 526 

PLAN  OF  FORT  STANWIX.  1768, 627 

CHOROGRAPHICAL  MAP  OF  THE  NORTHERN  PART  OF  THE  PROVINCB 
OF  NEW-YORE;  illustrating  the  controversy  between  that  State  and  New 

Hampshire, 680  ,^.. 

PORTRAITS  OF  THE  GOVERNOR,  LIEUT.  GOV.  OF  THE  STATE,  AND 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  ASSEMBLY  OF  N.  Y.,  IN  1798, 1023 

PORTRAITS  OF  THE  SENATORS  OF  THE  STATE  OF  NEW-YORK  IN  1798,    1023 
"  «        MEMBERS  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  ASSEMBLY  IN  1798,    1026 

MAP  OF  THB  COUNTRY  OF  THE  VI  NATIONS  PROPER.  1771, 1090  ' 

PLAN  OP  THE  VILLAGE  OF  BUFFALO  AND  NEW  AMSTERDAM, ' 


i''B 


a  . 


smtAmmMi 


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<rT. 


,.  {TO: 


Jf:- 


",  sw;     .  ■  .  :•;  j«  »  , 

i  ■_■■  ■  .  .    . 

,  ., '..,,..  ..Y  ,''^  '-'■ ' 

:'.    ■  '  /.i>  ■   ■  '■' 


■,   iltr 


iro'i 


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■  ■'■'   '■'■  i<©-  ii,ih:it.   TA-'ISO'   • 

if!  fl^fti  fjib'^  i;^j(^ 

;t.'>irri«'- 

■'  hH^u 

'WSl^.    '■^f'i. 

,-..  j.-nt-rfel 

'•»  iron  hKi  '' 

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...        ^    .. 

.,.^^»,,',,.  ,,,^_J ,., 

't  i.r  '^yp^■^"^  v- 

en  ^^,.L^'.,Jt.-.vf,  ^V. 

'  .n.i.'t  ■*;«» 

'^ 


GflEAT  SEALS  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND  AND  NEW-YORK 


.l.t-'f: 


No.  I.      -        ^v""     •,'■•.■ 

This  is  the  first  public  seal  of  the  Province,  and  is  thus  de- 
scribed: Jlrgent,  a  Beaver,  proper;  Crest^  a  Coronet;  Legend^ 
SiGiLLvM.  Novi.  Belgii.  In  a  paper  by  Van  der  Donck  entitled, 
"  Further  observations  on  the  Petition  of  the  Commonalty  of 
New  Netherland,"  it  is  stated,  that  New  Netherland  was  called  a 
Province,  because  it  was  invested  by  their  High  Mightinesses 
with  the  arms  of  an  Earl.  <  The  engraving  is  copied  J&om  an 
impression  of  the  seal  in  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State.* 
It  was  in  use  until  1664,  and  afterwards,  we  presuoi^e,  under 
Gov.  Colve  in  1673,  4. 


.  J ,.. 


,!•.' 


!i<%  ax  ii  .'^►y; 


II. 


Seal  of  the  Duke  of  York. 
This  is  a  copy  of  the  Royal  arms  of  the  House  of  Stuart 
which  Burke  thus  describes— Quarterly,  first  and  fourth,  France 
and  England  quarterly ;  second,  or,  a  lion  rampant,  within  a 
double  tressure,  flory  counter  flory,  gu.  Scotland  ;  third,  az.  a 
harp,  or,  stringed,  ar.  Ireland.  *  Motto-, ''  Honi.  soit.  qui.  mal.  y 
PENSE."  Legend.,  Sigill.  Provine  Novi.  Eborac.  Crest^  a  Coro- 
net composed  of  crossec  and  fieur  de  lis,  with  one  arch  \  which, 
Burke  adds,  the  Duke  of  York  was  directed  to  use,  by  a  Royal 
Warrant  dated  9th  Feb.  1662.  There  are  several  impressions 
of  this  seal  in  the  first  Vol.  of  Land  Papers,  in  the  Sec'ys  office. 
They  are  incumbent,  but  those  to  the  Patent  of  Renselaerwyck 
(1685,)  and  to  th6  charter  of  the  city  of  Albany  (1686,)  are 
pendant.    The  earliest  impression  in  the  Seo'ys  office  is  to  a 

1  Hoi.  Doo.  IV.  39.  2  Land  PftpMl»  I.  ;/  .,;.,•         , . '. 

8  Bnrke'B  Eneyo.  of  Henldi;.    Boyal  Armoiy.       * 


i    i 


GREAT  SEALS  OF 


patent  dated  20th  August,  1670,  and  from  the  fact  that  the 
patents  issued  by  Governor  NicoUs  are  sealed  only  with  his 
signet,  it  is  inferred  that  the  Great  Seal  now  reproduced  was 
received  in  October,  1669,  at  the  same  time  as  the  seal  presented 
by  Gov.  Lovelace  to  the  city  of  New-York.  •  It  was  in  use  until 
1687,  with  the  exception  of  Colve's  brief  administration  in  1674. 


ai:if0-Ym^U 


III. 


<f  >.s.»i   "i*.*  f.ar.nu  i-ipvinr) 


Seal  of  Jaiaes  II. 
«fe  have  not  been  able  to  find  an  impression  of  this  seal,  the 
Warrant  for  which  bears  date  14th  August,  1687.  It  is  de- 
scribed therein  as  having  "  on  the  one  side  our  Royal  effigies  on 
Horseback  in  Arms  over  a  Landskip  of  Land  and  Sea,  with  a 
Rising  Sun,  and  a  Scrole  containing  this  motto,  Aliusq:  et  Idem. 
And  our  Titles  roimd  the  circumference  of  the  said  Seal ;  There 
being  also  engraven  on  the  other  side  Our  Royal  Arms  with  the 
Garter,  Crown,  Supporters  and  Motto,  with  this  Inscription 
round  y*  Circumference  Sigillum  Pbovinci^  Nostrjb  Novi 
Eboraci  etc.,  in  America."*  Despatches  of  the  above  date 
were  received  in  New  York  on  the  21st  November  following;' 
the  seal  was  in  use,  it  is  supposed,  until  Leisler's  usurpation  in 
June  1689.  '     ll 


.ItiloY'  'i( 


•yn&:nd 


IV. 


M  t\>  .-iA'i'^i 


,<1    tiU'  I 


Seal  of  Kino  William  and  Queen  Ma&t. 
The  warrant  for  this  seal,  which  was  brought  over  by  Gov. 
Sloughter,  bears  date  31  st  May,  1690.*  It  served  as  the  model 
for  all  the  Great  Seals  of  New-York  subsequently  received  from 
England,  and  has,  on  one  side,  the  effigies  of  the  King  and  Queen, 
and  two  Indians  kneeling  offering  as  presents — the  one,  a  roll  of 
Wampum,  tlie  other  a  Beaver  skin.  Around  the  circumference 
are  their  Mjyesties  titles — Gvlielmvs  III.  et  Maria.  II.  Dei. 
Gra.  Mag.  Brit.  Fran.  Hib.  Rex  et  Regina.  Fid.  Def.  On  the 
reverse  are  the  Royal  Arms  with  the  Garter,  Crown,  Supporters 
and  Motto,  and  this  inscription — Sigillvm  Provinc.  Noste.  Nov. 


1  VUontine'8  Manual  of  the  Com.  a«Dn«.  of  N.  T.  for  1849.    843. 

2  Lend  Doc.  V.  139. 

3  Couno.  Min.  V.  213.        ''»'  *| '  "'"  4  »)ok  of  CommisBioia,  Bw'ys  Off.  II.  1«. 


•J. 


£bor.  etc. 
the  same  as 
of  an  escutc 
arms  of  Nas 
It  has  some 
portance  has 
affixed  to  se 
But  the  obje 
account,  mu 
seal  was  not 
half  after  th( 
attached  to  t 
in  the  State 
Mayor  of  Al 

The?e  wer 

1.  The  fir 
1705,'  was 
received  on  ( 
Mary  was  def 
one  side  are 
tokens  of  sub 
Gra.  Mag.  I 
reverse,  the 
escutcheon  ol 
King — with 
Inscription,  ^ 
America.     ^ 
from  the  Sea! 
and  others  f 
1708. 

2.  The  Ui 
dering  a  new 
October,  170 

1  Lond.  Doc.  X 
3  Counc.  Min. '. 


I 


t,i«»v, 


NEW  NETHERLAND  AND  NEW-YORK.  *3 

£bor.  ETC.  IN  America.  These  arms  are,  it  will  be  remarked, 
the  same  as  those  on  the  Stuart  seal,  with  the  additiifi,  however, 
of  an  escutcheon  of  pretence,  containing  a  Lion  rampant,  for  the 
arms  of  Nassau,  of  which  house  King  William  was  a  member. 
It  has  some  other  peculiarities  worthy  of  attention.  Much  im- 
portance has  been  attached  to  this  seal  from  the  fact  that  it  was 
affixed  to  several  patents  in  this  country  after  the  King's  death. 
But  the  objections  made  to  the  validity  of  those  patents,  on  that 
account,  must  disappear  when  the  fact  is  understood,  that  this 
seal  was  not  superseded  until  Sept.,  1705 — three  years  and  a 
half  after  the  King's  demise.  Tlie  engraving  is  from  the  Seal 
attached  to  the  original  Charter  of  Trinity  Church,  N.  Y.,  1697, 
in  the  State  Lib.,  and  to  the  Commission  of  Johannis  Abeel, 
Mayor  of  Albany,  1694,  in  the  Albany  Institute. 


•;  .fhii  m 


j?!iiiU!''>n 


MJifTu   f ,! 


nU}  •>:;?  uO     '->biifV  %^  i/s^^ 'V  i 

,  ■ ';.?M^r!-;  ;|ui'j'>f!'V»/   Seal  OF  Queen  Anne. 

The^e  were  two  Great  Seals  for  the  Province  in  this  reign. 

1.  The  first,  the  warrant  for  which  bears  date  the  3d  May, 
1705,'  was  brought  out  by  Col.  Nott,  of  Virginia,"  and  was 
received  on  6th  September  following  when  that  of  William  and 
Mary  was  defaced, ^  and  sent  back  to  England  broken.*  On  the 
one  side  are  the  Queen's  effigy  and  the  Indians  offering  their 
tokens  of  submission,  as  belbre,  with  the  Royal  titles  Anna.  Dei. 
Gra.  Mag.  Bkit.  Fran.,  et.  Hib.  Regina.  Fid.  Defen.  On  the 
reverse,  the  Stuart  arms  as  already  described,  (see  II.) — ^the 
escutcheon  of  Nassau  having  been  removed  on  the  death  of  the 
King — with  Crown,  Garter,  Supporters  and  Motto,  and  this 
Inscription,  Sigillvm,  PROviNciiE.  Nostra.  Novi.  Eboraci.  in. 
America.  Motto — Semper  Eadem.  The  Engraving  is  copied 
from  the  Seal  in  the  State  Library  to  a  Patent  of  Anne  Bridges 
and  others  for  a  tract  in  Westchester  Co.,  dated  25th  Sept., 
1708. 

2.  Tlie  Union  between  England  and  Scotland,  in  1706,  ren- 
dering a  new  Seal  requisite,  a  second  one  was  ordered  on  29th 
October,  1709,  and  received  on  the  arrival  of  Gov.  Hunter,  14th 


1  Lond.  Doo.  XVI.  183. 
3  Counc.  Min.  IX.  663. 


2  Ibid  XVI.  275. 

4  Lond.  Doc.  XVI.  311. 


«• 


f    « 


■    >■    ■ 
t  t. 


GREAT  SEALS  OF 


I'i.  It 


,1 


June,  1710,  when  that  of  1705  was  broken.'  The  Queen's 
effigy,  the  Indians  with  the  Royal  titles,  are  the  same  as  on 
the  first  seal  j  on  the  reverse,  the  Royal  arms,  now  changed  in 
consequence  of  the  Union ;  on  the  first  and  fourth  quarters, 
England  empales  Scotland ;  on  the  second  are  the  lilies  of 
Prance  J  on  the  third  tlie  Harp  for  Ireland,  andr  the  former 
Motto,  Sempcqr  Eadem.  Around  the  circumference  is  the 
insoriptioh  Sigillvm.  Provincije.  Nostrje.  Novi.  Eboraci.  in. 
America.  This  seal  was  not  superseded  until  July  1718,  four 
years  after  the  Queen's  death.  * 


VI, 


^)>^iii 


*■  Seal  of  George  I.  \ 

This  seal  was  ordered  8th  Octob.  1717,  and  received  "  by 
Hopkins"  on  Ist  July,  1718,  when  that  of  Queen  Anne  was 
broken,"  and  returned  to  the  Board  of  Trade.'  On  the  one 
side  are,  the  efiigy  of  his  Majesty,  two  Indians  offering  presents ; 
and  arojund  th<^  circumference  the  royal  titles — Georgivs.  D.  G. 
•^  Mag.  Brit.  Fran.  et.  Hib.  Rex.  Brvn.  et.  Lvn.  Dvx.  Sa.  Ro. 
Im.  Arc.  Thes.  et.  Prin.  Elec.  On  the  reverse,  the  royal 
arms.  Garter,  Crown,  Suppoi'tei-s  and  Motto,  and  this  inscription, 
Sigillvm.  Proyinci^.  NosTRiE.  Novi.  Eboraci  in.  America.  The 
"  Semper  Eadem"  of  the  last  seal  is  replaced  by  Dieu  et  Mon 
Droit;  and  on  tlie  escutclieon  we  have,  first,  the  arms  of  Eng- 
land empaling  those  of  Scotland ;  second  France ;  third  Ireland  j 
fourth  gu.  two  lions  passant  guard,  in  pale  or,  for  Brunswick  ; 
impaling,  or,  sem^e  of  hearts  gu.  a  lion  ramp.  az.  for  Lunen- 
burgh,  on  a  point  in  point  gu.  a  horse  courant  ar.  for  Saxony; 
on  &e  centre  of  the  fourth  quarter  an  escutcheon  gu.  charged 
with  the  Crown  of  Charlemagne,  or,  as  Arch-treasurer  of  the 
Holy  Roman  Empire.  *  *  ;  ^r\i1 

VII.  'te-i-^Ji    i-''{    :#J«f''^'    hilf;. 

"*     Seal  OF  George  II.  -^"^  ' 

This  Seal  is  a  finer  specimen  of  the  arts  than  the  last,  and 
exhibits  a  progressive  cliange  in  tlie  dress  and  drapery  of  the 
principal  figure.    The  kneeling  Squaw  is  introduced  here  for  the 


B 


1  Connc.  Min.  X.  519. 
3  Lond.  Doc.  XXI.  44. 


2  Ibid.  XI.  495,  497,  498. 

4  Burke's  Encyolop.  of  Heraldry. 


*. 


>  ••*. 


^^1 


4^  MEW  NETHERLAND  AND  1(EW-Y0RK. 


•6 


first  time  nude^  and  great  care  is  bestowed  in  delineating  the 
skin  she  offers,  in  wliioh  we  can  almost  trace  tlie  petfect  outline 
of  t lie  aniitaal  to  which  it  belonged.  There  is  another  impsove- 
megpt  wortliy  of  remark — the  inscriptions  on  this  and  'the  hext 
seal  are  ou  the  sides  opposite  to  those  they  heretofore  occupied, 
The  words  ".Sx©in.vM.  Provincije.  Nostrje.  Novi.  Eboraci.  in. 
America,"  are  appropriately  on  the  side  representing  American 
gifts  :  wliilst  the  Royal  titles — "  Georgius.  II.  D.  G.  Mag.  Bai. 
Fr.  et.  HiB.  Rex.  T.  D.  Brun.  et.  Lun.  Dux.  S.  R.  I.  Arc.  Th.  ex. 
Pr.  El."  surround  the  Royal  arms  on  the  reverse  side.  Tliese 
arms  are  the  same  as  those  last  described,  but  their  design  and 
finisli  are  immensely  Superior.  This  engraving  is,  also,  from 
an  iqiil^ssion  in  the  State  jUbrary. 


VIII.  '; 

Seal  of  George  III.  ^« 

The  warrant  for  this  seal  bears  date  9th  July,  1767;  it  was 
received  on  the  following  3d  October'  (seven  years  a^r  the 
death  of  Geo.  11.,)  and  the  preceding  seal  was  returned  to  the 
Colonial  office.  The  principal  side,  where  the  Indians  are 
offering  their  gifts  to  tlie  King,  is  surrounded  by  the  inscription 
"SiGiLLUM.  Provincije.  Nostr^s:.  Novi.  Eboraci.  in  America;"  on 
the  reverse  are  the  Royal  arms  (as  last  described,)  with  the 
royal  titles — Geokgius  III.  D.  G.  Mag.  Bri.  Fr.  et  Hib.  Rex. 
F.  D.  Brun.  et.  Lun.  Dux.  S.  R.  I.  Ar.  Thes.  et  El  This  was 
the  Great  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New- York  down  to  the 
Revolution. 


J!**s' 


1  Coone.  Min.  XXVI.  106.' 


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JOURNAL 


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[Traiulated  from  Hoi.  Doo.  III.] 


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New  Neth: 
^nd  peopled  1 
northern  par 
bounds  them 
The  Ocean  is 
coast,  very  an 
the  rivers  few 
inclining  to  ( 
four  seasons  oJ 
lands  the  diffe: 
later,  the  Sura 
the  Harvest  i 
liable  to  muich 
in  Winter  and 
common;  tlie 
blows  across  tl 
The  S.  W.  is  c 
the  Warm  cou 
for  similar  reas 
that  of  France 
broken  along  t 
farther  in  the  i 
hibiting  great 
great  number 
some  Lofty  on 
fertility  falls  be 
cleanness  of  fru 
to  wit :  the  Fk 
reasonably  wid< 


•  ♦ 


*>. 


w 


JOURNAL  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND. 

6nef  Description   of  J^ew  J^Tetherland. 

New  Netherland  (so  called  because  it  was  first  frequented 
^nd  peopled  by  free  Netherlanders)  is  a  province  in  the  most 
northern  part  of  America  lying  between  N.  England  (which 
bounds  them  on  the  N.  E.  side)  and  Virginia  lying  to  the  S.  W. 
The  Ocean  is  confined  along  its  whole  length  by  a  clean  sandy 
coast,  very  similar  to  that  of  Flanders  or  Holland,  having  except 
tlie  rivers  few  bays  or  Harbors  for  ships,  the  air  is  very  temperate, 
inclining  to  dryness,  healthy,  little  subject  to  sickness.  The 
four  seasons  of  the  year  are  about  as  in  France,  or  the  Nether- 
lands the  difference  is,  the  Spring  is  shorter  because  it  begins 
later,  the  Summer  is  warmer  because  it  comes  on  more  suddenly, 
the  Harvest  is  long  and  very  pleasant,  the  Winter  cold  and 
liable  to  mijch  snow  j  two  winds  ordinarily  prevail :  the  N.  W. 
in  Winter  and  the  S.  W.  in  Summer  ;  the  other  winds  are  not 
common;  the  N.  W.  corresponds  with  our  N.  E.  because  it 
blows  across  the  country  from  the  cold  point  as  our  N.  E.  does. 
The  S.  W.  is  dry  and  hot  like  our  S.  E.  because  it  comes-  from 
the  Warm  countries  ;  the  N.  E.  is  cold  and  wet  like  our  S.  W. 
for  similar  reasons.  The  character  of  the  country  is  very  like 
that  of  France  ;  the  land  is  reasonably  hilly  and  level.  To  wit, 
broken  along  the  coast  by  small  Rocky  hills  unfit  for  agriculture; 
farther  in  the  interior  are  pretty  high  Mountains  (generally  ex- 
hibiting great  appearance  of  minerals)  between  which  flow  a 
great  number  of  Small  Rivers,  in  some  places  there  are  even 
some  Lofty  ones  of  Extraordinary  Height,  but  not  many ;  its 
fertility  falls  behind  no  province  in  Europe  in  excellence  as  in 
cleanness  of  fruits  and  seeds.  There  are  three  principal  rivers, 
to  wit:  the  Fresh, 'the  Mauritius"  and  the  South »  River  all  three 
reasonably  wide  and  deep,  adapted  for  the  navifjation  of  large  ^ 

1  Connecticut.    2  Hudson.    3  Delaware. 


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X 


JOURNAL  OF  NEW   NETHEBLANO. 


n 


ships  twenty  five  miles  up'  and  of  common  barlcs  even  to  the 
falls,  from  the  river  Mauritius  off  tA  beyond  the  Fresh  river 
stretches  a  Canal  tliat  forms  an  Island,  forty  miles  long,  called 
Long  Island,  which  is  the  ordinary  passage  from  N.  Erfgland  to 
Virginia  having  on  both  sides  many  harbours  to  anchor  in  so 
that  people  make  no  difficulty  about  navigating  it  in  winter. 
The  Country  is  generally  covered  with  trees,  except  A  few  valleys 
and  some  large  Flats  of  Seven  or  Eight  miles  and  less  ;  the  trees 
are  as  in  Europe — viz.  Oak,  Hickory,  Chestnut,  Vines.  The 
animals  are  also  of  the  same  species  as  ours,  except  Lions  and 
some  other  sti-ange  beasts,  many  Bears,  abundance  of  Wolves 
which  harm  nobody  but  the  small  cattle,  Elks  and  Deer  in 
abundance,  Foxes,  Beavers,  Otters,  Minx  and  such  like.  The 
birds,  which  are  natural  to  the  Country  are  Turkeys  like  ours, 
Swans,  Geese  of  three  sorts,  Ducks,  Teals,  Cranes,  Herons,  Bit- 
terns, two  sorts  of  Heath  fowls  or  Pheasants.  The  River  fish  is 
like  that  of  Eui'ope,  viz.  Carp,  Sturgeon,  Salmon,  Pike,  Perch, 
Roach,  Eel,  &c — In  the  Salt  waters  are  found  Codfish,  Shellfish, 
Herring  and  so  forth,  also  abundance  of  oysters  and  muscles. 

The  Indians  are  of  ordinary  stature,  Strong  and  broad 
shouldered  ;  olive  color,  light  and  nimble  of  foot,  subtle  in  dis- 
position, of  few  words  which  tliey  previously  well  consider, 
hypocritical,  treacherous,  vindictive  ;  brave  and  obstinate  in 
self  defence,  in  time  of  need  right  resolute  to  die.  They  seem  to 
despise  all  the  torments  that  can  be  inflicted  on  them  without 
once  uttering  a  sigh — go  almost  naked  except  a  lap  which  hangs 
before  their  nakedness,  and  on  the  shoulders  a  deer  skin  or  a 
mantle,  a  fathom  square  of  woven  Turkey  feathers  or  peltries 
sewed  together,  they  make  use  now  greatly  of  Duffels,  Cloths 
Blue  or  Red,  in  consequence  of  the  frequent  visits  of  the 
Christians.  In  winter  they  make  shoes  of  Deer  Skins,  manufac- 
tured after  their  fasliion.  Except  their  chiefs,  they  have 
generally  but  one  wife  whom  they  frequently  change  according 
to  caprice ;  she  must  do  all  the  work,  as  well  corn  planting  as 
wood  cutting  and  whatever  else  is  to  be  done.  They  are  divided 
into  various  nations.    Tliey  differ  even  in  Language,  which 

1  Dutch  nulea  one  of  which  is  equal  to  three  English :  Tr.    . 


would  b6  altogeth* 
They  dwell  togeth 
commands  a  chief 
possessing  not  mu< 
their  dances  and 
knowledge  of  God, 
Strongest  does  wk 
Their  weapons  are 
are  Wonderful  adej 
addition  to  maize  v 

By  Whom  ar 

Tiie  subjects  of  tl 
Couhtiy  a  long  timt 
Since  the  year  16S 
caused  four  Forts  t( 
River  Mauritius  a 
biggest  stands  on  th 
the  other  mention* 
Amsterdam  j  and  si 
Orange  that  on  tlie 
River,  the  Good 
maintained  garrison] 
sent  a  certain  numb^ 
three  Sawmills  erecti 
quence,  on  account  ( 
was  expended  for  tlj 
began  to  be  settled 
Indians,  inasmuch 
there  longer  than  ti 
fore  did  not  apply 
Colonie  of  RenselaeJ 
as  it  [the  trade]  wa 
under  the  Companyl 
formed  plantationsr 
seeking  the  best  Ian) 
to  trade  with  them  f 


t« 


jrjOUaNAL  OF   NEW    NETIIERLAMD. 


I  % 


would  be  altogether  too  long  to  be  narrated  in  this  short  space. 
They  dwell  together  mostly  frain  friendship,  in  tribes  over  which 
commands  a  chief  who  is  General  and  is  generally  called  Sackema 
possessing  not  mucli  authority  and  little  advantage,  Unless  in 
their  dances  and  other  ceremonies.  They  have  hardly  any 
knowledge  of  God,  no  Divine  Worsliip,  no  Law,  no  Justice,  the 
Strongest  does  what  he  pleases  and  the  Youths  are  master. 
Their  weapons  are  the  Bow  and  Arrow,  in  the  use  of  which  they 
are  Wonderful  adepts.  They  live  by  Hunting  and  Fishing  in 
addition  to  maize  wliich  the  Women  Plant. 

By  Who7n  and  How  JVew  JVetherland  was  peopled.  . 

Tlie  subjects  of  the  Lords  States  General  had  frequented  this 
Couhtry  a  long  time  ago  solely  for  the  purpose  of  the  fui*  trade. 
Since  the  year  1623  the  Incorporated  West  India  Company 
caused  four  Forts  to  be  ei'ected  in  that  Country — Two  on  the 
River  Mauritius  and  one  on  each  of  the  other  [rivers]  j  the 
biggest  stands  on  the  Point  formed  by  the  Mauritius  river  and 
tlie  other  mentioned  heretofore ;  their  Honors  named  it  New 
Amsterdam  ;  and  siK  and  thirty  miles  upwards  another  caUed 
Orange  that  on  tiie  South  river  is  Nassaw  and  that  on  Fresh 
River,  tlie  Good  Hope,  the  Company  hath  since  continually 
naintaiued  garrisons  tiiere  ;  In  the  beginning  their  Honors  had 
sent  a  certain  number  ot  Settlers  thither,  and  at  great  expense  had 
three  Sawmills  erected,  which  never  realised  any  Profit  of  conse- 
quence, on  account  of  their  great  charge,  and  a  great  deal  of  money 
was  expended  for  the  advancement  of  the  country,  but  it  never 
b^an  to  be  settled  until  every  one  had  liberty  to  trade  with  the 
Indians,  inasmuch  as  up  to  tliis  time  no  one  calculated  to  remain 
there  longer  than  the  expiration  of  his  bounden  time,  and  thei^<t)- 
fore  did  not  apply  themselves  to  Agriculture.  Yea,  even  the 
Colonie  of  Renselaerwyck  was  of  little  consequence  but  as  soon 
as  it  [the  trade]  was  opened,  many  Servants,  who  had  prospered 
under  the  Company,  applied  for  their  discharge,  built  houses  and 
formed  plantations,  spread  themselves  broad  and  wide.  Each 
seeking  the  best  land,  and  to  be  nearest  the  Indians  in  order  thus 
to  trade  with  them  advantageously,  others  bought  Barks  with 


)       *. 


^'-, 


..I  •■'■ 


1 


r:   ' 


■^ 


« ■ 


i\  •* 


|iii'l . 


6         % 


JOURNAL  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND. 


U-.  ■  4 


which  to  trade  goods  at  the  North  and  at  the  South,  and  as  the 
Lords  Directors  gave  free  passage  from  Holland  thither,  tliatalso 
caused  many  to  come  :  On  the  other  hand,  the  English  came 
both  from  Virginia  and  N.  England.  Firstly,  divers  Servants, 
whose  time  with  their  masters  had  expired,  on  account  of  the 
good  opportunity  to  plant  Tobacco  here — afterwards  Families 
and  finally  entire  Colonies,  forced  to  quit  that  place  both  to  enjoy 
freedom  of  conscience  and  to  escape  from  the  Insupportable 
Government  of  N  England  and  because  many  more  commodities 
were  easier  to  be  obtained  here  than  there,  so  that  in  place  of 
Seven  Bouweries  and  Two  @  three  plantations  which  were  here, 
men  saw  thirty  Bouweries^  as  well  cultivated  and  stocked  as  in 
Europe.  A  Hundred  Plantations  whicli  in  Two  or  three  [years] 
would  become  regular  Bouweries.  For  after  the  Tobacco  was 
out  the  ground,  Corn  Was  planted  there  without  ploughing.  In 
winter  men  were  busy  preparing  new  lands.  Five  English 
Colonies  which  by  Charter  had  [settled]  under  us  on  equal  tierms 
as  the  others.  Each  of  these  was  in  appearance  not  less  than  a 
hundred  families  strong,  exclusive  of  the  Colonic  of  Rensselaers 
Wyck  which  is  prospering,  with  that  of  Myndert  Meyndertsz 
and  Cornells  Molyn,  wlio  began  first,  Also,  the  Village  {Vleck) 
N.  Amsterdam  around  the  Ibrt,  a  Hundred  families,  so  that  there 
was  appearance  of  producing  supplies  in  a  year  for  Fourteen 
thousand  Souls,  without  straining  the  Country,  and  were  there 
no  want  of  laborers  or  Farm  servants  twice  as  much  could  be 
raised,  considering  that  fifty  lasts  of  Rye  and  fifty  lasts  of  Peas 
still  remained  over  around  tlie  fort  after  a  large  quantity  had 
been  burnt  and  destroyed  by  the  Indians,  Who  in  a  short  time 
quickly  brought  this  Country  to  nought  and  had  well  nigh 
destroyed  this  good  hope.  In  manner  following — 

The,  Came  of  the  JVeto  JSTetherland  War  and  the  Sequel  thereof. 

We  have  already  stated  that  the  cause  of  the  population  of  N. 
Netherland  was  the  Liberty  to  trade  -vith  the  Indians.  We  shall 
now  prove  that  it  also  is  the  cause  of  ils  ruin,  producing  two 
contrary  elfects,  and  that  not  without  reason  as  shall  appear  from 
the  following. 


1  "Eendracht 


..(       • 


•<  JOURNAL   OF  NEW   NETHERLAITD. 


f^7 


This  Liberty  then  which  in  every  respect  was  most  gratefully 
received,  of  which  use  should  have  been  made  as  of  a  precious 
gift,  was  very  soon  perverted  to  a  great  abuse.  For  Every  one 
thought  that  now  the  time  had  come  to  make  his  fortune,  with- 
drew himself  from  his  Comrade,  as  if  deeming  him  suspected  and 
the  Enemy  of  his  Desire,  Sought  communication  with  the  Indians 
from  whom  it  appeared  his  profit  was  to  be  derived.  That 
created  first  a  division  of  power  of  dangerous  consequence,  in 
opposition  to  their  Mightinesses'  Motto' — produced  altogether 
too  much  familiarity  with  the  Indians  which  in  a  short  time 
brought  forth  contempt,  usually  the  Father  of  Hate — not  being 
satisfied  with  merely  taking  them  into  their  houses  in  the  cus- 
tomary manner,  but  attracting  them  by  Extraordinary  attention, 
such  as  admitting  them  to  the  table,  laying  napkins  before  them, 
presenting  Wine  to  them  and  more  of  that  kind  of  thing,  which 
they  did  not  receive  like  Esop'sman,  but  as  their  due  and  desert, 
insomuch  that  they  were  not  content  but  began  to  hate  when 
such  civilities  were  not  shewn  them.  To  this  familiarity  and 
freedom  succeeded  another  Evil.  As  the  Cattle  usually  roamed 
tlirough  the  Woods  without  a  Herdsman,  they  frequently  came 
into  the  Corn  of  the  Indians  which  was  unfenced  on  all  sides, 
committing  great  damage  there  ;  this  led  to  frequent  complaints 
on  their  part  and  finally  to  revenge  on  the  Cattle  without  sparing 
even  the  horses,  wliich  were  valuable  in  this  Country.  More- 
over many  of  oiir's  took  the  Indians  into  service,  making  use  in 
their  houses  of  those  in  their  employ.  Thus  laying  before  them 
our  entire  circumstances,  and  sometimes  becoming  weary  of  their 
work,  they  took  leg-bail  and  stole  much  more  than  the  amount 
of  their  wages.  This  freedom  caused  still  greater  mischief,  for 
the  inhabitants  of  Rensselaerw/ck  who  were  as  many  traders  as 
persons.  Perceiving  that  the  Mohawks  were  craving  for  guns, 
which  some  of  them  had  already  received  from  the  English,  pay- 
ing for  each  as  many  as  Twenty  Beavers  and  for  a  pound  of 
powder  as  much  as  Ten  to  Twelve  guilders,  they  came  down  in 
greater  numbers  than  was  their  wont  where  people  were  well 
supplied  with  Guns,  purchasing  these  at  a  fair  price,  thus  realizing 


h  « 


-i; 


■  *f;;%'  '- 


•    i 


li.:. 


[{:.  I     -^'"l 


1  "  Eendracht  mankt  mAcht"  -Union  constitates  Strength.    Tr. 


8        % 


JOURKAL  OF  NEW  NETHGBLAND. 


&;■■:    •  !. 


Irr; 


considerable  profit ;  afterwards  they  obtained  some  from  their 

Heer  Patroon  for  their  self  defence  in  time  of  need,  as  we  suppose. 

This  extraordinary  gain  was  not  kept  long  a  secret,  the  traders 

coming  from  Holland  soon  got  scent  of  it,  and  from  time  to  time 

brought  over  great  quantities,  so  that  the  Mohawks  in  a  short 

time  were  seen  with  firelocks  powder  and  lead  in  proportion. 

Four  Hundred  armed  men  knew  how  to  use  their  advantage, 

especially  against  their  enemies  dwelling  along  the  river  of 

Canada,  against  whom  they  have  now  achieved  many  profitable 

forays  where  before  they  derived  little  advantage ;  this  causes 

them  also  to  be  respected  by  the  surrounding  Indians  even  as  far 

as  tlie  Sea  Coast,  who  must  generally  pay  them  tribute,  whereas, 

on  the  contrary,  they  were  formerly  obliged  to  contribute  to 

these,  on  this  account  the  Indians  endeavored  no  less  to  procure 

Guns,  and  through  the  familiarity  which  existed  between  them 

and  our  people,  they  began  to  Solicit  them  for  Guns  and  powder, 

but  as  such  was  forbidden  on  pain  of  Death  and  it  could  not 

remain  secret  in  consequence  of  the  general  conversation,  they 

could  not  obtain  them.     This  added  to  the  previous  contempt 

greatly  augmented  the  hatred  which  stimulated  them  to  conspire 

against  us,  beginning  first  by  insults  which  they  every  where 

indiscreetly  uttered  railing  at  us  as  Materiotty  (that  is  to  say) 

the   Cowards — that  we  might  indeed,  be  something  on  water, 

but  of  no  account  on  land,  and  that  we  had  neither  a  great  Sachem 

nor  Chiefs. 

[Here  two  pages  are  wanting.^  -  *  ' 

he  of  Witqueschreek  living  N.  E.  of  the  Island  Manhatans,' 
perpetrated  another  murderous  deed  in  the  house  of  an  old  man" 
a  wheelwright,  with  whom  he  was  acquainted  (having  been  in 
his  son's  service)  being  well  received  and  supplied  with  food, 
pretending  a  desire  to  buy  sod  ^thing  and  whilst  the  old  man  was 
taking  from  the  Chest  the  Cloth  the  Indian  wanted  the  latter 
took  up  an  ax  and  cut  his  head  off,  further  plundering  the  house 
and  ran  away.  This  outrage  obliged  the  Director  to  demand 
Satisfaction  from  the  Sachem  who  refused  it,  saying,  that  he  was 
sorry  that  twenty  Christians  had  not  been  murdered*  and  that 

1  In  Westchester  county — Tr.    2  Named  Claes  Cornells  Swits. 
*  Note  Jl.    Capt.  Patricx  letter  21.  August  1641. 


this  Indiar 

been  slain 

all  the  Con 

sider  this  j 

delegated  J 

resolved  at 

the  attack  s 

were  huutii 

kindness  to 

sought  for  b 

The  time 

were  postpoj 

avenge  the  p 

Indians  who 

men  were  del 

Dyck  and  sen 

in  the  neighb( 

sequence  oft] 

patient,  and  ti 

The  journey, ; 

who  remarked 

they  had  narr< 

was  granted  tli 

up  the  murdere 

but  without  an 

Some  weeks , 

bay '  came  here 

Indian  Villages - 

the  English  and 

Indians  attempt* 

Director  or  to  in 

afterwards  made 

Hackingsack,  ot] 

bours  killed  an  I 

*  NoteB.    Their « 
1  Narragansetts. 
t  Note  C,    The  En 
t  Note  D.    Capt.  P 


JOURNAL  OF   NEW   NETHERLAND. 


9 


*  Note  B.    Their  answer  and  resolution  d^ted  tho  29th  August,  1041. 
1  Narraganfietts.  ,  .  • 

\  NoteC.    The  English  Manifest,  PagiB  2.  ;;,i      1:«o..* 

tNoteD.    Capt.  Patrlcx  letter  dated  2  J*n'y,  1642.         r      '      .     *  r/    : 


*  '  : 

^^11 

'■    ■  ♦ 
• 

• .  ■  ^' 

r                               ► 

» ( '  .+1 


this  Indian  had  only  avenged  the  death  of  his  Uncle  who  had 
been  slain  over  one  and  twen  'y  yjars  by  the  Dutch.  Whereupon 
aU  the  Commonalty  were  called  together  by  the  Director  to  con- 
sider this  aflfair,  who  all  appeared  and  presently  twelve  men 
delegated  from  among  them*  answered  the  propositions,  and 
resolved  at  once  on  war  should  the  murderer  be  refused  j  that 
the  attack  should  be  made  on  them  in  the  harvest  when  they 
were  hunting  ;  meanwhile  an  effort  should  be  again  made  by 
kindness  to  obtain  justice,  which  was  accordingly  several  times 
sought  for  but  in  vain.      ,,.,;  .  ..  .,,     b^^ni-  n    i.;:.^-r 

The  time  being  come  many  obstacles  arose  and  operations 
were  postponed  until  the  year  1642,  when  it  was  resolved  to 
avenge  the  perpetrated  outrage.  Thereupon  spies  looked  up  the 
Indians  who  lay  in  their  Village  suspecting  nothing,  and  eighty 
men  were  detailed  under  the  command  of  Ensign  Hendrick  Van 
Dyck  and  sent  tliither.  The  guide  being  come  with  the  troops 
in  the  neighborhood  of  the  Indirn  Wigwams  lost  his  way  in  con- 
sequence of  the  darkness  of  the  night.  The  Ensign  became  im- 
patient, and  turned  back  without  having  accomplished  any  thing. 
The  journey,  however,  was  not  without  effect,  for  the  Indians 
who  remarked  by  the  trail  made  by  our  people  in  marching  that 
they  had  narrowly  escaped  discovery,  sought  for  peace  which 
was  granted  them  on  condition  tliat  they  should  either  deliver 
up  the  murderer  or  inflict  justice  themselves  j  this  they  promised 
but  without  any  result. 

Some  weeks  after  this  Miautenimo,  principal  Sachem  of  Sloops 
bay  >  came  here  with  one  hundred  men,  passing  through  all  the 
Indian  Villagesf  soliciting  them  to  a  general  War  against  both 
the  English  and  the  Dutch,J  whereupon  some  of  the  neighbouring 
Indians  attempted  to  set  our  powder  on  fire  and  to  poison  the 
Director  or  to  inchant  him  by  their  devilry,  as  their  ill  will  was 
afterwards  made  manifest  as  well  in  fact  as  by  report.  Those  of 
Hackingsack,  otherwise  called  Aohter  Col,  had,  with  their  neigh- 
bours killed  an  Englishman,  a  servant  of  one  David  Pietersen, 


4 

.1      ' 


t 


;f"         ' 


4  »>  : 


*      9 


RjfU     ^ 

1       1-', 


10 


JOURNAL  OF   NKW   NETHERLAND. 


I' I   !i 


and  a  few  days  after  shot  dead  in  an  equally  treacherous  manner 
a  Dutcliniau,  wlio  sat-roofiiig  a  house  in  theColonie  of  Meyndert 
Meyndertz*  having  settled  there  against  the  advice  of  the  Director 
and  will  of  the  Indians,  and  by  the  continual  damage  which  their 
cattle  committed  caused  no  little  dissatisfaction  to  the  Indians, 
and  contributed  greatly  to  the  War.  The  Commonalty  began 
then  to  be  alarmed,  and  not  without  reason,  having  the  Indians 
daily  in  their  houses.  The  murderers  were  frequently  demanded, 
either  living  or  deadj  even  with  a  promise  of  reward ;  they 
always  returned  a  scoffing  answer  laughing  at  us.  Finally,  the 
Commonalty  seriously  distrusting  the  Director,  suspecting  him 
of  conniving  with  the  Indians,  and  that  an  attempt  was  making 
to  sell  Christian  blood  ;t  yep,  that  the  will  of  the  entire  Com- 
monalty was  surrendered  to  him,  and  in  as  much  as  he  would 
not  avenge  blood  they  should  do  it,  be  the  consequences  what  they 
may.  The  Director  advised  Pacham  the  Sachem,  who  interested 
himself  in  this  matter,  warning  liim  that  we  should  wait  no 
longer  inasmuch  as  n'>  satisfaction  had  been  given. 

Meanwliile  God  wreaked  vengeance  on  those  of  Witquescheck 
without  our  knowledge  through  the  Mahicanders  dwelling  below 
Fort  Orange,  who  slew  seventeen  of  of  them,  and  made  prisoners 
of  many  "Women  and  Children,  the  remainder  fled  through  a 
deep  snow  to  the  Christians'  houses  on  and  around  the  Island 
Manhatens.  They  were  most  humanely  received  being  half  dead 
of  cold  and  hunger  ;  they  supported  them  for  fourteen  days,  even 
some  of  the  Director's  corn  was  sent  to  them.  A  short  time  after, 
another  panic  seized  the  Indians  which  caused  them  to  fly  to 
divers  places  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Dutch.  This  opportunity  to 
avenge  innocent  blood,  induced  some  of  the  twelve  men  to  re- 
present to  the  Director  that  it  was  now  time,  whereupon  they 
received  for  answer  that  they  should  put  their  request  in  writing 
which  was  done  by  three  in  the  name  of  them  all,J  by  a  petition 
to  be  allowed  to  attack  those  of  Hackingsack  in  two  divisions — 
on  the  Manhatens  and  on  Pavonia.  This  was  granted  after  a 
protracted  discussion  too  long  to  be  reported  here,  so  that  the 

*  NoU  E.    The  order  in  the  Director's  letter  and  in  the  deposition  thereupon. 

t  Note  F.    Resolve  of  the  12  delegates  dated  21  Jan*y,  1M2. 

t  Note  G.    Their  Petition  dated  24th  Feb.  1648.  <^  »WA  t 


JOUI 

Design  was  executed 
who  lay  a  small  mile 
Pavonia,  at  which  tw 
and  thirty  taken  pris( 
the  troops  a  man  and 
come  through  curiosi 
the  soldiers  had  rescv 
her  arms. 

The  Cliristians  resi 
tion*  to  be  allowed  tc 
which  was  refused,  aj 
shewed  us  every  friei 
some  of  the  Raritan 
Yet,  notwithstandingi 
two  waggons  to  steal 
oeiving  endeavored  tc 
(dead,  two  houses  stan 
with  set  on  fire.  TIm 
once  some  persons  t 
shewing  themselves  a 
are  mere  corn  stei 
induced  one  of  the  pi 
therewith  one  Maryn 
freemen  in  the  attack 
by  an  English  troop 
Expeditions  in  the  op 
accused  him,  he  beii 
determined  to  reveng 
ceeded  to  the  Direct© 
cocked,  and  a  hangej 
Director's  room,  he 
devilish  lies  art  thou  r< 
one  of  the  bystanders 
A  short  time  after,  M 

1  At  Corker's  Hook.  1 
•  Note  H.  Their  petitio 
t  Note  I.  Contains  the 
t  Note  K.    His  trial  the 


JOURNAL  OF  NEW  NETHESLAND. 


Design  was  executed  that  same  night,  the  Burghers  slew  those 
who  lay  a  small  mile  from  the  fort,  >  and  the  soldiers  those  at 
Pavonia,  at  which  two  places  about  Eighty  Indians  were  killed 
and  thirty  taken  prisoners.  Next  morning  before  the  return  of 
the  troops  a  man  and  a  woman  were  shot  at  Pavonia  who  had 
come  through  curiosity  either  to  look  at,  or  plunder,  the  dead ; 
the  soldiers  had  rescued  a  young  child  which  the  woman  had  in 
her  arms. 

The  Christians  residing  on  Long  Island  also  requested  by  peti- 
tion* to  be  allowed  to  attack  and  slay  the  Indians  thereabout ; 
which  was  refused,  as  these  especially  had  done  us  no  harm,  and 
shewed  us  every  friendship — (Yea,  had  even  voluntarily  Killed 
some  of  the  Raritans,  our  enemies,  hereinbefore  mentioned) 
Yet,  notwithstanding!  some  Christians  attempted  secretly  with 
two  waggons  to  steal  maize  from  these  Indians  which  they  per- 
ceiving endeavored  to  prevent,  thereupon  three  Indians  were  shot 
(dead,  two  houses  standing  opposite  the  fort  were  in  return  forth- 
with set  on  fire.  The  Director  knowing  nought  of  this  sent  at 
once  some  persons  to  enquire  the  reason  of  it.  The  Indians . 
shewing  themselves  afar  off',  called  out — Be  ye  our  friends  1  ye 
are  mere  corn  stealers — making  them  als  ■  parties.  This  , 
induced  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  burnt  houses  to  upbraid 
therewith  one  Maryn  Adriaenzen,  who  at  his  request  had  led  the 
freemen  in  the  attack  on  the  Indians,  and  who  being  reinforced 
by  an  English  troop  had  afterwards  undertaken  two  bootless 
Expeditions  in  the  open  field — imagining  that  tlie  Director  had 
accused  him,  he  being  one  of  the  signers  of  the  petition  he 
determined  to  revenge  himself.!  With  this  resolution  he  pro- 
ceeded to  the  Director's  house  armed  with  a  Pistol,  loaded  and 
cocked,  and  a  hanger  by  his  side ;  coming  unawares  into  the 
Director's  room,  he  presents  his  Pistol  at  him,  saying.  What 
devUisk  lies  art  thou  reporting  ofmel  but  by  the  promptness  of 
one  of  the  bystanders,  the  shot  was  prevented,  and  he  arrested. 
A  short  time  after.  Marine's  man  and  another  ente!ted  the  fort, 


1  At  Corker's  Hook.    Tr. 

•  Note  H.    Their  petition  and  the  answer  thereto,  dated  27  Feb.  1643 

t  Nota  I.    Contains  the  informatton  thereupon.  

%  Note  K.    His  trial  therefor. 


»«0 


:y!S 


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»    ^  ,  1   ft^ 


Vfi  t        J,      ,  1       1 

'1      .  •,     * 


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V 

It' 


'■  ,"•«■ 


«       f 


)"  ■  -  :' 

•  .  Hi      ■->. 

1 .    .  .rf-r-:^ 


f- 


158 


JOURNAL  OK  NEW   NETHERLAND. 


f  T 


tee  ,'• 


.;'■} 


each  carrying  a  loaded  gun  and  pistol — tlie  first  fired  at  the 
Director  who  liaving  had  Lotice  withdrew  towards  his  house,  the 
balls  passing  into  the  walls  alongside  the  door  behind  him ;  the 
sentinel  firing  immediately  on  him  who  had  discharged  his  gun, 
brought  him  down.  Shortly  afterwards  some  of  the  Common- 
alty collected  before  the  Director,  riotously  demanding  the 
prisoner ;  they  were  answered  that  their  request  should  be  pre- 
sented in  order  and  in  writing,  which  about  25  men  did,  they 
therein  asked  the  Director  to  pardon  the  Criminal.  The  matters 
were  referred  to  them  to  decide  conscientiously  thereupon.  lu 
such  wise  that  they  immediately  went  forth,  without  hearing 
parties  or  seeing  any  complaints  or  documents  :  They  condemn 
him,  in  a  fine  of  Five  Hundred  guilders^  and  to  remain  three  months 
away  from  the  Manhatens,  but  on  account  of  the  importance  of 
the  affair  and  some  Considerations,  it  was  resolved  to  send  the 
Criminal,  with  his  trial  to  Holland  which 

In  this  Confusion  mingled  with  great  terror  passed  the  winter 
away ;  the  Season  came  for  driving  out  the  Cattle ;  this  obliged 
many  to  desire  Peace.  On  the  other  hand  the  Indians  seeing 
also  that  it  was  time  to  plant  maize,  were  not  less  soUcitous  for 
peace  so  that  after  some  negotiation,  Peace  was  concluded  in  May 
A.O.  1643  only  in  consequence  of  the  importunity  of  some  and  the 
opinion  entertained  by  others  that  it  would  be  durable. 

The  Indians  kept  still  after  this  Peace,  associating  daily  with 
our  People,  Yea,  even  the  greatest  Chiefs  came  to  visit  the 
Director.  Meanwhile  Pachem  a  crafty  man,  ran  through  all  the 
Tillages  urging  the  Indians  to  a  general  massacre,  thereupon  it 
happened  that  certain  Indians  called  Wappingers,  dwelling  six- 
teen miles  up  the  River,with  whom  we  never  had  any  the  least 
trouble,  seized  on  a  boat  coming  from  Fort  Grange  wherein  were 
only  two  men,  and  full  four  hundred  Beavers.  This  great  Booty 
stimulated*  others  to  follow  their  example,  so  that  they  seized 
two  boats  more,  intending  to  overhaul  the  fourth  also,  from  which 
ttiey  were  driven  off  with  the  loss  of  six  Indians.  Nine  Christians 
including  two  women  were  murdered  in  these  Captured  barks, 
one  woman  and  two  children  remaining  prisoners.    The  other 

•  Note  M.    Their  acknowledgment  made  before  the  English  16  January,  1643 ; 
Sngllih  Btyle. 


JOURNAL  OF  NKW   N£THERLAND. 


13 


Indians,  so  soon  as  their  maize  was  ripe — foUowed  this  example, 
and  through  semblance  of  selling  Beavers  killed  an  old  man  and 
woman,  leaving  another  man  with  five  wounds  who  however  fled 
to  the  fort  in  a  boat  with  a  little  child  on  his  arm,  who  in  the 
first  outbreak  had  lost  Father  &  Mother,  And  now  grandlather 
and  grandmother,  being  thus  twice  through  God's  merciful  bless- 
ing rescued  from  the  hands  of  the  Indians,  first  when  two  years 
old  ;  Nothing  was  now  heard  but  murders  most  of  which  were 
conmiitted  under  pretence  of  coming  to  put  the  Christians  on  their 
guard. 

Finally  they  took  the  field  and  attacked  the  bouweries  at 
Pavonia.  There  were  here  at  the  time,  two  ships  of  war  and  a 
privateer  who  saved  considerable  Cattle  and  Grain.  Probably 
it  was  not  possible  to  prevent  the  destruction  of  four  bouweries 
on  Pavonia,  which  were  burnt,  not  by  open  force,  but  by 
stealthily  creeping  through  the  brush  with  fire  in  hand  thus 
igniting  the  roofs  which  are  all  either  of  reed  or  straw  j  one 
covered  with  plank  was  repeatedly  saved. 

The  Commonalty  were  called  togetlier,  they  were  sore  distressed. 
They  chose  eight,  in  the  stead  of  the  previous  Twelve,*  persons 
to  aid  in  consulting  for  the  best ;  but  the  occupation  every  one 
had  to  take  care  of  his  own,  prevented  anything  beneficial  being 
adopted  at  that  time — ^nevertheless  it  was  resolved  that  as  many 
Englishmen  as  were  in  the  Country  should  be  enlisted  who  were 
indeed  now  proposing  to  depart ;  the  third  part  of  these  were  to 
be  paid  by  the  Commonalty ;  this  promise  was  made  by  the 
Commonalty  but  was  not  followed  by  the  pay. 

Terror  increasing  all  over  the  land  the  eight  men  assembled, 
drewf  up  a  proposal  in  writing  wherein  they  demanded  that  dele- 
gates should  be  sent  to  the  North,  to  our  English  neighbours,  to 
request  an  auxiliary  force  of  One  hundred  and  fifty  m6n,  for 
whose  pay  a  bill  of  Exchange  should  be  given  for  twenty  five 
thousand  guilders,  and  that  N.  Netherland  should  be  so  long 
mortgaged  to  the  English  as  security  for  the  payment  thereof 
(one  of  the  most  influential  among  the  eight  men  had  by  letter^ 


\    , 


s 


• .  i 


';■•;■  1--:> 


,4- 


''}.^ 


f  *,'!  tj'l.y-or 


•  mtt  N.    Resolve  of  18  Sept'r.  1648. 
t  Note  O.    Dated  6th  Octob.  X648. 
t  Note  P.    Dated  9th  March,  1648. 


JOURNAL  OF  NEW   NETHERLAND. 


I''* 


i..' ,.' 


enforced  by  precedents  previously  endeavored  to  persuade  the 

Director  to  this  course,  as  they  had  .also  a  few  days  before 

resolved*  that  the  Provisions  destined  for  Curasao  should  be 

unloaded  from  the  vessels  and  the  major  portion  of  the  men 

belonging  to  them  detained,  and  to  send  the  Ships  away  thus 

empty.    This  was  not  agreed  to -nor  considered  Expedient  by 

the  Director. 

[Here  four  pages  are  wanting.] 

[An  expedition  was  despatched  consisting  of  soldiers] 

under  tlie  command  of  the  Sergeant,  XL  Burghers  under  their 
Captain  Jochem  Pietersen,  XXXV  Englishmen  under  Lieutenant 
Baxter,  but  to  prevent  all  confusion.  Councillor  La  Montague 
was  appointed  general.  Coming  to  Staten  Island,  they  marched  . 
the  whole  night ;  the  houses  were  empty  and  abandoned  by  the 
Indians ;  they  got  5  or  6  hundred  skepels  of  corn,  burning  the 
remainder  without  accomplishing  any  thing  else. 

Mayane,  a  Sachem,  residing  8  miles  N.  E.  of  us,  between 
Greenwich  (that  lies  within  our  jurisdiction)  and  Stantfort,  which 
is  English, — a  fierce  Indian  who  alone  dared  to  attack  with  bow 
and  arrows,  three  Christians  armed  with  guns  one  of  whom  he 
shot  dead ;  whilst  engaged  with  the  other,  he  was  killed  by  tlie 
tliird  Christian  and  his  head  brought  hither.  It  was  then  known 
and  understood  for  the  first  time,  that  he  and  his  Indians  had 
done  us  much  injury,  though  we  never  had  aijy  diiference  with 
him.  Understanding  further  that  they  lay  in  their  houses  very 
quiet  and  without  suspicion  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  English, 
it  was  determined  to.  hunt  them  up,  and  attack  them  and  one 
hundred  and  twenty  men  were  sent  thither  under  the  preceding 
conmiand.  The  people  landed  at  Greenwich  in  the  evening 
from  three  Yachts,  marched  the  entire  night  but  could  not  find 
the  Indians,  either  because  the  Guide  had  given  warning  or  had 
himself  gone  astray.  Retreat  was  made  to  the  Yachts  in  order 
to  depart  as  secretly  as  possible,  passing  through  Stantfo  «  some 
Englishmen  were  encountered  who  oflFered  to  lead  ours  to  the 
place  where  some  Indians  were,  thereupon  four  scouts  were  Sent 
in  divers  directions,  to  discover  them,  who  at  their  return. 


f  Note  Q.    In  their  rcBolution  30th  September,  1643 


ir*'M  W^i\ 


JQURNAL  OF  NEW   NETHERLAKD.  HI' 

reported  that  the  Indians  had  some  notice  of  our  people  by  the 
salute  which  the  Englishmen  gave  us,  but  without  any  certainty, 
whereupon  five  and  twenty  of  the  bravest  men  were  at  once 
commanded  to  proceed  thither  to  the  nearest  village,  with  great 
diligence  they  made  the  journey  killing  18  or  20  Indians, 
capturing  an  old  man,  two  women  and  some  children,  to  exchange 
for  ours.  The  other  troops  on  coming  hither  immediately  in  the 
yachts,  found  the  huts  empty. 

The  old  Indian,  captured  above,  having  promised  to  lead  us  to 
Wetquescheck  which  consisted  of  three  Castles,  sixty  five  men 
were  despatched  under  Baxter  and  Pieter  Cock,  who  found  them 
empty  though  thirty  Indians  could  have  stood  against  Two 
Hundred  Soldiers  inasmuch  as  they  were  constructed  of  plank 
five  inches  thick  nine  feet  high  and  braced  around  with  thick 
balk  full  of  port  holes.  Our  people  burnt  two,  reserving  the 
third  for  a  retreat.  Marching  8  or  9  miles  farther,  they 
discovered  nothing  but  some  huts,  which  they  could  not  surprize 
as  they  were  discovered — they  came  back  having  killed  only 
one  or  two  Indians,  taken  some  women  and  Children  prisoners 
and  burnt  some  com.  Meanwhile,  we  were  advised  that 
Fennewitz,'  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  experienced  Indians  in 
the  Country,  and  who,  in  the  first  Conspiracy,  had  given  the  most 
dangerous  Council,  To  wit,  that  theyshould  wait  and  not  attack 
the  Dutch  until  all  suspicion  had  been  lulled,  and  then  divide 
themselves  equally  through  the  houses  of  the  Christians  and 
slaughter  all  these  in  one  night — was  secretly  \\  aging  war  against 
us  with  his  tribe  who  killed  some  of  our  people  and  set  fire  to 
the  houses.  It  was,  therefore,  resolved  to  send  thither  a  troop 
of  one  hundred  and  twenty  men,  the  Burghers  under  their 
Company,  the  English  under  the  Sergeant  Major  Vander  Hyl' 
(who  within  a  few  days  had  offered  his  services  and  was  accepted), 
the  veteran  soldiers  under  Fieter  Cock,  all  under  the  command 
of  M'  La  Montagne,  to  proceed  hence  in  three  Yachts,  Land  in 
Scouts  Bay  on  Long  Island,  march  towards  Heemstede  (where 
there  is  an  English  Colonic  dependant  on  us.)  Some  sent  forward 
in  advance  dexterously  killed  an  Indian  who  was  out  as  a  Spy ; 


1  Chief  of  tbe  Ganarsee  tribe,  Kings  Co.,  L.  I.    Ed. 

2  Capt.  John  Underhill.    Ed. 


■t(*'i->>if'  .^'t^jio.^ 


■•f; 


t 


V 


;  ^^ 


A 


«       # 


.1' 


.?i, 


,*,.  ,    .^i. 


*♦< 


f)'^ 


I* 


M 


JOUBMAIi  OF  NEW   NETHE&LAND. 


<'  P 


r  ,■  ,f 


Mi  *.     .i 


vm-- 


S'L  i 


V  > 


our  force  waa  divided  into  two  divisions — Van  der  Hi!  with 
fourteen  English  towards  the  smallest,  and  Eighty  men  towards 
the  largest  village  named  Matsepe,  both  which  were  very 
successful,  killing  alx^ut  one  hundred  and  Twenty  men ;  of  ours 
one  man  remained  on  the  field  and  three  were  wouiided. 

Our  forces  being  returned  from  this  expedition,  Capt  Van  der 
Hil  was  despatched  to  Stantfort,.  to  get  some  inibrmatiou  there 
of  the  Indians.  He  reported  that  the  Guide  who  had  formerly 
served  us,  and  had  gone  astray  in  the  night,  was  now  in  great 
danger  of  his  life  f -om  the  Indians  of  whom  there  were  about 
five  hundred  together.  He  ofiered  to  lead  us  there,  io  shew  that 
the  former  mischance  was  not  his  fault.  One  hundred  and  tliirty 
men  were  accordingly  despatched  under  the  aforesaid  GeQ>  Van 
der  Hil  and  Hendrick  van  Dyck  Ensign.  Th^  embarked  in 
three  Yachts,  landed  at  Greenwich,  where  they  were  obliged  to 
pass  the  night  by  reason  of  the  great  Snow  and  Storm  ;  in  the 
morning  they  marched  N.  W.  up  over  Stony  Hills  over  which 
some  must  creep,  in  tlie  evening  about  eight  o'clock  they  came 
withir>  a  mile  of  the  Indians,  and  inasmuch  as  they  should  have 
arrived  too  early  and  had  to  cross  two  Rivers,  one  of  Two 
himdred  feet  wide  and  three  deep,  and  that  the  men  could  not 
afterwards  rest  in  consequence  of  the  cold,  it  was  determined  to 
remain  there  until  about  ten  o'clock.  The  order  was  given  as 
to  the  mode  to  be  observed  in  attacking  the  Indians — they 
marched  forward  towards  the  houses,  being  three  rows  set  up 
street  fashion,  each  Eighty  paces  long,  in  a  low  recess  of  the 
mountain,  a£K>rding  complete  shelter  from  the  N.  W.  wind.  The 
moon  was  then  at  the  full,  and  threw  a  strong  light  against  the 
mountain  so  thai  many  winters  days  were  not  brighter  than  it 
then  was.  On  arriving  there  the  Indians  were  wide  awake,  and 
on  their  guard,  so  that  ours  determined  to  charge  and  surround 
the  houses,  sworti  in  hand.  They  demeaned  themselves  as 
saldiers  and  deployed  in  small  bands,  so  that  we  got  in  a  short 
time  one  dead  and  twelve  wounded.  They  were  also  so  hard 
pressed  that  it  was  impossible  for  one  to  escape.  In  a  brief  space 
of  time  there  were  counted  One  hundred  and  Eighty  dead  outside 
the  houses.  Presently  none  durst  come  forth,  keeping  within 
the  houses,  discharging  arrows  through  the  holes.    The  GeneraJ 


;4 


JOUHNAL  OF   NEW    NETHERLAND. 


17 


remarked  that  nothing  else  was  to  be  done,  resolved  with  Sergeant 
Major  Van  der  Hil,  to  set  the  huts  on  fire,  whereupon  the  Indians 
tried  every  means  to  escape,  not  succeeding  in  which  they 
returned  back  to  the  flames  preferring  to  perish  by  the  fire  than 
to  die  by  our  hands.  What  was  most  wonderful  is,  that  among 
this  vast  collection  of  Men,  Women  and  Children  not  one  was 
beard  to  cry  or  to  scream.  According  to  the  report  of  the 
Indians  themselves  the  number  then  destroyed  exceeded  five 
hundred.  Some  say,  full  700,  among  whom  were  also,  25 
Wappingers,  our  God  having  coUected'together  there  the  greater 
number  of  our  Enemies,  to  celebrate  one  of  their  festivals,  from 
which  escaped  no  more  than  eight  men  in  all,  of  whom  even  three 
were  severely  wounded. 

The  fight  ended,  several  fires  were  built  in  consequence  of 
the  great  cold,  the  woimded,  15  in  number,  dressed,  and  sentinels 
being  posted  by  the  General  the  troops  bivouacked  there  for  the 
remainder  of  the  night.  On  the  next  day,  the  party  set  out 
much  refreshed  in  good  order,  so  as  to  arrive  at  Stantford  in  the 
evening.  They  marched  with  great  courage  over  that  wearisome 
mountain,  God  affording  extraordinary  strength  to  the  wounded 
some  of  whom  were  badly  hurt;  coming  in  the  afternoon  to 
Stantfort  after  a  march  of  two  days  and  one  night  and  little  rest. 
The  English  received  our  people  in  a  very  friendly  manner, 
affording  them  every  comfort.  In  two  days  they  reached  here. 
A  Thanks-giving  was  proclaimed  on  their  arrival. 


[The  remainder  is  wanting.'\ 


M 


:     I   ■:,  t  '. : 

1 


'HX. 


.  .V  t 


i  • 


*     I .  • . 


i. 


VOL.  IV. 


2 


D] 


NEW  J 


BjTtXbm 


Iff'}:  • 


n. 


DESCMPnON 


w 


ow 


NEW  NETHERLAND, 


or 


1644. 


B7  Fathmr  Imajlo  Jooon,  Juuit  JHlMioiMry. 


.■■'■ : 


■>»  i'^*.' 


,\->- 


i.  .  t,  ' 


H»..    k 


The  Rev.  Isaac  Joooes,  the  author  of  the  following  early  notice  of  New  York 
was  born  at  Orleans  in  France  10th  Jany  1607,  in  which  city  he  received  the 
rudiments  of  his  education.  He  entered  the  Jesuit  Society  at  Kouen  in  Oct. 
1624  and  removed  to  the  College  of  La  Fletche  in  1627.  He  completed  liis 
divinity  at  Clermont  College,  Paris,  and  was  ordained  Priest  in  February  1636  in 
the  Spring  of  which  year  he  embarked  as  a  Missionary  for  Canada  and  arrived  at 
Quebec  on  the  2nd  of  July.  After  a  sojourn  of  a  few  weeks  in  that  city  he 
proceeded  to  the  Huron  country  on  the  24  Aug.  and  arrived  at  the  new  field  of 
his  labors  about  the  12th  September.  In  1641  he  visited  Pauoitigoueiuhak,  or 
"  the  place  of  the  Shallow  Cataract,"  as  the  Falls  of  St  Mary  were  originally 
called,  on  an  invitation  of  some  0-jibways  but  made  only  a  brief  stay  there  and 
returned  to  Quebec  in  1642.  He  reembarked  on  the  first  of  August  of  that  year 
for  the  Huron  Mission  but,  on  his  way,  was  captured  by  a  party  of  Mohawks  who 
had  lain  in  ambush  for  his  party,  and  was  hurried  off  a  prisoner  to  the  enemy's 
country.  Here  he  suffered  every  torture  short  of  the  stake,  and  had  to  witness 
he  cruel  deaths  of  many  of  his  companions.  On  the  31st  July  1643,  after  u 
y  "tar's  captivity  he  succeeded  in  evading  the  vigilance  of  his  captors,  and  cscui)e(l 
to  the  Dutch  at  Fort  Orange  (Albany)  by  whom  he  was  most  cordially  received 
and  most  humanely  treated.  Thither  his  Savage  masters  followed  him,  but  the 
Dutch  preferred  ransoming  to  surrendering  him  and  forwarded  him  to  New 
Amsterdam,  where  he  Was  suitably  received  by  Gov.  Kieft,  furnished  with  every 
necessary  and  a  passage  to  France.  After  having  been  shipwrecked  on  the  coast 
of  England  and  again  stripped  of  all  he  had,  he  Anally  reached  the  French  coast 
in  utter  destitution. 

His  stay  in  No'v  Netherland  from  August  1642  to  Nov.  1843  enabled  him  to 
draw  up  the  present  interesting  sketch  of  that  country. 

After  recruiting  his  shattered  strength,  and  experiencing  every  attention  at 
Court  and  at  the  h&nds  of  his  religious  Superiors,  he  returned  to  Canada  and  was 
stationed  at  Montreal.  On  peace  being  concluded  with  the  Mohawks,  Father 
Jogues  was  selected  as  ambassador  to  their  country  to  exchange  ratifications. 
II-^  set  out  13th  May  1646,  passed  through  Lakes  Champlain  and  George  (to 
the  latter  of  which  he  gave  the  name  of  St  Sacrement) ,  and  reached  Fort  Orange 
on  4th  June,  and  proceeded  thence  to  the  Village  of  Onewgiwre.  He  tarried 
here  but  a  short  time,  having  left  on  the  16th,  on  his  return  to  Three  Rivers, 
where  he  arrived  on  the  29th. 

He  set  out  again  on  the  27th  September  for  the  Mohawk  country  in  his  true 
character,  as  a  Missionary  of  the  Gospel,  with  a  deep  presentiment  of  not  returning. 
He  entered  Ganda wage  or  Ganna wage,  the  scene  of  his  former  captivity,  on  the 
17th  October  and  was  received  with  blows  !  A  revolution  had  passed  over  the 
Savage  mind.  Jogues,  on  his  departure  in  June,  had  left  a  box  in  one  of  the 
lodges,  containing  some  trifling  necessaries.  Harvest  came*  but  it  was  discovered 
that  the  worm  had  visited  the  Indians'  fields  and  devoured  the  crop.  Jogues' 
box  it  was  to  their  humble  capacities  that  contained  the  Evil  Spirit  which  thus  laid 
waste  their  country,  and  in  revenge  the  Christian  Missionary  was  doomed  to  die. 
In  the  evening  of  the  18th  he  was  invited  to  sup  in  one  of  the  cabins.  On  entering 
the  door  he  received  a  blow  on  the  head  and  fell  dead  on  the  ground.  His  lifcles.s 
body  was  at  once  decapitated;  the  head  fixed  on  the  palisades  of  the  village  and 
the  trunk  cast  into  the  Mohawl-  river. 

Thus  fell,  in  the  40th  year  of  his  age,  the  first  Catholic  Missionary  in  New 
York..  It  is  supposed  that  ho  was  slain  at  Caughnawaga,  in  Montgomery  co., 
which  in  the  Annals  of  Religion  was  afterwards  known  as  the  "  Mission  of  the 
Martyrs."  A  copy  of  the  original  French  MS.  and  the  following  Translation, 
were  presented  to  the  Regents  of  the  University,  by  the  Rev.  Father  Martin, 
Superior  of  the  Jesuits  in  Cancda.    Ed. 


New  Holland 
in  their  own  Jar 
Low  Countries,  is 
The  mouth  of  the 
North  river  (to  di 
South  river)  and  i 
is  also  called,  I  th 
is  deep,  fit  for  the 
which  is  seven  lea 
serve  as  the  comm 
be  called- New  Am 
This  fort  which 
leagues  from  the  i 
regular  bastions  m 
these  bastions  and  I 
earth,  most  of  whij 
be  entered  on  all 
sixty  soldiers  to  ^ 
had  built  still  furtl 
their  enemies.    TJ 
bastions  with  stor 
church  built  of  stl 
called  Director  GeJ 
houses  and  barracJ 
On  this  island  of) 
be  four  or  five  hun( 
Director  General 
eighteen  different  h 
on  the  river,  above] 
the  spot  invited 
ply  their  trades  arel 


•  -i  ■!  : 


■"i    r 


>:1V 


NEW  NETHERLAND  IN  1644. 

By  Ber.  Isaac  Jogues,  S.  J. 

New  Holland  which  the  Dutch  call  in  Latin  JVovum  Belgium. 
in  their  own  language  Nieuw  Nederland,  that  is  to  say,  New 
Low  Countries,  is  situated  between  Virginia  and  New  England 
The  mouth  of  the  river  called  by  some  Nassau  river  or  the  great 
North  river  (to  distinguish  it  from  another  which  they  call  the 
South  river)  and  which  in  some  maps  that  I  have  recently  seen 
is  also  called,  I  think.  River  Maurice,  is  at  40^  30'.  Its  channel 
is  deep,  fit  for  the  largest  ships  that  ascend  to  Manhattes  Island, 
which  is  seven  leagues  in  circuity  and  on  which  there  is  a  fort  to 
serve  as  the  commencement  of  a  town  to  be  built  there  and  to 
be  called- New  Amsterdam. 

This  fort  which  is  at  the  point  of  the  island  about  five  or  six 
leagues  from  the  mouth,  is  called  Fort  Amsterdam ;  :t  has  four 
regular  bastions  mounted  with  several  pieces  of  artillery.  All 
these  bastions  and  the  curtains  were  in  1643  buc  ramparts  of 
earth,  most  of  which  had  crumbled  away,  so  that  tl"  fort  could 
be  entered  on  all  sides.  There  were  no  ditches.  There  were 
sixty  soldiers  to  garrison  the  said  fort  and  another  which  they 
had  built  still  further  up  against  the  incursions  of  the  savages 
their  enemies.  They  were  beginning  to  face  the  gates  and 
bastions  with  stone.  Within  this  fort  stood  a  pretty  large 
church  built  of  stone ;  the  house  of  the  Governor,  whom  they 
called  Director  General,  quite  neatly  built  of  brick,  the  store- 
houses and  barracks. 

On  this  island  of  Manhate  and  in  its  environs  there  may  well 
be  four  or  five  hundred  men  of  different  sects  and  nations  j  the 
Director"  General  told  me  that  there  were  persons  th^?e  of 
eighteen  different  languages  ;  tliey  are  scattered  here  and  there 
on  the  river,  above  and  below  as  the  beauty  and  convenience  of 
the  spot  invited  each  to  settle,  some  mechanics  however  who 
ply  their  trades  are  ranged  under  the  fort ;  all  the  others  were 


(  I 


-.11 


»  1 


i  . 


!,! 


..    r- 


%' 


'    1 


22 


A  DESCRIPTION  OF  MEW  NETHERLAND. 


exposed  to  the  incursions  of  the  natives,  who  in  the  year  1643, 
while  I  was  there  actually  killed  some  two  score  Hollanders  and 
burnt  many  houses  and  barns  full  of  wheat. 

The  river,  which  is  very  straight  and  runs  due  north  and 
south,  is  at  least  a  league  broad  before  the  fort.  Ships  lie  at 
anchor  in  a  bay  which  forms  the  other  side  of  the  island  and  can 
be  defended  from  the  fort. 

Shortly  before  I  arrived  there  three  lejge  vessels  of  300  tons 
each  had  come  to  load  wheat ;  two  had  found  cargoes,  the  third 
could  not  be  loaded  because  the  savages  had  burnt  a  part  of 
their  grain.  These  ships  came  from  the  West  Indies  where  the 
West  India  Company  usually  keeps  up  seventeen  ships  of  war. 

No  religion  is  publicly  exercised  but  the  Calvinist,  and  orders 
are  to  admit  none  but  Calvinists,  but  this  i^  not  observed,  for 
there  are,  besides  Calvinists,  in  the  Colony  Catholics,  English 
Puritans,  Lutherans,  Anabaptists,  here  called  Mnistes  &c. 

When  any  one  comes  to  settle  in  the  country,  they  lend  him 
horses,  cows  &c,  they  give  him  provisions,  aU  which  he  repays 
as  soon  as  he  is  at  ease,  and  as  to  the  land  be  pays  in  to  the 
West  India  Company  after  ten  years  the  tenth  of  the  produce 
which  he  reaps. 

This  country  is  bounded  on  the  New  England  side  by  a  river 
they  call  the  Fresche  river,  which  serves  as  a  boundary  between 
them  and  the  English.  The  English  however  come  very  near 
to  them,  preferring  to  hold  lands  under  the  Dutch  who  ask 
nothing  from  them  rather  than  to  be  dependant  on  English 
Lords  who  exact  rents  and  would  fain  be  absolute.  On  the 
other  side  southward  towards  Virginia,  its  limits  are  the  river 
which  they  call  the  Soutk  riv&r  on  which  there  is  also  a  Dutch 
settlement,  but  the  Swedes  have  at  its  mouth  another  extremely 
well  provided  with  men  and  cannon.  It  is  believed  that  these 
Swedes  are  maintained  by  some  merchants  of  Amsterdam,  who 
are  not  satisfied  that  the  West  India  Company  should  alone 
enjoy  all  the  commerce  of  tliese  parts.  It  is  near  this  river  that 
a  gold  mine  is  reported  to  have  been  found. 

See  in  the  work  of  the  Sieur  de  Laet  of  Antwerp  the  table  and 
article  on  New  Belgium  as  he  sometimes  calls  it  or  the  map ; 
JVbt>d  Anglia^  J^Tovu  Belgium  et  Viri^inia. 


▲  DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND. 


23 


It  is  about  fifty  years  since  the  Hollanders  came  to  these  parts. 
The  fort  was  begun  in  the  year  1615:  they  began  to  settle  about 
twenty  years  ago  and  there  is  already  some  little  commerce 
with  Virginia  and  New  England.  -a' 

The  first  comers  found  lands  fit  for  use,  formerly  cleared  by 
the  savages  wlio  previously  had  fields  here.  Those  who  came 
later  have  cleared  in  the  woods,  which  are  mostly  of  oak.  The 
soil  is  good.  Deer  hunting  is  abundant  in  the  fall.  There  are 
some  houses  built  of  stone ;  they  make  lime  of  oyster  shells, 
great  heaps  of  which  are  found  here  made  formerly  by  the 
savages,  who  subsisted  in  part  by  this  fisliery. 

The  climate  is  very  mild.  Lying  at  40|°  degrees;  there  are 
many  European  fruits,  as  apples,  pears,  cherries.  I  reached 
there  in  October,  and  found  even  then  a  considerable  quantity 
of  peaches.  . 

Ascending  the  river  to  the  43«i  degree  you  find  the  second  Dutch 
settlement,  which  the  flux  and  reflux  reaches  but  does  not  pass. 
Ships  of  a  hundred  and  a  hundred  and  twenty  tons  can  ascend 
to  it. 

There  are  two  things  in  this  settlement,  which  is  called  Rense- 
laerswick,  as  if  to  say  the  colony  of  Renselaer,  who  is  a  rich 
Amsterdam  merchant :  1"*  a  wretched  little  fort  called  F* 
Orenge,  built  of  logs  with  four  or  five  pieces  of  cannon  of  Bre- 
teuil  and  as  many  swivels.  This  has  been  reserved  and  is  main- 
tained b''  the  West  India  Company.  This  fort  was  formerly  on 
an  island  in  the  river,  it  is  now  on  the  main  land  towards  the 
Hiroquois,  a  little  above  the  said  island,  'indiy,  a  eolonie  sent 
here  by  this  Renselaer,  who  is  the  Patroon.  This  eolonie  is 
composed  of  about  a  hundred  persons,  who  reside  in  some  25  or 
30  houses,  built  along  the  river,  as  each  one  found  it  most  con- 
venient. In  the  principal  house  resides  the  Patroon's  agent,  the 
minister  has  his  apart,  in  which  service  is  performed.  There  is  also 
a  kmd  of  bailiff  here  whom  they  call  Sen^schnl,  who  administers 
justice.  All  their  houses  are  merely  of  boards  and  thatched. 
As  yet  there  is  no  mason  work,  except  in  the  chimneys.  The 
forests  furnishing  many  large  pines,  they  make  boards  by  means 
of  their  mills  which  they  have  for  the  purpose. 

They  foimd  some  pieces  of  ground  all  rmdy,  which  the 


f-*i-"h'^ 


*       ¥ 


■I 


I- 


24 


A    DESCRIPTION   OF   NEW   NETHERLAND. 


savages  had  Ibrraerly  prepared  and  in  which  they  sow  wheat 
and  oats  for  beer  and  lor  their  horses,  of  which  they  have  a 
great  stock.  There  is  little  land  fit  ft)r  tillage,  being  crowded  by 
hills  wliicli  are  bad  soil.  Tiiis  obliges  them  to  be  seperated  the 
one  from  the  other,  and  they  occupy  already  two  or  three 
leagues  of  country.  '  '* 

Trade  is  free  to  all,  this  gives  the  Indians  all  things  cheap, 
each  of  the  Hollanders  outbidding  his  neighbor  and  being  satis- 
lied  provided  lie  can  gain  some  little  profit. 

This  settlement  is  not  more  than  twenty  leagues  from  the 
Jigiiiehronms,  who  can  be  reached  either  by  land  or  by  water, 
as  the  river  on  wliich  the  Iroquois  lie  fiiUs  into  that  which 
passes  by  the  Dutch ;  but  there  are  many  shallow  rapids  and  a 
tail  of  a  sliort  half  league  where  the  canoe  has  to  be  carried. 

Tliere  are  many  nations  between  the  two  Dutch  settlements, 
which  are  about  thirty  German  leagues  apart,  that  is  about  50 
or  60  French  leagues.  The  Lowps^  whom  the  Iroquois  call 
^gotsagenens,  are  the  nearest  to  Renselaerwick  and  "^^  Orange. 
War  breaking  out  some  years  ago  between  the  Iroquois  and  the 
Loups,  the  Dutch  joined  the  latter  against  the  former,  but  four 
having  been  taken  and  burnt  they  made  peace.  Some  nations 
near  the  sea  having  murdered  some  Hollanders  of  the  most  dis- 
tant settlement,  the  Hollanders  killed  150  Indians,  men,  women 
and  children ;  the  latter  having  killed  at  divers  intervals  40 
Dutchmen,  burnt  several  houses  and  committed  ravages,  esti- 
mated at  the  time  that  I  was  there  at  200,000  liv.  (two  hundred 
thousand  livres)  troops  were  raised  in  New  England,  and  in 
the  beginning  of  winter  the  grass  being  low  and  some  snow  on 
the  ground  they  pursued  them  with  six  hundred  men,  keeping 
two  hundred  always  on  the  move  and  constantly  relieving  eacli 
other,  so  that  the  Indians,  pent  up  in  a  large  island  and  finding 
it  impossible  to  escape,  on  account  of  the  women  and  children, 
were  cut  to  pieces  to  the  number  of  sixteen  hundred,  women 
and  children  included.  This  obliged  the  rest  of  the  Indians  to 
make  peace,  which  still  continues.  This  occurred  in  1643  and 
3644. 

Three  Rivers  in  Now  France,  ? 

August  Sd,  1646.  \     ?  ^"     t»ci".  I  r>'^ 


■* 

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■    -    - .      «  t       .  -  * 

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N 


INFORMATION 


BKLATITK  TO  TAXIRO  VP    ■. 


LAND  IN  NEW  NETHERLAND. 


By  CoRNELis  Van  Tienhoven, 
Secretary  of  the  ProYince. 

1650. 


I 


« » 


a.'^ 


-f",»^ 


"V.llfl 


■«•'' 


f  •■., 


'       i        I 


7..I 


Traoslated  from  the  Dutch. 


ift 


Ii  ID- 


INFORMATION  REl 
NETHERLAND,  I 
,'i  ■         BOWERIES.    16£ 

.^         If  any  man  be  dis 
Colonies,  Bouweries 
the  Latitude  of  one 
^ ^  I  f  *•       .  '     ■      have  to  inform  himsi 

on  rivers,  liavens  a; 
suitable  aiid  particii 
therefore  to  be  bornt 
are  not  fM  level  &  flj 
as  they  are,  with  tl 
At  f..:H   -  -  ■  •  ^     ^     '     ^'  ■  "         ■      covered  with  timbei 

sfoiies. 


m 


;,f\l..'i      (K     ,-    i. 


In  order,  then  firs 
the  most  convenient 
and  how  located,  I 
commend  the  remai 
tliis  country. 

I  begin  then  at  th 
a  point  situate  on  tli 
a  large  inland  sea<  £ 
for  all  sorts  of  craft 
without  any  flatts 
convenient  for  Cod  : 
by  the  Natives  duri; 

This  Point  is  als 
Indians  in  Wampuri 
about  the  abovemer 
the  cockles  whereo 
could  be  realized  b} 


I« 


';'«■,;!    ':'f^ 


'!•'■■   ■-,  (  ;,'.r-V  . 


.^t'^',     V   ,.     '  i<v  •>;■;?■    '  ••  ''  'A       '•'  '* 


(    !-,  ( 


pj  ..yn -i^rfN:!  ;*f '  !"' '^  '»*'    •* 


INFORMATION  RELATIVE  TO  TAKING  UP  LAND  IN  NEW 
NETHERLAND,  IN  THE  FORM  OF  COLONIES  OR  PRIVATE 
BOWERIES.    1650. 

[Hoi.  Doc.  v.] 

If  any  man  be  di  sposed  to  begin  either  by  himself  or  others, 
Colonies,  Bouweries  or  Plantations  in  New  Netherland,  lying  in 
the  Latitude  of  one  and  forty  degrees  and  a  half,  he  shall  first 
have  to  inform  himself  fully  of  the  situation  of  the  lands  lying 
on  rivers,  havens  and  Bays,  in  order  thus  to  select  the  most 
suitable  aiid  particularly  the  most  convenient  grounds  :  It  is 
therefore  £0  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  lands  in  New  Netherland 
are  not  f^ll  level  &  flat  and  adapted  to  raising  of  grain,  inasmuch 
as  they  are,  with  the  exception  of  some  few  flatts,  generally 
covered  witli  timber,  in  divers  places  also  with  large  &  small 
stones. 

In  order,  then  first  to  describe  those  lands  which  are  actually 
the  most  convenient  and  best  adapted  for  early  occupancy,  where 
and  how  located,  I  shall  enumerate  the  following  places,  and 
commend  the  remainder  to  the  consideration  of  proprietors  of 
this  country. 

I  begin  then  at  the  most  easterly  corner  of  Long  Island,  being 
a  point  situate  on  the  Main  Ocean,  inclosing  within,  westward, 
a  large  inland  sea'  adorned  with  divers  fair  havens  and  bays,  fit 
for  all  sorts  of  craft ;  this  Point  is  entirely  covered  with  Trees, 
without  any  flatts  and  is  somewhat  hilly  and  stoney,  very 
convenient  for  Cod  fishing,  which  is  most  successfully  followed 
by  the  Natives  during  the  Season. 

This  Point  is  also  well  adapted  to  secure  the  trade  of  the 
Indians  in  Wampum  (the  mine  of  New  Netherland)  since  in  and 
about  the  abovementioned  sea  and  the  islands  therein  situate,  lie 
the  cockles  whereof  Wampum  is  made  from  which  great  profit 
could  be  realized  by  those  who  would  plant  a  Colonic  or  hamlet 

1  Gardner's  Bay.    Tr. 


4 


/' 


!    ■.■■ 


■fA 


INFORMATION    RELATIVE  TO 


m 


■t  * 

I. 
V 


on  the  aforesaid  hook  for  the  cultivation  of  the  land,  for  raising 
all  sorts  of  cattle,  for  fishing,  and  the  Wampum  trade. 

It  would  be  necessary,  in  such  case,  to  settle  on  the  aforesaid 
land  some  persons  thoroughly  conversant  with  agriculture  and 
others  with  the  fishery. 

Oysterbay,  so  called  from  the  great  abundance  of  fine  and 
delicate  oysters  which  are  found  there.  This  bay  is  about  a 
short  mile  across,  or  in  width  at  the  mouth ;  deep  and  navigable, 
without  either  rocks  or  sands,  runs  westward  in  proportion,  and 
divides  itself  into  two  rivers,  which  are  broad  and  clear,  on 
which  said  rivers  lie  fine  maize  lands,  formerly  cultivated  by  the 
Indians,  some  of  which  they  still  work ;  they  could  be  had  for  a 
trifle.  This  land  is  situate  on  such  beautiful  bay,  and  rivers  that 
it  could  at  little  cost  be  converted  into  good  farms  fit  for  the 
plough  ;  there  are  here,  also,  some  fine  hay  valleys. 

Martin  Gerritseri's  bay  or  Martinnehouckj  is  much  deeper  and 
wider  than  Oyster  bay,  and  runs  westward  in,  divides  into  three 
rivers,  two  of  which  are  navigable  j  the  smallest  stream  runs  up 
in  front  of  the  Indian  village  called  Martinne  houck,  where  they 
have  their  plantations.  This  tribe  is  not  strong,  and  consists  of 
about  30  families.  In  and  about  this  bay  there  were  formerly 
great  numbers  of  Indian  Plantations,  which  now  lie  waste  and 
vacant.  Tliis  land  is  mostly  level  and  of  good  quality,  well 
adapted  for  grain  and  rearing  of  all  sorts  of  cattle ;  on  the  rivers 
are  numerous  valleys  of  sweet  and  salt  meadows ;  all  sorts  of 
river  fish  are  also  caught  there. 

SchouCs  bay,  on  the  East  river,  also  very  open  and  navigaoie, 
^  with  one  river  running  into  it ;  on  said  river  are  also  fine  maize 
lands,  level  and  not  stony,  with  right  beautiful  valleys.  Beyond 
said  river  is  a  very  convenient  hook  of  land,  somewhat  large, 
encircled  by  a  large  valley  and  river,  where  all  descriptions  of 
cuttle  can  be  reared  and  fed,  such  convenience  being  a  great 
accommodation  for  the  settlers,  who  otherwise  must  search  for 
their  cattle  frequently  several  days  in  the  bush. 

The  country  on  the  East  river  between  Greenwich  and  the 
island  Manhattans,  is  for  the  most  part  covered  with  trees,  but 
yet  flat  and  suitable  land,  with  numerous  streams  and  valleys, 


TAKING  UP  LAND  IN   NEW   N£THERLAND. 


29 


right  goud  soil  for  grain,  togetlier  with  fresh  hay  aud  meadow 
luuds. 

Wiequaeskeck,  on  the  North  river,  five  miles  above  New 
Amsterdam  is  very  good  and  suitable  land  for  agriculture,  very 
extensive  maize  land,  on  wliich  the  Indians  have  planted — pro- 
ceeding from  the  sliore  and  inland  'tis  flat  and  mostly  level, 
well  watered  by  small  streams  and  running  springs.  Tliis  land 
lies  between  tlie  Sintinck  and  Armouck  streams  situate  between 
tlie  East  and  North  rivers. ' 

In  tlie  Bay  of  the  North  river,  about  two  miles  from  Sandy 
Hook,  Ues  an  inlet  or  small  bay  ;  on  the  south  shore  of  said  bay, 
called  Ncyswesinck,  there  are  also  riglit  good  maize  lands  which 
have  not  been  cultivated  by  the  natives  for  a  long  time.  This 
district  is  well  Adapted  for  raising  and  feeding  all  sorts  of  cattle, 
aiid  is  esteemed  by  many  not  ill-adapted  for  fisheries ;  a  good 
trade  in  furs  could  also  be  carried  on  there,  and  'tis  likewise 
accessible  to  all  large  vessels  coming  from  sea,  which  are  often 
obliged  to  lie  to  or  anchor  behind  Sandy  Hook,  either  in  conse- 
quence of  contrary  winds,  or  for  want  of  a  pilot. 

Tlie  district  inhabited  by  a  nation  called  Raritangs,  is  situate 
on  a  fresh  water  river,  that  flows  through  the  centre  of  the  low 
land  which  the  Indians  cultivated.  This  vacant  territory  lies 
between  two  high  mountains,  far  distant  the  one  from  the  other. 
This  is  the  handsomest  and  pleasantest  country  that  man  can  ^ 
behold,  it  furnished  the  Indians  with  abundance  of  maize,  beans, 
pumpkins,  and  other  fruits.  This  district  was  abandoned  by 
the  natives  for  two  reasons  ;  the  first  and  principal  is,  that  find- 
ing themselves  unable  to  resist  the  Southern  Indians,  they  - 
migrated  further  inland  ;  the  second,  because  this  country  was 
flooded  every  spring  like  Renselaer's  colonic,  frequently  spoiling 
and  destroying  their  supplies  of  maize  which  were  stored  in  holes 
under  ground, 

J 1  trough  this  valley  pass  large  numbers  of  all  sorts  of  tribes, 
on  their  way  north  or  east,  this  land  is  therefore  not  only  adapted 
for  raising  grain  and  rearing  all  description  of  cattle,  but  also 
very  convenient  for  trade  with  the  Indians. 

1  Westchester  County.    Ta 


I'm 

■r^^.^^" 

-  'Sis 

%  ■  ■ 

','h'i 

'        t    * 

\ '   s 

'.■^-u-  ■ 

^     ■    i 

' 

t 

'%•  •(•r-- 


^r. 


«  0 


INFORMATION   BELATIVC  TO 


TAKK^n   I 


On  both  sides  of  the  South  bay  and  South  river  also  lie  some 
handsome  lands,  not  only  suitable  but  very  convenient  for  agri- 
culture and  trade. 

I  have  already  stated  where  the  first  Colonists  should,  in  my 
opinion,  settle,  regard  being  had  to  the  convenience  of  those 
lands  in  the  possession  oi  which  other  nations  being  anticipated, 
they  would  not  be  able  to  extend  their  pretended  limits  further, 
and  great  peace  and  security  would  be  afforded  to  the  inhabitants. 
I  shall  here  further  state  the  time  when  those  emi^Tating  hence 
to  and  arriving  in  New  Netherland  will  take  up  lard,  and  how 
each  shall  afterwards  earn  a  living  and  settle  in  the  most  econo- 
mical manner  according  to  the  fashion  of  the  country. 

Boors  and  others  who  are  obliged  to  work  at  first  in  Colonies 
ougl^t  to  sail  from  this  country  in  the  fore  or  latter  part  of  win- 
ter, in  order  to  arrive  with  God's  help  in  New  Netherland  early 
in  the  Spring,  as  in  March,  or  at  latest  in  April,  so  as  to  be  able 
to  plant  during  that  summer,  garden  vegetables,  maize  and  beans, 
and  moreover  employ  the  whole  summer  in  clearing  land  and 
building  cottages  as  I  shall  hereafter  describe. 

All  then  who  arrive  in  New  Netherland  must  immediately  set 
about  preparing  the  soil,  so  as  to  be  able,  if  possible  to  plant 
some  winter  grain,  and  to  proceed  the  next  winter  to  cut  and 
clear  the  timber.  The  trees  are  usually  felled  from  the  stump, 
cut  up  and  burnt  in  the  field,  unless  such  as  are  suitable 
for  building,  for  palisades^  posts,  and  rails,  which  must  be  pre- 
pared during  winter,  so  as  to  beset  up  in  the  spring  on  the  new 
made  land  which  is  intended  to  be  sown,  in  order  that  the  cattle 
i»:ay  not  in  any  wise  injure  the  crops.  In  most  lands  is  found  a 
certain  root,  called  red  Wortel,  which  must,  before  ploughing, 
be  extirpated  with  a  hoe,  expressly  made  for  that  pui-pose. 
This  being  done  in  the  winter,  some  plough  right  around  the 
stumps,  should  time  or  circumstances  not  allow  these  to  be  re- 
moved ;  others  plant  tobacco,  maize  and  beans,  at  first.  The 
soil  even  thus  becomes  very  mellow,  and  they  sow  winter  grain 
the  next  fall.  From  tobacco,  can  be  realized  some  of  the 
expenses  incurred  in  clearing  the  land.  The  maize  and  beans 
help  to  support  both  men  and  cattle.  The  farmer  having  thus 
begun,  must  endeavour,  every  year,  to  clear  as  much  new  land 


TAKK^n   UP  LAND  IN  NEW   NETUERLAND. 


81 


as  he  possibly  cau,  und  sow  it  with  such  seed  as  he  considers 
most  suitable. 

It  is  uot  uccessary  that  the  husbandman  should  take  up  much 
stock  in  the  beginning,  since  clearing  land  and  other  necessary 
labor  do  not  permit  him  to  save  much  hay  and  to  build  barns  for 
stabling.  One  pair  of  draft  horses  or  a  yoke  of  oxen  only  is 
necessary,  to  ride  the  planks  for  buildings  or  palisades  or  rails 
fi'om  the  land  to  the  place  where  they  are  to  be  set. 

The  farmer  can  get  all  sorts  of  cattle  in  the  course  of  the 
second  summer  when  he  will  hav£  more  leisure  to  cut  and 
bring  home  hay,  also  to  build  barns  and  houses  for  men  and 
cattle. 

"     *  Of  the  building  of  houses  at  first.  • 

Before  beginning  to  build,  it  will  above  all  things  be  necessary 
to  select  a  well  located  spot,  either  on  some  river  or  bay,  suitable 
for  the  settlement  of  a  village  or  hamlet.  This  is  previously 
properly  surveyed  and  divided  into  lots,  with  good  streets  accord- 
ing to  tlie  situation  of  the  place.  This  hamlet  can  be  fenced  all 
round  with  high  palisades  or  long  boards  and  closed  with  gates, 
which  is  advantageous  in  case  of  attack  by  the  natives  who 
lieretofore  used  to  exhibit  their  insolence  in  new  plantations. 

Outside  the  village  or  hamlet  other  land  must  be  laid  out  which 
can  in  general  be  fenced  and  prepared  at  the  most  trifling 
expense. 

Those  in  New  Netherland  and  especially  in  New  England,  who 
have  no  means  to  build  farm  houses  at  first  according  to  their 
wishes,  dig  a  square  pit  in  the  ground,  cellar  fashion,  6  or  7  feet 
deep,  as  long  and  as  broad  as  they  think  proper,  case  the  earth 
inside  with  wood  all  round  the  wall,  and  line  the  wood  with  the 
bark  of  trees  or  something  else  to  prevent  the  caving  in  of  the 
earth  ;  floor  this  cellar  with  plank  and  wainscot  it  overhead  for 
a  ceiling,  raise  a  roof  of  spars  clear  up  and  cover  the  spars  with 
bark  or  green  sods,  so  that  they  can  live  dry  and  warm  in  these 
houses  with  tlieir  entire  families  for  two,  three  and  four  years, 
it  being  understood  that  partitions  are  run  through  those  cellars 
which  are  adapted  to  the  size  of  the  family.  The  wealthy  and 
principal  men  in  New  England,  in  Jthe  beginning  of  the  Colonies, 
commenced  their  first  dwelling  houses  in  this  fashion  for  two 


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33  WEST  MAIN  STREET 
WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 
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INFORUATION  RELATIVE  TO 


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xeasons ;  firstly)  in  order  not  to  waste  time  building  and  not  to 
want  food  the  next  season ;  secondly,  in  order  not  to.  discourage 
poorer  laboring  people  whom  they  brought  over  in  numbers 
from  Fatiierland.  In  the  course  of  3  @  4  years,  when  the  country 
became  adapted  to  agriculture,  they  built  themselves  handtome 
houses,  spending  on  them  several  thousands. 

After  the  houses  are  built  in  the  above  described  manner  or 
otherwise  according  to  each  person's  means  and  fancy,  gardens 
are  made,  and  planted  in  season  with  all  sorts  of  pot  herbs,  prin- 
eipally  pai:8nips,  carrots,,  and  cabbage,  which  bring  great  plenty 
into  tiie  husbandman's  dwelling.  The  maize  can  serve  as  bread 
for  men,  and  food  for  cattle. 

The  hogs,  after  having  picked  up  their  food  for  some  months 
in  the  woods,  are  crammed  with  corn  in  the  fall ;  when  fat  they 
are  killed  and  furnish  a  very  hard  and  clean  pork ;  a  good  arti- 
cle for  the  husbandman  who  gradually  and  in  time  begins  to 
purchase  horses  and  cows  with  the  produce  of  his  grain  and  the 
increase  of  his  hogs,  and  instead  of  a  cellar  as  aforesaid,  builds 
good  farm  houses  and  barns. 

Of  the  necessary  Cattle. 

The  cattle  necessary  in  a  Colonic  or  private  Bouwery  in  New 
Netherland,  are  good  mares  and  sound  stallions. 

Yoke  oxen  for  the  plough,  inasmuch  as  in  new  lands  full  of 
roots,  oxen  go  forward  steadily  under  the  plough,  and  horses 
stand  still,  or  with  a  start  break  the  harness  in  pieces. 

Milch  cows  of  kindly  disposition  and  good  bulls,  sheep,  sows, 
etc.    Fowls  are  well  adapted  to  Bouweries. 

These  Cattle  are  abundant  in  New  Netherland  and  especially  in 
New  England  and  to  be  had  at  a  reasonable  price,  except  sheep 
which  the  English  do  not  sell  and  are  rare  in  New.  Netherland. 

Prices  of  Cattle.  ^ 

Im  New  Netherland  ;  a  young  mare  with  her  2^  or  third  foal 

costs fl.  150  to  160  »  ^0 

A  4  to  5  year  old  stallion  about 130  ss    53 

AmUchcowwithher2<ior3<icalf,....         100  =:=    40 

A  yearoldsow, 20@24  s8@10 

A  sheep,  being  an  ewe, 20  @  24 


^fM:^i: 


TAKING  UP  LAMD  IM  NEW  HXTHBELAND.  33 

In  New  Engx^and  ;  a  good  mare  sells  for, 11. 100  ®  120 

A  stallion, 100 

A  milch  cow, 60®  70 

A  yearling  sow, 12  @  14  > 

Sheep  are  not  sold  here. 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  in  a  Golonie  each  Farmer  has  to  be 
provided  by  his  Landlord  with  at  least  one  yoke  of  oxen  or  with 
two  mares  in  their  stead  two  cows,  one  or  two  sows,  for  the 
purpose  of  increase,  aAd  the  use  of  the  farm  and  the  support  of 
his  family. 

If  the  above  cattle  multiply  in  course  of  time  with  God's 
blessing  the  Bouweries  can  be  fully  stocked  with  necessary 
cattle,  and  new  Bouweries  set  off  with  the  remainder,  as  is  the 
practice  in  Renselaer's  Colonic  and  other  places,  as  so  on  denooo, 
so  as  to  lay  out  no  money  for  stock. 

All  farming  implements  necessary  for  the  land  must  be  also 
procured,  except  wagon  and  plough  which  can  be  made  there. 

And  as  it  is  found  by  experience  in  New  Netherland  that 
farmers  can  with  difficulty  obtain  from  the  soil  enougli  to  pro- 
vide themselves  with  necessary  victuals  and  support,  those  who 
propose  planting  Colonies  must  supply  their  farmers  and  families 
with  necessary  food  for  at  least  two  to  three  years,  if  not  altogether 
it  must  be  done  at  least  in  part. 

JVecessary  supplies  for  the  farmer. 

'  If  no  wheat  or  rye  can  be  had  for  bread,  maize  can  be 
always  had  in  season  from  the  Indians  at  a  reasonable  price. 
The  skepel  costs  ordinarily  10  @  15  stivers  when  bought  from 
the  Indians. 

Meat  Vinegar  i 

Pork  Pease,  and  ■■  >^ 

Butter  or  Oil  instead ;  Beans.  ,i 

Salad  oil  and  vinegar  are  not  easy  to  be  had  in  that  country 

except  at  an  excessively  high  price  irom  the  Dutch  traders.      i 

All  this  being  arranged  it  must  be  noted  what  description  of 

people  are  best  adapted  for  agriculture  in  New  Netherland  and 

to  perform  the  most  service  and  return  the  most  profit  in  the 

beginning. 

Vol.  IV.  3 


■/ 


./«-•" 


S4 


INFOBHATION  BXLATIVE   TO 


<''First,  a  person  is  Docessary  to  superintend  the  working  men ; 
he  ought  to  be  acquainted  with  farming. 

Industrious  country  people,  conversant  with  the  working  and 
cultivation  of  land,  and  possessing.a  knowledge  of  cattle. 

It  would  not  be  unprofitable  to  add  to  these  some  Highland 
boors,  from  the  Veluwe,'  Gulick,«  Cleef,'  and  Berg.* 

Northerners  are  a  people  adapted  to  cutting  down  trees  and 
clearing  land,  inasmuch  as  they  are  very  laborious  and  accus- 
tomed to  work  in  the  woods. 

-Northerners  can  do  almost  anything,  some  can  build  much, 
others  a  little,  and  construct  smaU  craft  which  they  call  yawls. 

Carpenters  who  can  lay  brick. 

Smiths  conversant  with  heavy  work,  curing  cattle  and  pro- 
vided with  suitable  medicines.    ' 

One  or  more  surgeons,  according  to  the  number  of  the  people, 
with  a  chest  well  supplied  with  all  sorts  of  drugs. 

One  or  more  Coopers. 

A  Clergyman,  Comforter  of  the  sick,  or  precentor  who  could 
also  act  as  Schoolmaster. 

A  Wheelwright. 

All  other  tradesmen  would  [be  required]  in  time ;  the  above 
mentioned  mechanics  are  the  most  necessary  at  first.  In  order 
to  promote  population  through  such  and  other  means,  the  people 
must  be  provided  with  Freedoms  and  Privileges  so  as  to  induce 
them  to  quit  their  Fatherland,  and  emigrate  with  their  families 
beyond  the  sea  to  this  far  distant  New  Netherland.  And  as  poor 
people  have  no  means  to  defray  the  cost  of  passage  and  other 
expenses,  it  were  desirable  that  wealthy  individuals  would  expend 
some  capital,  to  people  this  country  or  at  their  own  expense 
remove  themselves  like  the  English  of  New  England,  with  funds 
and  a  large  body  of  working  men,  and  provide  those  without 
means,  with  land,  dwelling,  cattle,  tools  and  necessary  support ; 
and  that,  until  they  could  derive  the  necessary  maintenance  from 
the  soil  and  the  increase  of  cattle,  after  which  time  they  would 

'*  1  The  district  of  Arnhem,  in  the  Province  of  Gelderland. 
2  A  German  town  west  of  Keulen. 
8  Between  the  Rtiine  and  the  Grerman  frontier. 
4  The  Duchy  of  Berg  is  about  four  or  fire  miles  S.  East  of  Arnhem. 


TAKING  UP  LAITD  IV  NEW  KETHBBLAND. 


ss 


be  able  to  pay  yearly  a  reasonable  quit  rent  to  their  Lords  and 
Masters  from  the  e£fects  in  their  possession. 

By  the  population  and  cultivation  of  the  aforesaid  lands  those 
who  shall  have  disbursed  funds  for  the  removal  of  the  laboring 
classes  the  purchase  of  cattle  and  all  other  expenses,  would,  in 
process  of  some  years,  after  Gfod  had  blessed  the  tillage,  and  the 
increase  of  the  cattle,  derive  a  considerable  revenue  in  grain, 
meat,  pork,  butter,  and  tobacco,  which  form  at  first  the  earliest 
returns,  in  time  can  be  improved  by  industry,  such  as  the  making 
pot  and  pearl  ashes,  clapboards,  knees  for  ship  building,  staves, 
all  sorts  of  pine  and  oak  plank,  masts  for  large  ships,  square 
timber,  and  ash  and  hickory  planks  in  which  a  staple  trade  could 
be  established.  The  English  of  New  England  put  this  in  prac- 
tice, as  is  to  be  seen,  after  the  land  had  be^  first  brought  to 
proper  condition ;  they  sell  their  provisions  at  the  Oaribbean 
Islands,  staves  at  Madeira  and  the  Canaries,  Masts  and  Fish  in 
Spain  and  Portugal,  and  bring  in  return  all  sorts  of  commodities, 
so  much  of  which  returns  as  they  do  not  consume  are  again 
distributed  by  them  thoughout  all  the  Islands  known  and  inhab- 
ited in  the  Northern  part  of  America.  So  that  through  the 
variety  of  the  returns,  which  of  necessity  was  received,  a  profita- 
ble trade  is  already  established  in  New  England,  which  can  also 
be  right  well- set  on  foot  by  the  Netherlanders,  if  the  population 
of  the  country  were  promoted. 

The  following  is  the  mode  pursued  by  the  West  India  Company  in 
the  first  planting  of  Bouweries. 

The  Company,  at  their  own  cost  and  in  their  own  ships 
conveyed  several  boors  to  New  Netherland,  and  gave  these  the 
following  terms : — 

The  farmer,  being  conveyed  with  his  family  over  sea  to  New 
Netherland,  was  granted  by  the  Company  for  the  term  of  six 
years  a  Bouwery,  which  was  partly  cleared,  and  a  good  part  of 
whicli  was  fit  for  the  plough. 

The  Company  furnished  the  farmer  a  house,  barn,  farming 
implements  and  tools,  together  with  four  horses,  fpur  cows,  sheep 
and  pigs  in  proportion,  the  usufruct  and  enjoyment  of  wl»ich  the 
husbandman  should  have  during  the  s\tl  years,  and  on  the 


INVOBMATIOll  BBL<ATIVZ  TO 


m 


•zpliatioa  thereof  Ntum  tba  number  of  c|ttle  he  received.  The 
entire  increase  remained  with  the  &rmer.  The  fiirmer  was 
bound  to  pay  yearly  one  hundred  guilders  ($40)  and  eighty 
pounds  of  butter  rent  for  the  cleared  land  and  bouwery. 

Tlie  country  people  who  obtained  the  above  mentioned 
conditions  all  prospered  during  their  residence  on  the  Company's 
lands. 

Afterwards  the  cattle  belonging  to  the  Ck>mpany  in  New 
Netherland  were  distributed  for  son»e  years  among  those  who 
had  no  means  to  purchase  stock. 

The  risk  of  the  Cattle  dying  is  shared  in  common  and  after  the 
expiration  T)f  the  contract,  the  Company  receives,  if  the  Cattle 
live,  the  number  the  husbandman  first  received,  and  the  increase 
which  is  over,  is  divided  half  and  half,  by  which  means  many 
people  have  obtained  stock  and  even  to  this  day,  the  Company 
have  still  considerable  cattle  among  the  Colonists,  who  make  use 
on  the  above  conditions  of  the  horses  in  cultivating  the  &rm ; 
the  cows  serve  for  the  increase  of  the  stock  and  for  the  support 
of  their  fiunilies. 

The  foregoing,  is  what  is  necessary  to  be  communicated  at 
present  respecting  the  establishment  of  one  or  more  Colonies  and 
relative  to  supplies.  What  regards  the  government  and  preser- 
vation of  such  Colonies  J  and  what  persons  ought  to  be  in 
authority  there  and  who  these  ought  to  be,  I  leave  to  the  wise 
and  prudent  consideration  of  your  noble  High  Mightinesses. 
Meanwhile  I  pray  the  Creator  of  Heaven  and  Earth  to  endow 
your  High  Mightinesses  with  the  Spirit  of  grace  and  wisdom, 
io  that  all  your  High  Migtinesses'  deliberations  may  tend  to  the 
advantage  of  the  Country  and  its  Inhabitants. 


pffe 


IV. 


JOURNAL 


OF  THS 


SECOND   ESOPUS   WAR; 

BY  CAPT.  MARTIN  KREGIER. 

With  an  account  of  the  Massacre  at  Wildwyok, 
(now  Kingston,) 

And  the  namei  of  fhow  killed,  wounded,  and  taken  prisonen,  bj  the  Indkoi  < 

that  occadon. 

1663. 


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The  Court  ai 


IV I 


m& 


Ho  ffffi  fci^T^  ^Miiilfjrt'st'i' 


Right  Honoral) 
creet  Lords. 

We,  your  Hoi 
to  the  order  of  tb 
of  a  Journal,  thai 
the  30th  of  May 
fiedon  the  5U>  of 
the  Rt  HonbJ*  B 
presents,  and  to 
municated  to  the 
they  answered—' 
Hon»»i«  Heer  Dir 
sons,  sit  with  the 
their  own  custon 
other  pegotiatio 
statement,  surpi 
and  12  o'clock 
Entering  in  ban 
tered  themselves 
manner,  having 
sell  to  our  Inhal 
their  houses,  an 
cover  our  strenj 
short  quarter  of 
back  rushed  thi 
out-«TheIndi 
these  words,  th 
a  shot  and  mad 
murdering  our 


k 


"/■  r,?-,'-f:t   rm-^irhit.  fr'tc  ."-Hf'" 


MASSACRE  AT  THE  ESOPUS. 
Th€  Court  at  WUdwyck  to  the  Council  of  JV.  Jfethtrland. 

Right  Honorable,  most  respected,  wise,  prudent  and  very  dis- 
creet Lords. 

We,  your  Honors'  faithful  subjects  have  to  report,  pursuant 
to  the  order  of  the  R*  "Ejod^^*  Heer  Director  General,  hi  the  form 
of  a  Journal,  that  in  obedience  to  his  Honor's  order,  received  on 
the  30t>>  of  May  last,  we  caused  the  Indian  Sachems  to  be  noti- 
fied on  the  5^  of  June,  to  be  prepared  to  expect  the  arrival  of 
the  Rt  Honbi*  Heer  Director  General,  to  receive  the  promised 
presents,  and  to  renew  the  peace.  This  notification  was  com- 
municated to  them  through  Capt.  Thomas  Chambers,  to  which 
they  answered—"  If  peace  were  to  be  renewed  with  them,  the 
Hon>>i*  Ueer  Director  General  should,  with  some  unarmed  per- 
sons, sit  with  them  in  the  open  field,  without  the  gate,  as  it  was 
their  own  custom  to  meet  unarmed  when  renewing  peace  or  in 
other  negotiations."  But  they,  unmindfid  of  the  preceding 
statement,  surprized  and  attacked  us  between  the  hours  of  11 
and  12  o'cloclc  in  the  forenoon  on  Thursday  the  7*^  instant 
Entering  in  bands  through  all  the  gates,  they  divided  and  3 '^t 
tered  themselves  among  all  the  houses  and  dwellings  in  a  ftvbiii'tXy 
manner,  having  with  them  a  little  maize  and  some  few  beans  to 
sell  to  our  Inhabitants,  by  which  means  they  kept  them  within 
their  houses,  and  thus  went  from  place  to  place  as  spies  to  dis- 
cover our  strength  in  men.  And  after  they  had  been  about  a 
short  quarter  of  an  hour  within  this  place,  some  people  on  horse- 
back rushed  through  the  Mill  gate  from  the  New  Village,  crying 
out—"  The  Indians  have  destroyed  the  New  Tillage !"  And  with 
these  words,  the  Indians  here  in  this  Village  immediately  fired 
a  shot  and  made  a  general  attack  on  our  village  from  the  rear, 
murdering  our  people  in  their  houses  with  their  axes  and  toma- 


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40 


JOURITAL  OF  THE 


hawks,  and  firing  on  them  with  guns  and  pistols ;  they  seized 
whatever  women  and  children  they  could  catch  and  carried  them 
prisoners  outside  the  gates,  plimdered  the  houses  and  set  the 
village  on  fire  to  windward,  it  blowing  at  the  time  from  the 
South.  The  remaining  Indians  commanded  all  the  streets,  firing 
from  the  comer  houses  which  they  occupied  and  through  the 
curtains  outside  along  the  highways,  so  that  some  of  our  inlm- 
bltants,  on  their  way  to  their  houses  to  get  their  arms,  were 
wounded  and  slain.  When  the  flames  were  at  their  height  the 
wind  changed  to  the  west,  were  it  not  for  which  the  fire  would 
have  been  much  more  destructive.  So  rapidly  and  silently  did 
Murder  do  his  work  that  those  in  different  parts  of  the  village 
were  not  aware  of  it  until  those  who  had  been  wounded  hap- 
pened to  meet  each  other,  in  wliich  way  the  most  of  the  others 
also  had  warning.  The  greater  portion  of  our  men  were  abroad 
at  their  field  lalK>r8,  and  but  few  in  the  village.  Near  the  mill 
gate  were  Albert  Gysbertsen  with  two  servants,  and  Tjerck 
Claesen  de  Wit ;  at  the  Sheriff's,  himself  with  two  carpenters, 
two  clerks  and  one  thresher ;  at  Cornelius  Barentsen  Sleght's, 
liimself  and  his  son';  at  the  Domine's,  himself  and  two  carpen- 
ters and  one  labouring  man ;  at  the  guard  house,  a  few  soldiers ; 
ut  the  gate  towards  the  river,  Henderick  Jochemsen  and  Jacob, 
the  Brewer  J  but  Hendrick  Jochemsen  was  very  severely 
wounded  in  his  house  by  two  shots  at  an  early  hour.  By  these 
aforesaid  men,  most  of  whom  had  neither  guns  nor  side  arms, 
were  the  Indians,  through  Ck)d's  mercy,  chased  and  put  to  flight 
on  the  alarm  being  given  by  the  Sheriff.  Oapt.  Thomas  Cham- 
bers, who  was  wounded  on  coming  in  firom  without,  issued 
immediate  orders  (with  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries,)  to  secure 
the  gates ;  to  clear  the  gun  and  to  drive  out  the  Savages,  who 
were  still  about  half  an  hour  in  the  village  aiming  at  their  per- 
sons, which  was  accordingly  done.  The  burning  of  the  houses, 
the  murder  and  .carrying  off  of  women  and  children  is  here 
omitted,  as  these  have  been  already  communicated  to  your 
Honors  on  the  10^  June.  After  these  few  men  had  been  col- 
lected against  the  Barbarians,  by  degrees  the  others  arrived  who 
it  has  been  stated,  were  abroad  at  their  field  labors,  and  we 
found  oiu^elves  when  mustered  in  the  evening,  including  those 


fBOOND  ESOPVS  WAE. 


41 


from  the  new  village  who  took  refVige  amongst  us,  In  number 
69  efficient  men,  both  qualified  and  unqualified.  The  burnt 
palisades  were  immediately  replaced  by  new  ones,  and  the  peo- 
ple distributed^  during  the  night,  along  the  bastions  and  curtains 
to  keep  watch. 

On  the  10<i)  inst.,  10  horsiamen  were  commanded  to  ride  down 
to  the  Redoubt  >  and  to  examine  its  condition.  They  returned 
with  word  that  the  soldiers  at  the  Redoubt  had  not  seen  any 
Indians.  They  brought  also  with  them  the.Sergeant,  who  had  gone 
the  preceding  morning  to  the  Redoubt,  and  as  he  heard  on  liis  ' 
return  of  tlie  mischief  committed  by  the  Indians  in  the  village, 
le  went  back  to  the  Redoubt  and  staid  there.  In  addition  to 
tae  Sergeant  they  brought  the  men  who  had  fled  ^rom  the  new 
vJlage. 

On  the  16Ui,.  towards  evening,  Sergeant  Christiaen  Nlessen 
went  with  a  troop  of  soldiers,  sent  us  by  your  Honors,  being  42  * 
mea,  and  tliree  wagons,  to  the  Redoubt,  with  letters  for  the 
Maihatans,  addressed  to  your  Honors,  and  to  bring  up  ammu- 
nition from  the  Redoubt.  On  their  return,  the  Indians  made 
an  attempt,  at  the  first  hill,  to  take  the  ammunition  from  these 
troops.  The  Sergeant  having  divided  his  men  into  separate 
bodies,  evinced  great  courage  against  the  Indians,  skirmishing 
with  them  from'  the 'first,  to  past  the  second  hill,  and  defending 
the  wagons  so  well  that  they  arrived  -in  safety  in  the  village. 
He  had,  however,  one  killed  and  six  wounded.  The  dead  man 
was  brought  in  next  morning,  having  been  stripped  naked, 
and  having  had  his  right  hand  cut  off  by  the  Indians.  Some  of 
the  Indians  were  also  killed,  but  the  number  of  these  is  not 
known.  This  skirmishing  having  been  heard  in  the  village,  a 
reinforcement  of  horse  and  foot  was  immediately  ordered  out, 
but  before  they  arrived  the  Indians  had  been  put  to  flight  by 
the  above  named  Sergeant. 

This,  Right  Honi>i^  Lords,  is  what  we  have  deemed  necessary 
to  communicate  to  you  in  the  form  of  a  journal  as  to  how  and  in 
what  manner  the  Indians  have  acted  towards  us  and  we  towards 
them  in  the  preceding  circumstances.    And  we  humbly  and 


mimi'^r. 


pwn'^. 


1  Rondont. 


V  ■   1* 


•I  "■  "• 


•  !v'»V 


•1>A 


•  • 


i-,i,. 


/'-ll 


.f'. 


42 


JOVRMAL  or  THI 


n     4 


respectfully  request  your  Honors  to  be  pleased  to  send  us  hither 
for  the  wounded  by  the  earliest  opportunity,  some  prunes  and 
linen  with  some  wine  to  strengthen  them,  and  whatever  else  not 
obtainable  here  your  Honors  may  think  proper  ;  also,  carabines, 
cutlasses,  and  ^un  flints,  and  we  request  that  the  carabines  may 
he  Snaphaunce,  as  the  people  here  are  but  little  conversant  with 
the  use  of  the  arquebuse  (vyer  roer) ;  also  some  spurs  for  the 
horsemen.  In  addition  to  this,  also,  some  reinforcements  in  men 
inasmuch  as  harvest  will  commence  in  about  14  days  from  date. 
Herewith  ending,  we  commend  your  Honors  to  God's  fatherl/ 
care  and  protection.    Done,  Wildwyck  this  20t>>  June  1663.    / 

ROELOF  SWARTWOUT,  ' 

'  / 

the  mark  of  Albert  Oybbcrtsem, 

TiKRECK  Classen  deWitti 
Thomas  Ghamberv, 
Otsbert  Vak  Imbroch,  ' 

Ghristiakit  Nyssbw, 

HbNDRIOX  JOOIBMSEII. 


LIST  OF  THE  KILLED  AT  WILDWYCK. 


Barent  Gerretsen 
Jan  Alberts 
Leohten  Dirreck 
Willem  Jansen  Seba 
Willem  Jansen  Hap 
Jan  the  Smith 
Hendriok  Jansen  Looman 
Thomas  Chambers'  negro 
Hey  Olferts 


Hendrick  Martensen 
Dominicus 
Ohristiaen  Andriesen 


Men. 

murdered  in  front  of  his  house, 
in  his  house, 
on  the  farm, 
opposite  his  door, 
in  Pieter  van  HaePs  hontew 
in  his  house, 
on  the  &rm. 
on  the  farm, 
in  the  gunner's  house. 


u 
tt 
tt 
u 
tt 
tt 
tt 
tt 


Soldiers. 

on  the  farm 

in  Jan  Alberts'  house. 

on  the  Street. 


■-h 


Jan  Gerritseo 


•xcoin>  nopvi  wae. 


4» 


Women. 

liohten  Dimok'8  wife  burnt  j  with  her  loi t  frnit,  behind  Barent 

Gerritsen's  house. 
Mattys  Caplto's  wife  killed  and  burnt  in  the  house. 
Jan  Albertsen's  wife,  big  with  child,  killed  in  front  of  her 

house. 
Pieter  Tan  Hael's  wife  shot  and  burnt  in  her  house. 

Children. 

Jan  Alberts  little  girl  murdered  with  her  mother. 

Willem  Hap's  child  burnt  alive  in  the  house. 

« 

Taken  Prisoners. 

t 

Master  Gysbert's  wife.'    Hester  Douwe. 
Sara  the  daughter  of  Hester  Douwtf . 
Orielje,  Domine  Laer's  wife. 

Femmelje,  sister  of  Hille^e,  being  reeently  married  to  Jooft 
Ariaens. 

Children. 

Tjerck  Glaessen  de  Witt's  oldest  daughter.  ' 

Dominie  Laer's  child. 

Ariaen  Gerritsen's  daughter. 

Two  little  boys  of  Mattys  Boeloffien. 

Killed  in  the  New  Village:  ^ 

Men. 

Marten  Harmensen  found  dead  and  stript  naked  behind  the 
wagon. 
Jacques  Tyssen  beside  Barent's  house. 
Derrick  Ariaensen  shot  on  his  horse. 


f 


i   * 


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,  r    *  , 


•r 


• 


.  ii  .  ,•. 


i  m 


1   ,♦ 


ii.  ■  I 


m^f 


Hr 


'.•■iii 


'  ■ ; .» 


Taken  prisoners: 
Men. 

n. 

Jan  Oerritsen  on  Volckert's  bouwery. 

1  Surgeon  Imbroch'a  wifb  was  the  daughter  of  fiie  Honble  Ur.  La  Hontaiple, 
Tioe  Director  of  fort  Orange. 


.■■'■' 


■ 

'w' 

JB'' 

tii^H'  ' 

p: 

H'' 

'i^ 

m 

f'       .     *' 

m 

fe' 

^i 


[•Silt : -J  ' 


:*-n 


|;.K 


'»- 


44 


JOURNAL  OF  THE 


Of  Louwis  du  bois, 

Of  Mattheu  blanchan, , 

Of  Antoni  Crupel, 

Of  Lambert  Huybertsen, .... 

Of  Marten  Harraensen, 

Of  Jan  JoGSten, 

Of  Barent  Harmensen, 

Of  Grietje  Westercamp, 

Of  Jan  Barents, 

Of  Michiel  Ferpe,» 

Of  Henderick  Jochems,  . . . . ! 
Of  Henderick  Martensen,  . . . 
Of  Albert  Heymans, 


•  * .... 


Women. 
1 

1 
I 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 


Chfldren 
8 
2 
1 
3 
4 
2 
1 
3 
1 
2 
1 

...     I 
2 


Of  Michiel  Ferre, . . . , 
OfWiilem  Hap,  ... 
Of  Mattys  Roeloffsen, 
Of  Albert  Gerretsen, 
OfLichten  Dirrick,. 


Women  8  Gli'n  26 

Houses  burnt  in  Wildwyck. 

1      Of  Hans  Carolusen, . .  "l  'I'T^  1 

1      OfPietervanHael, 1 

..    1      Of  Jacob  boerhans, 2 

. .     1      Of  Barent  Gerretsen, 2 

..    1      Of  Mattys, 1 


Houses  12 
The  new  village  is  entirely  destroyed  exoept  a  new  uucovered 
bam,  one  rick  and  a  little  stack  of  reed. 

Wounded  in  Wildwyck. 


Thomas  Chambers) 

shot  in  the  woods.         ^^^^i  tv^^^^^- 

Henderick  Jochemsen, 

«    in  his  house.                     •^'  "'•' 

Michiel  Ferre,' 

"    in  front  of  his  house.    ^"'''''*' 

Albert  Gerretsen, 

«»    In  front  of  his  house.     '^>*^^''' * 

Andries  Barents, 

"    in  front  of  his  house. 

Jan  d:i  parck. 

«    in  the  house  ofAertPietersen  Tack 

Henderick  the  Heer  Director  General's  Servant  in  the  street  in 

front  of  Aert  Jacobsen. 

•.;         .V    ;".    ■:..;       i\y    rr!      ■'  : 

Paulus  the  Noorman  ir 

I  the  street. 

.1  <..  ."(-. 


^fhii 


1  Sic  in  Orig.    Qu.  Frore  1 

2  Died  of  bis  wounds  on  the  16th  June. 


SECOND  E&uPaS  WAR. 


JOUKNAL  OP  THE  ESOPUS  WAll.    1563. 


41 


rfi 


■  rtiJ' 


On  the  401  July  we  entered  the  Esopus  Kill  in  front  of  the 
Redoubt  with  the  .two  Yachts,  and  sent  the  Sergeant  Picter  Ebel 
with  40  men  up  to  the  village  WUdwyck  to  fetch  wagons  ;  he 
returned  to  the  river  side  about  2  o'clock  in  the  afternoon 
accompanied  by  Serjeant  Christiaen  Nyssen,  60  men  and  9  wagons; 
they  loaded  these  and  departed  with  them  to  the  Village  where 
I  arrived  towards  evening.  Saw  nothing  in  the  world  except 
three  Indians  on  a  high  hill  near  the  Redoubt. 

5^  ditto.  Returned  to  the  water  side  with  60  men,  10  horse- 
men, and  9  wagons  to  bring  up  supplies,  but  saw  scarcely  any- 
thing on  the  way. 

6^  ditto.  Made  another  journey  to  the  shore  with  10  wagons 
and  brought  up  the  remainder  of  the  supplies,  but  did  not  per- 
ceive anything.  In  the  evening  went  for  grass  with  12  wagons 
30  Soldiers  and  10  horsemen  ;  then  saw  10  or  12  Indians  calling 
to  each  other  but  nothing  farther  transpired. 

7ti>  ditto.  Went  again  twice  for  grass  with  50  men  and  12 
horsemen  but  saw  nothing.  Two  Indians  arrived  at  the  fort 
about  2  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  with  a  deer  and  some  fish.  Said 
they  came  from  the  river  side  and  that  they  had  been  at  the 
Redoubt  where  they  had  traded  some  fish  for  tobacco ;  that  they 
had  left  their  Canoe  at  the  Redoubt,  &  that  they  are  Wappinger 
Indians.  Meanwhile  detained  them  and  conveyed  them  to  the 
guard  house.  ^ 

S^h  ditto.  Sunday.  About  noon  came  5  Indians  near  our  fort 
—they  called  out  to  us  to  know  if  we  had  any  Indians  in  the 
fort  ?  To  which  we  answered.  Yes  :  They  asked,  why  we  de- 
tained them  as  they  were  Wappinger  Indians  1  To  which  we 
answered,  they  ought  to  keep  at  a  distance  as  we  could  not  dis- 
tmguish  one  tribe  of  Indians  from  another,  and  if  we  found  that 
they  had  not  done  any  injury  to  the  Dutch,  we  should  release 
them.  We  told  them  also,  that  they  must  keep  away  from  here, 
and  go  home,  for  if  we  should  meet  them  in  the  woods  we  would 
kill  them  as  well  as  the  other  Indians — ^if  they  were  desirous  to 
come  here  to  speak  to  us,  they  must  stick  up  a  white  flag. 


f 


I  '  A 


* 


". ) 


:  .  ^ 


t  , 


^:.\ 


«r 


'«-)l 
m 


46 


JOURNAL  OF   THE 


^5 


'i>-^/       • 


....•,   » 


:■!(■■     • 


Whereupon  they  aiuwered,  'Tis  well,  adieu;  and  thereupon 
went  their  way.  Immediately  after  their  departure,  sent  out  40 
soldiers  and  10  horsemen  to  look  after  the  cattle,  whether  they 
had  not  been  near  them,  but  on  reaching  these  they  did  not 
remark  any  mischief— they,  therefore,  returned  with  the  cattle 
to  the  fort.  After  the  afternoon  sermon  we  examined  the  oldest 
Indian  as  to  whether  he  was  not  acquainted  with  some  Esopus 
Indians  and  whether  he  would  not  lead  us  to  them — gave  him 
fair  words  and  promised  him  a  present ;  for  the  Dutch  at  the 
Esopus  had  told  us  that  some  Indians  dwelt  about  two  miles 
from  there,  wherefore  we  were  resolved  to  go  in  search  of  them 
the  same  evening  with  50  men.  But  this  Indian  said  to  us— Go 
not  there,  for  the  Indians  have  gone  thence  and  dwell  now  back 
of  Magdalen  Island'  on  the  main  land  in  the  rear  of  a  Cripple 
bush  on  the  east  side  of  Fort  Orange  river,  and  number  8  men 
9  women  and  11  children;  and  he  even  offered  to  guide  us 
thither  if  we  had  a  boat  to  put  us  across  the  river.  Whereupon 
it  was  resolved  by  the  Council  of  War  to  despatch  two  parties 
that  same  evening  to  procure  some  craft  to  put  us  over  the  river. 
I,  therefore,  sent  Sergeant  Christiaen  Nyssen  and  Jan  Peersen, 
each  with  16  men,  to  look  up  a  boat.  The  same  old  Indian 
betrayed  his-  companion  who  had  come  with  him  on  tlie  preced- 
ing day  into  the  fort — stating  that  lie  had  assisted  the  Esopus 
Indians  against  the  Dutch,  and  for  so  doing  had  received  in  hand 
6  fathom  of  Sewan,  [wampum] ;  that  9  Wappingers  and  30 
Manissings  were  with  the  Esopus  Indians  and  aided  them — also 
that  he  said  they  were  together  about  200  Indians  strong. 

9"»  ditto.    Monday  I  marclied  very  early,  [with  40  Soldiers] 
and  10  horsemen  to  tlie  water  side  to  ride  up  and  planks 

to  construct  a  Cabin  to  store  the  provisions  and  ammunition. 
About  o'clock  the  two  detachments,  I  had  sent  out  in  the 
evening,  to  look  for  craft,  came  to  me  at  the  Redoubt,  but  they 
saw  neither  Indians  nor  boat.  They  were  marched  all  together  to 
fort  Wildwyck  and  arrived  there  about  12  o'clock  Tlien  sent  30 
men  with  10  horsemen  out  scouting,  who  returned  about  4 


1  Magdalen  island  is  situate  between  the  Upper  and  Lower  Red  Hook  Landings. 
These  Indians  must  therefore  have  been  in  the  town  of  Redhook — Dutches»  co. 


SECOND  ESOPUS   WAR. 


It 


o'clock ;  had  seen  nothing.  About  6  o'clock  Peiter  Wolfertsen  * 
and  Lieutenant  Stilwil  arrived  here  with  their  troops ;  I  then 
immediately  called  a  Council  of  War  and  it  was  resolved  unani- 
mously to  set  out  in  the  evening  with  20  Soldiers  and  12  Indians 
under  the  conunand  of  Christiaen  Niesen  and  Peiter  Woli'ertsen 
in  order  to  visit  the  East  shore  near  Magdalen  Island,  to  see  if 
they  could  not  surprize  the  Esopus  Indians  who  were  lying  there  ; 
they  took  the  old  Indian  along  as  a  guide,  who  well  knew  where 
they  lay. 

10*  dito.  I  have  gone  again  to  the  river  side  with  40  Soldiers 
and  10  horsemen  to  fetch  plank.  In  returning,  the  horse  men 
on  the  right  flank  rode  too  far  from  the  foot  soldiers  and  alongside 
the  mountain  on  which  12  to  15  Savages  lay  in  ambush  who 
simultaneously  fired  a  at  the  horsemen  one  of  whom  they  shot 
through  the  boot,  and  grazed  a  horse.  On  hearing  this,  we 
immediate ty  reinforced  the  cavalry  with  25  men,  pursued  the 
Indians  through  the  mountain  a  good  half  hour,  but  they  would 
not  once  make  a  stand  ;  we  therefore  returned  to  the  wagons 
where  I  had  left  15  men  and  marched  together  to  the  Village  of 
Wildwyck.  In  the  afternoon,  the  scouting  party  went  out 
again  ;  I  sent  therewith  Lieutenant  Stilwil  with  15  men  of  his 
Company  and  Sergeant  Pieter  Ebel  with  28  men  &  20  Indians 
with  10  horsemen.  They  discovered  nothingexcept  a  path  which 
the  Indians  found  by  which  Savages  had  recently  passed  to  their 
fort ;  they  followed  this  a  long  way,  but  saw  nothing.  Mean- 
while, they  returned  all  together. 

11***  ditto.  Again  sent  out  a  party  to  the  Mountain  near  the 
water  side,  but  they  saw  nothing  ;  they  returned  in  the  evening. 

12*'»  ditto.  Pieter  Wolfertsen  &  Sergeant  Niessen  returned  with 
their  troops,  bringing  with  them  one  Squaw  and  three  children 
whom  they  had  captured  ;  they  killed  five  armed  Indians  and  a 
woman  ;  the  Esopus  Captain  (  Weldoverste)  was.  among  the  slain ; 
they  cut  off  his  hand  which  they  brought  hither.  Had  not  the 
Indian  led  them  astray  and  missed  the  houses,  they  would  have 
surprized  all  the  Indians  who  were  there  to  the  number  of  28, 
with  women  and  children.  For  through  the  mistake  of  the 
Indian,  our  people  first  came  about  midday  where  they  found 

1  Yen  Gouwenhoven. 


«.    '  *f 


4l 


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f 


,:f. 


>'    ... 


!* 


I'.    1 


■^ 


"i-w- 


it» 


«!■* 


'in 


Sa!* 


flf^ 


48 


JOURNAL  OF  THE 


the  Indians  posted  and  in  arms.  They  immediately  fell  on  the 
latter  and  routed  and  pursued  them.  In  the  chase  one  of  our 
soldiers  was  slain.  Meanwhile  the  huts  were  plundered  wherein 
they  found  19  Blankets  9  Kettles  a  lot  of  Sewan,  and  4  Muskets 
belonging  to  the  Indians  who  were  killed.  They  returned  on 
board  with  the  plunder  and  four  prisoners,  and  arrived  safe 
except  one  of  our  Soldiers  who  was  bit  in  the  leg  by  a  rattlesnake. 
About  5  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  I  went  with  60  men  to  the 
river  side,  to  bring  up  the  booty  and  prisoners ;  returned  to 
the  Ibrt  in  the  evening  ;  encountered  jio  harm. 

13'h  ditto.  Examined  the  Squaw  prisoner  and  enquired  if 
she  were  not  acquainted  with  some  Esopus  Indians  who  abode 
about  here  1  She  answered  that  some  Cattskill  Indians  lay  on 
the  other  side  neai-  the  Sagers  Kill,  but  they  would  not  fight 
against  the  Dutch ;  says  also  that  an  Indian  on  the  preceding 
evening  before  dur  people  attacked  them,  had  brought  news 
from  the  fort  of  the  Esopus  Indians  that  many  Dutch,  English 
and  Indians  had  gone  from  the  Manhataus  to  the  Esopus  and 
that  they  should  be  on  their  guard,  for  the  Hackinsack  Indians 
had  brought  the  news  to  the  fort  of  the  Esopus  Indians.  Then 
Long  Jacob,  the  Chief  who  lived  there  with  the  Indians,  demanded, 
What  should  they  do  ?  Should  they  fly  toward  their  fort  or 
pot  1  They  then  concluded  to  remain  there,  for  the  Chief  said, 
Were  the  Dutch  to  come  to  the  Fort  and  we  also  were  in  it,  we 
should  be  all  slaughtered ;  tis  best  for  us  to  remain  here  on  the 
opposite  shore  ;  tlie  Dutch  would  not  learn  much  of  us ;  States 
also  further,  that  the  Indian  had  said  that  40  Manissiug  Indians 
had  arrived  at  their  fort,  and  that  40  more  were  to  come  on  the 
next  day ;  further  says,  that  each  niglit  they  conveyed  the 
prisoners  always  to  a  particular  place  without  tlie  fort  and 
remained  themselves  therein  ;  says  also  that  they  were  resolved 
to  make  a  stand  in  their  fort,  and  that  they  had,  moreover,  in 
their  fort  9  horses  witli  which  they  draw  palisades,  and  had  sold 
a  horse  to  the  Mannissing  Indians  ;  that  the  Indians  had  also 
three  liouses  in  which  they  reside,  these  were  4  hours  farther  off; 
says  also,  that  one  Sachem  in  the  fort  would  advise  them  to 
n^otiate  peace,  but  the  other  Sachems  would  not  listen  to  it ; 
says  also,  tliat  the  fort  is  defended  by  three  rows  of  palisades, 


SECOND  ESOPUS   WAR. 


4» 


and  the  houses  in  the  fort  encircled  by  thick  cleft  palisades  with 
port  holes  in  them,  and  covered  with  bark  of  tr*'^  j  says  th^t 
the  fort  is  quadrangular  but  that  the  Angles  are  coustructed 
between  the  first  and  second  rows  of  palisades  and  that  the 
third  row  of  palisades  stands  full  eight  feet  off  from  the  others 
towards  the  interior,  between  the  two  first  rows  of  palisades  and 
the  houses,  and  that  the  fort  stands  on  the  brow  of  a  hill  and  all 
around  is  table  land.  r»ii().«  .  i...ih 

Sent  also  for  M'.  Gysbert's  wife'  and  asked  her  if  it  were  so  1 
She  answered,  it  was  true,  and  said  they  had  built  a  point  near 
unto  the  water  to  secure  it.  Tlien  agdin  examined  the  Wappin- 
ger  prisoner  and  asked,  yrhy  he  had  aided  the  Esopus  Indians  1 
Said  it  was  not  true  and  that  his  mate,  the  old  Indian,  had  beli,ed 
him.  Asked  him  if  Jie  would  guide  us  to  the  fort  of  the  £sopus 
Indians'?  Answered,  Yes;  and  says  the  £sopus  Indians  are 
about  80  warriors  strong,  but  does  not  know  how  many  have 
come  there  belonging  to  other  tribes.  Says  also  that  the  fort  is 
defended  with  triple  rows  of  palisades,  as  the  Squaw  had  stated. 
Whereupon  the  council  of  wax*  decided,  firstly  to  await  news 
either  from  above  or  below  as  to  what  the  Mohawks  had  resolved 
respecting  the  prisoners — ^whether  they  could  have  them  restored 
before  our  troops  should  proceed  against  the  fort  to  achieve  the 
self  same  thing.  On  the  same  day  two  detachments  went  out ; 
one  to  scout,  the  other  on  an  expedition,  but  they  returned  in 
the  evening,  having  seen  scarcely  any  thing. 

14^  ditto.  50  men  were  out  again  in  the  woods  behind  the 
new  burnt  village  and  a  scouting  party,  but  hardly  any  thing 
occm'red,  nor  was  any  thing  seen.  ,;«  oiir^iHU^r..  ft^iJ^rr 

1 5ti>  ditto.  The  Heer  de  Decker  arrived  here  with  Jan  Da  vets 
and  5  Mohawks ;  had  them  conducted  from  the  river  side  by  50 
men  and  10  horsemen.    Nothing  else  transpired. 

16th  ditto.  The  Heer  de  Decker  assembled  the  Council  of 
War  and  it  was  resolved  that  Jan  Davets  accompany  the  5 
Mohawks  to  the  fort  of  the  Esopus  Indians  to  see  on  what  terms 
the  Christian  prisoners  will  be  restored,  but  after  divers  dis- 
courses Jan  Davets  declined  going  with  them,  although  the  Heer 

1  She  had  been  taken  prisoner  aa  before  stated  by  the  Indians  on  the  bnrning 
of  the  Village  of  Wildwyck  but  had  eflfect^d  her  escape— Ed. 
Vol. IV.  4 


■iN 


,■> 


.'< 


.  t/i 


0 


•^  >  »•■ 


,  '■*. 


-rP- 


*    '.  ♦ 


i  . 


% 


99  JOURHAL  OF  THE 

de  Decker  had,  the  day  before,  drawn  up  and  prepared  an 
Instruction  for  him,  but  before  the  time  appointed  he  refused  to 
go.  Meanwhile  it  is  resolved  that  the  Mohawks  should  go 
thither,  and  they  requested  of  us  that  they  might  take  with  them 
some  of  our  prisoners  to  present  them  to  the  Esopus  Indians  as  a 
suitable  introduction  to  obtain  some  of  their  prisoners  in  return, 
or  to  induce  them  to  surrender  them.  The  Council  concluded 
that  a  Captive  Girl  should  be  given  to  the  Mohawks  and  about 
63  guilders  in  Sewan  in  order  to  ascertain  what  they  could  accoui- 
plish  thereby  ;  for  it  was  reported  at  Fort  Orabge,  as  the  Heer 
de  Decker  informed  us,  that  the  £sopus  Indians  had  said — If 
they  could  obtain  payment  for  the  laud,  named  the  Great  Plot 
{het  g^roote  Stuck,)  then  they  should  give  up  all  the  prisoners. 
Now,  it  is  impossible  to  determine  whether  this  be  so  or  not. 
Meanwhile,  the  Mohawks  who  were  going  thither  were  directed 
■to  inquire  about  it,  and  they  promised  us  to  bring  us  an  answer 
the  next  day  about  noon.  Had  3  parties  out  in  the  interim ;  one 
to  the  shore  to  bring  cattle,  another  for  wood  and  a  third,  scout- 
ing. They  returned  all  at  the  same  time ;  experienced  no 
difficulty. 

17»i»  ditto.  Three  parties  were  out  in  ambush,  but  saw 
nothing. 

I8^i>  ditto.  Six  sloops  arrived  here  from  the  Mahhatans  in 
#hich  Juriaen  Blanck  brought  up  provisions  for  our  troops ;  had 
them  conveyed  up  under  a  guard;  a  party  was  also  in  the  field 
to  protect  those  reaping  the  Barley  and  a  party  lay  in  Ambush. 
They  returned  towards  evening ;  saw  nothing.  * 

-  lO*!"  ditto.  Sent  out  40  Soldiers  and  10  Indians  scouting,  they 
did  not  meet  any  one.  In  the  evening  about  7  o'clock,  the  three 
.  Mohawks  returned  from  the  Esopus  Indians.  They  had  brought 
three  Indians  and  two  Dutch  women  and  2  Children  whom  they 
left  about  two  hcrtirs  from  Wildtoyck  ;  said,  they  had  been  freely 
giveu^  and  had  they  not  been  so  tired,  they  should  have  brought 
them  with  them  to  the  fort;  said  the  Esopus  Indians  had  aban- 
doned the  fort,  and  had  retired  to  the  Mountains  where  they 
were  mostly  dispersed  here  &  there  hunting. 


,'rr-aof 


! 


SECOND  ES0PU8   WAR. 


u 


20^  ditto.  Sent  Jan  Davets  with  2  Mohawks  to  the  3  Esopus 
Indians  who  were  in  the  woods  with  the  ahovenamed  prisoners, 
to  see  if  he  could  get,  and  bring  with  him  the  four  prisoners  from 
here,  and  have  a  talk  with  the  Indians  relative  to  the  other  pri- 
soners ;  whether  they  will  not  restore  these  to  us ;  returned  about 
noon  with  a  woman  whom  one  of  the  Mohawks  had  fetched ; 
but  he,  himself,  had  not  been  with  the  Indians  as  one  of  the 
Mohawks  had  been  taken  sick  and  he  was  obliged  to  remain  with 
him.  In  the  afternoon  one  of  the  Mohawks  retui'ned  thither,  he 
took  with  him  half  a  loaf  for  the  prisoners  who  remained  with 
the  above  mentioned  Esopus  Indians.  Being  come  there,  he 
asked  the  Esopus  Indians  whether  they  would  not  entrust 
the  3.  prisoners  to  him  to  convey  them  to  the  .Dutch ;  where- 
upon they  allowed  him  to  take  the  3  prisoners,  with  whom 
he  arrived  at  the  fort  about  11  o'clock  at  night,  but  under 
promise  as  they  informed  us,  that  they  should  have  in  return 
their  three  prisoners  whom  we  held.  The  prisoners  told  us  that 
the  Esopus  Indians  had  fled  to  a  high  mountain  through  fear  of 
the  Duteh,  and  that  they  lay  he^re  and  there  in  small  bands,  and 
that  the  prisoners  were  also  distributed  and  dispersed  among 
them  here  and  there,  and  were  not  together  and  that  they  would 
not  trust  them  in  their  fort,  and  that  the  Indians  daily  threatened 
them— Should  the  Dutch  come  thither,  we  will  give  you  a  Knock 
and  Kill  you  all  at  once.  Were  thus  a  long  time  in  terror. 
Meanwhile  we  had  some  scouting  parties  out,  who  returned  hav 
ing  seen  nothing — ^had  also  a  party  to  cut  barley ;  came  back 
safe.  •' 

21*^  ditto.  Three  Sloops  have  come  irom  the  Manhatans,  with 
which  a  supply  of  provisions  for  this  garrison  has  arrived  in  Rut 
Jacobsen's  Tacht.  Sent  three  convoys  to  the  water  side  ahd 
parties  to  cut  com;  but  they  saw  nothing.  Sent  for  the  5 
Mohawks  and  Jan  Davets  acting  as  Interpreter,  informed  them 
what  insults  the  Dutch  of  Esopus  had  from  year  to  year  experi- 
enced and  suffered  from  the  Indians,  and  that  they  now  even 
this  last  time,  had  murdered  and  carried  off  our  people,  when 
we  had  given  them  no  provocation.  Whereupon  they  an- 
swered, Come,  give  us  a  piece  of  duffels ;  we  shall  afterwards 
go  with  it  and  see  whether  we  shall  not  be  able  to  recover  all 


'     1 


•       » 


.i  •■*/': 


I 


irH 


■?'* 


!■  JOURNAL  OF  THC 

the  priflouen.  .  It  was  accordingly  resolved  by  the  Heer  de 
Decker  and  Council  of  War,  that  a  piece  of  dnffels  should  be 
brought  up  from  the  river  side  and  given  them ;  which  being 
done,  they  took  the  piece  of  duffels,  cut  tt  into  three  parts,  and 
thus  departed  with  it  about  11  o'clock  in  the  forenoon ;  with 
them  went  Jan  Davets  with  the  Squaw  and  2  children  who  hod 
been  captured  by  us  and  were  released  in  exchange  for  the  2 
Dutch  women  and  2  children  whom  the  Indians  had  brought 
back. 

22<'  ditto.    A  scouting  party  went  out,  but  saw  nothing. 

23«l  ditto.  A  Party  went  to  the  river  side  to  bring  up  supplies, 
and  three,  to  cut  and  draw  grain.  They  experienced  no  inter- 
ruption! 

24t>>  ditto,  ^nt  for  all  the  wagons  to  make  a  Journey  to  the 
river  side  to  bring  up  the  provisions  which  had  been  sent  hither 
by  the  Executive  government ;  but  only  4  wi^ons  came.  ~  As  I 
required  ten,  I  excused  these ;  Some  refused  to  work  for  the 
Company  ;  some  gave  for  answer,  if  another  will  cart  I  also  shall 
cart ;  some  said,  my  horses  are  poor,  I  cannot  cart ;  others  said, 
my  horses  have  sore  backs,  and  other  such  frivolous  answers  that 
I  was  thus  unable,  this  time,  to  bring  up  the  Company's  stores. 
Whereupon  it  was  resolved  by  the  Council  of  War,  that  the 
farmers  should  not  be  fUmished  with  any  men  for  their  protec- 
tion in  the  fields,  unless  thdy  would  assist  in  bringing  up  the 
Company's  Supplies  from  the  water  side.  Nay,  ftirther — one 
Tjerck  Claesen  de  Wit,  himself  a  magistrate,  would  turn  Lieut. 
Stilwil's  Soldiers  out  of  a  small  house  they  occupied — he  said, 
he  had  hired  it,  though  he  had,  notwithstanding,  neither  posses- 
sion of  nor  procuration  for  it,  I  gave  him  for  answer,  that  I 
i^Quld  remove  them  on  condition  that  he,  as  a  magistrate,  would 
have  them  bllletted  in  other  houses  as  the  men  could  not  lie 
lucider  the  blue  sky,  and  as  they  had  been  sent  here  by  the  Chief 
government  for  the  defence  of  the  Settlers.  But  he  made  no 
answer  to  this  ;  and  so  there  are  other  ringleaders  and  refractory 
t)eople  in  this  place.  Meanwhile  the  convoy  which  was  ready 
to  conduct  the  provisions,  was  dismist  each  to  its  own  post  until  fur- 
ther orders.  At  noon  I  went  with  a  troop  of  Dutch  and  Indians  to 
the  New  Village  where  the  Heer  de  Decker  himself  was ;  met  with 


men,  and  7  of 
of  cannon  and  t^ 


SECOND  KS0PU8  WAR. 


58 


no  interruption.  A  party  was  also  out  with  the  reapers.  In  the 
evening  Jan  Davets  and  the  5  Mohawks  returned  from  theEsopus 
Indians — ^they  brought  with  them  a  female  prisoner ;  they  would 
not  at  present  release  any  more  prisoners,  evinced  great  fierceness 
and  repeatedly  tlu'eatened  to  kill  them,  both  4;he  Mohawks  and 
Jan  Davets  told — thrai  they  should  not  release  any  more  prisoners 
unless  they  should  secure  peace  thereby,  and  that  Corlaer  and 
Bentslaer  should  come  to  their  fort,  and  bring  goods  With  them 
to  conclude  peace  and  to  redeem  the  prisoners ;  said  that  they 
must  be  within  ten  days  in  their  fort  to  conclude  peace ;  said, 
that  they  demanded  a  truce  during  that  time.  Jan  Davets  also 
informed  us,  that  he  had  seen  but  4  prisoners  in  the  fort,  and 
that  the  others  were  scattered  far  and  wide ;  says,  there  are 
about  30  warriors  in  the  fort,  and  that  the  others  dwelt  without 
here  and  there ;  they  also  said  they  were  determined  to  make  a 
stand  in  the  fort,  whereupon  we  have  resolved  to  go  in  se^ch  of 
them  on  the  first  opportunity. 

25t'>  ditto.  The  Heerde  Decker  left  to-day  for  the  Manhatans 
in  the  company's  yacht,  taking  with  him  two  of  the  wounded, 
and  Jan  du  Parck,  Surgeon,  and  two  soldiers  to  take  case  of  the 
sick ;  two  sick  Indians  left  also ;  sent  along  with  them  a  convoy 
and  9  wagons  to  bring  up  the  remainder  of  the  goods.  They 
returned  and  saw  nothing.  Also  sent  out  two  detachments  witli 
the  reapers ;  they  did  not  remark  any  thing.  Convened  the 
Council  of  War  and  it  wa?  unanimously  resolved  to  send  out  an 
expedition  against  the  Esopus  Indians,  which  should  start  the 
next  day,  if  the  weather  were  favorable. 

26^  ditto.  The  following  troops  set  out  against  the  Esopus 
Indians,  having  as  a  Guide  a  woman  who  had  been  prisoner 
among  them,  to  wit — of  Captain  Lieutenant  Cregier's  Company, 
91  men ;  of  Lieutenant  Stilwil's,  30  men  ;  Lieutenant  Couwen- 
hoven  with  41  Indians  ^'volunteer?  from  the  Manhatans,  6; 
volunteers  from  the  Esopus,  35  men,  of  whom  11  were  horse- 
men, and  7  of  the  Hon»»J«  Company's  negroes,  with  two  pieces 
of  cannon  and  two  wagons,  the  whole  party  provided  each  with 
one  pound  of  powder  and  a  pound  of  ball,  2ii»8  of  hard  bread 

1  These  Indiana  were  of  Long  Island. 


'»   .•»/  ,?< 


:*;1i 


»    ,     ■'It 


m 


111      '    '   .       4 


O'- 


If 


m 


I.- 


:r     ■    ' 


I*  if 


» ■« 


•    JOURNAL   OF   THE 

and  i  a  soft  loaf,  wiih  2"'«  of  pork  and  J  a  Dutch  cheese ;  left 
in  garrison  at  Wildwyck  36  soldiers  and  25  freemen.  Marched 
out  about  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  came  in  the  evening 
about  two  great  miles  from  Wildwyc/c,  where  we  remained  until 
the  moon  rose.  We  tlien  started  anew,  but  could  not  march 
more  than  a  long  half  hour  on  account  of  the  cannon  and  wa- 
gons, whlcli  we  could  not  get  through  the  woods  at  night.  We 
then  bivouacked  uutil  day  break. 

27'>>  ditto.    We  got  on  the  right  road  when  day  dawned  and 
continued  our  march.    On  the  way  we  passed  over  much  stoney 
land  and  hills,  and  had  to  tarry  at  the  swampy,  long,  broken 
and  even  frequent  kills  where  we  halted  and  must  cut  trees  to 
make  bridges  to  pass  over,  and  divers  mountains  were  so  stAep 
that  we  were  obliged  to  haul  the  wagons  and  cannon  up  and 
down  with  ropes.    Thus  our  progress  was  slow.    When"  about 
two  miles  from  the  Indian  fort,  sent  forward  Capt.  Lieutenant 
Couwenhoven,  Lieutenant  Stilwil  and  Ensign  Christiaen  Niessen, 
with  116  men  to  surprise  it.    I  followed,  meanwhile,  with  the 
remainder  of  the  force,  the  guns  and  wagons,  but  on  coming 
within*  a  short  mile  of  the  fort,  found  the  way  so  impassable 
that  I  was  under  the  necessity  of  leaving  the  cannon,  as  I  could 
not  get  it  fai'ther.    I  left  40  men  there  and  gave  them  orders  to 
fortify  themselves  and  set  palisades  around,  which  they  did,  and 
I  followed  the  preceding  troop  with  the  remainder  towards  the 
Indian  fort.    On  arriving  there,  found  our  people  in  possession 
of  it,  as  it  had  been  abandoned  by  the  Indians  two  days  before. 
Our  Indians  had  cauglit  a  Squaw  in  the  corn-field,  whither  she 
was  coming  to  cut  maize.    Now  the  evening  falling,  for  it  was 
about  6  o'clock  when  we  came  to  the  fort,  we  passed  the  night 
there,  having  found  3  horses  at  their  fort. 
*'  28*i>  ditto.    The  Council  of  War  assembled  &t  the  breaking 
of  the  day  and  unanimously  resolved  to  go  in  search  of  the  Indians 
to  the  mountain  where  the  above  mentioned  female  had  been  a 
prisoner,  and  to  take  tlie  captured  Squaw  along.    Whereupon 
Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  Lieutenant  Stilwil  and  Ensign 
Niessen  were  detached  with  140  men,  and  remained  in  the  fort 
with  about  29  men.     The  above  named  troops  then  set  forth 
towards  the  mountain  and  arrived  where  the  Indians  had  been : 


they  had  ] 
if  she  did 
were  on  a 
distant  abo 
soners  the^ 

« 

go  to  the  01 
wards  did  y 
but  found  1 
whether  sh 
moved  to  « 
miles  from  i 
brow  of  the 
wliereupon 
on  their  ap{ 
uoticed  at  a 
run  oflf  in  ar 
i)ack  to  the 
discovered  o 
savages  coulc 
fully  informe 
they  arrived 
I  convened  tl 
to  be  done, 
and  burn  it, 
had  in  pits  i 
tlieir  fort.    \ 
a  distance  of 
of  maize,  thre 
ieturn«l  to  t 
and  horsemei 
the  fort,  whic 
party  called  t 
was  or  should 
derstood  by  tl 
Whereupon  o: 
»aid  to  me,  W 
horsemen.    T 
they  were  and 


SECOND  E80PU8  WAR. 


55 


they  had  left  that  place  also.  The  captured.  Squaw  being  asked 
if  she  did  not  know  where  the  Indians  had  fled  to,  said  they 
were  on  a  great,  Iiigh  mountain,  which  she  pointy  out  to  them, 
distant  about  2  miles,  wliither  they  had  fled  with  tlie  seven  pri- 
soners they  had  with  them  ;  whereupon  the  ofiicers  resolved  to 
go  to  the  other  mountain  in  search  of  them,  which  they  after- 
wards did  with  their  troops,  after  experiencing  vast  difficulty, 
but  found  no  Indians  there.  The  Squaw  being  again  questioned 
whether  slie  did  not  know  where  they  were?  said  they  had 
moved  to  another  mountain,  which  she  pointed  out,  about  4 
miles  from  there,  but  there  was  no  path  thither.  Being  on  the 
brow  of  tlie  hill  our  people  saw  9  Indians  coming  towards  them, 
whereupon  they  fell  flat,  intending  thus  to  sui'prise  the  Indians 
on  their  approach,  but  they  did  not  succeed,  our  people  being 
noticed  at  a  distance  of  alK)ut  2  musket  shots.  Eight  of  tliem 
ran  off  in  an  oblique  direction,  and  the  ninth  attempted  to  run 
l)ack  to  the  place  whence  they  had  come.  As  our  Ibrce  was 
discovered  on  all  sides,  and  even  our  Indians  said  that  no 
savages  could  he  caught  at  this  time  as  they  were  every  where 
fully  informed  of  us,  it  was  resolved  to  return  to  the  fort,  where 
they  arrived  al)out  one  o'clock.  After  they  had  taken  some  rest, 
I  convened  the  Council  of  War  to  determine  wliat  was  now  l)est 
to  be  done.  They  unanimously  resolved  to  cut  down  their  corn 
and  burn  it,  together  with  last  year's  maize,  which  they  still 
liad  in  pits  in  great  abundance  in  their  corn-fields  and  around 
their  fort.  Whereupon  I  went  out  of  their  fort  with  50  men  to 
a  distance  of  a  full  half  mile ;  there  cut  down  several  plantations 
of  maize,  threw  into  the  fire  divers  pits  full  of  maize  and  beans, 
return^  to  the  fort  at  sun-down  and  saw  that  divers  Indians 
and  horsemen  found  some  pits  with  plunder  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  fort,  which  they  brought  in.  Meanwhile  I  had  the  whole 
party  called  together,  and  told  them  that  all  the  plunder  that 
was  or  should  be  found  was  to  be  in  common,  and  was  so  un- 
derstood by  the  Council  of  War  before  we  started  from  our  fort. 
Whereupon  one  of  the  liorsemen  stepped  out  of  the  troop  and 
said  to  me,  What  we've  found  we'll  keep  and  divide  among  us 
horsemen.  To  which  I  said,  that  they  should  not  do  that,  for 
they  were  under  command.    Whereupon  tlie  horseman,  named 


^1 


nil 


r*^:- 


i 


K  •  r 


56 


JOURNAL  OF  TMC 


'  Jan  Hendricksen,  answered— They  are  under  the  command  of 
•too  man  but  Long  Peter,  whom  they,  forsooth  !  caQed  their  Cor- 
net, and  uttered  divers  unmannerly  words  in  presence  of  all  the 
officers.  Upon  which  I  gav«  him  2  or  3  slaps  of  a  sword,  and 
he  seemed  as  if  he  would  put  himself  in  a  jmsture  against  me. 
But  I  being  closeup  to  his  body  he  could  not  act  as  he  wished, 
and  I  said  to  Idm  tlmt  I  should  bring  him  to  an  account.  This 
said  Jan  Hendricksen,  with  one  Albert  Hey  mans  Roose,  acted 
insolently  on  the  ?'•»  July.  Whilst  we  were  examining  the  two 
Wappinger  Indians,  in  tlie  presence  of  the  Schout  and  Commis- 
saries, in  Thomas  Chambers'  room  a  messenger  came  in  and  said 
that  two  or  three  boors  were  without  the  door  with  loaded  guns 
to  shoot  the  Indians  when  tiiey  came  forth.  Whereupon  I  stood 
up  and  went  to  the  door — ^fbund  this  Albert  Heymans  Roose 
Bxid  Jan  Hendricksen  at  the  door  with  their  guns.  Asked  them 
what  they  were  doing  there  with  their  guns?  They  gave  me 
for  answer,  We  wiU  shoot  tlie  Indians.  I  said  to  them,  you 
must  not  do  that.  To  which  they  replied.  We  will  do  it  though 
you  stand  by.  I  told  them  in  return,  to  go  home  and  keep 
quiet  or  I  should  send  such  disturbers  to  the  Manhatans.  They 
•  then  retorted,  I  might  do  what  I  pleased,  they  would  shoot  the 
Savages  to  the  ground,  even  though  they  should  hang  for  it ; 
and  so  I  left  them.  This  Albert  coming  into  the  Council  told 
the  Commissaries  that  one  of  them  should  step  out.  What  his 
intention  with  him  was  I  can't  say.  This  by  way  of  memoran- 
dum.   Meanwhile  arrested  Jan  Hendricksen. 

29*>>  ditto.  Pour  parties  went  out  again  to  cut  down  the  corn 
and  to  burn  the  old  maize.  About  o'clock  in  the  afternoon, 
Some  Indians  made  their  appearance  on  a  high  hill  near  the  fort  and 
called  out  to  us,  that  they  would  come  and  fight  us  on  the  morrow 
whereupon  we  brought  the  captive  Squaw  out  of  the  fort  to  speak 
to  them,  and  they  called  out  to  her  that  they  should  now  come  and 
fight  the  Dutch,  for  the  Dutch  had  now  come  and  taken  their 
fort,  cut  their  corn  and  burnt  all  their  old  maize  and  that  they 
should,  die  of  hunger.  I  said  to  them>  the  Dutch  had  gone  in 
search  of  you  to  the  mountain  but  ye  alw«ys  ran  away  and  dare 
not  make  a  stand.  But  the  Indians  would  not  give  any  answer, 
and  So  went  away  '^  f 


ty^ymititvifis.,'- 


i » 


u 


MOOIfD   UOVCS    VVAB 


M 


80^  ditto.  We,  in  two  kit^  parties,  each  of  80  men,  cut 
down  all  the  corn  and  burnt  the  old  maize  which  remained  in 
the  pits.  Returned  to  the  fort,  all  together,  iii  the  evening,  and 
made  pt«parations  to  set  out  in  tlie  morning.  Meanwhile  the 
Indians  who  the  day  before  had  called  out  that  they  would  come 
k  fight  us,  did  not  make  their  appearance.  We  cut  down  nearly 
one  hundred  morgens*  of  Maize  and  burnt  above  a  hundred  pits 
fUU  of  com  and  beans. 

31  It  ditto.  In  the  morning  at  the  dawn  of  day  set  fire  to  the 
fort  and  all  the  houses,  and  while  they  were  in  full  blaze  marched 
out  in  good  order,  Capt  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  forming  the 
van  guard,  Lieutenant  Stilwil's  Company  the  centre,  and  I  with 
my  company  the  rear  guard.  So  arrived  in  safety  at  oar  fort 
about  9  o'clock  in  the  evening  with  our  cannon  and  wagon.i. 
Remarked  scarcely  anything  on  the  way.  The  road  or  course 
from  Wildwyck  to  the  fort  of  the  Esopus  Indians  lies  mostly 
south  west,  about  10  [Dutch]  miles  from  our  fort. 

!•'  August.  In  the  morning  heard  two  shots  from  the  Redoubt 
on  the  river  side.  Sent  off  Ensign  Christiaen  Niessen  with  50 
men.  He  found  there  the  Hon'>'«  Company's  yacht  in  which  the 
Heer  Secretary  van  Rnyven  had  come.  Had  him  escorted  to  the 
Tillage  of  Wildwyck^  and  did  nothing  more  as  it  was  a  day  of 
Fasting  and  Prayer. 

2d  ditto.  Nothing  occurred  as  it  rained  during  the  whole  day 
and  night. 

3d  ditto.  The  Heer  Secretary  departed  on  his  return  to  the 
Manhatans,  accompanied  by  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  the 
Indians  being  41  inthe  whole,  who.  would  not  remain  any  longer ; 
also  5  of  the  Hon'''*  Company's  Negroes.  Through  great  inter- 
cession and  promise  of  better  behavior  in  future,  the  Council  of 
war  pardoned  Jan  Hendricksen  the  faults  committed  by  him  and 
he  is  released  from  confinement.  Meanwhile  I  had  two  parties 
in  the  field  with  the  reapers  and  one  in  Ambush.  They  saw 
notldng  and  returned  in  the  evening.  I  this  day  sold,  by  public 
beat  of  drum,  the  three  horses  which  we  had  brought  with  us 
from  the  Indians'  fort. 

■> i- fMll'hiim  rtliij    1  About  215  Acres— Ed.  ■iiii'iAiki  .■;,j...n:;i,!,L'^  j 


4  4 


V. 


*      f 


M^'i 


lif'j, 


'1  imm^y  '  J 

•; 

1  '* 

? 

> 

.  Jffl;!,::  „ 

!( 

1 

^Hiii^^lw^ 

,    .i 

Ft 

B^HH 

-      t   :^ 

1 
1 

^mH 

1 

IHl 

■ 

! 
1 

■flVGi'l^K 

f! 

58 


«     JOURNAL    or   THE 


4ih  ditto.  A  Mohegan  Indian  came  fj^m  fort  Orange ;  he  had 
a  pass  from  Monsieur  Montagnie ;  brought  two  letters,  one  to 
M'  Gysbert  and  one  to  Hendrick  Jochems ;  there  was  hardly 
any  news  in  them  except  that  they  were  longing  to  receive  some 
intelligence  relative  to  the  condition  of  the  Esopus.  Convened 
the  Council  of  war  and  invited  thereto  the  Commissaries  of  the 
village  WUdwyckf  and  made  this  Ordinance  and  read  it  to  the 
people^  both  freemen  and  military,  and  had  a  copy  affixed  to 
each  Beat  or  Post.    It  is,  word  for  word,  as  follows  : — 

''  Ordinance  made  and  enacted  by  the  Captain  lAeutenant 
and  the  valiant  Council  &f  war  at  present  commanding 
the  t/oops  and  Military  in  the  Esopus  or  WUdwyck. 

"  Whereas  we  learn  by  daily  experience  that  many,  as  well 
military  as  freemen,  are  removing  from  the  Village  Wildvjyck, 
without  the  consent  of  the  Capt  Lieutenant  and  Commissaries 
of  this  Village,  Therefore  it  is  necessary  that  timely  provision 
be  made  therefor,  so  that  none  may  at  any  time  fall  into  the 
hands  of  the  barbarous  Indians,  our  enemies ;  And  that  families 
every  day  unnecessarily  waste  and  fire  off  powder  and  ball. 
Therefore  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of 
war,  wishing  to  provide  for  and  prevent  all  inconveniences  and 
mischiefs  which  may  arise  therefrom,  have  ordered  and  directed, 
as  they  do  hereby  order  and  direct. 

1. 

^^  Firstly f  That  no  one,  whether  military  or  freeman  shall, 
without  the  consent  of  the  Captain  Lieutenant,  Council  of  war 
and  Commissaries  of  this  place,  depart  from  tliis  Village  of 
Wildtoyck,  either  in  large  or  small  bodies,  whether  to  cut  grain 
or  for  any  other  business  whatsoever  it  may  be,  lest  any  of  them 
may  chance  to  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  barbarous  Indians,  our 
enemies ;  and  if  any  one  remove  beyond  this  village  of  WUd- 
wyck without  consent  or  proper  convoy,  whatever  the  business 
or  occasion  may  be,  he  shall  pay  a  fine  of  five  and  twenty  guilders 
for. the  first  offence ;  for  the  second  fifty  guilders  and  for  the 
third  offence  an  arbitrary  punishment ;  A.nd  should  any  one,  in 
violating  and  disobeying  this  order,  happen  to  be  captured  by 
tho  Indians,  our  enemies, no  expence  or  trouble  shall  be  incurred 


otherwise,  he  sbi 


SECOND   ESOt>I78    VTAK 


59 


for  him,  inasmuch  as  he,  by  his  perverse  and  stififnecked  course, 
contrary  to  this  Ordinance,  will  have  brought  down  this 
misfortune  on  himself. 

2. 

"  If  any  one  unnecessarily  &  perversely  waste  or  fire  off  his 
powder  and  ball,  be  it  on  the  departure  or  arrival  of  convoys  or 
otherwise,  he  shall,  for  the  first  offence,  pay  a  fine  of  three 
guilders  |br  each  shot ;  for  the  second  offence  six  guilders  and 
for  the  third  offence  suffer  arbitrary  punishment,  unless  when 
desirous  to  discharge  liis  gun,  being  out  of  order  or  wet,  he  shall 
ask  permission  therefor  from  his  superior  or  inferior  officer. 
And  for  the  better  observance  and  obedience  of  tliis  ordinance, 
the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War  hereby  particularly 
aod  imperatively  command  all  Superior  officers,  Serjeants,  and 
Corporals  to  pay  strict  attention  that  this  Ordinance  be  observed 
and  respected.  Thus  done  in  the  village  of  Wildvyyck  by  the 
Captain  Lieutenant,  Council  of  War  and*  the  proper  Commis- 
saries of  said  village,  on  the  4th  of  August  1663." 

Same  date  a  letter  is  also  sent  by  the  Mohegan  Indians  to 
Christoffel  Davids  at  fort  Orange  requesting  him  to  be  pleased  to 
come  down  to  tlie  Esopus  on  important  business  which  we  should 
then  explain  and  communicate  to  him. 

W^  ditto.  Thomas  the  Irishman  arrived  here  at  the  Redoubt 
from  the  Manhatans.  Meanwhile  nothing  was  done  as  it  was 
Sunday,  and  no  detachments  were  sent  out. 

e^h  ditto.  Sent  a  party  of  32  men  to  lie  in  ambush,  and  two 
detachments  with  the  reapers.  They  returned  in  the  evening  ; 
perceived  nothing. 

7*  ditto.  Three  detachments  were  sent  out  with  the  reapers  j 
returned  in  the  evening  without  having  seen  anything. 

8*  ditto.  Sent  out  Ensign  Niessen  with  a  detachment  to  lie 
in  ambush  behind  the  New  Village  which  was  burnt,  and  observe 
the  Indians.  Also  two  parties  with  the  reapers.  They  came 
back  in  the  evening  without  having  noticed  anything. 

9t»>  ditto.  Three  detachments  were  again  sent  out ;  two  in  the 
field  with  the  reapers  and  one  in  ambush.  They  returned 
towards  evening  having  perceived  nothing. 


:.*^: 


'*         ■  •  .    ..     ■':'■ 


vtm 


i''-'<h 


>-'r--\l:'m 


':»  X, 


'■■i 


■       « 


■«>.. 


l:,. 


'i  i^ 


rif 


i^-^- 


60 


JOURNAL  OF  TBK 


10t>>  ditto.  Sent  out  two  detachments ;  one  in  the  field  with 
the  reapers,  the  other  in  ambush  behind  the  recently  burnt  vil- 
lage, under  the  command  of  Ensign  Niessen.  They  came  in 
towards  evening  without  having  observed  anything.  Some 
yachts  also  touched  at  the  Redoubt  bringing  letters  from  the 
Manhatans  which  they  left  at  the  Redoubt  and  then  sailed  up- 
wards for  fort  Orange. 

11»'»  ditto.  Received  this  morning  the  letters  which  the 
Yachts  left  at  the  Redoubt  j  had  two  parties  in  the*  field  with 
the  reapers ;  they  returned  in  the  evening  without  having  seen 
anything. 

12^1  ditto.  Sunday.  Notliing  occured  except  sending  two 
convoys  to  the  Redoubt  to  relieve  the  men  who  lay  there  and  to 
bring  up  some  stores  with  M'.  Gysbert's  wife  coming  from  fort 
Orange  wlio  brings  news  that  the  Northern  Indians  had  killed 
some  Mohawks  and  a  Mohegan,  whereupon  the  Mohegans  have 
obtained  the  consent  of  the  Mohawks  to  build  a  fort.  Nothing 
else  occurred  here. 

13ti>  ditto.  Sent  out  two  detachments  with  the  reapers  and 
one  to  lie  in  ambush.  They  returned  in  the  evening ;  saw 
nothing.  On  the  same  day  is  made  &  enacted  by  the  Captain 
Lieutenant  and  the  valiant  Council  of  War  the  following  Ordi- 
nance for  the  maintenance  as  far  as  possible  of  better  order,  and 
the  observance  and  enforcement  of  dispipline  among  the  Military, 
and  read  the  same  before  the  Military  and  freemen  and  affixed 
it  at  each  post.    It  is  word  for  word  as  follows  : — 

n  «•  "•'  ((  Ordinance  made  and  enacted  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant 
and  the  valiant  Council  of  War  commanding  the  Military 
in  the  Esopus  and  Village  of  Wildwyck. 

.;ri  "  Whereas  some  in  this  Village  of  Wildwyck  who  follow  the 
trado  of  selling  strorig  drink  to  the  military  suffer  some  of  them 
to  get  drunk  not  only  on  week  days  but  especially  on  the  Lord's 
Rest  and  Sabbath  day,  unfitting  them  for  their  proper  duties,  & 
more  especially  erf  j,ting  confusion  and  disorderly  conduct ;  the 
Honi>i«  Company's  Servants  not  hesitating  to  sell,  pawn  and 
pledge  tlieir  own  necessaries  for  strong  drink  to  the  traders  in 
intoxicating  liquors ;  the  traders  also  receiving  the  same  ;  yea, 


'  j!  ■      ••ST,     X*\ 


SECOND  ESOPUS  WAR. 


61 


even  not  hesitating  to  give  them  more  credit  and  trust  whether 
they  have  any  thing  to  the  good  or  not.  Therefore  the  Capt. 
Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War  desirous  to  prevent  as 
much  as  possible  all  disorders  and  mischiefs,  have  therefore 
ordained  and  directed  as  they  hereby  direct  and  ordain : —       ,,. 

1. 

"That  none  of  the  military,  be  his  rank  whatever  it  may  be, 
presume  to  sell  or  to  pawn  for  any  strong  drink  any  of  the  stores 
advancecTto  him  by  the  Hon'*'*'  Company  on  his  monthly  wages, 
for  his  needs  and  support,  under  a  fine  of  one  month's  wages. 

2.  ^ 
"  No  one,  whether  military  or  freeman,  following  the  business 

of  selling  strong  drink,  shall  presume  to  take  in  pledge  or  en- 
deavor to  embezzle  any  property  belonging  to  the  military  in 
exchange  for  strong  drink,  under  the  forfeiture  of  the  tapped 
drink  and  to  return  to  the  owner  fi-ee  of  cost  and  charges  the 
received  property  and  pay  in  addition  a  fine  of  twelve  guilders 
as  often  as  he  is  discovered  so  doing. 

3.  .  , 
"  All  those  who  follow  the  trade  of  selling  strong  .drink  are 

further  warned  not  to  sell  nor  furnish  any  strong  drink  on  the 
Lord's  Rest  and  Sabbath  day  much  less  entertain  any  clubs, 
whether  before  or  after  the  sermon  on  pain  of  forfeiting  the  strong 
drink  tapped  on  that  occasion,  and  in  addition  a  fine  ot  five  and 
twenty  guilders  as  often  as  they  shall  be  caught  in  the  act.  .  r 

"  Those  who  sell  strong  drink  are  also  further  warned  they 
take  heed  not  to  sell  any  to  tlie  military  either  on  credit  or  on 
account,  be  it  in  what  manner  it  may  be,  on  pain  of  not  being 
paid  therefor,  unless  on  order  of  Ills  superior  officer.  Thus  done 
by  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Valiant  Council  of  War  in  the  Vil- 
lage Wildwyck,  this  13th  August  1663." 

14'h  ditto.  Sent  out  fifty  reapers  to  the  burnt  village,  called 
tlie  Great  Plot,  and  sent  with  them  about  thirty  wagons  and  Ensign 
Neissen  witli  a  convoy  of  Eighty  men  ;  gave  him  orders  to  remain 
there  all  night  with  the  reapers  and  binders,  and  the  major  part 
of  the  wagons  and  forty  men  per  convoy.    The  remaining  forty 


.». 


*  .  * 


f4. 


■■•*, 


»*, 


* 


■  i 


'^;  '^•'•r  i' 


32 


JOURNAL  OF  THE    '» 


11 


men  returned  to  Wildwyck,  and  said  Ensign  with  about  one 
hundred  and  twenty  men,  as  well  reapers  and  binders  as  convoys, 
passed  the  night  at  the  Great  Plot  because  it  was  so  distant,  and 
they  could  not  make  up  more  than  one  sheaf  for  they  could 
not  begin  the  work  as  fresh  as  they  wished.  Brought  the  grain 
to  Wildwyck  as  soon  as  it  was  cut  down.  Kept  six  parties  by 
the  way  in  ambush  to  protect  tlie  said  wagons.  However 
nothing  occured  on  this  day. 

IS**"  ditto.  Brought  more  grain  from  the  burnt  Village  where- 
fore I  kept  two  parties  in  ambush  and  one  with  the  reapers  and 
two  on  the  road  for  tlie  protection  of  the  wagons  Avhich  went 
through  and  fro.  Returned  in  the  evening  altogether ;  observed 
nothing. 

16ti»  ditto.  Two  parties  are  again  sent  out  to  the  field  witli 
the  reapers ;  came  back  in  the  evening  without  having  seen 
anything. 

17th,  Two  parties  were  again  sent  into  the  field  with  the 
reapers.  Returned  in  the  evening  without  seeing  anything. 
The  Heer  Decker  arrived  here  at  the  Redoubt  from  fort  Orange ; 
had  him  escorted  to  the  Village  Wildwyck^  but  he  did  not  tarry 
here  long  as  his  Honor  was  in  a  hurry  to  depart  again.  Had 
the  said  Hee^  de  Decker  escorted  back  to  the  river  side  and  then 
he  returned  to  the  Manhatans.  Nothing  occurred  this  day. 
Gave  thr^  Englishmen  leave  to  go  to  and  return,  from  the  Man- 
hatans.   They  belong  to  Lieutenant  Stilwil's  Company. 

IS^h  ditto.  Had  three  detachments  again  in  the  field  with  the 
reapers ;  they  returned  in  the  evening ;  saw  nothing.  The 
Council  of  War  resolved  and  concluded  to  send  a  party  three 
miles  from  Wildvoyck  to  some  plantations  of  Esopus  Indians 
planted  with  maize ;  whereupon  Ensign  Niessen  was  sent  thither 
with  fifty-five  men.  .  They  went  forth  from  Wildwyck  about  ten 
o'clock  at  night,  and  had  a  Dutchman  named  Jacob  Jansen 
Stoutenborgh  for  a  guide. 

19ti»  ditto.  Was  this  morning  with  fifty  men  and  sixteen 
wagons  to  the  burnt  Village  to  fetch  grain  ;  came  back  to  Wild- 
toyc/c  about  eight  o'clock.  Did  not  see  anything.  About  noon 
Ensign  Niessen  returned  with  his  troop  from  the  Indian  maize 
land.    Neither  saw  nor  noticed  any  Indians.     About  three 


for  the  Sheriff, 


SECOND   ESOPUS   WAR. 


68 


o'clock  in  the  afternoon  Christoffel  Davids  came  from  tlie  Man- 
hataiis  in  a  canoe.  Brought  ^ith  him  a  letter  from  the  Heer. 
General,  dated  14">  August,  brought  also  a  letter  from  Pieter 
Couwenhoven  who  lay  with  the  Sloop  in  the  Danskamtr.  >  The 
letter  was  dated  17t>>  August,  and  addressed  to  me.  Its  contents 
were,  That  I  should  be  on  my  guard  for  he  was  advised  that  the 
Esopus  Indians  together  with  t&e  Manissings  and  Wappingers 
were  prepared  to  attack  .and  surprize  our  fort  in  about  two  days 
with  four  hundred  men,  and  that  they  also  daily  threatened  him 
in  an  insulferable  manner ;  he  daily  expected  the  arrival  of  the 
Sachem  who  had  already  been  four  days  gone  about  the  captured* 
Christians  to  learn  what  he  should  then  do  and  what  should  be  * 
the  issue  of  it.  But  he  had  not  received  any  intelligence  in  all  * 
that  time.  He  also  writes — That  the  Indians  who  lay  there- 
about on  the  river  side  made  a  great  uproar  every  night,  firing 
guns  and  /dntekaying^"  so  that  the  woods  rang  again  ;  and  he 
hoped  to  be  with  me  in  two  days. — His  letter  contains  divers 
other  circumstances.  Christoffel  Davids  informs  us,  that 
he  slept  one  night  with  the  Indians  in  their  wigwams 
—that  some  Esopus  Indians  and  Sachems  were  there  who 
had  four  Christian  captives  with  them,  one  of  whom,  a  female 
captive,  had  secretly  tqld  him,  Davids,  that  forty  Esopus  Indians 
liad  already  been  near  our  fort  to  observe  the  reapers  and  the 
other  people.  3^'hereupon  the  Council  of  war  resolved  to  send 
for  the  Sheriif,  who  being  come,  an  order  was  hai^^^^  him 
directing  him  to  warn  all  the  Inhabitants  not  to  go  from  the  tort 
into  the  fields  without  a  suitable  escort,  as  directed  in  the  pre- 
ceding Ordinance  of  the  4^^  August.    Said  Christoffel  Davids 

1  Six  mile?  north  of  Newburgh,  Orange  co.    Ed.     . 

2  The  Delaware  word,  Gent'keh'n,  to  dance,  seems  to  be  engrafted  here  into 
the  Dutch  language.  The  term  is  also  to  be  found  in  Van  der  Donck's  Beschry- 
vinge  van  Nieuw  Nederlandt,  where  speaking  of  the  amusements  of  the  Indians, 
he  says — "  The  old  and  middle  aged  conclude  with  smoking  and  the  young  with 
a  Kintecaw."  N.  T.  Hist.  Coll.  2d  Ser.  i.  204.  Again  in  the  Breeden 
Raedt  we  read,  "  The  first  of  these  Savai^es  having  received  a  frightful  wound, 
desired  them  to-pcrmit  him  to  dance  what  is  called  the  Kinte  Kaeye,  a  religious 

custom  observed  among  th6ni  before  death He  then  ordered  him 

to  be  taken  out  of  the  fort  and  the  Soldiers  bringing  him  to  the  Beavers  path  (he 
dancing  the  Kinte  Kaeye  aW  the  time).    Ed. 


fSm  JOURNAL  OF  THE 

also  infonned  us, — that  the  Indians  had  on  shore  several  bowls 
and  gourds  with  brandy^  which  they  obtained  daily  from  the 
Sloops,  as  the  Indians  had  informed  him  they  could  get  as  much 
as  they  required  and  whatever  powdeir  and  lead  they  wanted. 
Now,  we  cannot  determine  what  this  may  amount  to,  but  this  I 
understand  that  the  woman  who  is  on  board  the  sloop  with 
Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  brought  four  ankers  of  brandy  with 
her  from  the  Manhatans,  but  none  of  it  came  ashore  here. 

ZQth  ditto.  Lietenant  Couwenhoven  arrived  with  the  yacht 
at  the  Redoubt;  brings  a  Christian  woman  and  boy  with 
him ;  says  he  gave  about  Eighty  guildei's  for  the  youth,  and 
-promised  to  give  our  captive  Squaw  for  the  woman.  Left  ninety 
guilders  in  pledge  for  her ;  the  Council  of  War  disapproved  of 
his  having  promised  the  Squaw  in  exchange  as  such  was  not 
contained  in  the  Director  General  and  Council's  Instruction  to 
him.  Says,  the  Indians  promised  him  to  bring  in,  within  two 
days,  all  the  prisoners  they  had,  and  that  he  should  return  with 
her  to  them  within  that  time.  Says  also,  that  two  Mohawks 
coming  iVom  fort  Orange  in  a  canoe  passed  his  yacht  in  the 
Wappingers  Kill.  They  had  full  four  hundred  pounds  of  lead 
and  over  three  hundred  pounds  of  powder  in  the  canoe.  He 
would  have  them  on  board  but  they  would  not ;  so  they  passed 
by.  The  Dutch  woman,  who  had  been  taken  prisoner,  was 
brought^  bed  of  a  young  daughter  on  entering  the  Esopus  Kill. 
Nothfhffl^curred  during  the  day  as  it  rained  almost  incessantly, 
and  the  farmers  could  not  go  out  in  the  fields  to  reap  or  to  bring 
in  the  grain. 

S:  21«t  ditto.  The  Council  of  War  resolved  to  send  Lieutenant 
Couwenhoven  down  again  with  the  Sloop.  I  victualled  the  yaclit 
and  gave  him  five  Soldiers  additional  for  his  defence;  also 
resolved  to  give  him  the  two  Indians  and  the  Squaw  which  we 
had  prisoners,  but  he  is  not  to  leave  them  out  of  his  hands  before 
we  have  our  prisoners  back.  Furnished  him  also  with  an 
Instruction  as  to  how  he  should  act  therein.  It  re^ds,  v.  ord  for 
word  as  follows : — 


"I 

"Whew 
Director  Gt 
the  Esopus 
who  acted  i 
much  excej: 
he  promised 
on  condition 
to  the  river 
pinger  India 
captured.  1 
eluded  to  sui 
conditions  an 
eralandCoun 
that  no  prisoi 
all  our  Christ! 

"Therefore; 

Lieutenant  C( 

Indian  or  Squj 

and  exchangee 

promise  the  ] 

restore  them  to 

prisoners,  eith< 

then  be  agreed 

"Should  Lien 
ing  back,  recei^ 
obstinately,  opp( 
watch  his  time ; 
as  possible,  eith 
to  go  on  board,  ^ 
many  Esopus  I 
Captives  and  ref 
endeavor  to  deta^ 
eating  liquors  or 
fiiost  expedient, 
Vol.  it. 


SECOND  ESOPUS   WAR.  •• 

"  Instruction /or  Lieutenant  Pieter  Coutoenhoven. 

<<  Whereas  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven,  sent  by  the  Hon^^" 
Director  General  &  Council  to  release  the  Christians  captured  by 
the  Esopus  Indians,  lay  several  days  near  the  Wappinger  Indians 
who  acted  as  mediators  in  the  affair,  and  as  yet  could  not  efiect 
much  except  releasing  one  child  and  a  woman  for  wliich  woman 
he  promised  to  exchange  the  Squaw  who  had  been  captured  by  us, 
on  condition  that  they  should  then  bring  all  the  Chiristlan  Captives 
to  the  river  side  and  release  them  ;  and  also  promised  the  Wap- 
pinger Indians  to  take  down  with  him  the  two  Indians  whom  wa« 
captured.  The  Council  of  War,  therefore,  resolved  and  con- 
cluded to  surrender  the  two  Indians  &  the  SquaW}  but  on  certain 
conditions  anii  also  by  express  order  of  the  Heer  Director  Gen- 
eral and  Council,  according  to  instruction  accompanying  the  same, 
that  no  prisoners  should  go,  or  be  released,  unless  we  first  had 
all  our  Christians,  prisoners,  out  of  their  hands. 

1. 
"Therefore,  the  said  Council  of  War  recommend  and  order 
Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  not  to  surrender  nor  give  up  any 
Indian  or  Squaw  unless  our  Christian  Captives  be  first  released 
and  exchanged  and  placed  in  our  hands,  but  he  is  at  liberty  to 
promise  the  Indians,  if  they  discharge  all  our  prisoners  and 
restore  them  to  us,  that  they  shall  then  again  have  and  regftin  their 
prisoners,  either  in  exchange  or  in  some  other  manner'  ae  shall 
then  be  agreed  to  and  arranged. 

2. 
"  Should  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  see  no  probability  of  obtain- 
ing back,  receiving  or  releasing  our  captives,  and  the  Indians  be 
obstinately,  opposed  to  the  discharge  or  release  thereof  he  may 
watch  his  time  and  opportunity  to  seize  as  many  Esopus  Indians 
as  possible,  either  on  land  or  by  inducing  them  with  fair  words 
to  go  on  board,  according  as  opportunities  shall  then  offer ;  of  if 
many  Esopus  Indians  should  come  thither  with  the  Christian 
Captives  and  refuse  to  surrender  or  give  these  up,  he  shall  then 
endeavor  to  detain  them  on  shore,  whether  by  means  of  intoxi- 
cating liquors  or  by  any  other  means  he  shall  at  the  time  judge 
most  expedient,  and  then  advise  us  immediately  thereof  by  a 


Vol.  IV. 


5 


^1  f 'f^fc?' 


■• ) 


\t 


»   . 


I    9  A 


t,   • 


ill  "  »  ' 


■^1  & 
<3  1  ) 


JM 


i! 


«« 


1   -  ♦ 

JOURNAL  OF  THS 


yacht  that  may  come  there,  in  order  that  we  may  regulate  our- 
selves accordingly  as  much  as  lies  in  our  power  so  as  to  surprize 
and  seize  them.    Done,  Wildwyck,  the  21  •»  August  1663." 

Escorted  said  Couwenhoven  to  the  Redoubt  on  the  river's  side 
and  he  sailed  again  to  the  Wappingers  in  the  yacht.  A  party 
was  also  in  the  field  with  the  boors  ;  they  returned  home  without 
seeing  anything. 

22nd  ditto.  Sent  out  one  escort  with  the  reapers  and  two 
parties  to  lie  in  ambush,  but  it  commenced  raining  about  noon 
and  they  came  in.  The  rain  came  down  in  such  torrents  tliat  tliu 
boors  were  obliged  to  take  up  the  Bridge  lest  it  be  carried  away 
as  it  was  three  weeks  ago.  It  is  to  be  feared  that  considerable 
grain  will  be  destroyed  in  the  field  for  \vant  of  reapers,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  great  rain  that  has  fallen,  for  a  great  deal  of  grain 
lies  under  water  and  the  farmers  on  an  average  have  not  harvested 
above  one  fourth  part  of  it.  Nothing  else  occurred  to  day, 
except  that  the  great  rain  carried  away  several  of  the  palisades 
of  the  fort. 

23d  ditto.  Sent  an  Order  to  the  Sherifi'  and  Commissaries  and 
directed  them  to  have  the  palisades  of  the  fort  replaced.  It 
reads  word  for  word  as  follows : — 

"  The  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  of  this  Village  of  Wildwyck 
are  hereby  ordered  and  directed  to  have  replaced  and  repaired 
the  palisades  of  this  Fort,  which  were  washed  away  by  the 
water,  and  the  same  is  urgently  required.  Done,  Wildwyck 
the  23d  August,  1663." 

The  Jinswer  of  the  Court  of  the  Village  of  Wildwyck. 

The  Court  of  this  Village  Wildwyck  having  seen  and  read 
this,  find  that  it  cannot  be  done  at  present,  inasmuch  as  the 
grain  in  the  field  is  almost  ruined,  and  it  is  necessary  to  draw  it 
home  as  soon  as  possible  with  the  aid  of  all  hands.  Wildwyck, 
23d  August,  1663,  (was  subscribed)  Roelof  Swartwout. 
Lower  stood—By  order  of  the  Worshipful  Court  of  the  Village 
of  Wildwyck,  (signed) 

.    .      «    Mattys  Capito,  Secretary. 


SECOND  ESOPUS   WAR, 


67 


Two  detachments  were  out  in  the  field  with  the  reapers ;  did 
not  remark  any  thing. 

24*>^  ditto.  Sent  out  two  detachments  with  the  reapers  and 
one  in  ambush.  They  returned  in  the  evening,  having  seen 
nothing.  Received  a  letter  at  night  from  Lieutenant  Couwen- 
hoven,  which  he  had  sent  up  from  the  Wappingers  creelc  by  an 
Indian,  a  Dutchman  and  two  captive  christian  children  belong- 
ing to  the  wife  of  the  gunner  who  was  on  board  the  sloop  with 
said  Gouwenhoven ;  and  as  the  Indian  told  me  he  had  given  the 
captive  Squaw,  whom  we  had  entrusted  to  said  Couwenhoven, 
in  exchange  for  these  two  children,  without  any  hope  of  a  gen- 
eral redemption  ;  and  that  he  had  so  thoughtlessly  and  contrary 
to  orders  surrendered  this  Squaw  for  the  two  children  on  an 
uncertainty,  not  knowing  whether  he  should  receive  another 
prisoner  or  not ;  now  let  him  defend  himself  to  the  Director 
General  and  Council.  Said  Couwenhoven's  letter  was  to  this 
effect :  That  he  hopes  to  get  all  the  prisoners,  but  that  he  should 
li^  in  want  of  supplies ;  for  the  powder  he  has  is  good  for 
nothing,  and  the  cry  among  the  Indians  is  all  'for  powder  and 
brandy;  requests  me  to  send  him  some,  as  it  was  for  the 
public  good ;  that  the  Sachem  had  gone  with  five  men  into  the 
interior,  and  had  promised  him  to  return  with  all  the  christian 
captives ;  had  given  him  the  Squaw  in  order  to  succeed  the 
better  for  us,  and  he  had  a  fair  prospect  for  a  good  ddivery. 
In  case  it  happened  otherwise  then  he  should  acquaint  me  of  it, 
and  so  forth,  as  appears  by  his  letter.  It  is  Dated  the  25^ 
August,  but  I  !beceived  it  on  the  24^  August ;  this  happened 
through  a  mistake  of  his  in  writing.  Domine  Blom  departed 
hence  to-day,  with  his  wife,  for  the  Manhatans;  had  him 
escorted  to  the  river  side  by  Ensign  Niessen  and  forty  men. 
Experienced  no  harm  on  the  way. 

2b^  ditto.'  Sent  down  the  Indian  and  the  Dutchman  again  to 
the  sloop  lying  by  the  Wappingers,  with  some  bread.  Also 
sent  a  letter  to  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven,  which  reads  as  follows : 
"Good  friend,  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven.  Tour  letter  came  to 
"hand,  and  I  have  noted  its  contents.  As  regards  your  surren- 
"der  of  the  Squaw  before  you  had  in  exchange  aU  our  prisoners, 
•'' hi  my  opinion  it  is  not  well  done.    But  you,  yourself,  must 


■if  /■ 


»i'- 


L-'*- 


'J 


■■\ 


f..^:k^ 


I  -  'I 


iri 


68 


JOURKAL  OF  THE 


<  vindicate  that  act.  In  answer  to  your  request  for  Sewan  and 
'  Brandy,  I  have  none,  as  you  well  know,  and  the  Council  of 
*  War  does  not  consider  it  prudent  to  furnish  our  enemies  with 
'  powder  at  this  conjuncture.  You  promise  to  do  your  l)est  lor 
'our  Christians  in  captivity,  and  to  get  these  out  of  their  hands. 
'  Should  you  not  succeed,  you  will  act  according  as  you  have 
<>been  already  instructed  and  told.  I  send  you  some  bread  aiid 
'  request  you  not  to  go  to  the  Manhatans,  but  first  come  here  to 
'  take  off  the  sick  and  wounded.  You  can  see  whether  you 
'  will  not  be  able  to  obtain  some  sewan  and  brandy  from  the 
'  passing  sloops,  for  if  I  had  any  and  should  send  them  to  you, 
'  they  would  run  great  risk  of  being  plundered  on  tlie  way  by 
'  the  Indians.  Done,  Wildwyck  the  25»''  August,  1663."  Had 
three  parties  out;  two  with  the  reapers  and  one  in  arabush. 
They  returned  in  the  evening  having  seen  nothing. 

26th  ditto.  Two  escorts  were  down  to  the  river-side  to  bring 
up  supplies  and  some  soldiers'  wives  coming  from  the  Manhatans ; 
a  party  lay  in  ambush  behind  the  newly  burnt  village  ;  returned 
in  the  evening  without  having  remarked  any  thing. 

27**>  ditto.  There  were  two  detachmeE';s  with  the  reapers  in 
the  field  and  one  in  ambush,  retui'ned  in  ihe  evening  without 
meeting  any  thing. 

28Ui  ditto.  Had  two  parties  again  in  the  field  and  one  in 
ambush ;  returned  in  the  evening  having  seen  nothing. 

29th  ditto.  Two  detacliments  were  out  again  in  the  field  with 
the  reapers,  and  one  in  ambush.  Saw  nothing.  A  soldier  of 
Lieut.  Stilwil's  Company  was  wounded  by  his  Sergeant  in  some 
dispute  respecting  orders.  Said  soldier  was  arrested  and  after- 
wards examined  by  the  court  martial,  and  it  was  found  that  the 
Sergeant  was  as  blameworthy  as  the  soldier.  The  soldier,  who 
is  named  Thomas  Coeck,  is  condemned  by  the  court  martial  to 
stand  sentry  with  six  muskets  for  the  space  of  three  days,  and 
during  one  hour  each  day.  1 

30"»  ditto.  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  returned  from  the 
Wappingers  at  the  Redoubt  with  the  yacht,  and  arrived  in  Wild- 
wyck with  his  people  and  the  two  Wappinger  Indians,  but 
released  and  liberated  the  Squaw  there ;  could  not  obtain  any 
paore    Christian   captives   from  the  Esopus    Indians.     The 


SfiOOND  ES0PU8  WAR 


mi 


Wappinger  Sachem  had  been  with  the  Esopus  Indians  at  their 

fort,  (wliioh  they  were  erecting  anew,)  in  order  to  ascertain  if 

he  could  not  obtain  the  release  of  the  Christian  captives.    But 

when  he  had  been  two  to  three  days  with  them  in  their  new  fort, 

to  negotiate  with  them  respecting  the  prisoners,  two  Mohawks 

and  one  Minqua  came  there  with  Sewan  and  a  long  message, 

which  rendered  the  Esopus  Indians  so  ill  disposed  towards  the 

Wappinger  Sachem  thtlt  they  caused  hfm  to  depart.    He  then 

returned  without  receiving  any  other  Christian  Captives.    He 

came  on  board  of  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  told  the  same 

to  him,  and  said  Lieutenant  reported  it  to  me.    Now,  I  cannot 

imagine  what  there  is  in  it.    Convened  the  Council  of  War  and 

they  resolved  and  concluded,  to  attack  with  one  hundred  and 

twenty  men  the  Esopus  Indians  who  reside  in  their  new  fort  about 

four  hours  farther  than  their  first  fort  which  we  had  burnt.    We 

take  with  us  as  a  guide  one  of  our  captured  Wappinger  Indians. 

Meanwhile  issued  rations  to  the  people,  and  orders  to  start  on 

the  expedition  this  evening  or  to-morrow  morning ;  but  as  it 

began  to  rain  in  the  afternoon  we  did  not  set  out  to  day.    Sent 

an  Order  to  the  Sheriff,  Commissaries,  and  Superior  ofGlcers  of 

the  Village  of  Wiidvn/ck,  whicli  reads  as  follows  :— 

"  Whereas  another  expedition  is  on  foot  against  our  enemies, 
the  Esopus  Indians,  the  Sheriff,  Commissaries  end  Superior 
officers  of  tlie  Burghery  are  requested  to  furnish  twenty  horse 
men  from  the  hired  men  {Knechts)  of  this  village  of  Wildwyck 
to  accompany  the  military  in  the  attack  on  the  Indians.  Done, 
Wildwyck  the  30th  August,  1663." 

Answer  of  the  Court  to  this  Order. 
"  The  Court  and  Superior  officers  of  this  Village  of  Wildwyck 
having  read  the  communication  sent  them  by  the  Captain 
Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War  have  at  their  request  convoked 
the  farmers  and  read  to  them  the  aforesaid  -demand,  whereunto 
they  gave  for  answer  that  they  were  well  disposed  to  do  their 
best  for  the  public  interest,  but  find  at  present  that  the  horses 
fatigued  from  the  harvest,  are  unfit  to  be  rode  by  men.  The 
Court  having  heard  this  answer,  hereby  request  the  Captain 
Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War,  if  it  can  be  possibly  done 


f 


".  '.   \ 


< 


>■♦ 


<*    .  . 


r 


«     «■ 


J"    ., 

V 


w 
'.II 


^^^^^, 

B ' ' 

Hill 

•  ■■    ,  ■        ".'■■''  ' 

70 


JOURNAL  or  THK 


without  prejudice  to  the  public  Service,  that  the  expedition  be 
postponed  for  six  or  seven  days  until  the  liarvest  be  completed  as 
the  grain  yet  in  the  field  is  already  injured.  Done,  Wildwyck,  this 
30^  August  1663,  (was  8ubscrii)ed)  Rorlof  Swartwout.  (Lower 
Stood)  By  Order  of  the  Sheriff,  Commissaries  and  Superior 
ojQUcers  of  the  Burgliery  in  Wildwyck  (signed)  Mattheus  Capito, 
Secretary."    Nothing  else  occurred  to-day. 

31*^  ditto.  It  raineif  somewhat  all  this  day,  therefore  the 
expedition  must  rest  for  tlie  present ;  sent  an  escort  to  the  rivei 
side  and  victualled  the  people  at  the  Redoubt  and  Sloop. 
Asked  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries,  verbally,  whether  they  could 
not  get  some  horses  to  accompany  us  in  the  attack  so  that  we 
may  be  able  to  place  the  wounded  on  them  if  we  happen  to  have 
any.  After  great  trouble  they  obtained  six  horses  from  a  few, 
but  spiteful  and  insulting  words  from  many.  One  said.  Let 
those  furnish  horses  who  commenced  the  war.  Another  said, 
I'll  give  'em  the  Devil — if  they  want  any  thing  they  will  have 
to  take  it  by  force.  The  third  said,  I  must  first  have  my  horse 
valued  and  have  security  for  it ;  and  so  forth  with  much  other 
foul  and  unbecoming  language,  not  to  he  repeated. 

lit  September.  Thomas  the  Irishman  and  Claesje  Hoorn 
arrived  with  their  yachts  at  the  Kill  from  the  Manhatans  ;  sent 
an  escort  to  the  river  side ;  intended  to  set  forth  to  day  but  the 
arrival  of  the  yachts  and  the  escort  to  the  river  side  prevented 
this,  and  the  weather  was  so  lowering  and  threatened  rain  so 
much  that  we  concluded  to  start  next  night  towards  the  break 
of  day;  but  as  it  rained  the  whole  night  we  could  not  set  out. 
Nothing  else  occurred  to  day.  A  party  was  out  in  the  field  with 
the  farmers,  but  nothing  happened. 

2^  ditto.  Sunday.  The  weatlier  continued  lowering,  and 
heavy  rain  fell.  In  the  afternoon  very  heavy  rain  fell  again  so 
that  we  could  not  sti^  out.  Nothing  occurred  during  the  entire 
day. 

3*  ditto.  About  one  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  we  started  from 
fort  Wtldwyckf  having  of  ray  company  two  and  twenty  men ;  of 
Lieutenant  Stilwil's  company,  four  and  twenty  men,  and  seven 
freemen,  with  two  of  the  Hon*"'®  Company's  Negroes.  We  took 
as  guide  the  young  Wappinger  Indian,  and  Christoffel  Davids  as 


Indian  jj 

cloth  cofl 

Indians. 

the  farm 

brought  1 

without  i 

tion.     Se 

much  offc 

officers,  sa 

can  get  th< 

our  fort  to 

flight,  duri; 

4«*  ditto. 

Kill  that  it 

on  horsebac 

°^e  a  raft 

returned  to 

Passed  the  ] 

that  the  peoj 

over  with  al 

marched  ab( 

during  the  ni 

5«>  ditto, 
to  their  first 
a  Dutch  worn 
fort  to  get  CO! 
field,  though 
to  ford  the  str 
therefore,  adoj 
«^ad,  and  tur: 
Arrived  about 
fort,  which  we 
force  in  two~] 
and  Lieutenanl. 
ceeded  in  this 
^n  order  to  com 
^evel  on  the  lefi 
Squaw,  who  wa 


f 


■KCOMO  ElOPUS  WAR. 


71 


Indian  interpreter,  and  promised  tlie  Indian  his  freedom  with  a 
cloth  coat,  on  condition  that  he  brought  us  t^uly  to  the  Esopus 
Indians.  We  got  eight  horses  with  very  great  difficulty  from 
the  farmers,  as  they  were  so  very  unwilling  and  could  not  be 
brought  to  gi  e  us  any  horses,  except  Thomas  Chambers,  who, 
without  any  solicitation,  presented  me  with  two  for  the  expedi- 
tion. Several  of  the  others,  who  would  not  give  any,  used 
much  offensive  language  to  the  Sheriff  and  to  the  tompany's 
officers,  saying-—"  They  will  have  horses ;  they  may  see  if  they 
can  get  them."  Marched  that  afternoon  about  three  miles  from 
our  fort  to  the  creek  which  runs  past  the  Redoubt ;  lay  there  that 
night,  during  which  we  had  great  rain. 

4t>>  ditto.  Found  such  high  water  and  swift  current  in  the 
Kill  that  it  was  impossible  to  ford  it ;  sent  six  men  immediately 
on  horseback  to  our  fort  Wildwyck  to  fetch  rope  and  axes  to 
make  a  raft  or  some  other  convenience  to  cross  the  creek  ;  they 
returned  to  us  about  ten  o'clock  ;  brought  three  axes  and  rope. 
Passed  the  rope  over  the  stream  in  order  to  hold  fast  to  it  so 
that  the  people  may  not  be  swept  far  down  the  creek.  Crossed 
over  with  all  the  men  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  and 
marched  about  four  miles  further  on,  where  we  bivouacked 
during  the  night.    Considerable  rain  fell  this  afternoon. 

5U>  ditto.  Set  out  again  at  day  break,  and  about  noon  came 
to  their  first  maize  field  where  we  discovered  two  Squaws  and 
a  Butch  woman  ;  who  had  come  that  morning  from  their  new 
fort  to  get  corn.  But  as  the  (JTeek  lay  between  us  and  the  corn- 
field, though  we  would  fain  have  the  women  it  was  impossible 
to  ford  the  stream  without  being  seen  and  then  discovered.  We 
therefore,  adopted  the  resolution  to  avoid  the  cornfield  and  the 
road,  and  turned  in  through  the  woods  so  as  not  to  be  seen. 
Arrived  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  within  sight  of  their 
fort,  which  we  discovered  situate  on  a  lofty  plain.  Divided  our 
force  in  two— Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  I  led  the'right  wing, 
and  Lieutenant  Stilwil  and  Ensign  Niessen  the  left  wing.  Pro- 
ceeded in  this  disposition  along  the  hill  so  as  not  to  be  seen  and 
in  order  to  come  right  under  the  fort ;  but  as  it  was  somewhat 
level  on  the  left  side  of  the  fort  and  the  soldiers  were  seen  by  a 
Squaw,  who  was  piling  wood  there  and  who  sent  forth  a  terrible 


f.     # 


n 


JOURNAL  OF  THE 


m 


m 

m 


scream  which  was  heartl  by  tlie  Indians  who  were  standing  and 
working  near  tlie  fort,  we  instantly  fell  upon  them.  The  Indians 
rushed  forthwith  through  the  fort  towards  their  houses,  which 
stood  about  a  stone's  throw  from  the  fort,  in  order  to  secure  their 
arms,  and  thus  hastily  picked  up  a  few  guns  and  bows  and  arrows, 
but  we  were  so  hot  at  their  heels  that  they  were  forced  to  leave 
many  of  them  behind.  We  kept  up  a  sharp  fire  on  them  and 
pursued  them  so  closely  that  they  leaped  into  the  creek  which 
ran  in  front  of  the  lower  part  of  their  maize  land.  On  reaching 
the  opposite  side  of  the  Kill,  they  courageously  returned  our  fire, 
whicli  we  sent  back,  so  that  we  were  obliged  to  send  a  party 
across  to  dislodge  them.  In  this  attack,  the  Indians  lost  their 
Chief,  named  Papequanaehen,  fourteen  other  warriors,  four 
women  and  three  children,  whom  we  saw  lying  both  on  this  and 
on  the  other  side  of  the  creek  but  probably  many  more  were 
wounded,  when  rushing  from  the  fort  to  the  houses,  when  we  did 
give  them  a  brave  charge.  On  our  side  three  were  killed  and 
six  wounded  and  we  have  recovered  three  and  twenty  Christian 
prisoners  out  of  their  hands.  We  have  also  taken  thirteen  of 
them  prisoners,  both  men  and  women,  besides  an  old  man  who 
accompanied  us  about  half  an  hour  but  would  not  go  farther. 
We  took  him  aside  and  gave  him  his  last  meal.  A  Captive 
Indian  Child  died  on  the  way,  so  that  there  remained  eleven  of 
them  still  our  prisoners.  The  enemy  being  conquered,  we 
reviewed  our  men;  found  we  had  one  wounded  mbre  than  we  liad 
horses.  Convened  the  Council  of  War ;  submitted  to  them 
what  was  now  best  for  us  to  do  relative  to  cutting  down  tlie 
maize.  The  Council  of  war  decided  that  we  could  indeed  cut 
it  down,  but  were  any  more  of  our  men  wounded,  how  could 
they  be  removed  having  already  one  more  than  we  had  horses, 
and  this  one  must  be  borne,  with  great  trouble,  on  a  litter  by  two. 
Resolved  to  let  the  maize  stand  for  the  present ;  plundered  the 
houses  wherein  was  considerable  booty,  such  as  bear  skins,  deer 
skins,  notasserij  blankets,  elk  hides,  besides  several  other  smaller 
articles  many  of  which  we  were  obliged  to  leave  behind  that  we 
could  not  bring  along  with  us,  for  we  could  well  fill  a  sloop. 
We  destroyed  as  much  as  we  could ;  broke  the  kettles  into 
pieces ;  got  also  twenty  four  or  five  guns,  more  than  the  half  of 


which  we 
the  stream 
Found,  als 
twenty  pou 
wampum ; 
off.    PJacec 
blanket  on  ] 
order  on  on 
fort.    The  1 
set  all  rour 
ground.    Ti 
sades,  all  of 
rows  of  port 
|he  tliird  ar 
strong  as  not 
large  as  the  c 
informed  us  t 
each  night  to 
brought  back 
them,  a  Molia 
night.    Whei 
into  tlie  wood 
do  you  carry 
To  which  the; 
Let  them  rem; 
that  the  Dutcl 
without  being 
they  kept  th( 
departed  in  the 
and  two  pieces 
came  just  that 
entirely  annihi 
Cfod  Almighty. 
Indians  new  fo 
somewhat  ston 

1  This  line  leadsi 
fa  the  vicinity  of 


f' 


SECOND    ESOPUS   WAR 


73 


which  we  smashed  and  threw  the  barrels  here  and  there  in 
the  stream,  backing  and  breaking  in  pieces  as  many  as  we  could. 
Found,  also,  several  horns  and  bags  of  powder,  in  all  about 
twenty  pounds ;  got  also  thirty  one  belts  and  some  strings  of 
wampum ;  took  the  best  of  the  booty  along  and  resolved  to  set 
oS.  Placed  the  wounded  on  the  horses  and  had  one  carried  in  a 
blanket  on  poles  by  two  soldiers  in  turns.  Set  out  thus  in  good 
order  on  our  return  and  marched  that  day  full  two  miles  from  the 
fort.  The  fort  was  a  perfect  square  with  one  row  of  palisades 
set  all  round  being  about  fifteen  feet  above,  and  three  feet  under 
ground.  They  had  already  completed  two  angles  of  stout  pali- 
sades, all  of  them  almost  as  thick  as  a  man's  body,  having: two 
rows  of  portholes,  one  above  the  other ;  and  they  were  busy  at 
(he  third  angle.  These  angles  were  constructed  so  solid  and 
strong  as  not  to  be  exceUed  by  Christians.  The  fort  was  not  so 
large  as  the  one  we  had  already  burnt. .  The  Christian  prisoners 
informed  us  that  they  were  removed  every  night  into  the  woods, 
each  night  to  a  different  place,  through  fear  of  the  Dutch,  and 
brought  back  in  the  morning  ;  but  on  the  day  before  we  attacked 
them,  a  Mohawk  visited  them,  who  slept  with  them  during  the 
night.  When  they  would  convey  tlie  Christian  Captives  again 
into  the  woods,  the  Mohawk  said  to  the  Esopus  Indians — ^What! 
do  you  carry  the  Christian  prisoners  every  night  into  the  woods'? 
To  which  they  answered — yes.  Whereupon  the  Mohawk  said. 
Let  them  remain  at  liberty  here  for  you  live  so  far  in  the  woods 
that  the  Dutch  will  not  come  hither,  for  they  cannot  come  so  far 
without  being  discovered  before  they  reach  you.  Wherefore 
they  kept  the  prisoners  by  them  that  night.  The  Mohawk 
departed  in  the  morning  for  the  Manessings  and  left  a  new  blanket 
and  two  pieces  of  cloth  which  fell  to  us  also  as  booty ;  and  we 
came  just  that  day  and  fell  on  them  so  that  a  portion  of  them  is 
entirely  annihilated.  Wherefore  praise  and  thanks  be  given  to 
God  Almighty.  The  course  lies  about  South  South  West  to  the 
Indians  new  fort  which  is  distant  about  12  miles' .  The  way  is 
somewhat  stoney  and  hilly,  but  the  road  for  the  greater  part  is 


I 


i.       ;,         ■ 


,t    .+■ 


.  '  '.i*«  ^-.: 


,■  V: 


i  ■    ' 


«         * 


i     t. 


1  This  line  leads  to  about  Bloominbarg,  in  the  town  of  Mamakating,  Snllivan  Co. 
in  the  vicinity  of  which  village  it  is  presumed  the  above  battle  was  fought.    Ed. 


■:;■;*  '[', 


p„  :. 


If 


>.ip, 


74 


JOURNAL  OF  THE 


good.  After  leaving  their  fort  we  marched  that  day  two  miles 
where  we  passed  the  night.    Perceived  the  Indians  on  the  road. 

6*h  ditto.  Early  in  the  morning  we  started  anew ;  were 
obliged  to  cross  a  rapid,  stoney  creek,  and  came  this  day  just 
beyond  the  Esopus  Kill,  which  runs  by  the  Redoubt,  where  we 
remained  this  night,  and  there  died  the  Indian  child,  which  we 
threw  into  the  creek.  Saw  scarcely  any  Indians  that  day  on 
the  road. 

7th  ditto.  Started  again  and  arrived  about  noon  at  Wildvoyck; 
did  not  remark  any  thing  by  the  way. 

8*.  An  escort  attended  the  reapers  in  the  field  ;  returned 
in  the  evening  without  having  seen  any  thing.  Christoffels 
Davids  departed.    .  ,     V 

9ti>  ditto.  Sunday.  Lieutenant  Stilwil  and  Lieutenant  Cou« 
wenhoven  left  for  the  Manhatans  with  the  sloop ;  sent  with 
them  seven  wounded  and  some  sick,  together  with  seventeen 
of  Lieutenant  Stilwil's  men  and  twelve  of  my  company ;  had 
them  escorted  to  the  river  side.    Nothing  else  occurred  to-day. 

lO'h  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  out  with  the  reapers  and 
those  diiving  the  teams.  Nothing  #)ccurred.  They  returned 
about  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  as  it  commenced  raining 
liard  and  they  saw  nothing.  *  v 

11  tb  ditto.    Nothing  new ;  it  rained  the  entire  day. 

12*''  ditto.  Two  yachts  arrived  at  the  Redoubt  from  Fort 
Orange ;  had  Reyntje  Pietersen  and  Hans  Carolussen  escorted 
up ;  detached  a  party  in  Ambush  and  one  in  the  field  with 
tliose  pulling  Hemp,  but  nothing  happened. 

IS^h  ditto.    Nothing  occurred  as  it  rained  the  whole  day. 

14'''  ditto.  Sent  an  escort  to  the  Redoubt  by  the  river  side. 
Nothing  else  transpired,  as  it  rained  again  nearly  the  entire  day. 

IS"' ditto.  Maet  Seeu  arrived  at  the  Redoubt  with  his  boat 
and  eight  soldiers  and  some  letters  from  the  Heeren  Councillors, 
dated  IS*"*  September.  Had  him  conducted  up  to  the  village 
of  Wildwyck.  An  ordinance  is  enacted  by  the  Ck)uncil  of  War ; 
it  reads  as  follows  :  


#' 


SECOND  ESOPUS  WAR. 


75 


<<  Ordinance  made  and  enacted  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and 
valiant  Council  of  War  Commanding  the  Military  troops  at 
WUdwyck  in  the  Esopus. 

"  Whereas  it  is  found  by  daily  experience  that  several  of  the 
military  do,  without  permission  of  the  Serjeant  or  Corporal,  leave 
their  posts  or  stations  either  to  work  with  the  farmers  or  on 
some  other  pretence,  Wherefore  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and 
valiant  Council  of  War  being  desirous  to  provide  therefor,  have 
ordered  and  directed,  as  they  do  hereby  order  and  direct— 

1. 

"  That  no  one  shall  presume  to  quit  his  post  or  station  without 
permission  of  the  Segeant  or  Corporal  in  command,  under  the 
penalty  of  twenty  stivers  for  the  first  offence,  40  stivers  for  the 
second,  and  arbitrary  punishment  for  the  third. 

2. 

''No  person  shall  presume  to  take  or  steal  another's  gun, 
powder  or  lead  in  any  manner  whatsoever,  on  pain  of  corporal 
punishment,  according  ,to  the  gravity  of  the  case. 

3. 

"  Neither  shall  any  person,  be  he  who  he  may,  commence  or 
begin  any  tiuarrel  on  guard,  much  less  come  drunk  or  to  drink 
there,  under  a  penalty  of  twenty  stivers  for  each  offence. 


'•f; 


•*    <ti 


:.yff  ■,. 


"Every  one  shall  hold  himself  in  readiness  with  his  gun, 
duly  provided  with  powder  and  ball,  to  appear  immediately, 
or  on  the  first  command  of  the  superior  or  inferior  officer, 
wherever  he  may  be  required,  then  to  await  further  orders,  and 
whoever  acts  contrary  or  disobeys  herein  shall  be  arbitrarily 
punished  according  to  his  deserts,  pursuant  to  the  sentence  of 
the  Court  Martial.  .        .  ,     ,, 

"  No  one  shall  go  from  one  guard  or  post  to  another  without 
taking  with  him  his  proper  hand  and  side  arms,  so  that  he  may 
be  immediately  prepared  to  defend  himself  in  case  of  alarm, 
under  a  penalty  of  twenty  stivers  for  each  offence,  and  as  often 
as  he  shall  be  found  disobeying  herein.    Thus  done  by  the  Cap^ 


i 

1 

%" 

'W' 

S     'i 


< 

'■ 

« 

fl» , 

•■ 

i 

«» 

'  I 

'.''• 

■',■ 

I'f' 


•    #: 


■a» 


i 


76 


JOURNAL  OF  THE 


Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War,  in  WUdwyckj  this  15 
September,  1663." 

Nothing  else  occurred,  inasmuch  as  it  was  again  rainy 
weather. 

IQih  ditto.  Sunday.  Nothing  occurred  and  no  detachment 
was  sent  out. 

17"» ditto.  Maet  Seeu  left  again  with  his  boat;  took  with 
him  two  sick,  Peter  Andriessen  and  Jan  Coppenou.  and  two 
horses  for  Monsieur  Verlet  and  sundry  empty  barrels  for  the 
Hon^ie  Company  ;  had  him  escorted  to  the  Redoubt  by  32  men. 
Thomas  the  Irishman  arrived  to  day,  at  the  Redoubt  and  a  small 
straw  cabin  in  which  a  soldier  resided  was  burnt,  but  nothing 
can  be  ascertained  as  to  how  the  fire  originated.  Meanwhile 
the  Soldier  lost  all  his  property.  Nothing  else  occurred  this 
day. 

18">  ditto.  Presented  the  following  request  to  the  Magistrates 
of  this  village  of  Wildwyck : — ^"  Whereas  the  Heer  Director 
General  and  the  Heeren  Councillors  have  written  to  us  here  that 
it  is  their  intention  to  send  hither,  by  the  first  opportunity,  addi- 
tional Soldiers  and  a  party  of  Marseping  Savages, '  to  seek  out 
and  subdue  as  much  as  possible  the  Esopus  Indians,  our  enemy, 
the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War,  therefore,  request 
the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  of  this  village  of  Wildwyck  to  be 
pleased  to  allot  two  or  three  houses  in  this  village  to  lodge,  pro- 
visionally, the  aforesaid  force  whenever  it  shall  arrive.  This 
doing,  our  friendship  shall  follow.  Done,  Wildwyck,  IS***  Sept' 
1663."  Answer  of  the  Court  as  follows  :— "  The  W.  Court  hav- 
ing looked  around  at  the  request  of  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and 
Council  of  War  for  proper  lodgings  for  the  coming  forces,  have 
induced  Pieter  Jacobsen  to  give  his  mill  for  40  to  50  Soldiers, 
and  the  W.  Court  wiU  do  its  best  to  find  out  quarters  for  tht 
Savages.  Done,  Wildvoyck,  this  18*''  September  1663.  (was  sub- 
scribed) RoELOF  SwAKTwouT.  (Lowcr  stood)  By  order  of  the 
W.  Court  in  Wildwyck  aforesaid.  Mattheus  Capito,  Secretary. 
Two  detachments  were  out,  to  day,  with  the  reapers  in  the  field 

1  These  were  Queens  Go.  Indians.    Thompson  calls  them  Marsepeagues,  and 
mjs  their  principal  settlement  was  at  Fort  Keck.    Ed. 


and  at  the  Great 
evening ;  saw  nc 

19t''  ditto.  Tl 
had  him  escorte( 
tlie  reapers,  but 

20t''  ditto.  T^ 
Tjerck's  to  cut  c 
ing  having  seen  j 

21«t  ditto.  T^ 
ploughers,  the  ot 
did  not  see  any  t 

22d  ditto.  Ar 
ploughmen;  saw 
the  Kill  where  s< 
about  2  hours'  m 
patch  of  maize,  i 
Indians  or  bears 
'twas  of  little  va 
first  informed  u 
planted  tliere  pri 
to  and  fro  to  ir 
they'll  not  find 

23<i  ditto.  Sul 
sent  a  convoy  to 
About  eleven  o 
little  kill  in  an 
about  three  mile 
was  some  maize 
either  by  land  o 

24"*  ditto, 
night  returned 
were  at  Sager* 
saw  no  Indians 
tiiere  for  a  long 
hoocht)  and  coi 

1  Oostlyck.    This 

or  9  English  miles  f 

'northeasterly"  w 


SECOND  ESOPUS  WAR. 


77 


and  at  the  Great  Plot,  and  20  men  in  ambush.  Returned  in  the 
evening ;  saw  nothing. 

19"' ditto.  Thomas  the  Irishman  sailed  for  the  Manhatans ; 
had  liim  escorted.  Two  detachments  were  out  in  the  field  with 
the  reapers,  but  saw  nothing. 

20t'»  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  out  at  the  Great  Plot  by 
Tjerck's  to  cut  oats  and  to  plough  j  they  returned  in  the  even- 
ing having  seen  nothing.  »..♦. 

21  "t  ditto.  Two  detachments  went  out  again ;  one  with  the 
ploughers,  the  other  with  those  drawing  home  the  oats,  but  they 
did  not  see  any  thing.        ...  j. 

22^  ditto.  Another  detachment  was  out  in  the  field  with  the 
ploughmen ;  saw  nothing.  Sent  a  party  about  midnight  along 
tlie  Kill  where  some  maize  lay ;  distant  South  from  Wildwyck 
about  2  hours'  march ;  but  on  arriving  there  found  only  a  small 
patch  of  maize,  as  it  had  all  been  plucked  by  some  straggling 
Indians  or  bears.  Our  people  took  away  the  remainder,  but 
'twas  of  little  value.  The  Indian  prisoners  whom  we  hold  had 
first  informed  us,  to  day,  that  a  small  spot  of  corn  had  been 
planted  there  principally*to  supply  food  to  stragglers  who  went 
to  and  fro  to  injure  the  Christians.  Should  they  come  again 
they'll  not  find  any  food. 

23<i  ditto.  Sunday.  Nothing  particular.  Towards  evening 
sent  a  convoy  to  the  river  side  to  bring  up  bread  for  the  garrison. 
About  eleven  o'clock  that  night  sent  out  a  party  to  the  Soger's 
little  kill  in  an  easterly  >  direction  from  our  village  of  Wildwyck 
about  three  miles  from  our  fort,  having  been  informed  that  there 
was  some  maize  there,  to  see  if  they  could  not  remove  it  thence, 
either  by  land  or  water.  :>^. ,  _;>-  ■(■    /    >    •    . 

24^'»  ditto.  Monday.  The  party  that  was  sent  out  in  the 
night  returned  home  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  ;  they 
were  at  Sager's  Killetie,  on  the  Indians'  maize  plantation,  but 
saw  no  Indians  nor  any  thing  to  indicate  that  they  had  been 
there  for  a  long  time,  for  the  maize  had  not  been  hoed,  {aange- 
hoocht)  and  could  not  come  to  its  full  growth,  but  had  been 

1  Oostlyck.    This  must  evidently  be  an  error,  as  they  could  not  go  3  Dutch 
or  9  English  miles  from  Kingston,  in  an  easterly  direction.    It  is  presumed  that 
'  northeasterly  "  was  intended,  in  which  direction  S»iij|Brtie8  lies.    Ed 


I:      ...  IJ 


i      t 
f 


.i   ■,  ■*■! 


Ijl. 


% 


,.| 


A'- 


6U 


Vlil!! 


HI  Si 


!(;'«}'• 


78 


JOURNAL    OF   THF 


much  injured  by  the  wild  beasts  j  neither  will  any  of  it  reach 
perfection,  except  one  plantation  which  was  good,  having  been 
hoed  by  the  Indians.  'Twas,  however,  much  injured  by  the 
wild  beasts ;  each  of  our  people  brought  a  load  of  it  home  on 
his  back,  and  left  some  more  standing,  which  we  will  when 
convenient  bring  hither.  They  also  say  that  it  is  beautiful 
maize  land,  suitable  for  a  number  of  bouweries  and  for  the  im 
mediate  reception  of  the  plough.  Had  an  escort  in  the  field  to 
bring  in  the  oats  and  buckwheat,  and  sent  one  to  the  Redoubt, 
as  Domine  Blom  had  arrived  in  the  Spaniard's  yacht,  and  some 
supplies  had  also  been  sent  from  the  Manhatans  by  the  Heerm 
Councillors  for  the  troops  in  the  Esopus.  Otherwise,  nothing 
particular  occurred  to-day. 

25""  ditto.  Had  an  escort  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen, 
and  sent  one  to  the  river  side  to  fetch  up  supplies  or  provisions. 
A  soldier  named  Jurien  Jansen  fell  out  of  a  canoe  at  the  Redoubt 
and  was  drowned ;  he  was  reaching  for  a  squirrel  and  the  canoe 
thus  upset  and  he  was  drowned.  Nothing  else  occurred  to-day 
except  sending  some  horses  and  wagons  to  fort  Orange  which 
were  required  by  the  owners. 

26t'»  ditto.  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  arrived  at  the  Redoubt 
and  Wildwyck  with  some  Marseping  Savages.  Sent  a  detach- 
ment to  the  water  side  to  fetch  up  some  supplies.  Inasmuch  as 
Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  has  arrived  at  Wildwyck,  and  the 
gunner's  wife  has  again  brought  a  quantity  of  strong  drink 
along,  which  she  retails  as  well  to  Indians  as  to  Christians,  with- 
out making  any  exception  as  to  habitual  drunkards,  and  fur- 
nishes them  with  so  much  that  they  cannot  distinguish  even  the 
door  of  the  house,  and  then,  coming  out,  fight  with  and  strike 
the  Indians.  Therefore,  desirous  to  prevent  all  mischiefs  which 
might  arise  from  strong  drink,  the  rather  as  an  expedition  is 
again  about  jx)  set  out,  according* to  letters  from  the  Supreme 
Council,  and  in  order  to  have  sober  and  proper  men  to  march  at 
the  first  command  of  the  oflficers,  the  Cap*  Lieutenant  and 
valiant  Council  of  War  have,  for  the  present,  sent  an  order  to 
the  Sheriff  of  this  Village,  wliicli  reads  as  follows — "  Tlie  Cap* 
Lieutenant  and' valiant  Council  of  War  having  orders  from  the 
Supreme  govemm^t  to  get  up  ^ngth^r  expedition,  -and  the 


SECOND   E80PUS    WAR  TIP 

entire  military,  and  the  Natives  our  friends,  the  Marseping 
Indians,  being  here  also  holding  themselves  in  readiness  to  set 
out- at  the  "first  command  of  the  officers.  The  Cap*  Lieutenant 
and  valiant  Council  of  War  do  therefore  hereby  authorize  and 
order  Sheriff  Swartwout  of  this  village  to  notify  and  forbid  the 
tappers  or  retailers  of  strong  drink  who  follow  the  profession  of 
selling  liquor  in  this  village,  that  they  do  not  under  present  cir- 
cumstances sell  strong  drink  to  any  one,  be  he  Christian  or 
Indian,  under  the  forfeiture  of  the  intoxicating  liquor  that  may 
be  found  in  liis  house.  Done,  Wildvyyck^  26*''  September, 
1C63."    Meanwhile,  nothing  else  occurred  to-day. 

27*''  ditto.  An  escort  was  in  the  iield  with  the  ploughmen 
and  one  to  the  river  side  to  fetch  up  provisions.  Notliing  else 
happened. 

28"'  ditto:  The  Council  of  War  engaged  Derrick  Smith  to 
remain  at  the  Redoubt  with  his  yacht  until  we  return  with  the 
troops  from  the  expedition,  in  order  to  carry  back  the  forces  and 
Marseping  Indians,  and  agreed  with  said  Smith  that  he  shall  have 
in  Seawan  eight  guilders  light  money  per  day.  A  detachment 
was  out  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen ;  10  to  12  of  our  Indians 
were  out  in  the  bush  shooting.  They  returned  in  the  evening ; 
say  that  they  have  discovered  signs  of  where  the  Indians  are 
gone  to.    Nothing  else  occurred  to  day. 

29*  ditto.  Convened  ihe  Council  of  war  and  resolved  and 
concluded  to  set  out  on  another  expedition  against  the  Esopus 
Indians  next  Monday  being  the  1«*  of  October,  and  each  man 
shall  be  furnished  with  three  .pounds  of  biscuit,  one  pound  of 
powder  and  one  pound  of  ball  for  the  expedition.  An  order  is 
also  given  to  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  as  follows — "  Whereas 
by  orders  from  the  Director  General  and  Council  of  New  Nether- 
land  an  expedition  is  about  to  set  out  against  the  Esopus  Indians, 
our  enemies  and  sixteen  horses  are  required  to  accompany  and 
to  be  used  by  said  expedition,  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Valiant 
[Council  of  War,]  therefore  request  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries 
of  this  Village  of  Wildwyck  to  supply  said  horses  from  the 
inhabitants  by  the  first  of  October  proximo,  being  next  Monday, 
Done,  Wildwyck  the  2^*  September  1663,"     A  detachment  was 


- 


^v. 


* 


80 


JOURNAL  OF  THE 


I  m 


in  the  field  with  the  ploughiiieii,and  one  to  the  river  side ;  Saw 
nothing. 

30t'»  September,  Sunday  afternoon,  caused  powder  and  ball  to 
be  distributed  to  the  soldiers  and  Indians ;  one  pound  powder, 
one  pound  lead  each,  with  three  pounds  biscuit  for  this  expedi- 
tion.   Nothing  else  happened  to  ^ay. 

1«*  October  being  Monday,  we  marclied  from  WUdwyck  with 
these  following  troops ;  of  the  Military  102  men ;  of  the 
Marseping  Indians  46  men  ;.  of  the  freemen  6  ;  with  14  horses 
obtained  from  the  farmers  of  WUdvoyck  for  the  use  of  the 
expedition  so  as  to  be  able  to  accommodate  the  wounded,  should 
we  have  any.  Marched  with  these  troops  about  9  hours  and 
arrived  in  the  evening  about  7  miles  from  WUdwyck  where  we 
passed  the  night.  Experienced  scarcely  any  trouble  through  the 
day ;  had  considerable  rain  in  the  night. 

2n<i  ditto.  Started  again  with  our  troops  and  about  two  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon  came  to  the  fort  of  the  Esopus  Indians  where 
we  had  attacked  them  on  the  S'"*  September  and  there  found  five 
large  pits  into  which  they  had  cast  their  dead.  The  wolves  had 
rooted  up  and  devoured  some  of  them.  Lower  down  on  the 
Kill  were  four  other  pits  full  of  dead  Indians  and  we  found, 
futher  on,  three  Indians  with  a  Squaw  and  a  Child  that  lay 
unburied  and  almost  wholly  devoured  by  the  ravens  and  the 
wolves.  Sent  out,  immediately  a  party  of  Dutch  men  and  Indians 
four  miles  beyond  the  fort  in  a  South  westerly  direction  where 
our  guide  presumed  some  Esopus  Indians  would  be,  but,  on 
coming  there  discovered  nothing  but  some  wigwams  which  had 
been  a  long  time  abandoned  by  the  Indians.  Meanwhile  I  had 
been  over  the  Kill  with  a  party  of  men  and  pulled  off  the  corn 
and  threw  it  into  the  Kill.  The  troops  returned  in  the  evening 
without  having  seen  any  Indians.  About  two  miles  from  the 
fort  perceived  the  trail  of  two  Indians  who  had  gone  across  the 
mountain ;  supposed  to  be  strange  Indians  ;  The  trail  was  a  day 
old. 

3^  ditto.  Early  in  the  morning  despatched  a  party  of  soldiers 
and  Indians  into  the  woods  to  see  if  they  could  not  find  any 
Indians  ;  sent  a  detachment  again  over  the  Kill  to  pull  up  the 
maize  and  throw  it  into  the  Kill.    In  the  afternoon  sent  two 


other  detocl 
the  creek,  as 
Into  the  Kill 
ed>  without  h 

4*^  ditto. 
«des,  one  on 
together  with 
thus  the  fort  « 
o'clock  we  mi 
divers  maize  j 
corn  into  the  c 
which  we  bui 
marched  that  < 
where  we  remaj 
the  rain  falling 
had  come  up  y 
They  told  the  CJ 
as  they  couJd  re 
Chief  did  not  m, 
two  miles.    The! 

which  tJiey  took 

5»*  ditto.    Stil 

our  homeward  m 

mers'  horses  straj 

where,  but  could' 

and  arrived  in  th 

^oad.    The  cours 

lies  mostly  South  I 

which  are  breast-h 

«»d  hilly,  in som 
6''' ditto.    Had 

occurred  to-day 
^"•^itto.    Sun* 

ifith  twenty  Indian 
«'«fr'«)  from  wud 

with  maize,  for  the 

into  the  creek;  th< 

fif  maize  having  th 

ypi..  IV.  ^ 


SECOND  E80PUS  WAR. 


Si 


other  detachments  into  the  corn  fields  to  throw  the  maize  into 
the  creek,  as  the  corn  which  stood  about  the  fort  was  all  thrown 
into  the  Kill  by  the  evening.  After  sundown  our  party  return- 
ed, without  having  captured  or  discovered  any  thing. 

4^  ditto.  We  pulled  up  the  Indian  fort  and  threw  the  pali- 
sades, one  on  the  other,  in  sundry  heaps  and  set  them  on  fire, 
together  with  the  wigwams  which  stood  around  the  fort,  and 
thus  the  fort  and  houses  were  destroyed  and  burnt.  About  10 
o'clock  we  marched  thence  down  along  tlie  creek  where  lay 
divers  maize  plantations,  which  we  also  destroyed  and  cast  the 
corn  into  the  creek.  Several  large  Wigwams  stood  also  there 
which  we  burnt.  Now,  having  destroyed  every  thing,  we 
marched  that  day,  on  our  return,  about  four  miles  further, 
where  we  remained  with  the  troops  that  night  by  a  smaU  creek, 
the  rain  falling  the  entire  time.  Two  Hackinsack  Indians  who 
had  come  up  with  the  Marsepings  staid  behind  at  the  fort. 
They  told  the  Chief  that  they  should  return  home  from  thence, 
as  they  could  reach  Hackinsack  as  soon  as  Esopus ;  but  the 
Chief  did  not  mention  it  to  us  until  we  had  marched  back  some 
two  miles.  These  two  Indians  had,  each,  a  gun  from  the  Esopus, 
which  tliey  took  away  with  them. 

5^  ditto.  Still  raining  incessantly ;  but  we  again  resumed 
our  homeward  march  to  WUdwyck.  This  night  one  of  the  far- 
mers' horses  strayed  away  ;  searched  for  it  tliis  morning  every 
where,  but  could  not  find  it.  Meanwliile  continued  our  march, 
and  arrived  in  the  evening  at  Wildwyck.  Saw  nothing  on  the 
road.  The  course  from  Wildwyck  to  the  Indians'  burnt  fort 
lies  mostly  South  Southwest  across  several  large  creeks,  some  of 
which  are  breast-high,  some  not  so  deep.  The  way  is  very  bad 
and  hilly ;  in  some  places  is  very  fine  land. 

6^*'  ditto.  Had  two  escort^  tp  the  iriveir  side ;  no]l;hing  else 
occurred  to-day. 

1^  4itto.  Sunday.  At  break  of  day  sent  out  forty  soldiers 
with  twenty  Indians  to  the  Sogers  Killetjet  lying  easterly  (Oost- 
wa^ts)  from  WUdwyckj  where  there  were  two  fields  planted 
with  maize,  for  the  purpose  of  destroying  this  and  throwing  it 
into  the  creek ;  they  returned  in  the  evening  each  with  a  load 
Qf  maize  having  thrown  ^h^  remainder  into  the  pfee]^.    A^V^t 

YfiL.  IV.  6 


■•-  /  . 


\  ■:■' 


'•:  "h 


•  ■ 

'* 

A 

- 

< 

.^«  .  ■  t 


i      *     « 


•I 


41! 

[I 


M 


1,1*' 


[  «,';<  i|« 


W  JOURNAL  OF  THR 

noon,  to  day,  a  girl  was  brought  up  from  the  Redoubt  who,  the 
day  before  had  arrived  on  the  opposite  bank  there  and  was  im- 
mediately conveyed  across  [the  stream].  When  the  girl  oanio 
to  Wildwyck  she  was  forthwith  asked,  where  she  came  from  '{ 
Said,  she  had  escaped  from  an  Indian  who  Imd  taken  lier  pri- 
soner, and  who  resided  in  the  mountain  on  the  other  side  of  the 
creek  about  three  miles  from  Wildwyck  where  lie  liad  a  liut  and 
a  small  patch  of  corn  which  he  had  pulled  and  had  been  then< 
about  three  weeks  to  remove  the  corn.  The  Council  of  War 
forthwith  resolved  to  send  thither  forty  men  to  tryandciilchhiiii, 
whereupon  Ensign  Niessen  with  36  soldiers  and  Lieutenant 
Couwenhoven  with  5  Indians  were  ordered  out.  Tliey  marclied 
from  Wildwyck  about  noon  and  crossed  over  at  the  Redoubt. 
They  reached  the  hut  about  sunset  which,  having  completely 
surrounded,  they  surprized,  but  found  it  empty.  The  Indian  had 
abandoned  it  before  their  arrival.  They  found  a  lot  of  corn 
near  the  hut,  and  another  lot  at  the  kill,  part  of  which  they  burned 
and  brought  a  part  here.  Remained  in  the  hut  during  the  night 
and  watched  there. 

8"»  ditto.  About  ten  o'clock  tlie  troops  returned  to  Wildmick 
Convened  the  Council  of  War  and  resolved  and  concluded  to 
send  off  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  the  Marseping  Indians 
and  about  forty  of  our  soldiers  to  the  Mauhatans  on  tlie  morrow 
being  the  ninth  of  October.  The  Council  of  War  also  resolved 
to  send  down  all  the  Indian  prisoners  likewise  to  the  Manhatans 
being  eleven  Esopus  Indians,  big  and  little  and  one  Wappinger, 
making  twelve  in  all,  as  there  is  no  probability  of  their  being 
redeemed  here,  none  of  ihe  Esopus  Indians  coming  here  to  speak 
td  or  enquire  after  them.    Nothing  else  occurred  to  day. 

9"'  ditto.  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  departed  in  Dirick  Smitli's 
yacht,  took  with  him  all  the  Marseping  Indians  and  40  of  the 
military.  Sent  no  escort  to  the  river  side  with  them.  Nothing 
else  happened.  The  horse  which  we  left  on  the  expedition 
returned  back  to  Wildwyck  to  day. ,  ,, 

lO*!*  ditto.  A  detachment  was  out  in  the  field  with  the 
ploughmen — ^thej  returned  about  noon  as  it  began  to  rain  hard. 
Louis,  the  Waloon,  went  to  day  to  fetch  his  oxen  which  had 
gone  back  of  Juriaen  Westphaelen's  land.    As  he  was  about  to 


drive  homi 

tended  to 

bim  with  a 

a  piece  of  fl 

with  it  80  ti 

the  kill,  an 

whereupon 

them,  but  tl 

And  althouj 

discover  thei 

harm  was  d 

pany's  yacht 

day. 

n«h  ditto 
ploughmen  a 
S(!eing  any  th 
12th  ditto, 
ploughmen. 
Orange  with 
and  Evert  Pe 
on  the  East 
Mohawk  to  d 
the  Indians  oi 
and  were  to  c 
Indian  had  gi 
and  the  Mahic 
their  maize  p 
plantations  to 
brought  this  n 
October,  the 
Jfow,  the  resu 
letter  from  Ca 
to  your  Honor 
Capt  Thomas  ( 
Fort  Orange  ai 
plantations  wl 
Mohawk  had  i 

.■'""1. 


SECOND   K80PUS    WAR. 


83 


drive  home  the  oxen,  three  Indians,  who  lay  in  the  bush  and  in- 
tended to  seize  him,  leaped  forth.  When  one  of  these  shot  at 
him  with  an  arrow  but  only  slightly  wounded  him,  Louis,  having 
a  piece  of  a  palisade  in  his  hand,  struck  the  Indian  on  the  breast 
with  it  so  that  he  staggered  back,  and  Louis  escaped  through 
the  kill,  and  came  thence  and  brought  the  news  ihto  the  fort, 
whereupon  two  detachments  were  instantly  despatched  to  attack 
them,  but  they  had  taken  to  flight  and  retreated  into  the  woods. 
And  although  a  party  searched  for  them  an  hour  they  could  not 
discover  them ;  they  thereupon  retui'ued  to  Wildwyck.  No  other 
harm  was  done  by  the  three  Indians.  This  evening  the  Com- 
pany's yacht  arrived  at  the  Redoubt.  Nothing  else  occurred  to 
day. 

IV^  ditto.  Two  dc  acliments  were  in  the  field  with  the 
ploughmen  and  one  in  ambush ;  returned  in  the  evening  without 
seeing  any  thing.  .>ir.j#  -ijr/ 

IS""  ditto.  Two  parties  were  again  in  the  field  with  the 
ploughmen.  About  noon,  to  day,  Reyntje  Pieters  came  from  fort 
Orange  with  his  yacht  in  which  also  arrived  Thomas  Chambers 
and  Evert  Pels.  Brought  news  that  Peter  the  Fleming,  residing 
on  the  East  shore  opposite  Bethleliem  had  been  warned  by  a 
Mohawk  to  depart  if  he  wish  not  to  be  killed,  for  he  said  that  all 
the  Indians  on  the  East  side  of  fort  Orange  river  had  assembled 
and  were  to  come  in  five  days  to  attack  fort  Orange.  This 
Indian  had  given  him  this  warning,  he  being  his  great  JVytap ' 
and  the  Mahicanders  and  the  Cattskill  Indians  had  all  abandoned 
their  maize  plantations ;  yea.  had  oifered  to  sell  divers  maize 
plantations  to  the  Dutch  for  a  piece  of  cloth.  Peter  the  Fleming 
brought  this  news  to  Fort  Orange  on  Monday,  being  the  1^^  of 
October,  the  day  before  he  left  fort  Orange  with  the  yacht. 
Now,  the  result  hereof  time  will  determine.  I  also  received  a 
letter  &om  Cattskill,  from  Elbert  Herbertsen  which  I  enclose 
to  your  Honors.  It  is  dated  26^  September.  In  like  manner 
Capt  Thomas  Chambers  informs  me  that  many  of  the  Dutch  of 
Fort  Orange  are  removing  in  canoes  the  com  from  the  Indians' 
plantations  which  had  been  abandoned  by  the  Indians.  This 
Mohawk  had  also  said  that  five  Indian  Nations  had  assembled 


i       < 


.   t 


\      >*■ 


I  • 


If. 


J*  . ,  \ 


*     f 


lu.'     • 


1  An  Algonkin  word  meaning,  "  Friend."    Ed. 


JOUAWAL  OF  THK 


1 

V 

1 

1 

^1  TfiB^lHi 

|j|;j 

HI 

1 

m  \ 

if}'  i 

^^^■^■i ' 

^^^^^B' 

m  1 

ILi 

|li|i'iaH| 

i 

i 

together ;  namely  the  Mahioanden,  the  Cutskills,  the  Wappin. 
gen,  those  of  Esopus  betides  another  tribe  of  Indians  tlmt  dwell 
half  way  between  Fort  Orange  and  Hartford.  Now,  time  will 
tell  what  there  is  herein.  He  said  their  place  of  meeting  wu8  on 
the  east  side  of  the  fort  Orange  river,  alx)Ut  tlirue  niil«s  inluud 
from  Claveraok,  and  that  tliey  were  about  five  liiindred  strong. 
Sent  two  escorts  to  the  river  side  to  fetch  up  the  Hont>>«  Com- 
pany's goods.  They  returned  to  WUdwyck  together  with  the 
detachnteuts  that  had  been  out  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen. 
Saw  notliing. 

13  ditto.  Tlie  Company's  yachK  I'eturued  to  the  Manhat^uis; 
tlie  sr.me  day  two  yachts  also  arrived  from  the  Manhatans  uiul 
sailed  for  fort  Orange,  after  Iiaving  touched  at  the  Kedoubt.  A 
detachment  was  out  iu  the  field  with  the  plough  men  and  one 
in  ambush,  and  I  sent  an  escort  to  the  river  side.  The  l)eer  sent 
up  by  the  Heer  General  was  likewise  distributiil,  to  day,  to  the 
soldiers.    NotlUng  else  occurred. 

14^  ditto;  Sunday — nothing  to  note  except  that  I  sent  a  convoy 
in  the  evening  to  the  river  side  to  drive  up  some  cuttle  wliicli 
had  arrived  from  Fort  Orange. 

15  ditto.  Ck)mmunicated  another  Order  to  the  W.  Court 
relative  to  the  non  repairs  of  the  fortress  of  WUdwyck.  It  is 
verbally  as  follows : — 

^  Wherkas  an  Jictt  dated  23<>  August  has  been  communicated 
to  the  Sohout  &  Commissaries  of  this  Village  Wildwyck  respect- 
ing the  repair  of  this  fortress  of  WUdwyck  and  nothing  resulted 
therefrom  to  this  date,  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War 
do,  therefore,  again  recommend  and  order  the  W.  Court  of  this 
Village  of  WUdwyck  to  cause  the  said  fortress  to  be  properly 
secured  by  the  Commonalty  of  this  Village  against  all  unexpected 
attacks  as  necessity  requires  it,  and  the  fort  lies  open  at  divers 
points  as  the  W.  Court  can  itself  see  in  what  state  it  at  present 
ia :  Wherefore  the  W.  Court  of  this  Village  of  Wildwyck  is 
again  condescendingly  requested  to  be  pleased  to  give  orders  to 
repair  the  above  mentioned  fort  in  a  proper  manner,  and  in 
deiiult  thereof  the  Capt.  Xieutenant  and  Council  of  War  do 
hereby  protest,  should  any  attack  be  made  by  our  enemies  on 
fhis  fortress,  that  they  hql4  themselves  guiltless  thereof,  this 


■BOOITD  K80PU1  WAR. 


86 


fortKM  being  at  present  incapable  of  defence — and  there  appears 
no  dispoeition  as  yet  to  repair  it — although  the  said  Capt 
Lieutenant  and  Ck>uncil  of  War  will  perform  their  duty  with  the 
force  entrusted  to  them  ly  the  Supreme  Government  and  shall 
constantly  hold  tliemselves  in  readiness,  both  in  garrison  and  in 
the  field,  to  maintain  this  place  for  the  public  interest,  trusting 
that  the  W.  Court  will  please  to  give  order  herein  to  their  Ck)m- 
moualty  for  the  proper  reparation  thereof,  wliich  awaiting  &c. 
Done,  Wildwyck  im  8b«  1663." 

Two  convoys  were  out  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen  and 
one  in  ambush ;  saw  nothing  during  the  day.  Hans  the  Norman 
arrived  at  the  Redoubt  with  his  yacht  fVom  fort  Orange ;  reports 
that  full  seven  thousand  Indians  had  assembled  at  Claverack,  on 
the  east  side,  about  three  miles  inland,  but  lie  knows  not  with 
what  intent.  Now  what  this  can  mean,  whether  it  be  true  or 
not,  we  cannot  determine,  but  in  my  opinion  it  looks  somewhat 
like  fiction.    Meanwhile,  nothing  else  occurred. 

W^  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  f^ain  in  the  field  with  the 
ploughmen,  and  an  escort  was  also  down  to  the  river  side. 
They  returned  and  nothing  else  happened. 

17<>*  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  again  abroad  with  the 
ploughmen,  and  likewise  one  in  ambush  and  had  another  as  an 
escort  to  the  river  side.  Nothing  occurred  to-day.  An  Ordi- 
nance  was,  this  day,  drawn  up  by  the  Council  of  War  for  the 
Soldiers  at  the  Redoubt  and  posted  there.    It  reads'  as  follows  : 

<<  Ordinance  tnade  by  the  Capt.  lAwtenant  and  Valiant 
Council  of  War  commanding  the  military  troops  at 
Wildwyckf  and  dependanciesj  for  the  military  sta- 
tioned at  present  at  the  Redoubt, 

"  Whereas  by  daily  experience  we  learn  that  some  remove 
from  the  Redoubt  to  the  village  of  Wildwyck  without  the  consent 
or  order  of  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  or  other  officers,  the  Capt. 
Lieutenant  and  Valiant  Council  of  War,  therefore,  wishing  to 
prevent  all  irregularities  and  infractions  of  military  discipline 
herein  order  and  direct  the  officer  and  the  military  under  hia 
command  stationed  at  the  Redoubt,  not  to  remove  himself,  from 
the  Redoubt,  much  less  to  send  any  of  his  command  hither  to 


I         ^:  : 


f     ' 


,1    =. 


[   . 

t    ■ 

* 

il    ■     - 

V^ 

,.ill!' 

m 


JOURNAL  OF  rUS, 

the  Village  of  Wildwyck  without  proper  consent  of  the  Capt 
Lieutenant  or  other  Commaader  who  represents  him  for  the 
time,  nor  without  being  accompanied  by  a  proper  escort  on  paiq 
of  being  arbitrarily  punished  by  Court  Martial.  Thus  done  by 
the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Valiant  Council  of  war  in  the  fortress 
Wildwyck  the  17th  Sb*',  1663." 

ISth  ditto.  Received  an  answer  from  the  Cowt  of  this  village 
to  the  Order  sent  to  them  the  15th  October,  respecting  the  noa 
repair  of  the  fortress  Wildvoyck.    It  reads  as  follows  : 

"The  W.  Court  having  read  the  order  dated  Ihe  15*8bef, 
sent  hither  by  the  Cap*  Lieutenant  to  the  W:  Court,  which  is 
therein  requested  to  repair  and  renew  the  palisades  of  tliis  Vil- 
lage of  Wildwyck^  so  that  the  same  may  be  in  a  state  of  defence, 
the  W.  Court  finds  that  necessity  requires  that  this  village  be 
properly  secui-ed  and  protected  by  setting  up  of  good  palisades ; 
the  W.  Court,  therefore,  orders  and  directs  that  each  farmer 
shall  duely  set  up  and  repair  the  old,  with  new,  palisades  in 
front  of  his  lot ;  and  the  others,  being  inhabitants  or  Burghers 
occupying  34  lots  in  this  village,  shall  be  obliged  properly  to 
repair  and  set  up  new  palisades  in  place  of  the  old,  from  the 
Water  gate  along  the  curtains  unto  the  lot  of  Arent  Pietersen 
Tack,  the  new  palisades  being  at  least  two  feet  in  circumference, 
but  the  thicker  the  better,  and  13  feet  in  length,  recording  to 
tlie  circumstances  of  the  case  to  be  determined  by  the  W.  Court. 
This  renewal  and  setting  up  shall  commence  next  Monday, 
being  the  22^  October.  Wherefore  every  inhabitant  is  hereby 
notified  to  appear  at  7  o'clock  on  the  day  aforesaid,  at  the  gate 
near  Hendrick  Jochemsen's,  there,  as  his.  name  is  called,  to  pro- 
ceed to  work  aforesaid,  and  to  continue  at  it  until  the  same  shall 
be  completed,  on  pain,  in  case  of  neglect  or  unwillingness,  of 
paying  for  the  first  offence  three  guilders  ;  for  the  second  oftente 
double  as  much,  and  so  on  adding  three  guilders.  Thus  done 
at  the  Court  of  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  of  this  village 
Wildwyck^  this  16t»»  October,  1663,  (Under  written)  By  order  of 
the  Shieriflf  and  Commissaries  aforesaid.  (Signed)  Mattheus 
Gapito,  Secretary. 

Two  detachments  were  out  in  the  field  to-day  with  the 


i!     i 


<•  >1 


SECOND  E80PU8  WAR. 


87 


plpughmen,  and  one  at  the  Redoubt  by  the  river  side.  Nothing 
else  was  done  to-day. 

1 9^  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  out  again  with  the  plough- 
men, and  one  to  the  river  side ;  a  party  was,  also,  in  ambush  to 
make  some  discovery ;  but  did  not  see  any  thing. 

20^*^  ditto.  Three  detachments  were  out  in  the  field  again 
with  the  ploughjoaen,  and  one  in  ambush,  but  did  not  remark 
any  thing.  An  escort  was  also  down  to  the  river  side  at  the 
Redoubt. 

21"*  ditto,    Sunday;  nothing  occurred. 

22'*  ditto.  Three  detachments  were  again  out  with  the 
ploughmen,  and  one  in  ambush  as  scouting.  An  escort  was 
likewise  sent  down  to  the  river  side  j  they  did  not  see  any  thing. 

23<i  ditto.  Three  detachments  were  again  out  with  the 
ploughmen,  but  saw  nothing. 

24'h  ditto.  Two  parties  were  again  out  in  the  field  with  the 
ploughmen,  and  I  was  until  evening  with  a  party  in  ambush, 
but  did  not  perceive  any  thing.  .„ 

25*''  ditto.  Two  escorts  were  again  in  the  field  with  the 
ploughmen,  and  one  to  the  river  side.    Nothing  happened. 

26  »h  ditto.  An  escort  was  in  the  woods  with  those  cutting 
palisades,  and  another  party  was  in  ambush,  but  saw  nothing. 

27">  ditto.  An  escort  was  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen, 
and  one  in  ambush,  and  another  to  the  river  side.  Nothing  else 
was  done.  '  ,    .  ,        ,  ^ 

28*i>  ditto.  '  Sunday.    Nothing  occurred. 

29t'»  ditto.  Two  parties  were  out ;  one  with  the  wood  cutters, 
the  other  in  ambush— but  saw  nothing.    ,^  ,,^  .^^  j^,„^  ^..V^ - 

30*  ditto.  A  detachment  was  in  the  woods  with  those  cut- 
ting palisades,  and  a  party  to  the  river  side,  and  also  a  troop  in 
the  woods  scouting  j  did  not  see  any  thing. 

31  •»  ditto.  Gerrit  Abel  was  tried  before  the  Valiant  Court 
Martial  for  his  offence  committed  on  the  29t»  October  and  is 
sentenced  by  the  Court  as  follows  : — 

"  Whereas  Gerret  Abel  being  in  command  at  the  Redoubt, 
hath  in  contravention  to  the  ordinance  dated  17*^  S^**  enacted 
by  the  Valiant  Council  of  War  and  posted  at  the  Redoubt,  pro- 
ceeded to  the  village  of  Wildwyck  on  last  Monday  the  29»''  Octo- 


m 


jbvkHAi  ot  ftit 


httj  ttithout  leatt),  escort  ot  &hy  ndcessary  business,  but  merely 
to  get  drunk,  as  actually  happened,  which  being  notified  to  the 
dipt  Li^uienaht,  he  caused  him  to  be  placed  under  arrest,  and 
to  be  tried  this  day,  31  •»  October,  before  the  Valiant  Court  Mar- 
tial and  prosecuted  for  this  lils  (k)niinitted  offence,  for  which 
the  Capt  Lieutenant  demands  the  Valiant  Council  of  War  duly 
to  punish  the  accused  Gerfet  Abel. 

•  "  The  accused  gave  as  an  excuse  for  his  coming  here  to  Wild- 
toyck  that  he  wanted  to  get  a  skepel  of  wheat  ground,  and  as  it 
could  not  be  immediately  ground  for  him,  he  was  to  a  friend's 
With  whom  he  drank  half  a  pint.  And  the  accused  having 
heard  the  charge  aforesaid,  acknowledges  to  have  transgressed 
the  ordinance  above  mentioned,  and  supplicates  herein,  not  jus- 
tice, but  mercy. 

"  The  Valiant  Cduncil  of  War  having  maturely  considered 
this  matter ;  that  a  soldier  and  more  especially  one  who  is  in 
command  over  others  hath  deserved  punishment  for  his  com- 
mitted offence  according  to  the  complaint  and  confession ;  seeing 
that  the  prisoner's  excuse  hath  no  foundation,  sentence  the 
accused  OerTet  Abel,  to  be  dismissed  from  his  post  of  Cadet 
{Melborst)  and  to  be  reduced  to  the  ranks  {Schildergastendimst 
te  doen)  at  8fl.  per  month,  and  to  remain  at  the  Redoubt  until 
further  orders,  he  Gerret  Abel  being  unfit  to  perform  the  duty 
of  Cadet.  Done  at  Wildwyck  tlie  Zl*  October  1663.  (Subscribed) 
Marten  Cregier,  Christiaen  Niessen,  Thomas  Chai^ibers,  Evert 
WilLem  Munnick,  Jan  Peersen,  Jonas  Rantson." 

Same  day,  a  detachment  was  out  in  the  woods  with  the  wood 
cutters  and  one  iil  ambush  scouting,  but  they  did  not  see  any 
thing. 

Notember  the  1«*.  A  party  was  in  ambush,  and  a  detach- 
ment with  the  wood  cUtters ;  saw  nothing. 

2»*  ditto.  A  detachment  was  out  with  the  wood  cutters  and 
another  in  ambush  to  scout. 

3^  ditto.  A  detachment  ^as  down  at  the  river  side  to  carry 
rations  to  the  people  at  the  Redoubt,  and  another  party  was  at 
the  Great  Plot,  but  did  not  notice  any  thing. 

4**»  ditto.    Sunday.    Nothittg  done 

6*  ditto.    An  escort  was  down  to  the  river  side  to  bring  up 


.'* 


SIGOND  E8O1>0S  WAR. 


89 


lome  fltipplies  fmd  people  that  had  arrived  from  the  Manhatans 
in  Lucassen's  yacht,  they  being  freemen  belonging  to  Wildvoyck. 
A  party  was  also  out  in  the  bosh  with  the  wood  cutters.  No- 
thing else  happened. 

6^  ditto.  Ordered  two  soldiers  to  accompany  Arent  Moes- 
man  to  Beeren  island  near  ^rt  Orange.'  An  escort  was  also  to 
the  river  side  and  being  near  the  Redoubt  lay  there  in  ambush 
until  the  evening,  but  saw  nothing.  Another  party  95  in  num- 
oer  was  at  the  Great  Plot ;  they  returned  in  the  evening,  without 
having  remarked  any  thing. 

?*•»  ditto ;  Wednesday.  This  being  a  day  of  Prayer  (Bededag) 
nothing  was  done.  In  the  evening  Pieter  Wolfertsen  arrived  at 
the  Redoubt  witli  Rut  Jacobsen's  yacht  j  brought  with  him  two 
Christian  cliildren  wliich  he  had  in  exchange  from  the  Esopus 
Indians  iw  a  Squaw  with  a  big  girl ;  brought  back  the  other 
Indian  i  '^^^'•s;  brought  also  the  Wai^inger  Sachem  whom 
Conweii'i  V.  '  ad  detained  in  the  yacht ;  says  a  Christian  woman 
Is  kept  a  prisoner  by  the  Wappingers,  and  that  he  had  detained 
the  Chief  in  her  stead  until  they  shouH  surrender  the  Christian 
woman.  Nothing  else  occurred.  Sent  an  escort  to  the  river 
side  to  bring  up  the  two  captive  children.  Couwenhoven  said 
that  he  has  concluded  a  ten  days'  truce  with  the  Esopus  Sachem. 

S^h  ditto.  Have  been,  myself,  with  an  escort  to  the  river  side 
to  bring  up  to  Wildwyvk  the  Esopus  Indian  prisoners  &  the 
children  with  the  Wappinger  Indian  captive,  being  in  all  9  in 
number.  On  arriving  at  the  shore,  found  the  Wappinger  Chief 
and  also  one  of  his  Indians  on  board  Rut  Jacobsen's  Tacht. 
Asked  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven,  what  were  these  two  Indians 
fort  Said'  it  was  the  Sachem  of  the  Wappingers  with  one  of  his 
Indians  whom  he  had  brought  along  but  not  as  a  prisoner — ^had 
come  willingly  on  board  as  a  friend.  Asked  hkn.  If  he  would 
wish  to  return  home  and  endeavor  to  let  us  have  the  female 
christian  captive?  To  which  he  answered,  yes  j  says,  he  will 
bring  her  himself  in  six  or  seven  days.  Whereupon  the  Council 
of  War  decided  that  he  and  the  Indian  with  him,  should  bo 
released,  and  'as  they  were  at  present  our  friends  and  had  re- 
newed peace  we  promised  him  if  he  brought  back  the  Christian 

1  This  island  is  opposite  Coeymans.    Ed. 


B 


'  1  •  *• 


f:%^ 


■  '..'' 


« 


4  .     IJ 


^A   * 

4  ' 

"i         '<■ 

t^     -»    «' 

t;     4  , 

*■, 

■', 


li 


*     ■#;■ 


f- 


M  ■ 


•  » 


90 


JOUBNAL  OF  THB 


V  ■■?t» 


I*  f'- 


woman  we  should  then  let  his  brother  go  together  with  another 
prisoner.  Whereunto  he  said,  'Tis  well;  gave  him  a  bark 
canoe  &  let  him  go.  Nothing  else  happened  to-day  as  it  rained 
unceasingly. 

9^  ditto.  It  still  rained  considerably.  Sent  an  escort  to  the 
river  side ;  Rut  Jacobsen  sailed  with  his  Yacht  for  fort  Orange. 
Nothing  else  happened. 

10ti> ditto.  A  detachment  was  out  with  the  wood  cutters; 
nothing  else  occurred. 

11 1"  ditto.  Sunday,  nothing  was  done  except  sending  a  party 
to  the  river  side  with  bread  for  the  people  in  the  Redoubt. 

I2('>  ditto.  A  detachment  was  out  m  the  bush  with  the 
woodcutters.    Notliing  else  transpired. 

13'"  ditto.  The  Company's  Yacht  arrived  ;  brings  some  pro- 
visions for  the  garrison ;  also  arrived  al;  the  Redoubt  a  Wappin- 
ger  Sachem  with  eight  Indians,  bringing  a  female .  Christian 
Captive  whom  he  had  purchased  from  the  Esopus  Indians  and 
wliich  he  had  promised  us  on  the  8^  inst.  on  board  Rut  Jacob- 
son's  Yacht.  The  Council  of  War  revived  that  he  and  his 
attending  Indians  should  be  brought  up  to  WUdvoyck;  they  were 
accordingly  conducted  up  by  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and 
Captain  Thomas  Chambers  -and  brought  to  Wildwyck.  Sent  for 
him  to  the  Council  of  War  and  asked,  what  he  had  to  commu- 
nicate? He  answered,  I  am  come  to  perform  my  promise  which 
I  gave  on  board  the  Yacht  at  the  Redoubt,  to  bring  in  the 
Clu-istian  Woman  whom  I  bought  from  the  Esopus  Squaw,  and 
I  bring  and  present  her  to  you  now,  because  we  are  both  friends. 
Whereupon  we  thanked  him  and  said,  that  we  should  speak  to- 
gether on  the  morrow.  Lodged  them  in  Capt.  Chambers  house 
and  had  food  furnished  them.  Meanwhile  a  detachment  went 
down  to  the  river  side.    Otherwise  nothing  occurred  to-day. 

14*''  ditto.  The  Council  of  War  met  again  and  resolved  to 
release  the  Wappinger  Indian,  and  to  give  him  back  to  the  Chief 
with  one.  of  the  Esopus  captive  Squaws,  piusuant  to  our  pre- 
vious promise,  made  on  the  eight  of  November  to  the  Wappinger 
Chief,  on  board  the  Yacht  at  the  Redoubt.  Invited  the  Chief 
and  his  Indians  into  the  Council  chamber  and  presented  him 
the  Esopus  Squaw  and  a  little  sucking  infant,  which  they  took : 


SECOND  £SOi>US  WAR. 


91 


presentctd  him  also  with  two  .pieces  of  cloth  in  token  of  friend- 
ihip.  The  Cliief  then  requested  that  we  should  live  with  him 
in  friendship,  which  should  be  preserved  by  him.  He  gave  us, 
in  token  thereof,  a  Bow  and  arrow  and  said,  I  will  not  make,  war 
against  the  Dutch,  but  live  in  peace  with  them.  We  promised 
him  likewise ;  gave  each  other  the  hand,  and  the  said  chief  pro- 
mised us  to  do  his  best  to  obtain  back  for  us  all  the  prisoners 
from  the  Esopus  Indians  that  a  mutual  exchange  should  be  made; 
for  to  morrow  being  Thursday,  the  Esopus  Sachem  would  then 
come  with  the  prisoners  according  to  the  promise  he  gave  Lieu- 
tenant Gouwenhoven  and  the  provisional  truce  agreed  upon  for 
ten  days  with  him,  for  he  had  promised  to  fetch  the  Christian 
prisoners  to  the  Redoubt  in  the  space  of  ten  days,  to  be  thep 
exchanged  one  for  the  other.  Now,  what  the  result  will  be, 
when  the  ten  days  are  expired,  time  will  tell.  So  they  again 
departed  well  satisfied.  Gave  them  an  escort  to  conduct  them 
to  the  river  side,  and  the  Council  resolved  that  the  sloop  shall 
remain  until  the  expiration  of  the  time  agreed  upon  between 
Lieutenant  Couwenlioven  and  the  Esopus  Sachem  on  the  6**» 
November,  pn  board  the  Sloop  in  the  Wappinger  Creek,  to  wit : 
that  the  Esopus  Chief  should  bring  up  all  the  Christian  prisoners 
to  the  Redoubt  to  exchange  them  then,  one  for  another,  where- 
upon a  ten  days',  truce  was  mutually  agreed  to.  A  soldier  named 
Jiuien  Helm  died  to  day.  An  escort  was  also  down  to  the  river 
side.    Notliing  else  occurred  to  day. 

15*^  ditto.  A  vessel  arrived  from  fort  Orange  with  cattle ; 
sent  a  convoy  to  the  river  side.    Nothing  else  happened. 

16<^  ditto.    Another  detachment  was  down  to  the  river.    A 
yacht  bound  for  the  Manhatans  arrived  from  fort  Orange  to  day 
Nothing  else  occurred. 

n^  ditto.  Arranged  every  thing  in  order  and  departed  with 
some  of  the  Military  for  the  Manhatans  leaving  in  Wildtoyck 
about  sixty  soldiers  under  the  command  of  Ensign  Christiaen 
Niessen.  • 

18^  Sunday.  After  Capt  Lieutenant  Martin  Cregiers  de- 
parture yesterday,  Jan  Hendricksen  Van  Baal  came  the  fourth 
person  up  to  Wildwyck.    He  arrived  from  the  Manhatans  in  M'. 

*  That  part  of  the  Journal  between  Asterisks  is  by  Ensign  Niessen.    Eo.    S 


-  It  I.      «    .        Y        .1'* 


92 


JOCHNAL  or  THS 


I''  'LiM' 


I^^^B  r 

Im 

B 'ir  jmI 

Abraham's*  yacht  and  reported  that  two  Dutchmen  were  killed 
by  the  Savages  between  Gemomtpa*  and  the  Maize  land.  Had 
them  escorted,  on  thieir  retnm,  to  the  river  side.  Nothing  else 
occurred. 

19*1^  ditto.  Sent  another  party  to  the  Redoubt  and  had 
provisions  brought  up.  Discharged  one  man  at  the  Redoubt  and 
sent  two  others  thither ;  also,  distributed  powder  to  the  men, 
half  a  pound  to  each.    Nothing  else  done. 

20^  ditto.  Sent  a  detachment  to  the  woods  to  draw  out 
timber.    This  was  all  that  occurred. 

21  •«  ditto.    Nothing  happened. 

22*  ditto.  Sent  a  detachment  to  the  river  side.  Otherwise 
Nothing  occurred. 

23«»  ditto.  The  only  thing  done  to  day  was  to  send  another 
party  to  the  river  side  with  grain. 

24*'»  ditto.  The  yachts  of  Rey  ndert  Pietersen  and  the  Spaniard 
arrived  at  the  'Redoubt ;  sent  an  escort  thither.  No  other 
occurrence  took  place. 

26^  ditto.    Sunday.    Nothing  happened. 

26*i»  ditto.  Sent  down  an  escort  to  the  river  side  to  fetch  up 
the  Hon^ie  Company's  supplies.  No  other  circumstance,  oc- 
curred. 

27*  ditto.  Sent  another  convoy  to  the  river  side  to  take  down 
grain.    Otherwise  nothing  happened. 

28">  ditto.  About  one  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  a  Wappinger 
Indian  came  to  Wildwyck  with  a  flag  of  truce ;  reports  that  a 
Wappinger  Sachem  lay  at  the  river  side  near  the  Redoubt  with 
venison  and  wished  to  have  a  wagon  to  convey  the  venison  up 
,  for  sale,  which  was  refused.  The  said  Indian  told  me  that  the 
iSachem  had  not  much  to  say ;  added  further,  that  the  Hacking- 
sack  Indians  had  represented  that  four  of  the  Esopus  Indians, 
prisoners  in  our  hands,  had  died.  Whereupon  the  Indian 
prisoners  were  brought  out  to  the  gate  to  him,  to  prove  to 
him  that  they  were  still  living  and  well.  Sent  him  down 
inmediately  to  his  Sachem  at  the  river  side,  to  say  to  him  that 
we  should  come  to  him  to  morrow. 


1  Abraham  Staats. 

2  Now  Comnronepaw  N.  J. 


SECOND  E80PUS  WAR 


93 


29^>>  di  tto.  At  day  break  had  notice  given  that  those  who  were 
desirous  of  purchasing  venison  from  the  Indians  should  go  along 
with  tlie  escort  to  the  river  side.  Accompanied  the  detachment 
to  tl)e  shore  and  conversed  with  the  Sachem  in  the  presence  of 
Capt  Thomas  Chambers  and  Sergeant  Jan  Peersen.  He  said,  he 
had  been  to  receive  the  Christian  prisoners  and  should  have  had 
them  with  us  before,  had  he  not  unfortunately  burnt  himself  in 
his  sleep  wlicn  lying  before  the  fire ;  shewed  us  his  buttock  with 
the  mark  of  the  burn  which  was  very  large ;  Also  said,  that  six 
Clu'istian  Captives  were  together  at  the  river  side,  and  gave  ten 
futliom  of  Sewau  to  another  Indian  to  look  up  the  seventh 
Christian  who  is  Albert  Heyman's  oldest  daughter,  promising  us 
positively  that  lie  should  restore  all  the  Christian  prisoners  to  us 
in  the  course  of  three  days,  provided  it  did  not  blow  too  hard 
.  from  the  North  ;  otherwise,  he  could  not  come  before  the  fourth 
day.  We,  then,  parted  after  he  hud,  meanwhile,  sold  his  venison. 
He  left  immediately  in  his  canoe. 

30*  Sent  an  escort  to  the  river  side  with  grain.  Nothing 
else  occurred. 

!»'  December.  The  only  circumstance  that  happened  to  day 
was  the  s'euding  away  the  three  Indians  with  a  letter  to  the 
Honbie  Heer  Director  General  and  Council  of  New  Netherland, 
to  whom  the  following  was  written  in  haste. 

"Noble,  Respected,  Right  honourable,  Wise,  Prudent  and 
most  discreet  I^ords- 

"  To  be  brief,  we  could  not  omit  advising  Your  Honours  that 
three  Indians  arrived  here  yesterday,  being  come,  as  they  said, 
from  the  Manhatans,  with  an  open  letter,  being  a  pass  not  to 
commit  any  hostility  against  their  people  to  this  date.  But  we 
cannot  determine  what  sinister  design  these  Indians  may  have 
recourse  to  under  cover  of  this  pass.  We  maintain  that  such 
and  other  Indians  resort  here  with  such  passes,  to  spy  out  this 
our  place.  Meanwhile,  we  being  on  our  guard,  placed  sentinels 
every  where  before  them,  to  prevent  them  passing  through  the 
village  to  examine  and  pry  into  it,  as  they  are  strongly  inclined 
to  do.  In  the  meantime  we  inform  your  Honours  that  on  the 
day  before  yesterday  the  Wappinger  Sachem  came  with  venison 
to  the  Redoubt,  and  we  have  had  a  talk  with  him,  and  he  prom- 


'  .til 


'  !    ''« 


'•■       .  :,. 


Vi 


iOURNAL  OF  THE 


ised  US,  among  other  things,  to  bring  qs  hither  all  the  Christian 
prisoners,  within  three  or  four  days,  according  to  the  entries  in 
our  daily  journal  which  Your  Honors  shall  receive  from  us  by 
the  first  Tacht.  Done,  WUdvoyck  this  first  December  1663. 
(Was  subscribed)  Christiaen  Niessen,  Thomas  Chambers." 

2<i  ditto.  Sunday.  Nothing  happened,  except  tliat  on  account 
of  the  hard  frost,  I  requested  the  skippers  of  the  vessels  to  go 
down,  to  the  Redoubt  to  examine  their  Yachts  which  they  con- 
sented to  do.  In  the  afternoon,  after  the  Sermon,  sent  a  party 
to  the  shore  to  take  down  grain  and  to  put  it  on  board. 

S"*  ditto.  The  military  Council  having  met,  the  following 
resolution  was  adopted  : —  * 

"  Ensign  Christiaen  Niessen  proposes  to  send  down,  pursuant 
to  despatches  from  the  Hon**'®  Director  General  and  Council, 
the  saddles,  pistols,  holsters  &  carbines,  the  best  whereof  was 
left  by  Capt.  Lieutenant  Martin  Cregier  and  remains  with  the 
Clerk,  Mattheus  Capito,  as  appears  also  by  letters  from  the 
Capt.  Lieutenant  aforesaid  together  with  the  three  metal  guns 
and  their  accoatremeuts  as  they  were  used  in  the  field,  and 
also  one  sail. 

"The  lyiiUtai'y  Council  decided  that  it  was  impossible,  in 
view  of  the  approaching  winter,  to  send  the  articles  down  at 
present  as  here  at  WildwycP-  ve  have  no  smith  sufficiently  ex- 
pert to  repair  the  arms,  and  as  the  Wappiugers  come  almost 
daily  under  pretence  of  exchanging  Christians,  to  spy  out  this 
place  which  alreadyhath  suffiered  massacre  enough,  and  conse- 
quently, if  the  articles  in  readiness  were  sent  away  (which 
would  be  publicly  seen  by  other  tribes  of  Indians)  two  massacres 
(which  God  forbid!)  may  occur  through  want  of  all  adequate 
means,  save  God's  Providence. 

u  2»(iir.  The  Ensign  aforesaid  moves,  inasmuch  as  the  setting 
out  of  the  palisades  is  found  as  yet  to  be  for  the  greater  part 
inadequate  and  not  in  accordance  with  thb  Capt.  Lieutenant's 
request,  and  as  in  many  places  palisades  have  been  removed 
from  the  curtains  and  not  replaced  by  others,  much  less  atten- 
tion paid  to  setting  out  the  same,  to  the  imminent  ruin  and  de- 
struction of  this  Village  of  WUdwyck,  which  God  forfend  ;  and 
demands  further  that  the  inhabitants  of  WUdwyck  may  be  noti- 


8EX!0ND  E80PUS   WAR. 


95 


fied  by  the  W.  Court  to  put  the  fort  in  a  suitable  state  of  defence 
within  the  space  of  three  days,  and  in  de&ult  or  neglect  thereof, 
that  he  do  it  with  the  best  means  he  may  at  present  find  at  hand, 
and  demand  repayment  therefor  when  done  from  the  W.  Court 
at  Wildwyck. 

"  The  Military  Council  unanimously  resolved  that  for  the  due 
execution  of  said  proposal,  it  be  forthwith  communicated  to  the 
W.  Court  in  Wildwyck,  and  that  they  answer  the  same  without 
delay.  (Signed)  Thomas  Chambers,  Hendrick  Jochems,  Jam 
Perhsrn,  Evkrt  Pels,  Jonas  Lantsou,  Walran  du  'Mono,  Anto- 
nie  dklava." 

Also,  sent  a  convoy  down  in  the  morning  with  grain  to  the 
river  side,  which  on  returning  brought  up  the  Wappinger 
Sachem  and  his  wife,  and  Splitnose,*the  Indian  last  taken  h^  us. 
Which  Sachem  brought  with  him  two  captive  Christian  children, 
stating  to  us  that  lie  could  not,  pursuant  to  his  previous  promise 
of  tlie  29'h  November,  bring  along  with  him  the  remainder^ 
being  still  five  Christian  captives,  because  three  were  at  their 
hunting  grounds,  and  he  could  not  find  them,  but  that  another 
Indian  was  out  looking  for  them  ;  llie  two  others  are  in  his 
vicinity,  the  Squaw  who  keeps  them  prisoner  will  not  let  them 
go,  because  she  is  very  sick  and  hath  no  children,  and  expects 
soon  to  die ;  and  when  he  can  get  Albert  Heymans'  oldest 
daughter,  who  is  also  at  the  hunting  ground,  and  whom  he  hath 
already  purchased  and  paid  for ;  then  he  shall  bring  the  remain- 
der of  the  Christian  captives  along.  For  the  two  Christian  chil- 
dren wliich  he  hath  brought  with  him,  an  Indian  child  is  given 
him,  being  a  little  girl,  and  three  pieces  of  cloth,  with  which  he 
was  content.  In  the  afternoon,  Jeronimus  Ebbing,  Nioolaes 
Meyer  and  Frederick  the  Hon"*'*  Company's  late  carpenter, 
went  down  unescorted  to  the  Redoubt,  with  six  wagon  loads  of 
grain,  not  being  willing  to  wait  for  the  wi'itings  and  letters 
which  should  be  sent  by  them  to  the  Heeren  Director  General 
and  Council  of  N.  Netherland  ;  and  the  Skipper  Lucas  Andries- 
sen,  also,  said  that  he  would  not  wait  for  the  Director  General's 
nor  any  man's  letters  but  be  off,  as  the  wind  was  fair.*  i 


Capt.  Cregier  now  resumes  and  concludes  the  Journal. — ^Ed. 


■  -m 


1  »  *       **  . 


<    « < 


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'T  > 


«t      « 


*  ■    ,    ;  .  '  *i 


06 


JOVRMAli  OF  tut 


194  ditto.  About  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  we  started 
from  the  Manhatans  for  the  Esopus  in  the  Honi>>*  Company's 
Tacht,  with  a  W.  S  west  wind  {  arrived  that  night  at  Tafppan]- 
hook/  where  we  cast  anchor  as  it  was  calm  and  the  ebb  was 
running  against  us. 

20^  ditto.  Weighed  anchor  about  eight  o'clock  and  drifted 
upward  with  the  flood,  but  about  10  o'clock  the  wind  came  up 
from  the  North — so  that  we  could  make  sail  and  weathered  the 
Highland  to  day,  where  we  came  to  anchor  anew,  as  the  flood 
was  again  gone;  saw  an  Indian  paddle  across  the  river  in  a 
canoe,  but  lie  was  a  full  halt'  mile  from  us.  Nothing  else  oc- 
curred to  day.  • 

21*^  ditto.  Tiie  flood  set  in  about  two  liours  before  day  ;  ran 
through  the  Highlands ;  having  got  tlu-ough  which,  we  cauglit 
a  soutliern  breeze  but  at  day  break  it  became  calm  again ;  so 
ran  by  the  Kamer  and  ai-rived  this  night  about  10  o'clock  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Esopus  Kill.  Despatched  a  man  up  v.ithanote 
to  Ensign  Nyssen  to  send  down  some  wagons  in  the  morning 
with  an  escort  to  convey  up  the  Hon'^'e  Company's  supplies 
which  were  sent  for  the  garrison. 

22<i.  About  9  o'clock  the  escort  arrived  at  the  beach  with 
the  wagons ;  entered  the  kill  with  the  yacht  in  order  to  discharge 
tlie  goods  ;  i«mained  this  night  in  the  kill  in  front  of  the  Re.- 
doubt ;  it  froze  during  tlie  night  so  hard  that  the  yacht  was 
hemmed  in  by  the  ice  ;  arrived  at  Wildwyck  about  noon ;  sent  a 
eonvoy  to  haul  stone. 

23<i  ditto.    Sunday.    No  business. 

24^>>  ditto.  Monday.  A^embled  the  Sheriff  and  Commissa- 
ries of  the  Village  Wildwyck  and  handed  them  the  letter  sent  to 
them  by  the  Hon****  Director  General  and  Council  and  discharged 
Sheriff  Swartwout  from  his  office  and  put  [Mattheus  Capito] 
provisionally  in  his  place  and  presented  liim  to  the  Couit  of 
Wildwyck  according  to  order,  whom  the  said  Commissaries  con- 
gratulated and  were  well  pleased  witlj ;  they  promised  honestly 
to  obey  what  the  Heer  Director  General  and  Council  have  been 
pleased  to  order.  A  party  was  sent  to  tlie  Great  Plot  to  cut 
Qats  which  happened  to  be  late  in  ripening,  as  an  opportunity 

1  Qu. — What  is  now  Teller's  point. 


SECOND  E80PUS   WAK 


DOW  presented  to  cut  it  and  draw  it  home.  The  farmers  thrashed 
some  ol'  it  also,  and  the  vijm  [a  hundred  and  lour  sheafsj  pro- 
duced five  skepels  of  clean  oats. 

25t>>  ditto.  Tuesday.  Nothing  happened  except  that  Reyn^e 
Pieters  came  from  the  river  side  •  he  inibrms  us  the  kill  at  the 
Kedoubt  was  still  fast. 

2(>u>  ditto.    No  occurrence. 

27^'*  ditto.  A  party  was  out  on  the  Great  Plot  hauling  stone ; 
nothing  else  occurred. 

23^^  ditto.  Tlie  Captain  and  Lieutenant  of  the  Burghery  of 
Wiltwyck  requested  to  have  a  drum  according  to  the  promise 
giveu  them  by  the  Heer  General.  By  permission  of  the  Military 
Council  a  Drum  and  appurtenances  were  given  to  the  officers  of 
the  burgheiy  of  WUdwyck.  A  party  was  down  to  the  river  side 
to  see  if  circumstances  would  admit  of  the  ^loop  leaving  the  kill. 
The  party  returned  and  stated  that  there  was  no  way  as  yet  to 
go  out  of  the  kill. 

28th.  The  officers  of  the  Burghery  presented  a  petition ;  it 
'reads  as  follows  : — We  the  undersigned,  Tomas  Chambrets  Cap- 
tain and  Heudrick  Jochems,  Lieutenant  of  the  Burghery  in  WUd- 
wyck^ hereby  request  the  Hon^ie  Valiant  Heer  Marten  Kregier, 
Cap^  Lieutenant  to  be  pleased  to  furnish  a  keg  of  gunpowder 
with  lead  in  proportion  on  the  village  account,  to  be  distributed 
and  used  in  time  of  need  for  the  safety  of  this  place,  and  we 
await  your  Hon"  favorable  answer.  Done  WUtwyck  this  28*^ 
Xber  1663.  (Signed)  Tqmas  Chambres,  Hendrick  Jochems.  The 
answer  thereto  is  as  follows — Petitioners'  request  is  granted. 
Whenever  tliey  require  it  at  the  public  expense  or  for  their  own 
defence,  it  shall  be  furnished  them  from  the  Hon''"  Company's 
Magazine  by  the  officer  who  will  be  here.  Done,  WUtwyck  this 
28th  December,  1C63. 

29th  ditto.    The  Military  Council  resolved  to  issue  an  Ordi 
nance  against  the  gunners  who  usually  run  about  firing  on  New 
Year's  day  or  night,  which  was  also  pubUshed  and  affixed.    It 
reads  as  follows  : — 

"  Whereas  we  find  by  Experience  that  some  persons  presuime 
from  year  to  year  to  discharge  guns  on  the  day  of  the  new  incom- 
ing year  thus  wasting  powder  unprofitably  both  in  the  morning 

Vol.  IV.  7  . 


» ,  -  ■« 


m  *•     :i'  .» 


98 


JOURNAL  OF  THE  lECOMD  K80PUS   WAR. 


and  throughout  the  day  anrl  sometimes  to  tlie  great  danger  of 
each  other  and  to  their  own  destruction,  botli  in  wounding  or 
destroying  their  own  persons  which  frequently  occurs  therefrom; 
and  whereas  there  are  here  many  riolcs  and  barns  full  r)t'  grain 
and  straw,  and  as  great  disorder  and  rashness  prevail  in  many 
places  especially  on  this  day,  both  in  the  morning  and  through- 
out the  day,  by  firing  of  guns  which  is  practised  and  prevails 
more  particularly  in  tliis  place  on  the  above  mentioned  New 
Tear's  day;  Therefore  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  valiant 
Council  of  War  order  and  forbid  all  persons  whom  it  may  con- 
cern that  no  one  shall  presume  on  New  Year's  day,  being  the 
first  of  January  to  discharge  any  gun  or  other  fire  arms  in  front 
of  any  houses  or  any  other  places  where  it  is  not  absolutely  ne- 
cessary, unless  fur  some  approaching  enemies,  and  that  under 
the  penalty  of  six  guilders  for  each  shot  fired  by  the  person. 
Both  the  Sheri£f  and  military  officers  are  ordered  to  pay  strict 
attention  hereunto  so  that  this  our  order  may  be  duly  obeyed. 
Thus  done  and  enacted  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  Valiant 
Council  of  War  in  Fort  Wiltwyck  this  29t»'  Xber  1963." 

Have  been  down  with  a  party  to  the  river  side  to  bring  away 
the  guns  and  other  munitions  of  war.    Nothing  else  occurred. 

30t>>.  Sunday.  Nothing  done  as  it  rained  almost  the  entire 
day  and  the  kill  became  again  open. 

31«t.  Left  the  Esopus  again  in  the  Hon»»i«  Companys  Yacht 
for  the  Manhatans,  the  wind  Southerly.  Weathered  tlie  Long 
Reach  where  we  came  to  anchor  in  the  night  about  twelve  o'clock. 

1664.  1st  January.  The  wind  continuing  southerly,  tacked 
to-day  as  far  as  the  entrance  of  the  Highlands  where  we  anchored 
about  9  o'clock  in  the  evening ;  the  flood  being  spent  weighed 
anchor  and  passed  through  the  Highlands  where  we  again  cast 
anchor. 

2d.  Weighed  anchor  again,  and  drifted  with  the  ebb  as  far 
down  as  Tappaen. 

3<i.  Having  weighed  anchor  again,  drifted  down  anew  with 
the  ebb  to  the  end  of  Manhatans  island,  where  we  made  sail 
about  8  o'clock  in  the  morning,  the  wind  being  westerly,  and 
arrived  about  twelve  o'clock  at  the  Manhatans. 

Martin  I^i^i^gier. 


V. 


EXTRACTS 

f  ROM  A  WORK  CALLED 

BREEDEN    RAEDT 

AEN  DE  VEREENIGHDE 
NEDERLANDSCHE    PROVINTIEN. 

FRINTED   IN   ANTWERP   IN   1649. 

Translated  from  the  Dutch  Original 
*  BY  MR.  0. 


f' 


'   .'  .  i''  • .  *.   W 


"1.  ' 

■■1 


^'  ;■. 


,.:^: 


V 


.'f 


■^'  T-Ti 


t  ■ 


AMSTERDAM  1850. 

FR.  MULLER. 


^  -J' 


him 


V'M 


^        7  • 


■-,*:: 


:i'H; 


In  the  year  1649,  delegates  were  sent  firom  New  Netherland  to  Holland 
to  obtain  redress  of  various  grievances  of  which  the  Colonists  of  the  day  com> 
plained.  A.  number  of  representations  were  madia  by  the  complainants  as  well  as 
by  the  government.  Of  these  Van  der  Donck's  Vertoogh  and  Secretary  Van 
Tienhoven's  answer,  have  been  published  in  the  Collections  of  the  N.  Y.  Hist. 
Soc.,  2d.  Ser.  ii.  The  "Breeden  Raet"  or  Full  Information  to  the  United 
Netherland  Provinces,  is  another  of  the  publications  called  forth  by  the  same 
circumstance.  It  was  printed  at  Antwerp  origioayy  in  1649.  It  consists  of  a 
Dialogue  between  eight  persons  and  appears  to  be  a  strong  attack  on  the  adminis- 
trations of  Directors  EJeft  and  Stnyvesant.  A  brochure,  made  up  of  Extracts 
from  this  work  having  recently  appeared  in  Amsterdam,  a  copy  was  obtained  for 
the  State  Library  which  is  now  reprinted.  Hitherto,  the  work  has  been  imknonrn 
to  bibliographers. 


I',,  i    *V 


'■  y.> 


.'tXt 


'>r-'\    :.\>'V 


GOVERNOR  KIEFT'S  ADMINISTRATION. 

fi.  Passing  over  several  minor  abuses,  in  order  to  come  to  tlie 
tyrany  which  ruins  the  whole  country,  you  must  know  that 
Governor  Kieft  had  tor  a  long  time  secretly  intended  to  begin  a 
war  witli  the  savages  of  New  Netherland,  because  they  had 
refused,  on  reasonable  grounds,  to  give  him  a  certain  contribu- 
tion, alleging  they  were  not  oUiged  to  give  it  to  the  director,  or 
to  the  Dutch : 

1.  Not  for  the  sake  of  the  soldiers,  since  they  did  them  no 
service,  in  case  of  war  with  other  tribes ;  for  that  they  crept, 
together  like  cats  upon  a  piece  of  cloth  and  might  be  killed  a 
thousand  times  over,  before  news  could  be  got  to  the  fort,  which 
was  at  a  great  distance  from  them ;  still  less  that  they  could  b« 
delivered  or  seconded  in  time  by  its  soldiers. 

2.  Further,  that  they  had  allowed  us  to  remain  peaceably  in 
their  coimtry,  that  they  had  never  demanded  a  recompense  from 
us,  and  that,  for  that  reason,  we  were  under  obligations  to  them, 
and  not  they  to  us. 

3.  Item,  that  when  our  nation,  having  lost  a  ship  there  had 
built  a  new  one,  they  had  supplied  them  with  victuals  and  all 
other  necessaries,  and  had  taken  care  of  them  for  two  winters, 
till  the  ship  was  finished  j  consequently  we  were  under  obliga- 
tion to  them,  not  they  to  us. 

4.  For  that  reason  they  asked  Why  they  should  supply  us 
with  maize  tbi  nothing,  since  they  paid  as  much  as  we  asked, 
for  every  thing  they  came  to.purchase  of  us. 

5.  If  we,  said  they,  heve  ceded  to  you  the  country  you^  are 
living  in,  we  yet  remain  masters  of  what  we  have  retained  for 
ourselves. 

Have  we  not  supplied  yon  Swannekens  {u  e.  Germans  or 
Dutchmen)  on  your  first  arrival  here  and  when  you  had  no 
mochols  (i.  e.  ships,)  with  provisions  for  two  whole  winters,  and 
had  we  not  you  would  have  died  of  hunger  ? 


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102 


EXTRACTS   FROM  A  WORK 


The  delegates  from  all  the  savage  tribes,  such  as  the  Raritans, 
whose  chiefs  called  themselves  Oringkes,  from  Orange,  the  Hac- 
quihsacks,  the  Wappenas,  Hogelanders,  Wicquasgecks,  Recke- 
wacke,  Mereckewacks,  Tappanders,  Massapeins,  Zinkeeuw,  and 
others,  had  got  as  many  objections  to  make,  as  there  were  points 
to  discuss.  Tliey,  however,  separated  peaceably,  contenting 
themselves  with  giving  us  no  contributions  nor  asking  any  from 
us.  Director  Kieft,  seeing  himself  deprived  of  this  contribution 
which  he  was  very  greedy  of  by  so  many  reasons,  and  also 
because  it  would  disgrace  him  in  the  eyes  of  his  countrymen, 
invented  other  means  to  satisfy  his  insatiable  avaricious  soul. 

E.  Well,  skipper,  how  did  all  that  end  1 

B.  When  in  the  year  1643,  about  Shrovetide,  the  savages  were 
surprised  by  some  other  tribes  (which  were  too  powerful  for 
them)  and  obliged  to  retreat  they  iook  refuge  in  our  territory, 
not  suspecting  they  had  any  thing  to  fear  from  us.  About  the 
same  time  there  was  a  feast  at  the  house  of  Jan  Jans^en  Damen, 
at  which  the  director,  in  a  significant  toast,  communicated  his 
intended  attack  on  the  savages  to  three  inconsiderate  boors,  viz  i 
Maryn  Adriaensz,  Jan  Jansz  and  Abraham  Plancy,  who  present- 
ed a  (pretended)  request,  composed  by  secretary  Tienhoven,  to 
the  governor,  begging  him  to  allow  them  to  take  revenge  on  the 
savages,  who  killed  the  servant  of  Mr.  v.  Nederhorst,  which 
crime  had  not  been  punished ;  this  retribution  being  necessary 
to  maintain  the  reputation  of  our  nation. 

K.  Was  that  true  1 

B.  I  will  tell  you  sir.  A  certain  savage  chief  named  Itacquin- 
sacq,  who  was  considered  as  heedless  even  by  the  satages  them- 
selves, having  been  intoxicated  with  brandy  by  our  men,  being 
asked  whether  he  was  able  to  make  a  good  use  of  his  bow  and 
arrow  when  in  that  state,  in  reply  pointed  his  arrow  at  a  certain 
man  called  Gerrit  Yansz,  a  servant  of  the  deceased  Mr.  van 
Nederhorsts,  whom  he  actually  killed,  asking  whether  he  Was 
able  or  not.  To  revenge  this  man's  death  several  savages  had 
been  killed,  and  our  people  were  again  in  peace  with  them ;  so 
that  at  the  time  tlie  director  ordered  this  massacre,  the  same 
tribe  who  had  killed  the  deceased  Mr.  v.  Nederhorsts  servant, 
had  been  visited  some  weeks  before  by  the  director  himself,  and 


f^jwr'^if^ 


CALLED  BREEDEN  RAEDT. 


103 


supplied  with  all  nec^Scsries ;  this  pretent  was  therefore  altogether 
a  specious  one. 

K.  Was  it  then  in  the  power  of  one  man  to  begin  a  war  or 
massacre  for  that  1 

B.  That  it  might  appear  plausible,  they  had  such  a  petition 
presented;  to  which,  on  Feb.  25.  1643  was  answered  that  they 
authorised  Maryn  Adriaensz,  with  his  company,  to  make  an 
attack  on  the  Savages,  camped  sX  Curlers  plantation,  and  to  treat 
them  as  time  and  circumstances  required. 

E.  Who  ever  gave  such  an  authorisation  7  Who  could  have 
been  the  author  of  that  authorisation  7 

B.  Why  secretary  Cornelius  van  Tienhoven,  who  is  now 
returned  home  to  make  a  report  on  New  Netherland ;  the  same 
who  had,  composed  the  petition. 

C.  A  child  might  see  that  that  was  but  a  pretext.  The  secre- 
tary deserved  to  be  torn  to  pieces  by  four  horses  as  a  traitor  j 
and  as  for  the  three  boors,  according  to  law  they  had  foriieited 
their  lives.  In  the  mean  time  were  the  settlers  warned  to  be  on 
the  alert,  that  they  might  not  run  any  risk  either  by  assistance 
or  resistance  1 

B.  Nobody  at  all  was  warned  but  the  three  before  mentioned. 
The  settlers  were  not  so  much  as  thought  of.  The  secretary 
himself  went  to  reconnoitre  the  camp  of  the  savages  the  day 
before  the  attack,  and  if  the  settlers  had  known  what  was  intend- 
ed, supposing  there  had  been  reasons  for  it,  not  one  of  the  savages 
would  have  escaped ;  but  if,  as  was  really  the  case,  there  had 
been  no  reasons,  the  director  would  never  have  been  able  to 
commit  such  a  murder,  if  even  he  had  such  traitors  as  secretaries. 

J.  By  what  I  understand  of  the  affair,  the  secretary  is  the 
principal  cause  of  what  followed.    But  how  did  they  proceed  1 

B.  Between  the  25  and  26  Febr.  1643,  at  midnight  80  and  odd 
savages  were  murdered  at  Pavonia,  by  80  soldiers.  Young 
children,  some  of  them  snatched  from  their  mothers,  were  cut  in 
pieces  before  the  eyes  of  their  parents,  and  the  pieces  were 
thrown  into  the  fire  or  into  the  water ;  other  babes  were  bound 
on  planks  and  then  cut  through,  stabbed  and  miserably  massacred, 
so  that  it  would  break  a  heart  of  stone  ;  some  were  thrown 
into  the  river  and  when  the  fathers  and  mothers  sought  to 


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104 


EXTRACTS  FKOM  A  WORK 


save  them,  the  soldiers  would  not  suffer  them  to  come  ashore  but 
caused  both  old  and  young  to  be  drowned.  Some  children  of  from 
5  to  6  years  of  age,  as  also  some  old  infirm  persons,  who  had 
managed  to  hide  themselves  in  the  bushes  and  reeds,  came  out 
in  the  morning  to  beg  for  a  piece  of  bread  and  for  permission  to 
warm  themselves,'  but  were  aU  murdered  in  cold  blood  and 
thrown  into  the  fire  or  the  water.  A  few  escaped  to  our  settlers, 
some  with  the  loss  of  a  hand,  others  of  a  leg,  others  again  holding 
in  their  bowels  with  their  hands,  and  all  so  cut,  hacked  and 
maimed,  that  worse  could  not  be  imagined  ;  they  were  indeed  in 
such  a  state  that  our  people  supposed  they  had  been  surprised 
by  their  enemies,  the  tribe  of  the  Maquaes.  After  tKis  exploit 
the  soldiers  we"e  recompensed  for  their  services,  and  thanked 
by  the  director  Kieft  in  person.  In  another  place,  on  the  same 
night,  at  Curler's  Hook,  near  Gurler^s  plantation,  about  forty 
savages  were  surprised  in  their  sleep  in  the  same  way,  and 
massacred  like  the  others. 

D.  Did  ever  the  duke  of  Alba  do  more  evil  in  the  Nether- 
lands 1 

F.  Certainly  you  have  such  Dutch  Governors  or  directors  who 
honour  and  respect  the  duke  of  Alba. 

S.  Yes  sir,  it  is  a  scandal  for  our  nation  ;  and  if  silence  would 
have  remedied  it  I  should  never  have  mentioned  it.  But 
information  has  been  given  of  it  in  the  proper  quarter,  and  not 
only  it  lias  not  been  remedied,  but  it  has  gone  still  worse  as  you 
shall  hear  directly. 

H.  But  did  the  savages  suffer  this  so  quietly  1 

B.  Oh  no  sir.'  As  soon  as  they  found  how  the  Swannekens 
treated  them,  they  killed  all  the  men  they  could  lay  hands  on, 
but  I  never  heard  that  they  did  any  harm  to  the  women  or 
children.  Besides  this  they  burned  and  destroyed  all  the  houses, 
farms,  barns  and  everything  they  could  come  at,  so  that  they 
began  a  declared  and  destructive  war. 

C.  Quicquid  delirant  reges  plectuntur  achivi. 

B.  I  am  told  for  a  fact  that  a  certain  skipper  Isaac  Abraham- 
sen,  having  saved  a  young  boy,  and  hidden  him  under  the  sails 
in  order  to  give  him  to  one  Cornelius  Melyn,  towards  morning 
the  poor  child,  overcome  with  cold  and  hunger^made  some  noise 


0 


CALLED  BREEOEM  RAEDT. 


105 


and  was  heard  by  the  soldiers,  18' Dutch  tigers,  draggea  from 
under  the  sails  in  spite  of  the  endeavors  of  the  skipper,  who 
was  alone  against  18,  cut  in  two  and  thrown  overboard. 

F.  But  what  did  the  inhabitants  say  of  the  massacre  1 

B.  They  were  not  only  much  displeased  but  took  notes  of 
all  that  passed  from  time  to  time,  for  those  of  the  country  (plant- 
ers) were  all  ruined,  and  in  the  forts  there  was  little  provision 
and  little  strength.  This  they  wrote  and  sent  to  government 
relating  the  causes  and  occasions  of  the  war,  with  all  the  circum  - 
stances  as  they  had  occurred. 

J.  How  did  you  do  in  the  meanwhile,  before  an  wswer  ar-  • 
rived  7 

B.  We  had  but  a  choice  of  evils.  The  Director  robbed  and 
murdered  wherever  he  could,  and  in  the  manner  already  related 
1600  savages  were  killed  in  the  years  1643  and  1644 ;  some  of 
them  were  settled  among  the  English,  at  a  distance  of  from  10 
to  20  miles  from  us,  who  were  most  of  them  surprised  in  their 
sleep,  many  of  them  never  having  seen  a  Dutchman  much  less 
ever  having  done  them  .any  harm. 

In  April  of  the  year  1644,  seven  savages  were  arrested  at 
Heemstede  (where  an  English  clergyman,  Mr.  Fordam,  was 
governor),  on  a  charge  of  killing  two  or  tliree  pigs,  though  it  was 
afterwards  discovered  that  some  Englishmen  had  done  it  them* ' 
selves.    Director  Kieft  was  informed  by  Mr.  Fordham^  that  he 
had  just  arrested  seven  savages,  who  were  confined  in  a  cellar, 
but  whom  he  had  not  dared  to  treat  inhumanely,  as  he  could 
not  answer  for  tlDe  consequences  to  himself,  because  such  things 
are  not  to  be  winked  at  there,  or  perhaps  because  the  English 
nation  wish  to  cause  a  general  dislike  among  .the  savages  to  our 
people.    Kieft  immediately  sent  ensign  Opdyk  with  an  English- 
man, John  Ouderhill,  and  15  or  16  soldiers,  who  killed  tliree  of 
the  seven  in  the  cellar.    Tliey  then  took  the  other  four  with 
them  in  the  sailing  boat,  two  of  whom  were  towed  along  by  a 
string  round  their  necks  till  they  were  drownedj  while  the  two 
unfortunate  survivors  were  detained  as  ^risolieirs  at  fort  Am- 
sterdam.   Wheh  they  had  been  kept  a  long  time  in  the  corps  dt 
^ardii,  the  director  betame  tired  of  giving  them  food  any  longer, 
and  they  were  delivered  to  the  soldiers  to  do  as  they  pleased 


1                  1 

t                                                                > 

'!f 

'  *  »'  *r  JH 


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K'r. 


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*106 


EXTRACTS   FROM  A  WORK 


with .  The  poof  untbrtiinate  prisoners  were  immediately  dragged 
out  of  the  guard  house  and  soon  dispatched  with  knives  of  from 
18  to  20  inches  long,  wliich  director  Kieft  liad  made  for  his  sol- 
diers for  such  purposes,  saying  tliat  the  swords  were  too  long 
for  use  in  the  Imts  of  the  savages,  when  they  went  to  surprise 
them  ;  but  that  these  knives  were  much  liandier  for  bowelling 
them.  The  first  of  these  savages  having  received  a  frightful 
wound,  desired  them  to  permit  ]iira  to  dance  what  is  called  the 
Kinte  Kaeye,  a  religious  use  observed  among  them  before  death  ; 
he  received  however  so  many  wounds,  that  he  dropped  down 
dead.  The  soldiers  tlien  cut  strips  from  the  other's  body,  be- 
ginning at  the  calves,  up  the  back,  over  the  shoulders  and  down 
to  the  knees.  While  this  was  going  forward,  director  Kieft, 
with  his  councillor  Jan  de  la  Montaigne,  a  Frenchman,  stood 
laughing  heartily  at  the  fun,  and  rubbing  his  right  arm,  so  much 
delight  he  took  in  such  scenes.  He  then  ordered  him  to  be 
taken  out  of  the  fort,  and  the  soldiers  bringing  him  to  the  Beaver's 
path  (he  dancing  the  Kinte  Kaeye  all  the  time)  threw  him  down, 
cut  ofif  his  partes  genitales,  thrust  them  into  his  mouth  while  still 
alive,  and  at  last,  placing  him  on  a  mill  stone,  cut  off  his  head. 

H.  What  shameftil  barbarity ! 

B.  What  I  tell  you  is  true,  for  by  the  same  token  there  stooa 
at  the  same  time  24  or  25  female  savages,  who  had  been  taken 
prisoner  at  the  N.  W.  point  of  the  fort ;  and  when  they  saw  this 
bloody  spectacle,  they  held  up  their  arms,  struck  their  mouth, 
and  in  their  language  exclaimed:  "  For  shame!  for  shame!  such 
unheard  of  cruelty  was  never  known,  or  even  thought  of  among 
us."  The  savages  have  ofien  called  out  to  us  from  a  distance: 
what  scoundrels  you  Swannekens  are;  you  do  not  war  upon  us, 
but  i^on  our  wives  and  children,  whom  you  treacherously 
murder;  whereas  we  do  no  harm  either  to  your  wives  or  your 
children,  but  feed  and  take  care  of  them,  till  we  send  them  back 
again  to  you. 

K.  Well,  skipper,  you  know  more  news,  if  they  were  only 
good  news,  than  all  of  us  put  together.    How  did  they  get  on? 

B.  Director  Kieft,  not  content  with  this  causing  the  hunted 
savages  to  be  surprised,  engaged  some  Engrish  spies  to  accom- 
pany his  soldiers  as  guides,  into  places  unknown  to  our  people. 


> 


CALLED  BREEDEN  BAEDT 


107 


by  which  many  poor  inoffensive  savages  were  cruelly  and  trai- 
torously massacred. 


GOVERNOR  STUYVESANT'S  ADMINISTRATION. 

B.  The  state's  general  being  informed  of  all  those  evils, 
ordered  the  governors  (of  the  West  India  Company)  to  remedy 
them;  and  the  latter,  conscious  of  having  trifled  too  long  witl) 
director  Kieft,  with  whom  they  were  thoroughly  acquainted, 
chose  a  certain  Petrus  Stuyvesant,  formerly  director  of  Curasao, 
the  son  of  a  minister  in  Vriesland,  to  supersede  him.  I'his  same 
Stuyvesant  robbed  the  daughter  of  his  host,  and  being  discovered 
would  have  had  to  suffer  for  the  crime,  but  that  he  waSi  forgiven 
for  sake  of  his  father. 

E.  How  in  the  world  did  the  company  manage  to  find  so 
many  rascals'!  Why  they  must  have  whole  magazines  full  of 
them.  '. 

B.  Their  High  Mightinesses  now  thought  that  the  governor 
would  take  care  that  there  should  be  no  more  complaints  of  an 
oppressive  or  tyrannical  direction ;  we  are  however  informed  in 
what  manner  the  same  governors  who  had  intrigued  witli  Kieflt, 
instructed  the  new  director,  to  the  decline  and  ruin  of  New 
Netherland,  to  maintain  Kieft  and  vex  the  inhabitants  under  any 
appearance  or  pretext  whatever.  Neither  could  he  contain  him- 
self till  he  had  time  and  opportunity,  but  even  upon  his  passage 
threatened  that  when  he  arrived  in  New  Netherland,  he  would 
teach  them  better  to  know  their  plans.  As  hoWever  he  had 
promised  their  high  mightinesses  by  oath,  that  he  would  punish 
the  faults  of  director  Kieft  according  to  their  deserts,  and  pro- 
perly support  the  inhabitants ;  the  result  however  has  shown 
quite  the  contrary  of  these  fine  promises,  abcording  to  the 
instructions  giVeh  him  by  the  governors  (whicli  he  has  shown  to 
several  persons)^  in  which  he  is  ordered  to  do  as  he  aflerwards 
did. 

J".  Is  iiot  th&t  the  same  Stuyvesant  who  some  time  before  at- 


■;•  1 


f 


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t 


'■  -ai  »^. 


t 


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4 


108 


EXTRACTS   FROM  A   WOftt 


W^ 


im 


tompted  to  take  fort  St.  Mtiftiu  for  the  eompftny,  and  who  lo«t 
his  leg  in  the  attempt] 

B.  The  very  same;  the  governors  looked  upon  that  as  quite  i 
piece  of  Roman  courage. 

J.  Yes,  but  all  who  attended  that  expedition  will  tell  another 
story;  how  he  burnt  all  our  powder  in  firing  salutes  during  the 
whole  of  the  voyage,  so  that  when  th«  time  for  action  arrived, 
there  was  none  to  be  found;  and  every  thing  relating  to  that 
expeditiol^was  so  disorderly,  that  the  like  was  never  seen.  In- 
deed when  we  broke  up  the  seige  and  retired,  without  effecting 
any  thing,  only  becaujte  of  his  leg,  which  was  shot  off  by  the  first 
cannon  shot  from  Port  St.  Martin,  we  left  every  thing  behind, 
and  among  other  things  5  or  6  field  pieces.  Was  that  a  fine 
Roman  achievementl  Who  knows  how  much  that  expedition 
cost  the  company]  Such  a  prudent  hero  deserved  indeed  to  be 
advanced  to  director,  and  c}iosen  and  sent  to  New  Netherland 
as  redresser-General  of  all  abuses. 

B.  When  he  comes  thence,  the  governors  may  send  him  as 
president  to  Brazil,  in  order  to  spoil  the  little  that  still  remains 
there,  just  as  he  is  always  used  to  do. 

3.  He  is  now,  however,  getting  older,  and  ought  to  improve 
his  conduct  in  order  to  wipe  out  former  faults.  How  does  he 
get  on  in  New  Netherland? 

B.  Improve  do  you  say,  messmate]  Like  old  Avolves  and  old 
ships,  worse  from  day  to  day. 

S.  t>oes  he  still  foam  and  rage  and  storm  as  much  as  he  used 
to  do,  eten  to  striking  and  beating] 

B.  tn  All  that  he  is  just  the  man  he  has  always  been ;  and  so 
there  is  too  change  to  be  expected  but  for  the  worse. 

h  What  was  his  reception  in  New  Netherland] 

B.  Inhere  was  so  much  shouting  on  all  sides,  that  they  were 
obliged  to  send  to  another  place  to  buy  poTvuer  for  exercising 
and  in  case  of  need. 

I.  I  could  have  gitessed  as  much,  but  how  did  he  treat  the 
inhabitants  from  the  tery  first] 

B.  As  soon  as  he  arrived,  some  of  the  principal  inhabitants 
ooming  bareheaded  to  welcome  their  new  director,  he  let  them 
wait  for  several  iiottrs  bareheaded,  he  himself  keeping  his  hat 


CALLED  BREEDEN  RAEOT. 


^ 


IM 


on  his  head,  as  if  he  was  the  Czar  of  Moscovy;  nobodf  was 
offered  a  chair,  while  he  seated  himself  very  comfortably  oo  a 
chair,  the  better  to  give  the  welcomers  an  audience. 

J.  Tou  speak  in  so  lively  a  way  of  his  manner  of  acting,  that 
I  can  fancy  I  see  it  all  passing  before  my  eyes;  go  on  telling 
about  that  unlicked  bear. 

B.  In  a  word,  when  he  was  to  take  the  direction  from  Kieft, 
the  whole  community  being  caUed  together  for  that  purpose, 
Kieft  began  by  thanking  them  all  for  their  fidelity  to  him,  which 
he  much  exaggerated  in  hopes  that  the  community  would  una- 
nimously have  thanked  him;  but  some  of  them  said  boldly  that 
fiiey  would  not  thank  him  as  they  had  no  reason  to  do  so;  among 
these  were  Joachim  Pieterz  Kuyter  and  Gomelis  Melyn.  Stny- 
vesant,  under  the  canopy  of  heaven,  declared  loudly  that  every 
one  should  have  justice  done  to  him,  which  assurance  was  very 
agreeable  to  the  community ;  a  few  days  afterwards,  however, 
being  well  persuaded  and  led  away  by  Kieft,  Stuyvesant  began 
to  assemble  a  court  of  justice,  had  the  letter  of  the  8  d^uted 
petitioners  to  the  chamber  of  Amsterdam  laid  before  it,  and 
having  chosen  the  side  of  Kieft,  and  wishing  to  take  care  that 
afterwards  no  similar  chaige  should  be  brought  against  him,  he. 
considered  these  8  chosen  men  as  private  persons,  and  regarded 
all  their  conduct  and  the  whole  jm^cess  between  Kieft  and  th«u 
in  no  other  light. 

In  his  opinion  it  was  treason  to  ^tition  against  one's  magis- 
trates whether  there  wfts  cause  or  not.  WMt  Kieft  simply 
denied  was  considered  as  of  more  weight  than  the  proofi 
produced  by  his  antagonists. 

And  when  the  arbiters  produced  divers  memorials,  points  and 
persons  to  prove  the  1a>uth  of  what  was  written,  their  statements 
were  either  entirely  rejected  oip  a  part  of  what  came  to  light  was 
suppressed. 

And  what  was  more,  the  othe^  persons  who  had  subscrtfoed 
two  letters  were  prevailed  upon  and  ot^ged  by  high  authorily 
a^d  severe  menaces  as  also  by  &ir  promises,  not  to  divulge  what 
would  be  communicated  to  themj  to  revoke  what  had  beoi 
written,  or  at  least  in  order  to  give  it  another  appearance  to 
jieclare  the^  h^  beep  bribed  to  subscribe  it  and  had  been  mis- 


y 


'  'if. 


.   f  ■ 


«  ■ 

« 


l'  f 


v-»;' 


•♦ 


110 


KXTRACTS   FROM  A   WORK 


ferv   ;l 


\m^ 


informed,  not  knowing  what  tliey  subscribed,  but  having  only 
done  it  at  the  earnest  entreaties  of  some  who  persisted  in 
subs<*ribing  it  and  still  maintained  their  signature. 

So  director  Stuyvesant  passed  sentence  against  Joacliira 
Pietersz  and  Cornells  Melyn,  whom  he  charged  with  having 
accused,  by  libellous  letters  tlieir  legitimate  governor  and  chief 
director  Kieft,  in  a  clandestine  and  lying  way;  with  ImviriK' 

^censured  and  calumniated  him,  the  which  he  and  his  counsil 
desiring  to  prevent  in  the  well  ordered  commonwealth  of  New 
Netherland,  and  executing  justice  in  the  name  of  their  High 
Mightinesses  the  states  General,  His  Highness  the  Prince  of 
Orange,  and  the  General  chartered  West  India  Company,  coA- 
demned  Joachim  Piertsz  Kuyter  to  a  banishment  of  three 
consecutive  years  and  a  penalty  of  a  hundred  and  fifty  guilders, 
one  third  for  the  fiscal,  one  third  for  the  poor  and  one  third  for 
the  church.  Cornells  Melyn  was  charged  in  his  sentence  with 
more  crimes  ^nd  punished  more  severely,  (because  Kieft  had 
formerly  flattered  himself  that  he  should  have  a  part  with  him 
in  Staten  Island,  t^nd  finding  himself  deceived,  he  had  been 
obliged  to  make  other  conditions  with  other  persons  ;  and  Kieft 

,  played  him  this  trick,  as  was  afterwards  proved)  and  in  virtue 
of  the  preceding  arguments  was  found  guilty  of  Crimen  laesae 
Majestatis,  crimen  falsi,  crimen  of  libel  and  defamation,  and  ou 
that  account  was  to  forfeit  all  benefits  derived  from  the  company 
or  which  he. might  still  claim,  a  penalty  of  300  guilders,  to  be 
applied  as  above,  and  to  be  banished  from  New  Netlierland  for 
the  term  of  7  years.  So  that  those  who  had  accused  Kieft 
were  kicked  out  and  sent  away  by  Stuyvesant.  It  is  well  known 
that  when  director  Kieft  was  reminded  that  these  suits  would  most 
probably,  have  taken  another  turn  in  Holland,  he  replied ;  why 
should  we  alarm  each  other  with  justice  in  Holland  ;  in  this  case 
I  only  consider  it  as  a  scare  crow.  And  Stuyvesant  replied  ;  if 
I  was  persuaded  that  you  would  appeal  from  my  sentences 
or  divulge  them,  I  would  have  your  head  cut  off",  or  have  you 
hanged  on  the  highest  tree  in  New  Netherland.  He  also  repre- 
sented Kieff  s  affair  in  so  favorable  a  light,  inveighed  so  furibusly 
against  the  constant  arbiters,  that  the  foam  hung  on  his  beard. 
To  show  still  more  clearly  that  he  did  not  at  all  intend  to  follow 


theord 
made  tl 
.      ed  Jan , 
toslaug 
E.  A 
B.  It  J 
Mightinc 
the  occuj 
only  amo 
disgracefi 
there-fore 
New  Netl 
heart,  oug 
J.  But } 
B.  Most 
to  the  new 
even  his  oi 
and  torn  a\ 
The  Prince 
patriots  am 
channel  it  s 
wicked  Kie 
turning  to  tl 
you,  can  yo 
broken  top 
while  Kieft, 
persons  wer( 
was  on  his  re 
ders.    Joach; 
ship  on  whic 
speaking  to  i 
He  was  at  Jas 
great  astonisli 
thousands,  an 
memorial.    ^ 
had  remained 
sandbank  whi 
«ome  planks 


'•f^'.. 


CALLED  BRCEOBN  RAEDT. 


Ill 


the  orders  of  their  High  Mightinesses  or  fhlfil  the  promises  he 
made  them,  or  to  satisfy  the  community,  he  immediately  appoint- 
ed Jan  Jansen  Damen,  (one  of  those  who  had  signed  the  request 
to  slaughter  the  savages)  as  churchwarden. 

£.  A  very  nice  churchwarden  that,  one  with  bloody  hands. 

B.  It  is  to  be  feared  that  if  the  united  Provinces,  their  High 
Mightinesses  and  his  Highness  do  not  take  measures  to  prevent 
the  occurrence  of  such  injustice,  their  reputation  wiU  suffer,  not 
only  among  the  savages  but  through  all  Christendom  and  it  is* 
disgraceful  enough  already  that  this  has  not  yet  been  done ; 
there-fore  those  who  have  the  prosperity  of  the  Netherlands,  of 
New  Netherland,  of  its  inhabitants  and  of  its  government  at 
heart,  ought  to  strive  to  redress  such  grievances. 

J.  But  was  that  sentence  executed  ? 

B.  Most  assuredly  ;  for  that  was  now  of  as  much  consequence 
to  the  new  director  Stuyvesant  as  his  own  honour,  reputation, 
even  his  own  life.  They  were  brought  on  board  like  criminals 
and  torn  away  from  their  goods,  their  wives  and  their  children. 
The  Princess  was  to  carry  the  director  and  those  two  faithful 
patriots  away  from  New  Netherland,  but  coming  into  the  wrong 
channel  it  struck  upon  a  rock  and  was  wrecked.  And  now  this 
wicked  Kieft,  seeing  death  before  his  eyes,  sighed  deeply  and 
turning  to  these  two,  said :  Friends,  I  have  been  unjust  towards 
you,  can  you  forgive  me  1  Towards  morning  the  ship  was 
broken  to  pieces.  Melyn  lost  his  son,  the  minister  Bogardus ; 
while  Kieft,  captain  John  de  Vries  and  a  great  number  of  other 
persons  were  drowned.  Much  treasure  was  also  lost,  as  Kieft 
was  on  his  return  with  a  fortune  of  four  hundred  thousand  guil- 
ders. Joachim  Pietersz  Kuyter  remained  alone  on  a  part  of  the 
ship  on  which  stood  a  cannon,  which  he  took  for  a  man,  but 
speaking  to  it  and  getting  no  answer  he  supposed  him  dead. 
He  was  at  last  thrown  on  land,  together  with  the  cannon,  to  the 
great  astonishment  of  the  English,  who  crowded  the  strand  by 
thousands,  and  who  set  up  the  pine  or  ordinance  as  a  lasting 
memorial.  Meljrn,  floating  on  his  back,  fell  in  with  others  who 
had  remained  on  a  part  of  the  wreck  till  they  were  driven  on  a 
sandbank  which  became  dry  with  the  ebb.  They  then  took 
some  planks  and  pieces  of  wood,  fastened  then)  together  and 


4: 


J  1 


».     "# 


P\:, 


h 


,» 
! 


112 


EXTRACTS  rSOM  A   WORM  CALLKD   RREKDEN   RAtl.'i', 


haying  made  sails  of  thaii'  shirts,  etc.,  they  got  at  ItM  to  the 
Mainland  of  England.  As  these  persons  were  more  concerned 
lor  their  papers  than  for  any  thing  else,  they  caused  them  to  be 
dragged  for,  and  on  the  third  day  Joachim  Pietersz  got  a  small 
part  of  them,  which  aire  in  being  to  tliis  day. 

0.  Mow  people  are  sometimes  boifetted  aboat  the  ^vorld ! 
How  will  these  persons  ever  get  justice  ? 

B.  According  to  what  tliey  told  me,  when  they  arrived  in 
Holland,  the  Dutch  directors  much  lamented  the  loss  of  the  ship 
and  its  rich  cargo,  and  were  doubly  pained  that  while  so  many 
fine  men  were  lost,  two  rebellious  bandits  should  survive  to 
trouble  the  company  with  their  complaints. 

J.  Was  that  all  the  eomfort  they  got  t 

B.  That  was  not  all  their  comfort,  but  some  of  the  directors 
undertook  to  prevent  them  from  getting  a  hearing  from  their 
tbgh  Mightinesses. 

J.  'Twas  better  to  send  such  scoundrels  to  the  devil.  Who 
dared  to  undertake  that  1 

B.  Those  who  had  always  corresponded  with  those  wicked 
ehilflren  of  Belial,  van  Beeck  Perquin ;  they  got  a  hearing, 
however,  Mid  set  their  affair  in  such  a  light  before  their  H.  M. 
that  it  was  resolved  to  prevent  such  unrig\teor.3  proceedings, 
dispatched  letters  of  inhibition,  ordered  Stuyresant  either  to 
Appear  In  person  or  by  proxy,  in  order  to  hear  his  sentence 
mabitained,  confirnwd  or  annulled;  or  else  to  await  it  th^e, 
«nd  to  that  end  their  H.  M.  supplied  the  complainants  with  all 
neeessary  orders,  safeguards,  acts  and  instruments. 


.> 


■   K» 


.1 


VI. 


DESCRIPTION 


■•*.■:• 


..  ■;  .  '■■' 


OP 


NEW  NETHERLAND. 


1671. 


V 


I  . 


Translated  from  De  I7Ieawe  en  Onbekende  Weereld:  ofBeschryrlng  van  America 
en 't  Zuidland:  door  Abmolovs  Momtarus.    Amsterdam,  1671. 


fjf.  .-.  ^ 


0-iU^' 


•  'i-    V 


Vol.  IV. 


« 


,...-:....  _;i 


I  itiiU  IS 


I  :4: 


lku„  W. 


tmk  '■* 


.^.. 


r'  i 


f\] 


iiii:j>/?n 


(I 


1  r  r 


«    i« 


U.ii'l 


f    / 


*j. 


7( 


•   New  Net 

Deicriptioii  and 
discovery  o/  N« 
Netiierlaiid 

coast  by  t 
unknown. 
Hudson.    ] 
passage  to 
Half  Moon 
J^ewfoundh 
large  river 
sequently  j 
thus  discos 
trade  here, 
iu  the  year 
eral  at  the 
of  all  oth( 
Mriaen  Bl 
islands,  hai 
tans  or  Gre 
bogues  into 
island  Mak 

Hiver  Manhattaiw 

the  people 
river.     Tlie: 
as  well  as  ol 
"P  lie  the  J\ 
with  each  ol 
bank  of  the 
ding  on  the 
constant  an 
nations  to  t!i 


'JV' 


M.trivt   7/ 


I  ■<>i ; 


;'!  i 


J^i 


,1 


NEW  NETHERLAND. 


JO 


'.iJ 


New  Netherland  bounded  on  the  south  west  by   Virginia, 
Description  and     stretcliBs  on  the  north  east  to  JVew  England,  on  the 

discovery  o/  New  i..  ii-i         •         .  ^  i  -i 

Neuieriaiid  nofth  it  IS  washcd  bv  the  river  Canada,  and  on  the 
coast  by  the  Ocean  :  north  westerly,  inland,  it  remains  wholly 
unknown.  The  first  who  discovered  this  country  was  Henry 
Hudson.  Engaged  by  the  East  India  Company  to  find  out  a 
passage  to  China  nortli  of  America^  he  set  sail  with  the  Yacht 
Half  Moon,  in  the  year  sixteen  hundred  and  nine.  In  front  of 
J^Tewfoundland  he  took  a  course  directly  southwest ;  entered  a 
large  river ;  there  [met]  two  men  clothed  in  Elk  skins,  and  sub- 
sequently arrived  safe  at  Amsterdam.  Mew  J^etherland  being 
thus  discovered,  divers  traders  set  about  establishing  a  stable 
trade  here.  Wherefore  they  sought  for  and  obtained  a  charter 
iu  the  year  sixteen  hundred  and  fourteen,  from  the  States  Gen- 
eral at  the  Hague,  to  trade  to  JWiw  J^etherland  to  the  exclusion 
of  all  others.  Earnestly,  now,  was  the  trade  prosecuted. 
Mriaen  Blok  and  Godyn  soon  discovered  here  divers  coasts, 
islands,  harbours  and  rivers.  Among  the  rivers  is  the  Manhat 
tans  or  Great  river,  by  far  the  most  important,  which  disem- 
bogues into  the  Ocean  hy  two  wide  mouths-  washing  the  mighty 
island  Matouwacs.  The  south  entrance  was  called  Port  May 
or  Godyn's  Bay :  Midway  lies  Staten  Island,  and  a 
little  further  up,  the  Manhattans,  so  called  from 
the  people  which  inhabit  the  mainland  on  the  east  side  of  the 
river.  These  are  cruel  and  wicked  men,  enemies  of  the  Dutch, 
as  well  as  of  the  Sanhikans  who  dwell  on  the  west  side.  Higher 
up  lie  the  Makwaes  and  Mahikans,  who  are  constantly  at  war 
witli  each  other  :  in  like  fhanner  all  the  inhabitants  on  the  west 
bank  of  the  Manhattan  river  frequently  make  war  on  those  resi- 
ding on  the  east  side.  And  the  latter  in  like  manner  entertain 
constant  animosity  against  the  Dutch,  with  whom  the  other 
nations  to  tlie  west  maintain  good  friendship.    On  a  little  island 


River  Manhattans. 


116 


DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW   NETHERLAND. 


■r  '    ■    * 


-i  ■  * 


a^^joining  the  Makwaes  shore,  formerly  stood  a  fort  furnished 
with  two  guns  and  eleven  stone  pieces,  but  it  was  finally  aban- 
doned. On  the  Manhattans  island  stands  J^ew  Amsterdam,  five 
miles  from  the  Ocean  :  Ship^  run  up  to  the  harbour  there  from 
the  seft  with  one  tide.  The  city  hath  an  earthen  fort.  Within 
the  fort,  tmd  on  the  outermost  bastion  towards  the  river,  stand 
a  wiiid'jnill,  and  a  very  high  staff,  on  which  a  flag  is  hoisted 
whenever  any  vessels  are  seen  in  Godyn's  bay.  The  church 
rises  with  a  double  roof  between  which  a  square  tower  looms 
aloft.  On  one  side  is  the  prison,  on  the  other  side  of  the  church 
the  governor's  house.  Without  the  walls  are  the  houses  mostly 
built  by  Amsterdamers.  On  the  river  side  stand  the  gallows 
and  whipping  post.  A  handsome  public  tavern  adorns  the 
farthest  point.  Between  the  fort  and  this  tavern  is  a  row  of 
suitable  dwelling  houses  :  among  which  stand  out  the  ware 
houses  of  the  West  India  Company.  JVeio  JVetherland  hath, 
moreover,  divers  remarkable  water  falls  tumbling  down  from 
lofty  rocks,  broad  creeks  and  kills,  fresh  lakes  and  rivulets  and 
pleasant  springs  and  fountains,  which  smoke  in 
winter,  are  right  cold  in  summer,  and,  nevertheless, 
are  much  drank.  Meanwhile  the  inhabitants  are  at  no  time 
much  incommoded  by  floods,  nor  by  the  sea,  inasmuch  as 
at  spring  tide  the  water  scarcely  ever  rises  a  foot  higher ;  nor 
by  freshets  {op  water)  wliich  cover  only  some  low  lands  for  a 
short  while  and  enrich  them  by  their  alluvium.  The  sea  coast 
rises  hilly  out  of  sand  and  clay,  wherefore  it  produces  abund- 
antly all  sorts  of  herbs  and  trees. 
The  oak  usually  grows  sixty  to  seventy  feet  high,  for  the  most 
part  free  of  knots,  for  which  reason  it  is  well  adapted 
to  ship  building.  The  Hickory  trees  furnish  a  hot 
and  lasting  fire,  and  a  curious  appearance  whenever  the  bush  is 
cut  away  eitb^r  for  the  purpose  of  moA  open  hunting  or  fir  clear- 
ing the  ground  for  a  bouwery .  Some  plants  sent  hither  from  Hol- 
land thrive  better  than  even  in  Holland  ;  namely,  the  apple,  pear, 
quince,  cherry,  plum,  currant,  apricot,  buckthorn,  medlar,  peach 
and  onion.  Vines  grow  wild  everywhere  and  bear  in 
abundance  blue  and  white  muscatels  and  pork  grapes 
{spek-druiven).    Some  time  since,  the  wine  press  was  successfully 


Wholoiome  waters. 


IVees ;  what  sort. 


VillM. 


* 


lif.j 


mm 


■"*■".¥■  ?*'^f W»""  ' 


introduced. 
Wine.    Evei 

Water  melons 

The  English 
inferior  to  Sp 
when  cleaned 
iive  quarters 

Com. 

J 

beans,  planted 
( 

Peas 

i 

plants  and  in 
be  tied  above 
have  a    plea» 

Nature  of  the  hills. 

a 
of  rock  crysta 
serpentine,  bl 
have  not  tak« 
8<!Count  of  no 


Gtildand  Silver 
mines. 


governor,  eini 


Kieft's  experiment 
about  gold. 


tribe,  the  Md 
ed  his  face  wi| 
valuable  mine 
satisfy  Agher<J 
pieces  of  golc 
obtained  fortil 
roense,  a  bu( 
Kieft  nov«f  im^ 
Arend  Corsei 


\    I* 


w. 


DESCRIPTION  OF  HEW  NETHEBULMD. 


li'r 


Water  melons 


Corn. 


Peaa 


introduced.  The  wine  was  equal  to  any  Rhenish  or  French 
Wine.  Every  vegetable  known  to  the  Dutch  is  cultivated  in 
the  gardens.  Water  melons  as  savory  as  they  are 
wholesome,  are,  when  ripe,  as  large  as  a  cabbi^e. 
The  English  extract  a  liquor  from  them  which  would  be  no  wise 
inferior  to  Spanish  wine  did  it  not  turn  sour  too  soon.  Gourds 
when  cleaned  out  serve  as  water  vessels.  Tobacco  produces  leaves 
live  quarters  long.  Pumpkins  grow  luxuriant  and  agreeable. 
Corn  sowed  in  hills  six  feet  apart,  sprouts  up  readily 
and  prosperously  if  properly  weeded.  Turkish 
beans,  planted  beside  the  corn,  wind  themselves  around  the  stalk. 
Grey  peas  prosper  here  so  well  that  two  crops  are 
gathered  in  the  year  from  one  JBield.  Medicinal 
plants  and  indigo  grow  wild  in  abundance.  The  barley  can 
be  tied  above  the  head.  Furthermore,  all  sorts  of  flowers 
have  a  pleasant  odor  imd  appearance.  The  hills  consist 
,  u  u  „  of  fullers  earth,  or  clay,  fit  for  making  dishes,  pots 

Nature  of  the  hills.  '  "^  '  °  '  * 

and  tobacco  pipes.  There  is,  besides,  abundance 
of  rock  crystal  and  Muscovy  glass.  Other  hills  fiurnish  marble, 
serpentine,  blue  and  hearth  stone.  A.nd  although  the  Dutch 
have  not  taken  much  trouble  to  dig  for  minerals,  either  on 
account  of  not  being  numerous  enough,  or  in  order  not  to  make 
other  folks'  mouths  water,  it  is  nevertheless  incon- 
trovertible that  the  subterranean  cavities  in  the  hills 
conceal  gold  and  silver.  When  Wilhem  Kieft,  the 
governor,  f'in.ployed,  in  the  year  sixteen  hundred  and  forty  five,  the 
Indian  interpreter  Agheroenso,  with  a  view,  through 
'^•'^'.*"i5*"™*"'  him  to  terminate  the*  difficulties  wbdchhad  arisen 

tbviut  gold. 

between  the  West  India  Compayy  and  the  cruer 
tribe,  the  Makwaes,  he  ?h..t-ived  that  the  said  interpreter  streak- 
ed his  face  with  a  glitteriuf  yellow  paint.  Kieft  suspected  some 
valuable  mineral  to  be  concealed  in  this  operation,  proposed  to 
satisfy  Agheroense  ;  subjected  xt  to  the  crucible ;  obtained  two 
pieces  of  gold  worth  three  guilders.  He  kept  the  matter  secret  j 
obtained  fortunately  from  the  mountain  pointed  out  by  Aghe-  , 
roense,  a  bucket  full  of  the  material,  for  it  furnished  gold. 
Kieft  now  imagined  he  had  made  a  great  discovery  &  despatched 
Arend  Corsen  from  New  Haven  i o  Holland  with  the  stuff.    But 


Gdd  and  Silver 

mines. 


n- 


t 

t 

-v 

V'^ 

« 

**   i 

1 

-   ,  » 

J. 

;  ♦ 

'  V 

:'.'>.■ 

,'.•1 

'^.^•,f 

!- 

••  ( 


■i 

■4 


»       .  ; 

"'I  ."' 


!■ 


'i  ! 


*,  ■  ■ 


'  p 


-*i. 


■".*. 


■  U 


«  in: 


11  i'c 


■  !'■     ''>M 


.    Or:  , 


1 

^ 

:^' 


118 


DESCRIPTION  or  NEW   NETHERLAND. 


Very  onrioui 
painting*. 


as  the  ship  never  made  its  appearance — which  was 
^^'*'^*^  also  the  Urte  subsequently  of  the  fly  boat,  the 
Princess  J  in  which  tiie  governor  was  a  passenger,  who  had  a 
supply  of  the  abovementioned  mineral,  all  further  explpration 
r*lvf».fi»€U  ceased.  The  natives  divided  into  various  tribes 
mutually  agree  iniespect  to  painting  their  bodies, 
shields,  war  clubs  and  the  lath  work  within  their 
huts.  For  this  they  use  colours  extracted  either  from  plants  or 
from  finely  crushed  stones.  The  principal  plant  is  not  unlike 
the  Orach  or  (Golden  herb,  except  that  the  stalk  has  many  shoots 
and  red-brown  berries ;  the  juice  of  which  collected  in  the  iimer 
bark  of  trees,  is  laid  in  the  sun  to  dry,  and  when  dried  is  preserved 
in  little  pouches.  The  inhabitants  temper  tlie  paint  with  water, 
and  then  streak  the  body ;  it  produces  tlie  most  beautiful  purple 
that  can  any  where  be  found.  Tlieir  pictures  represent  canoes, 
ij  ees  and  animals,  but  very  indifferently  executed.  Instead  of 
^  .  plumes  they  bedeck  theinselves  with  hair  tied  with 

Their  oruameiiU.     •»  ^  " 

nu^w:  -;       small  bands.    The  hair  is  of  a  scarlet  colour  and 

surprizing  brilliancy  which  is  permanent  and  inefiaceable  by 

.      : ,   rain.    The  horses  in  JN'eio  JS'etherland  are  brought 

Ilorsej.  »  /.  1  1  /. 

from  England  or  from  tlie  diocese  of  Utrecht ' . 
Those  from  the  bishopric  far  excel  the  English.  Both  are  subject 
to  a  curious  desease  whereof  many  die  within  a  few 
hours.  The  same  disease  attacks  homed  cattle  that 
are  pastured  on  new  grotmd.  But  hay  grown  in  salt  meadows 
is  found  to  be  a  remedy  against  this.  Hogs  fatten  exceedingly  in 
the  wcods ;  those  tied  on  IndiaU  corn  give  tlie  sweetest  pork. 
;  i  ;vw  Sheep,  thougli  very  thriving,  are  not  numerous, 
'  '*  '  ■  because  the  settlements  cannot  spaie  any  persons  to 
keep  watch  against  the  wolves.  Besides,  venison  is  so  abund- 
ant that  the  sheep  can  on  this  account  be  the  more  easily 
dispensed  w\th.  Fowls,-  turkeys,  geese,  ducks,  pigeons  and 
other  feathered  game  are,  also,  easily  obtained.  Lions,  whose 
skins  the  Indians  bring  to  market,  are  caught  on 
a  high  mountain,  situated  fifteen  days  journey  to 
.hicS   \.        tiie  southwest."     Here,  also,  are  many  pitch  black 

1  In  former  tiinos,  this  diocese  included  the  provinces  of  Overijsscl  and 
Utreoht.    See,  Martinet's  Bescliryvlng  der  Nederlanden,  ii.,  205,206 

2  Tliifl  animal  is  doubtless  the  Panther. — Ed. 


Their  disease. 


Lloii*. 


■  /'•• 


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Btui,  Iheir  dwh 
OMaiuwk. 


pledget  of 
a  tree,  cljn 
the  legs  aiK 
six  weeks  o 
their  paw. 


Very  nrange 
aiiimala. 


'*  * 


M. 


manes,  a  hoj 
wild  hog,  hh 
nesses ;  are  s 
the  female  es 
Then  they  laj 
is  past,  they ; 

Remarkable  elks.    ^ 
C 

constitute  a  m 
to  derive  theii 
because  they 
may  otlierwise 
witli  epilepsy, 
a  shaggy  neck 
season,  wide  a; 
hide,  wliich 
from  the  male 
be  easily  tame* 
the  dogs.    Th< 
wolf  dead  at  a 
nutritious;  th 

Deer.  " 

wolves  or  hunt 
themselves  to 
for  whilst  swim 
tlie  mountains 
dare  not,  conse 


DESCRIPTION  OF  NKW  NETHXRLAND. 


119 


Very  Mrange 
aiiimab. 


STrtiMkl'  *''*^b«»W)  "hy  of  nacDj  but  whiob,  when  attacked,  spring 
on  the  hunters ;  they  first  stop  the  wound  with  a 
pledget  of  leaves,  and  if  the  hunter,  meanwhile,  takes  refuge  in 
a  tree,  climb  after  and  above  him,  then  stick  the  head  between 
the  legs  and  fall  downward.  They  sleep  durir^  winter,  lying 
six  weeks  on  one  side  and  an  equal  time  on  the  other,  sucking 
their  paw.  A  cripple  bush  or  hollow  moimtain  serves  them 
for  a  sleeping  place.  On  the  borders  of  Canada 
animals  are  now  and  again  seen,  somewhat  resem- 
bling a  liorse;  fhey  have  cloven  hoofs,  shaggy 
manes,  a  horn  right  out  of  tHe*  forehead,  a  tail  like  that  of  the 
wild  hog,  black  eyes,  a  stag's  neck  &  love  the  gloomiest  wilder- 
nesses J  are  shy  of  eacli  other  so  that  the  male  never  feeds  with 
the  female  except  wlien  they  associate  for  purposes  of  increase. 
Then  they  lay  aside  their  ferocity ;  as  soon  as  the  rutting  season 
is  past,  they  again  not  only  become  wild  but  even  attack  their 
.    ..     own.    South  of  JSTeu)  JVetherland  are  found  numer- 

Remarkable  elks.  r.     .. 

ous  elks,  animals  which  accordmg  to  Erasmus  Stella 
constitute  a  middle  class  between  horses  and  deer.  They  appear 
to  derive  their  Dutch  appellation  (eelanden)  from  e/ende  (misery), 
because  they  die  of  the  smallest  wound,  however  strong  they 
may  otlierwise  be ;  also,  because  they  are  frequently  aflBicted 
with  epilepsy.  They  have  broad,  branching  horns,  a  short  tail, 
a  shaggy  neck,  variable  hair,  according  to  the  difference  of  the 
season,  wide  and  long  ears,  prominent  lips,  small  teeth,  a  thick 
hide,  which  cannot  be  easily  pierced.  The  females  separate 
from  the  males,  when  they  have  shed  their  horns.  Both  can 
be  easily  tamed.  When  hunted  they  spew  hot  water  out  on  the 
the  dogs.  They  possess  great  strength  of  hoof,  so  as  to  strike  a 
wolf  dead  at  a  blow.  Their  flesh,  either  fresh  or  salted,  is  very 
nutritious  ;  the  hoofs  cure  the  falling  sickness.  But  no  game 
1/  !<♦     is  more  abundant  here  than  deer,  which  browze 

Deer 

every  where  in  large  herds.  When  flying  before 
wolves  or  hunters  they  oft  times  head  towards  streams,  betake 
themselves  to  the  water,  where  they  are  taken  in  great  numbers, 
for  whilst  swimming  across  they  get  frightened  by  the  echo  from 
the  mountains  raised  by  the  hunters  on  the  opposite  bank  ;  they 
dare  not^jp^nsequently,  approach  land ;  meanwhile  th^  hunters 
•  IF!, 


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DESCRIPTIOM  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND. 


■'■'"*■      )| 


tie  branches  together,  bj  which  the  deer,  after  being  chased,  are 
sometimes  dragged  down.  JVeto  Keihtrland  also  produces  many 
muskcats,  especially  in  marshy  ground.  The  animals  h'c^  parti- 
cularly beautiful;  the  skin  by  its  black  spots  has  a  handsome 
appearance  ,  the  mouth  is  full  of  sharp  teeth,  the  tails  trail  lar 

behind.  Many  learned  men  dispute  respecting  the 
JwcUdl^'"""*'  civet,  namely,  whether  it  be  the  seed  of  the  civet 
\\sM\^  1  •  cat.  Cardantis  so  maintains,  but  he  is  thoroughly 
refuted  on  this  point  by  Julius  Scaliger  MatthioluSy  whose  opin- 
ions many  embrace  ;  he  afi&i-ms  the  civet  to  be  tlie  sweat  of  the 
cat,  inasmuch  as  it  was  gathered  most  plentifully  whenever  these 
animals,  wearied  by  excitement,  pant  lor  breath.  But  wliilst 
the  sweat  dropt  from  the  whole  body,  yet  as  it  did  not  impregnate 
the  whole  with  musk,  it  cannot  be  musk.  Others  consider  the 
civet  to  be  fui  secretion  of  tlie  cat.  These  divide  all  secretions 
into  unprofitable,  such  as  sweat,  pus,  excrement ;  or  into  useful, 
as  milk,  and  semen  for  production.  Civet  must  be  classed 
among  the  latter,  for  it  is,  probably,  nothing  more  than  a  secre- 
tion from  the  glands  in  the  vicinity  of  privy  parts,  generated  in 
the  same  way  a?  the  liver  secretes  the  blood ;  udders  and 
women's  breasts,  milk  ;  the  ears,  wax ;  and  adders  produce 
poison  between  their  fangs.  In  the  meantime  cats  are  embar- 
rassed with  their  civet,  whereof  they  rid  themselves  by  rubbing 
against  trees,  and  evince  friendship  for  those  who,  in  the  sheep- 
f'^ld,  rub  it  off  with  a  spoon.  But  in  addition  to  other  wild 
animals  JVew  JVetherland  furnishes,  according  to  the  occular 
evidence  of  Jidriam  van  der  Donk,  full  eighty  thousand  beavers 

a  year.    Pliuy  relates  how  these  animals  castrate 

themselves,  and  leave  these  parts  to  the  hunters, 
inasmuch  as  they  are  much  sought  after,  bein^  an  efi'ectual 
remedy  for  mania,  retention  of  the  afterbirth,  amenorrhoea,  diz- 
ziness, gout,  lameness,  belly  and  tooth  aches,  dullness  of  vision, 

poisoning  and  rheumatism.  But  Pliny  commits  a 
TerTrrrZk^b*'  g^^vc  crror ;  for  the  Beavers  have  very  small  testi- 
SJiaver?^  *'  cle8  fasteucd  in  such  a  manner  to  the  back  bone 
'  '  that  they  cannot  remove  them  except  with  life. 
Moreover,  they  live  in  the  water  and  on  land  together  in  troops,  in 
houses  built  of  "imber  over  a  running  stream .    The  houses  excite 


Pliny,  lib.  32  cap.  3. 


DUCRIFTIOM  OF  MEW  MrTHUlLAin). 


121 


*  DO  common  admiration ;  they  are  thus  constructed — the  Beavers 
first  collect  together  all  the  drift  wood  which  they  find  along  the 
river,  and  whenever  this  falls  short,  they  gnaw  away,  in  the  next 
adjoining  wood,  the  sweetest  bark  all  around  with  the  fcont  teeth, 
of  wliich  they  have  two  in  the  upper,  and  two  in  the  lower  gum, 
they  then  cut  right  around  the  trunk  until  the  tree  falls ;  when 
they  also  shorten  the  pieces  in  like  manner,  to  adapt  them  to  the 
proposed  building.  The  females  carry  the  pieces  on  the  back, 
the  males  support  it  behind  so  tliat  it  may  not  iall  off.  Tlie 
houses  rise  ingeniously  to  the  height  of  five  series;  they  are 
smeared  above  with  clay  to  protect  them  froi  rain  ;  in  the 

middle  is  a  convenieut  aperture  through  which  to  dive  into  the 
water  as  soon  as  they  perceive  any  person.  Wherefore,  one  of 
the  troop  keeps  watch  by  turns,  and  in  the  winter  a  second  keeps 
the  water  open  by  constant  beating  of  the  tail.  The  tail  is  flat- 
tish  without  hair,  and  most  dainty  food  which  tn  some  places  is 
served  up  as  a  rare  delicacy.  The  beavers  go  with  young  sixteen 
weeks  ;  they  bear  once  a  year  four  young,  which  cry  and  suck 
like  young  children ;  for  the  mother  rises  on  her  hind  paws  and 
gives  each  two  a  breast  as  she  has  only  two  breasts  between  the 
fore  legs  ;  these  legs  resemble  somewhat  those  of  the  dog  ;  the 
liindmost,  like  those  of  geese,  lap  in  some  measure  over  each 
other.  On  both  sides  of  the  privy  parts  lie  two  swellings 
enclosed  in  separate  membranes.  From  the  privy  parts  eozes 
an  oleaginous  humor,  with  wliich  they  smear  all  the  accessible 
parts  of  the  body  in  order  to  keep  dry.  Inwardly  they  resemble 
a  cut  up  hog  ;  they  live  on  leaves  and  bark  ;  are  excessively  at- 
tached to  their  young  ;  the  wind-hairs  which  rise  glittering  above 
the  back,  fall  off  in  the  summer,  and  grow  again  by  the  fall ;  they 
are  short  necked,  have  strong  sinews  and  muscles ;  move  rapidly 
in  the  water  and  on.  land  ;  attacked  by  men  or  dogs,  they  bite 
fiercely.  The  pure  Castor ,  so  higldy  prized  by 
physicians,  consists  of  oblong  follicles,  resembling 
a  wrinkled  pear  wliict  are  firmly  attached  to  the  os  pubis  of 
the  female  Leaver ;  the  Indians  cut  up  the  little  balls  of 
the  males  with  their  tobacco  as  they  afford  no  castor. 
The  air  of  New  Netherland  abounds  with  all  sorts  of  birds. 


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122 


DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND. 


Besides  falcon,  sparrow-hawks,  fish-hawks,  and 
KrtoinN.Neih.  ^^^^^^  biids  of  prey,  there  are  here  numbers  of 

Eagles  diifering  from  each  other ;  for  some  are 
greyish,  others  browner,  except  the  head,  neck,  tail  and  striking 
feathers,  which  are  of  a  snow  white  color.  All  have  a  strong 
body,  bones  without  marrow,  .claws  as  long  as  a  man's  finger, 
the  bill  strong  and  crooked,  the  brains  dry,  the  eyes  small  and 
hollow,  the  feathers  hard,  tlie  right  foot  bigger  than  the  left, 
both  ill-looking,  the  blood  gross,  the  excrements  highly  offen- 
sive.   They  build  their  nests  in  oM  groves  where  tlie  ground  is 

clear  of  underwood  ;  also  Iwside  water ;  as  tliey 
StM?'  *'''       feed  on  fish  and  devour  all  sorts  of  fowls,  and  even 

rabbits,  hares,  tortoises  and  other  lour  footed  game 
that  sleep  in  the  open  air ;  yea,  when  ahungered,  they  attack 
each  other.  Some  eagles  strike  tlieir  prey  at  mid-day,  others  at 
the  rising  of  the  Sun.  They  fall  like  lightning  on  the  game  they 
pursue,  as  the  blood  of  animals  serves  them  for  drink.  They 
a»e  excessively  lascivious,  so  that  they  go  together  more  than 
thirty  times  a  day,  not  only  with  their  own  kind,  but  even  with 
the  female  hawks  and  slie  wolves  {wolvinnen).  They  hatch  out 
the  large  eggs  in  thirty,  and  the  small  in  twenty  days.  They 
usually  breed  two  to  three  young,  whose  eyes  they  turn  towards 
•  the  sun's  rays.  If  these  regard  the  light  of  heaven  without 
blinking  they  bring  them  up,  otherwise,  those  that  cannot  stand 
such  a  test  are  drove  from  the  nest.  The  young,  as  soon  as  they 
begin  to  fly,  are  taken  up'  into  the  air  and,  left  there  to  them- 
selves, are  sustained  by  the  old  birds,  who  drive  them  away 
whenever  they  are-  fit  to  strike  at  game.  Their  sharp  sightedness 
is  most  remarkable,  for  lifted  up  in  the  clouds  far  beyond  the 
eye  of  man,  they  perceive  the  smallest  fish  in  the  river,  and  a 
skulking  hare  in  the  stubble.  Their  breath  stinks  badly,  where- 
fore the  carcasses  on  which  they  feed  rot  rapidly,  and  though 
lascivious  they  are  long  lived  :  they  die  mostly  of  hunger,  as 
the  bill  becomes  by  age  so  crooked  that  *they  cannot  open  any 
thing.  Whereupon  they  finally  fly  to  the  highest  regions 
towards  tlie  sim,  tumble  down  into  the  coldest  stream  ;  they 
pluck  out  their  feathers,  rlanmiy  with  sweat,  and  thus  breathe 
their  last.    But,  besides  the  ermmrrated  birds  of  prey,  there  is 


A  preily  little  biid. 


i^;  ^ 


DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  NETBERLAND. 


188 


Caiiov 
ftekm. 


aexe  an  innumerable  amount  of  herons,  bitterns,  ravens,  crows, 
owls,  swallows,  finches,  king  fishers,  hedge  sparrows,  woodcocks, 
pheasants  and  wrens.  The  wood  peckers  excel 
the  most  in  beautiful  plumage  and  crests.  These 
peck  large  holes  in  the  trees,  and  thus  make  a  noise 
as  of  wood  cutters  laboring  in  the  forest.  The  pigeons  fly  in 
such  flocks  that  the  Indians  designedly  remove  to 
PijeoM.  ^j^^.^   breeding  places,  where  the   young  birds, 

pushed  by  hundreds  from  their  nests,  serve  for  food  during  a 
long  month  for  the  whole  family.  J\rew  JVetherland  hath,  more- 
over, a  wonderful  little  bird,  scarcely  an  inch  long, 
quite  brilliant  of  plumage,  and  sucking  flowers  like 
the  bee ;  it  is  so  delicate  that  a  dash  of  water  instantly  kills  it, 
and  when  dried  it  is  preserved  as  a  curiosity.  But  this  country 
particularly  abounds  in  turkeys,  whose  number 
*"'"'*  excites  no  less  admiration  than  their  rich  flavour 

and  their  large  size  ;  for  they  go  together  in  flocks  of  thirty  and 
forty  :  they  weigh  some  thirty  and  more  pounds ;  they  are  sho^ 
or  are  caught  with  a  bait  concealing  the  hook.  The  waters 
here  swarm,  in  the  spring  and  fall,  with  swans,  geese,  wild  ducks, 
teals,  widgeons,  divers,  spoonbills  and  pelicans,  besides  another 
strange  species,  unknown  in  Europe.  The  streams  and  lakes, 
rich  with  fishes,  furnish  sturgeon,  salmon,  carp^ 


A  pretty  little  bird. 


Fiaha. 


bass,  pike,  roach,  bleak,  [N.  Y.  shiners  7]  all  sorts 
of  eel,  smelt,  sun  fish,  which  resembles  the  bull  head  in  taste, 
and  Uttle  codfish,  which  are  caught  near  water  falls.  The  sea 
provides  crabs,  both  hard  and  soft  shelled,  gurnets,  sea  horsesy 
seals,  codfish,  shell  fish,  whiting,  herring,  makerel,  thornbacks, 
plaice,  fiounders,  bream,  turtles  and  oysters,  some  a  foot  long 
containing  pearls,  but  few  of  a  brown  color.  Among  the  poison- 
ous reptiles  which  invest  JV'tJio  JVetherland  is  the  dreadful  rattle- 
snake. This  IS  variegated,  hath  a  thick  head,  four 
long,  sharp  fangs,  and  a  horny  tail  with  joints 
doubled  over  each  other,  more  or  less  according  to  age,  for  the 
tail  increases  one  joint  each  year.  The  shaking  of  the  tail 
causes  a  hideous  drumming  preliminary  to  its  biting.  The 
rattle-snake  then  opens  wide  its  jaws  ;  the  upper  one  is  arched 
and  hath  a  blue  membrance  doubled  over,  from  which  it  shoots 


Rutle  inake. 


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DESCRI!>TI0N  OF  ITEW  IVeTnEKLAim. 


Their  /bod. 


4l 


along  the  &ngs  a  deadly  poison.  A  person  wounded  by  this 
reptile  would  be  cured  with  difficulty,  did  the  ield  not  produce 
a  wholesome  antidote,  which  the  Indians  carry  constantly  with 

them.  Tliis  people  is  divided  into  divers  natioQs 
NSWerrSlnIter..aU  wcW  slmpcd  and  strong,  having  pitch-black  and 

lank  Iiair,  as  coarse  as  a  liorse^s  tail;  broad 
shoulders ;  small  waist ;  brown  eyes  and  snow  ivhite  teeth ;  they 
are  of  a  sallow  color  ;  abstemious  in  food  and  drink.    Water 

satisfies  their  thirst ;  high  and  low  make  Use  of 

Indian  corn  and  beans,  flesh  meat  and  fish  prepared 
all  alike.  The  crushed  corn  is  daily  boiled  to  a  pap  called  by 
them  sappaen.  They  observe  no  set  time  for  meals.  Whenever 
hunger  demands,  the  time  for  eating  arrives.  Beavers'  tails  are 
considered  tlie  most  savory  delicacy.  Whilst  hunting  they  live 
some  days  on  roasted  corn  carried  about  the  person  in  a  little  bag. 

A  little  corn  in  water  swells  to  a'large  mass.  Henry 
Sr'^ii"**'*""  Hudson  relates,  that  he  entered  the  river  Mmtainea 

in  the  latitude  of  forty  degrees  and  there  went 
ashore ;  the  Indians  made  strange  gambols  with  dancing  and 
singing ;  carried  arrows,  the  points  of  which  consisted  of  sharp 
stones,  fastened  to  the  wood  with  pitch  ;  they  sleep  under  the 
blue  sky  on  little  mats  of  platted  leaves  of  trees  j  suck  strong 
tobacco ;  are  friendly  but  very  thievish.  Hudson  sailed  up  thirty 
miles  higher  ;  went  into  a  canoe  with  an  old  in(2tan,achief  over 
forty  men  and  seventeen  women,  who  conducted  him  ashore. 
Thoy  all  abode  in  one  house  well  built  of  the  bark  of  oak  trees. 
Around  lay  drying  more  tlian  three  ship  loads  of  Indian  corn 
and  beans  ;  besides  the  crop  that  stood  luxuriantly  in  the  field. 
Hudson  scarcely  had  his  head  under  the  roof,  but  he  was  seated 
on  two  mats  spread  out  on  the  floor.  Two  men,  immediately 
had  orders  to  shoot  game.  In  the  twinkle  of  an  eye  these 
brought  in  pigeons  they  had  killed.  A  fat  dog  which  had  been 
very  expertly  skinned  with  sliells,  was  laid  also  on  the  flre. 
Other  preparations  were,  likewise  made  for  Hudson^s  good  enter- 
tainment, but  as  he  did  not  intend  to  pass  the  night  thei-e,  he 
did  not  profit  by  them ;  notwitlistanding  the  Indians  broke  their 
arrows  and  cast  them  into  the  fire  so  that  Hudson  may  rid  himself 


IV 


\  <; 


DESCRIPTION  OF   NEW  NETHKRLAMD. 


195 


.1 » 


•>! 


of  all  fear.  The  clothing  of  the  JV*«to  J^etherland&rs 
Orimt^J^  New  }g  iQogi;  sumptuous.  The  womeu  oraament  them- 
selves more  than  the  men.  And  although  the 
winters  are  very  severe,  they  go  naked  until  their  thirteenth 
year;  the  lower  part^  of  the  girls'  bodies  only  are  covered.  All 
wear  around  the  waist  a  girdle  made  of  the  fin  of  the  whale  or 
of  seawant.  The  men  wear  between  the  legs  a  lap  of  duffels 
cloth,  or  leather,  halt  an  ell  broad  and  nine  quarters  long ;  so 
that  a  square  piece  hangs  behind  over  the  buttocks  and  in  front 
over  the  belly.  The  women  wear  a  petticoat  down  midway  the 
leg,  very  richly  ornamented  with  seawant  so  that  the  garment 
sometimes  costs  three  hundred  guilders.  They  also  wrap  the 
naked  body  in  a  deer's  skin,  the  tips  of  which  swing  with  thin 
points.  A  long  robe  tastened  on  the  right  shoulder  with  a  knot, 
at  the  waist  by  a  girdle,  serves  the  men  and  Women  for  an  upper 
ornament,  and  by  night  for  a  bed  cover.  Both  go,  for  the  most 
part,  bare  headed.  The  women  bind  their  hair  behind  in  a 
plait,  over  which  they  draw  a  square  cap  thickly  interwoven 
with  seawant.  They  decorate  the  ornaments  for  the  forehead 
with  the  same  stu£f.  Around  the  neck  and  arms  they  wear 
bracelets  of  seawant,  and  some  around  the  waist.  Shoes  and 
stockhigs  were  made  of  Elk  hides  before  the  Hollanders  settled 
here.  Others  made  shoes  even  of  straw.  But  since  some  time 
they  prefer  Dutch  shoes  and  stockings.  The  men  paint  their 
faces  of  many  colors.  The  women  lay  on  a  black  spot 
only  here  and  there.  Both  are  uncommonly  faithful.  Their 
are  Ibr  the  most  part  built  after  one  plan : — thiey 
differ  only  in  the  greater  or  smaller  length  v  the 
breadth  is  invariably  twenty  feet.  The  following 
is  the  mode  of  construction.  They  set  various  hickory  poles  in 
the  ground  according  to  the  plan  of  the  size  of  the  building. 
The  tops  are  bent  together  above  in  the  form  of  a  gallery,  and 
throughout  the  length  of  these  bent  poles,  laths  are  fastened. 
The  walls  and  roof  are  then,  covered  with  the  bark  of  elm,  ash, 
and  chestnut  trees ;  the  bark  is  lapped  over  each  other  as  a 
protection  against  a  change  of  weather,  and  the  smooth  side  is 
turned  inward.  The  houses  lodge  fifteen  families  together,  more 
q;  less,  according  to  the  dimension^.    |}aoh  knows  its  pioporr 


iWr  hooMi. 


.it* 


\^] 


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,       . '    '•    '  i'     t*>c1 


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4 


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im 


DISCUFTION  OF  MCW   NETHE&LAND. 


i-t 


T  f     "i 


K!,       'p 


n«ir  fofti. 


tion.    Their  forts  stand  mostly  on  steep  mountains 

beside  a  stream  of  water.  Tlie  entiance  is  only  ou 
one  side.  Tliey  are  built  in  this  wise.  They  set  heavy  timbers 
in  the  ground,  with  oak  palisades  on  both  sides,  planted  cross- 
wise one  with  another.  They  join  timbers  again  between  the 
cross-trees,  to  strengthen  the  worlc.  WitlUn  tlie  enclosure  thev 
commonly  build  twenty  or  thirty  liouses,  some  of  whicli  arc  a 
hundred  and  eighty  feet  long,  some  less.  All  are  crammed  full 
of  people.  In  the  summer  they  set  up  huts  along  the  rivers  in 
R,moTi„g.         ^'^*^^  *^  P"""*  ^^''•"S.    In  the  winter  tliey  re. 

move  into  the  woods  to  be  convenient  to  tlie  liunt- 
ing  and  to  a  supply  of  iire-wood.  Plurality  of  wives  is  not  ju 
vogue  here,  except  among  the  Chiefs,  who  take  three  or  four  to 
themselves.  And  such  harmony  exists  among  these,  that  tliey 
Marriace  ^^  ukvev  at  variaucc.      Minors  do  not  marry 

except  with  the  advice  of- their  parents  or  friends' 
Widowers  and  widows  follow  their  own  inclinations:  regard  is 
only  had  to  each  other's  condition  and  children.  The  bride- 
groom must  make  a  present  to  the  bride.    On  the  slightest  mis 

understanding,  the  wife,  paid  right  off,  is  put  by 

the  husband  out  of  doors,  and  she  marries  another. 
Thus  some  of  them  have  a  ff^sh  wife^  every  year.  In  cases  of 
separation,  the  children  follow  the  mother,  after  whom  the  off 
spring  also  are  called.    They  consider  adultery,  especially  if 

Gonmiitted  in  the  open  air,  to  be  sinful.  Fornica- 
KftlJSr  tion,  however,  is  lawlUl  for  young  women,  provided 
commenda  e.  .^  ^  ^^^  moucy.  Whcrefore,  no  person  objects  to 
marry  such  persons.  Yea,  the  married  boast  of  the  numbers 
they  slept  with  whilst  unmarried.  •  Whoever  is  inclined  to 
marry,  covers  the  whole  body,  and  thus  bemopped  sits  on  the 

way  side.  A  passer  by  ere  long  releases  '  the  pig 
^;n.:'  '»  tb«  ^^^'     When  pregn.int,  the  woman  takes 

great  heed,  in  order  that  the  embryo  may  not  be 
injured.  On  the  approach  of  the  birth  of  the  child,  which  she 
precisely  knows,  she  retires  to  a  lonely  place  in  the  woods,  even 
in  the  severest  cold,  erects  a  hut  of  mats,  separates  the  child  with- 
out any  one's  aid,  washes  it  in  the  water,  and  wraps  it  around 
with  matting.    In  a  few  days  she  tiirns  homeward,  and  brings 


KfOKt- 


DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW   NETHERLAND. 


•137 


da  gnokling  carefhlly  up;  a  child  is  never  put  out  to  nurse. 
^  long  as  a  woman  suckles,  or  is  pregnant,  she  admits  of  no 
oonnection.  The  catamenia  do  not  appear.  In  sickness  they 
aie  very  faithful  to  each  other.    The  next  of  kin  closes  the  eyes 

of  the  deceased.  After  being  waked  for  a  few  days, 
ff^^    they  are  thus  interred.    The  body  hath  a  stone 

under  the  head;  it  is  placed  in  a  sitting  posture; 
they  place  beside  it  a  pot,  kettle,  a  platter,  spoon,  money,  and 
provisions,  to  be  made  use  of  in  the  other  world.  They  then 
gtow  wood  all  around,  which  they  cover  with  planks;  on  the 
planks,  which  are  covered  with  earth  and  stones,  palisades  are 
fastened  in  such  a  manner  that  the  tomb  resembles  a  little  house, 
to  which  they  pay  divine  reverence;  wheretbre  they  consider  it 
a  great  profanation  to  violate  such  places.-  The  men  make  no 
noise  over  the  dead,  but  the  women  carry  on  uncommonly;  they 
strike  their  breasts,  tear  their  faces,  call  the  name  of  the  de- 
ceased day  and  night.  "  *^ 
The  mothers  make  the  loudest  lamentations  on  the  death  of  their 

sons  They  cut  off  their  hair,  which  they  bum  on 
^mdiwfor  the  the  gravc  in  the  presence  of  all  the  relatives.  Wives 
'^  do  the  same  on  the  death  of  their  husbands,  in 

addition  to  painting  the  face  pitch  black  ;  and  thus  in  a  deer 
skin  jerkin  they  mourn  the  dead  a  whole  year,  notwithstanding 
they  sometimes  lived  unhappily  together.  On  some  occasions 
ihey  have  meetings  for. devil- worship.    Here  conjurors  act  a 

wonderful  part.  These  tumble,  with  strange  con- 
SffiijiSSS!"  tortious,  head  over  heels ;  beat  themselves,  leap, 

with  a  hideous  noise,  through  and  around  a  large 
ilre.  Finally,  they  all  raise  a  tremendous  caterwauling,  when 
the  devil  (as  they  say)  appears  in  the  shape  of  a  ravenous  or 
harmless  animal :  the  first  betokens  something  bad ;  the  other 
good :  both  give  information  respecting  coining  events ;  but 
pbscurely,  which  they  attribute  to  their  own  ignorance,  not 
pderstanding  the  Devil's, right  meaning  when  matters  turn  out 
di£ferently.    They,  moreover,  bewitch  some  in  such 

wise  that  they  foam  at  the  mouth,  throw  themselves 

in  the  ilre  and  smite  themselves  unmercifully ;  and 
as  soon  as  they  whisper  any  words  iii  the  ear  of  the  bewitched 


iadoftheb*. 


*'    J   ' 


!■  = 


■\* 


I' 


■■.-   i'..: 


•.'1      , ' 


■■>    '..■J 


•■>'?> 


{ ■  ^ 


#f' 


'     '  '  1  i 


-I 


.:  i  v.-  ■  .1 
(  ■  , 


198 


IME8CBIPTION  OF    KEW   ]IKTHBU.A]n>. 


IF  ^X 


K 


r 


Hi  •  ■ 


t 


KMwant. 


the  enchantment  ceases.  The  language  of  this 
^£!S^1^^jL.  people  is  very  various,  but  they  can  be  classed  into 
four  principal  tongues,  namely,  Mahatansy  Wappa- 
MOO,  StavoHOOy  and  Mmquau  ;  they  are  very  difiicnlt  for  strang«i-s 
to  learn,  as  they  are  spoken  without  any  principles.  Their 
money  consists  of  zeawant,  [wamptim]  w])ich  is 
nothing  more  than  the  inside  little  pillars  of  the 
conckshells,  which  the  sea  casts  up  twice  a  year.  These  pillars 
they  polish  smooth  ;  drill  a  hole  through  the  centre  ;  reduce  it 
to  a  certain  size,  and  string  the  pieces  on  threads.  The  strings 
fill  the  place  of  gold,  silver  and  copper  coin.  Great  faults,  as 
well  as  virtues,  are  remarked  in  the  inhabitants  • 
SXtaJdll^'*'"''  l<>i-  besides  being  slovenly  and  slothful,  they  are 
also  found  to  be  thievish,  head-strong,  greedy  and 
vindictive.  In  other  respects  they  are  grave,  chary  of  speech, 
which,  after  mature  consideration,  is  slowly  uttered  and  long 
remembered.  The  understanding  being  somewhat  shaipened 
by  the  Hollandersy  they  evince  sufficient  ability  to  distinguish 
carefully  good  from  evil.  They  will  not  suffer  any  imposition. 
No  wise  disposed  to  gluttony,  they  are  able  patiently  to  endure 
cold,  heat,  hunger  and  thirst.  They  are  remarkably  addicted 
to  the  use  of  sweating  baths,  made  of  earth  and 
^'"^  *  *  lined  with  clay.  A  small  door  serves  as  an  entrance. 
The  patient  creeps  in,  seats  himself  down,  and  places  heated 
stones  around  the  sides.  Whenever  he  hath  sweated  a  certain 
time,  he  immerses  himself  suddenly  in  cold  water ;  from  which 
he  derives  great  security  against  all  sorts  of  sickness.  Though 
this  people  do  not  make  such  a  distinction  between  man  and 
jfaan  as  other  nations,  yet  they  have  high  and  low  fiimilies ;  infe- 
rior and  superior  chiefs,  whose  authority  remains  hereditarily 
in  the  houses.  The  military  offices  are  disposed  of  only  accord- 
ing to  the  valorous  prowess  of  each  person.  The  commander 
does  not  divide  his  soldiers  into  regiments,  compa- 
nies or  files,  but  leads  them  on  merely  to  overreacli 
the  enemy  from  an  ambuscade.  €'hey  undertake  the  most  of 
their  expeditions  in  the  night.  They  do  not  maintain  their 
position  long  against  a  sudden  onslaught,  unless  surrounded, 
then  they  fight  to  the  last  man.    Whenever  they  anticipate  any 


Modeof  ««. 


danger,  th( 
place.    Th< 

WiMpMM. 

body  up  to 
headfiom  t 
The  face  is : 


Ranurkabla  tmt. 
tMnlof  priMMun. 


thus  to  recn 
pat  to  death 
some  person 
conquered  pfl 
up  the  ghost. 

Ltwi. 

} 

wicked  acts  a 
discovered,  u 

Otilhpaniihiaeiu. 

i 
But  if  he  aver 
relative  of  the 

Negotittiani  and 
trMtiat  of  peace,     a 

a 
proposals.  If 
ills  presents  at 
the  presents, 
during  three  d 
is  firmly  concli 
matter,  unless 
ei 

Pnblio  conneilf .      ,. 

bl 
that  the  saeh 
been  conclndec 
to  render  the  d 


Vol. 


IV. 


'^f\] 


DBSCRIPTIOir  OF  NEW  METBBBIiAKB. 


id9 


Uwi. 


jADger,  the  women  and  children  are  placed  in  a  secure  hiding 
place.    Their  weapons  used  formerly  to  be  the  arrow,  boW  and 
war  club.    They  now  use  the  snap-haunce  at  which 
^*'***  they  are  very  expert.    A  square  shield  covers  the 

body  up  to  the  shoulders.    A  snake  skin  is  tied  around  the 
head  fiom  the  centre  of  which  sticks  up  a  fox's  or  bear's  tail. 
The  fiuje  is  not  recognizable  on  account  of  its  variety  of  colon. 
Prisoners'  lives  are  rarely  spared,  unless  that  of 
22!rf^£mS!Ir  women  and  children,  who  are  treated  by  the  con- 
querors in  the  same  manner  as  their  own,  in  order 
thus  to  recruit  their  numbers.    If,  however,  a  prisoner  be  not 
put  to  death  immediately  after  the  battle,  but  handed  over  to 
some  person  whose  relative  had  been  formerly  killed  by  the 
conquered  party,  he  is  roasted  three  days  long  before  he  gives 
up  tiie  ghost.    It  excites  uncommon  admiration  if  the  sufferer 
constantly  sing  in  the  midst  of  his  torture.    Not- 
withstanding   misdemeanors   are    not   punished, 
wicked  acts  are  of  rare  occurrence.    Stolen  property,  whenever 
discovered,  is  ordered  by  the  Chief  to  be  restored.    The  next 
of  kin  of  the  murdered  man  may  kill  the  murderer, 

DMthpuiiahment. 

if  he  overtake  him  within  four  and  twenty  hours. 
But  if  he  avenge  himself  later,  he  is  subject  to' be  slain  by  the 
relative  of  the*  second  victim,  within  the  limit  of  the  stated  time. 
All  obligations  acquire  their  force  ^on^  the  accept- 
SSTISJm!^  anc«  of  presents.  They  proceed  thus  :  They  take 
as  many  little  sticks  as  there  are  conditions  in  theiir 
proposals.  If  they  agree  on  all,  each  party,  at  the  conclusion,  lays 
jiis  presents  at  the  feet  of  the  other.  They  sometimes  hang  up 
the  presents.  Whilst  they  deliberate  earnestly  on  the  proposal 
during  three  days.  If  the  present  be  accepted,  the  negotiation 
is  firmly  concluded ;  but  if  not,  they  proceed  no  further  ii>  the 
matter,  unless  the  applicant  change  the  conditions  apd  the  pres- 
ent. On  occasions  of  importance,  a  general  assem- 
pnbue  oonnaiii.  ^^y  jg  |ield  at  the  housc  of  ouc  of  the  chiefii;  in  order 
that  the  sachems  there  assembled,  may  explain  what  has 
been  concluded.  Then  the  most  eloquent  rises  and  endeavours 
to  render  the  determination  popular  with  the  mas.<^es.    It  some- 


m 


■i?i;,' 


«•    1 


A 


i 


V 


'.;'< 


'■  *  I*       '  .!  J' 


:i 


\n 


■f '} 


A 


-#¥    «.  • 


Vol.  IV. 


r%i 


I 


lao 


DKSGEIPTION  OF  MEW   Nl.THERLAND. 


times  happens  that  a  ringleader  wili  admit  of  no  reasonina 
whereupon  some  of  the  chiefs  strikes  the  mutineer  on  the  head 
with  an  axe.      No  one   is  so  bold  as  to  dare  to  mutter  a 

word  in  such  a  case.  No  trace  of  divine  worslijn 
wonkip  can  hardly  be  discovered  here.    Only  they  ascribe 

great  influence  to  tlie  moon  over  t)ie  cix>ps.  The 
Sun,  as  all  seeing,  is  taken  to  witness  as  often  as  they  take  oit 

oath.  They  pay  great  reverence  to  the  Devil,  be- 
DeviiwonhiiK      oausc  they   fear    great  trouble    from    him  wheu 

hunting  and  iishing  :  wherefora  the  first  fruits  of 
the  chase  is  burnt  in  liis  honor,  so  that  they  may  not  receive 
injury.    If  they  experience  pain  in  any  part,  they  say~yi  Dew/ 

lurks  in  there.  They  fully  acknowledge  that  a 
2£*nto(,?f'' '•'"  God  dwells  beyond  the  stars,  who,  however,  gives 

himself  no  concern  about  the  doings  of  Devils  on 
earth  :  because  he  is  constantly  occupied  with  a  beautiful  God- 
dess, whose  origin  is  unknown.  She  once  came  down  ironi 
heaven  into  the  water  (for  before  the  creation  all  was  water,) 
and  would  have  sunk,  unless  land  had  suddenly  bubbled  up 

under  her  feet.  The  land  waxed  bigger,  so  that 
Afijiwof^h^       erelong    a  whole    globe  was   perceptible,  wliich 

quickly  produced  all  sorts  of  vegetables  and  trees. 
Nfeanwhile,  the  goddess  brought  forth  a  deer,  bear  and  wolf, 
and  again  cohabited  with  these  animals :  She  thus  became 
pregnant,  and  lay  in  of  divers  sorts  of  creatures  at  one  birth. 
From  this  arises  the  variety  not  only  of  animals,  but  also  of  men, 
which  in  color  are  either  black,  white  or  sallow  ;  in  disposition 
either  timid  as  the  deer,  revengeful  as  bears  or  rapacious  as 
wolves.  After  she  had  thus  acted  the  Universal  mother  re- 
turned up  to  Heaven,  where  she  enjoys  perfect  bliss  with  the 
Sovereign  Lord,  whom  they  know  not  nor  eve^  saw ;  wherefore 
they  will  be  held  less  responsible  than  the  Christiaiis ;  pretend- 
ing to  acknowledge  him  a  punisher  of  all  wicked  deeds  which 
they  commit  notwithstanding,  and  it  is  with  more  difficulty  that 
they  can  be  brought  from  these  adopted  vices  to  Christianity. 

Regarding  the  souls  of  the  Dead,  they  believe: 

that  those  wiio  have  done  good  enjoy  every  sort 

pf  pleasure  in  a  temperate  country  to  the  South, 


Belief  reguiUnff 
the  Mill. 


H 


.11  .&1 


DUCRIFTIOlf  OF  NEW   NVrHBRLAVD. 


ISl 


where  the  bad  wander  about  in  misery.    They  believe  the  loud 
bowlings  which  wild  animals  make  at  night,  to  be  the  wailings 
ofthe  ghosts  of  wicked  bodies.'    .     • 
The  fertility  and  situation  of  JVeto  J^etherland  induced  the 

Burgomasters  of  Amsterdam  to  send  a  colony 
£tti^.  thither.     Wherefore  they  agreed  with  the  West 

India  Company  with  the  approbation  of  the  States 
General  at  the  Hague.  In  the  year  sixteen  himdred  and  fifty 
six,  they  shipped  accordingly  over  to  JVeto  J^etherland  seventy 
fomilies,  to  which  they  added  three  hundred  Walderuet  who 
had  been  driven  out  of  Piedmont.  These  embarked  on  the 
fifteenth  of  December  by  beat  of  drum. '  Colonization  prospered . 
Meanwhile,  when  the  war  between  the  English  crown  and  the  Uni- 
ted Netherlands  broke  out,  the  Dutch  found  themselves,  after  ten 
years  possession,  so  powerless  against  the  English  that  they  sur- 
rendered to  this  nation.  JVeio  Jimsterdam  obtained  consequently 
the  name  of  Jfew  York.  The  conquered  inhabitants  experienced 
great  inconvenience  inasmuch  as  Trade  was  suddenly  brought 

to  a  stand. 

•^< • 

FIRST  EJflGIlANTS  TO  NEW  NETHERLAND, 

[  From  Baadartiiu.  ] 

Inasmuch  as  the  multitude  of  people,  not  only  natives  but 
foreigners,  who  are  seeking  a  livelihood  in  the  United  Provinces  is 
vepy  great,  so  that  where  one  stiver  is  to  be  earned  there  are  ten 
hands  ready  to  seize  it,  especially  in  Holland  which  is  the 
reservoir  of  divers  kingdoms  and  countries.  Many  are  obliged, 
on  this  a^unt,  to  go  in  search  of  other  lands  and  residences 
where  they  can  obtain  a  living  more  easily  aud  at  less  expense. 
Accordingly,  in  the  year  1624,  as  in  previous  years,  divers 
fiunilies  went  from  Holland  to  Virginia  in  the  West  Indies,  a 
great  portion  of  them  being  English,  called  Brownists,  whom 
King  James  will  not  permit  nor  suffer  to  live  in  his  land,  because 
they  hold  and  maintain  divers  points  of  religion  improbated  by 
the  present  church  of  England. 

1  The  preceding  part  of  this  article  seems  to  have  been  borrowed  from  Van 
dor  Doncli's  Be$chryving  van  Nieuto  Nederlandt,  published  in  Holland  In 
1666.    Ed. 

2  They  settled  in  what  is  now  the  St«t9  of  Pelfiware.    Ed. 


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A  ihlp  UTived  in  August  fnm  that  part  of  VirgiQia  callid 
New  Nethwland,  which  had  oonveyed  aome  fbrniliet  from  Holland 
thither.  This  vessel  brings  many  and  various  letters  ittia 
private  individuals,  each  written  to  friends  and  aoquaintaices 
whereof  this  is  mostly  the  tenor — 

**  We  were  much  gratiiied  on  arriving  in  this  country  •  Here 
we  found  beautifhl  rivers,  bubbling  fountains  flowing  down  into 
the  valleys  ;  basins  of  running  waters  in  the  flatlands,  agreeable, 
fruits  in  the  woods,  sucli  as  strawberries,  pigeon  berries,  waiiaits 
and  also  voor  labnatm  or  wild  grapes.  The  woods  al)ound  with 
acorns  for  feeding  hogs,  and  with  venison.  There  is  considenthle 
flsh  in  the  rivers ;  good  tillage  land  ;  here  is,  especially,  fi^e 
coming  and  going,  without  .fear  of  the  naked  natives  of  the 
country.  Had  we  cows,  hogs,  and  other  cattle  fit  for  food 
(which  we  daily  expect  in  the  first  ships)  we  would  not  wisli  to 
return  to  Holland,  for  whatever  we  desire  in  the  paradise  of 
Holland,  is  here  to  be  found.  If  you  will  come  hither  witii  your 
&mily,  you  will  not  regret  it.*' 

This  and  similar  letters  have  roused  and  stimulated  many  to 
resolve  to  emigrate  thither  with  their  families,  in  tlie  hope  of 
being  aUe  to  can}  a  handsome  livelihood,  strongly  &ncying  that 
they  will  live  there  in  luxury  and  ease,  whilst  here  on  the  con- 
trary, they  must  earn  their  bread  by  the  sweat  of  their  brow. 
Baudartius'  Gedenkwaardige  Geschiedenissen  zo  kerkelyke  als 
wereldlyke.    2  vols.  fol.  Arnhem.  1624. 

We  translate  the  above  from  the  Sheboygan  Jfieuwsbode  o{  15 
Sept.  1851.  Guliehuus  Baudartius  (or  Baudart)  the  author  of 
the  work  firom  which  it  is  borrowed,  was  Minister  at  Zutphen 
for  a  period  of  thirty  six  years.  He  was  originally  a  native  of 
Deinse  in  Flanders,  and  was  selected  at  the  Synod  of  Dort  as  one 
of  the  translators  of  the  Old  Testament — so  great  was  his 
reputation  as  a  Hebrew  Scholar.  He  died  at  Zutphen  in  1640, 
at  the  age  of  66  years.  A  list  of  his  works  will  be  found  in  the 
Biog.  Universelle ;  Biog.  Diet.  Watts  &c.  The  Gedenkwaardige 
'Geschiedenissen^  or  Remarkable  ecclesiastical  and  political  Events, 
from  1603  to  1624,  is  represented  as  a  sort  of  Supplement  to  Van 
ri^eteren's  History.    Ed. 


-J  <. 


vn. 


TBIAI  FOR  WITCHCRAFT. 

[Oonrt  of  AmIm  Book.] 


^P|» 


At  y*  Court  of  Assizes  held  in  New  Tork^ 
•  y«  2d  day  of  October  1665  &o. 

Th9  Tryall  of  Balpli  Hall  and  Mary  his  wife,  upon  suspicion 
of  Witchcraft. 
The  names  of  the  Persons  who  serv^  on  the  Grand  Jury. 
Thomas  Bakef)  fforeman  of  y*  Jury,  of  East  Hampton. 
Cap*  John  Symonds  of  Hempsteed. 
M'Hallet  ?*      , 

Anthony  Waters  ]  *«^** 
Thomas  Wandall  of  Marshpath  KiUs. 
M' Nicolls  of  Stamford 
Balthazerde  Haart 
John  Garland 


Jacob  Leisler 
Anthonio  de  Mill 
Alexander  Munro 
Thomas  Searle 


of  New  Torke. 


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biftg  Sifj 

The  Prisoners  being  brought  to  the  Barr  by  Allard  Anthony, 
Sheriflfe  of  New  Torke,  fhis  following  Indictm*  was  read,  first 
agamst  Ralph  Hal]  and  then  ag«t  Mary  liis  wife,  mn^. 

The  Constable  and  Overseers  of  the  fowne  of  Seatallcott,  in 
the  East  Riding  of  Yorkshire  Upon  Long  Island,  Do  Present  for 
our  SoVeraigne  Lord  the  lOng,  That  Ralph  Hall  of  iSeatallcott 
aforesaid,  upon  y«  2S*  day  of  December  j  being  Christmas  day 
last,  was  Twelve  Monthes,  in  the  15^  yeare  of  the  Raigne  of  our 
SoyehUgne  Lord,  Chdrles  y*  Se<k>nd)  by  the  Grace  of  God,  King 


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TRIAL    FOR   WITCHCRAFT. 


of  England,  Scotland,  ifrance  and  Ireland,  Defender  of  theffaith 
&c,  and  severall  other  dayes  and  times  since  that  day,  by  some 
detestable  and  wicked  Arts,  commonly  called  Witchcraft  and 
Sorcery,  did  (as  is  suspected)  maliciously  and  feloniously,  prac- 
tice and  E'xercise  at  tlie  said  towne  of  Seatalcott  in  the  East 
Biding  of  Yorkshire  on  Long  Island  aforesaid,  on  the  Person  of 
George  Wood,  late  of  the  same  place  by  w^"*  wicked  and  detesta- 
ble Arts,  the  said  George  Wood  (as  is  suspected)  most  dangerously 
and  mortally  sickned  and  languished.  And  not  long  after  by  the 
aforesaid  wicked  and  detestable  Arts,  the  said  George  Wood  (as 
is  likewise  suspected)  dyed. 

Moreover,  The  Constable  and  overseers  of  the  said  Towne  of 
Seatalcott,  in  the  East  Riding  of  Yorkshire  upon  Long  Isltmd 
aforesaid,  do  furthet  Present  for  our  Soveraigne  Lord  the  King, 
That  some  while  after  the  death  of  the  aforesaid  George  Wood, 
The  said  Ralph  Hall  did  (as  is  suspected)  divers  times  by  y« 
like  wicked  and  detestable  Arts,  comonly  called  Withcraft  and 
Sorcery,  Maliciously  tind  feloniously  practise  and  Exercise  at 
the  said  Towne  of  Seatalcott,  in  the  East  Riding  of  Yorkshire 
upon  Long  Island  aforesaid,  on  the  Person  of  an  Infant  Childe 
of  Ann  Rogers,  widdow  of  y*  aforesaid  George  Wood  deceased, 
by  w**  wicked  and  detestaUe  Arts,  the  said  Infant  Childe  (as  is 
suspected)  most  dangerously  &  mortally  sickned  and  languished, 
and  not  long  after  by  the  said  Wicked  and  detestable  Arts  (as 
is  likewise  suspected)  dyed.  And  so  y«  said  Constable  and  Over- 
seers do  Present,  That  the  said  George  Wood,  and  the  s**  Infante 
8«*  Childe  by  the  wayes  and  meanes  aforesaid,  most  wickedly 
maliciously  and  feloniously  were  (as  is  suspected)  murdered  by 
the  said  Ralph  Hall  at  the  times  and  places  aforesaid,  ag't  y< 
Peace  of  Our  Soveraigne  Lord  j*  King  and  against  the  Laws  of 
this  Government  in  such  Cases  Provided. 

The  like  Indiptm^  was  read,  against  Mary  the  wife  of  Ralph 
Hall. 

There  upon,  severall  Depositions,  accusing  y*  Prison"  of  y" 
feet  for  which  they  were  endicted  were  read,  but  no  witnesse 
appeared  to  give  Testimony  in  Court  viye  voce. 

Then  the  Clarke  calling  upon  Ralph  Hall,  bad  him  hold  up 
his  hand,  and  read  as  followes.     ,  ,^,  -,  .», n.ti  ^ .- 1  -  <  r.iijH'"^- 


TRIAL  FOR  WITCHCRAFT. 


135 


Ralph  Hall  thou  standest  here  indicted,  for  that  having  not 
ytfeare  of  God  before  thine  eyes.  Thou  did'st  upon  the  25*1' 
day  of  December,  being  Christmas  day  last  was  12  Moneths,  &dd 
at  seu'all  other  times  since,  as  is  suspected,  by  some  wicked  and 
detestable  Arts,  com(aonly  called  witchcraft  and  Sorcery,  mali- 
ciously and  feloniously  practice  and  Exercise,  upon  the  Bodyes 
of  Geoi^e  Wood,  and  an  Infant  Childe  of  Ann  Rogers,  by 
ffbich  said  Arts,  the  said  George  Wood  and  the  Infant  Childe 
(as  is  suspected)  most  dangerously  and  mortally  fell  sick,  and 
languisht  unto  death.  Ralph  Hall,  what  dost  thou  say  for  thy- 
selfe,  art  thou  guilty,  or  not  guilty  1 

Mary  the  wife  of  Ralph  Hall  was  called  upon  in  like  maimer. 

They  both  Pleaded  not  guilty  and  threw  themselves  to  bee 
Tryed  by  God  and  the  Country. 

Where  upon,  their  Case  was  referred  to  y»  Jury,  who  brought 
in  to  the  Court,  this  following  verdict  vizt. 

Wee  having  seriously  considered  the  Case  committed  to  our 
Ciiarge,  against  y*  Prison"  at  the  Barr,  and  having  well  weighed 
y<  Evidence,  wee  finde  that  there  are  some  suspitions  by  the 
Evidence,  of  what  the  woman  is  Charged  with,  but  nothing  con- 
siderable of  value  to  take  away  her  life.  But  in  reference  to 
the  man  wee  finde  nothing  considerable  to  charge  him  with. 

The  Court  there  upon,  gave  this  sentence.  That  the  man  should 
bee  bound  Body  and  Goods  for  his  wives  Apperance,  at  the 
next  Sessions,  and  soon  from  Sessions  to  Sessions  as  long  as  they 
stay  w^^in  this  Government,  In  the  meane  while,  to  bee  of  ye 
good  Behavio'  So  they  were  return'd  into  the  Sheriffs  Custody, 
and  upon  Entring  into  a  Recognizance,  according  to  the  Sen- 
tence of  the  Court,  they  were  released. 

[Orders  "Warrants  I^etters,  II.]  ^ 

A  Release  to  Ralph  Hall  &  Mary  his  wife  from 
y<^  Recognizance  they  entred  into  at  the  Assizes. 

These  Are  to  Certify  all  whom  it  may  Concerne  That  Ralph 
Hall  &  Mary  his  wife  (at  present  living  upon  Great  Minifords 
Island)  are  hereby  rele^ed  &  acquitted  from  any  &  all  Recogni- 
zances, bonds  of  appearance  or  oth'  obligations-^ntred  into  by 
them  or  either  of  them  for  the  peace  or  good  behavio'  upon 


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\ 


136 


TBIAL  FOR  wncHCKArr. 


aijconnt  of  any  accusatioa  or  Indiotem^  upon  siMpition  of  Witch 
Craft  brought  into  the  €!ot  of  Assizes  against  thetti  in  th«  year 
1665.  There  haneying  beene  no  direct  prooies  nor  lurth'  pro. 
secucon  of  them  or  eith'  of  them  since — Oinen  und'  my  hand  at 
Fort  James  in  New  Yorke  this  2iu>  day  of  August  1668. 

R.  NICOLLS. 

[Court  of  Assize  Book.J 

An  Ord'  for  Katherlne  Harrison  to  Remove  from 

Westchest'. 
Whereas  Complaint  hath  beene  made  unto  me  by  y«  Inhabit- 
ants of  Westchestf  ag*  Katherine  Harrison  late  of  WethersfeiJd 
in  his  Ma*'e»  Colony  of  Connecticott  wlddow.  That  contrary  to 
y«  consent  &  good  liking  of  y*  Towne  she  would  settle  amongst 
them  &  she  being  reputed  to  be  a  person  lyeing  und'  j*  siippo- 
sicon  of  Witchcraft  hath  given  some  cause  of  apprehension  to  y« 
Inhabitahts  there,  To  y*  end  their  Jealousyes  &  feares  as  to  this 
P|erticuler  may  be  removed,  I  have  thought  fitt  to  ord'  &  appoint 
that  J*  Constable  &  Overseers  of  y«  Towne  of  Westchest'  do 
giue  warning  to  y«  said  Katherine  Harrison  to  remove  out  of 
their  p'cinets  in  some  short  tyme  after  notice  giuen,  and  they 
are  likewise  to  admonish  her  to  retorne  to  y*  place  of  her 
former  abode,  that  they  nor  their  neighbours  may  receive  no 
further  disturbance  by  hel*)  Given  und'  my  hand  at  ffort  James 
in  New  Yorke  this  7t»»  day  of  Julyj  1670. 

An  Ord'  for  Katherine  Harrison  &  Capt"  Richard 
Panton  to  appeare  at  y*  ffort  before  y*  Govemo'. 

Whereas  Complaint  hath  beene  made  unto  me  by  y«  Inha- 
bitants of  Westchest'  ag*  Katherine  Harrison  widdow  That  she 
doth  neglect  to  refiise  or  obey  my  late  Ord'  concerning  her 
removail  otit<^y*  said  Towne,  iliese  are' to  require  yon  that  yo" 
gire  notice  unto  the  said  Katherine  Harrison  as  also  unto  Capt" 
Richard  Panton  at  whose  hotise  she  tesydeth,  That  they  make 
their  personal!  appearance  bffbrerae  in  this  place  on  Wednesday 
next  being  y*  24^^  of  this  tfistant  ttiontli,  when  those  of  y*' 
Towne  that  have  ought  to  object  ag*  them  doe  likewise  attend, 


TRIA);  fOA  WITCHCBArr. 


187 


f  here  I  sball  edeavo'  a  Composure  of  this  di£ference  bettCeene 
tiieiii.    Given  und'  my  liand  at  ffort  James  in  New  Torke  this 
20ik  day  of  August  1670. 
To  y*  Constable  of  Westobest^ 

A  warrant  to  y*  Constable  of  Westchest'  to  take 
•  an  Account  of  y«  Goods  of  Katherine  Harrison. 
These  are  to  require  yo^  to  take  an  Account  of  such  Goods  as 
haue  lately  beene  brought  from  out  of  his  Ma*>««  Colony  of  Con- 
nectioott  unto  Katherine  Harrison  &  having,  taken  a  note  of  y* 
pticulers  that  yon  retorne  y^  same  unto  me  for  y«  doeing  where- 
of this  shall  be  yo>r  warrant.  Given  und'  my  hand  at  ffort  James 
in  New  Yorke  this  25*>>  day  of  August  1670. 


To  y"  {>'sent  Constable  of  Westchester. 


An  Ord'  concerning  Katiierine  Hanison. 
Whereas  seuerall  Adresses  haue  beene  made  unto  me  by  some 
of  y«  Inhabitants  of  Westchest'  on  behalfe  of  y«  rest  desiring  that 
Katherine  Harrison  late  of  Wethersfeild  in  his  Mat>«»  Colony  of 
Connecticott  widdow  at  p'sent  residing  in  their  Towne  may  be 
ordered  to  remove  from  thence  &  not  permitted  to  stay  w*i>in 
their  Jurisdiction  upon  an  apprehension  they  have  of  her 
giomided  upon  some  troubles  she  hath  layne  und'  at  Wethers- 
feild upon  suspition  of  Witchcraft,  the  reasons  whereof  do  not 
80  clearly  appeare  unto  me,  Tett  notw*>>standing  to  giue  as  much 
satisfaction  as  may  be  to  y*  Comp^^"  who  ptend  their  feares  to 
be  of  a  publique  Concerne  I  have  not  thou^t  fitt  absolutely 
to  determyne  y«  matt'  at  p'sent,  but  do  suspend  it  untill  y*  next 
Gen'ii  Got  of  Assizes,  when  there  will  be  a  full  meeting  of  y* 
Gouncell  &  Justices  of  y*  peace  to  debate  &  conclude  y^  same. 
In  y«  meane  tyme  y«  said  Katherine  Harrison  w*i>  her  Children 
may  remaine  in  the  Towne  of  Westchest'  where  she  now  is 
w'i>out  disturbance  or  molestation,  she  having  given  su£Bicient 
security  for  her  Civill  carriage  &  good  behaviour.  Given  und' 
my  hand  at  ffort  James  in  New  York  this  25<>>  day  of  August  in 
y^  22t>>  yeare  of  his  Mat>««  Raigne  Annoq  Domini  1670. 


\  '.>   '  ♦  ••hi 


188 


TRIAL  FOR  WRCHCRArr. 


'AnM670. 

Appeals,  Actions,  Piesentm*"  &o.  Entred  for  Hea^ 

,  ing  &  Tryall  at  y«  Gen*"  Co**  of  Assizes  to  bee 

eld  in  New  Torke  beginning  on  the  first  Wednes- 

ayofOotob'1670. 

Katherine  Harryson  bound  over  to  appeare  upon  y  Compit 

of  the  Inhabitants  of  Westchester  upon  suspicon  of  Witch-craft. 

In  the  case  <rf  Katherine  Harryson  Widdow,  who  was  bound 

to  the  good  Behaviour  upon  Compit  of  some  of  the  Inhabitants 

of  Westchester  nntill  y«  holding  of  this  Court,  It  is  Ordered,  that 

in  regard  there  is  nothing  appears  against  her  deserving  the 

continuance  of  that  obligacon  shee  is  to  bee  releast  from  it,  & 

hath  Liberty  to  remaine  in  the  Towne  of  Westchester  where 

shee  now  resides,  or  any  where  else  in  the  Govemm*  during  her 

pleasure 


1^ 


vni. 


ASSESSMENT    BOLLS 


or 


THE  FIVE  DUTCH  TOWNS 

Mm 


nr 


KING'S  COUNTY,  L.  I 


1675. 


Traadated  from  the  Orlsbial  Dntoh  HS. 


f     " 


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f 


t 


I'      t    *    t     j4i 


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^  *'l 


If 


Htl 


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•  • 


The  AMeMment  Roll  <rf  Kbp  GMuty  Ibr  the  yaw  1870,  will  be  foond  in 


fhe  Doe.  Hist,  of  N.  T..  Yol.  n 


FiirrGR  Parmemtii 

6COW8,  2ditt 

2  ditto  of  1  y 

32  morgens  of 

• 

Jan  Cornelise  Da 

IdittoofSyi 

ofl  yr.,  16  i 

28  morgens  df 

JOOST  KOECKWYTI 

2  ditto  of  3  y 
of  1  yr.,  6  sh 
15  morgens  of 


i4UU^*  t,Ki/iiA 


>;V 


WOUTTER  GiSBERt 

3  ditto  3  yrs 

1  yr.  2  sheei 

18  morgens  oi 

• 

Jan  Paris  :  1  po 

of  2  yrs.  15 

23  morgens  o 


*a,ii»-.:  vv.riimKdiUf. 


t'M 


//(^ 


ASSESSMENT  ROLL  OF  THE  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PRO- 
PERTY IN  BOSWYGK,  MADE  UP  ON  THE  19th  AUGUST, 

1676.  .;, 

FiETER  Pa&mentir  :  3  polls,  2  horses,  3  oxen, 
6  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs., 

2  ditto  of  1  year,  4  hOgs.. £148.10 

32  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 64 


Jan  Cornelise  Dante  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  6  cows, 
1  ditto  of  3  years,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs,  3  ditto 

ofl  yr.,  16  sheep,  8  hogs jS124 

28  moi^ens  df  hind  and  valley.. 56 


212.10 


JoofiT  KoECKAVYTT :  1  poll,  2  horses,  8  cows, 

2  ditto  of  3  yrs.,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  2  ditto 

of  1  yr.,  6  sheep,  1  hog X99 

15  morgens  of  land  and  valley 30 

PtETER  Janse  Witt  :  3  polls,  3  horses,  1  ditto 
of  3  yrs,  7  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs,  4  ditto 
of  2  yrs.  8  dittoof  1  yr.  3  hogs,  13  sheep  jCl75.10 
50  morgens  of  land  and  valley 100 

WoDTTER  Gisberse  :  1  p(dl,  3  horses,  4  cows, 

3  ditto  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of 

1  yr.  £  sneep. ..*• .... ....  .•*••• ....    Jt>"D 

18  morgens  of  land  and  valley. .... ....       36 

Jan  Paris  :  1  poll,  -2  horses,  6  cows,  3  ditto 

of  2  yrs.  15  sheep, je86 

23  morgens  of  land  and  valley 46 


180 


129 


O 


275.10 


•40 


132 
132 


Charles  Fonttein  :  1  poll,  1  hone  of  3  yrs. 

2  oxen,  10  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  6  ditto  ^  -^.^t 

of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  hogs £122    om  &^ 

40  morgens  of  land  and  valley 80 

— : — .        202 


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KIT'   l?Wi 


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r 


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14t  AimiicEirr  rolls 

EusET  Hkdkman  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  2  oxen,  2 

oows,  1  hog jC53 

13j|  morgens  of  land  and  valley 27 

Xaques  CoiiABTT :  1  poll|  2  cows,  1  hog,  5 
^•^^  sheep,.;.../...;.*../..;;..:........  JB3i 

5  moi^ens  of  land 10 

PiETER  Schamp:  1  poll,  2  cows,  1  sheep,  3 
moi|;en8  of  land 

Adriaen  de  la  Forge  :  1  poll,  1  cow,  1  d^tto 
of  2yrs 

GisBERT  Theunisse  :  2  polls,  3  horses,  2  ditto 
of  2  >rs.  2  ditto  pf  1  yr.  4  cows,  2  ditto 
of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr. 

I  hog,  10  sheep. X129 

22  morgens  of  land  &  valley 44 

Charles  Housman  :  1  poll,  1  horse, 3  cows..    j£45 

II  morgens  of  land  &  valley 22 

Stas  de  groott  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow 

GoRNELis  Jansen  :  1  poll,  1  horse  of  3  yrs.  1 

cow  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  yrs. . . .  X37.10 
4  morgens  of  landand  valley. ..........        8 

^AN  Ck)RNELisE  Zeuw  :  1  poll,  2  houses,  2 

cows,  5  8heep,\ 54 

17  moi^ensofland  and  valley,  34 

Caspeert  Jansen  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  I  ditto 

**^o{  1  yr.  1  cow. £73 

3  morgens  of  land 6 

Pietter  Jansen  Zeuw:  1  poll,  1  horse,  1 

«),ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  cow. 

Onfre<Kley  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  3  ditto  of  3 
*    yrs.  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  lyr.  £126 
12  morgens  of  land  and  valley 5S4 

\  Incpprectly  printed,  "  0ulle"  in  Vol :  II. 


41 

34.10 

25.10 


173 


67 
35 


45.10 


88 


79 
40 


jis  Jansen  ;  2  po 
JamJorese:  Ipolj 

1  hog, 

5  morgens  of 


Alexander  Goque 
sheep,  1  he 

2  morgens  of] 

VOLCKERT  DiERCKS 

of  3  yrs.  1  c 

3  yrs.  3  ditto  ( 
25  morgens  of  ] 

Jax  Ariaensen  :  1 
2d»oflyr.  3 
3  morgens  of  I 

Arie  Cornelise  Vc 
Amador  Foupier  : 

2yrs 

21  morgens  of 

Seimen  Haeckx  : 
Jabecq  Jansen  : 
Nelttie  Jans  :  2  o 
Jan  Jansen  Kuipei 

DiERCK  YoLCKERSE 

yrs.  2  of  1  yr. 
yr.  6  sheep. . . 
36  morgens  of 

Jabecq  Bierckse  : 
3  yrs.  1  cow, 
5  morgens  of  1 


150 


OF  KIMO'S  OOUMTT. 

j^  Jansen  :  2  polls,  1  oow  of  2  jn.  1  hog. 

lut  JoREBE :  1  poll,  2  hofses,  6  cows,  3  sheep, 

Ihog,. je80.10 

5  inorgens  of  laud. 10 


^EXANOER  Goqueuertt:!  poll,  1  hone,  2 

sheep,  1  hog >    £32 

2  morgens  of  land 4 


VoLCKERT  DiERCKSE :  2  polls,  3  horses,  1  d<>    ' 
of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  5  cows,  4  d«  of 
3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  sheep,  2  hogs. . .  £129 
25  morgens  of  land  &  valley 50 


Jas  Artaensen  :  1  poll,  3  cows,  1  d**  of  3  yrs. 
2doof  1  yr.  3  hogs, 2  sheep... ^  ......    £U 

3  morgens  of  land. 6 


Arie  Cornelise  Vogel  :  2  polls,  3  sheep .... 
Amador  Foupier  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of 

2yrs dB47 

21  morgens  of  land  &  valley 44 


SeiMEN  Haeckx  :  1  poll, 

Jabecq  Jansen  :  1  poll 

Nelttie  Jans  :  2  cows,  3  sheep * 

Jan  Jansen  Kuiper  :  1  poll, 

DiERCK  Yolokerse  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  1  of  2 
yrs.  2  of  1  yr.  3  cows,  1  of  3  yrs.  1  of  1 

yr.  6  sheep 

36  morgens  of  land  &  valley 


JC88 
72 


143 
89.10 


90.10 


36 


179 


50 
37.10 


91 
18 
18 
11 
18 


W 


160 


Jabecq  DiERCKSE :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  ditto  of 

3  yrs.  1  cow,  1  sheep, je43 .  10 

5  morgensof  land 10 


53.10 


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ji* 


*  "m  w^'m  ^^^^1 


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'Ml  AISBSSMElh'  ROLLS 

Hehdrick  Barknse  Smitt  :  1  poll,  4  hMses, 
2  ditto  of  3  yn.  S  ditto  of  2  yn.  6  oows, 
4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yn.  5  ditto 

ofl  yr.  3hog8, Ssheep... jei54 

20  morgens  of  land  &  valley 40 

m.A 

Joseph  Hael  :  1  poll,  1  cow....... ^  ...  ,..,  23 

WiLLEM  Jaoobse:  1  poll ig 

Theunes  Gisberse  Bogaertt  :  8  morgens  of 

valley....; 1q 

The  valuation  of  the  Real  and  personal  pro- 
perty in  Boswyck  amounts  to ^£3174  in 

«^'  ,  , 

•^ — 

ASSESSMENT  OP  THE  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PROPERTY 
OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  BREUCKLEN,  MADE  UP  ON 
THE  20th  AUGUST,  ANNO.  1675. 

Theunes  Jansen:  3  polls,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  2  oxen,  4  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2     .  ;>v;  ^  ' 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  4  ditto  of  1  yr.  5  hogs,. , ,  X169  p.- 

23  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 4G 

215 

Glaes  Arense  :  3  polls,  1  horse,  4  cows,  1  ditto 

of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.   jE94     ,  '  '"''"'". '^ 

1 4  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 28        * "    ^ ' 

'  -      122 

Mattheis  Brouwer:  1  poll,  2  cows,. ..' 28 

1^  morgen  valley,  3 

31 

Paulus  Vander  Beecke:  2  polls,  2  horses,  4 

cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr. . . .    £9Z .  10 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 40 

133.10 

Jan  Pietterse,  the  Elder :  1  poll,  4  oxen,  6 

cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  4  ditto  of  1  year,   £85.10 

^'     16  iQorgens  of  land  and  valley  32 

'. .117.10 


llfll  S' 


or  kino's  oovMTr. 

Jan  Comelise  Buis :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows, 
1  ditto  of  2  yr.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  12  sheep 

pierck  Stoorm  :  1  poll,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  8 
yrs.  1  hog, 

Ificklaes  Backer :  1  poll  1  horse,  3  cows,  3 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  hogs,. . .    JB61 .  10 
18  morgens  of  land  and  valley,  . . , 36 . 

Joost  Fransen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  4  cows,  1 
ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  2  yr.  2  ditto  of 

1  year X76 . 1 0 

10|  morgens  land  and  valley 21 

Gomelis  Corse  Yroom:  1  poll,  2  horses,  1 
ditto  of  1  year,  3  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  years, 

1  ditto  of  1  year,  4  sheep,  2  hogs  . , , . .    £70 
22  morgens  of  land  and  valley 44 

Jan  Pietterse  Mackelyck  :^  1  poll,  4  oxen,  4 

cows,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.,  2  hogs j£65. 10 

12  morgens  land  and  valley .  ^ 24 

Dierck  Cornelise  Hooglantt :  3  polls,  2  horses, 
6  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  3  ditto  of  1  yr,, 

2  hogs £11940 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

Paulus  Mickielse  Van  der  Voortt :  1  poll,  1  ,^^  ^ 
horse  of  3  yrs.,  2  oxen,  3  cows,  1  ditto 

of  3  yrs.,  1  ditto  of  1  yr £58,10 

10  morgens  of  land  and  valley 20 

WillemWillemse:  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  oxen, 
6  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  4  ditto  of  1  yr., 

1  hog £96 

13^  morgens  of  land  and  valley 27 

1  Incorrectly  printed  "Mackenzie"  In  the  second  Tolnme. 
Vol.  IV.  ""  10 


145 


59 

» 

38 


97.10 


97.10 


185.10 


.hi 


78.10 

9 

a 

123. 

f.'i:' 


i^'i"ii<J 

>  f . 

;u 

Yd 

*  ■  ■ 

89  10 

.        W,!. 

f    .- .  ■ 

.  * 


s   ■ 

1 


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*  1 


»'.  (► 


M  V 


t. 


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.„<!     •'  L 


'I  ;• 


IM  AMIMMENT   ROLLS 

Dierok  Hattum :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  1  cow,  1  ditto 

of  2yr8 37.10 

1^  morgen  of  land 3 

Rhem  Jansen :  3  polls,  5  horses,  8  cows,  4 
ditto  of  3  yrs.,  4  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  4  ditto 

of  1  year,  2  hogs X188 

19  morgens  of  land  and  valley 38 

Frederick  Lubberse :  1  poll,  6  cows,  1  ditto 

of  2  yrs  ,  2  ditto  of  1  yr.,  7  sheep jE56  .10 

1 5  morgens  of  land  and  valley 30 

Pietter  van  Neestt :  1  poll,  5  cows,  2  hogs ...       45 
5^  morgens  land  and  valley .  ^, 11 

Pietter  Jansen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  5  cows,  3 

ditto  of  2  yrs.,  4  ditto  of  1  yr £80 .  10 

8  morgens  of  land 16 

Big  Jan  :  2  polls,  2  oxen,  2  cows,  1  ditto^of  2 

yrs.,  1  ditto  of  1  yr 44 

2  morgens  of  valley 4 

Johannes  Christeffel :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  2  cows.      40 
6  morgens  of  land  and  valley 12 

Thomes  Jansen  :  1  pell,  2  horses,  2  cows  . . . 
Conradus  vander  Seeck :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  3 

cows jB45 

14  morgens  of  land  and  valley 28 

Aokeys  Jansen :  1  poll,  1  cow 

Paulus  Dierckse :  2  polls,  2  horses,  2  oxen,  7 
cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  5  ditto  of  1  yr., 

8  hogs jei22.10 

12  morgens  of  Jand  and  valley 24 


01 


40.10 


226 


86.10 


56 


96.10 


48 


52 
52 


73 
23 


146.10 


or  KINO'f  COUNTY.  14T 

]}ierok  Pauluse  :     poU,  1  horse  of  3  yr.  8 
oows,  4  ditto  of  2  yn.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  1 

hog, X5«,10 

2  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 24 

— 80.10 

Weynantt  Pietterse :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows, 

Idittoof  2yr.  2dittooflyr X62.10 

5  morgen  of  land  10 

72.10 

^dam  Brouwer  :  2  polls,  2  cows,  3  ditto  of  3 

yrs.  3  sheep,  1  hog X60 

U  morgen  of  valley 3 

63 

Johannes  Marcuse  :  1  poll 18 

Eaertt  Hendrickse  :  1  poll...  .f f .  9 

&erritt  Croesen  :  1  poU,  2  oxen,  4  cows,  2      . 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of 

lyr.  3hogs , X71.10  • 

14  morgens  land  &  valley 28 

99.10 

Egbert  Steuense  :  1  poll , 18 

Seimen  Aersen :  1  poU,  2  oxen,  3  cows,  2 

ditto  of  1  yr.  3  hogs X51  ' 

10  morgens  of  land  and  valley 20 

»  T-  ''^ 

Pietter  Pietterse  :  1  poll  1  horse ^  30 

^bert  Jansen  Dortlantt :  1  poll  4  cows. . .    £28 
8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

54 

Jpiom  de  Rappallie  :  3  polls,  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  >    ''     " 

lyr.  1  horse £82.10 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

98  . 

Daniel  de  Rappallie  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow. .  85  '^^ 

8eimen  Claessen  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow  1  d®     -  ■  "'■■   •  ^  ■'"  '' 

of3yrs.  2hog8 JB41         '*^ 

6  morgens  of  land 12 

■■■  53 

Themies  OishertseBogaertt :  3  polls,  4  horses, 

1  ditto  of  I  yy.  2  oxen,  14  cows,  6  (iittq 


WiTT 


... 


:A       • 


?.'t' 


,  r 


1. 

4  • 

// 

i. , 


^   •'•*i| 


wis? 


U 


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A3-  * 


M"'>^^ 


II..!   t 


148  ASSESSMENT  ROLLS 

of  3  yrs.  6  ditto  of  2  yrs.  10  ditto  of  1 

yp.  6  hogs .£247 

40  morgens  of  land  and  valley 80 

Susanne  Dubbels  :  2  oxen,  5  cows,  3  ditto  of 

2  yrs.,  3  ditto  of  1  yr je49 

8  morgen  of  land  and  valley ..........       16 

Pietter  Corse  :  1  poll 

Hendrick  Corse  :  ^  poUs,  2  horses,  2  sheep . .    jC61 
10  morgens  of  land  and  valley 20 

Hendrick  Theymese :  1  poll,  1  horse,  3  cows    £4:6 

3  morgens  of  land 6 

Thomes  Lamberse  :  2  polls,  3  horses,  1  ditto 
of  1  year,  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  year,  4 
ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  sheep, 

1  hog JE129.10 

*  23  morgens  laud  and  valley 46 

Jan  Gerrittse :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  2 
yrs.  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of 

1  yr.  2  sheep,  1  hog jE71 

11^  morgens  of  land  and  valley    23 

Jean  Aersen :  1  poll,  4  horses,  3  cows,  1  ditto 
of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  year,  1  hog 

Jufifw  Potters :  1  horse,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  4 
cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr. 

2  hogs JE44.10 

18  morgens  of  land  and  valley 36 

Dierok  Janse  Voertman :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  ^^  . 

cows , X57    .1 

9  morgens  land  and  yalley 13 

.    ■         ,. .  •  -  •  i'v-i'  ■''-■  ;!•■■'•■■:  -n  ••ri-«'s;;' 


327 


65 
18 


81 
51 


175.10 


94 
87,10 


80.10 
75 


Michil  Hansen :  1 
ditto  of  3  yrs." 
20  morgens  of  1 


Jan  GiUese :  1  poll, 


t 

)    " 


1"^ 

•«   At  IT 


OF  kino's  goumty.  149 

tfaerten  Ryerse :  1  poll,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  3 
years,  6  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  years,  2  ditto 

of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog X115.10 

31  i  morgens  of  land  and  valley 63 

178.10 

Catherine  Jeronimus :  1  ox,  1  cow .........  11 

jabeck  Gisbertse :  1  poD,  2  horses,  3  cows,  1 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto 
oflyr.2hogs JB67 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley  .........      16 

83 

Jan  Frederickse :  1  poU,  2  cows,  1  morgen  of 

valley „ . . , 80  ^^^ 

Baerent  Hegberttse :  1  poll,  1  cow,  3  ditto  of 

3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  years,  2  ditto  of  1 

year JB40.10 

4  m(^en  of  land  and  valley.. .... ....        8 

48.10 

Jan  Hansen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto 

of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr* 

4hogs...., ,....    JB80.10      ^^^^0 

10  morgens  of  land  and  valley 20 

—^ 100.10 

Pietter  Jansen :  1  poll,  1  horse,  3  cows»«,« .    £45 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

: .  61 

Michil  Hansen :  1  poU,  2  horses,  4  cows,  2 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs £1b         ';^  ^ 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40  ^  ^    ^  ^ 

. 115 

WouterGeisse:  1  poll -|t 

Andries  Turianse :  2  polls,  4  horses,  6  cows,  ^^m^i 

3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  sheep .  £124 .10  '  * 
28  morgens  of  land  and  valley  ....».,..      56 

— 180  10 

JanGiUese:  1  poll,  Ihog. ,...,...,.,   ...  1» 

i  ^.1-1    ....   ,  •    .  .\  .^ ., ..  ,.. ,'.  ^  ;j^«l'T  .'iv;  r 


1* 


^'^m 


iff\ 


"Ai, 


^'>M\ 


If 


% 


if*    ,     -  fe 


S: 


i;;:.:'!   , 

s 

I^H 

JH 

^^H 

t^SH 

Hj 

H^H 

iuW 

SH 

H^^B 

~n^H 

^^^^^^1 

ill 

m': 

'^Hi 

160  ASSESSMENT   ROLLS 

Joores  Jacobse  :  3  polls,  5  horses,  1  ditto  of  1 
yr.  5  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2 

yrs.  4  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs jei67 

40  morgens  of  land  and  valley 80 

—- 247 

Total  amount  of  the  valuation  of  the  j  ui  isci  iction 
of  Breuckelen X5^04 

■,  ■    ■  ■    .;-I^T  — ' ■ 

ASSESSMENT  ROLL  OF  THE  REAL  AND  PERSONAI 
PROPERTY  OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  MIDDELyVOUT 
MADE  UP  ON  THE  22d  AUGUST,  ANNO.  1675. 

Titus  Sirix  :  3  polls,  3  horses,  3  ditto  of  1  yr  •  '  - 

7  cows,  6  ditto  of  3  yrs.  4  ditto  of  1  yr. 

:     9  hogs £173       , 

'  25  morgens  land  and  VaUey 50 

223 

Dierck  Jansen  van  der  Vliett :    2  poUs,  3 

.^      horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  years  1  ditto  ' 

oflyr XOS.IO 

16  morgens  of  land  and  valley 32 

130.10 

Stoffel  probaskij  :  1  poll  1  horse,  1  ditto  of  3 

yrs.  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1    • 

yr.  1  hog ^ jCei 

16  morgens  land  and  valley 32 

93 

Oerrit  Luberse  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  6  cows,  5 

9  XXU|^9  ••••••  ••••••••    ••••  •••»  ••••  ••••  Ot/ 

20  moi^ens  of  land  and  valley 40 

129 

Seimen  Luberse :  1  poll,  3  horses,  Scows,  2 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  1  hog £84. 10 

13  morgens  of  land  and  valley 26 

110.10 


OP  kino's  county. 

^uoke  Janse :  1  poll,  2 oxen,  4  cows,  5  sheep,   £62 
20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

SeynJansen:  2  polls,  3  horses,  3  cows,  2 

ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs jB92 

13  morgens  of  land  and  valley 26 

Pierck  Jansen  Hoglant :  1  poll,  2  horses,  4 
cows,  1  ditto  of  2  years,  1  ditto  of  1  yr. 

Ihog £67 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

Aria  Reyerse  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  3 

yrs.  5  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  , 

years,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs X109 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

Dierck  Jansen  :  1  poll 

Claes  Willekes  ;  1  poll ^  ' ' 

Jan  Harmense  :  1  poll 

Aers  Jansen  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  3  cows  2  ditto  '■  '    ' 

of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs £83.10 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

Jan  Barense  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  3  cows .,,..,, 

Hans  Christoffel :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows,  1      '  ^   '  ^  " 

**"S  •  ••••••••••••••••  ••••••••••••••    r  *K?         .„t 

Hendrick  Willemse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows, 

2  hogs JE59 

15  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 30 

Joores  Willemse :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows,  2 

ditto  of  3  yrs  2  hogs je62 

15  morgens  of  land  &  valley 30 

Barteltt  Claesse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of 
2  yrs.  2  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of 

lyr.  Ihog £77 

12  morgens  of  land  &  valley 24 


151 
92 

118 

'id  "Mvvf 

107 


149 
18 


rii 


123.10 
45 


89 

;f.  -I 

92 


^m 

™ 

»   * 

iij 

'■€\    ' 

• 

'  1 

4 

^  1  \ 

1« 

<f 


:W  ;• 


.•II 


101 


'■■'MM 


uT-i. 


150  ASSESSMENT   ROLLS 

Jabecq  Hendrickse  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  3  cows,         •    r'J 

3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  year £W) 

16  morgens  of  land  &  valley 32 

Elder tt  Luberttse :  1  poll,  3  horses,  4  cows, 

2hogs, £1Q 

16  morgens  of  land  &  valley 32 

Louis  Jansen  :  1  poll 

Jockem  Woutters :  1  poll,  1  horse,  6  cows, 

1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  hog .£63.10 

17  morgens  of  laud  &  valley 34 

Minne  Johannes  :  3  polls,  1  horse,  1  cow . . . 
Reyn  Aersen  :  1  jwlt,  2  horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto 

of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog 

Jan  Jansen  :  1  poU,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs. 

2  oxen,  5  cows,  5  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto 

ofl  yr.  3hog8..... jeil3 

17  morgens  of  land  and  valley 34 

Arie  Lambertse  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  4  cows,  1 
ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of 

^      lyr.4hogs JE88.10 

24  morgens  of  land  &  valley 48 

Annetie  de  Bruin  :  2  horses,  2  cows . . .' .'  .*,'. .    JE34 
7  morgens  of  land 14 

Pietter  Loott :  1  poll,  2  horses,  6  cows,  4  ditto  • '  -■ 
of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr. 

Shogs... je96.10 

16  morgens  of  land  &  valley 32 

Lefifertt  Pietterse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows, 

1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr £57.10 

17  morgens  of  land  &  valley 34 

■ 
Jan  Jansen  Feyn  :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  2  cows,  3 
ditto  0^2  yrs * , . , , . 


I  '  ■.  'f. 

■    Willem  Jacobse : 

H         3  yrs.  1  diti 

H         2  ditto  of  2  y 

122 

H        24  morgens  of 

1 

H    Jan  Auckes  :  1  p< 

■    Fietter  OuiUiams 

108 

■         2  ditto  of  2  y 

i8 

H       19  morgens  of 

■$.!  G": 

H    WiDem  6uilliams< 

H         7  cows,  2  ditt 

97.10 

H       16  morgens  of 

71 

H   Lambert  Jansen : 

H   Jan  Streicker :  3  i 

73.10 

^H 

"  , 

■         1  yr.  12  COWS; 

H         2  yrs.  5  ditto 

If' 

H       30  morgens  of 

1   Hendrick  Streickei 

147 

1         12  morgens  of 

1  fiarentt  Barense : 

4* 

■  Arie  Hendrickse : 

U        1  cow,  1  ditto 

136.10 

H        Ihog 

V'\"l  .''!  <t\ 

H  Arie  Andriese :  1  j 

48 

1  Oerritt  Snedeger : 

■        6  cows,  3  ditto 

ii  ■   ■.■* 

1        5  hogs 

■      20  morgens  of  h 

i28.n 

1  Cornells  Janse  Zeu\i 

I       30  morgens  of 

...     V       » 

■  CaterineHegemans 

91.14 

■       10  cows,  6  di 

1       2  yrs.  2  ditto  o 

47.10 

I     36  morgens  of  h 

OP  kino's  coumty. 

Willem  Jaoobse  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of 
3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  oxen,  7  cows, 

2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr £124.10 

24  morgens  of  land  &  valley 48 

Jan  Auckes  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow 

Pietter  Ouilliamse  :  1  poll,  6  oxen,  5  cows,  ,    . 

2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  hogs X87      .,,, 

19  morgens  of  land  and  valley 36 

WiUein  Guilliamse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  oxen, 

7  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr . .  j£104 .  10 
16  morgens  of  land  &  valley 32 

Lambert  Jansen  :  1  poll 

Ian  Streicker :  3  polls,  3  horses,  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  12  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of 

2  yrs.  5  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs X178       [^ 

30  morgens  of  land  and  valley 60 

Hendrick  Streicker  :  1  poll,  2  horses JC42 

12  morgens  of  land 24 

Barentt  Barense  :  1  poll 

Arie  Hendrickse  :  1  poll,  2  horses  of  1  yr. 

1  cow,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.       ■''' *'^*' ' 
Ihog ''^'  ■ 

Arie  Andriese :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow '  - 

Gerritt  Snedeger :   1  poD,  4  horses,  1  ox, 
6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.     ,    ," 
5  hogs JB117.10 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley ...      40 

Comelis  Janse  Zeuw  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  5  cows  £79 
30  moi^ens  of  land  &  valley 60 

Caterine  Hegemans  :  3  polls,  5  horses,  4  oxen, 
10  cows,  6  ditto  of  3  years,  4  ditto  of 

2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  hogs de229 

36  morgens  of  land  &  valley 72 


158 


172.10 
85    ^ 


128 


;f. 


136.10 
1»» 


238 


66 
18 


.■<•>''' 


157.10 


139 


a. 

► .  ■  I' 


•  •"»        ...    V 


\     . 


301 


;4?\      ntrll 


*»<• 


fill?  ;1I3 


^% 


i^i  ASSESSMENT  ROLLS 

V     ■     .   .     . 

Hendrick  Joorese :  1  poll,  3  horses,  11  cows, 

3  ditto  of  gyre.  5  ditto  of  lyr.. ......  JB124 

17  morgens  of  land  and  valley 34 

158 

Gisbert  Jensen  :  1  poll i% 

Cornells  Berry :  1  poll,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  7  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  3  sheep. , .  XI 08 

23  morgens  of  land  &  valley 46 

154 

Comelis  Jacobse  :  1  poll X8 

Hendrick  Comelise  Slechtt :  1  poll,  2  cows,  ;., 

1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  year,  4  hogs,   jB37  .10 
3  morgens  of  land 6 

43.10 

Jacob  Jansen  :  1  poll 18 

Comelis  Barense  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  1  ditto  of  -r  " ' 

1  yr.  5  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of 

2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog JE104.10       ,; 

1 5  morgens  of  land  and  valley 36 

140.10 

Jan  Sebringh  :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ox,  6  cows, 

2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  hogs. .  X132 

1 9  morgens  of  land  and  valley 38  ' ' 

170   - 

Salttes  Barense  :  1  poll,  2  cows 28 

Claes  Barense  :  1  poll,  1  horse  of  3  yrs.  1  cow   

of2yrs 28.10 

StoflFel  Jansen  :  1  poll,  1  horse  of  3  yrs 26 

Total  amount  of  the  valuation  of  the  property  ,  „ .,  j  ,. 

of  Middelwout , £5079. 10 

*      •  '  '  '  *       ■  \     e  '       •      ' :  r     -         .        * 

'   "  «  .  •  •    •«.■•••.  '*    ■•"    W'    '  .    . 

-         nm, .'....., 'fvo^i  ,^.-i'h>:^:^hk  ,^t..: 


Wi 


OF  KINO'S  OOUNTT. 


165 


ASSESSMENT  ROLL  OF  THE  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PRO- 
PERTY OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  AMSFOKTT,  MADE 
UP  24th  AUGUST,  1675. 

Gerrit  Rienniers :  2*  polls,  4  horses,  7  cows,  2 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr ^£125. 10 

23  morgens  of  land  and  valley 46 

— 171.10 

Harmen  Hendrickse  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  5  cows, 

1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  yr.  1  hog . .    JE86 .  10 

25  morgens  of  land  and  valley 50 

136,10 

Albert  Albertse  :  2  polls,  3  horses,  2  ditto  of  , 

3  yrs.  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs JB125 .  10 

29  morgens  of  land  and  valley 58 

183.10 

Steuen  Coertten :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ox,  8 

cows,  6  ditto  of  2  years,  2  hogs £147 

30  morgens  of  land  and  valley 60 

207 

Hans  Jansen :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  4  cows,  1  ditto 

of  1  year JB51.10 

17  morgens  of  land  and  valley 34 

85.10 

Pietter  Hendrickse  :  1  poll,  1  horse 30 

Swaen  Jansen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows X52 

5  moi^ens  of  land 10 

62 

Dierck  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows  ....    £57 

7  morgens  of  land 14        ' 

71 

Abraham  Joorese  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  2  oxen,  14  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  5  ditto  of  1  yr £151.10 

35  morgens  of  land  and  vaDey 70 

221. ir 

Willem  Jansen  van  Berckelo :  1  poll,  1  horse, 

1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  cows fin       i|| 

V*;.  >  '  '.*  •       * 


'^«>%« 


4  'I  '     ' 


*,    . 


I*       *■  'I' 
I'  1 


■r  -:^ 


U.      !.:',, 


^1 


*        » 


),  , 


*'W 


i.:  :  m 


j;  :•>.     * 


106  JkMESIMElIT  BOLLS 

Hendiick  Pietterse :  1  poll,  3  horses,  4  cows, 

3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  hog . .    X92 
19  morgens  of  land  and  vaUey 38 

Seimen  Jansen :   2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ox,  8 
cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  2' yrs.  3 

ditto  of  1  yr.  6  sheep,  2  hogs JC158.10 

32  morgens  of  land  and  valley 64 

Coert  Steuense  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  3  oxen,  6 
cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  2  yrs. 

3  ditto  of  1  yr X134 

44  morgens  of  land  &  valley 88 

Pieter  Monforth  :  1  poll 

Jan  Kiersen  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  2  ditto  of  2 
yrs.  4  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of 

0)      lyr.  4sheep £105 

31  morgens  of  land  and  valley 62 

Willem  Gerritts  :  2  polls,  3  horses,  2  ditto  of 

3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  yr.  6  cows,  2  ditto  of 

4  yrs.  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  2  yrS.  2 

ditto  of  lyr.  2  hogs... X157.10 

28  morgens  of  land  and  valley 56 

Dierckie  Roeleffse  :  1  horse,  2  cows,  1  ditto 

of  2yrs.l  hog JC25.10 

4  morgens  of  land 8 

Willem  Dauittse :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  yr MB 

12  morgens  of  land  &  valley 24 

Jan  RoeleflFse :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ox,  10 
cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs. 

2  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  sheep,  2  hogs JB156.10 

•K  . 52  morgens  of  land  and  valley 104 

Albertt  Alberttse,  Jun' :  1  poU,  1  horse,  3  :  v  -  >  ^^ 
cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs 


130 


222.10 


222 
18 


16" 


213.10 


33.10 


92 


260.10 
47.10 


( 

OF  king's  county.  , 

Jacob  and  GerrittStreycker :  3  polls,  3  horses 
5  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  6  hogs,  and  I4 
morgens  of  land 

Pietter  Cornelise  :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  4  ditto  of 

2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs X141 .  10 

24  morgeiis  of  land  &  valley 48 

Jan  Tlieunisse ,  1  poll  1  horse 

Hendrick  Assuerus  :  1  poll 

Adam  Michilse  :  1  poll 

Fernandas  van  Cickel :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3   ^ 

cows 

Luyckes  Steuense  :  1  poU,  3  horses,  4  cows  1 

ditto  of  lyr £75.10 

20  morgens  of  land  &  valley 40 

Jan  Poppen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  cow 

Jan  Maerttense  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows,  1 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.. JE62.  10 

10  morgens  of  land  &  valley. 20 

Claes  Pietterse :  2  horses,  1  ox,  4  cows  1 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  hog £55  ,1  ? 

7  morgens  of  land 14 

Willem  Willemse  :  1  poll, 4  horses,  4  cows. .    £86 

11  morgens  of  land.  &  valley 22 

Willem  Huycken  :  1  poll,  3  cows 

Jan  Brouwer  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow,  1  ditto         '■*"' 
of  1  yr ...«. ^     '  ' 

Pietter  Claessen  :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  '  • ' 

2  yr.  10  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  2  ' 

yrs.  4  sheep,  2  hogs £158 

59  morgens  of  land  &  valley ,     118 

^        -.  .,  V  r  *.:.  ^^    .,    k  -,    .     6   •   *   1  .  <    *    • '■,     *    f    ■.    .     -   ,    ,         -   .     .  ■, 


167 


183 


ifi    ' 


189.19 
30 

It 


m 


115.10 
47 


f  (J  T 


82.10 


69 

*•• 
108 

36.10 


M » ^  •(  •  1. 1 


376 


i.t  ■■'■l 


-IM 


WW 

■V 

'H 

'4 


r^} 


N, 


.1 


f   • 


■■^^i 


/  ■  7 


'•it  ' i 


158  ASSESSMENT   ROLL! 

Gilles  Jansen :  2polIs,  2hor8es,2oxen,3  cows 

1  ditto  of  1  year JC88.10 

10  morgens  of  land  &  valley 20 

108.10 

Ariaen  Pletterse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2 cows. . .    X52 

8  morgens  of  land  &  valley 16 

68 

Total  amount  of  the  whole  property  of  Ams- 

fort £4008.10 


1 


ASSESSMENT  ROLL  OF  THE  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PRO- 
PERTY  OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OP  NEW  UYTRECHT. 
MADE  UP  24th  AUGUST,  1675. 

Jan  Hansen :  1  poll,  3  horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto  ^ 

of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr. . .  r X80.10 

40  morgens  land  and  valley 80 

160.20 

Barent  Joosten  :  X  poll,  3  horses,  1  ditto  of  2 

yrs.  7  cows,  4  ditto  of  2  yrs.  5  ditto  of  1  -^        '>  * 

yr.  3hogs.... .• 114  10 

Anthony  Theunisse :  1  poll,  1  horse 30 

Theunes  Jansen  van  Peltt :  2  polls,  4  horses,  ,  .^ ;  , 

4  cows X104 

32  morgens  of  land  and  valley 64 

168 

Jacob  Bastiaense  :  1  poll 18 

Crein  Jansen:  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  ^^^^  j  y 

yr JB45      :) 

12  morgens  of  land 24 

69 

Jan  Gisberttse  :  1  poll ^  ^  _        18 

Jean  Van  Clefif :  1  poll,  1  horse,  4  cows,  2  ditto  .' 

of  1  yr X55 

40  morgens  of  land  and  valley 80 

-  135 


OF  kino's  county. 

Jan  Jansen  Van  Dyck :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2 

cows,l  ditto  of  1  yr JC53.10 

16  morgeus  of  land *      32 

Gisbert  Theyse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows,  1 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs X61 

18  morgens  of  land  and  valley 36 

Hendrick  Mattheise :  1  poll,  4  horses,  3  cows, 

3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr je93  » 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

Carel  Jansen  van  Dyck  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  3 
cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr. . .    je84 
24  morgens  of  land  and  valley 48 

Huibert  Jansen  Stock  :  1  poll 

Jail  Jansen  van  Rheyn  :  2  polls,  1  horse  of  2 

yrs.  5  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  year jC69 

•    20  morgen  of  land ; 40 

Pietter  Jacobse  :  1  poll,  2  cows 

Theys  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  2  cows,  1  ditto 

of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog JE46 .  10 

12  morgens  of  land 24 

Jan  Clement :  1  horse,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  1 

yi 

Jan  Musserol :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  2  cows ^40 

12  morgens  of  land 24 

Anthony  Van  der  Eycke  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2 

cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  hog X61 

12  morgens  of  land ....       24 

Jan  van  Deuenter  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  1  ditto 

of  3  yrs.  3  cows,  I  ditto  of  1  yr,  2  hogs  .      ,',•,:: 

Luyckes  Mayerse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  cow,  4 
ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  hogs. .    X67 
20  morgens  of  land  ..,.,,. •  •  •  •  •       ^^ 


159 

85.10 
97 
133 


132   M 
18 


109 

70.10 
41.10 

64 


85 
86.10 


V. 


#■'(.. 


''t^^ 


107 


^1 


III 


160  ASSESSMENT   ROLLS 

Jan  Verckerck :  3  polls,  5  hones,  2  ditto  of  1 

yr.  4  cows,  10  sheep  . . ; X144 

72  morgens  of  land  and  valley 144 

288 

Rutger  Joostten  :  1  poll,  6  horses,  4  cows,  8 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  • 

1  yr.  13  sheep,  1  ]K>g £144.10 

72  morgens  of  land  and  valley 144 

288.10 

Jan  Oerrittse  :  24  morgens  of  land 43 

Jacob  Gerrittse :  24  morgens  of  land 48 

jLckeys  Jansen  :  12  morgens  of  land 24 

Laurens  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows ....    £52 

24  morgens  of  land 48 

100 

Hans  Harmense :  1  poll,  3  horses,  5  cows,  3 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  5  sheep,  1 

hog £94  • 

24  morgens  of  land 48 

142     ^ 

Arie  Willemse :  1  poll,  4  horses,  6  cows  ....    £96 

24  morgens  of  land  and  valley 48 

144 

Total  amount  of  the  entire  property  of  New  Uytrecht,  £2,852 .  10 


1-j. 


■aa  L 


i> 


TALUATION  OF  THE  FIVE  DUTCH  TOWNS,  IN  AUGUST, 

1675. 

Pounds.  8h.  Gnlldirt. 

3,174.10.0,  valuation  of  Boswyck,  at 

1  stiver  in  the  pound  .  158.14.8  £13.4.6 
5,204.  valuationof  Breuckelen.  260.  4.  21.13.8 
5,079.10.0,  valuation  of  Middelwout  253.19.8 
4,008.10.0,  valuation  of  Amsfortt...  200.  8.8 
2,852.10.0,  valuation  of  New  Uy- 
trecht      142.12.8 


21.  3.4 
16.14. 


11.17.8 


Total,20,319. 


valuation  of  the  5  Towns 

@  1  stiv.  per  pound. .  1015.19.     £84.13.2 


m 


i^ 


or  KINO'l  COUNTY. 


161 


The  valuaoon  of  all  the  five  Dutch  villages  amounts,  as  yon 
gee  above,  to  2031  pounds  Sterl'g,  reckoning  the  county  rates 
at  1  penny  in  the  pound,  they  amount  to  84  pounds  13  shillgs 
and  2  pence  Sterl'g,  or  in  current  pay  to  1 ,01 5  guilders  13  shillgs  j 
property  being  rated  as  follows  : 
^ch  man  ® X18.       £  ich  cow  (S) X5. 

Each  3  year  old  (§)... .     4. 

Each  2  year  old  @  ....     2.10. 

Each  yearling  @ 1 .10 . 

Each  hog  @ 1. 

Each  sheep  @ 8.0 


Each  horse  ® 12. 

Each  3  year  old  (a) . , .  8. 

Each  2  year  old  @ . . .  6. 

Each  yearling  @  ....  3. 

Each  ox  @ 6. 


Each  morgen  of  land  @  2  pounds  Sterling. 
The  whole  account,  errors  excepted,  most 
careftUly  examined  by 

Your  a£feotionate  servant 


MICHEL  HAINELL 
Clerk, 


** 


i 


I  . 


Vol.  IV 


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.'!?   .i,fi     * 


\'U 


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•    -    »   «   «. 


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«  «    •  >   • 


f^  U':H, 


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i-;'i>i'  ■  /  I  >  »  ■11 


\'i   I 


■>:./    .,:■(• 


PRO\ 


■■*'•* 


a 


IX. 


STATE 


V. 


i- 


« 


OF  THE 


it;- 


PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 


1738 


( 


■•♦ 


'»■ 


>       ■  ■■  ",' 


\  v 


STATE  01 


» 


\    i 


His  Honor  (] 
Queries  being  ' 
which  were  seni 
been  read  were  i 
follow  viz*. 

Queries  rela 

Nol.  What  is 
eraraent,  the'  net 
&  Longitudes  of 
bouring  flfrench  ( 
k  Longitudes  b 
common  Compu 
Computed  1 

2.  What  are  t 
of  Disputed,  whj 

3.  What  is  tb 

4.  What  is  th< 
their  tunnage, 
respective  Increi 

5.  What  Qua 
Inhabitants  anni 

6.  What  Trac 
any  foreign  Plai 
Britain,  how  is  t 
people  under  yo 
plantations  1 

7.  Whatmeth 
are  the  same  effe 


(        ,:■!(■ 


1   •   O. 


if*  i 


f  ./         I' 


I  ■   I    ;  !    ./ 


STATE  OP  THE  PROVINCE  OP  NEW  YORK  •  1738.     ' 

[ConncUMin:  XVII.  ]  .' 

In  Council  J  New  York  5th  Jan^y  1737. 

His  Honor  (Lt  Gov  Clark)  laid  before  the  Board  several 
Queries  being  Twenty  in  number  relating  to  this  Province, 
which  were  sent  to  him  by  the  Lords  of  Trade  which  having 
been  read  were  ordered  to  be  entered  in  the  Minnits  and  are  as 
follow  viz*.  . 

Queries  relating  to  His  Majesty's  Province  ofJfew  York. 

No  1.  What  is  the  situation  of  the  Province  under  your  Gov- 
ernment, the  nature  of  the  Country  soil  &  Climate,  the  Latitudes 
&  Longitudes  of  the  most  considerable  places  in  it,  or  the  neigh- 
bouring ffrench  or  Spanish  settlements  1  Have  those  Latitudes 
&  Longitudes  been  settled  by  good  observations,  or  only  by 
common  Computations,  and  from  whence  are  the  Longitudes 
Computed  1 

2.  What  are  the  Reputed  boundaries,  and  are  any  parts  there- 
of Disputed,  what  parts  &  by  whom  1 

3.  What  is  the  Constitution  of  the  Government  *? 

4.  What  is  the  Trade  of  the  Province,  the  number  of  shiping, 
their  tunnage,  and  the  number  of  sea-fearirg  men  with  y* 
respective  Increase  or  Diminution  within  ten  years  past  1 

5.  What  Quantity  &  sorts  of  British  Manufactures  do  the 
Inhabitants  annually  take  from  hence  1 

6.  What  Trade  has  the  Province  under  y*  Govemm^  with 
any  foreign  Plantations^  or  any  part  of  Europe,  besides  Great 
Britain,  how  is  that  Trade  carried  on,  what  commoditys  do  the 
people  under  your  Government  send  to,  or  receive  from  foreign 
plantations  1 

7.  What  methods  are  there  used  to  prevent  illegal  Trade,  and 
are  the  same  effectual  1 


C      I 

I' 


i: 


r 


>•» 


A 


^? 


r.  M' 


lee 


•STATE   OF    THE 


8.  What  is  the  Natural  produce  of  the  Country  staple-Coni' 
moditys  and  Manufactures,  and  what  valine  thereof  in  sterling 
money  may  you  annuaUy  Export  ? 
9.  What  mines  are  there  1 

10.  What  is  the  number  of  Inhabitants  white  and  Blacks? 

11..  Are  the  Inhabitants  Increased  or  decreased  within  the 
last  ten  years,  how  much  and  for  what  reasons  1 

12.  What  is  the  number  of  the  Militia  1 

13.  What  (forts  and  places  of  Defence  are  there  within  your 
Government,  and  in  what  Condition  1 

'    J4.  What  number  of  Indians  have  you  and  how  are  they 
inclined  1 

15.  What  is  the  strength  of  the  neighbouring  Indians  ? 

16.  What  is  the  strength  of  your  neighbouring  Europeans 
ffrench  or  Spaniards  1 

.  17.  What  effect  have  the  ffrench  or  Spanish  Settlements  on 
the  Continent  of  America  upon  His  Majesty's  plantations,  espe- 
cially on  your  province  ? 

18.  What  is  the  Revenue  arising  within  your  Government 
and  how  Is  it  appropriated  1 

19.  What  are  the  ordinary  and  extraordinary  Expencesof 
your  Government  1 

20.  What  are  the  Estabhshments  civil  &  military  within  your 
Government,  and  by  what  authority  Do  the  officers  hold  their 
places  1 

And  to  the  End  His  Honor  may  be  enabled  to  give  their 
Lordships  the  greatest  satisfaction  concerning  them  and  the 
most  certain  distinct  and  perfect  answers  thereto  that  possibly 
can  be  procured  or  made.  It  is  Ordered  that  the  two  first 
Queries  btf  sent  to  Cadwallader  Golden  Esq'  His  Majesty's  Sur- 
veyor General  of  Land  for  this  Province  for  him  to  make  an 
answer  thereto  and  transmit  the  same  to  his  Honor. 

That  the  4«>  b^  6«»^  7th  8*  be  sent*to  the  Collector  of  His 
Mf^esty's  Customs  and  that  he  return  an  answer  thereto. 

As  to  the  lO*"*  Query  that  Orders  issue  to  the  Sherriffs  of  the 
several  Countys  within  this  Province,  to  transmit  a  particular 
and  exact  account  of  the  number  of  Inhabitants,  both  Whites 
and  Blacks   in  their   respective  Countys,   Distinguishing  hi 


PROVINCE  OF  NEW-YORK. 


167 


Colnmns  for  that  purpose  to  be  made,  the  number  of  Whites, 
Males  and  Females  above  and  under  Ten,  and  the  number  of 
Blacks,  Males  and  Females  above  and  under  that  age,  so  that  a 
particular  account  may  appear  not  only  jof  the  \«rhole  number  of 
Inhabitants  in  each  respective  (bounty,  but  also  of  the  particular 
species  or  kind  of  Inhabitants  of  both  Colours  and  sexes  above 
and  under  the  age  aforesaid  ;  and  for  their  better  guidance  and 
direction  in  the  doing  thereof.  It  is  Ordered  that  the  Cleric  do 
send  to  each  of  the  Sherrifi^  respectively  a  sample  or  Form,  in 
which  such  accounts  are  so  to  be  taken  and  made ;  and  that 
the  same  may  be  taken  with  as  much  certainty,  as  the  nature  of 
the  Thing  will  possibly  admit ;  It  is  Ordered  that  the  Sherriff^ 
of  the  said  several  Countys  be  directed  to  Issue  their  Precepts 
or  Summons's  to  the  Constables,  or  other  under  officers  of  the 
several  Towns,  Parishes,  Districts  and  Precincts,  in  each  of  their 
respective  County's,  requiring  them  to  transmit  to  each  of  tho 
Sherrififs  respectively  as  soon  as  conveniently  may  be  a  particu- 
lar account  of  the  number  of  Inhabitants  in  manner  as  aforesaid, 
Id  each  of  their  respective  Towns  parishes  precincts  or  Dis- 
tricts. 

As  to  the  12*»  Quere — That  orders  be  sent  to  the  CoUonells 
of  the  several  Regiments  of  militia  in  the  several  Countys  within 
this  province,  for  them  to  send  a  particular  account  of  tl\e  num- 
ber of  Men,  Horse  and  ffoot  in  each  of  their  respective  Regi- 
ments. 

As  to  the  14Ui  15  16u>  &  17^^  Queres  Ordered  that  the  same 
be  ient  to  the  Commissioners  of  Indian  aflG^ies  for  them  to 
tetam  an  answer  thereto. 


V  * 


4f 


M. 


#' 


SITUA 
W 


PRO 


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nt)   A 


'i!* 


[i1;3fl' 


,l*f . 


[Fi 


.     i' 


OBSERVATIONS 


ON  THE 


SITUATIC/N,  SOIL,  CLIMATE 

.   WATER   COMMUNICATIONS. 


BOUNDARIES    &o. 


OF   THK 


PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 


By  Gadwallader  Golden  Esq. 
Sorreyor  General 


1738. 


K*h' 


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t 


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t 


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Kl^.  » 


[From  a  MS.  in  the  hand  writing  of  the  Anthor.] 


r 


g/iOiTATff:f?.8  0 


•  n    /":> 


rar  *!'•    f 


CI 


^  > 


iTA'^rr 


j^oiTh'^yizn^^myj 


j«^i 


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t(j 


:/Ui 


i  'I 


'<?  7. 


jiy/TfO)!'} 


Qaerlen  from  Ihe 
L'di  of  Trade  and 
Ptuit: 


'H 


■  v\-f*nj\ 


i^. 


.CU  1 4 


''^!U,;',4  'iih  i^  ^'i&^-'f'li^M  -■;'? 


-li,  .yn 


s  yj^'tX- 


-     / 


Seitnation  of  the 
Province  of  New 
York. 


Nature  «f  the 
Country  in  respect 
to  ita  surface. 


•1 


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v3    .-^IK^ 


i     . 


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t 


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PBOYINeS  OP  NEW   YORK.      FEB'y    Id**   1737  |  8. 

To  the  Honourable  George  Clarke  Esq  Lieut^  Gouver- 
neur  of  the  Province  of  New  York  &c." 

May  it  please  your  Honour. 

In  obedience  to  your  Honour's  Order  in 
Council,  of  the  5th  of  the  last  month  referring  to  rae  the  follow- 
ing Queries  from  the  Lords  of  Trade  &  Plantations  viz — 

No.  1.  "What  is  t!ie  Scitimtlon  of  the  Province  under  your 
"  Government,  The  Nature  of  the  Country,  Soil,  & 
L'dVrf  rmte  and  "  Climate — The  Latitude  &  Longitude  of  the  most 
"""■  "considerable  places  in  it,  or  the  neighbouring 

"French  or  Spanish  Settlements 7  Have  those  Latitudes  and 
"  Longitudes  been  settled  by  good  Observations ;  or  only  by 
"coramon  Computations,  and  ^from  whence  are  the  Longitudes 
computed? 

No.  2.  "  What  are  the  reputed  Boundaries  and  are  any  parts 
"  thereof  disputed  :  what  parts  &  by  whom  ?  " 

I  shall,  that  Answer  may  be  made  thereto,  mention  such  par- 
ticulars as  occur  to  me,- from  my  own  knowledge,  or  the  Credi- 
ble Information  of  others,  on  the  Subject  Matter  of  their  Lordp* 
Queries,  &  Class  them  in  the  same  order  observM  in  the  Queries. 

The  Scituation  of  the  Province  of  New  York  is  to  the  East- 
ward of  the  Provinces  of  New  Jersey  &  Pensylvania 

Scitnation  of  the  •'  " 

Province  of  New  &  of  the  ludiau  Counlrfes  lying  to  the  Northward 

York.  *'      *=" 

&  Westward  of  Pensylvania ;  To  the  Southward  of 
Canada  and  the  Indian  Countries  claimed  by  the  French,  &  To 
the  Westward  of  the  Colonies  of  Massathusetts  Bay  &  Connecti- 
cut. 
The  nature  of  the  Country  is  more  uheven,  hilly,  stony,  & 

rocky,  than  that  of  the  Provinces  to  the  Southward 
c^^'^fn^Mpect  of  it.  In  some  parts  it  is  mountainous.  At  about 
toiusurace.  ^^  miles  from  the  City  of  New  York  Northward,  a 
Mountain!.  chalu  of  Mouutaius  of  about  10  miles  in*Breadth, 
commoly  called  the  Highlands,  cross  Hudson's  River  running 


■»r    I 


f*' 


.1 


n 


¥^ 


<k  * 


'$ 


172' 


STATE   OF   THE 


k    1 


Hie  timber. 


many  miles  from  the  Northeast  Southwestward.    About  90  miles 
Nortliward  from  New  York  another  body  of  Mountains  rise  on 
the  west  side  of  Hudson's  River,  at  about  10  miles  from  tlie 
River,  &  are  commonly  called  tlie  Kaats  kill  Mountaius  or  Blew 
Hills.    From  these  Mountairs  11  «•  most  northerly 
Rim**^*^*^"'  &  main  Branches  of  Delawmv  HivtM*,  some  Branches 
of  Susquehona  River,  and  scvcial  of  Hudson's 
River  take  their  rise.  •  • 
The  Southern  part  of  the  Country,  that  is,  from  the  sea  on 
both  sides  of  Hudson's  River  to  within  20  miles  of 
Albany,  is  generally  cover'd  with  oaks  of  several 
sorts,  intermixed  with  Wallnuts,  Chesnuts  &  allmost  all  sorts  of 
Timber,  according  to  the  Difference  of  the  Soil  in  several  parts. 
I  have  seen  in  several  parts  of  the  Country  large  quantities  of 
the  Larix  tree  from  whence  Venice  Turpentine  Is  made,  abont 
Albany,  &  as  I  am  inform'd,  a  great  way  up  the  Eastern  Branch 
of  Hudson's  River,  the  Land  is  generally  cover'd  with  Pines  of 
several  sorts.    The  Mohawk's  Country  or  that  part  of  this  Pro- 
vince lying  on  both  sides  the  Western  Branch  of  Hudson's  River, 
is  generally  cover'd  with  Beech,  Maple  &  Elm. 
The  settlements  extend  in  Lenth,  from  the  Ocean  northward, 
along  Hudson's  River  and  the  eastern  branch  of  it, 
ESItT.^ '*"•**'■  to  about  40  miles  to  the  ISforthward  of  Albany,  & 
westward  along  the  western  Branch,  to  about  four 
score  miles  west  northwest  from  Albany,  so  that  the  settled  & 
Improved  part  of  New  York  extends  abput  200  miles  in  lenth. 
But  there  are  few  settlements  any  where  to  the  Northward  or 
Westward  of  Albany  at  any  distance  from  the  Branches  of  Hud- 
son's River.       ,  .    .;   .,   ..,  .:  ..    '       ..    f,   ;* 

In  the  Mohawks  Country,  the  Lt^el  of  the  Land  seems  to  be 
at  the  greatest  heigth  above  the  sea  •  for  in  that 
part  of  the  Country,  at  about  50  miles  west  north 
west  from  Albany,  &  12  miles  west  from  the  Mo- 
hawks River,  some  Branches  of  the  largest  Rivers 
in  North  America,  &  which  run  contrary  courses,  take  their  rise 
within  2  or  3  miles  of  each  other,  viz  !•'  a  Branch  of  Hudson's 
river,  whjch  falls  into  the  sea  near  New- York,  after  having  run 
about  250  miles. 


The  hl^heet  part 
excliMive  of 
mountaine  above 
tliaiea. 


Smquehana  River. 


PROVINCE  OF  NEW    YORK. 


173 


BodioD'i  Rirer. 


S.  The  Oneida  River  running  Northward  falls  into  the  Oneida 
Lake,  which  empties  itself'  into  the  Cadarackui  Lake  at  Oswego: 
fifom  this  Laktf  the  great  River  S'  Lawrence  takes  its  rise,  whicli 
passing  Montreal  &  Quebec  empties  it  self  into  the  Ocean 
opposite  to  Newfound  land.  3<l'y  a  Branch  of  Susquehana  River, 
which  running  Southerly  passes  through  Pensylvania  &  Mary- 
land, and  empties  it  self  into  Cheasaspeak  Bay  in  Virginia. 
The  Province  of  New  York  has,  for  the  Conveniency  of 

Commerce,  advantages  by  its  Seituation  l)eyond  any 
BW«n^  other  Colony  in  Nortli  America  For  Hudson's  River, 
Jfiicollm^e*!''  running^  through  the  whole  extent  of  this  Province, 

affords  the  inhabitants  an  easy  Transportation  of 
all  their  Commodities,  to  &  from  the  City  of  New  York.    From 

the  Eastern  Branch  there  is  only  land  Carriage  of 

sixteen  miles  to  the  Wood  C  reek,  or  to  Lake  S*. 
Sacrament,  both  of  which  fall  into  Lake  Cliamplain,  from 
whence  Goods  are  transported  by  water  to  Quebec.  But  the 
Chief  advantages  are  from  the  western  Branch  of  Hudson's 
River.  At  50  miles  from  >  Ibany  the  Land  Carriage  from  the 
^ohawks  river  to  a  lake  from  whence  the  Northern 
suiq     aa   ver.  jjj.^jjp]^  ^^  Susquehana  takes  its  rise,  does  not 

exceed  14  miles.  Goods  may  be  carried  from  this  lake  in  Battoes 
or  flatt  bottomed  Vessels,  through  Pennsylvania,  to  Maryland  & 
Virginia,  the  current  of  the  river  running  every  where  easy, 
without  any  cataract  in  all  that  large  space.  In  going  down  this 
River  two  large  branches  of  the  same  River  are  met,  which  come 
from  the  westward,  &  issue  from  the  long  ridge  of  mountains, 
which  stretch  along  behind  Pensylvania,  Maryland,  Virginia  & 
Carolina,  commonly  eali'd  the  Apalachy  Mountains.  By  either 
of  these  Branches  Goods  may  be  carried  to  the  Mountain  &  I 
am  told  that  the  passage  through  the  Mountains  to  the  Branches 
of  the  Misissipi  which  issue  from  the  West  side  of  these  Moui)- 
tams,  is  neither  long  nor  difficult ;  by  which  means  an  Inland 
Navigation  may  be  made  to  the  Bay  of  Mexico. 
From  the  Head  of  the  Mohawks  River  there  is  likewise  a  short 
land  Carriage  of  four  miles  only,  to  a  Creek  of  the 
ja^grMtWcor  Qnei^a  lake,  wl^ich  empties  it  self  into  Cadarackui 
Lake  at  Oswego  :  and  the  Cadarackui  Lake,  being 


•  ! 


,'i 


i^'. 


7*   .« 


174 


■TATE  OF    THE 


■'.    ^% 


mp-  % 


I;    '•: 


^■■■■:::  i 


Minerala. 


truely  an  Inland  soa,  of  greater  breadth  than  can  be  seen  by  the 
eye,  communicates  with  Lake  Erie,  the  Lake  of  the  Huious 
Lake  Michigan  &  the  Upper  lake,  all  of  tliem  Inland  seas,  By 
means  of  these  Lakes,  &  the  Rivers  which  fjill  into  them,  Com- 
merce may  be  carried  from  New  York,  through  u  vast  Tract  of 
Land,  more  easily  than  from  any  other  maritime  Town  in  North 
America. 

These  advatages  I  am  sensible,  cannot  be  sufficiently  under- 
stood, without  a  Map  of  North  America.  Tlio  best  which  I  have 
seen,  is  M".  De  L'Isle's  Map  of  Louisiana,  published  in  Fnncli 
in  the  year  1718.  For  this  reason  I  IVequently  use  the  Freucli 
namer>  of  places,  that  I  may  be  better  understood. 

There  are  great  Quantities  of  Iron  oar  in  several  parls  of 
the  Province,  Large  Quantities  of  Sulphur  in  tlie 
Mohawks  Country  Salt  Springs  in  the  OiiondaRu 
Country.  Lead  oar  has  likewise  been  found  in  several  paits  of 
the  Province,  but  no  wliere  as  yet  sufficient  to  pay  tlie  Exp-^nce 
of  working. 

The  Soil  is  less  uniform,  as  the  Surface  is  more  unequal,  than 
in  the  more  Southern  Provinces  :  &  consenuenth- 

Nature  t""  the  mU.  .  ■   ^        c         •,  .  *      , 

there  is  a  great  variety  of  soil  m  several  parts  of 
the  Province.  It  is  generally  proper  for  most  sort  of  Grain,  as 
wheat.  Rye,  Barley,  Oats,  Maiz  or  Indian  Corn  &,  Buckwheat. 
The  wheat  of  this  Province  is  generally  heavier  than  that  of  the 
Provinces  more  to  the  Southward  &  yields  a  larger  quantity  & 
better  kind  of  Flower. 

The  soil  is  likewise  more  tit  for  pasturage  running  naturally, 
assoon  as  it  is  clear'd  of  the  woods  into  clover  and  Qther  good  grass, 
&  is  almost  every  where  intermixed  with  good  meadow  grounds. 
These  in  several  parts  are  of  a  deep  rich  black  mold  &  have  when 
sufficiently  drain'd  produced  Hemp  to  great  advantage.  What 
I  say  of  Hemp  is  grounded  on  what  has  been  done  in  New  Jersey, 
&  tho'  the  experiment  lias  |iot  been  sufficiently  tried  in  this 
Province,  I  can  see  no  reason  to  doubt  of  the  like  success. 

On  many  of  the  Branches  of  Hudson's  River,  &  near  Albany 

on  Hudson's  river  it  self,  there  is  a  kind  of  soil  made  by  the 

Rivers  &  extends  about  half  a  mile  in  breadth  along  the  Rivers. 

*  This  being  made  by  the  soil,  which  the  Rivers  Ipt  |'al|  is  cxceed- 


*.-* 


PROVINCS  OF    NEW   YORK. 


175 


iog  rich,  yields  large  crops  of  the  best  Wheat,  and  the  repeated 
orerflowings  of  the  Rivers  keeps  it  always  in  strenth. 

The  Soil  of  the  Mohawlcs  Country  is  in  general  much  richer 
jt  stronger,  than  that  of  the  more  Southern  narts  of  the  Province 
&  exceeds  any  soil  that  I  ever  saw  in  any  part  of  America.  I 
un  told,  the  same  kind  of  soil  extends  through  the  countries  of 
the  Oneydoes,  Onondagas,  Cayugas,  &  Senekas.  This  soil,  I  am 
persuaded,  will  produce  any  thing,  that  can  be  produced  in  a 
Climate  where  the  Winters  are  very  cdld. 

The  Climate  of  the  Province  of  New  York,  confining  it  to 
the  present  christian  Settlements,  extends  from  the 
j-w«r«ofthe  4001  degree  and  30  min*.  of  Latitude  to  the  43«i 
degree  &  30  minutes.  It  is  much  colder  in  Winter 
than  those  parts  of  Europe,  which  ly  under  the  same  parallels 
of  Latitude,  The  Alterations  in  the  Thermometer,  are  very  con- 
giderable,  as  great  perhaps  as  in  any  part  of  the  world  :  but  the 
changes  in  the  Barometer  are  not  so  great,  the  Mercury  seldom 
descending  so  low  as  in  Brittain.  The  changes  of  Heat  &  Cold 
pass  through  all  the  degrees  of  the  Thermometer.  I  have 
observ'd  the  Cold  so  great,  that  the  Spirit  in  Patrick's  Thermo- 
meter, which  is  fixed  to  his  portable  Barometer,  descended  the 
space  of  8^  Gradations  below  all  the  Graduations  marked  on  the 
Thermometer  :  at  the  same  time,  the  Spirit  in  my  Florentine 
Thermometer  was  included  intirely  within  the  Ball :  But  so 
great  a  degree  of  Cold  happens  seldom.  The  Peach  &  Quince 
trees  were  in  many  places  killed  by  it,  but  the  Apple  &  Pear  trees 
are  never  hurt  by  the  Cold.  Hudson's  River,  so  far  as  it  is 
fresh  is  froze  every  year,  so  as  to  bear  Horses  &  Carriages. "  The 
Excesses  in  Heat  &  Cold  seldom  continue  a  week  together,  or 
more  than  two  or  three  days.  The  greatest  cold  is  in  January, 
&  Heat  in  July  &.  August.  Since  the  Country  has  been  settled 
k  Glear'd  the  Seasons  are  become  more  moderate. 

The  spring  comes  late,  it  is  seldom  sensible  before  April. 
This  it  is  probable,  is  occasioned  by  great  quantities  of  snow  to 
the  northward,  which  every  where  are  cover'd  from  the  Sun  by 
thick  Forests,  &  by  melting  slowly  produces  cold  northerly 
winds. .  The  spring  being  late  of  consequence  is  short,  the  suc- 
ceeding warm  weather  produces  a  quicl^  growth  so  that  the 


I        1 


r  '^ 


u  *,A 


V 


f    u 


176 


ATE  OF  THB 


;'  111 


k  r^-  '■ 


Latinide  It  Longi- 
ind«  of  the  mott 
•oaaiderabie  piaeM, 


ftee  of  the  oountiy,  in  a  short  time,  becomes  surprit^ingly  changed 
In  the  summer  exceeding  heavy  Dews  fall  ahnost  every  ni^t. 
The  wheat  harvest  is  in  the  begLnning  of  July. 

The  Fall  of  the  leaf  is  the  most  pleasant  season  in  this  coun- 
try. From  the  b^inning  of  September  to  De<fember  we  have 
moderate  weather  with  a  serene  sky  the  Horizon  being  seldcHn 
eover'd  with  clouds  in  that  time. 

dm 
The  City  of  New  York  is  in        Latitude. .  40.42 

Longitude.  74.37 
Sandy  Hook,  a  Gape  in  the  Ocean  at  the  Entrance  into  the 

Bay  into  which  Hudson's  River  empties  itself,  Lat..  40.25 

Long  74.37 
Albany,  the  second  Gity  in  New  York  &  most  consider- 
able place  for  the  Fur  trade,  Lat. .  42.48 

Long.  74.24 
Ohsw^o,  a  Fort  on  Cadarackuy  lake.  From  whence  the 
Fur  trade  of  Albany  is  canied  on  with  the  Western 
Indians,  Lat..  43.35 

Long.  76.50 
Philadelphia,  Lat..  39.58 

'  •    Long.  75.40 
Boston,  Lat..  42.25 

Long.  71.28 
Qnebeckftiie  Capital  of  Canada  Lat..  46.45 

Long.  69.48 
Montreal,  the  second  Town  in  Canada  &  nearest  New 

t"ork,  '        Lat..  45.52 

Long.  74.10 
Crown  Point,  The  place  where  the  French  have  built  a 
Fort,  near  the  South  end  of  Lake  Champl^,  Lat. . .  44.10 

Long.  74.00 
JJJ^JJ^JS^The  Longitude  of  all  these  places  is  'computed 

westward  from  the  Meridian  of  London. 
The  Latitude  &  Longitude  of  New  York  is  from  my  own  obser- 
vations, which  I  am  satisfied  are  near  enough  the 
ttell'Llill^Mte  truth  for  common  use,  tho  pot  made  with  such 
Sar-  -'""•tostnunent.,  p«e  &  «,u»cy  «,  i,  n«<*wy  «he» 


The  reputed  Bom. 
dtfietofNawYorJ 


oompleated, 
York,  East  I 
Hudson's  Ri^ 
River,  it  run: 
on  the  most 
near  Cashiek 
River  call'd  i 
Delaware  Rlv 
to  the  B^inn 
the  west  side 
parallel  of  Li 
N!ewYork  m 
Bounds  of  P( 
prehend  the 
by  the  Treaty 
Then  it  runs 
£rie  &  Cadara 
end  thereof—: 
the  Bounds  o 
Then  Souther] 
&  of  the  Colo 
Island  &  the 
Atlantick  Occi 
Tiie  Bounds 


PROVINCE  or  MEW   YORK. 


17t 


the  greatest  exactness  is  requisite.  The  Longitude  is  from  the 
Immersions  &  Emersions  of  Jupiter's  first  Satellite,  and  the 
Calculations  made  from  D'  Pound's  Tables  of  that  Satellite. 

The  Latitude  &  Longitude  of  Boston  are  from  the  observa^ 
tioDS  made  at  Cambridge  Colledge  in  'New  England,  &  those  of 
Quebeek  from  the  observations  of  the  French  there.  Those  of 
the  other  places  are  computed  from  their  distance  &  scituation, 
with  respect  to  some  one  or  more  oC  these  that  are  determined 
by  Observation. 

The  Province  of  New  York  is  bounded,  To  the  southward  by 
the  Atlantick  Ocean,  &  runs  from  Sandy  hook, 
£i^.TN.w%.inoludingLong  Island  &  Staten  Island,  up  Hudson's 
River  till  the  41*'  degree  of  North  Longitude  be 
compleated,  which  is  about  20  miles  above  the  City  of  New 
York,  East  New  Jersey  lying  for  that  space  on  the  west  side  of 
Hudson's  River.  Prom  the  41  •*  degree  of  Latitude  on  Hudson's 
River,  it  runs  northwesterly  to  41  degrees  &  40  min  of  Latitude 
on  the  most  northerly  Branch  of  Delaware  River,  which  fells 
near  Cashiektuuk,  an  Indian  Settlement  on  a  Branch  of  that 
River  call'd  the  Fish  kill.  T'^ence  it  runs  up  that  Branch  of 
Delaware  River  till  the  42<i  degree  of  Latitude  be  compleated  or 
to  the  Beginning  of  the  43«i  degree,  Pensylvauia  stretching  along 
the  west  side  of  Delaware  River,  so  far  northward  as  to  this 
parallel  of  Latitude.  From  the  Beginning  of  the  43^  degree 
New  York  runs  westerly,  on  a  Parallel  of  Latitude,  along  the 
Bounds  of  Pensylvania  to  Lake  Erie,  or  so  far  west  as  t9  com- 
prehend the  Country  of  the  Five  Nations,  (the  French  having 
by  the  Treaty  of  Utricht  quitted  all  claim  to  these  Five  Nations) 
Then  it  runs  along  lake  Erie,  &  the  streights  between  Lake 
Erie  &  Cadaraokuy  lake,  &  along  Cadarackuy  lake  to  the  east 
end  thereof— From  thence  it  continues  to  extend  easterly  along 
the  Bounds  of  Canada,  to  the  Colony  of  Massathuset's  Bay. 
Then  Southerly  along  the  Boundaiies  of  the  Massathuset's  Bay, 
&of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut,  to  the  sound  between  Long 
Iskmd  &  the  main,  &  then  easterly  along  that  Sound  to  the 
Atlantick  Ocean. 

Tiie  Boundaries  between  New  York  Province  &  the  Provinces 


k.. 
'  ■  !  - 

1         ' 


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f  ,       V.    *      ' 


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t  f  ;■ 


Vol.  IV. 


|2 


;.  t'ii-: 


I    if 


179 


STATK  OF  TUE 


of  New  Jersey  &  Pensylvania,  are  so  well  Describ- 
2riS«i«r^""ed,  in  the  Grants  to  the  Proprietors  of  New  Jersey 

&  Pensylvania,  that  by  determining  tlie  proper 
Parallels  of  Latitude  on  Hudson  &  Delaware  Rivers,  th6  Boun- 
daries between  them  may  at  any  time  be  fixed  witli  sufficient 
ceitainty.  But  as  this  has  not  hitherto  been  actually  done 
Disputes  now  in  several  parts  subsist,  between  the  Proprietors 
of  the  lands  near  the  line,  which  is  supposed  to  run  between  New 
York  &  New  Jersey,  from  Hudson's  River  to  Delaware  River. 
And  it  is  probable  the  like  Disputes  will  happen,  between  the 
Inhabitants  of  the  Provinces  of  New  York  &  Pensylvania,  wlien 
the  l^nds  near  the  line  Dividing  them  shall  be  settled. 

The  Boundaries  Between  New  York  &  Connecticut  are  entire- 
ly settled,  by  agreement  between  the  two  Colonies,  &  by  Lines 
riin  at  about  21  miles  from  Hudson's  River,  &  running  neai-Iy 
parallel  to  the  general  Course  of  that  River. 
I  know  no  Regulations  for  Determining  the  Boundaries  between 

New  York  &  Canada.  Its  probable  eacli  will 
SriM  Me*micMtain.endeavour  to  extend  themselves  as  far  as  they  can. 

The  French  have  lately  made  a  wide  step,  by 
building  a  Fort  at  Crown  Point,  which  alarm  the  English  Colo- 
nies by  its  being  a  Pass  of  great  Importance.  By  this  Pass  only 
there  is  access  to  Canada  from  the  English  Colonies,  &  from  this 
the  French  will  be  able,  in  War  time,  to  send  out  parties,  to 
harass  &  plunder  the  Colonies  of  Massathuset's  Bay,  New  York 
&  Connecticut.  The  building  of  this  Fort  deserves  the  more 
notice  by  reason,  it  is  not  at  half  the  Distance  from  the  settle- 
ments in  New  York,  that  it  is  from^  the  nearest  settlements  in 
Canada.  If  we  are  to  Judge  of  the  Pretentions  of  the  French, 
by  the  maps  lately,  published  in  France  by  Publick  Authority, 
they  not  only  claim  this  part  of  the  Country  and  the  Countries 
of  the  Fiv^  Nations  depending  on  New  York ;  but  likewise  a 
considerable  pui-t  of  wiiat  is  actually  settled  by  the  Inhabitants 
of  New  York.  The  English  maps  are  such  servile  copies  of  the 
French  tliat  they  mark  out  tlie  Boui^dftries  between  the  English 
&  Frencli,  with  tlie  same  Disadvantage  to  thp  English,  that  the 
French  do. 

The  Boundaries  between  Massathuset^s  Bay  ^  Ne>v  York  is 


v-  ^. 

;  ■    ■•'''^ 

'^mii%i 

■  w^- 

^  •    '-  ^  ' 

N 

iOJia  ^ 

!i« 

■iv'  (  w 

PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 


ii9 


erery  where  disputed.  By  the  Massathuset's  Bay  Charter,  that 
Colony  is  to  extend  as  far  west  as  Connecticut.  The  Question 
is  whether  it  shall  extend,  as  far  west  as  to  Connecticut,  or 
extend  as  far  west  as  Connecticut  does.  The  Difference  is  so 
considerable,  that  it  takes  in  near  as  great  a  quantity  of  Land, 
as  the  whole  of  what  is  not  disputed.  It  is  probable,  they  may 
at  last  make  their  claim  good,  by  the  numerous  settlements  they 
have  allready  &  are  daily  making  upon  it. 

Tour  Honours  knowledge  of  this  Country,  will  easily  discover 
any  Errors  I  may  have  committed,  &  will  supply  the  Defects. 
I  have  endeavour'd  that  what  I  have  wrote  may  be  of  use  to 
yoQ,  in  some  maters,  wherein  you  are  less  conversant,  &  may 
assist  your  memory  in  others.  In  hopes  that  it  may  &  in  obedi- 
ence to  your  Commands  it  is  submitted  by 

"► '^  S'  Your  most  obedient  & 

most  humble  servant 


mm 

T 
Cadwallader  Colden. 


-V 


jW! 


iid  Hum) 
"^  'Ufd  I'hA  ■»v^>i  mc'fi  h,'  hak 

1 

4'in  on  1*1  c-J  'iff    fiA 


180 


,  s 


STATE  OF  TBB 


>* 


w. 


MB.  CUKKE'S    ANSWERS   TO  QUERIES   OF   BOARD  OP 
TRADE  2  JUNE  1738 

3.  The  constitution  of  the  Government  is  such  as  his  Majesty 
l>7  his  commission  to  his  Governor  dix-eots,  whereby  the  Gqver- 
nour  with  the  Council  and  Assembly  are  impowered  to  ^ass 
laws  not  repugnant  to  tlie  laws  of  £i\gland. 

13.  In  the  town  of  New  York  is  an  old  fort  of  very  little 
defence,  cannon  we  have  but  the  carriages  are  good  fcyr  little, 
we  have  ball  but  no  powder,  nor  will  the  boai'd  of  ordiuance 
send  any  on  pretence  tliat  a  lai'g  quantity  was  sent  in  17U  for 
the  Canada  expedition  which  is  27  year  agoe,  much  of  it  has  tor 
many  years  been  trodden  under  foot  in  the  magazine,  the  bar- 
rells  having  been  rotten. 

Tliere  is  a  battery  which  commands  the  mouth  of  the  harbour 
whereon  may  be  mounted  50  cannon  this  is  new  having  been 
built  but  three  years  but  it  wants  finishing. 

'At  Albany  there  is  a  new  stone  fort  built  the  same  year  with 
the  Battery  at  New  York. 

And  at  Schanectady  a  new  fort  built  at  the  same  time  and 
both  are  sufficient  for  those  places. 

In  the  Mohocks  Country  there  is  an  old  stockado'd  fort  of 
little  use  now  the  country  there  was  about  being  pretty  well 
settled  and  nigh  Schanectady. 

I  have  been  trying  to  prevail  with  the  Seneca's  to  let  us  build 
a  fort  at  Tierandequat  in  their  oovintry  which  will  more  eifectu- 
ally  secure  the  fidelity  of  the  six  Nations  and  better  preserve 
the  fur  Trade,  and  I  hope  at  last  to  prevail. 

18.  We  have  no  revenue  established  at  present. 

19.  The  ordinary  and  extraordinary  expences  of  the  Govern- 
ment are  about  £4000  a  year. 

20.  We  have  a  Militia  in  every  county  for  the  regulating 
whereof  there  is  annually  past  an  act  of  Assembly. 

The  people  are  generally  expert  in  the  use  of  fire  arms,    All 
the  officers  are  commissioned  by  the  Goveruour. 
The  Mayors  and  Recorders  of  the  cities  of  New  York  and 


Albany  h( 

province  c 

TheChJ 

Eiog's  wa 

under  the  1 

no  warrant 

seal  of  the 

ot  the  land 

appointed  a 

The  Seci 
under  the  g 


rt 


PBOVIMCK  OF  NEW  YOKK* 


181 


Albany  hold  their  places  by  commissions  under  the  seal  of  the 
province  so  do  the  Sherriffs  Corroners  and  Clerks  of  the  peace. 

The  Chief  Justice  is  usually  appointed  at  home  and  by  the 
King's  warrant  to  the  Governour  he  gives  him  a  commission 
under  the  seal  of  the  province  the  second  and  third  Judges  have 
no  warrant  the  Governour  appointing  them  himself  under  the 
seal  of  the  province  the  ^ttorney  General  the  Surveyor  General 
of  the  lands  and  the  Secretary  or  Agent  for  Indian  affairs  are 
appointed  as  the  Cliief  Justice  is  by  the  King's  warrant  &c. 

The  Secretary  and  receiver  General  have  their  Commission 
under  the  great  seal  of  England. 


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..igt^T    STATE  or  TH»*WJ(^ 


A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OP  INHABITANTS 

WHITE   ANp   BLACK     ABOVE  AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN   YEARS  IN 
THE  CITY  AND  COUNTY  OF  ALBANY. 

Whites  males  above  tea  years. , 3209 

Dtto  Fameles  above  ten 2995 

Btto  males  imder  ten ,  ...^ *... ....  U6S 

Dtto  Fameles  under  ten » 1384 

Totall  of  White 9051 

Black's  males  above  ten 711 

Dtto  Fameles  above  ten ^  496 

Dtto  males  under  ton 223 

Dtto  Fameles  under  ten 197 

Totall  of  Blacks 1630 

The  whole  No  of  White  &  Black  above  &  under  ten  10681 

P'.  JOHN  LINDESAY,  Sheriff 


-•^^— 


A  IIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES  AND  bLACKS  MALES  AND  FEMALES  EACH  SORT  ABOVE 
AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YEARS  IN  TH*"  COUNTY  OF  DUTCHESS. 

Whites  Males  above  Ten  years  old 940 

Whites  females  above  10  years  old 860 

Whites  males  under  10 710 

White  females  under  10 646 

Total  of  Whites 3156 

Blacks  Male9  above  10 161 

Blacks  flfemales  above  10 42 

Blacks  males  under  10 37 

Blacks  ffemales  under  10 22 

Total  of  Blacks 262 

The  number  of  the  Whole  in  the  county  Except  the 

/        Highlands ^,.  3086 


I 


PROVnfCB  OP  »BW  VOBK.  186 

A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OP  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES  AMD  BLACKS  MALES  AND  FEMALES  EACU  SORT  ABOVE 
AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YEARS  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  ULSTER 
ANNO,  1738.  -.... 

Whites  Males  above  ten  years  old 1175 

Whites  Females  above  10  years 1681 

Whites  Males  under  10 541 

Whites  Females  under  10 601 

'Totall  of  whites 4398 

Blacks  Males  above  10 878 

Blacks  £females  above  10 260 

Blacks  males  under  10 124 

Blacks  ffemales  under  10 110 

Total  of  Blacks 872 

The  number  of  the  whole  in  the  County  Except  y*    

high.  Lands 5270 

'^1 i 

A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS     ^  ■ 

BOTH  WHITES  AND  BLACKS  MALES  AND  FEMALES  OF  EACH  SORT 
ABOVE  AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YEARS  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF 
ORANGE    1738. 


T«  fbrre  presinoti  of  Onuige 
Coank;f 


S 

Is 

9% 


I 


II 
I 


Onngetown. 
G<wun .... 
HaTerstnw 
Minniainok 


5  ©s 


00238 
00319 
0020& 
00008 


860 
7S3 
601 
433 


2647 
383 


2830 


000231 
000240 
000176 
000097 


768 


ll 


£  a 

as 


000113 
000183 
000144 
000061 


601 


'2 


000108 
000191 
000072 
000062 


433 
The  to* 
Ullof 
whites 
2647 


I 

I 

II 


00063 
00034 
00029 
00009 


126 


I 


M  s 


00048 
00023 
00019 
00005 


95 


I 

I 


00022 
00007 
00006 
00004 


38 


I 


00017 
00011 
00004 
00003 


The  to* 

gJlof 
iMks 
383 


The  above  is  s  true  aoonnt  of  the  nnmbers  of  the  Whites  and  Blacks  in  the  ConntT  of 
Orange  This  SO  day  of  Jane  1738.  W.  DUNINO,  SherUF. 


■:  r 


^''\'V 


I'  T     ii 


.  *> 


« I  ■ 


../J»,--r 


# 


•i 


^.  •l^ 


^ 


IM 


STATE  OF  THI 


LIST  OF  INHABITANTS  IN  THE 

1738. 


COUNTY  OF  NEW-YORK 


City  and  oounty  of 

New-Zork  WUfiwn 

OoBby  tjheriffe 


Eaet  Ward 

WwtWard 

South  Ward 

North  Ward 

Book  Ward 

Mountgoiury  Ward. 

Bowry  Ward 

Harlem  Ward 


568 
2118 
305 
357 
274 
235 
150 
76 


3253 
3668 
1088 
1036 


I 


1 

s 

1 


610 
396 
414 
812 
292 
323 
134 
87 


246 
144 
221 
111 
1(51 
136 
47 
22 


3568  1088 


I 

S 


229 
136 
111 
168 
167 
147 
64 
26 


1036 


8945  total  of  whites 


I 


1 


i 


213 
65 
66 
88 

117 
6U 
44 
21 


674 
609 
229 
207 


1719 


I 


I 


203 
48 
96 
43 

126 
41 
30 
22 


609 


ii 


76 
7 

20 
47 
36 
19 
16 
9 


229 


■5- 


1 


n 


69 
8 
21 
38 
35 
14 
10 
12 


207 


"S 


7943 


17111 


totall  of  both....  9682 


Retam'd  p  WILL:  COSBY  vid:  com: 

NotE. — There  are  sereral  errors  in  the  footings  of  the  above  which  are  left  unoor* 
noted. — Ed. 


4,y 


A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES  AND  BLACKS  MALES  AND  FEMALES  OF  EACH  SORT  ABOVE 
AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF   TEN  YEARS  IN  KINGS  COUNTY,  1738. 


the  names  of  the    toTnra 

Is 

Ii 

Is 

ll 

n 

3  ^ 

.l| 

1% 

£.  u 
ll 

|l 

1 

II 

1  = 

S 

"So 

J  ° 

1.3 

{lA.t,1n.nrlfl «.• 

83 

75 

191 

148 

72 
85 

76 
70 
19« 
1.3S 
65 
86 

32 
22 
66 
56 
26 
33 

27 
26 
84 
64 
32 
32 

19 
15 
74 
44 
36 
22 

19 
16 
49 
41 

23 
21 

7 

6 

31 

18 

17 

5 

5 
6 

30 
31 
11 
18 

268 

flmi.TR7.&nd  ..••■• *■• 

235 

721 

fln.fKtiAH .   ........■>■••• 

540 

282 

302 

654 

631 

235 

264 

210 

109 

84 

101 

2348 

Totall  0 

f  White 

1784 

Total  of  Llaoks. . . 

564. 

.■!^.t>-.       :-    ■ 

. 

A  LI 

BOTH   WHITE! 
AND  UNDEI 

1.  Whites  n: 

2.  Whites  ft 

3.  Whites  ir 

4.  Whites  fe 
The  totall 

5.  blacks  mi 

6.  blacks  mi 

7.  blacks  mi 

8.  black  fen 

The  To 


PETER  STRYCKER,  JITNR.  Sheriff. 


rnoviNCE  OF  new  york. 


187 


A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES  AND    BLACKS   MALES    AND    FEMALES  E^ACH    SORT  ABOVE 
AND  VNDEK  THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YEARS  IN   QUEENS   COUNTY  ;   VIZ 

Whites  males  above  ten  years  old 2407 

Whites  females  above  ten  years  old 2290 

White  males  under  ten 1395 

Whites  females  under  ten < 1656 

Totall  of  whites 7388 

blacks  males  above  ten  ...«.«....     460 

blacks  females  above  ten 370 

blacks  males  under  ten » 254 

blacks  females  under  ten 227 

Total  ofBlacks 1311 

the  number  of  the  whole  in  the  County 8699 

,  ye  261''  of  June  1738      A«»m  LAWRENCE,  SheriflF.    , 


A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH   WHITES   AND   BLACKS   MALES    AND  FEMALES    EACH   SORT  ABOVE 
AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YEARS  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  SUFFOLK. 

1.  Whites  males  above  ten  years  old  2297 

2.  Whites  females  above  ten  years  old 2353 

3.  Whites  males  under  ten 1 175 

4.  Whites  females  under  ten 1008 

The  totall  of  whites 6833 

5.  blacks  males  above  ten 393 

6.  blacks  males  under  ten 307 

7.  blacks  males  above  ten 203 

8.  black  females  under  ten 187 

The  Totall  of  blacks 1090 

The  number  of  the  whole  in  the  county  of  Suffolk    7923 

■        A         « .       »  '        ^  *■  -     .  ,  •    '      •••••• 

.    ■  1  ^    -     !  r  '-i  ■■'■■' 


^  .<' 


■»l"i-,^   , 


f  " 


■•■■     I 


'      4"i 


i'  ♦ 


>¥     ■^ 


k' 


» '  ■ 


188 


ITATB  OF  TBS 


»    , 


A  LIST  OP  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITE  AMD  BLACKS  BIALES  AMD  FKBIALES  OF  EACH  SORT,  ABOVE 
AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YEAB8  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  RICRMOMO 
TAKEN  IN  MARCH  1738.  • 

White  Males  above  10  years  old 488 

White  Females  above  10  years  old 407 

White  males  under  10 , 289 

White  Females  under  10 .  266 

Total  of  White 1640 

Black  Males  above  10 132 

Black  Females  above  10 112 

Black  Males  under  10 52 

Black  Females  under  10  i 53 

Total  of  Black 349 

The  Number  of  the  whole  in  the  County  &c 1889 

PAUL  MICHAUX 

Sheriff 

*•*  For  the  Table  showing  the  total  popoUtlon  of  the  Prorlnee  in  1788>  tee  Doc.  Hilt, 
<f  N.  Y.,  Vol.  I,  Art.  XXin. 


!  I 


*   'y- 


A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF  THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF   FLATTBUSH   BOTH  OF  WHITES   AND  BLACKS 

MALES    AND    FEMALES. 


> 


I 


The  namef  off  the  muten  eff  the 
the  house  or  mistreasea  Ao. 


I  a  ¥  n  ll  ^  il  ^ 


II 


Jus  polhmvs 2 

Lamert  bennet 2 

William  Boerrom .......  3 

Carl  boerrom 2 

Isaac  hegeman 2 

John  blom 1 

William  bennett 1 


2 
2 


1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 


3 
1 


PROVIMCE  OF   NSW-TORK. 


189 


The  nuiM  off  tha  nuMten  «ff  Iha 
bouM  or  miitrtuei  Ao. 


1 

o 

i 


Qarritt  Snedeker 1  1       1       1 

Hendrick  wickhot 1  ..      1      2     ..     ..      1 

Ck)rnelius  wickhof 2 1     ..       1 

Nicklas  wickhot' 1  3      1      2     ..     ..      2     i| 

Nicklas  andrissen, 2 \ 


Johannis  Cornel 2 

Isuck  Snedeker 3 

Jurey  peibiisko 1 

Elbert  liegemiin, 3 

John  Van  vvicklen, 1 

Garrit  Cosine 1 

Joseph  liegeman 3 


1 
1 


John  lot 

Jolin  Striker 

Larance  detrnas  .... 
Deiiijs  Hegeiuan .... 

John  detmas 

John  uanderuor  .... 


1 
3 
1 
1 
4 
3 


1 
1 
1 
1 


Abraham  lott 3      1 


iiider  freeman  

Jus  Sadani 

Jacob  Sadani 

Daniel  Kamson 

Pieter  Stry  ker  jun» 

Corneallas  bennum 

William  hogaland 

Cattren  uanderveer  ..... 

Cornealas  Sadam 

John  Sadam 

Jolm  Vanderwort ....... 

Ad  rayon  n  Hageman 

Martin  Simson 


1 
2 
2 

2 
1 
1 
3 


•  •  •  • 


2 
3 
1 
3 
1 


2 
2 
2 


1 

•  • 

2 
5 
2 
1 
3 
1 
3 
2 
2 
2 
3 
3 
1 
4 
2 
1 
1 

•  • 

3 
.3 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 


1 
2 


3 


.  •     •  •     •  • 


•  ■     •  • 


3 
2 
1 


0 
1 
1 
1 


0 
2 
1 
1 


1 

0 


. .     * . 


2 


1 
1 
2 
1 
2 


2 
1 


•  •     •  • 


.  •  •  n- 


•  •  .  •  •  • 


1 
1 


8 

1 
2 


•  • 


•  •     •• 


•  •     •  •     •  • 


5*. I 


\    ! 


UL 


-.  \ 


U     ^' 


STATE  OF  THS 


■\'.<; 


n  4 


The  nuaes  off  the  masters  off  the 
house  or  mistresses  &o. ' 


I  r 


Johanas  Johnson 3 

Isaac  Okey 1 

Born  Vande  Vandan,  ....  2 

Do*n  Antonadus 1 

Ado  Hegeman 2 

John  Waldron 4 

,  Co>«  Peter  Stryker    1 

Tryntje  ( sJoUeman 0 

John  Renham 2 

Josepli  Renham 1 

John  Van  Bueren 1 

Giljan  Cornel 4 

Cartryna  filkin 1 

•  MarteH  Adriaansz 1 

Rem  Martense 1 

Adriaau  Martense 1 

Phillippus  Nagel 2 

Ari  Van  der  Bilt 2 

Abraham  hegeman ...."..  2 

Cornelius  Cornel 3 

Isaac  Leffertze 1 

Jan  Van  der  Bilt 5 

Rem  hegeman 4 

Peter  Leffertz 4 

Dominions  V  D  Veer ....  2 

Gerrit  Van  Duyn 1 

John  Verkerck ,  1 

Rolef  Verkerck 1 

Peter  Lyster 1 

William  houerd 2 

Josef  houerd 1 

Jus  Bloum . , , 3 


0 
0 
0 
0 
1 

[5] 


£ 

s  I .     .     S 

'^  Is  h  l\  ^o  s  I:   s 

3  2  1     ..       1      i 

X  X  ••        ••                   «• 

2  2  1..      12 

1  ..  ..       1      11 

2  1     

3  0     , 

10  0      0      10 

2  0  0      0      0      0 

0  0  0      0      0      0 

1  2  0      0      0      0 
110      110 

2  ..       1     

2  ..  3     ..     .... 

1  ..     ..    ^ 

2  ..  1    'l       1     .. 
14  12      11 

3  .2  1      4      1      1 

4  3  2      2      12 
2  ..  1     ..     ..     .. 

2  ....      2      1      1 

2  ••  2          ••             1         •• 

2  1  1     ,.       1     .. 

2  4  1113 

5  3 

2  0  0      0      0      0 

3  3  13      11 
2  0  3      12      3 

1  3  1      0      0      0 

2  ....      0      0      0 

1  1  ..       0      0      0 

2  ....      0      0      0 


1 
2 


3 
0 
1 
0 
2 


CatlrinLot. ... 
Sarah  Lot . . . 
Tliomas  betts. . 
Jacob  Ramsen. 
Robert  betts . . . 


PROVINCE  OF  NEW.  YORK. 


Tb«  names  ofT  the  masters  off  the 
house  or  mistresses  &o. 


It  bS  1< 


I*  ! 


1^ 


•I 


-a 
a 


I 


.1    I 

Is  s 

I   I 


n 


CatlrluLot. , 1 

Sarah  Lot 2      12 

Thomas  betts 1     . .      2 

Jacob  Raiusen 2      3      2 

Robert  betts 112 


2 
1 


1 
1 

■  • 

0 
1 


0 

1 

0 
0 
0 


191 


Is 

R  > 


1 
1 
1 

b 


0 
0 

1 

0 


141  59  144  66  39  19  44  27 


;  .  i 
i 


I  : . 


J 

1     I 


.  i 


•f 


.1 


■  f  ' 


A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF  THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF  FLATT  LANDS,  BOTH  OF  WHITES  AND  BLACKS, 

MALES  AND  FEMALES. 


The  names  off  the  masters  off  the 
houses  or  mistresses  ka. 


I 


|S 


S§     So 
"S  2    JS 

CO    ^ 


•I 


S 


Jolmnnes  Lott 03  03  02 

Marten  Schenck 02  00  02 

hendrick  wickof 02  00  01 

Jacobus  Amerman 03  00  02 

yan  Amerman 04  00  02 

pieter  nevyiis 02  00  01 

pieter  Wickof  ju' 0101  01 

ijan  Stevensen 04  00  03 

wijllem  kovwenoven 04  01  04 

Steven  Sclienk 02  00  03 

gerret  hansen 01  00  01 

pijeter  monfoor 02  02  02 

wijllem  vim  gelden 05  00  03 


01  02  00 

01  01  00 

00  02  00 

00  00  00 

00  01  00 

00  00  00 

00  01  00 

00  01  00- 

03  02  00 

03  01  00 

00  01  00 

01  00  00 
00  00  00 


^  k> 


01  02 

01  00 

01  00 

00  00 

00  00 

00  00 

00  00 

01  00 
01  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 


.■I 


m 


ir* ,  ll 


W    m 


'*f- 


192 


StATE   Of    TII£ 


Tha  Dimes  off  the  masten  off  the 
house  or  mistrenes  ie. 


I 


s    si 


II  IS  l» 


f 


I  ■ 

1-  ii  i 

Is    sS  i 

S"  O  i-H 

i      -a  "S 


Cornelvs  van  voorhees ...  03    00  02 

marten  Sohenck 02    00  02 

koert  van  voorhees 01     02  01 

Lvijcas  Stevensen 01     00  01 

cornlvs  van  arsdalen 01    00  04 

\jan  van  voorhees 05    02  02 

auken  van  voorhees 04    00  02 

tevnys  rijennesen 02  00  01 

comely s  nefevs 02  02  01 

jjzaack  van  voorhees 02    01  01 

ijan  elbersen 02    01  04 

pijeter  wycoff. 04  00  02 

pijter  wijcoif' 01  01  01 

abraham  westervelt 01  00  02 

ijohanues  van  sijggelen  . .  01  00  02 

yan  ouken 03  01  03 

yan  terhvnen 01  00  02 

wijlhelmus  Stothof 01  01  03 

cornelvs  Stevensen 02  01  01 

harmanus  hoogelant 04  02  04 

roelof  van  voorhees 02  00  02 

|](!  ;!      "      .  81  21  70  23  24 

,,■  t  ■■"'':  . 


01  02  00 

00  02  00 

01  00  00 
00  02  00 
00  00  00 
03  00  00 
00  00  00 

00  00  00 

02  00  00 
02  00  00 
02  01  00 
GO  01  00 

01  00  00 
00  00  00 
00  00  00 
00  00  00 
00  01  01 

00  02  o;) 

00  00  00 

01  01  00 
01  00  00 


1  II   6 


'<   I   k 


f*  I 


PKOTiiMi  09  mew  irouc.  til 

A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF  THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF  GRAVESKlSD.  BOtH  W0  VTMiTES  AND  BLACKS, 
MALES  AW1>  FKf^iALKa^ 

li  i-  ll  le  list  I  ll  ! 

III     g|  1"  IM    ll    I 

''■  '  '     i-  'if  •■■        ■  ' 

S:Gerritsen 5  .,      2      1 

BemardusReydw.......  3  ..  1      1      1      1      l      l 

RoeloflfTerhunen  •....».  2      1  '-6      2    ..     ,.,     .*     ^i 

Richd  Stillwell ,.  4      0  2      11 

Jacobus Strycker........  113      111    ^  ^^y■l:v^' 

NickkswillamB  ..J.  ..*,  £      4  2     2.   ./tr;     c>r.f;i; 

Samuell  Hubbaid .  * 2  .» .  2-1      1         s  /< :  Jj  i  liin 

Garret  laiiibertgon  ....4.  2      2  3      1....     ..     «, 

AndioEmmaiM  ..... ...I.  1      1  ».      1      1     ,.     «<     4^ 

weedaw Emand  . . . . .   ..».  1  ;       11 «« 

fkmaiidu8:U:^ckl6n....  3  ^;.     2    .•    .« 

WiddeuCourten.... 1  ♦.  2    ...      I    ,»    .4    ^, 

JohnBoys . ..ll . .  ..I.  ...*.  2  i>.  2     ••     «•     «•     tw     #• 

Willemboail i...^.  1  .».  1 

NicklasStilwill .  ..*.  ..*<.  1      1  1   ....   .  "ji-ioi  :!-.iM,ii 

OoumelasStrikar .«..  •«.  1      1  4    ••      1     '^><t  rrnv  uKij 

JohnGrig^..*.  ..«•  ..»^.  1  2  .5 .    1    .  1     «•      1    ;ili! 

Elizabeth  Origgs..i....^.  *.  i,  I....    ..it    ^«i    ,««!•>:!)•, 

£lias Hubbard.... «...«.  3      1  ,1     4...     «#      1     »• 

Garret  Do»land...i^.  ..^.  1  •.  2    ..  .  it.     ••     ..     •« 

Jumahdus.y  Sickletl  ..J.  3      3  2     1      1  l;!,;/. 

Jacobtis  EAian#. ..*... 4 .  5  2  32..     ..     ..     44' 

bamt  Jonson.........^.  4  12     1..     ^,    ^,-    ,. 

DanielLake.... .... ....  2  3  12      1      2     2    ^.i 

JdhnKidel*  ......  J...  i.  8  3  4,    X     ' 

Kourten  V.  fores ...... ..  2  12      4    .  I-   .    *     1     •• 

Peter  Willamseto..*. ....  2  *.  I      4  .  .jMi^-.7if.>  :f, •!:„>. ,■ 

Pheby  Van  Clift .-.  1  1  1    .....  usna  imY  i•!;i;ilK:^ 
JfohnVa^.  Clift.... ..  ...i.  2      3  2      4    ..   ,  ..    ;'i  ,'.,.,«..i 

'      ^      -       "     61    31    00    36   li    "4   "7    "1 
Vol.  IV.  13 


jj  f 


i 


n-_ ::.;  f .  f 


n-: 


,  /i,'.^ 


,  >i..^ .  ■•  i  • 


IM 


8TATS  OF  TBK 


.(»,■! 


■#  -v.- 


A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF  THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF  NEWUTRECHT,  BOTH  OFF  WHITES  AMD 
BLACKS,  MALES  AND  FEMALES. 


IM 


A 


T   ■'■ 


The  names  of  the  maater  of  tha 
hotiff  or  miatreises  &o. 


li 


Is 


!■ 


Samuel  GI:oene^  Dyck  ...  5 

Cornells  Van  brunt 2 

grijete  bant ...... ; -  1 

rubecha  eemans ........  2 

Sarels  berrij 1 

yoost  van  brunt  ....... .  1 

elisabet  gewout 0 

myndert  ijansen  ........  1 

henderlck  Ijaensen  .......  . .  5 

rutgert  van.  brunt ........  3 

ed  word  drync  water .......  1 

aert  van  Felt ',  2 

albert  koerte 2 

^an  van  pelt.  i... ..... ..  2 

pijeter  kartelijoU  ......*'.  1 

ailtekartelo^ou  .-...<.....  -3 

Jaque^Denyes  .■.......«•  1 

William  Barkelo . . .... ...  2 

Williaim  Ver  D6ne  .... . ;  2 

Tkomas  StiUwell ........  4 

Jc^piterse. ..•.•...!. ...;  3 

ThomAs  Yitn Dick  .....'.  2 

Cherck  Van  Dick 8 

gorret  Van  Dyck ...... . .  1 

hendrik  Suydam ........  2 

Rutgert  Van  Brunt 2 

Joseph  Ditmars 1 

machyel  vanderver ......  1 


K  i 


2 

1 

2 

1 

4 

1 

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1 

3. 

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3 

0 

3 

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Fi      i'li 


u     -Vt. 


Ibt 


gerr^t  van 
mar^a  van 
ouken  van : 
Ijaoobus  vai 
Wyllem  vac 
Van  van  d^( 

'K  *'  /      •  ♦> 
ii'.-  ?>•      /} 

'>  I   « 


IS 


^>     ^   Ai 

OFF  THE  TOWN 


Ibi  aamM  «f  ye 
booaa  or  mifi 


Jeronymus  Ra| 

^rge  Rapalje 

Isaac  Johnson . 

Jacob  Ryerson 

Hans  Bergen. 

Jacob  Bei^en  ,m 

Jeremlas  Remse 

Cizbart  Bogaert 

Gizbart  Bogaert 

Cornelius  Bogarc 

I^icasius  Couwen 

Jfarten  Vanderh 


PBOVINCE  OF  NEW   YORK.  .      195 

JO  ®         S 

IS  li§  P  1^  ^i   i  P  i 

Hm  BUMS  of  the  maater  of  the     IftBllS        IISl      *      Is      * 
houMormiatnflMMiAe.  "o        K   *"t     .^    "©      »         t      ® 

_    i   I  g^.  J  I    I  I'  1 

gerr^t  van  duijn 11111000 

mar^a  van  nu^s 0      020      000      0 

oaken  van  nuijs 1      5      4      1      0      0      0      0 

Ijaoobus  van  nn^s 20100000 

Wyllem  van  nuijs.. 3      1      2      0      0     0      0     0 

JljaQ  van  d^ck 1      0      0      0      0      0      0      0 

y     ,      ,>       J       ^     I      64    34    67    20    36    11    22    16 

^■r  ^'    .<>'      '^      M    \t      .  ..!..,.     ,.„,, .,,,.„.,, 

*>  \  ^^      '?       't  '   <m>   '  '■  ■  ■  ^'''t*'--'  •'^"'•' 

on"    ■»     ;  f       '       '     "n      "=         „  -     "*-      ,,,,  ;-}• 

'        A  LIST  OF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF  THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF  BROOKLAND,  BOTH  OFF  WHITES)  AND  BLACRB, 
MALES   AND   FEMALES   kC. 

'    '       Is  Is  l^^l  Is  i   h  I 

n*  nuuM  ef  ye  mMten  of  the      'SllS^lill'li^       It    ^ 
hooae  or  mirtieaBee  Ae.  S^    B       |«    «»      B^    o        i^   o 

••  ■*•*      *     " '-^  -S*   5*   is    5.S- .  •§      &      •H'^    b 

Jeionymus  Rapalje 1      1      3      01  02      3 

George  Rapalje.........  2      12       12  0      2      0 

Isaac  Johnson ;.  3      2     3      10  0      0      0 

Jacob  Ryerson 4      1      a20  0      1      0 

HaDsBergen 2      2     3      0      0  0      0      O' 

Jacob  Bergen. 20      21      1  0      10 

leremias  Remsen 1      0      2      4      0  1      0      1 

Gizbart  Bogaert 2      0      2      0      0  0      0      0 

Gizbart  Bogaert  Jun' . . . .  2      2      1      20  0      00 

Cornelius  Bogard 11211101 

Nicasius  Couwenhoven  ..  3      0      1      0      1  1.0      1 

Marten  Vanderhoeven...  41210  00      0 


..  r-  .:^,''""r^^ 


.   *1 


,.'l 


l    *1 


•*  i 


■  f 


\, 


9  .''" 


196 


8TA/rpE  OF  TH9     HI 


k&  ml  'r4 


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I  I 

The  OMies  of  ye  mwten  efthe  Jl    •il    Is     Sb 

hooM  or  miitnaee  ^.  I  ^    I  ^    «S  .    . 

|S   |S    ||    5| 

Gerrit  Adriaaiise 2 

Nicholas  Vechten * .  1 

Fredrick  Slaeuw 2 

John  Blaeuw  ....• 1 

Juryen  Blaeuw  . . .  • 1 

Peter  Staets 4 

Adrian  Bennet 8 

Cornfellus  Van  Duyn, ....  2 

Johannes  Hoist 2 

John  Bennet 1 1 « t « t  3 

Jacob  Rennet 2 

Thomas  Van  Dyck, 2 

Samuel  Stelliiigwerg 1 

Simon  D*  Hart 2 

Wouter  Van  Pelt,. ......  4 

Joseph  Hegeman . . .  •   .  f  •  1 

Hendrick  Van  Dyok, . , .  •  1 

Elizabeth  Gamer ,  0 

George  Remseii •  I 

RemRemien.... 2 

Isaac  Sebejring.... ......  4 

AelQe  Sebering 2 

Israeli  Horsfleld... 8 

John  Thompson. .  •  • . .  Jk  1 

Mally  Buiwouter  ,* 0 

TheophiluB  Elsworth ...  4  4 

PetruB  Ewetse^ •  1 

JbhnRhyn 2 

OabriaUCox. 8 

JohnRapdlje 2 

Thomas  Browne 1 

BiUyNicbin I 


*  J! 


ik 


e 


6    -g' 


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3      0 


2 
0 

0 
1 

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0 
2 
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0 
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4 
0 
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0 

0 

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0 

0 

1 

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PROVIvte  OF  WBW-YORKi 


197 


The  mmea  of  y«  uuten  ofth*  'it'il.iS 

hoow  or  mistnases  4o.  i^  §1'    £« 

•a  "S       'a  -s 

Daniell  Bontecoue  ......  1  0 

AertMiddagh 1  0 

Breghje  Olieiff 0  1 

Hendrick  Stryker 2  0 

Cornelius  fllkin  . .  * . . . « .  1  1 

AelQe  Frovoost . .  ^ . . .  ^ .  1  0 

John  Middagh  . . .  4 . . .  i .  1  1 

Christopher  Codwise  ....  12  2 

Cornelius  £  wetse 7  0 

lohn  Ewetse <«.....  2  2 

Jaine6 Hajrding^.  ..•*  ..*•  1  1 

Jacob Deklyn..... *.  ..*.  1  0 

Rem  Remsen # 7  .0 

DTerardusBroawer*.  .*.  2  2 

Johannes  Johnson * .  3  0 

Albertje  Johnson  ..<...*.  0  0 

Gfeoi^e  Bergen. 1  2 

Jacob  HaiiSe  i^rgen . ....  t  0 

Cornelius  Webbers 1  2 

Isaac  D'Graw •  2  2 

Joost  D'Beayois 2  0 

Jacobus  Bea?oi».i*^,«.«w  3  0 

John  Dllen. 1  0 

Hans  Bergen 4  1 

Jacobus  Yandewater 3  1 

Benjamin  V.  D.  Water. . .  3  0 

Styn^e  Vandef  Voort.,...  0  0 

Lambert  Andriesen 3  0 

Jacobus  I^ertze 2  1 

(George  Rapa^e 2  3 

Barent  Blom 2  2 

V.  D.  Beeck 2  2 


U^ 


;   •§. 


«' 


e 


'•ll 


I      II 


2 
1 
1 
1 
2 
2 
1 

1 
2 
5 
2 

.4. 

2 

0 

1 

2 

1 

2 

2 

5 

1 

0 

6 

1 

3 

1 

2 

3 

2 

4 

1 


2 
0 
0 
3 
0 
1 
1 
2 
2 
1 

Q 
1 
3 
2 
0 
0 
2 
0 
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1 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
0 
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0 

1 

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'^f-*'V 


■  1 1 


1^8  >**'^      rtATE  OF  THE    '  ^ 

i    I    i    I    i        i — ■ 

The  Minei  Of  ye  marten  Of  the       |l|llS.||l|      |     l|     | 
hooMormiftreaeiM  Re      n^     ^^     ^^     B^      e       §»      o 

«  I''    l"^    I''    1"^    •§''      "S      -'^      S 
^^^^w       III 

John  Dorland 1      1      12      1      0  0     0 

Hendrick  Suydam 3      0      201      0  00 

Cornelius  V.  D.  hoven...  101      01      0  1      i 

Cornelius  V.D.hoevenJu'.  2      2      12     ^1      0  00 

Peter  V.  D.Voort. 12      12      10  0     1 

Paulus  V. D.  Voort 1      0      1      3      0     .0  0     0 

John  V.  D.  Voort 5      1      5      0      0      0  0     0 

John  Van  Noortstrant....  21222112 

DirckRapalji... 1      0      10      10  00 

Sara  Rapalje 0      0      1      0      1      0  1      0 

Jacob  Cossauw 5      3      01      0      0  0     0 

IsaacRemsen '7      12      2      2      0  1     0 

JacobDurrie 3      3      2      0      11  10 

Mathys  Van  Dyck 2      2      22      2      1  1      1 

Abraham  Brewer 2      122      2      0  00 

Juryen  Brewer 1      2      2      2      0      0  0     0 

0      0      p  '    I      0  1^®    81  175    92    69    23    43  li 

«'      M      Q-      0      '•'       <}      o       I.       n".''V//  xi(u»v;-;,.o 

■0     r     <f.  n».  <*».Mv^'y.  M^^ 

''     *■        A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS  *^^  ^'  ^^'' 

OFF  THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF   BU^HWYCKJ  BOTH  OF  WHITES  AND  BLACKS, 
Vr  MALES   AND   FEMALES. 

ThenameaoftbemMtenofUie       !►>      f,      gS*'^      |^      ^     M     R 
hooM  or  mirtrai  Ae  .2      S      ^  g      S       .S      S      |o     S 

_J g        1     g        I      I        1     I       1 

Johannes  Schenck 1  00   1  00   1  00   2  00 

David  Sprongh.........   3   1   3  00  00  00  00  00 


Xhenamet  < 
house 


MarutieScJ 
Jannltie  Vi 
Symon  Doi 
Charel  Doi 
folkertfolk< 
Necklaas  fo 
Jacobus  Co 
Fieter  Fonc 
Geertruy  M 
Abraham  C 
Joost  DofiijU 
Jacob  Pieter 
Arent  Stock] 
Daniel  bode 
Juryen  Nage 
Hendrick  Vt 
fenunetie  an< 
abraham  Liq 
Tiyntie  Caliji 
Jacobus  Cali. 
lyeterwit. 
Johannis  piei 
David  Cats.. 
Alexander  be 
Pieter  praa. 
Derek  Wortn 
frans  Tijtus. 
Thomas  fardc 
JamsBobijn. 
Andris  Stockl 
Johannis  Caliji 
Jacobus  Cam* 


PROyiNCE  OF  NEW    YO&K 


109 


J.           .  I  S  I 

Ihenvnesoftheiuatenof  the  |  ^  ^  IS  ^  I S. 

hooNarmiatreMfto  o  S  ***  S  2  o 

...  r  i  II  i  r 

Mary  tie  Schenck 4  3  00  1  1 

Jannitie  Van  Ende 6  1  00  12 

SymonDoryie..... 3  00  2  1  00 

Cbarel  DorJijie: 2  4  2  1  1 

folkertfolkertse 1  1  1  00  1 

Necklaas  folkertse 1  00  4  00  1 

Jacobus  Cozyn 2  00  2  00  2 

PieterFonck 4  1  2  1  00 

Geertruy  Wortman 2  02  1  00  00 

Abraham  Goeck 1  1  1  2  00 

Joost  Dorijie 1  00  1  00  00 

Jacob  Fieterse 2  00  2  2  •  00 

Arent  Stockholum 2  00  5  00  1 

Daniel  bodet 2  2  211 

Jurijen  NageL 2  00  2  00  1 

Hendrick  Vande  W»'...,  13  1  00  bO 

femmetie  anders ........  2  00  2  00  00 

abraham  Liquir.  .......  4  00  4  2  00 

Tryntie  Calijer 2  .  00  2  00  00 

Jacobus  Calijer... 1  00  1  1  00 

P^eter  wit..  .,,♦,,,. 3  14  3  1 

Johannis  pieter .. . . ......  1  00  2  00  00 

David  Cats 1  00  2  3  00 

Alexander  berd 2  00  2  00  1 

Pieter  praa 1  00  1  00  4 

Derek  Wortman 2  00  1  00  2 

frans  Tijtus 2  112  3 

Thomas  fardon.........  5  00  2  2  1 

JamsBobijn 1  00  1  00  1 

Andris  Stockholum 2  1  2  3  1 

Johannis  Calijer 3  00  4  1  00 

Jacobus  CaUjer 2  00  3  00  00 


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I.  . 


ft  -yi'^'-^'    ._ 


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mm. 

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800 


UA(U       STATE  OF  VHK 


Tlv  Mmu  of  th«  luutMi  of  tht 
houM  or  iniitar««  to. 


I. 
«8 


-  5  II  i  f  i 


I  IM 


4*     "2 


Johannis  boechout . . . . .  •  3  00  5 

tuenes  Kapellie 1  00  1 

Abraham  dor^ia 4  2  3 

Leffeert  Leffertse 1  00  1 

Jan  mesrol 4  1  4 

J*ieter  Consellie , .  8  2  5 

« vhapnis  aberse. . . , 8  00  6 


1  1  00  00  00 
a  01  00  00  00 

2  00  00  00  00 

3  01  00  00  00 
2  1  1  1  00 

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1  1  00  1  00 


Comp*:  325ZieIe. 


92    27    91    39    31     11    27     9 


,i.{     nf     t.O     '!<«      r        Mi 


(!(>    ^'^     mmxh  I A  jiti'A  U  'if 


t,/-,  fri  (Hi      t*0      1 

(?()  t.tj  00     i        «'"     «^ 

li^  >  *-J      A  LIST  OP  FREEHOLDERS     ' 

0i'  IN  SUFFOLK  COUNTY   27   FFEBRUART   1737 


..'ni'.^*v  .-'t.-.(. 


.       yj    i    (A; 


TameeJBeebe 
Willam  King:  Ju' 
Joshua  Curtis 
Charles  Oloyer 
ThomaB  tenry 
John  King:  Ju' 
Clideon  Youngs 
Jonathan  Youngs 
Richard  Shaw 
liUchaid  Brown 
Jpseph  Brown 
Swnuel  Crook 
Samuel  Emmons 
David  Youngs 
Jiokn  Backet 
Henry  tuttle:  Jud' 
Henry  Conklin 


HO 

HI? 

t. 


David  Moore 
"     Walter  Brown 
C>    Samuel  Gonklin 
("  JohnConklin 
<^'  Joseph  Conklin 
t    Joseph  Conklin  Jon*         "^ 
i'  John  Conklin  JunP    "!  ^"'" 

0-  peter  pain      >»;*<■->  ^ 

I    JbhnBudd     ..i.^H'  jiin 
X   John  vail > .  -  •  •''•^M  ' 

Alsup  pain . 

Samuel  Landon 

Sylvester  Lhummidne    * 

Isreal  Moore '  ■' 


1  n  I 


1 

J*. 


} 


f  Samuel  Griffing 


Ebbeuezer  Johnson 
John  Youngs 


PROVIIKV  OF  y&W  YORK. 

Constant  king 


•01 


!:  J'.niKf!*  * 


.70(1  i!: 


Xhomas  Reeve    • 

James  Lando^  .jm>hj:-.u!.  i....hBarnebus  Winds 

John  peck  ahi'*u  m       Jolin  Reeve 

Jonathan  Horton    >^{v>,r  i^fu:  .  David  Horton 

John  Salmon  ,  ,^  <«[,  j^  |,  t     *  John  hudson 

Thomas  Conklin     .luil  i><<i:!        Samuel  Cla-*>>  Jun' 

Joseph  Horton,  Hi/-      .«  v  ,     Cakbllor^r'w^ 

l8i)ao  Hubbard  Davi4  Clllrwiii      -A-Ax  ni 

Samuel  Reeve  ^.♦^f,v;i  m-  tiiu-KiA  Gersham  terry  sI'jIii  •♦•i  inufr-t.-tv" 

Samuel  terry  ,!iir/.D&niel Reeve     ^iiiiMl /fi:i:i'.f/'J^ 

Joshua  Budd  !(j,.j,„|  f.i^nn  James  Reeve     ;?puiiM  I  t!«i.!  '" 

Benjamin  Reeve        jfivv-^  luKl  Timothy  Hudson 

peter Halliock        *,?■  ( //  #.„(miI. Thomas  ReeVe  Jun»     ;,;  . 

John  Dickinson      ilniji.J  [{on>/'  John  Howel 

Nathaniel  Youngs       ■      i  j t ■  > -•  fJsaac  Howel       '>l 1 1- - 

Samuel  Case  . . , .,,[a  ,v  Thomas  Clark    iii 

John  Goldsmith     ;i ,  //,  <!  7*r(i4,  Aaron  Howel    wiUv ».  :  >• 

Daniel  tuttleriJfttf   »;    ',  :i;,r!  •>>>.  John  Cleaves     i»/fj.  >  U.iir 

William  Salmon     ,-,(»jij}  Mfi',>(t!  David  Cleaves 

Hazekiah  Reeve        ;f , ».  / )  ;> ,  ,i  cm  Daniel  Curwin 

Joshua  Horton:  JfiW  ,  Ezekiel  pette 


Samuel  Curwin 
Sylvenus  D^KVis. 
Benjamin  Case 


\y\ 


'.'*., 

•,-.I 


.iK><ii,.|  u!  ,M James  terry 

./f  ali!j!«iii  4' Josiah  Youngs 

rH'A  ;o.q,t  Daniel  Youngs 
Zebulon  Halli<»k.   ;si;,i,!'rin«,'jjl/ Samuel  Wells 
David  Reeve         {VytvMi  rii;iy  Daniel  Wells 
William  Reeve  i,.i^\\  i^io  Nathaniel  Wells 

Henry  Wells       ^, ,.  >:  ^  jtj»»  i  h.  u.  Richard  Howel 
Uriah  terry  .'i<iil,i;    .>«nir  Stephen  Sweasay   h  .^i;    ;  iJ'i'-f' 

Thomas  GoldsnU^  ,. ,vi*>'m>?'  Joseph  Mapes  *2i'.i':  i  .r%;  iJi-'i 
Jonathan  HortQBJlU^;  ;nhn:'ty  David  Howel  igrufpfni  ifji-ot 
Solomon  Wells    .  ,yi,,K{  a,^,}j{iV'p€terHallick  iMr-iiM  m^I. 

William  Bei^amiD  {, ,  f-,ihhvRichard  Swasey  ::•«.•/  nuH 
Joshua  Wells:  Juijifr.i:  •"  !>u.if!iV'Elezer  luce:  Ju'  j-jij.-r  > ;  n  ■;  I. 
Richard  terry  •  ,ii|.f,,,'>  ,„ii.n;  Daniel  terry  .'..{.^rfl  ".'"L 

Thomas  Booth  i  mHuui  /dSuI  Christipher  Yomigs  'j  Vo*;  > 'VC 
Gkj^on  Wickhan  a-uiol.  hi;;<Mi!  Hezekiah  howell  .,,.,- j.;,;Ki 
Daniel  Osmon        -xAVim  Vjww  Jonah  Bower  an  >q  ^»Uvi 


1 1      '! 


•A* 


V 


!  I 


.At       ITATB  OF   THE 


*t 


■■<:■ : 


■'^^ 


Obadiah  Rogers 

lohabod  Seayr 

Ichabud  Cooper 

Thomas  Stephens 

Henry  person 

Josiahhowerxiul : 

John  foster 

James  hearick 

Narthan  hearick  ^ii  ">^ 

Benjamin  halns  Ahhu 

Samuel  Jenings      »'?"«^»H  ^tm. 


•"fc 


Elnathan  white 
John  moorehouse 
John  norris 
Daniel  hedges 
Theopple  howel 
Thomas  holsey 
Constant  heavini 
Joseph  howel 
Abraham  holsey 
Nathaniel  holsey 
David  bumit 


irt    Jf;„t.„r|> 


4' 


Thomas  lupton  'HiHiiet^'UiiH     John  Seayr 


Job  Seayr     '^n'l  >yt\y^H  ^'.'MWn 
Hugh  gilson 

Jonathan  peirle      ,  »'»'/'.»i{  v»« 
Stephen  herrick    A-\uJi  se 
Gershem  Culver    I'tfr  If  r    . 
Jeremiah  Culver    mft^A')  lu. 
Samuel  Ludle       « » ' «)f  ^  !  • . 
John  Mitchel       niwtr 
Joseph  Rodgers      ^i^{  • 
Henry  Holsey 
David  phithin 
Samuel  halns 
Daniel  Moore 
Thomas  Sandibrd 


■■'•r!M 


0 


James  White 

Aaron  bumit 

John  tapping 

Benjamin  howell 

Henry  howell 

Zechariah  sandford 

Joshua  hildreth 

Ellas  Cook 

Abraham  howell  ■  ? '  '*' ' 

John  peirson  '*^^'^  i-'n^u-^: 

Benjamin  Woodmph  '  ^ ' 

Stephen  bower     "^ ' .»( ?  ;,i  «: 

Nathaniel  JesupJ"''^'"^^ 

Artter  howeU 


Ezekiel  Sandford       /» 'W*'*-''  John  Cook           *"^ 

Abraham  peirson      '  *HrLB<!::  Jonathan  Cook        ^'^^ 

Josiah  peirson     '  •'•>^?'' «''^*5'  Isaac  hildreth           *. 

Steplien  tapping    «  k^u'^  iH'^  Timothy  mulford 


•  '•  '.i.D'udl 


Josiah  tapping 
Job  peirson 
Henry  wick 
James  Cooper 
John  lupton 
Thomas  Cooper  Jar 
Elisha  howel 
Ellas  pette  « 


fMWoH  nil 
•mv 


rrtiS  ''" 


•rir.'.ril'.rj' 


Jeremiah  mulfoid     ^ '  ^-   '  "^  •' 
WiUiam  hedges    '^-''''^  '   •  "'"^ 
Narthan dayton  '^-'i'^"^'  **^'  •''^' 
William  osman       ^''^'  ^ '^•■"  ' 
Elisha  Conklin  •  ^^^-'*^ 

Mathew  mujford  '^ 

Edward  Jones  '' 

Daniel  miller  i  '    «'  ' 


PROVIMCE  OF  H£W    YORK. 


f03 


EJflszer  miller    ^^^1, ,. 
Samuel  persons 
:  ,m  merry 
Thomas  talmage 
Johntalmage  .,,, 

Lion  gardner       ^Uiui^  I  uJui. 
Samuel  hedges        r< ; ; • . - •'.  j '> ?•. 
Ephraim  bumet 
Samuel  hudson  ).>Ji..if  aiuu.m 
Johnmulford  »»^1>mMi. 

Jositth  miller  .  l  ni; 

Henry  hudson     i„<,). 
Thomas  osmon 
John  hunting 
Robert  moore 
Jonathan  wick 
Ezekiel  hubarcl 
James  chittestejf.  .,((!,„'/ )  ^i, 
,  David  Kitcham      ,■„,/  ^ml. 
Samuel  Smith   .  //dq* 

Daniel Keeley  ,„,„^  i >!,„.; 
James Keeley  -{^mi-mC  ^inri 
Obediah  Rogers  , /,j,.;  i.k- 
David Rogers  -j^niii.l  i-h-IU 
Joseph  lewes  ^|,i„,y.  i,nr.i 
William  Jerves  i  Ut/lq  %i< 
Nathaniel  Kaoham  ,// i-s^tf! 
philip  plat  ,(»j,,^;.,  ,:^,-|»k 

John  Rogers  M.,ni^rf.lii 
Job  smith  .  i,j{.y,  „  i, 

Arron  Smith      .ij/t^  7  ♦■n.'i  hui 

David  Carey ,^,i,KMiuiM!..l.,', 

William  row 

Jonathan  Jones 

Jacob  Munsel  « 

Piatt  Smith 

Solomon  Smith 

Zephaniah  plat 


John  hockins  aw-.i'Mkrr  liiv^*". 
Moses Acerly     ,it.<tiK*'''ii  in!'*l 

Josiah  wicks        J  ^n<  I  iJat-^  -v  ♦ii 

John  Scidmore  '  '  ■••  '  ^ 
Robert  Arter  /^ 

Joshua  Arter  '"'f^T « .» <■  m  1  ^V I' 
Timothy  tredwell  jU  lisil'.// 
Obadiah  Smith  r»lUU  l.in'  'i:i 
Bei^aminOold  ittUJU  ^nhjA 
Daniel  Smith  vi'-xnlkn  ri-Hi<  A 
Richard  Smith  mi)  i  r  ii-nr 
Job  Smith  li  - ...  if 

Ebenezer  Smith  '  r !  <  >  •  •  •. 

Shubel  Marchant  ;    .' 

Timothy  Smith 

Joseph  Smith  ..Pi  ■  !  •  .    -i 

Edmond  Smith  ^tn  >  > .  >>i  >  <   ;:> 
Richard  Smith        •vt}-->ir  i.    ... 
Isaack  Mills        :«< ^iv  /    ,  r  -. 
Timothy  Mills        r  i  .  '     ;- 
Richard  Blidenberg      *i         H 
James  Dickonson      .         ;  vh 
John  Dickonson      -  vi  ^. 
Jonathan  Dayton      :m      ;   • 
JohnArter  ■>/.  >  Ki.Mi. 

William  Green      fufi,  .»      '^ 
William  Phillips      Nua,.i'  -^ 
Amos  Willis      i^^/'  • .  1  I  nni    ^i' 
Richard  Willis  1  >    .    r    ', 

Richard  floyd     »!,;     :  i  !  -li     . 
Nichols  floyd  .  i-    j!i  »> 

Nathaniel  Woodhu]]    I  •<  •  •>:  >>^. 
William  Smith 
James  tutthil 
Danniel  Brewster 
James  Smith 
Israel  Smith 
James  Sell 


i    4 


J  t 


.'J 


•  '» 


,    I     i» 


i'   '.vin 


#' 


M  \  > 


?;:. 


M4 

Joseph  roberson 
John  robberson 
Hezeklah  Dayton 
Nathaniel  Dayton 
Noah  hallock 
Thomas  Green 
William  Miller 
Richard  Miller 
Andrew  Miller 
Bobert  robinson 


•an«>      gTATE  OF  THB 


dihuf'  him-' 


Thomas  robinsoaUiiufe  l)i^ji''i: 
Moses  burnett  iiiiiii'd<k'. 

Joseph  phillips  UnH  i ?s«i«i; 
Joseph  dauis  .ujiiln^y  hnisr 
Samuel  dauis  lUiiu^.  viU-mi! 
Daniel  dauis  n^U'^''-  f''l^ 

Beniamin  dauis    JtnjH  ^i     nl 
John  tucker         '.nni'i  lru;u:>i 


George  Norton 
John  Mosier 
Henry  Daytoa 


Huflrh  Mosier  i»"'ii  .'  'HI  a*"i;  ' 

Thomas  Strong 

George  tucker 

John  row 

Nathaniel  row 

Henry  robbins 


in: 


q  Ufv'.iui 


Nathaniel brewster  i'fi'/  >.hi} 
John  wood  niUl^i'lyui'1-n- 

Samuel  D'henuar  !»'  Ji  in«ii-> 
William  Jean  v  ^ '  ( * ^'  ^-i'  ''^'*' 
Stephen  Jealii;in>'>'»W  i-i.Hs/u"t4  ' 


Matthews  Jean  >i;<i 

Josep  brewster  'u-P, 

Nathaniel  Liscom 
Nathaniel  Sattirly 
Geoi^e  Owen 
Samuel  Smith 
Arter  Smith 
John  hellock 
Beniamin  hallock 
John  tucker 
Samuel  thompson 
Jonathan  Owen   ** 
Nathaniel  bigss 
William  helms 
Eleazer  hockins    ' 
Amos  Dickenson 
Henry  Smith  Esq 
Thomas  ChatHeld 
Joshua  Youngs 
Joseph  wickham 
Nathaniel  wamer 
Mathias  burnett 
Daniel  Sayr 
William  Jenings 
Nathanil  Smith 
George  phillips   * 
Richard  Woodholl 
Obadiah  Smith 
Charles  Saxton 
'John  wicks 

Dauid  Corey  Sherriff     '^^^  «^'' 
The  whole  amounts  to— 328. 


'1    '_'J,»;-»;  1 


'  •'nut'. 


sn 


^  -' 


H 


If,.' 


PROTmCC  OF  KXW  YORK. 

LIST  OF  TH£  FFREEHOLDERS 

QP  DUTCHESS  COUNTY  VIZT. 


SOI 


I  f^f  ri 


Henry  Beekman 

IX)wrenoe  Kuickerbaoker 

Nioholas  Hoflfhian 

MartinuB  Hoflban 

Barent  Van  BenthuyseD 

Philip^  Londen 

Hendrick  Kip 

NicliolasRow 

Jury  Soeftll 

Zaoharias  Haber 

Fredricke  Sipperiy 

Johannis  Spidler 

Jury  Feder 

William  Cole        rv^nvlf* 

HansHeyner 

Johannis  P :  Snyder 

Johannis  Backus  a  r 

Hans  telte  WolleTer 

Hans  Lambert 

Joseph  Rykert  ^  '    r 

Hendrick  Slieffer 

Peter  Oostrander     ?« ?'  rumii 

Benjamin  Van  Steenbergh 

Hans  felte  ShefEsr         i^/vtiit^ 

Willem  Freer     ^n  »j.7  rnn 

Tennis  Freer         <  ^ii  u^l  ?.b 

Jvry  Ackert  '^'>n-fi 

Evert  Kniokerbaoker   ^  <f!  >  s  ( 

Nicholas  Bonesteel 

Jacobus  Van  Etten  Junr. 

Basteaan  Treter 

Goenradt  Berringer 

Wendell  polver  *>r  »*  V  t 

Peter  Van  Etten 

William  Simon         sU/i  hh 


William  Scott 
Michaell  Sif^riy 
David  Richart 
Jacob  Mowl 
Mathys  Earnest 
Adam  Oostrandet 
Simon  Kool 
Godfreed  Hendrick 
Wendel  Yager  aiia'i  nm)l 
Jacob  Drom  '*vaR\jiiH  «;'M'fri'f 
Martinus  Shoe  Y'  ' 

Jury  Adam  Soefelt  ;0i'^  '>ttj»»;t 
Philip  foelandt  joii«(*  iuil 

Andries  Widerwoa:  <i  7!  ' iAjs 
Fran  Neker  ■i'*i:M'i -i^  usi''. 

Christophell  Snyder  tuiir; -asi. 
Marten  Tiel  iMi  4oi>;l. 

AmoutViele       fJvJI -.t - 
Lowrence  Tiel       inJm  > 
Jacob  CJool         li  alaart'j;)  ^ia-;. 
Philip  More  '  r-.-^'nl  v:  i^t.f. 

Jan  Van  Benthuy  en  i'^'X  ■•m\zl 
Zacharias  Smith  dmy.  !«*,'•. ill 
JosiasRosa  H  fuY :'''1  i-.  i.a 
Gysbert  Westfall  nuil  ;{,;ri>i 

Andries  Hermans  ,.  :i  «Kf,..( 
Michael  Polver  u  >'  •^tiri'^f 

Johannis  Wearer 
William  Van  Vreediuborga     , 
Johannis  Kip  ,-.'l 

Arie  Hendrickae     *•  "   .  ;  '     ' 
Willem  Van  Vreedinburgh  Juiv 
Isaac  Kip       ii-Kjrmi*^  tu/f  dnwl 
Roelofif  Kip  K'.i'-nniiiU  ai!«[. 

Jacob  Kip  i . . , i.s<  1  V.nmuM 


''.* 


*    ».  , 


.^ 


■]l 


...  ■■  ■,!, 


■  ■>{     _     i 


■« 


''        ■! 


1^     A"  V'l       -• 


•  ■♦;■>; 


;», 


.. 


806 


,M    STATE    OF    THE         t 


Abraham  Slip 

MathysSleght 

Evert  Van  Wagenen 

Goese  Van  Wagenen 

Hendrickus  Heermans 

Lowrence  Oosterhout 

Peter  Tippell 

Albartus  Shriver 

Stephen  Frelick  .if^<>  x^ffth 

Arent  Oostrander  A.  tnttn 

PhiUp  FeUer 

Henry  Filkin  ^«>fr» 

Francis  Hagaman 

John  Gay  :  .i.v„ 

Isaac  Filkin    >jN  ?<•  imslvi^  v  u 

Jan  Ostrom  ?lMt4f;vi{  qllh: 

Roeloff  Ostrom      '^MW  ^irf'  ■ 

Simon  Flegelaer 

Augustine  Creed 

Jacob  Hoff 

Lowrence  Hoff 

Isaac  Germain       ■• 

Isaac  Germain  Jun* 

Josias  Crego 

Isaac  Tietsort 

Richard  Sackett 

Gerret  E :  Van  Wagenen 

Isaac  Runnells 

Isaac  Runnells  Jun' 

Frans  Van  Dyck 

Nehemiah  Runnells 

Nicholas  Van  Wagenen 

Peter  Palmer 

Nathaniell  Marshall '  ■  ;    !   •  : 

Joseph  Palmer  •-  /  1 1-  ;i[' 

Jacob  Van  Campen        ;^  '^  >/t 

John  Runnells  il'A  ■:  ' .♦  i 

Samuell  Palmer  U  '■  '<  ?«  xi 


rr 


»Vl 


f  -{ 


■!  I'd* » 
third 


Joshua  Palmer 
Manuell  Gonselesduck 
William  Palmer    . 
Peter  Lassing 
Isaac  Lassing 
William  Lassing 
Christophell  Van  Bomell 
Jacob  Van  Wagenen 
Lewis  Du  Bois 
Mathys  Du  Bois 
Marcus  Van  Bomell 
Rudolphus  Swartwoudt 
Mathewis  Van  Keuren 
Hendrick  Willsie 
Elias  Van  Buntschoten 
Jacobus  Van  Bomell 
Thomas  Lewis 
Henry  Vandenbur(;h 
John  Concklin     M  :  >  * 
Jacob  L6w 
Joliannis  Van  Kleek 
Simon  Freer  7Vft';  i 

Mosis  De  Graaff 
Barnardus  Swartwoudt 
Johannis  Tappon 
Myndert  Vandenbogart 
Hendrick  Ostrom 
Barent  Van  Kleek 
Frans  La  Roy  -  •/: 

Lowrence  Van  Kleek 
Jacobus  van  Den  Bogart 
Frans  Filkin 
Bowdewine  La  Count 
Lowrence  Gerbrantz  ,  .  . 
Robert  Kidney  ;    ' 

Peter  Viele  .'.•;..   n 

John  Emons       ,  ?i  /f 
Magiel  Pells 


•  M\  'i"\. 


'?  Kl\'i'i 


.l::-'^-.  '•. 


.;:■■  •■ 


PROVINCE  Oji*  MEW    YORK 


if)   '\i 


.X 


'.U 


:  .  '.7> 


I  A 


Abraham  Freer  Jun'       ' 

Peter  Parmatier 

Gybsert  Peelen 

Arie  Van  Vliet 

Johaonis  Van  Benthuysen 

William  Syfer 

William  Smith  Secundus 

Alexander  Griggs 

Jacobus  De  Yeo 

James  Auchmoty 

Samuell  Mathews 

George  Ellsworth 

Johannis  DoUson 

Jacob  De  Witt 

David  De  Dutcher 

John  Cook 

John  Carman 

Nicholas  Koens 

Nicholas  Emigh 

Hendrick  Ow' 

Mosis  Nauthrup 

Stephen  Crego      ■  i  '"* 

Peter  Simpson 

John  Gamble 

William  Humphreys 

Francis  Nellson 

Thomas  Davinport 

Isaac  Van  Amburgh       «     ••>• 

Peter  Du  Bois  Jun'    ,    -  *  *  > 

Cornells  Bogardus  '  ■  •• 

Jac»  )bus  De  Peyster  >  i 

John  Calkin  Jun'         ■ 

Johannis  Van  Voorhees 
Coert  Van  Voorhees      '  ^<i  !•: 
Johannis  Van  Voorhees  Jun* 
Hendrick  Philip       .v.   f. -(i!, 
Johannis  Middellaer 
John  Lossee 


'  ijt/ijn 


I  (•; 


/•IwillaU 

Hendrick  Van  Tessell   -fKvJi?wU*% 
Hendrick  Ter  Boss  »  imv -ihikfiT' 
Robert  Britt  /  f^^f  nunhiii 

Jacobus  Ter  Boss  /ju 

Comelis  Van  Wyck ...,y-^  MT 


Johannis  Willsie 
Johannis  Ter  Boss 
Isaac  Dollson 
Teunis  Van  Vliet 


Francis  Britt 
Hendrick  Bosekrans 
Thomas  Langdon 
John  Baily 
Christiaan  Du  Bois 
Jacobus  Swartwout 
Theodorus  Van  Wyck 
Benjamin  Hasbrook 
Willem  Schutt 
George  Brinckerhoff 
Daniell  Boss 
Ephraime  Bloome    , ., 
John  Brinckerhoflf   ^ ,. 
Corne^s  Lossee  ;;      > 
Lowrence  Lossee 
Jonathan  Du  Bois     ,: 
Jacob  Du  Bois       .? 
John  Montross    .  •..;'■ 
Peter  MuflFord     ,      -J 
John  flewellen 
William  Drake    '     .; 
Joshua  Griffen 
William  Ver  Planok 
Samuell  Hallstead 
Daniell  Yeor.ans 
John  Rosekrans    i    )  : 
Cornells  WillsiQ 
Maes  Oostrauder 
Abraham  Swartwoudt 


T  •fiuDo'J 


t;! 


».-*'. 


<J1V 


■1 


»(i 


!il   -t.'l- 


I         1 


■C"  ■<' 


H 


-  r 


I  ■ ... 


*.  i 


»■ 


% 


T«,v.^ 


41 


■s*% 


?1*, 


si 

,1 , 


f08 


^      STATS  OV  THK 


.>JM 


Isaac  Brinckerhoff 
Baltus  J  Van  kleek 
Baltus  B  Van  kleek 
Simon  La  Roy 
Ahaswarus  Van  kleek 
Tennis  Van  Buntskoten 


Peter  Outwater 
Jacob  Brinckerhoff  ■ 
Hendrick  Mufford 
Marten  Shenk 
Mathew  Du  Bois  Jun> 
Abraham  De  Graeff 


Gideon  Ver  Veelen 

Dutchess  ss  August  28: 1740 

The  Aforegoing  is  a  True  List  of  the  ffreeholders  of  said 
County  To  the  best  of  my  knowledge. 

a  JA.  WILSON  Sheriff 


I' 


A  LIST  OF  THE  OFFICERS  AND  SOIBERS 

BELONGING  TO  THE  REGIMENT  OF  FFOOT  MILITIA  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF 
OKANGE  IN  THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK  CONSISTING  OF  EIGHT 
COMPANYS  OF  FFOOT  WHEREOF  TINCENl  MATHEWS  IS  COLL". 


Vincent  Mathews  Coll 
Soil®  Carpenter  Let*  Coll: 
George  Ramsen  Major 
Michael  Jacson  Adej* 
James  Tompson  Quart* 

first  Company  .    . 

Ram  Renisen  Cap*  * 

Cornelius  Smith  Liv*  5^  li- 
Eb  Smith  Ensiue  -^i^'  i »: 
Three  Sarjents  i.''"'?  •:  I'.i 
Three  Corporalls  '  '  ■  ^  '•'  ^ 

One  Drumer 
Sixty  Three  private  men— in 

all  73  -.  ;. 

2  Company  ^i*  *• 

Sam"  Odel  Cap*  v  .n 

Henry  Cuyper  Liv*  '    • 

Beldam:  AUison  Ensine  ^  ^  ^  *' 


Three  Sarjents  ** 

Three  Corporalls       -  . 
one  Drumer 

fifty  Eight  private  men— in  aU 
68 

3  Company  mi' 
John  Holly  Cap* 
Mich  Duning  Liv* 
Solomon  Carpenter  Jun*^  Ensine 
Three  Sargents         /  ; 
Three  Corporalls 

one  Drumer 

one  Hundred  &  Eleven  private 
men — in  all  121  ,     . 

4  Company 

Jacobus  SWwTtwoot  Cap* 
Johan*  West  Brook  Liu* 
Johan"  West  Brook  Jun' Ensine 
Three  Sarjents 


^ffp 


PROVIKCE  OF    NEW  YORK. 


d(r9 


Three  Corporalls       ,  7  Company         r:  n :  >  !  i  Tf  ini^f. 

oneDrumer  Jacob  Vander  Bilt  Oa]j)* 

Ive  private  men-— in  all  65  Andrew  Underdonk  LiV*        * 

Axon  Smith  Ensine 

Three  Sargents 

Three  Corporalls      it»i»il  '"^"»>t 

one  Drumer  ^s/.i.i  rj ^..j 

fifty  private  men — In  all  60   = 
Troop  of  Hors  •>?  T«>«>1 

Henry  Youngs  Cap*  )4UJ"  '  nu.^H 


5  Company  .     u. 

Nathaniel  Dubois  Cap< 

David  Sovtherlon  Lent 

Isaac  Hennion  Ensine 

Three  Shargents      J  i  «aH  »'v'i(f • 

Three  Corporalls       irj«^.  ''isiv 

oneDrumer  UU  f^innk' 

Sixty  three  private  mwi — ^inall  W«»  MapesLiv*  iwjjm.O   niit^^ 

MichaelJacson  Com*  '^  !>0 
Two  Shargents  ->'-  -  ' ^  ^"'' - 
Two  Corporalls  ..?!  >i<.  i  •' >  i-!fn«« 
One  Trumpeter  '      '' 

fifty  two  private  men — In  all  60 
The  tota]]  595 

ofiicers &  Soldiers    n'*'.'  "tiiv'-: 
Sub  officers     56  ffbot  '*  «'tf*^^ 


V'.  i   vK.  At>\./    lull' 


73 
6  Company 

Abra  Hearing  Ju'  Cap*     ' 
Garret  Blawvelt  Liv*     t  ■••■'a 
John  Hearing  Ensine       f^^y' 
Three  Sargents 

Three  Corporalls       .  i  k'  /    ' .- 1 ;  i 
oneDrmner  lU'M  -**> 

Sixty  two  pri  v^ate  men — In  all  72 

The  above  is  a  Trew  Account  of  the  numbers  of  y*  Officers  & 
Soldiers  boath  of  Hors  &  foot  under  my  Command  in  the  County 
of  Orange  according  the  Respective  Roles  I  have  Received  from 
each  Respective  Cap* 

This  20  Day  of  June  1738    •        '         VIN''  MATHEWS 


.'*ll   1. '.,   'It     {       !(l 


LIST  OF  THE  QUEEN'S  COUNTY  COMPANY 

COMMANDED   BY   CAP^"   JACOB   HICKES 

Calipr;»mari    ^'^•■■^■i '!"'»' '-^H^ 

Nat!.<^'  VoUmtine    '^>'^^'  '^ '  "^ 

B«n»»  vallintine ' 

Tho  Lee 

Jo"*  Lee 

Ric**"  Townsend      ' 

Sim*"  Searing 

George  Gfldev^Teeve 

John  Mott 

14 


CapJaco  Hicks 
Lef.  Sam"'  Seman 
In»'  Jos^e  Bams 
Sa:  John  Carle        " 
Sa :  John  SovthwoM 
Sa :  Solomo  Seman 
Sa  r  Will'*  Pine 
Tho  Carman        '^ 
Tho  Spragg        '  ' 
Vol.  IV. 


t'i  •*  i>:, 


'•■■'^•'■lr.  l>i''I 


M' 


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210 


STATE    OF    THK  <ff*¥- 


1^   .?f.„& 


t^l  •    'ki 


;.i-# 


Sam  Williams          j 

Josep  Carman               >      :f^ 

■ 

Elias  Dorl  ,ii 

Hen  Seman 

■             LIST  ( 

Roba  Williams 

Jo8*p  Seman 

H        i  LIST  OF  THE 

John  Bedle 

Gar*  Smith 

1    John  Brown  Ci 

SamBedle 

Josep  Pettet 

H    Peter  Low  first 

Jere«n  Bedle 

George  Boldin                 Ann 

fl    W"  Harmerslj' 

John  Jonson 

Dan>i  Bedle 

1    Henry  Rew  thi 

Will'  T.angdon 

Jeam*  Smith 

U     Willillam  Carr 

Josep  T^angdon 

Isaac  Jarman 

9    William  Hilltoi 

Samv  Langdon 

Jeams  Bedle 

1     Vicktor  Beeker 

Sam   Ciuman           .   ]aU  " 

7f  Joseph  Wood 

1     Zebadiah  Hunt 

Dei''-  Brevar           vf.  f^.' •'•; 

m  John  Carle:  J            '     f^t 

9    Henry  Ricke 

Th"  Manering 

."  Ben«»  Pine  "            ifii-'m, ')  d 

1    John  Tebout 

jkrns  Cornelos 

Rio'*a  Gildersleeve 

1    William  Floyde 

I)r^'  Pine 

Ben>^  Bedle                 a  -nwir 

M    John  Turner  ^^ 

Eu;v'f  Spragg  , 

JosepJ*  Bedle 

M    Trances  Siluestc 

Tor"^  Smith 

Adani  Mott                        :-- 

■    Andre;^  Law  Ju 

Sam'e  Rainer 

Sam^  •  Carman                 >-~^u\ 

1    fienlaman  Thon 

Ben»a  Wood              .    :      • 

R'ch*  Maniring 

■    John  Braser 

Ben'»  Wood 

John  Seman 

■    John  Golett 

Sam^«  Bertsel      ,,;,,:,,„  .rU 

Jacob  Seman          v  .  .:  •.  r 

1    Jsreal  Chadwick 

Will :  Totton    ,^itim< ' '--  ^u 

Jonas  fflower 

■    John  Morschali< 

Ben>»  Britsel    ^^f<  j  , ;,  ■, 

Rich*  Totton   ?,,,v.rt  »:ji„  >0  1, 

I    TbarnettBasley 

Jeams  Wood 

Will.  Verity               ;>'['<.. 

1    Alexander  Aliai 

Abra»>  Sovthward    / 

John  Sovthword.  J      .^   ^,7 

1    Jacob  Golett    '  '^ 

Char'"  Abrahams 

Daniel  Hevl§t 

1    Thomas  Hill 

John  Abrahai iis                 ' ' 

■^  Math*  Totte!i    ' 

William  Smith 

Jesp'Tottoa       .  .    lY/Xhn 

y-  Sam»«  Totten        r,a  5 

John  Pintard 

Robart  J.ee 

Robart  Marvin 

James  Spencer 

Tho  Gildersleeve  Dnimnie." 

JTohnSmithJ.           .'  '--A  <y\ 

Andrew  Bristed 

John  Smith 

John  Rivine?'               sk   ^  ;. 

Phillip  Jacob  Bo 

Mordeca  Lester 

Jeams  Pine                 *^"i!ti>4     ' 

Jeremiah  Lattou 

Rich  Bedle                  .y,j  , 

Beni*  Smith               ii,    l:J, 

Thomas  Niblett 

Sam^*  Seman  J             ..vj  • 

■"  ,  J  Jeams  Seman              u  < '  :  i/- 

Hasewell  van  Ci 

Dani«>  Smith    1,0**8.4/^,  T  '..! 

Jeams  Mott 

Abraham  Pells 

Tho  Seaman 

Sara'«  Seman                  ,*  ; ., 

John  Walker 

This  is  a  tru  Copy  taken  out  of  ye  Original  Roll  by  me          | 

Moses  Gamboa 

flJV.'Si        14 

CAPN   JACOB  HIOKES 

1  Allbartus  Tebou 

>  ) 


PRovnrcE  OF  new  york. 


«tl 


LIST  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  COMPANIES  I73a      riot 

A  LIST  OF  THE  BLUE  ARTILLKRY  COMPANY  UNDER   JOH»  WAIJ}BOir. 

John  Brown  Capt  Lietenant       John  Bjuank 


WtWt' 


■♦.     •/Jli'>' 


Peter  Low  first  d|tto 

yfftti  Harmersly  second  ditto 

Henry  Rew  third  ditto        • 

Willillam  Carr 

William  Hillton        _^,;.  ^y 

Vicktor  Seekers 

Zebadiah  Hunt 

Henry  R'.cke 

John  Tebout 

Willia?fl  Floyde 

John  Turner 

Tran'ies  Siluester      1*^^^  -  '« 

Andreiv  Law  Jiin'    ''^t-^  - 

Beniaman  Thomas         '''* 

John  Braser 

John  Golett 

Isreal  Chadwick  "*«^^4»'^  -    . 

John  Morschalick     v/<l-^.ii' 

Tharnett  Basley   '  5"?'^'»  ^' ' '< " 

Alexander  Aliar  '^'*^^  ''*"''  '=**' 

Jacob  Golett       '«='^    •<!  .'<•>- 

Thomas  Hill 

William  Smith 

John  Pintard 

James  Spencer 

Andrew Bristed    "*"  "^>    '•>' 

Phillip  Jacob  Bomper       ^-'  ' 

Jeremiah  Lattouch  ^'  ■  - 

Thomas  Niblett  -^  "=' 

Hasewell  van  Cure  '' 

Abraham  Pells  '  *  ■' 

John  Walker  i"»>"^i'  'if'*'^'?^ 

Moses  Gamboa      •••'■^■••''^     '• 

Allbartus  Tebout       '•*' 


Danel  Bonett 

William  Carr  '     ^  "-^f^'^tt 

John  Lewis  ii-iK/f.iJV 

Dauid  Griffis  i^X  mHUm 

Robert  Frouoost 

Peter  Pantynier 

Ahasuars  Ellsnorth 

Joseph  Lidle       ^'^ 

John  Turnian     '"'  * 

Richard  Baker   uJ'ii^w^d  ivift 


James  Sauers 
Samuel  Lawrance 
Isaak  Johnson    -- 
Thomas  Hunt 
Nicholas  Carmer 
Jacob  Sarly 
Mathew  Wocllfe 
Robert  Benuett 
Edmond  Peers 
Robert  Wood      ^' 


/  khtii' 


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John  Hunt        '  ^ 
Henry  Williams 
Peter  Demett 
John  Lush 
Andrew  Mansfild 
Alexander  Phinix 
Samuel  Bourdett 
James  Tucker 
Linthorn  Ratsey 
Jacob  Phinix 
Daniel  Bloom 
Robert  Ratsey 
Jaob  Kip 
Henry  Tucknep 


fi   i; 


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.JHUrt  OTATE  OF  T^f^Hw 


James  Hill 
John  Bell 
Phillip  Brown 
Thomas  Tateke 
Richard  Barker 
James  Skellton 
Richard  Jeffers 
William  Deen 


William  Boyde 
'"(•'»         Dauid  Goodwine 
Samuel  Pay  ton 
Jespajp  Bush 
Vincent  Bodino 
James  Fauear 
William  Bryant 


^'M'i&  bhtad 


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f;i(iiijvv 

mi/ 


LIST  OF  THE  COMPANY  OF  MILITIA 

UNDER  THE  COMMAND  OF   GERARD  BEEKMAN.  , 

first  Lieutenant  &  Second  Ditto   John  Delamontanje     r 
Richd  Van  Dam  &  Jacob  MiUei  John  Lashly  Jun» 
bothDeQ"^,  '.7-"*' David  Gallation 

Meyer  Insign  noa  resident    Lucas  Kierstead 

John  Nicholl*  im' *n'  uBiftKro-^li 
Richard  Bocas         tfj?^-'^  hM 
WiUiam  Eagles       t^jit^)  (.<,,i 
Sargants  .     John  Beekman      ffhv.>j|.,,>i 
.  ^.  . . .    ..  Janies  Davie         ^,^i ,{/  ..fi,.; 

>V:  //  rj>f' :f{  Jo^"  V^  Deursen 
',  H  Hitol  Jacob  De  Lamontanje 


Gerard'  Comfoid 
W™  Gilbert 
Ger*  Harsen 
Dan"  Gotier 

Jacobus  Quick 
Tho"  Howard 


Abraham  Ten  ]^ck    ^f  Ym^jJI  Jacob  Slover 


IT.M, 


Aron  Smith 

John  King 

Lewis  Nordyn 

Daniel  Meker 

James  Toung 

John  Quick 

John  Van  Gylder.  ^^H  tmik..^, 

John  Williams 

John  Bassett 

Jacob  Haraw        /h»  ., 

Arie  Bogaert       v '         j-^, 

Peter  MarschaUs;        , ,  f  .^^. ,  1  r 


/■'MT. 


■>.!t'Hri    ', 


I   till' 


«-.ih'i<  I  l'*)^•M  David  Van  Gelder 
f<>if  1  ,'!,!  u  David  Provoost 

Barent  Coerten    ,,. 
Jacob  Trimper     i;,^.:;  ;. -iji;/. 
Collin  Bursey  i.a  ,],y^.A  ui|tj,i.;. 
....  Swaen 

John  Ti\jew  ., ._ .  ,,-., 

Walter  Heyer 
Charles  Missebagh 
Jeremia  Sherdewyn      ,  7  p  ,> 
Peter  Rusten  ;;,5)  ^^5,,,;, 

39  men     f.,f  isnfH,^!!/. 


']*\ 


PROyiMCB  OF  MEW  TOfiX. 


21B 


A, LIST  OP  THE  COMPANY  "^ 

BEIiONOINO  UNDER  TItE  COMMAND  OF  CAPT.   CHABLES  LABOKIS.      ^ 

Gal>>  Ver  Flank,  first  Lut>>  John  Killmaster 
TobiasStoutenburghseoondLutn  James  Harding 
David  Abeel  Insigne  Dirk  Amerman 

/>a  ft 'V'*''  €ohan  Jurry  Mitter 
Johan  france  Waldron 
Thomas  Wood 
,"        William  Brown 
v,,,Uaiifc 'William  Strong      ■    A'^i^if'i^^ 
-ff  a^tdt .  William  Hoppe     "'^^i  'S'^^  rt^uV 
H  ifc;  William  Home        ""^^^^  ''^'^'-l^ 
'  n>M'  Abraham  Van  Arant  ■^^'*^'  J^fv.j'T 
Phillip  Soper 
Thomas  Montai\jea 
Abraham  Poalin 


f ',  y. .  y^,.  Petrus  Montai^ea 
'' '       '     JohnAckerson 


Andrew  Hunter 

Henry  Carmer 

John  Dewint 

Joseph  Hayse 

Gilbert  Rotery 

Seth  Smith 

Samuel  Burling 

John  Man 

William  Freedenburgh 

William  Seatly 

John  Freedenburgh 

Hannes  Snoek 

Lucas  Van  Veghte  '       Edward  Anderson 

John  Surges  Richard  Green 

JohnRoberson  ^  •''' Isaac  Van  Gelder       ^■'' 

George  Ellman  ^'^^^■''^  "♦  •^"  Phillip  Young 

John  Tennor    '**^'  '*'''''  ••*^.  ['^ '  Jones  Wright 

William  Snyder     "^^"^  ^'^-  ^-  ''  William  Van  Syce 

.i«l|  teiUur  "William  Moor 
noli  mn-  Joseph  Montanjea 
;.K  nm  uifMU  James  Louwe  i^^  • 

"•^  ' '^^  *•''  John  Van  Wyke        ''' 
•ui  ^Hli   i   TheophelesElswort    '  '' 
J  ^'l  un.t'i^'  Mathew  Redit 


i 

■  i  ■ 


Daniel  Dyke 

William  Dyke 

Abraham  Fersel 

John  Casanie 

Phillip  Sha^oth 

Jacob  Shareman 

John  Grig 

Israel  Shadick 

William  Roose  ^^^^    "/ 

Daniel  Revoe  fi'-' '-* 

Joseph  Annow 

Standly  Homes 

Comeilius  Quackenbosh 


.    Andrew  Redit 
'■^'  iFredrick  Sebrant 
if      '1    *^'  John  Coxs 
v*V   »M  ii;  Baran  Juda 
Peter  Smith 
Fredrick  Becker 


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214 

James  Simson 
John  Meserol 
Marta  Bont 
Uendrick  Orders 
Tunes  Tebout 
John  Coxs 
Isaac  Demilt 
Martlnus  Bogaart 
John  Balden 
Henry  Jenkings 
Aron  Magerson 
John  Magerson 
Robert  Carter 
Frank  Moanjr 


'   TA  J  i  «  . 


titt'f'tt.1 


STATE  OF  THE    l'<im 

Oeorge  Arter 
Samuel  Pell 
John  Lawrence 
John  Kingston 
Peter  Degrot 
Patrick  Smith 
Joseph  Doty 
John  Montanjea 
Esias  Smith 
Peter  Wyth 
Isaac  Borea 
Thomas  Wallace 
Peter  Panebaker 


•vf.!,f..f 


itiitli  ifnUii. 
■tmi'w')  4,%fhh 

Simon  Breasted— 94    M]  biuiuy 

»__— ^■.i'fjf«fr<'>1>«»*»i''l  inoil'iv/ 
•'  %Ut^¥'.  amlUJl 


CAPT.  STUYVESANT'S  COMPANY. 


G'  Stuyvesant  Asq'  Cap' 
Lif*  Ja<;obus  Kip 
Insine  Phillip  MUithocrne 

Sariants 
John  Horn 

Marten  Van  Evera        > 
Dlrrick  Benson 
William  Waldron 


Christian  Haitman 
William  low 
Jacob  Tinne 
Fransis  Child 
John  Minthome 
Chemalus  Child 
Fradrick  Webbers 
John  Harson 
Charls  Dosson 
Jacob  Horn 


Arnovt  Horn 
John  Kip 

Isack  De  Lamantanya 
Andris  Anderson 
David  De  Voor  Se» 
David  De  Voor  Ju' 
Abraham  Anderson 
Johnthon  Hardmon 
Arron  Buse 
William  Richson 
JohB  Bas  Se' 
John  Bas  Ju' 
Abraham  De  Lamarten 
MathanMegure       i-yii,i>j 
Burger  Van  Evera 
Jolm  Sprong 


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John  De  Voor 
.  Robert  Greage 
John  Waldron  Van  Hornshoke 


PROVIMOX  OF  irXW  YORK. 


Bepjamin  Waldron 

John  Waldron 

Arron  Kortreght 

John  Benson 

Abraham  Van  Bramen 

Isack  Mier 

John  Sickels 

Omfre  Patoo 

Abraham  Myer  Ju» 

Alton  Myer 

John  Luis 

David  De  Voor 

Peter  Waldron 

Adovlf  Benson 

AdovlfMyer  Ju' 

John  Myer  Ju' 

Sammual  Waldron  J' 

John  Waldron  Van  hogt 

Jocom  Gardener 

Jacob  Gardener       ii;  nuiii 

John  Dyckman      .  gttijKU 

Lowrance  Low  .•Anu 

Abraham  Van  Braman 

John  Karsse 

Abraham  Karsse 

Ressolvert  Waldron 

John  Van  Oblenes 

Jacob  Dyckmen 

Jacob  DTckmen  Ju' 


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John  Nagel  Ju' 

Harman  Van  Dewater 

Addrian  Hogland 

John  Anderson 

Chemalus  Dyckman 

Edde  Van  Evera 

Handrick  Van  Flackra 

Tunnes  Van  Flackra 

William  Dickre 

John  Dyckman 

Nicklus  Dyckman        ' 

John  Fox  •;  •'' 

John  Wabbers 

Jacob  Van  Ourda  ' 

Abraham  Van  Flackra" 

Isack  Wabbers 

Chornalus  Wabbers     ^^ 

John  Hoppah  h  ^> '•'     • 

Andris  Hoppah      i*x  n I H  i ' '  ui : ; 

John Cownoven        rt-^'i  i.  >.tlU^/ 

Fonlkert  Somerindiek  ;*i"<  ^•' ''  '^'- 

Isack  De  Lamter 

William  Algalt 

Fradrick  Allgalt 

John  Dufifeback 

John  Mandevele 

Jelyes  Mandevele 

Choranlus  Wabbers — 86  men 


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CAPT  RICHARDS  COMPANY 

A  MAI.IT1A  COMPANY   UNDER   ¥£   ESPECIALL  COMMAND   OF 

Paul  Richards  Esq'  Joseph  Coutey  Inslgne 

Cornelius  Sandford  First  Lef     Moses  Gomer  Glarke 
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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  HSSO 

(716)  172-4503 


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Henry  Meyer 
.  John  Vang^ker 


STATS  or  THX 


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Abraham  VangelderC^^^^^^^^John  Ellsworth 
Nicholas  anthony      J  Anthony  Lamb 


Jacob  morris        !>l*iV/  njiffftjii^ 
Hendrikes  Bulen  iioijiu;?/  hAiA. 


Cornelius  Myer  fj  i»rrtsm^* 
William  Varnall  sY>6l^' 

James  Weyley  j  ri/Of  >f:>iifni 
Joseph  Waldroa  *  -'yon 
John  Bealy  y)>;.,ia  tit«lll 

Isaac  Twenty  men     inil')(tl  if 
William  Hyer      ^..-yfpi  miH- 
Burtoll  miller  '»^>'H  tt 

James  Best  *,iftd<UW  n 

Andrew  Clappaii  >{uO  £i»V  d< 
John  Roerlpt^  r  'rtii^t  sn^'in:-- 
Cornelius  seabrean  >ffd/?V/  ;(■ 
Wandle  Horn  ;*:*«;//  |»0fM{1. 
Richard  Anlay  Hs-iqr-H  si 
Samuell  Hazard  r^({€^  ^i^il 
William  Procter  >;<"''J  rr 

John  Wright  i  u  •'  vjHjJtfj 
Thomas  Brown  •  -  •  ^  ■'  ' 
John  basett 

James  Budselott  ^'"-^Mf  M'^iiJ 
Henriques  Wesselto  'l^td  i 
Petter  vandick  fiimnU  t 
Richard  vandick  -hix^U  rv 
Danif^UTaw  a'ls^jor,//  f^^iriam 
John  Rynders 
John  Taylor 

Jacobus  Montanie       • .  ^_ 

Seidney  Briess 
Potter  Fressneau 
Nathaniell  Hazard 
Alexander  Weyley    '''•»^-^'^*'"* 
Cornelius  Turk   il  vsrii/fp  d<{ 


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!f<'.*.h„ 


William  Guest 

Albartus  Bush 

John  Coae 

Henry  bedlow 

James  Brown 

John  Horse 

Joseph  Read 

Herry  King 

Lawrence  Fresst 

Arculas  Windfford 

John  Fordham 

James Favier        'f*»'  'i'^fM  ''••■>• 

William  Stone    nl^wrf/  l*Wnh!,'i> 

MathiasGonear.''  nmhlBir  lu!. 

Gerrett  &  andrew  Abnibams 

Ephfiriam  Braiser 

Jacob  Abraham        *Ti>}  ?  f « I  »    • : 

Alexander  Oglesby  "  ■  "tirif  ' 

John  Myer  nui''»n4A 

Isaac  Revara  ^^•''*'>^  ^'«' ' 

David  V«i  home-  «^  umhvik 

Isaac  Blanck  i!o-xt)JKW  rh^v!..^i-¥>)l 

Petter  Coake  ^!<Mi'  V  n^'A 

Baniell  Dunscum    '^^  'r<» '  •  ^^'^ 

Curoth  Covernover  P^^^'^'^  '■  ''«^ 

Thomas  Picketh 

Petter  Prawboneth 

John  Steward 

Denis  Hicks 

Andrew  barhead  Senior 

Andrew  barhead  Junior 


John  Masiay 


I'Wv 


'W^K^^^.  it^^* 


PBOVUfq^  QW  WW  YORK 


BIY 


William  McDovali. ,  Hflni»i« 
Ellias  Mambrewtt  '  MnfriJI 
John  Flasher  ^    .||. 


^•m;? 


y  Fetter  A  Toatts     '  '    *4J 

Jt  Stephen  Burdet^h73  Men     ?A 

-^i^ 


»-frf-nBJ/r"}<ii!r'^ 


cm,  BODLBN'S 

4N  E3U1CT  UST  OR  ]^U^T](»  ROU|.  OF 

Cap*  Abrah  Boelen 
Lut*  Abrah  Van  Wyk 
Sec.  Lut.  Henry  Beekman 
Insign  William  de  Peyster 
Sargiants 

1  Victoor  Heyer 

2  Kasper  Burger 

3  Jno  Roome 

4  Jno  Meyer,      j^  i^g-^^d 

5  Walter  Heyer     jjUJiM 

6  William  Beek  ^^i 

7  Isack  y^iU  Peurse    .^-^ 

8  William  Bal4w«l|  jj^/.^j 

9  JnoCkw  ;f^f,!(l/ 

10  Jno  Farm^ter      ,ra:rfol 

11  Edward  H^ter    f  mkil 

12  Jn»  TenBrouk  jho*)*! 

13  Arond  Heyevu  iT.^;,i,H 

14  William  Heyer   .i(j.'i«c)l 

15  William  Ogle^y   ,{«p, 

16  Oliver  Sioert 

17  Corneliua  Van  Den  Bei^ 

18  Johannes  AjelMy»i 

19  Samuel  BeJi  :>i/ 

20  JnpBiarlow        ■ '■     '  ! 

21  Abrah  A.eylatyn  imi' 

22  Saiwpaan  Bensin  (tuuin^ 

23  Abrah  Finsher    H  flif^l 


24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
"?T  «*A,  ^29 

32 
33 
<.34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 


MfH 


!f"M  •    ' 


COMPANY.    >uuU^  Hil    m 

THE  COMPANY   WHEREOF  IS     t^ 

3b9  Conzyit    ^ij^^^.i^fxi    *<> 
JnoHatton 
Phillip  Boiles 
Joseph  de  Vou 
Thomas  Windover 
Samuel  Berry 
Henry  George  ;_ 

Harman  Bensin 
GerritHyer        wi^rjtjBCI 
Jno  Demmok,^y,^.^j^?;  i^^j 
Harman  Linch    i^ .,(|  > /.>, i  « 
Jno  Van  Home 
Peter  Hebon 
Joshua  Slyder 
Jacobus  Berry 
Jno  Walker 
Vincent  Montanie 
Walter  Hyer     ^^-mBH 
Cornelius  Bussing    t^^t, 
Jeptah  Smith      -liwidk 
Gerret  Cozyn     v"  n«i^- 
Adriaen  Hogeland  ubI 
Henry  Slyk  utfi 

Thomas  Welsh  u  .t.>l/ 
James  Turner  *B  fif!t>T. 
William  Roome  i  riiioL 
Peter  Roome  •  ■  t'>fiT 
Thomas  Lawrence  f?^  I 
Jno  Barker  ^'»^'^  t**.! 
Daniel  Van  Deurse  '  *  i- 


) 


\ 


hiruv'ill  r?' 


(1 


A? 


-i"  >^] 


'*a':1 


':^i"' 


;   ■» 


» 


4  .  f  .  < 


>     ^ 


r       1  '^* 


V     -^ 


I    j 

•  n 


l-V."':'' 


'm-  " 


MM     '"" 


*  i''. 


S18                                    X*<    8TAT1 

!  OF 

THB'  ■'^- 

.\ 

54    Samuel  Dunscomb 

63 

Machiel  Comelisse 

55    Thomos  Sanders 

64 

Robef  d  Troop 

56    William  Welsh 

65 

Jn«  Montayue              -&">• 

57    Jn»  James 

66 

Jacob  Roome 

58    Robberd  Sickles 

67 

George  Vaii  Home 

59    William  Lattim 

6*8 

Fredrik  Bloom 

60    Jno  Johnson 

69 

Herman  Johnson 

61    Jn«Exeen 

70 

Cornelius  Van  Hook— 74 

62    George  Willin 

H 

X^\) 

Di,  i  i*i,  j;%i :(">-'" 

New  York  Feb'  8  Ao  1737  |  8. . 

i 

A  LIST  OP  THE  COMPANY 

4^ 

OF  CAPT.  CORNELUS  VAN  HORNE.                   ./      J 

Cap*  Cornelus  Van  Home 

David  MicheU           '^'; 

♦, 

t 

Lev*  Jacob  Walton 

Benjamen  Loory 

,% 

2  Lev*  David  Provoost 

20 

Phillip  Lewis 

V 

Insign  Henry  Rutgers 

John  Christian 

f  Arie  King 

Samuel  Bamhart     '  '' 

% 

Serjeants  )  ^^'^^  ^'^ 
''           y  Henry  Benson 

Marthen  Myer       ^  ^ 
Isack  Brazier          '*''^ 

.-,' 

(  Aemout  Rome 

25 

Abraham  Peltrou      '''; 

;'f 

Johannes  Pool          '^''^ 

■h 

5    Samson  Benson  Sam*  Son 

John  Van  Pelt        ""^ 

•I 

James  Hyde 

Charles  Sprangler    '  ■'^- 

n 

Abraham  Sanders    '^'*'" 

Robbert  Provoost     "^ 

<■■( 

Samson  Benson  Thewes  Son  30 

Joshua  Laplaine 

tj 

James  Clerck          -^A 

Samuell  Weevep      »' ^'' 

• 

10    Samuel  Maghee  xiiiiK 

Jonathan  Peasley 

...• 

Alexander  Maghee  rf'C. 

Peter  Vergeroa  'i»>»'"  ^' 

John  Stephens      s-jtrftt 

Edward  Killey 

f'  I 

John  Evvets            U^¥ 

35 

Nicolas  Murfey 

V 

Thomas  Perdou            '  - 

-  - 

John  Bogert  John  Son 

15    JohnWaddell 

iW 

Jacobus  Quick 

Lodewyck  kraan 

'  '7 

Samuell  Couwenoven 

(.:-. 

John  White         mhtj^ 

John  Robins 

V 

PBOTIMCB  OF  NEW  YORK. 


219 


40    Pleter  pontenier  John  Walless 

aswerusEIzewaart^^^^  "^^^^     John  Suttin 
Cap  Nathaniel  Hinson         "'    '  Richard  Durham 
Wynant  van  Oelder  Cornelus  Van  Gelder     "^'' 

Jonathan  Right  76    John  Saunders  '^' 

45    James  Burlin    '"♦'«'^t^«<*li        Jeremia  Sherdevine      «'''^* 

Richard  Gill  s^-^oriri'    -  Alexander  Mackdou     ""^^ 

William  Hauokshurst  <\fMtt»1.     v  Robberd  Marrell   >!**»>  'pI 

.  Lodewyck  BempeX''   ''{?*«ol,i' Thomas  Bradberry 

Daniell  Bountekoe  80    Peter  De  Groof     MfO  » 'H 

60    Abraham  Hyat  jt*'«»i:J  i'>'H       Wiliam  Bartled     '>  (\'hnH 
IsackBokee        JtinO  ^h(T       Thomas  Grant  ' 'Uuivi 

James  Bussy    vafvxU  ?  un/4.       Edward  Hix      ii  :  ?J  '''nftf: 
Aarent  Gilbord      'vT  *<  "^^         Orstin  Hix  '     ' ''• 

John  fine  ii-j't  <iji    85    Walter  Achter  de  Long     i' 


55    George  Joung 


f r  ..,,f. 


iKi 


Charles  Smith 


iM. 


James  Codden  Jun'      nHol^  Thomas  Sickels  Jun'    yr'^'tT  ■ 

George  Marschalk  Richard  Waldron 

Henry  Van  de  Water  Hendrick  Header  '•  '^^  f '  ^'  ? 

Daniell  Bonett  iW**r. 'I      00  Daniell  Vaun         >Mtl;ff'>?»' 

60    Jacob  Senjoor    £it^l«iO  ^**fV    t,;  Joseph  North  -riJ  ?sf\:lnhV 

Wiliam  Eckson      'jJ*-'f>f'//  JohnDunscum  -ki;/ 

HughWentwort     il  5^:«Uf;«  Joseph  Collett        ;.v  ■  fJ^i 

Phillip  Cetchim    y's^  '?  David  Schot  /     ' 

Gilbord  Hyatt    //v'H  fU,    95  Wiliam  Boyd 

65    John  Chappell   tm^  rx*'  John  Lake 

IsackVarian     '^'W  ff^ioiioe  Mathew  Woodford      'f'*?' 

NathanieU  Sackett  ^  «**ltiMn  Wiliam  CerUjal  ^     ;ft 

Isack  Gardner  jKitfiW  arf^f,  Abraham  Bokee     ^'-^  >?*>«  ^^ 

Mozes  Tayler  100  Caleb  Farley 

70    Thomas  Fealds  «->  i  *  101  Daniell  Van  Vleck— 105  ''^^ 


4f*-^M  iW  j'   -ti'-'jj.i     . 

^_  .    .  ;,—      L'iixtni  -1    ■)..'' 

; '.'.w^-iivr:i->?'^*r 

•'■■■>nu<f  '■'»■'  i' 

(^t4«-»^>  VTj-tTT 

«oii^^i-''*?H  'v!.>:l 

r.     ««l^r^  'nv>iH 

,.,  ,;?!j^A)a,s^nH  ->-'ri'/"' ' 

;        i  T^lltBtJ  tl.'^"l'. 

"'vr'tR  i""!!'!!'.!?'. J 

l6;W0»*i  ^i!if'»(Mt^ 

'0'nh*V^-iM):H'  <^^i'i'  ' 

f  <  • 


If  ;^ 

i 

h 

if 

■    ':.:^ 

P'fi' 

1 

1^' 

1  J*l 

Kj  1  ■!.  . 

i 

li 

Ir^ 

m 

iH-' 


I 

•  I- 


^>|; 


890 


./i,;x 


•TATE  OF  TBS 


A  LIST  OF  THE  COMPANY. 

OF  MALITIA  WHEREOF   IS  CAPTN.   HENRY   CDYLiaU 


Leiv«" 


:!'>fa 


at! 


James  Searle  l** 

Wil™  Walton  2d 

John  Yanderspegle  Ensign 

Tho»  HaU         > 

Ja-Creighton     l^^&^^^' 

W™  Colegroye 

Martin  Clock  ilMMl  mmk/i 

Sam"  Sage      1 1  mi>  immt^' 

Sam"  Lewis 

John  Hamans 

Hutebin  Marshal 

Benjamin  Mooie 

Humphry  Jones 

Sam'i  Babiogton 

John  Stout 

Hendrick  Cregeer 

Martinus  Cregeer  Svuaf 

Abraham  Baifieau  iol. 

John  Smith 

Benjamin  Shoot  ;>(  i  ta  * 

James  Wallbritten)?    m , ,ii i W 

Francis  Wessels   ,^.h.    mki^ 

Henry  Holt  /  >/idf«M 

ThosPeirce  Otii^iUW 

James  Jarret    f»4i  asiuir-id/ 

Sam"  Levy  («'?  deUr.) 

Daviid)  Robinson    «'/'  11  ii.a9<  I 

J  )hn  Pintard 

Tho»  Duncan 

Tobias  Ten  Ejrck 

John  Hastier 

George  Burnett 

Charles  Hume 

Joris  Brinckerhoff 


Jacob  Franks 
Moses  Franks 

David  Franks  ,.(. 

Tho»Wimt 
Joseph  Leddel 

Joseph  Leddel  Jon'        innt  -^ 
Stephen  Calas  r 

Rob*  Crook  •        rji?;   03 

Tho"  Oaks  ">i>MJ^tii' 
James  Bayley  :^l 

Tho»  Tyte  x  .u^j  „^,tw5A 
Sam"  Pell     '  uiol 

Gerardus  Dnyckinck         '    U 
John  M^'MuUen  .... 

Rich«»Ray  )H 

Wm  Shermnr 

1  John  Swilivan  ,;wj 

W"n  Orsban  ^-kmi     i.) 

W"  Gale  -tA-  0mili'tf 

BarantBush  .vn^mW  i\j^^H 
John  Wright  mUH 

'  Elijah  Heavilandit  In        ^ 
George  Lamb  ■  ■  ..ji.    ^>, 

Joseph  Watkins  ,  , .  <»wl 
Charles  Sleigh  HmmmitiA 
John  Williams     h-'^ti  -Amfi 

0*  Sam"  Myers  Cohen  *'  %*s*4/ 

I  AndriesTenEydc    'mvuT    i?v 
Rich«>  Ten  Eyck 
Peter  Telyew 
Henry  Demire 
Rob*  Richardson   ' 
Rich*  Evits 
John  Ganter  l    . 

Nicholas  Ganter 


PROVINGE  or  MSW   YORK. 


Thomas  Griggs       ,^i  ,^^^1 

Thomas  Origgs  Jun' 

William  Colwill 

Isaac  Shurdavine 

Rice  Williams 

John  Lundlakki  > 

Jacobus  Fork  •    '  ' 

Richard  Fork 

Elias  Burger 


—if. 


Sam"  Brown 
John  Dewitt 
John  Buckonover 
1 1  Franciss  Womer      ;  1 1  [I  i  W 

Ui\  Rineer  Burger      -}>«iM>^f4i. 

iii*  Daniel  Lynsed    viH  Yitf^ 

r'ji  David  Walker      ^|  iv<>M 

Tho«  Picks       *i^^  hamvH 


lis;  dooat 


3?i  Tho«  Rigby  uiwHrM 

Jacob  Vandergrift  ^a  itilol    TB  Rich^  Byfieilid  (;;>  «,-9r'>«t(>0 
Peter  Praw  Yinsant     i»1>u    80  Joseph  Scott    MUiW  rtilai 

■U-pyiY.     «r»  Lashare  m; 

JitK(t  .ii\  Charles  Hanley — 91  Men' 
ff>!>l    ,fT         97  (officers  omitted.) 


John  Gasharee 
Henry  Patterson 
Peter  Galatian 


•i'MffvHtK)-! 


vi- 

on 
It; 
Si? 

mi 


•^  A  LIST  OP  A  FOOT  COMPANY 

UNDER  THE  COMMAND  OF  CAPT.  JOSEPH  ROBINSON  TAKEN  IN  NXW 
YORK  THE  21  DAV  OF  JANUARY  1737  |  8 

Isaac  DepeysterLeufif       *>   /^^    8  John  oblyne  »*:^""*"-    '^^ 

N  W  grant  Second  Leuff  ^^     6^    9  John  Stoutenburgh  ^-    ^^ 

gaul  Du Bous  Insine        ■'     '*   10  Tobias  Stoutenburgh     ^^ 

Jacobes  Stoutenbui^h  Claivk     11  Albartus  Van  de  Water 

12  henderyckas  Van  de  Water 

^'^13  frerickheyr 

^  ^  14  Richard  Warner  '*- ^'"^ 

''  15  John  Bond  "^^^ 

a^  16  AdwardLinter  "K»«^ 

17  JohnNlcholds    'i'^''^^ 

^^  18  Adam  Van  de  Bergh 

<?*  19  WillmSpow**^^^"^'"'* 

20  Aswerus  turck 

21  Zacharejas  Ziggelse 

22  Richard  Baker 

23  Willm  Louwdeth 

24  Peter  Pruar 

25  Peter  Lott 


harme  Bussingh  "-  '"''■ 
Benjamen  Quackenbos  '^ 
Christeaen  Stuiver  '^^ 

John  Blanck  8er>  '<^''"' 
John  Monthanye  Drummer 

1  JohnEeuwets      t>'M- 

2  franses  Barrea 

3  Richard  hopper 

4  Isaac  Stoutenburgh 

5  John  Vredenburgh 

6  odreen  Deppye 

7  Walter  De  Giaau 


J 


'<: 


V, 


■  'km 


1 .  *' 


4 


f  »';^ 


«    1    . 


«,    • 


'  n 


(  # 


y»!      •      JU 

u        H 

■i 

H 

H 

H 

iK 


i^^'i-'*' 


ti 


?i  '    ■<» 


ss: 

i                                             STATE  or  TBS 

26 

thomsfl  Ellon 

58 

JohnBogert 

27 

Pleter  Losie 

59 

henry  Vnn.  Nesi 

28 

Colmeies  Van  Yeehten 

60 

Richard  Kip 

29 

Willm  poppelfltorf 

61 

Isaac  Bussingh 

30 

Alexander  Willsen 

62 

Aron  Bussingh 

31 

gerrit  Vau  geld«r 

63 

Caspares  Blanok 

32 

Evert  pels 

64 

John  van  orden 

33 

Samuel  pels 

65 

John  Davis    . 

34 

Marchus  Peffer 

66 

Jacob  Bruar 

35 

Corneles  Coze^n 

67 

John  Bruar 

36 

John  Whiter 

68 

Abram  Bruar 

37 

ad  ward  kimmel 

69 

Nicolas  tomas               •  '^ 

38 

Wilm  Croleus 

70 

Daniel  Burger 

39 

Peter  Corsieleus 

71 

Nicholas  Rosevelt 

40 

henderickas  oth 

72 

Adam  king 

41 

Johannes  Remie 

73 

Willm  fisser 

42 

Johannes  Staat 

74 

John  Post 

43 

Johannes  pieter  Kimpel 

75 

Peter  Carbie                « 

44 

gerret  de  freest 

76 

henry  Stanton    ^«  ^^  ^. 

45 

Baltus  hejr , 

77 

John  monthanye 

46 

John  Cure 

78 

Jacob  Monthanye    (a,  mm 

47 

Robbert  Cuk 

79 

Anthony  Boutser         -f-'/i 

48 

Ducke  arrell 

80 

Barnaba  Saruch 

49 

Jacob  Wickenbergh  ^ 

I    81 

Corneles  Magielse  ^,-mxs.-m.;. 

50 

WilmAcklye,      ,  :,^j| 

5?:  82 

Benjamen  Watchen 

51 

John  Acklye       yit^a 

ei83 

amusWillckenson           ^ 

52 

Pleter  Andriesse  r  n^ 

1.84 

Willm  Bumeth 

53 

geysbert  gerritse      ,|^. 

(1   85 

John  hughsten 

54 

Samuel  oths    fyrfiwfji^ 

d   86 

henry  henncyon  iml^  m^^. 

55 

"Wilmpersell        f«iot- 

T   87 

Isaac  hennejon 

56 

Anthony  Jiem      ndiA 

8i88 

Michall  Louwerier 

57 

John  Dubs         nili7f 

J^   89 

Everardus  Bruar — 95  Men 

■;r.'-ifi-f  iMra*»sA 

i)k 

r-'^Tina  aafiHmi     d 

• : .          «{n«X 

.El- 

.    ■        'M    ^ 

•i  o.t;i   i.'l.;i'»{ll 

Sh: 

•  ;;  1  ( ^.  1  a?ii  iM  i  rt  i>iifi*{     1- 

.  '  rvjKKl  uiUiW 

m: 

ugHHimbxtif HvM,    t 

■"Mn*-l  fS*»li>*{ 

••.-'  • 

.A  f  t,-.'»ll  fl*)i;tj|H>      * 

V;e».I  ntM»*^f 

.IS:. 

uissi-.j  ^ -mii^M    t 

1 

Cornelus 

2 

James  S> 

3 

AdamD 

4 

Samuel  J 

5 

James  Ct 

6 

Daniel  N 

7 

John  Ric 

8 

Peter  W 

9 

William 

10 

Abrahan 

11 

Henry  B 

12 

James  D 

13 

John  Du 

14 

Edward 

16 

John  Ck 

16 

Harmani 

17 

Richard 

18 

Francis '. 

19 

Solomon 

20 

John  Tei 

21 

Thomas 

22 

Jarvis  R 

23 

Abrahan 

24 

John  De 

25 

Isaac  De 

26 

Nicholas 

PROVIHCB  or  NBW  YOEK.  j^ 

New  York  y  10«h  April!  1738. 
A  LIST  OP  YB  INHABITANTS 

OF  Y"  8UUTH  WABD  IN  Y'  BEAT  OF  CAP'  MATHEW  CLARKSOM.       , 

Cap' Mathew  Clarkson  27    David  Cox 

Simon  Johnson  first  Leutenant  28    Isaac  Maddox 
Cornelius  Wynkoop  2'»<>  Leuten*  29    Justis  Witfeald  a^'M  -^liastl  t 

Henry  Wltfeald      ImuiT 
Daniel  Effets  < 

Gedion  Lyiisen 
John  De  Mercor 
Henry  Carmor 
William  Lewis 
James  Manna 
Stheven  iSmith 
Andrew  Breasted  , 
William  Holton'^i^^** 
William  Dobbs        t.1 
Anthony  Yerrenton 
Francis  Harding 
Dennes  Andersin 
Nicholas  Anthony 
Joseph  Simson 
Thomas  Edwards 
Henry  Biffins 
John  Bloom 
Abrahan  Van  Deursen 
Jassa  De  Foreest 
Adam  Beeckman 
John  Blage  «> 

Benjamin  Blage  •n-itA: .  ^ 
Henry  Peek  4-^  i'*<^"^i. '  l^i* 
James  Mecertf '  ^f^oi/f  SS 
John  Nickolds  ^H  84? 
William  English  '  *" 
Garret  Heyer— 66  with  of- 
ficers    i^iJ-^  •I'^'iH 


John  Dyer  Ensigne 

'30 

JohnHeyer  ?g     t 
John  Lesher ) 

31 

33 

John  De  Foreest  Corpf 

33 

1    Cornelus  Bruckman 

34 

2    James  Symes 

35 

3    Adam  Dobbs 

36 

4    Samuel  Johnson 

37 

5    James  Cammel 

38 

6    Daniel  Masters 

39 

7    John  Richard 

40 

8    Peter  Wessells 

41 

9    William  Brown  • 

42 

10    Abraham  Isaac 

43 

11    Henry  Breasted 

44 

12    James  De  Hart 

•'   45 

13    John  Dnnlop 

46 

14    Edward  Nickolds     ^ 

R^  ,7 

15    John  Cregier 

^3 

• 

16    Harmanis  Schuyler 

49 

17    Richard  Nauwood 

50 

18    Francis  Bratt 

51 

19    Solomon  Myers    ''f; 

52 

20    John  Ten  Eyck 

53 

21    Thomas  Routh     ' 

54 

22    Jarvis  Routh        '''^ 

55 

23    Abraham  Marchalk 

56 

24    John  De  Foreest       ** 

M  57 

25    Isaac  De  Foreest  '^^'''^ 

^^^58 

26    Nicholas  De  Foreest  * 

■■m, 

■ysr.'  s' 

.a 

? 

or 


ro 


6A, 
M 


:'  ■'■   ,•'•.  -i  ■■,■,1' 


V  'ttitt 


'^'t  ^v' 


*     ' 


m 


K         "■-.rp 


,4        STATE  or  THB     »r*l 


LIST  OF  THE  COMPANY  OF  MILITIA 

FORMERLY  COMMANDED  BY  JOBM  MOORE. 


>  Sergeants 


David  Schuyler  !•*  Lieuten* 
St  George  Talbot  Ensine 

but  since  removed 
Isaac  Blanck 
Tunis  Devour    i 
Tunis  Van  Wort  Corporal 
Private  Ccntinels 

1  Cornelius  Van  De  Water 

2  W"»  Hitclicock 

3  Jacob  Van  Deursen 

4  Mattliew  Bell  Sen' 

5  Matthew  Bell  Jun' 

6  W™  Ellsworth 

7  John  Claude 

8  John  Alwin      ,«i|ii'//    . 

9  Peter  Armant 

10  Jeremiah  Reading 

11  John  Johnson 

12  W™  Millerin  r; 

13  Cornells  Brower 

14  Benjamin  Killmaster 

15  James  Bodin 

16  Joseph  De  Lome     ^^^    j. 

17  John  Johnson    xituSf^    » 

18  John  Morin         •^^■^^    , 

19  Benja  Appleby   ,.,^h/.     j 

20  George  Witts      ^^i^^i    > 

21  Anthony  Rutgers    .^| 

22  Robert  Benson        ^\ 

23  Richard  Bradbum«,r 

23  Henry  Beckman      v( 

24  Matthew  Allstine    ^f 
^>     Samuel  Goodnes9.  ^|j 

Peter  Petersen  y^^ 


*< 


27  Thomas  De  Waite 

28  John  Brasier 

29  JohnNorris 

30  Robert  Griffith 
81  W""  Griffith 

32  W"»Pritch 

33  David  Griffith 

34  John  Thompson 

35  W-Lyell 

36  w™  Peafsley 

37  Aron  Van  Hook 

38  John  Meckilsa 

39  Ellas  Stanbury 

40  David  Goodwin 

41  John  Steinobuck 

42  Jacob  Peek 

43  David  Smith 

44  John  Peterskyder 

45  Yost  Palden 

46  Gisbert  Vy tden  Bogert 

47  Jacob  Pitt 

48  Abraham  Pitt 

49  Peter  Lamerse 

50  Robert  Harris 

51  Peter  Cobusnyder 

52  Saunders  Rutson 

53  Surt  Olivers 

54  Adam  King 

55  .  Henry  Cavalier 

56  Paulus  Speder    , 

57  Paulus  Berger   - 

58  Jacob  Bush 

59  Peter  Plowman 

60  Gisbert  Van  Deursen 


rifliil 


I 


mil 

■di. 


\ 


^./.    ?)v 


61 


(13 

64 

65 

66 

67 

68 

69 

70 

71 

72 

73 

74 

76 

76 


SurfhsFl 
Oeorge  P 
Peter  Let 
Jacob  Kii 
Samuel  B 
Gisbert  D 
Cornelius 
Cornelius 
Cornelius 
John  Clarl 
John  Fren 
Abraham 
William  O 
Lawrence  ] 
Elbert  Hoi 
Abraliam  I 


LIST  0 

wr 

Ko.  Charles  LeR 

1  AbramVanw; 

2  Ouilian  Verp 

3  Isaac  De  Peyj 


.  ,.  ■  .;■  J 

1  Henry  Beekm 

sli     .51 

2  Jacob  kip  -^ 

.in "  V  ■ 

3  David  Provoo 

E1-?  fci 

4  William  Walt( 

t,-i'v  ,)  • 

5  Abel  Hardenfc 

6  Tobias  Stoutei 

flT    11- 

*  Walter  Duboii 

1  PUMp  Mintho 

2  David  Abeel 

3  John  Dyer 
Vol.  IV. 


PRoymoE  dr  tttit  york. 

tt6 

61 

SurAisFleerinbodtte 

77 

HendHek  AMhtttj^' 

'■'   '    ' 

62 

George  Prior 

78 

Willkm  Oanuify 

.  1:  a 

tf3 

Peter  Lesser 

79 

John  Dennlri 

;  0 

64 

Jacob  King 

80 

Glsbert  Vin  Vlecq 

'   ^:.* 

65 

Samuel  Browne 

81 

Barent  Barhite 

66 

Glsbert  Uytden  Bogert 

82 

WiUiam  MorgAn 

■'  ^i 

67 

Comelins  Roomer  Sen' 

83 

Dirrick  Cook  Jun' 

'•>! 

68 

Cornelius  Roomer  Jun' 

84 

Peter  Van  Norden 

69 

Cornelius  Thorp 

85 

JohnElnor       t^  .^ri  r  i 

70 

John  Clarke 

86 

William  Peick 

71 

John  French 

87 

Abraham  Blanck 

'■    o 

72 

Abraham  Wheeler 

88 

Jacob  Bennet         , 

73 

William  Cook 

89 

Garret  Defreest 

74 

Lawrence  Lamerse 

90 

Thomas  Maybourn 

76 

Elbert  Hommerman 

91 

Roger  MoComet— with  of- 

76 

Abraham  Florentine 

ficers  98 

.. ...... 

^■f  ft 

^-C  Of 

LIST  OF  OFFICERS  ISSUED  FOR  NEW  YORK 

WITH  THE  DATES  OW  THEIR  COMMISSIONS. 

So.  Charles  LeRoux  Esq' Major   -       -        -        1738,  Aug*  15 

1  Abram  Vanwyck  Captain  in  the  room  6f  Capf*  Le  Roux        16 

2  Guilian  Verplanck  Cap*  in  the  room  of  Coll  Moore  -        -    17 

3  Isaac  De  Peyster  Cap*  in  the  room  of  Coll  Robinson    -        18 

'    First  Lieutmartis.  '"^  '  ^ 


1  Henry  Beekman    -> 

2  Jacob  kip  ■» 

3  David  Provoost     - 

4  William  Walton  Jun' 

5  Abel  Hardenbrook 

6  Tobias  Stoutenburgh 

7  Walter  Dubois 


*  To  Capt.  Abram  Boelen  -       -  19 

to  Capt.  Oerard*Stivesant  -  21 

-  to  Capt.  Paul  Richards  «        -  22 
to  Capt  Abram  Vanwyck    -  23 

-  to  Cap*  Gerardus  Beekman     -  24 
to  Cap^  Isaac  Depeyster      -  25 

-  to  Cap*  Gulian  Verplank        -  26 


Stcond  Lieutenants^ 


»/  -irt  ') 


1  Philip  Minthome 

2  David  Abeel 

3  John  Dyer 
Vol.  IV. 


to  Cap*  Gertffdus  Stiycsant  '  1^ 
to  Cap*  Henry  Cuyler  -  -  39 
to  Cap*  Mathew  Clarkson  -       dO 


,i 


S  ' 


:"1 


.  * 


*:l 


■^*\r-^fi 


>■  ♦ 


% 


.  i. 


"I- 


15 


.*.* 


886 

4  William  Depeyster 

5  John  vandenpiegle  - 

6  Henry  Rutgers    - 

7  John  Pinhome 

8  John  Dewit 

9  Edward  Hicks 
10  Thomas  Duncan  - 


1  Tho«  Willet     -  .     - 

2  Barent  Rynders  - 

3  Humphry  Jones 

4  And*  Clopper     - 

5  Barthw  Lereaux 

6  Robert  Bensen     - 

7  JohnBarberie  - 

8  Abram  Cortlandt 

9  (JerardusBeekmanJun' 
10  John  Bensen    - 


■TATB  OF  THK 


-  to  Cap*  Abram  Boelen  -  .  ^j 
to  Cap»  Cornel's  Vunhorne  Septr  i 

-  to  Capt  Abram  Vanwyck  -  2 
to  Capt  Guilian  Verplank      -  4 

-  to  Cap*  Oerardus  Beekman  5 
to  Capt  Paul  Richards  -       .  q 

-  to  Capt.  Isaac  Depeyster    -  9 

Ihisigns. 

to  Capt  Guilian  Verplank      -  g 

-  to  Cap*  Henry  Cuyler  -  n 
to  Cap*  Abram  Vanwyck      -  12 

-  to  Cap»  Isaac  Depeyster  -  13 
to  Cap*  Cornelius  Vanhorne  -  14 

-  to  Cap*  Gerardus  Beekman  15 
to  Cap'  Paul  Richards  -       >  16 

-  to  Cap«  Mathw  Clarkson  -  18 
to  Cap*  Abram  Boelen  -  -  19 
to  Cap*  Gerardus  Stivesant  -  20 


.rf    ' 


" "  ^h&^I^^.,.v 


b-i  I. 


Ml)  v. 


ULSTER  COUNTY  MILITIA  173a 

FIELD  OFFICERS. 

Gollo  A.  Gaasbeek  Chambers. 

Le*  Coll»  Wessel  Ten  Broeck. 
4vf    ''  Mayor  Coenradt  Elmendorp. 

T  Quarter  Master  Cornells  Elmendorp. 

ULSTER  SS:    Ji  List  of  the  Troopers  Under  the  Command  of 

Capt  Johannis  Ten  Broeck         3'«i  Corpor'  Arie  Van  Vliet 
Lieut*  Wessel  Ten  Broeck  Jun'  4*i>  Corpor'  Martie  Lamatre 
Corn*  Tho's  Gaasbeek  Chambers  5  Corpor*    Ffrederick   Schoon- 
1**  Qr.  Mas.  Hendrickus  Krom  maker 

2nd  Qi>.  M.  Johannis  De  Lamatre  6  Corpori  Solomon  Haasbrock 
,  Trump'  Abraham  Constapell      Solomon  Van  Bunschoten 
,  1«*  Corpor'  Richard  Wells  Jacob  Haasbrock       1-,,  'in/rXl  ! 

Jnd  Corpor>  Gerrit  Elmendorph  Cornells  Depue     ^.,^4  mUi  ' 


(;1 


'(  ,.MjV 


'V 


PROVINCK  Of   NEW   YORK. 


SS7 


SamaelBovie 

Bepjamin  Depue 

Egbert  Brinok 

Jan  Ffreer 

Cornells  Ten  Broeok 

Johannls  Wynkoope  Jun' 

Daniel  De  Bols 

Danlll  Haasbrook 

Arent  Ploegh 

Samuel  Schoonmaker 

TJerck  Schoonmaker 

Arle  Oosterhout 

Wessel  Broadhead 

Simon  Jacob*  Van  Wagenen 

Simon  Van  Wagenen 

Jacob  Van  Wagenen 

Egbert  De  Witt 

David  Burhance 

Edward  Whlttaker  Jun* 

Jacobus  Schoonmaker 

Thomas  Nottingham 

Abraham  Van  Wagenen 

GomelisDeWitt    . 


> 


Comolls  New  Kerbk 
Petrus  Ten  Broeok  '■ 

Abraham  de  Lamatre 
Wllhelmus  Van  Hooghtyling  J' 
Joghem  Schoonmaker  Jun' 
Wessel  Jacob*  Ten  Broeok 
Jan  Tuenis  Oosterhout 
Martle  Mlddagh 
Johannls  Dubois 
Petrus  Tappen  -'« 

Coenraedt  Elmendorph  Jun^<i 
Abraham  Hardenbergh 
Gysbert  Hend^  Krom 
Leonard  Hardenbergh 
Cornells  New  Kerck 
Jacob  Rutsen  Jun* 
Harma  Rosekrans 
Philip  Dumon 
Lucius  Elmendorph 
Abraham  Kiersted 
James  Scott 
William  Krom  Jun' 
tot"  60 


t 


vy 


i> « 


'0. 
•  r 


1.  .X 


imf»n^ 


nm- 


ULSTER  )  A  list  of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of  the  Corpotnih 
COUNTY  )  ration  of  Kingston  Under  the  Comartand  of 


Cap'  John  Persen  ^yl' '»j 

Lievte.  Peter  Oosterhout 
Ensign  Edward  Whlttaker 
Saij*  Aarey  Newkerk 
Saij»  Ned  Devenport       '"♦ »' 
Saij*  Jacobus  Van  Dyck'  ^w  h 


Christian  Myre 
William  Legg 
Jacobus  Debols  Jn' 
Samuel  Deboid 
William  Whlttaker 
Jacobus  Whlttaker 


>i  /  F.'l 


Corp®  Samuel  Nights        *^  wJ  ^  John  Davenport  Jn' 

Gorpo  Nathan  Dubois      ^^^^5  JohanesSchram  •^^'»»*>'*  5  r/'i 

Corp*  Solomon  Freer  Com®  Longing  Dyek           >>'^ 

Dromer  Andrles  Van  Leven  Abr*  Hardenberge        lii  -ffnl 


•' 


SfiS 


•dTti      tTATB  OF  THB 


i. 


'^.: 


^  } 


l.l-  t''^- 


fi'UT'r  i:;: 


Samuel  Wood  ^  nVt  ^ib nto! 
Jacobus  Roosa  1  ff;»y -(ruj*: 
Coenradt  Elmendorp  u;ii<i»  ?<!/ 
Jacobus  Persen  .' ;  - 1  f 'u '  l«  V> 

Peter  Van  Leven  - 1 '  ?j  ^'  l 

Nemiah  Debois 
Ricard  Davenport 
Andris  Hoof  ■  ^ 

Phillip  Hoof 
Hendricus  Oosterhout 
Daniel  Whittaker       i  i.;i;; '»,; 
Samuel  Davenport      i!:;tfj.>j '/ 
Gornelus  Persen    j,  .fi  'i'».i    k, 
William  Myre  it.^virJi  [  w; .  . 


S    t'.  ! 


Anthony  Sleght    ■■  I  j ,  f ?  t 
John  Legg  Jn' 
Humphy  Devenport 
Mosas  Touman 
Brure  Decker 
John  Decker 
Tobias  Winekoop 
Johanes  Humble 
Godfrey  Woolf  Jn» 
Fredrick  Row 
Michel  Planck 
Jurian  Tappen 
Robert  Bever 


,i  A 


•I,;. 


'!!"<;  A. 
Total!  47      ./.vk.:.^ 


^  .''iv/t'  /.■  >  A  '•'< 


,s. 


('  'Uiji* 


ULSTER 
COUNTY 


A  list  of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of  the  Corpora- 
tion Kinston  Under  the  Command  of  Capt.  T^rck 


Van  Keuren. 


Cap*  Tjrck  Van  Keuren 
Lievten*  Abraham  Low 
Ensign  Dirck  Winekoop 
Sergt  William  Swart 
Sergt  Tobias  Van  Bueren 
Corpi  Petrus  Smedes 
Gorpi  Ephraim  Dubois 
Corp*  MarynisVan  Aken 
Drom'  Corni  Jansen 
Willem  Eltinge 
Peter  Van  Aken 
Thomas  Beekman 
Cornells  Van  Kueien 
Cornells  Sleght      r  i/  4 


Teunis  Van  Steenbergh 
Abra  Van  Steenbergh 


■i- 1 


HV- 


Hendrikus  Slegh  /  ,  |  ;ti  ,.5,. 
Johannis  Dubois 
Abr»  De  Lametter 
Johan*  Ba  :  De  Witt 
Hiskiah  Dubois 
Evert  Winekoop  Ju' 
Tobias  Van  Steenbergh 
Jan  Van.  Aken 
\fi\'.  h  m^  \  Johannis  Ghonsalisduck 
?' yf.,;.?>  Jan  Perse  Ju'  ,  »i:^ 

nudlUV    Petrus  Low       tnt'dl  ^.i-V  •  ir 

Isaac  Van  Wagenea 

Abr»  Van  Kueren       ,  •:  •  1 . 1 


•■%^. 


David  De  Lametter     i^\(i<A^A 

Evert  Bogardus        -i^-au^M.  Gerett  Freer 

Nicolas  Bogardus  iii/^  I  ^:ii  n  Corn'  Perse 

Jan  Heermani  .        h  < ;  f    <  1 '  Robert  Beever 


if  .tr. 
■ffi  >v 


.  I 


PBOTIMCfi  or  MEW  YORK. 


as9 


Mooses  Jorck 
Giedeon  Tan  Aken 
Frans  Hendrick 
Joseph  Chonsalisduck 
Thimoteos  Van  Steeubergh 
Jacobus  De  loo      j ., . . <, f ,;  / 
Dirck  Teerpen 
Maas  Bloemendal 
Jacob  Turck 
Jacobus  Eltinge 
Jan  Lome 
Johannis  Felter     m 


U>!»,!" 


i      A'jii' 


"KKf 


Jame  Letsin 
Peter  Yanderliiie  J  >-*>;  t. 

Petrus  Eltinge  f 

Corni  De  Lametter  Ju» 
Abra  Lome  Ju'  *iit«1(  v.f. 

Jacobus  Van  Euerea  i  .j/.  >c  /  rr ;/ 
Willem  Krom  iH^  (  ;f>!xhnvH 
Petrus  Van  Aken  ..;■  Uvuv^  ) 
William  Been  v.ft..ii!'rV  wifejii 
Dirck  Van  Vleet  Ju» 
Benjamin  Van  Vleet 
Johannis  Van  Vleet— tot"  60. 


v...-"V    I.. 


V    V,       ^/'I'V 


'■'J    I  ;■'!*;','   T    I 


ULSTER  COUNTY    A  List  of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of 
the  Corporation  of  Kingston  under  the  Command  of  ' 

Capt  Tjrck  Dewitt  Zacryas  Hoffman  Ju'         '•  =  ■ ' '  '•  i 

Left  Petrus  Bogardus        ''  "1   Petrus  Edmundus  Elmendorp     ^ 
Ins'  Igenas  Dumont    ■  '^ "  "  ' «  Lenard  Hardenbergh       ^>'i   ''^^  ^> 


Serj'  Jury  Snyder 

Serjt  William  Wells 

Serj'  Petrus  Viele 

CorpoLukas  Dewitt 

Corpo  Peter  Dumont 

Corpo  Wilhelmus  Hoghteling 

Clark  Jarman  Pick 


Jacob  Hardenbergh 
Peter  Leebonte  '^  <.»'!<:•:.■  V.-ficK 
Dirck  Shepmoes  "^  =^ ^ ;  1  <!,?-/» 
Johanes  Viele  -i.  "■,f  :/ 

Gerritt  Van  Steenbergh  •■■'  «•  ' 
Corn«  Van  Kuren  Ju'  t  :!  j  '  ' 
Johanis  Masten  =  '  ••  '  •> 


Phillip  Viele  Ju'         '  * f- v/  > ' - n  John  Waters  ) ( r; i ,/  ■?  i 

Sam"  Wells       >-';'if;^  .u\  >^!;r'  Henry  Ellis    i;;h  n-w  .>  -  (;<^  .  . 
Corn*  Viele     ovi.  0     *.i<*     '  Jacob  Mauris  /.     sr   i 

Corn'Marston  i  V  r;       Isaac  Wheeler  '.!•!;- 

John  Masten    '-j  >*<<  ^*''i''i    Humph  Davenport     hin'.'/   (<: 
Gerritt  Viele         * ' «  '  < '  >5  '  ^  ^   Peter  Burgar  s  - ' "  • '  '    ^  ^  ^ 

Jacobus  Dnmond  '  »^'^'  ■  '*-  - ''  Isaac  Dubois        ^fi 
Benj»  Marten        .v,ii/;it\n      Johan"  Shepmoes 
JohnMaclene        i<)  ;a-  i   Gerrett  Davenport 

Antony  Hoffman    " " ;  -     "  '       Art  Masten 
Hend' Vankurcn        *'   •'        Coenr*  Vanburen 
Teunis  Ploe«h  -     •      '   Albert  Beein 


f  !<.'(  l.f!  ft.} 


i'.i  I'i    Hi.l. 


Mi<H     IH   I 


ifu:' 


,  ■•'I 


i 

« 


Y    ■■''^•■.l 


■  .'   ,  ■'  ^' 
«  e •■    •■1 » 

.  » 


•  >«' 


r  s« 


i.{ 


.1 


.1      *.N     < 


'^\^f 


230 


STATE  OF  THK 


'.unit 


Dirck  Teerpening  i'I-^jJ  ) 
Jacobus  Deyoe  i5Vil.'i'5if'ixfi7  i 
Johan"  Degrave  i'i 'f 

Corn*  Vankuren 
Jacobus  Vanetten 
Mattys  Merkell 
Hendrick  Vreligh 
Coenrad  Rechtmire  •*  i^-  ^'  '^'^ 
Heskia  Winekoop    '"»^* 


Christan  Derick 
Fredrick  Row 
Tobias  Winekoop 
William  Bell 
Arie  Delonga 
Corn*  Vandenbergb 
Johan*  Hoghteling 
Jacob  Dubois  Ju' 
Tot"  61. 


■''^'■i' 


<.  V    U(;' 


(  iu/^.l  e^ui. 


,j'.     1    - 


♦•, 


ULSTER  COUNTY    j3  Im/  of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of 
the  Corporation  of  Kingston  under,  the  Command  of 

Capt  Hendrick  H.  Schoonmaker  Jacob  Brinck 


Leut:  John  Sleght 
Insjn  Lawrens  Van  Gaasbeck 
Sarj :  Edward  Wood 
Sarj:  Dirck  Van  Vleet 
Sarj :  Jacobus  De  Lametter 
Corp®  Tennis  Swart 
Corp®  Johanas  Snyder 
Corp®  William  Oosterhout 
Clark  Benjamin  Sleght   ,-. » 
JohnPloegh         ..,..,4/  km 
Peter  Winne 
Heskiah  Schoonmaker 
Teunis  A.  Swar  .. 

Aarent  Ploegh 
John  Wittaker 
Abr»  Burhans 
Cryn  Oosterhout        ■/:■ 
Jan  Peterse  Oosterhout 
Aares  Van  Steenbergh 
Teunis  Oosterhout 
Jan  Krinse  Oosterhout 
Hendrick  Brinck 


/ 


Li','   •-. 


Lawrens  Swart 
Abr»  Post 
Abr*  Oosterhout 
Jan  Woolf 
Johannis  Burhans     s 
Marta  Snyder     .fuf 
Zachary  Backer  ^  <>< ; 
Lawrence  Salisbury 
Johannis  Burhans  Jn' 
Poules  Pelen 
Bowdewine  Vanderlip   U  >]  . 
Teunis  Van  Bunschote  f»//  'y.p 
Wilhelmus  Derayer  '    u; 

Jacobus  Van  Steenbergh        <v  ■ 
Hendricus  Ploegh  Jn""         '.. 
Hend'  Krynse  Oosterhout  tm. 
Petrus  Krynse  Oosterhout  •. » ; ,  • 
Hendricus  Ploegh     n  r.  I/. '. 
Abra  Daven  oort         .  ■ '    :  ■'  ^  ■ 
Petrus  Ooste  rhout    .  1  r ; . . :  1 
Corn''  Swart  •  r 

Gi'le^-  Magriegere — tot^'  46. 


PROTINCS  or  NEW  YOBK. 


381 


ULSTER  COUNTY.    ^  List  of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of 
marbletovm  under  the  Command  of  Capt.  Daniel  Brodhead,  ^.^  ^ 

Capt  Daniel  Brodhead  Melgart  Ketor  fMur:^nK 

Liev*  John  Dewitt        J*  =-t4i       Tho«  Vandermark '^'t*"*  ^^^'.J". '- 
Ensign  John  Brodhead      '  "dm  Augustinus  Ketor  ,  ♦  rL:M 

Serjeant  Martin  Bogart  Hendrick  Roosa  ?  *««  '■' i'- , 

Serjeant  Jacobus  Bush  Hend' Yandermarke    !-u*:-!l)Lr  I' 

Serjeant  Thomas  Keator  DirckKeyser        *;«,;:»,!'>!     !  '.' 

Corporal  Cornelius  Van  Kampen  Samuel  Davis    it  xv^;  >  .1  v  :  •     ' 
Corporal  Christopher  Davis        Samuel  Cock      '•.uv)i:\  ..;•  i;;// 
Corporal  Jacob  Keator  Benj^  Davis 

Drummer  Seter  Yandenbergh     Alexander  Ennis 


Gierke  Ric*  Pick 

Lambert  Brinck     "'^ '^'^  ^' 
Johannes  Yan  Luven     *^  ^  ^•=' 
Andreas  Yan  Luven     "i  v- 
Frederick  Davis     •  /  -    i  a  / 
Gysb' Roosa  (J h/I- !/  < 

Jan  Roosa  ll/'^Vl^iV: 

Jacob  Keyser  '  ij.h-^'j  wa, 
Valentine  Smith  !.;!.. i  •.. : 
Tuenis  Klarwater  .  i  I  i  ^.  Y  •  f/ 
Johannes  Bush-  ■  y ! '  it  (u  *  ^  > 
James  Robinson  L* :  •)  kv  » 
Mathew  Algar  ^ii!  1/  r  i .: 
James  Algar  t!i;i  Ki  fr 

Hartman  Hine  UJ 

Arien  Yandermarke      I  f  -^  ' 
Jacob  Yandermarke      v '  > ' 
Jacob  Middagh         .  >V  ■'  / ' 
Jacobus  Tack  ^-'li' 

Isaac  Tack  ''  '"^  /    u- 

Johannes  Jansen  ;'J  v 

DirckBush  *  ' 


Andrew  Kernith 

Isaac  Yan  Kampe 

Samuel  Mourits 

Johan*  Thomas 

Moses  Cantien     ;>' 

Nicholas  Keyser 

William  Hine 

John  Wood 

Johannes  Elting 

Anthony  Gerrits 

Corn®  Tack  Jn'  • 

Henry  Jansen 

Tho»  Bush 

Fred'  Keator 

Hend'  Bush 

John  Price 

Lambert  Bush 

Moses  Depuy 

Johans  Yandermarke     Si*'  .\      !' 

Thom^  Yandermarke        •  ■    •:     \ 

Nicholas  Yandermarke 

Arie Ketor  ! .;  i  > 

Thom"  More  v  ^   (  -  ;    I 


ill' K'i  >.''•,  I i.i 

;iiv/  (TV-,  I 

11^    D>lr,  "'11     ■♦ 

!';..;  .  .:;  -.  ■"} 


|V1 


i  ■   ■..  • 

■  *»  ■■ 


1  .     I 


■  '*'■■■   '  ' 


'f^.f% 


':«.'' 


ti' 


'    .1 


.» J 


• » 


sad 


.staosTAia  or  tub  tt>ivv 


JohnKrom 

Augu*  Vandemarke 

Henry  Krom  Jn'       ^  ^ 

{^phaim  Cliambers 

Robert  Maglnnis 

Dirck  Keysser  Jn' 

■.iJ 

Lewis  Bevier 

Jacob  Keyser  Jn' 

r>U! 

Johauas  Kool 

Jacob  Sleyter 

Andreas  Contennan      nu^'i 

Nicholas  Sleyter 

Henry  Conterman        .nxjPA 

Nich*  Sleyter  Jn» 

Adam  Hoffman       ■ » 4*  -iftii  f  .-< 

•>' Johannes  Depuy 

Hendricus  Van  Steenbiirgh 

Fred'  Schoomker        ^Vx  J 

i-n'i^  -: 

Abr*  Constaple       j'm%i- 

Power  Easel 

Richard  Lonsberry  «  rril  i'*. 

Edward  Robason 

■K'^fHAf 

WiJliam  Ennis         >•> .  J  hi 

John  Smith— tot"  89 

•if't 

:5la*^'N>iii 

:V,!,i.- 

A  LIST  OF  THE 

OF  THE  WALL  A    KI^.  UNI^E^ 

Capt  John  Byard 
Lievt  William  Berland 
Ensign  William  Keik 
Serjt  John  Newkerk 
Corp"  John  Miller  u.,^.;.''.- 
Lendert  Coll  *  v'" 

Cornelius  Coll  '  *   '' 

BarnatColl 

John  Robeson  ^Ui'U 

James  Glispy  v,=  ^fA 

Thomas  Glispy  li'^b' 

John  Willkine  <^:  3 

William  Wilkins       >t.(l 
Andraw  Graham       /»q  ?  i  ■ 
George  Olloma  i  ivJ  f 

John  North  .  :  iJ; ,    7  ' 

John  North  Jtf  : 
Samuel  North  t    -;- 

James  Young  vj-  J/. 

Robert  Young 


COMPANY  OF  MILITU 

THE  COMMAND  OF   CAPT  ^ODN  BYABJ) 

Mathew  Young  '  us; V  up- !«; ; 
John  Andraws  gi'ft' fAi  nriivM 
James  M«'Neill  *.»«  nI  -I^h 

John  McNeill  ^*'   "!  r. 

Andraw  borland  iv^'vi  J.--v 
John  borland  * '    "^     ^i i'  mV 

John  M«:Neill  Ju'  ^    -J  '* 

James  Crafbrd  iiwki  ft«*i  i  Li 
John  Craford  ""-!.-;!< ^'1  is. *«!> 
Alexander  Milligan  ■/♦'!! 
NathaneiU  Hill  r-'^i   ■    . 

AUx^  kid  v'-H  . 

Archabald  Huntur 
James  Hunter      • 
John  Wharrey       * 
Benj*"  Hins 
John  Mc  Neill  Senior 
Mathew  Prea 
William  Craford 
Robert  hunter 


US'- 


■!■!■    J 


.  r    'I         *■  I 


PROVINCE  or  NEW  YORK. 


'i  •■/• 


James  Munall 

GowMonull 

John  Munall 

William  Monall  ;  n. 

Thomas  Neils      k  »i  ».,  .  ->  t-l/t- 

Robert  Neils 

John  Neils 

Mathew  Neils 

Nathaneill  jojtef 

John  Neily  Ju' 

Joseph  butteltown 

Thomas  Colman 

Joseph  Shaw 

pathrick  broodrick 

William  Soutter     . 

Johnbutfield        '^' 

John  M^ve 

John  Jones 

Joseph  knap 

Isakiah  Gaill 

Celab  knep 

Robert  M^Cord   #in/?i^t:!')  ' ;, 

William  fallkne    '»;<  n\  i  f(  -ri 

EzrailRodgr       .  v?J^fi   ^.7 

Jaremiah  Rodgr  » '  >^  '•* ^ 

James  Rodgr     -?'«t}*^./f  *Um,n 

James  Whit    n;t,  i^.w^k;  ui  •! 

John  Manly  ""•''!   :'iV;hfi^ 

francius  walls  -'»!».  .V 

Robert Hughy         •?  :rt  ;i 

Robert  banhanan      1 1  -  u  u'  > 

James  Egar  *•<'* ': 

Thomas  MoColl<M»  'it-  '^^  l- 

Sojornars  Her    •  na  '■*• 

John  Haves 

M  kara  Clein 

Jury  burger  *    " 


■I  ,  »    '.1.,    ,'  ! 


•h..:^J 


,*  U 


I  !:■;' 


>.J; 


Hugh  flenign 

Benja  benot 

Patrick  M^  peick 

John  Eldoris 

Patrick  Galashy 

John  Lowry 

Samuel  mith 

Jopth  Teall  ^  * *>  '•  '^ 

James  Craford     •"'    ' 

Joseph  Sutter     '   '''.',''   ' 

David  Cree        '  ^w:>ii^^  hn  i .  iH  ; 

Edward  Andrews 
Samuel  Crayford 
Endrew  Doell 
Phillip  Milsbugh 
Cronamas  Mingus 
Stufifel  Moll 
Hannas  Crane 
John  Yong  ?''"•; 

Hendrick  Newkerk 
Frederick  Sanzabus 
Cornelius  walls  ' 
Hendrick  Crist  •  J-  ' 
Hunas  Crist        ^i' 
Lowrance  Crist   ^  ' 
Mattys  Milsbigh      ^ 
and  bis  son 
John  Mings       •!>    - 
Stevanis  Crist 
Jacob  bush  * 

Cronamas  faltei 
Richard  Gatehouse 
John  boyls  ." 

Richard  boyls 
John  Jameson 
John  M<=Donall 
James  Davis — tot''  114 


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STATB   or    TUB    fl^^i 


ULSTER  ?  ^  list  of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of  hurly  under 
COUNTY  j  the  Command  of  Capt.  Comelis  Wine  Coop. 

Cap*  Cornells  Wine  Coop  •        Robert  Wleler 


.-/ 


Lef  *  Antonie  Crlspel 
Insin  Abraham  Ten  Eyck 
Serj«  Hendrlck  Konstaple 
Corpi  Solomon  ter  Willege 
Corpi  Jacob  Vanwagene 
Drom^  Marynis  Chambers 
Jan  Van  Duese  Clarke  r*  u. 


Nicolas  Blansjan 
Lambert  Briiick 
Tuenis  Oostrandei 
Jan  Roosa 

Hendrlck  Oostrander 
Gerret  Konstapel 
Joliannis  Crlspel 
Johannis  Suylandt 
Arie  Van  Etten       ^^ 
Harmanus  Oostrander 
Antonie  Crlspel  Ju'  ;• 
Johan*  Konstaple 
Andries  Van  Vliet 
Heyman  Roosa 
Jan  A  Roosa 
Gysbert  Roosa  Ju' 
Jan  Crispel  Ju' 
Dirck  Roosa 
Gerret  Je®  Freer 
Ned  Wleler 
Edvart  Chammers 
Daniel  potter  ^j , 


j«i't- '  ■■■-' 

rMUf   -{ 


-:i  ■n**']']' 


V.-j  (■- 


>'"' 


Wouter  Sluyter 
Evert  Sluyter 
Willem  Smit 
Gerret  Van  Wagenen 
Johan*  Van  Wagenen 
Aert  Van  Wagenen 
Matys  Blansyan  Ju' 
Simon  Helm       '•'»^<i 
Adam  Sjeever 
Jefta  De  Lange 
Chrisstoffel  Brosie 
Mattheus  Nieukerck 
Benj»  Nieukerck 
Petrus  Crispel 
Jan  Ja :  Roosa 
Abr<^  Roosa 
Nicolas  Roosa 
Benja  Claer water 
Jan  ter  Willege  Ju' 
Jan  Van  Deuse  Ju' 
Jan  Brinck  ■■■<< 

Johannis  Oostrander  Ju*" 
Willem  Sluyter  Ju' 
Hendrlck  Ja  :  Freer     jrL' 
Jan  Waters  >•{  i^'*  ^- ;  :. 

Albert  Ja:  Roosa  r:!vn^^  i^^ 
Willem  Burhans  Tifhn = ^  ^  t 
Jacop  Clyn  ^ -•!  ■  -'c 

Jacop  Oostrander    -  ,  t '  • 
TotH60.  .  -iH  H'. 


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PROVINCE  OF  NEW  TOKK. 


,-  * 


236 


f    .-..!    .i   tl     I.. 


ULSTER  ?  A  list  ^yf  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of  Rocester 

COUNTY  5    under  the  Command  of  Capt.  Cornelius  Hoomheck. 

,i. 

Jonathan  Westbroeck    .mi  '.^■jrK 
Johannis  Westbroeck    \\i  xftsd.    , 


:<•  I    , 


Cap'  Cornelius  Hooinbeck 
Lieu'  phillip  Dubois 
Ensign  Cornelius  B :  Low 
Serj<^  Johannis  Hoornbeck 
Serj»  John  Wesbroeck 
Serj*  Harmanis  Rosekrans 
Corpo  Samuel  Swarthout 
Corp"  Tuenis  Middagh 
Corp"  Manuel  Gonsalis   /  \ , ;, 

r'»;l  hi!  \\\ 
Alien  Van  Vliet 
John  Schoonmaker 
Benj»  van  wagenen 
John  Robeson 
JohnHillmen 
Frans  Kelder 
Jacob  Kelder 
William  Kelder 
Felter  Kelder 
Jacobus  Quick 
Jacobus  Depue 
Joh»  Hendreickson 
Joh'Krom 
HendrickKrom  • 
Daniel  Schoonmaker 
Jocham  Fra :  Schoonmakeir 
Johannis  Miller     '4iiA\  Wwi 
Josaphat  Dubois  .•i.b;:i  /».;  i 
Jacob  Vernoy      v.\uyy^*^i     -, 
Tuenis  Oosterhout  Ju'  .u/  ; 
Kryn  Oosterhout      • , u  n  [■■v 
Nicholas  Ketor  >•    ,.-., 

Petrus  Oosterhout 
Hend«  Oosterhout 


■•',iiri'.:->ti   ii 


Ilf.U. 


.['.'•»; 


Matheus  Terwillige  ^  . 
Nicklas  Low 
Abra  Low 
Cornelius  Low 
Jacobus  Low 
Johannis  Oosterhout 
Jeremia  Van  Dermerke 
Jacob  Dewitt  Ju'        r;; 
John  Dewitt 
Cornelius  Winekoop 
Jacobus  Terwillige 
John  Terwillige        :  i , 
Benj»  Hoornbeck 
Dirck  Hoornbeck 
Peter  Westbroeck 
Tobias  Hoornbeek 
Jacobus  Hoornbeck 
Lowrence  Cortreght 
Mathew  Cortreght 
Peter  Cortreght 
Hendrick  Cortreght 
Johannis  Ketor 
Isaac  Van  Aken       ^ 
Charles  Danneson 
Richard  Kittle 
Benj*  Roggers      it  ■•>] :;  T 
Wessel  Vernoy   ^\>:>;  •;'. 
Coenradt  Vernoy      i'  > 
Michel  Helm 
Petrus  Low  i 

Lawies  Bovier  Ju' 
Cornelius  Bovier 


K   i  i  '  (A.  ','<vi 
V  ^  ,  •■  ■  I     ^ 


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236 

Samuel  Bovier  Ju' 
Jacob  Bovier 
Manuel  Oonsalls  Ju* 
Jacob  Middagh 
Abr»  Middagh 
Isaac  Middagh 
Johannis  Middagh 


,.im*  STATE  or  THK  Htj4'< 

Janies  Simson 
Jacob  Vandermarke 
Geradus  Van  Inwegen 
Benj»  Coddebeck 
William  Coddebeck 
Abi*  Coddebeck 
P  -^ir  j.Ui  I  Peter  Jemare— totaU  81. 


r4''i 


If 


ULSTER  ?  A  list  of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of  the  Pah 
COUNTY  )     under  the  Cwnnwad  of  Capt.  Zacharias  Huffman, 

Capt  Zacharias  Hoffman  Daniel  Winfiel 

Liev*  Benjamin  Smedcs  Ju'       Manewel  ter  Willige 
Ensign  Zacharias  Hoffman  Ju'   Johannes  Terwilige 
Serj*  John  teer  penning 
Serj*  John  Freer 
Serj»  Evert  Terwillege 
Corp«  Christian  Dujo  > « * 
Corpo  Hendrick  Di^jo 


its  V  'tr> 

Hendrick  Decker  ^^"'"r-    '  - 

Petrus  Terwillige  1»'*'  "-^  "• 
Thom«  Janson  Ju'  ^'  ^ "'  '  • 
William  Rosekrans  ■•^' '' ^ 
Josua  Smedes  -  • '    *  ' 


'i': 


Corpo  Isaac  Lefever 

GerettJa:  Decker   "'*;•'    ' 

Isaac  freer                      ' '    ' 

Stevanis  Swart       ''■'^'    '^ 

Tuenis  Terpening 

JohnRobertse         v^iA-r^- , 

Jan  Une 

Andrew  Grames    Ji'>'''l' 

Jonas  freer       ?iW^^-j  <  '  '^> 

RoberGreams        '"  ''    '  ' 

James  Agmodi     iih^n-  ■') 

John  Blake                  •     '' 

Simon  Lefever  mh  '"•  vbhl 

James  Jonston               '"/ 

Petrus  Low           ■io'->A»un 

Salamonlsrel    •      ''i/Tv!<;r 

Johannis  Low      ii-^'-^k  mf 

Samuel  Sampjton     -""♦' 

JosiaElting            '!ii:j>]  « .' 

Roger  bkimles            ^ ''  "• 

Abr"  Dujo              ini^i  ivd 

Richard  Davis        '•     ' 

Cornelius  Dubois 

Lawrence  Eldorp* '  >-^''^  • 

Jonathan  Dubois             .  •» 

Tomas  Maccoun      ;  ^ 

Hend' Dubois           J  •  ^  ^^>r  ' 

John  Andrew           '- 

Mosis  Dujo                 .  !  ;f 

Arie  Terwillege          '  ' 

August^  Van  Derraerke 

William  Schoot        '     '     ' 

Jacob  Ge:  Decker      niu> 

Cornelius  bruyn     •'       >'  ■■> 

James  Pinuick    •i??/'^!-;*i 

William  Ja:  Decker 

■""Ui 


FBOVIMOE  OF  NKW   YORK. 


237 


Jacob  Ja :  Decker      wut  / .  ^u. 
j^br»  Ja:  Decker 
Isaac  Ja:  Decker 
Henj*  Ja:  Decker 
Jacob  He:  Decker 
^br*  He:  Decker  >'■<;•) 

Abr*  Terwillige 
Isaac  Terwillige 
'Evert  Terwillige  Ju' 
Corn*  Schoonmaker  Ju'  ;.•.■»;« 
Corn*  Cool 
Johannis  Cool 
Lowis  Pontenere 
John  Gream 
William  Weller 
Hendrick  Weller 
Isaac  Haasbroeck 
Jacob  Haasbroeck  Ju      >-r.'uk> 
Benj*  Haasbroock  Ju»   .''  yti 
Zacharlas  klarwater  •«.  yRf,;.*.! 
Abr»Bovier  >■ ;  ;    in 


'•♦ti  I  (}i 


Mathues  BovleF'lu'»{  vAnm-jjn^ 
Jacobus  Bovier  t  roJiisff  Jh /Ml . 
Isaac  Bovier  7 

Abr*  Lefever 

Nathael  Lefever  ., ..  r 

Benj' Haasbroeck  "'f-'^  r\i,\, 
Symon  Dubois 

Isaac  Lefever  Ju»      nil  :r.,r4i.", .' 
Peter  De:  jo  wji(H  r'  j  *>'  I, 

Huge  Freer  Ju'  '!*j)j  )  c^f  s  » 
Hendrick  Van  Wijak  ,;•.{; !i  ^f 
Abr »  Vandermerkc  j ,  i  f  i !  • » i . , 
Lewis  Sa:  Bovier  , ,..  >»'Vii'\'^ 
William  Armstrong  i  ;•  -.'l  (> iu,:  /, 
Robert  Jong  t .    ;  ,*;i/ 

Mathew  Jong  '-pp  r  7  vniiii. 
Robert  Cain  vT,   -^  -  :;  i 

Robert  Hanne  »-}','',( 

John  Magdonel  'ij;*;';  ';.,'. 
John  Jemson  i 

Johannes  Masseker — ^tot^^  9i 


*ti  Mf.  r. ,. 


niff,ifi/';^Vrq>M' 


ULSTER 
COUNTY 


.^  list  of  the  foot 
of  the  Higland 
Ellison. 


Company  of  Militia  of  the  presenk 
Under  the  Command  of  Capt.  Thos. 


?ii,:,<.if.  ,  ;.  '-'li 


..  f 


Capt  Thomas  Ellison 
Liev'  George  Harrison   .i  :  ;  u 
Ensign  John  Young  »  m,iUiuu 
Serjent  David  Davis      'vi/r' 
Serjent  Patrick  M^Cloghry 
Serjent  Mosas  Garitson 
Corpo  Jacobus  Bruyn  Jn' 
Corpo  James  Stringham 
Corpo  Jonathan  Hazzard 
Clark  Charles  Clinton 
John  Umphrey 


Jame  Gamble      >. , j ; *■  v  r>\i\'ii<  H 
John  Gamble      iv   .-   ,     ;.'    i 
Cornelius  Maclean    >,:>(:»  .,...:. 
John  Umphry  Jn»     '  t  / 1 ;  *  -  •  r  / 
James  Umphry    :    i;  .j..  ;.,.i ,; 
Peter  Mulinder 
Robert  Burnet 
Archibald  Beaty 
ArtharBeaty 
David  Olliver 
Mathew  Davis 


'I- 


\-') 


<  'J 


f 


i 


28d 


i^4>     STATE  or  THE 


?      « 


4^ 


. . -f 


Alexander  Falls 

David  Bedford 

William  Coleman 

Joseph  Sweezer     T»Wi'».f  •ni; 

Thomas  Coleman 

John  M^Vey 

John  Jones 

Patrick  Broderick 

Joseph  Shaw 

Calab  Curtis 

William  Sutten 

Jeremiah  Foster 

Charles  Beaty 

Amas  Foster 

Alexander  Dennlston 

James  Toung 

James  Nealy  >  ^  '■ 

Robert  Feef  -     ''  *    -    .1 

Joseph  Butterton 

Samuell  Luekey 

John  Markham 

John  Read 

JesephM^MikhiU 

David  Umphrey 

Johannis  George 

Jeremiah  Tomkins       '        -'"' 

Isaac  Tomkins 

William  Watts  ^/-t  Mn-i 

Josiah  Elsworth  <  •  0     ' 

James  Elsworth      ' '  '■  -* ;  »* ' 

Anthony  Preslaer 

Jonathan  Tomkins 


1i 


■if  ima^ 

7  '  H  U^  \i;  ."■'  '■ 


John  Nicoll  Jn» 
Alexander  McKey 
Robert  Sparks 
Jevriah  Quick 
Thomas  Quick 
Jacob  Gillis 
Joseph  Simson 
James  Clark 
John  Clark 
Lodewick  Miller 
Peter  Miller 
George  Waygant 
William  Ward 
William  Ward  Jn' 
John  Mattys  Kimbergh 
William  Smith  Jn' 
James  Edmeston 
Tobias  Waygate 
Jerry  Manse 
Thomas  Johnston 
Casparis  Stymas 
John  Monger 
James  Luekey 
Thomas  Williams 
Robert  Banker 
Thomas  Fear 
Frederick  Painter 
Mosas  Elsworth     -,.,     . 
John  Marie  /;>>    ■'. 

Jonathan  Owens  :  1 

Andrew  McDowell 
Daniel  Coleman— Tot.  86 


\, 


•)  •<■ 


iC'i';! 


;   •ir<  I 


1,1 


•iH 


Nicholas  Larz( 
JohnHillyerC 
Daniel  Corsen 


rROTIMOE  OF  MKW  YORK.  280 


LIST  OF  OFFICERS 

CIVIL  AND  MILITARY  FOR  RICHMOND  COUNTY. 

Judges  of  the  Court  of  Common  Military  Officers, 

Pleas.  Jacob  Corsen  Colonel 

John  Le  Conte  Judge  Christian  Corsen  Lieut.  Col 

Christian  Corsen  Second  Judge  Thomas  Billopp  Major 
Gozen  Adrianz  Third  Judge 


ft 
For  the  J^orth  Division,   '  * 


Justices  of  the  Peace. 

•  Nicholas  Britton 

•  Richard  Stilwell 

•  Joseph  Bedell 
•JohnVeghte 
*RemVander  Beek 

•  John  La  Tourrette    ^ 

•  Tl\oma8  Billopp 
Corneillius  Corsen 
Joshua  Mersereau 
Abraham  Cole  ,   . 
Barent  Martling 


John  Veghte  Captain 
Frederick  Berge  Lieut* 
Jacob  Corsen  Jn^  Ensign 

F&r  the  SUh  Division. 
Corneillius  Stouthoff  Cap* 
Jacob  Berge  Lieutenant 
Aris  Rvertse  Ensign 


7 


.  ! 


For  the  West  Division. 

Nathaniel  Britten  Cap* 

Matthias  Johnson  Lieut* 

Those  marked  thus  (*)  are  of    Abraham  Maney  Ensign  '  '•  "  * 

the  Quorum.  .         . 

pmp'.::).       For  the  Troop. 

Nicholas  Larzelere  Sheriff"         Peter  Perrin  Captain        '■  •''''• 
John  Hillyer  Coroner      '  ^  '^  ^'  Gerrett  Crosse  Lieut  "'•    •  •   ^* 
Daniel  Corsen  C/arAe    ■  '    '^'^'   Wynant  Wynants  Cornet       •' 

'    Daniel  Wynants  Quarter  Master 


;>  )     'M 


v''   V   '    -i  ii-.ti    ,; 


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ANSWER  TO  FOUR  QUERIES 

REFERU'U  BY  HIB  HONOUR  THE  EIEUT.  ttOVERMOUR  &  OOUNCILL  OF 
THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK  TO  THE  00MMI8SI0NERS  OF  INDIAN 
ArFAIRS. 

14.  The  Six  Nations  of  Indians  including  the  River  &  Schaqich- 
kook  Indians  are  about  1 500  fighting  men  of  wliich  number  J  part 
Incline  to  French  Interest.  Being  partly  overaw'd  by  fear,  The 
Frencli  liave  their  interpreter  continually  among  the  Sinuekes 
who  has  a  great  Influence  over  them  &  they  often  send  messengers 
with  presents  to  the  Six  Nations. 

15.  The  Indians  living  near  about  Montreal  &  ^uebeck  are 
about  1000  fighting  men  besides  a  Vast  number  of  other  Foreign 
nations  amongst  whom  the  French  have  Sixteen  Fortifications 
and  Settlements : 

16.  Tlie  French  Europeans  settled  on  the  River  S*.  Lawrence 
in  Canada  consisting  of  the  three  Qoverments  of  Quebeck,  Mon- 
treal and  the  three  Rivers  are  about  Ten  thousand  Fighting  men 
Including  Thirty  Two  Companys  of  Regular  Forces. 

Spaniards  none. 

17.  The  Metropolis  of  New  France  is  Quebeck  a  well  Fortified 
Town  being  inclosed  in  a  very  strong  wall  &  has  a  Strong  Fort 
scituated  on  a  Rock,  being  the  sea  Port  on  the  North  side  of 
River  S*.  Lawrence.  About  Sixty  Leagues  S*  West  thereof  is 
Montreal  on  the  same  side  of  the  River  wliich  is  regularry  forti- 
fy'd  &  Surrounded  with  a  strong  stone  wall,  having  Batteries 
within  &  a  Large  Trench  round  the  North<  East  &  West  Sides 
thereof  &  to  tlie  South  is  the  River. 

About  Seven  Leagues  South  from  Montreal  is  a  village  called 
Chambley  scituated  on  a  River  running  out  of  Corkers  Lake 
which  is  by  the  French  called  Champlain,  &  emptys  it  self  into 
the  River  S*.  Lawrence  at  Soreil  there  is  a  good  Strong  Stone  Port 
at  the  side  of  the  River  at  the  upper  end  of  a  Bason. 

The  French  have  also  a  very  Strong  Fort  to  the  west  of  Crown 
point,  at  the  side  &  South  east  end  of  Corlaer's  Lake  beforemen- 
tioned  called  by  the  French  La  pointe  au  la  Chevleures,  about 
Seventy  miles  to  the  Northward  of  our  farthest  Settlements,  built 
in  the  year  1736  for  a  retreat  when  the  French  at  any  time 


PROTIMCE  OF  NEW    YORK 


841 


ihonld  come  to  disturb  or  Annoy  our  Frontiers,  either  in  our 
Province  or  New  England.  Tills  Fort  is  scituated  on  a  Uoclc 
having  a  very  Strong  Cittadel  Arcii'd  witii  Stone  tiiree  Storys 
high,  the  wall  tlit/eof  is  alx)ut  Seven  feet  tliick,  it  commands  the 
};ntrauue  into  the  Lalce  beforementioned  from  the  Southward  &.ha8 
luur  Regular  Bastion  s,  to  the  Southward  is  a  Large  plain.  They 
Lilcewise  by  that  means  Extend  their  Limitts,  having  encroached 
upon  Land  belonging  to  his  Majesty. 

They  have  also  a  Strong  Fort  at  Cadaruchque  at  the  North 
East  End  of  the  Lake  Ontario  which  emptys  it  self  in  the  River 
S<.  Lawrence,  made  there  not  only  in  order  to  entice  the  Six 
Nations  of  Indians  to  their  Interest  &  to  have  an  awe  over  them, 
bat  also  for  a  retreat  to  the  French  when  at  any  time  they  should 
attack  or  Annoy  the  Six  Nations  &  likewise  to  prevent  the  said 
Six  Nations  from  going  to  Canada  in  time  of  War. 

They  have  also  a  strong  Fortification  at  Niagara  which  is  at 
the  South  west  end  of  Cadaruchque  Lake,  below  the  falls  of 
that  name  about  three  Leagues,  where  there  is  a  Carrying  place, 
it  borders  near  the  Six  Nations  which  in  a  great  Measure  com- 
mands the  Indian  Trade  the  Westward  &  overawe  the 
Sinnekes. 

They  have  severall  Settlements  &  Forts  as  above  observed  of 
Less  note  among  the  Upper  Nations  of  Indians  on  the  chief 
passages  as  the  Indians  come  from  their  hunting  in  order  to  In- 
tercept the  Furr  Trade  &  to  keep  an  awe  &  command  over  them. 

Albany  4«>Febr7  1737  18 


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X. 


REASONS 


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IN  SUPPORT  OP 

1 

lAL  ELECTIQ] 

IN    THE 

PROVINCE   OF  NEW  YORK: 


WITH  THE 


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KING'S  VETO  ON  THE  TBIENNIAL  ACT. 


1738. 


i 


■n : '! 


•,•  Previous  to  the  year  1743  there  was  no  limit  prescribed  by  Statute  to  the 
continuance  in  office  of  Members  of  Assembly  in  the  Province  of  New  York     It 
was  held  to  belong  to  the  Royal  Prerogative  to  dissolve  the  Legislature  and  to 
order  a  new  election.    The  consequence  was,  that  the  existence  of  the  Assembly 
generally  depended  on  its  subserviency  to  the  local  Governor  anrl  a  new  appeal  to 
the  People  was  made,  for  the  most  part,  only  when  the  popular  branch  quarrelled 
with  the  Executive.    Sometimes  only  a  few  months  intervened  between  general 
elections ;  sometimes  a  year,  but  usually  a  general  election  came  about  bienniallv 
until  the  administration  of  Gov.  Hunter,  when,  the  Assembly  elected  in  1716  con' 
tinued  its  functions  until  1726 — a  period  of  ten  ^ears  and  two  months.    The  elec. 
tions  for  representatives  after  this  happened,  from  divers  disturbing  causes  to  be 
annual  until  Gov.  Coeby's  administration,  when  the  Assembly  again  assumed  a 
protracted  existence  of  nine  years,  vizt:  from  1728  to  1737.    The  leaders  in  the 
popular  branch  seeing  this  tendency  to  abuse,  by  the  removal  of  the  representa- 
tives ft-om  all  responsibility  to  their  constituents,  determined  to  remedy  the  evil 
and  passed  a  bill  in  the  session  of  1734,  declaring  that  no  Assembly  should  con- 
tinue more  than  Three  Years.    The  Council,  however,  did  not  act  upon  it  and 
when  the  Legislature  again  met  in  October  of  the  same  year,  the  Assembly  sent 
to  enquire  what  had  been  done  with  their  Bill  of  the  spring.    It  was,  thereupon 
taken  up  and  amended  by  the  Council,  but  as  the  Assembly  refused  to  concur  in 
these  amendments,  it  was  lost,  for  the  Conncil  refused  to  recede  from  their  posi- 
tion.   The  Assembly,  now  (Nov.  28),  sent  an  address  to  the  Governor  request, 
ing  that  they  may  be  dissolved,  to  which  Cosby  replied,  that  as  it  was  a  part  of 
the  prerogative  to  convene  and  dissolve  them  at  pleasure,  he  was  determined  to 
act  in  the  premises  as  he  thought  proper,  and  not  as  they  desired,  and  in  this 
state  of  things  the  session  was  prorogued.    Shortly  after  the  meeting  of  the  Le- 
gislature in  the  following  year,  a  petition  was  presented  (Nov.  4,  1735)  to  the 
House  from  the  citizens  of  New  York,  complaining  of  the  long  continuance  of 
the  same  set  of  representatives,  and  praying  a  dissolution.     This  petition  was 
sent  to  Gov.  Cosby,  who  again  refused  compliance,  and  he  died,  in  March,  173G 
"almost  universally  detested,"  says  Smith.     In  April,  1737,  the  Triennial  Bill 
was  again  introduced,  but  it  did  not  reach  a  third  reading,  as  the  House  was  dis- 
solved, to  the  great  gratification  of  the  people,  on  the  3d  May,  1787,  after  its  nine 
years'  existence.    One  of  the  first  measures  introduced  in  the  new  House  (June 
16) ,  was  the  Bill  for  the  frequent  election  of  Representatives.    It  was  soon  passed, 
together  with  an  address  to  Lt.  Gov.  Clarke  (to  be  found  at  length  on  the  Jour- 
nals), urging  on  him  by  strong  and  unanswerable  arguments,  the  necessity  of  such 
a  reform.    His  Honor  returned  a  favorable  answer,  and  in  compliance,  as  i.  were, 
with  his  disposition,  the  Council  concurred,  and  the  Bill  received  the  Lieutenant 
Governor's  sanction  on  the  16th  Dec.  1737.    Before  the  Assembly  adjourned, 
they  requested  Clarke  to  use  his  utmost  endeavors  to  obtain  his  Majesty's  assent 
to  the  Bill.     It  was  sent  to  England  early  in  the  following  year,  when  the  Lieu- 
tenant Governor  strongly  recommended  it  to  the  favor  of  the  King's  Ministers. 
Some  of  the  arguments  in  favor  of  the  measure  and  its  ultimate  fate,  are  recorded 
in  the  follawing  Documents.    Ed. 


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TRIENNIAL  ELECTIONS,  1738. 


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;;jii      Memorandum  of  some  Grounds  and  Reasons  to  hop© 

,, ,;  that  his  Majesty  will  begraciously  pleased  togrant 

'  |T.  ,  i  r    '    his  Royal  Assent  to  the  Act  for  ffrequent  Election 

V  f  "         of  Reo) 'jsentatives  lately  passed  in  the  General 

,    #:    ;?  '      Assembly  of  the  Colony  of  New  York. 

That  happy  Union  that  is  Established  between  the  King  and 
his  People  under  the  British  Constitution,  has  so  closely  connected 
their  Mutual  Interests,  that  T«*atever  tends  to  the  advancement 
of  the  peace  and  prosperity  of  the  People,  it  may  be  Humbly 
presumed  will  be  a  Good  reason  why  it  should  meet  with  his 
Majestyes  approbation  and  Encouragement,  but  it  is  Conceived 
that  the  passing  that  Law,  will  tend  as  mucli  to  Advance  the 
Interest  of  his  Majestyes  Crown,  as  the  welfare  of  His  people  if 
it  be  Considered  that  the  Scituation  of  this  Colony  is  in  the  very 
Heart  of  the  British  Dominions  in  America,  that  it  Contains  a 
passage  from  the  Ocean  almost  all  the  way  by  water,  to  the  most 
distant  Nations  of  Indians,  which  lye  Northward  of  the  Bay  of 
Mexico.  It  is  near  to  Canada  once  the  seat  of  a  dangerous 
Enemy,  and  now  its  rival  in  the  flfur  trade,  which  is  of  so  much 
Importance  to  Great  Brittaiu  that  I'ts  in  the  neighborhood  of  a 
People  Extremly  Jealous  of  its  Interests,  and  ever  watchfull  to 
seize  on  every  Advantage  for  the  Extension  of  their  settlements 
upon  the  Lands  undoubtedly  belonging  to  the  British  Crown 
(witness  the  late  Settlements,  of  the  flfrench  at  Crown  Point,  and 
Niagara,  and  their  late  attemps  to  get  a  ilboting  in  the  Cinekes 
Country).  Tiiat  a  fatal  blow  will  be  given  to  this  British  Interest 
both  in  Europe  and  America,  if  this  Country  should  ever  fall 
into  the  hands  of  the  ffrench,  these  and  many  other  weighty 
considerations,  makes  the  welfare  &  prosperity  of  this  Colony,  of 
the  last  Consequence  to  the  Crown  of  Great  Brittain,  it  is  gener- 
ally Acknowledged,  that  not  one  Plantation  in  America  lias 
greater  Advantages  than  this  with  respect  to  the  fertility  of  its 


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TRIENNIAL   ELECTIONS  IN 


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Soil,  healthfullness  of  its  ^ir  and  Commodiousness  of  its  Scitu 
ation  for  an  Inland  and  foreign  Trade  and  Navigation.    Yet 
under  these  many  Natural  advantages,  it  is  a  sad  trutli  universally 
attested,  That  it  has  been  for  many  years  visibly  Declining  in  its 
Husbandry,   Navigation,    Trade,    Ship    Building    and   other 
Manufactures,  Advantagious  to  Great  Brittain.    It  has  been 
deserted  by  great  numbers  of  its  Sea  men  and  other  Inhabitants 
who  have  been  obliged  to  Seek  their  Bread  in  the  neighbouring 
Colonies,  while  the  Lands  in  the  Country  and  the  Houses  in  the 
Citj-,  have  been  seen  to  sink  to  near  lialf  their  Iformer  Value 
and  its  Navigation  Almost  wholy  fallen  into  the  hands  of 
Strangers,  and  at  the  same  time,  universal  Discontent  ready  to 
break  out  into  publick  Tumult  and  Disorder,  and  £xtream 
poverty,  have  overspread  the  Country  and  threatened  its  utter 
ruin. 

This  is,  or  very  lately  was,  the  Miserable  Estate  of  this  Colony, 
whicli  rendered  the  Disolution  of  the  last  Assembly  Necessary 
both  for  his  Majesty's  Honour  and  the  Interest  of  the  Country. 
And  the  present  Assembly  when  chosen,  being  of  Opinion  that 
the  present  and  past  Miseries  of  this  Country,  were  greatly 
owing  to  the  want  of  the  frequent  election  of  Assemblys,  they 
past  the  Law  in  Question,  presuming  that  upon  the  weighty 
Reasons  upon  which  it  is  founded,  it  would  not  fail  of  the  Royal 
Assent.  The  Assembly  observed,  that  tlie  Great  Declension  of 
this  Country  in  all  its  valuable  Interests,  liad  hapened  during  the 
Continuance  of  the  Two  last  long  Assemblies,  while  at  the  same 
time  no  visible  Cause  could  be  assigned  for  it  but  what  it  was  in 
the  power  of  a  ifree  and  flfrequent  Representation  of  the  People 
to  prevent,  Especially  when  at  the  same  time,  the  neighbouring 
Colonies  of  the  Masachusets  Bay  Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island 
on  t]ie  one  liand,  and  Pensilvania  on  the  other,  were  Increasing 
in  People,  fflourishing  in  Trade,  and  alK)unding  with  Wealth  and 
Contentment. 

The  Assembly  Observed  that  those  Colonies  have  the  Annual 
Choice  of  their  Representatives,  by  which  General  Grievances 
are  either  happily  Prevented,  or  always  Speedily  redressed  while 
by  Experience  they  have  found,  that  the  long  Continuance  of 
Assemblies  in  this  Colony,  liad  an  unliappy  Tendency  to  Intro* 


THS  PROTINCE  OF  NEW   YORK. 


247 


dnoe  Grievances,  and  Establish  them  as  an  Insupportable  Burthen 
upon  the  People.  They  observed  that  the  long  Continuance  of 
power  in  the  same  hands,  had  always  grown  up  into  an  oppres- 
sive Domination  of  a  few  men,  which  they  found  to  have  been 
the  fruitful!  Parent  of  all  those  Evils,  under  which  tliis  Country 
had  Visibly  Declined ;  and  which  had  in  some  late  Instances 
Proved  Exceeding  Dangerous  to  the  Peace  of  His  Majesty's 
Oovemmeut  within  this  Colony. 

These  are  the  Reasons  tliat  Induced  the  Assembly  with  great 
Zeal  and  Unanimity  to  propose  and  pass  that  Law,  as  a  most 
necessary  Expedient,  i;o  retrieve  the  Peace  and  Probiote  th« 
prosperity  of  this  Miserable  and  Distressed  Colony. 

The  Just  representation  of  this  matter  to  His  Majisty,  It's 
believed  cannot  fail  of  procuring  his  assent  to  this  Law,  which 
his  People  here  have  so  much  at  heart.  Tis  not  doubted  but 
His  Majisty  will  think  it  necessary  for  His  Honor,  that  His 
Subjects  here,  should  live  as  easy  and  as  happy  under  His  imme- 
diate Government  as  His  Subjects  are  in  the'Neighbouring  Colo- 
nies, under  the  Charters  Granted  by  His  Royal  Predecessors. 
Tis  verily  believed,  that  nothing  can  have  a  more  happy  Ten- 
dency to  Accomplish  this,  than  the  passing  this  law.  '^' 

Tis  Evi<ient,  that  the  Liberty  Ease  and  Safety  of  the  People 
in  the  Neighbouring  Colonies,  who  Enjoy  the  Priviledge  of 
Choosing  their  Assemblies  yearly,  is  Attended  with  the  most 
happy  Consequences;  this  causes  them  to  multiply  Exceedingly, 
by  their  Natural  Growth,  and  vast  Additions  from  Protestant 
Countrys  abroad,  Whereas  this  Colony  is  but  thinly  Peopled,  and 
more  persons  have  Deserted  it  than  have  come  to  it  for  several 
years  past.  Tliose  Colonies  have  been  fflourishing  in  Trade,  and 
Extending  it  abundantly  while  it  lias  been  miserably  declining 
among  us.  Twill  hardly  be  believed  in  England  that  those 
Goverments,  have  so  much  the  Advantage  of  us,  in  the  Value 
of  their  Lands,  as  they  have.  It  being  a  truth  Capable  of  the 
fullest  proof,  tliat  the  Lands  in  Connecticut,  will  sell  for  three  times 
the  price  of  the  Lands  in  New  York,  tho  the  Lands  are  Conti- 
guous, and  there  is  no  Diiference  in  the  Soil,  but  what  proceeds 
meerly  from  tlie  Partition  line  that  Divides  it.  This  Country 
has  an  Advantage  for  Sliip  Building,  raising  of  Hemp,  making. 


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TaiENKIAL  ELECTIONS   IN 


of  Iron  and  other  Naval  Stores,  beyond  any  of  the  Plantations 
in  America.    Tet  it  is  evident,  that  under  the  Ease  and  Safety 
of  the  Charter  Goverments,  Secured  Chiefly  by  their  Annual 
Assemblys  These  Colonies  have  flourished  to  a  great  Degree  in 
those  usefull  Manufactures,  so  Advantagious  to  the  Trade  and 
Safety  of  Great  Britain,  while  this  Colony  has  been  under  such 
Discouragements,  as  to  have  done  little  or  nothing  in  these  Man- 
ufactures, but  lias  seen  the  Iron  Ore  carried  from  lience,  to  be 
worked  up  at  about  200  miles  Distance  in  New  England,  the  with 
Respect  to  Wood  and  Water,  this  Country  has  as  good  or  better 
Conveniences  than  that,  the  vast  Number  of  People  Inhabit- 
ing the  New  England  Colonies,  the  sudden  and  prodigious  growth 
of  Peusilvania,  with  tlieir  Annual  Assemblies  while  the  flnist 
Colony  lying  between  them,  under  th»  Kings  Immediate  Gover- 
ment,  that  has  been  as  long  Settled  as  either  of  them,  is  Empty 
of  People  poor  and  Starving,  is  generally  believed  to  be  chiefly 
owing  to  those  Mischiefs,  which  have  arose  from  the  want  of  a 
frequent  Election  of  Assemblies,  and  the  passing  of  this  Law, 
will  Doubtless  Tend  to  the  Multiplying  of  our  People,  the  Ex- 
tension of  our  ffrontiers,  the  promoting  of  the  fUr  Trade,  and 
making  this  Colony  a  strong  Barrier  against  the  ffrench,  and 
Consequently  the  Bulwark  and  Safety  of  British  Interests  in 
America.    It  will  make  this  Colony  of  more  Service  to  Great 
Britain,  by  a  larger  Consumption  of  its  Commodities,  by  raising 
of  Hemp  and  making  of  Iron,  and  other  Naval  Stores.    It  will 
raise  a  spirit  of  Industry  among  the  People,  and  Extend  our 
Trade,  restore  our  Seamen  and  Navigation,  and  remove  that 
Discontent,  which  has  always  Increased  in  proportion  to  the  Age 
of  Past  Assemblies.    It  will  raise  the  Honour  of  His  Majestys 
immediate  Government,  as  it  will  greatly  advance  the  happiness 
of  His  people,  titat  live  under  it,  and  will  make  the  Neighboring 
Colonies  to  set  a  less  value  upon  their  Charters.    It  is  a  Privi- 
lege Enjoyed  by  the  Provinces  of  New  Hampshire  and  South 
Carolina  Barbadoeo  Antigna  and  tlj?  Leward  Islands  under  His 
Majesty  es  Immediate  G.'emraent  to  have  an  Annual  Election 
of  Assemblies,  and  North  Carolina  Enjoys  a  Biennial  Assembly, 
and  it  may  be  hoped  that  his  Majesty  will  not  deny  to  his  Loyal 
Subjects  in  New  York,  what  not  only  their  welfare  and  prosper- 


THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YOBK 


249 


i^,  but  also  the  peace  and  Honour  of  His  Goverment,  the 
Interests  of  His  Crown,  and  the  Trade  of  Great  Britain,  and  the 
Safety  of  the  Neighbouring  Colonies  seems  to  render  absolutely 
necessary. 

Memorandum  of  Some  of  the  Reasons  that  may  be 
offered  for  obtaining  his  Majesties  Royall  Assent 
to  the  Act  for  frequent  Election  of  Representa- 
tives. - 

First,  For  that  its  the  Universal  Opinion  of  the  Inhabitants 
of  this  Colony  that  the  Long  Continuance  of  Assemblys  has  been 
one  of  the  greatest  Causes  of  the  present  Declining  State  of  this 
Colony,  which  is  such  that  while  our  Neighbours  of  Pensilvania 
on  the  one  hand  and  of  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island  and  Massa- 
chusets  Bay  and  New  Hampshire  on  the  other  Hand  Do  yearly 
greatly  Encrease  in  numbers  of  People  and  the  value  of  their 
Lands  rise  and  their  Trade  flourishes,  Yet  this  Colony  which 
has  much  greater  Natural  advantages  than  any  of  them  has  for 
several  years  past  decreased  in  numbers  of  People,  Rents  in  the 
City  of  New  York  have  generally  fallen  near  one  half,  and  the 
Lands  of  this  Colony  about  one  third  part  of  the  value  which 
they  have  heretofore  been  at,  Our  seamen  and  Ship  Carpenters 
have  almost  wlioUy  deserted  us,  and  our  Navigation  is  almost 
got  into  the  Hands  of  Strangers  to  this  Colony.  Long  Assem- 
blys are  supposed  to  be  one  of  the  greatest  Causes  of  this  Bad 
State,  by  their  not  finding  Remedies  to  prevent  or  put  a  stop  to 
this  declining  State,  by  their  Sufiering  the  People  long  to  Labour 
under  Grievances,  without  obtaining  or  Endeavouring  to 
obtain  relief  against  them.  In  some  Counties  even  their  very 
Representatives  have  become  themselves  their  greatest  Grie- 
vance For  while  they  have  Suffered  and  Abetted  a  Govemour 
in  Tyrannizing  over  all  they  have  become  Deputy  Tyrants  in 
their  Counties.  They  have  often  got  into  their  Hands  the  Sole 
Recommendation  of  all  Judges,  Justices,  Officers  of  the  Militia, 
and  other  Officers  in  their  Counties,  those  so  recommended  by 
them  they  Supported  in  those  Offices  tho'  often  unworthy  of 
them,  The  hopes  of  being  supported  encouraged  those  officers 
to  Despise  and  Oppress  the  People  And  thus  a  Gradation  of 


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Tyrants  has  been  often  Established  and  Supported  and  the  Peo- 
ple left  Destitute  of  Relief  against  their  Daily  Insults  and  Inju- 
ries—Which with  many  other  tilings  too  many  to  repeat  with 
too  much  reason  has  induced  many  of  the  Inhabitants  to  thinlc 
they  had  no  Liberty  at  all  nor  property  certain  in  this  Colony, 
and  tliat  they  had  better  to  remove  to  the  neiglibouring  Colonies 
of  Either  Side  wliere  such  Tyrannizing  was  fully  prevented  by 
a  yearly  Election  of  Representatives  and  where  the  Liberties 
and  Properties  of  the  People  are  well  preserved — ^And  its  uni- 
versally believed  that  a  frequent  Election  of  Representatives 
would  have  the  like  effect  here,  And  that  the  Short  duration  of 
Assemblys  will  not  only  prevent  the  Representatives  themselves 
from  Domineering  in  their  Counties  by  Laying  them  under  a 
necessity  to  preserve  the  Affections  of  the  People  in  order  to 
preserve  their  power  But  will  also  give  the  People  an  Opportu- 
nity from  time  to  time  to  Chuse  such  men  as  are  Sensible  of 
what  Grievances  they  Labour  under  and  as  are  Capable  to  obtain 
a  Redress  of  them,  and  of  what  has  Rendered  or  is  like  to  render 
the  Liberties  and  properties  of  the  People  precarious. 

Secondly— The  great  Natural  advantages  which  this  Colony 
has  beyond  the  neighbouring  Colonies  by  its  Furr  Trade,  Excel- 
lent Harbours,  their  nearness  to  tlie  Sea,  its  Inland  Navigation 
to  &  through  every  one  of  the  Counties  of  this  Colony  and  to 
and  amongst  the  Indian  Nutions  as  far  as  the  Banks  of  St  Law- 
rence River  and  its  Lakes  and  the  fertile  soil  of  this  Colony,  with 
the  hopes  that  this  Law  often  by  the  people  and  Assemblies  in 
vain  endeavoured  for  might  at  last  be  obtained,  Tho'  they  have 
not  been  able  to  hinder  this  Colony  from  greatly  Declining  while 
its  Neighbours  with  much  less  Natural  Advantages  are  growing 
and  flourishing  Yet  they  have  hitherto  in  great  measure  hindered 
its  being  intirely  deserted  But  should  his  Majestic  deny  his 
Royal  Assent  to  this  Law  its  to  be  feared  That  great  numbers 
of  the  InhabitJ»iits  would  forthwith  provide  to  remove  to  the 
Neighbouring  Colonies  where  they  believe  they  are  more  Sure 
of  protection  for  their  Liberties  and  Properties  This  Colony 
which  is  the  Barrier  against  the  French  for  the  other  Colonies 
may  thereby  in  time  be  Deserted,  The  Trench  our  Rivals  in 
the  fitUr  Trade  will  then  get  it  intirely  from  us  into  their  Hands 


.♦  . 


THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 


251 


Great  Britain  will  thereby  lose  the  Exportation  of  Great  Quan- 
tities of  Strouds,  Blankets  and  other  Woollen  Goods  which  the 
Indians  now  take  in  Exchange  for  their  fifurs,  and  fifrance  will 
acquire  tlie  furnisliing  of  them  with  the  Same,  And  also  the 
manufacturing  of  the  ffur  and  Skins  got  from  the  Indians  in 
Exchange,  and  possibly  this  Colony  may  at  last  become  possess- 
ed by  the  French  as  a  Derelict  (as  parts  of  it  on  the  Banks  of 
S»  Lawrence  and  its  Lakes  already  [are]  Crown  point  and  Neagara 
are  Examples  of  this)  and  the  other  Colonies  will  by  this>means 
be  exposed  to  their  Insults  &  Even  to  be  Conquered  by  them 
And  unless  the  Liberties  and  Properties  of  the  People  of  this 
Colony  are  Secured  by  this  Law  its  Conceived  not  only  impossi- 
ble for  it  to  grow  as  Other  the  neighbouring  Colonies  but  even 
to  hinder  the  Inhabitants  from  greatly  deserting  it 

Thirdly — The  neighbouring  Colonies  of  Pensilvania  on  the  one 
hand  and  of  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island  Massachusets  Bay  & 
New  Hampshire  on  the  other  liand  have  the  Priviledge  of 
Annual  Assemblies  secured  to  them.  By  means  of  which  any 
Grievance  that  Affects  the  People  is  their  quickly  removed 
Their  Liberties  and  properties  are  by  reasonable  Laws  protected 
and  Eiyoyed  This  Encourages  their  people  to  Industry  and  to 
the  Extending  their  Trade  This  invites  not  only  the  people  of 
this  Colony  to  them  but  also  great  numbers  from  all  Protestant 
Countries  in  Europe  Whereas  in  this  Colony  for  want  of  a 
speedy  redress  of  Grievances  and  the  Security  of  the  Liberties 
and  Properties  of  the  People  foreigners  are  discouraged  to  Come 
and  Settle  with  us,  and  Discontents  Do  Sometimes^rise  amongst 
us  to  a  very  great  Heighth,  Insomuch  that  Insurrections  liave 
been  often  not  without  reason  feared  The  precariousness  of  the 
Liberties  and  Properties  of  the  People  Curbs  their  Industry 
This  Colony  abounds  with  Iron  Oar  and  with  streams  of  Water 
and  timber  fitt  for  melting  it  and  bringing  it  into  Barrs,  which 
are  intirely  neglected  while  our  neighbours  with  less  Conveni- 
ence have  got  to  a  great  heiglith  in  that  manufacture  This 
Colony  has  plenty  of  Lands  fitt  for  Hemp  which  lies  neglected, 
while  our  neighbours  have  much  improved  in  it  That  precari- 
ousness Cramps  the  minds  of  the  People  from  thinking  to 
Launch  out  into  trade  which  has  given  otlier  Colonies  the  oppor 


y 


:/■ 


'  ■■*• 


I  . 


*     il 


m'  < 


m 

Fff 

r* 

-'  1 

■  *' 

'  ■  .^ 

't 

1  ■". 

1     ■■ 
1 

1  ♦ 

■  ■■"' : 

«i^  ■: 

M  i 


i-    * 


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I-'    : 


I'lr . 


TRIENNIAL   ELECTIONS   IN 


tunlty  to  become  almost  our  Sole  Carriers,  and  should  we 
Decrease  in  our  Shipping  as  for  some  years  past,  they  will  soon 
be  entirely  so — 

Fourthly, — If  his  Majestic  will  be  graciously  pleased  to  give 
his  Assent  to  this  Act  its  lioped  and  believed,  that  by  means  of 
it  no  great  Grievance  will  remain  long  unredressed,  That  reason- 
able Laws  will  from  time  to  time  be  made  to  secure  the  Liber- 
ties and  Properties  of  the  People.  This  will  its  lioped,  soon 
invite  Back  our  people  that  liave  deserted  us — Tliis  will  induceour 
neighbors  to  believe  they  can  be  as  safe  in  their  Liberties  and 
properties  and  that  they  can  live  as  happily  under  his  Majesties 
immediate  Government  as  under  any  of  tlieir  Charter  Govern- 
ments, And  when  they  are  so  Convinced  Its  not  Doubted  but 
that  the  Natural  Advantag'es  which  this  has  Beyond  those  Colo- 
nies will  soon  invite  many  of  them  to  settle  here  and  Encourage 
other  Foreign  Protestants  to  follow  their  example.  By  which  our 
Indian  Trade  and  the  Settlement  of  this  Colony  may  soon  be 
greatly  extended;  Its  probable  the  want  of  bringing  this  Colony 
into  tliose  Circumstances  that  has  obstructed  its  being  settled 
quite  to  and  along  the  Banks  of  S*  Lawrence  &  its  Lakes,  and 
which  has  given  the  Opportunity  to  tlie  French  to  make  Sundry 
Settlements  there  which  this  Colony  might  have  done,  so  that 
this  Colony  has  but  one  single  Settlement  upon  the  Lakes  of 
S'  Lawrence,  to  witt,  Oswego  &  no  Settlement  within  one  hun- 
dred &  fifty  miles  thereof  to  support  it. 

But  its  hoped  that  this  may  still  be  in  great  measure  retrieved 
if  this  Colony  be  brought  into  the  Circumstances  aforesaid  For 
this  Colony  by  its  safe  and  short  navigation  to  Brittain  and  its 
safe,  short  and  speedy  Inland  Navigation  to  the  Indian  Nations 
and  Lakes  of  S'  Lawrence  may  be  Enabled  far  to  undersel  the 
French  amongst  the  Indians,  and  thereby  Can  in  time  cut  them 
out  of  all  that  Trade,  which  now  they  will  probably  cut  us  out 
of,  if  this  act  should  be  Damned. 

Fifthly — Should  it  be  objected  by  Enemies  to  the  being  of 
this  Colony,  That  tho'  our  Neigliboring  Colonies  of  both  Sides 
have  Annual  Elections,  yet  they  are  Charter  Governments  and 
why  should  the  Kings  Government  follow  their  Example. 
Answer,  Its  Derogatory  to  his  Msijisties  goodness  and  Honour  to 


\i    .; 


THE  PROVINCE     )F  NEW   Yb  UC. 


35a 


suppose  that  he  would  Deny  any  thing  to  the  Colo  .tes  Mni^ 
his  immediate  Government  that  will  tend  to  tii<  well  bei  ^ 
and  prosperity  which  tliis  Act  plainly  will,  and  1)'^*$  in  tliose 
Colonies  which  Enjoy  the  Benefit  of  it,  On  the  Coiitiury  it 
would  Greatly  tend  to  his  Majesties  Honour  and  Interest  that 
the  Colonies  under  his  Immediate  Government  had  their  Liber- 
ties and  Properties  Even  better  Secured  by  Go^kI  Laws  than  in 
those  Charter  Governments.  Tlie  Certain  Consequence  wliereof 
would  be  That  such  Colonies  under  his  Majisties  immediate 
Government  would  flourish  more  than  the  Charter  Colonies  now  * 
do.  That  would  tend  to  make  those  Colonies  indillerent  as  to 
their  Charters  and  in  time  to  give  them  up  and  to  Cliuse  his 
Majesties  immediate  Government  in  the  place  tliereof.  Whereas 
while  this  Colony  remains  in  its  past  uncertain  State  as  to  the 
Liberties  and  Properties  of  the  People,  Those  neighboring  Colo- 
nies get  our  people  from  us,  and  are  taught  by  our  Sufferings 
highly  to  value  their  Charters  and  to  pity  our  Misfortunes. 

Sixthly — Its  not  Charter  Governments  only  that  have  the 
priviledge  of  frequent  Election  of  Representatives  for  their 
General  Assembly, — For  we  are  well  assured  that  South  Caro- 
lina and  North  Carolina  have  likewise  tliat  priviledge  the  first 
an  Annual  Election  and  the  last  a  biennial,  But  as  to  them  it 
may  be  said,  they  had  those  Priviledges  while  they  were  Charter 
Governments,  But  as  to  that  we  are  informed  that  Barbadoes- Anti- 
gua &  the  otiier  Leward  Islands  never  were  Charter  Governments 
and  yet  they  have  the  Priviledge  of  an  Annual  Election  Whether 
any  and  which  of  the  other  Colonies  have  such  priviledges  we 
are  unacquainted,  But  whither  they  have  or  not  we  Conceive  is 
verjr  Uttle  to  the  Question,  which  we  think  is. 

Whether  as  this  Colony  is  Scituated  betwixt  Colonies  on  both 
Sides  which  have  it.  And  as  this  Colony  has  greatly  Suffered 
and  now  suffers  thro'  the  want  of  it.  It  be  possible  for  tliis 
Colony  to  preserve  its  inhabitants  and  to  prosper,  and  to  keep 
on  a  footing  with  the  neighbouring  Colonies  without  that  privi- 
ledge which  they  enjoy  so  much  tending  to  their  happyness, 
advantage  and  prosperity. 

And  whetlier  the  Declining  State  of  this  Colony  thro*  the 
want  of  that  Law  does  not  tend  to  the  Loss  of  the  Indian  Trade, 


« 

• 


f 

\  ■ 


i 


;^• 


:  .    » - 


t54 


TRICNNIAL   ELECTIONS   IN 


to  the  Dispeopling  of  tliis  Colony,  to  the  Possessing  of  it  by  the 
French,  and  to  the  Loss  of  all  the  other  Colonies  in  Consequence 
of  it. 


MM 


,#  .:. 


REPRESENTATION  TO  THE  KING. 

Aug*  10t»»  1738. 
To  the  kings  most  Excellent  Majesty 
May  it  please  your  Majesty 

We  have  had  under  our  consideration  an  act  passed  in  your 
Majestys  Province  of  New  Yorlc  in  December  1737  intitled  «Au 
Act  for  the  frequent  elections  of  Representatives  to  serve  in 
Geni  Assembly  and  for  the  frequent  calling  and  meeting  of  the 
General  Assembly  so  Elected." 

We  have  likewise  had  the  opinion  oi  M'  Fane  one  of  your 
Majesty's  Council  at  Law,  and  are  of  opinion  with  him  that  it  is 
an  Infringment  of  Your  Majesty's  Prerogative  by  taking  away 
the  undoubted  Right  which  the  Crown  has  always  exercised  by 
calling  and  continuing  the  assembly  of  this  Colony  at  such  times 
and  as  long  as  it  was  thought  necessary  for  the  publick  service, 
and  as  no  reason  has  appeared  to  us  to  require  such  an  Innovation, 
we  humbly  lay  the  same  before.  Your  Majesty  for  your  Royal 
Disapprobation, 

Which  is  most  humbly  submitted 


■&' 


R.  Plumeb 

M.  Bladen    ' 

'.•\  .''\    1  jS'.''      '/, 

iiJ.i 

.fi--' 

MONSON 

Ja.  Bbndenxll 

Whitehs 

lU             I 

i^i-i 

r\f'  -Jj 

'iy.i  i  'J 

August 

lotk  1788  ; 

.-■  * 

t   i-A 

.' '  i !  .  -        ! ' 

^/fl.;    <'  V  ',..=      ^■ 

.{.-..,,    ,^;,    ,■ 

,  1, 

ViV/i 

>.;  '•  i.' 

1  Vl'»''!'(-       •    .      ,. 

>M        A       U:U 

-;- 

;'.;!,'• 

:.'fi.  ■-:!' 

-  .•••(••.!i  j^',  ,  '  ,1  ■  ;  ' 

-..^     .:.,\w  ■[..:) 

;>-i-i  .[ 

.  ../"**' 

:  '■•.    .,J    ■•  'if.,;-.? 

(?  .r: 

■    :■<■        ■!■    ■     ■   .-i       ;•;,.-! 

*"' 

,f>     ..t    Ik    'i           ^•n 

(Sf', 

f.:--'^'J 

ilt'M  'r. 

'      '■••?«    '-,'•       'u^ 

ttm' 

•.:h 

n 

bhH^ 

tnt?  )c%.i\, 

i:r  I  1.H;;h  'Vf  tfjr.ri 

'ttMK 


THK  PlOVUfCX  OF  MBW-YQU. 


iWh^tmr 


.266 


VETO  OF  THE  TRIENNIAL  ACT.  *  '-^^ 

[GouQcQ  MIn.  XYIL]  ^ 

At  the  Court  of  St.  James'b  the  30^  Nov'  1788. 
Present 
The  Kings  most  Excellent  Majesty.  ""  «»''''^»"*"'4 

Arch  Bishop  of  Canterbury       Earl  of  Abercome. 
Lord  Chancellor.  Earl  of  Selkirk 

Lord  President.  Lord  Harvey. 

Puke  of  Montagu.  Lord  Harrington 

Earl  of  Pembrooke.  M'  Speaker 

Earl  of  Oraintham.  S'  Paul  Methuen. 

Earl  of  Cholmondley  Horatio  Walpole  Esq'. 

Whereas  by  Commission  under  the  Great  Seal  of  Great 
Britain,  the  Govemour  Council  and  Assembly  of  His  Majesty's 
Province  of  New- York,  are  Authorized  and  Impowered  to  make, 
Constitute  and  Ordain  Laws,  Statutes  and  Ordinances,  for  the 
Publick  Peace,  Welfare  and  Good  Government  of  the  said 
Province ;  which  Laws,  Statutes  and  Ordinances  are  to  be,  as 
near  as  conveniently  may  be,  agreeable  to  the  Laws  and  Statutes 
of  this  Kingdom,  and  to  be  transmitted  for  His  Majesty's  Royal 
Approbation  or  Disallowance ;  And  Whereas  in  Pursuance  of 
the  said  Powers,  An  Act  was  past  in  the  said  Province  in  Dec. 
1737.    Entitled 

<<  An  Act  for  the  frequent  Election  of  Representatives 
« to  serve  in   General  Assembly  and  for  the 
'  <<  frequent  calling  and  meeting  of  the  General 

"  Assembly  so  Elected." 

Which  act  together  with  a  Representation  from  the  Lords 
Commissioners  for  Trade  and  Plantations  proposing  the  Repeal 
thereof,  having  been  referred  to  the  Consideration  of  a  Committee 
of  the  Lords  of  His  Majesty's  most  Hon»»i«  Privy  Council 
for  Plantation  Afifairs,  The  said  Lords  of  the  Committee  did  this 
day  Report  to  His  Majesty  as  their  opinion,  that  the  said  Act 
ought  to  be  repealed : — His  Majesty  taking  the  same  into  his 
Royal  Consideration,  was  pleased,  with  the  advice  of  his  Privy 
Council,  to   Declare  his  Disallowance  of  the  said  Act,  and 


♦        *  ►!« 


t56        TRIEMNIAL  StSCTIONS  IN  TBt  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  TORE. 

pursuant  to  His  Majesty's  Royal  Pleasure  thereupon  Exprest 
the  said  act  is  hereby  repealed,  Declared  void,  and  of  none 
effect :  Whereof  the  Governor  or  Commander  in  Chief  of  His 
MJajesty's  Province  of  New  York  for  the  time  being,  and  all 
others  whom  it  may  concern,  are  to  take  Notice  and  GoTern 
Ihemselves  accordingly 

Ja  :  Vernon. 
'    Albany  Octr  7th  1768. 


♦    '•-.K.l/ 


V      >.A      .    ': .      ir 


NoTX.— A  Law,  commonly  called  the  Septennial  act,  was  passed  in  1743,  by 
which  the  continuance  of  the  Provincial  Assembly  was  limited  to  seven  yean. 
Thii  Act  remained  in  force  down  to  the  Bevolution- — Ed. 


I  -  ■    _.  r  ^    ■      .  -.1 

:>Ut    V'i   lain  '.     b4')i:'«*?      :;'l.    •)ri<-,    o^  •»• 


XI. 


JOURNALS 


01 


• 


Sir  WM.  JOHNSON'S  SCOUTS. 

I 


1755, 1756. 


.">'/ 


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f 


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Vol.  IV. 


If 


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■m 


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'■n^ ,„t,Win,y /o  IM  1^'  /fi,/,i/, „<■>,/  .'A^riiiiti,  Mr  .'      ///<> 


l.ilh.o/'  liicH'f  ff./'itutr.  ^i  I  lid  II 11 1,1  l,<l.ii 


■'//'//"■'.r 


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■# 


JF  THRE 
FREDE1 
THERE^ 

Set  foi 
at  about 
light,  too: 
Forces  th 
Saw,  that 
part  of  th 
The  171 
houses,  ah 
Dight  weni 
passing  a 
thirtj  rod 
Southwest 
two  rods 
End — wen 
&  about  t 
a  Mile  We 
the  Fort 
from  the 
Water  sid 
it. 

A  Wind 

SpacQ  man 

&  appurte 

the  whole 

or  Six  hun 

Their  P« 

seemed  un 

Wood.    Sc 

Scout— Wc 


f' 


f 


'•^('t 


•fr. 


f- ^^-; 


■  \ 


A  JOURNAL  OF  THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  SCOUT 

DF  THREE  MEN  SENT  FROM  LAKE  GEORGE  TO  RECONOITRE  FORT 
FREDERICK,  OR  CROWN  POINT  FORT  THE  NEW  WORKS,  AND  ARMY 
THERE.  , 

Set  foi-nrard  in  a  Battoe  from  the  Encampmeql^  the  14^^  Sept— 
at  about  25  miles  distance  down  the  Lake,  landed  about  day 
light,  took  the  Battoe  out  &  hid  it,  left  two  Men  of  Connecticut 
Forces  there  to  watch  the  Battoe,  &  Provisions  till  our  return — 
Saw,  tliat  morning.  Sundry  Indian  Canoes  passing  in  the  Lower 
part  of  the  Lake.    Went  forward  towards  Crown  Point. 

The  17">  day,  at  evening  discovered  the  wheat  fields,  &  four 
houses,  about  2  miles  Southerly  from  Crown  Point  Fort.  In  the 
night  wept  to  the  Intrenchment,  made  from  the  Fort,  Encom- 
passing a  little  Hill,  the  Trenches  not  fioished,  but  reaches  about 
thirty  rods  from  the  Fort.  Which  Intrenchment  begins  at  the 
Southwest  Corner  of  the  Fort,  &  Trends  Southwesterly,  about 
two  rods  wide  at  the  Fort,  &  widens  to  about  15,  at  the  other 
End — went  into  the  Trench,  &  spent  the  night,  for  discovery  in 
&  about  there  till  morning,  &  then  retired  to  a  Mountain,  about 
a  Mile  West  from  the  Fort,  where  there  was  a  Clear  view  of  all 
the  Fort  and  appurtenances — and  saw  an  addition  to  the  Fort, 
from  the  Northwest  Corner,  about  25  rods,  which  reached  to  the 
Water  side,  Inclosing  some  Buildings — many  Tents  set  up  in 

it. 
A  Windmill  about  Sixty  rods  South  of  the  Fort,  in  which 

Space  many  Tents  were  up— had  a  Clear  discovery  of  the  Fort, 

&  appurtenances.    The  Soldiery  were  Mustered,  &  Exercised — 

the  whole  of  French,  &  Indians  we  Judged  were  near  upon  Five 

or  Six  hundred. 

Their  People,  some  few  were  at  work  at  the  Intrenchmen*", 

seemed  unconcerned— hunting  Pidgeons  &c.  all  round  in  thg(i 

Wood.    Some  of  *  which  came  within  about  fifteen  rods  of  the 

Sc<mt— We  came  off  the  Hill  at  night.        *  :f  rr : 


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JOURNALS  OF 


19th.  Set  liomeward,  travelled  to  the  Lake,  about  Six  Miles 
from  Tloiiduroque. 

20'>>.  Set  up  the  Lake,  to  where  we  left  the  Battoe,  found  that, 
&  the  two  Men  (we  left)  were  gone,  and  we  set  homeward.  The 
23^  late  at  night  arrived  at  the  great  Camp. 

The  land  is  Rough,  and  Mountain(^s  from  the  Lower  end  of 

the  Lake,  to  Crown  Point.    The  distance  about  20  miles.    And 

we  apprehend  impracticable  to  git  a  leasable  Road  there— Which 

is  the  Cieneral  Account  of  the  discovereys  we  have  made.    And 

is  humbly  submyjlted  by 

Your  Honours  it; 

)  Most  Dutifbll,  and 

Obedient  Servant 

I  Robert  Rodgers. 

24«' Sepf  1755. 

To  the  Hon»»J«  Joseph  Blanchard  Esq.  Col°  of  the  New  Hamp- 
diire  Regim^  In  the  Expedition  gainst  Crown  Point. 

May  it  please  your  Honour 

The  foregoing  is  a  Rep#rt  of  Capt  Robert  Rodgers,  under  your 

direction,  sent  with  a  party  to  Crown  Point,  to  Recpnoitre  that 

Post.    Which  is  humbly  offered  by  Your 

Most  humble  Servant 

Joseph  Blanchard.  i 
i.  Lake  George  24"»  Sept'  1756. 

U  To  the  Hon>>>^  General  Johnson. 


fl! 


A  JOURNAL  OF  THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  SCOUT 


OP  FIVE  MEW  SENT  FROM  THE  ENCAMPMENT  AT  LAKE  GEORGE  TO 
BBOONOITRE  THE  ENCAMPMENT  OF  THE  FRENCH  AND  INDIANS  AT 
TORONDUROQUE. 

Sep*  27th.  p.  M.    Set  forward,  in  a  Birch  Canoe.    Past  that 
M     night  Sundry  Indian  Fires  (their  Spyes)  by  the  sides  of  the  Lake. 
Put  ashore  about  7  miles  from  the  Carrying  place,  left  three 
^ith  the  Canoe — two  went  forward. 

Early  on  ths  28^*'  about  ten  in  the  morning  came  in  view  of 
an  Encampment  at  i.he  lower  end  of  the  Lake,  at  the  Carrying 


Lake 
To  the 


■  »'J 


SIR  WM.  Johnson's  scouts.      * 


261 


place,  of  about  onf  thousand  French  and  Indians — We  Crawled 
thro'  their  Guards  to  within  about  thii'ty  or  forty  rods  of  the 
Encampment.  * 

There  was  no  Fort  nor  Artillery  there.  We  retired  &  went 
about  one  Mile  &  a  half  further,  &  discovered  their  Grand  En- 
campment—Crept thro'  their  Guards  to  within  about  Sixty  rods, 
found  a  Fort  building  there— discover'd  a  Number  of  Cannon 
Mounted— we  had  a  Convenient  Situation  for  a  View,  which  we 
kept  till  toward  night  &  by  the  appearance  of  the  Tents  & 
Troops,  French  &  Indians  we  Judged  likely  to  be  about  three 
thousand. 

Their  Situation  Comands  the  passage  at  the  Carrying  place, 
&  (we  tho't)  the  passage  down  Champlain  from  Wood  Creek  to 
Crown  Point. 

Next  day,  the  29*'',  returned  to  our  Canoes  &  found  a  Large 
Indian  Canoe  had  passed  up  the  Lake  with  one  Frenchman,  & 
Ninelndiaift,  who  on  their  return  we  waylayed  on  a  point  of  the 
Lake — they  came  in  reach  of  our  small  arms,  at  whom  we  fired 
about  Forty  Guns.  Disenabled  or  killed  six  of  them,  &  Chased 
the  remaining  four,  but  at  their  Schrieks  three  Indian  Canoes 
came  to  their  relief  which  Prevented  our  bringing  them  in. 

Returned  to  our  Camps  that  night.    Which  is  the  General  in 

formation  we  are  able  to  give,  &  is  humbly  submitted  by 

Your  Honours  most  Obedient  i    <     - ;  ' 

iJ/t       Humble  Servant       ^?  .  :n  ;r   ' 

Robert  Rodgers. 
Sept 291"  1765.  .  ^.^^ 

To  the  Hon*>ie  Joseph  Blanchard  Esq.  Col<>  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire Regt  In  the  Expedition  against  Crown  Pbint. 

May  it  please  your  Honour 

The  foregoing  is  a  report  of  Cap*  Robert  Rodgers,  under  your 
Direction,  sent  with  a  party  to  Toronduroque  to  Reconoitre  that 
post,  which  is  humbly  oflFered  by  ,,,  ^^.,  \ ..,!,.  -.,.  , 

Your  most  humble  servant  , 

Joseph  Blanchard. 
Lake  George  SO*  Sept  1755.  * 

To  the  Hon*'' «  General  Johnson. 

ft*.      '     ' 


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«;  ^       JOURNALS  OF 

,1...'   1  .tl.  ^ 

LIEUT.  LORD'S  REPORT 


Haid  Quarters    Camp  Lake  George  October 

A  Return  of  thepersedings  of  the  Detaichment  of  men  ordered 
on  the  Scout  under  the  Comand  of  Philip  Lord  on  Sunday  the 
4*''  of  October  we  marched  about  Teen  miles  to  the  Eastward  of 
this  incampment  and  so  sent  oute  parties  of  4  and  5  men  to  the 
South  Easte  and  North  Easte  and  so  Conteneued  Begining  as 
sun  as  it  was  Day  Light  for  the  Spase  of  3  Days  and  Returned 
with  oute  making  aney  Discouerey  of  the  Inemy. 

To  Honobio  Gener"  Jonson 


CAPT.  R0D6ERS'  REPORT. 


i 


October  the  7th  1755. 

In  the  Evening  Embarkt  by  order  from  the- Camp  at  Lake 
George  with  a  partey  of  aboute  50  men  To  make  Descouery  of 
the  french  at  Atianderogoe  &  wee  went  by  three  or  four  fires  & 
in  sixteen  miles  sailing  I  mist  pne  Batoe  it  being  Dark  Could 
Not  find  it  went  on  with  the  Rest  of  the  Command  And  aboute 
brake  Day  landed*our  Batoes  on  y*  East  side  of  y«  Lake  Georg 
within  Twelve  miles  of  the  Caring  Place  at  atenderrogo  lay  their 
that  Day  Made  No  Discouery  the  Eighth  Day  at  Evening 
Landed  our  Batoefftod  Boare  towards  Tianderrogoe  &  Descouerd 
a  fire  on  an  Island  put  to  land  &  sent  of  a  burtch  Cannoe  to  see 
whate  was  their  They  that  was  on  y«  Island  Descouerd  ye  Can- 
noe &  Put  oute  their  fires  &  as  we  supposed  went  of  In  their 
Cannoe  then  went  Down  with  ye  Party  within  aboute  7  miles 
of  the  Cereing  place  &  landed  on  a  point  on  ye  west  side  of  y* 
lacke  George  and  Drewe  up  y«  Batoes  and  secuered  them  y*  9^ 
at  morning  sent  off"  Cap*  Putnam  with  one  man  and  Cap*  Hunt 
with  3  men  more  In  order  to  goe  to  y«  Carring  Place  and  Tian- 
derogoc  and  make  Discouerys  their  &  Returne  to  the  Partey  at 


SIR   WM.   JOHNSON'S  SCOUTS. 


363 


Evening  Cap*  Hunt  Come  back  with  Two  men  at  Night  sent  of 
Ens"  Putnam  with  three  men  and  ordered  them  to  make  wliat 
Discouery  they  Could  with  the  Borch  Conew  and  to  goe  to  the 
Cereing  Place  Tarry  their  all  Niglit  and  in  y*  morning  as  soon 
as  it  was  light  to  Come  back  To  their  Command  That  Night 
Discouer*>  Several  fires  on  ye  shoar  of  ye  lake  10">  Day  Sun  half 
an  hour  highe  In  y^  morning  our  burch  Canoe  Come  in  keept 
cute  Small  Scouts  by  laud  and  Good  Guards  for  fear  of  the 
Enemy  Coming  on  our  Backs  y«  Sun  aboute  2  hours  high  then 
came  up  3  burtch  Canoes  Came  by  y«  East  Shore  Came  within 
70  Rods  of  y^  Point  where  wee  were  weel  ambushed  for  them 
they  lay  on  their  oars  for  y«  Best  Part  of  an  oure  23  in  Number 
then  sent  oute  our  burtch  Canoe  to  Decoye  them  up  by  the 
Point  our  Cannoe  went  Pariled  with  them  within  30  Rods  then 
turnd  and  Padeled  Back  up  by  y«  Point  But  they  Did  not  folow 
them  but  turnd  Down  y*  Lake  half  a  mile  and  boar  ouer  to  the 
west  shore  &  their  landed  their  Cannoes  our  Centry  and  small 
Scoutd  Come  in  and  said  they  Discourd  Indians  and  heard  tliem 
talk  Cap*  Putnam  Instantly  Came  back  with  y«  accoimt  y* 
Indians  were  on  our  Backs  wee  found  their  Partey  to  stronge 
for  us  to  Encounter  with  launch<i  our  Batoes  and  sat  homewards 
15  miles  and  lodged  on  an  Island  y«  ll^b  Day  we  arived  at  lake 
georg  the  Incampment  where  wee  tooke  our  Departure  from 

^,  Sir  ;t  yjK|  ui,,  rJ  •:  . 

This  is  the  Most  Correct  account  of  my  agumale  on  my 
Command  till  my  Retume  to  this  Place  this  with  all  the  Reporte 
of  my  Spies  I  sent  oute 

ROBA&T  RODOSRS.      | 

To  the  Honarble  William  Johnson  Esq' 
Commander  in  Chiefe  at  Lake  ('<x>rge    '    :    ^ 
Which  is  presented  from  • .        ..     r.  ..  ;i   ^ 

-  T'  Honnours  Most  obdiont  and  Humble  Servant  i.  a^  ■' 

!ti-i\fiu    -kni.-    .v-4>'_f     tiii"    I'Mrti^     '".ifi   till   '  .•■.   ••i^!  ■■•    I   '  !; 

(Endorsed)  A  Journal  of  Cap*  Rodgers'  Proceedings  with  a 

,,.^1  i    Command  on  Lake  Georg  ,<;  ,,       r-!. ^    o, 

"-  «f'<,i'i    ^  vffi?     ^^"^^^^  the  12  October  1755.      .  .,.»    ,' . ,    ,„.!»,  . 


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SENT   BY   CAPT.    RODGERS   AS   A   SPY  TO  TIONDEROGO. 

Oct'  9»»»  1755.  Then  lift  Cap*  Rogers  upon  a  neck  of  Land 
upon  the  west  side  of  Lake  George  and  Set  out  towards 
tycondorogue  to  see  what  Discoveries  we  Could  make  and  after 
we  had  march<i  about  7  or  8  miles  we  came  upon  a  Large 
Mountain  near  the  Helther  end  of  the  narrows,  and  when  we 
came  there  we  Could  make  no  Discovery  at  all  but  after  sometime 
wee  espyed  three  Barke  Cannoes  Drew  upon  the  Shore  upon  a 
point  of  Land  that  Ran  into  the  Lake,  and  then  wee  espyed  two 
Indians  Comeing  out  of  the  Bushes  toward  the  Cannoes,  after 
water, and  after  sometime  we  espyed  several  french  and  Indians  on 
the  East  side  of  the  Lake  and  soon  after  that  we  heard  the  noise 
of  Cutting,  hewing,  a^^sing,  and  sawing,  as  tho  there  was  a  Large 
Company  of  men  at  work,  and  by  their  talking  and  Laughing 
their  was  amongst  them,  and  then  we  Espyed  about  thirty 
Indians  Came  out  of  the  Bushes  on  the  west  side  of  the  Lake 
on  the  point  within  a  large  musket  shot  of  us,  and  played  a  spell 
on  the  Beach,  and  then  Returned  into  the  Bush,  and  from  the 
point  Eastward,  their  w'as  almost  a  Continual  fireing  and  barking 
of  Doggs  and  talking  so  we  tho^  it  was  not  safe'  to  proceed  to 
Tycondarogue  and  so  Concluded  to  tarry  there  all  knight  and 
see  what  further  Discoveries  wee  Could  make  by  the  fires  in  the 
knight,  and  just  at  the  Dusk  of  the  evening  their  Came  four 
Cannoes  from  t^e  East  and  went  to  the  west  side  of  the  Lake 
and  landed  on  the  point  where  the  others  were  incamped,  and 
Drew  up  their  Cannoes  on  y*  Shore  and  by  this  time  wee  began 
to  Discover  the  fires  on  the  point  and  on  the  East  side  of  the 
Lake,  but  Could  not  Discover  what  number  their  was,  because 
tlie  Bushes  were  so  thick  by  the  Lake  but  as  near  as  we  Conid 
best  Judge  we  tho*  there  was  six  or  seven  hundred  by  the  fires 
and  Guards  set  on  both  sides  the  Lake  and  about  Day  Brake, 
they  mustered  their  men  to  work  and  then  wee  Left  the  mountain 
and  Returned  to  Cap^  Rogers  on  the  point  and  when  we  Came 
within  sixty  or  seventy  Rods  of  the  point  we  Espyed  thirteen 
Indians  pass  by  within  ten  Rods  of  us,  towards  the  point  where 


SIR   WM.   JOHNSON'S   SCOUTS. 


265 


we  left  Cap*.  Rogers,  and  after  they  had  passed  by  us,  we  Came 
to  the  poiut  where  we  left  Cap*  Rogers,  and  found  all  well  tliis 
is  the  Chef  of  the  Discovery  arid  best  acovnt  that  I  am  able  to 
gi"«  Israel  Putnam 

To  Cap*  Rodgers 

The  Report  of  Captain  Putnen 
(Endorsed)  Cap*  Pitmans  Report 

who  was  sent  by  Cap*      it  r - 
Rodgers  as  a  Spy  to 


.#: 


Tioudorogo 


T 


: *(',H  *'r>n  )  * 


!« 


t  •  p'\  j  '- 


•:*^ri . 


nu   ?f,  •       deliv<*  12  Oct'.    ">  ''  "*  ''^■*'''  '-'^'  •^''  Vil'n  '  :''< 


REPORT  OF  CAPT.  HUNT. 


Laike  gorge  October  the  9*h  1755. 
Left  Cap*  Rodgers  by  His  orders  to  go  to  tiandrogo  and  the 
Careing  place  and  macke  Discovers  then  and  had  two  men  with 
me  and  Cap*  putnom  went  with  me  with  one  man  moore  and  we 
traveld  Down  the  Laike  gorge  within  two  miles  of  the  Narros  or 
Careing  place  and  se  where  the  friench  were  at  work  one  the 
Eas  Side  of  the  Lake  gorge  and  one  the  west  side  there  was  an 
Eincampment  of  Abovt  one  Hundred  Indlens  A  gainst  the 
friench  Eincampments  and  the  whole  that  wase  one  both  sids 
of  the  Laike  we  Jvde4  to  be  about  7  or  8  Hondred  men  Heard 
the  shoot  sevrel  Gons  and  see  severel  Botos  Drawed  up  By 
ther  Eincampments  Left  Cap*  pvtnum  and  one  man  to  geo  to 
tiandrogo  and  Retvrned  to  Aqvaint  ovr  Comand  of  what  Disco- 
verey  we  Had  made  Come  to  them  Abovt  Svn  Downe  this  Is  the 
Clief  that  I  can  say  Consernin  the  Discovereys  that  I  made  who 


is  Sir  yovr  Hvmbl  Servent 

To  Cap*  Rodgers  '  ; 

(Endorsed)  Report  of  Cap*  Hunt 

sent  as  a  spy  to 

Tionderogo  by  Cap*       '«*" 

Rodgers 

deljvd  12  Oct»'.  1755 


Samll  Hunt 


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JOURNALS  OF 


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REPORT  OF  ENSIGNE  PUTNAM. 

•  k1  i.ii'  October  the  9ti>  1755. 


I  left  Capten  Rodgers  by  His  ord^  to  geo  in  the  Borch  Conow 
to  make  Discovereys  of  the  fre  at  the  Careying  place  or  wliair 
they  freiencli  Incanipments  was  and  took  three  men  with  me 
wen  abovt  5  or  6  miles  downe  the  Laike  and  discovred  severel 
fiers  one  the  wes  side  of  the  Laike  one  a  point  and  went  within 
twenty  Rods  of  the  fers  and  see  the  men  by  the  fiers  and  thee 
Espeyed  our  Conoo  and  made  Ratling  Atho  thee  ware  pvting 
ovt  after  us  we  mad  ove  to  the  East  shore  and  Lay  one  ovr  ors 
for  some  time  Expecting  the  Enemy  bvt  None  followed  then 
went  Downe  by  there  fiers  abovt  one  Quarter  of  A  mile  and  see 
a  Lardge  in  Campment  on  the  East  Side  of  Abovt  A  thovsand 
men  as  we  Jvdged  they  spred  one  the  Laike  for  Half  A  mile 
and  we  Come  back  twoards  ovr  Comand  one  mile  and  went  into 
A  Coue  and  Lay  till  Brak  of  Day  and  went  Downe  within  Half 
A  mile  of  the  fiers  and  them  friesh  and  then  returned  to  Ovr 
Comand  whear  we  found  all  well  this  is  the  chefe  that  I  can  say 
Consaming  ovr  Discovery  Timothy  Pvtnvm. 

Laike  Gorge  to  Capten  Rodgers      ,t  -     -ii  } 


.vr 


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V'>   ;^^'>r^>-^tJ;l 


^.   REPORTS  OF  JOHN  TAPLIN  AND  HENRY  BABCOCK. 

'47  -rMi,  Lake  Gorge  October  the  10  1755 

I  marched  from  this  place  with  fifty  men  and  marched  a  Bout 
fiue  or  six  mils  to  the  South  East  and  in  Camped  and  sent  out 
Scouts  toward  the  South  Bay  and  toward  wood  Crik  and  we 
mad  No  descouery  of  any  Eanmy  and  Retorned  Home  this  Day 
October  the  13.  John  Taplin. 

Lake  George  Octo'  13,  1755 
A  Report  of  the  Scout  of  the  West  Side  of  the  Lake — Went 
out  the  10*h  Instant  with  50  men  reconnoitred  the  Woods  about 
10  or  12  miles  from  the  Camp,  discovered  no  Enemy,  returned 
to  the  Camp  the  13ti>. 

P'  HENKy  Babcock  Cap'  of  the  Scout, 


SIR  WM.  .rOHNSON  S  SCOUTS. 


CAPT  SYMS'  REPORT. 


267 


i-V 


We  are  now  Incamped  about  three  miles  from  you  imedeately 
on  our  coming  here  we  sent  out  two  Scouts,  both  came  in  and 
did  not  discover  any  thing  towards  Evening  I  posted  Century 
out  one  of  w>>  was  shot  and  scalp"!  a  hatched  tvasleftin  his  head, 
Shall  be  glad  to  receive  your  farther  orders  some  of  my  men 
seem  frightened  and  fear  some  wiU  run  off  to  night  as  they  seem 
much  frightened    I  am 

Sir  .■'■'.-■■'■ 

,;/,;,,,  ,, ,,  your  most  humble  sejvant 

WILLIAM  SYMS 

I  shall  stay  in  this  Place  till  I  receive  your  farther  orders. 
I  believe  some  fresh  hands  would  be  necessary. 
ToGeneral  Johnson  -   '  ,      r     f^i   i;       -t 

at  Lake  George      .;.<,,''    t        -    ,10 


K. 


1    WM     i.jifi  t 


'.  J' I", 


Ju-*;*- 


REPORT  OP  LIEUT.  FONDA. 


■■[  :'f 


■■,;-\  i>-4' 


,    Camp  at  Lake  George  14  Oct'  1755 

A  Report  of  the  Scout  under  my  Command  being  in  Number 
1  Sergint  and  12  Men — Agreeable  to  orders  Came  op  first  with 
the  party  Commanded  by  Lut :  Van  Schaick  who  was  on  the 
return  back  to  this  Camp  and  asked  the  Reason  why  they  re- 
turned so  soon  or  why  they  had  not  proceded  as  an  accident  had 
happened  to  one  of  their  men  he  sayd  he  was  sick  and  unfit  to 
proced  on  which  I  left  him  and  Came  up  with  the  party  Com- 
manded by  Captn  SyHiS,  who  was  waiting  for  orders  on  which  I 
then  gave  him  the  orders  I  Received  from  gen"  Johnson  Aid  De 
Camp  to  March  forward  upon  which  all  Excepting  all  to  Refused 
to  proced  and  then  I  asked  my  party  to  go  and  take  their 
Blanketts  and  provisions  which  they  Denied  Except  with  their 
own  Officers  and  I  then  Called  and  said  all  you  that  are  Cowards 
Come  and  He  take  y  names  Down  and  they  Come  so  thick  that 
I  Could  see  But  10  or  12  Left  of  the  whole  party  &  they  mostly 


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\  I 


tun 


Consisting  of  New  Yorkers  and  tlieni  asked  the  Commander  what 
he  woud  do  or  whether  he  understood  me  that  he  was  to  go 
forword  lie  said  he  believed  he  would  Come  back  and  so  we  re- 
turned to  this  Camp 

3ZLLEB  FOKDA 


unftfrn'-^^-iUW'  ■Jrfji^*' 


CAPT.  SIMS'  REPORT. 


Monday  y«  IS***  Instant  Set  out  from  y«  Camps  about  2,  o'the 
Clock  in  y«  afternton  upQU  Com*'  with  Fifty  men  under  my 
Command  Trtivild  about  three  miles  upon  y«  West  of  ye  Lake 
and  stent  out  3  Scouts  according  to  orders  ;  and  Encamp^  2  of 
■which  Performed  their  orders  and  returned  without  any  Disco- 
very, But  thro'  mistake  the  officer  that  was  ordered.  \ir  'to  send 
yo  North  Scout,  sett  only  a  Centery,  who  was  P.^  ?;^ar  45 
Rods  from  y®  Encamp*  and  about  half  an  Hour  ai  "  -  jset  lie 
was  fired  upon  as  near  as  We  could  Judge  by  a  Scout  from  y« 
Enemy  Consisting  of  four  or  five  Indians,  upon  which  I  ordered 
all  to  arms  and  to  proceed  with  all  speed  to  y*  Place  where  ye 
fire  was  and  when  I  got  there  to  my  astonishm^  I  liad  but  about 
15  men  with  me,  I  Looked  Back  and  they  Cried  out  for  Gods 
sake  call  us  all  togeather  or  we  shall  be  cut  off,  upon  which  I 
order'd  them  to  spread  and  march  in  a  half  moon  in  order  to 
Discover  y*  Ennemy  or  y*  occation  of  y*  Fire  and  without 
Further  Discovery  But  y*  Loss  of  all  Except  about  six  or  seven 
Living  men  which  was  with  me  and  my  Lieuten*  Then  Returned 
and  upon  our  Return  found  y«  Centery  kill'd  &  sculp'd  Took 
him  Down  to  y*  Camp  and  there  found  y"  Rest  of  my  men  In 
Great  Distress  Tying  up  their  Packs ;  upon  which  I  Doubled  y" 
Guards  and  ordered  all  to  stand  their  Ground  upon  their  Perril 
where  I  with  Difficulty  kept  them  Till  Furth'  orders  from  your 
Hon'  upon  y«  Receipt  of  whicli  I  cduld  Prevail  upon  but  13 
men  to  Proceed  Further  and  therefore  Judged  Best  and  most 
advisable  to  retume  and  Report  y  Occation  of  my  not  Proceed- 
ing y«  Scout  out  as  I  have  Particularly  Informed  your  Hon' 
Worthy  S*  I  now  stand  ready  upon  all  orders  to  Pursue  your 


On  the  f( 
Bm-ch  Cano( 
with  Four  M 
ed  on  the  we 


SIR   \VM.    JOHNSON'S    SCOUTS. 


209 


Comm^'  to  a  Tittle  upon  my  Part,  Provided  I  can  h^yp  such 
materials  as  are  fit  for  y«  Purpose,  and  When  Ever  J  fail  Lett 
me  be  stigmatized  I  Remain  Your  Hon"  Mo$t  Dutifjil  and  Ob* 
Hum'''*  Serv* 


Camp  at  Lake  George 

Octob'  22<»  1755. 
To  the  Honnorble  Will«»  Johnson  Esq 

Lent*  Gen"  of  y«  Army  at  Lake  George 


W"  Symes. 


REPORT  OF  CAPT.  RODGERS'  AND  CO'S  SCOUT. 


!l.f 


On  the  fourteenth  Day  of  October  1755  I  Embafked  in  » 
Burch  Canoe  at  the  Camps  on  the  South  End  of  Lake  George 
with  Four  Men  beside  my  self  &  sailed  twenty  five  miles  &  Land 
ed  on  the  west  side  of  the  Lake  then  Traveled  by  Land  and  on 
the  Eighteenth  Day  I  arived  on  the  Mountain  on  the  West  side 
of  Crown  point  there  I  lay  that  Night  and  all  the  next  Day  and 
observed  the  Enemys  motions  there  &  about  Crown  point  ^d 
observed  Ambuseers  Built  upon  the  Mount  about  Thirty  Rods 
To  the  Southwest  of  Crown  point  fort  in  the  Evening  went  Down 
To  the  Houses  that  was  built  upon  the  lake  to  the  South  of 
Crown  point  &  went  Into  a  barn  that  was  well  fllld  with  whe^ 
&  left  three  men  &  proceeded  with  one  man  To  make  further 
Disooverys  at  the  fort  and  found  a  good  place  To  ambush  withjjn 
Sixty  Rods  of  the  fort  &  Imediatly  went  back  &  took  our  part- 
ners &  ambushd  at  the  proper  place  we  had  found  <&.  there  yr,^ 
lay  Till  about  Ten  of  the  Clock  &  observed  several  Canoes  pass- 
ing up  &  Down  the  Lake  &  sundry  men  that  went  out  To  work 
about  their  Secular  affairs  &  Judged  the  whole  that  was  in  the 
fort  to  be  about  five  Hundred  at  length  a  french  man  C^me  out 
of  the  fort  Towards  us  without  his  Gun  &  Came  within  fifteen 
Rods  of  where  we  lay  then  I  with  another  man  Jlun  up  to  him 
In  order  to  Captivate  him — But  he  Refused  To  Take  Quarter  so 
we  killjd  him  and  Took  of  his  Scalp  in  plain  sight  of  the  fort 
then  Run  and  in  plain  veiw  about  Twenty  Rods  &  made  our 


* 


270 


JOU&NALS    OF 


.V 


n'% 


(I:     »>«  . 


ft 


Escape  the  same  Night  we  Came  Right  West  of  Tianaiago  about 
three  Miles  and  upon  a  Mountain  in  plain  sight  of  their  fort  & 
see  large  Incampments  Round  it  &  heard  a  vast  number  of  smal 
arms  fired  Judged  there  To  be  Two  Thousand  men  at  Tianarago 
&  on  the  Twenty  first  Day  Got  To  Our  Canoes  about  Eight  of 
the  Clock  in  the  Morning  &  found  all  safe  &  about  Nine  of  the 
Clock  in  the  Evening  Arived  all  well  at  our  Encampments 
where  we  set  out. 

The  above  account  is  the  Cheif  Discovery  that  we  made  at 
Crown  point  &  Tianaragoe. 
To  the  Honourable  William  John- 
son Esq*"  'Commander  in  Cheif  of 
the  Forces  at  Lake  George  this 
presented  By  Your  Honours  Most 
Humble  Serv* 

(Endorsed)    Cap*  Rodgers  &  C"«  Ace*  of  Scout 
to  Crown  Point 
rec'd  22  Octo'  1755 


Robert  Rodgers 
Jonathan  Butterfield 
Israel  Putnam 


CAPT.  DOLITTLFS  JOURNAL  OF  HIS  SCOUT  TO  TIONDOROGO. 

Octob'  24*'>  1755  after  a  tedias  march  over  hiUs  and  holeS  we 
Indeavoured  to  Disscover  y«  french  on  this  side  of  y*  Carrying 
Place  but  Could  not  hear  any  of  y«  Choping  or  Shooting  or  Drum- 
ing  we  went  Down  To  y«  Lake  but  Could  not  Disscover  them 
Then  we  Proceeded  farther  To  Tiondaroga  where  we  had  a  fare 
View  of  y*  french  a  little  before  son  set  They  ware  at  work 
Clearing  of  Land  and  Choping  of  Timber  they  have  Cleared  a 
Pint  of  Land  that  Looks  East  a  Cross  the  Water  that  Runs  from 
Lake  George  and  y«  South  Bay  which  is  To  appearance  but  littlt 
more  than  Quarter  of  a  Mile  a  Cross  they  have  built  no  fort  as  I 
could  Disscerne  neither  have  they  any  Great  Guns  that  I  could 
see  we  Lay  aU  night  within  about  a  mile  of  them  saw  them  Light 
up  y«  fires  and  Beat  y*  Drums  there  appears  to  be  about  150 
Tents  some  small  Boarded  Housen  there  may  [be]  about  100  men  as 
near  as  I  Can  Gess  we  Design**  to  view  y™  y*  next  morning  but 


SIR  WM.  Johnson's  scouts. 


271 


was  Prevented  by  ye  snow  filling  y«  are  we  then  Proceeded  Back 
on  y"  35*"  to  Disscover  y«  french  on  this  side  y«  Carring  Place 
if  Possable  we  went  to  the  Lake  but  not  near  y™  but  Dissern  y« 
Buildings  but  could  not  Disscover  y*  strength  nor  numbers  but 
gaff  that  it  was  on  y«  west  side  of  y«  Lake  at  a  verey  Narrow 
Place  y«  next  morning  we  Determine  to  make  larther  Disscovercy 
but  was  Prevented  by  a  thick  fogg  our  Provision  being  spent 
Could  tarrey  ho  Longer  God  knows  wheather  Ever  we  Get  home 
if  we  Do  I  would  Humbly  Present  these  fow  Lines  to  Geni  Wm. 
Johnson 
Becd 28th Oct.  1755.  ;   .    r-  ».i 


CAPT.  REED'S  REPORT. 


26  ot  October  1755  in  obedience  to  my  orders  I  rr.arched  with 
50  men  5  or  6  miles  North  Est  from  this  Camp  made  no 
Discouery  of  Any  Enemy  and  Set  out  Sentreys  and  in  camped. 

27  Day  Sent  out  a  Scout  of  4  men  About  Day  Brake  and 
Sundery  more  Scouts  after  them  the  furst  Scout  Did  not  Return 
whilst  2  of  the  clock  in  the  afternoon  and  thay  said  that  thay 
Descoured  A  path  whare  thay  thought  the  Enemy  had  pest  gon 
A  Long  towards  wood  Crick. 

28  Jest  as  the  Day  Brock  I  went  out  with  4  men  and  trauiled 
2  or  3  miles  North  Est  and  Came  to  a  Camp  which  Looked  varey 
New  and  Judged  to  be  made  by  the  Enemey  and  we  went  in  and 
thare  fier  was  not  all  out  But  we  Judged  that  they  had  begon  2 
ouers  or  more  and  they  trauiled  Right  North  and  maid  A  Larg 
Road  then  I  Returned  to  our  Camp  and  sent  out  a  Scout  of  10 
men  which  folowred  that  Road  3  miels  and  then  thay  Could  Not 
folow  No  futher  for  the  Enemey  Scatrad  so  that  thay  could  not 
tel  which  way  they  went  and  then  thay  Returned  to  the  Camp 
our  other  Scouts  mad  no  Descovery. 

29  Day  Send  out  Sundery  Scouts  which  mad  No  Discovery 
of  Any  Enemey  and  then  we  all  marched  for  this  Camp  and  on 
our  Return  made  no  Descovery  of  any  Enemey  Nor  No  New 
sins.  "   '*"•  James  Heed  Cap*.    ' 


.{-:' 


.'kl 

'4 

.    if 

..■    '^    A 


-    »'•; 


\A 


i* 

* 

.   1   >.    . 

'■.'iA  . 

272 


JOURNALS  OF 


REPORT  OP  CAPT.  RODGERS  &  CO. 


OF  THEIR  SKIRMISH   WITH  THE  ENEMYS  ADVANCED  GUARD. 

May  it  Please  your  Honour 

Pursuant  to  your  Orders  of  y«  29th  of  October  Last  I  set 

oflF  with  y«  Party  to  me  ordered  and  Went  Down  ye  Iqj^^ 

and  ye  31  •*  made  a  Discovy  of  a  nomber  of  fires  By  night 

Scituated  on  a  Point  of  Land  on  y®  West  Side  of  ye  Late 

upon  Which  we  Landed  and  Secured  our  Battoes  upon  ye 

Same  Side  of  ye  Lake  about  a  mile  &  half  Distance  from  their 

Encampment,  Next  morning  Sent  out  Spies  for  further  Discovery 

in  y*  Evening  Capt  Fletcher  one  of  y«  Spies  retum'd  Leaving  2 

of  y^  Spies  there,  and  made  Report  y*  there  was  four  Tents  and 

Sundry  Small  fires  on  S*>  Point,  and  upon  yt  after  Consultation 

it  was  Concluded  advisable  to  acquaint  your  Honour  of  our 

Discovery  and  Reinforce  us  if  you  thought  advisable  in  order  to 

Proceed  further  and  Make  a  Push  upon  our  Enemy,  accordingly 

Cap*  Fletcher  was  Dispatch**  to  you  with  Six  men  in  ye  Battoe 

and  Six  being  •  eturn'd  as  Invaleeds  Leving  me  with  nineteen 

men  only,  but  being  un  Easie  with  the  Report,  I  took  a  Battoe 

with  5  men  and  went  Down  within  25  Rods  of  their  Fires 

Discovered  a  Small  Fort  with  Several  SmaU  Log  Camps  witliin 

y«  Fort  which  I  Judged  to  Contain  about  J  of  an  acre  Said  Fort 

being  open  towards  y«  Water  The  rest  Picketted.    Made  no 

further  Discovery  there  and  Returnd  to  My  Party,  found  all 

weU  except  Cap*  Putnam  and  ye  Spie  with  him,  who  was  not 

returned,  The  next  Morning  about  10  o  the  Clock  Cap*  Putnam 

return'd  and  y«  Spie  with  him  who  Gave  much  the  Same  ace*  as 

above  Saving  y'  y"  Enemies  Centrys  was  sett  20  Ilods  from  y 

Fires  and  for  a  more  Crittical  examination   of  y*  Enemies 

Proceedings  he  went  forward  till  he  Came  so  nigh  y*  he  was 

fired  upon  by  one  of  y«  Centeries  within  a  Rod  of  Him,  But 

unfortunately  upon  Preparing  to  Fire  upon  him  fell  into  a  Clay 

Pit  and  wett  his  Gun  made  y^  Best  retreat  he  was  able,  hearing 

y«  iEnemy  Close  to  their  Heels,  yy  made  a  Tack  &  Luckely 

escap>i  Safe  to  our  Party,  Soon  after  there  was  a  Discovery  made 

of  two  Frenchmen  upon  a  Hill  a  Small  Distance,  who  Called  to 

us,  said  Hill  overlooked  our  ambush,  in  a  few  minutes  they 

retreated,  and  Two  Canoes  appeared  and  went  by  us  &  Lay  in 


siu  WILLIAM  Johnson's  scouts. 


ii9 


ye  middle  of  y«  Lake  about  40  Rods  Distance  from  Each  other^ 
Finding  by  y*  Behaviour,  there  was  a  Party  Coining  by  Land 
yt  we  must  inevitably  be  between  2  Fires. 

Upon  Which  I  ordered  Two  Battoes  into  y®  Water  Leu'  Grant 
with  6  men,  and  I  went  into  y"  other  with  6  more  &  Put  on 
Board  Each  a  Wall  peice  and  Went  out  towards  y«  Canoes,  who 
seemed  to  Ly  upon  their  Paddles  as  tho'  they  had  a  Design  to 
Decoy  us  into  some  mischief  by  their  Party  y*  was  Designed  to 
Surround  our  People  on  Shore,  and  the.  attack  us  by  keeping 
us  between  y™  an  their  Land  party  finds  there  Designe  attack- 
ed them  first  put  y™  to  y«  Rout  and  surprised  so  y*  they  made 
to  y«  shore  Where  Cap»  Putnam  with  y*  rest  of  our  Party  Lay, 
but  unhappy  to  y«»  he  was  Prepared  for  ym  shot  and  kill'd  y' 
Cockson;  and  by  our  Wall  Peices  &c;  kill'd  Dh^ers  of  y"  Butt 
uoon  his  fireing  upon  y  Canoe,  Immeadiatly  y«  Enemy  Upon 
that  was  upon  his  Back  fired  upon  and  had  but  Just  time  to 
Shove  his  Battoe  into  y«  Water,  and  Gett  into  Before  y"  Enemy 
appeared  upon  ye  Waters  Edge  and  Made  a  Brisk  fire  upon  him 
Shot  Thro'  his  Blanket  in  Divers  Places,  and  thro'  y«  Battoe 
and  then  made  to  our  Battoes  for  refuge,  upon  his  Escape  we 
.pursued  y«  Cannoes  with  a  constant  fire  upon  them  till  we  came 
within  Eighty  Rods  of  y'  fires,  Discovered  a  nomber  of  men 
upon  Each  Side  of  y«  shore  within  about  40  Rods  of  us  Gave 
yn  Each  a  Broad  side  which  put  y™  to  y«  Bush,  and  Gave  us  a 
Clear  Passage  Homewards  and  after  we  Got  fairly  into  ye  Lake  Lay 
upon  Our  Oars  and  Inquired  after  the  Circomstances  of  y«  Party 
Found  none  killed,  but  one  Wounded  which  Gave  Joy  to  all  of  us 
after  so  Long  an  Engagement  which  I  Judge  was  near  2  Hours  &c: 

And  Then  we  made  y«  Best  of  our  Way  to  oUr  Head  quarters 
about  half  Way,  We  met  With  y«  Reinforcem* — But  upon  Con- 
sultation, Thought  Best  to  report  What  had  happend  Without 
further  proceeding,  and  accordingly  arrived  here  to  y«  En- 
campm»  y*  Z^  Instant— All  which  is  Hum  Submitted  by  your 
Dutyfull  Servt*.  -i. «  .  Robert  Rodgers 

Camp  at  Lake  George  Nov  3d  1755.  Israel  Putnam 

(Endorsed)    Report  of  Cap' Rodgers  &Co     Noah  Grant.      .; 
of  their  Skirmish  with  the 
Enemys  advanced  Guard 
reced  3  Nov' 1755 

Vol.  IV.  18  . 


.T«, 


,.  .     ^?    V         ■-  -  ■■■'   i- 


1     iP'-if 


4-':r 


'V-hi^ 


«,: 


- 


\ 


i 

i 


•1 


'A      f' 


-n 


\\ 


274 


JOURNALS  01 


\  REPORT  OF  CAPT.  BILLING. 

Lake  George  Nov'  y«  2 1755 
I  y«  subscriber  Beeing  ordered  With  a  number  of  men  to  Go 
Near  y"  Narrows  to  Join  Cap'  Rogers  and  his  men  but  on  my 
way  their  I  met  Cap*  Rogers  Returning  home  he  Beejing  Dis- 
couer'd  by  a  Party  of  the  Enemy  &  attacked  &  thought  Best  to 
Return  to  y^  Camp  &  I*  also  Returned  Back  With  him  by  his 
Desire. 

Roger  Billing  Capt. 


REPORT  OF  CAPT  AN6ELL 


'  *>  . 


I  #'«■■■ 


Camp  Lake  George  Novem^'  3  :  1755. 

Repott  of  my  Procedings  on  a  Scout  Towards  Tenondorogo. 

So  according  to  your  Orders  of  the  31  of  Oct'  liast  I  put  of 
from  the  Camp  in  the  Evening  of  the  same  Day  about  four  miles 
Down  the  Lake  I  saw  a  fier  on  the  West  Shoar  and  went  Nigh 
(o  it  being  Informed  by  the  people  With  me  that  Our  Scouts 
Commonly  made  fiers  Near  tliat  place  I  Proceeded  about  Seven 
Miles  from  hear  I  saw  a  fier  on  the  East  Side  on  a  Neck  of  Low 
Land  and  passed  it  at  sum  Distance  about  fourteen  Miles 
from  hear  I  saw  a  fier  on  the  West  Shoar  Which  I  passed  at  two 
or  three  miles  Distance  So  Proceeded  Down  the  Lake  tel  about 
four  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  Wind  Blew  fresh  and  Rained  and 
was  very  Dark  I  being  unserten  how  far  Wee  had  got  Down  the 
Lake  put  on  Shoar  halFd  up  the  Canoe  and  staid  til  morning  then 
found  that  we  had  not  got  Within  Seven  or  Eight  Miles  of  the 
Narrows  Concluded  to  travel  that  Day  by  Land  accordingly  at 
Eight  o'clock  I  satt  out  Lent  Waterbery  and  one  man  more  and 
Left  two  men  with  the  Canoe  Wee  Traveled  til  Past  Noon  along 
the  sides  of  Mountains  allmost  Impasable  and  got  on  the  top  of 
a  very  high  Mountain  Where  I  had  a  fine  Prospect  of  this  Lake 
and^f  the  Mountains  on  Champlaine  I  judged  Wee  had  got  about 


keeping  fire 
couer  our  S 
Day  time  th 
taking  Ever 
to  Return 
Biscouered 
another  Da 
where  I  arri 


SIR  WM.  Johnson's  scouts. 


275 


fife  miles  by  four  hours  hard  traveling  I  allso  thought  I  could 
gee  all  (torn  their  by  the  Looks  of  the  Land  Within  a  Little  Ways 
of  the  Narrows  and  Judged  I  Could  see  aney  advantagous 
ground  this  side  the  Narrows  Where  tlie  Enemy  Would  bo  likely 
to  post  their  Guard  I  could  see  no  Smoak  only  at  a  great  Distance 
towards  Champlain  Which  I  Judged  the  Products  of  the  Camp 
at  Carelon  finding  the  Mountains  so  Bad  to  pass  Concluded  to 
Return  to  the  Canoe  and  go  Down  the  Lake  that  Night  about 
Eight  miles  if  I  Did  not  Discouer  aney  Enemy  Soner  acordingly 
I  (Ud  and  at  Dark  Lanched  the  Canoe  and  Proceded  it  Rained 
and  Was  very  Dark  so  I  could  have  seen  aney  Light  a  great  Dis- 
tance wee  padled  Down  the  Lake  about  three  hours  got  where 
the  Lake  was  very  Narrow  Could  Discouer  no  Light  Judged 
I  had  got  Sy  where  the  party  was  posted  acording  to  what 
information  I  had  had  Looked  at  it  not  Safe  to  Land  there  that 
Night  as  it  was  so  NAi*  the  Enemys  Camp  knowing  Capt  Rogers 
had  been  thar  a  Day  or  two  before  and  that  Likely  he  Might 
have  alarmed  them  and  that  by  that  means  they  Might  auoyd 
keeping  fires  in  Order  to  Lay  in  Wate  for  an  opurtunity  to  Dis- 
couer our  Spies  I  Judged  that  If  I  should  be  Discouered  in  the 
Day  time  that  it  was  more  than  an  Equil  Chance  to  be  taken  So 
taking  Every  Circumstance  into  Consideration  Looked  at  itBeter 
to  Return  unsuccessfuU  then  to  Run  So  Big  Risk  of  being 
Discouered  as  I  Looked  at  it  I  must  Land  there  and  stay 
a  nother  Day  about  ten  0  Clock  that  Night  Sett  out  for  hoome 
where  I  arrived  about  12  0  Clock  the  next  Day  all  Well 

Sam  Angell. 
To  Major  Gener  Johnson  ^,  > 


(Endorsed)    Lake  George  Nov  3. 1755 
Cap*  AngeUs  Letter 


•./.), 


VfOf^^M  MT  fi'i'fTiohtui) 


*'Vi     / 


'/.^.r'-'iri 


.■> 


''!'  U 


^    I 


m 


'■•k-4    '- 


I    :♦!» 


276 


JOURNALS  OF 


THE  REPORT  OP  JAMES  CONNOR 

OF  COL.  C0CKCR0FT8  REG*  WHO  WENT  IN  A  BATTOE  WITH  5  MEN 
MORE  TO  DISCOVER  THE  POSTURE  OF  THE  ENEMYS  ADVANCED 
GUARD  ON   LAKE   GEORGE. 

Parted  from  the  Camp  5  Nov'  in  the  Evening  &  lay  by  near 
tlie  mouth  of  the  first  narrow  that  night — All  next  day  lay  still 
till  Evening  ab*  7  a  Clock,  then  went  on  &  ab*  10  discovered  one 
of  the  Enemys  advanced  Fires  on  the  East  shore,  proceeded  & 
came  in  between  2  of  their  Flank  Fires,  then  went  in  upon  their 
main  Fire  &  discovered  them  relelving  their  Sentrys  w''  were  5 
in  number  then  returned  about  4  miles  in  the  middle  of  the  Lake, 
put  in  on  the  East  Shear  into  a  little  Creek  &  lay  there  that  night 

The  7  Inst  in  the  Morning  he  &  two  men  went  by  Land  & 

concealed  themselves  in  some  Spruce  Shrubs  where  the  Enemy 

had  been  felling  some  Timber  ab*  5  Rod  from  the  Lake  side  weh 

is  there  about  300  yards  wide,  saw  the  Aiemy  come  down  to 

the  West  side  of  the  Lake  &  carry  away  some  Timber  w^h  lay 

there  floating  &  carried  it  up  to  their  Encamp*  upon  handspikes, 

heard  Workmen  Chopping  &  hamering.    Saw  the  Guards  from 

the  Two  Advanced  Fires  upon  the  Lake  side,  come  in,  in  Two 

Birch  Canoes,  each  of  w^i*  contained  12  or  13  mer.    Saw  no 

Indians,    discovered  a  Breast  work  round  their  Incamp*  with 

pickets  put  up  like  ours  here,  &  several  Log  houses  within  it  & 

suppose  there  may  be  between  150  or  160  men  there,  lay  there 

til  it  began  to  rain  hard  &  the  Enemy  left  ofif  working  w^^  ju^jg^ 

was  between  lO&ll  a  Clock  yesterday  morning,  then  came 

away  &  joined  the  other  men  at  the  Battoe  lays  still  till  about 

12  a  Clock  at  night,  then  set  oflf  for  this  Camp,  about  3  this 

morning  struck  up  a  little  fire  upon  a  small  Island  ab*  20  miles 

from  hence  about  half  an  hour  afterwards  heard  a  whooping  of 

Indians  on  the  East  side  of  the  Lake  kept  a  strict  watch  till  Day 

break  when  the  whooping  was  repeated  more  str-only,  then  set 

off  in  the  Battoe  homewards  &  made  no  further  Discoveries. 

Camp  at  Lake  George  8  Nov  Afternoon  taken  by  me 

Peter  Wraxall 
(Endorsed)  The  Report  of  James  Connor 

fr      relating  to  the  Enemys 

Advanced  Guard. 


;N 


SIR  WM.    JOHNSOir's   SCOUTS. 


277 


I  i 


A  REPORT  OF   THE  SCOUT    TO'  THE.N.'  E.    OF  TfflS 

INCAMPMENT. 

Camp  at  Lake  George  8'h  Nov'  1765 
Having  according  to  Orders  Gone  the  Distance  w"*  we  Reach'd: 
the  6*''  sent  out  Two  Scouts  Imediately  one  for  South  Bay  the 
other  for  wood  Crick,  the  one  that  went  to  wood  Crick  returnd 
the  same  Evening  and  acquainted  me  they  had  Discoverd  Newly 
beating  Tracts  to  the  s^  w**  upon  w**  on  the  7">  at  day  break 
sent  lour  y«  same  way  to  reach  tlie  falls  of  wood  Creek  But 
being  a  Rainy  day  &  having  no  Compass  within  they  went  about 
S  E  as  nigh  as  I  can  judge  from  their  Information,  and  In  the 
Close  of  the  Evening  Came  up  with  a  Tract  Just  Trod  which 
they  Immediately  follow'd  :  &  not  Lonii;  before  they  discoverd 
tae  Rise  of  a  smoke  from  a  small  hutt  on  the  side  of  a  hill,  they 
made  a  halt  &  Concluded  to  send  one  forwarded  to  make  what 
discoverys  he  Cou'd  (the  other  lay  in  ambush  ab*  30  rod  oflf )  on 
his  Coming  near  he  Discovered  Seven  Nigh  the  fire  Three 
french  and  four  Indians.  On  w**  he  returned  to  his  party  and 
Acquainted  them  of  their  Numbers,  upon  vf^  they  Concluded 
that  as  soon  as  it  was  Dark  to  go  &  attack  'em  :  in  the  mean 
Time  the  person  that  Had  made  the  discovery  went  &  Lay  to 
watch  'em  to  see  if  they  sett  any  Sentrys  :  he  had  not  sett  Long 
before  it  Grew  Dark :  and  he  Discoverd  four  of  'em  Come'g 
within  a  Rod  or  Two  of  him,  &  having  a  Great  Cold  Could  not 
refrain  Coughing :  w**  he  did  at  the  Time,  with  his  hand  to  his 
mouth  as  the  first  of  the  four  Came  across  him  :  upon  w>>  he 
thinking  they  had  discoverd  him,  He  fires  on  him  &  he  Dropt  & 
Scremd  out  Bitterly  he  Imediately  made  to  the  party  &  they 
went  of  from  the  place  &  retum'd  to  me  this  morning  at  Ten 
0  Clock ;  the  Scout  that  went  to  South  Bay  having  reached  it, 
Stay'd  some  Time  To  make  what  Discovery  they  Coud.  But 
returned  not  having  Discoverd  anything — Nothing  more  that's 
material  has  happeu'd 

r,  V  ..'1         Mich**  Thodby. 


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JOURNALS  Oy 


THE  REPORT  [OF]  HENDRICK  &  NICKLA8 


TWO   MOHAWK   INDS   MADE;  WHO    WKNT    UPON  A  DISCOVERY  TOWARM 
CROWN   POINT   TIONDAROG    &C. 

1755.  Nov''  2''.  Encamped  upon  alurge  Mountuin  near  the  Lake- 
s'*. Still  keeping  to  the  westwaid  of  Lake  George  along  the 
mountains,  and  eucaiiipcd  upon  a  mountain  calld  Tekaghwean- 
garaneghton,  heard  firing  in  the  Woods  but  could  not  come  up 
with  any  Parties  tho  came  upon  several  Tracksj  imagining  to  b« 
hunting  Parties. 

4  •■.  Discovered  a  French  Guard  of  abt:  30  or  40  men  who 
had  two  Hutts  upon  a  Point  of  the  Lake,  they  look'd  for  a  place 
of  Ambush  and  encamped  so  near  the  Guard  that  they  heard 
them  speak; 
6^.  Laid  still  trying  to  get  a  scalp  * 

B'^.  Went  to  the  Road  wliich  goes  along  the  Water  side 
towards  Tiyondaroga  In  Order  to  get  a  scal^but  no  Body  pass'd 
and  they  returned,  and  built  up  a  small  fire  some  Distance  from 
tiiat  Guard,  at  night  observd  the  fires  of  an  Encampment  so 
bright  that  it  appeard  to  them  like  Day. 

IK  In  the  Morning  resolvd  to  discover  the  Encampment 
nearer  accordingly  they  went,  and  found  it  to  their  surpriz  and 
amazement  so  large  that  they  never  seen  the  like  and  the 
Encamp'  at  this  Lake  was  nothing  in  Comparison  did  not  see 
any  Indians  in  the  Encampm*  returned  to  the  Place  of  Ambush. 
8  ••.  Laid  there  this  Day  for  a  scalp 

9.  Provision  growing  short  resolvd  to  return  and  report  their 
Discovery 

10.  Travelled  back 

11.  In  the  Evening  arrived  at  the  Camp. 


m 


A  REPORT  OF  THE  SCOUTT  TO  THE  EASTWARD. 

Lake  George  IS'h  Nov'  1755. 
having  marcht  ab'  Twenty  five  miles  to  the  Eastw*  of  this 
Camp  being  hinderd  by  the  Rain  from  going  farther,  Sent  Sever- 
all  advanc'd  Scoutts:  But  none  of  us  Disco verd  any  thing 
Nothing  more  has  happen'd.  -  Peiter  Becker 

To  Major  G«n"  Joiinson. 


■iR  WM.  johmbon's  scouts.  379 

REPORT  OF  SERGT.  THOMPSON. 

Serg'  Thompson  of  the  Rhode  Island  reg^  Went  down  the  Lake 
yesterday  with  a  Battoe  &  4  Men  between  6  &  7  a  Clock  in  the 
£veiiing  rowed  ab^  4  hours  came  to  a  little  Island  ab'  8  miles  ofif 
Imlted  struck  up  a  little  Fire  &  eat  some  victuals  wlien  Connor 
in  his  Battoe  joined  them,  then  set  off  &  stopped  at  a  little  Island 
aW  one  Mile  on  this  side  the  first  Narrows,  there  went  ashoar 
&  reconnoitred  it,  thus  went  round  it  twice  in  a  Battoe  by  w^b 
time  it  was  ab*  Sunrise,  thus  supposed  wer  i  discovered  by  the 
Enemy,  for  immediately  a  ,arge  wliite  Fla ;;  was  hoisted  on  a 
point  of  the  Main  Land  on  the  Eatit  side  of  the  Lake  from  hence 
not  above  a  Mile  from  where  we  \-  ore  fu  is  one  of  the  points  of 
Land  w«i>  makes  the  narrows  ',."*»  did  .  ot  seem  to  me  o  be  above 
40  7ard8  wide,  the  Flag  continued  flying  ti;  -ve  were  out  of 
sight.  Connor  thinks  the  Flag  was  7  or  8  Ihks  from  the  Island 
wliere  they  discovered  it. 

They  say  that  to  the  Northward  of  t!  e  s«*  White  Flag,  they 
discovered  a  large  Smoak  w<^>*  appeared  to  be  a  Mile  long. 


m  '^ 


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REPORT  OF  THE  SCOUTS  TO  SOUTH  BAY.     . 

Lake  george  November  y*  15^  1755  then  set  out  a  Scout  with 
two  of  y«  Mohawk  officers  and  two  of  their  Indians  and  three  of 
my  men  went  towards  a  -  S.mth  Bay  to  See  what  Descovery  we 
Could  make  of  an  army  Comming  against  us  and  traveled  about 
East  South  East  til  we  came  where  our  advance  guard  goes  and 
finding  their  Camp^  But  no  body  there  we  Stil  Stered  about  y« 
Same  Course  til  riight  Came  on  &  we  Lookt  out  for  a  Conveniant 
Place  to  Camp  and  there  Campt  y«  Next  morning  we  Sent  out 
three  bcouts  &  when  they  Returned  one  of  tMfein  thought  he  saw 
a  smoak  &  a  nother  heard  a  gun  &  then  we  set  out  toward  where 
they  thought  they  see  the  Smoak  and  heard  y«  gun  and  there 
we  Stopt  and  Sent  out  Scouts  to  see  wliat  Descovery  they  Could 
make  who  Returned  and  made  no  Descovery  tuid  then  we  set 


..1 


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.^rsm-    JOURNAW  OF 


out  about  y«  same  Course  and  traveled  til  Sun  about  one  hour 
high  and  tliere  we  Left  a  party  and  went  to  y*  South  Bay  to  see 
what  Discovery  we  Could  make  and  marcht  about  two  miles 
Down  y*  Bay  &  made  no  Discovery  of  y®  Enimy  that  was  new. 
But  Saw  a  Large  Body  of  Ducks  and  gees  and  then  we  Returned 
to  y«  party  and  Lookt  out  a  Conveniant  place  to  Camp  and  as 
Soon  as  Day  Light  appeard  we  Set  out  to  y*  Bay  again  with  a 
party  to  see  what  Descovery  we  Could  make  and  marcht  Down 
y*  Bay  about  three  miles  and  saw  no  Enimy  but  saw  Large  In- 
campments  where  they  Landed  their  Battos  and  then  we  Returned 
to  ye  party  and  found  all  well  and  then  we  set  out  back  again  to 
y«  Came  house  and  marcht  til  about  Sun  about  one  hour  high 
and  then  we  Came  upon  another  Large  incampment  that  y« 
Enimy  had  maid  and  then  we  marcht  about  half  a  mile  &  Came 
upon  y«  tract  of  four  Enimy  which  wie  supposed  to  be  going  to 
fourt  Edward  and  then  we  marcht  homeward  about  three  miles 
where  we  incampt  that  night  next  morning  we  Set  out  home  to 
our  Camp  and  found  all  well. 

Israel  Putnam  Capt 

Stephen  Soiuyler 
(Endorsed)    Report  of  Cap*  Putnam  &  Comp* 
Scout  to  South  Bay. 


LIEUT.  WATERBURFS  REPORT. 

November  the  15  Day  A  D  1755 
Set  out  on  a  Cout  In  a  Botto  By  his  honers  ordors  Jeneral 
Jonson  his  honers  borders  Was  for  three  Battos  and  twerty  for 
Men  Bot  When  Came  to  Be  Redy  to  Go  one  third  Decliud  to 
proseed  and  So  I  Set  of  With  2  Battos  and  16  men  a  Bout  seuen 
a  Clock  at  Night  and  proseded  til  I  came  a  Boue  the  first  Naros 
and  sloped  on  a  Island  for  to  Rest  and  Coming  to  Examin  of  the 
popel  What  prouison  tlte  had  I  found  Scasity  for  one  half  lor 
the  tim  I  Desined  to  Be  Gon  so  I  thot  proper  to  Send  Back  one 
Batto  and  lialf  of  the  Men  and  take  the  other  prouison  and  So 
(ttofied  Not  With  Standing  I  hud  Bot  one  third  of  the  Strcngb 

4 


SIR  WM.  Johnson's  scouts. 


381 


perposed  By  his  honer  on  the  16  Day  of  Instant  I  lay  Stil  til 
SoDset  and  then  I  Set  out  for  a  Dis  Couery  and  Did  prosed  as  far 
as  the  Naros  Whar  the  advansed  party  Lay  the  Night  Being  uery 
Light  I  Sopos  they  Discouer  us  forst  for  We  Was  Betwen  the 
Moon  and  they  and  I  sopos  a  Bout  three  quartor  of  a  Mild  Dis- 
tans  When  forst  Discouered  Bov  us  We  Lay  a  Spel  to  Consider 
What  was  Best  Bot  they  Son  Let  us  Noy  they  Was  a  Wake  By 
flering  a  Larera  Gon  and  the  other  party  anserd  them  and  It 
Was  the  General  note  of  the  popel  to  Retom  By  Being  Dis 
Couered  and  for  W^ant  of  provison  for  We  had  Not  any  at  all 
So  We  Retorned  With  sped  and  Mad  No  other  Discouery  of 
Enymy  and  We  Got  In  on  the  17  Day  a  Bout  12  a  Clock  To  the 
onrahel  Jenerael  Jonson  Esquire  Commander  and  Chef  of  the 
army  at  Lake  Gorg  this  Cout  proseded  By  David  Waterbery  L* 
(Endorsed)    Report  of  Lieut  Waterbury 

of  the  Enemy  at  the  Narrows.    17  Nov. 


-m 


ORDERS  TO  LIEUT.  RODGERS. 

You  are  to  proceed  with  the  party  under  your  command  to 

Tiondorogo  in  order  view  the  posture  &  strength  of  the  Enemy 

as  distinctly  as  you  possibly  can.    If  you  find  the  Enemy  a 

considerable  Body  you  are  to  dispatch  Two  of  your  party  hither 

with  an  ace'  &  proceed  with  the  rest  to  Crown  Point  where  you 

are  to  make  all  the  discoveries  you  ean  &  if  possible  to  take  a 

Prisoner. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  16  day  of  Nov' 

, !    uT  at  y«  Camp  at  Lake  George  1765.  w  i 

(Endorsed)  Orders  to  Lieu*  Rodgers 

16  Nov  1755.  :.ni 


REPORTS  OF  LIEUT"  RODGERS  &  CLAUS. 

3y  Orders  of  the  Hon>»i«  Major  General  Johnson  Lieut'  Rod- 
gers &  Claus  made  the  following  Discoveries  at  Diontarogo  & 
Crown  Point 

1755  Nov'  16th  In  the  Evening  sat  off  in  a  Battoe  with  2 
Mohawk  lud"  and  one  of  the  Newhampshire  Men,  came  that 


t*. 


i  ■   ■*\ 


882 


JOURNALS  OF 


nH 


Night  as  far  as  the  large  Bay  of  the  Lake,  att  12  or  14  miles 
from  the  Camp  where  we  Lay  that  Night. 

17Ui  Travelled  on,  discovered  nothing. 

IS'*"  Ditto,  heard  3  Canon  fired  ab'  2  or  3  o  Clock  afternoon. 

1 9^^  ab*  4  in  the  afternoon  came  where  the  french  advanced 
Guard  keeps,  Lieu**  Rodgers  &  Claus  with  an  Indian  went  on 
top  of  a  mountain  opposite  tlie  Diontorogo  Camp,  where  they 
discovered  at  the  foot  of  it  the  french  advance  Guard,  seen  them 
walk  upon  tlie  Beech  judged  their  Number  ab*  40  or  50. 

Observed  the  Smoke  of  Diandorogo  Camp  to  be  at  the  same 
Place  Capt  Rodgers  discovered  it,  but  the  Ind""  said  it  was  then 
not  to  be  compared  to  the  smoke  he  seen  when  there  a  few  Days 
before,  heard  frequent  firing  of  Guns  &  Drums  beating  staid  till 
dark,  &  then  went  back  to  our  Company. 

20*i>  Early  in  the  morning  all  of  us  went  further  down  towards 
Diondarago  ab*  2  miles  from  where  we  encampd  and  coming  to  a 
mountain  opposite  the  Camp  went  up  &  laying  there  a  little 
while  heard  a  Gun  near  us  tried  to  come  up  to  it  but  found  it  to 
be  at  the  advance  Guard.  '*  r  4*a.-^« - 

Hendrick  the  Indian  with  Lieu*  Claus  went  upon  an  Eminence 
of  the  Mountain  to  view  the  french  Camp,  but  the  Ind«»  was 
surprised  to  find  such  an  alteration  for  he  said  the  smoke  he 
seen  when  there  last  was  much  larger  and  he  could  not  but 
thinck  the  greatest  part  marchd  off  for  Want  of  Provisions,  Ab' 
noon  sat  off  for  Crown  point ; 

21*  Abt  3  o  Clock  afternoon  capie  within  fair  Prospect  of 
Crown  Point  Fort  and  the  adjacent  Plantations,  but  could  make 
no  remarkable  Discovery  as  the  Place  seemed  quite  desolate  to 
us  we  could  observe  no  smoke  in  the  Fort  or  neighbouring 
houses  tho'  we  staid  till  dai*k,  saw  no  Body  stirring,  no  Craft 
upon  the  Lake,  heard  only  2  or  3  Guns  fired  in  the  Woods  over 
the  Lake,  We  thought  to  intercept  a  Prisoner  there  or  burn 
their  Grain  but  seeing  no  house  inhabited,  &  no  stack  w'^  Grain 
(wiiich  article  Henry  the  Indian  observed  to  be  too  precious  to 
the  frencii  us  to  leave  it  upon  stacks :)  we  returned  at  Dark  a 
little  ways  &  encamped.  > 

22«J  Weather  &.  Scarcity  of  Provisions  would  not  permit  us  to 
]&y  by  any  longer,  wherefore  took  to  our  Rctour,  had  an  other 


SIR  WM.  Johnson's,  scouts. 


283 


view  upon  an  eminent  Rock  of  a  Mountain  of  Diondaroga,  heard 
firing  of  Guns  &  Cutting  of  Wood,  &  seen  some  smol^es  on  tlie 
o^her  side  of  Lalce  Champluin,  when  the  old  Indian  was  convin- 
ced of  the  Enemy's  marching  backward  as  he  said  the  smoke  of 
jc  Camp  was  higher  up  the  Lack  when  he  saw  it  last,  as  also 
the  firing  &  beating  of  Drums ; 

23,  24,  SS'h  Travelled  homewards  under  great  deal  of  hard- 
ships suffered  by  y«  severity  of  the  Weather. 

Which  is  Report  of  your  Honours         fA 
Most  Obedient  humble  Servants 

Richard  Rodgers  •> 
Dan*-  Glaus. 
To  The  Hono''i«  M^jor  General  Johnson 


I 


.il».i;iv>  vX 


REPORT  OF  CAP'  FALES  UPON  EASTERN  SCOUT. 

Monday  November  y*  IT'i"  AD  1755 

I  marched  with  a  parte  of  men  from  these  Camps  and  Went 
on  y^  Wagon  Rod  about  3  miles  and  then  tornd  to  y^  East  and 
marched  about .  7  .  miles  then  touren  to  y*  Northerd  of  the 
Est  and  marched  about .  20  .  miles  and  thar  in  Campt  and  a 
Bout  Daylitin  I  herd  a  Bout .  21  .  grat  gones  flrd  a  Bout  North 
from  us  .  in  y*  moring^I  marched  to  the  North  .4  or  |  5  miles  ^ 
and  then  torned  and  mad  homard  Rangen  y«  Woods  But  Dident 
Discouer  an  thing  at  al 

Eliphalet  Fales  Capt. 


'.((,.  i 


Sb 


ORDERS  TO  CAPT  RODGERS 

Port  Wm  Henry  29"  Jan-y  1756 


You  are  Hereby  Ordered  to  March  the  Partey  Under  your 
Command  y*  nighest  And  Best  way  you  Can  to  Crown  Point 


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JOURNALS    OF 


There  Take  a  View  of  that  Fortress  &  out  works  &  makeminnets 
of  the  Same  if  you  meet  Indieans  or  any  Enemy  in  your  way  yt)u 
are  to  take  them  Prisoners  or  Kill  them  or  distress  them  any 
other  ways  or  Means  your  Prudence  shall  direct  you  are  to"  take 
Good  Cai'e  of  your  men  and  not  Expose  them  too  much  you  are 
to  use  all  Immaginable  Protection  not  to  Loos  a  man  if  it  should 
Snow  you  are  to  Return  Imedintly  to  this  Fort  if  you  Discover 
any  Large  Body  of  the  Enemy  you  are  to  send  off  of  the  most 
Active  of  your  men  with  Intelligence  to  me  as  Soon  as  you  Can 
Preforme  this  Scoute  you  are  to  Return  to  this  Fort  with  your 
Partey  I  heartily  wish  you  success 

And  am  Sr  your 

Hum**'*  Servant  . 

B  Gleasier 
To  Cap*  Rob*  Rotgers  - 


m 


CAPT  ROGERS'  REPORT 

Fort  W"»  Henry  Jan'y  y«  29*  1756 
Set  out  with  a  Partey  of  fifty  men  with  Orders  to  Look  Into 
Crown  Point  &  the  Advance  Battreys  that  is  Built  Round  it 
the  first  Day  we  mar*'*^  Down  the  Lake  George  aboute  Eighten 
Miles  &  Campd  so  we  Procee«i  by  the  west'^  of  the  Grtate  Moun- 
tains And  Continue  our  March  until  the  2^  of  Feb"  than 
Clamb'd  up  a  greate  Mounton  to  the  west'^  of  Crown  Point 
about  one  Mile  &  Gave  it  the  name  of  Ogdens  Mount  there  we 
took  a  Particular  View  of  the  s^  Fort  &  the  Ridouts  that  is  Built 
Round  it  &  a  Plan  of  the  Same  w«  Laide  there  untell  the  Evening 
then  went  Down  the  Mounten  mar^J  through  a  small  Village 
Aboute  half  a  mile  from  the  Fort  to  the  Suthor^  there  we  Laide 
in  Ambush  upon  each  side  of  the  Roade  that  leads  from  the  Fort 
through  Sa«i  Village  there  we  Laide  Untill  about  nine  of  the  Clock 
In  Mor?  and  there  Came  Along  one  French  man  whicii  we  took 
Prisoner  &  2  more  were  upon  the  Roade  Accomming  towards  us 
but  Discoverd  our  Ambush  &  made  a  Speedy  Escape  to  the  Fort 


SIR  WM.  Johnson's  scouts. 


285 


&  some  of  my  men  pursued  them  within  Gun  Shoot  of  the  Fort 

but  could  not  overtake  them  So  we  Bein^  Discouerd  thought  it 

needles^to  waite  any  Longer  for  Prisoners  but  Imedently  set  fire 

to  the  Barns  &  Houses  where  was  abundance  of  wheat  &  other 

Giaiens  &  we  Kill«i  there  Cattle,  Horses  and  Hoogs  in  Number 

Aboute  fifty  Left  none  Living  in  s^  Village  to  our  knowledg 

aboute  11  o'clock  we  march**  Home  ward  Leving  the  Village  on 

fire  the  5"'  Ins*"'  In  the  Morning  one  of  our  men  was  taken  Sick 

sol  stooped  with  Seven  men  &  sent  the  Rest  Home  with  Cap'" 

Cushinn  &  Liev'  Ogden  they  Arr^*  at  our  Fort  Aboute  6  In  the 

Ewning  &  I  got  Home  the  next  Day  Aboute  4  o'clock  In  ye 

afternoon  with  the  Remainder  of  my  Partey  A  true  Accounj  by 

yoiu*  Humble  Servant.  ,,;_,, 

Robert  Rodgers 
Witnesses  , 

Seth  Gushing 


:i  sk'-^^ 


iiUjK:ii>  >,! 


JOURNAL  OF  A  SCOUT 


From  Fort  William  Henry  down  into  Lake  Champlain  pur- 
suant to  an  order  from  his  Excellency  Major  General  Shirley  to 
Captin  Robert  Rogers — as  foUoweth — viz*. 

June  y«  20^^  1756  Set  out  with  a  party  of  fifty  men  in  five 
\7hale  Boats  &  Proceeded  at  ab*  twenty  miles  to  an  Island  in 
Lake  George  were  we  encamped  y®  next  day  went  five  miles 
farther  Down  y°  Lake  and  there  landed,  hailed  out  our  Boats 
ashore  and  carried  them  over  a  Mountain  about  six  miles  to 
South  Bay  whare  we  arrived  y^  3  ^  July  in  the  afternoon  and  y« 
Same  evening  went  down  y*  Lake  at  about  six  miles  Distance 
from  y«  Forts. 

July  y«  4*'»  towards  morning  we  hailed  up  y^  Boats  on  the  East 
side  of  the  Lake  &  Concealed  them  &  lay  by  untill  Evening, 
then  set  Out  again  &  Passed  by  Tiantiroga  &  found  we  were  not 
Discovered  by  being  so  near  y«  Enemy  as  to  hear  y«  Senterys 
Watch  word.  We  judged  from  the  number  of  their  fires  they 
had  a  body  of  about  two  thousand  men,  &  y^  y«  Lake  in  this 


:ll 


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,*•  • 


286 


JOURNALS  OF 


».    t. 


•*  «, 


Place  to  be  about  Seventy  Rods — Continued  on  till  Day  \\^n 
about  five  miles  from  f  •  Fort,  then  hailed  up  ye  Boats  &  Con- 
so  oin  loaded  ^^^  ^  ^^^  ^^  J"  Same  Shore  and  discovered 
jromcrowii  point  to  Suudry  Bottoesj  Loaded  alid  unloaded  which  ware 
^iSf?  Comeing  &  going  upon  ye  lake— in  ye  Evening  of 
from'rlcSSS  r  fifth  Day  Put  of  again  &  attempted  to  Pass  by 
Crownpoint  But  thought  it  imprudent  to  Pursue 
this  Intention  by  Reason  of  the  Clearness  &  light  of  the  Night 

soof  .hem.aiing  ^®  *^*"®^  "P  y*  ^**^  *g*^"  ^  ^*y  Conccaled  all 
S  iTonhw^  ^*y  ^®^"g  ^^  ^^^  Currant,  this  Day  near  one  hun- 
to*Ticonlo°ro'^o  ^'^  Boats  Passcd  us  Seaven  of  Which  Came  very 
(near]  us  and  asked  to  land  at  the  Point  Where 
we  lay  but  their  officer  went  iarther  on  &  Landed  about  25  Rods 
from  us  Where  they  Dined  in  our  View  But  did  not  think  it 
advisable  to  Attack  them  in  the  Situation  we  were  in — ^About  9 
in  ye  Evening  Set  out  again  Passed  ye  fort  at  Crownpoint  & 
went  ten  miles  from  it  Down  ye  Lake  &  hailed  up  ye  Boats  about 
brake  of  Day. 

July  ?*•»  about  10  in  ye  Morn.  30  Boats  Passed  towards 
8uposep«rtoftho«  ^auda  also  a  Light  Schooner  of  about  35  or  40 
•een  the  day  before.  tuHs— Set  out  again  in  ye  Evening  &  went  15 
miles  farther  Down  and  went  ashore  about  1  oClock  a.  m.  upon 
a  Point  on  ye  East  Side  of  &  Immediately  Sent  a  party  farther 
Down  the  Lake  for  Discovery,  who  Saw  a  Schooner  at  Anchor 
Some  Distance  from  ye  Shore  about  a  mile  from  us  And  upon 
this  Intelligence  lightned  our  Boats  &  prepared  to  Board  thefli 
but  were  prevented  about  3  of  ye  Clock  by  two  Lighters  Coming 
up  the  Lake  who  we  found  intended  to  Land  in  ye  Place  Where 
we  Were  which  Vessels  we  fired  upon  immediately  and  after- 
wards hailled  them  &  ofiered  them  Quarters  if  they  would  Come 
ashore  which  they  said  they  would  Comply  with  but  Instead 
thereof  put  off  in  their  Boats  to  y*  opposit  Shore  but  we  followed 
them  in  our  Boats  &  Intercepted  them  &  after  taking  them  found 
twelve  men  three  of  wliich  were  killed  &  two  wounded  one  of 
the  wounded  Could  not  March  therefore  put  an  end  to  him  to 
Prevent  Discovery — as  soon  as  ye  prisners  were  Secure  we  em- 
ployed our  Selves  in  Destroying  &  Sinking  Vesels  and  Cargoes— 
Which  was  Chiefly  Wheat  &  flour  Rice  Wine  &  Brandy  except- 


SIR    WM.    JOHNSON'S   SCOUTS. 


287 


iBg  Some  few  Casks  of  Brandy  &  Wine  which  we  hid  in  very 
secure  Places  with  our  Whale  boats  at  Some  Distance  on  y« 
opposite  Shore  tlie  Prlsners  informed  y*  about  Ave  Imndred  men 
of  which  tliey  were  foremost,  were  on  their  Passage  at  about  two 
Legs  Distance  wliicli  occasioned  us  to  set  forward  on  our  Return 
ye  Morning  of  the  8^''  Currant  &  persued  our  Marcli  till  y«  12*»> 
Wliere  we  arrived  on  the  West  Side  of  Lake  George  about 
twenty  five  miles  from  Fort  Wil">  Henry  &  Sent  Lieut  Rogers 
to  said  fort  for  Battoes  &  Provisions  to  Carry  us  by  water  the 
14th  in  y  evening  y«  Lieu*  Returned  to  us  witli  thirty  men  and 
ten  Battoes  &  y ''  1 5'*>  at  two  of  the  Clock  we  arrived  safe  With 
all  my  Party  &  Prisners  at  Fort  Wil""  Henry. 

.  Robert  Rogers 

To  Sir  Wilrn  Johnson 


CORNELIUS  CUTLER'S  CALCULATION  OF  THE  DISTANCE 


from  ALBANY  TO  CROWN  POINT. 

From  Albany  to  Still  Water      -        -        -        - 
from  Still  Water  to  Sarichtoge         -        -        . 
from  Sariclitoge  to  tlie  Great  Carrying  Place 
from  tlie  Carrying  Place  a  Cross  to  Wood  Creek 
from  the  Wood  Creek  Down  to  the  forks  - 
from  the  forks  to  the  Little  tails  Being  the  end  of 

the  Wood  Creek     -        -        -        -        - 
from   the  Little  falls   to  the  Narrows   in   the 

Drowned  Lands,  where  2  hills  are  opposite  one 

another      

from  the  Narrows  to  Tjondaroge  where  Lake  S* 

Sacrama  tails  into  the  River    -        -        -        - 
from  Tjondaroge  to  Crown  point     -        -        - 


22  mills 

14 

10 

6 


-    24 


9 

21 
15 

135 


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SIX 


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Toi. 


IT, 


xn. 


PAPERS 


RELATING   PRINCIPALLY    TO    THE 


CONVERSION  AND  CIVILIZATION 


OF  THE 


SIX   NATIONS   OF   INDIANS, 


INTERSPERSED   WITH 


VLftttV 


ON  OTHER  SUBJECTS  OF  PUBLIC  INTEREST. 


Vol.  IT. 


1642-1776. 

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EARLY  MISSIONARIES  AMONG  THE  IROQUOIS     , 

IN  THE  PROVINCE 'OF  NEW   YORK.  X*  '«i 

Jesuits. 

Paul  Raoueneau.  Arrived  in  Canada  28  June  1636;  Superior 
from  1650  to  1653;  sent  to  Onondaga  26  July  1667;  left  20 
March  1658;  died  at  Paris  3  Sept.  1680. 

Isaac  Jogues  born  in  France,  1607;  arrived  in  Canada  2<>  July 
1636;  prisoner  among  tlie  Mohawks  from  Aug.  1642  to  Aug. 
1643;  sent  a  missionary  to  the  same  tribe  in  1646  and  killed, 
(at  Caughnawaga  as  is  supposed),  18  Oct.  of  the  same 
year.  Jiji* 

Frs.  Jos:  Lemercier.  Arrived  in  Canada  20  July  1635;  Superior 
from  1653  to  1656;  sent  to  Onondaga  May  17  of  the  latter 
year;  remained  there  until  20  March  1658;  died  in  the  West 
Indies. 

Frs.  Duperron.  Arrived  in  Canada  between  1636  and  1638; 
returned  to  France  Aug.  23  1650;  came  out  a  second  time, 
was  missionary  at  Onondaga  from  1657  to  1658,  and  again 
returned  to  France  6  Sept.  1658;  arrived  for  the  third  time 
in  Canada  June  30  1665,  and  died  at  Fort  S^  Louis,  Chambly 
the  10  Nov.  following. 

Simon  le  Moyne.  Arrived  in  Canada  about  1638,  when  he  was 
sent  to  the  Hurons;  sent  to  Onpndaga  2  July  1654;  arrived 
at  the  Mohawks  16  Sept  1655;  remained  there  until  9  Nov. 
of  same  year;  sent  thither  again  in  1656;  returned  5  Nov. 
same  year;  went  to  the  Mohawks  a  third  time  26  Aug.  1657, 
and  returned  to  Quebec  May  21  1658;  sent  to  Onondaga  2 
July  1661,  returned  to  Quebec  Sept.  15,  1662;  sent  on  30 
July  1663  to  the  Senecas,  but  remained  at  Montreal.  Died 
It  Cape  de  la  Magdeleine  in  Canada  24  Nov.  1665. 


;   -ff 


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^^':^'. 


898 


rJt  v.i<  •  BBl'ATINO  TO 


'!(• 


» *, 


Francois  Joseph  Bressai  :  -  /I  native  uf  Romo;  arrived  in  Cana- 
da in  1642  [1638l|;  prisoner  among  the  Mohawlcs  from 
Ap'l  30,  to  19  Aug.  1644;  left  for  Europe  Nov  2, 1650;  died 
at  Florence  9  Sept.  1672. 

Pierre  Joseph  Mary  Chaumonot.  Bom  near  Chatillon  sur  Seine ; 
entered  at  Rome  in  1632;  arrived  in  Canada  1  Aug  1639. 
Sent  to  Onondaga  Sept  19, 1655,  abandoned  it  March  20, 
1658.    Founded  Lorette,  and  died  at  Quebec  21  February 

Joseph  Anthony  Poncet.  Arrived  in  Canada  1  Aug  1639;  pri- 
soner among  the  Iroquois  from  Aug  20  to  Oct  3,  1652; 

V  >    started  for  Onondi^a  28  Aug  1657,  but  recalled  at  Montreal; 

OL'  left  Canada  IS^h  Sept  1667;  died  at  Martinique  18  June 
1675. 

Rene  Menard.  Arrived  in  Canada  July  8, 1640;  was  a  mission- 
ary with  Lemercier  at  Onondaga  from  1656  to  1658,  and 

.IV  afterwards  among  the  Cayugas.  Is  said  to  have  died  in  the 
-:    woods  near  Lalce  Superior  in  Aug.  1661. 

Jdlien  Garnier.  Was  born  in  1643;  arrived  in  Canada  27  Oct 
1662;  was  ordained  Ap'l  1666;  sent  to  the  Mohawlcs  May 

•J,  17,  1668;  passed  to  Onondaga,  thence  to  Seneca;  on  the 
mission  until  1683.  He  appears  to  have  been  one  of  the 
Missionaries  sent* to  the  Cantons  in  1702.  "In  silvis  apud 
Iroquois."  Catal.  1703. 

ChAVDB  Dablon.    Arrived  in  Canada  1655  when  he  proceeded 

...    to  Onondaga,  and  continued  there  a  few  years.    He  labored 

(iti    afterwards  among  the  tribes  of  the  Upper  lakes,  and  was 

yl,  Superior  from  1670  to  1693.  The  date  of  his  decease  is 
not  linown;  he  was  still  alive  in  1694.      \  f.// r.  r  ^wft 

Jacques  Fremin.    Was  missionary  at  Onondaga  from  1656  to 

lr>    1658;  sent  to  the  Mohawks  in  July,  1667;  left  there  10 

.  vi    Oct.,  1668  for  Seneca,  where  he  remained  a  few  years.    He 

"     died  at  Quebee  20  July,  1691. 

Pikrre  Rafeix.  Arrived  in  Canada  22  Sept  1663;  chaplain  in 
in  Courcelles'  expedition  in  1665;  sent  to  Cayuga  in  1671; 

<i!'    thence,  on  Carheils'  return,  to  Seneca  where  he  was  in  1679. 

l>-^>  He  was  in  Quebec  in  170^-^  though  in  an  infirm  state  of 
health. 


>  THE  BIX   NATIONS. 


893 


Jaqom  Bruyas.  Arrived  Aug.  3, 1666.  Sent  to  the  M^ohawks, 
July  1667,  &  to  the  Oneidas  in  Sept.  where  he  spent  4 

'  years;  thence  he  returned  to  the  Mohawks  in  1672,  and 
was  at  Onondaga  in  1679,  in  1700  and  1701.  He  was  still 
alive  in  1703,  at  Port  St  Louis. 

Etienne  de  Carheil.  Arrived  in  Canada  6  Aug.  1666;  sent  to 
Cayuga  1668 — absent  in  1671,  2;  returned  and  remained 
until  1684.  Died  at  Quebec  July  1726.  He  is  said  to  have 
spoken  the  Iroquois  better  than  his  own  language.  f 

Pierre  Milet.  Was  sent  with  de  Carheil  to  Cayuga;  left 
in  1684;  was  at  Niagara  in  1688;  taken  prisoner  at  Catara- 
couy  in  1689  and  remained  in  captivity  until  October  1694. 
He  was  alive  in  1701  and  Cliarlevoix,  who  came  in  1705, 
says  that  lie  lived  several  years  with  him. 

Jean  Pierron.  Arrived  in  Canada  27  June  1667;  sent  to  the 
Mohawks  the  following  month;  returned  to  Quebec  and 
arrived  again  among  the  Mohawks  7  Oct.  1668;  left  in 
1670  and  was  sent  to  the  Senecas  after  1672,3  where  he 
still  was  in  1679. 

Jean  deLamberville.  Arrived  probably  in  1668.  At  Onondaga 
in  1671,2;  left  it  and  was  sent  to  Niagara  in  1687;  at  La- 
prairie  in  1690  and  in  France  in  1699. 

Francois  Boniface.  Sent  to  the  Mohawks  in  1668,  9;  laboring 
there  after  1673;  died  at  Quebec  17  Dec.  1674. 

Frs.  Vaillant  de  Gueslis;  arrived  prior  to  1674.  Succeeded 
Fatiier  Boniface  among  the  Mohawks  about  1674;  accom- 
panied the  expedition  against  the  Senecas  in  1687;  on  the 
31  Dec.  of  that  year  was  sent  to  New  York  and  to  the 
Senecas  in  1703,  4. 

Jacques  de  Lamberville.  Among  the  Mohawks  in  1675-8; 
subsequently  at  Onondaga  which  place  he  left  in  1686.  At 
Montreal  in  1700,  again  among  the  Troquois  in  1703,  and  at 

!,  ( I-  Onondaga  in  Sept  1708.  He  was  at  Cayuga  in  1709,  whence 
he  fled  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  war. 

Pierre  de  Mareuil.    At  Onondaga  in  June  1709,  when  he  sur- 
rendered himself  to  the  English  in  consequence  of  war 
nt^.breakmg  out  between  the  iattei*  and  the   French,   and 


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294 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


came   to  Albany  where  the   government  caused  every 

attention  to  be  paid  to  him,as  appears  by  Journ.  Ass.i.,  255. 
Jacques  D'Heu  was  a  Missionary  among  the  Onondagas  in  1708- 

and  in   1709  among  the  Senecas;  is  said  to  have  been 

drowned  in  1728. 
Anthony  Gordon,  founded  St  Regis  in  1769,  with  a  Colony  from 

Sault  St.  Loui  ' 

/,':■■,  ■  '  -  ■:   ."T    .-:"'":    Sulpitians.  »:^  ii'iiO     .-■•;!.. 

Francis  Picquet.    Came  to  America  in  1733;  founded  Oswe 
gatchie  in  1748;  abandoned  that  place  in  1760,  and  died  in 
France  15  July  1781.     '    '\  .    ;,^>^ir   .,     ...    ,   •  ,  ,,, 

Pierre  Paul  Frs.  de  la  Garde.    Succeeded  Abbe  Picquet  at 
Oswegatchie;  died  at  Montreal  April  4  1784. 

•,•  We  are  Indebted  to  the  politeness  of  Mr.  John  M.  Shba  S.  J.  for  the 
preceding  list.    Ed. 


,v,rvv/v  . 


:     RE V»  MR  HARTWICK  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

Honourable  Sir, 
May  it  please  Your  Honour. 
Here  i  make  bold  to  communicate  to  Your  Honour  a 
Project  for  the  better  peopling  governing  and  defending  of  the 
Limits  of  North  America,  wich  i  leave  to  Your  Hon"  Wisdom 
and  Discretion,  if  you  could  aprove  of  it  Sir,  or  devise  any 
better,  i  conceive  it  would  be  more  taken  Notice  of,  if  proposed 
to  his  Majesty,  by  Way  of  an  Advice  of  the  Indians.  I  have 
thought  Sir,  tliat  it  would  be  more  for  the  good  of  the  Planta 
tions  in  the  present  Circumstances,  if  the  Cost,  wich  must  be 
spent  to  the  Carrying  on  of  a  War,  were  imployed  for  transport- 
ing settlei  jj  and  providing  for  them  for  one  year  at  least,  besides 
parchasiijg  of  Implements  and  Cattle  and  that  a  Circling  Line 
might  be  improved  and  at  convenient  Places  and  Distances  Forts 
and  Towns  erected  and  a  Borroagh  Grave  or  Guard  a  limit  settled 
at  Camp  Johnson,  at  Oswego,  at  Lake  Erie  and  at  Ohio,  wich 
Borroagh  Graves  should  be  immediates  that  is  independents  of 
tlie  Respective  Goverments  but  only  depending  on  his  Majesty's 
Orders,  and  only  accountable  to  him.    To  whom  a  District  suffi- 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


295 


cient  for  its  own  Defence  should  be  granted  and  assigned,  with 
Power  suflBlcient  for  the  Defence  thereof,  wich  at  set  Times 
should  be  subject  to  a  Visitation  of  a  Commission  of  his  Majesty, 
whose  Power  must  be  more  extensive  in  the  Beginning  in  order 
to  make  Tryal  and  subject  to  Limitations  from  his  Majesty  as 
occasion  should  offer.  This  i  conceive  is  the  Method,  by  wich 
the  German  Emperors  have  preserved  their  Extensive  Territo- 
ries against  the  Incursions  of  the  Barbarians,  in  former  Times 
You  know  Sir,  it  doth  not  signify,  to  claim  and  even  conquer 
large  Territories,  if  you  can  not  keep  them,  and  you  cannot 
keep  them  except  you  can  settle  them,  and  that  it  will  cost  less 
to  settle  and  improve  them  then  in  process  of  time  it  will  cost 
the  king  and  Country  to  erect  Forts  keep  them  in  Repair  and 
maintain  Garrisons  at  so  great  a  Distance  from  the  Settlements 
It  will  indeed  cost  more  in  the  Beginning  and  at  once,  but  these 
Costs  will  lessen  and  determine  and  instead  thereof  the  Income 
of  the  Country  will  increase  and  the^Cos.ts  pnd  Troubles  of  Ware 
will  be  spared.  But  then  i  would  also  advise  That  such  Bor- 
rough  Graves  or  Guard  a  limits  must  settle  first  in  the  Fixt 
Line  one  towards  the  other,  and  that  in  defensible  Towns,  so 
that  the  settling  must  begin  at  their  respective  Residences  and 
so  round  about  and  extending  first  and  principally  as  much  as 
possible  from  the  Residence  of  one  Borrough  Grave  to  the  other 
and  to  secure  the  Communication  of  the  Burggraves  with  one 
another  Forts  must  be  erected  at  convenient  Places  and  proper 
Distances  between  them,  and  a  Correspondence  by  Post  and 
express  kept.  If  the  Crown  would  resolve  upon  this  Method  it 
would  be  adviseable  tO  listen  at  present  to  the  Proposals  of  the 
French  Carl  for  an  accommodation,  on  Condition  that  the  Forts 
errected  on  the  kings  Territories  be  immediately  demolished. 
And  if  then  this  Method  was  immediately  put  in  Execution,  we 
would  gain  upon  Canada  insensibly  so  that  they  would  be 
obliged  to  be  in  fear  of  us  in  place  that  we  must  now  be  in  fear 
of  them .  If  Your  Honour  approves  of  my  scheme  and  promoteth 
a  Subscription  of  the  Indians  to  the  Inclosed  Petition  i  shall,  God 
willing  undertake  a  Voyage  to  England  and  promote  the  scheme, 
with  all  my  might.  I  wish  that  i  might  be  so  happy  to  speak 
with  your  Honour  about  it,  or  to  obtain  an  Answer  in  Writing 


\    -J 


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PAPER9  RELATIH6  TO 


But  Circumstances  bid  me  conclude  Recommending  Sir,  Your 
Honourable  Person,  House,  Office  and  circumstances  to  the 
Divine  Favour  and  Protection,  and  my  self  to  the  Continuation 
of  yours  i  remain  with  all  possible  Respect. 

^-^-iw^Jmn-  Honourable  Sir  <«  l«vi'i' '^iwjn  it 

»^    »..i  *:     Your  Honour  •>')^r 

<7ir.  1  ov;^;    ^':f  xbiu        most  obedient  Servant  "'('t 

"-*  J.  C.  Hartwick. 

•f    Staatsborough  ye  18th  Janu'y  1756. 


■■■»' 


P.  S.  Since  according  to  his  Majestys  Instructions  a  Fund  for 
an  Indefinite  Salary  for  the  Governor  must  be  provided  Quarit 
wether  not  this  scheme  might  be  improved  so  as  to  be  sonie- 
thing  subservient  to  it,  in  such  Case  it  would  be  advizable  that 
such  Burggraviates  must  be  subject  to  the  Governors  and  a 
Deputy  Governor  resident  in  the  Chief  Burgtown.  And  i  have 
forgotten  in  the  Letter  to  observe  that  the  Inhabitants,  who 
must  be  obligd,  by  Tiu-ns  to  guard  the  Forts  and  defend  the 
^Frontiers  must  be  exempt  from  taxes  and  from  bearing  a  share 
in  the  Expenses  belonging  to  the  Government  of  the  Provinces 
to  wich  they  are  the  Barrier.  I  hope  Sir  you  will  improve  these 
Raw  Hints,  wich  to  Day  expecting  your  arrival  are  come  in  ray 
mind  and  that  you  will  pardon  ray  Freedom  and  immature 
Patriotism  I  wish  you,  Honourable  Sir,  an  happy  New  Year  and 
if  possible  Peace,  if  not,  Victory  and  Success. 


I  <•*..!•'!/  !^i  'f  ifi.'<]j: 


1  f    :,■ 


:A\ 


REV.  MR  HARTWICK  TO  THE  MOHAWKS  OF  CANAJOHARE. 

Beloved  Brethren  !  "     ' 

»'  Grace  be  unto  you,  and  Peace  from  God  our  Father 

and  from  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

For  as  much  as  i  have  been  hindred  for  a  considerable  Time, 
both  by  Reason  of  Sickness  and  your  absence  to  see  your  Face 
or  to  write  to  you,  and  as  i  apprehend,  you  might  be  concerned  or 
troubled  in  your  mind  about  it  as  i  am :  i  could  not  forbear 
imbracinsc  an  opportunity  of  Speaking  to  you  in  Letters,  wich  i 


■  :<  I 


i         ■'        I 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


297 


expected  the  Honourable  General  Johnson,  would  give  me  if  i 
or  a  Letter  could  hit  him  at  his  Return  from  New  York.  Dear 
Brethren,  i  at  the  same  Time  will  condole  and  congratulate  you. 
that  on  the  victory  obtained  by  you  j  this  because  of  the  spilling 
of  so  much  noble  and  brave  Blood,  in  particular  that  of  oux 
Brother  Henry.  But  i  forbear,  saying  more  about  it,  least  i 
should  perhaps  make  the  Wound,  wich  beginns  to  heal  soar  and 
bleed  again.  Let  it  be  to  your  Comfort :  That  he  died  in  a 
rood  Cause  as  a  faitlifull  aUie  and  a  brave  Captain,  and  sleepeth 
on  the  Bed  of  Honour,  where  his  Name  will  be  a  good  Savour, 
is  long  as  a  Free  Englishman  and  faithful  Mohawk  remains  over 
And  as  he  hath  been  your  Brother  youi*  Father  and  your  Cap- 
tein,  it  is  your  Duty  to  be  a  Guard  to  the  Bed  whereon  he 
sleepeth.  That  no  perfidious  Frenchmen  may  disturbe  the  Rest 
of  his  Bones,  and  ashes  :  And  if  the  French  and  their  Slaves 
will  not  rest  satisfied  with  the  litle  Revenge  you  have  taken  from 
them,  and  desist  from  their  Incroachments  and  cruel  Ravines, 
and  restore  what  they  have  unjustly  taken  :  then  stand  up  for 
your  and  your  Bretherns  Right  and  revenge  the  dear  Blood  so 
unjustly  spilt  !  I  would  also  beseech  you,  Brethern  that  you 
would  not  sufier,  that  some,  who  are  unworthy  to  be  lookd  upon 
by  you  as  Brethren  or  even  Men,  because  they  are  more  cruel 
than  Savage  Beasts,  might  spoil  the  Good  name  and  Fame  you 
have  of  late  purchased  with  your  blood.  That  your  Heart 
might  not  be  as  a  stone  but  be  moved  with  Compassion  and  on 
hearing  of  the  more  then  barbarous  Treatment  your  Brethren 
the  English  in  Pensylvania  &  parts  adjacent  have  met  with. 

And  as  to  the  Cognawaghes  who  are  of  your  Blood,  let  them 
know  that  it  would  have  been  100  Times  better  for  them,  to 
have  accepted  your  Generous  oJOfer  of  Peace  and  Friendship  then 
to  Reject  it  on  so  frivolous  Excuses  ;  as  ;  their  having  been 
washd  with  the  same  Water  as  the  French  Since  there  is  but  one 
Bapt'sm,  and  you  are  washd  with  the  same  \yater  as  they. 
Since  even  the  Papists  do  not  even  repaptize  those  of  the  pro- 
tistants  that  iuibrace  their  superstitious  Way  of  Worship,      i 

I  let  you  know  also  beloved,  that  if  you  are  good  spiritual 
Warriors  wlio  manfully  fight  under  the  Banner  of  your  Chief 
Captain  Jesus,  against  your  Spiritual  Enemies,  vidz«  wicked 


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>  PAPERS   RELATING   TO 


Spirits  &  men  as  also  your  own  bad  Inclinations  and  Habits : 
That  then  the  Great  God,  who  is  calld  tmmanuel,  that  is  to  say : 
God  with  us  will  be  with  you  &  fight  your  Battles. 
*  Lastly  my  Brethren,  Let  my  tears  be  wipd  of,  for  the  Death  of 
my  Brother  Henry,  by  a  letter  to  Great  King  George,  wich  i  be- 
seech you  to  subscribe  in  my  Behalf,  lest  i  might  loose  the  Fruit 
of  so  many  years'  toil,  trouble  and  charges.  And  i  assure  yoiL 
as  soon  as  the  Lord  shall  enable  me,  you  shall  not  find  me  un- 
gratefull.  And  as  I  have  not  been  immindfuU  hitherto,  but 
remembered  you  at  the  Throne  of  Grace,  so  i  shall  in  Times  lo 
come. 

The  Lord  be  with  you  and  your  Love  with  me,  who  am 
Beloved  Brethren 
-  your  Loving  Brother 

^  Servant  and  Intercessor  by  God 

i  John  Christopher  Hartwice. 

Staatsborough 

y«  15*  of  January  1756. 

(Addressed)    To 

Abraham  Petersen,  Paulus  Petersen, 

Niclus  and  the  Rest  of  the  Brethren  of 

i  .'•!     r;        the  Mohawks  of  the  Castle  at  ..  r.w. 

Canadshohare  >  -•"  ^  > 


^ii^ii'i 


't^',  'M' 


t;  v.-  fs-; -•>-■ 


■>iv 


PROPOSED  ADDRESS  TO  THE  KING  IN  FAVOR  OF  THE 
REVD  MR   HARTWICK. 

To  the  Great  Sachem  of  the  Brittish  Nation  George  the  Second 
of  Great  Brittain,  France  and  Ireland  King,  Defender  of 
the  pure  Christian  Faith  Nursing  Father  of  the  seven  Indian 
Nations  of  America 

The  humble  Address  of  the  Chiefs  and  others  of  the  Mobawk 
Indians  of  Canad  Schohary 

May  it  please  Your  Majesty  ! 
Whereas  We  from  a  long  Experience,  are  convinced,  not  only 

of  Your  Majestys  Power  and  Inclination,  to  defend  your  subjects 


■"i 


*t. 


'   '(I 


THE  SIX  MATIONB. 


'   '4! 


from  the  Insults  and  Attacks  of  their  Ennemies,  but  also  of  your 
Majesty's  Faithfullness  in  Performing  your  Cpvenants  with  your 
Majesty's  alliance  and  Protection  before  that  of  the  Trench  King 
against  all  attemts  of  the  latter  to  intice  and  move  us  to  the 
Contrary  and  therefore  both  formerly  and  now  in  particular 
lately,  being  moved  thereunto,  by  our  Brother  General  Johnsen 
have  renewBd  the  Covenant  Chain  subsisting  between  Your 
Majesty  and  the  Six  Nations,  and  increased  it,  with  lincking 
another  Nation  to  it,  by  wich  means  Your  Majestys  Interest  is 
become  ours,  wich  now,  after  the  famous  and  glorious  Battel 
and  Victory  fought  and  obtained  against  and  over  the  French 
Army  at  Lake  George,  under  the  Wise  Conduct  of  our  brave 
Brother  General  Johnsen,  since  it  cos*''  us  a  good  proportion  of 
our  best  and  noblest  Blood,  our  Captain  Henry  besides  a^- 

more  being  killd  in  it,  to  wich  Victory  on  this  occasion  we  take 
the  opportunity  humbly  and  heartily  to  congratulate  Your 
Majesty,  is  become  still  more  so.  Hence,  and  from  many  consi- 
derations more  it  is  morally  impossible  for  us.  That  we  should 
undertake,  do  or  advize  any  thing,  to  the  Hurt  of  Your  Majesty's 
or  <  ir  Brethren's  Your  Faithful  Subjects  Interest. 

And  whereas  We,  who  live  between  Your  Majesty's  and  the 
French  Kings  Territories  naturally  must  know  better,  what  is 
conducive  to  the  Defension  of  the  Fronteer  of  Your  Majestys 
Dominions  m  America,  than  those  living  remoter  can  know.  "^'^ 

Therefore  do  ww  hope,  that  Your  Majesty  will  graciously  in- 
dulge us  hnmbly  to  advize  something  concerning  the  Savety  of 
the  extreme  Parts  of  Your  Majesty's  Dominions. 

By  long  Experience  we  know,  that  the  Guarding  the  Provinces 
of  Your  Majesty  against  the  Incroachments  and  Insults  of  a 
foreign  Enemy,  by  Means  depending  on  an  Assembly  the  Mem- 
bers whereof,  for  the  greatest  Part  live  remote  from  them,  is  a 
very  precarious  and  ineffectual  Method,  and  therefore  humbly 
talce  upon  us,  to  propose  another,  vizt.  '     /''-•: 

That  Your  Majesty  might  be  pleased,  to  grant,  to  such  Persons, 
as  were  willing  and  able  to  settle  and  cultivate  and  to  whom  we 
should  be  inclined  to  sell,  Tracts  of  I*and  sufficient  to  erect 
Tov,  ns  ipd  Forts  thereon,  under  the  Restrictions  and  Conditions, 
to  set^e  thereon  in  Towns,  and  not  in  so  (Scattered  a  Manner  as 


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PAPSRA  EELATIN6  TO 


is  done  in  other  Porta  of  the  Country,  to  Fortify,  Garrison  nd 
defend  such  Towns,  to  settle  and  maintain  Ministers  of  the  Gos- 
pel and  Schoolmasters,  both  for  themselves  and  the  Indians  living 
about  them:  and  to  free  such  Towns  and  Precincts  from  all  other 
public  Taxes  Expenses  and  troubles,  wherein  they  should  not 
particularly  be  concerned. 

1  And  whereas  we  find  John  Christopher  Hartwicfi  minister  of 
the  Gospel  inclined  and  conceive  him  able  to  oromote  both  the 
kingdom  of  Christ  and  that  of  Your  Majesty:  therefore  after  he 
had  obtained  Your  Majestys  Lycence  to  purchast ,  we  have  sold 
to  him  in  Your  Majestys  Name  a  Tract  of  Land  the  remotest, 
that  hath  hetn  purchased  yet.  And  v  hereas  both  by  Reason  of 
the  great  Distance  from  markett  and  because  of  the  Nearness  to 
the  Enemies  Country  and  the  Adjoining  Wilderness  of  the  people 
that  W'juld  undertake  to  settle  it  mast  labour  under  great  Hard- 
ships and  DiMculties,  arising  from  the  above  mention^  Circum- 
stances easily  to  be  conceived  and  too  tedious  to  mention  to 
Your  Majesty  and  whereas  the  far  greater  p«rt  of  the  Tract  of 
Land  aforesaid  is  not  improvable,  and  what  is  so  is  RiUch  inter- 
rupted by  Hills,  80  that  the  good  cannot  be  seperated  from  the 
bad,  without  putting  the  undertaker  to  Insupportable  Charges, 
the  Land  must  either  remain  waste  to  the  Detriment  of  Your 
Mf^esty's  Interest  because  it  cannot  make  good  the  charges  and 
Fees  of  Surveying  and  Patenting,  wich  are  great,  or  bring  up 
the  Quitrent,  wich  is  now  higl^er  than  that  wich  is  paid  from 
good  Jind  conveniently  and  savcly  situated  Land,  or  an  Exemp- 
tion must  be  granted. 

For  these  Reasons  and  from  such  Considerations  as  these,  as 
also  from  the  Confidence  we  put  in  the  Grace  and  Favour,  wich 
Your  Majesty  hath  allways  been  wont  to  bestow  upon  us  We 
have  taken  upon  us  to  intercede  to  Your  Majesty  in  Behalf  of 
the  aforementioned  John  Christopher  Hartwick  humbly  praying 
Your  Majesty,  to  grant  to  the  said  John  Christoplier  Hartwick 
the  Tracts  of  Land  sold  to  him  by  us;  and  more  particularly 
described  in  the  Deeds  of  Conveyance  and  Returns  of  the  Sur- 
veyor, on  such  easy  Terras  as  to  Your  Majesty  in  Your  Grace 
and  Wisdom  shall  seem  most  fit  and  expedient  for  the  Intents 
and  Pui'poses  .itbrementioned,  wich  we  forbear  mentioning  at 


I.  li 


THE  SIX  NATIOKS.  ' 


m 


Large  being  confident  Tour  Majestys  Wisdom  wiU  firom  tills 
Hint  easily  infer  them.    >J'«'''  f'.}JV.>ttK«)   .  .  .aiuiiraT  iiioi^  »M>t<J 

If  Tour  Majesty  sliall  be  pleased  to  grant  these  our  Prayers 
we  shall  thanckfully  acknowledge  it,  as  a  Token  of  Your  Majes- 
tys  especial  Grace  and  Favour  towards  us,  and  use  our  best 
Endeavours  by  a  Faithfull  Attachment  to  Your  Majestys  Crown 
to  deserve  it  allways  praying  to  the  Heavenly  Father  to  support 
Your  Majesty  in  Your  old  age,  with  continual  Supplies  of  Heavenly 
and  Royal  Gifts,  Graces  Power  and  Strength  to  the  longest  Period 
of  Life,  and  to  crown  Your  Endeavors  for  the  Happiness  of  Your 
People  and  maintaining  Peace  among  Christian  Princes,  with 
Success,  and  at  last  when  Your  Majesty  shall  be  ftill  of  Days  to 
leave  Your  Crown  to  a  Prince  of  Your  Royal  Blood,  who  shall 
not  be  unworthy  to  be  Son  to  such  a  Father  and  Successor  to 
such  a  king,  and  to  receive  a  Crown  of  Glory  in  the  Heavenly 
kingdom  that  fadeth  not. 

Finally,  we  pray.  That  Your  Majesty  would  be  pleased  to 
continue  that  fatherly  Care  and  Protection  wich  we  have  hitherto 
injoyed  towards  us  and  our  Brethren  the  Six  Nations  and  to 
receive  into  the  same  also  the  Nation  of  wich  by  the 

Care  of  our  Brother  Johnson  hath  been  joined  with  us  and  linck 
to  the  Covenant  Chain  in  particular  we  pray  That  Your  Majesty 
would  be  pleased  to  provide  for  us,  to  the  Glory  of  God  and  our 
Souls  Wellfare  a  Church  and  a  Minister  residing  among  us;  that 
we  may  more  fully  enjoy  the  Light  of  the  Gospel,  wich  hath  b^un 
to  dawn  upon  us;  That  we  delivered  from  the  Power  of  Dark- 
aess  may  walk  in  it — and  Your  Majestys  Petitioners  shall  ever 
pray  May  it  please  Your  Majesty 

Your  Majesty's 
'       most  humble  and  obedient  Servants 


'Jif  ! 


P.' 


<  ,  i; 


.'f     »' 


I- 


"■■  ■■  \  i  ■     '*  ■'. "  ^1 


)i ' 


.:<:V 


REV  MR.  OGILVIE  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

Albany  May  14*^  1756 
Dear  Sir— -I  hope  before  this  you  have  received  the  Lines  I 
sent  to  the  caS-e  of  M''  Peterson  of  Schenectady  I  inclose  a  Letter 
I  just  now  rec<i  and  was  in  Hopes  to  have  sent  you  the  public 


*  1*»*  I 


Pil        . 


>* 


-#«- 


302 


PAKBS  BSLATIMO  TO 


Papers  bnt  none  come  to  Hand.  This  Morning  arrived  an  £x. 
press  from  Virginia,  the  contents  have  not  yet  transpired :  i 
imagine  the  Indians  and  French  have  penetrated  far  into  that 
Province  by  some  hints  I  have  heard. 

I  plainly  foresee,  unless  we  act  with  more  Vigour  &uanimity 
we  shall  become  a  Byword  among  the  Heathen^  ond  the  Enemy  wUl 
Laugh  us  to  scorn.  "  I  heard  Gen>  Shirley  say  that  he  would  order 
Montrosure  to  plan  a  Defensible  Fort  which  he  intended  to  seod 
to  you,  as  a  Model  for  the  Forts  among  the  Indians,  and  that  he 
would  order  them  immediately  to  be  built  as  he  looked  upon  it 
the  only  Measure  left  to  secure  the  Alliance  of  the  five  Nations : 
For  my  part  I  thought  M'  Shirley's  Zeal  for  the  pubUc  would 
not  have  left  this  Measore  to  be  executed  at  this  Time,  especially 
as  we  were  told  in  tiie  public  Papers,  that  the  six  Nations  were 
effectually  secured  by  his  Activity  the  last  Summer :  I  am  very 
apprehensive,  from  what  I  hear,  that  the  Ileliwaces  will  obstruct 
our  building  a  Fort  at  Onogquaga,  itnd  I  fear  you'll  meet  with 
Difficulty  in  procuring  Workmen  for  that  Service.  I  am  quite 
of  opiniouytiiat  those  who  undertake  that  a£bir  should  be  well 
guarded.  Yesterday S'  I;...StL[ege]rwa8inviolentWrathin con- 
sequence of  a  Letter  from  Broadstreet,  what  the  Contents  wei« 
I  know  not :  I  believe  the- Gen'  is  embarrassed  between  them 
both, :  One,  I  am  convinced  he  must  give,  up,  and  I  am  inclined 
to  think  he'll  in  appearance  drop  Broadstreet,  for  Material 
Reasons.  I  am  vastly  diverted  to  see  Alexander  pursuing  S' 
John  where  ever  he  goes.  I  am  Sensible  their  Accounts  puzisled 
them  confoundedly.  I  am  this  minute  inform'd  That  the 
French  &  Indians  had  surrounded  Winchester  &  that 
Washington  was  there  only  with  fifty  Men  but  that  the  Militia 
of  Ten  Counties  were  on  their  March  for  it's  Relief.  Major 
Sparkes  sends  his  Compliments,  M"  Ogilvie  joins  in  our  best 
Wishes  Pray  make  my  Compliments  to  Cap^  Wraxal 
I  am  D' Sir  yours  affectionately 

John  Ogilvie. 

P.  S.    This  Minute  all  the  Barracks  at  the  Patrons  Mils  were 
consumed  by  Fire  by  which  Means  a  great  Quantity  of  Wheat 


is  lost. 


itm  ■■^^fit 


ti  ir  .1 


i»'J 


'*» 


4/1^' 


\-'M 


1   ii 


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i 

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/^ 


?»'•'"  ir:  '■•■*  i'^i^Ai'    !i~ 


./.'/  ric.y/^ 


■'/      /' 


y  . . 


//. 


/ ■■>  i^'iWirr, 


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■  /:.  FSA.sr.  .41/.^: 


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SIR  Wl 


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Itisb 

most  pol 

when  in 

iDclinati( 

scituatio: 

piness  th 

Your  vei 

occasion, 

Person  \( 

desirous 

my  esteei 

I  have 

Orange  a 

Abanakii 

they  wou 

I  assured 

been  don 

the  arrivi 

care  to  hi 

ing  settle 

Abanakis 

Lient  Cla 

Flag  w**  t 

time,  des 

use  Ten  I 

small  Tol 

Indians  y 

sensible  e 

You  may 

well,  thej 

generel  m 


*r 


/  'i 


'  THE  nz  MATioira.  (  808 

SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO   THE  REV.  JEAN  B.  ROUBAULT, 

JESUIT  MISSIONARY   AT  ST   FRANCIS. 


;  t 


Sir 


Fort  Johnson,  !■*  March  1761 


It  is  but  a  few  days  since  I  had  y*  pleasure  of  receiving  your 
most  polite  and  friendly  letter.  I  wish  it  had  been  in  my  power 
when  in  Canada,  to  have  made  you  more  sensible  of  my  good 
Inclination  to  serve  you,  or  any  gentleman  in  your  then  unhappy 
scituation,  a  hing  could  ever  afford  me  a  more  Sensible  hap-  . 
piness  than  t  ue  able  to  reward  merit  &  relieve  y*  disti^ssed. 
Your  very  Generous  and  gratefull  Sentiments,  expressed  on  y* 
occasion,  far  exceed  anything  I  could  have  done  for  so  worthy  a 
Person  wherefor  all  I  can  say  in  return  is,  that  I  sliall  ever  be 
desirous  of  &  wish  for  a  favorable  oportunity  to  convince  you  of 
my  esteem. 

I  have  on  my  arrival  last  Autum  acquainted  the  Loups  of 
Orange  also  the  Six  JVations  with  w^  passed  between  me  &  the 
Abanakis  your  Flock,  concerning  that  unlucky  a£fair,  and  desired 
they  would  all  remain  quiet  until  the  Spring  of  the  year,  when, 
I  assured  them  proper  satisfactiou  would  be  made  tor  what  had 
been  done  by  the  Abanakis,  they  all  acquiesced,  and  now  expeet 
the  arrival  of  said  Indians  soon  when  that  happens  I  shall  take 
care  to  have  the  afi&ir  properly  made  up,  and  a  good  understand*  « 
ing  settled  between  both  Parties,  and  in  order  to  enable  the 
Abanakis  the  better  to  come  to  Albany  unmolested  I  have  ordered 
Lient  Glaus  now  at  Montreal  my  Deputy  Agent,  to  give  them  a 
Flag  w**  they  are  to  carry  when  coming  this  way,  and  at  the  same 
thne,  desired  he  would  (on  my  ace*)  advance  you  for  ygur  own 
use  Ten  pounds,  which  I  hope  you  will  please  to  accept  as  a 
small  Token  of  my  regard  for  you.  The  good  disposition  of  y 
Indians  y  way  gives  me  great  pleasure,  and  hope  they  will  be 
sensible  enough  to  continue  it,  as  it  will  be  for  their  own  Interest 
Tou  may  assure  them  Sir,  from  me,  that  as  long  as  they  behave 
well,  they  will  have  my  good  wishes,  and  interest  with  whatever 
generel  may  be  here,  and  I  flatter  myself  while  they  have  you 


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PATUa  RVLATIN9  TO 


for  their  guide,  they  will  not  do  any  thing  to  forfeit  it.    I  wish 
you  all  the  success  imaginable  and  am  with  perfect  esteem 

•;  rTAmrmf   jr   7/  .  ^^    ■      -mii^   . 

YourSInceJtefHencI  "   >*1' 
■  'ij^&iit  m  XA  'Ji^   'Jb  very  Humble  Servant 
I  ar  { xiytm  1*  I  ,iumihl  m'l  W.  j.        . 

*,*  Father  Jean  Basile  Roubanlt,  to  whom  this  letter  iq  addressed  is  repM. 
■ented  as  having  arrived  in  Canada  in  1742  and  remained  there  until  1764;     ^], 


....^ 


rr 


V*. 


!      * 


*.:K: 


Jwaawiai!  REV,  MR.  BROWN  TO  SIR  W.  JOHNSON. 

g^  ,    -  •  r  t^-^f 

I  proposed  being  at  Fort-Hunter  on  Sunday  Next  but  am 
pnhfippily  disappointed  by  being  so  much  out  of  Order  that  I 
am  incapable  of  undertaking  so  long  a  Journey.  Besides  I  have 
Duty  to  do  at  Albany  to  morrow,  if  I  find  myself  capable.  I  hop^ 
you  have  not  acquainted  the  Indians  of  my  Design  of  comiiig,  or 
If  you  have,  shall  esteem  it  as  a  Favour  if  you  vdll  let  the  Inter- 
pritorjMquaint  y=»  of  my  Reason  for  Not  coming.  Major  Rogers 
yho  favour's  me  with  this,  will  acquaint  you  of  all  the  News 
l^tixiQ^  shall  therefore  to  avoid  giving  you  fiurther  Trouble  beg 
loure  to  subscribe  myself  , ,  ,^  . , 
^^  '^«  ^^  V*^  ,«fiBfji.?yr  n^gt  obedient 

^;.:,  .u...  i .,  ■^m^ihiu    Hum:  Servant 

'  itei^  March  ^7«k      V'^'^m  tUi'         tj  Browh. 

.  J  received  the  enclosed  of  W  Corry,  &  was  in  hopes  of  dell- 

'jreciDg  it  into  y  own  Hands. ,, ._      7    ,r  "'    -i-fii^-  / 

' '  \*  Kev.  Th<>b.  Bbowit,  of  whom  there  ftre  some  few  partioolara  in  Doo.  ^t 
m,  {  xxi,  was  Depaty  Gbaplaia  to  H.  M.  60th  Reg't  of  Foot,  or  Royal  Americans, 
according  to  his  own  petition,  and  not  to  the  27th  regiment,  as  already  erroneously 
Itated.  He  supplied  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ogilvie's  place  at  Albany  fVom  21  Dee.  1760 
to  Kpv.  1761,  when  'he  abo  was  ordered  on  an  expedition.  At  the  derire  of  St. 
t'et^sGongregatlOnhe  was,  on  his  return,  i^ipointed  Mr.  Ogilvie's  sncce8fior,and 
daiitiiKietl  to.  have  ctniirge  of  thiit  church  until  1767^  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
9ev.  Harry  Jfiaqro.  {Mitrnct  Soe.  Prop.  Go»p.)  For  Us  subsequent  career, 
^  r^^r  is  referred  to  the  8d  vol.  of  this  woA.' '"  '^^''^  'rim-ji  y  t«ii  m  i 

'  ■'■   ' ■#■'  "•"    ■  '  ••"  •    --■"'•  •  .^'^^  <m  Wiitf  fliw  i'>iil,Wrt! 

ii..y  sviia  toiij  aii4w.  'il^-^iii  •i.^fial  I  Lm  ..m^  oii  rm  hm^ 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


806 


SIR  W.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  ELEAZER  WHEELOCK. 

Port  Johnson,  Nov' 17th  1761 
Reverand  Sir, 

Yours  of  the  2<>  Ins*  I  had  a  few  days  ago  The  pleasure  of 

receiveing  by  y*  hands  of  Kiitland,*  I  am  pleased  to  find  y«  Lads 

I  sent  have  meritted  your  good  opinion  of  them.    I  expect  they 

will  return,  and  hope  wiU  make  silch  progress  in  the  English 

Language,  &  their  Learning,  as  may  prove  to  your  Satisfaction, 

&  the  Benifit  of  the  Indians,  who  are  realy  much  to  be  Pittied — 

my  absence  these  four  month,  has  prevented  my  design  of  jn- 

courageing  some  more  Lads  going  to  you,  and  since  my  return 

(which  is  but  Lately)  I  have  not  had  an  opportunity  of  seeing 

either  Old  or  Young,  bing  all  on  their  Hunt,  when  they  come 

back,  I  shall  talk  with,  &  advise  their  Parents  to  Embrace  this 

favourable  ppertunity  of  havin  their  Children  instructed,  and 

doubt  not  of  their  readiness  to  Lay  hold  of  so  kind  &  charitable 

an  offer. 

Kirtlands  hitention  of  Learning  y«  Mohawk  language  I  much 
approve  of,  as  after  acquireing  it,  he  could  (when  qualified)  be 
of  vast  service  to  them  as  a  Clergy  man  which  they  much  want, 
and  are  verry  desireous  of  having.  ■'>  '"•"^'  »<"'» 

The  present  Laudable  design  of  instructing  A  number  of  Indian 
Boys  will  I  doubt  not,  when  more  known,  lead  Several  Gentle- 
men t9  contribute  towards  it,  &  enable  You  thereby  to  increase 
the  number  of  Scholars,  w***  whom  I  shall  not  be  backward  to 
contribute  my  mite. 

Ihave  given  in  chaise  to  Joseph'  to  speak  in  my  name  to  any 

1  Rev.  Samuel  Kirtland,  afterwards  so  celebrated  as  a  missionary  among  the 
Oneidas.  His  life,  by  his  grandson,  Rev.  S.  K.  Lothrop,  will  be  found  in  Spark's 
Amer.  Biography,  2  ser.  XV. 

2  Tliis  was  the  celebrated  Josxph  Bbaut,  Thay-en-dt'iua-ga,  since  so  well 
known  through  Col.  Stone's  elaborate  biography  of  him.  We  find  the  following 
•ocount  of  his  introduction  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Wheelock  in  the  latter's  Narrative  of 
the  Indian  School  at  Lebanon,  1733.  "  Thc  Honourable  Scotch  Commissioners 
in  and  near  Boiton^  understanding  and  approving  of  the  Design  of  sending  for 
Indim  Children  of  remote  Tribes,  to  be  educated  here,  were  the  first  Body,  or 
Society,  who  have  led  the  Way  in  making  an  Attempt  for  that  purpose.  Which 
beoaoK  of  the  Newnssi  and  remarkable  Saoceas  of  it,  and  becaoM  it  may  enooor. 
■  Vol.  IV.  '20 


^■ 


■i*  f'^  J^ 


'  i  ,h  'I 

"  -I  'r 


I  •^^  i^ 


.  * 


<A 


«  «• 


«     Jl 


if- 


306 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


good  Boys  he  may  See,  and  incourage  'em  to  accept  the  Generous 
offer  now  made  them,  vi"^  he  promised  to  do,  &  Return  as  Soon 
as  possible  &  that  without  horses — in  case  there  should  not  a 
Sufficient  number  go  now,  I  will  on  return  of  y«  Ind"  from  Hunt- 
age  such  a  Design  in  time  to  come,  I  suppose  it  may  not  be  disagreeable,  if  I  am 
a  little  particular  in  my  account  of  it:  While  I  was  in  Boston  they  passed  a  Vote 
to  this  purpose,  May  7,  1761,  '  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Wheelock  of  Lebanon  be  de. 
sired,  to  fit  out  David  Fowler,  an  Indian  Touth,  to  accompany  Mr.  Sampson 
Occom,  going  on  a  Mission  to  the  Oneidas,  that  said  David  be  supported  on  said 
Mission  for  a  Term  not  exceeding  4  Months ;  and  that  he  endeavour  on  his  Keturn 
to  bring  with  him  a  Number  of  Indian  Boys,  not  exceeding  three,  to  be  put  under 
Mr.  Wheelock't  Care  and  Instruction,  and  that  201.  be  put  into  Mr.  Wkeelock'i 
Hands  to  carry  this  Design  into  Execution;  and  that  when  said  Sum  shall  be  ex- 
pended, he  advise  the  Treasurer  of  it,  and  send  his  Accounts  for  Allowance.' 

"  PcRSCAMT  to  this  Vote  I  cloathed  and  Aimished  said  David  with  Horse  and 
Honey,  for  his  long  Tour  into  the  Wilderness,  which  he  set  out  on  June  10th,  in 
Company  with  Mr.  Occom,  by  the  Way  of  New-York}  in  which  Journey  he  rode 
above  a  thousand  Miles,  and  by  the  Advice,  Direction  and  Assistance  of  Sir  Wil> 
iiAH  Johnson,  obtained  three  Boys  of  the  Mohawk  NatioU;  who  were  willing  to 
leave  their  Friends  and  Country  and  come  among  Strangers  of  another  Language, 
and  quite  another  Manner  of  Living,  and  where,  perhaps,  no  one  of  their  Nation 
then  living  had  ever  been ;  and  among  a  People  of  whom  their  Nation  have  been 
of  a  long  Time  inclined  to  entertain  Jealousies.  Their  Names  were,  Joiepk, 
Ntgyes,  and  Center.  They  arrived  here  Augutt  1st,  1761,  but  had  so  much 
Caution  in  the  extraordinary  Enterprize,  that  they  brought  each  of  them  an  Horse 
from  their  own  Country.  Two  of  them  were  but  little  better  than  naked,  and 
could  not  speak  a  Word  of  English.  The  other  being  of  a  Family  of  Distinction 
among  them,  was  considerably  cloathed,  /ndtan-fashion,  and  could  speak  a  few 
words  of  English.  They  let  me  know,  as  soon  as  I  could  understand  them,  that 
Sir  Wx.  Johnson  had  told  them  they  should  return  and  visit  their  Friends  in  the 

Fall  of  the  Tear.    I  took  speedy  Care  to  cleanse  and  cloath  them. 

•  •  «  •  •  •  • 

"  Center's  Countenance,  as  I  thought  i^hen  he  came,  discovered  that  he  was 
not  in  Health.  My  Suspicions  increased,  and  the  Issue  proved  they  were  not 
groundless.  He  continued  with  me  till  the  Fall,  when  the  Physician  I  employed 
advised  me,  that  his  Disorders  threatned  his  Life,  and  prevailed  to  such  a  Degree 
that  he  looked  upon  him  to  be  incurable,  and  that  he  judged  it  best  to  send  him 
back  to  his  Friends,  and  that  soon,  or  it  would  be  too  late  to  send  him  at  all;  and 
according  to  this  Advice  I  sent  him  away  with  Negyes,  having  furnished  them 
with  Money  for  their  Journey  into  the  Mohawk  Country,  on  the  28d  Day  otOcto. 
ber.  Joseph  tarried  longer  to  accompany  young  Kirtland,  who  was  learning  the 
Mohawk  Language  of  him,  and  whom  I  sent  into  that  Country  to  obtain  six  Boyt 
of  those  Nations,  to  partake  of  the  Benefit  of  Sir  Peter  Warsen's  Legacy,  ac- 
cording to  the  Instructions  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Province  of  ilfotia- 
ehu*etts-Bay,  before  mentioned. 

"  Center  reached  home,  bat  died  soon  after.    Negyu,  I  hear,  was  captivated 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


307 


iog,  advise  them  To  Send  as  many  as  is  required  also  eni^^yonr 
to  Send  one  To  the  Bev<>  M'  Graves,"  whose  offer  (if  they  have 
my  common  Sence)  they  will  look  upon  in  the  iriendly  &  Gene- 
rous light  it  Deserves. 

As  I  am  very  much  hurried  at  present,  must  beg  leave  to 
nfer  you  t(>  Kirtland  for  any  perticulars  you  may  choose  to  be 
informed  of  as  I  had  a  good  deal  of  Conversation  with  him, 
f^iarding  the  Present  State  &  Disposition  of  the  Indians  in  seve- 

nU.  "  i 

,    I  wish  you  all  Success  in  it  undertaking        .^^ 

And  am  w^^  truth  &  Sincerity 

Reverend  Sir 

Your  most  obedient  .,,,,.  ;.  i.  «.. 

Humble  Servant,  v.  $  i >  L* 

Tlie  Reverend  Eleazer  Wheelock.  Wm.  Johnson   /:>..!? 

■♦.  ■' 


REV.  JACOB  OEL  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 


VMiCV 


// 


tti-/f  imn  15) 


iTiHt^ 


uyt  mein  hauss  febr.  de  S^*  A*  1762.   , 
To  the  honorable 

Sir  William 

Johnson. 

that  ij  reit  these  Letter  en  trouble  Tou  b^ 

these  y  be  forced  for  it :  the  Reason  is  because  ij  heard  yesterday 

in  the  Castle  that  the  Bostoniers  were  designed  to  erect  schools 

by  a  young  Female  and  married.  Ur.  Kirtland  And  Jo$^h  set  oat  (or  the  Mohawk 
Country  November  4th,  and  returned  November  27tb,  and  brought  two  Mohawk 
Lads  with  them,  vis.  Motes  and  Johannet,  by  whom  Sir  Wh.  Johnbom  informed 
me  that  he  expected  to  be  able  to  send  the  Rest  when  they  came  in  fVom  hunting. 
I  informed  the  Hon.  Commissioners  of  the  State  of  the  Case,  and  by  a  Letter 
from  the  Reverend  Dr.  GHAnMor,  Chairman  of  their  Committee,  in  the  Name  of 
the  rest,  was  desired  to  let  them  have  in  their  Pay  and  under  their  Direction  these 
two  who  came  last  with  Joseph,  which  I  consented  to,  provided  they  would  remit 
the  necessary  Charges  which  I  had  been  at  in  procuring  and  doathing  them,  and 
^re  me  as  I  afterwards  charged  them  for  their  Support  and  Tuition,  upon  which 
Conditions  they  took  them.  I  inunediately  sent  to  Shr  Wk.  Johnson  for  other 
■ix  to  partake  of  Sir  Pitkr  Wabrkn's  Legacy.  These  three,  viz.  Joseph,  Moses 
and  Johannes,  continued  with  me  in  the  Pay  of  the  Commissioners  till  jifay  27} 
1762." 

1  Rer.  Matthew  Qrayei,  Episcopal  minister  of  New  London,  CJonn.    ' '     O.'IVl 


»■  .«• 


-JMBfliK 


.i 


1 


.  I.-"^ 


808 


PAPEB8  RELATING  TO 


■•    { 


•'  * 


■J 

1  >  ' 


•i^     I 


in  eveiU  Castle  by  choosing  i^jt  two  Jung  boijs  for  to  be  send 
in  nieu  engelland  to  be  instructed  there  itnd  them  should  instruct 
the  others  in  proper  learning,  now  learning  is  good  en  is  most 
necessarij  amongs  the  haddens  that  cannot  be  contradicted  but 
ij  want  to  know  to  what  design  as  it  is  to  introduce  their  own 
Presb^texen  Church  than  can  it  not  be  allowed,  en  as  it  prejudice 
our  Church  en  Church  ceremonies,  en  is  not  a  greable  en  conform 
to  them  than  it  must  not  be  allowed  en  as  so  is  it  is  against  them  • 
but  as  het  design  is  with  that  pourpose  than  ij  have  nothing  to 
sajj  en  be  content  en  must  be  content  with  it.  now  Sir  ij  let  it  to 
your  Sirs  weisse  consideratie  en  he  shall  to  best  know  de  what  is 
in  these  matters,  en  let  my  be  ignorant  in  that  matter .  but  ij 
think  it  shall  not  be  taken  in  a  rang  sense  that  ij  reit  these 
things  to  your  Honour  then  ^  noem  freely  mine  beste  friend 
that  ij  have  here  en  can  trust  ij  want  yo«r  presence  en  to  tak 
freely  to  you  but  yesterday  en  now  is  not  occasie  for  it,  for  to 
hear  your  meaning  in  that  matter  as  it  is  for  the  prejudice  en 
rung  the  Church  ij  cannot  Consent  to  it.  en  ij  must  mantaine  en 
will  ntantain  the  Church,  of  our  Church,  so  lang  ^  can  en  wath 
is  in  mine  little  power  ^  shall  doe,  en  will  doe,  allways  ij  remain 
in  hast  your 

friend  en  well  wisher 

with  all  respect 
P.  S.  Ij  ^ope  en  think  Sir  Williams  en 
Tour  Ho'iour  shall  be  for  Q\ir.  9^u:roh^ 
Seithe    adjeu 

as  ij  can  have  an  Answer  thro  of 
by  few  lines  ij  shall  take  it 
fbi  a  great  Honour. 
(Addressed)    These  Letter  is  directed 
to  the  honorable 
Sir  Baronet  William 
Johnson  overseer 
over  thelndien 
affairs  en  present 
'.'^'^    ;    .  ,  iiowatt 

"       Cunad  Schoharrij 

*j.*  Mr.  Oel  wu  appointed  assistant  missionary  to  the  Mohawk  Iqdiuil  in 
1760.    He  oontiniMd  to  act  In  that  oapadtjr  down  to  the  rerolation.— ft>. 


en  humble  Servant 
jOHir  Ja(pob  Osl. 


THE  ■DC  NATIOm. 


809 


GENi*  AMHERST  TO  COL.  BRADSTREET. 

nS8T  PRESBYTERIAN  CONGREGATION  IN  ALBANY. 

New  York  7  March  1761 


IT 


Sir 


4"         '  ■'* 


1    ■.'J.-. ..  .< ' 


K;.( 


.  >l 


4  . 


I   _■  ■^>» 


..■■!; 


1  ^  >''■:.,■'  >^'V  v-.],':^ 


Nothing  can  be  more  agreeable  to  me  than  to  Orant  any 
Religious  Community  such  priviledges  as  are  in  my  power ;  And, 
astheForrage  house  near  the  Main  Guard  is  not  at  present 
wanted,  you  will,  agreable  to  the  Request  of  the  Presbyterian 
CoDgr^ation,  Acquaint  them*,  they  have  my  Leave  to  make  use 
of  the  said  House  for  their  pla^  of  worship. 
I  am,  Sir, 

your  most  Obedient  Servant,  i 

Jbfp:  Amherst^  i 

Colonel  Bradstreet,  ,,  m>  ' 

D.  Q.  M.  6.  Albany  . .  .,i  >r>-tu.y  ,Na,<  ii  ynxh  -tma^ 


r^ 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  MR.  BARCUT. 


Sir 


HiihKi 


Fort  Johnson,  Maioh  13^  1762. 


Tour  &vor  of  thd  12<i>  ultintio.  I  have  received,  as  I  did 
sometime  ago  your  answer  concerning  the  land  transmitted  by 
tiie  Lieut  Governor,  and  cannot  but  consider  your  proposal  as 

very  reasonable.        -tor  ».ifw^.-« 


The  experience  which  I  have  had  of  your  good  character 
would  effectually  discredit  any  aspertions  which  might  be  cast 
upon  you. 

I  shall  at  all  times  pay  a  due  regard  to  merit,  and  your 
recommendation,  and  therefore  cannot  but  approve  of  Mr. 
Bemiet  for  his  zeal  to  promote  the  interest  of  Religion,  where 
it  is  so  much  wanted,  but  at  the  same  time  I  must  observe  thai 
itis  not  in  my  power  to  do  more  than  countenance  so  pious  an 


-■««■ 


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PAPERS  RXXATIirO  TO 


undertaking  as  there  is  no  allowance  for  that  service,  except 
what  is  made  to  Mr.  Ogilvie  who  In  my  opinion  should,  and  I 
maice  no  doubt  will  be  readily  induced  to  consider  the  Gentle- 
man's services.  I  am,  &o. 
The  Rev<i.  M'.  Barclay.  ^ 


T^ 


,..         REV.  DAVID  ZISBERGER  TO  MR.  PETERS. 

Philadelphia  5**>  april  1762 
Mr.  Peters 

I  am  to  inform  you  that  I  was  obliged  to  take  an  Indian 

Guide  to  shew  me  the  way  to  Wyomink  as  the  whole  country 

was  covered  with  snow  and  the  weather  the  severest  I  ever 

knew  I  agreed  to  give  him  three  Pounds  for  himself  and  his 

horse  and  to  find  provisions  for  him,  w»i>  with  other  Expences 

hath  cost  me  five  Pounds  this  Journey  and  I  hope  you  will  not 

think  five  pounds  too  much  for  my  trouble  considering  how 

many  days  it  hath  taken  up  and  what  danger  I  have  been  in  I  am 

Sir 

Tour  most  liumble  servant         " 

'  David  Zisberger 

Rece'd  ten  pounds  for  my  Journey  with  S'.  W«».  Johnsons 

Letter  to  Teedyuscung  at  Wyomink  &  and  bringing  his  answer  to 

Philadelphia 

April  5*  1762.  •  ^^-^         ■  •'     David  Zisbeegeb. 

.f  «*  See  Loflkiel's  Hist,  of  the  Moravian  Missions,  part  ii.  197,  for  some  parti- 
calars  of  this  visit.  A  sketch  of  Zeisberger's  life  will  be  found  in  Allen's  Blog. 
Diet.— Ed. 

EDWARD  JOHNSON,  SCHOOL  MASTER  AT  TUSCARORA,  TO 

SIR  W.  JOHNSON. 

Tuscarora  Castle  April  y*  lO^^"  1762 
Most  Worth  S'. 

Yours  I  received  on  the  12  of  March  Date  Jan^y  30U>  and 

Indeed  Sr  I  thank  you  very  kindly  for  the  many  favours  your 

honour  has  Been  pleased  to  bestow  on  me  But  In  Deed  S'  much 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


811 


more  so  for  your  last  S'.  It  hapens  so  that  I  Cant  at  this  time 
Come  my  Self  and  thefore  must  rey  on  your  own  Goodness  : 
but  I  have  sent  by  as  trusty  a  hand  I  tGlnclc  as  any  I  Could  Geet 
lor  indeed  he  seems  to  be  the  truest  to  me  of  any  of  them 
and  he  is  a  Christian  if  there  is  one  any  where  amongst  them : 
Sr.  I  owe  to  the  value  of  tliree  pounds  wliich  I  have  taken  up 
giuce  I  begun  to  teach  these  people :  &nd  I  have  had  no 
opertunity  of  Earning  any  thing  for  myself  for  these  people 
will  give  nothing.  St^  I  tell  your  honor  of  all  that  has  hapened 
me.  There  is  'here  two  sorts  people  the  one  is  for  the  religion 
and  the  other  is  not  and  that  Party  is  allways  striving  to  hurt 
me  by  words  and  some  times  allmost  to  the  taking  of  my  lifb  but 
with  the  help  of  God  I  stand  it  though  with  Great  Difficulty 
and  Danger.  S'l  have  been  at  onidia  and  had  there  18  Scholars 
and  I  have  teached  so  long  that  the  are  Come  to  4  Shurly  s'. 
you  know  as  well  as  I  that  at  this  Time  of  the  year  the  are 
scattered  Every  where,  but  I  believe  when  the  minister  Comes 
there  will  be  a  Great  many  more  that  will  Learn  our  tongue,  but 
S'  there  has  been  here  at  onidia  som  o  the  other  sort  of  people 
which  told  them  that  the  English  wanted  these  to  take  up  with 
our  religion  and  then  the  land  will  be  all  theirs  But  I  have  told  to 
the  Contrary  and  tell  them  that  it  [is]  for  the  Good  of  their  Souls 
that  the  English  wants  to  learn  them  and  not  for  lands  for  they 
have  land  Enough  I  Beg  S'  your  honour  will  Give  no  heed  to  &ls 
storeys  for  the  bearer  of  this  will  [convince]  you  to  your  own 
satisfaction. 

Sr  Pray  pardon  me  for  being  to  tedious  if  yot*  v  honour  Pleaseth 
to  send :  if  you  Pleas  to  send  it  by  the  bearer  Isaac  or  his 
father  and  one  line  to  let  me  know  what  and  How  much  S' 
Powder  is  very  scears  and  Provision  not  very  Pleanty  if  you 
Pleas  to  answer  this  S'  I  rest  Myself  your  humble  Servant 

Edward  Johnson 

Si"  The  Scholers  are  Gone  to  huntuig  and  I  am  Gowing  to 
Isaacs  hous  at  Connosomothdian  where  I  believe  I  shall  stay  till 
he  Comes  back  a  Gam. 


jTiiftoU  inUi 


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312. 


PAPEM   RKLATING  TO 


ISAAC  THE  INDIAN  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 


Tuscarora  Castle  At>rll  y*  10«»  1752 
Worthy  S' 

this  Day  Isaac  spoake  to  me  to  write  To  your  honour  Concern 
ing  the  Christian  religion  As  he  himself  told  you :  and  as  you 
told  him  :  when  He  was  last  at  your  house  Brother :  Sais  he  :  I 
am  now  in  the  very  same  mipd  that  I  was  when  you  Saw  me 
Last  and  I  Do  intend  to  keep  this  same  rode  as  Long  as  God  shall 
Give  me  life  and  breath  that  is  with  his  assistance  :  Brother  Just 
before  the  Minister  Came  here  the  last  Sumer  I  was  moued  off 
from  this  town  Something  more  than  half  way  to  Connoquaga  to 
a  Place  Called  Connosomothdian  Where  I  have  remaind  till  now. 
and  some  few  Days  a  Gow  the  Came  tome  from  Each  Castle  and 
Desired  me  that  I  should  Either  Come  back  or  Els  Gow  fororards 
to  Either  of  these  two  Castles  on  the  Count  of  Settleing  of 
affars.  but  knowing  the  Disposion  of  both  In  short  I  Dont  like 
Eitlier  the  told  me  by  a  belt  of  Wampom  the  town  and  people 
was  mine  To  Do  as  I  thought  proper  and  I  think  It  would  be  best 
for  them  both  to  Come  to  me  as  there  is  good  land  Every  thing 
Pleanty  there  and  nothing  is  Plenty  where  the  now  are  but  rum 
and  the  all  know  that  I  have  Done  with  that  with  the  help  of 
God.  Now  Brother  I  want  your  advice  in  this  and  I  shall  here 
what  yon  Say  In  this  case,  the  say  also  it  is  very  hard  that  I 
Dont  mind  them  and  their  ways.  S'  I  think  If  I  may  Speak  one 
word  that  as  there  is  a  Division  amongst  themselves  it  would  be 
proper  for  them  that  follow  the  Christian  religion  to  Uve  by 
themselves. 

-  S'  Concerning  the  Stories  that  your  honour  has  hard  of  me  if 
you  pleas  to  ask  this  man  and  he  can  teU  you  Whetre  it  be  true 
or  not  this  from  your  Loving  Brother. 

Isaac 
<'i  piJH-  and  from  your  humble  Servant 

........  X'.  Edward  Jobnson. 

Sarah  the  wife  of  Isaac  Gives  her  kind  love  to  your  honour 
And  Desires  the  favour  of  a  little  Chocolate  if  you  please. 
And  She  remains  your  most  Loving  Sister  till  Death 
^      V,  Sarah  Isaac 


THKfIX  MATIOm. 


818 


<• 


-'    m 


REV.  MR  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON.      .. 

Lebanon  20^  Aug*  1762. 
Hon^  Sir. 

Tours  by  David,  with  three  Boys,  came  Safe  on  Wednesday 
Evenin;^  after  he  left  you.  The  two  Smaller  of  the  Ladds  seem 
well  contented,  love  their  Book,  and  make  good  Proficiency  ;  the 
other  seems  not  to  have  a  Genius  for  Leirning,  and  is  desirous  to 
return.  Joseph  and  the  other  two  are  also  well,  and  behave 
very  well 

David  informs  me  that  the  Youth  of  whom  I  wrote  you,  and 
for  whom  I  sent  him,  viz  George  Haxton  was  imployed  at  tha 
Royal  Block  House  at  Onoyada  Lake  by  one  R(^gens  a 
Trader  who  lives  at  Fort  Stanwick,  and  that  M'  Occom  informed 
him,  that  the  youth  was  inclined  to  Come  but  his  obligations  to 
Reggens,  and  Reggens'  violent  opposition  to  it  forbad  him  for  the 
present,  And  that  the  Youth  appears  likely  to  answer  our  pur- 
pose, your  Hon'  is  most  likely  to  know,  and  best  abel  of  any 
man  to  Judge  in  the  affair.  Will  you  please,  sir,  to  make  the 
Enquiry,  and  if  you  think  favourably  of  my  beingattheExpence 
of  fitting  him  for  Interpreter  or  Missionary,  be  Instrumental  to 
his  coming  hither  for  that  Purpose. 

In  a  letter  I  wrote  you  last  Fall  I  proposed  that  if  way  could 
be  made  for  setting  up  of  this  School  in  some  convenient  Place, 
And  the  Settlement  of  tliree  or  four  Towps  round  about  it,  I 
would  remove  with  it,  and  bring  Several  Ministers  with  me  of 
the  best  Character  and  take  Care  to  people  the  Place  with  In- 
habitants of  known  Honesty,  Integrity,  and  such  as  Love  Indians, 
&  will  seek  their  Interest,  but  whether  the  Letter  reached  you 
or  not  I  never  heard,  or  whether  you  thought  it  any  more  than  a 
sudden  indigested  thought  I  cant  tell,  however  I  should  be  very 
glad  to  hear  if  there  be  any  Probability  that  such  a  Design  may 
be  Effected  ;  If  your  Hon'  can  find  Leisure  enough  amidst  your 
weighty  affairs  to  gratify  me  in  the  things  wliich  I  have  assumed 
the  Boldness  to  request  of  you,  you  will  Greatly  oblige  me  and 
I  hope  the  Nature  of  the  affair  and  the  assurances  your  Hon' has 


.    ! 


•  >i 


♦  '; 


r  f  >:■ 


■-*        • 


.i: 


I. 


U4 


PAPBBl  RBLATUfO  TO 


Aim 


'»!* 


V    J*, 


given  me  of  your  Friendship  towards  it  wiil  be  esteemed  a  suffi 
cient  excuse  for  me  and  tliat  your  Hon'  will  l)elieve  that  I  am  with 
the  most  sincere  Respect 

your  most  Ol)ed^  and  most  Humi>i*  Serv> 

Elkazah  Wheilock. 
Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet. 


REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  September  8^  1762 
Sir, 

Your  Honour  has  no  doubt  been  informed  of  a  Legacy 
of  Sir  Peter  Warren  of  about  Seven  hundred  and  fifty  Pounds 
Sterling,  left  in  the  hands  of  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay,  it  being  the  Sum  due  to  him  from  that  Province,  as  his 
Commissions  ibr  their  pay  from  the  Crown  for  taking  Cape 
Breton  some  Years  ago,  and  which  he  gave  to  be  by  them 
improved  at  Six  p'  Cent  for  the  Education  of  the  youth  of  the 
Six  J^ations.  It  has  Iain  unimproved  until  last  Fall,  when  I  was 
in  Boston,  I  was  informed  of  it,  and  preferred  a  Memorial  to 
the  General  Assembly  there,  and  prayed  for  the  use  of  it  in  this 
Scliool,  in  answer  to  which  they  Voted  as  you  have  seen,  that  I 
should  be  allowed  for  the  support  of  Six  Youth  of  the  Six  Nations, 
Twelve  pounds  lawful  money  for  each,  for  one  year,  and 
accordingly  I  have  now  obtained  the  Boys,  and  they  are  under 
the  best  advantages  if  they  have  but  the  Wisdom  to  improve 
them. 

But  there  is  since  in  and  about  Boston  a  Society  incorporated 
for  Indian  Affairs,  which  includes  all  the  Scotish  Commissioners, 
many  more  to  the  Number  of  E^hty,  and  they  have  lately 
found  out,  as  I  understand  by  Doc'  Chauncy,  that  the  method 
I  am  taking  is  not  the  best  way  to  promote  Religion  md  Learning 
among  the  Six  J^ations^  but  a  much  likelier  one  is,  by  setting 
up  English  Schools  among  them,  the  Children  to  live  with  their 
Parents,  and  attend  upon  the  School,  their  Parents  to  Support 
them  &c,  and  that  they  design  to  apply  for  the  use  of  said 


wi'S^i  i.'i;    : 


THE  SIX  NATIOn. 


815 


Legacy  tor  that  purpose,  and  let  these  Boys  go  where  ihey  will, 
but  considering  the  insucoesefulness  of  schools  set  up  thus 
among  the  little  Tribes  in  these  parts  through  their  want  of 
s  due  esteem  of,  and  desire  for  Learning,  their  savage  roving 
disposition,  their  want  of  Government  amongst  themselves,  their 
Poverty,  their  proueness  to  imbibe  prejudices  against  English 
masters,  especially  on  aoco*  of  a  good  and  necessary  Oovem- 
ment  &c  by  which  means  they  dont  get  so  much  Learning  in  seven 
years  as  they  do  in  this  School  in  One,  and  that  notwithstanding 
their  Parents  keep  much  at  home,  not  having  dependance  upon 
hunting  for  their  support  &o. .  Gentlemen  here  are  generally, if  not 
universally  of  Opinion  that  this  method  is  by  far  preferable  at 
least  for  the  present  till  a  Number  of  their  own  sons  are  fitted 
for  School  Masters,  kc. 

Your  Honour  best  of  any  man  knows  what  methods  have  the 
greatest  Probability  of  Success  among  the  Six  Nations,  and  if 
you  think  with  me  that  it  is  best  to  continue  these  Boys  as  they 
are,  and  will  please  to  write  your  Mind  to  Govern'  Bernard  with 
the  Reasons  of  it,  I  doubt  npt  but  as  it  is  generally  understood 
that  your  Uncle  designed  a  Testimony  of  his  Respect  to  you  in 
that  Donation,  so  that  Assembly  will  likely  lay  great  Weight 
upon  what  you  sliall  write,  and  if  your  Honour  wiU  please  to 
inclose  it  to  me  I  can  send  it  direct  by  the  Post. 

And  if  it  were  not  too  great  boldness  I  would  ask  the  &vour 
to  know  the  substance  of  what  you  write,  it  may  be  of  some 
advantage  to  me. 

I  want  also  to  know  whether  your  Honour  thinks  it  likely 
that  this  School  may  after  a  while  be  set  up  in  some  convenient 
place  near  you  accommodated  with  three  or  four  Towns  of 
well  chosen  Inhabitants.  I  understand  that  some  of  our  People 
are  about  to  settle  our  new  Purchase  on  Susquahannah  River, 
if  it  does  not  disoblige  and  prejudice  the  Indians  I  shall  be  glad, 
and  it  may  be  if  that  settlement  should  go  on  a  Door  may  open 
for  my  Design  on  that  Purchase,  but  your  Honour  has  full 
understanding  of  the  afifair,  and  interested  therein,  and  I  can 
rely  with  greater  Safety  on  your  Judgment  and  Counsel  than 
any  other  mans. 

......  .    •  ^.M-i 


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■*  *•/ 


316 


PAPIBS  RELATINO  TO 


.ii  Joseph  and  the  rest  of  the  Boys  are  well,  studious  and  diligent. 
I  hope  you  have  received  a  Line  I  sent  you  a  few  weeks  ago 
and  that  you  will  be  able  to  send  me  the  English  Youth  of 
whom  I  wrote  if  you  esteem  him  likely  and  suitable  for  the 
Purpose. 

I  pray  your  Honour  to  excuse  the  Trouble  I  so  often  give 
you,  and  believe  that  I  am 

With  Sincere  Respect 
P.  S.  Being  yet  weak  after  a      Tour  Honours 
fit  of  sickness  I  am  obliged  Most  obedient  and  most 

to  write  you  by  the  hand  humble  servant      '^''* 

of  my  Pupil.  Eleazek  Wheelock 

Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet 


Si!' 


i,i. 


7U.. 


ii*i  ■ 


Sir 


REVD.  DR.  POMROY  TO  SIR  WILLUM  JOHNSON. 

Hebron  Septembr  Q^  1762. 


The  Fame  of  your  Humanity,  &  Benevolence  in  general; 
and  especially,  what,  I  have  more,  lately  heard  by  Mr.  Wheelock, 
of  your  forwardness  to  encourage  the  Indian  School,  under  his 
care  emboldens  me  to  trouble  your  Hon'  with  a  Line,  or  two,  hi 
Favor  of  that  truly  noble,  &  charitable  Design — and  as  I  am 
perswaded,  you  will  rejoice  at  an  opportunity  to  do  good  to  your 
felbw-men,  advance  the  Interest  of  Christ^  Kingdom  among  the 
Heathen  Nations,  and  more  firmly  attach  them  to  the  Crown  of 
great  Brittain;  and  as  I  am  somewhat  concerned,  in  the 
Important  affair  of  s*'  school,  so  I  wo'd  now  earnestly  bespeak 
your  Patronage  of  it ;  not  Doubting  but  that  you  will  be  able, 
in  various  ways  to  subserve  the  truely  generous  Design. 

M'  Wheelock,  having  acted  hitherto  very  much  alone,  in  the 
Important  Business,  and  his  true  character  not  very  universally 
known  ;  It  appears  reasonable,  those  who  encourage  him  in  it, 
sho'd  have  some  proper  testimonials  of  his  qualification  for  it, 
I. therefore  now  take  the  freedom  to  transmit  to  you  Inclosed  in 
this;  a  Goppy  of  a  Letter  of  ReoommendatioD,  sent  to  Mr. 


II  ■. 


■v''^ 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


317 


Debert,  Merchant  In  London ;  The  perusal,  whereof  may  possibly 
give  you  all  the  satisfaction,  at  ^tresent  necessary,  and  excuse 
from  troubling  you  any  further,  Him,  who  is,  with  the  utmost 
Respect  <; 

Your  Honour's  most  sincere,  most  obedient,  and  very  Hum'*  ser»* 

Benjamin  Pomboy.  ii 
To  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet. 


:f»l^^iji 


*,*  Rev.  Dr.  Pomroj;,  brother-in-law  of  the  Rev.Eleazer  Wheelock,  graduated 
at  Tale  in  1788,  and  was  ordained  in  1786.  He  served  as  a  Chaplain  in  the  French 
and  Revolutionary  wars,  and  died  at  Hebron,  Dec,  1784,  aged  80  years.  He  is 
represented  as  one  of  the  best  preachers  of  his  day. — Allen. 


L^Bnelonire  In  Dr  Pomroy's  letter.]  « I 

Chilsea  in  Norwich  July  lOt**  1762  '* 
Sir,  - 

We  Ministers  of  the  Gospel,  and  Pastorbof  Churches,  hereafter 
mentioned  with  our  Names,  having  for  a  number  of  years  past 
heard  of,  or  seen  with  pleasure  the  Zeal,  Courage,  and  firm 
Resolution  of  the  Rev^  Eleazar  Wheelock  of  Lebanon  to  prose- 
cate  to  Effect,  a  Design  of  spreading  the  Gospel  among  the 
Natives  in  the  Wilds  of  our  America,  and  especially  his  Perse- 
verance in  it  amidst  the  many  peculiar  Discouragements  he  had 
to  encounter  during  the  late  years  of  the  War  here,  and  upon  a 
Plan  which  appears  to  us  to  have  the  greatest  probability  of 
Success  Viz,  by  the  Mission  of  their  own  Sons  ;  and  as  wei  are 
verily  persuaded  that  the  smiles  of  divine  Providence  upon  his 
School,  and  the  Success  of  his  endeavours  hitherto,  justly  may 
and  ought  to  encourage  him,  and  all,  to  believe  it  to  be  of  God, 
and  that  which  he  will  own  and  succeed  for  the  glory  of  his  own 
great  Name  in  the  Enlargement  of  the  Kingdom  of  our  divine 
Redeemer,  as  well  as  for  the  great  Benefit  of  the  Crown  of  Great 
Britain,  and  especially  of  his  Majestys  Dominions  in  America, 
so  we  apprehend  the  present  openings  in  Providence  ought  to 
invite  Christians  of  every  Denomination  to  Unite  their  Endeavours 
and  lend  a  helping  hand  in  carrying  on  the  charitable  design,  and 
we  are  Iieartily  sorry  if  Party  Spirit  and  Party  differences  shall 
at  all  obstruct  the  Progress  of  it,  or  the  old  Leaven  in  this  Land 
ferment  upon  this  Occasion,  and  give  a  watchful  adversary  Oppor- 


.  If 


318 


PAPERS   RCLATII^G  TO 


«,>>» .( 


,•  J 


tunity  so  to  turn  the  course  of  Endeavours  into  another  Channel 
as  to  defeat  the  design  of  spreading  the  Gk)8pel  among  the 
Heathen,  to  prevent  which,  and  encourage  Unanimity,  and  Zeal 
in  prosecuting  the  design,  we  look  upon  it  our  Duty  as  Christians 
and  especially  as  Ministers  of  the  Gospel  to  give  our  Testimony 
that  as  we  verily  believe,  a  disinterested  Regard  to  the  Advance- 
ment of  the  Redeemer's  Kingdom,  and  the  Good  of  his  Majesty's 
Dominions  in  America  were  the  governing  Motives  which  at  first 
induced  the  Rev<>  M'  Wheelock  to  enter  upon  the  great  affair, 
and  to  risk  his  own  private  Interest  as  he  has  done  since  in 
carrying  it  on,  so  we  esteem  his  Plan  to  be  good,  his  Measures 
prudently  and  well  concerted,  his  Endowments  peculiar,  his  Zeal 
fervent,  his  Endeavours  inde&tigable  for  the  accomplishing  this 
design,  and  we  know  no  Man  likeminded  who  will  naturally 
care  for  the  State.  May  God  prolong  his  Life,  and  make  him 
extensively  useful  in  the  Kingdom  of  Clirist.  We  have  also 
some  of  us  at  his  desire  examined  his  Accompts,  and  find  that 
beside  giving  in  all  his  own  Labour  and  trouble  in  the  Al^,he 
has  charged  for  the  Support,  Schooling  &c»  of  the  Touth  at  the 
lowest  rate  it  could  be  done  for,  as  the  price  of  things  have 
been,  and  still  is  amongst  us,  and  we  apprehend  the  generous 
Donations  already  made,  have  been,  and  we  are  confident  will  be 
laid  out  in  the  most  prudent  manner,  and  with  the  best  advice 
for  the  furthering  of  the  important  Design,  and  we  pray  God 
abundantly  to  reward  the  liberality  of  any  upon  this  occasion, 
and  we  hope  the  Generosity,  especially  of  Persons  of  distinction 
and  Note  will  be  a  happy  lead  and  inducement  to  still  greater 
liberalities,  and  in  Consequence  thereof,  the  wide  extended  Wil- 
derness of  America  will  blossom  as  the  Rose,  habitations  of 
Cruelty  become  dwelling  places  of  Righteousness,  and  the  bless- 
ings of  Thousands  ready  to  perish  come  upon  all  those,  whose 
Love  to  Christ  and  Charity  to  them  has  been  shown  upon  this 
Occasion  which  is  the  hearty  Prayer  of 

Sir 
Tour  most  sincere  Friends  and 
humble  Servants 
.  Ebenezer  Rossiter,       Pastor  of  the  first  Chh  in  StoningtoL 
Joseph  Fish,       Pastor  of  the  Second  Chh  In  Stonington 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


319 


Nathaniel  Whitaker,  Pastor  of  the  Church  at  Ghilsea.  iu 
Norwich 
Benjamin  Pomroy,       Pastor  of  the  first  Church  in  Hebron 
Elijah  Lathrop,       Pastor  of  the  Church  at  Gilead  in  Hebron 
Nathaniel  Eells,        Pastor  of  a  Church  in  Stonington 
Mather  Byles,        Pastor  of  the  first  Chh  in  New  London 
Jonathan  Barber,        Pastor  of  a  Chh  in  Groton 
Matthew  Graves,        Missionary  at  New  London 
Peter  Powers,    Pastor  of  the  Church  at  Newent  in  Norwich 
Daniel  Kirtland,  former  Pastor  of  the  Chh  at  Newent  in 
Norwich 
Asher  Rossiter,       Pastor  of  the  first  Church  in  Presson 
'Jabez  Wight,        Pastor  of  the  fourth  Chh  in  Norwich 
David  Jewett,        Pastor  of  the  second  Chh  in  New  London    ' 
Benjamin  Throop,        Pastor  of  a  Church  in  Norwich 
Samuel  Mosely,        Pastor  of  a  Church  in  Windham  ' 

Stephen  White,        Pastor  of  a  Church  in  Windham 
Richard  Salter,        Pastor  of  a  Church  in  Mansfield  ' 

Timothy  Allen,        Pastor  of  the  Church  at  Ashford        '  \ 
Ephraira  Little,        Pastor  of  the  first  Chh  in  Colchester 
Hobart  Eastabrook,        Pastor  of  a  Chh  in  East  haddam 
Joseph  Fowler,        Pastor  of  a  Chh  in  East  haddam 
Benjamin  Boardman,  Pastor  of  the  4^**  Chh  of  Christ  in  Mid- 
dletown 
John  Norton,    Pastor  of  the  6">  Chh  of  Christ  in  Middletown 
Benjamin  Dunning,  Pastor  of  a   Chh  of  Christ  in  Marl- 
borough 

The  abo\  e  and  foregoing  is  a  True  Copy  of  the  Original 
examined  by  us. 

Samuel  Gray 

Samuel  Kirtland 


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PAPIB8  BELATING  TO 


Sm  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  DR.  POMROY. 

Johnson  Hall  October  16ti>  1762 
Sir 

The  other  day  I  was  favoured  with  yours  of  the  Q^  vtlV  toge- 
ther with  a  Letter  of  Recommendation  sent  to  M'  Debert  in 
London. 

I  shall  be  always  ready  to  do  any  thing  in  my  power  for  the 
public  good  and  the  promoting  knowledge  and  instruction  amongst 
the  Indians,  and  am  very  glad  to  find  a  Gentleman  of  your  pious 
sentiments  and  abilities  is  in  some  measure  concerned  in  the 
School  with  M*^  Wheelock  concerning  whom  I  have  always  enter- 
tained the  most  favourable  Sentiments,  and  therefore  have  not 
the  least  doubt  of  his  Qualifications  for  the  discharge  of  that 
Trust. 

The  testimonials  in  his  behalf  which  you  transmitted,  deserve 
all  due  regard,  and  shall  be  considered  by  me  as  proofs  of  ^^ 
Esteem  which  is  paid  to  his  Character. 

I  shall  at  all  times  be  glad  to  promote  so  useful  a  design  and 
heartily  wish  you  success  in  your  undertakings. 

I  am  Sir 
Your  well  wisher 
and  Humble  Servant 
,   The  Rev*  M'  Pomroy.  Wm.  Johnson. 


SIR  W.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK. 

Johnson  HaU  Oct' 16«>  1762 
Sir 

I  have  been  favoured  with  yours  of  the  8*i»  ult<»,  and  agree 

with  you  in  opinion  that  the  Indian  Children  will  not  improve  in 

their  Studys  near  so  much  from  the  method  proposed  of  Erecting 

Schools  in  their  Nations,  as  they  would  do  according  to  your 

plan  of  Education,  whereby  they  are  kept  out  of  the  way  of  & 

uninfluenced  by  bad  Example,  but  notwithstanding  these  my 

sentiments  on  that  head  I  should  not  chuse  to  interfere  therein 


,*'  111 


•;' .^  i 


THE  SIX  INniAMS. 


SBl 


as  those  Oentlemen  cannot  but  observe  on  due  consideration  the 
advantages  which  the  one  plan  ha^b  in  preference  to  the  other  r 

Whilst  the  Indians  remain  in  ttleir  present  Sentiments  it  will 
be  highly  improper  to  attempt  any  Settlement  in  tiieir  Country 
as  they  are  greatly  disgusted  at  the  great  Thirst  which  we  all 
seem  to  shew  for  their  Lands,  and  therefore  I  must  give  it  as 
my  opinion  that  any  Settlement  on  tiie  Susquehanna  River  may 
prove  fiital  to  those  who  should  attempt  to  Establish  themselves 
thereon,  as  the  Indians  have  all  declared  not  only  their  great 
aversion  thereto,  but  have  also  threatned  to  prevent  any  such 
Settlement,  so  that  I  hope  the  dangers  to  which  they  may  be 
Exposed,  together  with  your  Governor's  proclamation  against 
the  same,  will  induce  those  concerned  to  drop  their  undertaking. 

When  I  can  find  out  the  English  youth  you  mention,  I  shall 
endeavour  to  comply  witii  your  request  if  I  find  he  will  answer' 
pur  purpose.  I  am  glad  to  hear  that  the  Boys  prosecute  their 
studies  with  diligence  and  hope  you  haveperfectly  recovered  oi 
your  late  indisposition,  as  I  am  '^'^^* 

Sir 
Your  well  wisher  and  very  humble     '^ 

Servant  ,.  / 

The  Rev<i  M'  Wheelock  Wm.  Johkson. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  DR.  BARCLAY, 

aSSPECTING  A   NEW   EDITION  OF  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK.    ,;v> 

Johnson  Hall  Ocl^  16«ii  1762 

Dear  Sir  -  ^ 

When  I  was  last  at  New  York  I  acquainted  you  with  my  design 
of  having  a  new  Edition  of  the  Indian  Prayer  Book  printed  of 
vhich  you  were  pleased  to  undertake  the  inspection. 

I  now  therefore  herewith  transmit  you  the  old  Edition,  which 
IS  it  wanted  the  Singing  Psalms,  I  therefore  send  you  such  of 
them  in  Manuscript  as  I  have  been  able  to  procure,  together  with 
the  Communion  Service,  &  Public  Baptism  of  Infants  &c.  which 
they  would  be  desirous  to  have  inserted,  as  also  some  Prayers  of 

Vol.  IV.  21 


J   v« 


4.  . 


*  ■  ■•! 

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1 

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822 


APERS  RELATING   TO 


the  propriety  of  which  you  are  the  most  proper  Judge,  you  will 
therefore  please  to  do  therein  as  you  shall  Judge  best 

You  will  please  to  direct  that  there  be  printed  400  Setts  on  a 
better  type,  and  paper  than  that  of  the  Former  and  as  the  Square 
Figure  of  that  Edition  rendered  it  somewhat  inconvenient  the 
present  may  make  a  handsome  small  Octavo. 

In  order  to  bestow  on  principal  People,  I  would  chuse  to  have 
2)  Setts  out  of  the  beforementioned  400  printed  on  a  fine  Paper 
&  type  and  neatly  bound,  Lettered  on  the  back  and  gilt,  of  two 
Setts  of  which  I  must  beg  your  acceptance,  &  that  you  will  make 
any  alterations  or  additions  which  you  may  think  necessary 
thro'out  the  work  ordering  the  same  to  be  bound  in  such  manner 
ju  you  shall  judge  most  fitting. 

I  am  convinced  you  will  have  particular  pleasure  in  taking 
under  your  inspection  a  performance  calculated  for  the  instruc- 
tion of  the  ignorant,  &  the  promoting  of  Christianity' which  with 
my  experience  of  your  abilities  are  the  principal  inducem^  to 
offer  you  this  trouble  by  recommending  the  whole  to  your  care. 

lam, 

The  Bey<>  D'  Barclay  with  Sincerity,  Bear  Sir,  &c. 


.&mim^*i  *fe;rf  ■ 


u:  i 


EEVD  M»  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  W  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  20t»»  Jan''  A  D  1763. 
Sir 

The  inclosed  from  M'  Charles  Jeffery  Smith*  is  not  the  Fruit 

of  an  Enthusiastic  turn  of  Mind  or  any  Freak  of  a  heated  Imagi- 

1  Key.  C.  J.  Smith  was  a  descendant  of  Col.  William  Smith  of  St.  George's 
Manor,  L.  I.  It  is  sormised  that  his  father  was  Henry  S.,  who  died  in  1747. 
He  was  ordained  at  Lebanon  in  June,  1768,  and  was  ordered  to  proceed  to  Ono. 
hogbqnage  as  a  missionary,  but  he  had  not  time  to  effect  much  good  in  that 
quarter,  as  his  labors  were  interrupted  by  the  Pontiac  war.  He  returned  in 
consequence,  and  went  to  Brookhaven  where  ho  resided  in  1766.  He  afterwardi 
itinerated  in  the  south  and  was  very  successful  as  a  preacher  among  the  colored 
population  of  Ylrghiia,    He  devoted  much  of  his  means  to  charitable  porpoies. 

9i>. 


It 


.ti  .^j« 


TH£  SIX   NATIONS,  n 


323 


nation,  Jbnt  the  Result  of  much  Deliberation  &  good  Advice ; 
tnd  your  Hon'  may  depend  upon  It  as  such. 

He  is  a  young  Gentleman  of  about  22  years  of  age.  He 
received  the  Honours  of  our  College  five  years  ago ;  and  has 
obtained  a  good  and  unblemished  Character.  He  had  the  offer 
of  the  Place  and  Office  of  a  Tutor  in  our  College  last  Fall  but 
lefiised  it  for  the  sake  of  teaching  tliis  Indian  School  gratis.  He 
is  the  only  son  of  his  Father,  who  lived  at  Brook  EEaven  on 
Long  Island,  and  there  died  about  15  years  ^o.  And  the  estate 
left  to  this  young  Gentleman,  he  supposes  to  be  sufficient  to 
support  himself  and  an  Interpreter  in  the  Business  of  a  Mission- 
ary among  the  Indians,  to  which  Purpose  he  seems  inclined  to 
devote  it.  I  esteem  Mm  renhurkably  turn'd  for  that  Business. 
And  make  no  doubt  your  Hon^^  will  have  much  satisfaction  in 
him  when  jou  shall  have  opportunity  to.  know  his  worth  by 
personal  acquaintance  with  him  ;  for  I  think  you  will  find  the 
amiable  Characters  of  a  Gentleman,  a  Scholar,  and  a  Christian 
very  agreably  meeting  in  him. 

And  the  poor  Heathen  will  not  have  occasion  to  object  against 
him  as  they  have  done  against  some  <^  that  he  loves  liimself  and 
his  money  more  than  the  Indians" 

Joseph  and  the  rest  of  the  Boys  from  your  Quarter  are  all  i 
well  and  make  good  Progress  in  Learning.    I  was  much  discour- 
aged with  the  bigest  Abraham  for  some  Time,  but  he  does  very 
well  of  late. 

Joseph  is  indeed  an  excellent  youth,  he  has  much  indeared 
himself  to  me,  as  well  as  to  his  Master,  and  every  body  else,  by 
his  good  Behaviour.  When  M'  Smith  first  proposed  to  me  his 
taking  him  for  his  Interpreter,  I  opposed  it,  fearing  it  would 
obstruct  his  Studies,  and  expose  him  to  get  into  a  roving  unset- 
tled State ;  but  upon  further  Consideration  I  am  of  Opinion  it 
will  be  best,  as.  M'  Smith  is  apt  and  able  to  teach,  and  proposes 
to  bed  and  board  with  him.  If  it  should  prove  otherwise  and 
be  a  mean  to  prevent  his  pursuing  his  Studies  afterwards  I  shall 
be  very  sorry 

I  very  Thankfully  acknowledge  the  Receipt  of  yours  by  M' 
Kingsley,  but  your  Letter  to  Joseph  which  you  mention  in  that 
to  me,  never  arrived,  nor  can  I  guess  what  was  the  Fate  of  it. 


;•■  ■■'ii 


r  •■ ' 


■'  ,'U 


S34 


PAPKB8   BELATINO  TO 


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It   * 


i« 


'If! 


Mj  School  now  consists  of  25,  who  depend  wholly  upon  the 
Charities  of  Gods  people  for  their  support,  and  if  the  Hearts  of 
Gentlemen  shall  continue  open  to  contribute  -supplies  for  it,  we 
must  in  a  little  Time  determine  where  to  fix  it  in  order  to  build 
conveniently  for  it. 

Goyemour  Wentworth  has  offered  a  Tract  of  Land  in  the 
western  part  of  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire  which  he  is 
now  settling,  for  the  use  of  it  if  we  will  fix  it  there.  And  there 
has  been  some  TaUc  of  fixing  it  in  one  of  the  New  Townships 
in  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  which  lie  upon  New 
Tork  Line  near  Albany.  But  whether  either  of  those  Places, 
or  here  where  it  now  is  will  be  best  for  the  Furtherance  of  the 
general  Design,  is  not  yet  determined.  I  much  want  to  consult 
your  Honour  in  the  Affair,  but  must  wait  upon  providence, 
and  remain  with  sincere  esteem  and  respect. 

Your  Honours 
i  r  Most  obedient,  and 

Most  Humble  Servant 

Eleazab  Wheelocx 
Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet 

April.  10. 1763 

-'  This  Letter  has  lain  by  waiting  for  an  opportunity  till  now, 
and  what  the  fate  of  it  will  be  I  cant  tell.  Tour  Two  to  Joseph 
came  as  he  informs  you.  had  the  former  came  seasonably  he 
should  likely  have  gone  with  Kirtland  to  N.  Jersey  College,  but 
I  apprehend  it  is,  aU  tilings  considered,  better  as  it  is,  I  purpose  to 
take  him  with  me  to  Portsmouth  about  160  miles  this  Spring 
and  would  not  have  you  expect  him  till  June  when  M'.  Smith 
Designs  to  take  the  journey  with  him. 

I  am  Tours  ut  ante  ^ '"' 

if  E.  Wheelock. 


)a       t,..>*:    #^       'i^tiij^ 


THE  SIX  MATIOm. 


836 


Sir 


MR.  SMITH  TO  SIR  WILUAM  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  Januftiy  18*^  A.  D.  1768;  ^ 


Though  I  have  not  the  Honor  of  personal  Acquaintonoe 
with  you,  yet  the  important  and  repeated  services  you  have 
done  Your  Country,  have  long  made  me  acquainted  tvith  Your 
Charecter,  which  shines  with  such  distinguished  Lustre  in  the 
Aimals  of  Fame.  '^ 

Tet  I  should  not  presume  to  give  you  this  Trouble,  was  I  not 
moved  and  emboldened  hereto,  by  an  Affitirof  some  Importance, 
the  Execution  of  wliich  >  depends  much  on  Your  Honours 
Approbation. 

Tliis  Necessity  I  hope  your  Candour  will  admit  as  a  sufficient 
Excuse,  for  the  Liberty  a  Stranger  takes  in  writeing  to  you :  and 
therefore  without  further  Apology  I  beg  Leave  to  lay  the  AfEkir 
before  you. 

I  propose  next  Summer  to  take  an  excursion  into  the  Mohawk 
Country  as  a  Missionary;  and  being  a  stranger  to  the  Indian  Dialect, 
I  must  of  Consequence  improve  an  Interpreter,  having  spent 
some  Time  here  as  a  schoolmaster,  (with  that  worthy  Gentleman 
and  eminent  Friend  of  Indians  The  Rev^  M'.  Whedook)  I 
have  contracted  an  intimate  Acquaintance  with  Joseph  who 
I  understand  is  high  in  your  afifection  and  esteem,  and  has  the 
Wisdom  and  Prudence  to  resign  himself  to  your  Direction  and 
Conduct— as  He  is  a  promising  Youth,  of  a  sprightly  Genius^ 
singular  Modesty,  and  a  Serious  Turn,  I  know  of  none  so  well 
calculated  to  answer  my  End  as  He  is — in  which  Design  He 
woud  very  Willingly  and  cheerlMly  engage  shoud  Your  Honour 
consent  to  and  approve  of  it. 

He  has  so  much  endeared  Himself  to  me  by  his  Amiable 
Deportment ;  his  Laudable  Thirst  after  and  Progress  in  Learning: 
that  did  I  not  apprehend  this  woud  be  as  beneficial  to  Him,  as 
advantageous  to  me,  I  shoud  neither  desire  his  Assistance  nor 
solicit  Your  Approbation. 

but  I  apprehend  I  can  much  sooner  perfect  Him  in  the  English 
Lai^^uage,  amd  better  instruct  Him  in  whatever  He  shall  havtd 


^  .■*.  *. 


^i*;^' 


i' 


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336 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


occasion  to  learn,  when  he  is  constantly  with  me,  and  I  can 
devote  myself  so  much  more  to  his  Service,  than  when  in  the 
School  where  a  large  Number  are  to  be  taken  care  of  in  conjunc- 
tion with  Him — and  perhaps  this  woud  be  a  Spur  to  Him,  as 
well  as  an  additional  Motive  with  Me,  to  take  particular  Pains 
in  accomplishing  Him  for  such  a  Service,  and  so  the  general 
Design  of  His  Education  be  rather  forwarded  than  retarded. 

Shoud  Your  Honour  acquiesce  in,  and  approve  of  the  Propo- 
sal, I  shoud  immediately  take  upon  me  the  whole  Expence  of 
his  Education ;  and  so  long  as  he  serves  in  the  Character  of  an 
Interpreter,  would  allow  him  a  gentetsl  Reward. 

The  present  Excursion  is  designed  only  for  a  few  monthfl, 
after  which  He  can  return  again  to  this  School,  so  that  I  imagine 
if  its  of  no  Advantage,  it  can  be  but  of  little  disadvantage  to  Him. 
but  if  there  shoud  be  farther  occasion  for  Him  and  it  shoud 
be  agreable  to  Tou  to  have  Him  continued  in  such  a  Service, 
T  trust  that  I  shall  do  Honourably  by  Him. 

If  Your  Honour  woud  be  pleased  to  acquaint  me  with  Your 
Sentiments  relative  hereto,  it  woud  be  received  as  a  Favour,  And 
acknowledged  with  Gratitude  by  dim,  who,  relying  on  Your 
Candour  to  excuse  the  Prolixity,  and  pardon  the  Inaccuracies 
of  this  Letter,  begs  Leave  in  the  most  Respectful  Manner  to 
Subscribe  Himself  ""^^ 

pt  Your  Honours  most  Obedient 

'^h  mi'  Humble  Servant 

Charles  Jeffry  Smith 
Sir  William  Johnson 


<?.  A 


""'  MR.  WEYMAN,  PRINTER,  TO  THE  REV.  DR.  BARCLAY. 

■;■( 

CONCERNING  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK. 

Rev<»  Sir 

I  crave  your  Pardon  for  not  answering  you  sooner  relating 
to  the  Prayer  Book: — The  Government  Work  laid  heavy  on  my 
Hands  at  the  Time  you  sent  it;  but  having  now  dispatch'd  it. 


THK.8IZ  NATION!. 


887 


can  Mgin  upon  the  Book  as  soon  as  Sir  William  thinks  proper 
to  engage  at  the  Prices  and  f6tm  mentioned. 

I  am,  Sir,  .    • . 

Your  obliged, 

Humble  Servant, 
N.  York,  April  2'>  1763.  .       Wm.  Weyman.  ' 

To  ©'Barclay.  a 

t 

1  WituAK  WiTHAN  waa  son  of  the  rector  of  the  Episcopal  chnroh  at  Oxford, 
Philadelphia  Co.,  Pa.  He  served  his  time  to  Wm.  Bradford  in  Philadelphia,  and 
in  Jan.  1758  became  a  partner  of  John  Parker  of  New  York.  Weyman  managed 
the  concerns  of  this  firm  which  published  a  newspaper  called  the  V.  Y.  Gazette 
or  Weekly  Post  Boy,  and  several  books.  A  piece  entitled  "  Observations  on  the 
Circumstances  and  Conduct  of  the  people  in  the  counties  of  Ulster  and  Orange  In 
the  Prov'ce  of  New  York,"  from  the  pen  of  the  Rev.  Hezekiah  Watkins  of  New- 
burgh,  having  appeared  in  the  paper  of  the  15th  March,  1765,  the  Assembly  on 
whose  conduct  it  reflected,  took  umbrage  and  summoned  the  printers  to  their 
bar.  Weyman  alone  appeared  at  first,  but  Parker  came  into  town  immediately 
•nd  surrendered  himself  to  the  Sergeant  at  Arms,  but  on  petition  they  were 
ihortly  afterwards  discharged.  Watldns  was  Missionary  of  the  Society  for  Pro- 
pagating the  Gospel ;  on  being  arrested  by  order  of  the  House  in  the  course  of 
the  following  year,  he  acknowledged  himself  the  author  of  the  piece,  was  repri- 
manded and  discharged.  In  Jan.  1759,  Weyman's  partnership  with  Parker  waa 
diwolved,  and  on  16th  Feb.  he  commenced  the  publication  of  the  N.  Y.  Gazette, 
which  was  printed  on  a  crown  sheet  every  Monday.  In  Nov.  1760,  ho  became 
public  printer,  and  was  appointed  to  print  Smtth  k  Livingston's  edition  of  the 
Laws.  In  Nov.  1766  he  printed  in  his  paper  the  address  of  the  Assembly  to  Gov. 
Moore,  in  which  the  House  said,  among  other  things,  "  Your  Excellency  has. 
done  us  no  more  than  Justice  in  supposing  that  we  will  cheerfVilly  co-operate  with 
you."  Weyman  by  some  blunder  omitted  the  little  word  "  no,"  and  for  this  waa 
arraigned  again  before  the  representatives  of  the  people.  He  threw  the  bktme  on 
one  of  his  journeymen,  but  was  unable  to  prove  the  allegation.  He  was  dismissed 
on  asking  pardon,  and  promising  to  be  more  careful  for  the  Aitnre.*  Parker,  his 
late  partner,  having  been  appointed  post-master  at  New  York,  is  accused  by 
Weyman  of  suppressing  the  copies  of  the  Gazette  placed  in  the  P.  O.  for  distri- 
bution. Whether  this  was  true  or  not,  the  circulation  of  his  paper  fell  off  to  such 
an  extent  that  it  ceased  to  be  published  Dec.  28, 1767.  Its  proprietor  did  not  long 
survive  it.  On  the  15th  January  following  he  resigned  his  office  as  public  printer 
and  after  a  lingering  illness)  which  had  for  some  time  rendered  him  incapable  of 
business,  he  died  in  New  York  on  the  18th  July  1768.  It  appears  by  one  of  the 
letters  in  this  series,  that  he  died  bankrupt.    Ed.  ^ 

*  The  Journal  of  the  Assembly  of  the  Prov.  of  New  York  for  the  Session  of  1766,  being 
Dnfortonately  omitted  in  the  printed  edition,  wo  have  no  means  of  comparing  the  above 
itatement  (made  hot  Tbomai>s  Hitt.  qf  PritUing)  with  the  Votes  of  the  House. 


»       M 


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FAPKU   KKLATIiro  TO 


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REV.  MK.  WHEELOCK  TO  GENL  AMHERST. 


Lebanon,  Connecticut,  April  2, 1763. 
May  it  please  yoxtt  Excellency, 

The  narrative  herewith  inclosed,  gives  your  Excellency  some 
short  account  of  the  success  of  my  feeble  endeavours,  through 
the  blessing  of  God  upon  them,  in  the  affair  there  related. 

Your  Excellenoy  will  easily  see,  that  if  the  number  of  youth 
in  this  school  continues  to  increase,  as  it  has  done,  and  as  our 
prospects  are  that  it  will  do,  we  shall  soon  be  obliged  to  build  to 
accommodate  them,  and  accordingly  to  determine  upon  the  place 
where  to  fix  it.  And  I  would  humbly  submit  to  your  Excellen- 
cy's consideration  the  following  proposal,  viz. 

That  a  tract  of  land,  about  fifteen  or  twenty  miles  square,  or 
so  much  as  shall  be  sufficient  for  four  townships^  on  the  west  side 
of  Susquehanna  River,  or  in  some  othdr  place  more  convenient, 
in  the  heart  of  the  Indian  country,  be  granted,  in  favor  of  this 
School.  The  said  townships  be  peopled  with  a  chosen  number 
of  inhabitants  of  known  honesty,  integrity,  and  such  as  love  and 
will  be  kind  to,  and  honest  in  their  dealings  with  Indians. 

That  a  thousand  acres^of,  and  within  said  grant,  be  given  to 
this  school.  And  that  the  School  be  an  Academy  for  all  parts 
of  useful  learning ;  part  of  it  to  be  a  College  for  the  education  of 
missionaries,  interpreters,  school  masters,  &c.;  and  part  of  it 
a  school  to  teach  reading,  writing,  &c.  And  that  there  be 
tiianu&ctures  for  the  instruction  both  of  males  and  females,  in 
whatever  shall  he  useful  and  necessary  In  life,  and  proper  tutors, 
masters,  and  mistresses  be  provided  for  the  same.  That  those 
towns  be  furnished  with  ministers  of  the  best  characters,  and 
such  as  are  ot^  ability,  when  incorporated  with  a  number  of  the 
most  understanding  of  the  inhabitants,  to  conduct  the  affairs  of 
the  school,  and  of  such  missions  as  they  shall  have  occasion  and 
ability  for,  from  time  to  time.  That  there  be  a  sufficient  number 
of  laborers  upon  the  lands  belonging  to  the  school ;  and  that  the 
students  be  obliged  to  labor  with  them,  and  under  their  direction 
and  conduct,  so  much  as  sliall  be  necessary  for  their  health,  and 
to  give  them  an  understanding  of  husbandry.    And  those  who 


THB  HZ  NATIOm. 


809 


ire  designed  for  fknnen,  after  they  have  got  a  sufficient  degree 
of  school  learning,  to  labor  constantly,  and  the  school  to  have 
all  the  benefit  of  thf^ir  labor,  »  \d  they  tlie  benefit  of  being 
instructed  therein,  till  th«y  are  of  an  age  and  understanding 
tafflcient  to  set  \xi>  for  themselves,  and  introduce  husbandry 
among  their  respective  tribes.  And  that  there  be  a  moderate 
tax  upon  all  the  granted  lands,  after  the  first  ten  or  fifteen  years, 
and  also  some  duty  upon  mills,  &c.  which  shall  not  be  burdensome 
to  the  inhabitants,  for  the  support  of  the  sehool,  or  missionaries 
among  the  Indians,  &c. 

By  this  mean  much  expence,  and  many  Inconveniences 
occasioned  by  our  great  distance  from  them,  would  be  prevented, 
our  missionaries  be  much  better  supported  and  provided  for, 
especially  in  case  of  sickness,  &c.  Parents  and  children  be  more 
contented,  being  nearer  to  one  another,  and  likely  many  persua- 
ded to  send  their  children  for  an  education  who  are  now  dissuaded 
flrom  it,  only  on  account  of  the  great  distance  of  the  school  from 
them. 

The  bearer,  Mr.  Charles  Jeffrey  Smith,  is  able  if  your  Excel- 
lency desires  it,  to  give  you  a  more  ftill  and  particular  account 
of  the  present  state  of  this  School,  having  been  for  some  time 
the  master  and  instructor  of  it,  and  is  now  designed  with  the 
leave  of  Providence,  the  ensuing  summer,  to  make  an  excursion, 
as  a  missionary  among  the  Indians,  with  an  interpreter  from  this 
school.  And  by  him  your  Excellency  may  favour  me  with  your 
thoughts  on  what  I  have  proposed. 

I  am  with  sincerest  duty  and  esteem 
May  it  please  your  ExceUency 

your  Excellency's  most  obedient 
i-j,iv  and  most  humble  servant, 

r  El£azar  Wheelock. 


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330 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  DR.  BARCUY.     J- 


CONCERNING  THE   INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK. 


Ih. 


Sir, 


Johnson  Hall  Apri  29t>>  1763 


I  have  been  favored  with  yours  of  the  12">  inst.  which  needed 
no  Apology  as  I  never  in  the  least  doubted  your  assiduity  and 
inclination  to  forward  a  Work  which  I  flatter  myself  will  under 
your  inspection  prove  of  great  utility  to  the  propagation  of 
Christian  knowledge. 

I  herewith  Enclose  you  the  plan  which  I  most  approve  of  for 
the  Size  &  Quantity  of  the  Book,  the  same  being  much  more 
portable  than  the  other,  and  must  therefore  request  you  will 
give  directions  accordingly,  and  that  you  will  likewise  be  so  good 
as  to  give  such  Necessary  Assistances  therein  as  you  shall  judge 
Expedient,  for  which  purpose  Capt  Claus  has  sent  you  the  Old 
Printed  Book,  as  also  that  any  other  Offices  &c  which  you  can 
afford  may  be  inserted  for  rendering  the  present  Edition  more 
Compleat  than  the  former. 

I  am  glad  you  approve  of  my  Sentiments  concerning  the  Mis- 
sionaries which  are  not  only  very  Requisite  amongst  the  Indians, 
but  will  tend  to  advance  the  Established  Church  which  is  in  great 
want  of  a  proper  support  in  these  parts.    • '       v 

D' Barclay  \  lam&c. 


:)  ti 


J  -.^'...i 


REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 


,  5i' !:■'/  i'h- 


Hartford  May  16th  1763 


vl4  U-i-n 

Sir,  , 

May  it  please  your  Honour, 

I  received  last  Evening  a  Paper  with  your  Seal  inclosing  a 
Letter  to  Joseph  from  his  Sister ; '  wrote,  I  suppose  in  the  Mohawk 
Language ;  and  by  which  he  informs  me,  he  is  ordered  to  come 
directly  home ;  that  the  Indians  are  displeased  with  his  being 
here  at  School,  that  they  don't  like  tlie  People  &c,  which  has 

1  Molly  Brant^  Sir  W.  Johnson's  *'  housekeeper.''    Ed. 


O-^    THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


331 


occasioned  no  small  Exercise  to  my  Mind,  and  many  Turnings 
of  Thoughts  what  should  be  the  Occasion  or  meaning  of  it. 

In  my  last  to  you,  I  informed  you  of  the  truly  noble,  and  charita- 
ble Design  of  M'  Charles  Jefifry  Smith  (who  lias  been  Joseph's  Tutor 
last  winter),  his  Purpose  to  come  with  Joseph  to  you  as  soon  as 
he  could  get  ready  for  the  Business  of  his  proposed  Mission,  and 
that  I  designed  to  take  Joseph  with  me  to  Boston  &  Portsmouth 
&c,  and  that  you  might  expect  him  in  June  &c  but  whether  you 
have  received  that  Letter  with  others  from  M""  Smith  and  Joseph 
I  don't  learn,  but  suppose  it  likely  you  ha'n't  yet  received  them. 
And  inasmuch  as  there  was  nothing  wrote  to  me  manifesting 
your  Pleasure  in  the  Affair,  I  presume  your  Honour  did  not  know 
the  Contents  of  the  Inclosed  though  it  came  under  your  Seal ; 
and  how  to  conduct  in  the  Affair  I  am  at  a  great  Loss — M'  Smith 
is  now  gone  to  New  TCork  &c  to  prepare  for  his  Mission ;  I  expect 
him  back  soon,  and  if  he  comes  &  finds  Joseph  gone,  whom  he 
depends  upon  for  a  Pilot  &  Companion  he  will  be  greatly  disap- 
pointed, and  I  fear  will  think  himself  very  ungratefully  treated. 
Joseph  is  rendered  so  very  uneasy,  for  fear  of  gaining  the  Dis- 
pleasure of  his  Friends,  that  I  am  doubtful  whether  it  will  do  to 
detain  him,  and  to  send  him  alone  will  not  be  well,  be  sure  on 
Foot,  and  to  send  a  Horse  with  him  may  give  him  much  Trouble 
to  return  him.  Nor  have  I  any  intimation  of  any  valuable  End 
that  may  be  served  by  his  going  before  the  Time  proposed — And 
as  Joseph  desires  to  put  himself  under  your  Honour's  Conduct, 
as  what  he  apprehends  most  safe  &  prudent  for  him  to  do,  so  I 
should  be  glad  your  Honour  would  as  explicitly  as  you  please 
let  me  know  your  Pleasure,  And  upon  the  whole  think  it  advis- 
able to  detain  Joseph  (if  he  will  be  content  to  stay),  till  I  receive 
your  Honour's  Pleasure,  or  till  the  Time  appointed  for  his  coming 

by  M' Smith. '*'' 

And  I  am  with  Sincere  Respect  &  Esteem 

Your  Honour's 

most  obedient  humble  Serv* 

Sir  William  Johnson.  Eleazar  Wheelock. 


**    i  ■;  .' ' 


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PAPKBS  RSLATINO  TO 


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GEN.  AMHERST  TO  REV.  MR.  WHEEIOCL 

*'  New  York,  May  23, 1763 

Sir, 

This  morning,  Mr.  Smith  delivered  me  your  letter  of  the  21st 
[2*']  April,  with  the  narrative  enclosed,  which  I  have  perused. 
The  design  is  a  very  commendable  one,  and  I  should  be  extremely 
happy  in  having  it  in  my  power,  to  be  any  ways  instrumental  in 
civilizing  the  Indians,  and  promoting  seminaries  of  learning  in 
this  country ;  but  as  the  disposal  and  settlement  of  the  conquered 
lands  in  America  must  be  determined  by  His  Majesty,  and  that 
there  is  reason  to  beleive  the  same  is  now  under  consideration  at 
home ;  I  can  only  advise  you  to  make  application  there ;  tor  I 
have  no  authority  whatever,  to  dispose  of  any  lands  in  this 
country.  You  cannot  have  a  better  patron  than  the  nobleman 
to  whom  you  have  dedicated  your  narrative,  and  I  shall  be  very 
glad  to  hear  that  your  application  is  attended  with  success. 

I  am)  Sir, 

Your  most  obedient  servant. 

Rev.  Eleazar  Wheelock.  Jeffry  Amherst. 


'^-iUt-    (■ 


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REV.  DR.  BARCLAY  TO  REVD.  SAM^*  JOHNSON 


j-j. 


RevdSir    '"•'   -  ""' ^ 

I  am  so  crampt  in  Time  that  I  cannot  give  You  a  particular 
answer  to  yours  of  the  First  Instant.  I  know  not  how  to  advise 
M'.  Bonnet*  to  go  amongst  the  Indians  in  this  unsettled  state 

1  Mr.  Bennet  was  originally  master  of  the  first  school,  established  in  1741,  in 
connection  with  the  £|{isoopal  Church  at  Newport,  R.I.  The  Mstract  of  the 
See.  for  Prop,  the  Gospel,  for  1765,  referring  to  him  says  "  By  a  letter  from  Mr. 
Curneliiis  Bennet,  Gatechist  to  the  Mohawk  Indians,  inclosed  in  a  letter  from  the 
RcT''.  Mr.  Apthorp,  dated  12  March,  1764,  we  learn  that  Mr.  Bennet  has  entered 
upon  the  work  of  instructing  the  Indians,  and  has  a  fine  company  of  children 
inidor  his  care,  who  are  very  orderly  and  ingenious.  They  hear  prayers  morning 
and  evening,  learn  to  read  English,  are  catechised  in  the  Mohawk  Tongue, 
taught  obedience  to  their  parents,  the  observation  of  the  Lords  day,  Respect  to 
their  Superiors,  and  a  courteous  beliaviour  to  all.    This,  he  says,  is  the  on\j 


THE  SIX  WATIOMB. 


333 


of  things  amongst  Them.  I  am  in  hopes  we  shall  hear  better 
aoc'^'  soon.  I  cannot  find  that  the  Mohawks  approve  of  the 
l^easures  taken  by  the  other  Indian  Nations,  but  some  people 
suspect  them.  As  to  the  Boston  Ck)mmissioners,  'tho'  I  could  liave 
wished  the  Society  had  been  before  hand  with  them,  yet,  as  you 
jay,  I  cannot  see  how  we  can  refuse  their  offer.  Please  therefor 
in  youi'  Letter  to  them  to  signify  My  assent  to  their  proposal. 
I  have  not  time  to  write  to  M^^  Bennet  now  but  shall  as  soon  as  I 
have  a  certain  acc<*^  of  the  State  of  Things  amongst  the  Indians. 
If  he  ventures,  I  shall  comply  with  my  proposal  as  to  Lodging 
and  Board,  till  such  Time  as  I  conclude  a  Bargain  with  Sir 
William  Johnson  who  is  treating  with  me  for  my  Farm,  for  a 
Glebe  for  the  Indian  Missionary,  as  I  have  before  informed  you 
please  inform  M'  Bennet  of  this. 

As  to  the  printing  my  letter  to  M'  Apthorp,  with  Tour 
piece,  I  should  have  no  objection,  if  it  were  not  that  I  suspect 
mine  to  the  Society  in  answer  to  Smith  may  stiU  be  published. 
Besides  I  have  not  a  copy  of  it  for  I  had  no  time  to  take 
one.  I  am  however  willing  to  do  any  thing  You  ShaU  judge 
useful.    I  am  with  usual  Compliments 

Rev  Sir 

Yours  affectionately 

Henry  Barclay. 
Aug**  8  1763 
P.  S.  I  have  had  a  long  tetter  from  Rye  intimating  M'  Palmers  * 

English  school  eveT  known  here,  and  may  by  a  divine  blessing,  sooth  and  mollify 
their  wild  fierce  Tempers.  The  parents  are  so  well  pleased  with  their  children's 
Improvement  that  they  send  them  for  Instruction  from  an  Indian  Town  30  miles 
op  the  River.  As  there  is  no  Physician  near,  Mr.  Bennet  visits  the  poor  Indians 
when  they  arc  sick  and  infirm,  and  supplies  them  with  Medicines,  by  which 
aeansthcirminds  are  still  more  conciliated  towards  the  English.  Mr.  Apthorp 
recommends  him  to  the  contir.  nance  of  the .  Societies  Favour  as  a  person  well 
qualified  for  the  service  he  has  undertaken."  Rev.  Mr.  East  Apthorp  was  the  Socie- 
ty's  Missionary  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  which  charge  he  rengned  at  the  date  of  the 
above  letter,  and  returned  to  England,  were  he  died  in  1816-  Mr.  Bennet  did  not 
(iontinue  long  among  the  Mohawks,  for  his  name  does  not  appear  on  the  Society's 
lists  in  connection  vfith  them  after  this  date. — Ed. 

1  Revd.  Mr.  Palhbk  was  originally  a  Dissenting  Minister  of  New  England. 
He  went  to  England  with  strong  recommendations  firom  the  Revd.  Dr.  Johnson 
and  oflier  clergymen,  and  was  ordained  by  the  Bishop  of  Bajogor  in  1751.    On  bis 


1    , 

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334 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


unwillingness  to  give  up  that  Mission  for  N.  Haven,  and  a 
growing  dissaffection  to  Mr.  Punderson  at  Rye'  M'  Cooper  was 
at  Westchester  on  Sunday  last  and  tells  me  he  hears  Mr.  Pun- 
derson  is  endeavoring  to  make  Interest  There. 


k  i.,i  t 


MR.  WEYMAN  TO  REV.  DR.  BARCLAY. 


CONCERNING  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK. 

Rev«i  Sir  '■'"'"  '"  - 

I  send  a  2<>  Proof  to  be  revised  by  you. — I  apprehend  ye  Cor- 
rections on  our  Side  be  not  so  exact  as  I  could  wish. — Please  to 
peruse  it  a  2<'  Time. — We  are  put  to  prodigious  Difficulty  to 
print  such  Language  (in  form)  in  North  America,  where  we  bave 
not  the  Command  of  a  Letter-Maker^  founding-House  to  suit 
ourselves  in  y«  particular  Sorts  required,  such  as — ^g-'* — k's—y^s-— 
kc. — fyc.  when  had  it  been  in  y«  English  Tongue,  we  could  make 
much  greater  Dispatch, — but  at  present  'tis  absolutely  impossi- 
ble,— I  having  been  obliged  to  borrow  sundry  Letters  from  my 

return  he  became  missionary  of  the  towns  of  New  Milford,  Sharon  and  Litch. 
field,  Conn.  In  1761,  he  was  removed  at  his  own  request,  to  Amboy,  N.  J.  On 
the  recommendation  of  Dr.  Johnson  he  was  appointed  successor  to  Mr.  Wetmore 
at  Rye,  in  1763.  But  the  congregation  at  this  place  preferred  the  Revd.  Mr. 
Punderson,  and  the  Society  was  requested  to  change  Mr.  Palmer,  which  it 
declined.  "  The  people  at  Rye  (says  the  Archb.  of  Canterbury,  writing  to  Dr. 
J.,  March  1763.)  may  refuse  him  if  they  will,  and  take  the  maintenance  of  Mr. 
Punderson  on  themselves,  and  we  shall  be  very  well  pleased."  The  difficulty 
was  settled  apparently,  for  we  find  Mr.  Palmer  at  New  Haven  in  1764.  In  1769, 
he  was  missionary  at  Litchfield  and  Great  Barrington.  His  death  is  supposed  to 
have  occurred  in  1772,  for  Mr.  Mosely  is  mentioned  as  Missionary  at  Litchfield 
in  1773.— Eu. 

1  Ebenezer  Punderson,  graduated  at  Yale  Coll.  in  1726,  and  was  a  Con- 
gregational Minister  at  Groton,  Conn.  He  conformed  to  the  Church  of  England 
about  the  year  1732.  Having  received  orders  in  London  in  1^34,  he  organized  a 
congregation,  on  his  return,  in  Norwich,  at  the  village  of  Poquetanuck  about  the 
year  1738.  His  name  appears  on  the  Society's  lists  as  "  Itinerant  Missionary 
in  Connecticut,"  until  1763,  when  he  was  settled  in  the  church  of  N.  Haven,  the 
place  of  his  nativity.  In  the  spring  of  1768,  being  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Jolin 
Beardslee,  he  took  charge  of  the  Church  of  Rye,  Westchester  Co.,  and  oflSciatcd 
there  and  in  the  adjoining  towns  until  the  following  year,  when  he  died  (22d 
Sept.)  aged  60  years.— Ed. 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


Q3& 


brother  Printers  even  to  complete  this  present  half  sheet,  when 
I  have  as  complete  an  office  to  print  English  as  any  of  them. — 
For  these  Reasons,  I  trust  neither  yourself,  or  Sir  William,  will 
condemn  me  for  neglect,— adding,  withal,  the  Difficulty  of  keep- 
ing a  Journeyman  to  his  Duty. 

I  am,  Sir,  Your  obliged  H*»'«  Servant, 
Oct' 20, 1763.  Wm.  Weyman.     , 


REV.  MR.  LAPPIUS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON.    "  '    " 

Gonajoharie  December  29u»  1763.    ' 
Sir! 

The  good  opportunity  I  have  by  M'  William  Seeber  my  friend, 
gives  me  encouragement  to  trouble  your  Honour  with  these  few 
Lines,  to  beg  the  favour  of  sending  me  by  him  a  bottle  of  brandy 
&  some  Raisins,  which  your  Honour  would  have  send  long  ago, 
if  you  had  a  good  opportunity,  as  I  am  resolved  to  Trye  that 
Cure  with  old  Peer,  I  have  drank  this  4  weeks  an  ugly  Drink  of 
what  the  Germans  Call  Longe  Kraut,  which  grows  on  the  white 
oak  Trees,  &  this  Decoctum  makes  me  Cough  up  more  as  ever 
I  did,  but  my  breath  goes  freer  &  Stronger,  Doctor  Stringer  has 
send  me  2  boxes  of  pills  which  I  used,  I  can  not  say  of  any  great 
effect  they  did,  Seeng  that  all  will  not  do,  I  shall  Try  Peer  & 
then  leave  of.  My  Strength  goes  away  with  my  flesh,  for  all  have 
I  good  Stomach  &  appetite  like  a  Man  that  is  wel,  I  did  leave  of 
for  a  wliile  preaching,  which  neglect  I  thougt  made  me  siker  as 
I  was,  therefore  have  don  my  Service  last  holydays-&  was  wel 
afterwards,  the  only  thing  what  troubles  me  so  much,  is  cold  I 
can  hardly  get  a  warm  foot  in  a  Day,  if  I  set  upou  the  Stoaf, 
which  occasioned  great  head  ague.  So  that  I  was  several  times 
in  a  bad  Condition  for  that  Complaints  sake,  I  have  no  warm 
Cloathing  &  my  house  is  vere  cold  &  most  open,  &  so  poor  in 
cash  &c:  that  I  can  not  for  this  time  supply  this  Want,  your 
Honour  would  oblige  your  old  faithfull  Servant,  if  you  would 
Trust  him  a  cupple  new  planckets  for  making  a  new,  warm  Coat, 
to  cover  his  Cold  sick  poor  body,  till  he  shall  turn  wel  or  able 
to  Do  Your  Honour  satisfaction  for  them. 


'  .-    > 

"1 

i 

t 

1 

1 

•     ^»^» 

•■        4 

I 

'   ^    ''  I     • 

'' 

•t_ 

,  < 

\  i 

^,- 

,  '4 

Hi 

■ 

1 

1 

•»       > 

%'■/■& 

m 

1 

1 

«■ . 

^\ 

'  r.f  ,, 


■ 

'.1 

A.            :.  ■ 

\                                                                       1 

» 

1  , 

*            #■ 

-.:  I?.:  l! 


•  *     1  ll 


339 


PAPKM  BXLATIN6  TO 


I  flirder  must  Complaint  to  your  Honour  out  of  my  Lazareth 
that  Wicked  Ury  Clokhas  puzzled  into  the  Eears  of  Some  people 
upon  the  land  called  the  Switzer  mount,  that  your  Honour  had 
ordered  me  to  make  them  all  sign  a  bond  for  all  the  Costs  which 
would  arise  from  that  Action,  under  the  Name  of  a  petition,Which 
your  Honor  know  as  wel  as  I  that  never  such  a  thing  has  been 
don,  the  ignorant  people  have  most  Eaten  up  my  little  flesh  & 
bones,  which  I  thought  they  would  tare  in  pieces,  would  it  not 
been  good  that  Clok  should  be  paid  once  for  his  Devilish  seditious 
humour? 

Finally  do  I  wish  your  Honour  &  the  whole  your  Noble  Family 
a  blessed  &  happy  Exodum  to  this  most  Ended  year,  &  a  pros- 
perous Transitum  &  over  step  into  the  New  year  near  by,  The  God 
of  heaven  &  Eart  Grant  your  Honour  upon  a  New  His  Godly 
Patronage,  favour  Mercy,  Wisdom,  Strength  &  all  Requisita,with 
which  he  has  been  pleased  to  Endow  your  Person  this  Manny  Years 
to  the  best  of  Land  &  Church,  as  a  faithfull  Servant  unto  his 
Master  the  king,  &  that  when  your  Days  are  spent,  that  I  may 
have  the  pleasure  to  See  you  with  this  My  Eyes  in  the  Rest  & 
happiness  to  Come  after  this  Troublesome  Lite,  So  wishes  he, 
who  Dyes      > 


f;,    /.;';; 


\ 


,  i  ^      Your  Honours 
pi      •     [.  Most  DutifiiU  Servant 

i  .  ,■  :•*  /•:'  ■•!^h'  •         •■"■■       '■    JoH.  Casp:  LAPProg, 
....   K  ,/i    •....'. r  V.  D.  M. 

p.  S.  My  Neighboor  John  Abeel  Acts  the  Mad  man.      ^; 


fc>»       Vv*, 


■'».'  1.' 


>'• 


■-•-r'^    i;.! 


1 


REV.  FATHER  ROBAUD  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 
Sir 

I  am  Extreemly  sensible,  and  very  readily  acknowledge,  the 
great  honour  you  have  done  me,  by  yorr  }at«  obliging  Letter. 
Every  part  thereof  breath  politeness,  v>  iit  and  Generosity ;  An 
open  heart  and  Sincere,  all  declares  the  man  of  honour,  and 
shews  Monsieur  le  Chevallier  Johnson.  I  have  no  Term ;  no 
Expression  can  avail  me,  to  render  (or  speak)  all  I  naturally 


.1^"^: 


THS  SIX  NATIONS. 


887 


feel,  at  the  sight  of  so  noble,  so  generous  a  proceeding.  I  had 
not  heretofore  the  honour  to  be  acquainted  with  the  English 
Kation.  Born  in  the  midst  of  Prance  without  being  natural 
Subject  of  the  French  King,  I  had  hitherto  hardly  known  any  but 
Frenchmen.  But  how  truly  can  I  affirm  that  I  never  have  seen 
in  any  one  of  them,  any  thing  that  approach  in  the  least,  of  or 
Like  that  noble  generosity,  (or  the  great  characteristick  of  the 
English,)  so  Remarkable  amongst  the  English.  I  have  followed 
that  Nation  Step  by  Step,  Ever  since  the  conquest  of  Canada,  and 
I  confess  that  I  cannot  recover  my  surprise.  What  hath  made 
the  greatest  Impression  on  my  mind,  is  that  fund  of  Integrity, 
which  nothing  can  alter  :  that  disinterestedness^  which  is  above 
what  ever  I  can  say  in  its  praise.  If  New  England  had  been  so 
unfortunate  as  to  become  the  prey  of  the  French,  it  had  time 
to  shed  Tears,  or  to  Mourn  and  bewail  its  lamentable  fate.  And 
Canada  Taken  by  the  English,  daily  bless  its  Destiny,  yes,  I 
daily  hear  the  Canadians  wishing  Joy  to  one  another,  and  con- 
gratulating themselves,  that  they  have  been  taken  by  General 
Amherst,  and  are  governed  by  the  respectable  heros  that  com- 
mands there,  this  day.  This,  I  have  had  the  honour  to  declare, 
to  Oen^  Hamerst,  last  winter  in  my  Letters,  and  will  not  cease  to 
proclaim  the  same  to  the  world,  wilst  I  have  Being.      a'i  a]  'ro-f 

These  generous  proceeding  have  so  far  gained  Upon  me,  that 
I  have  not  hesitated  on  moment,  but  Oave  general  Amherst  all 
the  knowledge  and  Lights,  which  my  Stay  in  Canada,  and  my 
connections.  Especially,  with  the  late  French  generals,  have  ena^ 
bled  me  to  procure.  These  papers  are  of  the  utmost  consequence, 
You'll  Judge  thereof  on  their  Titles.  You  shall  hereafter  be 
acquainted  with  the  motives,  wMoh  obliges  me  to  declare  them 
(that  is,  the  contents  of  the  papers,)  to  you.  The  first  packet 
contained  a  discourse  directed  to  Gen'  Hamerst,  wherein  I  shew 
him,  what  it  would  be  right  for  England  to  Insist  on,  and  do, 
Whether,  at  the  Next  peace  to  be  made,  Canada  be  returned  to 
the  French,  or  no.  There  is  many  things  in  this  discourse  re- 
garding the  Indians,  Especially  the  Mmakis  and  the  Iroquois^ 
who  may  be  called  English  Indians,  and  whom  it  would  be  very 
practicable  to  bring  back  again  into  their  Ancient  habitations, 
let  the  Event  of  the  war  be  what  it  will,  that  is  to  say,  the  one 

Vol.  IV.  22 


111 


I 


<(» 


W: 


888 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


:«! 


,'    ,1     J* 


*.  '♦ 


Nation  in  Acadia,  and  the  other  among  the  Six  Nations.  I  show 
therein  the  means,  and  at  the  same  time  declare  the  Immense 
Benefit,  that  would  Accrue  to  the  Britisli  commerce,  from  this 
kind  of  Transmigration.  I  am  so  bent  for  that  same,  that  if 
Canada  be  restored  to  the  French,  and  Gener'  Amlierst,  from 
wliom  I  daily  Expect  an  Answer  to  some  former  Letter,  don't 
give  me  a  Call,  I  will  certainly  quit  the  Contry. 

The  second  packet  contained  Instructions  from  M^  Montcalm 
to  divers  Minimes  of  France,  to  the  minimes  of  the  Marine,  to 
the  plenipotentiaries  Intended  to  be  sent  to  the  future  congress 
for  the  General  peace,  to  the  future  governoer  of  Canada,  And 
finally  to  the  Intendants.  , ,-  . 

The  tliird  and  last  packet  contained  a  code  of  Civil  Law 
adapted  for  the  governm'  of  Canada,  which  M'  de  Moncalm  had 
at  his  leasure  houres  originally  pi-ojected  and  drawn,  this  last 
work  is  not  perfect,  and  altho  I  daily  work  thereon,  it  cannot  be 
so  soon  finished,  the  truth  is,  that  having  unhapily  lost  a  part 
of  my  papers  in  my  frequent  Trayels,  I  must  supply  what  is 
wanting.  This  is  the  matter  contained  in  these  papers,  which  I 
had  the  honour  to  remit  to  General  Amherst,  and  concerning 
which  I  Expect  a  decisive  Answer.  If  these  papers  concerned 
you  in  the  least,  I  would  gladly  transmit  them  to  you,  but  I  could 
not  very  soon  comply,  because,  besides  the  Extraordinary  length 
of  the  contents  of  these  papers,  I  am  now  busy  in  completing  the 
Canadian  Code  of  Civil  law,  but  I  should  have  remitted  you 
indeed  the  discourse  to  General  Amherst,  wherein  Are  contained 
many  Anecdotes  relating  to  the  Indians.  You  will  be  so  kind 
to  Signify  your  pleasure  on  this  Subject,  and  you  shall  be  obeyed. 

Could  I  but  obtain  the  honour  of  waiting  on  you,  I  would 
more  fully  apprise  you,  with  the  whole  Matter  of  fact ;  and  I 
assure  you  that  if  that  was  intirely  left  to  my  choice,  I  should 
soon  offer  myself  into  your  presence,  but  I  have  not  been  able 
hetherto  to  obtain  leave  of  the  government,  to  undertake  such  a 
Journey.  They  have  rather  been  pleased  to  order  my  Stay  at 
S*  Francois,  where  indeed  I  have  been  protected  against  a  multi- 
tude of  Enemies,  Especially  my  Brethren,  fhe  Jesuits;  who  have 
proclaimed  open  war  against  me,  but  thank  to  god,  I  have  found 
my  good  protection  amongst  those  of  the  English  Nation.   My 


I*!, 

f 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


339 


Indians  cannot  set  out  for  your  place  these  ten  days,  poverty 
hath  lengthened  their  hunting  Season,  and  is  the  real  cause  of 
this  delay  j  which  Excuse,  I  pray  you  to  accept  for  your  self, 
and  to  cause  it,  to  be  accepted  of  also,  by  the  Loups  and  the  Six 
Nations.  They  will  on  return  bring  me  your  Answer  and  what 
may  be  your  pleasure  in  regard  to  what  I  have  had  the  honour 
to  impart  to  you  above. 

I  Long  to  find  some  signal  opportunity,  I  don't  say  to  prove 
you  my  gratitude  ;  a  man  of  that  little  account,  as  I  am  ;  is  not 
capable  of  doing  it  in  a  manner  worthy  of  you.  but  at  least,  to 
show  you  some  part  of  that  most  Sincere  respect  and  attachment 
which  I  have  for  your  person.  I  never  was  fortunate  in  my 
whole  life,  and  I  told  it  to  myself  a  thousand  times,  that  I  was 
not  born  to  be  the  happy  Man.  But  I  have  erred  ;  &  I  am  happily 
convinced  thereof  from  the  moment  I  got  into  your  acquaintance, 
and  gained  your  friendship.  The  friendship  of  a  gentleman  like 
you,  is  a  fortune  of  Superior  value,  tis  a  good  so  transcendant, 
that  I  don't  think  I  have  ever  procured  myself  so  valuable  a  one 
since  I  was  born.  I  dare  to  subjoin.  Sir,  that  I  am  not  all 
together  Unworthy,  and  that  if  I  merit  such  distinction,  I  merritt 
it  by  these  sentiments  of  respect  devotion  and  atttachment, 
which  will  End  with  my  Life.  This  is  my  way  of  thinking,  it  is 
the  heart  that  dictates  all  I  write,  therefore  pardon  my  spinning  this 
Letter  to  such  unusuall  length.  When  the  heart  is  Engaged 
with  a  person  thoroughly  Esteemed,  it  hath  always  some  thing 
new  to  Impart. 

I  eagerly  wait  for  your  Answer,  as  I  hope  it  may  decide  some- 
thing in  my  favour,  and  will  perhaps  procure  me  the  honour  and 
pleasure  of  waiting  on  you  soon,  according  to  my  wishes. 

I  am  with  great  Respect  &c.  v: 


■^r-.. 


i.(. 


THE  SCHOOLMASTER  AT  CANAJOHARY  TO  S^  W"  JOHNSON. 


■  ;■  ■'■'I 


Canajohary  March  y«  22^  1764. 

Brother  Waronghyage     -i  i?  :«^)■■>^'g'a.>^.;!=    .    f  -.^yn^t  ^nv:-'.  >> 

The  most  Part  of  the  Indians  here  in  our  Castle  have  consent- 
ed and  agreed  that  I  should  instruct  their  children  to  read  and 
write,  I  do  also  consent  to  perform  the  same  if  they  entirely 


**. 


'r:\¥ 


•■.■■.] 


\H 


!■  : 


.«,» 


W 


840 


PAPBIUI  KELATINO  TO 


*  'i' 


agree  to  it.  I  think  it  would  be  good  also  if  you  would  adyist 
t4iem  to  act  in  Pursuance  thereof.  Some  of  them  like  me  well 
enough,  but  will  not  approve  of  having  their  children  chastised 
if  they  do  111.  I  would  have  you  to  write  to  me  how  I  am  to 
act  in  this  A£fair)  that  I  might  acquaint  them  what  is  your  Flea- 
sure  in  this  Respect.  I  am  very  certain  that  some  take  great 
Delight  in  having  their  children  instructed,  and  taught  to  rend 
and  write,  and  for  such  I  shall  use  more  than  common  zeal  to 
perform  the  Trust  in  me  reposed.  I  wish  you  could  send  me 
two  of  our  printed  Books,  for  I  want  them  very  much  for  two 
of  my  Scholars  that  are  pretty  fur  advanced  in  their  Learninff. 
please  to  send  them  with  my  Father  or  Mother  I  am  very 
scarce  of  Paper,  I  wish  you  could  assist  me  in  that,  as  also  with 
some  Quills  to  make  Writing  Pens 

Please  to  send  with  my  Mother  the  te-n  Pounds  wh^^  I  have 
with  you  yet,  and  I  shall  remain  your  Brother, 

Philip  Jonathan. 


M»  WEYMAN  10  SIR  W"  JOHNSON, 

ABOUT  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK. 


«  'J. 


ki-}' 


Sity 


New  York,  Sep*  17, 1764. 


Your  favour  of  August  22«J  1764,  I  received  and  duly  com- 
plied with  your  Orders  touching  y*  advertisement,  by  inserting 
it  in  y«  other  News  Papers  of  this  City,  besides  my  own. 

Your  E^ellency's  request  with  Regard  to  the  Indian  Prayet 
Book,  I  can  only  answer  by  saying  That  the  long  Indisposition 
and  Death  of  D'  Barclay  (which  since  y«  writing  of  yours  no 
doubt  you  heard  of)  put  a  total  Stop  to  its  Progress,  more  than 
^u  have  now  inclosed,  it  not  being  in  our  Power  to  revise  w 
correct  it  at  any  Rate  ;  so  that  'twill  require  your  appointment 
of  some  proper  Person  to  overlook  it  as  we  proceed  in  y"  Com- 
position. Before  the  Doctor's  Death  he  told  me  y«  Copy  he  had 
Was  Vastly  ^roneous,  whieh  took  him  up  a  good  deal  of  time  to 
eorrecft^  Mill  doubtfull  of  his  Cwn  Ci^acity,  having  not  studied 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


341 


y  Language  much  since  his  Call  here ;  and  partly  had  forgot  ic, 
bat  was  determined  to  do  his  best— adding  withal,  Tiiat  there 
was  some  Gentleman  (he  mentioned  his  name  to  me  but  I  forgot 
it)  who  had  a  more  perfect  Copy  than  his,  and  who  understood 
y«  Language  at  this  time  better  than  he  did ;— I  think  he  told 
me  it  was  your  Son,  or  one  by  y«  Name  of  Clausj  or  Closser  who 
then  was  absent  at  Quebeck,  Montreal,  or  some  other  distant 
Part  back  of  you,  or  y«  D'  would  have  wrote  to  have  got  it ; 
and  whether  he  ever  signify'd  it  to  you  I  cannot  tell  Thus  it 
rests.  I  have  one  half  sheet  of  y«  D"»  correcting  in  hand  j  y» 
Remainder  of  y«  Copy  is  at  his  Widdow's,  which  I  could  obtain 
8t  your  Request,  and  deliver  it  to  any  Person  you  chuse  should 
have  y«  Correction  of  it  and  y«  work  shall  proceed  directly,  ajg4 
be  finished. 

J  am.  Your  Excellency's 

Much  obliged  H>>i9  ^erviant       -^ 
W«  Wkywan. 


%*■ 


f  r 


>,rY 


REVD.  DR.  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON, 

Lebanon  24t»»  Oct'.  1764.    . 
Sir 

The  Commissioners  of  a  Bord  of  Corrispondents,  lately 
formd  by  a  Comission  of  the  Hon**'*  Society  in  Scotland  for 
Propagating  christian  knowledge,  some  time  ago  sent  M'. 
Occum,'  to  meet  Your  Honour,  on  Your  Return  from  your  late 

1  Sahson  Ocooh,  an  Indian  clergyman,  was  born  at  Mohegan,  near  Norwich, 
Conn.,  in  the  year  1723.  He  was  the  first  Indian  pupil  educated  at  Lebanon,  by 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Wheelock,  with  whom  he  entered  in  1742,  at  the  age  of  19,  and 
remained  with  him  4  years.  In  1748  he  taught  school  in  New  London,  and  about 
the  year  1756,  went  to  the  east  end  of  Long  Island,  where  he  opened  a  school  for 
the  Shenecock  Indians.  He  was  ordained  by  the  Satfolk  Presbytery  in  Augnat, 
1769.  In  Jan.  1761,  he  visited  the  Oneidas,  and  in  1766  was  sent  by  Mr.  Whee- 
lock to  England  with  Mr.  Whittaker,  the  Minister  of  Norwich,  in  order  to  pro* 
mote  tlie  interests  of  Moor's  School,  as  Mr.  Wheolock's  institution  at  Lebanon 
was  called.  As  Occum  was  the  first  Indian  preacher  that  visited  England,  he 
attracted  largo  audiences  and  preached  between  three  and  four  hundred  sennons. 


'A: 


!  til,; 


342 


TAPERS    RCLATINU    TO 


Tour  to  Lake  Erie,  in  Hopes  he  might  meet  You  before  the 
Parties  from  remote  Tribes,  who  had  Joyn'd  you,  should  be 
disperse<l ;  in  Order  to  make  Proposals  to  them  of  Recelvinir 
Missionaries,  and  School  Masters  among  their  respective  Tribes. 
But  when  M'.  Occum  came  to  N.  York  and  heard  that  you  was 
got  Home,  he  was  thereupon  advised  to  return,  and  accordingly 
did  so ;  by  which  Means  I  was  prevented  such  a  supply  of 
proper  youth  for  this  school  as  I  hoped  he,  with  your  assis- 
tance, and  Direction,  might  obtain  from  Tribes  more  remote 
than  I  have  yet  had.  Which  Disappointment  is,  in  part,  the 
occasion  of  the  present  trouble  given  your  Honour. 

The  Bearers  M'.  Kirtland,  and  Joseph  Woolley,"  come  to 
submitt  themselves  to  your  Hon'*  Direction  and  conduct  with 
Desire  to  learn  the  Seneca  and  Mohock  Languages,  and  while 
they  are  doing  that  to  teach  school  among  them  also,  if  it  may 
,  be,  to  procure  a  Number  of  likely  and  suitable,  youth  for  this 
school.  We  have  heard  of  a  promising  English  Youth,  whom 
you  have  sent  to  King  Thomas  at  Onoquagee,  and  also  of  one, 
Peter,  a  judicious,  and  religious  Indian  there,  and  also  of  two 
likely  Indian  Boys  whom  M'  Forbush  pointed  out  to  the  Commis- 

About  £1,000  were  collected  for  ekUblishing  Schools  among  the  American  AbD> 
rigincs.  This  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  Trustees  of  whom  the  Earl  of  Dart, 
mouth  was  the  principal,  and  Dr.  Whceluck's  School  was  removed  to  Hanover 

•  N.  H,  On  Occum's  return  he  labored  among  his  Countrymen,  and  removed 
eventually  in  1786  to  Brotherton,  near  Utica,  N.  Y.,  whither  many  Mohegans 
and  Montauks  accompanied  him,  and  where  he  died  in  July  1792,  aged  G9.  Ue 
was  accompanied  to  the  grave  by  upwards  of  300  Indians.    An  account  (if  the 

■  Indians  of  Montauk,  by  Occum,  is  published  in  the  Mass:  Hist:  Cull.  He  pub 
lished  a  sermon  at  the  execution  of  Moses  Paul  at  New  Haven,  Sept.  2, 1772 
and  much  of  his  correspondence  is  among  the  pajjcrs  of  the  Hist.  Soc.  of  Hart. 
ford,  Conn.  A  portrait  of  him  was  published  in  one  of  the  early  Vols,  of  the 
Evangelical  Mag.  McClure'iLi/e  of  Wheelock — Life  of  Countes*  of  Huntington. 


L^"?  '•.    ■* 


1  JosKPH  WooiLET  was  a  Delaware.  He  was  sent  by  Dr.  John  Brainerd  to  Dr. 
Wheelock's  school,  where  he  arrived  with  Hezekiah  Calvin,  another  Delaware, 
9  April  1757.  He  spent  the  winter  of  1764,  at  Onohoghquage  for  the  purpose 
of  learning  the  Iroquois  language.  He  was  licensed  to  teach  in  the  spring  of  1765, 
and  set  out  shortly  after  with  Rev.  Mr.  Smith,  on  his  return  to  his  previous  post  at 
the  Susquehannah  river,  but  he  fell  sick  at  Cherry  Valley,  and  died  in  the  course 
of  the  same  year.  He  is  represented  as  of  an  amiable  dispositiou  and  polished 
auuuiers. — £o. 


•  <l 


THE  SIX   MATIOMtf. 


343 


lioners  in  Boston,  for  an  English  Education.  If  Tour  Hon' 
advises  to  any,  or  all  of  these,  and  they  may  be  obtained,  I 
^ill  talce  them,  or  any  others  you  shall  think  proper,  to  the 
number  of  10.  or  15.  and  if  you  think  best  to  send  several 
Females  to  be  instructed  in  Housewifery  &c  I  will  receive  them. 

If  .here  shall  be  occasion  for  Woolley  to  return  to  accompany 
the  Children  liither,  please  to  Order  him  to  do  so,  and  if  there 
be  no  Door  open  for  their  attaining  the  other  End  of  their 
Journey,  they  will  both  Return. 

I  rely  upon  the  repeated  assurances  Your  Hon'  has  given  me 
of  your  Friendship  in  this  affair,  and  in  Confidence  thereof, 
recommend  these  young  men  to  your  Hon"  Patronage,  and 
fiubmitt  the  whole  to  your  Determination. 

The  Boys,  I  have  from  Your  Parts  behave  very  well,  better 
than  any  I  have  had  from  any  other  Quarter ;  and  it  seems  to 
me  they  are  really  a  much  better  Breed,  little  Peter  is  a  fine 
Oenius  indeed.  But  off  their  state,  and  the  state  of  my  school 
M'.  Kirtland  can  inform  you. 

I  look  upon 'myself  in  particular,  as  well  as,  upon  my  country 
in  general,  to  be  much  indebted  to  Your  Honour  for  Your 
indefatigable  and  (hitherto)  successful  Labors,  to  establish  a 
Peace  with  the  Natives,  upon  a  sollid  and  lasting  Foundation. 
May  God  requite  Your  Labour  and  Fatigue  with  that  peace 
which  is  the  peculiar  privilege  of  his  chosen.  I  am  with  most 
sincere  duty  and  Esteem,  may  it  please  Your  Honor. 

Your  Honour's  i   ?  A 

Most  obedient  and  •  '     '.••••( 

^ ' '  ••  <"  Most  Humble  Servant  -^  - 

>  -ruUi-.A  i-^'j'i'j^u^  lull',  (ii*i         Eleazar  Wheelock. 


U'J 


(    J.'.i>-   J 


i.'-';i      .. 


.;  I'.*,  /r!/   ,. 


I  *,i 


"■v  •;' 


IP  WEYMAN  TO  SIR  W^  JOHNSON. 


V-»!3i       ,  U  . 


liA 


New  York,  Nov  27, 1764. 
Sir  <. 

As  I  have  had  no  Directions  from  your  Excellency  how  to  act 

in  Regard  to  y«  Indian  Prayer  Book,  since  I  wrote  and  sent  you 

}-  Copy  Part  of  wliat  I  had  printed  ;  and  being  lately  informed 


'    'I 
•I 


^ , 


<fk 


344 


PAPSnS  RELATING   TO 


that  y«  Gentleman  I  mentioned  to  you  by  y«  Name  of  Capt 
Clause,  was  your  Son,  and  that  you  could  not  spare  him  to  come 
down  to  revise  and  correct  y*  Impression  here  j  I  therefore 
made  bold  to  apply  to  M*»  Barclay,  for  all  y«  Copy  relating  to  it 
that  she  could  find  in  y«  Doctor's  Library.  She  was  kind  to 
forward  it  down  to  me  this  Day  j  and  I  now  inclose  it,  imagin- 
ing, (unless  your  Excellency  has  some  Grentleman  here  to  unde^ 
take  its  Inspection)  that  its  being  transcribed  in  a  Very  fair 
legible  Hand  under  your  own  Eye,  and  by  y«-'  Assistance  of  yout 
Sou's  Copy,  the  Book  can  still  be  finished  j  as,  by  being  trans- 
mitted to  me,  in  a  fair  Manuscript,  or -other  plain  Alterations  to 
be  made  in  y"  printed  Copy  j  I  will  undertake  to  finish  it  to 
satisfection  in  y"  form  already  began,  and  keep*ie«er  fi)r  Letter 
with  y«  M.  S.  you  send  me.  I  inclose  another  set  of  what  I 
have  printed,  lest  y«  one  I  sent  before  may  have  miscarried. 

I  am.  Your  Excellency's 
]  very  obliged  Humble  Servant. 

W«  Weyman. 


>' 


'\ii 


I  *  »• 


CIRCULAR  OF  THE  SOCIETY  FOR  THE  PROMOTION  OF  ARTS, 

New-York,  IQth  Dec,  1764, 

A  very  laudable  Spirit  for  promoting  the  Welfare  of  this 
Colony,  begins  to  prevail  here— A  Society  is  already  formed, 
consisting  of  Person^  of  i^  Ranks,  who  propose  to  advance  hus- 
bandry, promote  Manufactures,  and  suppress  Luxury — Several 
Hundred  Pounds  are  already  subscribed,  and  paid  into  the 
Hands  of  Mr.  John  Vanderspiegel,  the  Treasurer — Other  neces-* 
sary  Oflicers  are  appointed,  and  several  Committees  formed  for 
the  good  Ends  more  fully  explained  in  the  Public  Papers  now 
inclosed. 

The  Society  have  thought  fit  to  Name  us  to  be  a  Committee 
for  Correspondence,  with  all  those  Gentlemen  at  a  distance  who 
may  be  willing  to  lend  their  Aid  for  the  general  Weal  of  the 
Colony. 


■lj»rv—»r.      fjf^t^^ 


,^J, 


m>'     >*4U   i       T»4'f.,, 


■*  (, 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


345 


In  Discharge  of  this  Trust,  we  beg  Leave  to  invite  you  to 
subscribe,  aud  to  take  as  many  Subscriptions  as  you  can  obtain, 
receive  the  Money,  and  transmit  it  to  the  Treasurer ;  to  be 
disposed  of  in  Premiums  as  the  Society  shall  hereafter  direct  j 
of  which  Premiums  many  will  fall  to  the  Share  of  the  Farmer. 
Xjie  Form  of  a  Head  for  the  Subscription-Roll,  is  added  at  the 
Foot  of  this  Letter.  And  we  think  it  necessary  further  to  men- 
tion, that  no  Subscription  under  Twenty  Shilling  will  be 
received;  and  that  a  Subscription  of  Five  Pound  entitles  the 
Subscriber  to  vote  in  the  Disposal  of  the  Funds. 

As  diffusing  a  Zeal  for  this  Undertaking  tliroughout  the  Pro- 
vince, will  probably  be  attended  with  the  most  beneficial  Effects, 
permit  us  to  urge  you  to  Form  a  Society  in  your  Neighbourhood, 
to  meet  as  often  as  tliey  conveniently  can,  to  correspond  with 
us,  aud  to  furnish  us  with  useful  Hints  relative  to  whatjuaay  be 
proper  to  Ml  under  the  Society's  Notice  j  and  particularly  what 
Branches  of  Husbandry  ought  to  be  encouraged  ;  and  for  what 
Manufactures  Premiums  ought  to  be  given ;  and,  in  general,  to 
suggest  all  Manner  of  proposals  that  may  be  for  the  Public  Bene- 
fit in  Arts,  Manufactures,  Agriculture  and  CEconomy. 

You  may  be  assured  that  a  proper  Respect  will  be  shewn  to 
your  Schemes,  Hints,  and  Proposals  j  and  that  they  will  be 
regularly  communicated  to  the  Society,  at  their  monthly  Con- 
ventions. 

We  are.  Your  very  Humble  Servants, 

Ch»  W.  Apthorf. 

L,';':"  J  7'J.  -'^"  W"  Smith  J» 

Wal*  Rutherfurd. 
Jn*  Morin  Scott. 
Ja«  Duajne.  %i,_ 

To  the  Honbie  gr  William  Johnson  Bart*  ?  ^ 

at  Johnson  Hall.  i, 


»0t«j?ti'»?n 

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Kit'fUf-i.,. 

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i-.'rii    ;',  •%;- 


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»*<  f  ( • 


346 


PAPERS   RELATING   TO 


SIR  W.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  CORRESPONDENOF 
OF  THE  SOCIETY  FOR  PROMOTING  ARTS  &c. 

Johnson  Hall  Jany  4tb  1765. 
Gentlemen, 

I  did  not  receive  your  favour  of  tlie  lO'h  ulto  till  a  few  days 
ago,  neither  had  I  a  moments  leisure  to  answer  it  till  now.  You 
may  be  assured  that  I  shall  think  myself  happy  In  any  opportu- 
nity of  promoting  the  Welfare  of  this  Province,  &  of  encouraging 
as  liu-  as  in  me  lyes  a  laudable  Spirit  for  tlmt  purpose,  which 
can  not  be  better  eflFected  tlian  by  the  Suppression  of  Luxury  & 
the  promoting  Husbandry  ana  Manufactures,  the  former  has  not 
as  yet  crept  in  to  tlie  parts  where  my  Interest  &  acquaintance 
chiefly  lyes,  to  any  Degree  requiring  a  restriction,  &  sho<'  rather 
think  fhat  a  little  turn  for  possessing  more  of  the  conveniencies 
of  Life  wo^  rather  stir  up  a  Spirit  of  Industry  am'st  the  people 
here,  wlio  tho'  they  have  Lands  well  Qualified  for  it,  nevertheless 
neglect  Husbandry  as  they  have  little  relish  beyond  the  mere 
necessarys  of  Life,  &  are  too  Indolent  in  Geni  to  Laborj  for 
more  than  a  bare  subsistence.  I  am  far  from  thinking  the  sup- 
pression of  Luxurvj  an  unnecessary  article,  on  the  Contrary  I 
most  earnestly  wish  that  the  people  of  America  may  be  prevail- 
ed upon  to  live  with"  the  bounds  prescribed  by  their  Rank  & 
fortune,  and  so  far  as  that  it  would  give  me  great  pleasure  to 
support  the  undertaking  as  well  as  to  encourage  Husbandry  in 
all  its  branches.  And  altho'  I  am  persuaded  you  will  not 
encourage  any  schemes  which  may  be  disagreable  to  the  Mother 
Country  Yet  you  must  allow  that  in  a  Society  composed  of  per- 
sons of  all  Ranks  some  things  may  at  least  be  proposed  by  some 
of  the  Members  which  cannot  be  pleasing  to  G*  Britain,  and  in 
which  I  couldn't  with  the  least  propriety  engage,  as  a  Servant 
to  the  Crown. 

The  Nature  of  my  Department  likewise  affords  me  little  time  to 
advert  to  matters  of  this  nature  which  I  presume  you  will  readily 
allow  when  I  assure  you  that  so  far  from  having  leisure  to  attend 
to  any  domestic  concerns,  I  cannot  command  the  ordinary  hours 
of  refreshment  amply  enjoyed  by  every  Labourer  in  the  province, 
&  tho'  I  might  give  myself  more  Ease  I  could  not  do  so  consist- 


*l. 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


347 


ent  with  myself  and  with  my  desire  to  promote  the  public 
Tranquility . 

I  must  request  your  Acceptance  of  JElO  Curr  which  I  shall 
Direct  M'  Darlington  of  N  York  to  pay  into  the  Treasurers  hands, 
and  if  circumstanced  as  I  am,  I  can  be  of  any  farther  service  to 
your  undertaking,  I  shall  most  ChearfuUy  comply,  to  convince 
you  how  much  I  am  a  Wellwisher  to  this  province  ■Uvh^i 

and  your  very  humble  Serv*.  f 


[i:     m 


■  »        ■» 


*m- 


»      ' 


KEV.  MR  BROWN  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 


I  have  received  y  kind  Favor  by  Paulus,  &  have^  hope) 

given  him  Satisfaction.    I  have  paid  him  in  cash         ^ 

2 
2 
1 


Bills  of  Ten  pounds 
Dt"  of  Two  Dt° 
Dt-'of  Jersey  iCS. 5  0 
In  gold  3.3  0 

Total  30  8 


I  have  likewise  Paid  to  M'  Ab™  Lyle  for  goods  Twenty  Pounds 
eighteen  shilling's,  so  that  I  have  paid  him  three  shillings  too 
much. 

I  shall  do  the  Duty  at  Albany  on  Sunday  next ;  but  propose 
being  at  the  Mohock  Castle  the  Sunday  following,  shall  therefore 
be  obliged  to  you  to  acquaint  the  Indians  of  it.  As  for  News  we 
expect  all  from  you  ;  we  are  quit  dull  &  stupid  in  this  Place. 
I  see  you  laugh  &  say  to  yself  when  was  you  otherwise.  How- 
ever the  Weather  being  Dull  &  Heavy  1  think  it  add's  to  my 
duUness  likewise,  so  shall  conclude  by  subscribing  myself 

■-.rn   yr  oblidged  Hum  Servt 
'»        '  **!  T :  Brown. 

Albany  Jan  8*h  1765  <  ^  -  ;*  j  •  n 


"i  '  i 


yUiA  I   -U 


<Sl. 


848 


PAPERS   RiXATINO  TO 


.4/ . 


V'.^ 


■v; 


ifi'f 


#t 


v*"] 

■I 

'  ^'i 

M 

if 

*i 

'A 

I 

^ 

»           1 

M 

1 

SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  SOCIETY  FOR  THE  PROMOTION 

OF  THE  ARTS. 

ir-(u^(im  m  Johnson  hall  Feby  27"'  1766. 

Gentlemen  •  '-t- 

I  have  received  your  favor  of  the  5'»»  Inst  and  I  am  very 
glad  to  hear  that  the  Society  do  not  avow  any  articles  affecting 
England,  as  such  would  have  evidently  apeared  in  the  Mother 
Country  to  be  the  result  of  rancour  and  passion,  which  might  be 
productive  of  Disagreeable  effects  to  tlie  province  in  General,  & 
I  am  Persuaded  that  a  due  attention  to  those  Improvements, 
which  can  in  no  wise  be  construed  to  afifect  his  Majestys  domin- 
ions a^ome  will  answer  many  Salutary  purposes. . 

The  state  of  Agriculture  in  this  country  is  very  low,  and  in 
short  likely  to  remain  so  to  the  great  Detriment  of  the  Province, 
which  miglit  otherwise  draw  many  resources  from  so  extensive 
and  valuable  a  Country,  but  the  turn  of  the  old  settlers  here  is 
not  mucli  calculated  for  improvement,  content  with  the  meer 
Necessaries  of  Life,  they  don't  chuse  to  purchase  its  superfluities 
at  the  expence  of  Labour  neither  will  they  hazard  the  smallest 
matter  for  the  most  reasonable  prospect  of  gain,  and  this 
principle  will  probably  subsist  as  long  as  that  of  their  equality, 
wliich  is  at  preseut  at  sueh  a  pitch  that  the  conduct  of  one 
neighbor  can  but  little  influence  that  of  another. 

Wheat  which  in  my  opinion  must  shortly  prove  a  drug,  is  in 
fact  what  they  chiefly  concern  themselves  about  and  they  are  not 
easily  to  be  convinced  that  the  Culture  of  other  articles  will  tend 
more  to  their  advantage.  If  a  few  of  the  Machines  made  use 
of  foi'  the  breaking  of  hemp  was  distributed  amongst  those  who 
liavc  Land  proper  for  the  purpose  it  might  give  rise  to  the 
culture  of  it — or  if  one  only  properly  constructed  was  sent  as  a 
model,  it  might  Stir  up  a  spirit  of  Industry  amongst  them,  but 
Seed  is  greatly  w^ted,  &  Cannot  be  procured  in  these  parts, 
and  the  Germains  (wlio  are  the  most  Industrious  people  here) 
are  in  general  in  too  low  circumstances  to  concern  themselvi: 
in  anything  attended  with  the  smallest  Expence,  their  Plaota- 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


349 


r 
'■*(■■    ', 

■■-J  '. 

tious  being  as  yet  in  their  infancy,  &  with  regard  to^  the  old 
Settlers  amongst  the  Germans  who  live  farther  to  the  Westward, 
they  have  greatly  adopted  the  sentiments  of  the  rest  of  the 
iohabitants.  The  Country  Likewise  labours  under  the  disadvant- 
age of  narrow,  and  (in  many  places)  bad  roads,  which  would  be 
still  worse  did  I  not  take  care  that  the  inhabitants,  laboured 
to  repair  tliem  according  to  law.  the  ill  Condition  of  Publick 
roads  is  a  Great  obstruction  to  husbandry,  the  high  Wages  of 
labouring  men,  and  the  great  number  of  tepling  houses  are 
likewise  articles  which  very  much  want  regulation.    These 
disagreeable  circumstances  must  for  sometime  retard  the  Pro- 
gress of  liusbandry  ;  I  could  heartily  wish  I  had  more  leisure  to 
attend  to  these  necessary  articles  of  Improvements  to  promote 
which  my  Influence  and  Example  should  not  be  wanting.    I 
bave  formerly  had  pease  very  well  split  at  my  mills,  and  I  shall 
set  the  same  forward  amongs't  the  people  as  far  as  I  can,  I  have 
Likewise  sent  for  Collections  of  many  Seeds,  and 'Usefull  grasses 
which  I  shall  Encourage  them  to  raise,  and  from  the  great  wants 
of  stock,  even  for  home  use,  &  Consumption,  I  am  doing  all  I 
can  to  turn  the  intention  of  the  inhabitants  to  raising  these 
necessary  articles,  for  the  purchase  of  which,  a  good  deal  of  cash 
has  hither  to  been  annually  carried  into  the  N.  England  Collonies. 
Before  I  set  the  Examples,  no  farmer  on  the  Mohock  River 
ever  raised  so  much  as  a  single  Load  of  Hay,  at  present  some 
raise  above  one  Hundred,  the  like  was  the  case  in  regard  to 
sheep,  to  which  they  were  intire  strangers  until  I  introduced 
them,  &  I  have  the  Satisfaction  to  see  them  at  present  possess 
many  other  articles,  the  result  of  my  former  Labors  for  promo- 
ting their  welfare  and  Interests,    my  own  T^nnants  amounting 
to  about   100  Familys  are  not  as  yet  in  circumstances  to  do 
much,  they  were  settled  at  great  Expence  and  hazard  dureing  the 
heat  of  the  War,  and  it  was  principally  (I  may  venture  to 
alfirra,  solely)  oweing  to  their  residence  &  mine,  that  the  rest  of 
the  inhabitants  did  not  all  abandon  their  settlements  at  that 
Distressfull  Period ;  But  tho'  my  Tennants  are  considerably  in 
my  Debt,  I  shall  yet  give  them  all  the  assistance  I  can   for 
encouraging  any  usefull  Branches  of  Husbandry,  which  I  shall 
contribute  to  promote  thro'out  the  rest  of  the  country  to  the 


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PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


Utmost  pf  my  power,  and  Communicate  to  you  any  material 
article  which  may  occur  upon  that  Subject. 

I  am 
Gentlemen,  your  very  humble  servant 
Mess".  Smith  &  Rutherfoord 


REV.  MR  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  March  28<i  1765 
Sli 

Your  Excellency's  Favour  of  February  19^  by  David  and 
Peter  came  safe  to  Hand.  I  thank  your  Excellency  most  heartily 
for  all  your  Condescension,  and  repeated  Favours  shown  me  • 
and  pafticularly,  for  your  love  for,  and  kindness  to,  my  dear  M' 
Kirtland.  I  have  been  concerned,  lest,  through  the  Zeal  and 
Vigour  of  his  youth,-  the  natural  Sprightliness  of  his  Genius,  and 
Unacquaintedness  with  the  Business  he  was  sent  upon,  he  would 
be  surprized  into  some  indecent  and  imprudent  Sallies.  But  my 
principal  confidence,  under  God,  has  been  in  that  paternal  care 
for  such,  which  I  take  to  be  a  Native  in  your  Excellency's  Breast. 
I  pray  your  Excellency  to  continue  your  paternal  Kindness 
towards  him-  and  whatever  Supplies  he  shall  stand  in  Need  of 
please  to  provide  him  with  the  same,  and  charge  them  to  my 
Account.  I  have  inclosed  to  him  an  Address  to  the  Chiefs  of 
the  Nations,  to  be  convened  by  your  orders  this  Month,  and  have 
desired  him  to  submit  the  same  to  your  Excellency's  censures, 
which  I  hope  you  will  not  at  all  spare,  out  of  Favour  to  me. 

I  am  well  pleased  with  Peter  and  David.  They  both  seem 
honestly  desirous  to  be  instructed. 

We  expect  to  have  Opportunity  to  recommend  to  your  Excel- 
lency's favourable  Notice,  two  likely  young  Gentlemen,  in  tlie 
capacity  of  Missionaries,  this  spring  ;  and  three  young  Indians 
of  this  School,  in  the  capacity  of  school  masters.  I  purpose 
also,  that  all  your  five  first  Boys  shall  come  home  this  Spring,  or 
by  some  Time  in  June,  to  visit  their  Friends,  and  return  to  me 
in  the  Fall.  It  is  proposed  that  they  shall  keep  Schools  under 
the  conduct  of  the  Missionaries.  , 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


351 


William  will  likely  make  a  fine  Boy.  He  behaves  very  well, 
j^  specimen  of  liis  Writing  I  inclose. 

I  liave  this  Week  received  a  Letter  from  the  Countess  of 
Huntingdon,'  wherein  she  expresses  great  Friendship  towards 
this  School,  &c.  And  as  your  Excellency's  Influence  is  great  at 
Home,  and,  in  these  affairs,  greater  than  any  other  Man's,  May 
not  I  use  the  Freedom  to  ask  for  the  Benefit  of  it  toward  the 
Support  and  Progress  of  this  School  1  I  think  it  will  be  a  great 
Pity  if  Party  Names,  and  circumstantial  Differences,  in  Matters 
of  Religion,  should  by  any  Means  obstruct  the  Progress  of  this 
so  great  and  important  Design  of  Gospelizing  the  Heathen. 

Please  to  let  the  Parents  of  these  Boys,  know,  that  they  are 
all  well ;  and  also  inform  them  of  their  proposed  Visit  to  them. 

I  hope  your  Excellency  will  be  able  to  obtain  the  Grand  son 
of  the  Onondaga  Sachem,  which  you  mentioned  to  me,  and  send 
him  with  M'  Kirtland,  whom  I  have  advised  to  visit  us  this 
Spring.         ^ 

And  that  God  may  long  preserve  your  valuable  and  important 
Life,  and  continue  and  increase  your  Usefulness  in  the  World,  is 
the  earnest  Prayer  of, 

May  it  please  your  Excellency,  '* 

your  much  obliged,  and 

most  obedient,  humble  Servant. 

Eleazar  Wheelock.    ^ 
His  Excellency,  Sir  William  Johnson. 

1  Sklima,  countess  of  Huntingdon  the  "  Countess  Matilda"  of  Wesleyism,  the 
Second  daughter  of  Washington  earl  of  Ferrars,  was  born  24  Aug.  1707,  & 
married  Theophilus  9th  Earl  of  Huntingdon.  After  a  severe  illness  she  abandoned 
her  former  habits  of  gayety  and  dissipation,  and  became  aUat  once  grave,  reserved 
and  melancholy.  Her  thoughts  were  wholly  absorbed  by  religion  and  she  employ- 
ed her  ample  resources  in  disseminating  her  principles  by  the  agency  of  Whitefield, 
Romalne  and  other  Methodist  Clergyman.  She  not  only  threw  open  her  private 
residence  to,  but  built  chapels  in  various  parts  of  England  for  the  accommodation 
of  their  followers,  and  erected  a  college  in  Wales  for  the  education  of  persons 
intended  for  the  Ministry.  She  was  the  patroness  of  Occum  whilst  he  remained 
in  England,  and  not  only  hospitably  entertained  him  in  her  house  but  introduced 
him  to  the  notice  of  several  of  the  Nobility.  She  was,  also,  a  generous  con- 
tributor to  Dr  Wheelock's  Indian  School.  She  died  full  of  years  and  piety  at  her 
house  in  Spaflclds,  London,  on  the  17th  June  1791.  There  is  a  portrait  of 
her  prefixed  to  Life  and  Timti  of  Selina  Countets  of  Huntingdon,"  London. 
1844  2  T.  8vo  in  the  State  Lib. 


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■'  *'' 

-'  Mi 


352 


PAPERS  RELATING   TO 


REV.  MB.  WHEELOCK'S  ADDRESS 


hit 


H  hX 


To  the  Sachems  and  Chleft  of  the  Mohawk,  Oneida 
Tuscarora,  and  other  Nations  and  tribes  of  Indians 
My  Brethren  and  Friends 

I  have  had  you  upon  my  heart  ever  since  I  was  a  boy,  I  have 
pitied  you  on  account  of  your  wordly  poverty,  but  much  more 
on  account  of  the  perishing  case  your  precious  souls  are  in,  with- 
out the  Icnowledge  of  the  only  true  God  and  Saviour  of  Sinners. 
I  have  prayed  for  you  daily  for  more  than  thirty  years,  that  a 
waj^  might  be  opened  to  send  the  gospel  among  you,  and  you  be 
made  willing  to  receive  it.  And  I  hope  God  is  now  answerin? 
the  prayers  that  haye  long  been  made  for  you,  and  that  the  time 
of  his  Mercy  to  your  perishing  nation  is  near  at  hand. 

Some  years  "igo  I  educated  M'  Occum  (who  has  been  a  little 
while  with  some  of  you)  with  hopes  that  God  would  make  him 
an  instument  of  great  good  to  my  poor  brethren  the  Indians. 
He  labored  a  number  of  years  with  the  Indians  at  Montauk  • 
and  was  a  mean  of  much  good  to  that  tribe,  and  also  an  instru- 
ment of  good  to  some  in  New  England,  and  I  hope  did  a  little 
good  to  you  in  the  short  time  he  was  with  you. 

4.fter  I  had  educated  M'  Occum,  and  saw  no  other  way  to 
help  the  perishing  Indians,  there  being  no  door  open  to  send 
missionaries  among  them,  I  determined  On  setting  up  an  Indian 
School  to  teach  their  Children,  that  when  they  had  got  their 
learning,  they  might -return  home,  and  in  their  own  language 
teach  their  brothe^,  sisters  and  friends  the  way  of  Salvation  by 
Jesus  Christ. 

And  accordingly  I  began  this  School  more  then  ten  years  ago. 
I  first  took  two  boys  of  the  Delewares,  but  one  of  them  died 
when  he  was  almost  fit  for  College,  the  other  went  to  College 
and  when  he  was  almost  through,  was  overcome.by  strong  drin]^, 
and  by  this  he  grieved  my  very  heart.  I  hope  he  would  have 
been  good,  and  I  hope  yet  that  God  will  have  mercy  on  him  and 
make  him  good  before  he  dies. 

I  am  now  sending  you  eight  of  your  sons,  whom  I  have  learned 
to  read  and  write  weU.    I'lie  ministers  who  have  joined  with 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


^6Z 


me  to  help  forward  the  great  design  of  Christianizing  the  Indians, 
have  examined  them,  and  recommend  two  of  them  with  Joseph 

Woolly^  to  be  school  masters,  where  they  can  find  the  Indians 
willing  to  have  their  children  taught :  the  other  six,  though 
they  can  read  and  write  well  enough  to  teach  a  school,  yet  we 
think  they  are  too  young  to  be  masters.  We  are  afraid  your 
children  will  not  mind  them  ;  and  therefore  have  ordered  them 
to  teach  your  children,  under  the  direction  of  the  missionaries, 
till  next-fall ;  and  then  they  are  to  return  to  this  school  to  get 
more  learning ;  and  I  hope  some  of  them  will  be  fit  in  time  to 
preach  Christ  to  you,  if  God  shall  please  to  give  them  good  hearts. 

Now  I  assure  you,  my  brethren,  in  what  I  have  done,  and  am 
doing,  I  have  no  interest  of  my  own  in  view  ;  but  I  have  com- 
passion upon  your  precious  souls,  for  whom  Christ  died,  and 
which  must  be  lost  and  miserable  for  ever  unless  you  be  made 
to  know  him,  and  the  way  of  life  by  him,  and  so  to  partake  of 
the  great  salvation,  which  he  has  purchased  for  us. 

Two  ministers  are  coming  to  you  from  nly  schoo  ,  who  are 
gent  to  you  by  the  commissioners,  and  they  are  men  of  learning, 
have  had  a  liberal  education,  and  are  able  to  teach  you  the  way 
of  salvation  by  Christ.  And  they  love  you  much  j  they  do  not 
come  to  get  money,  nor  to  get  away  your  lands,  nor  to  clieat  or 
wrong  you  in  any  thing,  but  only  to  do  you  good.  And  yoa 
may  depend  upon  it,  I  will  never  willingly  send  one  to  preach 
the  gospel  to  you,  who  has  any  higher  view  than  to  save  your 
souls.  That  is  the  errand  these  men  come  upon,  and  as  such 
you  must  receive  them^  and  treat  them  kindly.  .i:  t  <.lir-  t 

David  Fowler,!  who  has  been  educated  at  my  school,  and  is 

1  DiTiD  FowuB  was  a  Montauk  Indian,  entered  the  Indian  School  at  Leba> 
non,  about  1769.  Ho  early  shewed  an  aptitude  for  agriculture,  and  it  was  Dr. 
Wheelock's  opinion  that  he  would  make  a  good  farmer  if  he  should  ever  have 
the  advantage  of  experience.  In  June,  17C1,  he  accompanied  Sampson  Occom 
to  the  Oneidas  and  returned  in  August  with  three  Indian  youths.  He  wag 
approved  as  an  Indian  teacher  in  March,  1765,  and  set  out  accordingly  for  the 
Oneida  Nation  on  the  29th  of  April.  He  shortly  after  wrote  Dr.  Wheelock  the 
Mowing  letter  from  his  new  residence  . — 

"  Kanavarohare,  in  Oneida,  June  16, 1765. 
"  Honored  and  Rev.  Sir 

"  This  is  the  twelfth  day  since  I  hegan  my  school ;  and  eight  of  my  scholars 
arc  now  in  the  third  page  of  their  spelling  book.    I  never  saw  children  exceed 

Vol.  IV.  m 


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PAPERS   RELATING  TC 


one  of  the  school  masters  before  mentioned,  I  now  send  to  keep 
school  among  you,  to  teach  your  children,  if  you  will  receiye 
hin^. 

He  is  a  rational,  sprightly,  active  young  man  ;  and  I  believe 
you  will  find  him  to  be  very  honest  and  faithi\il.  He  comeg 
only  to  do  you  good.  His  friends  at  Montauk  iiave  sent  to  me 
earnestly  desiring  that  he  might  come  there  and  teach  their 
ohildi-en ;  but  I  have  otiten  het<rd  that  you  desired  greatly  to  be 
taught,  and  I  Iiope  he  will  do  more  good  among  you,  apd  there- 
fore I  send  him  to  you.  I  hope  you  will  be  kind  to  him  as  one 
of  your  own  people,  and  help  him  to  live  among  you.  I  hope 
you  will  help  him  to  get  a  house,  and  let  Kim  have  some  of  your 
land  to  plant  and  sow ;  and  he  will,  besides  teaching  your  chil 
dren,  help  and  instruct  you  in  managing  husbandry ;  which  you 
must  learn  il'  you  expect  God  will  increase  your  number,  and 
bHild  you  up,  and  make  you  his  people. . 

I  hear  that  some  of  the  Indians  think  it  to  be  a  mean  thing, 
and  below  men  to  work  in  the  field,  that  it  belongs  only  to 
wpmen.    This  thought  is  not  right  nor  pleasing  to  God. 

The  first  work  he  sat  man  about,  and  that  before  he  ever  had 
sinned,  when  he  was  more  honorable  than  any  mere  man  has 
ever  been  since,  was  to  till  the  ground  to  get  his  living  by  it. 

these  in  learning.  The  number  of  my  scholars  is  twenty  six,  but  it  is  dlfScnlt  to 
keep  them  together  ;  they  are  often  roving  about  from  place  to  place  to  get 
something  to  lire  upon.  I  am  also  teaching  a  singing  school.  They  take  great 
pleasure  in  learning  to  sing.  We  can  already  carry  three  parts  of  several  tunes. 
I  am  well  contented  to  live  here,  so  long  as  I  am  in  such  great  business.  I 
believe  I  shall  persuade  the  men  in  this  castle,  at  least  the  most  of  them,  to 
labour  next  year.  They  begin  now  to  see,  that  they  could  live  better  if  tbe^ 
cultivated  their  lands,  than  they  do  now  by  hunting  and  fishing. 

*'  I  ask  the  continuance  of  your  prayers,  that  God  would  give  me  grace,  and 
fill  my  heart  with  love  of  God  and  compassion  to  perishing  souls  :  and  that  God 
would  make  me  an  instrument  of  winning  many  souls  to  Christ,  before  I  lean 
this  world. 

"  Please  to  accept  much  love  and  respect,  fh>m  your  affectionate  and  unworthy 
pupil,  "  David  Fowiib," 

The  famine  which  visited  western  N.  York  this  year  obliged  the  Oneidas  to 
remove  in  search  of  food  to  another  quarter,  and  David  Fowler  returned  to  N. 
England  for  f\irther  aid.  We  have  no  means  of  following  up  the  remainder  of 
bis  career,  but  he  is  stated  to  'iave  been  alive  in  1811  at  Oneida,  an  industrious 
farmer  and  useful  man. — En. 


THE  SIX  MATIONV. 


365 


And  after  man  had  sinned,  God  told  him  he  should  get  his 
living  by  the  sweat  of  his  face,  and  he  has  commanded  us  in  the 
fourth  commandment  to  work  six  days  in  the  week.  And  often 
in  bis  word  testified  his  displeasure  against  those  who  will  not 
work  for  a  living.  Tiiis  earth  is  all  Ood's  land,  and  lie  will 
have  it  all  cultivated.  So  long  as  there  are  not  people  enough 
to  inhabit  the  earth,  God  lets  the  wild  beasts  have  it  for  their 
dwelling  place  ;  and  a  few  lazy  savage  people  he  suffers  to  live 
a  hungry  miserable  life  by  himting.  £ut  when  the  children  of 
men  grow  numerous,  and  ^vant  the  earth  to  cultivate  for  a 
living,  the  wild  beasts  must  give  place  to  them,  and  men  must 
improve  the  land  for  God  ;  if  they  do  not  they  are  bad  tenants 
and  must  be  turned  off  as  such.  If  you  will  not  cultivate  God's 
land,  you  cannot  expect  that  God  will  greatly  multiply  you.  I 
speak  this  on.y  for  your  good :  I  propose  no  advantage  to 
myself  nor  to  any  otlier,  but  you  and  your  posterity  by  it. 

When  you  improve  your  land,  and  provide  a  living  for  your- 
selves and  families  in  that  way,  you  will  live  much  easier  and 
better  than  you  now  do  or  can  do  by  hunting.  And  when  your 
game  is  gone,  you  will  not  have  occasion  to  remove  to  another 
place,  or  to  go  a  great  way  to  catch  wild  creatures  to  live  upon 
as  Indians  have  been  forced  to  do ;  but  you  will  live  as  well 
without  them  as  with  them,  by  the  produce  of  your  own  farms. 
And  then  you  will  be  under  circumstances  to  have  ministers 
and  school  masters  settled  among  you ;  and  will  be  able  to  sup- 
port them  according  to  the  laws  of  Christ,  to  teach  you  and 
your  children  the  great  things  that  concern  your  peace  with 
God,  and  the  eternfd  salvation  of  your  precious  souls ;  and  so 
you  may  soon  become  a  learned  and  knowing  people.  And 
then  you  will  be  in  no  danger  of  being  imposed  upon  and  cheat- 
ed, as  you  have  been  by  bad  men,  who  care  not  what  becomes  of 
Indians,  if  they  can  only  get  your  lands,  and  cheat  and  wrong 
yon  in  other  things.  I  pity  you  greatly  on  these  accounts ;  and 
I  wish  you  would  mind  what  I  say  to  you.  I  greatly  desire  you 
may  become  a  great,  and  good,  and  very  happy  people. 

David  Fowler  can  tell  you  how  God  has  dealt  with  Indians  in 
New  England,  and  how  they  now  begin  to  see  their  error,  and 
amend  their  doings.  w  l  ■"  i"      ■  ■"'" 


n 


f  .-; 


.   », 


ii' 


n 


S66 


PArBXS   RUJlTlirO  TO 


I  thank  you  for  the  kindness,  which  some  of  you  have  shewn 
to  my  dear  M'  Kirkland,  whom  I  sent  into  your  country  last 
fall.  His  heart  is  bent  to  do  good  to  the  Indians.  He  denies 
himself  all  the  pleasure  and  honors  wliicli  he  might  have  here 
among  his  friends,  only  to  do  you  good.  I  hope  you  will  con- 
tinue your  kindness  to  him,  and  treat  him  as  my  child.  I  hope 
God  will  make  him  an  instrument  of  great  good  to  the  Indians. 

I  wisli  you  all  the  happiness  in  this  world  and  the  world  to 
come.  I  design  by  God's  help  to  do  all  the  good  I  can  to  the 
poor  miserable  Indians  as  long  as  I  live;  and  when  you  can 
pray  to  God  lor  yourselves,  then  pray  also  for  me.  I  hope  I 
•hall  live  in  heaven  with  many  of  you,  and  that  we  shall  rejoice 
together  in  l)eholding  our  glorified  Redeemer  forevermore. 
Amen. 

Eleazar  Wueixock. 

Lebanon,  April  29, 1765. 


BEV»  M»  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  W  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon,  29th  April,  1765. 
Sir,  May  it  please  your  Excellency, 

The  Bearer,  David  Fowler,  has  been  for  some  Time  hi  this 
School ;  and  is  a  youth  of  good  Abilities,  whose  activity  &  Pru- 
dence, Fortitude  &  Honesty  have  much  recommended  him  to 
me.  He  comes  with  Design  if  he  meets  with  proper  encourag- 
ment  to  settle  down  among  the  Oneyada's  (unless  some  other 
place  more  inviting  presents)  in  the  capacity  of  a  School  Master; 
and  also  (so  far  as  that  Business  will  allow)  has  a  Design  to  set 
them  an  Example  of  Agriculture  for  his  Support :  and  do  what 
he  can  to  recommend  that  manner  of  living  to  the  Indians. 

And  if  he  can  be  accomodated  to  his  mind  he  has  Thoughts 
as  soon  as  he  has  prepared  a  Habitation  &c  to  return  and  marry 
a  very  amiable  Girl,  whom  I  have  been  educating  for  the  Pur- 
pose, and  who  will  be  a  good  Assistant  in  prosecuting  the  Design. 

And  as  the  Life  and  Success  of  the  whole,  under  God,  very 
much  depends  upon  your  Excellency's  countenance  3  I  bare 


. 


THE  SIX  KATIONB. 


357 


gdTised  him  to  submitt  the  whole  to  jour  Direction  and  conduct, 
not  doubting  but,  so  far  as  the  crowd  of  your  Affairs  will  allow, 
you  will  favour  him  with  such  Instructions,  and  Recommenda- 
tion, as  you  shall  think  needAil,  or  useful  for  him. 

It'  M'  Kirtland's  Conduct,  in  Indian  Affairs,  has  been  agreable 
to  you,  and  the  Prospect  of  his  usefulness  he  such  as  is  worthy 
Dncouragment,  a  Recommendation  from  vour  Excellency  would 
be  of  great  service  therein. 

I  conclude  you  have  seen  in  the  public  Prints,  the  Resolves 
of  this  Board  of  Corrispondents  on  the  12th  ult°,  to  send  severel 
Missionaries,  and  School  Masters  into  your  country.  But  having 
no  Fund,  we  have  been  seeking  a  meet  Person  to  accompany  M' 
Occom,  or  some  other  Indian  from  this  school,  to  Europe  to  ask 
the  Cliarity  and  Assistance  of  good  people  towards  the  support 
of  the  Plan  we  have  laid. 

The  Board  of  Corrispondents  in  N.  Jersey,  have  been  applied 
to  for  M'  Brainerd,'  but  for  several  Reasons  he  cant  be  obtained. 
I  have  now  wrote  M'  Charles  J.  Smith  to  undertake  in  that 
affair,  but  who  will  be  the  man  is  not  yet  determined.  M'  John 
Smith  Merch*  in  Boston  is  going  to  England  in  May  or  June, 
who  will  be  employed  in  the  affair  so  far  as  may  be  consistant 
with  his  Business  and  Character,  if  no  Clergyman  can  be  obtain- 
ed for  that  purpose.  And  a  Recommendation  of  the  Affair  to 
Gentlemen  at  Home,  by  your  Excellency,  may  be  of  very  great 
service  to  the  Furtherance  of  it,  and  likely  of  much  greater 
service  to  it  than  any  other  man's,  as  your  Connections  are,  and 
your  Character  now  rising  in  the  Kingdom. 

If  Your  Excellency  will  condesend  to  favour  us  and  The 
Design  in  these  Respects  we  shall  esteem  it  to  be  a  singular 
Favour. 

I  have  ordered  David  to  make  ready  8  or  10  likely  Boyg,  such 
as  you  shall  approve  for  this  School,  by  that  Time  the  rest  of 
my  Boys  arive  to  you,  by  whom  I  shall  send  a  Lad  to  accom 
pany  hither  those  he  thus  prepares  for  me,   unless  Joseph 
WooUey's  coming  with  them  sho^  prevent  me. 

U       "^^     ^tiU     'c-/^-     i 

1  Rev.  Jonit  Bbaivkkd  was  brother  to  the  celebrated  David  B.  and  like  him 
an  Indiap 'Missionary.  He  graduated  in  Yale  in  1746.  His  labours  were  chiefljr 
among  the  Indians  of  New  Jersey.    He  died  in  1780. 


^ 


i-^^- 


^  . 


\  t 


lis 


u 


♦f 


358 


PAPiSRS  RELATING  TO 


And  that  Almighty  God  may  support  you  under  all  your  Toil 
&  Labours  for  your  King  &  Country,  and  late,  very  late,  reward 
the  same  with  himself  is  the  Prayer  of j 

May  it  please  your  Excellency 

Tour  Excellency's  most  Obedient, 
and  most  Humble  Servant 

Eleazar  Wheklock. 

P.  S.— Your  Boys  are  all  well  excepting  that  little  Ellas 
received  a  bad  blow  with  a  Ballstick  from  one  of  his  mates  as 
they  were  playing  together  but  he  is  in  a  way  to  be  well  soon. 

Sir  William  Johnson. 


MV>  SAMUEL  HRTLAND  tO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON. 

Canesedage*  IT  June  1765.  • 
Sir. 

I  arrived  safe  here  30*>>  May,  after  a  very  fatiguing  Journey 
rec^  little  or  no  assistance  fit>m  my  ungrateftil  Fellow  Travel- 
lers. 

Pve  answer'd  y«  two  belts  by  which  they  demanded  Provis- 
ions for  y*  Women  &  Children,  Trade  &c  they  have  made  do 
return.  I  apprehend  are  a  little  guilty  9l  ashamed  of  y«  mean 
part  they  acted.  The  Sachem  Jcnew  nothing  of  their  sending  yt 
large  belt  for  Provisions  &c.  was  surprised  to  hear  of  their 
unreasonable  demands.  The  Sachem  and  several  others  do 
really  appear  friendly,  in  general  they  treat  me  with  no  more 
respect  than  they  would  shew  to  a  dog — but  this  is  equal  to  me. 
I  believe  a  little  more  Provision  than  Pm  like  to  get  here, 
wiU  be  necessary  for  my  subsistence  thi?  summer.  The  Indians 
from  above  living  so  much  upon  this  Town  since  y«  general 
meeting,  has  created  a  great  scc^city  of  Provisions.    I  suppose 

1  Fur  the  site  of  this  town  also  written  Ganadeaagay,  see  Guy  Johnson's 
Indian  Map  in  this  vol.  It  is  said  that  this  was  the  original  name  of  Geneva, 
Ontario  Co.,  but  in  the  Col.  Johnson's  Map  the  Indian  Castle  is  laid  down  10 
miles  west  of  the  h«ad  of  Seneca  liikj.        ■»>      :■■•'•    -   --—  ■    -  -  -   -       ^ 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


359 


there  is  not  3  bushels  of  Indian  Com  in  y  Castle,  when  I  went 
from  hence  last  spring  they  were  well  stored.  Could  I  have 
a  plenty  of  fresh  venison  &  bears  flesh,  I  would  do  without 
bread,  y*  staff  of  Life,  but  to  have  little  of  either  &  y  most  of 
yt  little  rotten,  I  think  may  be  call'd  coarse  fare. 

It  was  said  in  y«  Ancient  puritanick  times,  y*  man  should  not 
live  by  bread  alone, — The  Modern  ages  it  seems  have  degene- 
rated, especiaUy  in  these  parts,  for  we  are'like  to  be  denied  any 
bread  at  all. 

I  design  (god  willing)  to  be  down  about  twenty  days  from 
hence.  I've  wrote  desiring  Cap*  Butler  to  make  ready  Provis- 
ion for  me  against  my  arrival,  your  Excellency  approving  y« 
same.  I  dont  doubt  but  ReV*  M'  Wheelock  would  think  it 
expedient,  it  will  be  to  j*  credit  of  y«  Design,  as  well  as  my 
comfort  &  support.  Tho'  success  in  my  present  undertaking  be 
uncertain,  I  must  make  a  trial  of  3  or  4  years,  yt  I  may  answer 
with  a  clear  Conscience  before  Almighty  God.  My  obligations 
&om  without  are  considerable,  but  much  greater  from  within. 
1  snbmit  it  wholly  to  your  Excellency,  whose  direction  and 
advice  I  esteem  infinitely  preferable  to  my  own;  also  for  whose 
former  undeserved  kindness  and  condesention,  I  desire  to  renew 
most  humble  thanks. 

That  Success  &  Prosperity  may  crown  all  your  Excellency's 
undertakings,  is  j*  sincere  wish  of  him.— who  is  with  greatest 

esteem      .^  ' ,  t1',,,;"V  /  -■  /  '■  '•  "  •  >  =  ■  "■• 

■  . '    Tour  Excellencys  1^^ 

most  •bedient  &  . 

obliged  humble  servant 

S.   KiRTLAND. 

His  Excellency  S'  W"  Johnson. 

P.  S^  I  shall  go  down  by  water,  with  one  or  two  Indians 
who  have  invited  me  to  go  with  them  for  sake  of  learning  y« 
Language. 

I  have  not,  nor  shall  I  acquaint  them  y^  I  have  any  thoughts 
of  getting  Provision  up  here, 


lot 


•f,„..,.j,i,. 


4»+»i>i^.. 


'  .V  .  ^^  V 


I 


.1 


»      ;  1 


r   ."-, 


Jf^l'i^l^ 


I* 


■*!? 

*'i* 


K 


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360 


PAPBRS   RELATING  TO 


ia..      REVD  M»  WHEELOCK TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON,   ^-^rfr 

Lebfuion  21it  Octr  1765. 
Sir,  May  it  please  your  Excellency. 

The  Bearer  a  Narraganset  Indian  with  a  number  of  that  Tribe 
desire  me  to  write  you  in  their  Favour.  I.  am  not  acquainted 
with  their  Case  only  by  common  Fame  and  it  has  been  often 
said  that  a  number  of.  that  Tribe  appear  more  spirited  to  culti- 
vate their  Lands,  and  live  by  the  Produce  of  them,  than  here- 
tofore they  have  been,  but  that  they  are  like  to  be  prevented 
tiierein  by  a  drunken  Sachem  who  has  got  in  Debt,  and  is  selling 
tlieir  Lands  fast  to  the  English,  Your  Excellency  no  doubt 
knows  their  Case  much  better  than  I  do,  and  will  be  ready  to 
prevent  the  Evil  they  fear  if  it  be  in  your  power. 

Sir.  I  am  ordered  by  the  Board  of  Corrispondents  in  the 
Colony  of  Connecticut  to  return  your  Excellency  their  grateful 
acknowledgment  of  your  favourable  recommendation  of  this 
Indian  School  &c.  and  for  all  the  Expressions  of  your  Favour 
and  Friendship  towards  the  Important  Design  of  Inlarging  & 
advancing  the  kingdom  of  the  Redeemer  among  the  Savage?, 
and  to  Express  their  best  Wishes  for  your  temporal  and  eternal 
Felicity.  We  rely  upon  your  Friendship,  and  would  by  no 
means  justly  merit  the  Contrary. 

I  am  obliged  to  write  in  utmost  Hurry  &  Confusion  or  not 

embrace  this  Favourable  opportunity   of  Conveyance  which 

your  Groodness  will  readily  enough  consider  as  an  Excuse  for 

what  is  so  unfashionably  offered  by  Hon^  Sir. 

your  Excellency's  much  obliged  and 

^"^^  most  Obed*  Humble  Servant 

Eleazar  Wheelock. 
Sir  Will™  Johnson. 

SIR  W.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  THOMAS  BARTON. 


il*  i   M  i 


.#■ 


Johnson  Hall  Nov  I^K  1765. 


Sir 

I  have  had  the  favor  of  yours,  and  I  am  ranch  obliged  to  you 
for  the  trouble  you  have  given  yourself  about  the  Electrical 


* 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


361 


Aparatus  &c  and  for  your  polite  &  friendly  offers  of  Service  of 
which  I  may  now  &  then  avail  myself. 

The  Interest  I  have  in  the  Welfare  of  the  Indians,  &  my 
sincere  regard  for  their  happiness  has  induced  me  at  all  times  to 
give  proper  Introductions  &  Assistance  to  the  Missionarys  sent 
amon£;st  them,  and  if  my  becoming  a  Member  of  the  Society 
will  increase  my  power  to  forward  so  good  an  undertaking  I 
shall  not  hesitate  to  agree  to  M'  Auchmutys  kind  proposal,  to 
whose  civility  I  am  much  obliged  and  must  beg  the  favor  of  you 
to  transmit  him  my  hearty  thanks  for  his  intentions  relative  to 
me,  assuring  him  that  I  can  have  no  Objection  to  becoming  a 
member  of  so  Venerable  a  body. 

I  shall  be  Extremely  glad  to  hear  of  your  Welfare  or  to  serve 
whenever  in  my  power  as  I  am. 

The  Rev*'  M'  Barton^ 

■> 

^'Bevd  Thomas  Barton,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1780.  He  was  a  graduate  of 
r  !ty  Coll.,  Dublin.  In  1754,  the  Society  for  the  Prop,  of  the  Gospel,  erected 
ssion  for  the  counties  of  York  and  Cumberland,  Fa  ,  and  appointed  Mr. 
Darton  to  it,  he  having  brought  over  with  him,  and  laid  before  the  Society  a 
certificate  from  the  Trustees  and  Professors  of  the  Philadelphia  Coll.,  that  he 
had  been  more  than  two  years  employed  as  an  assistant  in  that  Institution,  and 
diwiiarged  his  duty  to  their  full  satisfaction,  and  therefore  joined  in  recommend- 
ing him  as  a  proper  person  for  the  Society's  service.  This  being  a  frontier 
settlement,  its  duties  were  particularly  onerous.  He  had  to  ride  148  miles  every 
lix  weeks  to  attend  his  three  congregations,  and  oft«n  at  the  head  of  his  people 
weat  to  oppose  the  Savages  when  desolating  the  neighboring  settlements.  He 
served  in  1758  as  Chaplain  in  the  expedition  against  Fort  Duquesne,  and  thui 
became  acquainted  with  Washington  fta4  other  distinguished  Officers. 

In  1770  he  received  the  degree  of  A.  M.,  from  King's  Coll.,  New  York. 
On  the  breaking  out  of  the  revolution  he  adhered  to  the  Royal  cause  and 
vas  in  ooDsequ^nce  pla(Ced  on  the  limits  of  his  county,  and  afterwards 
confined  to  his  house.  He  continued  thus  a  prisoner  two  years,  and  at  last 
fonnd  himself  under  the  necessity  of  leaving  his  family  and  parish,  after  a 
service  of  20  years,  and  withdrawing  to  New- York,  where  he  arrived  in  Novem- 
ber,  1778.  His  long  confinement  to  his  house  impaired  his  health,  and  brought 
on  a  dropsy,  under  which  he  languished  until  the  25th  May,  1780,  when  he 
yielded  to  Ws  fate  at  the  age  of  §0  years.  He  lePk  in  Pennsylvania,  a  widow,  and 
eight  children  by  a  former  wife.  The  well  known  Prof.  Barton,  of  the  Univer- 
dty  of  Penn.,  was  his  son.    En.. 


I  41 


*  -t 


'41 


r 


t  ^ 


\ 


mt 


u 


PAPERS   RKLATINO  TO 


rM 


■■ri^  ••trt': 


CHURCHWARDENS  OF  SCHENECTADY  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

Schonactady  20^  December  1765 

As  the  Congr^ation  of  the  Church  of  England  have  come  to 
a  Resolution  to  petition  his  Excellency  the  Governor  to  grant 
them  a  Charter  to  Secure  their  Rights  and  privileges  in  the 
Church  built  here,  they  beg  leave  to  lay  their  petition  before 
you  for  your  approbation,  and  likewise  beseech  you  Sir  to 
Honour  them  with  an  Acceptance  of  beeing  one  of  the  Trus- 
tees in  the  Charter  if  <  i*}  can  be  Obtained,  as  we  then  can 
have  no  doubt  if  a  Gentleman  of  your  known  Merit  and  Char- 
ecter  will  Espouse  our  Cause  it  will  prevent  for«the  iuture  tho 
presbyterians  from  makeing  any  unjust  attemps  on  the  privi- 
ledges  in  the  Church  we  hope  you  will  graciously,  Honoiu-  us 
with  an  answer  as  soon  as  your  Leisure  will  permit  which  will 
confere  the  most  GratefuU  Obligation  on  our  Congregation,  and 
in  a  perticular  manner  on  your  Honors  Most 

Obedient  humble  serviints 
J  W  Brown 
Matthew  Lyne 

RiCHD  CULLIN 
JONATHN  OgDEN 


C?Jt*» 


iiL^qniii 


'f   f-.' 


.V..<-J    * 


^tv.    REVD  SAMUEL  KIRTLAND  TO  SIR  W^  JOHNSON.    " 
Sir.  'I^J;^; 

I  wrote  your  Honour  sometime  past  by  Onuhsocktea  &  y'two 
white  men  from  Niagara,,  w**  I  hope  has  come  safe  to  hand.— 
We  have  no  news  of  consequence  stiring  among  us  at  present. 
I've  heard  by  some  of  y«  Indians  y*  your  Honour  has  had  a  very 
easy  happy  time  thro'  the  winter — No  Visiters  no  Company 
excepting  Cap  Monteur,  no  Letters  from  abroad.  Nothing  to  do 
but  to  set  down  &  eiyoy  y  Comforts  of  Life,  w^  news  I  tell 
them  is  too  good  to  be  true.    I  rather  fear  y«  contrary.    Ive 


<^7  THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


363 


lately  spoke  to  the  Indians  here,  something  farther  concerning 
niy  design  &c.  I  have  had  an  agreable  encouraging  answer — of 
wch  I  shall  acquaint  your  Honour  by  y«  next  opportunity  having 
bat  a  moment  to  write  at  present,  &  y«  Bearer  now  waiting.  I 
b^  leave  being  desir'd  to  insert  a  short  speech  for  Telcanondo, 
as  be  is  my  special  friend  &  main  suppurt  here.  I  mention  only 
y«  Substance. 

<'I  return  you  many  thanks  for  your  friendly  encouraging 
words  last  fall — they  buried  almost  all  my  sorrow,  &  gave 
me  as  it  were  new  life.  I  keep  y™  continually  in  my  mind. 
I  again  return  most  hearty  thanks  for  your  Remembrance 
of  me.  I  desire  you  wou'd  consider  .y"  present  disposition 
&  intention  of  my  warriors  to  visit'  y«  old  Enemies  y* 
Cherokee,  y^u  are  well  acquainted  w^  our  ancient  Customs  & 
Traditions,  y*  y«  late  Breach  in  my  family  cant  be  ftilly  made 
up  in  any  other  way.  I  know  not  w*  your  present  stores  are, 
nor  how  you  are  disposed  towards  these  things.  I  ask  only  this 
yt  you  woud  take  it  into  consideration.  You  are  doubtless 
sensible  it  is  hard  for  me  to  see  all  my  Notes  pass  me  on  this 
Business,  &  I  being  alone,  perhaps  shall  set  down  &  weep  w^ 
my  miserable  Condition.  But  if  my  Warreours  go  I'll  be  con- 
tented to  tarry  your  encouraging  word  &  strict  charge  last  fall 
shall  support  me  &  be  continually  in  my  mind. 

In  much  hast  your  Honours  -  *  ,^ 

.iHkkiiiU^   »*y*   ./•."«        most  obed*  &  ever  hum*  Servt 

.  .^^  S.   KlRTLAND. 

Kaunaudasage  Feby  18, 1766,  if  I  dont  mistake.  a 

I  beg  y*  favour  of  an  Almanack  if  your  Honou>^  has  a  supply. 
I  fear  I  shall  forget  y*  Sabbaths  &  perhaps  new  moons,  &  become 
a  Savage  indeed.  ■    .     i 

TheHonbi  SirWm  Johnson.       .    >. 


v'   * 


■I 


*  •  f 


»    > 


•  '1 

i 


I.  . 


^ 


13 


*> 


.m 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


MR  WEYMAN,  PRINTER,  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON 

ON  THE  SUBJECT  OF  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK. 

New  York,  March  25, 1766 
Sir, 

The  Indian  Common  Prayer  Book  stil  lies  dead  ; — I  should 
be  glad  to  be  informed  how  I  am  to  proceed.  I  have  been  at 
much  Expence  for  what  is  done,  and  assure  myself  of  your 
consideration  of  ye  Affair.  I  shall  wait  your  Motion  with  Plea- 
sure;— No  doubt  occurrences  prevented  its  farther  Progress 
with  you.  Tlie  Reverend  M'  Ogilvie,  who  is  now  Curate  here, 
will  no  doubt  undertake  its  Correction,  if  you  doubt  my  Careful- 
ness from  sticking  close  to  a  legible  Copy ;  and,  I  think.  Sir,  he 
will  readily  assist  on  Application,  which,  if  you  please,  I  will 
undertake  to  address  for,  should  you  incline  to  continue  its 
Publication. 

I  am.  Tour  Excellency's  obliged,  and 
^t'l  Obedient  Hbi*  Servant, 

«im  «.■     .  .  W"  Weyman.     . 

-m*^  ^(  If  s  ,:<MnmW  X  <i    '«'  V'' 


^4iti<i,tt 


'  *  »*#  iiA^t  M  n^  •'■J^^ 


THE  M4Y0R  OF  ALBANY  TO  THE  REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK. 


'     ^  ''^  .w  '    '  May,  1766. 

Rev.  Sir,         "■ '  ■■'-■  ^-^■- ^  '^''  -^-"-    '^'    ^'-^  '^ 

We  are  favored  with  your  letter  of  the  21«*,  and  with  Mr. 
Smith's  of  the  lOtk  of  April  last.  The  design  of  christianizing 
the  Indians,  and  diffusing  the  light  of  the  gospel  to  those  unhap- 
py people,  that  have  not  yet  partaken  of  that  divine  blessing,  is 
so  truly  cliaritable,  and  favorable  to  humanity,  that  it  deserves 
all  the  encouragement  and  attention,  that  it  has  met  with  from 
our  gracious  sovereign,  and  those  worthy  benefactors,  who  so 
generally  followed  the  royal  example. 

We  esteem  ourselves  peculiarly  happy  that  an  opportunity  is 
offered  us,  to  show  how  much  we  are  inclined  to  promote  a  plan 
ao  universally  countenanced,  and  so  deservedly  applauded.    We 


THE  SIX  NATIOHS. 


365 


liave  informed  ourselves  of  the  Hev.  Mr.  Kirkland,  to  yihom 
you  was  pleased  to  refer  us  for  particulars.  The  affair  is  of  so 
much  importance,  that  it  claims  our  most  serious  and  deliberate 
consideration,  and  the  little  time  allowed  from  the  speedy  return 
of  Mr.  does  not  permit  us  to  send  our  proposals  by 

him:  we  shall  however  embrace  the  earliest  opportunity  to 
convey  them  to  you,  and  we  hope  that  when  you  get  them,  they 
will  be  such  as  will  meet  with  your  approbation,  and  merit 
the  oonsideration  of  those  worthy  gentlemen  in  England,  to 
whom  this  af&ir  is  referred.  1 

We  beg  leave  to  assure  you,  sir,  of  our  particular  regard  for 
you ;  we  wish  you  much  of  the  divine  grace,  and  health  to  go 
on  with  this  good  work,  of  which  (greatly  to  your  honour  be  it 
spoken,  and  may  it  long  be  gratefully  remembered)  you  have 
l)een  the  first  promoter. 

We  are,  Rev,  Sir,  ^1 

Your  most  humble  servant 
I  V.  Dow,  Mayor,  &c. 


■ 


■t 


w^' 


KEVD  MR  TVHEELOCK  TO  SIR  W^  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  4*''  July  1766. 


^■1 


Sir, 

I  gratefully  acknowledge  the  Receipt  of  Your  Excellcy*  Favour 
by  David  Fowler — I  much  regrett  the  loss  of  Goah,  who,  as 
David  and  others  inform  me,  was  a  man  of  great  Consequence, 
both  with  respect  to  their  religious,  and  Secular  Interest.     ^^^-E' 

And  I  am  indeed  much  affected  with  the  acco*  (which  you 
referr  me  to  David  for)  of  the  occasions  given  to  several  Tribes 
to  revive  tlieir  old  Prejudices,  and  renew  their  Hostilities  against 
the  English.  May  your  Excellency  experience  that  same 
Fountain  of  Wisdom  which  has  hitherto  guided  you  on  such 
occasions,  to  be  still  sufficient  for  you,  in  this  critical  affair. 

My  plan  is  much  disconcerted  hereby — The  English  youth 


366 


PAPERS   RKLATING   TO 


if?*-"- 


who  accompany  this,  viz.  Jolinson  and  McGluer,>  are  Members 
of  Yale  College,  as  well  as  of  this  School ;  and  were  design'd,  if 
it  might  be,  under  Your  Excellency's  Direction  &  Favour,  to 
spend  the  ensuing  Season,  (with  their  Indian  associates)  in 
learning  the  Language  of  such  Tribes,  as  they  may  likely  serve 
as  Missionaries  &  School  Masters,  when  they  have  compleated 
their  Learning.  The  Disposal  of  them  is  now  submitted  to  your 
Wisdom,  and  Prudence.  M^  Kirtland  seems  incUned  to  take 
McChier  to  Onoyada  with  him ;  But  whether  the  learning  of 
that  Language  will  be  of  such  Consequence  as  that  it  will  1^ 
worth  his  spending  his  Time  for  it.  Your  Excellency  is  best  able 
to  judge. 

I  have  thought  it  might  bo  best  tor  Joseph  Johnson,  who ';  . 
Mohegan,'  and  is  too  young  to  have  the  government  of  a  soX 
to  be  employed,  as  an  Usher  under  David  Fowler,  whose  school, 
I  understand,  will  likely  be  big  enough  for  two  masters. 

Jacob ^  who  is  Brother  to  David,  and  tho'  but  16.  years  old,  I 

1  David  McCluke,  D.  D.,  was  a  native  of  Brookfleld,  Mass.  After  spending 
some  time  under  Mr.  Kirtland,  at  Oneida,  he  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1769 
and  then  became  a  teacher  in  Dr.  Wheelock's  school.  In  the  summer  of  1772  he 
set  out  to  visit  the  Delaware  Indians  on  the  Muskingum  river,  west  of  the  Ohio 
a  journal  of  which  mission  is  published  in  Wheelock's  Ifar.  for  1773.  On  his 
return  to  Pittsburgh  from  this,  what  turned  out  to  be  a  fruitless  mission,  he  spent 
seven  months  among  the  scattered  white  settlements  in  Western  Penn.  In  the 
summer  of  177-. ,  .n  company  with  Messrs.  Dean  and  others,  he  visited  the  Canada 
Indians.  During,  and  for  some  time  after  the  revolution,  he  was  minister  of 
Northampton,  N.  H.,  and  in  1786  removed  to  East  Windsor,  where  he  died  June 
25, 1820,  aged  71.  His  wife  was  the  daughter  of  Dr.  Pomeroy  and  niece  of  Dr. 
Wheclock,  whose  Memoirs  he  published  in  connexion  with  Dr.  Parish  in  1811.-£d. 

2  Joseph  Johnson  was  born  near  Norwich  about  the  year  1760.  His  father 
served  near  Lake  George  in  1757.  At  the  age  of  15,  Joseph  became  a  school- 
master as  above  stated,  and  was  so  employed  for  two  years.  He  fell  off,  how. 
ever,  from  this  life  of  regularity  afterwards,  and  went  on  a  whaling  voyage, 
Returning  in  1771,  he  fell  sick  at  his  native  place,  which  circumstance  had  such 
an  effect  on  him,  that  he  became  quite  religious.  He  was  afterwards  licensed  to 
preach  among  the  Six  Nations,  and  was  very  faithful  to  the  American  cause 
during  the  revolution.  It  is  said  that  he  was  not  infbrior  to  Samson  Cecum  as  a 
Preacher.    Allen.    Set  al$o  Wheelock's  Narrative,  1776.  ."Vjii;  .  ,,     .;. 

3  Jacob  Fowies,  a  Montank  Indian  was  bom  in  1750.    He  was  approved  as  a 
'  Teacher  in  1765,  and  taught  for  several  years  after  among  the  Six  Nations  and 

M.  E.  tribes.    Things,  however,  did  not  go  well  with  him,  and  in  1774,  he  re- 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


367 


apprehend  is  endowed  with  Prudence  &  Discretion  sufficient  to 
conduct  (and  is  well  accomplished  to  instruct)  a  School. 

I  would  also  propose  to  your  Excellency  Whether  it  will  be 
best  for  Hezekiah  [Calvin]  to  take  the  School  which  Joseph 
Woolley  letlt  at  Onohoquagee,  as  I  hear  M'  Brown  determines  to 
defeat  his  Design  of  settling  at  Fort  Hunter. 

But  I  need  not  be  particular  as  the  Bearers  are  fully  knowiiig 
to  whatever  I  should  otherwise  have  need  tu  inform  you  of ;  in 
tliis  affair.  And  also  as  the  Rev^  M'  Pomeroy  &  my  son,  are 
appointed  (and  yesterday  sat  out  via  New-York)  to  wait  upon 
you  for  your  advice  respecting  the  place  to  fix  upon,  and  build 
for  this  School.  They  will  also  be  able  to  acquaint  you  with 
the  favourable  Reception,  Mess"  Whittaker  &  Occum,  &  the 
Design  they  Recommend,  meet  with  at  Home ;  and  the  Prospect 
I  have  of  any  Favour  I  can  reasonably  desire  from  the  Board  of 
Trade,  if  only  the  Place  for  the  School  was  once  determined, 
and  as  I  would  act  in  every  step  agreable  to  your  mind,  for  I 
apprehend  you  are  able  above  any  man  in  this  Land  to  serve  the 
grand  Design  in  view.  What  seems  to  be  wanting  at  Home,  at 
present,  is  only  to  know  the  place  to  fix  it.  And  I  purpose  to 
mention  several,  with  such  Recommendations,  Incouragements 
&c  as  shall  be  respectively  given  them,  and  leave  it  with  Qer  tie- 
men  at  Home  to  determine  which  of  the  number  it  shall  be. 

You  will  please  to  weigh  the  Ailments  ofierd  by  M'  G.  J. 
Smith  to  carry  it  into  the  Southern  Governments,  a  rough  Draft 
of  which  I  have  sent  by  my  son. 

William  (Major  as  we  call  him  for  distinction  sake)  is  a  very 
good  Genius,  and  capable  of  making  a  very  likely  man ;  but 
his  Pride  and  the  Violence  of  his  Temper  have  sometimes  ren- 
dered him  troublesome ;  and  obliged  me  to  use  severity  with 
him,  of  whicli  my  son  can  inform  you  perhaps  a  Line  or  Message 
from  You  might  be  of  Special  service  to  him.  I  ordered  him 
to  write  a  few  lines  (which  I  inclose)  as  a  Specimen  He  com- 
plained, and  you  will  see,  not  without  Reason,  that  his  Ink  was 
bad.    I  am  heartily  sorry  to  add  to  the  great  weight  of  Care,  & 

turned  as  a  teacher  to  Dr,  Wheelock's  School,  where  he  prepared  himself  for 
holy  orders,  previous  to  moving  into  the  Oneida  country  with  Sampson  Occum. 
Wbiklock. 

«!   Uw^ui  tHV}llH4  lil.I»U#  «    IIV'IX  Ar;»,',r"i .'   •    .•(     i.ii.Un  .  v'ij*  •»   -  ;  '     -   ' 


H 


•11 

1 1 


■•■■, 


■  1 

1  •  ■  ; 

;  \ 

I  \ 


>• 


8d¥ 


PAPERS   RZLATING  TO 


Crowd  of  Business  you  are  continually  in ;  and  rely  only  upon 
your  Goodness  and  the  nature  and  importance  of  the  things  I 
write,  for  Pardon,  for  this  Trouble.  That  God  may  restore 
your  Health,  Support  you  under  all  your  Labours,  and  long 
lengthen  out  your  important  life,  is  the  earnest  Prayer  of  him 
who  begs  leave  to -subscribe,  with  most  Sincere  Duty  and  Esteem. 
Your  Excellency's 

Obedient  and  very  Humble  Servant 
Sir  William  Johnson  Baron^  Eleazar  Wheexock. 


REV.  MR  BROWN  TO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON.        ^ 

Albany  Sep  13«>  1766, 


I  have  the  Honour  of  y"  of  the  J  0*»»  Instant  p'  master  Peter 
wherein  I  find  no  particular  Instructions  in  Regard  to  his  school- 
ing, conclude  therefore  that  you  leave  him  to  me  on  that  Head. 
Depend  on  it  I  shall  take  the  same  care  of  him  in  every  Respect 
as  my  own  Child.  I  shall  be  prepared  to  meet  his  Excellency 
y'self  &  the  rest  of  the  Fraternity  on  the  earliest  notice.  My 
Discourse  to  my  Indian  Children  shall  be  short,  but  how  sweet  I 
must  leave  to  y  better  Judgment.  I  shall  obey  y  other  com- 
mands by  inviting  four  or  five  the  most  decent  of  our  Brethren 
to  meet  his  Excellency  on  that  Solemn  occasion.  ,^ .  ,  ^ 
I  remain  S'  with  the  utmost  Respect 

y  most  obliged  Hum  Serv 
S'  Wm  Johnson.  T.  Baow». 


'.J*  m^ ^■o- 


TXOi'i, 


REVD  MR  CHAMBERLAIN  TO  THE  REV.  MR  BROWN. 

Onowadagegh  Oct.  10  A.  D.  1766. 
Rev^  Sir  vfi'if ,. 

Though  my  being  a  Stranger  to  you  might  free  me  from  many 

offices  which  might  be  expected  from  a  youth  bound  to  you  by 


THK  six   NATI0K8. 


969 


many  acts  of  your  kindness  yet  I  cant  negleet  Mrtiting  to  you  on 
a  late  oocurrencfl  without  violating  the  Bonds  of  siitiple  Human- 
ity which  bind  equally  the  most  remote  Acquaintance  and  the 
most  intimate  Friends.  A  Report  has  been  lately  handed  about 
here  that  you  Rev<i  Sir  at  the  late  Meeting  at  Johnson  Hall 
christend  serveral  children  in  the  Presence  of  Ids  Honour  the 
Governor  the  honourable  Sir  W'"  Johnson  many  otiitir  Gentle- 
men and  a  Number  of  Indians  of  several  Tribes  wlio  had  been 
before  christened  by  Missionaries  of  the  presbyterian  order.  I 
acknowledge  Rev**  Sir  that  the  Fact  mention'd  in  their  Heport  is 
too  notoriously  conterary  to  the  Practices  of  Christians  of  every 
Denomiuation  to  gain  Credit  amongst  any  but  Indians  and  the 
most  ignorant  and  crndilous  Part  of  the  white  People,  confident 
therefore  that  this  Report  is  intirely  Groundless  I  have  thought 
it  imprudent  to  apply  to  any  Gentleman  to  have  it  reAited  brtt 
to  yourself  who  will  I  doubt  not  readily  give  so  full  and  ample 
Refotations  of  it  from  under  your  own  Hand  that  I  may  for  the 
Futer  be  able  to  put  to  sham6  all  who  would  thereby  asperse 
yoor  character*  or  bring  Into  Contempt  and  Neglect  amongst 
thew  ignorant  Heathen  tht  whole  christian  system.  It  was  my 
tdvice  from  several  presMterian  Ministers  and  from  all  whom  I 
«oiivers>'  with  on  the  subject  that  twas  best  as  much  as  possible 
to  keep  from  the  AiiRds  of  the  Indians  every  Notion  of  any 
Differeuee  or  Distinetlon  amongst  prodestaut  Christians.  To  this 
I  have  always  been  despos'  and  have  therefore  been  ever  ready 
to  stand  by  a  silent  Spectator  and  Auditor  of  what  ever  any 
Gentleman  of  the  standing  ohureh  chlergey  have  desired  to  act 
or  speak  hi  any  of  the  Places  where  my  commission  under  the 
honbi*  Scots  Society  has  impowered  me  to  officiate.  The  Pru- 
dence of  this  Measure  the  Advantage  it  gives  to  the  common 
cause  of  Christianety  and  its  utility  to  the  Nation  so  far  as  we 
consider  the  natinal  Interest  as  conneeted  with  the  scheme 
christinising  the  Heathen  in  these  Parts  muet  appeur  to  every 
considerate  Person  upon  the  least  Reflection  but  if  the  foremeri- 
tioud  Report  obtains  we  are  obviously  under  a  Necessity  either 
to  leave  the  Indians  intirely  or  else  to  give  a  satisfactory  Reason 
for  such  a  Piece  of  unheard  of  Conduct.  The  first  of  these  Sir 
you  may  readily  suppose  we  shall  not  do  before  we  see  the 
Vol.  IV.  9i 


t 


«# 


^k 


K"-f>-> 


■\. 


■I  ■■; 


^      ^V'" 


370 


PAPERS  KELATINO  TO 


1 


li         • 


m 


Indians  all  8uppll<i  with  Ministers  of  some  Prodistant  Persuation 
wlio  will  reside  amungst  them  to  instruct  currect  and  persuade 
them  and  to  set  them  Examples  of  such  christian  conduct  as  I 
trust  all  christians  would  rejoice  to  see  prevail  amongst  manlclDd 
and  to  expect  this  from  the  church  clargey  who  are  so  scarce  in 
these  Parts  is  childish  unless  then  you  will  amply  refute  tlie 
Report  of  your  having  rebaptisd  Children  we  are  necessatated 
to  give  a  Reason  for  such  Bisbaptisms  and  this  we  cannot  do 
without  entering  into  a  Distinction  which  we  desire  i\ever  to 
mention  here  and  which  would  to  God  there  had  never  been 
occasion  for.  You  may  depend  upon  it  Sir  that  I  am  disposd 
to  treat  every  man  in  a  christian  Manner  who  act  like  a  Chris- 
tian and  to  use  them  with  all  that  Deference  and  Respect  which 
either  their  Age  or  Carracter  or  any  Distinction  can  claim  from 
me  and  shall  therefore  be  entirely  silent  about  the  above  Report 
till  I  see  whether  an  Answer  to  my  Request  is  to  be  expected  from 
you  and  after  that  shall  endeaver  to  act  in  a  Manner  most  con- 
sistant  with  the  same  Principals.  The  affair  has  given  some 
uneasiness  both  to  Rev^  M'  Kirtland  and  myself  and  in  Case  you 
think  this  unworthy  an  Answer  we  shall  doubtless  apply  to 
some  Gentleman  who  was  present  and  will  freely  give  us  that 
satis&ction  which  I  at  present  hope  to  obtain  from  you  and  by 
which  shall  be  able  to  satisfy  M'  Kirtland  and  to  put  a  stop  to  a 
Rumor  so  abusive  and  uncommon.  In  hopes  of  this  I  rest  for 
the  Present  and  beg  Leave  to  subscribe  myself 

Revd  &  Worthy  Sir 
1  Tour  Humble  Servant 

TuEOPHiLus  Chamberlain. 
To  Rev"*  M'  Brown. 

*«*  Theophilus  Chambiblaim  wm  ordained  at  Lebanon,  on  24  April,  1766, 
and  set  out  on  the  19th  June  following  for  the  country  of  the  Six  Nations.  He 
established  several  schools  among  the  Mohawks,  visited  the  Oncydas,  made  a 
tour  among  the  Onondagas,  and  preached  to  them.  He  returned  to  Lebanon  io 
October,  accompanied  by  two  Oneida  youths  to  be  placed  under  Dr.  Wheelock's 
charge.  He  returned  again  the  following  year  to  the  Mohawk  country,  as  appears 
by  the  above,  and  a  subsequent  letter. — Ed 


n 


is7 


TRK  SIX  NATIOmi. 


871 


CHURCHWARDENS  OP  SCHENECTADY  TO  SIR  W>«  JOHNSON. 

•  • 

Schenectady  Dec  4U>  1766. 
Hon'Sii 

After  rendring  you  our  sincere  thanks  for  the  tender  regard 
yoa  expressed  for  our  Church,  in  your  favour  to  the  Rev<i  M' 
Auohmuthy,  we  would  acquaint  you  that  Mr.  Lyne— when  in 
New  Yorlc  waited  on  liis  Excellency  to  know  the  result  of  our 
petition,  and  we  have  the  pleasure  of  hearing  that  it  was  laid 
before  the  Council  where  it  met  with  a  favourable  reception, 
agreeable  to  which  the  Charter  will  sho.  tly  be  sent  up  \^[th.  his 
^cellencies  subscription  money  and  Jhuroh  furniture.  Mr 
Lyne  has  also  procured  a  Clerk  to  officiate  in  the  Church,  who 
we  are  persuaded  will  answer  the  Character  given  him  by  several 
Oentlemen  of  Credit  in  New  York.  We  conclude  with  c  firing 
a  continuance  of  your  protection  of  our  Church  and  its  I  !'>  tk^Cies, 
and  subscribe  ourselves  uw '■'•>  m-  i 

Hon«>Sir  '         '   , 

Tour  most  Ob*  &  Hum:  Servants  {..j., 
JWBbown 


-  ^ 


':\, 


I 


,       RlCHD  OULLEN 

r,.      Stephen  Dudley. 
Chaules  Dogal 
Matthew  Lyne. 


U     11 -jr 


REVD  MB  CHAMBERLAIN  TO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON. 


J»  !♦ 


"^  '  ■      Conj^ohare  29»»»  Dec»»' 1766 
May  it  please  your  Honour  •  -   *  ' 

I  but  lately  received  your  Honours  Letter  of  the  8t>>  instant, 
am  sorry  tho  have  l3een  the  occasion  of  so  much  Trouble  to  your 
Honour  whose  Indulgence  and  Condescention  I  have  so  often 
experienced,  and  stand  corrected  with  Pleasure. 

I  am  surprised  that  the  Rev^  Brown  should  suspect  that  by 
privatly  informing  him  of  what  he  was  said  to  have  done  T 


'm 


m. 


.'t' ' 


t'l: 


",    «■. 


Wi'ti 


*e, 


m 


VAPm^  Vei^Tll^^  TO 


intended  to  intimate  the  misconduct  of  those  in  whose  Presence 
it  was  said  he  did  it.    I  ney^ r  donbted  may  it  please  ypur  Hopr 
but  that  Iiis  Exelency  the  Govenor  had  a  Right  to  ask  and 
obtain  M»  Browns  assistance  in  Conferring  his  Name  upon 
whome  he  pleasd  and  this  without  transgressing  the  strictest 
Rules  of  Christianity,  and  was  fkr  from  thinking  that  his  £xe- 
lency  or  any  Gentleman  in  the  Civil  Government,  would  Inter. 
pos6  his  authority  with  a  clergyman  to  oblige  him  to  refoaptize 
Children  because  they  were  first  baptized  by  ministers  of  another 
Denomination.    Nor  was  I  may  it  please  your  Hon*  suspicious 
that  the  Gentlemen  of  the  establlshd  Church  Clej^  gave  them- 
selves or  others  too  much  Trouble  to  bring  into  Disrepute  other 
religious  Persuasions.    I  treated  this  Report  or  at  least  aimd  to 
like  what  was  fdse  and  only  wrote  BJ'  Brown  ibrhis  authority  to 
say  It  ^iis  folse.    I  gave  a  greater  Latitude  to  some  Expressions 
tJhan  I  should  otherwise  that  M'  Brown  might  give  me  a  diKot 
an^er  which  would  stop  the  mouths  of  those  who  can  see 
nothing  significant  in  arguing  what  men  will  do  from  their 
Character — ^but  never  once  supposed  the  Rev^  Gentleman  would 
make  so  great  ah  affair  of  it  as  to  have  me  answerd  as  he  has  in 
a  manner  which  gives  me  the  greatest  Pain.    I  mentiond  the 
Presence  of  his  Exdency  the  Govenor,  the  Hon»»ie  Sir  William 
Johnson  and  ol!ier  Gentlemen  and  the  Indians  with  no  other 
view  than  to  give  the  Report  the  airs  with  which  I  several  Times 
heard  It  told  not  suspecting  that  the  Letter  would  be  proposed  to 
any  one  as  what  was  designed  to  fault  the  conduct  of  my  Rulers, 
for  to  this  I  dont  give  myself  a  License  in  any  case  but  especially 
should  not  with  your  Honour  to  whom  I  am  so  much  indebted 
must  th^gr^e  ja^  it  pl^s,9.  yo\ir  Honour  beg  the  continuance 
•of  your  Honours  favotirs  to  be  without  which  will  be  itself  a 
mai^  ^f  u^gratfijdl  l^)d  ^Ml  «oon  render  me  intirrely  useless. 
In  hopes  to  obtain  this  I  conclud  aijtd  b^g  Leav^  to  subscrji]^ 

wn  i>?  '.^  Mw  it  PJeas^  y<)JV  Honow 

ii.-.i1r.  m  i-fm  i  y^^  fliw"  ropst  obediant  humble  servwt 


yd  tftff?  st-UqHt>.  iHU'itk  ti'n<fi&.  'w 


Ti^»p^<<vl^  C)iAaiBi:m.AiN, 


TBB  SIX  WATIOm^ 


AEY.  MB.  BROWN  TO  SIB  WAL  JOHNSON. 


dT3 


y^nri  J<*j  , 


The  Bearers  hereof  are  going  up  the  Mohawk  River  to  try  to 
collect  money  to  finish  o£f  a  Church  at  Great-Barrington,  where 
they  have  sufifer'd  every  Hardship  from  the  Presbaterian  Party; 
And  designing  to  call  at  y  House  I  have  taken  the  Liberty  of 
requesting  y  advice.  They  beg  of  me  to  return  with  them  to 
Barrington  for  a  Sunday,  but  as  my  Duty  call's  me  to  the 
Mohawks  cannot  think  of  going  without  your  donsdtt.  A  Line 
from  you  will  Determine  the  Case!.  I  hope  you  will  not  let  y 
Fondness  for  master  Peter  keep  him  too  long  from  his  Studies  as 
a  misapplicaitlon  of  his  Time  \^ill  make  him  forget  what  he  ha^ 
learnt.    lamS'    ^f,,  ,  with  Respect  f' -^riT 

y  most  obedient  Servant  >  %, 

Albany  Jan  30t»^  1767. 

If  i  do  not  go  to  !6arrington  a  number  of  Brother's  propose 
paying  you  a  Visit  on  Saturday. 
To  Hon'*'*  S«  W""  JohiMoa*  -i    ,   /  <  ?r  !•    "  v'  .f-M  r 


■■1 


RETD.  MB.  fiANNA  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Schenectady  May  39««.  1767.    - 
Honorable  Sir, 

The  many  Favours  I  have  received  at  your  Hand,  lay 
me  under  Indispensible  Obligations  to  acknowledge  your  Gene- 
rosity ;  &  acquaint  you  that  as  it  is  not  in  my  Power  to  retuni 
them  in  this  Life  :  You  are  therefore  to  look  for  your  Reward 
where  the  most  of  Good  Benifectors  have  done  before  you,  viz  ill 
Heaven ;  But  can  assure  you,  that  I  bear  a  sincere  &  grateful 
Sense  of  your  Kinnesses  in  my  Breast  &  shaU  never  forget  them 
while  I  am  mindful  of  myself:  particularly  your  test  Letter  td 
the  Governor  in  my  Favour  which  was  of  Singular  Service 
tome. 

Sir,  Since  my  Return  from  your  House,  I  have  attended  close 
atM'.  Silvesters  Office,  to  acquunt  myself  with  the  Formalitiet 


m 


A.: 


.    i 


')l 


874 


PArERS  REI«ATIN6  TO 


&  proceedings  of  the  Court,  have  got  my  Licence,  &  qualified  last 
Tuesday,  am  come  to  Schenectady,  with  a  Design  to  settle  :  & 
should  be  glad  to  have  it  in  my  Power  to  serve  you  or  any  of 
your  Friends,  all  from 

Honorable  Sir 

your  most  hum>«.  &  «be<>.  serv*. 
'  William  Hanna' 


»  7 ! 


S':|r:>'. 


V.  MR.  JOHN  ARBO,  SECY  TO  THE  MORAVIANS  TO  SIR 

WM  JOHNSON. 

Bethlehem  the  6'*'  Januar.  1768. 
Sir 

The  high  and  important  Station  in  which  the  Providence 
of  GOD  and  our  Gracious  Sovereign  have  placed  You,  together 
with  Your  well  known  benevolent  Disposition  towards  the 
Indians  in  general,  occasions  my  Addressing  Your  Excellency  at 
this  Time. 

1  Rev.  William  Hanra,  the  first  Presbyterian  clergyman  at  Albany,  vos 
educated  at  the  Revd.  Dr.  Finley's  Academy  at  Nottingham  in  Maryland;  he 
next  was  assistant  at  Rev.  Dr.  Robert  Smith's  School  at  Fequea,  Pennsylvania, 
and  graduated  at  Princetown  College.  In  1759  he  received  the  degree  of  A.  B 
from  Kings  College,  New  York,  and  that  of  Master  of  Arts,  in  1765,  from  the 
same  institution.  He  was  licensed  to  preach  by  the  Litchfield  Presbytery, 
Connecticut,  28  May,  1760.  He  became  pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
organised  for  the  first  time  in  Albany  in  17C2,  of  which  congregation  he  continued 
pastor  for  the  space  of  about  five  years.  But  "  having  taken  a  civil  commission 
from  the  governor,"  and  "as  it  was  not  customary  for  any  member  of  the 
church  to  which  he  belonged  to  bear  a  civil  office,"  the  congregation  requested  hii 
Dismission,  which  followed  accordingly.  It  seems  that  he  next  moved  to 
Schenectady,  after  having  studied  law  with  Mr.  Silvester  of  Albany,  and  was 
admitted  to  practice,  as  appears  above,  in  May  1767.  But  his  success  at  the  bar 
was  not  commensurate  with  his  expectations,  and  in  1771  he  expressed  a  desire  to 
be  admitted  to  orders  in  the  Church  of  England.  The  clergy  of  New  York,  for 
reasons  to  be  found  in  Dr.  Auchmuty's  letter  (post)  of  the  11th  June  1771, 
thought  it  would  not  do  for  them  to  recommend  him  for  ordination,  but  sug- 
gested bis  application  to  Lord  Baltimore.  He  thereupon  proceeded  to  Maryland, 
and  having  l«;en  furnished  with  letters  to  Col.  Washington  and  other  loading  gen- 
tlemen of  Virginia,  he  went  next  to  the  latter  Colony.  His  rccept'i;:),  here,  was 
■0  favorable  that  he,  forthwith,  sailed  fur  England,  where  the  Bishop  of  London 
•onferred  orders  on  him,  14  June  1772.— £o. 


4  > 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


375 


I  presume  Your  Excellency  cannot  be  unacquainted  with  the 
Missions  a^d  Labours  of  the  Brethren,  began  and  hitherto 
subsisting  ibr  upwards  of  Twenty  five  Years  amongst  the  North- 
ern Indians,  and  that  their  Zeal,  in  bringing  many  of  them  to  the 
Knowledge  of  GOD  our  Saviour  Jesus  Christ,  has  been  crown'd 
with  great  Success.  True  it  is,  the  Troubles  and  Calamities 
attending  the  late  Indian  War,  in  which  the  Missionaries  and 
their  Converts  met  with  such  a  Variety  of  Distress,  Vicissitudes 
and  Interruption  in  their  Labours,  as  even  threatened  their  total 
Extirpation  ;  Yet  it  has  nevertheless  pleased  the  Almighty  GOD 
in  his  great  Goodness,  after  very  many  of  them  had  departed 
this  Life  in  Faith  and  Love  to  Jesus  Christ,  still  to  preserve 
a  Remnant  of  them,  who  now  live  together  in  brotherly  Love 
at  Wiealusing  on  the  Susquehannah  possessing  the  same  Mind 
with  Us  to  lead  a  peaceable  and  quiet  Life  in  all  Godliness  & 
Honesty  under  the  British  Government. 

This  Infant  Indian  Settlement,  which  we  now  have  the 
Pleasure  of  seeing  in  a  prosperous  Situation,  We  beg  Leave  to 
recommend  with  our  Missionaries,  to  Your  Excellency's  Kind 
Notice  and  Protection. 

In  this  View  I  have  the  Pleasure  of  transmitting  to  Your 
Excellency  the  Greenland  History  in  2  Vol*,  wrote  by  David 
Cranz  one  of  our  Brethren ;  which  we  beg  Your  kind  Acceptance 
of  Tlie  first  Vol :  Containing  a  Description  of  the  Country  and 
the  natural  Curiosities  of  that  cold  Climate,  I  flatter  myself,  may 
not  prove  Unentertaining  and  the  second,  I  imagine  will  convey 
to  Your  Excellency  the  truest  and  best  Idea  of  the  Brethrens 
Method  of  propagating  the  Gospel  amongst  the  Savage  Nations. 

For  this  Purpose  also  this  History  has  been  presented  to  their 
Majesties  the  King  and  Queen,  the  Ministers  of  State,  Bishops 
&  Board  of  Trade  &c.  &c.  4v»  uw*i 

In  Behalf  of  the  Members  of  the  Brethren's  Society  for  the 
Furtherance  of  the  Gospel  amongst  the  Heathen  I  have  the 
Honour  to  subscribe  myself  ,    .^^  ^.^  „,.,... 

Your  Excellency's  ' 

raostobed^  Humble  Servant 
■  *  John  Arbo,  Secretary 


.    T 


m^ 


i- 


*» 


'  •  i 


'Mi 


]rV  ' 


4^ 


m^" 


r    '' 
K    ' 

1   * 

v 


»76 


FAf  BKS  JlELATIMft  TO 


H  f.  1  '/  .    klJ^t  (  <-i<ii*-  • 


SEC.  OF  THE  SOCIETY  FOK  PROP.  THE  GOSPEL  TO  SIR 

WM  JOHNSON. 

Sir, 

It  is  a  greftt  satisfaction  to  the  society  to  be  informed,  that 
you  perfectly  approve  their  resolutions,  with  regard  to  Indian 
Missionaries,  &  Catechists,  &  are  very  desirous  of  seeing  some 
part  of  the  scheme  carried  immediately  into  execution.  This  is 
a  point  we  luive  constantly  kept  our  attention  upon  ;  and  are 
truly  sorry  that  we  have  not  yet  been  able  to  engage  any  proper 
person  to  undertake  that  employment.  We  had  good  hope  that 
9ome  of  the  mor^  approved  &  experienced  among  the  Clergy  in 
youf  parts,  who  from  their  knowledge  of  the  Indians,  &,  their 
acquaintance  in  the  neighbourhood,  &  especially  from  that  coun- 
tenance which  you  would  naturally  give  them,  might  become 
likely  to  have  the  best  Success,  would  not  have  been  unwilling 
to  hftve  taken  this  a|)pointnaent ;  especially  when  they  had  some 
kind  of  assurance  that  a  larger  salary  than  usual  would  have 
been  allowed  on  such  an  occasion  D""  Auchmuty  telb  me,  that 
itie  has  done  every  tbing  in  his  power  to  forward  our  Sclieme, 
but  without  success.  "  Perhaps,  s^ys  he  because  the  Clei^  do 
"  not  care  to  leave  a  certainty  for  an  uncertainty."  We  tlwre- 
fore  desire  you  to  inform  us,  what  you  think  would  be  a  proper 
allowance  to  offer  to  a  Miss^y  for  tlus  department ;  The  Society 
^e  ready  to  concur  to  th(»  utmost  extent  of  their  abilities  to 
«arry  on  so  beneficial  a  design ;  tW  indeed  their  income  is  ikr 
too  scanty  of  itself  alone  &  without  some  good  assistance  to 
^rward  it  in  tlie  manner  they  wish.  I  have  the  honor  to  be 
yjit^  ^tie  mo^.  per^t  esteem  &  respect 

Your  most  Obed*  humble  Servant 
,v  (v  .r  5  -, t,"  fr.  ft.  D.  Burton. ■ 

Abingdon  Street  Westminster  Feb^yl*'  1768.  i,  ,,,  ,-,.,.,,,,! 

1  Rev.  Daniel  Burton,  D.  D.,  chii.ccllor  of  the  diocese  of  Oxfbrd  and  Rector 
of  St.  Peter's  Poor,  London,  wasforinauy  years  Secretary  to  Dr.  Seeker,  Archb. 
of  Canterbury,  to  whose  will  he  was  also  executor.  He  was  raised  to  the  dignity 
of  Canon  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  on  iiith  June,  17t)0,  and  in  1761  succceilod 
Dr.  Bearcroft  as  Secretary  to  the  Society  for  propagating;  the  gospel,  whicli  office 
he  held  until  1773,  when  he,  in  his  turn,  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Ricliard 


iune,  the  ti 


THB  SIX  VATIOm. 


3T7 


CORPORATION  OF  ALBANY  TO  THE  REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK. 

Albany,  March  21m  1768. 
Reverend  Sir, 

Since  the  Letter  which  the  Mayor  did  Please  to  write  you, 
our  annul  Ellection  for  tlie  Aldermen  and  Assistants  to  serve  in 
this  Corporation  having  taken  place  and  some  other  adventitious 
Circumstances  Intervening  have  Concurred  to  delay  our  answer 
to  your  favour  of  the  21^  August  last,  these  being  now  happily 
removed  we  Embrace  this  oppertunity  to  answer  your  Letter 
It  gives  us  much  pleasure  to  find  that  you  think  our  proposals 
in  several  respects  Inviteing  and  Generous  ;>  you  will  do  justice 
to  our  Sentiments,  if  you  also  believe  that  we  wish  to  have  it  in 
our  Power  to  do  more  and  if  we  would  chearfully  Give  every 
assistance  that  the  projector  and  Patrons  of  this  Scheme  liave  a 
right  to  require  from  every  Person  Impressed  (as  we  are)  with 
its  utility  and  Philanthropy,  your  declining  to  fix  on  any  parti- 
cular place  for  the  School  without  the  Previous  knowledge  and 
approbation  of  Lord  Dartmouth  and  the  other  worthy  Persons 
tliat  have  countenanced  the  plan  and  promoted  Its  success  at 
home  by  procuring  such  Considerable  donations  for  its  Estab- 
lishment gives  us  at  once  a  Strikeing  Instance  of  your  modesty, 
and  a  high  Idiea  of  your  Prudence  in  paying  such  stric'.  atten- 
tion to  avoid  Every  step  tlvat  might  tend  to  Prejudice  this  Insti- 
tution— Which  in  its  progress  may  do  honor  to  the  age  In  which 
it  has  taken  rise  and  reflect  lustre  on  you  as  the  first  Promoter, 
Permitt  w^  to  thank  you  Sir,  for  having  transmitted  home  Copys 
of  our  Letters  and  of  those  that  were  Written  you  on  this  subject 
from  New  York  the  Gentlemen  that  did  us  the  honi)r  to  write 


■  V 

1.1 


^ 


'  'f ' 

...  ,.,| 

•-*■ 

"j 

;                 i 

it 


Hind.  TIiirHot  Bnrton,  his  only  daughter,  married  (Aug.  16,  1773,)  the  Hon. 
John,  aflerwarda  Lord,  Trevor,  Minister  plenipotentiary  to  the  diet  at  Ratisbon, 
in  1780,  and  to  the  court  of  Sardinia  in  1783.  This  nobleman  dying  (1824)  without 
issue,  the  title  is  now  extinct.  Dr.  Burton  died  on  the  23d  April,  1775.  Ho 
iiad  the  character  of  a  very  pious,  seasible,  diligent,  careful  and  disinterested 
man,— Ed. 


1  TIk!  Coriioratifin  liad  otFcred  to  give  two  thousand  three  Imndred  pounds  to 
Dr.  Whcclonk,  on  cMndition  that  he  would  remove  his  Institution  from  Lebanon 
toAllwiy. — Ed.  * 


378 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


r  ^t^  ftp  uRj  I 


>4  » 


>       . 


them  are  all  of  distinguished  Characters  Emminent  for  Cherish- 
ing  and  Cultivating  the  Social  Virtues  their  Circumstances  and 
situation  in  life  such  as  sets  them  above  the  suspicion  of  sinister 
or  selfish  vleus,andthe  many  oppertunitys  they  have  had  of  be- 
ing acquainted  with  our  moral  Character  from  the  Frequent  Inter- 
course with  us  Which  their  profession  Necessarly  engages  them 
in  Constitutes  them  very  Computent  Judges  of  it  can  it  then  be 
reasonable  to  suppose  that  Gentlemen  of  such  as  they  are,"8houl(l 
so  far  forget  the  duty  they  owe  to  themselves  and  to  society  as 
warmly  to  recommend  the  fixing  of  a  Seminary  (In  which  it  will 
be  necessary  to  Incultivate  virtue  and  morallity  as  much  If  not 
more  by  example  than  Precept)  In  the  midst  of  a  People  of  a 
reputed  Immoral  Character  such  a  supposition,  would  be  alto- 
gether absurd  and  we  should  think  ourselves  Justifyed  in  resting 
on  their  Recommendation  only  as  a  sufficient  vindication  of  our 
Character  against  the  uncharitable  and  ui\just  anamadversions 
of  designing  men  but  duly  and  the  Justice  we  owe  to  our  Consti- 
tuents obliges  us  to  declare  that  the  Present  Majestracey  of  this 
Place  in  pursuit  of  the  principals  laid  down  by  their  predesses- 
sors  make  it  tlie  first  object  of  their  attention  to  Inspire  their 
Constituents  with  the  Loue  of  Virtue  and  the  abhorrence  of  vice 
to  this  end  they  discourage  whatever  may  tend  to  Corrupt  the 
manners  or  debauch  the  morals  of  the  people  whilst  at  the  same 
time  Encouragement  is  given  to  every  Plan  Cultivated  for  their 
happiness  actuated  by  these  principals  we  readily  embraced 
yours  and  rejoiced  in  the  fair  Prospect  that  such  an  Establish- 
ment amongst  us  Promised  additional  oppertunitys  of  advance- 
ing  the  Education  of  our  youth  all  what  we  ardently  wish  and 
therefore  what  we  Could  Give  we  offered  with  the  utmost  Good 
will,  if  our  Good  Intentions  already  are  or  should  be  prustrated 
by  the  stilish  views  of  designing  persons  we  shall  be  Equally 
sorry  on  our  own  account  as  on  theirs  whom  they  deceive  Have- 
ing  been  already  explicet  in  our  former  letters  on  the  advantages 
that  the  school  would  reap  by  being  in  the  vicinity  of  the  City 
we  shall  be  silent  on  that  head  and  make  only  remark  to  obviate 
the  difficulty  you  mention  on  account  of  a  supposed  want  of 
opportunity 8  to  instruct  the  Indian  Children  In  Agriculture 
and  the  Manuel  Arts  that  the  Immediate  Environs  of  this  City 


0. 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


379 


are  Inhabited  by  farmers  whom  if  we  may  be  allowed  to  Judge 
of  their  skill  Industry  and  Occonomy  from  the  affluence  of  their 
Circumstances  acquired  only  by  Husbandry,  we  shall  not  hesi- 
tate to  rank  them  in  the  first  class  of  husbandmen  and  as  these 
Children  will  not  require  to  be  taught  any  other  manual  arts 
then  such  as  will  serve  towards  procureing  the  immediate  neces- 
sarys  and  more  Simple  Conveniencies  of  life  these  too  may  both 
be  obtained  in  this  City.  We  could  have  wished  that  your  son 
and  the  Beverend  M'  Pomory  had  Oommunicated  to  us  the 
Intention  of  their  Journey  when  they  were  here  at  the  time  you 
mention  they  would  have  had  no  reason  to  Complain  of  any 
Coldness  in  us  nor  indeed  can  we  be  Charged  with  any  as  we  do 
not  know  that  those  Gentlemen  were  ever  here  otherwise  then 
by  your  Letter. 

We  thank  you  Sir  for  those  sentiments  of  good  will  that  you 
Express  to  Entertain  for  us  we  hope  you  will  have  no  occasion 
to  Change  them  and  we  should  be  happy  to  have  you  in  this 
Neighberhood  that  you  might  experience  repeated  Instances  of 
oar's  towards  you.  '^ 

We  have  <read  your  published  account  of  the  School  since  its 
beginning  it  has  confirmed  our  opinion  that  your  whole  Conduct 
has  been  with  a  view  to  Promote  religion  and  the  happiness  of 
mankind  may  God  In  whose  holy  worship  you  are  attempting  to 
instruct  the  uninformed  Savages  Crown  till  your  endeavors  with 
success  and  Give  you  to  see  the  accomplishment  of  your  Good 
•work  and  when  it  shall  Please  him  as  the  supreame  disposer  of 
all  things  may  you  depart  hence  in  his  peace 

We  are  Reverend  Sir  &c 


'K  U 


£{.,f,i,«fitJ.',?  1/rl  « 


9m.(Am4  a^kniinif ' mtk  !imsm-yf>.t 


RE7.  MR.  WHEELOCK  TO  THE  CORPORATION  OF  ALBANY. 


.(;.■ 


** 


.#■ 


■    I 


Ml 


•J. 


^'  ''  '  Lebanon  8*  Aprill768. 

Wrpftilandhoh^  Sirs 

Yours  of  March  d^^  Came  Safe  to  hand  two  days,  ago,  in  which 
I  observe  and  gratefully  acknowledge  the  unmerited  expressions 
of  yom*  benevolence  and  respects  towards  me  and  your  truely 


1.4 


380 


tAttM  RCLATtMG  TO 


i« 


generous  dispositions  towaids  this  rising  Institution.  I  tttti  sotry 
that  my  unguarded  manner  of  expressing  myself  in  a  forimr 
letter  respecting  the  objection  so  often  m-^jde  against  itxing  my 
school  in  the  vicinity  of  your  City  (viz  the  bad  morals  of  the 
place)  was  received  in  any  other  light  than  was  simply  and 
honestly  intended  :  my  design  was  only  to  advice  you,  that  such 
an  objection  had  been  frequently  and  strongly  urged ;  and  to 
Give  you  an  opportunity  to  obviate  the  same's  being  f\urther  im- 
proved to  the  disadvantage  of  the  design  proposed  I  had  not  the 
least  intentiofD  or  disposition  to  reflect  upon  your  City,  or  so 
much  as  expvess  my  oiwn  sentiments  respecting  that  matter- 
however  the  earless  and  ungaurded  manner  of  my  expression 
naturally  lead  you  to  eonceive^  that  which  was  very  different 
from  tliat  entire  friendship  which  woUy  Governed  me  in  that 
matter,  and  which  wat  so  far  from  my  intention  that  I  never  had 
a  tlio't  or  the  least  jealousy  of  my  being  so  understood,  till  I 
was  informed  ot  it  by  my  Scm,  and  since  more  fully  by  M' Smith 
of  New  York,  Bowever  I  hope  that  matter  is  now  set  right,  and 
that  you  will  Candidly  ascribe  it  to  that  Crow'd  of  affairs,  which 
obl^es  me  relying  upon  the  goodness  of  those  to  whom  I  write, 
often  to  dismiss  ewea  Letters  of  importance,  without  such  a 
review  ae  I  should  otherwise  think  expedient. 

I  shall  take  the  eariiest  opportunity  to  transmit  your  letters,  to 
the  Earl  of  Baartmoutii  &g,  and  also  Capo  Lansing's  generous 
pvoposai  at  Stoneroby  mn^ 

It  gives;  one  sensible-  pkasuie  Oentlettidli  that  your  sentiments 
are  tlie  same  with  mine  as  to  the  expediency  and  propriety  of 
proceediingy  ^aHj  with  the  a^ice  and  approbation  of  the  Earl  of 
Dartmouth,  and  the  other  Worthy  Gentlemen  of  the  Trust  at 
home  respecting  the  Place  to  fix  this  School. 

I  am  informed  that  some  overtures  are  making  to  invite  the 
settlement  of  this  school  fn  tl^e  Province  of  New  Hampshire 
near  Coos. 

And  by  a  letter  from  home,  I  understand,  that  Gen'  Lyman  is 
using  his  endeavours  to  have  it  carried  into  his  Government  on 
the  Ohio,  .im  #j.?jk  muM.-*  "».?  /'..•*■  i**;.: 

I  liHve  also  lately  heard  that  a  new  plan  is  forming  to  detain 
it  in  this  Government — what  these  proposals  will  ripen  to,  I 


THR  »l%  WATIOdSt 


381 


oftopot^ay,  aadhow  Oentknciflo  at  home  will  have  light  to  8atisfi« 
them)  or  what  expedient  they  will  think  proper  to  obtain  light 
sufficient  to  act  uuderistandingly  and  safely  in  'determining  the 
ioipoiiaot  point,  I  cant  tell,  I  desire  to  do  all  on  my  part  to  be 
(iooe,  and  submit  it  to  and  wait  upon  the  Oreat  Governor  and 
disposer  of  all  events  to  direct  and  determine  the  same  accord- 
ing to  hif  own  holy  and  righteous  will, 

You  may  assure  yourselves  that  the  testimonials  you  bave 

pnn  me  of  your  firieudship  are  not  the  least  among  the  many 

circumstances  which  would  render  the  prospect  of  such  a  situa- 

tiou  agreeable  to  me ;  as  I  am  with  much  esteem  &  respect  tnm 

-» i«>"37 /;•  f/t'K? .  Gentlemen      i  en  s?  (v  jvy*^^*^ 

t  *f  1  vf  t  rf  ■  I  ,jui  your  most  obedient 

.  ii.„  and  very  humble  Servant 

EusAzo^  Wheklock.    I 


The  W:  pful  the  Mayor  &  Ald°  ? 
of  y«  City  of  Albany  J 

f    'ti-T-vi^tjiiJ^fif     ■■ttJkt   "iff* 


Jl 


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it>  fiai^  .T 


KEVD  MB.  BARTON  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Worthy  Sir, 

I  suppose,  before  now,  William  has  ^ain  seen  his  Native  SoU, 
k  delivered  you  my  last  Letter — I  had  such  Expectations  frmn 
this  Lad,  that  I  am  sorry  I  could  not  prevail  upon  him  to  stay 
&  prosecute  his  Studies  a  little  longer;  but  he  got  so  uneasy  at 
the  violent  Proceedings  in  these  Parts,  that  he  apprehended 
himself  in  Danger  indeed  no  Wonder! — Some  People ^here  are 
grown  so  insolent  and  daring,  that  many  even  of  the  Inhabitants 
themselves  seem  to  dread  the  Consequences-^The  Spirit  of 
Vi(Jence  k  Outrage  flames  not  only  here,  but  throughout  several 
of  the  Colonies,  and  bends  its  Fury  at  present  against  the 
Bishops  &  the  Church  of  England: — where  it  will  end,  God  only 
knows. 

Ever  since  the  Murder  of  the  Canestogo  Indians,  their  Plan- 
tation, called  Indian  Toum  of  Canestog«,  has  lain  open  to  waste, 
&  to  the  Use,  or  rather  Abuse  of  every  bold  Intruder — I  lately 


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PAPKRS  RELATING  TO 


if 


1 

'i* 


ir^o'*' 


made  some  Enquiry  about  the  Indian  Deeds  relaiiug  to  this 
town,  which  I  once  saw  in  the  Hands  of  some  Persons,  who 
were  suspected  to  be  concerned  in  the  Assassination  of  those 
hapless  Wretches,  &  had  the  Pleasure  to  be  informed  that  ther 
had  been  collected  by  Cap^  McKee,  &  by  him  transmitted  to 
you. 

Now  I  humbly  request  the  Favour  of  you  to  permit  me  to 
take  this  Plantation  under  my  Care,  and  to  sow  one  of  the  clear 
Fields  untill  it  is  claimed  by,  &  wanted  for  the  Use  of  the  proper 
Owners — I  ask  this  Favour  because  the  Land  is  convenient  to 
me  (being  only  seven  miles  from  Lancaster,)  and  as  I  live  in  a  town, 
where  I  have  no  Land  of  my  own  near,  &  where  Grain  of  every 
kind  is  sold  at  a  most  extravagant  Price — I  am  likewise  encouraged 
to  make  this  Application  as  I  am  well  assured  thftt  my  Care  of 
the  Plantation,  in  preventing  future  waste  8c  keeping  off  Intru- 
ders, will  fully  compensate  for  any  Benefits  I  may  reap 
from  a  little  Crop;  And  I  promise  to  resign  it  in  good  Repak 
whenever  demanded  by  you  or  the  Indians — If  you  should 
think  proper  then  to  favour  my  humble  Boon,  be  pleased  to 
appoint  me  a  kind  of  Agent  or  Overseer  to  take  Care  of  this 
Place  by  a  Certificate,  or  in  any  other  manner  which  you  shall 
deem  better — I  trust  you  will  pardon.  Worthy  Sir,  this  Sollici- 
tation — The  Admission  with  which  you  have  honoured  me  to 
your  Favour  &  Friendship,  leaves  -no  Room  to  doubt  but  you 
will  kindly  indulge  me  the  Freedom  of  this  Address,  &  always 
allow  me  the  satisfaction  of  declaring  myself 

Your  most  obedient,  obliged  and 

Affectionate  humble  servant 
Tho  Barton. 

The  Hont>'«  Sir  William  Johnson,  Baronet. 

P.  S.  As  it  might  give  some  Offence  to  the  Proprietary  Jgentr 
that  this  Application  was  not  made  to  them,  I  would  beg  to 
receive  the  Favour  I  ask,  as  if  from  yourself  j  who  thought  it 
necessary  that  this  Plantation  should  be  put  under  the  Care  and 
Protection  of  some  Person  who  lived  near  it — May  I  liope  for 
an  Answer  as  soon  as  your  Avocations  will  allow  you  to  hear 
me. — Vive  diu  salvus  &  sospes!  .,,.,.« 


;/.  t^.iiii.i 


J   '.K'J  '^  . 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


383 


This  will  be  delivered  to  you  by  M'  Clench,  a  Man  of  Pro- 
perty who  resided  rcany  years  in  Reputation  in  this  County,  but 
Quw  moves  with  his  Family  to  the  Mohawk  River. 

Endorsed  "supposed  in  May  1768" 


MR.  JW.   BROWN  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Schonactady,  5ti>  of  August  1768 
Hon<»  Sir 

Our  Congregation  begs  to  know  wether  there  is  any  reason  to 
Expect  M'  Murray '  soon  here,  if  not  if  your  Honour  approves 
of  it,  we  would  give  him  an  Invitation  to  come  here,  that  if  this 
place  is  agreeable  to  him  and  he  to  us.  we  will  then  Subscribe 
yearly  as  much  a"  lies  in  our  power  for  him,  tho'  I  really  think 
it  will  not  exceed  jB40  tliis  Currency  but  however  if  M'  Murray 
comes  and  you  think  him  a  person  that  [is]  likely  to  promote 
Religion  among  us,  we  make  no  doubt  but  you  will  Sir  :  by 
recommending  another  Mission,  to  be  added  to  this,  or  by  some 
other  means,  make  the  terms  agreeable  to  him  we  are  now  the 
mora  Anxiously  Solicitious  on  this  Head,  as  the  Presbyterians 
are  busee  to  get  M'  Bay^  among  them  I  shall  not  make  any 
appology  for  troubling  your  Honour  with  this  Letter  as  it  would 
betray  a  diffidence  in  your  friendship  for  our  Church  which  we 
have  had  too  many  Proofs,  to  admit  a  doubt  of 
I  am  with  the  utmost  Respect 
4  „;  ,m'  Sir.  your  Honour  most  Obedient 
Humbi«  Servant 

J  W  :  Brown 
To  the  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson  Bar* 

1  Revd  Algxandek  Mubbat,  Ifpiscopal  minister  of  Reading  Pa.  ft-om  1763,4 
to  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution,  when  all  the  Episcopal  Churches  in  Penn- 
sylvania were  closed.    He  withdrew  to  England,  in  1778.    Ed. 

2  RcT.  Andrew  Bat  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  emigrated  to  Maryland 
where  he  married  a  Miss  Hall.  He  belonged  originally  to  the  I^ewcastle  Pres- 
bytery. He  succeeded  Mr.  Hanna  as  Presbyterian  Minister  in  Albany  which 
charge  he  filled  for  the  space  of  five  years,  or  until  about  the  date  of  the  above 
letter.  He  next  moved  to  Newtown,  L.I.  His  name  first  appears  as  a  member 
of  the  N.  Tork  Presbytery  in  1774  by  which  body  he^was  dismissed  June  20th 


I 

1 

■  1 

4. 

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884  pAPraui  iiCLA'rY.>rt«  'vj 

HUGH  OAINE  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON 

ON  THE  IITDIAM   PRATEft  BOOK. 

Sir 

In  searching  Mr.  Weyman's  Papers  after  Iiis  Decease  a 
Number  of  tlie  Siieets  of  tlie  Indian  Common  Prayer  that  you 
employed  him  to  print  off,  came  to  Hand,  but  in  a  very  imper- 
fect State:  He  had  got  as  far  as  the  74th  Page  which  completes 
only  9  sheets ;  but  as  Part  of  several  of  the  sheets  are  not  to  be 
ibund,  tlie  exact  Number  of  each  is  as  follows,  viz    . 

H      A  -  -  280  sheeti  D  -  -  417  0  -  -  -  400 

'      B  -  -  436  E  -  -  413  H 390 

>     C  -  -  460  F  -  -  413  I  -  .  -  406 

I  have  got  all  the  Copy  but  what  is  in  the  Hands  of  the 
Revd.  Mr.  Ogilvie,  who  is  very  willing  to  assist  in  getting  the 
Work  completed,  in  Case  you  think  proper  to  have  the  same 
carried  on. 

I  am  informed  Mr.  Weyman  had  Money  advanced  him  on 
account  of  the  Commop-Prayer  ;  I  hope,  if  tis  so,  the  Work  he 
has  done  may  make  compensation,  as  there  is  nothing  left  to 
pay  the  many  Hundreds  he  owes,  and  me  among  the  other 
Creditors  the  Sum  of  JE300. 

I  am  ignorant  on  what  Conditions  Mr.  Weyman  undertook 
tliis  Job ;  liowever  if  he  has  made  any  Bargain  and  you  are 

1775.  an  the  records  of  tin  Syaod  of  N«w  York  and  Philadelphia,  in  May  1776, 
is  the  following  minute  : — 

"  The  Synod  renewed  the  consideration  of  Mr.  Bay'i  appeal,  and  after  mature 
deliberation,  confirmed  that  part  of  the  Presbytery's  judgment  which  dissolves 
the  union  between  Mr.  Bay  and  bia  oongregatloo ;  and  with  respect  to  the  latter 
part  of  said  judgment,  the  Synod  are  of  opinion,  that  it  would  have  been  proper 
to  have  recommended  to  the  parties,  to  leave  the  settlement  of  all  matters  re- 
specting the  glebe  and  its  appurtenances,  to  arbitrators  mutually  chosen  ;  and  they 
further  advise  that  if  any  disagreement  should  hereafter  arise  between  Mr,  Bay 
and  the  congregation  of  Ntudown,  respecting  said  glebe  and  appurtenances,  that 
they  decide  them  In  the  same  way."  (Prine'i  Hist,  of  L.  I.  804.)  After  quit- 
ing  Newtown,  Mr  B.  is  supposed  to  have  proceeded  to  Gharlaston,  S.  G.  wliere 
his  son,  Elisfaa  Hall  Bay,  was  subsequently  Judge.  All  his  descendants  reside  Id 
tlie  South,  except  a  daughter  who  married  a  British  officer  and  settledin  Nova 
Scotia.    The  Rer.  Mr.  Bay  wa»  Grand  nnele  of  Dr.  Bay,  of  Albany.    £d. 


THK  SIX   NATIOIff. 


385 


willing  I  should  compleat  the  yiotky  I  am  satisfied  to  abide 
by  his. 

I  do  suppose  the  Number  he  intended  to  print  must  have 
been  500 ;  if  so,  and  that  Number  must  be  completed,  the 
whole  must  be  done  over  again  ;  but  if  400  would  suffice,  that 
Quantity  could  be  compleated  by  only  reprinting  the  Letters 
A&H. 

As  tliis  Matter  entirely  depends  on  you,  whatever  Orders  you 

may  thiulc  proper  to  transmit  me,  with  regard  to  the  same,  shall 

be  strictly  observed  by.    Sir 

Your  very  humble  Servant 

■  4'  H.  Oaink. 

New-York         )  .  .        ,      <  ./;  ,    !,; 

Aug.  26, 1768.  5 

*,*  Hdoh  Gaixi  wm  an  Irishman,  and  served  his  time  to  James  Hagee, 
printer,  of  Belfast.  We  learn  from  Thomas,  that  be  came  to  New  York  in  1746, 
and  worked  as  Journeyman  tu  Parker.  His  wages  at  first  were  a  dollar  and  a 
qnarter  a  week ;  he  afterwards  was  allowed  a  trifle  for  board.  To  his  credit 
it  is  stated,  that  even  under  these  discouraging  circumstances  his  economy  and 
ihigality  were  such  that  he  saved  money,  and  with  the  auistance  of  a  fHend 
Imported  a  press  and  types,  with  which  he  opened  a  printing  establishment  about 
tlie  year  1760,  to  which  he  added  a  Bookstore,  in  Hanover  Square.  In  1762,  he 
commenced  the  publication  of  the  New  York  Mercury.  Having  printed  in  his 
paper  of  Nov.  12, 1768,  a  part  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Assembly,  he  was  brought 
to  the  bar  of  the  House  and  reprimanded.  He  printed  the  Journals  of  the  As- 
sembly from  1691  to  1766,  2  v.  fol.,  and  in  January  1768  succeeded  Weyman  as 
public  printer.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  for  whom  he  printed  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  in  the  Mohawk  Tongue,  patronized  him,  and  in  the  collection  of  that 
Baronet's  Mss.  iu  the  State  Library,  are  a  number  of  Gaine's  letters,  giving  Sir 
William  the  earliest  intelligence,  and  most  of  the  current  gossip  of  the  day.  He 
found  it  very  difficult  to  navigate  through  the  tempest  of  the  Revolution.  At 
first  he  removed  his  office  and  business  to  Newark,  N.  J.  He,  however,  return- 
edtoN«iw  York, and  resided  in  that  city  throughout  its  occupancy  by  the  British. 
His  Mercury  was  discontinued  at  the  peace,  after  an  existence  of  about  81  years. 
He  obtained  permission  from  the  State  Legislature  to  remab  in  the  city  after  iti 
restoration  to  the  Americans.  After  which  he  confined  himself  to  book  printing. 
He  was  punctual  in  his  deaUngs,  of  correct  morals,  and  respectable  as  a  citizen. 
He  began  lifle  as  a  poor  man,  but  by  close  application  to  bitaineu  amassed  a  for ' 
tune.    He  died  April  26, 1807,  aged  81  years.— Eo. 


Vol.  IV. 


•%•' 


•I'iil/'    i:\. 


■  ■fi'-f 


,  "H' 


25 


u 


\;i 


f- 


'  I 


I    t,  -w  ■  ■. 


<«s 


386 


'f.fifff: 


PAPERS   RELATING   TO 


SIR.  W.  JOHNSON  TO  HUGH  GAINE. 


Johnson  hall  Sept'  8th  1768. 


•Sir    '      ■  ■•..•.■■.■>■.•, 

3sj.  I  have  Just  received  your  Letter  concerning  the  Indian  prayer 
book,whicli  was  put  into  the  late  M'  Weymaus  hands,  The  Mul- 
tiplicity of  business  prevented  luy  Writing  to  iiim  About  it  for 
some  time  past,  Tho'  I  heartily  wish  it  was  Completed.  I  can- 
not recollect  whether  M""  Weyman  was  Advanced  any  thing  on 
Accot  but  believe  not  by  me.  Neither  do  I  remember  what  were 
the  conditions  of  our  Agreement  tho'  to  the  best  o|<'iny  remem- 
brance there  was  Something  proposed  in  that  wa^'but  that  so 
usefull  a  Work  might  not  be  Longer  delayed,  I  sliould  be  glad 
you  would  inform  me  what  would  be  the  Expence  of  re-printing 
the  Letters  A.  &  H.  so  as  to  Complete  400  Copys  (which  I  think 
may  be  sufficient)  in  a  Good  Legible  Character  &  on  Suitable 
Paper,  if  your  Charge  will  Answer  My  purpose  I  shall  then  de- 
sire you  to  Compleat  the  Work,  and  shall  by  the  favor  of  M' 
Ogilvies  Assistance  which  I  mftke  no  doubt  he  will  chearfully 


give  on  such  an  Occasion. 


.  i^u.ariK 


Please  to  send  an  answer  to  Sir 
I  was  to  have  ab*  20  Books  Tour  most  humble  Servant 

neatly  bound  &  Gilt.  ^^"J  ^»  ^^*^  '**•  • '  «<=''  ^^ ' 

M'  Hugh  Gaine. 


iK  '  ■ 

-ID  I   ■ 
.As 


%\t 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

N*^w-York,  Sept  17, 1768. 


Your  Favour  of  the  8th  Instant  I  this  Day  received,  and 
since  my  last  to  you  have  found  a  Memorandum  among  M' 
Weyman's  Papers,  in  the  following  Words; 

"In  this  Size  [which  is  marked  on  a  Sheet  of  Paper,]  it  will 
make  20  Sheets  in  4to,  which  on  account  of  the  Difficulty  of  the 
Tongue  or  Language,  cannot  be  done  for  less  that  36s  per  Sheet, 
and  Sir  William  must  pay  tor  the  Paper  b«sid§8,  which  will  bs 


■  ^'*?''.''W 


ft'.THE   SIX    NATIONS. 


387 


from  12^  to  18s  per  Ream,  and  each  Ream  will  scarcely  make 
450,  the  whole  therefore  will  amount  to  £S6:  0:  0  fur  printing 
only:    The  binding  also  must  be  paid  by  Sir  William." 

By  the  above  agreement  the  reprinting  the  Letters  A  and  H, 
will  amount  to  no  more  than  £S:  12:  0;  and  the  Paper  I  think 
not  more  than  4s. 

I  am  very  glad  M'  Weyman  has  had  no  money  advanced  him 
on  account  of  this  Work,  as  what  he  has  done  w"ill  serve  to  pay 
some  Part  of  his  Debts. 

With  regard  to  the  Binding,  I  do  suppose  they  will  cost  about 
Is  6d  each,  and  the  20  you  want  gilt,  and  I  suppose  In  red 
*  Morocco,  will  come  very  high;  however  the  whole  shall  be  well 
executed,  and  on  as  easy  Terms  as  possible,  by  Sir 

Your  humble  Servant  ' 

H.  Gaine.  ^ 

To  Sir  W«n  Johnson,  Bart.  ^ 


MR.  J.  W.  BROWN  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON,  runm  7/^ 

Schonactady  Oct  19«J>  17C8. , . 
Hon''  Sir  ,4 

I  Received  your  Intt .  esting  Letter,  which  I  immediately  Com- 
municated the  contents  which  regards  the  Church  to  the  Vestry 
which  made  us  all  very  happy,  but  as  we  want  words  to  Express 
;iir  gratcfuU  Sentiments  to  you  as  we  ought  we  must  be  silent 
we  shall  instantly  sett  about  flnishirg  the  Church,  tho  I  fear  it 
will  be  too  late  in  the  season  to  Plaister  the  walls.  According 
to  order  I  have  sent  1  Barrell  of  Rusk  Branded  on  the  Head  £  B 
which  I  hope  is  come  safe  to  hand  and  am  with  the  most  grate- 
full  Respect  Hon**  Sir  , 

Your  most  Obliged  Hum''*  Servant      ;, 

J  W  Brown.'   ! 
To  Sir  William  Johnston  Bame*.  -^'""^ 

\  We  learn  from  Mr.  L.  H.  Willard  of  Union  College,  that  John  "W.  Brown 
was  born  in  the  year  1727 ;  he  came  to  this  country  from  London  and  settled  in 
Schenectady  iii  1748.    He  married  a  Miu  Wcmple,  and  left  one  son  and  two 


'  '  Vi 

kI^H^^^^^HH  » 

"^B 

B^^^l  ^^^^^^^^^^Bi '  ^' 

^B 

H^B^^^^^B^. 

i^  .ffl 

S'5 

31 

^^^^B   ■^^^^^^^^■irr-i;i 

388  PAPERS  RELATING  TO 

-HAm^  ',      MEMORIAL  OF  REVD.  MR.  WHEELOCK.   *^i  ir..ti 

To  Their  Excellencies    Sir  William   Johnson  Baronet 
Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs  in  North  America 
Sir  Henry  Moore  Esquire  Governor  of  the  Province 
of  New  York,  Beojamin  Franklin  Esquire  Governor 
of  the   Province  of  New  Jersey  and  John  Penn 
Esquire  Deputy  Governor  of  Pennsylvania,   now 
convened  at  Fort  Stanwix. 
The  Memorial  of  Eleazer  Wheelock  of  Lebanon  in  the  Colony 
of  Connecticut,  Founder  and  Director  of  the  Indian  Charity 
School  in  said  Colony,  humbly  sheweth. 

That  said  School  was  founded  with  a  single  view  to  promote 
the  knowledge  of  the  only  true  God,  and  our  common  Salvation, 
especially  among  the  Savages  of  this  Land ;  thereby  to  deliver 
them  from  their  present  miseries,  make  them  good  Members  of 
Society,  loyal  Subjects  to  our  rightful  Sovereign,  and  especially 
cordial  subjects  to  the  King  of  Zion.  and  the  Plan  has  since 
been  well  approved,  and  the  School  generously  endowed  by  the 
Liberalities  of  his  present  Majesty  King  George  the  third,  and 
by  many  Noblemen  and  Gentlemen  in  Europe,  as  well  as  by 
many  charitably  disposed  People  in  America. — and  much  Labour 
and  cost  have  been  already  expended  to  fit  and  qualify  a  number 
both  English  and  Indians  for  Missionaries  and  School-Masters 
among  their  several  Tribes  who  are  now  or  will  soon  be  ready 
to  enter  upon  their  respective  services,  if  suitable  doors  should 

daughters.  After  having  passed  evenly  through  the  tronblcs  of  the  revolution,  in 
which  he  manifested  very  little  interest,  and  arriving  at  an  advanced  age,  he  laid 
down  to  rest  in  1814.  The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  inscription  on  a  slab  in  St. 
George's  Church,  Schenectady:— 


Mn  Memory  of  JOHN  W.  BROWi; 

Who  departed  this  life, 
;     June  30^  1814;  aged  87  years. 
,    ^  native  of  GREAT  BRITJIJST 

Came  to  Schenectady  1748; 

Where  he  remained  untill  l\is  death; 

The  founder  and  steady  friend  of  this 

CHURCH. 


»  :'.      ' 


till 


B***"' 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


389 


be  opened  for  their  improvement  therein.  Some  attempts  have 
also  been  already  made  among  the  Onoidas,  and  not  without 
some  encouragirg  Prospect  that  their  Lives  and  Manners  may 
be  soon  formed  \o  rules  of  decency,  civility  and  religion. — Some 
endeavors  liave  also  been  used  by  your  Memorialists  the  last 
spring  to  introduce  JNiissionaries  and  School-Masters  among  the 
Oaoudagas  and  Tuscaroras,  which  proposal  they  appeared  to 
approve  j  but  suspended  their  full  determination  to  comply  with 
it ;  till  they  could  have  the  concurrence  of  their  Brethren  of 
other  Tribes  therein. 

Aud  your  Memorialist,  being  now  informed  that  all  the 
Nations  are  summoned  to  meet  upon  the  present  public  occasion, 
iias  judged  it  seasonable  to  improve  the  same  for  the  purposes 
aforesaid,  and  especially  as  he  hopes  he  may  have  the  advan- 
tage of  your  countenance  and  Influence,  therein ;  which  he 
doubts  not  your  compassion  towards  those  miserable  Creatures 
will  constrain  you  cheerfully  to  afford  to  the  utmost  of  your 
power  if  you  shall  think  the  Plan  well  devised  to  attain  the 
end  proposed.  And  he  has  therefore  sent  tlie  Rev**  Ebenezer 
Cleaveland '  and  M*"  Allen  Mather  on  purpose  to  solicit  your 
favour  and  assistance  in  this  matter,  by  recommending  to  them 
the  design  of  sending  Missionaries  and  School-Masters  among 
their  several  Tribes  ;  or  by  any  other  ways  or  means,  which 
your  great  wisdom  and  prudence  shall  dictate — relying  on  your 
Candour  and  the  Nature  of  the  Cause  to  excuse  the  freedom  and 
boldness  lierein  assumed  by  him,  who  is  with  highest  Esteem 
and  Respect, 

May  it  please  your  Excellencies,      ' ,  , ' ,      ( .  .    . 

Your  most  obedient  and  ,     • 

most  humble  servant  .       , 

Eleazer  Wiieelock 
Dated  at  Lebanon 

October  16th  A.  D.  17G8  "    ■         '  •■'     '  "'    ' 

1  Rev.  Ebenezer  Cleaveland  was  born  at  Canterbury,  Conn.,  in  the  year 
172C.  He  studied  at  Yalo  Collogc.  While  at  home,  during  a  vacation  in  1744, 
lie  attended  a  dissenting  meeting  for  which  he  was  brought  to  an  account  on  his 
return.  lie  pleaded  that  he  was,  with  his  parents,  a  member  of  the  church. 
This  excuse  would  not  be  received  and  he  was  expelled.  This  extreme  proceeding 
called  forth  much  public  indignation.  lie  received  his  degree  in  1749,  and  died 
minister  of  Gloucester,  July  4th.  1805,  aged  79  years. — Alien, 


,«« 


I'* ''      % 


11 


390 


PAPKUS    RELATING    TO 


■ft'  >^  ) 


.tur  CAVEAT  OF  TWO  N.  E.  MISSIONARIES.        " 

'  AGAINST    HIS    MAJESTv's   ORDERS    TO    SIR    WM.    JOHNSON. 

To  the  Hon'''«  Sir  William  Johnson  Superin*  of  the 
Six  Nations  &c 
Your  Excellency  liaving  receiv'd  a  Letter  lately  from  the 
Rev^  D'"  E.  Wheelockas  also  seen  his  Instructions  for  propegate- 
ing  the  Gospel  among  the  Ind""  &c.  Pursuant  vvherunto  These 
are  humbly  to  desire  &  importune  your  Excellency,  That  in  as 
much  as  your  Excellency  hath  been  pleased  more  publicly,  & 
privately  to  manifest  an  approbation,  &  goodliking  to  the  D""' 
plan,  and  laudable  design  of  propegateing  the  glorious  Gospel 
among  the  Ind"',  under  your  Excellencies  Superintendency  :  so 
your  Excellency  would  please  Still  to  countenance,  &  encourage 
the  truely  noble  design.  And  in  order  to  prosecute  the  same  to 
effect,  that  your  Excellency  (as  a  tender  Father  to  these  perish- 
ing Indians)  would  be  pleased,  of  your  most  generous  &  benevo- 
lent disposition,  so  to  befriend  their  cause,  as  to  prevent  their 
setting  tliemselves  off  from  tlieir  Lands  ;  tlierby  to  frusterate  the 
aforsi^  design  of  propegateing  the  Gospel  among  tliem,  wliich 
undoubtedly  will  be  the  Sad  consequence  of  their  so  doing,  that 
this  effect  may  not  hap'en,  your  Excellency  is  humbly  desir'd  to 
restrict  the  Bounds  of  the  respective  Provinces,  that  they  may 
not  be  extended  So  far  North  &  west,  as  to  cut  off  tlie  Lands  & 
Inheritances  of  the  Natives  :  but  that  they  possess  &  enjoy  them 
for  their  own  private  Temporal  use ;  and  tliat  more  Sacred 
benefit  of  propegateing  the  knowlege  of  the  great  Saviour  of  the 
world  among  tliem  ,  that  so,  by  the  Grace  of  God,  they  may 
have  a  further  opportunity  of  a  more  general  offer  of  tlie  Gospel 
to  them.  And  for  this  end,  that  your  Excellency  would  be 
pleased  to  recommend,  out  of  your  clemency,  and  goodn'>ss,  the 
above  design  of  propegateing  tlie  Gospel  among  them.  To  the 
Heads  &.  Chiefs  .)f  the  Nations  that  may  be  present  at  tliis 
Congress  And  finally,  tliat  we  may  have  an  oppertunity,  by 
order  of  your  Excellency,  to  lay  the  same  before  the  Heads  & 
chiefs  that  may  b^,  here.  And  in  so  d(ting,your  Excellency  vvill 
not  ouely  gain  furtherjust  esteem,  and  deserved  tlianks  *  if  all  that 
wish  well  lo  this  raost  Christian  design  ;  but  the  blessing  (tf 


THE   SIX   NATIONS. 


391 


many  ready  to  perish  will  come  upon  your  Excellency  in  this 
present  world,  and  in  the  world  to  come,  thro'  y®  Grace  of  God, 
life  everlasting  which  is  the  unfeigned  desire,  &  constant  Prayer 
of  your  Excellencys  most  obliged  ' 

Hum'»i«  Servants 


Dated  Port  Stanwix 
October  17'"'  1768 


Jacob  Ws.  Johnson 
David  Avery 


missionaries 


.HM.^:^'''rf^*^'-^TJ^'W 


•,•  Rev.  David  Avert,  after  his  return  from  Fort  Stanwix,  graduated  at 
Tale  College  and  went  in  1771  to  preach  to  the  Indians  on  Long  Island.  He  was 
ordained  at  Hanover  29th  August  1771  as  assistant  to  the  Kevd  Mr.  Kirtland  at 
Oneida  whither  he  immediately  proceeded.  After  spending  a  year  there  he  was 
obliged  to  abandon  the  Mission,  in  consequence  of  the  Indians  in  that  quarter 
being  entirely  disinclined  to  receive  a  second  Missionary  or  school  Master.  This 
cause  added  to  his  ill  health,  discouraged  Mr.  Ayory,  3q  much  that  he  returned 

to  Dartmouth.  '\  ,| 

,      ■  -„■.-.,'■■ 

I 


mM  <ti  •J'liiU 

"  dilt  fit  hiv&.^  rfefi'v 

il  'Kit  )ifjhiiuil>  ni  M  flr!U,ji 


od 


Sir 


REVD  MX  JOHNSON  TO  SIR, W.  JOHNSON. 


t    JJ<iit'<*W   Hi   r^l.''    t' 


'ilTW- 


May  it  please-  your'  Excellency  To  informe  the  Indian'  Chiefi 
here  present  that  the  Reijsons  why  I  was  not  present  at  the  First 
opening  of  the  Congress.  Was  partly  oweing  to  my  being 
unwell  that  day  and  partly  by  •misinformation  of  the  Time  when 
upon  ray  hearing  of  the  Condoleno*  &c  I  much  regretted  my 
absence  and  especially  since  I  have  heard  some  ill  imprpvement 
has  be.^r  already  made  of  it  by  Monsir  Mountour  which  may 
possib'j  ywa  probably  prejudice  the  minds  of  the  Indians  against 
me  k  even  the  Protestant  Religion  which  Sir  is  very  affecting  & 
grievious  to  roe  &  sundry  others  w]\o  have  reminded  me  of  it 
svith  concern — your  Excellency  will  tlierefore  please  to  let  my 
Fathers  &  Brethren  of  the  Indians  know  I  Heartily  Sympathize 
with  them  &  am  greatly  grievd  &  concernd  tlrnt  there  should  be 
any  impressions  made  on  their  minds  of  a  contrary  tendency 
Let  them  know  I  am  a  most  sure  &  fast  Friend  "Lo  them  and 


t: 


■■■■*■, 


f^r 


4ta 


892 


PAPERS  BiXATIIfG  TO 


especially  their  Souls  Salvation  who  am  may  it  please  your 

Excellency  Your  excellencies  Hum«  Serv». 

Jacob  Ws.  Johnson 
(Endorsed)    Parson  Johnson's  letter 


ar>5:iJi(£« 


r:m 


.?     POSITION  OF  REV.  MR.  JOHNSON  DEFINED. 

To  Sir  William  Johnson,  Govemer  Franklin,  The  Rev<-" 
Mr  Peters,  the  Chief  Justice  Smyth,  Coll.  Johnso-i 
'"  and  the   other  Kespectable  Gen*"  of  this  Table. 

Health  &  prosperity  to  you  all. 
In  as  much  as  I  am  a  minister  of  Christ,  &  my  Work  princi- 
pally to  preach  the  Gospel  to  the  lower  rank  of  people:  I  have 
not  used  my  self  mucli  to  the  company,  &  converj'e  of  Gent"  of 
the  Civil  &  Iviilitary  order  especially  in  the  pleasure  and  prac- 
tice of  drfiiking  Healths,  Loyal  Toasts  &c  wherfore  I  may 
easily  oflfend  in  this  respect,  with  no  ill  meaning — ^And  in  as 
much  as  in  drinking  the  Kings  health  yesterday,  I  used  such 
terms,  as  to  offend  Col  Johnson  Mr  Chief  Justice,  &  it  may  be 
some  others.  In  saying  I  drink  the  King  of  New  Eng<J  Health, 
the  Health  of  the  King,  tliat  hears  our  Prayers,  &c  I  do  hereby 
honestly,  and  before  him  that  knoweth  all  things,  protest,  I  had 
no  other  meaning  then,  or  now,  but  what  is  express'd  or  imply'd 
In  these  words — ^I  drink  the  Health  of  King  George  iii.  of  Great 
Britain  &c— compreiiending  New  Eng<i  &  all  the  British  Colo- 
nies 8l  provinces  in  North  America.  And  I  mean  to  drink  such 
a>  Health  to  his  British  Majesty,  when  occasion  serves,  so  long 
es  ijis  Hoj'al  Miyesty  shall  govern  his  British,  &  American  sub- 
jects according  ■  o  Nfagna  Charta,  or  the  great  charter  of  English 
LilHjrties,  and  hears  the  prayers  of  l\is  American  Subjects,  when 
properly  laid  before  Him — But  in  case  his  Bitish  Majesty  (which 
God  iji  great  mercy  prevent)  should  superseed  &  proceed  con- 
trary to  charter  rights  &  privileges,  &  Govern  us  with  a  Rod  of 
Iron,  &  the  mouth  of  Canons  and,  make  his  Little  Finger  thicker 
than  llis  Fathers  loyus,  and  utt»*rly  refuse  to  hear  or  consider 
our  Humble  prayers;  then,  &  in  that  case  1  should  think  it  my 


r    THE  SIX  NATIOMtl. 


393 


indispensable  Duty  to  seek  a  retreat  else  where:  or  joyn  with 
my  Countrymen  in  Forming  a  New  Empire  in  Ameriea,  distinct 
from,  &  independent  of  the  British  Empire:  agreeable  to  a  pro- 
jected. &  predicted  Plan  in  a  late  essay*  which  in  Substance 
agrees  with  my  mind  in  these  things  &,  if  I  am  not  mistaken,  with 
every  true  son  of  Liberty. 

Your  Excellencies  most  Obed* 

Humle  servt 

Jacob  W  S.  Johnson. 
Fort  Stanwix  octob,  20  1768. 

» a  late  essay  Intitled  the  Power  &  Gendure  of  Great  Britain, 

Founded  on  the  Liberties  of  the  Colonies  &c. 


I  ■':< 


f  •»'  V 


I'.;.' 


REV.  MR.  JOHNSON  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

May  it  please  Your  Excelency 

It  is  with  some  apprehension  of  Concern  I  write — I  am  sen- 
sible of  the  great  propriety  of  Your  Excellencys  forbidding  the 
Ind"»  intoxicating  Spirits  (at  this  Time) — and  besides  the  other 
Ind"  in  gen>i,  It  may  be  observ'd  the  Seneca's  who  have  been  a 
great  wliile  in  coming — come  arm'd — while  we  at  the  Fort  &  round 
about  are  naked — &  defenceless — They  have  also  (it  is  s*')  tlieir 
Romish  Priests  among  them:  who  hold  it  meritorious  to  kill 
Hereticks  (as  they  call  us)  And  our  sins  and  provocations  may 
inceqge  Heaven  to  let  them  lose  at  unawares  upon  us;  if  the 
utmost  care,  &  precaution  be  not  taken — which  your  Excellency 
in  his  superior  Wisdom  will  doubtless  well  consider-— &  give 
orders  accordingly.  As  the  Scituation  of  affairs  wear  a  most 
threatning  aspect  (at  this  juncture)  so  I  can't  but  think  it  a  time 
to  be  serious,  if  there  be  any  such  Time:  And  in  this  Spirit  I 
write  to  your  Excellency.  If  my  apprehensions  are  groundless, 
1  shou'd  be  glad,  &  ask  your  Excellencies  forgiveness — who  am 
with  all  due  Respect  your  Excelly, 

obed*  Hum'*  Servt 

Fort  Stanwix  octobr  22  1708.  Jacob  W«  Johnson. 

P.  S.  As  I  am  asetT,  T  may  he  knowing  tosom^'  tilings — Your 
Kxcellency  possibly  may  not — which  oocasiotis  lue  thus  to 
write— 


r- 


394 


PAPERS    RELATING   TO 


^•|J*H'-r''f-"* 


^  iv<<nji/u4i     im4^ 


>t(<.Lu 


|. 


9 


tev,,      KEV.  MR  JOHNSON  TO  THE  COMMISSIONERS. 

To  Sir  W""  Johnson  Governour  Franklin  Col  Grahom  Co]  Butlei 
and  other  Respectable  Gent"  Intrested  &  concerned  at  their 
Congress 
Hon'*  &  Respectable 

As  I  am  here  in  behalfeof  D«"  Wheelock  in  the  cause  of  Prope- 
gafeing  the  Gospel  among  the  Indians  of  these  Nations  I  must 
be  Faithful  To  let  you  know  that  whereas  the  D""  Especially  & 
some  others  with  him  liave  laid  out  much  I^abor  &  cost  with  a 
view  to  spread  the  Gosi)el  among  the  Indians  we  are  extremely, 
loath  lo  see  the  cause  i\\e  under  our  hands  and  a  fund  at  Home 
of  above  Xl'2U00  Sterling  that  was  raised  by  Noble  generous  & 
cliaratable  benefactors  and  additions  therunto  in  this  country  be 
lost  or  diverted  from  the  design  of  the  Doners  which  we  Imagin 
must  be  in  whole  or  in  great  part  if  the  Indians  &  especially 
these  Onoida's  yield  up  tlieir  Lands  We  tlierfore  ask  that  a 
D(Jor  may  be  kept  open  to  them  where  the  Gospel  has  been 
preaclied  and  Scliools  set  up  that  we  may  know  where  to  find 
them  &  not  have  to  ramble  all  over  the  world  after  them  or 
Find  tliem  vassals  on  other  mens  Land  And  as  we  propose  to 
propegate  the  Gospel  in  the  most  open  christian  &  catholick 
jiianner  imaginable  we  are  quite  unwilling  to  be  circumvented 
in  any  way  wliatsoever  being  assured  our  Design  is  good  what- 
ever our  success  may  be  And  therfore  pray  you  most  Hon'® 
Gent"  duely  &  deeply  to  consider  &  weigh  the  Cause  not  for 
man  but  fc^r  God  to  whom  you  &  I  must  soon  give  an  account 
I  am  ready  to  confer  with  any  of  you  Gen'"  &  others  who  would 
know  fartlier  of  these  things  or  would  make  any  Proposals  about 
them  wliicli  I  have  thus  in  gen^'  hinted  at 

who  am  with  all  due  Respect  yours 

Jacob  W"  Johnson. 
Fort  Stan'-vix  octob  30  1768. 


(JITENDED   T< 


4t 


'  '    ■:  '•}-.:■' 


«*»^ 


tf ' 


.; 


•)  I  THE<  SIX   NATIONS* 


SPEK(JH  OF  REV.  MR  JOHNSON 


395 


(NTENDED    TO    BE  DELIVKRED   TO  THE   SIX  CONFEDKRATE   NATIONS    AT 
FORT  STANWIX,    3l8T  OCTOBER,    17(38. 

Know  Ye  That  Whereas  The  Rev'  D'  Eleazer  Wheelock  of 
Lelmnon  in  the  CoLjny  of  Connecticut  in  New  England  Minister 
of  Jesus  Christ  is  about  to  Set  up  a  College  or  Great  School  for 
the  benefit  of  the  Indians  which  generous  &  good  design  is 
tavouM  by  your  Royal  Father  the  King  of  Great  Britain  The 
Earl  of  Dartmouth  together  with  many  wise  as  well  as  great  & 
g(K3d  men  And  a  place  is  now  Searching  out  whearon  to  set  up 
ii  College  and  many  great  offers  made  in  Lands  &  Monies  wher- 
ffith  to  endow  s""  College  in  several  of  tlie  neighbouring  English 
Goverments  but  no  place  resolv'd  upon  as  yet  to  set  up  s<i 
Cc  liege. — 

These  are  therfore  to  ask  of  you  Fathers  &  Brethren  if  it  be 
your  minds  anu  what  you  would  choose  to  appropriate  &  devote 
a  certain  tract  of  your  Land  or  country  for  this  great  &  good 
purpose  on  or  near  The  Mohawk  River  or  wherever  you  in  your 
Wisdom  may  think  most  convenient  of  such  extent  and  worth 
as  may  be  sufficient  with  what  monies  &  other  Benefactions  & 
Charities  may  be  given  to  endow  s**  College  That  it  may  be  of  a 
most  Public  &  extensive  use  &  benefit  to  the  several  Nation  of 
Indians  And  this  proposal  is  made  with  no  view  to  acquire  your 
Lands  for  any  private  use  of  any  person  or  persons  no  Fatliers 
k  Brethren  we  dont  want  your  Lands  for  ourselves  but  for  this 
most  public  use  &  benefit  to  the  Indian  Nations  if  it  shall  be 
your  Desire  to  have  it  set  upon  your  Country  rather  than  on 
the  English  ground  and  upon  a  Representation  made  herof  to 
the  Hon'«  k  Respectable  Board  of  Trust  in  Great  Britain  They 
shall  think  it  more  expedient  &  better  upon  all  views  &  conside- 
rations to  set  it  in  your  Country  rather  than  on  the  English 
Ground 

Your  answer  to  the  above  Proposal  is  Desird  By  Jacob  W» 
Johnson  Minister  of  Christ  &  Missionary  to  the  Onoida  Indians 
&  uthers . 


•    ( 


.  J. 


r    « 


■^i 


'  >  I 


\f^^' 


fn 


IP' ., 


896 


PAPERS   RELATINL^  TO 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON, 

CONCERNING   THE    INDIAN    PRAYER    BOOK. 

Sir 

Your  favour  of  the  12th  ultimo  Aom  Fort  Stanwix,  is  now 
before,  which  I  should  have  answered  much  Sooner,  had  J  not 
well  known  you  were  deeply  ingaged  in  Business  of  greater 
consequence  to  your  Country,  and  I  rejoice  to  hear  you  have  so 
happily  succeeded  in  the  sanae. 

I  expect  to  have  the  Prayer  Book  finished  by  Christmas,  but 
as  it  will  make  several  sheets  more  than  was  at  first  imagined,  I 
am  confident  the  Binders  will  expect  2s.  instead  of  Is  6  for  the 
l)lain  Ones  Please  to  let  me  know  how  many  you'll  want  in 
Morroco  Leather.  I  heard  the  Revd  M'  Ogilsby  say,  he  should 
have  Occasion  for  a  few  neatly  bound. 

With  Regard  to  the  Price  of  the  Printing  I  will  only  say  this, 
that  when  the  Bargain  M^  Weyman  made,  is  completed,  the 
Printer  will  have  but  very  little  for  his  Trouble,  and  that  there 
would  be  a  mucli  greater  Benefitt  resulting  from  English  at 
half  the  Price.  However  I  want  no  more  than  what  is  reason- 
able which  I  am  very  certain  you  will  allow  me. 

The  Difference  to  me  in  an  Impression  of  a  1000  or  400,  with 
Regard  to  the  Labour,  would  not  have  been  X5  and  should  have 
been  no  more  to  you  than  th^t  of  the  Paper,  but  now  that  is  too 
late  to  be  thought  of. 

I  have  sent  to  Boston  for  a  set  of  Hutchinson's  History  of 
Massachusetts-Bay,  and  there  is  not  a  gilt  4to  Bible  in  this  Citj 
to  be  sold,  but  I  shall  endeavor  to  get  you  one  by  the  Spring,  if 
I  should  run  it  by  way  of  Falmouth,  as  we  have  all  agreed  not  to 
send  for  any  Goods  tliis  Winter.    I  am 

,       h     U  V  ;.f,,  I  your  Very  humble  Servant 

<  ..ijr,   •.  ,-ft'K-n*'i/-  -  Hugh  Gaine. 
New-York  Nov. 
19,  1768. 

P.  S.  If  any  of  the  Common  Prayers  are  to  be  sent  to  Lon- 
don, if  they  are  sent  in  sheets  in  my  Opinion  it  may  do,  as  they 
<';in  be  hound  there  to  satisfaction. 


'/',); 


;■( 


.  n 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


SIR  W.  JOHNSON  TO  GENL  GAGE 


397 


■■>t 


TOUCHING  THE    INTRIGUES  OF  THE   N.    E.   MISSIONARIES    AT  THE 
TREATY   AT    FORT   STANWIX. 

Johnson  hall,  Nov' 24^  1768. 
Dear  Sir, 

I  have  now  the  pleasure  to  enclose  you  a  Copy  of  the 
Indian  Deed  of  Cession  to  his  Majesty  specifying  the  Boundary 
as  also  Extracts  of  the  most  material  parts  of  the  Transactions 
at  the  late  Treaty.  The  Indians  insisted  on  their  Title  to  the 
Lands  as  far  as  the  Cherok<  ver,  which  they  Cede  to  the 
King  and  I  was  contented  to  .dmit  it  in  the  Deed  &  Transac- 
tions, notwithstanding  any  pretended  Claim  of  the  Clierokees, 
because  it  puts  kn  End  to  the  Claim  of  tlie  Northern  Indians, 
and  leaves  it  only  to  be  settled  by  the  Cherokees  sho»i  tlie  latter 
appear  to  have  any  Colour  of  a  title  thereto,  Tlio  I  am  Confident 
they  have  no  pretensions  to  Lands  North  of  that  River  or  beyond 
certain  Mountains  which  I  heard  both  the  Cherokees  and  6 
Nations  many  years  ago  declare  to  be  the  true  boundary  between 
them.  Tlie  Indians  were  for  Continuing  the  Line  from  Canada 
Creek  in  a  manner  which  wo^  have  been  judged  very  disadvan- 
tageous to  this  Province  and  therefore  we  agreed  to  stop  at  the 
Mouth  of  Canada  till  his  Majestys  pleasure  wod  he  known,  when, 
as  it  is  an  affair  in  which  only  Two  Nations  are  concerned  I 
apprehend  I  can  settle  it  reasonably  and  perhaps  on  much  more 
advantageous  terms. 

It  will  be  impossible  for  you  to  Judge  in  the  least  of  my 
Trouble  and  the  dificulties  I  had  to  overcome  from  the  Extracts 
r  have  sent  or  indeed  from  a  Copy  of  the  whole,  for  the  most 
ifaterial  Points  are  settled  at  private  Congresses  with  the  Chiefs 
ofwch'no  minutes  can  be  taken,  and  these  I  was  engaged  in 
Mght  &  Day,  for  as  we  came  to  Argue  the  Continuation  of  the 
Boundary  Northward  from  Tort  Pitt,  we  had  sev'  disputes  & 
tlie  difficulties  enoreased  in  proportion  as  we  went  tor  the  North- 
ward and  Came  near  the  Settlements  of  the  Six  Nations  or  their 
depend^*  and  to  add  to  all  this  Two  N.  England  Missionaries 
came  up4he  one  of  whom  was  strongly  recommended  to  me  by 


t  •••. 


i 


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■  \. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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UitM    |2.5 
US  y^    |2.2 

ii 

iiiim 

III  1.6 


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Hiotographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


33  WIST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER.  NY.  14SS0 

(716)  •73-4503 


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398 


PAPERS    RELATING   TO 


ilS  I .:  I'  I 


;f-  ■' 


\m9'. ' 


rMh 


D""  Wheelock  of  Connecticut  and  did  all  in  their  power  to 
prevent  the  Oneidas  (whose  property  part  of  the  Susquehannah 
&c  is)  from  agreeing  to  any  Line  that  might  be  deemed  Keuson- 
able  They  had  even  tlie  lace  in  opposition  to  his  Majestys 
Commands  &  the  desire  of  the  Colonies  to  Memorial  me  Praying 
that  the  Ind*  might  not  be  allowed  to  give  up  lar  to  the  North 
or  West  but  to  reserve  it  for  the  purposes  of  Religion,--and 
publickly  declared  to  sev'  Gentlemen  there,  tliat  they  had  taken 
'  intinite  pains  witli  the  Ind*  to  obstruct  the  Line  &  would  Con- 
tinue to  do  so.  The  New  Englanders  have  had  Missionaries  for 
sometime  amongst  the  Oneidas  &  Oghquagaes  and  I  was  not 
ignorant  that  tiieir  old  pretensions  to  the  Susquehanna  Lands, 
was  tlieir  Real,  tho'  Religion  was  tlieir  assumed  object,  but 
knowing  that  any  steps  I  could  take  with  these  Missions*  would 
from  the  Ind«  conceptions  be  deemed  violent  I  treated  them 
wltli  silent  contempt,  Tho  I  think  you  should  know  these 
Circumstances,  &  the  Government  &  public  in  Gen'  should  see 
)n  what  manner  their  favors  &  Indulgences  are  made  use  of  by 
these  Gentry  of  which  I  co<'  give  many  Instances  being  possessed 
of  their  secret  instructions  &  many  other  very  extraordinary 
papers. 

The  Reservations  the  Ind"  have  made  and  every  thing  else 
necessary  will  I  hope  be  confirmed  &  secured  by  Colony  Laws,  I 
have  only  at  this  time  to  add  my  Wishes  that  the  Transactions  at 
the  late  Treaty  may  be  agreeable  to  you,  &  to  assure  you  that  I 
am  with  the  greatest  Truth  &  Regard. 

Dear  Sir  &c 

My  last  Letters  were  of  the  18"»  &  20"»  of  this  month. 


^  ^trrii'T  J«  b ' 


^«Um»ii.  j)j^  SHUCKBURGH  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON,  ,'"' 

j»    «t,  y.-  TOUCHING  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER-BOOK. 


.«  Usj*.  *<■»'■■»•>■•   }    '■ 


N.  York  28  Nov'  1768. 


Or 

As  I  had  often  visited  M'  Gaine  ab*  the  Ind"  Prayer  Books  I 
was  w^h  him  thig  Day,  h«  says  all  that  htt  hag  to  do%th  them 


THE   SIX   WATIONS. 


399 


will  be  liiiishd  in  a  few  Days  then  will  send  them  to  the 
Binders  su  tliat  in  less  tiian  a  fortnight  you  may  have  some  of 
tliem  up.  I  have  made  bold  to  tell  liim  not  to  let  any  go  out  of 
his  hands  till  you  liave  the  whole  that  you  want,  for  he  spoke  as 
if  M'  Ogilive  would  Expect  some  to  send  to  his  friends  in  Eng- 
land. M""  Gaiue  desir'd  me  to  inform  you  that  those  that  you 
woud  liave  bound  in  Moroco  Leather  had  better  be  sent  in  Sheet 
to  England  &  bound  there  as  'twill  be  difficult  to  get  that  sort 
of  Leatlier,  Expensive,  &  the  work  not  so  neatly  done  as.  in 
England,  y*"  Letter  to  Lord  Hillsborough  I  gave  to  M*  Adams 
as  I  understood  he  had  Liberty  of  sending  y'  Dispatches  by  a 
private  Ship  if  none  of  y«  kings  Pacquets  were  here:  there  is  a 
new  Pacquet  for  y*  kings  us  Comanded  by  Cap  Goodridge 
advertis'd  this  Day  to  go  in  December.  Gen^  Gage  not  yet 
returnd  tia  s^icl  li%4s  by  the  Way  on  the  Land  Richards  is  arriv'd 
in  ten  Weeks  no  material  news  can  Fgather  from  home  or  here. 
•    I  am  w'»>  due  Respect  to  you  &  family 

y  most  obli^d  &  very  hble  Serv*  '., 


inlm't 


R>l  Shvckburgh 


ffi"^^-. 


MR.  BROWN  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 


it 


V      >J 


l". ' 


,  '»• ' 


■4 


i-.l 


"'r— -^  '     5"'. 


■  u 


■•>ti  ilj>'- 


Sir 


Schonactady  December  6th  i76b. 


■( 


On  thei  receipt  of  your  Letter  you  hon«*  me  with  dated  24t'> 
October,  we  immediately  wrote  to  M^  Murrey  but  have  not  yet 
lecd  an  answer  we  could  not  fb  on  at  that  time  with  Ceiling  the 
Church  as  there  was  not  one  Plaisterer  in  Town,  so  concluded 
to  stay  till  the  Spring  when  Mauffet  as  Promised  to  do  it,  we 
shall  give  W  Sutton  the  offer  of  the  Joiner*  work  as  any  recom- 
meudatiou  from  your  Hon'  Ought  and  shall  always  be  an  agree- 
able command  with  us.  but  the  way  M*"  Davies  and  he  proposes 
will  Vastly  exceed  what  we  can  pretend  too,  it  gave  me  real 
concern  that  M'  Peters  had  left  this  place  before  we  knew  it 
which  was  owing  to  M""  Clinch  forgetfulness  as  he  promised  to 
acquaint  me  with  his  arival  her«  as  we  intended  to  have  returned 


-  i1 


,  * 


■* 


»i+ 


31' 


400 


PAPERS  REXATIVO  TO, 


him  our  gratefbll  thanks.  I  have  talked  with  Collins  very  pUdn 
abont  the  money  which  he  coUected  for  the  use  of  the  Church 
at  Fort  Stanwix  but  he  declares  it  is  not  more  than  twenty  nine 
Shillings  but  if  so  he  surely  ought  to  have  Acquainted  your 
honour  there  with 

I  am  with  the  Most  Dutiflill  respect 

Sir  your  Most  Humbl  Servant 

J  W.  BaowN. 
To  the  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson. 


« 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  6ENL  GAGE. 

Johnson  hall  1j^  1  Oti>  1768. 
Dear  Sir  " 

I  wrote  you  yesterday  by  M^or  Gorham,  This  Letter  is  ad- 
dressed to  you  at  the  intreaty  of  the  Bearer  M^  Adair,  >  who  I 
am  informed  was  for  many  years  a  Trader  of  first  consequence 
amongst  the  Cherokees  flfl^  I  believe  his  present  Circumstances 
are  very  indif^rent  but  he  conceives  he  has  a  prospect  of  some 
advantage  in  view  from  the  Publication  of  a  manuscript  hi  has 
wrote  on  the  Manners,  Customs  &  History  of  the  Southern 
Indians,  tending  to  prove  their  descent  from  the  Hebrews, 
which  performance  shews  him  a  man  well  acquainted  with  the 
Languages,  and  very  Curious  in  his  Remarks,  His  design  is  to 
go  for  England  and  (if  he  may  be  allowed)  to  take  some  Chick 
saws  with  him,  &  as  none  of  that  Nation  were  ever  ther>^( 
conceives  It  would  be  for  the  public  advantage  to  Shew  them 
the  greatness  and  power  of  the  English. 
.  I  apprehend  that  your  Patronage  in  whatever  shape  yon  may 
please  to  Countenance  his  design,  is  his  principal  object.  If  he 
is  worthy  of  it  in  any  degree  my  recommendation  is  needless— 
His  appearance  may  not  be  much  in  his  favor  and  his  volumi- 
nous Work  may  rather  be  deemed  Curious  than  entertaining, 

but  he  is  certainly  well  acquainted  with  the  Southern  Indians, 

% 

1  Jaiub  Aoaib,  author  of  the  Hutory  of  Jtiuriean  Indians,  London  4to, 
1771. 


.^  ( 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


401 


and  a  man  of  Learning  tho  Rusticated  by  30  years  residence  in 
a  Wild  Country — He  tiiinks  tliat  I  could  serve  him  by  mention- 
ing him  to  you,  and  I  hope  that  his  importunity  in  consequence 
of  that  opinion  will  apologize  for  the  Liberty  I  have  taken  in 
Giving  you  this  Trouble. 


.;  :-<'i 


%^y 


';  *i 


* 


k-rrUi 


SIB  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD.  WM.  SMITH. 

Johnson  Hall  Jany  3<i  1769. ' 
Sir 

The  return  of  M'  M«Clay  affords  me  a  good  opportunity  of 
answering  your  favor  of  last  month  on  the  subjects  you  mention 
on'some  of  ^\ilkSi^'  Peters  &  I  have  conversed,  and  to  whom 
I  have  wrote  fli|(|!,the  other  day  as  well  concerning  M'  Murray, 
as  k  the  Two  Young  men  you  mention  for  Orders  your  Senti- 
ments on  which  I  greatly  approve.  ** 

I  long  since  informed  the  Society  that  if  his  Majestys  permis- 
sion was  obt^  I  would  use  my  Interest  to  get  a  valuable  Tract 
of  Land  for  the  Church  but  have  never  since  received  any  thing 
concerned  it,  I  however  lately  secured  a  purchase  made  by 
myself  for  these  purposes,  &  if  the  Society  will  use  their  Interest 
to  obtain  the  Royal  Grant,  I  will  still  endeavor  to  get  a  large 
purchase  to  the  Northward  where  the  Line  is  not  yet  Closed. 

ir.  Barton  and  yourself  may  be  well  assured  of  my  friendly 
rUiirds,)  and  of  my  inclination  to  do  you  any  good  office  Wi  my 
p*«f>t^,  I  am  likewise  Sensible  of  your  care  of  my  Son,  and  your 
gooa  inclinations  towards  him,  and  wish  I  could  obtain  the  Tract 
yon  require  in  a  Convenient  place.  The  Line  as  I  before 
observed  is  not  closed  to  the  Northward  so  that  Lands  there  must 
lye  till  his  Majestys  pleasure  is  known,  and  for  the  rest  it  is 
Ceded  to  the  King  by  the  late  Treaty,  so  that  it  is  hard  to 
know  what  wiU  be  the  Channel!  for  Patents  in  future,  and  the 
fees  here  are  Extremely  high — ^at  the  late  Treaty  nothing  was 
done  with  regard  to  Lands  but  what  related  to  the  boundary,  or  « 
had  been  before  determined  on,  should  any  Tract  answer  that*' 
may  be  had  on  a  reasonable  lay,  worthy  your  attention,  I  shall 

Vol.  IV.  26 


■mS' 


3-' 


I       I 


i    > 


m 


PAFKBS  BiXATING  TO 


be  very  Glad  to  serve  you  in  it.  I  am  much  obliged  by  the 
honor  done  me  in  Choosing  me  a  Member  of  the  Philosophical 
Society,  and  altlio'  my  Necessary  Avocations  must  deprive  me  of 
much  of  the  pleasure  I  might  otherwise  receive  as  one  of  that 
Body.  I  cannot  but  accept  it  with  many  thanks,  heartily  wish- 
ing that  their  Institution  may  be  attended  with  that  Utility  to 
tlie  public  &  Reputation  to  the  founders  which  may  be  reason- 
ably expected  from  tlie  Transact"  •  of  Gentlemen  who  apply 
themselves  to  studies  of  such  Importance. 

Be  assured.  Sir,  of  the  perfect  Esteem  with 
which  I  am  always.  &c. 

•,•  Rev  Dr.  Smith  to  whom  the  above  letter  is  addressed,  was  a  native  of  Scot. 
land  and  graduated  at  Aberdeen  in  1747.  He  then  immigrated  to  this  country  and 
on  being  invited  to  take  charge  of  the  College  in  Philadelphia,  returned  to  Em. 
land  and  received  orders  in  the  church  of  England  in  DHSember  1758.  In  May 
following  he  was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  Philadelphia  ^stitution.  He  revisited 
England  in  1759  when  the  degree  of  D.D.  was  conferred  tuihim  by  the  University 
of  Oxford.  After  a  life  of  much  usefulness  he  died  in  Philadelphia,  A.D.1803, 
aged  76  years.    His  works  in  2  v.  8vo.  are  in  the  State  Library.    Ed. 


^4^'^*-   JOSEPH  CHEW  ESQ.  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 


>     4    • 


New  London  Jan'y  24U»  1769 
Dear  Sir  ,,;;y 

Nothing  could  make  me  so  happy  as  to  hear  of  your  healtji, 
indeed  I  am  Extremely  impatient  for  this  as  I  have  not  heuid 
anything  &om  the  Hall  siiie  I  left  Albany. 

I  was  at  New  Haven  last  week  where  the  General  Assembly 
of  this  Colony  were  wtting  and  heard  Col°  Dyer  make  his  appli- 
cation to  them  for  a  Deed  of  the  susquehanna  Lands — in  doing 
this  he  was  pleased  to  say  somethings  that  I  knew  were  not  true 
and  informed  several  of  the  House  of  it  &  CquM  I  have  stayed 
untill  he  Came  out  should  have  told  him  so— I  have  since  heaid 
P  the  Assembly  did  not  Choose  to  give  any  Deed — One  Keeny  who 
4pays  he  has  been  a  Missionary  or  Preacher,  with  the  Indians  has 
told  many  of  them  here  that  you  have  ordered  all  the  dissenters 


'^f  r 


f 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


403 


out  of  the  Indian  Country  and  will  suffer  none  but  Church  men 
to  preach  to  or  have  any  thing  to  say  to  them — Numbers  of  the 
Saints  liave  applyed  to  me  I  informed  them  that  I  heard  the 
Seneca  and  Onondaga  Sachems  say  none  of  them  should  Come 
amongst  them  untill  the  Oneida's  grew  better  &  Reformed  their 
manners. 

Some  Gentlemen  that  may  be  depended  on  who  I  have  seen 
within  these  few  days  from  Boston  Report  that  the  People  there 
who  were  such  Hero's  in  August  &;  Sept.  last  are  now  under  the 
most  terrible  apprehensions  for  fear  of  being  Called  to  Great 
Britain  by  virtue  of  a  Lord  Chief  Justices  Warrant — for  Call- 
ing &  meeting  at  a  Famous  Convention  and  other  matters  of  the 
same  Nature — Some  Letters  from  London  Mention  that  Lord 
George  Sackvile  is  talk't  of  to  succeed  M'  Barnard  I  have  sent 
you  with  the  Boston  papers  one  Published  in  this  Town  which  I 
think  a  very  curious  one  indeed  I  can't  help  being  of  opinion 
that  the  Resolutions  of  this  Parliment  will  put  a  stop  to  many 
things  of  this  sort. 

I  have  wrote  two  or  three  Letters  to  Col*  Croghan  but  \iave 
not  had  an  answer — ^hope  my  good  friends  in  the  Neighbourhood 
of  Fort  Johnson  are  very  well  also  those  at  the  Hall  and  beg  my 
Respects  to  them — M'*  Chew  presents  hers  to  you  and  I  offer  all 
the  good  wishes  in  my  Power  for  your  health  &  Happiness  and 
am  most  sincerely  and  Respectfully 
Dear  Sir 
your  most  Obed*  & 

Most  Hble  Serv*  ;* 
Jos  Chew. 
The  Hon'>i«  Sir  W™  Johnson  Bart.^'Wk 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  DR.  AUCHMUTY. 

Johnson  Hall  Jany  25ti>  1769. 
Sir-  u 

I  am  to  thank  you  for  your  favor  of  the  4th  Inst,  and  for  the 
particulars  you  communicated  concerning  the  Conduct  of  the 


•'iti',,' :*v'-'<  f.   ■.,'«'l 


^.     *        s 


I  i 


-     i- 


m 


404 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


Gentleman  &  party  therein  mentioned,  relative  to  which  I  by 
the  same  post  received  some  farther  accounts  of  a  personal 
Nature  which  obliged  me  on  his  lately  applying  for  my  Interest 
at  the  ensuing  Election,  to  address  him  particularly  on  the  score 
of  the  Liberties  I  heard  he  had  taken,  which  in  a  letter  in 
Answer  he  denys  and  explains  his  Conduct  in  that  matter,  how- 
ever I  shall  take  the  fijrst  opportunity  to  Let  him  know  some- 
thing more  of  my  Mindj — 

As  to  the  present  Election  It  was  appointed  so  Suddenly  by 
the  Sheriff  that  it  was  impossible  to  Collect  the  Voters  of  this 
extensive  County  particularly  as  the  roads  are  so  bad  &  the 
Rivers  impassible  it  being  a  very  uncommon  Season  in  these 
parts,  besides  I  find  no  other  persons  inclined  to  set  up,  and  as 
to  my  Son  tho'  he  is  very  much  obliged  to  his  friends  for  the 
desire  they  Express  in  his  favor,  it  is  a  Station  he  by  no  means 
inclines  to.  I  imagine  that  the  new  Assembly  does  not  promise  long 
duration  for  if  they  take  the  same  affair  in  hands  I  presume  the 
Gov  will  be  obliged  to  dissolve  them  unless  these  matters  are 
settled  at  home  in  the  interim.  There  wiU  probably  be  more 
time  given  should  there  be  another  Election  soon',  &  some 
persons  may  start  up  as  Candidates  worthy  encouragem^,  but  I 
have  had  such  long  Experience  of  the  Views  and  Interests  of 
some  partys  amongst  you,  that  I  imagine  one  or  two  Members 
from  hence  however  otherwise  inclined  would  prove  of  httle 
service  as  to  any  thing  to  be  done  in  the  House,  particularly  as 
to  politicks,  in  Matters  of  Religion  indeed,  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land is  on  so  respectable  a  footing  at  New  York  that  I  hope  & 
have  reason  to  think  it  will  now  Succeed  &  that  it  will  Extend 
itself  and  flourish,  to  whidi^y  Consistent  endeavors  of  mine 
that  might  be  at  all  deemed  necessary  should  not  be  wanting.  As 
to  the  person  you  particularly  Mention  he  applied  to  me  at  his 
first  entrance  into  the  House,  &  as  I  had  nothing  then  to  urge 
against  him,  I  made  no  Stirr,  nor  had  he  any  opponents,  If  his 
Conduct  sinoe  will  Justify  me  I  shall  at  another  opportunity  do 
wliat  is  needfull,  as  I  have  the  pleasure  to  find  that  a  Conduct 
which  gives  me  inward  satisfaction  has  produced  me  an  Influence 
&  Interest  in  this  Country  of  which  it  is  not  in  their  power  to 
dcyprive  me^  and  of  whicii  I  shall  never  make  an  ill  use. 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


405 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON 

INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK  COMPLETED. 

Sir 

This  you'll  receive  by  Col.  Croghan,  who  will  at  the  same 
Time  deliver  you  one  of  the  Indian  Common  Prayers  :  Agree- 
able to  my  Promise  I  had  them  compleated  by  Christmass,  and 
they  are  now  in  the  Hands  of  the  Binders,  and  I  expect  to  have 
them  ready  to  send  up  by  the  first  Sloops  that  go  up  in  the 
Spring. 

On  Enquiry  I  found  that  no  Books  printed  in  the  Colonies, 
could  be  sent  to  Great  Britain,  but  at  a  very  great  Expence,  and 
sliall  tl^eretbre  endeavour  to  get  2  Dozen  done  here  in  Morroco, 
wliich  I  hope  to  get  compleated  to  Satisfaction.  The  Bible  and 
other  Articles,  you  wrote  for  shall  accompany  the  Common 
Prayers. 

The  Rev*  M«"  Ogilvie  says  he  must  have  at  least  half  Dozen 

of  the  Common  Prayers,  which  he  intends  for  some  of  his  Friends 

in  England.    What  must  be  done  in  this  Case  1    I  only  wait 

your  Orders,  and  am  Sir 

Your  humble  Servant 

H.  Gaine. 
New-York  Feb.  2, 1769. 


fw 


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i'  1 

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CHURCHWARDENS  OF  SCHENECTADY  TO  SIR  W^  JOHNSON. 

S^iectady  25th  Feb^y  1769. 
Sir  * 

On  Thursday  last  we  Rec^  the  inclosed  Letter,  by  which  you'll 
understand,  that  all  our  Expectations,  as  to  M"^  Murray  are  at 
an  End,  you  can't  immagine  how  the  Disappointment  affects  us, 
and  will  be  attended  with  the  Consequences  of  losing  some  part 
of  our  Congregation  by  their  Joining  the  Dissenters,  as  they 
have  provided  themselves  with  a  Gentleman  who  is  much 
admired,  And  as  we  are  at  a  Loss  how  to  proceed  farther  for  tlie 
speedy  provision  of  a  Missionary  We  meke  bold  to  Crave  your 


■*! 


406 


PAPERS    RELATING    TO 


\fi : 


Advice  how  to  act.  Last  Fall  when  M'  Brown  was  In  New 
York  The  Reyi  D'  Auchmutliy  told  him  in  Case  of  a  Disappoint- 
juent  with  M'  Murray,  that  he  doubted  not  but  that  (with  your 
Approbation)  he  could  procure  us  a  Worthy  Gentleman.  We 
have  the  pleasure  to  inform  you  that  we  Waited  on  the  Govern- 
our  when  last  here  and  Received  his  subscription  money,  as  also 
the  sum  of  je3  5«  from  Coll'  Morris.  We  are  informed  that  M» 
Mofifat  will  be  up  next  Week  to  go  on  with  the  Chiurch.  We 
are  with  the  Greatest  Respect 

Sir  Your  most  Ob*  &  Humble  Servants 

Matthew  Lyne. 
j  John  Shee. 

Thomas  Arnold. 

Jw.  Srown. 
P.  S. — ^Pray  Excuse  haste. 


[Enclosure.] 


Sir 


Reading  31  January  1769 


I  was  favoured  with  a  Joint  Letter  from  you,  Mess"  Shee, 
Brown  &  Curry  dated  2*>  Inst.  But  never  Received  the  otiier 
you  mention  of  Oct'  last,  or  woud  not  have  failed  so  far  in  Duty 
&  Respect  as  not  to  have  answered  it  immediately.  In  conse- 
quence of  some  Letters  that  passed  betwixt  Sir  William  Johnson 
&  the  Rev«i  D'  Smith  of  Philad*  I  wrote  the  Society  in  January 
last  for  leave  to  Remove  to  ^^enectady ,  &  accordingly  obtained 
their  Consent  Summer  last  MRit  hearing  nothing  in  the  Interim 
from  the  People  as  I  expected  from '  trhat  D'  Smith  wrote  S» 
William  when  I  applied  the  Society,  I  was  obliged  to  drop  all 
farther  thoughts  of  that  Mission,  &  Signified  to  the  Society  in 
September  last,  that,  as  matters  thus  stood,  they  shoud  not  post- 
pone the  Settlement  of  it  on  my  account.  And  since  then  I  liave 
entered  into  a  married  State,  which  woud  make  a  Removal  so  far 
as  to  Schenectady  very  inconvenient,  &  the  Salary  there  wou'd  be 
very  unequal  to  the  Expence  of  supporting  a  Family  :  However 
I  am  much  indebted  you  for  your  kind  Invitation,  &  sincerely 


ii   sai 


THE  SIX  ..ATIONS.  r 


407 


wish  you  may  be  soon  provided  in  a  Worthy  Missionary,  &  am 
with  ali  Gratitude  &  Esteem 

Sir  Your  most  obliged  and  very 

Affectionate  Friend  &  Serv* 
Alex*  Murray. 


PASS  TO  MESSRS  DANFORTH  &  WILLARD. 

OF   CAMBRIDGE   TO   OBSERVE   THE   TRANSIT    OF   VENUS. 

By  His  Excellency  The  Honorable  Thomas  Gage,  General  and 

Commander  in  Chief  of  all  His  Majesty's  Forces  in  North 

America,  &ca,  &ca,  &ca. 

To  the  officers  Commanding  at  Fort   Ontario^  Magara^  Fort 

Eriej  Detroit  Sf  Missilimakinak.  .  y;,^ 

Whereas,  Mess™  Danforth  and  Willard,  Professors  of  the 

Matliematicks,  are  going  to  observe  the  transit  of  Venus  in  Lako 

Superior ;  The  officers  commanding  as  abovementioned  at  a^^d 

on  the  Communication  to  Missilimakinak,  are  required  to  treat 

them  with  all  such  Convenience  as  theii  respective  Posts  will 

afford,  and  to  give  all  such  aid  and  assistance,  as  may  be 

in   their  Power  to  forward   the  abovementioned   Gentlemen, 

their  Attendance  &ca  with,  Dispatch  from  Post  to  Post  to  the 

Place  of  their  Destination :  And  should  any  of  the  Vessels  be 

out  or  not  in  readiness  to  proceed,  upon  their  arrival  at  any  of 

the  Posts,  they  are  immediately  to  be  accommodated  witli  Boats 

and  proper  Crews  to  row  them  adHb  the  Lake  where  this  shall 

happen.     ,     ,  ,,  m 

The  officer  Commanding  at  Missilimakinak,  is  further  required 
to  acquaint  the  Indians,  with  the  design  of  these  Gentlemen 
proceeding  to  Lake  Superior,  to  reconcile  tliera  to  their  Intentions 
and  to  prevent  any  Jealousy  that  might  be  conceived  by  them, 
either  from  their  Errand,  or  the  use  of  the  Instruments  they 
carry  along  with  them  :  He  is  likewise  to  Endeavor,  to  engage 
some  of  the  Indians  Inhabiting  Lake  Superior  to  attend  them, 
and  protect  them  from  any  Insults  that  may  be  offered  them,  by 


>     '.  \m''  ■■■'     *•■  '  ''' 


♦  •*' 


■••  i 


'  * 


'»■;■ 


I* 


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1  '=.1 


#1 


I  \ 


«« 


■A 


-•  '.  >•., 


4U8 


PAPCRB  HKLATINO  TO 


any  stinggllng  Imllans  they  may  meet  with  on  the  Lake  for  which 
st-rvicu  tlie  ubuve  Gentlemen  will  make  the  Indians  who  attend 
tlicm  u  reasonable  Present. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal 

at  Head  Quarters  In  New  York, 

this  17"*  Day  of  March,  1769 


By  his  Excellency's  Command 
G.  Maturin  Jr. 


[l.  8.] 
Thos.  Gage. 


*,*  Great  preparations  were  made  to  observe  the  above  Transit,  (which  was  to 
take  place  on  8d  June  1769,)  as  another  would  not  occur  until  1874!  It  was 
observed  on  this  continent,  by  Samuel  Holland,  Esq.  (Ct  Quebec;  by  T.  Wright 
at  Isle  au  Coudre J  by  Prof.  Jno.  Wlnthrop,  at  Cambridge,  Mass.;  by  Joseph 
Browb,  at  Providence,  R.  I.;  by  Rev.  Dr.  Smith,  at  Piiiladelphia;  by  Messrs. 
Diddle  and  Bailey  at  Lewiston,  Del.;  by  John  Leeds,  at  Annapolis,  Md.- by 
Messrs.  Wales  and  Dymond,  on  the  N.  W.  coast  of  Hudson's  Bay;  and  by  Abbg 
Chappfi  at  California.  Dr.  Harris  of  Cambridge  informs  me,  that  Thomas  Dah" 
FORTU,  mentioned  above,  was  probably  the  son  of  Hon.  Judge  Samuel  Danforth 
of  Cambridge,  (Saml.  was  son  of  Rev.  John,  of  Dorchester,  and  Rev.  John  was 
sou  of  Rev.  Saml.  of  Roxbury — all  distinguished  for  mathematical  attainments ) 
— groduatcd  at  Harvard  College,  1762,  was  Tutor  there  from  1765  to  1768,  settled 
08  a  lawyer  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  and  died  in  1820.  Joseph  Willarh  grndu. 
ated  at  Harvard  College,  1706,  was  Tutor  1766  to  1772,  ond  afterwards  President 
of  the  College.  Ho  died  in  1804.  It  is  not  known  whether  these  gentlemen  went 
to  Michilimakinac;  I  can  find  nothing  of  their  Journey  thither  in  print.— £o. 


^' 


tiLam 


JOHN  RAND  TO        REV.  DR.  AUCHMUTT. 

Reverend  Sir  ^^ 

Receiving  Information  that  last  Wdfc  you  being  in  Company 
with  several  Rev«>  Gentlemen  :  some  one  taking  Occasion  to 
speak  of  my  being  in  the  Province  &  of  my  Design  with  respect 
to  A  Living,  there  appeared  in  yourself  &  others,  A  willingness 
to  countenance  me  in  my  undertakings.  Verily  S'  there  are  .no 
Favours  which  I  so  gratefully  notice  as  those  of  this  Kind.  As 
to  my  leaving  the  School  at  Rye,  to  engage  in  the  same  employ 
at  Fort  Johnson,!  am  pleased  with  the  Motion, — maugre  the 
Consideration  of  Salary  in  one  Place  &  the  other  :  hopeing  that 


THE  SIX   NATION!. 


400 


mjr  Removal  thither  may  be  favorable  to  my  Design  of*  entering 
into  Holy  Orders:  for  which  office  may  I  be  better  prepared — I 
I  am  now  engaged  by  the  Rev'  M'  Avery  in  the  Service  of  the 
Society  for  propagating  the  Gosple  in  foreign  Parts— from  which 
Venerable  Society  I  uuderatand  that  you  S'  have  Instructions 
with  Respect  to  Fort  Johnson, — Now  all  things  considered  it  is 
my  Resolve  with  Respect  to  leaving  Rye  to  hearken  to  yours  & 
Mr.  Avery's  Advice  and  that  no  one  have  Occasion  to  repent 
of  favor  granted  to  me  shall  be  the  steady  purpose  of  your 
humble  servant 

John  Rand. 
Bye  April  3.  1769 

To  the  Rev*  D'.  Achmuty 

P.  S.  Rev**  Sir,  in  the  above  Letter  you  have  M'  Rand's  senti- 
ments respecting  Sir  William  Johnsons  Request — Mr.  Rand  is 
complaisant  enough  to  leave  the  whole  affair  to  our  judgment 
and  will  chearfuUy  comply  with  our  Directions,  please  therefore 
to  act  your  own  Discretion  letting  me  know,  very  soon  (by  a 
Line)  your  Determination,  kind  Respects  to  M"  Auchmuty  and 
Family  conclude  me.  Rev*  Sir, 

Your  Friend  and  Brother 

£pHM  Avery.* 


,'  *  • 

'•I 


!  I 


,      ( 


REV.  HARRY  MUNRO  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Honourable  Sir,  ^^ 

Being  just  now  ^fcrned  from  New  York,  I 

beg  Leave  to  send  you  inclosed  a  Letter  from  Doctor  Auchmuty. 

1  Rev.  Ephraih  Avert,  of  Pomfret,  Conn.,  obtained  the  degree  of  A.  B.  from 
Tale  College,  and  in  1767  received  that  of  Master  of  Arts  from  the  King's  Col- 
lege, New  York.  His  mother,  it  is  said,  was  Deborah  Avery,  afterwards  wife  of 
John  Gardiner,  of  Gardiner's  Island,  and  subsequently  married  to  Major  Gen. 
Putnam.  Mr.  Avery  succeeded  Mr.  Punderson  as  minister  of  itye  in  1765,  and 
continued  in  charge  of  that  church  until  the  Revolution,  when  he  l)ocan;e  so 
obnoxious  to  the  wliigs  that  his  horses  wore  seized,  his  cattle  driven  off  nnd  his 
property  plundered.  lie  died  .'i  Novoraber  1776.  (loneral  Putnnm's  wifo  dioil 
in  1777,  at  Head  quarters  in  the  iliffliliinds,  and  w.is  interred  in  Beverly  Kobin- 
son's  iumily  vault, — Bolton. 


•'9i. 

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410 


PAPERS   RELATING    TO 


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1 1  .^^^ .  • 


a 


t  I  am  sorry  that  my  unexpected  Journey  did  put  it  out  of  my 
Power  to  wait  on  the  Indians  at  Easter,  as  I  intended,  but  my 
Business  was  so  urgent,  that  I  am  persuaded  you  will  readily 
excuse  me.  I  shall  be  much  obliged  to  you  Sir,  if  you  will  ac- 
quaint the  Indians,  that  I  am  now  ready  to  wait  on  them  •  on 
Trinity  Sunday,  being  the  Twenty  first  of  May.  If  that  Day 
will  not  Suit,  I  will  wait  Upon  them  on  the  Seventh  of  May 
being  the  Sunday  next  before  Whitsunday.  You  will  please 
inform  me  by  first  opportunity,  what  time  will  be  most  Agree- 
alile  to  you,  &  I  will  endeavour  to  come  up  accordingly ;  but 
w  liitsuiiday  you  know,  is  a  particular  festival  on  which  I  must 
administer  the  Sacrement  to  my  Congregation  at  Albany,  very 
little  News  at  New  York  ;  The  Packet  was  not  arrived.  M' 
C'ruger  is  chosen  Speaker  in  the  Assembly,  to  the  no  Small 
mortification  of  a  certain  Party,  who  have  lost  Ground  not  only 
in  New  York,  but  in  Philad*  likewise  have  lately  received  a 
mortal  wound. 

Doctor  Chandler  has  received  several  Letters  from  the  Bishons 
&  otlier  dignified  Clergy,  approving  of  his  appeal ;  He  desires 
me  to  present  his  best  Respects  to  Siil  William  Johnson.  He  is 
now  publishing  a  Vindication  of  the  appeal,  and  is  to  Send  Sir 
William  a  Copy. 

Please  to  accept  my  best  Respects,  and  am  with  great  Regard 

Honourable  Sir, 

Your  most  Obedient  Servant 

..  ^.,  Harry  Munro. 

Albany  121"  April?  /^    '"       . 

1769.  ] 

P.  S.     My  best  Regardaflf  you  please,  to  Sir  John,  CoP  John 

son,  Col'  Claus,  M»".  Grace,  k  W  Dailey.    adieu. 


Tlie  Rev.  Harry  Afunro  was  born  in  1729.  He  waa  the  son  of  Dr.  Robert 
Munro  of  Dingwall  whose  father  was  Alexander  Munro,  Laird  of  Killichoan, 
in  Rosshirc  grandson  of  Sir  Robert  Munro  3d  baronet,  and  24th  baron  of  Fowlis 
in  Inverness.  His  niotlier  was  Ann  Munro  of  Fcanourd  a  distant  cousin  of  her 
husband.  Bfc'ng  the  second  son  of  the  Laird  of  Killichoan  his  father  was  bred 
a  surgeon  and  in  tliat  cajiacity  joined  Lord  Loudon's  army  in  1745,  and  died  the 
next  year  from  injuries  received  in  that  campaign,  leaving  two  sons,  Harry  and 
Alexandet  Munro.  Harry  was  then  a  lad  of  Ifi,  k  shortly  after  his  father's  death 
entered  the  University  of  St  Andrews.    After  taking  the  usual  degrees  of 


•    THE   SIX   NATIONS. 


411 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir 

Your  favour  of  the  14th  Instant  is  now  before  me.  I  am 
very  sorry  the  Common  Prayer  Books  could  not  have  been  sent 
sooner.  Tlie  Fault  was  not  mine,  but  the  Bookbinders,  out  of 
whose  Hands  I  could  not  get  them  before  the  Middle  of  March, 
anij  tiien  only  283,  which  I  sent  you  the  first  Instant,  with  all 
the  other  Articles  you  wrote  for  that  could  be  obtained  in  this 

Bachelor,  &'  Master  of  Arts,  he  studied  Divinity  in  Edinburgh.  In  1757  he 
was  admitted  to  orders  in  the  Kirk  of  Scotland,  k  appointed  Chaplain  to  the  77th 
Regiment  of  foot  commanded  by,Col.  Montgomery  ;  he  accompanied  that  regi- 
ment  to  America  in  1769,  and  served  with  it  to  the  close  of  the  French  war. 
On  the  return  of  Peace  he  resided  mostly  at  Princeton,  New  Jersej\  A  change 
now  came  over  his  theological  views,  and  he  embraced  episcopacy.  He  was  ac- 
cordingly recommended  for  orders  by  a  Convention  of  the  clergy  of  that  denomi- 
nation which  met  at  Perth  Amboy  on  20th  Sept  1764,  and  he  sailed  for  England 
in  the  course  of  the  month  of  December  following.  He  returned  to  America  the 
next  Spring  with  an  appointment  from  the  Soc  :  for  prop  :  the  Gospel  to  St 
John's  Church,  Yonkers,  of  which  he  was  the  first  Pastor — He  was  connected 
two  years  with  this  church,  and  was  appointed  in  1767,  Minister  of  St.  Peter's 
Albany,  of  which  church  he  took  charge  on  the  26  March  17G8.  In  1773,  King's 
Coll :  Sew  York  conferred  the  degree  of  A.M.  on  him.  In  the  summer  of  1775, 
he  resigned  the  rectorship  of  St  Peter's  on  the  alleged  ground  of  ill  health,  and 
moved  to  Hebron  in  Washington  County  where  he  owned  a  considerable  tract  of 
land.  Like  many  other  of  the  clergy  of  the  church,  he  was  considered  at  the 
commencement  of  the  Kevolution  an  enemy  to  the  liberties  of  America.  He  ap- 
plied personally  in  Atignst  1776  to  the  Albany  Committee  for  a  Pass  to  go  to 
Kew  Jersey  or  Pennsylvania,  but  this  was  refused  ;  he  obtained  permission 
the  following  year,  to  remove  to  Canada  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  returned  to 
Scotland,  became  Rector  of  a  church  at  Edinburgh,  where  he  died  in  the  year 
1801,  aged  71  years.  He  is  buried  in  the  WmH  Church  yard  of  St  Cuthberts 
church  of  that  city. 

The  Revd.  Mr.  Munro  was  married  three  times.  His  first  wife  was  the  widow 
of  an  officer  of  his  own  regiment.  She  died  in  child  bed  within  a  year  after  their 
marriage,  leaving  one  child  named  Elizabeth,  afterwards  Mrs.  Fisher,  who  died 
lately  in  Montreal.  In  1762,  the  revd  Mr.  M.  married  Miss  Stockton  of  Princeton 
N.  .1.  grand  aunt,  it  ia  supposed,  of  Com.  Stockton,  U.  S.  Senate.  This  lady 
(lied  in  the  autumn  of  1764,  leaving  an  infant  who  survived  its  motfier  but  a  few 
weeks.  On  his  removal  to  Yonkers  in  1765,  he  married  his  third  wife  Eve, 
eldest  daughter  of  Ch.  Just.  Jay.  This  lady  died  in  1810,  leaving  one  son, 
Peter  Jay  Munro,  a  distinguishod  member  of  the  bar,  and  one  of  the  framcrs  of 
the  Constitution  of  this  State  of  1822.  Peter  J.  M.  died  22.  Sept  1833,  aged  G6 
vears.    Letter  of  E.F.  De  Lancey,  Esq. 


•:.«,    .K- 


'         ■'^» 


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Ba 


412 


PAPERS  B£LATIM6  TCT 


fffv     f 


frl>»'-^ 


,  City.  The  Prayer  Books  that  are  to  be  bound  in  Morroco,  must 
be  delayed  for  some  Time,  as  I  must  send  to  Boston  for  the 
Leatherj  and  when  compleated  shall  be  sent  with  the  account 
of  the  whole. 

The  Laws  of  last  Session  were  sent  you  by  Post,  as  soon  as 
finished,  but  I  suppose  have  been  lost  by  some  Means  or  other 
in  Albany:  I  by  this  Opportunity  send  you  another  Set,  which 
I  liope  will  go  safe  to  Hand,  as  also  the  Votes  to  the  18th  Instant 
since  wliich  none  have  been  printed,  and  shall  continue  the 
latter  regularly  by  every  Post. 

Bayles  General  Dictionary  is  not  to  be  had  in  this  I*lace,  but 
sliall  send  to  London  for  them  as  soon  as  we  are  permitted  to 
,  import  any  Goods  from  that  Part  of  the  World.    And  am,  Sir 
in  the  mean  Time 

Your  Obliged  humble  Servant 

,  H.  Gaine. 

New-York     7  ■**.*^^^^  -t'''- 

April  22,  1769  5 


t    ?>; 


*^'>^ 


JAMES  ADAIR  ESQ.  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 


Great  Sire 

Tho'  I'm  just  on  y*  point  of  returning  southwardly,  by  y«way 
of  Philadelphia  ;  yet  my  gratitude  &  intense  aflfection  incite  me 
to  send  you  these  lines  in  return  for  y  kindness  to  me  at  y 
hospitable  Hall ;  And  for  y  kindly*  patronage  of  my  weak  & 
honest  productions,  on  y*'Origin  of  y«  Indian  Americans.  All 
ranks  of  y*  learned,  here,  have  subscribed  to  their  being  pub- 
llsh'd  in  London,  a  half  year,  hence ;  And  y*  two  volumes, 
Octavo,  wh  they  consist  of,  I  do  myself  y«  particular  honour, 
from  an  innate  generous  principle,  to  dedicate  to  you  &  Sir  Henry 
Moore ;  For  tho'  he  has  not  seen  y«  manuscripts,  yet,  on  y«  strong 
recommendations  of  y  Learned,  he  has  patronised  me,  both 
li«'re,  and  in  y«  Islands,  and  every  where  else,  that  his  good 
nature  &  philosophic  temper  cou'd  think  of.  My  great  Hybcrniau 
Mecscnas  as  yo've  approved  of  my  Indian  performance,  from  y' 


f 


THB  SIX  SfATIONS. 

own  knowledge  and  accurate  observations,  I'm  fully  perswaded, 
that,  upon  my  soUicitation,  you'll  take  some  convenient  oppor- 
tunity to  recommend  me  to  ye  notice  of  Lord  Hillsborough,  y 
friends  in  Ireland,  &c.  For,  You  know,  I  came  from  y*  South- 
ward, on  purpose  to  apply  to  y'  friendly  mediation,  of  which 
General  Gage  lias  taken  no  notice,  on  account,  as  I'm  informed 
by  the  Clergy,  of  certain  (supposed)  Stuart's  principles.  Opposi- 
tion makes  honest  men,  only,  tlie  more  intent :  and  ther's  a 
certain  time  for  every  thing ;  As  y*  two  letters  I  did  myself  ye 
pleasme  to  write  to  you,  from  y"  place,  sujficiently  indicate, 
according  to  my  opinion. 

Please  to  excuse  y»  hurry'd-off  scroll  and  to  give  my  sincere 
&  lasting  respects  to  y  hon^ie  extensive  family,  one  by  one ; 
and  to  accept  the  same,  from. 

Great  Sire  yf  obliged,  &  very 

devcted  H^ie  Serv* 

James  Aoaib. 
N.  York  April  30th  ann  1769. 


t»iil'^:v 


I'i    ii'l 


ai 


JAMES  ADAIR  ESQ*  TO  SIR  W^  JOHNSON. 


Sire, 

About  a  month  ago,  I  did  myself  y«  pleasure  of  writing  to 
you,  both  in  complyance  to  y'  kindly  request,  and  my  own  ardent 
inclination.  And,  now,  I  re-assume  it,  returning  you  my  most 
hearty  thanks,  for  your  civilities  and  favours  of  each  kind. 

In  a  great  measure,  I  ascribe  to  you  my  Maecenas,  that  y®  Rev** 
Messf"  Inglis  and  Ogilvie,y*  Professors  of  y®  College,  and  a  good 
many  of  ye  Learned,  here,  including,  in  a  very  particular  man- 
ner, the  good-liumourd,  the  sensible,  the  gay,  ye  witty,  &  polite. 
Sir  Henry  Moore,  have  taken  me  into  their  patronage  j  Tho'  I'm 
sorry  to  say,  that  Gen'''  Gage  paid  :o  little  regard  to  y'  friendly 
lettei  in  my  behalf,  as  not  to  order  his  Aid  de  Camp  to  introduce 
me  when  I  called  to  wait  of  him.  Indeed  he  subscribed  for  two 
Setts  of  my  Indian  Essays  and  History  :  And  so  do  several  other 
Gen'  on  account  of  their  reputed  merit ;  for  y*  Learned  applaud 


,  •  .V'  r 


%> 


414 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


'■'h  * 


ye  performance.  In  short,  Sir,  I  look  down,  with  a  philosophic 
eye,  on  that,  or  any  such,  neglect  as  a  most  imaginary  trifle  • 
Especially,  if  wliat  I  said  to  a  curious  &  inquisitive  Son  of 
Caledonia,  concerning  y*  well-known  mismanagement,  &  jU 
situation,  of  our  Indian  affairs,  westwardly,  should  have  occa- 
sioned it ;  For  truth  will  prevail,  when  painted  with  its  genuine 
honest  colours. 

In  ye  historical  part,  I  shall  put  myself  under  y  most  friendly 
patronage,  and  y»  of  Sir  Henry  Moore,  and  do  myself  y«  particular 
favour  of  writing  to  each  of  you,  from  y®  southward,  before  I 
sett  off  to  England,  next  summer.  As  His  Excelly  has  not  only 
induced  ye  Hon^ie  members  of  His  Majestys  Council  to  give  a 
sanction  to  my  performance,  and  engaged  to  perswade  ye  Comons 
House  of  Assembly  to  follow  their  Copy ;  But,  likewise  to  con- 
tinue to  take  in  subscriptions,  till  y®  Books  are  published,  and 
remit  me  a  Bill,  on  ye  agent,  at  London,  as  soon  as  he  has  heard,  by 
y^  public  accounts,  of  their  being  in  the  Press  ;  I'm  hopeful], 
you'll  be  pleased  to  excuse  my  freedom  of  infolding,  in  this,  a 
New- York  printed  Proposal ;  and  that  y'  patriotic  temper  will 
incite  You  to  shew  it  to  such  Lovers  of  letters,  as  frecjuent  your 
Hall,  in  order  to  gain,  at  least,  nominal  subscriptions,  and  give 
a  sanction  to  tlie  treatise  in  Europe  ;  Likewise,  y*  when  I  do 
myself  y*  honour  of  writing  to  you,  again,  you'll  be  so  kind  as 
to  remit  me  their  names,  at  London,  according  to  request. 

I've  room  to  be  pretty  certain,  that  four  of  y  learned  friends, 
here  ;  viz,  the  Rev**  Doctor  Acmody,  the  Rev*'  Doctor  Cooper, 
and  ye  Rev**  Mess"  Inglis  &  Ogilvie,  A.  M.  will,  thro'  a  true 
benevolence  of  heart,  recommend  me  to  the  notice  of  yc  President 
of  ye  Society  for  propogating  ye  Gospel,  in  order  to  obtain  a 
missionary  for  our  old  friendly  Chickosahs  ;  and  likewise,  their 
patronage  in  y«  publication  of  my  Indian  work.  When  you  re 
writing  to  my  Lord  Hillsborough,  should  y  own  public  spirit 
induce  you  to  recommend  me  to  his  patronage,  it  would  prove  a 
great  advance  towards  obtaining  satisfaction  for  what  y « Governm' 
is  indebted  me.  That,  &  ye  like,  I  leave  to  y  own  kindness  of 
heart,  whicli  always  leaiis  and  directs  you,  in  support  of  a 
generous  cause. 

Please  to  give  my  most  hearty  respects  to  y  cheerful  and  most 


J^Hk. 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


415 


!f 


promising  favourite  son,  Sir  John,  to  ye  gay,  y*  kindly,  &  ye 

witty  Col'  Johnson,  to  his  discreet  &  most  aro'able  Lady,  &  their 

pretty  little  Sheelah  Grah,  who  is  y«  lovely  and  lively  picture  of 

them  both ;  To  all  yours.    One  by  one ;  To  CoP  Class  &  his 

Lady ;  To  y*  Gen^  with  you,  &»  ;  and  to  accept  y«  same,  from, 

Great  Sir 

Y'  very  otliged  &  most  H'>i«  Serv* 

James  Adair 
(Endorsed)    M""  James  Adairs  letter  supposed 

to  be  wrote  in  April  or  March  • 

reed  isth  of  April  1769. 

Ans«i  May  10th  1769. 


SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO  JAMES  ADAIR.  '  ' 


« 


\  '■ 


'v:*>Miill 


Johnson  hall  May  10»i»  1769. 


Sir, 

I  have  received  two  of  your  Letters  since  your  departure,  a 
third  w*Hich  you  speak  of,  never  came  to  hands,  but  from  the 
others  I  find  with  pleasure  that  you  have  met  with  the  Counte- 
nance &  patronage  of  the  Gentlemen  you  mention  &  I  sincerely 
wish  they  may  prove  of  Service  to  you,  tho'  I  am  concerned  that 
you  met  with  any  neglect  from  the  quarter  you  speak  of  how- 
ever I  am  hopefuU  that  the  protection  you  have  hitherto  found 
will  prove  a  good  introduction  to  your  Curious  performance,  & 
tliat  its  publication  will  tend  to  your  reputation  &  Interest,  to 
which  I  shall  gladly  Contribute  as  far  as  in  me  Lyes.  I  am 
obliged  to  you  for  your  Intentions  respecting  the  Dedication, 
which  I  should  chuse  to  decline  but  that  I  would  not  disappoint 
your  good  intentions,  tho'  I  would  clieck  the  flo wings  of  a 
friendly  pen  wliich  unrestrained  might  go  farther  than  is  consist- 
ent with  my  inclinations. 

I  return  you  your  printed  proposals,  Subscribed  to  by  myself 
&  iiamily  with  Two  or  Three  others,  which  are  as  many  as  I  have 
hitherto  had  an  opportunity  of  Laying  them  before,  &  the,time 
you  spent  in  these  parts  has  enabled  you  I  presume  to  know 


•^  4, 


'  'I 

(I 


I  >l 


416 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


m 


mma 


At 


■  iJ 

,'  'i 


enough  of  its  Inhabitants  not  to  be  Surprised  that  a  Work  of 
that  Nature  sho'*  meet  with  such  Small  encouragement.  Sir 
John.  Col.  Johnson  &c  thank  you  kindly  for  the  manner  in  which 
you  have  remembered  them  heartily  wishing  you  success,  &  be 
assured  that  I  shall  be  glad  to  serve  you  in  your  undertaking  as 
well  as  to  hear  of  your  prosperity  being  Sir, 

Your  real  Well  Wisher  &  very  humble  Servt 
M'.  James  Adair. 


»■ . .  J  ^ ,  ■ 


LIST  OF  SCHOLARS  AT  THE  FREE  SCHOOL,  JOHNSTOWN. 


Richard  Young 
Peter  Young 
Hendrick  Young 
Richard  Cotter 
Hendrick  Rynnion 
James  Mordon 
Daniel  Cammel 
Samuel  Davis 
Reneir  Vansiclan 
Jacob  Veder 
Randel  M'Donald 
John  Foilyard 
Peter  Rynnion 
Peter  Potman 
Jacob  Doran 
David  Doran 
Jeromy  Doran 
Adam  M'Donnald 
Abraham  Boice 
Caleb  MCarty 
Hendrick  Collinger 
Jacob  Servos 
John  Servo? 


John  Miller 

James  MGregar 

Geoj^e  Binder 

Christian  Rider 

Bernard  Rider 

Simeon  Scouten 

Francis  Bradthau        •  ^ 

John  Everot 

Sarah  Connor  '  ' 

Leny  Rynnion         ■   •  .       ' 

Betsey  Garlick 

Baby  Garlick  '      '   ■ 

Rebeeca  Vansiclan       * '     • ' 

Caty  Cammel  i     w* 

Caty  Garlick         \^  *' ^    ^  ^^ 

Mary  M'Inty re         -  *       - .  - 

Peggy  Potman        -  \ '  '%  " 

Eve  Waldroif  ''^ '     '  ' 

Caty  Waldroflr  J'^  -  :  - 

Leny  Waldroff  '  '-» 

Margaret  Servos 

Catharine  Servos 

Males  &  Females — 45. 


'T   i>\'>hii.:: 


'■l^^q   :H'-tii{,M'\>'i-i^-  '-h' 


'JA 


H 


■  •  .tf-  /J;  V,- 


THE  SIX  NATIONS.^ 

MOHAWK  SCHOOL  AT  FORT  HUNTER. 


417 


Began  to  Open  School  April  y«  17th  1769. 
Aug'  28»»»  1769    A  List  of  Tiie  Indians  ChUdren  belonging  to 
the  Free  School  at  Fort  Hunter  near  the  Mohawk 
River  in  the  County  of  Albany  and  Province  of 
New  York  with  their  Tribes. 
Beab  Tbibe  David,  David,  Abraham,  John,  Jacob,  Peter,  Joseph, 
Adam,  Brant,  Kreenas,  Johannes,  Peter,  Nellithe 
Nellithe  (Females)  ....   15 
Wolf  Tbibe  Thomas,  Paul,  Jacob,  John,  Daniel,  Catharine,Susan- 

na,  Catharine.  (Females)    8 
Turtle  Tbibe  Isaac,  Joseph,  Daniel,  Jacob,  Thomas  Christianna, 
Catharine.  (Females)...     7 


.i;ii>.;f^i.j 


Total. 


30 


P'  Me  Colin  Mc[Leland]  Schoolmaster.  ? 

S'.  According  to  your  Direction   I  have  sent  your 
Honour  this  List. 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  Sm  WM.  JOHNSON. 


Sir  "'" 

At  last  I  have  been  able  to  send  you  the  Remainder  of  the 
Common  Prayer.  I  am  sorry  they  have  been  delayed  so  long,  but 
I  assure  you  it  was  not  in  my  Power  to  send  them  sooner,  the 
Delay  being  occasioned  by  the  want  of  Morroca  Leather 

Inclosed  you  have  your  own  Account,  as  also  the  whole 
Expence  of  the  Common  Prayers,  binding,  Paper,  &c.  which  I 
hope  you'll  think  reasonable.  Had  it  been  English,  the  Printing 
Work  could  not  have  been  done  cheaper.  I  have  not  chained 
you  with  the  News-Paper,  as  I  am  at  a  loss  to  know  when  you 
began,  but  I  imagine  'tis  not  less  than  10  years  This,  Perhaps 

you  can  remember  yourself,  as  the  same  is  quite  unknown  to 

Sir  hr..-Hs%i 

Your  humble  Servant 
New-York  i  -.  ■  H.  Gaine.  \ 

August  31, 1769.  <  ,     , !;.  -   ,  ,.   . 

Vol.  IV.  27 


''■:-*►■ 


'  i 


1 


418 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


// 


JAMES  ADAIR  ESQ.  TO  SIR  W^  JOHNSON. 


t' 


Hon»»>e  Sire 

As  y'  kindly  temper  and  public  spirit  invited  nie  to  write  to 
you,  (exactly  after  y«  manner  Sir  Henry  Mooro  did,  with  regjud 
to  myself)  in  what  manner  you  could  be  of  any  service  to  njo 
at  London,  I  make  free  to  inform  you,  that,  next  April,  I  setoH' 
from  tliis  metropolis  of  Georgia-Colony,  to  Lon<lon,  in  order  to 
get  my  Indian  Productions  published,  tliere,  under  y'  auspicious 
patronage  ;  And,  as  you  lirnily  believ'd,  according  to  my  creed 
that  general  Licences  are  utterly  destructive  to  y«  Indian  trade 
and  our  barrier  settlements  and  Colonies,  by  allowing  such 
prodgious  nfibers  of  worthless  trading  Pedlars,  as  run  give 
security  for  conlbrming  to  y«  rules  of  trade,  both  to  overstock  it 
corrupt  ye  Indians  by  trusting  them  twice  more  than  they  can 
pay  :  then  perpexing  them  for  y«  effect  of  their  own  indiscretion 
and  beti-aying  ye  Secrets  of  Government,  &,«'  &o  Ym  hopeful 
you'll  recommend,  in  concert  with  Govern'  Wright  &  Lieu' 
Govern""  Bull,  to  y®  Lords  of  trade,  if  it  lyes  in  their  sphere  of 
action,  a  total  abrogation  of  that  most  pernicious  custom  of 
granting  Licences ;  Without  which,  'tis  y«  universal  opinion  of 
all  us,  who  have  gain'd  sufficient  skill  in  Indian  affairs,  that 
when  the  Creeks  have  made  peace  with  y«  Chocktah  nation, 
they'll  fall  on  our  valuable  weak  Colony  of  Georgia,  as  they 
despise  us  like  tame  helpless  dung-hill  fowls,  and,  in  their  usual 
set  speeches,  and  bacchanal  days,  term  us  so,  by  having  been 
passively  allowed,  for  these  nine  years  past,  to  shed  under  y 
^eatest  security,  a  torrent  of  y*  innocent  crying  blood  of  valuable 
british  Subjects,  to  ye  shame  and  discredit  of  every  tie  of  social 
union.  =< 

If,  along  with  y*  former,  y'  own  kindly  temper  &  love  of  y^ 
public  good  should  incite  you  to  write  any  thing,  in  my  belialf, 
to  my  Lord  Hillsborough  ory®  Lords  of  trade  and  remit  it  tome 
directed  either  to  y®  care  of  James  Parsons  Esq'  Attorney  at 
Law,  in  Charlestown  ;  or  to  that  of  Mess"  Tellfair,  merch"  or 
M'  Johnson,  Printer,  in  Savannah,  I  shou'd  readily  receive  it: 
And  it  wou'd  be  of  great  service  to  me  ;  For  your  interest  is 
Tery  great,  in  London. 


f 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


410 


I'm  hopeful,  Sir,  that  botli  you  and  every  one  of  yr  extensive 
&  very  respectable  Family  are  well :  and  may  the  divine  bounti- 
ful goodness,  always,  preserve  ye,  so.  Be  so  kind  as  to  present 
to  each  of  tliem,  one  by  one,  my  continual  sincere  well- wishes, 
and  very  humble  respects  j  and  to  accept  of  y  same  from. 
Hon'*'"  Sir, 

Tour  much  obliged 

&  very  obed*  H^i*  Serv* 

James  Adair. 
Savannah  9»"  15th  An  :  1769. 


n 


• . 


GEORGE  CROGHAN  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

'  New  York  Nov«>'  16  :  1769 

Dear  Sir 

the  Bearer  M'  William  Andrews'  is  a  young  Gentleman  bread 

up  to  the  Church  well  Recommended  w**  you  will  find  by  M' 

Achmuty'  Leters  and  is  a  Relation  of  M'  Campble'  in  Schonec- 

tady  M'  Achmuty  is  of  opinion  that  albany  &  Schonectady  should 

be  butt  one  Living  att  that  M''.  Monrow  should  have  it  and  this 

Gentleman  he  preposed  for  y^,  Town  &  the  Mohocks  I  have  been 

pressed  on  by  Several  Gentlemen  hear  to  Write  y'  honour  with 

this  Gentleman  and  hope  you  will  Excuse  the  Liberty  I  take  in 

Do  itt,  for  tho  I  Love  y«  church  very  well  I  know  I  ought  Nott 

1  Revd  Wu  Amdbxws  was  a  native  of  Ireland.  He  returned  home  in  1770, 
when  he  was  ordained  by  the  Bishop  of  London  and  appointed  Missionary  at 
Schenectady,  in  which  place  some  of  his  relatives,  it  seems,  already  resided. 
Having  married,  in  the  meantime,  he  entered  on  his  charge  immediately  after 
receiving  orders,  to  the  satisfaction  of  his  congregation.  He  opened  a  grammar 
school  in  the  fall  of  1771,  but  the  labors  attendant  on  this,  with  ill  health  k 
•ther  causes  mentioned  in  his  letter  (post)  of  16  Aug.  1778,  obliged  hhn  to 
relinquish  this  mission  and  sail  to  Virginia.    Ed. 

2  Daniel  Campbell  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  married  a  Miss  Schxbuebhobv, 
acquired  great  wealth  in  Schenectady  as  a  Merchant,  portion  of  which  he  left  to 
a  nephew,  a  Dr.  Campbell  of  London  who  resided  in  this  country  several  years 
and  then  returned  to  England.  Daniel  D.  Schermerhorn,  one  of  the  Members 
of  the  late  Constitutional  Convention,  having  become  heir  to  Mr.  C.  has  since 
aanmed  that  name. 


;{i 


420 


PAPERS   RiXATIMO  TO 


to  Medle  with  Church  Maters  I  think  he  is  a  Modest  Young  Man 
,  &  one  wi>  you  May  bring  up  To  answer  the  Discrlption  of  Such 
a  Won  as  you  formerly  Chose  only  lie  has  No  Wil'e  But  that  want 
your  honour  No  Doubt  Soon  Suply  him  with  of  the  fruitfull 
Loanes  of  your  Estate. 

I  have  seen  the  Gineral  Several  Times  Since  I  came  to  Town 
he  has  No  Late  News  of  any  Disturbence  to  y*  Westward  butt 
Says  itts  Expected  that  some  broyles  will  hapen  in  yo  Spring  he 
Dose  Nott  See  he  Says  any  Service  My  going  this  Time  of  the 
yeer  as  ye  Indians  are  all  out  a  hunting  But  thinks  I  should  send 
Some  belts  to  Lett  them  know  that  I  will  be  up  in  y«  Spring  he 
Says  y*  provinces  will  Neaver  Do  any  thing  that  was  Expected 
&  that  Everything  Must  Return  in  its  proper  Chanel  this 
Winter  under  y'  honors  Direction  or  things  will  Neaver  Do  Right 
he  Tould  me  yesterday  that  I  must  Stay  here  Till  Next  Week  as 
he  was  busey  this  when  he  wold  have  a  Long  Conversation  with 
Me,  he  Recomended  to  Me  to  Memorial  the  King  a  bout  my 
Grants  &  one  of  his  family  Tould  me  he  wold  Recomend  it  if  I 
asked  him  after  I  have  hard  what  the  General  has  to  say  to  Me 
I  will  write  y  honer  More  fUlly. 

the  Ship  Dutchess  of  Gorden  is  aRived  things  in  England  in  the 

Greatest  Confuson  Nothing  But  peticions  from  all  y«  Counteys 

prepairing  to  prevent  y^  King  Backing  the  Midlesex  &  Livery 

of  London  one  M'  Musgroves  Leter  Just  as  y«  paice  was  Made 

Makes  a  great  Noise  this  is  y*  Leter  w*»  L— d  Egermont  Shott 

himself  about  there  is  Now  a  Suplement  printing  to  yesterday 

paper  w*"  the  Berer  will  Take  up  to  you  w""  will  Contain  y« 

Leter  &  all  y«  News  this  vesel  has  brought  y  packet  is  Nott  yet 

aRived  butt  hourly  expected. 

'**'^'       Plese  to  present  my  Complem**  to  all  the  Gentlemen 

with  you  &  blive  me  with  the  greatest  Respect  your 

Honors  Most  obedient  &  hum>>i«  Servant 

•<t:?  Geo  :  Croghan. 

To  the  Honb>e  « 

Sir  William  Johnson  Bar* 

•«•  Geo.  Crogban  late  of  Passynnk,  Pa.  made  his  will  on  the  12th  Jnne  1782. 
His  daughter  Susannah,  married  Lt.  Augnstine  Prevost.  He  does  not  seem  to 
have  left  any  male  heirs.  His  will  is  recorded  in  the  oflace  of  the  Clerk  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals  Albany,  N.  Y.    Ed.  .?rr,, ,,,,...  vTt'*< 


THE  SIX    NATIONS. 


421 


SECY  BANYAR  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

New  York  18  November  1769. 
Dear  Sir  William 

The  Bearer  M'  William  Andrews  is  a  young  Gentleman  from 
Ireland,  who  has  thoughts  of  taking  orders  for  the  Ministry.  He 
is  in  hopes  of  being  called  for  the  Church  of  Schenectady,  and 
carrys  recommendatory  Letters  from  Doctor  Auchmuty  and 
Colonel  Crogham.  I  understand  his  character  is  unexceptiona- 
ble and  his  Education  liberal.  If  you  can  be  of  any  service  to 
him  you  will  oblige  me  in  giving  him  Countenance,  and  your 
Civilitice  I  shall  acknowledge  with  Gratitude  I  am  indebted  to 
you  for  a  Letter;  but  it  shall  not  be  long  eer  I  discharge  it. 
Lam  D'Sir  Wm 

J  youraffectionate  and  obedient  Servant 

GwBantar. 


■♦,-.»■: 


, 


.      1       ' 

■    ■    •  ,  t 
I 


MR.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON.    '  ^''''f' 

Sir,  'Ui  .VfJiii 

I  have  just  receiv'd  intelligence  of  a  Vessell  at  York  bound 
for  Ireland,  and  is  expected  to  sail  very  shortly.  On  this 
Account,  and  because  my  Continuance  here  entirely  depends 
upon  your  recommending  me  to  the  Society's  service;  I  shou'd 
sincerely  thank  you  to  send  me  the  recommendatory  letter,  as 
soon  as  convenient. 

I  have  been  seriously  considering  of  the  most  effectual  means, 
of  procuring  proper  Persons  to  supply  the  vacant  Missions  in 
this  Province,  and  can,  upon  mature  Consideration,  think  of  no 
better  judged  Expedient,  tljan  to  invite  some  of  the  sober,  and 
aged  Graduates  of  Trinity-College,  Dublin  to  undertake  the 
sacred  OflSce.  I  doubt  not,  but  the  Proposal  wou'd  Ipe  pleasing 
to  the  People,  and  the  Offer  agreeable  to  the  Gentlemen. 

My  Reasons  for  advancing  this  Circumstance,  I  must  humbly 
b^  leave  to  mention 


[I 


482 


PAI'F.RB   HiXATlNG   TO 


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i  '  \'i 


f^  \ 


t'A    ■  *   * 


A  late  Abstract  of  the  Society,  informs  us  of  the  Want  ot 
Clergy  even  in  several  parts  of  England,  occasion'd  probably  by 
the  Students  diverting  their  Education  to  more  profitable  Pur- 
suits. And  the  Candidates  for  holy  Orders,  educated  on  this 
side  the  Atlantic,  are  by  no  means  enabled  to  perform  the  Ser- 
vice of  the  Church,  and  discharge  their  Duty  with  so  nuicli 
Satisfaction  to  their  Congregation,  as  these  persons  I  have  been 
speaking  of,  wlio  have  regularly  obtained  their  Degrees  by 
Merit,  alter  a  proper  Course  of  Study.  Tho'  I  do  not  urge  this 
Circumstance,  thro'  any  disrespect  or  by  way  of  Retort,  against 
the  Americans,  I  only  mention  it  on  account  of  tlieir  being  de- 
prived of  the  Opportunity  of  receiving  so  good  and  solid  an 
Education. 

Ireland  does  not  labour  under  the  same  disadvantage,  as  Eng- 
land, with  respect  to  Clergy;  For,  we  frequently  hear  of  num- 
bers, soliciting  for  a  Curacy,  a  poor  Provision  indeed.  Besides 
let  me  add,  that  the  American  Candidates  are  subject  to  the 
Danger  and  Expense  of  doubly  traversing  a  large  Ocean,  and 
incumbred  with  Charges,  which  they  are  scarce  enabled  to  bear 
before  they  can  obtain  their  desire. 

Now,  if  this  Plan  shou'd  be  found  agreeable  to  the  Society,  1 
believe  I  cou'd  prevail  upon  some  of  those  Gentlemen  to  come 
over,  and  settle  in  these  Vacancies,  whose  Characters  and  Qiial 
ifications  cou'd  be  properly  ascertained. 

Remitting  your  recommendatory  letters,  thro'  Doctor  Auch 
muty  at  York,  wou'd  be  esteem'd  as  an  Obligation  conierr'd  ol 
him,  who  is  with  Respect  and  Gratitude, 

Sir,  Your  most  obedient, 

and  humble  Servant, 
.  Wm  Andrews. 

i   Schenectady,  10*  Decb'  1769. 

Since  my  sitting  down  to  write  this,  I  have  found  an  imme- 
diate Conveyance  to  York,  &  have  therefore  embraced  the  Oppor- 
tunity of  setting  off  to  Morrow  for  Albany.  Your  letter  then 
will  reach  me  by  means  of  D'  Auchmuty. 

Sir  William  Jolinson  Hart.  '     -  j 


''"*-•  1  '•  . 


,      THE  BIX   NATION!. 


423 


1 

1 

^ 

.   « 


MR.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

New  York,  2b'>'    lu'y  1770. 

I  have  Just  time  to  acknowlfflge  youi'  fnvor,  with  u  Draft 
Inclos'd  on  M'  Mortier,  from  whom  f  have  recciv'd  Fifty  one 
pounds  Currency;  For  whicli  I  return  you  sincere  thanki  and 
shall  when  able  repay  you. 

Accompanying  this  I  send  you  a  letter  from  my  good  Friend 
M'  Barton,  who  recommends  me  to  you,  &  points  out  in  my  letter 
an  Indian  Mission — I  intended  alter  my  Keturn  here  to  have 
rectiiv'd  instruction  in  their  Language  with  the  intention  of 
delivering  Discourses  amongst  them,  whenever  leisure  shou'd 
permit  from  the  Duty  at  Schenectady — 

To  morrow  I  shall  proceed  on  my  way  to  London  by  Irelana 
n  order  to  have  my  age  properly  ascertain'd  &  with  the  View 
of  soUiciting  my  Brother,  (a  Clergyman)  to  accompany  jne  to 
London  &  probably  I  may  prevail  on  him  to  come  over  with 
me— Believe  me  to  be  with  the  greatest  sincerity. 
Sir,  y  much  oblig'd  and  humble  serv* 

Wm.  Aia)REws. 

Sir  W"»  Johnson— 


.rw., 


I,-. 


.  \l 


REVD.  DR.  AUCHMUTY  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON.  ' 

New  York  May  the  llt»>  1770. 

Worthy  Sir 

Your  two  last  favors  of  the  W^  &  26^''  of  April  came  safe 
to  my  hands,  and  shall  be  perticularly  answered  by  the  next 
good  opportunity.  The  reason  of  my  troubling  you  at  present 
is,  at  the  request  of  a  worthy  Brother  the  Bearer  of  this,  Mr. 
Forbes,  who  is  rambling  about  to  satisfy  his  curiosity.  He  in- 
tends to  pay  his  respects  to  you  considering  his  good  character, 
and  agreeable  behaviour  I  venture  to  recommend  him  to  your 
notice  ;  you  will,  as  lie  is  a  Gentleman  and  scholar  be  greatly 
pleased  with  him .    He  is  now  waiting  ibr  this,  therefore  shall  only 


ll.  SI 


'?> 


424 


PAPERS    RELATING    TO 


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add,  that  I  hope  you  will  pardon  this  freedom,  I  have  taken,  and 
be  assured  that  I  have  tlie  honor  to  be 

Worthy  Sir  Your  much  obliged  ob*  serv* 
To  Sir  William  Johnson.  Samuel  Auchmuty. 

P.  S.  Your  Letter  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Society  was  immedi- 
ately sent  to  M' Stuart,"  as  you  desired. 


.       .         THE  SAME  TO  THE  SAME. 

New  York  May  the  20''"  1770. 
Sir        I  most  sincerely  thank  you  for  your  judicious  observa- 
tions in  your  last  Letter.     Infidelity  most  certainly  is  the  foun- 
tain from  whence  we  are  overwhelmed  with  misfortunes  and 
almosi  brought  to  ruin.     Our  great  men,  instead  of  being  care- 
ful pilots,  and  anxious  for  the  safety  of  the  Nation,  are  inveloped 
in  false  politic's — rack  their  invention,  &  exert  their  utmost 
abilities  to  aggrandize  themselves,  and  their  Families,  and  suffer 
for  want  of  true  principles,  their  Sovereign  and  their  Country  to 
be  tossed  to  and   fro  with  every   wind  of  popular  discontent 
witliout  guiding  the  Helm  with  prudence,  caution  and  Resolu- 
iion.     The  Lords  T(  mporal  are  wholly  engrosssed  in  a  system 
of  Politic,  which  must  end  if  persevered  in,  in  the  ruin  of 
themselves,  and  tlieir  Country  ;  and  the  Lords  Spiritual  wliile 
they   can  unmolested  enjoy  their  opulence,  &  weight  in  tlie 
Government,  pay  too  little  attention  to  the  distresses  and  injustice 
that  the  members  of  tlie  best  church  in  the  world  labor  under, 
in  America.     The  True  principles  of  a  gootl  Church  man,  are, 
a  true  regard  to  the  Laws  of  liis  God,  and  a  zealous  attachment 
to  liis  lawful  Sovereign.     The  opposers  of  a  monarchical  Govern- 
ment  (too  many  of  which  our  Nation  are  cursed  with)  are  a 
direct  contrast,  which  every   man's  experience,  if  he  lias  ten 
grains  of  sense  or  five  of  honesty,  must  convince  him  of.    Tliese 
men  are  ever  assuming  a  power,  have  once  had  it — made  a 
diabolical  use  of  it,  &  yet  have  the  audaciousness — the  wickedness^ 
to  attempt  usurp  it  again,  under  the  best  of  princes.    The  Clergy 
are  much  indebted  to  you,  worthy  Sir,  for  your  strong  attach- 
ment to  the  present  happy  Establishment  in  Church  and  State ; 
and  for  your  animated  T^etters  to  the  Minstry  seting  forth  the 
1  For  a  biographical  slietch  of  this  gentleman,  see  the  end  of  this  series.— Ed. 


TUB  SIX   NATI0N6. 


425 


necessity  of  an  American  Episcopate,  and  a  proper  notice  and 
regard  for  the  American  Churches ;  which,  at  present,  are  left 
destitute  of  Countenance  and  support;  subject  to  the  vile 
Ravages  of  Goths  and  Vandals— or  what  is  worse — invetetate 
malice  from  those  that  dai-e  to  stile  themselves  Christians.  May 
God  reform  them.  I  forgive  them,  but  forget  them,  I  hope  I 
never  shall — I  am  ordered  in  the  Name  of  our  Convention, 
which  met  at  my  house,  the  last  week  to  thank  you  for  the 
many  good  services  you  have  honored  us  with  ;  and  to  assure 
you  that  we  should  esteem  it  as  a  most  providential  Event,  if 
your  power  to  serve  us,  was  adequate  to  your  inclination — 
happy  should  we  be  was  this  the  Case.  I  tlierefore  Sir,  as 
president  of  the  Convention  pro  tempore  return  you  our  most 
sincere  and  grateful  Thanks,  for  the  exertion  of  your  Interest, 
in  favor  of  the  Church  of  England  in  America ;  and  for  the 
many  favors  we  have  received  from  you,  as  clergymen.  We 
have  still  to  beg,  that  the  discouragements  you  have  met  with, 
may  not  slacken  your  generous  Ardor  ;  or  provoke  you  to  cease 
your  application  at  Home  in  our  favor — i  e.  for  the  preservation 
of  the  present  happy  establishment  in  Church  and  State,  which 
ought  to  be  as  firmly  settled  here,  as  in  Great  Britain,  we  most 
ardently  wish  you  every  Temporal  and  Spiritual  Blessings ;  & 
beg  leave  to  assure  you  that  w«  retain  a  grateful  sense  of  the 
honor  you  have  done  us,  in  becoming  our  Friend  &  Patron. 

This  will  be  delivered  to  you,  by  my  worthy  Brothers,  Cooper 
&  Inghs.  The  latter  travels  for  Health,  the  former  because  he 
has  too  much.    I  almost  envy  them  their  happiness. 

I  have  received  a  Letter  from  M'  Stuart,  who  is  now  I  imagine 
plouging  the  Ocean.  He  got  your  Letter  a  lew  days  after  it 
came  to  my  hands. 

I  have  not  had  any  late  Letters  from  the  Secretary  of  the 
Society.  I  wish  that  good  Body  would  adopt  the  Salutary 
advice  you  have  given  them  ;  which  would  enable  them  to  be 
further  useful. 

I  hope  you  will  pardon  this  long  Epistle ;  and,  be  assured 
that  I  am,  worthy  Sir,  with  great  sencerity  &  truth 

Your  much  obliged  &  most  ob*  Serv' 
Sir  William  Johnson.  '      *  Samuel  Auchmuty. 


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PAt>£HS   RELATING  TO 


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s" 


,, ,     SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  DR.  AUCHMUTY. 

, .  '  >    li,         Johnson  hall  May  27'»>  1770. 
Sir, 

I  tlinrik  yon  most  kindly  for  your  Letter  of  the  20t>'  by  onr 
Friends  D""  Cooper  &  M""  Inglis  whom  I  very  higlily  Esteem  &  in 
whose  Society  1  liave  sp^nt  many  agreable  hours  during  which 
we  have  Conversed  mucli  on  the  alfairs  of  tlie  Churcli,  Tlieir 
Speedy  return  prevents  me  from  Saying  much  to  you  by 
this  opportunity.  I  cannot  liowever  avoid  agreeing  with  you 
in  tlie  truth  of  your  Remarks  on  the  present  unhappy  state  of 
at!jiirs,  whicli  greatly  contribute  to  check  the  growtli  &  prevent 
the  Success  of  the  National  Church,  I  hope  the  Government  will 
at  last  discover  the  Importance  of  giving  it  all  possible  Counten- 
ance, ^c  that  wlienever  party  shall  so  far  Subside  as  to  enable 
tliein  (o  act  witliout  the  apprehension  of  giving  otfence  to  others 
its  Enemies,  tliat  tliey  will  aflford  it  the  required  support. 

I  most  kindly  thank  the  Convention  for  the  favorable  senti 
ments  tliey  entertained  of  my  endeavors  in  the  Cause  of  oui 
Religion,  and  I  assure  you  &  them,  that  I  shall  omit  noopportu 
nity  for  demonstrating  the  sincerity  of  my  attachm*  thereto,  by 
jiromoting  its  Interest  as  far  as  my  little  Interest  &  abilities  shaL 
Enable  me,  at  the  same  time  wishing  that  we  may  spedily  hear 
more  agreable  news  from  England  &  Assuring  you  that  I  am 
always  witli  great  Truth  Sir  &c 

D""  Auchmuty  ^ 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  MR.  INGLIS. 

Johnson  hall  Nov'     1770. 
Dear  Sir. 

I  was  lately  a<ji*eably  favored  with  your  Letter  of  the  25"' 
ult"  accompanied  with  your  pretty  present  for  your  Godson  the 
Tndian  Roy,  w  iiich  with  yimr  Letter  to  his  father  was  receivcfi 
with  Extraortlinary  marks  of  Gratitude  and  Thanks,  so  thati' 


.'^i' 


-•^^^^Pff^ 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


427 


ffould  be  hard  to  say  which  were  best  pleased,  The  Boy  with 
his  finery  or  the  parents  with  that  Tolcen  of  your  remembrance 
&  the  Letter  whicii  they  tliiuk  greatly  of,  The  Father  was 
greatly  distressed  how  to  Express  his  thanks  to  you  but  at  last 
urote  the  Letter  wch  I  now  enclose,  and  after  Lamenting  that  it 
was  not  in  his  power  to  make  you  a  return  suitable  to  his  Incli- 
nHtions  he  begged  that  I  might  send  you  a  Leathern  Lap  Decorated 
&  which  he  gave  me  for  that  purpose  adding  that  as  he  had  worn 
it  often  in  the  field,  when  in  Arms  against  our  Enerays,  it  might 
8tiil  be  considered  as  an  emblem  of  his  attacliment. 

I  sincerely  wish  that  the  Indians  desires  as  Expressed  at  the 
late  Congress  joyned  to  ray  Strong  recommendations  may  awaken 
the  attention  of  Government  to  affairs  of  Religion,  which  under 
such  auspices  would  soon  flourish  and  Expand.  The  Informa- 
tion you  gave  me  concerning,  the  appropriating  the  Quit  rents 
to  these  uses,  is  I  apprehend  a  matter  that  may  rather  be  wislied 
for,  than  Expected,  as  the  Quit  rents  are  greatly  encreased  by 
so  many  late  Grants,  and  altho'  they  are  but  very  irregularly 
must  far  Exceed  the  Sum  you  Mention,  however  if  you 


could  procure  the  ann'  amount  of  them,  and  let  me  know  it,  I 
sliall  consider  it  farther,  and  see  Whether  there  may  not  be 
some  prospect  of  Success  from  such  an  application. 

As  to  the  Nova  Scotia  Mission,  when  I  consider,  the  Small 
number  of  the  Indians,  and  their  present  dependant  state  there, 
together  with  its  being  made  in  consequence  of  their  threats,  I 
can  hardly  think  that  the  Government  will  disregard  the 
entreaties  of  a  people  whose  power  and  Capacity  so  far  exceeds 
tliose  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  whose  friendship  &  alliance  is  so  much 
more  interesting  to  us.  >  , 

It  must  have  been  thro'  hurry  that  I  neglected  giving  you  in 
my  former  Letter,  the  Numbers  of  the  other  Indians  wliicn  I  am 
well  acquainted  with.  The  Onondagas  can  muster  about  200 
fighting  Men,  The  Cayugas  about  260,  Tlie  Senecas,  including 
those  of  this  about  1000.  but  tliere  are  besides,  many  of  every 
Nation  Settled  with  other  Tribes  at  and  about  the  Suquelianna 
&ca  which  if  added  to  their  respective  Nations  would  encrease 
the  number,  and  the  Tuscaroras,  alone  since  the  last  body  ot  them 
eame  from  the  Southward  to  Joyu  the  rest  may  now  [make]  abt 


I! 


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PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


near  250.  so  that  the  Whole  of  the  Six  Nations  without  including 
any  others  will  Amount  to  2000  fighting  Men,  by  which  the 
Number  of  souls  may  be  calculated  in  the  usual  manner. 

I  am  sensible  that  Example  will  go  farther  than  precept  in  the 
Introducing  Arts  or  Mechanics  amongst  them  The  advantage  of 
which  they  will  daily  grow  more  sensible  of.  D'  Wheelock  has 
been  so  sanguine  in  these  matters  that  he  has  made  no  advances 
worth  mentioning  in  that  way  whatever  may  be  reported,  as  to 
Sraitlis  they  are  so  necessary  to  them  that  they  would  readily 
admit  them  and  indeed  they  were  formerly  allowed  them  in  their 
villages  at  the  Expense  of  the.  Government,  &  perhaps  Carpen- 
ters might  also  be  agreable  for  if  these  Mechanics  were  well 
inspected  &  Confined  solely  to  their  Trades,  (which  is  a  very 
difficult  matter  to  effect)  some  of  the  Indians  would  doubtles  be 
allured  in  a  little  time  to  apply  themselves  to  Arts  so  usefull  to 
themselves,  &  their  proficiency  in  one  or  Two  Arts,  beyond 
which  we  should  not  go  in  the  beginning  would  prepare  them  to 
receive  others  which  at  present  are  not  necessary  to  their  manner 
of  Living — Tlio'  farming  would  be  a  most  necessary  acquire- 
ment, and  which  I  believe  they  may  be  brought  to  in  Time. 
Yet  I  fear  it  cannot  be  attempted,  such  Arts  as  are  necessary  to 
their  present  mode  of  Life  will  not  alarm  them,  but  any  that 
will  tend  to  introduce  a  Change  therein,  must  be  deferred  for  a 
time,  as  there  is  nothing  which  they  so  much  dread  as  the 
alienation  of  theirpeoples  minds  from  those  pursuits  &  Exercises 
by  which  alone  they  apprehend  that  their  Liberties  are  preserved. 

I  thank  you  for  the  political  hints  you  gave  me,  and  presume 
that  by  this  time  theDisposition  of  our  Governor  is  better  kuown, 
being  inclined  to  think  that  he  will  not  iall  into  the  hands  of  any 
designing  party.  >  ^    'f    t  i^  ',  '  t>    ...  •  /;  i 

Before  Closing  my  Letter  M""  Stuart  arrived  &  delivered  mo 
your  favor  ol'  the  23''  ult°.  I  had  seen  him  before  he  went  for 
Orders,  and  believe  him  to  be  a  discreet,  sensible  man,  The 
Mohocks  being  now  almost  all  abroad  on  their  Winter  hunt,  He 
cannot  enter  upon  his  Mission  with  Effect  for  some  little  time 
he  is  to  be  Introduced  to  those  that  are  at  home  immediately 
and  I  si  mil  direct  him  in  the  means  of  beginning  to  acquire  tlieii 
Language,  without  delay  as  it  is  so  Essential  to  his  Success,  of 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


429 


which  I  have  not  the  Least  doubt  if  Conducted  properly  to 
ffhich  end  my  advice  and  endeavors  shall  be  always  Chearfully 
bestowed.  I  have  a  few  Lines  by  him  from  D'  Burton  wherein 
is  mentioned  the  Societys  approbation  of  and  allow^ance  to  M» 
Hall,  to  be  fixed  at  Conojoharee  until  he  has  taken  Orders.  The 
design  is  good,  and  I  wish  he  was  now  there  to  enter  upon  it — I 
have  built  a  handsome  Church  there  at  my  own  Expence'  Tho' 
I  had  been  promised  the  assistance  of  others  but  the  times  did 
not  admit  of  it,  and  as  that  village  is  equal  in  zeal  &  attachment 
to  the  Mohocks  and  is  30  miles  farther  up  the  Country,  M'  Halls 
establishment  &  success  there  will  contribute  greatly  to  enlarge 
the  design  of  the  plan,  and  to  point  out  its  benefits  to  the  pubhc, 
which  so  soon  as  these  persons  are  properly  Seated  and  have 
acquired  a  share  of  the  Language  and  Confidence  of  the  Indians, 
may  be  so  far  Extended  as  to  comprehend  all  that  can  be  wished 
for,  to  form  one  vast  &  Generous  design. 

It  is  extremely  probable  that  a  War  with  Spain  is  not  very 
distant,  and  indeed  I  believe  it  is  Covetted  by  many  people  but 
Spain  will  have  powerfuU  alliances,  and  without  great  Care 
France,  may  give  us  fresh  trouble  in  America,  particularly  thro' 
the  Influence  they  still  retain  over  so  many  Indian  Nations.  I 
am  much  obliged  to  the  worthy  D'  Johnson  for  his  kind  remem- 
brance and  sincerely  wish  him  all  happiness.  My  Son,  who 
desires  his  Complements  to  you  purposes  to  visit  N  York  soon 
Col :  Johnson  also  desires  to  be  kindly  remembered,  and  be 
assured  that  I  am  always  with  perfect  regard 

Dear  Sir  &c. 
The  Revd  M'.  Cha*  Inglis. 

1  An  account  of  monies  expended  by  JohnDanl.  Muller  in  bnilding  a  Church 
at  Canajohary,  for  the  use  of  the  Indians  by  the  direction  of  the  Honble  Sir 
William  Johnson.    £459.111.  .      ,•' 


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430 


PAPERS   RELATING   TO 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  ARTHUR  LEE  ESQ.,  M.  D.  F.  R.  s.» 

ON   THE  CUSTOMS,   MANNERS   AND   LANGUAGES   OF  THE   INDIANS. 

Johnson  hall  Feby  28*h  1771^ 

I  should  be  wanting  in  duty  to  the  public  if  I  withheld  from 
a  Gentleman  of  D""  Lee's  Character  any  information  I  am  capable  of 
affording  on  the  subject  of  y'  Letter  wch  thro'  my  Absence  from 
home  havg  been  some  time  in  the  Ind.  Country  &  since  entirely 
occupied  witli  aifaire  of  a  public  nature,  it  was  not  in  my  power 
to  ans""  till  now.  -  ^  ■  '  .  ,.;    j,., 

I  am  only  apprehensive  that  any  account  in  my  power 
respecting  such  enquirys  amongst  the  unlettered  Indians  will 
prove  inadequate  to  the  Expectations  formed  in  your  Letter,  not- 
withstanding my  long  residence  in  this  country,  ["  ot  more  than 
thirty  eight  years,"]  the  Nature  of  my  office  and  the  most  diligent 
enquirys  into  these  curious  particulars,  I  find  all  researches  of 
that  sort  for  reasons  which  I  shall  give  presently  involved  in 
such  difficulty s  &  uncei-tainty  as  to  afford  but  slender  satisfac- 
tion. At  least  far  short  of  my  inclination  to  gratify  your  desire 
thereon — however  I  shall  endeavor  to  make  some  attonement 
by  giving  you  some  acc^  of  these  difficulties  together  with  sucli 

1  Akthbr  Lee  was  born  in  Virginia  on  the  20th  Dec.  1740.  He  was  sent  at  au 
early  age  to  Eton,  and  afterwards  to  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  where  heob- 
tained  his  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine  in  17(54.  He  returned  to  his  native 
country  where  lie  practised  his  profession  for  a  short  period,  but  soon  went 
to  London  and  entered  the  Temple  with  a  view  of  being  called  to  the  bar. 
Here  he  became  tlie  associate  or  correspondent  of  the  principal  literary  and 
scientific  men  of  the  day,  and  was  elected  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society.  Pre. 
s'ious  to  the  Revolution,  he  acted  as  agent  in  England  for  the  Provinces  of  Massa- 
chusetts and  Virginia,  and  in  that  capacity  acquitted  himself  as  a  zealous  and 
sound  friend  of  American  liberty.  In  1776,  he  was  appointed,  conjointly  with 
Dr.  Franklin  and  Silas  Dcane,  Commissioners  to  France  on  the  part  of  the  United 
States,  and  assisted  in  negotiating  the  Treaty  between  these  countries.  Here- 
turned  to  America  in  1780  and  in  1784  was  appointed  ona  of  the  Co-  mlssioners 
to  treat  with  the  Six  A'ations.  He  executed  this  trust  at  Fort  i.-'iiiyier,  (now 
Rome,  Oneida  Co.)  with  much  credit.  He  died,  unmarried,  Dec.  12,  1792, 
aged  nearly  52  years.  He  was  a  distinguished  scholar,  and  a  statesman,  rigid  in 
principle  and  unsullied  in  integrity.  His  life  by  R.  H.  Lee,  was  published  in  2 
vols.  8vo.  in  1829.— Ed. 


THE   SIX   NATIONS. 


431 


other  hints  as  from  the  motives  of  enquiry  suggested  in  your 
Letter  may  I  flatter  myself  prove  of  some  little  use,  or  amuse- 
men  to  you. 

It  will  be  unnecessary  to  Inlarge  on  the  want  of  Laws, 
Government,  Letters  or  such  other  pai-ticulars  as  are  to  be  found 
in  most  authors  who  have  treated  of  tlie  N.  Amer"  Indians. 
These  are  general  observations  as  generally  known  To  shew 
wherein  they  are  defective  and  to  acco'  for,  by  setts  forth  the 
present  state  of  the  sev'  Indian  Nations  is  a  subject  of  greater 
importance  it  will  lead  to  other  matters  more  Interesting. 

I  must  therefore  observe  that  the  customs  and  manners  of  the 
Indians  are  in  sev^  cases  liable  to  changes,  which  have  not  been 
thoroughly,  considered  by  authors  and  therefore  the  description 
of  them  (as  is  usual)  at  any  one  particular  period  must  be 
Insiilficient,  and  I  must  furtlii"  premise  that  I  mean  to  confine 
my  observations  to  those  of  Northern  Nations  with  whom  I  have 
the  most  acquaintance  and  intercourse.  -i    i   (  j    ;  .  '    >, '  ' 

In  all  inquiries  of  this  sort,  we  should  Distinguish  between 
the  more  remote  Tribes  &  those  Ind^^  who  from  their  having 
been  next  to  our  settlem^^  for  sev^  years,  &  relying  solely  on  oral 
Tradition  for  the  support  of  their  Ancient  usages,  have  lost 
great  part  of  tliem,  &  have  blended  some  with  Customs  amongst 
ourselves,  so  as  to  render  it  Extremely  difficult,  if  not  impossi- 
ble to  Trace  their  Customs  to  their  origin  or  to  discover  their 
Explication.  Again,  Those  Indians  who  are  a  degree  farther 
removed  havs  still  a  good  deal  of  Intercourse  with  our  Traders 
ind  havff  altered  their  system  of  P61i ticks,  tho'  they  still  retain 
many  Ancient  Customs,  they  are  much  at  a  Loss  to  account  for 
them,  whilst  those  who  are  far  removed  from  any  intercourse 
with  the  whites  (a  few  Traders  excepted)  are  still  in  possess^ 
of  the  greatest  part  of  their  primitive  usages  tho'  they  cannot 
give  a  satisfactory  ace*  of  their  original  signification,  and  have  so 
blended  the  whole  with  fable,  as  to  render  it  matter  of  great 
difficulty  to  Separate  the  Truth  from  it,  add  to  this  that  above 
a  Century  ago  they  had  French  Jesuits  amongst  them,  who  partly 
for  Religious  purposes,  but  chiefly  to  serve  particular  ends  in 
tlie  Wars  they  often  fomented,  introduced  some  of  their  own 


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432 


PAPERS   HELATINO   TO 


inventions  which  the  present  generation  confound  with  their 
ancient  Ceremonies.  % 

So  far  as  tlic  remarks  are  Confined  to  the  Confederacy  of  the 
6  Nat",  tlie  Mohocks,  who  have  long  lived  within  our  settlemi' 
come  under  the  first  predicament,  tho'  greatly  reduced  in  num- 
ber tliey  are  still  the  acknowledged  Head  of  that  Alliance,  but 
in  their  present  State  they  have  less  Intercourse  with  the  Ind^  & 
more  w">  us  than  formerly  besides  wch  they  are  at  present 
members  of  the  Chh.  of  England,  most  of  them  read  &  sev' 
Write  very  well,  When  therefore  they  subscribe  an  ordinary 
Deed,  they  frequently  make  use  of  a  Cross,  after  the  Example 
of  the  Illiterate  amongst  us  &  sometimes  with  their  names ;  but 
in  things  of  much  Consequence  they  usually  delineate  a  Steel 
such  as  is  used  to  strike  fire  out  of  Flint,  which  being  the 
symbol  of  their  Nation,  This  Steel  they  call  Canniah — &  them- 
selves Canniungaes,  but  from  hence,  little  c^m  be  deduced,  as 
they  had  not  tlie  use  of  any  insti'ument  in  that  form  before  their 
Commerce  with  the  Whites. 

The  Tuscaroras  I  omit  as  they  are  a  south"  peeple  not  long 
introduced  into  the  Alliance  making  the  6  nat". 

The  Oneidas  who  inhabit  the  Country  a  little  beyond  the 
settlements,  are  in  the  next  Class  for  altho',some  efibrts  have  been 
made  to  Civilize  and  Christianize  them,  a  great  pai't  are  still  in 
the  primitive  way,  but  being  also  reduced  in  numbers  &  their 
political  system  much  changed,  their  Intercourse  with  the  more 
remote  Indians  is  lessened,  and  their  knowledge  of  ancient 
usages  decayed.  They  have  in  use  [asj  Symbols,  a  Tree,  by 
which  they  w*  Express  Stability.  But  their  true  Symbol  is  a 
Stone  called  Onoya,  and  they  call  themselves  Onoyuts  a  particu- 
lar Inst^e  of  well  I  can  give  from  an  Expedt*  I  went  on  to  Lake 
St.  Sacrament  in  1746,  when  to  shew  the  Enemy  the  strength  of 
our  Ind"  Alliances  I  desired  Eacli  Nation  to  affix  their  Symbol 
to  a  Tree  [to  alarm]  the  French  :  the  Oneydas  put  up  a  stone 
wch  they  painted  Red. 

The  Onondagas  whose  residence  are  40.  miles  fartlier  are 
somewhat  better  versed  in  the  Customs  of  their  ancestors,  tliey 
call  themselves  people  of  the  Great  Mountain. 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


433 


The  Cayugaa  who  are  about  the  same  distance  beyond  them, 
liave  for  their  Symbol  a  pipe. 

The  Senecas  are  the  most  numerous  &  most  distant  of  the  six 
Nat'  have  sevi  Towns  &  Symbols  from  wclik  however  little  can 
be  understood,  and  leaving  this  Confederacy  we  shall  find  tliat 
the  Nations  to  the  North  West  tho  they  have  their  Symbols, 
they  are  not  able  to  Explain  to  any  degree  of  Satisfaction,  for  as 
they  scatter  more  in  quest  of  a  livelyhood  they  have  not  the  same 
opportunitys  or  inclination  to  Cultivate  &  Explain  oral  Tradi- 
tion. To  the  South  West  the  Indians  are  better  versed  in  those 
matters  but  this  is  a  field  too  large  for  w*  I  now  propose,  tho'  by 
other  opportunitys  I  shall  most  willingly  assist  your  Enquiries 
therein. 

[With,respect  to  your  questions  concerning  the  chief  magi«- 
trate,  or  sachem,  and  how  he  acquires  his  authority,  &c.  I  am 
to  acquaint  you,  that  there  is  in  every  nation,  a  sachem,  or  chief, 
who  appears  to  have  some  authority  over  the  rest,  and  it  is 
greatest  among  the  most  distant  nations.  But  in  most  of  those 
bordering  on  our  settlements,  his  authority  is  scarcely  discerni- 
ble, he  seldom  assuming  any  power  before  his  people.  And 
indeed  this  humility  is  judged  tlie  best  policy;  for  wanting  coer- 
cive power,  their  commands  would  perhaps  occasion  assassina- 
tion, which  sometimes  happens.  The  sachems  of  each  tribe  are 
usually  chosen  in  a  public  assembly  of  the  chiefs  and  warriors, 
whenever  a  vacancy  happens  by  death  or  otherwise;  they  are 
generally  chosen  for  their  sense  and  bravery,  from  among  the 
oldest  warriors,  and  approved  of  by  all  the  tribe;  on  which  they 
are  saluted  sachems.  There  are  however  several  exceptions; 
for  some  families  have  a  kind  of  inheritance  in  the  office,  and 
are  called  to  this  station  in  their  infancy. 

The  chief  sachem,  by  some  called  the  king,  is  so,  either  by 
inheritance,  or  by  a  kind  of  tacit  consent,  the  consequence  of 
his  superior  abilities  and  influence.  The  duration  of  his  author- 
ity depends  much  on  his  own  wisdom,  the  number  and  conse- 
quence of  his  relations,  and  the  strength  of  his  particular  tribe. 
But  even  in  those  cases  where  it  descends,  should  the  successor 
appear  unequal  to  the  task,  some  other  sachem  is  sure  to  possess 
himself  of  the  power  and  the  duties  of  th«  offioe.    I  should 

Vol.  IV  28 


*» 


11 


wimitmmmm 


(ft 


434 


PAPERS  RKLATINO  TO 


have  observed,  that  military  services  are  the  chief  recommenda- 
tions to  this  rank.  And  it  appears  pretty  clearly,  tiiat  hereto- 
fore the  chief  of  a  nation  had,  in  some  small  degree,  the  autlior- 
ity  of  a  sovereign.  .This  is  now  the  fact  among  the  most  remote 
Indians.  But  as,  since  the  introduction  of  Are  arms,  they  no 
longer  fight  in  close  bodies,  but  every  man  is  liis  own  general 
I  am  inclined  to  tliink  this  has  contributed  to  lessen  the  power 
of  a  chief  This  chief  of  a  whole  nation  has  the  custody  of  the 
belts  of  wampum,  &c.  which  are  as  records  of  public  transac- 
tions: he  prompts  tlie  speakers  at  all  treaties,  and  proposes 
affairs  of  consequence.  The  chief  sachems  form  the  grand 
council;  and  those  of  each  tribe  often  deliberate  on  the  affairs 
of  thei  •  particular  tribes.  All  their  deliberations  are  conducted 
with  extraordinary  regularity  and  decorum.  They  nevpr  inter- 
rupt him  who  is  speaking;  nor  use  harsh  language,  wltntever 
may  be  their  thoughts.  The  cliiefs  assume  most  authot  Sty  in 
the  field,  but  this  must  be  done,  even  there,  with  great  cp,ution: 
as  a  head  warrior  thinks  himself  of  most  consequence  in  that 
place.  !ri'^iivn.  ■-.::'' 

The  Indians  believe  in,  and  are  much  afraid  of  witchcraft: 
those  suspected  of  it  are  therefore  often  punished  with  death. 
Several  nations  are  equally  severe  on  tho>.e  guilty  of  theft,  a 
crime  indeed  uncommon  among  them;  but  in  cases  of  murder, 
the  relations  are  left  to  take  what  revenge  they  please.  In 
general,  they  are  unwilling  to  inflict  capital  punishments,  as 
these  defeat  their  grand  political  object,  which  is,  to  increase 
their  numbers  by  all  possible  means.    i4«E«j«  >{'. 

On  their  haunts,  as  on  all  other  occasions,  they  are  strict 
observers  of  meum  and  tuum;  and  this  from  principle,  holding 
theft  in  contempt;  so  that  they  are  rarely  guilty  of  it,  though 
tempted  by  articles  of  much  value.  Neither  do  the  strong 
attempt  to  seize  the  prey  of  the  weak;  and  I  must  do  them  the 
justice  to  say  that,  unless  heated  by  liquor,  or  inflamed  by 
revenge,  their  ideas  of  right  and  wrong  and  their  practices  in 
consequence  of  them,  would,  if  more  known,  do  them  mucli 
honour.  It  is  true,  that  having  been  often  deceived  by  us  in 
the  purchase  of  lands,  in  trade,  and  other  transactions,  many 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


485 


of  them  begin  now  to  act  the  same  part.  But  this  reflects  most 
on  those  wlio  set  them  the  example. 

As  to  yuiu'  remark  on  their  apparent  repugnance  to  civiliza- 
tion, I  must  observe,  that  this  is  not  owii|g  to  any  viciousness 
of  their  nature,  or  want  of  capacity;  as  they  have  a  strong 
genius  for  arts,  and  uncommon  patience.  I  believe  they  are 
put  to  the  English  schools  too  late,  and  sent  back  too  soon  to 
their  people,  whose  political  maxim,  Spartan  like,  is  to  discoun- 
tenance all  pursuits  but  war,  holding  all  other  knowledge  as 
unworthy  the  dignity  of  man,  and  tending  to  enervate  and 
divert  them  from  that  warfare  on  which  they  conceive  their 
liberty  and  happiness  depend.  These  sentiments  constantly 
instilled  into  the  minds  of  youth,  and  illustrated  by  examples 
drawn  from  the  contemptible  state  of  the  domesticated  tribes, 
leave  lasting  impressions:  and  can  hardly  be  defeated  by  an 
ordinary  school  education. 

I  wish  my  present  leisure  would  allow  me  to  give  you  as  many 
specimens  of  their  lanuage  as  would  shew  that,  though  not  very 
wordy,  it  is  extremely  emphatical ;  and  their  style  adorned  with 
noble  images,  strong  metaphors,  and  equal  in  allegory  to  many 
of  the  Eastern  nations.  The  article  is  contained  in  the  noun  by 
varying  the  termination  ;  and  the  adjective  is  combined  iutoone 
word.  Thus  of  Echirij  a  man,  and  Gowanuj  great,  is  formed 
Echingowanoj  a  great  man.  Caghyunghaw  is  a  creek ;  Caghyunghcj 
a  river.  Caghyunghaowanoj  a  great  river,  Caghyungheeo^  a  fine 
river.  Haga  the  inhabitants  of  any  place,  and  tierham  the 
morning;  so,  if  they  speak  of  eastern  people,  they  say  lierhans-aga 
or  people  of  the  morning.  Eso  is  expressive  of  a  great  quantity, 
and  Esogee  is  the  superlative.  The  words  Goronta  and  Golota 
which  you  mention  are  not  of  the  Six  nations,  but  of  a  Southern 
language.  It  is  curious  to  observe,  that  they  have  various  modes 
of  speech  and  phrazes  peculiar  to  each  age  and  sex,  which  they 
strictly  observe.  For  instance,  a  man  says,  when  he  is  hungry, 
Cadagcariaxj  which  is  expressive  both  of  bis  want  and  of  the 
animal  food  he  requires  to  supply  it ;  whilst  a  child  says,  in  the 
same  circumstances,  Cautsore^  that  is,  I  require  spoon  meat.] 

There  is  so  remarkable  a  difference  in  the  Language  of  the 
Five  nations,  from  all  the  rest  as  affords  some  grounds  for 


■!  ■ 


'm^ 


.  -J 


-/-■^    ■':•'- 


436 


PAPERS   RELATINU   TO 


enquiring  into  their  distinct  Origin,  tor  the  Indians  north  cf  the 
S*  Lawrence  those  West  of  the  Great  Lakes  witli  the  few  who 
inliabit  the  Sea  Coasts  of  New  England,  &  those  again  who  live 
about  the  Oiiio  notwUhstanding  tlie  respective  distances  between 
them  Speak  a  language  Radically  the  same  &  can  In  geni  com- 
municate their  Wants  to  each  other ;  Wliilst  tlie  Nations  who 
live  in  the  midst  of  them,  are  Incapable  of  Convey*  a  Single  idea 
to  their  neighbours,  neither  can  they  pronounce  a  Word  of  their 
langa:*  with  correctness.  There  is  indeed  some  dilference  of 
Dialect  amongst  the  5  nations  themselves,  but  this  is  little  more 
than  may  be  found  in  the  Provinces  of  large  States  in  Euiojw. 

In  particular  the  letters  M  iiiul  P  which  Occurs  so  frequently 
in  the  Languages  of  tlie  rest,  cannot  be^  pronounced  by  tlie  5 
nations  without  the  utmost  difficulty,  &  are  not  in  their  language. 

But  to  proceed  to  what  I  have  betbre  proposed.  The  Indians 
taken  Collectively  did  Certainly  a  few  Centurys  ago  live  under 
some  more  Order  &  Gov'  than  they  do  at  present — this  may  seem 
odd,  but  it  is  the  Truth  for  their  Intercourse  in  gen'  being  with 
tlie  Lower  Class  of  our  Traders  they  learn  little  from  us  but 
Vices,  &  Their  long  Wars  together  with  the  Immoderate  use  of 
Spirituous  Liquors  have  so  reduced  them  as  to  render  that  ord' 
wch  was  first  instituted  unnecessary  &  impracticable.  Add  to 
this  that  since  the  reduction  of  Canada,  their  System  of  politicks 
is  changed,  Their  Eyes  are  upon  us,  whom  they  consider  as  a 
people  too  formidable,  &  much  of  their  Time  is  mucli  spent  in 
Intrigues  of  State  to  wch  other  matters  have  given  place. 

But  tho  it  does  not  appear  that  they  had  the  use  of  Letters 
yet  the  traces  of  Government  may  still  be  seen,  and  there  is 
reason  to  believe  that  they  made  use  of  Hieroglyphics  Tho 
they  Neglect  them  at  present,  forHieroglyphicks  are  understood 
to  be  figures,  intended  to  conceal  somewhat  from  the  Vulgar, 
But  theirs  are  drawn  to  the  utmost  of  their  skill  to  represent 
the  thing  intended,  for  Instance,  when  they  go  to  War,  they  paint 
some  trees  with  the  figures  of  men,  often  the  exact  number  of 
their  party,  and  if  they  go  by  Water,  they  delineate  a  Canoe, 
when  they  make  any  atchievenient,  they  mark  the  Handle  of 
their  Tomahawks  with  human  figures  to  signify  prisoners,  bodies 
without  heads  to  express  scalps.    The  figures  which  they  aflGix  to 


"»   *»    K  SIX   NATIONS. 


437 


Deeds,  have  led  some  to  imagine  that  they  liad  Characters  or  an 
Alphabet.  The  case  is  this,  every  Nation  is  divided  Into  a 
Certain  Number  of  Tribes,  of  which  some  have  3.  as  tlie  Turtle, 
Bear  &  Wolf,  to  wcli  otliers  add  the  Snalce,  Deer,  &ca,  eucli  of 
Tliese  Tribes  form  a  Little  Community  within  tlie  Nation,  and 
as  the  Nation  'as  its  peculiar  Symbol  so  each  Tribe  has  tlie 
peculiar  Badgi  from  whence  it  is  denominated,  and  a  Sachem 
of  eacli  Tribe  being  a  necessary  party  to  a  fair  Conveyance  such 
Sachim  affixes  the  Mark  of  the  Tribe  thereto,  wch  is  not  that 
of  a  particular  family  (unless  the  whole  Tribe  is  so  deemed)  but 
ratlier  as  tlie  publick  Seal  of  a  Corporation. 

As  this  Letter  is  already  of  an  Immoderate  Length,  I  shall 
only  at  present  add,  that  with  respect  to  the  Deed  of  1726,  of 
well  you  sent  me  the  Signatures,  The  Transaction  was  in  some 
measure  of  a  partial  nature,  wch  I  can  another  time  Explain.  All 
the  Nations  of  the  Confed^y  did  not  Subscribe  it,  and  those  Chiefs 
that  did  neglec'eJ  to  pay  due  regard  [to]  their  proper  Symbols, 
but  signed  agreeable  to  fancy,  of  which  I  have  seen  other 
Instances,  altho'  the  manner  I  have  mentioned  is  the  most 
authentic  and  agreeable  to  their  orig'  practise.  *..  »j     .    . 

As  to  the  intbrmation  wch  you  observe  I  formerly  Transmitted 
to  the  Gov'  of  N.  York  concerning  the  belt  &  15  Bloody  Sticks 
sent  by  the  Mississagaes,  The  like  is  very  Comon  and  the  Ind« 
use  Sticks  as  well  to  Express  the  alliance  of  Castles  as  the 
number  of  Individuals  in  a  party,  These  Sticks  are  generally  ab^  6 
Inches  in  length  &  very  slender  &  painted  Red  if  the  Subject  is 
War  but  without  any  peculiarity  as  to  Shape.  Their  belts  are 
mostly  black  Wampum,  painted  red  when  they  denote  War  they 
describe  Castles  sometimes  upon  them  as  square  figures  of  White 
Wampum,  &  in  Alliances  Human  figures  holding  a  Chain  of 
fi:iendship,each  figure  represents  a  nation, an  axe  is  also  sometimes 
described  wch  is  always  an  Emblem  of  War,  The  Taking  it  up  is  a 
Declaration  [of  war]  and  the  burying  it  a  token  of  Peace,  But  as  I 
liave  accounted  for  not  entering  into  farther  particulars  at  present, 
I  shall  conclude  w*''  assuring  you  that  if  these  loose  remarks  prove 
of  any  use  to  you,  I  sliall  readily  descend  to  any  other  matters  of 
Information  that  may  demonstrate  how  mucli  I  am  Sir  &c. 

Note. — The  portions  of  the  above  letter  included  witliin  [     ]  are  taken  fVom 


'      f    .-l 


I 


.»  !• 


tt    i         f 


SH|pf  \ 


4  \ 


438 


PAPERS    RELATING    TO 


1' 


SIU  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD.  MR.  BARTON. 

'*'  Johnson  hall  Feby  28<>>  1771. 

Dear  Sir, 

Your  kind  letter  of  last  July  would  not  have  remained  so  long 
unanswered,  had  it  not  been  mislaid  for  some  time  after  a  late 
tedious  Indisposition.  I  am  fully  persuaded  that  you  would 
have  answered  the  One  I  formerly  wrote  you,  but  we  must 
expect  that  some  letters  will  miscarry,  of  which  I  have  met  with 
many  Instances  nearer  home. 

I  am  uiiable  to  make  a  Suitable  return  for  the  Warm  Wishes 
you  Express  for  me,  but  I  feel  them  very  sensibly,  and  you  have 
every  thing  in  Answer  that  the  strongest  friendship  can  dictate, 
and  I  cannot  but  greatly  regret  your  distance  &  the  peculiarity 
of  your  situation  which  deprives  me  of  the  opportunity  of  a 
more  friendly  intercourse,  often  Wishing  that  you  could  partake 
in  the  pleasing  prospects  which  this  Comitpy  now  aflfords  from 
the  advancement  of  religion,  and  the  Improvements  in  Cultivation. 

M'  Stewart  has  been  for  some  time  at  his  mission  where  he  is 
much  Esteemed  not  onlr  by  the  Indians  but  by  the  Dutch 
Inhabitants  who  constantly  resort  to  his  Churoh  his  situation 
enables  me  to  see  him  often,  and  I  have  great  hopes  from  his 
appointment,  M'  Hall'  has  an  allowance  from  the  Sodety  and 
is  to  reside  at  Canajoharie  (where  at  my  Cost  I  liave  built  a 
handsome  Church)  until  he  is  of  age  to  take  Orders  M'  Andiewi, 
who  has  brought  over  a  Wife,  is  long  since  at  Schenectady,  he  is 
sensible,  and  will  I  believe  be  of  great  use  there  being  Connected 
With  a  principal  Inhabitant  of  that  place  his  Congregation  is  as 


the  abridged  Phllos.  Trans,  of  the  Royal  Soc:  of  London,  XII.  407-409.  They 
were  added,  we  presume,  to  the  final  Copy  sent  to  England,  as  they  are  not  in 
the  original  draught  which  we  follow  for  the  other  portions  of  the  letter.  We  have 
taken  the  liberty  to  insert  them,  with  this  explanation,  in  order  to  furnish  to  the 
reader  all  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  observations  on  this  interesting  subjcet. 

1  Gi-:.duated  at  Philudclphia  Coll.  and  was  sent  to  Canajoharie  to  learn  the 
Indian  language,  "  that  ho  may  be  qualified  to  be  Catechist  and  Schoolmaster  in 
that  place  untill  such  time  as  he  sliall  be  able  to  come  over  to  take  orders  and  be 
appointed  a  mmlon&ry ."—Abstract  for  1771  His  Salary  was  £40.  He  remain- 
ed there  oiily  u  youi . 


>* 


'    THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


43d 


yet  small  but  zealous,  &  likely  to  Increase.  The  only  mission 
in  tliis  Quarter  as  yet  uijsupplied  is  mine  at  Johns  Town,  the 
Church  at  which  being  small  &  very  ill  built  I  am  preparing 
Stone  &  materials  for  Erecting  one  much  stronger  and  larger, 
that  will  accomdate  near  1000  Souls. 

I  am  sorry  you  did  not  see  my  Letter  to  D'  Smith  I  do  assure 
you  that,  I  thought  seriously  of  your  desire  respecting  a  piece 
of  Land,  but  as  there  was  none  to  be  had  in  such  a  situation  as 
to  make  it  imediately  of  any  value,  &  as  the  Patent  fees  &  Quit 
rent  is  so  very  high  here  I  Judged  it  imprudent  to  engage  you 
in  what  must  be  Imediately  attended  with  a  good  deal  of  Ex- 
pense, and  might  lye  as  a  dead  Charge  on  ybu  for  many  Years, 
because  so  many  large  Tracts  are  Patented  which  the  owners  do 
not  know  what  to  do  with  and  which  affords  Choice  to  settlers 
at  very  low  rates.  I  hope  by  this  time  that  the  Connecticutians 
are  pretty  easy  and  that  you  are  reinstated  in  your  places  in  the 
New  Purchase,  but  whether,  or  not  I  am  in  nowise  apprehensive 
that  you  want  Philosophy  enough  to  support  Losses,  you  could 
not  give  such  a  Chearful  Description  of  your  agreable  Home- 
stead unless  you  were  superior  to  Disappointments,  I  hope  you 
will  allways  Continue  so,  but  I  am  much  more  inclined  to  Wish 
that  you  may  never  Experience  any  in  future,  for  I  can  with 
Great  Truth  affirm  that  no  one  wishes  for  your  happiness  with 
greater  Cordiallity  than  Dear  Sir 

Your  most  affect" 

&  very  humble  Servt. 

The  Rev<>  M'  Barton 

Sir  John.  Col  Johnson  &c  desire  to  be  particularly  remembered 
to  you. — I  need  not  repeat  my  desire  to  hear  from  you,  when- 
ever it  suits  with  your  Conveniency. 


-'■.VT-:: 


'>(\. 


.  ■ '-.-  '  ,- 


(  .    .;,f/    .,vf     ■■    ,1 


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hi        ' 


440 


PAPERS   RELATING   TO 


SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO  REVD  MESSRS  COOPER  &  OGILVIE 

Johuson  hall,  March  1«  1771. 
Wortliy  Sirs. 

I  have  received  your  Joynt  favor  of  the  W^  ult°.  Concerning 
tlie  Rev'  M»".  Griffith '  whom  I  perfectly  recollect  to  have  made 
me  a  visit  about  the  time  you  mention.  That  Gentleman  was  I 
tliink  tlien  accompanied  by  M'"  Brown  one  of  tlie  principal 
Friends  of  the  Cluu-cli  in  Schenectady,  and  had  some  tolerable 
oifers  made  to  him  in  Case  he  inclined  to  that  Mission  &  which 
were  fiu*  superior  to  what  may  be  expected  from  Glocester  ac- 
cording to  the  description  I  have  of  it.  however  these  offers  he 
tlien  thought  proper  to  decline,  and  indeed  seemed  to  think  them 
inadequate  to  his  views  and  expectations.  Since  which  I  have 
heard  that  he  was  appointed  to  the  Mission  which  he  has  lately 
left  Wliatever  objections,  on  account  of  his  family,  or  otherwise 
plight  have  induced  him  to  reject  Schenectady  must  Certainly 
operate  in  as  high  a  degree  against  this  place,  as  it  is  not  only 
more  retired,  but  must  in  some  degree  depend  upon  myself,!  am 
therefore  at  a  Loss  what  to  say  in  favor  of  that  Gentleman's 
present  Desire  as  well  from  the  Circumstances  I  have  mentioned, 
as  from  the  Expectation  I  have  oi  a  Missionary  for  this  place 

1  Rev.DAViDGttiFFiTH,  D.D.  went  to  England  for  orders  in  1770.  On  belngor- 
dained  ho  returned  to  this  country  with  an  appointment  as  Missionary  to  Glocester, 
N.J.  He  relinquished  this  mission  however,  soon  after,  and  moved  into  Virginia. 
In  July  1776,  he  was  appointed  Chaplain  and  Surgeon  to  the  3d.  Virg  :  Batalioii: 
he  being  a  person  of  "  uncommon  merit."  {Amer:  Arch:  5th  Ser.  i.  1688.) 
After  the  peace,  we  find  him  pastor  of  the  parish  of  Fairfax,  Va.  of  which  State 
he  was  elected  Bishop  in  1786,  but  he  was  never  consecrated.  Owing  to  his 
poverty  and  the  deranged  state  of  his  private  affairs,  he  was  unable  to  proceed  to 
England  for  consecration.  In  1789  he  resigned  the  office,  and  on  the  3d  August 
of  that  year  he  died  in  Philadelphia,  at  the  residence  of  the  Bishop  of  Penn., 
naving  come  to  that  city  as  a  delegate  to  the  Episcopal  Convention.  "  In  his 
feelings  and  conduct"  {say$  Dr.  Hawks,)  "he  was  thoroughly  American j  he 
tliought  the  Colonies  wronged  by  the  Mother  Country,  and  throughout  the 
struggle  for  Independence,  he  advocated  their  cause.  He  had  deliberately  cast  in 
his  lot  with  the  great  mnjority  of  his  countrymen,  and  in  the  alternations  of  stonn 
«nd  of  sunshine,  througli  wliii;h  tliey  jiiispu'd  in  thnacliicvcmcnt  of  tlidrlibirfics, 
he  was  ever  found  true  to  his  principles.  Wlien  he  died  the  churcli  lost  a  useful 
Mid  a  worthy  man."    Ed. 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


441 


in  consequence  of  a  former  Letter  from  D"*  Burton  who  promised 
to  have  enquiry  made  (in  case  none  Could  be  had  from  England) 
for  some  person  of  Zeal  &  Piety  who  has  received  a  Collegiate 
Education  at  Dublin. 

I  have  pleasure  to  acquaint  you  that  Mess'*  Steward  and 
Andrews,  are  much  esteemed,  and  \^11 1  persuade  myself  greatly 
promote  Religion  in  these  parts,  and  when  aided  by  the  appoint- 
ments of  Disinterested,  and  Indefatigable  Men  for  this  Mission 
&  Conajoharee  will  much  advance  Christianity  in  Gen^  and  the 
Church  of  England  in  particular. 

I  am,  with  true  esteem 

Gentlemen  &c 
Mess"  Cooper  &  Ogilvie. 

p.  S.  The  g/eat  regard  which  I  shall  always  pay  to  your 
Judgment  &  recommendation  obliges  me  to  observe  that  I  drew 
my  observations  from  what  passed  with  respect  to  the  Schenec- 
tady Mission,  In  which  I  may  have  been  mistaken,  for  I  have  no 
objection  to  M'  Grifl&ths  Character  or  abilities,  neither  can  1 
have  any  when  supported  by  authority  that  have  so  much  weight 

•U?#t!^ff  ~*M^ ; ;•'"■!,,,  .■.Wl^:'   .;! 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REVD  CHS  INGLIS. 

;       ,     Johnson  hall  March  27th  1771 


Good  Sir, 

I  have  had  the  favor  of  yours  of  the  8th  Inst,  and  I  thank 
you  as  well  for  the  particulars  you  Communicated  to  me,  as  for 
the  kind  manner  in  which  your  friendship  has  Induced  you  to 
speak  of  myself  on  the  Subject  I  have  so  much  at  heart. 

I  am  persuaded  from  D'  Burtons  Letter  that  the  Society  would 
willingly  do  all  in  their  power,  for  carrying  so  important  a  plan 
into  Execution,"  and  Esteem  it  an  honor  to  receive  so  many 
assurjinres  of  their  favorable  opinion  of  my  little  endeavors. 
But  I  have  great  lleason  to  apprehend  that  the  Generality  of  the 
men  of  Rank  are  but  Cool  in  matters  of  Religion,  otherwise,  I 


i 

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t 

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.  ' 

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f-   . 

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m< 

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W'^y 

t  . 

M'A 

T^' 

442 


PAPERS  RELATING   TO 


should  think  that  a  plan  of  that  sort  would  come  with  great 
Weiglit  &  strict  propriety  from  His  Grace  of  Canterbury,  or  the 
Bisliop  of  London,  in  their  Ecclesiastick  Capacity,  and  I  am 
really  concerned  at  reading  that  part  where  you  say  Tliat  similar 
applications  from  the  Socjf  ty  first,  have  been  frequently  post- 
poned and  neglected  because  it  is  a  proof  that  my  apprehensions 
are  but  too  well  founded  otherwise  I  cannot  see  why  a  Religious 
Society  in  which  are  some  of  the  Greatest  Men  in  England  should 
not  meet  With  all  Imaginable  Countenance  on  any  Religious 
Subject,  where  the  Object  appeared  so  meritorious,  whilst  every 
species  of  Dissenters  finds  favor,  and  Support  on  the  application 
of  tlie  meanest  Engines  tliat  can  be  found  out — This  extraordi- 
nary Inkewarmness  in  matters  of  this  nature,  may  I  believe  in 
some  measure  be  attributed  to  the  peculiar  cast  of  Modern  poli- 
ticks, It  being  first  forged  by  the  Dissenters  &  echoed  by  every 
Scribler,  as  now  to  be  too  generally  believed.  That  the  Mission- 
aries busy  themselves  mostly  in  Converting  worthy  &  pious  Dis- 
senters, and  that  these  pious  people  will  be  alarmed. 

I  remember  to  have  read  of  a  king  of  France,  forbidding  a 
neighbouring  state  to  build  a  single  Galley  as  his  fleet  was  suffi- 
cient to  scour  their  seas,  and  I  am  certain  the  Conduct  of  the 
Dissenters  greatly  resembles  that  of  the  Monarch,  but  that  their 
power  is  as  yet  less  than  his.  For  those  of  Consequence  amst 
tlieni,  tho'  juany  of  them  are  Libertines  in  their  sentiments,  yet 
all  of  them  iu-e  strongly  interested  in  whatever  regards  their 
profession,  and  in  tliis  Country  they  foresee  that  if  the  Estab- 
lished Churcli  is  encouraged,  its  Comeliness  may  with*  much 
Efforts  of  our  Missionaries  draw  many  of  their  people  to  it  as 
well  as  regain  sev'  of  its  old  Members  who  for  want  of  any 
other  places  of  Worship  in  some  parts  have  become  Dissenters, 
But  as  Pride  &  policy  forbid  their  discovering  the  True  Causes, 
they  aifect  apprehensions  that  our  Church  may  pursue  unwar- 
rantable measures  to  acquire  a  Dominion  over  their  tender  Con- 
sciences and  In  America  presume  even  to  take  ofifence  at  any  ad- 
ditional  Establishments  in  our  faV.  That  Their  party  is  not  to 
be  disobliged  at  all  In  England  seems  to  be  a  maxim  amongst 
the  Great,  whicli  is  a  plain  Confession  of  the  strength  of  their 
Union,  Whilst  from  this  Country,  they  endeavor  to  persuade 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


443 


men  in  power  of  the  general  prevalence  of  their  opinions,  and 
the  great  Dread  of  a  people  Jealous  of  their  Rights  who  fled 
from  Religious  persecution.  Tho'  in  truth  they  can  boast  of  no 
superiority  if  the  members  of  the  Church,  The  Foreign  Protes- 
tants, Quakers  &c.  are  taken  together  as  they  may  be  for  these 
hav8  no  design  agt  us,  Do  not  in  fact  Joyn  them  in  opinion  or 
entertain  any  apprehensions  so  Injurious  to  the  Chh  of  England, 
so  that  as  I  formerly  observed  this  artfuU  false  representation 
should  be  enlarged  on  at  home,  and  Eradicated  for  untill  that  is 
done  I  do  not  see  much  prospect  of  encouragement,  and  I 
believe  the  great  are  so  much  afraid  of  the  imputation  of  being 
priest  ridden,  that  they  dare  not  give  the  Church  that  Counten- 
ance, or  the  injoyment  of  all  its  rights  and  Ceremonies,  which  is 
so  highly  necessary  &  reasonable  in  a  Land  of  Liberty  accords 
to  the  Dissenters  own  arguments,  if  the  members  of  our  Church 
are  allowed  to  have  any  Conscience  at  all. 

I  have  already  wrote  to  Lord  Hillsborough  (to  whom  my 
Correspondence  is  now  Confined)  &  have  fully  stated  my  opinion 
ontheReligs  wants  and  desires  ot  the  Ind"  and  I  believe  it  would 
be  deemed  out  of  ray  way  to  urge  it  farther  by  sending  him  a  plan 
before  he  answers  that  part  of  my  Letter  tho'  rather  than  it  sho^ 
fail  thro'  any  neglect  of  mine  I  would  do  it.  •'    *  ■  ^'     * 

I  cannot  think  that  the  plan  can  be  in  better  hands,  or  prepared 
so  well  by  any  other  than  a  Gentleman  of  your  abilities  and  zeal, 
and  tlierefore  I  hope  you'll  frame  it  yourself : — as  to  the  motives 
to  be  enlarged  on  that  should  Induce  Gov*  to  Countenance  it,  I 
think  (aras*  others)  That  it  will  have  a  happy  Effect  in  remove 
many  Circumstances  of  Jealousy  &  displays  his  Majestys  tender 
regard  for  their  future  happiness,  and  this  I  assure  you  even 
those  Ind«  are  capable  of  seeing  who  have  never  been  Christian- 
ized :— In  tlie  next  place  It  will  make  them  Members  of  a 
Church  which  teaches  an  obedience  to  Supreme  Authority  &  a 
reverence  for  Government,  which  are  principles  much  Wanting 
among  tliem,  and  as  it  will  finally  prove  the  means  of  their 
becoming  members  of  Civil  Society,  so  their  being  of  the 
National  Cliurcli  will  strengthen  the  Tye  &  add  Weight  to  that 
Religion  which  In  Justice  &  policy  ought  here  to  be  promoted. 
Besides  which  It  would,  soou  prove  a  means  of  alienating  them 


444 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


from  oiir  Enemys,  who  constantly  observe  to  them  that  we 
take  uo  care  of  their  salvation,  &  by  the  Proselytes  they  made 
to  the  Church  of  Rome  were  enabled  to  &  yet  may  distress  us 
greatly  Add  to  this  that  it  is  perhaps  the  only  opportunity  foi- 
many  reasons  tliat  ever  may  olfer,  which  occurring  in  the  Reign 
of  a  most  virtuous  &  Pious  Prince  will  reflect  much  Glory  on 
his  administration. 

I  am  glad  to  hear  that  since  we  are  to  have  a  new  Gov  so 
suddenly,  ids  Character  appears  so  amiable  as  I  find  it  does 
accords  to  the  ace'  of  sev'  Correspond**. 

I  sliall  not  fail  to  deliver  y  message  to  Odeserundy  which  will 
make  liim  happy  and  should  you  on  some  future  occasion  Write 
him  3  or  4  lines  It  would  yield  great  Satisfaction  to  all  the 
village. 

Between  ourselves  (for  it  shou^  not  be  Comunicated  to  some 
people)  I  she'  tt  11  you  that  the  German  Lutheran  Minister  at 
Stoneraby  (a  fine  settlement  near  this)  has  Expresed  a  deshe  to 
me  of  taking  orders  in  our  Chiu"ch,  &  what  is  more  Extraordi- 
nary Ids  Wliole  Congregation  desire  to  become  members  of  the 
same  This  Shews  what  the  chh  might  Expect  with  due  Counte- 
nance I  intend  to  mention  this  affair  to  D'  Auchmuty  to  whom 
I  beg  my  Complim's  &  that  you'll  acquaint  him  that  I  shall  Write 
him  by  next  post. 

The  bad  Weather  came  on  so  Suddenly  after  the  Snow  that 
S''  John  was  disappointed  of  going  down,  he  desires  his  kind 
Complem"  as  do  Coll'  Claus  &  Johnson,  and  I  am  allways  with 
perfect  Esteem  D^  Sir 


\-f^tfri 


■Ttf,^'- 


'  '      SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REVD.  DR.  AUCHMUTY. 

*■•  -■■' 

-nq  *ifi.i    Johnson  hall  April  4th  1771. 
Good  Sir  w   t^  •'n 

I  am  Sorry  to  have  remained  so  long  in  your  debt  as  now  at 

this  distance  of  time  to  acknowledge  tlie  rest  of  your  favor  of 

the  23'^«i  Nov  last,  soon  after  receiving  your  Letter  .both  W 

Stewart  &  Andrews  arrived  at  their  respective  Missions  where 


THE   SIX   NATIONS. 


44& 


they  aflford  promising  hopes  of  advancing  the  Cause  of  Religion. 
I  see  M'  Stewart  frequently  he  is  learning  the  Indian  language 
and  Seems  pleased  with  a  Study  so  necessary  to  a  man  in  his 
Situation.  And  he  is  much  esteemed  by  the  neighbouring  White 
people  who  frequent  his  church,  and  even  some  of  them  have 
sollicited  him  to  perform  the  rites  of  baptism  and  burial,  tho' 
tiiey  have  a  Minister  of  their  own  Church.  The  Indians  seem 
pleased  &  the  School  goes  on  very  well.  .mui 

I  cannot  but  think  with  you  that  there  is  however  a  Want  of 
becoming  zeal  amongst  many  whose  duty  it  is  to  promote  the 
Interests  of  the  Church,  and  to  procure  its  members  the  fuU 
Enjoyment  of  all  their  rites  &  Ceremonies,  to  which  they  have 
surely  an  undoubted  title.  If  other  Denominations  find  free 
indulgence  But  as  the  neglects  of  Superiors  in  Church  &  State 
must  be  ascribed  to  the  artifices  of  those  who  persuade  Men  in 
Europe  that  its  Members  here  are  few  &  Inconsiderable  Such 
Notions  must  I  believe  be  eradicated  before  much  assistance  can 
be  Expected.  r,. 

D'  Burton  has  not  lately  wrote  me  any  thing  material  So  that 
I  kuovv  not  what  lias  been  done,  respecting  my  offer  of  land,  or 
any  otlier  matter,  perhaps  the  paquet  now  daily  Expected  may 
bring  us  something,  on  these  heads.  Wliatever  zeal  we  want  is 
made  up  by  the  abundance  of  it  amongst  the  Dissenters,  who 
(tho  many  of  them  have  as  little  Religion  as  any  of  their  neigh- 
bours) Support  their  Cause  with  all  their  strength,  from  maxims 
of  policy,  an  Example  which  we  should  follow,  If  no  other 
argument  has  sufficient  force.  "■•>"' 

The  prospect  which  is  at  present  afforded  in  this  increasing 
Country  is  so  great  that,  I  hope  when  Men  in  power  are  more 
disengaged  from  Domestic  Concerns,  they  may  turn  their  Fyes 
to  America,  and  without  any  attempts  on  the  Consciences  of 
other  Men,  endeavor  to  Strengthen  the  National  Church.  But 
this  point  cannot  be  long  neglected  otherwise  it  will  never 
auswer.  I  desired  our  friend  M'  Inglis  to  mention  a  Circumstance 
concerning  Religion  here  that  I  think  you  ought  to  know.  The 
Lutheran  Minister  at  Stoneraby  has  lately  in  a  voluntary  Manner 
without  any  previous  Arguments  to  Induce  him  thereto  desired 
to  take  orderg  in  the  Church  of  England,  and  what  is  much  more 


•.f>:.'  ••* 


■'!'  '   ••  I;';  \ 


■)..V: 


K 


.^'■i. 


i  ? 


^i'   •*' 


^^**v.- 


■A'  ,     . 

t-i  *•  ■'. 


446 


PAPERS   RELATING   TO 


Strange,  It  is  the  desire  of  his  Congregation  that  he  should  do 
so.  Tlie  great  difficulty  is  That,  they  will  be  witli  out  a  Minister 
during  his  absence,  and  that  it  will  he  attended  with  an  Expence 
,  which  from  their  great  Occonomy,  they  do  not  ohuse  to  Incurr 
Especially  as  they  have  some  Charitable  Establishments  amongst 
themselves,  tliat  are  Chargeable. — If  therefore  any  thing  could 
be  fallen  upon,  or  that  the  Society  would  take  it  into  Considera- 
tion, and  that  at  the  same  time  it  Could  be  Carried  through 
without  making  much  noise,  It  would  add  the  Mt^ority  of  Inha- 
bitants of  a  very  fine  Settlement  to  the  Church,  and  as  they  are 
Foreigners  must  strengthen  their  allegiance  to  Gtov't.  I  shall  be 
glad  to  have  your  thoughts  on  this  and  Am  allways  with  true 
regard 


m 


B'  Sir  &c 


f  i  H  •J. 


5    'il.     ,.tj 


rnr*^ 


I    ^"  '  %?l\ 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD.  DR.  AUCHMUTY, 

CONCERNING   THE  HEVD  MR  HANNA  OF  SCHENECTADY. 

Johnson-hall  May  24ti>  1771. 
Good  Sir,  -■* 

I  wrote  to  you  the  4th  of  last  Month,  and  amongst  other  things 
mentiotied  the  afiair  of  the  Lutheran  Minister  near  this  place 
since  which  I  have  been  applied  to  by  M'  W«"  Hanna  of  Sche- 
nectady who  was  formerly  a  Presbyterian  Minister  at  Albany, 
since  which,  he  has  practised  the  Law  in  this  County,  and  now 
expresses  an  ardent  desire  to  take  Orders  in  tlie  Church  of 
England  and  become  a  Missionary,  he  has  entreated  me  to 
befriend  him  in  his  application  and  delivered  me  the  Originals 
together  with  a  Copy  which  I  now  inclose  you  of  Sundry  Testi- 
monials In  favor  of  his  Abilities  &  Character. — he  complains  that 
the  Presbyterians  who  had  a  great  esteem  for  him  whilst  he  was 
their  pastor  are  since  warm  against  him,  &  he  professes  much 
Zeal  &  inclination  for  the  Church  of  which  he  says  he  formerly 
would  have  become  a  member  but  for  the  prejudices  ag^  it  which 
his  father  entertained.  i.ii.o;  i»>tyin'>^Mi 


THE   BIX   NATIONS. 


447 


I  thought  it  best  to  Lay  the  matter  before  you,  who  may  have 
it  in  your  power  to  make  necessary  enquires  concerning  him,  & 
i^lio  can  best  Judge  whether  he  deserves  encouragement  under 
these  Circumstances,  as  my  acquaintance  with  him,  or  his  conduct 
will  not  enable  me  to  be  more  particular.  ,;j 

I  am  just  finishing  my  post  Letters  so  can  only  add  at  present 
that  I  am  always  with  truth  and  regard, 

Dear  Sir  &c  , .4 . 

The  Rev*  D^  Auohmuty. 


KEVD.  MB.  BANNA'S  TESTIMONIALS. 


t 


Schenectady  May  6th  1771. 
To  all  whom  it  may  Concern,  the  Bearer  W™  Hannah  lived 
several  Years  under  ray  Inspection  &  read  the  Latin  &  Greek 
Classicks  under  my  Tuition  :  has  taught  the  Latin  for  the  Space 
of  a  Year  past  &  began  to  teach  the  Greek  Classicks  to  the  good 
acceptance  of  his  Imployers ;  &  as  he  has  well  acquited  himself 
in  tiie  Former,  I  doubt  not  his  Capacity  to  teach  the  Later  upon 
Due  Preelection  to  which  I  expect  he  will  be  naturally  Inclined 
lie  is  Sober  &  Regular  as  to  his  moral  Character  certified  at 
Nottingham  Octo  2d  1756  by 

S.   FiNLET. 

That  the  Bearer  hereof  William  Hanna  assisted  me  in  teaching 
Greek  &  Latin  more  than  a  year  conducted  inoffensively  & 
Soberly,  was  faithful  in  his  Business  &  behaved  to  the  good 
acceptance  both  of  Employers  &  Scholars  and  I  doubt  not  if  he 
is  employed  in  teaching  again  but  he  will  deserve  the  same 
Character  is  certified  at  Pequea  February  19  1757 

pf  RoBT  Smith  V.  D.  M.     ' 

Philada  March  10  1759. 

This  is  to  certify  that  the  Bearer  M""  William  Hannah  was 

regularly  admitted  unto  the  Jersey  College  at  Prince-Town 

behaved  himself  soberly  wliile  in  it,  &  applyed  himself  diligently 

to  his  Studies  and  had  passed  one  Examination  for  a  Degree  with 


.■•.•,., I 


i« 


448 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


I) 
li 


.'I'l^  - 


t»' 


5fi  •   '   - 


!•« 


'j; 


.  M  ' 


^1 


the  approbation  of  the  Trustees  &  would  have  been  admitted  to 
the  Honours  of  the  College  had  he  attended  at  the  Commencement 
last ;  For  he  left  tlie  College  only  for  a  Season  by  Permission  of 
the  autliority  of  it,  &  was  as  well  Qualified  to  stand  a  second 
Examination  as  any  one  of  his  Class  who  were  all  admitted 
without  Exception.  So  that  the  only  reason  of  his  not  geting  a 
Degree  was  liis  absence  he  was  free  of  all  College  Censure 

Certified  per         "t John  Ewing. 

..,.,«.>■>...  New  York  May  8  1759 

This  is  to  Certify  tliat  M'  John  Ewing  was  Tutor  of  the  Jersey 
College  at  Prircetown  last  year  I  the  Subscriber  being  liis  Pupil. 

'   '■'"'  Peter  Rt  Livingston' 

This  may  certify  that  M'  William  Hannah  is  a  member  of  the 
church  of  Christ  in  Salisbury  in  full  Communion  &  in  Regular 
Standing  &  as  such  is  recommended  to  Occasional  or  stated 
communion  in  the  Church  of  Christ  wherever  Providence  may 
call  him  Testes  Jonathan  Lee  Pastor  of  said  Church  May  24th 
1760. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Association  of  Litchfield  County  in  Sharon 
on  Wednesday  May  28  A  D  1760  M'  William  Hanna  B.  A. 
offered  himself  to  Examination  in  Order  to  obtain  Licence  to 
Preach  tlie  Gospel,  who  was  accordingly  examined  &  this  Asso- 
ciation having  examined  him  according  to  our  Stated  Rules  look 
upon  him  competently  Qualified  to  Preach  the  Gospel  &  accord- 
ingly tlie  said  William  Hanna  is  hereby  Licensed  to  Preach  the 
Gospel  und'?r  the  Conduct  &  Direction  of  this  Association  &  do 
recommend  him  accordingly  wishing  he  may  be  useful  to  the 
Churches  examined  and  attested  per 

Jonathan  Lee    Scribe, 

1  Col.  Peter  R.  Livinostoh,  son  of  Robert  third  proprietor  of  the  Manor  of 
Livingston,  was  born  May  8t]ji  1737,  and  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Jamos 
Livingston,  merchant  of  New- York.  He  was  elected  to  represent  the  Manor  in 
the  Provincial  Assembly  in  1761,  1768,  and  again  in  1774.  At  the  breaking  ont 
of  the  Revolution  he  adhered,  with  other  members  of  the  family,  to  the  side  of 
American  liberty,  and  in  1776  was  chosen  president  of  the  Provincial  Convention 
as  well  a*  chairman  of  the  committee  of  safety,  and  was  employed  in  otiier 
departments  of  the  public  service.  He  died  15th  Kovr.,  1794,  aged  57  years 
Hii  sister  Mary  married  Hon.  James  Duane.— Ed. 


THE  BtX  JfATlOVM. 


440 


These  are  to  certify,  that  the  Rev*'  "William  Hanna  was 
regularly  appointed  to  the  Pastoral  Cure  of  this  flock  :  that  he 
nerlornied  the  Ministerial  Functions  for  the  space  of  about  6 
years  amongst  us  ;  and  mentained  an  unblemished  Moral  &  Re- 
ligiuus  character  during  his  incumbancy  ;  but  as  he  has  lately 
taken  a  civil  Commission  from  tlie  Governor  whicli  we  apprehend 
must  naturally  call  off  his  attention  from  his  Pastoral  Duties  : 
and  as  it  is  not  customary  for  any  Minister  In  our  Church  to  beai* 
a  Civil  office.  We  do  therefore  humbly  pray  tiiat  it  would  please 
the  Presbytery  to  grant  ns  a  Dismission  l^kom  the  Reverend  M' 
William  Hanna  which  We  are  the  Moore  Incouraged  to  hope  for, 
as  he  has  promised  unanimously  to  concur  with  us  in  the  same 
Request  Signed  Jointly  by  the  Elders  of  the  English  Presbyterian 
Church  in  Albany. 

iJoBN  McCrka' 
John  Mutmo' 
Itottrr.  H£NKY. 
July  9th  176t 

iA.  true  Copy  Joseph  Peck  Clerk  taken  at  the  Request  o 
M'  Hanna  the  Presbytery  Papers  on  file. 


<•*- 


,  ifjlil'. 


.J...VV. 


HEY.  DE.  AUCHMUTY  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON.        ,, 

New  Tort  June  the  ll^h  1T71.  '■ 
Worthy  Sir, 

I  defetr'd  answering  your  fevor  of  April  the  4»>"j  in  hopes  of 

having  some  Letters  from  tlie  Society  concerning  your  generous 

offer,  or  other  business  of  consequence,  to  communicate  to  you. 

r  have  at  length  received  two,  one  from  the  Bishop  of  London, 

1  Col.  John  McCska  was  the  brother  of  the  colebratod,  thoagh  unfortunate 
Jane  McCrea.  He  removed  in  1773  to  the  town  of  Northumberland,  Saratoga 
Co. 

2  This  gentleman  removed  aftcrwarda  to  Yermont 


Vol. ly. 


29 


I  /ni'M  i'^  vi.^f  0Oij^ 


460 


PAPERS   RELATING   TO 


m 

« ■ 

m/,"' 

.'■•fr 

i 

M"^' 

>'"" 

I;;; 

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I'*' 

i^ 

t 

p'.?^ 

• 

I:-*! 

|.'-i 

1 

/f 

_  t" 

1 

ti: 

|.i 

'.■ 

nm 

Hi 

i^cl 

.^tJ: 


and  one  from  Dr.  Burton,  both  relating  to  one  suliject  only  • 
which  shows  the  low  state  of  their  Finances,  and  elfectually 
shuts  the  Door  against  future  applications.  The  D'  iu  lijj 
letter  says, 

"  It  would  give  the  Society  a  very  sincere  pleasure,  if  they 
were  able  lo  return  a  satisfactory  an&wer  to  tlie  several  recom- 
mendations which  they  receive,  and  make  a  suitable  allowance 
to  the  persons  recommended:  But  having  already  gone  to  the 
very  utmost  of  our  abilities, and  even  beyond  them,  we  arc  now 
imder  the  necessity  of  giving  refusals  in  several  instances :  For 
us  I  have  said  in  other  letters,  if  we  go  on  to  establish  new 
missions,  we  shaU  soon  iiave  nothing  left  to  suDoort  our  old 
ones." 

His  Lordship  of  London  is  rather  more  explicit,  on  the  sub- 
ject, for  he  says  that  "  the  State  of  the  Society  will  not  allow  us 
to  establish  any  new  missions :  The  Expences  increase  daily,  & 
far  exceed  our  annual  Income :  It  is  hoped  therefore  that  no 
persons  will  be  sent  over  upon  the  presumption  of  new  appoint- 
ments, which  cannot  possibly  be  comply'd  with  in  our  present 
circumstances." 

These  Letters  effectually  stop  all  future  applications  for  new 
missions,  which  must  greatly  retard  the  Growth  of  the  Church 
in  America. 

The  Lutheran  minister  you  mention  and  his  people  would  be  a 
considerable  aquisition  to  the  Cliurch,  and  some  method  if  possi- 
ble should  be  fallen  upon  to  send  him  home  for  ordination.  If 
he  is  sensible  and  of  a  good  character,  I  make  no  doubt  but, 
upon  being  properly  recommended,  he  would  meet  with  assistance 
from  the  Bishops.  But  this  he  must  not  altogether  depend  upon. 
Suppose  (if  he  and  his  people  continue  in  the  same  m^nd)  that 
you  should  be  so  good  as  to  represent  his  Case  to  the  Societ}-, 
and  though  they  will  not  erect  new  miftsions,  they  may  eithei  as 
a  public  Body,  or  as  private  persons,  who  ought  to  promote  the 
Interests  of  the  Church,  make  him  a  present  of  as  much  as  will 
defray  his  Expences :  but  this  assurance  should  be  obtained 
before  he  imbarks.  I  will  also  write  in  his  favor,  and  befriend 
him  in  every  thing  in  my  power.  I  would  propose  a  subscrip- 
tion here  for  Him,  but  our  people  are  so  often  called  upon  for 


.Yt  ..!'   ? 


ir 


TUB  SIX   NATIONS. 


451 


their  money,  that  I  should  bo  ofraid  to  attempt  it,  As  to  the  Diffi- 
culty of  supplying  his  people  with  a  minister  in  his  absence  I 
Ihjiik  that  mlglit  in  a  great  measure  be  obviated,  by  M"*  Stewart's 
visiting  them  as  often  as  he  possibly  can.  perhaps  M'  Andrews 
may  be  induced  to  assist. 

Since  tlic  lieccipt  of  your  last  of  May  the  4*'',Ihav'e  informed 
myself  as  well  as  I  have  been  able  concerning  the  GeutlemaA 
you  mentioned.  His  moral  character  formerly  was  very  good  j 
but  since  he  has  commenced  Lawyer  it  Is  altered.  Many  dirty 
tilings  are  reported  of  him,  which  if  true,  must  greatly  hurt  him. 
I  have  consulted  with  several  of  my  Brethren  on  the  Subject, 
gome  of  them  know  him  j  they  are  unanimous  in  thinking  it 
will  not  do  for  us  to  recommend  him  for  many  reasons,  which 
m  ciin  inform  you  of,  if  desired.  If  the  Gentleman  is,  from  a 
motive  of  Conscience  desirous  of  taking  the  Gown,  I  then  would 
recommend  it  to  him  to  get  recommendations  to  my  Lord  Balti- 
more, who  can  provide  for  him  at  a  distance  from  his  old  Friends 
the  Dissenters,  who  will  be  watching  every  opportunity  to  preju- 
dice him,  and  render  abortive  any  usefulness  he  may  attempt  to 
be  of.  I  am  very  certain  it  will  never  do  for  him  to  think  of 
settling  in  tliese  parts ;  neither  would  it  do  for  the  Clergy  at 
present  to  take  him  by  the  hand  not  out  of  fear  or  regard  for  the 
Dissenters,  but  for  fear  of  consequences  which  after  a  previous 
inquiry,  naturally  arise. 

Thus  Sir  I  have  freely  and  candidly  given  you  my  sentiments 
on  the  main  Subjects  of  the  two  last  Letters  you  honoured  me 
with;  if  they  should  appear  satisfactory  to  you  I  shall  be  greatly 


Before  I  conclude,  I  must  just  observe  to  you  that  his  Lordship 
of  London  &  Dr.  Burton  are  both  silent  with  regard  to  an  Am<^rican 
Bishop;  and  indeed,  such  are  the  confusions  at  Home  and 
Religion  so  httle  adverted  to,  that  I  see  no  prospect  as  yet  of 
succeeding  ;  unless,  the  late  applications  of  the  Maryland  clergy, 
backed  by  their  Brethren  of  Virginia,  which  I  have  reason  to 
think  is  now  about  taking  place,  should  demand  a  little  attention, 
and  convince  the  ministry  that  the  American  clergy  are  deter- 
mined to  pursue  such  steps  as  Conscience  and  loyalty  suggest, 
till  they  succeed  in  what  they  have  as  Christians  and  dutiful 


'!■ 


.1 


^,. 


3*1 


m 


PAPEB9  BXLATINa  TO 


Subjects,  an  undoubted  right  to  petition  for.  The  Bishop  of 
London  informs  me,  that  his  Grace  of  Canterbui-j  &  himself  in  a 
very  particular  manner  recommended  to  my  LordDunmore  "th« 
protection  of  the  Church  and  Clergy  in  the  province  of  New 
York."  You  will  doubtless  conclude  that  he  has  taken  great 
notice  of  the  recommendation. 

•  I  have  the  Honor  to  be  (with  great  respect  i^id  sincere  regard) 
Worthy  Sir, 

Your  much  Obliged  and  mo$t  ob*  serv^ 

Samuel  Auchmuty. 
P.  S.  please  to  remember  me  to  my  little  Brother,  the  Fathei 
pf  the  Mohawks.    It  gives  me  great  plea^  to  find  th^t  he  in 
much  esteemed  &  likes  his  present  situation. 
/Sir  Wxa  Johnson^ 


WW*  ^' 


Iff 


KEY]),  fi.  MUNRO  TO  SIR  WM.  jaHNSON. 

Albany  ^UBO  35, 1771. 
¥<»*»•  Sir, 

Having  so  fovonrabj^  an  oppprtunity,  by  pay  good  Friepd  M' 

Joseph  Brent,  I  beg  Leave  to  present  my  best  Respects  to  yoi) 

Ip  fHa  the  fainily,  and  to  inform  you,  that  th^  Bev«i  M'  Inglls  of 

Nf)W  York  has  wrote  you  by  me  ;  The  Letter  has  been  Sent  b/ 

yjQur  Fo9t|  9f.  I  hope,  is  come  saf?  to  liaod.    You  h^ve  heard,  I 

understand,  of  some  foolish  people, that  have  been  endeavowiag 

U^  disturb  the  peace  of  my  Congregation ;  ^^d  am  sorry  to  lewn, 

t^t  my  Conducjt  in  that  affair,  has  not  been  ji'epresented  to  yo^ 

i^  the  mo»t  fiivourable  light.    Th^  whole  i^f^  f48  so  sijly  | 

r|dlc!u]ou9|  that  I  did  not  think  it  TyosrtU  while  to  trouble  yd« 

^iU)  ftu  acQouut  thereof.    I  intend  soon  howevf^r,  to  wait  upoa 

you  Sir,  at  the  Hall ;  till  then  I  trust  to  your  Candour,  that  jou 

will  Suspend  any  Judgement  of  th$  matter,  till  you  he^r  m; 

Story — ainll  et  alteram  partem. — I  shaUonl^  mention  at  present, 

that  my  Congregatioa  is  ia  pcjrfect  pence,  and  Quietness ;  uot- 


f    ' 


TBB  SIX  ITATIOHS. 


4n 


flthfttanding  any  malicious  Reports  to  the  Contrary.    I  remald 
^  great  Esteem  &  Respect,  Hon>*i*Sir, 

Tour  most  Obedient  Servants 

Hakry  Mmntd. 
To  SiiE*  William  Jobus^;  > 


■-i^^ 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REm  MR.  INGLIS,      . 

RELATIVE  to  HIS  FLAW  FOA'  OHBIStlAHlliiNa  THB   INblAltS^-      ^^ 

ir' 

lohnson  hall  luiy  4^*  1T7U,  * 
Oood  Sir, 

Your  favor  of  the  25'^  of  May  has  been  for  some  time  In  my 
hands,  but  I  was  prevented  by  business  from  answering  it  sooDiei^ 
and  Indeed  I  am  as  yet  unable  to  do  so  as  fully  as  I  could  wish. 

I  very  much  approve  of  the  plan  you  have  laid  down  for  your 
Design,  as  well  as  of  the  heads  under  which  it  is  to  be  digiested| 
as  they  will  Amuse  and  Instruct,  at  the  same  time  that  they 
ehforce  the  Arguments  in  £ivor  of  its  particular  object.  The 
principal  difficultys  in  the  way  of  Christianizing  the  Indiani 
does  not  depend  on  them,  but  remain  with  ourselves,  First,  Xfie 
Want  hitherto  of  a  thorough  knowledge  of  their  Genius  an^ 
Disposition,  or  of  the  proper  means  to  be  pursued,  Secondly^ 
th9  wuit  of  zeal  and  Perseverance,  Sufficient  for  such  an  arduoui 
undertaking  which  has  often  rendered  many  attempts  abortive^ 
and  that  where  these  Qualities  have  been  found  united  (as  amt 
tme  of  the  Dissenters)  "the  possessors  are  not  only  deficient  in 
knowledge  and  Capacity,  but  of  a  Gloomy  Severity  of  manners 
totally  disqualifying  them  from  such  a  Task.  Thirdly,  Dhe 
Want  of  a  Suitable  fund  that  may  enable  the  few  otherwiM 
fitting  for  the  purpose  to  attempt  it. 

That  some  may  be  found  equal  to  the  business  I  have  no 
dqubt,  and  from  the  Effects  which  the  Religion  of  our  Church 
produces  on  the  Dispositions  oi  its  Members,  It  is  most  reason»- 
ble  to  think  that  such  would  be  found  amongst  us,  who  would 
insinuate  the  prldaciples  of  Christianity  in  a  manner  that  would 


:i 


454 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


l'»H> 


be  more  pleasing  to  the  Indians  and  most  likely  To  succeed^  but 
this  last  is  a  remark  entre  nous,  as  possibly  it  would  be  furiously 
attacked — ThoVIndeed  you  must  Expect  that  any  thing  you  can 
Write  which  will  tend,  to  obstruct  their  Schemes,  or  to  throw 
this  important  business  into  other  hands,  will  meet  with  strpog 
oppostion,  and  he  bitterly  answered. 

You  propose,  (and  I  think  it  will  Illustrate  your  design)  That 
<nie  of  your  heads  shall  be  a  short  Historical  and  Topographical 
account  &c  as  most  pieces  that  hdve  appeared  on  this  Subject 
are  very  deffective,  and  as  none  of  them  could  when  Written  or 
from  the  then  State  of  Information  be  Correct,  It  will  greatly  add 
to  the  merit  of  your  Work  to  place  these  points  in  their  true 
Light,  but  as  this  is  a  Work  of  difficulty,  which  Will  require  a 
very  particular  Information  I  should  think  it  the  safest  to  give 
a  General  Brief  Sketch  of  it,  which  will  sufficiently  answer  the 
design — The  Conversion  of  the  Indians  would  greatly  Contribute 
to  secure  them  to  our  Interest,  and  prove  a  means  of  Counter- 
acting the  future  designs  of  the  French  who  certainly  are  verj 
busy  In  sowing  the  seeds  of  discontent  amongst  the  Ind*  and 
frill  Continue  to  do  Whilst  they  have  any  Intercourse  with  any 
part  of  the  Continent. — Under  the  Circumstances  which  promise 
sqpcess  to  such  an  attempt  at  this  time  I  am  of  opinion  that  our 
possessions  of  Canada  does  in  some  measure  secure  us  from  the 
Practices  of  popish  Missionaries  but  not  Efifectually,  which  I 
think  ought  to  be  a  Spurr  to  our  Industry,  For  their  being  at 
present  a  Romish  Bishop,  and  many  Clergymen  of  that  Church 
there,  who  take  uncommon  pains  to  preserve  the  Indians  in  the 
faith  they  were  taught,  and  to  gain  proselytes.  The  Ind*  who 
have  any  Intercourse  therewith  being  like  the  rest  naturally 
Captivated  with  pomp  &  Ceremony  will  allways  be  in  danger  till 
we  have  some  Establishments  that  may  Counterpoise  the  advan- 
^i.ge  they  possess,  and  the  assiduity  of  tlieir  endeavors  The 
Capacity  of  the  Indians  for  receiving  knowledge,  &  Comprehend- 
ing Divine  Truth  is  certainly  not  to  be  doubted,  and  as  they 
have  an  Excellent  Genius  for  Imitation,  after  they  have  received 
due  Instructior:  in  Christianity,  they  may  be  easily  &  insensibly 
Led  to  become  Enamoured  of  the  Arts  of  peace. 

They  have  been  in  some  Measure  k  should  allways  be  taught 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


455 


to  place  their  Gonfidenoie  in  k  Look  up  to  his  Mi^esty  as  their 
Common  Father  &  Protector  who  is  disposed  to  redress  &eir 
grievances  and  to  Contribute  a  portion  of  his  Royal  bounty  and 
Authority  to  the  malcing  them  happy ;  His  patronage  of  a  plan 
calculated  for  their  prosperity  here  &  hereafter  as  it  mU  be  the 
strongest  proof  he  can  give  them  of  his  regard,  so  it  will  be  the 
best  Security  for  their  allegiance.  It  has  been  the  opinion  of 
Government,  that  all  afifairs  with  them  sho^  pass  thro*  oqb 
Cl^anell,  to  the  Crown  as  the  fountain,  &  this  plan  on  that  Prin- 
ciple has  a  peculiar  claim  to  the  Royal  Patronage  from  the  ill 
Cousequences  which  must  attend  the  Leaving  them  Expose^,  to 
the  various  Unsettled  Tenets  in  Religion  &  Politicks  with  which 
an  Extensive  Country  Abounds,  which  not  only  Lessens  their 
Opinion  of  our  Wisdoni  &  principles,  but  must  abate  their  affe<^- 
tionforthe  Crown. 

I  delivered  your  Letter  to  Odeserundy  who  was  made  very 
happy  by  the  rect  of  it,  and  Expressed  his  most  Grateful 
AckncvJ*-  ^ments  I  am  now  in  the  utmost  hurry,  having  some- 
time sir*  i  to  call  a  few  Chiefs  of  each  Nation,  in  order  to 
enquire  i^.v.  oume  Informations  I  rec<>  from  the  Southward,  300 
Ind*  a  much  larger  number  than  was  required  have  accordingly 
come  here, — Two  days  ago  we  entered  upon  business.  In  the 
midst  of  which  I  am  now  engaged,  which  will  apologize  for  mj 
not  being  able  to  add  more  at  this  time  than  that  I  am  with  the 
most  perfect  Esteem 

Dr  Sir  &c  'm 

TheRevdM'.  Inglis.  •  n 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  DR.  AUCHMUTY, 


m 


OK  TUE  SUBJECT  OF  THE  RECEPTION  OF  A  LUTHERAN  AND  A  PRE8BTTB- 
RIAN  MINISTER  INTO  THE  CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND. 


Johnson  hall  July  4U>  1771 
OoodSir 

I  have  been  favored  with  your  Letter  of  last  month,  which  I 

am  sorry  to  find  does  not  contain  any  agreeable  InteUlgeiiCft  ftom 


i         ■    ' 


,     « 


* 


m 


I  ♦..- 


^' 


''  V3 


i    '''■ 

i  - 

I , 


^Uk 


VAjmS»'.  AgUtT3Nft  TO 


*  iT  'yr*  (      ill 


]M»Qdo9.i  Xod^  I.d0  Qoti  b^Uevie  the  Sooietys  foods  will  admit 
o£  thieii',  e»teiidi]ig:  tk«tin  b«i«)ty  to,  or  €«teb]ishljig  new  Missions 
butjtl\c)8)9  whiolv  tb^  have  established  are  not  all  supplied  witU 
MiS8|«warie»^  The.  Church  of  Caatijoharee  Se^us  intended  by  the. 
allOfwabo^i  m^de  to  Mc.H«llandL  that:  al^Jobastown  is  Established 
but! both,  «ro.s4iiU,yaQMit  tho^  fjxnn  their  edtuaitioa  if  Suppli«dr 
wtthiCkiod;  Men  theyw^  gieat^ ExteiKl  the  Christian ikith on 
thig^frOBlier^  and  prove  a  vast  addition  to-  thet  Church,  which 
aUtttdy  begins  to.be«r  a  respeetable  ^pearance  in  this  Country,, 
Aa  for  Johostowtt^  I  can  £knd  no  body  for  it,  tlio  the  Congregsr- 
ttcn,la«fe  Sunday  to  hear  the  Lutheran  minister  were  upwards  of 
5A<0^.of  wluch.  SfiQ  were  ConuuuQicanlfl^  And  Mr.  Hall  whose) 
Stdlary  goe«  on,  and  who  waa  to  have  1  £ii  long  since  at  Can^joh 
hvMfthasnot  been  since  heard  of,  I  think  enquiries  shoukHx); 
made  about  him  and  that  he  should  be  directed  to  go  tiierei 
affofdidg  to  the  Expectations  of  the  Society w 

Bialiort  we:  must  mako  the  most  of  the  Missions  alieadgr 
ealftblished  tiU  a  more  favorable  period,  and  in  the  mean  tiina 
naake  tryal  of  the  Generosity  of  tlie  people  of  England  Underi 
tbo<Count«Dance  of  tlie  Sishops  in  favor  of  any  farther  Religious) 
B|itft)]|dMnent8j 

lam  intirely  of  your  opinion  with  regard  to  the  Luthenuii 
Iifinistto  and  shall  after  some  furtliicr  conversatn  with  him  most 
wiUiagly. menttott  the  affair  in  my  Letters^  and  would  haveyoa 
Do  the  same  after  you  hear  next  from  me  to  the  end  that  some 
subscription  -may;  be'  set  on  foot  or  some  assurance  obtained 
previous  to  his  undertaking  it,  to*prevent.  disappointments,  and 
indeed  this  point  should  be  conducted  in  a  private  manner,  to 
prevent  the  many  obstructions  that  will  be  thrown  in  his  Way 
by  those  to  whom  it  would  prove  disagreable — I  should  not'have 
mentioned  the  other  Gentleman,  who  was  desirous  of  taking 
orders  but  at  his  particular  entreaty  and  I  have  some  reason  to 
think  tliat  your  Observations  thereon  are  Extremely  Just. 

I  am  inclined  to  hope  that  the  Application  you  mention  of  the 
Maryland  &  Virginia  Clergy,  being  an  additional  proof  of  tlio 
General  Wishes  of  the  American  Clergy  will  Merit  someatten- 
iif>^,  I  look  upon  that  Establishment  to  be  a  Grand  &  Important 
op^ff^  including;  in  it  almost  every  tiling  else  which  we  should 


TUB  SIX  NATIOyS*  0% 

BSfer  lose  sight  of,  and  I  am  persuaded  that  pcrsereranea  will  h 
last  obtain  it. 

law  soiry  the  recommendaln  of  his  Graoe  of  Ganterlmzy,  & 
the  Bishop  of  London,  ha»  met  with  so  little  notice  from  a  <»rtaia 
quarter,  which.  I  understand  to  be  the  ease  from  the  close  of' 
^ur  Letter,  perhaps  it  is  owing  to  his  being  of  different  ReUgious 
SeDUi»ent8i  or  toa.  totalilndlffiBirenoein  these  maUicrai 

l)u  Axuihmuty. 

.....  ■  %} 

...    >'WS 

■  mh 


REVDi  Sm.  IN6LIS  TO  SIR  WM.  J€HNSGNi| 


ON  THE  SUBJECT  OV  H^S  PLAN   FOR  CHRISTIANIZINQ    THE    INDIANS^ 

New  Yorkj  Aagt  19, 177ii^ 
WwthySi^  .       ' 

This  moment  I  rccdved  the  Society'^  Sermon  &  Abstract  fbr 
the'  present'  T<ear,  &  hearing  that  M*  Finn  is  just  setting  ou& 
fta*  Scheiieetady)  I  seiid  a  Copy  by  him,  &  snatch  a  minute  to 
Wrttetoyour; 

Tlie  9M:mon'  was  preached  by  the  justly  celebrated  Bishop 
Lewth^one  of  the  first  Characters  in  England  for  Erudition^ 
Pi«t^&^ Abilities;  I  observe  with  Pleasure  that  he  has  taken 
iH>ti(ie  of  the  Plan  we  have  now  under  Consideration;  which 
shews  the  Society's  attention  is  awake  to  this  Business,  &  will  be^ 
no  bad  Preparative  ftjr  its  going  down  with  others.  I  also 
observe  with  singular  satisfUction  the  just  Compliment  his  Lord> 
shl^  pays  you  at  page  24  of  the  Sermon,  tho  he  does  not  name- 
you.  In  truth  whait  he  says  coincides  exactly  with  what  I  havO' 
altrays  thought  &  have  often  said.  Providence  seems  to  mark 
you  out  a»  the  proper  Instrument  in  its  Hand,  to  civilise  those- 
poor  savages,  &  brhig  them  out  of  the  Bosom  of  Heathen  Dark- 
ness into  the Foldof  his  blessed  son ;  &  I  am  confident  that 
this  will  add  Lustre  tt>  your  memory  amongst  Posterity.  Lustre 
stiperior  even  to  that  you  have  so  justly  &  in  so  high  a  Degree 
aieqUired  already  in  the  Fifeld.  Such  a  Testimony  from  such  a 
man  as  Bisliop  Lowth,  in  such  an  audience^  &  on  such  an  occa- 


,  * 


■»   ,   i 


',(.' 


t\*" 


4) 


geneiotu 


tin  PAPERS  RELATING  TO 

8ion,  must  afford  the  most  sensible  satisfaction  to  a 
mind,  &  I  sincerely  congratulate  you  on  it. 

I  return  you  many  thanks  for  your  Letter  of  the  15tii  of  last 
month.  It  contains  several  useful  Hints,  of  which  I  shall  avail 
myself.  I  am  really  surprised  that  you  should  find  Time  to 
write  so  often,  with  such  Perspecuity,  &  so  much  to  the 
purpose,  amidst  such  a  multiplicity  of  Business.  It  shews  a 
very  clear  Head,  &  a  Turn  for,  as  well  as  regular  method  of 
doing  Business.  The  memorial  is  almost  finished.  The  contin- 
ual interruptions  I  daily  meet  with  from  parochial  Duties  & 
other  matters  have  much  retarded  it.  I  can  scarce  ever  sit  at  it 
two  Hours  at  a  time — several  Daj  s  pass  without  being  able  to 
devote  a  single  minute  to  it.  However  it  will  be  done  I  hope 
in  a  Fortnight ;  &  I  shall  then  send  it  to  you  by  some  safe 
Conveyance.  I  have  taken  a  good  deal  of  Pains  with  it,  & 
could  I  have  consulted  you  on  particular  occasions,  it  had  been 
better  executed.  However  it  will  undergo  your  Correction. 
After  retrenching  many  things,  it  will  fill  upwards  of  30  Pages 
in  Quai'to.  The  Notice  Bishop  Lowth  has  taken  of  this  affair 
gives  me  fresh  spirits,  &  animates  me  with  ardour  to  write  what 
yet  remains.  I  have  had  a  Hint  lately  of  a  Fund  which  would 
assist  .us  in  bearing  the  Expence  of  this  Scheme;  but  as  my 
intelligence  is  yet  imperfect,  I  shall  not  trouble  you  with  it  at 
present.  I  shall  endeavor  to  gain  more  satisfactory  Intelligence, 
&  shall  not  fail  of  acqut^inting  you  with  it  immediately,  if 
obtained. 

Tou  have  lately  had  a  Sample  of  our  late  Right  Honourable 
Governor' .  From  that  Specimen  you  will  be  able  to  judge  of 
the  Man.  At  present  we  have  a  truly  worthy  Governor^  He 
is  a  Gentleman  of  excellent  Sense,  as  you  may  see  by  the  answers 
to  the  addresses  presented  to  him  ;  his  Life  is  most  exemplary, 
&  he  is  a  warm  Friend  to  Religion,  to  the  Church  of  England  & 
the  Society.  From  his  well  known  Character,  I  have  not  a 
Doubt  but  he  would  zealously  second  our  Design ;  &  from  private 
Intbrmation  I  learn  that  he  has  considerable  Influence  with  Lord 
Hillsboro,  which  I  presume  will  be  increased  by  his  late  services 
in  N.  Carolina.  For  these  Reasons,  as  well  as  because  the 
ITheEtrlofDanmore.  2Got.  Tryon. 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


4» 


Instructions  delivered  to  our  Governors  contain  an  article 
expressly  injoining  them  to  find  out  Ways  &  Means  for  convert- 
ing the  Savages,  (which  I  use  as  an  Argument  for  the  Interposi- 
tion of  Government  in  the  present  Case)  I  have  been  considering 
whether  it  might  not  be  proper  to  consult  Governor  Tryon  on 
this  occasion,  &  engage  him  in  the  affair.  You  are  the  best 
Judge  of  this,  &  I  would  by  no  means  do  any  Thing  in  it  without 
consulting  you.  Be  pleased  to  let  me  know  your  Sentiments  ;  & 
I  shall  punctually  comply  with  your  Directions.  M'  Tryon  does 
not  know  any  Thing  of  the  affeir  as  yet.  *   . 

The  topographical  account  of  the  Indian  Country,  as  you  jiistl/ 
observe,  would  require  a  very  accurate  knowledge  of  the 
Relater — much  more  accurate  than  I  am  master  of.  Tou  will 
find  I  have  only  given  a  short  &  general  Account,  merely  with 
a  View  to  make  the  plan  more  intelligible  in  England.  If  you 
can  inform  me,  I  should  be  glad  to  know  whether  the  Bishop  of 
Quebec  has  Permission  to  ordain  missionaries,  &  send  them  where 
he  thinks  proper.  I  take  it  for  granted  that  he  has ;  but  would 
chuse  to  be  certain.  The  Articles  of  Capitulation,  or  of  the 
Treaty  of  Peace  afterwards,  say  nothing  about  it. 

My  best  Compliments  wait  on  Sir  John— &  be  assured 
yon  have  the  sincere  Esteem  &  best  wishes  of, 

Worthy  Sir, 
/  Your  very  affectionate  & 

humble  Serv* 

Charlcs  Inglis. 
To  Sir  W«n  Johnson  Baroii*  , 

P.  S.  It  would  give  me  much  Pleasure  to  heiur  from  you  soon. 
Could  a  Map  of  the  Country  of  the  Iroquois  he  transmitted  with 
the  Memorial,  pointing  out  the  different  Baces  there  mentioned, 
I  believe  it  would  be  of  Service  perhaps  it  would  be  difficult  to 
procure  this — ^I  have  several  Maps  by  me,  Jl>iit  they  are  all  very 
imperfect. 


■«    i:. 


■    4  .' 
.*    ,1* 


:>?; 


I\ 

< 

lim  iHii,"  ,            f.:m 

H  bK      •  « 

.'1 

H  i^B;  :<*'''  4;;./^" 

;    1 

■'i^V  '  '^«'  -' 

■rF'    ' 

■"^r^nr         r^;,' 

Ik'      '    *'  '      '  '  '!   ^il 

b|e^>             ' '  II 

J^K:ii                        '1 

H'^IPP''                               ;f| 

I^H                                                                1 

I^K    i3ife'''                                            '     r*-.rfM 

^H-'Slii?'  '             ■'■'/'■  "'^J« 

|^B.'^Bte|K.., .  ;r '". ^               ; 'H 

iHEt^^HE^^'* '            11 

^^^^^^^^Hp  ^    ''' 

'1 

M 


ii4\i  •       ;-i^'J     ■!■ 


'<>} 


TXPtXti  HXLjLtlltO  TO 


.    '''* 


VOTE  OF  THE  BOSTON  PROPAGATION  SOCtETY. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Gommissionerft  of  the  Company  for 
propagating  the  Gospel  in  New  England  &  parts  adjacent. 

The  Governor  having  communicated  at  the  last  meeting  of  the 
Commissioners  the  Correspondence  between  hkn  and  Sir  WiUa 
Johnson  in  consequence  of  a  vote  of  the  13^  May  relative  to  the 
Journal  of  W  Kirkland,  the  Companys  Missionary  at  Oneida : 
and  M^  Kirkland  being  now  in  town  &  attending  the  Commis- 
sioners &  inform'g  them.  That  he  had  lately  seen  S'  Willtam 
and  had  related  to^  him  those  passages  in  his  Journal  to  whkdi 
the  vote  of  the  Board  and  the  Governors  letter  in  consequence 
thereof  referred ;  and  had  likewise  acquainted  him,  that  the 
whole  of  the  matters  wliich  he  had  laid  before  the  Board,  he  had 
represented  as  coming  from  tlie  Indians ;  which  likewise  appears 
from  the  Journal  itself.  And  Sir  William  having  expressed  to 
M'.  Kirkland  Iiis  desire  for  the  success  of  the  Mission,  theBtard 
now  think  it  proper  to  desire  the  Governor  to  give  their  tliaoks 
to  Sir  William  for  his  kind  expressions  of  regard  contained  botb 
in  lus  Letter  to  tlie  Governor  &  in  conversation  with  M'. 
Kirkland :  and  to  desire  the  oountenanoe  of  his  favour  aod 
encouragement  to  the  Mission* 

Copy  A.  Oliver. 


\y,.,iMml  Wr-iHf 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REVD  MR.  KIRTLAND,    '  ■ 

DEMAl^DING   A   COPY'  OF   HIS   REPORT  TO   THE  BOSTON  COMMITTEE. 


Sfr, 


Johnson  haU'  Augt  22^  1771. 


I  have  just  received  a  Letter  ft'om  GoV  itutchinson  inclosing 
some  papers  from  tlie  Committee  at  Boston  for  propagating 
Christ"  faith,  they  relate  to  a  Journal  you  liave  lately  transmitted 
to  tliem,  The  particulars  of  whicli  ai'e  not  ment«'  I  must  desire 
to  know  from  you  what  was  the  occasion  of  your  Writing, 
&  that  you  will'send  me  the  wliole  particulars  as  I  am  given 
to  understand,  that  it  contained    some  Representations,  tliat 


THE  8IK  MATlOm. 


461 


I'J 


itgard  me.    It  is  necessary  that  I  should  Iiave  the  whole  of  this 
matter  from  yourself  without  deky. 

Xhfljlev««MfIHPtl«i4- 


m  WM.  JOmm  to  THUREyD.  CHARLES  INGLIS 

Johnson  hall  Sept'  lO^b  1771. 
Good  Sir, 

On  my  return  from  a  Spitog  batfk  of  Scheneotaday  whioh  has 
lately  been  discovered,  I  wa«  fitvoi^ed  with  your  kind  Letter 
inelosiDg  IBi^aop  Lowth's  Sermon,  &  tlie  Abstract  for  whidi  I 
kindly  thaidc  you. 

As  I  believe  t  must  a(^hiowledge  the  Compliment  tiiemnas 
Intended  f(»r  me,  I  wm  bound  in  Gratitude  to  declare  to  yw  my 
obligation  to  that  Worthy  Prelate  for  the  Distinguished  honor 
he  has  conferred  on  my  little  endeavors  in  his  excellent  Dis- 
course before  so  Worthy  &  respectable  an  audience. 

I  can  affirm  with  Truth  that  bissides  my  own  heartfelt  Satis- 
£iction  I  have  no  motive,  or  occasion  to  Spurr  my  Inclinations 
than  thereby  to  aci^uice  the  fwndship  of  those  Worthy  Charac- 
ters by  whom  it  is  an  honor  to  be  IGsteemed  &  I  am  only 
conq^ied  that  with  such  Inclinations  I  have  not  more  ability  to 
merit  their  favorable  Testimonies. 

You  have  doiLd)tless  many  interruptions  in  Ike  prosecut"  of 
your  favorite  object,  but  I  hope  you  may  soon  compteal;  it  to  y^ 
Satls&Gf>  as  I  know  it  will  be  to  mine  when  you  favor  me  with 
the  perusal.  r 

If  you  think  the  fund  ycfa.  hint  at  will  at  all  answer  I  shall 
be  glad  to  liaVe  it  explained,  and  I  approve  mucliof  y  Intended 
application  to  Qq\'  Tryon,as  his  amiable  character,  and  Counte- 
nance of  the  Church  in  tl;e  Colony  he  lately  Governed  shews 
him  to  be  a  real  Meod  to  its  Interests  the  orig*  Intentions,  (or 
peihaps  pretences)  of  all  Gov'^  in  planting  America  seemed  to 
hare  the  ChrisUwaiziog  the  N«fti7e8  as  «  principal  object.    It  h^ 


s  ,1 


,  I 


■■i- 


J  '■"'■ 


I 


si  til 


a^ 


M2 


PAPERS   RELATING   TO 


been  declared  in  Charters  lb  I  believe  in  the  Oov"  Instnictlons 
but  tho'  it  may  have  been  long  considered  as  matter  of  form  &, 
Consequently  little  regarded,  It  may  nevertheless  have  a  good 
effect,  and  meet  with  more  serious  attention  under  the  adminis- 
tration of  a  Gent  already  disposed  to  the  Interests  of  the  Church. 

I  cannot  at  present  certainly  inform  you  whether  the  Bishop 
of  Quebec  can  ordain  Missionaries,  &c,  tho'  I  believe  he  can 
but  I  imagine  if  so,  that  they  are  not  to  be  Jesuites  that  order 
being  so  much  discountenanced  in  most  of  the  Romish  States 
and  Secretly  disliked  by  the  Clergy  of  that  denominant"  from 
the  superiority  of  their  Influence,  over  the  Great  of  that  Church. 

I  tliink  that  a  Map  of  the  Country  you  speak  of  freed  from 
the  errors  of  all  those  that  have  been  published  would  greatly 
Illustrate  your  Work  but  no  Regular  surveys  have  been  made 
thereof.  The  most  accurate  sketches  that  have  been  obtained 
are  in  the  hands  of  Col.  G.  Johnson  who  has  taken  much  pains 
in  these  matters,  and  will  readily  contribute  his  assistance  by 
sending  you  such  a  one  as  may  in  some  measure  answer  j* 
desires. 

Tlie  Revd  M'  Cha*  Inglis. 


THE  REm  CHABIES  INGLIS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

"''>^''  New  York,  Sep.  21,  1771. 

Worthy  Sir, 

I  am  honoured  with  Tours  of  the  W^  Instant ;  tho  it  did  not 
come  to  Hand  till  after  I  sent  the  Memorial  by  M'  Browne  of 
Skenectady,  which  I  hope  you  have  recieved  by  this  Time. 

I  am  fully  sensible  you  require  "  no  Spur  to  your  Inclinations" 
with  Regard  to  the  measures  proposed  for  converting  the  Indians. 
Indeed  your  Zeal  is  what  chiefly  animates  the  Friends  of  that 
Scheme  with  Hopes  of  its  Success  :  Audit  is  evident  that  bishop 
Lowtli  only  intended  to  give  a  Testimony  in  his  Sermon  of  the 
Sense  that  He  &  the  Society  have  of  your  Zeal  in  this  good 
cause,  &  how  much  depends  upon  you.  For  my  part,  I  am  free 
to  declare,  as  I  always  have,  that  next  to  Providence,  my  chief 


I  .rf 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


463 


Expectation  &  Dependance  are  founded  on  Your  Zeal,  Abilities 
t  Influence  both  with  the  Ministry  &  the  Indians ;  &  if  any 
Thing  is  ever  done  for  tlie  latter,  I  am  persuaded  it  must  be  thro 
Your  Means.  ^ 

As  the  Cont^rsion  of  the  Indians  is  not  mentioned  in  Governor 
Tryon's  Instructions,  I  have  not  said  any  Tiling  to  him  on  the 
Subject.  His  Concurrence  indeed  might  be  of  Service  &  I  verily 
believe  he  would  readily  join  in  forwarding  the  Scheme  were  he 
required  to  do  so.  But  from  Motives  of  Delicacy,  I  would  chuse 
to  decline  it,  before  I  have  a  corrected  Copy  of  the  Memorial 
from  You.  In  my  humble  Opinion,  a  Letter  from  Yourself  to 
his  Excellency,  mentioning  the  Expediency  of  the  proposed 
measures  to  convert  &  civilise  the  Indians,  &  desiring  him  to  join 
in  supporting  the  Petition  of  the  Memorial  by  writing  to  Lord 
Hillsborough,  would  be  the  best  Method  of  Procedure.  What- 
e?eryou  judge  proper  notwithstanding,  will  readily  be  acquiesced 
in  by  me ;  &  I  shall  punctually  follow  your  Directions. 

TJie  Hint  I  formerly  gave  you  of  a  Fund  to  support  the  Indian 
Missions,  I  received  from  His  Excellency  Governor  Franklin. 
I  Iiad  warmly  recommended  him  to  the  Society  for  Admission  as 
a  Member.  Accordingly  he  was  elected ;  &  upon  recieving 
notice  of  this  from  D'  Burton,  I  acquainted  his  Excellency  with 
it  by  Jitter.  In  his  ionswer,  he  told  me  among  other  Tilings — 
Tliat  there  were  several  valuable  Islands  in  Delaware  River 
wliich  had  not  been  yet  annexed  either  to  Pennsylvania  or  New 
Jersey— that  the  Inhabitants,  of  those  Islands  who  were  nume- 
rous, were  desirous  to  have  tlie  Islands  annexed  to  the  Govern- 
ment of  New  Jersey — ^that  on  this  Consideration,  they  would  be 
willing  to  pay  down  a  large  Sum  of  money,  or  be  afterwards 
subject  to  a  considerable  Quit-Rent — &  His  Excellency  imagined 
that  the  Sum  they  would  advance,  or  the  Quit  Rents  they  should 
afterwards  pay,  might  easily  be  procured  for  the  Support  of  an 
American  Episcopate,  or  of  Indian  Missions.  I  immediately 
wrote  tb  liira,  requesting  to  know  what  he  thought  the  Quit  Rents 
of  those  Islands  might  amount  to  annually  &  that  he  would  use 
his  Influence  with  the  Ministry  to  have  them  appropriated  to  the 
Uses  he  mentioned.  I  have  yet  recieved  no  Answer  to  this 
Letter,  tho  several  Weeks  have  elapsed  since  it  was  written, 


i: 


'f'^i'; 


!■  :i 


i'  m 


I  4l 


.      » 


I 


•»     ■ 


464 


PAPKM   RKLATIKG  TO 


*fi| 


■  'f 


,1    ■", 


1  , 


which  I  imputo  to  the  Governor's  being  much  perplexed  at  pr^ 
tent  with  Business.  However,  as  the  Corporation  for  the  Relief 
of  Clergymen's  Widows,  &c  is  to  meet  at  Amboy  tlie  Week  after 
next,  wiiere  I  sliall  attend  ;  I  intend  to  go  from  thence  to  Bur- 
lington to  confer  with  his  Excellency  on  the  Subject,  if  I  sliould 
not  hear  iVom  him  before  that  Time.  I  ehall  communicate  to 
yon  wliatever  Intelligence  I  recieve. 

I  am  the  more  anxious  about  this  af^Sr,  as  t  apprehend  tlie 
p^atest  obstacle  to  the  Memorial's  taking  place,  will  be  the  Fund 
that  it  requires.  The  Measure  is  so  evidently  necessary  &  th« 
whole  Design  so  humane  &  expedient  in  every  Respect,  which  It 
recommends,  that  no  Man  can  object  to  it,  or  forbear  wishing  it 
'loccss.  How  many  Thousands  are  annually  expended  by 
Government  on  Matters  which  are  extremely  trivial  compared 
to  this  !  This  howerer  is  what  we  have  Nothing  to  do  wltk. 
Could  any  Fund,  not  y^t  appropriated,  be  pointed  out,— ^I  am 
convinced  it  would  greatly  facilitate  tflie  Scheme,  k  contribute  to 
procure  for  It  tbe  Countenance  of  Government ;  for  such  a  Fund 
would,  I  think,  be  readily  granted  fbr  the  purpose.  If  none  such 
can  be  specified,  the  'Memoirial  must  even  take  its  Chance. 
There  Is  no  Doubt  that  the  Ministry  will  pay  great  Regard  to 
Whatever  comes  ftom  yon  on  this  Head.  Your  Recommendation 
will  draw  their  attention,  !f  any  Thing  can  ;  for  it  is  not  only 
my  Opinion,  but  that  of  every  one  besides,  that  there  is  no  per- 
son whatever  whose  Influence  is  more  essential  to  the  Peace  k 
Welfare  of  America  than  Yours  ftt  present.  4t'»l 

I  shall  be  greatly  obliged  to  Col.  Johnson  for  the  Map  of  tlM 
Iroquois  Country  you  mentl<Hi.  But  probably  it  should  rather 
go  with  the  Copy  of  the  Memorial  that  you  may  send  to  Lord 
Hillsborough.  The  only  Reason  for  which  I  desired  it  was  t9 
make  the  Plan  laid  down  in  the  Memorial  more  intelligble  in 
England ;  &  of  Course  command  more  attention  to  it — Not  but 
that  I  should  be  much  pleased  to  see  a  correct  Map  of  that 
Country ;  but  I  would  not  desire  any  Gentleman  to  \m  at  so 
much  Trouble  merely  for  that  Purpose.  My  best  Compliments 
wait  on  Col.  Johnson  &  Sir  John — Col.  Clause  I  suppose  is  not 
yet  returned  £rom  Canada. 


THE  III  NATIOMI. 


L 

465 


If  you  do  not  find  it  necessary  to  make  any  very  great  Altera- 
tions in  the  Memorial,  perhaps  the  most  expeditious  Method,  & 
what  would  be  attended  with  least  Trouble  to  you,  would  be  to 
make  those  Alterations,  Interlineations,  &o  in  the  Copy  I  sent 
Yoa ;  k  after  you  have  bad  it  transcribed  fair,  to  return  it  to 
me.'  From  it  I  shall  make  another  Transcript  for  the  Society. 

M'  Stuart  is  now  here  on  his  Return  to  Fort  Hunter.  He 
will  set  out  for  Home  in  a  few  Days.  The  little  Gentleman 
geems  to  bear  Fatigue  very  well.  With  every  Wish  for  Youi 
Health  &  Happiness,  I  am,  Worthy  Sir, 

Your  most  affectionate 
&  humble  Serv* 

Cha&l&'.  Inglis. 

To  Sir  W™  Johnson. 

P.  S.  I  hope  You  received  Benefit  from  the  Springs  near  Ske- 
Dectady— It  is  very  sickly  all  round  us,  owing  to  the  heavy 
Bains  we  have  had  during  the  Summer — 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  CHAS.  INGLIS, 

WITH  HIS  OPINION  ON  THE  FLAN    FOR  CHRISTIANIZING  TH£  INDIikNS. 

Johnson  hall  Sept' 28»M 771. 
Good  Sir, 

Your  last  favor  was  so  long  by  the  Way  that  I  have  scarcely 
had  leisure  to  give  your  Memorial  a  perfect  reading  as  my  son 
&Col:  Johnson  were  going  for  N  York,  I  thoiu<,!;-  it  the  best 
opportunity  I  could  have  for  returning  it  safe  to  y  hands  and 
for  the  same  reasons  shall  omit  some  particulars  which  otherwise 
I  should  have  enlarged  upon.  I  am  vastly  pl&ased  with  y'  Work 
&  I  do  assure  you  that  It  was  with  great  satisfaction  I  found  so 
many  Important  heads  which  would  each  In  my  opinion  have 
filled  a  pamphlet  completely,  k  Clearly  discussed  in  a  few 
sheets. 

From  the  Indulgence  you  have  given  me  I  must  however 
observe  to  you,  that,  In  the  plan  for  the  Indians  Conversion  I 

Vol.  IV.  30 


II 


*i 


.!» 


ST  ."         (  /i 


t. 


M^    * 


<■*!    ' 


4k<        '^!  ji 


•M. 


-i 

> 


W  «;    in,;. 
#  ..k 


*i^ 


65  V .«     .■%^     , 


'I 


iri'* 


*         ^ 

>      "/ 

W 

/i 


466 


PAFEBfl  BfXATIVG  TO 


cannot  think  it  safe  to  admit  either  Husbandmen  or  Mechanicks 
I  believe  I  formerly  assigned  some  reasons  for  this  my  opinion 
which  were  principally  founded  on  tSie  Xealou^  of  the  Ind«  to 
this  I  might  have  added  some  reasons  of  equal  Weight,  d)r  which 
I  now  refer  you  to  Col:  Johnson,  and  therefore  shall  only  add 
that  If  you  can  take  away  all  that  regards  that  head  fh»  remain- 
der will  perfectly  Express  my  Sentiments  and  wishes.  That 
part  I  am  persuaded  must  have  appeared  to  you  Extreamely 
necessar>',  and  but  for  some  causes  which  fow  are  acquainted 
with  It  would  have  been  so.  I  am  not  under  the  apprehension 
that  you  will  condemn  my  freedom  in  pointing  out  this,  for  I  shall 
all  ways  treat  you  with  thai  Candor  which  is  due  to  Tour  merit 
and  frierdship.  I  send  herewith  a  Letter  to  Lord  Hillsboro' 
wherein  I  have  endeavored  to  do  some  Justice  lo  your  Work, 
which  at  the  same  time  ob^ed  me  to  introduce  you  as  the 
author,  Tho'  this  was  but  an  Act  of  Justice  I  had  sev^  oth« 
good  reasons  for  it,  and  the  work  can  be  very  Easily  adapted  to 
tliat  Circumstance. 

I  have  taken  the  opportunity  of  Introducing  D'  Cooper,  into 
this  Letter  In  such  a  manner  as  will  make  him  a  proper  person 
to  Deliver  the  Work  to  his  Lordship  and  will  I  trust  be  an  addi- 
tional Testimony  in  fkvor  of  his  Worth  &  Kierit. 

I  shall  Long  to  hear  that  these  things  are  agreeable  to  yon, 

and  In  the  Interim  remain  with  perfect  Esteem 

D'S' 

&c. 
The  Beyd  M' Cha»  Inglifl.  .        ^v 


tU!4' 


LiJ:'>'« 


REV.  WM.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir,        -  ;  ';•-;.;-  '•,'":■:  ■  j:>f»\'  ,  ^..r/  <-..,;.    .■.  .  .        .  ■_  .'     -     ',,- 

The  Parors  I  hare  revived  from  you,  k  the  Civilities  you 
have  from  Time  to  Time  been  pleased  to  shew  me,  induces  me  to 
take  the  Liberty  of  informing  You,  that  I  have  very  lately 
opened  a  Grammar  Sdiool  in  this  Town,  r.nd  that  I  may  make 
it  the  more  generally  useful,!  shall  gite  Instructions,  in  Writing, 


THE  SIX  KATIOm. 


467* 


Beading  and  Arithmetic. — At  present  I  have  Ten  Scholars,  ajid 
as  the  Prices  are  moderate,  I  have  the  Prospect  of  getting  more 

daily. 

I  hope,  Sir,  it  may  merit  your  Countenance  and  Encourage- 
ment, as  it  shaJl  be  conducted  with  the  greatest  Care  and 
Attention,  and  that  you  will  be  good  enough  to  patronize  this 
undertaking,  which  may  prove  useful  to  the  People  here,  and 
may  enable  me  to  continue  amongst  them.  > 

I  had  determined  upon  waiting  on  you  to  communicate  this 
Scheme,  when  I  lately  pii'eaohed  at  Fort-Hunter,  but  was  pre- 
vented by  some  Circumstances. 

Believe  me,  that  I  am,  with  the  truest  Gratitude, 

Sir, 
Your  most  affectionate, 
■        •  and  very  humble  Servant-,     . 

"W]MU.  Andrews.   ^ 
Schenectady.  28th  SepM  771.  '*.r> 

The  hon»»'e  Sir  W"»  Johnson  Bar*.      i  :     •  .  ; 


, ' 


;i 


I. 


■.■■>:,;■•       t 


:J1     -^      , 


REVD  MR.  INGLIS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON,  ' 

ON   THE  SUBJECT   OF  THE   MEMORIAL. 

.^  New  York,  Octob.  23, 1771.  ■ 

Dear  &  worthy  Sir, 

I  received  your  last  Favour  by  Col.  Johnson,  &  intirely 
acquiesce  in  the  Method  you  propose  the  Memorial  should  be 
transmitted  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  you  are  indisputably  the  best 
Judge  of  the  properest  Manner,  as  I  am  fully  persuaded  that  no 
person  can  have  the  success  of  the  Measure  proposed  more  at 
Heart. 

It  was  extremely  kind  &  obliging  to  send  your  Letter  to  Lord 
Hillsborough  open  ;  &  the  very  friendly,  tlio  too  partial,  mention 
that  is  made  of  me  in  it,  claims  my  warmest  Gratitude.  Be 
assured  I  have  the  highest  sense  of  the  Honour  you  do  me  ;  &  I 
shall  think  myself  extremely  happy,  if  under  your  Direction  & 


>'^ 


468 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


Influence,  I  can  in  any  measure  be  instrumental  in  promoting  a 
scheme  by  which  so  many  advantages  may  be  derived  to  the 
State — so  much  Honour  to  our  Church — &  so  many  Benefits  to 
the  Indians,  who  I  believe  want  no  more  than  proper  Culture 
to  make  as  distinguishing  a  Figure  as  any  People  upon  Earth. 

The  amendment  you  proposed  with  Respect  to  Farmers  & 
Mechanics  is  made.  Every  thing  relative  to  them,  except  Smiths 
is  struck  out.  I  confess  it  was  more  out  of  Compliance  with 
common  Prejudices  that  induced  me  to  insert  any  thing  about 
Farmers  &  Carpenters,  than  from  a  Conviction  of  their  utility. 
But  your  Hint  determined  me  immediately  to  leave  out  every 
thing  that  was  said  about  them.  The  article  concerning  Smiths 
is  retained  ;  because  you  did  not  object  to  it,  &  the  Government 
formerly  allowed  them.  '  » • 

By  Col.  Johnson's  Directions  I  inserted  a  few  more  Particulars. 
Pond  lac's  affair  is  more  fully  stated — the  Ravages  occasioned  by 
the  Insurrection  which  he  headed  are  more  minutely  delineated, 
being  of  great  Consequence  to  jemove  the  Notion  of  our  being 
out  of  any  Danger  from  the  Indians,  as  we  are  Masters  of 
Canada.  A  few  Reflections  are  also  added  concerning  the 
Western  Indians,  whose  Jealousy  is  raised  by  our  Conquest  of 
Canada,  &  by  which  we  have  more  Enemies  among  them  now 
than  formerly  ;  as  many  Nations,  to  whom  the  English  were  little 
known  before,  &  whom  the  French  taught  to  despise  us,  now 
observe  us  witli  a  Jealous  Eye.  And  lastly,  I  have  thrown  out 
a  Hint  near  the  Conclusion,  how  much  more  agreable  to  the 
Indians  the  solemnity  of  our  Worship  is  than  that  of  th^Dissen- 
ters — that  the  Indians  esteem  tlie  National  Religion  most,  being 
professed  by  the  King ;  &  that  it  would  be  more  eligible  to 
entrust  tlieir  Conversion  to  Clergymen  of  the  Chuch  of  England, 
by  which  their  Fidelity  to  the  Crown  would  be  indubitably 
secured,  than  to  Dissenting  Teachers. 

Having  made  these  alterations  and  additions  besides  a  few  others 
that  were  necessary  as  the  Memorial  was  not  to  go  in  your  Name, 
I  had  it  copied  out  fair  in  a  good  Hand,  &  in  a  Quarto  Size ;  and 
having  a  Marble  cover,  with  Col.  Johnson's  accurate  &  neat  Map 
prefixed,  made  a  Handsome  looking  Pamphlet.  I  laid  the  Memo- 
rial, as  you  intimated,  before  Governor  Tryon,  who  was  so  kind 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


469 


as  to  approve  it  &  I  believe  recommended  it  to  Lord  Hillsboro : 
Your  Letter  however  h  ^hat  I  place  all  my  hope  on  of  having 
any  attention  paid  to  this  Scheme  by  Government ;  altho  I 
thought  it  my  Duty  to  write  the  Society  that  they  would  join  in 
urging  this  Business ;  particularly  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Oxford, 
who  has  lately  favoured  me  with  a  Letter,  &  to  whom  I  have 
communicated  largely  my  Sentiments  on  this  subject.  God 
Grant  that  the  Steps  taken  may  be  attended  with  success. 
There  are  few  earthly  objects  that  would  give  me  more  sincere 
Pleasure.    ^..:  ]  i:  ..jv/  ■A:,-^'->^>]/  >yni  -u,  • 

D'  Cooper  is  saild.  He  was  very  thankful  for  the  friendly 
notice  you  took  of  him  in  your  Letter  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  & 
desired  to  be  affectionately  remembered  to  you.  He  was  on  the 
point  of  embarking  when  Sir  John  &  C!ol.  Johnson  came  to  Town, 
&  I  have  been  so  constantly  employed  in  assistlhg  to  prepare 
addresses  to  go  by  him  from  the  Clergy  &  the  College,  &  in 
moving  to  the  College,  that  I  have  been  deprived  much  more  of 
the  Pleasure  of  their  Company  than  I  would  Chuse.  Indeed 
their  Friends  were  so  glad  to  see  them,  after  so  long  an  Absence, 
that  they  were  almost  continually  out,  &  I  could  only  spend  a 
Couple  of  Evenings  with  them.  There  is  an  affair  relative  to 
Kirtland,  the  Indian  Missionary,  which  I  have  mentioned  to  Col. 
Johnson  to  be  communicated  to  you,  not  thinking  it  safe  to  com- 
mit it  to  writing.  You  are  the  only  Person  that  can  accomplish 
it,  and  it  requires  much  Delicacy. 

Your  approbation  of  the  Memorial  gives  me  much  Pleasure. 
But  inReaUty  if  it  has  any  Merit,  It  should  be  placed  to  your 
own  Account ;  as  I  only  arranged  the  Materials  with  which  you 
supplied  me ;  &  this  I  mentioned  both  to  M'  Trvon  &  the 
Society.  '  '     -'  -  -  ^ -^i 

By  this  Time  I  hope  you  are  returned  safe  from  your  Excur- 
sions into  the  Indian  Country.    That  every  Felicity  may  attend 
you— &  that  you  may  be  long  continued  a  Blessing  &  an  orna- 
ment to  this  Country,  is  the  sincere  Wish  &  Prayer  of, 
.        ,  Worthy  Sir, 

.  '         ■  Your  most  affectionate 

much  obliged  &  very  humble  Serv* 
To  Sir  W»  Johnson  Charles  Inglis. 


•V 


-;■  :A- 


m 


470 


navBB  BXLknm  to 


Uh- 


'"wm 


m\  *'A^ 


«7        r*-^"  J> 


'W'-  ■  ■  - 

I?  H     '     * 

I      AS '      'if   ' 

'*'■''' '^  PI '     ,         I 


*«J 


|v    Si-'  \  f  ^      H 

w 


I 


mn  WM.  iAiNDft£W8  TO  SIR  WM,  JOHNSON. 
Sir, 

I  latelj  tmlk  ihb  Liberty  of  bc^aAmting  Tou,  that  I  had 
opened  a 'GriEimmar  School  ki  this  Town,  and  since  that,  I  hav9 
determined.oa  filming  it 'idto  «i  Academy,  and  propose  giving 
Instructi(Mis  in  BdKiding,  Writing,  iirithmetic.  Geography  and 
Histovy  to  Iho^  who  mtty  be  designed  to  fill  the  Stations  of 
active  Life,  exCln^iV^  Of  those  who  may  be  taught  the  Learned 
Languages  —Bbok'ltitepiag,  i^  Merchants  accompts  to  fit  them 
for  Business,  or  the  Mechfmic  Arts. — At  present  I  have  Thirteen 
Scholars,  And  as  Ibe  l^icw  are  moderate  for  teaching,  and 
teceiving  Bbahlen,  7  have  n  good  Prospect  of  getting  mofe 
daily.  :       , 

I  hope,  ftr,  it  m^  lieMt  yotir  Oounieoanoe  ^d  Encourage, 
ment,  as  It  ids^  be  condHOtod  wkh  the  greatest  Care  and  Atten- 
tion, and  that  you  will  be  good  enough  to  patronize  this  Plan, 
which  mfty  prove  very  useful  to  tihls  Place,  and  may  ^able  me 
to  c(mtinue  in  tbts  MissioBi 

Wnen  I  left  London  I  positively  saw  toy  Salary  settled  in  the 
venerable  Society's  Books  at  ^£50  Sterling  a  year,  and  I  then  ex- 
press'd  my  sid*prize  that  it  exceeded  my  Espeetations  by  JClo, 
as  I  knew  you  had  been  pleased  to  have  had  even  that  annexed 
to  what  it  formerly  was. — ^3ttt  by  %i Letter  from  Doctor  Burton,  & 
irom  the  Abstracts  for  this  Year,  I  learn  it  really  is  no  more  than 
JB40,  which  together  with  what  my  Congregation  give,  which 
is  MO  Curerncy,  is  quite  insufficient  to  support  me.— Indeed 
the  people  subscribe  as  largely  &  willingly  as  they  possibly  can. 
In  short,  they  contribute  all  in  their  Power  to  make  me  live 
easy,  and  I  do  every  Thing  I  can  to  please  them,  by  doing  my 
Duty  amongst  them. 

What  I  only  wish  for,  if,  that  the  vmerable  Society  wou'd 
please  to  add -somethiBg  to  My  Income,  eitlier  on  Account  of 
the  School,  or  because  of  the  Poverty  of  the  Mission.— For,  I 
believe  I  may  safely  pronounce  it  to  be  one  of  the  poorest  Mis- 
sions on  the  Continent. — Still  I  wou'd  not  wish  to  appear  discon- 
tented, for  I  am  &r  from  being  so — I  only  desire  to  liave  my 
Income  so  setUed,  in  a  tnoderate  Way,  That  I  can  make  it 
barely  satisfy  my  few  Wants. 


TBB  ftUC   DAVIOHB. 


471 


Wheiiever  your  Church  is  fit  £>r  Service,  I  shou'd  be  willing, 
if  agreeable  to  yoii  to  preMh  at  times,  till  you  please  to  receiye 
a  ClergymaD,  as  that  is  the  only  Method  I  have  of  shewing  my 
Gratitude  for  the  Favors  you  have  conferreii,  on  him  who  is 
with  great  Respect 

Sir,  Tour  most  obedient  Servant, 

Wm.  Andrews. 
Schenectady,  5t>»  November  1771. 
The  Honi*!*  Sir  W™  Johnson  Bart         .  ... 


»'    V 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  itEVD  MR.  ANDREWS. 

Johnson  hall  Nov  18»»>  1771. 

Sir, 

I  have  had  the  &vor  of  yours  informing  me  of  your  having 
opened  a  Grammar  School,  and  of  your  resolution  since  to  form 
it  into  an  Academy,  of  all  which  I  cannot  but  approve  from  the 
Just  opinion  I  entertain  of  your  abilities  for  &  attention  to  the 
duties  of  such  an  Undertaking.  You  may  therefore  be  assured, 
of  such  encouragement  &  recommendation  as  itits  in  my  power 
to  afford  you. 

I  am  really  concerned  at  your  disappointment  of  the  additional 
jSlO  per  annum,  being  tioroughly  persuaded  of  the  reasonable- 
ness of  what  you  say  concerning  your  present  situation  which  I 
wish  it  was  in  my  power  to  improve,  by  anything  I  can  say  in 
your  behalf,  and  with  that  View  shall  mention  your  case  in  my 
next  Letters  to  the  Society,  tho'  I  am  sensible  that  their  fimds, 
are  much  reduced  by  the  late  necessary  Establishm*. 

It  is  my  sincere  wish  that  your  present  useful  undertalyng 
may  alleviate  those  disagreable  circumstances  which  you  have 
described,  and  become  more  suitable  to  your  Merit  than  the 
moderation  of  your  Wishes  which  are  an  additional  recommen- 
dation to  your  Character. 

1  am  much  obliged  by  your  offer  of  preaching  at  Johnstown 
occasionally,  till  that  Mission  is  supplied,  which  I  should  by  no 
means  decline  If  It  could  be  done  Consistent  with  your  Engage- 


%M. 


* 


,      *  » 


472 


PAVKRS  &KLATINO  TO 


ments  in  Schenectady,  as  I  shall  allways  be  glad  to  see  you,  and 

to  demonstrate  that  I  am  with  regard. 

Your  hearty  Wdl  Wisher 

&  most  humble  Servt, 
The  Rev«>  M'  W™  Andrews. 


tv;/;,»^'H^4  ,Vf 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REVD.  CHARLES  INGLIS. 

V  Johnson  Hall  Jany  27»»>  1772. 
Good  Sir 

I  have  been  lately  favored  with  your  Letter  of  the  4th  Inst 
on  the  subject  of  which  I  wish  it  was  in  my  power  to  afford  you 
satisfaction,  For  it  would  give  me  pleasure  to  be  the  Instrument 
in  procuring  suitable  relief  for  a  Lady  of  the  Character  &  merit 
you  describe,  and  especially  one  who  is  Connected  with  you. 

There  is  such  a  fund  in  Ireland  as  you  describe  which  as  I 
have  allways  understood  was  used  Chiefly  for  the  support  ot 
Ladies  whose  Husbands  or  near  Connections  had  served  the 
state,  and  at  the  disposal  of  the  Lord  Lieutenant  j  whether  M" 
Ellis  is  withinthe  predicament  I  have  mentioned,  or  not,  I  sup- 
pose that  with  proper  Interest  she  might  be  placed  on  the  List, 
but  really  I  am  unluckily  a  most  unfit  person  to  make  such 
application,  for  a  residence  of  above  30  years  in  America 
together  with  the  nature  of  my  office  which  directs  my  Corres- 
pondence to  England  lias  deprived  me  of  all  my  old  acquain- 
tances In  Ireland  who  could  be  of  any  service,  &  for  many  years 
Limited  my  Correspondence  to  my  own  family,  and  as  far  as 
Lord  Townsend  tho'  he  has  been  for  a  short  time  in  America, 
yet  we  never  served  together,  neither  had  I  any  opportunity  of 
seeing  or  being  known  to  him,  for  which  reason  you  know  I 
could  not  with  the  least  propriety  apply  to  him,  or  direct  the 
disposition  of  his  bounty  at  such  a  distance, — any  of  the  Donegal 
members  might  do  her  business  at  once,  and  I  have  understood 
that.it  is  thro'  such  Channell  that  such  favors  are  dispensed; 
If  this  did  not  occur  to  you,  perhaps  it  may  be  of  some  use,  at 
least  I  wish  it,  for  I  am  really  concerned  that  in  this  Inst;ince  I 


ii":      I' 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


473 


eannot  shew  you  how  much  I  am  inclined  to  serve  Indigent 
gierit,  &  to  oblige  you  I  am  hopeful!  that  by  this  Time  you  may 
have  heard  of  the  safe  arrival  of  D'  Cooper  in  England,  and 
sincerely  wish  success  to  every  thing  that  is  committted  to  his 
charge,  Tho'  I  dont  know  all  the  objects  of  his  voyage,  I  make 
no  doubt  but  that  he  will  prove  an  able  Sollicitor,  &  that  the 
Indian  Memorial  will  meet  with  some  attention.  Your  preju- 
dices in  favor  of  these  people  are  truly  laudable,  and  I  hope  you 
will  ere  long  see  some  of  our  good  Wishes  accomplished. 

I  shall  be  very  much  obliged  to  you  for  the  Pamphlett  you 
mention  whenever  any  private  hand  offers,  and  also  to  hear  any 
thing  material  that  may  be  sent  you  from  England. 

It  is  of  the  highest  importance  to  all  new  seats  of  Learning 
that  they  acquire  an  early  reputation  and  the  friends  of  N 
York  College  must  be  pleased  to  find  that  D""  Coopers  place  is  so 
ably  filled  in  his  absence. 

I  shall  remember  you  to  M'  Stewart,  and  have  S'  John  &  Col: 
Johnsons  kind  Compliments  now  to  transmit  you.  I  shall  also 
Let  the  Indian  know  your  farther  remembrance  of  his  Son  which 
will  be  taken  very  kindly.  At  present  I  can  only  add  farther 
that  I  am     Most  Sincerely 

TheRevdM'ChasInglis.  * 


MR.  JOHN  COTTGRAVE  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON, 

i,  '  «  RESPECTING    THE  CHURCH   &C. 

"  .       Johns  Town  ISth  May  1772. 

Honoured  Sir. 

As  the  Capital  of  Tryon  is  fixed  upon  to  be  here,  I  should  be 
wanting  in  Duty,  if  I  was  to  omit  the  opportunity  to  congratu- 
late your  Honour  thereupon:  but  as  my  intention  therein  will 
not  agree  with  Custom,  I  shall  proceed;  and  leave  two  or  three 
things  for  your  Honours  consideration,  the  first  of  which 
is,  for  the  immediate  finishing  of  the  Church;  for  as  the  Church 
now  remahis;  your  Honour  and  family  cannot  have  the  satisfac- 
tion which  you  otherwise  would  have,  if  the  Church  was  finished. 
the  Children  for  instance,  mix  with  the  Aged,  for  the  want  of 
aGallary;— andfor  the  want  of  seats,  many  of  the  Grown  oeople 


f   .-l 


,    I: 


•! 


'"'] 


MM 


m. 


:-^m '' 


Kill')        »c'i. '; 


*,•    *• 


III   ff '     ^'  ' 


^i 


474 


PAPERS   AELATIMO  TO 


are  very  troublesome— The  next  thing  I  consider  of  the  utmost 
importance  to  the  General  wellfare  of  this  Patent,  is  the  ClothiDe 
of  the  Poor  Children,  with  something  low  priced  for  a  suitable 
uniform,  to  be  worn  at  no  other  Time  but  on  the  Sabath— thin 
would  encourage  and  Command  the  Childrens  attendanoti.  and 
engage  their  Parents:  and  when  Care  is  taken  of  the  Childrens 
Cloathes,  the  expense  of  Clothing  them  will  be  inconsiderable 
what  a  pitty  is  it  therefore,  to  see,  so  great,  and  so  good  a  thhie 
as  this  is  not  to  take  place;  when  a  Boy,  to  ride  post  fbm  the 
Hall  (who  perhaps  like  too  many  others  live  in  idleness)  would 
more  than  pay  the  sum  which  the  before  recommended  Charity 
wiU  require. — ^The  next  thing  I  mean  to  refer  to,  is  the  Building 
of  a  new  Free  School  house  nearly  in  the  Centre  of  the  Free 
School-House  Lot  in  the  form  of  an  academy;  with  a  convmi- 
iency  at  the  top,  for  the  little  Bell  of  the  Hall;  if  this  was  to  be 
done,  the  present  School  House  might  be  removed  upon  one  of 
the  vacant  Lots  in  Town,  and  answer  the  End  of  a  dwelling 
house— «8  it  would  not  be  proper  for  to  have  the  New  Free 
School  in  the  least  incumbered,  but  to  have  the  whole  Lott 
fenced  in  neatly,  and  Sutable  Trees  planted  round  the  whole 
square.    If  these  things  was  done,  (which  is  of  far  greater  Con- 
sequence tiftn  the  Building  of  Blockhouses  in  Town)  your 
Honour  would  then  engage  the  attention  of  people,  and  perhaps 
them  who  live  in  the  remotest  part  of  his  present  Miyesty's 
Dominions.^  And  as  the  particulars  refered  to,  generally  atract 
the  attention  of  Gentlemen  of  the  first  rank;  and  as  your 
Honour  is  capable  of  giving  the  foremost  of  them  a  Pattern,  its 
a  pitty  any  hurry  of  Business  shou'd  so  far  interfere,  as  to  set 
aside  your  Honours  intention  therein. — and  the  only  reason  why 
I  have  been  so  very  troublesome  at  times  to  your  Honour  as  I 
have  been,  is  owing  to  my  being  a  Spectator  to  Transactions, 
which  selfevidently  debars  your  Honour  from  being  as  Great, 
which  your  Honours  universal  Goodness  of  hcai't  entitles  you 
of  being,  is  the  opinion,  of  Honoured  Sir, 

your  Honours  most  Dutifull  . 

and  very  obliged  Serv* 

John  Cottgrave. 
Honourable  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet. 


THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


435 


N.  B.  As  the  first  years  Cloathing  will  appear  at  this  Time 
perhaps  too  expensive  (your  Honour  having  so  many  to  provide 
for),  I  will  be  willing  from  the  same  Consideration  to  allow  your 
Honour  Ten  pounds  towards  the  expense:  and  if  my  Circum- 
stances were  otherwise  than  they  are  at  present,  I  do  assure  your 
Honour,  I  would  do  much  more  and  with  the  greatest  pleasure — 
bat  being  out  of  Trade  and  under  a  perticular  disadvantage  for 
the  present,  hope  your  Honour  will  excuse  my  offer,  and  to 
keep  the  same  as  a  Secret;  as  no  other  person  living  will  be 
aquainted  with  my  Conclusion  thereupon. 


i  ■' ' 


'  » 


f 


.1 


SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  MR.  ANDREWS 

Tohnson  hall  June  25^  1772. 

Sir,  .         ..     ,.        , 

After  being  long  in  expectation  of  procuring  a  Missionary, 
for  this  place,  of  such  a  Character  as  I  could  wish  to  see  seated 
here,  thro'  the  kind  endeavors  of  the  Society,  and  finding  that 
such  a  person  had  not  been  found  out,  but  that  they  wished  me  to 
use  my  endeavors  to  get  one  that  was  fitting,  I  accordingly  wrote 
to  some  of  my  acquaintances  (whose  enquirys  I  thought  inight  be 
attended  with  Success)  Signifying  that  on  their  meeting  with  a 
Gentleman  in  Orders  of  good  Character,  who  was  willing  to  settle 
here,  I  should  give  him  a  favorable  reception,  with  a  preferrence 
to  the  first  person  that  shouM  be  found,  I  have  lately  been 
Informed  in  consequence  thereof  by  a  Friend  of  mine  that  he 
has  at  length  procured  me  a  Gentleman  of  fkir  Character  and 
abilities  who  will  shortly  come  to  this  place  as  I  formerly  desired. 
I  therefore  thought  it  necessary  to  acquaint  you  therewith,  as  at 
the  time  you  expressed  the  desire  to  remove  here.  It  was  not  in 
my  power  to  give  you  an  Answer,  with  any  degree  of  Certainty, 
least  somebody  had  been  already  fixed  upon  in  consequence  of 
my  former  application.  The  Gentleman  who  I  am  informed  will 
soon  be  up  is  an  entire  stranger  to  me,  but  from  the  recommen- 
dation I  have  of  him,  I  imagine  I  cannot  deny  him  the  place  he 


476 


PAPERS   REXATINO   TO 


has  been  encouraged  to  expect  by  the  Gentleman  whom  I  im 
powered. 

If  tlierefore  this  should  prevent  me  from  gratifying  youi 
Wishes,  I  can  only  say  that  I  am  hopefull  it  will  be  no  materia] 
disappointment  to  you  but  that  the  slenderness  of  your  present 
Mission  may  be  made  up  by  the  Success  of  your  Academy,  and 
the  great  use  which  I  am  persuaded  you  can  be  of  in  your 
present  situation  will  encourage  you  to  persevere  in  your  pious 
e^^-deavors  at  Schenectady. 

I  am  allways,  with  Esteem, 
The  Rev**  M'  W">  Andrews.  Sir  &c 


>4         -*,-»^ 


VJ* 


It  '^, 


1 


MR.  WM.  HANNA  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

London  July  20th  1772 
Dear  Sir. 

Both  Gratitude  &  Inclination  induce  me  to  imbrace  the  first 
Opportunity  to  inform  you  of  my  Success,  by  Virtue  of  your 
recommendatory  Letter  to  Coi  Sharpe  who  received  me  with 
mucli  Friendship  &  Hospitality  :  &  kindly  asked  after  the  Health 
&  Prosperity  of  his  Good  old  Friend  Sir  William  Johnson.  At 
the  same  Time  let  me  know,  that  at  Present,  there  was  not  a 
vacant  Parish  in  Maryland,  but  if  I  inclined  to  persue  my  Design, 
he  would  recommend  me  to  his  Friends  in  Virginia  where  I 
could  have  a  Title  to  a  vacant  Parish  j  &  if  any  became  vacant 
in  Maryland  j  he  would  use  his  Influence  for  my  Interest ;  and 
thought  it  premature  to  apply  to  Governor  Eden,  for  a  Living 
till  I  was  in  holy  Orders  :  accordingly  I  received  from  Co'  Sharpe 
k  his  Friends  Letters  to  Lord  Fairfax,  Col  George  Fairfax  Co' 
Washington  &  others ;  whereby  I  readily  obtained  a  Title  to  a 
vacant  Parish  :  &  Letters  to  his  Lordship  the  Bishop  of  London 
by  whom  I  was  ordained  Deacon  the  tenth  &  Priest  the  four- 
teenth Ultimo. 

I  have  had  the  Pleasure  &  Happiness  to  faU  into  Company 
with  Your  good  Friends  Samuel  Wharton  Esq »  :  &  Major  Trent 

1  Samdei.  Wharton,  son  of  Joseph  Wharton  of  Philadelphia,  was  born  on  th« 
3rd  of  May  1732.  He  was  a  Gentleman  of  very  considerable  talents,  and  wai 
concerned  in  a  purchase  made  of  the  Indiana  of  a  large  tract  of  land  on  the  Ohio. 


THE  SIX  NATIOMB. 


477 


who  remembring  a  few  Days  we  spent  togither  with  you  at  the 
Hall  before  the  general  Treaty  ;  and  understanding  that  I  was 
recommended  by  you  on  this  Occasion  were  pleased  to  take  a  par- 
ticular Notice  of  me  oh  your  Account :  and  introduced  me  to 
some  of  the  first  Families  in  this  Place  :  by  whom  I  was  treated 
with  mucli  Kindness  &  generosity  &  intertained  with  much 
Splendor.  And  when  I  informed  M'  Wharton  that  you  had 
advised'  me,  &  that  I  was  desirous  of  settling  in  Maryland ;  he 
procured  me  Letters  one  from  Sir  John  Eden  oldest  Brother  of 
Governor  Eden'  another  from  W""  Eden"  a  younger  Brother,  & 

The  GoTornment  of  Great  Britain  discountenanced  transactionB  of  tliat  nature. 
Mr.  Wliarton  resided  in  London  for  some  time,  as  the  Agent  of  the  Purchasers 
with  the  view  to  obtain  the  confirmation  by  Government  of  the  purchase  made  of 
the  Indians,  and  authority  to  establish  a  form  of  Government  on  those  Lands. 
Th6  dl£9cuUies  which  occurred  between  Great  Britain  and  her  Colonies  put  an 
end  to  all  prospect  of  terminating  the  scheme  favorably. — Letter  of  Frt.  R. 
Wharton  Esq. 

1  Sir  Robert  Eden,  Bart,  son  of  Sir  Robert  E.  of  West  Auckland,  married 
Caroline,  youngest  daughter  of  Charles,  6th  Lord  Baltimore,  sister  and  co-heir 
of  the  last  peer  of  that  name.  Ho  was  appointed  governor  of  Maryland  in  Au- 
gast  1768,  but  did  not  assume  the  government  (according  to  McMahon,  History 
Maryl.)  until  June,  1769.  He  continued  in  power  until  1776.  Easy  of  access, 
courteous  to  all,  of  fascinating  accomplishments,  he  was  respected  if  not  beloved 
even  by  his  political  enemies.  Hence  he  was  permitted  to  remain  in  the  province 
even  after  the , establishment  of  a  provincial  government  which,  by  express  rule, 
exempted  him  and  his  family  from  its  authority.  Whilst  enjoying  this  immunity 
some  despatches  from  Lord  George  Germaine  to  his  address  were  intercepted, 
and  General  Lee  wrote  to  the  Committee  of  Baltimore  ordering  his  arrest.  The 
subject  was  referred  to  the  Council  of  Safety  who  did  not  think  fit  to  comply, 
and  Governor  Eden  was  permitted  to  embark  on  23d  June  1776,  on  board  the 
sloop-of-war,  Fowty.  On  his  return  to  England  he  was  created  a  Baronet,  19th 
Sept.  1776.  He  returned  to  Annapolis  in  1784,  to  look  after  his  lady's  estate, 
and  died  in  tlie  neighborhood  of  that  city  in  the  year  1786.    Ed. 

2  William  Eden  (afterwards  Lord  Auckland,)  was  son  of  Sir  Bobert  E.  He 
was  educated  at  Oxford  and  called  to  the,  bar  in  1769;  appointed  Under  Secre- 
tary of  State  in  1772 ;  one  of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  Trade  and  Plantations 
in  1776,  and  in  1778  was  named  one  of  the  Commissioners  for  restoring  peace  in 
America.  In  1782  he  became  Chief  Secretary  of  Ireland  under  the  Earl  of  Car^ 
lisle,  with  whom  he  had  visited  this  country,  and  a  privy  Chancellor  in  1783.  In 
1785  he  was  named  Minister  to  France ;  in  1786  he  was  one  of  the  Lords  of  Trade, 
and  in  1788,  Ambassador  to  the  court  at  Madrid.  In  1789  he  was  raised  to  the 
Peerage  as  Baron  Auckland,  and  was  Minister  to  Holland  in  1793.  He  died  28th 
of  May,  1814.  He  was  the  author  of  Letters  on  Finance,  but  his  principal  work 
la,  The  Principles  of  Penal  Law,  8vo.  1772.    Ed. 


. 


V   ,      » 


'     f 


•'H 


p.v-  f.  • 


478 


PAPBmS  RKLATIMO   TO 


f    ■■'r' " . 


■if^i.'' 


M' 


rn  ■  t 


[I, 


by  his  Interest  k  Intimaoy  with  the  Earl  of  Rolo.  >•  >^  r^t^  ^f 
liis  Majesty's  principal  Secretaries  of  State  he  obtn  at  third 
from  Lord  Essei;  who  is  Uncle  to  M'"  Eden  &,  Beniftictor  to  t^  u 
Governor  each  warmly  recommending  me  to  the  Notice  Favom- 
&.  Protection  of  the  Governor,  which  I  dare  say  will  have  the 
Desired  Effect.  In  Bh<»t  M'  Wharton  is  on  such  good  Terms 
with  most  of  the  Lords  that  whatever  he  asks  for  his  Friends  he 
readily  obtains  with  the  greatest  ease.  M'  Wharton  took  me 
one  Day  into  the  Honte  of  Lords  tho*  Strick  Orders  are  against 
any  Perstms  being  permitted  to  enter  it  during  the  sitting ;  where 
I  saw  the  King  in  his  royal  Robes,  seated  on  his  Tlirone,  &  the 
Lords  in  their  proper  Robes,  &  was  present  when  the  House  of 
Commons  addressed  the  King  &  twenty  four  Bills  received  the 
royal  Assent. 

I  was  also  at  the  C!ookpit,  when  the  Lords  of  tite  privy  Council 
took  into  Consideration  the  Expediency  of  granting  a  large  Tract 
of  Land  &  settling  a  Government  on  the  Ohio ;  agreeable  to  a 
Petition  of  the  Right  Honourable  Tho«  Walpole,  Brother  to  Lord 
Walpole,  M'  Wharton,  M?\jor  Trent,  &  of  many  Lords :  to  the 
granting  of  which  Petition  Lord  Hillsborough  alone  objected, 
that  Part  of  the  Lands  prayed  for,  were  the  Property  of  the 
Cherokee  Indians,  and  that  it  was  contrary  to  the  good  Policy  of 
this  Country  to  permit  the  Americans  to  settle  the  interior  Parts 
of  America :  to  which  after  M'  Walpole  had  introduced,  &  made 
some  pertinent  Observations  on  the  Subject  in  general,  M' 
Wharton  spoake  next  for  several  Hours  &  replyed  distinctly  to 
each  perticular  Objection  ;  and  thro'  the  whole  of  the  Proceed- 
ings he  so  fully  removed  all  Lord  Hillsborough's  Objections,  and 
introduced  his  Proolb  with  so  much  Regularity,  and  made  his 
Observations  on  them  with  so  much  Propriety,  Deliberation  and 
Presence  of  Mind  j  that  fully  convinced  every  Lord  Present :  & 
gave  universal  Satisfaction  to  the  Gentlemen  oonceiiied  :  Ana 
I  must  say  it  gave  me  a  particular  Pleasure  to  Hear  an  Ameri- 
can &  a  Countryman  act  his  Part  so  well  before  such  a  Number 
of  great  Lords,  at  such  an  August  Board ;  And  I  now  have  the 
great  Pleasure  to  inform  you  that  their  Lordships  have  overruled 
Lord  Hillsborough's  Report,  &  have  reported  to  his  Majesty  in 
favour  of  M'  Wharton  &  his  Associates.    This  is  looked  upon 


THC  BIZ  VATIOM. 


479 


here  as  a  most  Extraordinary  Matter :  And  what  no  American 
ever  accomplished  before.  Indeed  no  one  from  America,  ever 
bad  so  much  Interest,  and  was  so  attended  to  by  the  great  Lords 
as  M'  Wharton,  cannot  conclude  without  doing  him  the  Jus- 
tice, of  saying,  that  lie  has  the  greatest  Jtespeot  for  you  &  in  all 
Companies  Speaks  in  the  highest  Manner  of  you,  and  in  Publick 
Companies  your  American  Friends  always  give  you  for  a  Toast 
&,  drink  your  Health  in  a  Bumper. 

Many  are  the  Places  of  Intertainment  &  Curiosities  in  London 
which  Delight  &  amuse  the  mind,  Renalgh,  Vauxhall  &  Mary- 
bone  Gardens  hold  the  foremost  Rank  for  Splendor  &  Eligance. 
St  Pauls  Church  the  Palaces  of  New  Kensington  S^  James's  & 
Hampton  the  Mension  House,  London  &,  West-Minster  Bridges 
&  Westminster  Abbey  Strike  the  Mind  of  the  Beholder  with  an 
agreeable  Sense  of  Grandeur  &  Magnificence. 

I  spent  some  Days  in  viewing  the  Monuments  in  Westminster 
Abbey  &  taking  olT  some  of  the  Inscriptions  in  a  Journal. 
amoQgs  the  rest  I  viewed  with  particular  Attention,  a  magnifi- 
cent Monument  of  white  Marble  erected  to  the  Memory  of  that 
Gallant  Admiral,  your  Uncle,  Sir  Peter  Warren  :  done  by  the 
Masterly  Hand  of  Rubiliao;  close  by  the  Wall  is  a  lai^  flag 
hanging  to  a  Flag-Sta£f,  k  spreading  in  natural  Folds  behind  the 
whole  Monument.  Before  is  a  fine  Figure  of  Hercules  placing 
Sir  Peter's  Bust  on  its  Pedestal ;  &  on  the  other  Side  is  a  Figure 
of  Navigation,  with  a  Laurel- Wreath  in  her  Hand,  gazing  on  the 
Bttit  with  a  Look  of  Admiration  ;  behind  her  a  Cornu-Copia 
pours  out  Fruit,  Com,  Money,  a  Fleece  &o  And  by  it  is  a  Can- 
non and  a  lable  folding  very  naturaly  over  an  Anchor  &  many 
other  Decorations. 

As  it  is  a  Time  of  Profound  Peace.  And  we  have  no  News 
here  I  beg  leave  to  eonelude  with  asking  your  Pardon  fot  the 
Pndixity  of  this  Letter,  pray  give  my  Compliments  to  Sir  John 
Johnson,  Col  Claus  &  Lady  Coi  Johnson  &  Lady,  &  all  enquiring 
Friends  &  Receive  this  tho'  tedious  in  good  Part  from 
Dear  &  Worthy  Sir 

Your  Friend  &  Welwisher  Sincerely. 

Wm  Hanma. 

To  Sir  William  Johnson.  .-i-y  *»  ^-i 


'■i  •'  tF 


.  .t1f 


'» 


.'  *' 


i»,^^t  t  M' 


hi,    Li  \    ' 


480 


PAPEBS  RELATING  TO 


BEVD  WM.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHKSON. 

Sir, 

To  obviate  some  peculiar  Disadvantages,  under  which  I 
labour  in  my  present  Situation,  I  made  personal  Application  to 
You  lately  for  the  Mission  at  Johnstown; — ^not  but  that  I  had 
turned  my  views  that  Way  a  considerable  Time  past, — only  I 
was  prevented  by  some  Circumstances,  which  till  then  had  not 
determined  me.  However,  that  there  is  now  a  Prospect  of 
having  shortly  a  Gentleman  qualified,  from  Representation,  to 
supply  tliat  Place,  gives  me  much  Satisfaction  ;  And  I  make  no 
Doubt,  from  the  Character  given  of  him,  that  his  Abilities  and 
good  sense  will  enable  him  to  periform  his  ministerial  Duty,  in 
such  a  Manner,  as  to  prove  beneficial  to  all  the  good  People  whom 
he  purposes  serving. 

-  I  return  you  sincere  Thanks  for  your  kind  Wishes,  and  Ex- 
pressions of  Consolation.  But  the  very  Thing  which  enables 
me  to  continue  in  this  Mission,  is  the  Grievance  I  complain  of: 
For  my  constant  Attendance  on  the  School,  prevents  me  from 
paying  that  Attention  to  my  Congregation  which  I  cou'd  really 
wish,  and  from  my  being  obliged  to  write  two  Discourses  every 
Week  1  am  confined  from  taking  tliat  Recreation  which  I  find 
my  Health  requires. 

Indeed,  when  I  offered  myself  for  that  Mission,  it  was  not 
from  a  Presumption  that  I  shou'd  have  perfectly  answered  the 
Description  given,  but  truly  from  higher  Motives,  which  I  trust 
in  God,  will  always  influence  me  to  do  my  Duty  with  that  con- 
tinual steady  care,  that  my  Station  requires.  Avoiding,  at  the 
same  time,  the  Levities  which  my  Age  might  incline  me  to 
indulge,  and  the  Gloominess  that  frequently  attends  our  Cloth. 

As  therefore  it  may  be  impossible  to  gratify  my  Wishes,  I  can 
only  say,  that  I  shall  always  be  happ>  in  testifying  my  Gratitude 
to  you,  4  shew  it  by  my  WiUingnesis  to  officiate  there  occasion- 
ally, 'till  a  Missionary  is  settled. 

Believe  me  I  am  in  Sincerity,  i 

Schenectady.  23<i  Sir,  your  affectionate 

July.  1772.      .  and  very  obedient  Servant, 

The  Hon''ie  Sir  William  Johnson  Bar'.  Wm.  Andrews. 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


481 


"'"■  'i'ii 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  DR.  BURTON, 

RESPECTING   THE  REV.   MR.   MOSELEY 

Johnson  hall  Oct'  2d  1772. 


Sir, 

It  is  now  a  considerable  time  since  I  had  the  pleasure  of 
writing  to,  or  of  hearing  from  you,  and  the  veneralJe  Society  j- 
a  Variety  of  business,  together  with  my  bad  state  of  health,  &, 
the  want  of  any  thing  very  material,  was  the  occasion  of  this, 
omission  of  my  part. 

I  have  now  to  acquaint  you  that  finding  no  prospect  of  getting 
the  Mission  at  Johnstown  near  this  place  supplied  from  Europe, 
an  English  Gentleman  M'Rich*i  Mosely'  In  Orders,  who  Isttely 
came  to  this  Continent  in  a  Man  of  War,  &  was  nominated  to  a 
Missiou  in  New  England  has  been  strongly  recommended  to  me 
for  this  place,  he  appears  to  me  to  be  a  Good  kind  of  Man  &  I 
have  accordingly  accepted  of,  and  Signified  to  him  what  I  can 
contribute  in  addition  to  the  Societys  Allowance,  with  which  he 
has  accorded,  &  is  to  enter  upon  his  Duties  imediately.  I  must 
therefore  beg  Leave  to  recommend  him  to  the  approbation  of  the 
Society ;  upon  this  occasion  I  ought  to  observe  that  the  Missions 
established  at  £40  Ster  p  Ann,  are  found  by  Experience  in  tliis 
Country  inadequate  in  the  present  age.  Some  of  these  in  the  old 
Settlements,  near  the  Sea,  where  the  Circumstances  &  Inclinations 
of  the  People  are  more  favor  ible,  may  enable  a  Missionary  to 
live  tolerably  well,  but  here  where  the  People  who  are  not  of  the 

1 "  In  1772,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Mozley,  a  Missionary  from  the  Society  for  the  Pro- 
pagation  of  the  Gospel,  at  Litchfield,  Conn.,  was  presented  by  tho  grand  jury  for 
marrying  a  couple  belonging  to  his  parish  after  the  bann^  were  duly  published  and 
consent  of  parents  obtained.  The  court  mildly  fined  Mr.  Mozley  20/.  because  he 
could  not  show  any  other  license  to  officiate  as  a  clergyman  than  what  he  had 
received  from  the  Bishop  of  London,  whose  authority  the  court  determined  did 
not  extend  to  Connecticut,  which  was  a  chartered  government.  One  of  the 
Judges  said,  '  It  is  high  time  to  put  a  stop  to  the  usurpations  of  the  Bishop  of 
London,  and  to  let  him  T;noWj  that  though  his  license  be  lawful,  and  may  em- 
power one  of  his  curates  to  marry  in  England,  yet  it  is  not  so  in  America;  and 
if  lines  would  not  curb  them  in  this  point,  imprisonment  should.'  (Peter't  Conn. 
148.)  On  expcrieRcing  this  rude  treatment  Mr.  Mozley  removed  to  Johnstown, 
whither  ?0  families  from  New-England,  all  dissenters,  followed,  and  settled  within 
fifteen  miles  of  him .    He  left  Johnstown  in  the  spring  of  1 774 .     Ed.  '--\ 

Vol.  IV.  31 


l'^ 


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I-, 

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f. 

'  »■        .  . 

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V:>. 


I 


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■■<Y...v^   I  I'M  HI  |*j*r.  . 


4d3 


PAPERS   RELATING  TO 


'i«. 


Low  Dutch  Communion  are  New  Settlers,  &  poor,  the  contribu- 
tions are  as  trifling  as  they  are  utaceitain ;  This  has  occasioned 
the  Rev  J  M'  Andrews  at  Schenectady,  to  have  recourse  to  the 
keeping  a  School  with  which  addition  to  his  income,  as  lie  writes 
me  he  is  notable  to  take  care  of  his  Family.  In  short  the  state 
of  this  part  of  the  Country  is  not  thorouglily  known  in  Hurope 
It  is  an  Extensive  &  most  valuable  Tract  in  which  the  Majority 
of  the  Settlements,  and  the  Church  of  England  are  in  their 
Infancy,  but  such  an  Inj'ancy  as  affords  the  most  flattering  hopes 
If  properly  nourished  it  improved  for  a  little  time. 

The  Rev^  M'  Munro  at  Albany,  after  struggling  with  many 
difficulties  has  a  Good  Congregation,  and  acts  with  much  Dili- 
gence, and  Discretion.  I  have  already  mentioned  M'  Andrew's 
situation  M'  Stuart  at  the  Mohawks  is  much  esteemed  and 
regularly  attended  by  the  Indians,  besides  which  he  has  added  to 
the  Number  of  Whites  of  his  Congregation,  and  the  School  is 
very  promising  he  sometimes  visits  the  Conajoharees,  bst  M' 
Hall  has  long  since  declined  coming  to  that  place,  and  I  can  hear 
of  no  other  to  supply  it,  so  that  that  necessary  Church  built 
entirely  at  my  own  expence  is  in  a  great  measure  useless. 

The  Church  at  Johnstown,  (now  the  Capital  of  Tryon  County^ 
having  been  found  too  small,  I  rebuilt  it  last  year  of  Stone  at 
my  own  Expence,  much  larger  than  the  former,  and  from  the 
Increase  of  people  M'  Mosely  will  have  a  very  large  Congrega- 
tion. The  School  there  is  extremely  promising,  and  increases 
fast,  86. 

Rev  D' Burton  ^   :.  .   ;  .  ■    ,   ,  , 


REV.  DAVID  JONES'  LETTERS  OF  ORDINATION. 

The  Associated  churches  of  Jesus  Christ,  the  son  of  God  and 
coequal  with  the  Almighty  Father,  the  great  Creator  of  all  things 
in  lu'aven,  earth,  and  seas  who  are  particularly  distinguished  in 
America,  in  those  territories  bordering  on  the  Sea,  and  under 
the  Sovereignity  and  Dominion  of  oitr  great  and  good  Father 


■  -^.  .H  -11 


THE  SIX  NATIOKSk 


483 


George  the  third  king  of  Gr^ft  Brittain,  France  and  Ireland. 
The  Philadelphian  AssociAt  ion. 

To  all  christian  People  and  our  brethren  the  native  inhabitants 
of  America,  whose  eternal  happiness  we  long  for,  as  the  reason- 
able Creatures  of  the  alwise  Gw-ator,  whoso  exalted  felicity  the 
creat  Lord  of  altliiags  purposes  to  accomplish  to  shew  forth  his 
own  Glory  and  Power.  Wliere  ever  this  may  come  Send  Greet- 
ing and  our  christian  Salutation. 

First  with  all  truth  and  faithfulness  We  declare  and  affirm. 
That  tliis  associati(»i  now  met  on  the  thirteenth,  fourteen  and 
fifteen  days  October  in  the  year  of  Christ  1772.  Is  the  said 
Pliiladelphian  association  wliich  was  first  formed  in  the  city  of 
Philadelphia  Anno  Domini  1707,  and  hath  constantly  met  year 
by  year  and  every  year  since  either  in  Philadelphia  aforesaid  or 
in  the  city  of  New-York,  as  the  same  liath  been  adjourned  or 
previously  appointed. 

Next  we  declare  and  make  known.  That  this  association  at 
this  time  consists  of  forty  christian  churches,  all  situate  within 
the  several  Provinces  of  Pennsilvania,  Maryland,  East  and  West 
New  Jerseys  and  New-York.  All  regularly  constituted,  ordered 
and  governed  according  to  the  Will  of  God,  as  revealed  to  us  in 
his  Word,  That  only  we  endeavor  to  make  the  rule  of  our  Faith 
and  Practice,  in  all  religious  concerns. 

And  further,  We  do  declare  and  testifte  That  the  bearer  hereof 
David  Jones  aged  about  thirty  six  years  of  age,  about  five  feel 
ten  inches  in  hight  of  a  spare  habit  of  body,  is  at  this  time  the 
regulai'  ordaind  Pastor  of  the  baptist  church  of  Jesus  Christ  in 
Upper  Ffreehold  in  the  county  of  Munmouth,  within  the  province 
of  East  New  Jersey.  And  that  he  is  in  full  and  comfortable 
comraunion  in  his  said  church.  And  that  the  said  church  is  in 
good  love  and  tellowship  with  this  assocktion,  as  it  hath  con- 
stantly been  for  several  years  past. 

And  lastly  We  do  declare  and  certifie,  That  at  the  especial 
request  and  motion  of  our  dearly  beloved  and  highly  esteemed 
brother  David  Jones  aad  his  representation  of  his  benevolent  and 
fervent  longing  desire  for  the  promulgation  of  the  gospel  of  a 
dear  Redeemer,  and  the  salvation  of  the  iraortal  souls  of  his 
native  countrymen,  the  several  Tribes  of  Indians.    He  is  now 


-ij': 


484 


PAFEKS  RKLATINO  TO 


'^t 


mm  ■■  fi' 


'»• '  I,' 
^  #1 


purposing  to  imploj  the  principH  part  of  the  ensuing  winter 
amongst  the  inhabitants  on  the  West  side  of  the  river  Oliio.  as 
God  shall  give  him  strength,  abillity  and  opportunity.  Tor  the 
furtherance  of  tliis  his  most  christian  undertaking,  we  wish  him 
god-speed  and  take  our  present  leave  of  him  praying  with  him 
and  for  him,  that  the  Almighty  Potentate  of  heaven,  earth  and 
seas  will  preserve,  protect  and  defend  him  from  all  evil  and  dan- 
ger ;  Tliat  he  will  own  and  bless  his  endeavors  to  promote  the 
final  happyness  of  immortal  souls ;  And  that  at  his  return  to  Iii& 
endearing  family,  his  church  and  us,  we  shall  be  comforted  by 
the  glad  tidings  of  your  receiving  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  in 
the  love  of  it,  submiting  to  the  Ordinances  of  the  word  of  God  • 
and  living  suitable  and  holy  lives  becoming  the  disciple,  and 
such  wlio  have  been  redeemed  by  the  precious  and  divine  blood 
of  the  Son  of  God.  Signed  by  our  order  in  full  Association  New 
York  the  1 5«»  of  Octo'  1 772. 

A  Copy  Abel  Morgan  Moderator 

Jame»  Manning  Clerk. 


Hi  ' 


,11        -^1*1 


V.   I 


t4«Ni 


It. 


REVD  HARRY  MUNRO  TO  SIR  WK  JOHNSON. 

Honourable  Sir, 

[As]  M^  Mosely  is  in  a  hurry  to  leave  Town,  T  have  just  time 
to  Salute  you  &  family  in  the  most  cordial  &  respectful  manner; 
assuring  you  at  the  same  time,  that  no  Distance  of  time  or 
(place]  Shall  ever  efface  those  Sentiments  of  Friendship  &  Grati- 
tude I  f  shall]  always  retain  for  you.  I  have  been  lately  in  New 
York,  where  I  collected  one  hundred  Pounds  among 
friends  &  Connections,  for  our  poor  Church  at  Albany,  which 
uow  makes  a  decent  appearance;  The  old  windows  being  taken 
down,  &  new  Sashes  put  in  their  place.  The  inside  also  is 
[altered]  for  the  Better;  &  peace  6c  harmony  generally  prevails 
amongst  us;  Notwithstanding  [the]  malicious  Efforts  of  a  certain 
Cabal  [to]  disturb  our  Tran^juility,  S'  Peter's  [Church]  main- 
tains lier  ground,  &  5ncr«^ases  [in]  numbers. 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


485 


I  have  sent  [you]  an  Abstroct  for  the  present  year  [wherej 
you  will  find  an  excellent  Sermon  preached  by  D'  Moss.  The 
Clergy  at  New  York  desire  their  respectful  Comp»«  to  you.  The 
Fund  for  Clergymens  widows  goes  on  Successfully;  having 
[lately]  received  a  present  of  Two  hundred  [pounds]  Sterling 
^m  Barbadoes.  I  sincerely  congratulate  you  on  the  appoint- 
ment of  your  new  Chaplin  Sc  [Missionary,]  with  my  most  hearty 
wishes  that  he  may  answer  your  purpose,  &  [in  all]  respects  pro- 
mote your  good  and  [pious]  Design. 

The  Bev*  D'  B[urton]  is  to  resign,  &  one  Df  Hide  is  to  [be] 
appointed  Sectary  next  Christmass.  The  Propriety  &  Expedi- 
ency of  sending  Bishops  to  America  is  now  the  general  Topic 
of  Conversation  in  England. 

Our  Governor  has  been  extremely  ill,  but  is  now  recovere:': 
&  gone  to  Philada. 

That  the  Almighty  may  long  preserve  your  Life  in  [health] 
&  happiness,  as  a  Blessing  to  [your]  family,  &  to  this  Country  in 
general  are  the  ardent  wishes  and  hearty  prayer  of 
Hou'''e  Sir  your  most  obliged 

most  obedient  &  most  humble  Servant 
•  u. , '  Habry  Munbq. 

Albany  124"  Nov'  1772.  '  - . 

To  Sir  William  [Johnson.]  t-  *    v  ?! 


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REV.  MR.  GRAVES  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 


Hon"  Sir. 

Permit  me  to  embrac.  tliis  Opportunity  of  congratulating  you  & 
all  y«  Friends  of  oux  established  Religion  upon  y^  Arrival  & 
Settlement  of  ye  worthy  M'  Mosely,  who,  tho'  despis'd  by  y« 
pious  Novanglians,  vill,  I  dc ubt  not,  be  respected  by  y«  humble, 
&  sincere  Johnstoni>>ns.  I  heartily  wish  a  lasting  Unanimity 
may  prevail  betweenn  him  &  his  Audience,  &  y*  he  will  fully 
answer  y*  Designs  of  his  Venerable  Patrons.  As  he  is  a  stranger;i 
I  have  presum'd  to  give  him  i^y  Advice  &  Directions. 


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486 


PAPEiis  bxlathiq  to 


I  am  sorry  y  Society  have  been  ill  advis'd  by  a  certain  Lawyer 
Id  *lie8e  Parts  about  40  Acres  of  Land,  ^iven  by  y«  Indians  of 
r.arraganset  to  y«  Society  for  encouraging  our  Religion  among 
them  in  y«  very  words  following — ^"  I  Geo.  Ninegret  Chief  & 
Prince  of  y*  Narreganset  Indians  &c  for  securing  &  selling  y« 
Service  &  worship  of  y«  church  of  Sngland  among  them  Imve 
■given  &c  to  y«  Use  of  y«  Society  for  propagating  y«  Gospel  In 
foreign  Parts  for  evermore  40  Acres  (&  whereon  y«  church  of 
England  now  stands)  butted  &o."  An  attested  Co{^  of  y^  Deed 
I  sent  to  ye  Society,  who  having  consulted  M'Honeyman  of  Rode 
Island,  were  told,  y«  Land  was  given  for  a  resident  Minister,  (tho' 
there's  no  such  word  in  y«  Deed)  &  so  have  dropt  this  right,  & 
y«  Land  is  &  has  been  occupied  by  one  Coll  Champlaift,  who  hag 
thrown  down  y«  church  &  buiit  a  Tavern  w'^  it.  Tlie  Land  is 
worth  about  20  Doll,  p  Ann.  Now  if  y«  Society  wou'd  autliorize 
me,  I  wou'd  serve  him  w**"  an  Eject  ioent,  &  if  I  lost  y«  suit,  it 
^hou'd  be  at  my  cost— if  I  recover'd  it,  they  shou'd  pay  me& 
\%i  me  have  y«  Land  for  a?,tending  tlio«e  poor  Indians,  who 
wou'd  rejoice  under  my  Msiiistry.  I  wish  you  wou'd  condescend 
CO  weigh  this  affair.  Y^^ishing  you  all  Happiness  in  Time  & 
Et^nity,  I  presume  to  subscribe  myself, 

Y'  Honor's  •  ^  t 

New  London  March  .  most  obedient,  humJ*  Se^v* 

12th  1773  Matt  Graves' 

T  wish  y«  Trustees  in  England  had  a  faitliful  narrative  of 
D'  Whee^iir's  &c. 

1  Re.  Matthew  Graves  a  native  of  England,  took  charge  of  the  Episcopal 

church  at  Kew  London,  as  Missionary  from  die  Soc:  for  Prop:  the  Gospel,  in 

tbf-  year  1715.    He  continued  to  officiate  in  that  parish  until  1778,  when  he  was 

requested  to  forego  the  usual  prayer  for  the  King.    Ihis  he  refused  to  do,  and  in 

consequence  he  was  tl'i"en  frrip  his  church  one  Sunday  after  reading  this  obnox- 

iou3  part  of  the  Liturjjy.  So  suddenly  v:m  tho  attack,  that  he  Imd  not  time  to  divest 

.'hiinself  of  his  Burplic?,  in  which  ke  flq^  Jithe  house  of  a  pariihioner,  who  though 

ft  warm  Whig,  protected  him  from  violence.    Notwithstanding  public  service  was 

thus  suspended,  Mr.  Graves  remained  in  New  London  until  the  following  years, 

subjected  to  many  straits,  "  during  which  for  the  support  of  his  family,  lie  has 

been  obliged  to  aell  almost  all  his  property  and  to  take  up  money  en  very  di!>. 

ifantagoous  terms."    He  withdrew  to  New  York  in  which  city  he  died  unmarried, 

.  In  1780.    In  person  he  was  ungainly;  of  low  stature,  rather  corpulent,  with 

"particularly  short  legs.    His  brother  John,  was  minister  of  the  Episcopal  church 

at  Providence  R.  1.  where  he  died  iu  Not.  1785.  Updike's  Hist.  NarrusanultCh, 


»> 


THS  SIX  NATIONS. 


487 


COL.  BABCOCK  TO  REV.  DR.  COOPER, 

05  THE    SUBJECT    OF    ESTABLISHING   AN    ACADEMY    IN  THE  INDIAN 

OOUNTaV. 

Stonington  11th  Aug*  1773.   \ 
BeT<i  &  Dear  Sir 

I  now  set  down  to  write  to  you,  upon  an  affair  that  appears  to 
me  of  the  utmost  Consequence. — must  confess  I  am  somewhat 
aJ  a  Loss,  in  what  manner  to  address  myself  to  You — but  pr^ 
sailing  upon  our  former  Intimacy,  and  Acquaintance,  and  that 
Friendship  wliich  you  have  honoured  me  with,  shall  without 
any  farther  Preface,  beg  leave  to  say,  that  I  have  long  resolved 
in  my  mind,  a  chauge  of  the  manner  of  my  Life,  and  have  had 
serious  tho'ts  of  Quitting  Agriculture,  tho  a  very  pleasing  and 
most  agreeable  kind  of  Life;  and  going  Home  to  Great  Britain 
in  order  to  take  a  Gound,  with  a  view  of  founding  a  Seminary 
npon  the  Episcopal  Plan,  amongst  the  Six  Nations  of  Indians, 
under  the  Patronage  of  Sir  William  Johnson — I  communicated 
this  affair  to  my  Father  some  month  ago,  and  had  he  approved 
of  it,  should  have  immediately  set  off  for  Johnson  Hall  to  have 
laid  the  affair  before  that  truly  great  man  Sir  William,  who  I 
cant  help  thinking  Providence  permitted  to  settle  in  this  Country 
with  a  Design  of  liis  Christianizing  those  numerous  Nations  of 
Sayages,  over  which  he  has  liad,  &  stil  has  such  a  surprising 
Influence,  and  both  the  last  War,  and  the  War  before  improved 
tliem  in  military  Life;  so  much  both  for  the  Interests  of  the 
€rown  of  G  Britain,  and.  the  particular  advantage  of  the  Colo- 
nies, witness  the  Engagement  he  had  with  Baron  Dieskau  on 
the  8**>  Septf  1775,  (a  Day  I  shall  ever  have  great  Reason  to 
remember  for  I  lost  19  men  that  morning  out  of  GO  that  were 
under  my  Command)  an  action  so  important  in  its  Consequences 
as  any  tliat  ever  happened  to  this  Country,  from  the  first  Settle- 
ment of  it  to  the  present  Day — ^liad  the  Baron  succeeded  in  his 
attempt  against  Sir  W™  this  Country,  at  least  great  Part  of  it, 
would  have  been  deluged  in  Blood  &  Slaughter;  &  sucli  Scenes 
of  Horror  &  Distress  would  'nave  ensued,  as  would  shock  the 
Ear  of  the  most  obdurate  Wretch. — General  Braddock  being 
defiiated  at  Monongahela,  and  the  army  under  his  Command 


?»>■,.■» 


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488 


PAPERS   RELATIMO   TO 


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almost  cut  to  Pieces.  One  third  killed,  one  third  Wounded 
und  one  third  run  away  which,  as  (Jen'  Bnrton  who  was  lu  the 
action  afterwards  assured  me,  was  as  near  the  Truth  of  the 
matter  as  he  could  relate.  Gen'  Shirley  at  that  Time  was  at 
Oswego.  The  City  of  Albany  would  have  instantly  fallen  a 
sacrifize  to  that  very  enterprizing  General  the  Baron  who  was  a 
very  great  Favourite  of  the  very  celebrated  Marshal  Sase,  and 
by  him  strongly  recommended  to  the  French  king,  as  one  of  the 
best  Officers  of  his  Rank,  in  all  his  roost  Christian  Majestys 
Forces.  He  at  jthe  Time  of  Marshal  Saxes  Death  was  a  Col"  of 
of  a  Reg*  of  Infantry  and  Lieu*  Col"  of  Saxes  Reg»  of  Horse. 
The  Baron  very  justly  observed  that  had  he  won  the  Day,  in  that 
action  be  would  have  easily  cut  off  nil  Supplys  from  Gen' 
Shirley  and  who  of  Course  must  of  Necessity  submitted  to  any 
Terms  the  Baron  would  have  please'd  to  impose.  The  6* 
Nations,  had  Sir  W™  been  defeated  undoubtedly  would  have 
joyned  the  Baron — And  the  City  of  New  York  would  have  been 
the  Barons  Head  Quarters — But  thanks  be  to  God  all  indulgent 
Heaven,  did  not  think  proper  to  devote  this  Country  to  Ruin. 
The  Services  that  S'  W™  Johnson  has  done  in  this  Country 
are  infinitely  more  tit  for  a  Vol"  than  that  of  a  Letter  but  I  cant 
help  thinking  that  his  most  valuable  and  very  important  Life  is 
still  reserved  by  Almighty  God  for  the  most  noble  of  Purposes- 
I  acquainted  Sir  W™  that  I  proposed  laying  the  Matter  before 
you,  and  of  my  desiring  you  to  communicate  the  affair  to  Doc 
Auchmuty,  M'  Inglis,  &  M'  Ogilviee  and  if  the  good  Rector  and 
the  rest  of  the  veiy  respectable  Clergy  of  your  City  should 
approve  of  the  thing  and  would  allow  of  Contributions  being 
given  in  their  Churches  on  a  Christmas  Day  or  any  other  Time 
that  would  be  tho't  most  Proper,  which  from  their  Example 
might  and  I  verily  believe  would  become  general  throughout  the 
Colonies;  by  which  means  a  larg  Fund  might  be  established  for 
the  Purpose  of  founding  a  Seminary  amongst  the  6  Nations. 
which  after  a  regular  and  well  digested  Plan  might  be  laid 
before  the  Public  by  S""  William  who  you  are  sensible  is  extream- 
ly  capable  of  doing  it;  who  assured  me  at  Amagnnseth  Long 
Island  from  whence  I  am  just  returned  after  having  had  the 
great  Pleasure  &  satisfaction  of  spending  near  a  Week  with  Sir 


TIIE  SIX  NATIONS. 


489 


W"  and  his  Nephew  M""  Dease  a  regular  bred  Physician  who 
Ijesides  the  Advantages  of  a  very  genteel  &  learned  Education 
in  Ireland  has  studied  under  the  most  able  Professors  in  France 
for  5  yeais  tliere  are  two  other  G«n  in  S'  Williams  Retenue  viz  M' 
Daily  a  very  genteel  well  bred  Person,  and  M'  Adams  who  has 
been  with  S'  W*"  ever  since  his  first  coming  to  America.  The 
good  Baronite  observed  that  if  your  answer  to  my  Letter  which 
(shall  communicate  to  him,  agreeable  to  his  desire)  should  it 
succeed,  agreeable  to  my  Wishes  (and  should  ineei.  with  tliat 
favourable  Reception  tliat  I  flatter  my  self  it  will,)  He  would 
push  tlie  affair  with  Gov^  Tryon,  Gov«"  Franklin,  &  Gov'  Pennto 
his  utmost  all  three  of  the  Gov*  I  am  well  assured  would  take 
very  particular  Pleasure  in  obliging  S'^  W""  out  of  a  personal 
Regard  to  him  and  S'  William  ml^^ht  with  the  utmost  Propriety 
ask  it  as  tliose  very  Indians  have  been  by  his  Influence  over 
them  the  means  not  only  of  saving  this  Country  but  of  Con- 
quering Canada.  I  observed  farther  to  Sir.  W"»  that  it  would  be 
the  means  of  expediting  the  sending  of  a  filsliop  into  America 
who  assured  me  nothing  could  [afiford]  him  greater  Pleasure; 
and  that  lie  would  recommend  it  in  the  strongest  Manner  to  the 
Ministry  at  Home,  and  farther  very  justly  observed  that  there 
were  several  Gen"  in  orders  now  at  New  York  that  were  fit  to 
personate  the  Character  of  a  Bishop  and  would  be  made  no 
Doubt  do  Honor  to  the  exalted  Station,  and  who  knows  but 
that  the  Gentleman  is  now  in  your  City  (and  that  I  m^y 
have  the  Honor  of  being  his  Chaplain)  who  may  preside  in  some 
Measure  over  the  proposed  Seminary — much,  very  much  there- 
fore depends  upon  the  Resolution  the  good  Gentlemen  of  the 
Clei^y  in  your  City  shall  make  upon  this  occasion;  and  suffer 
me  to  say  it's  an  afifair  of  as  much  Consequence  as  ever  was 
laid  before  you  or  perhaps  ever  may  be — Why  may  not  Sir 
William  be  the  means  of  introducing  Learning  &  Religion 
amongst  the  Indians,  and  civilize  them  as  well  as  Peter  the 
Great  did  the  Muscovites  and  altho  S"*  W""  like  Solomon  has 
been  eminent  in  his  Pleasures  with  the  brown  Ladies,  yet  he 
may  lay  the  Foundation  of  a  Building  in  the  Mohawk  Country 
that  may  be  of  more  real  use,  than  the  very  splendid  Temple 
that  Solomon  built  and  I  dare  say  that  the  Queens  of  the  Sene- 


,'i     ' 


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490 


PAPKBS  BELaTIITG  TO 


-III---  i-M  '  >  '  A     \ 


cas,  Oneydas,  Pnondagoes,  Cayugas,  Tuscoraras,  &  Molmwlcs 
may  joyn  in  their  Observations  witli  the  Queen  of  Sheba  and 
with  the  same  Truth  say,  that  not  one  half  was  told  them. 

This  in  a  great  Measure  might  prevent  the  Prfsbyterians,  who 
are  tuclcing  and  squeezing  in  every  possible  Crevine  they  can 
their  Missionarys  amongst  the  Indians,  who  from  their  Solemnity, 
and  1)  igraceful  stiffness,  and  those  recluse  and  unsociable 
dejected,  Airs,  whicli  so  remarkably  distinguishes  those  splenetic 
&  frightened  Enthusiasts  :  for  while  these  are  continue^ ;  Piety 
is  quite  striped  of  it's  own  proper  Ornamentis,  and  assumes  the 
Habit  of  Craft  Vice  and  Illnature. — and  is  enough  to  prejudice 
the  Indians  against  the  sublime  Truths  of  the  Gospel. 

I  verily  believe  that  five  or  Six  Thousand  pounds  Sterling 
might  with  S'  W«n"  Influence  be  easily  raised  in  the  Colonies  and 
abundantly  more  in  England  and  Ireland  and  some  in  Scotland— 
and  altho  Sir  W^"  settled  the  Line  between  the  English  &  the 
Indians  in  the  year  1768  was  he  to  ask  grants  of  Lands  for  the 
above  purpose,  they  would  very  readily  give  large  Tracts  of 
Lands;  which  in  Time  would  make  it  not  only  the  richest 
Seminary  in  this  Country,  but  it  might  in  a  Century  or  two  vie 
with  any  in  Europe,  and  by  doing  this  Sir  W"*  will  add  to  the 
Character  of  the  great,  that  of  the  good  Man,  for  without  a  Com- 
pliment, we  may  very  justly  say  of  Sir  W«»  tliathe  is  remarkabJljr 
eminent  for  tho$e  virtues,  which  have  a  peculiar  nobleness  and 
Beauty  attending  them— He  is  ever  been  remarkable  for  a  firm 
Integrity  tliat  no  Temptations  can  corrupt,  for  a  disinterested 
Generosity  and  good  will  to  mankind,  for  a  Temper  of  Sympathy 
and  Friendsliip,  of  gentleness  and  condescention  and  to  enume- 
rate no  moTie  particukrs,  for  Modesty  (in  opposition  to  Ostenta- 
tion and  Arrogance,  which  while  it  declines  and  seems  least  fond 
of  Applause,)  is  generally  the  most  sure  of  obtaining  it— and  he 
is  possessed  of  those  easy  and  unaffected  Charms  of  a  very 
genteel  Peportment  which  strike  and  captivate  every  beholder 
which  makes  the  most  indifferent  of  his  Actions  not  only  tolera- 
ble but  even  graceful. — whereas  in  some,  particularly  in  a  certain 
Ajdmiral,  not  far  from  Boston,  who  for  the  most  part  has  a 
Stiffness,  Violence,  and  Rudeness  that  renders  even  the  best  of 
his  Actions  oG^^ye— I  am  very  confident  that  S'  William  would 


THX  BIX  NATIOM. 


491 


nlUfle  doing  a  Favour  with  an  infinitely  botler  grace  than 
^jdmiral  Montagu  would  confer  one.  but  I  must  confess  that  I 
jm  greatly  prejudiced  ogainst  M'  Montagu  for  wliich  1  liave  very 
good  Reason  and  therfure  will  say  no  more  about  him— I  shall 
vrite  to  Gov'  Franklin  myself  as  well  as  Gov'  Hutchinson  and 
Gov'  Wanton'  the  former  &  the  latter  I  have  the  honor  of  an 
intiaiate  Acquaintance  with  and  Govern'  Wanton  &  his  Son  who 
was  formerly  Lieu*  Governor  of  the  Colony  are  both  very  zealous 
Cburchnaen  and  who  I  am  very  confident  upon  an  application 
made  to  them  would  strongly  recommend  the  matter  to  the 
Clergy  of  Rhode  Island  and  would  themselves  contribute  very 
genteelly  to  so  useful,  so  noble,  so  godlike  »  ^*^sign— S^  William 
assured  me  that  I  might  make  use  of  his  n  .ipon  the  Occasion 
and  I  therefore  beg  that  you  would  lay  this  Matter  before  the 
Gen"  of  the  Cloth  in  your  city — And  I  should  be  extreamly 
happy  if  I  might  favoured  witli  an  Answer  before  S'  Williams 
Betiu-n  to  Johnson  HmII. 

.  Why  may  you  not  be  the  means  of  my  being  provided  for  as 
well  as  your  serving  my  Brother  Luke'  with  Col°  Philips — ^you 
■  <  ^^ 

1  For  a  Sketch  of  the  Wanton  family,  See  Updike's  Hitt.  of  the  NuragantHt 
Church.  295. 

2  Rev.  LuM  Badoock  was  the  youngest  son  of  Chief  Justice  Babcock,  of  Rhode 
Iiland  ;  he  was  born  about  1788.  He  graduated  at  Tale  College  in  1755,  and 
afterwards  commenced  the  study  of  divinity.  In  1771,  the  Bev.  Luke  Babcock 
was  recommended  by  the  clergy  of  New- York,  being  lately  ordained  by  the  Bi- 
rtiop  of  London  as  a  proper  person  for  a  Missionary,  and  Col.  Pbilipse  havii^.  ff< 
qaetted  that  the  mission  of  Philipsburgh,  formerly  filled  by  the  Bev.  Harry 
Munro,  should  be  renewed,  they  accordingly  appointed  Bev.  Luke  Babcock  to 
the  mission.  King's  Coll.  N.  Y.  conferred  the  degree  of  A.  M,  on  him  in  1774. 
On  the  breaking  ont  of  the  revolntion,  his  papers  were  examined,  and  because  be 
snswered  affirmatively  to  the  question,  whether  he  considered  himself  bound  by  his 
oath  of  allegiance  to  the  King,  he  was  deemed  an  enemy  to  the  liberties  of  Anae- 
rica,  and  ordered  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  detained  from  October,  1776,  to 
February,  1777.  Under  this  treatment  his  health  gave  way,  and  he  was  ordered 
to  romove  within  the  lines  of  the  King's  army,  "  He  got  home  in  a  raging  fever 
and  delirious,"  and  died  on  the  18th  of  February,  1777,  extremely  regretted. 
"  Indeed,  (says  Mr.  Seabury)  I  know  not  a  more  excellent  man,  and  I  fear  bis 
loss,  espficially  in  that  mission,  will  scarcely  be  made  up."  "  He  wils  not  only 
(adds  Mr.  Inglis)  exemplary  in  his  life  and  assiduous  in  his  pastoral  duty,  but 
distinguis!  od  by  his  steady  loyalty  and  warm  attachment  to  the  constitution  in 
Church  and  State."  His  remains  w^re  deposited  in  the  family  vault  of  the  Van 
Cortlandts.    By  his  wife,  Grace  Isaucs,.  a  cousin  of  Judge  Isaacs  of  New-Haven,  ha 


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WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MS80 

(716)  872-4SG3 


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4^ 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO 


may  possibly  imagine  that  a  person  who  has  had  such  remarkable 
Sallys  of  Intemperance  could  not  make  a  iserious  clergyman  but 
I  give  you  my  Honor  and  I  am  sure  you'l  believe  ine  that  for  14 
Montlispast  I  have  totally  abstained  from  Wine  and  Spirits  finding 
upon  repeated  Trial  that  there  is  something  li  my  Constitution 
that  at  present  will  not  bear  it. 

Be  80  good  as  to  let  me  hear  from  yoti  as  soon  as  you 
'  conveniently  can  upon  this  most  interesting  Subject  in  which 
the  Happiness  and  Usefulness  of  Thousands  ^et  unborn  may 'so 
much  depend 

I  am  with  the  utmost  Sincerity  &  Truth 
Revd  &  Dear  Sir 

Your  most  Obedient 

&  most  humble  Servant 
Bev^  M'  Miles  Cooper.  H.  Babcock" 

left  two  sons,  Gortlandt  and  Frederick;  the  latter  was  the  fkthcr  of  the  late  Mrs 
W.  L.  Morris,  of  Yonkers.  He  also  left  one  daughter,  Henrietta,  who  married 
a  Mr.  Richard  Saltonstal,  of  New- York.  There  is  a  fine  portrait  of  the  Rev 
Coke  Babcock  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Babcock,  of  St.  Marks  Place,  N.  y.  He 
is  represented  in  gown  and  bands,  his  head  reclining  on  his  right  arm,. which  rests 
upon  a  book.  Theris  is  something  extremely  calm  anu  placid  in  bis  cotintemuice 
e  >ire8ponding  with  his  benevolent  mind.    Bolton. 

1  Col.  Henbt  Baboock,  eldest  brother  of  the  Rer.  Lake  B.,  was  born  in  1736, 
entered  Yale  College  at  the  age  of  twelve,  and  took  his  degree  when  sixteen  year,i 
old.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  he  was  Captain  of  an  independent  company  of  infiu. 
try,  and  at  nineteen  marched  to  Albany,  thence  to  Lake  George,  where  lie  form- 
ed part  of  the  force  under  Col.  Williams,  which  was  defeated  by  Baron  Dieskan. 
He  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major  in  the  following  year ;  at  the  age  of  twenty- 
one  was  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  next  year  Colonel  of  the  R.  I.  regiment.  In 
1768  be  marched  600  men  with  the  army  against  Ticonderoga,  where  he  had  110 
'  men  killed  and  wounded.  He  himself  received  a  musket  ball  in  the  knee.  He 
was  afterwards  at  the  capture  of  the  same  fort  by  Gren.  Amherst.  In  1761,  lie 
went  to  England,  where  he  spent  a  year,  and  soon  after  his  return  married  and 
■ettled  at  Stonington,  Conn.,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  the  law.  [It  seems 
by  the  above'Ietter,  he  was  desirous  to  enter  orders.  Wc  find  him  aftervards 
engaged  in  the  Lake  Superior  copper  speculations.]  When  the  revolution  brolce 
out,  he  Jo' ned  the  whig  party,  and  in  1776  was  appointed  by  the  Legislature 
commander  of  the  forces  at  Newport.  He  was  a  man  of  fine  person,  accom- 
plished m'anners,  commanding  voice,  and  an  eloquent  speaker.    Ufsiki. 


«. 


TUB  SIX  NATIONtiJ-r 


498 


REV.  MR.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir, 
My  Health,  has  really  suffered  so  much  of  late  from  constant 

Conflnement  to  a  School,  &  fjQom  my  Attention  to  the  Mission, 

that  I  have,  by  the  Advic;e  of  V"  Constable,  been  obliged  to 

jnake  an  Excursion  abroad  for  the  Recovery  of  it.    A  principal 

Inducement  to  undertake  this,,  was  the  Arrival  of  a  Clergyman 

at  Schenectady,*  who  kindly  offered  to  supply  my  Place,  shou'd 

I  absent  myself.  '  The  care  of  the  School  I  have  committed  to  a 

Person  of  Capacity, 

When  I  left  home,  I  had  an  Intention  of  taking  the  Liberty 
of  waiting  upon  you,  &  presenting  myself  as  a  fit  Object  of  your 
further  Reoommendation.  With  this  View,  I  went  to  Sir  John, 
a  few  Days  before  my  Departure,  that  I  might,  if  not  improper, 
learn  where  you  was  to  be  found;  also  upon  my  Return  I  com- 
municated my  Designs  to  Colonel  Johnson,  who  promised  from 
himself  to  second  my  Application.  Whose  Letter,  I  trust,  on 
thisHead  you  will  have  received  by  this  Time. 

You  may  recollect.  Sir,  that  I  applied  to  you  on  the  same 
occasion  last  Winter,  when  I  was  apprehensive  my  Constitution 
cou'd  not  undergo  the  Servitude  of  a  Mission  &  School  together. 
My  Suspicions  have  been  verified  much  to  the  Prejudice  of  my 

■  ■  .         '  .         ■'.''■■■  ■  .     ■  ■  i 

1  Rer  JoBH  DouOBTT  (a.)  This  gentleman  who  Is  sapposed  to  have  belonged 
to  Westchester,  graduated  at  King's  (now  Oolumbia)  College  in  1770,  after  which 
he  went  to  England  where  be  was  ordained  for  the  church  at  Peekskill.  Ho 
mored,  however,  to  Schenectady,  as  above  stated,  to  which  place  he  was  appoint* 
ed  in  1773  at  the  request  of  the  Wardens  and  Vestry.  In  1776,  divine  service 
ms  suspended  in  his  church,  on  account  of  the  troubles  and  he,  himself,  became 
tlw  object  of  much  harsh  treatment.  He  was  taken  prisoner  twice,  and  at  length 
deemed  it  prudeqt,  in  the  fall  of  1777,  to  apply  for  liberty  to  remove  to  Canada 
wliich  he  obtained.  He  thereupon  proceeded  to  Montreal  where  he  was  appointed 
Ciuplain  to  his  Majesty's  Royal  regiment  of  New  York.  When  he  left,  his  con* 
gregation  at  Schenectady  numbered  only  69,  exclusive  of  slaves.  Of  those  12 
vere  communicants.  In  1780,  the  number  was  reduced  to  27  white  adults.  He 
continued  in  Montreal  until  October  1781  when  ho  repaired  to  England.  He 
returned  to  Canada  12  June  1781,  having  been  appointed  Missionary  at  Sorel. 

•  la  the  Sodaty's  abetracta  the  name  is  spolt  "  Doty,"  we  rappoee  from  the  pronimda- 
fi«B.   It  Is  prbted  «  Doughty"  in  the  Catalogue  of  Colombia  Coll. 


■  r'l 


!  ■    ?. 


«     * 


i-4! 


4MI 


PAMM  UXjATIVO  VO 


m 


health,  Exercise  &  a  Change  of  Air  are  the  only  Expedients 
prescribed  f<a  the  Recovery  of  it,  which  I  now  intend  ei^oying 
in  such  a  Manner,  as  my  Circumstances  will  afford.  But  shou'd 
I  ever  recover,  &  return  to  the  same  Duties,  a  Relapse  probably 
ending  in  a  Consumption  wou'd  be  the  &tal  Consequence. 

The  Venerable  Society's  Bounty,  k  an  uncertain  Subserlptioik 
which  is  daily  lessening  by  the  Removal  of  some  of  the  Congte- 
gallon  to  the  Country,  is  a  very  insufficient  Support  for  a  Family 
at  SelMneetady,  &  more  so  as  fibuse-rent  must  be  deducted  from 
HMt  PktaDce. 

These  Cireumstaaees  vwhen  combined  togeitlier,  wffl  dearfy 
evince  the  Hardships  I  labor  under,  &  render,  I  hope,  my  conduct 
justiflaUe  ib  the  Eyes  of  the  Society,  &  of  the  People.  And 
more  particuliarly  so,  as  I  shall  Mgage  not  to  relinquish  the 
Missioa  'till  it  is  pix>perly  supplied)  and  nod  even  then  without 
year  Approbadon. 

This  Gtentlemao  who  now  officiates  in  my  Room,  is  personally 
known  to  Colan^  Johnson,  &  I  believe  wou'd,  if  agreeable  to 
you  k  the  l*edi^  accept  the  Miesioii.  He  is  A  Relation  of  Mr. 
Ellices.    A  Person  of  good  Abilities)  4t  a  fiiir'Charaeter. 

Now  shou'd  you  ohoose  to  favor  ma  with  reeommendato^ 
Letters  to  the  Southward  to  such  of  yoor  Acqnaiotanees  as  yon 
thought  proper  <m  this  Occasion,  I  Wou^d,  dlependliig  on  tkctr 


Here,  for  the  first  four  weeks,  Ite  performed  divine  service  in  the  R.  Gatholio 
cMith,  and  afterwards  in  the  biuracks  where  he  resided.  A  place  of  wortbjp 
wU,  however,  afterwards  erected,  and  Mr.  Z>.  contitaued  missionary  at  this  pIkM 
nfttil  ITdS.  ''<  it  is  with  concern  (says  the  Society)  that  it  iias  received  inibrtta- 
tioh  that  thoy  are  deprived  of  the  nseftil  services  of  this  worthy  Misstonafy,  Itlr. 
John  Doty,  by  l)is  removal  into  his  native  country,  to  take  charge  of  St.  Aniiie^ 
chnreh  at  Brooklyn  on  Long  Island  in  the  Provinee  of  New  York,  (AbiMet 
of  I7d4  b.)  His  connection  with  this  church  must  however  been  brief,  for  Mir 
n4me  occurs,  a^in  in  1796,  on  the  Society's  list  as  Missiopary  at  Sorcl,  wLiUttt 
he  mast  have  returned  the  previous  year.  He  fhially  resigned  fhts  mission  in 
1803,  when  his  connections  with  the  Society  for  propagatfaig  the  Gospel  ccned 
altogether.    £o. 


b  If  r.  Fish,  aithor  of  the  Histoiy  of  St.  Amn*s  Ch :  Brooklyn  aodeftakas  to  say  thst "  tbt 
namo  of  Doty  does  not  appear  in  the  record  of  clergy  in  the  State  of  N.  Tork  at  all."  Dm 
Seeltty's  alistracts  we  prosmme  are  good  authority  for  the  eontnwy.  Wood  aadThonim 
Bontion  his  name  amoi^Avskfgy  ef  Bl.  Aamift. 


:n 


THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


405 


Expedients 

id  enjoyiDg, 

But  shou'd 

ise  probably 

lubscriptioik). 
the  CoDgt«- 
for  a  Family 
iduetedfkoiD 

wiU  cleasly 
»,  my  conduct 
^eople.  And 
^liaquisb  the 
then  without 

)  is  personally 
f  agreeable  to 
t^ioa  d  Mr. 
raeter. 

somioendatoiy 
ktanees  as  yon 
d^  on  thtti 

n  the  R.  Catholie 

place  of  woithip 
mary  at  this  pliiee 

received  inibfma- 
7  Misstona^,  ^. 
arge  of  St.  AnHie^ 

Tdrk,  (Abrtrtrt 
been  brief,  for  bfe 

at  Sorel,  vfWllet 
ed  thfo  mission  in 

tbe  Gospel  ccued 


tosayiittt^tht 
..YorkatBll."  Tb» 
Woo4»B4Thom|«« 


Strength,  proceed  to  Maryland  &  Virginia)  &  endeavor  to  obtain- 
one  of  the  vacant  Parishes  in  either  of  those  Provinces. 

I  send  this  incIosM  in  M'.  Wallaces  packet,  who  tells  me  he 
porposes  leaving  this  on  a  Visit  to  you  next  Thursd&y,  &  before 
then  expects  being  honored  with  yonr  Letters.  At  the  same 
Time,  I  intend  accompanying  him  &  his  Lady,  &  thereby  have  an 
opportunity  of  recovering  my  Health,  &  explaining  myself 
further  on  this  Subject,  but  lest  my  Health  shou'd  not  permit 
doing  myself  that  Honor,  shou'd  be  very  happy,  if  convenient^ 
to  hear  your  Sentiments. 

I  hope  you  have  received  that  Benefit  in  the  Restoration  of 
your  Health,  which  all  who  know  you  wish,  &  him  particularly 
80,  who  is  with  the  greatest  Respect  &  Gratitude, 
New  Yoyk  W^  Sir,  your  most  obedient  Servant, 

August  1773.  Wm.  Andrews. 

The  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet 


fiEVB.  an  ANDREWS  W  M  WM.  JOHNSON. 

William^burgh  l?*"  September  1773. 

ar,  . 

Immediately  after  my  Arrival  here  I  waited  upon  Lord  Dun-: 
m<»e  with  your  reeommendatory  Letter,  and  he  told  me  that  no. 
vacant  Parish  had  lately  elaps'd  into  his  Gift,~>Riid)  that  if  even 
there  wai  one,  He  dou'd  not,  consistent  with  his  Engagements, 
pramote  me  over  the  Heads  of  Six  Candidate^  then  upon  his 
Utt.  But,  cou'd  I  find  a  Vacancy  in  the  Power  of  the  Vestry ,[ 
be  wott'd  d6  his  utmost  to  Serve  mt. 

The  Circiunstances  of  the  Parishes  here,  I  shall  endeavor  tar 
eKpIain  to  you,  as  w^U  as  the  littl«  knowledge  I  have  acquir'd 
will  enable  me. 

In  the  first  place,  there  is  an  Act  of  Assen^bly  for  the  Payment 
of  HOOO  Weight  of  Tobacco  to  the  Rector  of  each  Parish,  reckon'd 
equal  to  JC200  Vi^inia  Currency,  which  approaches  the  nearest 
to  Sterling,  I  believe,  of  any  Money  on  the  Continent.  Th«k 
Sherriffg  colleot  thi»  tithable  Commodity  for  them,  or  receive  in 


,■  i 


i\ 


W: 


I T  •  ■?.' 


,■  r  -i. 


.  ;* 


*  *■  ■  ,*• 


.  *  • 


496 


PAPERS  SSLATINO  TO 


I 


m 


M 


it 


i( 


It! 


5i 


a*    . 


vJ*- 


Lieu  thereof  Cash,  if  agreeable  to  the  Parson ;  so  that  no  Trouble 
or  Inconvenience  arises  from  this  Mode  of  levying  their  Salaries 
regularly.  And  as  there  is  an  exact  Equality  in  tills  Taxation 
the  only  Advantages  one  Incumbent  has  above  another  proceeds 
entirely  from  the  Prices  of  Tobacco  in  the  respective  Parishes 
frt)m  the  different  Value  of  the  Glebe  Lands  &  Parsonage  House 
&  from  their  Situation  in  Point  of  Health. 

When  a  Vacancy  happens,  the  Power  of  Presentation  is  in  the 
Vestry  for  twelve  Months  after,  &  then  it  elapses  to  the  Gover- 
nor, who  seldom  inducts,  (unless  in  new-form'd  Parishes,)  as 
there  are  a  number  continually  waiting  for  Provision.  The 
Impossibility  of  effecting  the  Removal  of  an  Incumbent,  &  the 
ill  Conduct  of  some  Ministers,  has  made  the  Vestry,  who  are  the 
Voice  of  the  Congregation,  somewhat  more  cautious  than  they 
formerly  were  in  presenting;  therefore  the  general  Practice 
which'  at  present  prevails,  is  taking  Strangers  upon  Trial,  till 
their  moral  Conduct,  Abilities,  &  Character  from  whence  they 
came,  are  discovered. 

Amongst  the  present  Hunters  for  Liviugs,  I  find  upon  Record 
the  Name  of  the  Rev<*  M*^  Hanna,  who,  notwithstanding  he  lias 
seen  the  King  &  his  Robes,  ft  been  strongly  recommended  from 
England  to  this  Province  &  that  of  Maryland,  he  still  remains 
unprovided  for  by  the  latest  Accounts  of  him.  His  Character 
is  not  known  here,  nor  have  I  been  so  uncharitable  as  to 
acquaint  the  Clergy  with  it.  It  is  his  Want  of  Powers  to  please, 
that  has  hitherto  be^n  the  obstacle  of  his  success. 

From  this  View  of  the  Matter,  Sir,  which  I  have  troubled  yoq 
with,  the  Improbability  of  my  obtaining  Preferment  tliro'  his 
Lordship  plainly  appears.  And  more  especially  so^  as  He  seems 
to  have  little  Acquaintance  with  the  Vestry,  &  less  Concern  for 
my  Interest. 

The  very  Day  I  left  New  York,  I  met  M^  Stuart,  on  his  W&y 
to  Pensylvania,  who  told  me  M**  Mosley  intended  relinquishing 
the  Mission  at  Johnstown,  finding  it  impossible  to  continue 
longer  in  the  State  of  Health  he  then  was  in,  &  that  he  was 
apprehensive  of  his  Disorder's  increasing.  Indeed  he  told  me 
when  I  was  there  that  he  wish'd  I  had  his  Place.  Now,  Sir,  as 
I  have  formerly  sollicited  you  on  this  Head,  &  have  no  Hopes  of 


»='.-«'■■ 


Titt  SIX  HATIOM. 

toeing ibte  to yneaotreUare,  I  should  be ettre^iuy  ^appy  &  con- 
tented to  undertake  that  Mission.  And  shouM  M'  Mosley  give 
it  up  Tohtntarily,  I  trust  In  God,  )froa  Will  be  good  enough  to  let 
me  have  it,  that  is,  if  you  tiiink  me  agreeable  &  qualified  to 
disoharge  the  Baties  oif  the  Ml^on. 

This  wouM  b^  ah  effectual  Itemedy  of  my  present  Grievances, 
a  probable  Restorative  of  myformjer  Healthi  &  be  the  greatest 
obligation  you  cou'd  confer  on 

Sir,  your  grateful,  & 

most  obedient  servant 

W.  Andrews. 
The  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet 


,.  ••  ,  !-         III. 


\ 


gm  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  COL.  BABC*K, 

OK  TBB  ACADEMY  KOB  THE  INDIAN!. 

Johnsonhall  Nov'  19**  ITtS. 

I  have  had  the  favor  of  yoiir  I^ttKr,  ftdm  Stonlngtoh,  ahd 
lAi  obliged  to  you  for  jotlt  khid  enquiries  about  my  health, 
which  I  think  somewhat  im^yroved. 

there  is  no  doUbt  !from  th^  Lettbr  you  Inclosed  to  me  that  the 
Olttf^  at  Boston  tirould  wish  well  to  a  design  so  laudable  in 
fpMulation,  but  aftet  giving  it  much  attention  I  am  inclined  to 
apprehend  that  there  is  more  difficulty  in  the  fexiecution  than 
fM  seem  aware  of;  sitt<9e4BS8  is  no  Constant  attendant  on  Lauda- 
\k  designs,  they  often  6#e  it  to  piiriy,  cir  tothe  ftvorable  opera- 
ttoik^f  lucky  Oirctimstanices,  and  to  cool  ireceptioi^  and  failure 
<yf  some  similar  views,  tho'  well  6upi)drted  &  strbhgly  recom- 
mended creatbs  a  doubt  in  me  of  the  sufetess  of  a  Scjieme 
without  aby  fbnd,  dependln|;  on  the  piety  ttmep.  \sx  power,  oi 
the  bounty  of  the  public.^— perhaps  within  a  little  time  the 
Scheme  may  bid  fidrer  for  dUccess,  when  however  loath  to  reUew 
appUcatioUs  I  Would  willingly  g^ve  it  my  countenance,  as  it  has 
mf  best  Wished,  dnd  I  sitn  heartily  sorry  that  the  present  thnes 

Vol.  nr.  32 


.'  .-.:' 


.  A-. 


*3 

■!■! 


<  ^  •    .    ■■     , 


»'>  «; 


f  ,*i 


■    }     ' 


■■Ml 

> 

« 

1 
I 


=     1; 


.m 


VAVSM  RSLATWO  TO 


■ 

HHI^M?"''! 

^n 

^^Hl^^vll'^^^-;'^' 

HI 

■P''^V'^ 

I 

■1 

i|»l 

SaES^^f '^  1^'      ,    s'  ■ 

81 

iWLJiWla'Tr  '"' 

<  ■};/■■ . 

ffi^is  :''Wt  ;  , .,.;  ■', 

11 

BB|H|;ir.:H'\-'\.i3iBiU 

■ 

iilSj';    Wr 

do  not  appear  more  faTorable  to  a  design  that  might  be  produe- 
tire  of  much  benefit. 

Be  assured  that  I  shall  always  be  glad  to  see  or  hear  ^m  you 
as  I  am  with  truth  and  regard)  Sir  ..  ,    ,;     ; 

,  Your  hearty  Well  wi^hjor 

and  very  humble  Servt. 
Henry  Babpock  Esq' 

Sir  John  Col  Johnson  D'  De^  &  all  here  desire  to  be  kindly 
remembered  to  yoi^. 


COL  BABCOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

• 

. '-     Stonlngton  28t*>  Dec  177d, 
Sir 

I  was  honoured  with  your  Favour  of  the  19^  Nov  which 
have  now  before  me,  and  have  read  it  with  the  greatest  atten- 
tion; and  altho'  I  am  very  loth  to  be  troublesome  to  you,  with 
my  Letters,  yet  have  presumed  once  more  to  write  to  you.— I 
observe  you  tire  pleased  to  say,  that  <<  Perhaps  in  a  little  Timo 
"  the  Scheme  may  bid  Fairer  for  Suc^ss^,  vheq  however  loth 
<<  to  renew  applications,  I  would  willingly  give  it  my  Counten- 
"  ance,  as  it  has  my  best  Wishes"  &c..  ,  >  \  ^iiy 

I  should  be  extreamly  sorry,  to  desire  any  thing  of  You,  that 
would  give  you  the  least  uneasiness,  and  I  am  thoroughly  seui- 
ble  that  no  Person  can  be  more  delicate  than  you  in  asking  a 
Favour  for  your  Self. 

But  in  soliciting  Benefactions,  for  those  nations  of  Indians, 
who  you  well  know,  have  been  very  usefUl  in  saving  this  Coun- 
try, and  adding  to  it  vast  acquisitlqns,  as  they  were  impToyed 
by  you  the  last  War. — ^To  civilize  Barbarians,  and  make  then 
happy,  is  a  Task  as  replete  with  Pleasure,  as  any  I  can  figure  to 
myself.  I  will  readily  allpW)  that  there  ar^  Diffioultys  in  the  Way 
(particularly  in  estabMiing  a  Fund)  but  Industry  &  Perseve- 
rance will  surmount  them— I  would,  coul^  I  be  authorised  by 
you,  next  Spring  chearfully  make  the  Trial  throughout  the  Colo- 


:f\ 


THB  BIZ  NATIONS. 


499 


a^d  should  it  meet  with  the  favourable  Reception,  that  I  flatter 
myself  it  would,  you  would  never  repent  it. — In  the  Island  of 
Jamaica,  for  the  Philadelphia  College  was  raised  Eight  Thousand 
pounds  their  Currency;  and  Charity  may  be  asked  with  infi- 
nitely more  Propriety  for  the  Indians,  than  the  Philadelphians, 
who  are  of  themselves,  well  able  to  support  a  Seminary  without 
any  foreign  Assistance. 

Success  (as  you  may  justly  observe)  is  no  constant  Attendant 
Kon  laudable  Design's,  they  owe  it  often  to  Party  and  the  favour- 
able opperations  of  lucky  Circumstances"  and  may  we  not 
venture  to  add  that  it's  often  owing  to  the  invisible  hand  of 
Qod.— The  Story  of  Joseph  and  his  Bretheren,  as  mentioned  in 
the  old  Testament  does  not  appear  more  striking  to  Me  than 
your  first  settling  in  this  Country. — The  Place  you  pitched  upon 
to  settle,  and  in  Consequence  of  that,  the  surprizing  Influence 
you  had  over  the  Indians,  and  the  great  Benefits  resulting  from 
that  Influence — The  many  narrow  Escapes  you  have  run,  not 
only  the  common  Chances  of  War,  but  the  high  Rewards  oflerd 
to  the  french  Indians  either  to  assasinate  You,  or  take  You  Pri- 
soner, and  your  eluding  all  their  repeated  Eflbrts ;  it  cannot  be 
enthusiastical,  for  me  to  say,  that  there  was  a  kind  Providence 
that  protected  you ;  and  your  most  valuable  life  I  stil  believe, 
is  reserved,  to  lay  the  Foundations  of  civilizing  &  christianising 
those  numerous  Nations  of  Indians,  at  present  ignorant  of  the 
vast  Blessings  in  store  for  them.  i 

Please  to  accept  of  my  sincerest  Thanks,  for  the  kind  Mannei 
in  which  you  are  pleased  to  express  yourself  in  my  behalf;  a^X 
return  my  Compliments  to  Sir  John,  &  the  rest  of  the  Gentlemen 
of  your  vicinity — am  not  determined,  whether  I  shall  do  myself 
the  Honour  of  paying  You  a  visit  this  Winter,  but  if  I  do  not 
this  Winter  fully  intend  it  in  the  Sprmg. 

I  am  with  greatest  Esteeqi  .  ^ 

Your  most  obedient  ,1 

&  most  humble  Servant  ,n 

Henry  Babcock.   j 

Sir  William  Johnson,  j^^^^  .tm«!u'J  f,-/4  mi  myntmxMiM^^  Pm 


m 


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SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  HEVD  DB.  HINDS. 

fohoion  hall  March  8ti>  1774. 

In  my  Letter  of  November  last  to  ^om  I 'Idd  before  the  Vene- 
rable  Society  a  General  Sketch  of  the  present  State  of  the  Mis- 
fions  in  this  Qnarter,  and  df  some  tote  Changes  respecting  them 
wherein  I  had  ticcaslon  to  aeqtudnt  yon  with  the  manner  in 
which  the  Reyd  M'  Modey  was  introduced  to  tlie  Mission  at 
Johnstown  in  my  neighbourhood,  and  of  the  precarious  State  of 
his  health  fbr  some  time  piuit;— Since  Which  he  has  been  under 
the  Necessity  of  acquainting  me^lhat  he  can  no  longer  undertake 
to  discharge  the  duties  o{  bis  Office  here  frota  the  repeated 
attacks  of  an  Epileptic  complaint,  &  is  therefore  desirous  of 
returning  to  £n{^ftnd  to  his  fUends,  he  has  not  been  able  to  offi- 
ciate for  some  time,  his  faculties  seem  much  impaired  &  he  lias 
retired  from  the  Mission. 

As  I  have  in  my  bet,  and  former  Letters  so  fully  shewn  the 
Importance  of  this  Mission  in  many  essential  points  It  is  unne- 
cessary to  observe  that  it  must  suffer  great  disadvantage  should  it 
continue  long  unsupplied  Ifaave  therefore  no  doubtof  the  Society's 
eare  fc  afttention  to  promote  true  Religion  in  this  Infant  Settle- 
ment by  endeavouring  to  procure  some  fitting  person  to  under- 
take that  Charge,  as  soon  as  possfUe  as  I  'know  of  no  Candidate 
that  offers  at  present  in  this  Contttry,  thd*  I  trust  such  may  be 
found  in  England  amongst  Som«  of  those  Oenl^  who  have  hut 
small  incomes  with  large  fhmilies  for  whom  they  can  make 
a  better  provision  in  America  than  at  home.  At  the  same  time 
I  shall  in  Conjunction  wifli  the  Clergy  of  this  Province  make 
the  most  diligent  enquiry  in  order  to  have  it  suptflied  here  if 
possible  as  a  Congregation  K>  large  '&  promising  &  that  must  in  a 
little  time  influence  a  large  extent  of  'Country  deserves  much 
'  attention ;  and  I  think  it  Very  necessary  to  make  a  private  observa- 
tion that  thi^  part  of  the  Country  is  not  Circunvstanced  like  the 
Old  Settlements  on  the  Sea  Coasts,  where  the  Missionaiys  are  in 
fact  usefull  only  to  a  select  few,  where  aU  their  Neighbours,  are 
bigotedly  attached  to  their  respective  Sects,  &  seldom 'come 


TUM  •vkMAmmk 


501 


within  the  Pale  of  the  Church,  but  here  the  Inhabitants  are  for 
tiie  most  part  very  ignoraot,.  &  haye  been  chiefly  invited  by  the 
f^tj  of  the  Soil,  k  the  advantage  of  fine  Communicatn*  for 
transporting  their  produce,  and  as  they  were  of  the  poorer  k 
lower  Glass  of  Adventurers  from  diff *  Countries  they  hav«  ini 
gjHwnl  veryt  Uttle  aaqjUAintaoce  withi  any  Religion,  k  a  Minister 
can  oot  \»  aoeusfd.  of  iatefifering  amst  them  so  that  the  first 
Oluuch  wbieh  goes  on  SucoessfiiUy  k  witbont  interruption  musk 
attifib  them  aU«  fc,  not  only  tham  hat  all  those  who  are  in  the 
lan^e  predicament,  wkoaite  realJiy  the  bulk  of  the  people  ina 
Camitji  that  settles;  amaaUigly  fl^  all  of  whonii  may  in  time 
tieeoBie  Zealouslf  attached  to  our  Constitution  in  Church  k  State 
if  duly  attended  to  in  tb^  InfaiM^.  The  Independ^  k  other 
Digsenters  are  so  seBAiUei  of  lUs  that  repeated  applicatn  hat 
been owde foi  the  useo^tha Ch:  often  by  Itinerant  preachers' 
wbewnr^r  the  Ministes  was  absent  for  that  purpose  I  leave  yoir 
to  Judge  from  the  Sly  Artifices  as  well  as  pubMe  attacks,  prao- 
tijed  by  them  agajnst  the  Ch:  of  England  in  America^- 

As  I  do  not  recollect  any  material  ocounrenoe  since  my  last)  I- 
have  only  to  offer  my  best  Regards  to  the  Society,  &  most 
Cordial  Wishes,  for  the  prosperity  of  their  pious  &  Laudabla 
endeavors  assuring  you  that  I  am  with  much  £steem  Sir  &cai. 

The  Eev«»D' Hind" 

1  Ser.  RioHAKD  Hihd,  V.  J>.,  son  of  Dr.  John  Bind,  rector  of  Fendoo,  Sqi^ 
m,  WM  bom  at  Boddiogtoa  in  Northamptonshire,  in  1716;  entered  Oxfbrd 
ihoot  1780,  and  obtained  Us.  degpree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  in  1749 ;  became  rsotor 
of  Sherkig,  Essex  1754,  and  of  St.  Annej  Westminster,  176S,  both  of  which  bi 
Ticated  in  1778  for  the  YJcarages  of  Bocbdale,  Lancashire,  and  Skipton,  Yorkv 
ihire.  on  account  of  a  dispute  which  he  had  with  his  Curate  in  St.  Anne's,  parti- ' 
coian  of  which  are  j^ven  in  tho>  47th  Td.  of  the  €knt.  Mag.    He  was  aino  pte- 
beadary  of  St.  PatU'i.    Oft.  HSnddied  ati  Rochdale,  18th  Feb.,  1790,  totn 
Some  of  bis  sermons  haye  been  printed.    NichoW  Literary  jintedotta.    He  wa*: 
locceedcd  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wtn.  Horrice  aa  Secretary  of  the  Society  for  prap 
the  Gosp.— Ed. 


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THE  CHURCHWARDENS  OF  SGHENECTAinr  TO  SIR  WM 

JOHNSON. 

Honourable  Sir,  ^' 

The  very  humaoe  Treatment  whleh  we  have  constantly  expe- 
rienced from  you  is,  and  we  hope  ever  will  be  grateflilly  reniem- 
bred  by  us.  In  particular  we  think  ourselvei  greatly  indebted 
to  your  kindness  and  Generosity  in  assisting  us  on  a  recent 
occasion  with  your  good  and  seasonable  Advice  and  supporting 
us  with  a  Promise  of  your  friendly  Interposition  in  our  Favour. 
We  should  esteem  ourselves  highly  culpable  had  we  not  invari- 
ably attended  to  the  Path  which  you  directed  us  to  pursue,  and 
which  we  doubt  not  will  lead  us  to  the  Adl  enjoyment  of  our 
Wishes.  In  our  way  Homeward,  agreeable  to  your  desire,  we 
waited  upon  Go'  Johnson,  who  readily  drew  up  for  us  an  address 
to  the  Venerable  Society.  A  Copy  of  this  address  we  sent  imme- 
diately, and  hope  it  has  been  received  previously  to  the  Aipii. 
versary  Session.  Soon  after  the  first  we  sent  a  Second  Copy  in 
case  the  former  should  miscarry  ;,and  as  we  thought  it  proper 
to  acquaint  the  Reverend  Clergy  of  New  York  with  our  Inten- 
tion we  enclosed  it  to  them  unsealed,  requesting  that  after  they 
had  perused  it  they  would  be  so  kind  as  to  seal  and  forward  it 
by  the  first  opportunity,  at  the  same  Time  soliciting  their 
Friendship.  When  several  weeks  had  passed  without  hearing 
from  them.  We  wrote  a  Line  requesting  to  know  by  whom  they 
had  sent  tbe  addresses,  to  us,  its  safety  was  a  matter  of  Conse- 
quence. In  answer  to  this  D'  Auchmuty  informed  us  that  "no 
other  opportunity  offering  he  had  sent  it  by  the  Pacquet."  The 
reason  of  this  Evident  Contempt  of  the  latter  part  of  our  request 
we  are  at  a  loss  to  assign,  unless  it  may  be  collected  out  of  a 
Letter  which  We  received  from  M'  Andrews  soon  after  he  left 
us  dated  at  New  York  in  which  he  says  <<  I  really  am  somewhat 
afraid  the  Society's  Salary  will  not  be  continued  at  Schenectady. 
And  it  is  the  opinion  of  Doc'  Auchmuty  and  M'  Inglis  that  it 
will  not.  They  tliink  it  perversion  of  that  Bounty  which  onght 
to  be  extended  to  much  larger  Bodies  of  People  who  are  without 
divine  worship  in  several  parts  of  this  and  the  Neighbouruig 


*^: 


TBS  MX  matiomt; 


BOS 


Piovinces."    If  suoH  are  the  Sentiments  of  those  Reverend  Oeo- 

tlemen  we  cannot  help  thinking  that  either  they  have  a  yerj 

ioperfeot  knowledge  of  the  State  of  our  Church  j  or  if  otherwise, 

lonie  very  unaccountable  prejudice  against  us. 

As  we  labour  under  many  disadvantages  for  want  of  a  charter, 

we  embraced  the  happy  oppcrtunity  of  addressing  His  Excel- 

leney  the  Governor  on  that  subject  by  S'  John  who  generously 

piomised  us  his  benevolent  office^,  and  at  whose  return  we  ore 

in  no  Doubt  of  receiving  a  very  &vourable  answer.    We  b^ 

your  Indulgence  in  thus  detaining  you  as  we  are  prompted  to  it 

hf  a  sense  of  the  Duty  which  we  owe  you,  and  which  shall  ever 

besck-owledgedby 

Honourable  and  greatly  respected  Sir 

Tour  much  obliged  and  very  humble  Servants 

J.  W.  Brown. 

RoBT.  Clench.  ' 
Sehenectady  March  21  •<  1774. 


SIR  WM,  JOHNSON  TO  CHURCHWARDENS  OF  SCHENECTADY 

%  Johnson-hall  April  !•*  1774. 

Gentlemen, 

I  received  your  Letter  and  am  sorry  to  hear  that  you  have 
any  Apprehensions  of  the  dislike  of  the  Society  or  Clergy  as 
tending  to  withdraw  the  Mission,  but  I  am  inclined  to  believe 
that  You  are  alarmed  without  sufficient  cause,  for,  whatever 

1  RoBEHT  Clknoh  WAS  married  to  Hannah  Yernon  at  Laycock,  Lancaster  Co. 
Penn.  on  the  6th  Hay  1758,  by  the  revd  Geo.  Craig,  episcopal  Minister.  He  had 
titree  sons,  Balph,  Benjamin  and  Thomas,  and  three  daughters,  Rebecca,  Eliaa. 
betli  and  Euretta.  He  was  a  zealous  friend  of  St.  George's  Church,  and  was  the 
first  to  cause  Stoves  to  be  introduced  into  that  edifice,  an  innovation  which  dis> 
tarbed  the  minds  of  many  who  did  not  approve  of  such  novelties.  Mr.  Clench 
took  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  United  States  on  the  25th  July  1778,  &  died  in 
the  latter  part  of  1781.  His  will  bears  date  10  Sept.  and  it  was  proved  on  2lBt 
Dec.  of  that  year.  His  wife  survived  him  seven  years.  She  was  buried  in  St. 
George's  cemetery  Dec.  2,  1788.  Letter  of  Rev.  Wm.  Payne,  rector  of  St. 
Gforgt'i 


4  m 


!,♦. 


,    ! 


'■••V; 


m 


PUkPKMI  KELATOra  TO 


I     " 


:  :i'  i 


iMsrt^nMAiitations  M'  Andrews  or  any  other  person  may  have 
l^a  Guilty  of,  It  is  in^robable  tiiat  tl^e  Society  would  with- 
hoR  their  A^istance  without  a  partiou]ar  enquiry  into  the  state 
of  the  Congregation,  wnd  as  I  believe  that  the  Mission  was  prin- 
iipeiO^  established  thro'  my  reoommendation  thereof  to  the 
Sofiiety,  I  should  niaturally  Oonolude  that  they  would  communi- 
e§t#  their  thoughts  to  me  before  they  detiarmined  on  Withdraw- 
ing it^  Drom  all  which  considerations  I  should  think,  you  have 
n(»^  much  to  apprehend  on  that  head,  should  it  prove  otherwise 
I  sbfQI  willingly  assist  in  recommending  your  Church  to  the 
ftirther  attention  of  the  society,  as  I  am  always  its  hearty  well- 
wisher  and  your  very  humble  Servt. 
To  Mess^*  Clench  &  Brown 
Schenectady. 


•      REVD.  R.  MOSLEY  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir  William 

I  am  at  a  loss  to  express  my  Gratitude  to  Tou;  for  Yew 
unbounded  Goodness  to  me  during  My  Residence  at  Johnstown 
and  particularly  at  my  Departure — I  shall  aliways  retain  a*  most 
gratefull  sense  of  Your  Generosity  :  And  that  it  may  please  God 
kmg  to  prolong  your  Life,  and  possess  you  with  a  good  state  of 
Health  will  be  the  Constant  prayers  &  wishes  of  One  who  ha9 
the  Honor  of  subscribing  Himself  (Sir  William) 

Your  much  obliged 
&  very  Humble  Ser* 

R.  MOSLET. 

P.  S.    Please  to  present  my  best  Respects  to  D'  Dease,  and 
Comp*»  to  M'  Daily  &c — 
New-YcikAp'y«ll"' 74. 


■Vf;^:  •'•■■'::->'     liff. 


mv: 


MEMWR  OP  THE  REV.  JOHN  STUART,  D.D. 

THE  LAST  MISSIONARY   TO   THE  M0F4WKS. 

The  conversion  and  civilization  of  the  American  Indians 
engaged  the  attention  of  Europeans  at  an  early  date.  The 
christianizing  of  the  Iroquois  especially  became  the  object  of  the 
jesaits  of  Canada  as  far  back  aa  1642^  and  a  few  years  afterward* 
Father  Jogues  laid  down  his  life  on  the  Mohawk  river,  for  the 
Gospel.  The  Butcli  who  first  colonijied  these  parts,  did  notgiv^ 
the  subject  mnch  consideration*  The  clergy  at  the  Manbatans 
succeeded  in  teaching  one  young  savage  the  prayers  so  that  he 
could  repeat  the  responses  in  chUrch,  and  also  to  read  and  write 
well.  He  was  then  furnished  with  a  Bible  and  was  sent  to  evanr 
gelize  the  heathen.  But  he  pawned  the  book  lor  buandy ,  became 
a  thorough  beast  and  did  more  harm  tiian  good.  * 

The  government  of  New  York  did  not  make  any  effort  td 
christianize  the  Five  Nations  further  than  to  pay,  for  some  time, 
a  small  salary  to  the  clergyman  at  Albany  to  attend  to  the  wants 
of  such  Indians  as  might  apply  to  him.  The  Rev.  M'  Freeman 
of  that  city  translated  a  great  part  of  the  English  liturgy,  tbe 
morning  and  evening  prayers,  the  litany,  the  Athanasian  Creed, 
with  some  passages  of  tlieold  and  New  Testament  into  the  Indian 
tongue,  but  those  professing  to  be  christians  in  1710,  are  repre- 
sented as  "  so  ignorant  and  scandalous  that  they  can  scarce  be 
reputed  Christians." '  In  1712,  Mr.  Andrews  was  sentag  a 
Missionary  to  the  Mohawks  by  the  Society  for  propagating  the 
Gospel,  and  a  church  was  built  at  the  mouth  of  the  Scohary 
creek,  but  this  Missionary  soon  abandoned  the  place,  and  as  he  was 
the  first,  so  was  he  the  last,  that  resided  among  them  for  a  great 
many  years,  the  Society  afterwards  contenting  themselves  with 
imitating  the  policy  of  the  government  and  allowing  a  small 
stipend  to  their  clergyman  at  Albany  to  act  as  a  missionary  to 
the  Mohawks.  In  which  capacity  he  did  them  but  very  little 
good. 

In  1748,  the  people  of  New  England  turned  their  attention  to 
this  field  of  labor,  and  the  Rev^  MesS"  Spencer,  Woodbridge, 


^'f 


i   •  * 


:'i 


'#«•' 


I 


1  (TCaU.  N.  Netherltnd  ii.,  819. 


2  N.  Y.  Doct.  Hist.  HI. 


.    ^ 


506 


MKMOIR  OF  THE 


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and  Hawley  visited  successively  the  tribes  on  the  Mohawk  and 
Susquehannah  rivers.  *  The  commencement  of  the  French  war 
soon  afterwards,  interrupted  all  missionary  efforts  west  of  Albany 
which  were  not  renewed  until  1761,  when  the  Rev^  Dr.Wheelock 
directed  his  attention  to  that  quarter,  and  endeavoured  by  hitro- 
ducing  Indians,  as  missionaries  and  schoolmasters,  to  reclaim 
the  Natives  from  their  savage  life.  He  gives  the  result  of  his 
efforts  and  experience,  in  these  words: 

'Among  those  whom  I  have  educated,  there  have  been  near  forty  who  were 
good  readers  and  writers,  and  were  instructed  in  the  principles  of  the  Christian 
religion,  as  their  age,  and  tii^e,  would  admit,  and  were  sufBciently  masters  of 
English  grammar,  arithmetic,  and  a  number  considerably  advanced  in  a  knowl. 
edge  of  Greek  and  Latin,  and  one  of  them  carried  through  college,  and  was  a 
good  scholar,  and  others  carried  through  a  cou:-se  of  learning  with  not  less  expence 
for  each  of  them,  than  would  have  been  necessary  to  have  supported  an  English 
youth  through  a  course  of  collegiate  studies,  and  they  have  generally  behaved 
well  while  they  were  with  me,  and  left  my  school  with  fair  and  unblemished 
characters,  and  under  the  influence  of  every  motive  I  could  set  before  them,  to  a 
good  improvement  of  the  distinguishing  talents  which  God  had  committed  to 
them,  and  many  of  them  have  gone  immediately  from  my  school  into  good,  and 
reputable  business,  and  such  business  as  they  were  equal  to,  and  generally  to 
serve  as  schoolmasters,  but  some  as  interpreters,  &c.  and  nothing  has  prevented 
their  being  imployed  usefully,  and  reputably  in  various  capacities  till  this  day 
but  their  want  of  fortitude  to  resist  the  power  of  those  fashionable  vices  vhich 

were  rampant  among  all  their  tribes Of  all  the  number  before  mentioned 

I  dont  hear  of  more  than  half  who  have  preserved  their  characters  unstain'd 
•ither  by  a  course  of  intemperance  or  uncleanness,  or  both ;  and  some  who  on 
account  of  their  parts,  and  learning,  bid  the  fairest  for  usefulness,  are  sunk  down 
into  as  low,  savage,  and  brutish  a  manner  of  living  as  they  were  in  before  any 
endeavours  were  used  with  them  to  raise  them  up:  and  there  arc  some  of  whom 
I  did,  and  do  still  entertain  hope  that  they  were  really  the  subjects  of  God's 
grace,  who  have  not  wholly  kept  their  garments  unspotted  amongst  the  pots. 
And  six  of  those  who  did  preserve  a  good  character,  are  now  dead."^ 

The  necessity  of  having  missionaries  of  the  church  of  England 
resident  among  the. Mohawks  was  again  brought  before  the 
Society  for  the  propagation  of  the  Gospel  a  few  years  before  the 
Revolution,  both  by  Sir  W"  Johnson  and  the  Rev.  M'  Jngli?  of 
NewrYork,  the  last  of  whom  also  laid  the  subject  before  the 
government  in  England  in  the  form  of  a  Memorial.  In  the  year 
1770,  the  Society  again  consented  to  ordaiu'a  Missionary  for  th 
exclusive  service  of  the  Mohawks. 


»»HMii:iiv^J^hito 


If 


IN.T.  Doc.  nist.  iii. 


2  Whcelock's  Narr.  for  1771,  p.  19 


I) 


REY.  JOHN  STUART  D.  D. 


607 


John  Stuart,  who  was  selected  for  this  purpose,  was  born  at 
Harrisburg  in  Pennsylvania  in  1740.  The  family  mansion  in 
which  he  first  saw  the  light  was  ydt  standing  in  1836.  His 
father,  Andrew  Stuart,  came  to  America  from  the  town  of  Omagh 
in  Ireland,  about  the  year  1730  j  besides  the  subject  of  this 
memoir  he  had  three  sons,  James,  Andrew  &  Charles.  The  fir^ 
died  young  j  the  otliers — Andrew  and  Charles" — died  some  years 
ago,  both  at  an  advanced  age,  in  the  Western  part  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, having  been  in  the  worst  of  times,  staunch  supporters  of 
the  cause  of  American  liberty.  They  were  all  men  of  great 
physical  strength*.  At  an  early  age 'John  Stuart  evinced  a  dis- 
position for  serious  studies,  and  when  he  graduated  at  the  College 
of  Philadelphia  he  had  made  up  his  mind  to  join  the  commu- 
nion of  the  Church  of  England.  This  determination  exposed 
him  to  much  difficulty,  for  his  father  was  a  rigid  Presbyterian, 
and  expected  his  children  to  conform  to  his  religious  opinions'. 
If'  Stuart's  patience  at  last  overcame. his  father,s prejudices, and 
he  was  allowed  to  proceed  to  England,  being  recommended  by 
the  Clei^  of  Pennsylvania  for  ordination  3.  He  received  holy 
orders  in  the  year  1770,  and  was  appointed  Missionary  to  the 
Mohawks  at  Fort  Hunter.  He  arrived  at  the  scene  of  his  future 
labors  and  preached  his  first  sermon  at  Canajoharie,  on  Christ- 
mas day  of  the  same  year.  His  routine  now  was,  to  preach 
every  Sunday ;  first  to  the  Indians,  after  service  had  been  per- 
fonned  in  their  own  language.  Divine  service  was,  next,  read 
in  English  to  a  congregation  of  .200  persons  and  upwards.  In 
the  afternoon,  he  officiated  in  the  Mohawk  Chapel,  to  the  white 
people,  most  of  whom  were  Dutch,  and  who  had  no  stated  place 
of  worship*.  In  1774,  he  was  able  to  read  the  Liturgy  and  the 
several  offices  of  baptism^  marriage  &c  to  his  flock,  and  converse 
tolerably  well  with  them,  on  common  subjects  in  their  own  lan- 
guage, but  he  found  great  difficulty  to  convey  to  them  any 
distinct  ideas  on  divine  subjects,  for  want  of  a  constant  ipterpre- 
ter,  from  which  cause,  also,  he  '^ould  but  seldom  preach  to  them. 
To  supply  these  and  other  deficiencies,  he  undertook  a  transla- 


1  Geo.  Okill  Stuart's  letter. 
8  Soc'ty'a  Abstract,  1771. 


2  London  Colonial  Church  Chronicle,  No.  U. 
;  '4  Abstract,  1772. 


■7? 


I      •  y 


>'> 


,  * 


r  >• 


a 


.  .« 


.  (■■•ii 


6M 


MEMOIR  OF  THE 


M 


V(M' 


<*      .5 


I*    'X    * 


^|| 


tion  of  a  paK  of  the  New  Testament,  and,  with  the  assistance  it 
is  said  of  Brant,  prepared  a  Mohawk  translation  of  St.  Mark's 
gospel,  a  large  and  plain  Exposition  of  the  Church  Catechism 
and  a  Compendious  Historjof  the  Bible'.  In  addition  to  hit 
rcigular  duties,  he  officiated  once  a  fortnight  at  Johnstown  with> 
out  any  remuneration.  Service  was  read  to  the  Mohawks  at 
Canajoharie  by  Paulus  Sahonwadi,  the  Indian  Schoolmaster. 
Some  idea  of  the  difficulties  attendant  on  conveying  elementary 
instruction  to  the  Indians  in4hose  days  may  be  formed  from  the 
circumstance  that  the  teacher  had  no  elementaiy  books.  Paulot 
&  the  other  Mohawk  teachers  taught  the  Alphabet  &o  by  meant 
only  of  little  manuscript  scraps  of  paper.  It  was  not  until  sevend 
years  after,  that  Col.  Clans  composed  a  shoil;  prim^  for 
them.* 

In  the  year  1775  commenced  the  upheaving  of  those  elements 
which  in  a  short  time  terminated  in  the  birth  of  this  Republie. 
The  agitation  which  followed  rent  society  in  pieces,  and  many 
who  had  been  previously  neighbours  and  friends,  now  found 
themselves  enemies,  and  opposed  to  each  other  in  the  deadliest 
hostility.  Suspicion  stalked  abroad  and  those  who,  from  wha^ 
ever  motive,  shrank  from  approving  the  new  oixier  of  things 
were  denounced  and  ari-ested,  if  they  had  not  already  abandoned 
their  homes.  No  class  was  so  uncompromising  in  its  loyalty  as 
the  clergy  of  the  Church  of  England  in  tliis  State,  and  they  hi 
consequence,  did  not  fail  to  experience  the  bitter  effects  of  their 
own  unwise  resolution; 

Mr.  Stuart  however  did  not  experience  any  inconvenience 
at  first;  indeed  he  remained  undisturbed  at  Fort  Hunter, 
for  some  time  even  after  the  Declaration  of  Independence, 
and  constantly  performed  divine  service  without  omitting 
the  prayers  for  the  king,  as  prescribed  in  the  Liturgy.  In 
the  Spring  of  1777,  Geni  Herkimer  received  intelligence  that 
some  persons  belonging  to  Tryon  County  intended  to  join  the 
enemy  at  Niagara ;  he  ordered  a  watch  on  the  high  road,  which 
prevented  their  passage,  and  on  being  fire^  at,  they  retreated  . 
aDid  lost  their  bundles.    On  the  next  day,  two  packs  of  letters 


1  Abatraet,  ITTS. 


2  Abstract  for  1782,  p, 


■■'1  J 


BET.  JOUir   8TDA11T,   D.    D. 


U>9 


were  picked  up  by  a  squaw  not  far  from  the  load.  One  of  these 
totters,  though  not  !8ubscribed,  was  supposed  almost  for  certain, 
to  be  the  hand  writing  of  Rev'  M'  Sti  irt,  Minister  of  the 
Uohawk  Castle,  and  th«  whole  were  forwarded  to  the  Provincial 
Congress.  On  examination,  however,  the  papers  were  found  to 
be  of  such  little  importance  that  they  were  returned  to  the  com- 
mittee of  Tryon  County.  M'  Stuarts  continued  lesidenae  at 
Fort  Hunter  now  became  dangerous  alike  to  himself  and  his 
fiunily-  St.  Leger  had  raised  the  siege  of  Fort  Schuyler ;  Bur- 
gojno  had  surrendered ;  the  Indians,  who  had  hitherto  protected 
tiieir  Minister,  had  abandoned  their  homes,  &  with  Brant  were 
laying  waste  the  country  betweem  the  Susquehanna  and  the 
Mohawk  rivers.  Mr.  Stuart's  connexion  with  the  Johnson  family 
and  his  relations  to  the  Indians  rendered  him  particularly 
obnoxious  to  the  Whigs.  His  house  was  attacked,  his  property 
plundered  and  every  indignity  offered  his  person.  His  church 
was  also  plundered,  then  turned  into  a  tavern  and  in  ridicule 
and  contempt  a  barrel  of  rum  was  placed  on  the  reading  desk. 
It  was  afterwards  used  as  a  stable,  and  finally  served  as  a  fort.  ■ 
He  became  thus  necessitated  to  remove,  and  in  June  1778,  the 
Board  appointed  for  detecting  Conspiracies  were  advised  of  his 
residence  in  Schenectady. 

lit  was  represented  tb  them  that  <<  Wr,  Stuart  would  have  it  in 
lus  power  to  convey  Intelligence  from  l^at  Place  to  the  Indians, 
and  as  he  had  always  been  a  declared  Enemy  to  the  Liberties  of 
America,  it  would  be  necessary  to  Order  him  down  the  Country." 
This  information  was  received  on  the  11^  June  and  on  the  2^ 
M'  l^oart  was  ordered  to  <<  repair  with  his  family  forthwith  to 
the  State  of  Connecticut  until  his  exchange  oould  be  procured, 
ancl  that  he  sett  off  in  four  Days  after  this  Resolution  is 
delivered  to  him,  and  on  his  failure  to  comply  herewith  it  is 
ordered  that  he  be  put  into  close  confinement." 

Mr.  Stuart  appeared  before  the  Commissioners  two  days  after 
the  above  order,  and  "declared  his  readiness  to  convince  them 
that  he  had  not  corresponded  with  the  enemy,  and  that  he  was 
rea^y  and  willing  to  enter  into  any  engagement  for  the  fiiithfiil 


'f-; 


1  Abstract  for  1782,  ut  ante. 
415,  416. 


Joumal  of  the  "S.  T.  Prov.  Gong.  i.  888;  fl. 


510 


MEMOIB  OF  THfi 


"if^k 


\-   ^    ■  -f 


Si    *» 

h  hi  I        « 


performance  of  such  matters  as  might  be  eojoyned  him."  Jt 
was  therefore  resolved  that  he  "enter  into  Parole  not  to  do  or 
say  any  Thing  in  opposition  to  the  Measures  pursued  by  the 
Congress  of  the  United  States  of  America,  or  by  the  Legislative 
or  executive  Powers  of  either  of  the  said  States,  and  that  he 
shall  and  will  not  hold  any  correspondence  by  word  or  Deed 
upon  Politilcal  Matters  with  any  of  the  enemies  of  the  said 
United  States  of  America  or  either  of  them,  and  not  to  depart 
the  Limits  of  the  Town  of  Schenectady  without  Permission  from 
one  of  the  Members  of  this  Board."  > 

He  returned  accordingly  to  his  assigned  residence  whence  hi 
writes  on  the  28ti»  Sept.  following.  «  My  situation  is  rather 
disagreable,  being  deserted  by  almost  all  my  Congregation. 
There  remains  only  three  families,  the  others  having,  at  different 
times,  joined  the  Kings  Forces.  I  have  not  preached  within 
these  last  two  years'"  The  winter  of  1778,  was  thus  passed  in 
Schenectady,  and  as  the  couutry  to  the  west  was  about  to  become 
the  theatre  of  war,  M'  Stuart  ventured  to  move  to  Albany  in  the 
early  part  of  the  summer  of  1779.  But  he  was  ordered  back 
on  the  24^''  June  to  his  old  quarters.^ 

In  the  spring  of  1780,  the  Indians  again  made  their  appear- 
ance on  the  Mohawk  river,  infuriated  rather  than  humbled  by 
the  punishment  which  Gen.  Sullivan  had'  inflicted  on  them  in 
the  course  of  the  preceding  summer.  The  situation  of  affairs 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Schenectady  obliged  M^  Stuart  early  in 
June  once  more  to  abandon  his  house  and  take  sanctuary  in 
Albany.  So  imminent  was  the  danger  that  the  guns  of  the 
enemy  were  heard  for  several  hours  previous  to  his  retirement, 
and  he  adds,  "  we  could  see  several  houses  in  flames  from  cor 
windows."* 

During  this  sojourn  he  experienced  much  civility  from  Genl 
Schuyler  and  obtained  permission  to  visit  Philadelphia.  Happen- 

1  Minutes  of  Commrs.  for  Detecting  Conspiracies  (in  State  Lib.)  i,  69, 87,86, 

2  Rev.  Mr.  Stuart  to  Rev.  Mr.  (afterwards  Bishop)  White.  28  Sept  1778. 
The  extracts  from  this  correspondence,  inserted  in  this  Memoir,  have  been 
obligingly  furnished  by  Geo.  Okill  Stuart,  Esq.,  of  (Quebec,  grandson  of  the  ReT. 
Mr.  Stuart.  .,. 


8  Min.  of  Com.  of  Consp.  11.  28  June  1770. 


4  Letter  of  1^  June  1780. 


KKV.  JOHN  STUART,  D.   D. 


Sll 


iQg  to  pass  whilst  in  that  city  through  one  of  its  thoroughfSures, 
his  progress  was  arrested  by  a  crowd  which  a  young  man  wag 
haranguing,  at  the  moment,  on  the  course  of  public  events. 
Hearing  a  remark  from  a  bystander  flattering  to  the  personal 
appearance  of  the  orator,  M'  Stuart  unguardedly  made  a  caustic 
though  humorous  remark  on  the  same  subject,  and  then  proceed- 
ed to  his  Lodgings.  The  observation  circulating  through  the 
crowd,  aroused  considerable  indignation  and  the  meeting  adjourn- 
ed for  the  purpose  of  inflicting  personal  chastisement  on  the 
person  who  had  been  so  bold  as  to  utter  it.  M'  Stuart  received 
timely  notice  from  a  friend  of  these  hostile  intentions,  but  nothing 
could  prevail  on  him  to  retreat  before  the  impending  danger. 
He  resolved  to  face  it,  not  fly  from  it.  Fortunately,  to  the  Rev. 
M'  White  and  others  interfered,  and  the  indignation  of  the 
people  was  appeased.  < 

On  his  return  to  the  North,  he  found  matters  in  nowise 
improved,  and  thereupon  made  up  his  mind  to  emigrate  to 
Canada.  He  communicated  his  resolution  to  M^  White  in  these 
words: — 


,;:« 


*'  I  arrived  here  safe  in  eight  days  fVom  the  time  I  parted  with  you,  and  found 
toy  tkmWj  well,  and  after  being  sufSciently  affrighted,  the  enemy  having  been 
within  twenty  miles  of  this  place,  had  within  one  mile  of  my  house  in  the  country 
vithout  doing  me  any  damage.  The  particulars  you  have  heard  I  suppose, — they 
retreated  with  the  loss  of  about  80  taken,  &  few  or  none  killed.  ****  Consider- 
ing t&e  present  situation  of  affairs  in  this  part  of  tl^e  Province,  I  am  fully  persoo* 
ded,  that  I  cannot  possibly  live  here  secure,  either  in  regard  to  ourselves  or 
property  during  the  ensuing  season ; — ^this  place  is  likely  to  be  a  frontier,  fc  will 
probably  be  burnt  if  the  enemy  can  effect  it.  I  have  lost  a  considerable  part  of 
my  stock'  while  in  Philadelphia,  partly  by  public  and  partly  by  private  robbers. 
For  these  and  other  weighty  reasons,  maturely  weighed,  I  have  resolved  (with 
the  approbation  k  consent  of  Mrs.  Stuart)  to  emigrate  to  Canada ;  and  have  made 
application  for  an  exchange,  which  I  have  reason  to  believe,  will  be  granted. "3 

In  conformity  with  this  view  he  made  the  following  application 
in  the  course  of  the  ensuing  spring  to  Governor  Clinton  : —      ,  i 

"  Mat  it  pikasi  tottk  Exosllkmct— • 

Having  been  a  prisoner  on  Parole  to  the  Commissioners  of  Conspiracy  for  these 
two  Years  past,  and  confined  to  the  Town  of  Schenectady,  not  being  allowed  to 
redde  on  my  Farm— my  Property,not  protected — ^These,  with  other  Reasons, 
induce  me  to  wish  for  Permission  to  remove  to  Canada  with  my  Family: — I  have 

I  Lctterof  G.  O.  Stuart,  Esq.  2  Letter  of  Nov.  18. 1780. 


1 

'  ■    *          I. 

■ 

1 

4      ■;■ 


%-  .;> 


.mi 


\m 


i'ji? 


^ 


r|19 


MBMOIR  OF  THE 


(Sr-  <A'J*" ,   t  ■ 


•'  ^'  " 


Si;. 


I 


theroforc  presumed  to  ^)ply  to  your  Excellency  for  PenniBBion  to  b«  exclniii»ed 

''  for  Some  Citizen  of  this  State  now  a  Prisoner  in  Canada,  and  that  I  may  be 

*1flltfwed  to  go  under  the  Protection  of  the  first  public  Flagg.— I  will  do  myself 

Iba  Honor  to  wait  personally  upon  your  Excellency  at  any  Hour  that  may  be 

Murenient.— An  Answer  frcnnyoar  Excellency  will  much  oblige 

"  Your  most  obedient 

**-k  very  humble  servt 
"Albany  March  80th  1781  John  Stvakt." 

The  permission  here  prayed  for  was  granted  on  the  same  day.< 
The  conditions  on  which  it  was  obtained  are  explained  by  M' 
Stuart  in  a  letter  to  M'  White,  dated,  Schenectady,  17t>>  April 
^1781,  of  wldch  the  following  is  an  extract : — 

m 

**  Being  considered  as  a  prisoner  of  war  and  having  forfeited  my  real  estate  I 
hsrre  given  £400  security  to  return  in  exchange  for  myself  one  prisoner  out  ef 
A>«r  nominated  by  the  Governor,  viz  one  Colonel,  two  Captains,  and  one  Lieu> 
tenant,  either  of  which  will  bo  accepted  in  my  stead.  Or  if  neither  of  the 
prisoners  aforesaid  can  bo  obtained  I  am  to  return  as  a  prisoner  of  war  to  Albany 
when  required.  My  personal  property  I  am  permitted  to  sell  or  carry  with  me 
-  aecording  to  my  own  convenience ;  and  am  to  proceed  under  the  protection  of  a 
pvblic  flag  as  soon  as  it  will  be  wife  and  convenient  for  women  and  children  to 
travel  that  course.  We  are  to  proceed  from  hence  to  Fort  Ann  in  waggons  and 
from  thence  in  Batteaus.  Believe  me,  Dear  Sir,  I  have  had  occasion  to  exert  all 
my  resolution  before  I  could  venture  on  the  difficulties  that  presented  themselves 
•a  the  probable  concomitants  of  this  journey ;  But  A-om  a  variety  of  circumstances 
peculiar  to  my  personal  and  local  situation,  I  had  no  alternative ;  therefore,  let 
the  event  bo  as  it  will,  I  shall  not  think  myself  accountable  for  consequences;  the 
more  especially  as  Mrs.  Stuart  is  perfectly  reconciled  to  the  expediency  and 
neoeeslty  of  the  measure.  'TIs  probable  that,  if  I  reach  Canada,  I  may  obtam  a 
ekaplaincy  in  Sir  John  Johnson's  2d  Battalion  qf  Boyal  Yorkers  which  is  nearly 
complete,  and  on  the  establishment.  *  *  *  I  mean  to  leave  nothing  behind 
me  here  that  may  impose  any  necessity  upon  me  of  returning  to  this  place 
(tm>vided,  such  a  thing  possible)  when  the  war  is  at  an  end.  I  can  dispose  of 
an  my  effects  either  for  cash  or  good  bills  on  Canada,  my  negroes  being  persons! 
property  I  take  with  me,  one  of  which  being  a  young  man  and  capable  of  bearii^ 
arms  I  have  given  £100  security,  to  send  back  a  white  prisoner  in  his  8tcad."2 

Before  proceeding  farther  with  this  narrative  it  is  necessary 
to  notice,  for  the  purpose  of  correcting,  some  errors  into  which 
the  Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel  has  fallen  in  its  account 
of  the  circumstances  attendant  on  M^  Stuart's  emigration. 

1  For  these  Doc's,  see  N:  Y:  Col.  MS8.  Vol.  Oil. 

t  Sims'  Hist,  of  Schoharie,  185,  says,  Mr.  Stuart  sold  one  of  these  negroes  in 
Montreal  for  $276  to  one  Conyn  who  brought  him  back  to  the  Mobswk  YtSiej. 


m 


BEY.   lOHN  STUART,  D.   D. 


513 


«At  length  In  May  lut,(U  aays)  liis  littlo  farm,  though  belonging  to  the  t 
jociety.  became  forfeited  to  the  State,  and  was  taken  away  from  him.  Ab  a  last » 
^uroe,  he  then  proposed  to  open  a  Latin  School  for  the  support  of  his  family,  . 
tiat  he  was  not  permitted,  nor  to  follow  any  lucrative  occupation  whatever.  ^ 
{jpon  tbis  he  applied,  and  with  mach  difficulty  obtained  leave  to  remove  into  « 
Cinada,  on  giving  a  bond  of  four  hundred  pounds  with  sttcurity,  eitlior  to  send  a  , 
Ilebei  Colonel  in  exchange,  or  to  retui;Q  to  Albany,  and  surrender  himself  » 
priwner  whenever  required."  i 

I(ow,  in  the  first  place,  the  <UittIe  farm  belonging  to  th» 
Society" — or  in  other  words,  the  Glebe  at  Fort  Hunter — never 
beeame  forfeited.  There  is  no  instance  of  the  State  liaving  con- 
fiscated church  lands,  because  the  occupahtis — who  were  mere 
Trustees— happened  to  lie  its  enemies.  All  the  clergy  of  Trinitj 
church,  New  York,  adhered  to  tlie  crown,  and  even  one  of  them 
was  attainted.  Yet  Trinity  church  still  holds  its  vast  property. 
The  chapel  farm  at  Fort  Hunter  was  dis^tosed  of  only  some' 
years  ago,  and  part  of  the  proceeds,  nearly  fifteen  hundred  dol- 
lars were  laid  out  in  erecting  the  Episcopal  church  at  Port  Jack- 
ton  la  the  sanie  town ;  and  tlie  residue,  an  equal  sum,  invested 
in  the  Episcopal  church  at  Johnstown.  3 

In  the  second  place,  there  is  no  evidence,  as  &r  as  I  have^ 
been  able  to  investigate,  of  M'  Stuart  having  applied  to  the 
Commissioners  for  permission  to  open  school.    A  careful  exami<^ 
natioQ  of  tiieir  minutes  does  not  shew  any  such  application. 
Indeed  under  the  circumstances  of  the  times,  it  is  doubtful 
whether  a  Latin  school  could  have  been  supported  at  Scliencc- 
tady.   But  his  application  is  represented  as  liaving  been  subse- 
quent to  the  confiscation  of  the  glebe,  and  this  is  stated  to  have. 
taken  place  in  May,  1781 .     "  As  a  last  resource  he  then  proposed 
to  open  a  Latin  School."    Now,  he  applied  for,  and  obtained 
leave  to  emigrate  in  March,  1781 — and  we  have  seen  tliat  he  , 
bad  determined  to  emigrate  in  Nov.  1780.    How  then  can  it  bo 
stilted  that  he  intended  to  open  a  school  after  he  had  not  only , 
resolved  to  leave  the  country,  but  actually  had  in  his  possession 
Gov.  Clinton's  permission  to  depart  ? 

The  Society  finally  represents  that  this  permission  was  obtain- 
ed vith  much  difficulty  only  on  giving  a  bond  to  send  <'  a  rebel 
colonel"  in  exchange.    Now,  the  exchange  was  not  confined  to 


1  Abstract  for  1782,  pp.  45,  46. 
Vol.  IV.      ^  33 


2  Sims'  Hist,  of  Schoharie  county,  185 


.,§ 


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uataa  of  tbb 


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Mr  ?^ 


m: 


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^Ti=IL-       <-.  -' 


1     ,' 


an  officer  of  this  grade.  M'  Stuart,  himself,  admits  that  he  had 
the  choice  of  four  officers,  from  a  Colonel  to  a  Lieutenant  inclu. 
sive.  Truly,  we  cannot  well  see  how  Gov.  Clinton  could  have 
gone  lower  in  the  scale  of  exchanges  consistently  with  the  respect 
due  to  the  rank  of  a  Minister  of  Religion. 

M'  Stuart  set  out  with  his  family,  then  consisting  of  his  wife 
and  tliree  small  children,  on  his  long  and  tedious  voyage,  on  the 
19()>  September  1781  and  arrived  at  St  Jolms  on  the  9t>>  of  the 
following  month— thus  accomplishing  in  three  weeks  a  JourneT 
which  is  now  performed  in  twelve  or  fifteen  hours.  As  there 
was  no  opening  for  him  to  exercise  the  duties  of  his  profession  at 
Montreal,  ho  took  charge  of  a  public  school  whicli,  with  his 
commission  as  chaplain  to  the  Royal  Yorkers,  gave  liim  both 
employment  and  support.  In  a  letter  to  D*  Wliite  dated 
Montreal  October  14^^  1783,  he  gives  his  prospects  in,  and 
impressions  of,  his  new  home : — 

"  I  have  no  reason  hitherto  to  4i>Uke  my  change  of  climate,  but  as  a  reduction 
mqat-take  place  soon,  ny  emoluments  will  be  much  diminished,  neither  liavo  I 
any  flattering  prospect  of  an  eligible  situation  in  ttie  way  of  my  proreflsion  m 
there  are  (as  yet)  only  three  proteatant  parishes  in  this  Province,  the  pastors  of 
which  are  FMoohmen,  and  as  likely  to  live  as  I  am.  We  promise  oursulvos  a 
change  of  the  present  form  of  government  but  that  is  a  contingency  and  may  bs 
farther  diatant  tlian  our  expectatioQ  **.  This  season  has  been  uncommonly  rainy 
and  we  have  had  ft-ost  in  July  and  could  sit  very  comfortably  at  a  good  fire  early 
in  August  or  even  some  times  in  June.  This  yon  will  think  pretty  cold ;— But  oi 
people  of  our  description  are  supposed  to  have  some  warm  particles  b  our  com- 
pontion  we  must  let  the  heat  and  the  cold  combat  and  balance  each  other.  IIow- 
ever  the  climate  and  the  soil  are  extremely  fertile  affording  the  necessaries  of  lift 
in  great  abundance." 

M'  Stuart  now  set  about  establishing  himself  permanentlj  in 
Canada.  He  selected  the  antient  Settlement  of  Cataraqui 
distant  60  leagues  from  Montreal,  wliither  many  of  the  refugees 
had  already  preceded  him,  and  wliich  possessed  a  garrison  the 
chaplaincy  of  which  he  expected  with  a  salary  of  one  thousand 
dollars  a  year.  "  I  can  preserve  the  Indian  Mission  in  its  neigh- 
Imurhood  (he  continues)  which  with  other  advantages  will  afford 
a  comfbrfable  subslstance — altho'  I  wish  it  laid  in  Maryland."' 

The  position  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  church  in  those 
States,  unconnected  with  England   and   without  any  resident 


RBY.  iQUS  tTUART,  O.  D. 


BUT 


Bhliop  by  whom  Holy  orders  could  be  conferred,  and  the  succes-' 
lion  of  the  clergy  kept  up,  had  now  for  some  time  engaged  the 
attention  of  the  leading  members  of  that  denomination.     To 
obviate  the  difficnlty  under  which  they  labored,  the  Rev<i  M*< , 
White  came  out  with  a  pamphlet  entitled,  ^  The  Case  of  lh$  ,, 
Episcopal  Churches  considered,"  in  wliich  he  proposed  among  . 
other  things,  a  temporary  organization  conferring  on  a  Conven- 
tion composed  of  representatives,  to  be  elected  from  the  Vestry 
or  congregation  of  the  several  churches  within  a  given  district,  * 
the  power  to  choose  a  permanent  president,  with  other  clergy-  • 
men  to  be  appointed  by  th6  body  who  might  confer  Holy  orders 
and  enforce  discipline  in  the  church. '    A  copy  of  this  pamphlet 
\ras  sent  by  the  author  to  M'  Stuart,  who  admitted  that  it  opened 
a  new  field  of  thought,  and  added—"  Notwithstanding  I  am  still 
clogged  with  all  my  old  prejudices  in  regard  to  the  Divine  right. 
and  uninterrupted  succession  of  Episcopacy  ;  yet  I  must  confess; 
that  you  have  said  more  and  with  greater  plausibility  than  the  sub- 
ject, at  first  view  seemed  to  promise.    I  admire  and  reverence  that 
gpirit  of  moderation  and  cando\ir  that  breathes  through  the^ 
whole  performance,  and  at  the  same  time  lament  the  period  [is] 
80  unfortunate  as  to  require  the  exertion  of  such  talents  in  such 
a  cause.    I  hope  the  present  complexion  of  the  times  will  free 
jroa  from  having  recourse  to  such  an  expedient  which  I  am  con- 
fident nothing  but  necessity  can  have  forced  you  to  adopt." » 

The  subsequent  acknowledgment,  by  Englai^d,  of  the  Inde- 
pendence of  tliis  country  having  obviated  all  existing  dilEcul-' 
ties  in  the  case,  Mr.  Stuart's  friends  entertained  the  hope  of 
winning  him  back  to  labor  among  them,  and  Dr.  OrllEth,  bishop 
elect  of  Virginia,  invited  him  to  settle  in  his  diocese.  But 
notwithstanding  the  duliedo  natalis  soils,  Mr.  S.  declined  the 
proposal.    Writing  in  1785,  he  says: —  * 

V* 

"  I  m«8t  allow  that  if  y^  adhere  to  yoor  fiDl  of  Rights,  and  establidi  ohuroh ' 
gOTernment  on  the  plan,  and  according  to  the  spirit  of  the  outlines  you  Iiave 
drawn,  it  will  certainly  deserve  the  name  of  a  Reformation.    •••*•! 

1  liCtter  to  Bishop  White,  I  Feb.  1784.  ■■% 

2  Wilson's  Life  of  Bp.  White;  also  White's  Memoiri  of  the  P.  E.  Oharol| « 
hrnisli  full  information  relative  to  this  pamphlet. 

a  Letter  of  17  March,  1784.  -  '«»J  T 


B18 


MEMOIK  or  THB 


Al"     ' 


*  "1| 


I 


^^^.^j^w 


mart  hero  acknowledge  the  Niue  I  hare  of  Mr.  OrliBth'B  ft-iendlj  remembraae* 
of  mo,  altho'  I  despair  of  being  able  to  accept  of  his  kiud  propowl.  •  The  time 
hai  been  when  the  chance  of  obtaining  a  settlement  in  that  part  of  Virginia 
won'd  have  gratiflod  my  ntmoit  ambition.  But,  at  my  time  of  life,  and  with 
raoh  rivet>>d  prujudices  in  Ikvor  of  a  gorernment  totally  different  from  that  of  the 
United  StiiVo),  I  am  reaolvcd  not  to  look  back,  having  onoo  put  my  hand  to  the 
pIow.'M 

Thongh  Mr.  Stuart  did  visit  Philadelphia  again  In  1786  or  7 
he  never  seems  to  have  repented  iiis  removal  to  Canada.  Yet 
the  isolation  in  wliich  he  found  iiimself  would  sometimes  natu- 
rally  call  up  memories  tliat  could  not  fail  to  be  painful.- 

**  I  can  acarcely  re/Vain  fVora  dropping  a  tear  to  the  memory  of  my  old  fViondi 
who  are  almost  universally  gone  into  banishment  and  may  bo  considered  as  dead 
te  their  country  and  their  fk-iends  !  I  am  the  only  refugee  clergyman  in  this  Pro. 
?Ince.  Bcardsley,  the  Sayres,  and,  I  believe,  Dr.  Seabury  are  in  Nova  Scotia  bnt 
Iliave  as  yet  no  correspondence  with  them,  the  distance  not  being  less  than  400 
Biles."  * 

As  a  relief  from  such  thoughts  as  these  he  turned  to  tlie 
active  duties  of  his  calling.  <'  I  shall  not,  (said  he)  regret  the 
disappointment  and  chagrin  I  have  hitherto  met  with,  if  it 
pleases  God  to  make  me  the  instrument  of  spreading  the  know- 
ledge of  his  Gospel  amongst  the  heathen  and  reclaiming  oiilj 
one  lost  sheep  of  the  House  of  Israel.'' 

In  this  spirit  he  set  out  on  the  2<i  June  1781  to  visit  'the  new 
settlements  on  the  S'  Lawrence,  Lake  Ontario  and  Niagara  falls 
where  he  arrived  on  the  1 S^^  of  the  same  month.  Already  3,500 
loyalists  had  left  Montreal  that  season  for  Upper  Canada.  He 
found  the  lands  in  general,  good  ;  a  range  of  settlements  had 
been  formed  from  the  Canadian  boundaries  to  Oswegatchy. 
His  reception  by  the  Mohawks,  who  were  settled  about  uinetj 
miles  from  the  falls,  was  very  affectionate.  Even  the  windows 
of  the  church  in  which  he  officiated  were  crowded  with  those 
vrho  were  anxious  to  behold  again  tlieir  old  pastor  from  whom 
they  had  been  so  long  separated.  He  officiated  also  at  Cadara- 
qui  where  he  found  a  garrison  of  three  companies,  about  thirty 
good  houses  and  some  1500  souls  who  intended  to  settle  higher 
up  the  lake.    Hd  next  proceeded  to  the  bay  of  Kente,  where 

I,  f  1  Letter  of  17th  June,  1785.       • 


i 


KEY.   JOHN  ITOAETi  D.   D. 


517 


lome  more  Mohawks  had  settled,  who  were  busy  building  housef 
and  laying  the  foundations  of  their  new  village  '*  named  Tyon- 
aeroga."» 

Though  M»  Stuart  had  now  received  from  th^  Society,  whow 
Dissidnary  he  continued  to  be,  discretionary  power  to  settle  In 
any  part  of  Canada,  he  remained  another  year  in  Montreal,  ai 
issistant  to  the  Rev.  M'  Delisle,  episcopal  olergyman  of  tliU 
town.  He  finally  removed  In  August  1785.  His  share  of  th« 
public  land  was  situate  partly  at  Cataraqui  and  partly  at  a  plaet 
which,  in  memory  of  tlie  dear  old  village  on  the  Mohawk  river, 
was  called  JWto  Johnstown.  In  a  letter  written  soon  after 
he  thus  describes  his  new  home  : — 


'<  I  have  200  aerei  within  hfilf  •  mile  of  the  garrison,  a  hetntiftil  litoation 
tolerable  good  land.  The  town  increases  ihst ;  There  are  already  above  60  houaw 
tiBiH  In  it  fc  some  of  them  very  elegant;  it  is  now  the  Port  of  transport,  (Vom 
CtnsdA  to  Niagara,  having  a  good  harbor  to  contain  vessels  of  large  burden— ^w* 
hare  now  Just  at  the  door  a  ship  a  scow  and  a  sloop  besides  a  number  of  amal 
ertit.  And,  if  the  communication  lately  discovered  from  this  place,  by  water,  to 
Uke  Huron  k  Michilmackinac,  proves  as  safe  and  short,  as  we  are  taught  to  b«> 
llere,  this  will  shortly  be  a  place  of  considerable  trade  It  consequently  an  eligiMc 
iltaatlon.  I  have  been  fortunate  in  my  locations  of  land,  having  1400  aorM 
at  diflTerent  places,  in  good  situations,  fc  of  an  excellent  quality,  three  tknm 
of  which  I  am  improving  and  have  sowed  this  fall  thirty  bushels  in  them.  Th« 
Shore  is  occupied  by  loyalists  forty  miles  above  this  town  and  the  lands  appropi^ 
ated  forty  miles  higher  up.  The  nmnlier  of  souls  to  the  westward  of  us  is  morlB 
than  6000  and  we  gain  dally  new  recruits  ttom  the  States. — we  are  poor,  happlf 
people,  indnstrions  beyond  example.  Our  gracloas  King  gives  us  land  gratis  and 
fhmltbes  provision  and  clothing,  fiirn)ing  utensils  fcc.  until  next  September ;  aftar 
which,  the  generality  of  people  will  be  able  to  live  without  his  bounty.  So  much 
for  our  new  settlements.  The  greatest  inconvenience  I  feel  here  is  there  being 
DO  scliool  fur  my  boys,,  but  we  are  now  applyiug  to  the  Legislature  for  assistance 
to  erect  an  Academy  fc  have  great  reason  to  expect  succeA;  if  I  succeed  in  this 
I  (hall  die  here  contented."  In  the  concluding  part  of  this  letter  he  adds,  "not* 
withstanding  all  my  philosophy  and  Christian  resignation  to  my  fkte  I  must  ex- 
press that  even  writing  to  a  friend  in  that  quarter  of  the  world  recalls  ideas  to 
my  mind  not  the  most  pleasing.  But  I  must  banish  them  and  make  a  virtue  of 
necessity.  Perhaps  I  could  not  live  so  happily,  even  in  Philadelphia  as  at  Cati^ 
raqni.    Til  endeavor  to  persuade  myself  to  it."a 

In  May,  1786,  he  opened  an  academy  at  Kingston,  and  in  th« 
Bumraer  of  1788,  he  went  round  his  "  parish"  which  was,  then, 

1  Abstract  of  1786;  Lettera  of  Aug.  *,  1784  and  Jane  27, 1786.  ir^tAVY:  .>■  • 

2  Letter  of  liov.  2, 1786..  i  ijri^tt^/ J 


■■I 


I--., 


i  • 


■|r.l 


(18 


•**     ifiMoix  or  tte  '"^^ 


um 


».  ; 


.*» 


i 


* 


IS?'  S^'  V'f  *■* '  «» 


above  200  milei  long.    He-  thus  describes  his  voyftge  dn  this 
<>ccasion,  and  soihe  other  incidents  i— 

"  I  embarked  in  »  Battoe  with  ^  indians  commanded  by  6apt.  Brant  aiui 
cwasted  along  tbe  nSrth  side  of  Lalce.  Ontario  about  200  miles ;  and  from  the  Head 
6t  the  Lake  we  went  26  miles,  by  land,  to  [Ifew  Oswego}  the  iiobawk  village  iti 
l&e  drand  river  which  emptied  into  Lak'*  Brie.    These  i^cfple  were  niy  former 
tea#ge,  te  tlie  Societiy  sttll  stiles  me  their  Misitionary .    I  found  them  convenient. 
Ijr  situated  on  a  beamtiful  river,  where  the  soil  is  equal  in  fertility  to  any  I  ever 
saTV^ — Their  village  contains  about  700  souls  and  consists  of  a  great  number  of 
good  houses  with  an  elegant  church  in  tbe  centre  it  has  a  handsome  steeple  & 
fiell,  and  is  well  finished  within.    You  will  be  surprized  >th*h  I  tcllyoTi   they 
luiVe  a  complete  service  of  church  plate,  crimson  Aihiiture  for  the  pulpit  ka 
with  the  creed,  commandments,  Society's  &  King's  coat  of  arms,  all  very  large 
fc  elegant,  and  that  the  Psalmody  was  accompanied  by  an  organ.    This  place  is 
jO^  miles  from  Niagara  and  was  uninhabited  four  years  i^o.    I  returned  by  the 
route  of  Niagara  and  visited  that  settlement  (they  have  as  yet  no  clergjman) 
and  preached  to  a  very  large  audience.    The  increase  of  population  tbere  is 
temense.    And  indeed,  I  was  so  pleased  with  that  country^  where  I  found  maiiv 
)«f  ny  old  parishioners,  that  I  waastrongly  tempted  to  remove  my  family  tp i|, 
<Tou  may  suppose  it  cost  me  a  struggle  to  refuse  the  unanimous  &  pressing  invi- 
4ation8  of  a  large  settlement,  with  the  additional  argument  of  a  subscription  & 
tftheV  emoluments  amounting  to  near  £800  York  currency  per  annum  more  than 
2  have  here.    But,  on  mature  reflection,  I  have  determined  to  remain  here. 
>TeU  wiH  suppose  me  to  be  vPiy  rich  or  very  disinterested:    But  I  assure  yon 
•neither  is  the  case.    I  have  a  comfortable  house  &  good  farn)  here,  and  an  escel> 
Jant  school  for  my  children  in  a  very  healthy  climate,  and  all  these  I  could  not 
have  expected  had  I  removed  to  Niagara.    But  that  you  may  be  convinced  that 
I  am  determined  not  to  die  rich,  I  have  also  declined  an  honorable  &  lucrative 
{q>polntroent.    Cor  new  settlements  have  been  lately  divided  into  four  districts 
■  (of  which,  this  place  is  the  capital  of  one,  called  New  Mecklenburg)  and  courti 
of  Justice  are  immediately  to  be  opened.     I  had  a  commission  sent  me  as  first 
■Jndgo  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas.    But,  for  reasons  which  will  readily  occnr 
to  yon,  I  returned  it  to  Lord  Dorchester  who  left  this  place  a  few  days  ago. 
•The  mention  of  thoeA  circumstances  yon,  porhups,  will  call  vanity,    But  as  any 
•necdutes  concerning  yon  wou'd  give  me  much  pleasure  to  hear ;  so  I  flatter 
myself  that  my  friends  will  be  glad  to  find  that  even  this  wilderness  has  its 
Politics,  its  competitions,  which,  altho'  en  a  small  acale,  serw  to  awaken  cmula. 
tion  8i  prevent  life  from  stagnating."       t  f.i»     ,>.  ?.  „<  V.  . 

In  1789  he  was  appointed  Bishop's  Commissary  for  the  settle- 
(nents  from  Point  au  Baudette  to  tlie  Western  limits  of  the 
province — being  the  district  now  constituting  Canada  West. 
i'hough  this  appointment  added  nothing  to  his  emolumfiits,  it 
increased  considerably  his  duties^  for  the  settlements  were 
•cftttered  and  Ills  floclc  dispersed  hundreds  of  miles  apart.   At 


.V,   .f. 


ftST.  30mt  8TVART,  D.  D. 


'KS># 


619 


the  meeting  of  the  flrst^ession  of  the  Colonial  Legislature  in  1792, 
he  was  named  "  Chaplain  to  the  Upper  House  of  Assembly.**' 
gQ  appointment  which  required  for  the  time  his  presence  at 
Ifiagara  where  the  legislature  was-  sitting.  He  occasionallj 
visited,  ^d  officiated  for  the  Mohawk  villages  at  the  bay  of 
Kente  where  stljl  were  preserved  the  Communion  plate  and 
furniture  given  by  Queen' Anne  to  the  Mohawk  Chapel  at  Fort 
Hunter.  But  <<  notwithstanding  tlie  laudable  exertions  of  tho 
Society,  and  the  partial  indulgence  of  the  British  Government  to 
thisti'ibe,  no  flattering  accounts  can  be  given  either  of  their 
religious  improvements  or  approach  to  perfect  Civilization." 
They  were  found  to  be  "  deoA-easing  fast,  owing  to  their  indolence 
and  great  attachment  to  spirituous  liquors."*  • 

In  the  year  1799,  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  was  conferred 
on  M'  Stuart  by  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  This  favour 
proceeding  from  his  Mma  Mater  and  Native  Country  was  doubly 
valuable  and  honorable  in  his  estimation,  and  he  entertained  a 
high  sense  of  tlie  conipliment.'  About  the  same  time  he  received 
the  appointment  of  Chaplain  to  the  garrison  of  Kingston.  Ho 
had  secured  about  4000  acres  of  valuable  land  to  which  he 
occasionally  made  additions,  his  circumstances  more  than  equalled 
his  most  sanguine  expectations,  and  lie  felt  that,  in  the  enjoy- 
jnent  of  health  with  such  prosperity,  his  situation  was  as  happy 
as  it  possibly  could  be.  "How  mysterious,"  he  exclaimed,  "are 
the  ways  of  Providence!  How  short  sighted  are  we!  Some 
years  ago  I  thought  it  a  great  hardship  to  be  banished  into  this 
wilderness  and  would  liave  imagined  myself  compleatly  happy 
could  i  have  exchanged  it  for  a  place  in  tho  delightful  city  oiF 
Riiladelphia.  Now  the  best  wish  we  can  form  for  our  dearest 
friends  is  t»  have  them  removed  to  us."« 

The  remainder  of  D«"  Stuart's  life  seems  to  have  passed  in  the 
routine  of  his  duties,  interrupted,  however,  by  attacks  of  illnesi 
to  whicli  his  increase  of  years  and  the  fatigue  attendant  on  a 
mission  in  so  new  a  country  could  not  fail  to  subject  him.    He 


k%,-.  •» 


1  Abstract  of  1798,  p.  67. 

2  Abstract  for  1796,  63,  54;  1798,  48;  1799,  68. 
8  Letter  of  21  Oct.,  1799.  >■ 

4  Letter  of  26  Nov.,  1798.      q  ^^ 


t-A 


;?,?-rn''':'" 


mo 


MEMOIR  Q¥  THE  REy.  JOHN  STUART,  D.  D. 


i  it  * 

(if"* 


'1, 


4 


I    *>'■      V-l 


-   %  - 


4<. 


'11 


'^•"3 


departed  tliis  life  on  the  15'b  Aug.  1811  in  the  seventy-first  year 
of  hiis  age  and  was  buried  in  Kingston,  where  he  lives  (says 
one  of  Ills  cotemporaries)  in  the  hearts  of  his  friends. 
V  In  personal  appeai'once  D^  Stuart  resembled  the  other  mem- 
bers of  his  family;  he  was  about  six  feet  four  inches  in  lieight 
and  from  this  circumstance  was  known  among  his  New-Tork 
friends  as  "the  lUtle  gentleman."  His  manners  were  gentle 
an4  conciliatory,  and  Ms  character  such  as  led  him  rather  to  win 
men  by  kindness  and  persuasion,  than  to  awe  and  alarm  them 
by  the  terrors  of  authority.  His  sermons,  composed  in  plain 
and  nervous  language,  were  recommended  by  the  affeclionate 
manner  of  his  delivery,  and  not  unfrequently  found  a  way  to 
the  consciences  of  those  who  had  long  been  insensible  to  any 
real  religious  convictions.  •  The  honorable  title  of  "Fatlier  of 
the  Upper  Canada  Church"  has  been  fitly  bestowed  on  him;  and 
he  deserved  the  name  not  more  by  his  age  and  the  length  of  his 
services  than  by  the  kind  and  paternal  advice  and  encourage- 
ment which  he  was  ever  ready  to  give  those  younger  than  he 
on  their  first  entrance  on  the  mission. 

"Ry  his  wife,  Jane  Okill  of  Philadelphia,  who  was  born  in 
1752,  he  had  five  sons  and  three  daughters.  George  Okill 
Stuart,  the  oldest,  graduated  at  Cambridge,  Mass.;  entered  holy 
orders,  and  was  appointed  Missionary  at  York,  now  Toronto,  in 
1802,  whence  he  removed,  on  his  father^s  death,  to  Kingston,  of 
which  place  he  is  at  present  Archdeacon.  His  second  son,  John, 
embarked  in  trade  but  afterwards  was  appointed  Sheriff  of  tlie 
Johnstown  District,  U.  C.  James,  his  third  son,  studied  law 
under  Jonathan  Sewell  Attorney  General  of  Lower  Canada,  and 
is  now  Chief  Justice  of  that  Province.  Charles  the  fourth  son, 
was  Sheriff  of  the  Midland  District,  and  Andrew  Stuart,  tlie 
youngest  of  these  bo}s,  was  an  eminent  lawyer  in  Quebec, 
which  city  he  represented  many  years  in  the  Colpnial  Legisla- 
ture. He  died  Solicitor  General  of  Lower  Canada  D  Stuart's 
eldest  daughter  was  Jane;  Mary,  the  second  daughter,  mariied 
the  late  Hon»»'«  Charles  Jones  of  Brockville;  and  Ann,  his  third 
daughter  was  the  wife  of  the  late  Patrick  Smith,  Esq.,  of 
Kingston. 

1  London  Colonial  Church  Chronicle  No.  2.  p.  64 


.*!  •' 


1ST  .At'.rUX}l^  g'.'T'i'T^.t 


im 


-a 

■     ■:  •  'ill 

'■ml 

CAPT.  green's  observations    ON  A  PLAN   OF  A  FORT  ORDERED  TO  BB 


xm. 


FOKT  STINWIX. 


I«! 


BUILT  AT  THE  ONEIDA   CARRYING   PLACE. 

Being  ordered  by  Brigadier  General  Stanwix  to  give  my  opin- 
ion in  Writting  of  a  Plan  ordered  for  a  Fort  at  the  Oneida  Carrying 
Place,  paying  a  Comparative  attention  to  a  letter  from  His 
Excellency  General  Abercrombe  Dated  from  the  Camp  at  Lake 
George  July  16  1758.  „;        ;         .       .  .^j 

''heads  of  the  ordered  plan. 

«A  good  Post  to  be  made  at  tiie  Oneida  Carrying  Place  capa- 
ble of  Lodging  200  men  in  the  Winter  and  for  3  or  400  men  in 
the  Summer  for  its  Defence,  with  Loggs — ^A  Parrapet  of  such  a' 
thickness  as  the  Engineer  shall  think  necessary  according  to  the 
tcituation. 

«A  Ditch  to  be  made  to  serve  to  thicken  the  Parrapet — ^Bar- 
racks to  be  made  underneath  the  Rampart,  with  Flues  of  the 
Chimneys  to  come  through  the  Top. 

('The  Square  will  be  Clieapest  Form  to  be  made  use  of  for 
this  Work. 

"The  Bastions  in  Like  manner  can  be  made  Use  of  for  Store- 
houses or  Magazines,  .^'j  »t  i -Uv?  i 

"In  the  Square  may  be  made  Lodging  for  Officers,  and  the 
rest  of  the  Quadrangle  clear — The  whole  to  be  Logged. 

"And  opposite  the  Officers  Barrack  may  be  made  a  Store 
house  for  the  Deposite  of  Indian  Goods." 

By  a  good  Post — I  understand  to  be  meant,  such  a  one,  as  will 
contain  with  ease,  the  said  number  of  Men,  To  be  executed  in 
such  a  manner,  as  to  protect  them  from  a  Coup  de  main  and  to 
be  of  sucli  a  Size,  as  will  admitt  of  a  proper  Defence  by  such  a 
Garrison— y«  Exterior  Side  of  which  Square,  cannot  possibly  be 


3»  ■> 


I  J 


*• 


9Mt» 


PAPERS  RELATING   TO 


•Ms 


m-*- 


m  id 


# 


V       ♦ 


f 'i"  ? 


less  (if  so  little)  than  300  f^  wc*"  procures  but  a  verry  small 
Defence  from  its  flank,  &  will  make  an  Exterior  Circuit  of 
Logging  of  nearly  1420  ft  by  at  the  very  least  14  ft  high 
according  as  the  Scituation  n&tfy  (ne,  &  in  order  to  admitt  of 
Barracks  under  the  Rampart,  to  which  the  Retaining  &  Bracing 
Logg  Works,  as  well  as  the  Logg  work  fronting  the  Interior 
Area,  must  in  course  be  considered,  ieis  Likewise  tlie  Logg  Work 
to  cover  the  Barracks,  Store  houses  &  Magazines  that  are  pro- 
posed to  be  made  under  the  Rampart  of  the  Curtins  and  B&stions 
by  w«>»  it  will  appear,  that  the  greatest  part  of  the  Rampart 
round  this  Post,  must  be  formed  &  Supported  with  Loggwork. 
'  As  I  am  ignorant  of  the  Scituation  conceive  that  any  form  of 
a  Work,  that  does  not  take  up  more  in  its  Exterior  k  int^Hor 
C^fcttit,  Attention,  being  made  to  an  equal  Flank  Defence  must 
be  as  cheap  and  as  good  as  a  Square,  as  it  might  not  be  in  my 
power  strictly  to  adhere  to  that  Figure — As  to  the  thickness  of 
the  Parapet,  being  informed  Cannon  can  be  brought  there  by  the 
Enemy  it  cannot  b«>  less  thatn  12ft.  tf  so  little,  18*  ft.  being  the 
standard  in  su^h  CaSeS. 

Tlie  Rampart  for  the  Mahoeuver  of  Cannon,  and  likewise  to 
admitt  of  a  Reasonable  Ikeadth  for  iht  Barracks  underneath 
cannot  be  less  than  20  ft. 

The  Breadtli  &  Dept  of  the  Ditch  musi  be  considered  in  Pro- 
portion fi>r  the  Earth  Wanted  to  form  the  said  Parrapet,  and  to 
cover  tlie  Loggwork  of  the  Prop<)Sed  Barraieks  Magazines  & 
Storehouses  to  be  madd  trader  the  Rampart. 

His  Excellency  General  Abercrombie  is  pleased  to  dbsem  in 
His  Letter  of  tbe  16  of  July  to  the  following  Purpot— that  He 
does  not  find  liimself  vested  with  y«  Power  of  Building  Forts, 
and  that  His  Excellency  does  not  thibk  that  it  would  be  right 
for  Him  to  Undertake  the  Building  of  tlwse  fie  proposed  &c. 
tee. 

I  humbly  conceive  that  the  Plan  Ordered  for  the  Post  at  Oneida 
Carrying  Place  is  in  all  Respects  and  Circumstances  to  be  consi- 
dered as  a  Fort,  as  it  partakes  not  only  of  the  Figure,  and  the 
respective  parts  of  a  Fort,  but  even  of  the  Parmanent  Intentions 
of  a  Fortress,  as  must  clearly  appear  by  considering  all  the  Par- 
tieulars  Ordered  in  that  Plan,  the  Materials  of  which  it  is  Ordered 


k  !.i    \ 


m- 


FOAT  ItANWIXv 


5d3 


To  be  Built  with  being  only  peculiar  to  the  Country  and  Scitua- 
tiMi,  aiid  can  no  ways  affect  the  Intention  of  that  Vfot^j  and  as 
iolts  ca^^lty  in  point  of  Slie,  ^hd  the  proper  Strength  re^juleite 
in  the  Execution,  when  considered,  it  is  Ordered  To  be  mtid*,  a 
good  Post  for  200  Men  to  400  men  I  should  think  it  my  Duty  to 
execute  it  with  Propriety,  Care,  and  Attention,  in  order  that  it 
might  answer  the  end  proposed— That  of  Covering  that  part  of 
tlie  Country. 

How  fur  this  can  be  executed  (allowing  it  only  to  be  looked 
npon  as  a  Post  instead  of  it's  absolutely  partaking  of  all  the 
Qualitys  &  Intentions  of  a  Fort)  to  answer  the  end  proposed,  of 
jjaving  it  finished  against  the  Winter  must  appear  by  Consider- 
ing 

First  It  will  be  near  the  end  of  this  month  before  'twill  f>e 
b^nupon 

2<"y  How  soon  the  Winter  setts  in  in  that  part  of  the  country . 

3diy  The  great  Quantity  of  Carpenters  Work  to  be  et^chted 
in  Logging  and  Braceiug  at  least  1420  Ft:  Exterior  Circuit  by 
14  feet  liigh,  besides  the  Retaining  Logg  Work,  and  the  Front 
Loggwork  towards  tlie  Interior  Area,  togather  with  covering  the 
Barracks,  Storehouses  and  Magazines  with  Loggs  under  th« 
Rampart,  all  tills  being  composed  of  Heavy  Workmanship,  besides 
the  Lodging  for  the  officers,  and  Storehouse  for  Indian  Goods 

4U>>y  The  Consequences  that  may  attend  this  Post  beitag 
attacked  If  only  half  or  two-thirds  compjeated 

And  lastly,  The  Practibility  of  executing  this  post  before 
(he  Winter  sets  in,  Must  still  further  be  judged,  not  only  hy  the 
number  of  artificers  that  would  be  Requisite  to  Compleat  it  in 
due  time,  but  by  considering  it  is  one  of  the  Reasons  int^i'  alia 
His  Excellency  General  Abercrombie  Himself  Gives  for  ^ayiii^ 
aside  the  Scheme  of  Building  a  Fort  there — By  observing  as  fol- 
lows I'  Besides  when  I  recollect  how  far  the  Season  is  advdhcfed 
and  that  is  not  likely,  that  by  beginning  a  Fort*  now  it  would 
be  finished  against  the  Winter  &  consiquently  not  of  the  Use 
proposed." 

*  I  beg  it  TDAj  be  ron^mbered  that  I  haro  dbnclnded  the  Post  Ordered  if^tcle 


•:f 


•' 


—  i. 


/. 


i' 


'•Ml 


084 


PAFEBS   RELATING  TO 


.  •<.> . ;  i, 


4 


1*1      I      4 


m 


i. 


N.  B:  The  Exterior  Circuite  of  Fort  Edward  is  nearly  1569 
Ft:  And  as  I  am  informed  tobk  nearly  Two  Seasons  to  build  it 
i[in|:the  Exterior  Circuite  of  the  Fort  proposed  will  be  nearly 


1420  Ft.* 


GENL.  ABERCROMBIE  TO  GEN  STANWIX. 

Having  been  told  that  you  had  been  obliged  to  Incampyour 
Troops  at  Schenectady,  thro'  Reason  of  the  Present  shallowness 
of  the  Miiiiawk  River,  where  it  is  said  you  cannot  even  y%t  get 
up  light  Batteaus  xv^^  will  have  prevented  your  forwarding  the 
"ools  and  materials  necessary  for  Building  at  the  Oneida  Carry- 
ng  Place  the  Post  or  Fort  I  directed  by  my  letters  of  the  16  and 
28''  Ins^  should  be  forthwith  built  tliere. 

And  having  since  been  advised,  instead  of  that  Post  or  Fort 
to  build  one  more  extensive,  pursuant  to  a  Plan  laid  before  me 
I  have  accordingly  sent  that  plan  to  L*  "Williams  now  at  Albany 
with  directions  if  his  health  should  Permit  him  to  undertake  the 
same,  immediately  to  join  you  and  set  about  it ;  my  Reason  for 
sending  L*  Williams  is  that  he  is  acquainted  w^  that. part  of  the 
Country,  and  accustomed  to  tlie  method  of  Working  in  it  • 
besides  from  Capt.  Green's  Bad  state  of  health,  and  the  Difficultys 
he  started  to  the  former  PlaUjW*'*  was  not  near  so  extensive  as  it 
is  morally  certain  he  would  not  execute  it  within  proper  time 
which  as  I  observe  before  would  be  doing  nothing  at  all; 
Wherefore,  upon  L*  Williams  arrival,  you  will  allow  Capt  Green 
to  return  to  Albany,  for  the  sake  of  his  health,  from  whence  he 
may  forward  every  thing  tliat  may  be  wanted  either  your  way 
or  up  t!ie  Hudsons  River  and  as  L^  Sowers  is  Williams's  senior, 
he  may  take  a  Trip  w*  L*  Coll"  Bradstreet,  as  from  his  kno\vled|-e 
of  tlie  country  beyond  the  Carry r  Place,  he  may  be  of  service, 
.  and  after  that  enterprize  ternnnates,  you  can  employ  Him  in 
putting  in  Repair  the  little  forts  Below,  for  the  Rp:,>ntion  of 
the  troops  in  Winter ;  this  is  done  to  prevent  any  iuterfering  in 
Command  ■v.h'k!      lam  '^ -i«'^w'!m^np»Tt.5«3f* 


Camp  at  Lake  George  July  27t*  1758. 


# 


,iri<i>'i  • 


FOET  STANWIZ. 


535 


tfi     Kon    C     ^1    '?« 


COILO.  MONTRESORF/S  ANSJVER  TO  CAPT.  GRE 

OBSERVATIONS.  ,  Ai  tlnu 


The  orders  for  building  a  Post  or  Fort  at  Oneida  Carry Injp 
place  were  so  plain  that  they  did  not  seem  to  want  any  Explana- 
tions, except  in  the  Scituation,  w«*>  not  being  exactly  known  the 
figure  of  Course  is  subjected  by  it,  and  tho'  called  a  square,  has 
often  its  four  sides  unequall,  and  as  part  may  be  unattakable  by 
a  8wamp,  morass  i&ca.  that  side  has  a  Parapet  and  Rampart  less 
strong  than  the  others  and  without  a  Bitch,  all  those  alterations 
and  changes  are  left  to  the  Engineer. 

As  to  its  Execution  ;  imongst  the  number  of  Troops  on  the 
llahawk  River,  there  are  no  doubt  carpenters  more  than  su^- 
dent,  who  understand  that  business. 

2*  The  winter  sets  in  there  as  in  the  oy'  parts  of  the  Province 
of  New  York,  and  not  sooner ;  and  as  to  the  Practability  of 
executing  this  post  or  Fort  before  the  winter  Maj'  Eyres  begun 
fort  W™  Henry  in  Sep*  and  it  was  finished  by  the  end  of  Nov 
follbw?  being  an  Irregular  square  of  about  300ft  each  side  with 
PioTincials  alone  and  that  without  any  Expence. 

A.  Fort  Craven  burnt  by  Gen'  Webb.  «f 

B.  F'  Williams  made  of  Stockades  now  destroyed 

C.  F  Stanwix  built  in  1758 

D.  F*  Newport,  a  small  Stockaded  Fort  with  a  Ditch  round  it 

E.  Saw  Mill  built  in  1758  kl  ^i  i.^\ 

F.  The  Mohawk  River 

0.  A  small  Creek  w^  has  its  head  from  three  spring 

Hi  The  Middle  Creek,  has  its  head  at  a  spring  and  Joins  the 
above  Creek  a  little  below  the  Fort.  V'    ' 

1.  The  Saw  Mill  Dam  -      '*"  ^»'  *  i" '     ' 
K.  The  Mill  Race      .j  .    ;    ...,■■            '-  .ullHii^iMfl^inUA 

L.  The  Waste  Race  '-     ^  . ..     ,.        '■:"■. 

M.  The  Road  from  the  Mahawk  River  over  the  Carrying  Place 

to  Fort  Newport. 
N.  Stoney  Creek  part  of  the  Wood  Creek 
0.  A  Drowned  Suamp,  the  head  of  Stoney  Creek         '  '    '  •*;  ' 
,  P.  A  Sluice  and  Dam  to  raise  a  head  of  water  to  float  Batteaus 

to  Fort  Bull. 
Q.  A  wood  Dam  made  by  a  Prodigious  number  of  trees  thrown 

tliere  Promiscuously  by  Freshes 
R.  The  Oswegagie  Indian  Path.  .r  .^  j     .a,  ui  ;4-»i«r 


^■, 


'  Vi ,  ,  , 


. » 

i.-i' 


.1  'f 


.li . 


'4 


I 


i.^' 


1     4 


I 


;..  I 


FArEBS  BELATIWO  TO 


The  Black  Mold  of  this  Land  in  general  goes  to  4  or  5  feet 
deaf ,  tlien  ibr  about  2  foot  deep  a  Blew  Pipe  day,  then  a  gravel- 
ly attd  Sandy  Bottom. 

AH  the  ground  from  the  Mark  •  to  the  Mahawk  river  is  of 
one  and  the  same  nature  and  all  the  Ground  without  tliat  to 
whose  the  ground  begins  to  rise  is  of  a  Swampy  nature,  but  of  i| 
Rich  soil,  but  lying  so  much  below  the  Interval  Lands  are  wet 
&  impassible  without  being  drained. 

The  part  that  is  marked  for  Stoney  ground  is  composed  of 
Round  pebble  stones  mixed  with  Gravel  and  Sand,  till  you  dig  6 
foot  deep,  then  small  Gravel  and  Sand. 

Tlie  ground  where  the  Fort  is  built  is  10  foot  higher  than  the 
Swamps  and  low  Lands  and  descend  gradually  to  Fort  Newport. 

The  Land  marked  for  level  ground  to  the  east  of  Oswegagie 
Path  fal^  about  8  foot  below  the  highland  and  is  j|eyel  g(H>d 
^rrable  Land,  but  not  interval.  "^ 

Thrp'  the  Swajnp  0  runs  severall  sQiaQ  Creeks  w«>>  being  join- 
ed at  jP  n;>ake  what  is  calle^  Stoney  Creek,  w^b  at  midling  dry 
Seasons  is  too  shallow  to  float  Batteaus  to  Fo^t  Bull  for  wiiich 
Reason  a  little  above  P  there  is  a  Pani  and  Sluice  to  Raise  a  head 
of  Water  in  the  Swamp  0.  Tlie  Sluice  is  shut  6  or  8  liours 
before  the  Batteaus  are  to  go  to  end  from  Fort  Bull,  when  re^dy, 
it  is  opened  w<a  gives  water  sufficient  to  float  them. 

T)ie  Portage  as  the  Road  runs  over  the  Carrying  Place  is  5940 
feet  but  the  Streight  Prickt  Line  S  is  about  4980  feet  thro  the 
Spine  Swamp  w»"»  is  nearly  on  a  level,  thro'  w*  If  a  Ditch  waj 
cut  Loaded  Batteaus  might  go  and  have  no  Portage  att  all, 
besides  by  a  Sluice  it  jnight  be  mod?  a  dry  or  a  Navigable 
channel  at  Pleasure. 

AH  within  the  Line  of  trees  as  marked  in  the  Plan  is  cleared; 
all  the  rest  of  the  Country  is  covered  with  tall  Timber  Trees, 
and  but  little  underwoods ;  Tlie  Swamp  on  the  tlie  S,  W^  of  F' 
Stanwix,  is  cliiefly  Pine  and  some  White  Cedar  j  There  are  also 
some  white  Pines  in  the  Swamp  on  the  East  side  of  the  Fort,  all 
the  rest  of  the  woods  are  Elm,  Beach,  Rock  Maple,  Blrtch, 
Popplar,  and  a  few  Trees  of  the  wild  Cherry  kind  ;  The  Flan 
is  laid  down  by  a  Scale  of  4ppf^  to  an  In^  from  axi  actual  Survey 
Taken  in  Nov  1758.  '''"M,^m''  mT 


'■-"Vir  5^1 


*, 


or  5  feet 
nagrayel- 

river  is  of 
)ut  that  to 
re,  but  of  a 
ds  are  wet 

mposed  of 

I  you  dig  6 

,er  than  the 

rt  Newport. 

'  Osvuegagie 

level  good 

^  being  join- 
midllng  dry 

II  for  which 
iseahead 

or  8  liours 
hen  ready, 

'lace  is  5940 

set  thro  the 

|a  Ditch  wafi 

ige  att  all, 

Navigable 

is  cleared ; 
bber  Trees, 
S.WtofF 
[ere  are  also 
Lhe  Fort,  all 
|ple,  Birtch, 

;  The  Plan 
ktual  Survey 


> 


,1- 


t      , ) 


0 


DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  WOOD  CUT. 


,H^' 


'til' 


This  Fort  was  begun  Aug*  the  23>i  1758  by  the  Troops  under 
the  Command  of  Brigd'  Gen'  Staiiwix  and  finished  in  en  Barbette 
as  Represented  in  Ihe  draught  of  Nov'  18^  1758  the  yellow 
shows  what  parts  are  unfinished  A  is  a  small  creek  wc>>  runs 
southward,  and  has-  its  heads  from  three  springs  500  yards 
above  the  Fort.  B.  The  Road  from  the  Landing  place  on  the 
Mahawk  River  over  the  Carrying  place  to  Fort  Niewport.  C.  a 
section  thro  D  £  taking  in  the  Ditch  the  Common  bread,  u  of  40 
foot  and  not  the  Breadth  as  it  is  up  the  middle  of  the  Curthi. 
The  Fort  is  built  on  a  Level  spot  of  Ground  Composed  of  Pebble 
stones  mixed  w*  Gravel  and  Sand  and  is  to  the  Eastward  and 
Southward  19f^  above  the  Level  of  the  Swamps  and  Low  lands. 
To  the  Northward  the  Ground  is  much  on  a  Level  with  the  fort, 
but  to  the  Westward  it  descends  gradually  for  three  Quarters  of 
a  Mile  to  Fort  Niewport  to  the  Common  Ib^el  of  the  Swamps. 
To  the  West,  North,  and  Eastward,  the  woods  aro  Cleared, 
between  3  and  4  hund^  yards,  and  to  the  Southw^*  700  yards. 
F  a  Magazine  65  foot  long  by  16  f*  wide  Bomb  Proof.  The 
loggs  of  wc>>  the  fort  is  built  are  generally  2  f^  thick,  flatted  on 
the  upper  and  under  sides.  The  Casementes  (at  present  Barracks) 
are  covered  w*  two  teer  of  Square  timber  from  12  to  24  In* 
broad  by  12  In'  thick  as  Represented  in  the  Profil. 


■0 


,^••?■«■■ 


n. 


•':'' 


'   ■        4.' 


XIV. 


CONTROVERSY 


BSTWUN 


11'    >  #  -'    •  * 


',\ 


r    'r^/t 


NEW  YORK  AND  NEW  HAMPSHIRE, 


BESPECTINO  THE  TEBRITOBT  HOW  TBS  STATK  OF 


VERMONT. 


Vol. 


IV. 


34 


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GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  CLINTON.    ^^    ^ 

Portsmouth,  Novembe'  17t»>  1749. 
Sir 

I  have  it  in  command  from  His  Mt^esty  to  make  Grants  of« 
the  unimproved  Lands  within  my  Government,  to  Such  of  the 
Inhabitants  and  others,  as  shall  apply  for  Grants  for  the  Same, 
as  wiU  oblige  themselves  to  Settle  and  improve,  agreeable  to  his 
Majesty's  Instructions. 

The  War  liitherto  has  prevented  me  from  making  So*  great  a 
progress  as  I  hoped  for,  on  my  first  appointment ;  but  as  there  is 
a  prospect  of  a  lasting  peace  with  the  Indians,  in  which  Your 
Excellency  has  had  a  great  Share,  people  are  daily  applying  for 
Grants  of  Land  in  all  Quarters  of  this  Government,  And  parti- 
cularly Some  for  Townships  to  be  laid  out  in  the  Western  part 
thereof,  which  will  fall  in  the  Neighbourhood  of  your  Govern- 
ment. ....... 

I  think  it  my  duty  to  apprize  You  thereof,  and  to  Transmit  to 
your  Excellency  the  description  of  New  Hampshire,  as  the  King 
has  determined  it  in  the  words  of  my  Commission,  which  after 
you  have  Considered,  I  shall  be  glad  you  will  be  pleased  to  give 
me  your  Sentiments  in  that  manner  it  will  afifect  the  Grants  made 
by  you  or  preceeding  Governours,  it  bein|;  my  intention  to  avoid 
as  much  as  I  can,  Consistant  with  his  Majesty's  Instructions, 
Interferring  with  Your  Government 

Inconsequence  of  his  M^esty's  Determination  of  the  boun- 
dary's between  New  Hampshire  and  the  Massachusets,  A 
Surveyor  and  proper  Chainmen  were  appointed  to  Run  the 
Western  Line,  from  three  Miles  North  of  Pautucket  Tails,  AigT 
the  Surveyor  upon  Oath  has  declared,  that  it  Strikes  Hudson: 
River  about  eighty  poles  between,  where  Mowhawks  River  comes 
into  Hudson's  River,  which  I  presume  is  North  of  the  City  of 
Albany,  for  which  Reason  it  will  be  necessary  for  me  to  be 


r" 


f 


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I  * 


.:^ 


41 


la-'v'' :    ■, 


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f^>^^ 


■ft 

*  t 


P. 


4 


532  # 


CONTROVEBSY  RESPECTING  THE 


informed  how  far  North  of  Albany  the  Government  of  New  York 
Extends  by  his  Majesty's  Comoflssion  to  your  Excellency,  and 
how  many  Miles  to  the  Eastward  of  Hudson's  River,  to  the 
Northward  of  the  Massachusets  Line,  that  I  may  Govern  myself 
accordingly.  And  il  in  the  Execution  of  the  King's  Commands. 
With  respect  to  the  Lands^  I  (ttii  oblige  iiUiydf^our  Excellency's 
Friends  I  am  allways  at  your  Service. 
I  sm  irith  th^  gr^tb^  re^j^t 
Sir  Tour  Excellencys 

most  Obedient  humble  Servant 

B.  Wentworth. 


DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  toUNDS  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

• 
George  the  Second  by  the  Grade  of  God,  of  Great  Britain  France 
and  Ireland  King  JDefender  of  the  Faith  &c. 

To  oiir  Trusty  and  Well  beloved  Benning  "Wentworth  Esq' 
Greeting  Know  You  that  We  reposing  especial  Trust  and  Confi- 
dence in  the  prudence  Courage  and  Loyalty  of  you  the  said 
Benning  ^l^entworfh  Out  of  our  Espedal  Grace,  Certain  know- 
ledge and  Meer  Motion,  have  thought  fit,  to  Constitute  and 
appoint  and  by  these  presents  do  constitute  and  appoint  you  the 
said  Benning  Wentworth  to  be  our  d^overnor  and  Commander 
in  chief  of  our  province  of  New  tlampshixe,  within  Our  Domi- 
nions of  New  England  ^  America,  bounded  on  the  south  side, 
by  a  simuiaf  Curve  line  pursuing  the  Course  of  Merrimac  River, 
at  three  Miles  distance,  on  the  North  side  thereof,  beginning  at 
the  Atlantick  Ocean  k  ending  at  a  j[)oint  due  North  of  a  place 
called  pautucket  Falls,  and  by  a  Straight  Line  drawn  from 
titmice  due  West  (Jross  the  said  Hiver  'till  it  meets  with  our 
otner  Governments,  and  bounded  on  the  South  Side  by  a  line 
passing  up  through  the  Moutli  of  Piscataqua  datbour,  and  up 
the  Middle  o^  the  River,  to  the  Riv^  of  Newichwannock,  pari 
of  which  is  now  called  Salmon  Auj  and  through  the  Middle  or 
the  same  to  the  I^urtliest  head  thereof,  and  from  thence  North 


,^t^* 


■«'» 


NTWOKTH. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  OEANTS. 


533 


two  d^rees  Westerly,  untill  one  hundred  and  twenty  miles  be 
linisbed  from  the  Mouth  of  piscataqua  Harbour  aforesaid,  or 
unf^ll  it  meets  with  our  Other  Governments. 

His  Majesty's  Description  of  the  province  of  New  Hampshire, 
as  it  stands  in  his  Excellency's  Commission. 

Givep  at  Whitehall  July  the  S^  in  the  15u>  Tear  of  His  Majes- 
ty's Rejgn-  Attest 

Theodore  Atkinson  Seo'ry. 
Province  of     f 
Newflampste  J  ^ 

fortem*  I^oV»  W,  1749. 

^n  Council  New  Tork,  3  Aprill750.  '. 
Ordered  that  his  Excellency  do  acquaint  Governor  Wentworth 
That  this  Province  is  bounded  Eastward  by  Connecticut  River 
The  letters  Patent  from  Kmg  Charjies  the  %^  to  the  Duke  of  Tork 
Expressly  granting  all  the  stands  from  the  W(^st  side  of  Conneo- 
ticut  River  to  tl^e  l^t  side  of  Deiiaware  bay. 


,ft)»'i'i!>«  ^'liili 


*■♦  ^ 


A 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV;  CLINTON. 

HTHO/fT^aVf  J*     Portsmouth,  April  25«>  1750. 
Sir 

I  have  the  Honour  of /our 'Uxcellency's  letter  of  the  9^^  Inst, 
before  me,  in  which  you  are  pleased  to  give  me,  the  opinion  of 
His  Majesty's  Council  of  ybur  Govwnment,  that  Connecticut 
River  is  the  Eastemboundary  of  New-York  Government,  which 
would  have  been  entirely  Satisfactory  to  me,  on  the  Subject  of 
my  Letter,  had  not  the  two  Charter  Governments  of  Connecticut, 
&  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  extended  their  bounds  many  miles  to 
the  Westward  of  Said 'River;  and  it  being  the  opimon  of  Majes- 
ty's Council  of  this  Government,  v^hose  Advice  I  am  to  take  on 
these  Occasions,  that  New  Hampshire  had  an  equal  right  to  claim 
the  Same  extent  of  Western  boundary's  with  those  Charter 
Governments,  I  had  in  consequence  of  their  Advice,  before  your 
Letter  came  to  my  hands,  granted  one  Township  due  North  of 
the  Massachusetts^Line,  of  the  Contents  of  Six  Miles  Square,  and 


■i] 


^^,  ,^, 


r^  *r-i^! 


V* 


F  1. , 


!f^%*"*i 


M 


M* 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


by  measurement  twenty-four  miles,  east  of  the  City  of  Albany 
presuming  that  this  Government  was  bounded  by  the  Same  North 
and  South  line  with  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusets  Bay 
before  it  met  with  liis  Majesty's  other  Governments. ' 

Altho'  I  am  prohibited  by  his  M^esty's  Commission  to  inter- 
fere with  his  other  Governments,  Yet  it  is  presumed  that  I  should 
Strictly  adhere  to  the  Limits  prescribed  therein,  and  I  assure 
you  that  I  am  very  far  from  desiring  to  make  the  least  incroach- 
ment,  or  Set  on  foot  any  dispute  on  these  points.  It  will  there- 
fore give  me  great  Satisfaction,  if  at  your  leisure,  you  can  hiform 
me  by  what  Authority  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusetts- 
Government  claim'd  So  far  to  the  Westward  as  they  have  Settled, 
and  in  the  mean  time  I  shall  desist  from  Making  any  further 
Grants  on  the  Western  Frontier  of  my  Government,  that  may 
have  the  least  probability  of  Interfering  with  your  Government. 
I  am  with  great  respect.  Sir, 

Tour  Excellency's  most  obedient 

humi*  servant, 
B.  Wentwobth. 


It  ferret. 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  GOV.  WENTWORTH. 

New  York  June  the  6ti>  1750. 
Sir 

I  have  received  your  Letter  of  the  25^  April  last  in  answer 
to  mine  of  the  9^  of  same  month,  respecting  the  Eastern  Boun- 
dary of  this  province  wherein  you  desire  to  be  informed  by 
what  Authority  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusetts  Governments 
claim  so  far  to  the  westward  as  they  have  Setled. 

As  to  Connecticut,  their  Claim  is  founded  upon  an  agreement 
with  this  Government,  in  or  about  the  year  1684,  afterwards 
corffirmed  by  King  William  j  in  Consequence  of  which  the  Lines 
between  the  two  Governments  were  run,  and  the  Boundaries 
marked  in  the  year  1725,  as  appear  by  the  Commissioners  and 

1  "  In  allnsion  to  hia  own  name,  he  (Got.  Wentworth)  gaye  to  th!a  township 
,tJtaoAmeotBeimiDg-ton."— William^  HUt.Vtrwtont. 

^      '  ^  '■    •       *  -:■*' 

m  *    . 


mn    HBW  HAMPSHIRE  OftAllTS. 


535 


Surveyors  Proceedings  of  Record  here— But  it  is  presumed  the 
Massachusetts  Qovernment  at  first  possessed  themselyes  of 
those  Lands  by  Intrusion,  and  thro  the  negligence  of  this  Oov- 
ernment,  have  hitherto  continued  their  Possession,  the  Lands  not 
being  private  Property. 

From  the  Information  I  liave,  there  is  Reason  to  apprehend 
that  the  Lands  within  the  Township  you  have  lately  granted,  or 
part  of  them,  have  been  granted  here;  And  as  my  answer  to 
your  Letter  might  probably  have  furnished  you  with  objections 
against  any  Grant  which  might  interfere  with  this  Province  I 
am  Surprised  you  did  not  wait  'till  it  came  to  hand,  before  you 
proceeded  therein.  If  it  is  still  in  your  power  to  recall  the 
Grant,  your  doing  So,  will  be  but  a  piece  of  justice  to  this  Gov- 
ernment, otherwise  I  shall  think  myself  obliged  to  Send  a  Repre- 
lentation  of  the  Matter  to  be  laid  before  his  M^esty. 

lam&o 

To  flovemour  Wentworth.  I 


■  i. 


T 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 
« 

Portsmouth  June  22<>  1750. 

Sir 

A3  soon  as  your  Letter  of  the  6^  instant  came  to  my  hands,  I 
thoH  it  proper  to  have  the  Sense  of  His  Majesty's  Council 
thereon,  who  were  unanimously  of  the  opinion,  not  to  commence 
a  dispute  with  your  Excellency's  Government,  respeci  Jig  the 
Extent  of  Western  Boundary  to  New  Hampshire,  until  His 
Majesty's  pleasure  should  be  further  known;  Accordingly  the 
Council  have  advised,  that  I  shall  on  the  part  of  New  Hamp- 
shire make  a  representation  of  the  matter  to  bis  Majesty,  rely 
lug  that  your  Excellency  will  do  the  Same  on  the  part  of  New 
York,  &  that  whatever  shall  be  determined  thereon,  this  Gov- 
ernment will  Esteem  their  duty  to  Acquiesce  in,  without  any 
further  dispute,  which  I  am  hopeing  will  be  Satisfactory  on  that 
point. 


-m 


1^ 


MM 


I 


OOMBMCTKMV  aMlBCTim  THB 


t' 


'M 


(»)  ^Whml  Ant  wvole  jwa  on  this  Subject,  I  tho't  I  had  given 
*  Suffiflient  time  to  noeire  an  Answer  to  my  letter,  before  I  had 
fixed  the  Day  for  ptssifig  the  gnnt  refer'd  to  in  your  Letter, 
'  .fr>M  the  persons  oonoen^d  therein  lived  at  a  great  distance,  it 
was  inconvenient  for  them  to  be  Delay'4,  beyond  the  appointed 
Ixtime;  I  wasnotapprehenslve  any  Difficulty  could  arrise  by  con- 
4neb;i«  n^y  Self  to  the  Western  boundary s  of  the  two  Charter 
tGovsemmcnts,  accordingly  I  passed  the  pattent  about  ten  Days, 
itielfore  your  favour  of  the  6*)^  of  January  li740  came  to  hand. 

Vhereisno  possibility  of  raoateing  the  giant  as  you  desire, 
hut  if  it  falls  by  His  Majesty's  determination  in  the  Government 
•iqf  New  York,  it  will  be  voidof  course. 

labaU  bogkd  the  method  I  have  proposedimay  be  agmible 
^tOifOurfPfovinoe,  and  if  Submitting  this  affidr  to  His  Majesty, 
meets  witl^  your  approbation  I  shall  upon  receiving  an  Answer 
loose  no  time  in  Transmitting  what  concerns  this  province  to  th« 
proper  Officers.  I  am  with  the  greatest  respect  Sir 
Tour  Excellency's  most  obedient 

humle  Servant 
"        B.  Wentwobth. 
His  £zcell7  Governor  Clinton. 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  GOV.  WENTWORTR       " 

New  York  25**  July  1750 

xf  I  have  taken  the  Sentiments  of  his  Majesty's  Council  on  your 
Excellency's  Letter  of  the  22  Ulto.  respecting  the  extent  of  the 

.  Western  Boundary  of  your  Government,  who  think  it  highly 
expedient  I  should  lay  before  his  Majesty  a  Representation  of  tiie 
Matter  on  the  part  of  this  province,  and  as  you  propose  to  do 
the  like  on  the  part  of  New  Hampshire,  they  are  of  opinion  it 
will  be  for  the  mutual  Advantage  of  both  Governments,  if  we 
exchange  Copies  of  each  others  Representation  on  this  Head:  If 
you  approve  of  this  I  will  Send  you  a  Copy  of  mine  accordingly. 


:e) 


j(       M£W  HAMPSHIAB  GiUdlTS. 


r 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Portsmouth  Sep'  2^  1750 

Sir 

Upon  my  Laying  your  ftvour  of  the  25<»>  July  before  His 
Majesty's  Council,  it  was  advised  agreeable  to  your  proposal,  that 
Exchanges  of  the  Representations,  made  both  by  your  Excelleney 
ft  myself,  to  His  Majesty,  for  determining  the  Boundary's  between 
His  two  Governments,  might  contribute  to  the  Speedy  Settle- 
ment thereof,  &  without  expence  on  either  Side;  I  shall  therefore, 
B8  Soon  as  mine  is  perfected,  transmit  you  an  authentic  Copy 
tiiereof,  &  shall  endeavour  to  mdke  it  as  Short  and  plain,  as  the 
nsture  &  circumstances  of  the  matter  will  admit.  I  am  with 
peat  thruth  Sir  Your  Excellencys 

Most  Obedient  ♦ 

Hum'e  Servant 

His  ExcellJ'  Gov'  Clinton  .     . .  B.  Wentworth 


iYJ  hiv4l'i  fsl  ' 


f 


I'M* 

.  .krv 


•■<.• 


REPORT  OF  THE  ATTORNEY  GENERAL  (^  NEW  YORK.  . 

To  his  IJxcellency  the  liionourable  George  Clinton  Captajin 
Generall  aud  Goverjaour  in  Chief  of  the  Province  v<jf 
New  YfOrk  and,  Territojries  thereon  depending  In  Afpp 
ricfi,  Yiee  Adn^xal  of  tlie  Same,  &  Admiial  ot  >ti^e 
W]ute  S<iua4ron  of  his  Majestys  Fleet,  In  Couucil. 
TheRepreseAtation  of  Richard  Bradley  Esq'  Attorney  Ge|i|Q)?fl 
of  the  province  of  New  York. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  in  obedience  to  your  Excellency's  order  in  Couneillof 
the  24ih  of  July  last  past  j  I  have  Perused  and  Considered  t^e 
papers  laid  l)efore  me  by  your  Excellency's  Said  order.  Relating 
to  the  Eastern  Boundarys  of  this  Province  of  New  York ;  North 
of  the  western  Bounds  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut,  in  order , to 
discover  and  ascertain  the  bounds  between  this  Government  and 
the  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  fpr  which  purpose,  I  beg 
leave  to  Lay  beibre  your  Excellency  thje  Following  ObservatitNfts. 


mil:,  ♦! ' '' 


538 


00MTR0VEB8Y  RESPECTING  THE 


That  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  Seem  to  foun^i  their 
right  of  Extending  the  bounds  of  that  Government  Westward 
upon  the  Examples  Set  them  by  the  two  Charter  Govermnents 
of  Massachusetts  Bay  and  Connecticut,  and  Conchide  that  because 
those  two  Governments  have  extended  their  western  boundg 
within  about  twenty  miles  of  Hudsons  River  that  therefore  the 
province  of  New  York  does  not  extend  further  Eastward,  and 
that  the  Bounds  of  Hampshire  Government  must  In  Consequence 
thereof  Extend  within  the  Same  distance  of  the  Said  River. 

I  shall  therefore  in  the  first  place  endeavour  to  Shew  that 
what  the  Said  two  Charter  Governments  have  done  ought  not  to 
be  of  any  weight  with  regard  to  the  Settlement  of  the  bounds 
Between  this  Government  and  the  Government  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, and  Shall  afterwards  Endeavour  to  Shew  from  Such  papers 
^d  materials  as  I  have  been  able  to  collect,  what  ought  to  be 
oonsidered  as  the  bounds  of  this  Government. 

That  the  line  between  this  Government  and  the  Colony  of 
Connecticut  is  within  about  20  miles  of  Hudson's  River  is  Cer- 
tain ;  but  then  the  claim  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  to  that 
line,  is  founded  upon  an  agreement  made  with  this  Government 
in  or  about  the  year  1684,  which  agreement  was  afterwards 
Confirmed  by  King  William  and  thereupon  the  Lines  between 
the  two  Governments  were  run  and  the  Bounds  marked  by 
Commissioners  from  both  in  the  year  1725,  which  has  fixed  the 
Eastern  bounds  of  this  Colony  about  20.  miles  East  of  Hudson's 
tivel',  as  far  north  as  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  Extends ;  but 
that  that  Agreement  with  Connecticut  Relating  to  the  Bounds 
between  that  Government  and  this.  Should  be  made  use  of  as  a 
r«a8on  for  Confining  this  Government  to  the  Same  lines  or  bounds 
from  Hudson's  ri  "er  north  of  the  bounds  of  Connecticut  Govern- 
ment, I  conceive  would  be  altogether  unjust ;  Because  that  was 
a  Special  agreement  between  those  two  Governments  only,  and 
had  not  any  manner  of  Relation  to  the  bounds  of  this  Govern- 
ment, north  of  the  Connecticutt  Government ;  but  left  those 
bounds  iu  the  Same  manner  That  they  were  before  that  agreement 
Took  Place  ;  and  the  Boundaries  there  to  be  Settled  and  ascer- 
tained upon  other  Reasons  and  Considerations  than  took  place 
and  were  of  weight  in  Settling  the  bounds  between  this  and  the 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


689 


Qorernment  of  Connectlcutt  j  tis  true,  that  the  Government  of 
Massachusetts  bay,  have  under  pretence  that  this  Government 
ought  to  be  Confined  to  the  Same  bounds.  Intruded  upon  and 
taken  possession  of  the  Lands  Eastward  of  that  distance  from 
Hudsons  river  j  but  that  they  have  So  done,  without  pretence 
of  right,  I  think  will  manifestly  appear  by  Considering  the  words 
pf  their  Charter  which  as  they  nave  Printed  it  in  their  own  law 
book  are  These  viz  : 

«A11  that  part  of  New  England  In  America  lying  &  Extending 
((from  the  Great  River  Commonly  called  Monomack  alias  Meri- 
«mack  on  the  North  part  and  from  three  miles  northward  of  the 
"Said  River  to  the  Atlantick  or  western  Sea  or  Oceon  on  the 
"South  part  And  all  the  Lands  and  hereditaments  whatsoever 
« lying  within  the  Limitts  aforesaid  and  Extending  as  far  as  the 
« Outermost  points  or  Promontaries  of  land  called  Cape  Cod  and 
('Cape  Malabar  north  and  south  and  in  Latitude  Breadth  and  in 
« length  and  Longitude  of  and  within  all  the  Breadth  &  Compass 
« aforesaid  throughout  the  main  Ltmd  there  froni  the  said  Atlan- 
«tick  or  w«..)tern  Sea  and  Ocean  on  the  East  part  towards  the 
« South  Sea  or  westward  as  far  as  our  Colonies  of  Rhode  Island, . 
«Cloiinecticut,  and  the  N&rragansett  Country  &c. 

These  words  seem  to  me 'very  Plainly  to  Express  that  the 
bounds  of  that  Government  is  to  extend  from  the  western  ocean 
on  the  Eaist  to  the  Eastern  bounds  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut 
on  the  west  and  no  further.  And  altho  that  Goverment  have 
Endeavoured  to  construe  the  words  viz*  Westward  as  far  as  our 
Ci^mies  of  Wiode  Island^  Connecticut  and  the  Jfaragansetts  Coun- 
try ;  To  intend  and  mean  that  the  bounds  of  that  Government 
was  to  run  westward  as  far  as  the  Western  bounds  of  the  Colony 
of  Connecticut.  Yet  I  think  such  construction  of  these  words 
ought  not  to  take  Place,  for  supposing  the  words  would  bear  the 
construction  Contended  for  by  them,  tis  also  Certain  they  will 
bear  the  construction  contended  for  by  me  as  above  j  and  there- 
fore may  be  taken  to  two  Intents,  and  this  being  a  Grant  of  the' 
Crown  to  subjects,  I  conceive  ought  to  be  construed  most  in 
Favour  of  the  Crown,  because  it  is  a  standing  rule  at  Law,  that 
the  Grant  of  Every  common  person  is  Taken  more  strong  against 
himself  and  more  Favourable  against  a  Stranger,  but  a  Grant  of 


■K: 


i^     ■.''''i' 


14' 
^=|- 


jM«^^^  .'?r 


H«  J"  '     ' 

II*  11  '  .  ,*      ■  ♦ 


.9 


fel'-K  '     '  '  ' 


(MO 


CONTROVERSY   REtPECTIMO  THK 


the  King  is  Taken  more  strong  against  a  Stranger,  and  mor« 
Favourable  as  to  tlio  King,  so  as  no  Prejudice  shall  accrue  to 
the  King  by  construction  or  Implication,  and  wheti  the  Charter 
of  the  King  may  be  Taken  to  two  Intents,  and  both  Intents  are 
of  Effect,  In  such  Cases  it  shall  be  Taken  to  such  lutent  as  is 
most  Beneficial  for  the  King.  I  Conclude  therefore,  that  sup|)o- 
sing  the  above  words  in  the  Grant  may  be  Taken  to  two  Intents 
as  I  have  sliewn  above,  that  as  the  Intention  or  Construction  of 
those  words  Contended  for  by  me  is  most  Beneficial  for  the 
Crown,  as  Loss  of  the  Lands  belonging  to  the  Crown  will  pass 
by  such  Construction  ;  I  conceive  such  construction  ought  to 
take  place ;  and  not  the  Construction  contended  for  by  the  Gov- 
ernment of  Massachusetts  bay  ;  and  then  the  Eastern  bounds  of 
the  Colony  of  Connecticut  will  be  the  Western  Bounds  of  that 
Cbverament,  and  of  course  aU.  Lands  Entred  upon  by  them 
westward  of  those  Bounds  must  be  an  Intrusion,  and  what  they 
had  no  right  to  do  :  Besides  this,  it  appears  by  the  Grant  to 
the  Duke  of  Ycxrk  first  made  in  the  year  1663  and  by  the  Regrant 
or  confirmation  tliereof  in  the  year  1674,  After  the  Dutch 
Conquest  in  1673  that  King  Charles  the  Second  Granted  to  the 
said  Duke  liis  heirs  and  assigns.  "  All  that  Island  or  Islands 
"eommonly  knc^n  by  the  name  of  mattowacks  or  Long  Island 
<<Scituate  and  being  towards  the  west  of  Cape  Cod  and  the  Nar- 
"row  Higgaasetts  butting  upon  the  Main  Land  Between  the 
"Two  Rivers  there  called  &  known  by  the  several  nanaesof 
(^ConneAtiout  and  Hudsons  rivor  together  also  with  the  said 
"River  called  Hudsons  rh^er  and  all  the  Lands  from  the  west 
^aideof  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  side  of  Delaware  Bay. 
As  by  the  record  of  the  said  Grants  in  the  Secretarys  office  of 
this  province  more  fully  appears  by  which  Grant  I  conceive  the 
Duke  of  York  in  the  said  year  1674  became  seized  of  Hudson's 
river  even  to  the  most  Northermost  Extent  thereof  (the  whole 
River  being  Expressly  Granted  to  him)  and  of  all  tlie  Lands  west- 
ward of  Connecticut  River  &c  in  ffee.  This  being  the  Case,  1 
conceive  tis  Extreamly  absurd  for  th«  Government  of  Massachu- 
setts bay,  to  Contend  that  by  the  words  of  their  Charter  (which 
uras  Granted  by  King  William  in  the  Year  1693.  Long  alter 
the  Grant  to  tlie  Duke  of  York)  their  western  bounds  are  to 


KEW  HAHPSHIRC  QRANTI. 


641 


eitend  within  20  mfles  of  Huiffson's  i*iver.  Becansts  from  the 
lime  of  the  said  Grant  to  tlic  Diike  of  York,  anrt  his  sending 
Oovemours  orer  to  take  and  keep  possession  of  the  Lands 
Granted  to  him,  the  Land  hi  Question  became  part  of  this  Gov- 
ernment, and  as  they  wcr^  part  of  his  Grant,  And  tho'  the  Oov- 
ernment  afterwards  Came  to  the  hands  of  the  Ctown,  ami 
Oovemours  were  then  appointed  hy  the  Crown  who  held  the 
iune  for  the  Crown  at  the  time  of  the  Grant  to  the  Massaohu- 
jetts  Government  in  1699.  Tet  I  find  nd  one  Instance  In  which 
the  Crown  has  so  much  as  Described  the  Government  by  anj' 
Particular  Bounds  much  lesS*  abridged  or  donflned  it  to  any 
Narrower  Limitts  than  it  had  at  the  time  it  Belonged  to  the 
Duke  of  York  so  far  from  that,  that  the  Crown  has  all  along  and 
continue  Even  to  this  day,  to  appoint  Govemours  of  this  provtace 
without  Describing  it  by  any  bounds  whatever ;  which  seems 
plainly  to  shew  that  the  Crown  considered  the-  Bounds  of  this 
Qoremment  as  being  sufficiently  ascertained  by  the  Grant  to 
the  Duke  of  York ',  and  Intended  the  Limitts  and  bounds  of  it 
should  be  the  same  it  was  in  the  Duke's  time,  but  should  the 
Construction  Contended  fur  by  them  take  place ;  it  must  suppose 
that  the  Crown  Intended  by  the  Grant  to  them,  to  Convey  part 
of  this  Government  to  them  when  at  the  same  time  it  Intended 
that  th,^s  Government  should  have  the  same  Limitts  and  bounds 
as  it  had  in  the  TPime  of  the  Duke  of  York  which  as  I  said  before, 
I  think  is  Very  absurd ;  and  must  farther  make  it  appear  that 
the  constructiofl  of  their  Chartttf  as  contended  for,  by  them  j 
Cannot  be  What  the  Crown  Intended  by  it ;  and  must  on  th« 
oier  hand  sh6w,that  what  I  contend  for,  must  be  right,  because 
by  such  Construction  those  absulrc^ities  arte  avoided. 

I  know  it  trill  be  objected  to  this,  that  King  James  the  fii^st  in 
the  ISt**  ye^r  of  his  lleign  did  Grant  the  land  in  Question  with 
theta  unto  the  Council  Established  at  Plymouth  in  the  County 
of  Dtvm  for  the  Planting  Ruling  ordering  and  Governing  c/t 
M  England  in  Amerlcii ;  and  to  their  Successors  and  assigifis 
and  That  that  Council  in  th^  thitd  year  of  King  Charles  the  first, 
Granted  to  Sir  Henry  HosT^'ell  SIi*  John  Young  Knight,  Thomas 
Southcott  ^  othets  their  tisfgus  and  their  associates  tot  evei», 
viii  "  An  thiit  part  of  New  England  in  America  aforesaid 


!!(■( 


'»!!'■ 


642 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


<<  which  lies  and  extends  between  ::x  great  River  there  commoiilv 
"  called  Monomack  alias  Merimack  and  a  Certain  other  River 
<'  there  called  Charles  river  being  in  a  Bottom  of  a  Certain  Say 
"  there  commonly  Called.  Massachusetts  alias  Mattachusetts  alias 
"  Massatusetts  bay ;  and  also  all  and  Singular  those  Lands  and 
« Hereditaments  whatsoever  lying  within  The  Space  of  three 
<(  English  miles  on  the  south  part  of  the  said  Charles  River  or  of 
"  any  and  every  part  Thereof ;  and  also  all  and  singular  the  lands 
<<  and  hereditaments  whatsoever  lying  and  being  within  the  space 
<<  of  Three  English  miles  to  the  Southward  of  the  Southermost  part 
<<  of  the  Said  Bay,  called  Massachusetts  alias  Mattachusetts  alias 
"  Massatusetts  bay ;  and  also  all  those  lands  and  hereditaments 
"  whatsoever  which  lye  and  be  within  the  space  of  Three  English 
«  miles  to  the  Northward  of  the  said  River,  Called  Monomack 
"  alias  Merimack  or  the  Northward  of  any  or  every  part  Thereof 
'<  and  all  Lands  and  Hereditaments  whatsoever  lying  within  the 
<<  Limits  aforesaid  North  and  South  in  Latitude  and  in  Breadth 
'<  and  in  Length  and  Longitude  of  and  within  all  the  Breadth 
"  aforesaid,  throughout  the  main  Lands  there,  from  the  Atlantick 
"  and  Western  Sea  and  Ocean  and  on  the  East  Fart,  to  the  South 
"  Sea  on  the  West  part  &c.  ia  flfee."    Which  they  Say  Includes 
the  Land  Entered  upon  by  them,  and  that  the  Said  Lands 
were  Confirmed  to  them  by  King  Charles  the  first  in  the  fourth 
year  of  his  Reign,  and  tho'  that  Grant  was  afterwards  vacated 
in  the  year  1684,    In  chancery  j  yet  that  they  vere  Seized  of 
those  Lands  by  virtue  of  that  grant,  at  the  time  of  the  Grant  to 
the  Duke ;  and  Therefore  that  the  Duke  of  York  could  not  take 
them  by  virtue  of  his  Grant  and  they  were  therefore  Granted  well 
to  them  by  the  Charter  in  1693. 

To  which  I  answer,  that  the  Patent  to  the  Council  of  Devon 
&c.  Contains  this  Proviso.  '<  Provided  also  that  the  Said  Lands 
<<  Islands  or  any  the  Premises  by  the  Said  Letters  Patents 
« Intended  and  meant  to  be  Granted  were  not  then  actually  pos- 
«  sessed  or  Inhabited  by  any  other  Cliristian  prince  or  State  &c. 
And  the  patent  from  King  Charles  the  first  To  their 
^  Grantees  contains  this  Proviso. 

<<  Provided  always  that  if  the  Said  Lands  Islands  or  any  the  Pre- 
"misses  before  mentioned  and  by  the  SaidLetters  patents  Last  men- 


i  !  III! 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


549 


('tioned  Intended  and  meant  to  be  Granted — were  at  the  time  of 
«tbe  Granting  of  the  Said  Former  Letters  Patents  Dated  the  S^daj 
uof  November  In  the  Eighteenth  year  of  the  Reign  of  Iiis  Late 
« Majesty  King  James  the  first,  actually  possessed  or  Inhabited 
('by  an  other  Christian  Prince  or  State,  &c. 

That  as  to  those  parts  the  Said  Letters  Patents  Should  be 
void  &c. 
By  which  it  appears  that  any  Land  &c  possessed  or  Inhabited 
by  any  other  Christian  Prince  or  State  did  not  pass  by  any  or 
Wier  of  the  said  Grants,  and  it  appears  by  Ogelby's  America 
and  tiie  Book  Intituled  the  British  Empire  in  America  that 
Heniy  Hudson  discovered  this  Province  about  th^year  1608. 
and  soon  after  his  Discovery  Sold  it  to  the  Dutch,  who  soon 
after  and  long  before  the  above  Grants,  actually  possessed  them- 
gelves  of  it,  and  by  the  Dutch  West  India  Company  settled  a 
Colony  here  &  called  it  New  Netherland,  how  &r  Indeed  the 
Dutch  Extended  their  Claim  does  not  Clearly  at  this  day  appear 
tome  but  'tis  very  probable,  that  as  they  Extended  the  same  to 
the  South  as  far  as  Delaware  River  they  also  Claimed  North 
Easterly  as  far  as  O.  unecticut  River  near  which  I  doubt  not  it 
may  be  made  appear  many  Dutch  people  were  settled  and  I 
BeUeve  that  River  was  in  the  dutch  Time  Called  by  the  name 
of  the  North  River,  as  Delaware  River  was  by  the  name  of  the 
South  River,  on  which  'tis  Certain  many  Dutch  were  Settled, 
and  this  Appears  the  more  Probable  for  that  at  Albany  they 
Settled  another  Colony  by  the  name  of  the  Colony  of  Rensselaer 
Wyck;  the  Boundaries  of  which  tho'  uncertain  at  this  day; 
must  without  Doubt  as  'twas  a  Colony  have  also  Extended  j&om 
one  Rirer  to  the  other,  and  also  for  that  the  Grant  from  King 
Charles  the  Second  to  his  Brother  the  Duke  of  York;  Seems  to 
be  intended  as  a  Grant  to  him  of  what  he  recovered  &om  the 
Dutch;  for  in  the  Year  1660,  or  There  abouts,  King  Charles  the 
Second  sent  Sir  Robert  Carr  with  forces  to  Disposses  the  Dutch 
of  their  Settlements  here  which  he  succeeded  in;  and  about 
three  years  after,  this  Grant  to  the  Duke  of  York  was  made; 
which  seems  to  me  to  6arry  a  strong  Presumption  that  those 
Lands  so  granted  were  what  were  There  known  to  have  been 
the  Glahn  o^  the  Dutch,  which  they  must  have  been  much 


Mi: 


Wmmm 


^^'«y' 


I 


U 


:i'^  * 


i^>^  ■/ 


M4 


OGMTBOVfiRSY  RESPEdTt^S  THE 


lMt6t  aeqtialiited  ^ith  at  that  day,  thati  I  can  possibly  Be  ^up. 
posed  to  be  at  this  time  and  Indeed  it  is  very  Improbable  Th&t 
the  duke  of  York  should  at  that  day  when  the  Lands  were  of 
gs  Little  value,  take  a  Grant  of  these  lands  in-  the  manner  he 
did,  which  he  must  have  been  very  Sensible  must  Interfere 
with  the  Former  Grant  made  to  the  Grantees  of  the  Council  of 
Devon;  upon  any  other  Supposition  than  that  it  was  well  known 
tfit  that  time  that  these  laiids  being  in  the  possession  of  and 
CMmed  by  the  Dateh  were  Ekpressly  within  the  provinces  of 
the  said  Forifter  GranM,  imd  therefore  could  not  pass  by  the 
patent  to  the  Council  of  Devon  &«,  nor  by  the  future  Grant  to 
Hbtix  Grantees,  from  thesi?  observations  I  think  it  follows  that 
tiiese  lands  Granted  to  the  Duke  were  never  granted  to  the 
Council  of  De^on  e»  tlteir  Grantees  being  within  the  £xpn$g 
wofds  of  the  Provisoes  ih  those  Grants;  bnt  that  they  beca&e 
afterwards  well  vested  fti  the  Crown  by  the  Con(juest  made  of 
tihem  from  the  Dutch;  by  Sir  Robert  dTstt  in  the  year  teeo.  m 
by  their  final  $i!ffrender  of  them  to  King  Charles  the  Second  by 
the  Treaty  of  Breda  after  the  dutdi  Conquest  in  1673.  and  then 
lilie  Grimt  to  the  Duke  of  York  in  the  year  1674.  above  men- 
ttoned  must  have  vested  the  ffee  of  these  lands  in  the  Duke  of 
York.  The  Oonsequen«i&  of  which,  must  be  that  as  the  Crown 
after  this  Government  Came  ihtb  its  handf,  never  Granted  any 
pifft  of  it  away  (for  the  teason  I  have  shown  above)  that  the 
Government  of  Massachusetts  Bay  by  their  Grant  in  1693,  Can 
have  no  Legal  Bight  to  the  Lands  Entred  upon  by  them  liTorth- 
wafd  of  the  bounds  of  Connecticut  Govemnient,  andwestwanl 
of  OonneeticQtt  river;  airi  Therefore  their  Entring  into  k 
taking  possession  of  them,  without  Bight,  Cannot  be  a  reason 
why  the  Govwnment  of  New  Hampshire  should  do  the  like. 
Upon  the  whole,  I  think  it  appears  Clearly  that  the  Examples 
sett  by  the  Governtnents  of  Connecticut  and  Massachusetts  Bay, 
are  not,  nor  ought,  to  be  Considered  as  any  Seasons  why  the 
Oovemment  of  New  Hampshire  should  Extend  thehr  Bounds  as 
ftr  westward  as  the  first  hath,  and  the  Latter  pretends  Right- 
folly  to  have  done. 

!  Having  thus  Considered  the  difficulty  aiising  in  the  Case; 
firdm  the  Ckims  made  by  the  Said  two  Charter  Governments  I 


- ,    J'-    *    If 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


54J9| 


come  now  to  consider  what  onglit,  I  Conceive,  tt)  be  Taken  as 
the  Eastern  Bounds  of  this  Government  Northward  of  Connecti- 
cut Goverment  with  Regard  to  which  I  observe,  that  it  iippears 
by  the  fii*st  and  Second  Grants  to  the  Duke  of  York  ;  tlie  First 
before,  and  the  Second  after,  the  dutch  Conquest ;  in  tlu<  year 
1674,  that  all  the  Lands  westward  of  Connecticut  River  were 
vested  in  the  Dulce  of  York.  It  appears  by  the  records  of  this 
Province,  that  tlie  Duke  of  York,  In  pursuance  of  liis  right, 
actually  Sent  ov€r  Governours  to  take  and  keep  possession  of 
what  Belonged  to  him  in  America,  who  Accordingly  Entred 
upon  and  took  possession  of  this  Government  for  him  ;  and  tho* 
they  did  not  actually  settle  upon  the  Northern  Parts  of  the 
Government,  yet  as  they  Settled  the  Southern  part  of  it  under 
liis  Right ;  I  conceive  it  was  and  ought  to  be  Considered  as  a 
possession  of  the  whole,  and  that  the  duke  of  York  thereby 
became  actually  possessed  of  the  whole  lands  Granted  to  him, 
api  u  t  the  wliole  thereupon. become  part  of  this  Government, 
mil '  (•  ike  of  York  ;  and  Therefore  that  Connecticut  River 
is  rea.        I  Truly  the  Eastern  Bounds  of  this  Colony. 

Tis  True  tliat  by  the  Abdication  of  the  Crown  by  the  Duke  of 
York ;  afterwards  in  the  year  1688  ;  tliis  Government  became 
vested  in  the  Crown  (If  not  before)  but  I  believe  no  record  or 
other  writing  Can  be  produced,  whereby  it  Can  be  made  appear, 
that  the  Crown  Ever  Intended  to  ^bridge  the  Northern  bounds 
of  this  Government  or  to  confine  it  to  any  Bounds  ;  but  wliat  it 
had,  when  under  the  Government  of  the  Duke  of  York  ;  whence 
I  conclude  That  the  bounds  of  this  Government  Continue  Still 
the  Same  as  in  his  time ;  Except  where  they  may  have  been 
altered  as  above  by  Agreement  that  it  Extends  to  Connecticut 
River ;  and  Tlierefore  that  tlie  Government  of  New  Hampshire, 
vhich  is  to  Extend  westward  till  it  meets  with  his  Majestys 
other  Governments,  and  no  farther ;  must  Terminate  at  that 
River ;  as  its  utmost  western  Boundary. 

I  am  very  Sensible  ;  may  it  Please  your  Excellency  ;  that  the 
above  Representation,  Relating  to  the  Eastern  bounds  of  tliis 
Government,  is  very  Imperfect ;  being  framed  only  on  the  few 
papers  and  materials  I  have  been  able  to  collect,  at  this  time  j 
Relating  to  a  matter,  which  I  must  confess,  m}  self,  very  much 

Vol.  it.  35         * 


'liii,,. 

m 


.  I 


1 


t  I  J.   Jf 


N6 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THK 


unacquainted  with.  But  hope  these  few  Hints,  may  be  of  Some 
use  in  the  a£fair,  and  doubt  not  but  his  Majesty's  Surveyor 
General,  who  I  suppose  is  much  Better  acquainted  with  th« 
Bounds  of  this  government,  than  I  can  pretend  to  be ;  will  give 
your  Excellency  much  further  Light  Relating  to  them. 
I  am  Your  Excellencys 

most  Obedient  Humble  Servant 

R.  Bradley. 
(Endorsed)    Attorney  Generals  report  in  the  Case  between  New 
York  &.  New  Hampshire. 


SURVEYOR  GENERAL'S  OBSERVATIONS  ON  MB.  BRADLEY'S 

REPORT. 


Grata 


New  York  Oct'  14th  1751.^- 


You  were  {leased  on  the  0*)>  instant  to  desire  me  to  put  in 
writing  some  thoughts  which  then  oceiured  to  me  on  th«  subject 
matter  of  a  representation  of  the  late  Attorney  Gen'  respecting 
the  eastern  boundary  of  this  Province.  In  obedience  thereto  I 
shall  observe  that  as  the  Soil  of  both  the  provinces  of  New  York 
and  New  Hampshire  is  now  rested  in  the  Croun  the  King  may 
fix  the  boundary  between  these  his  two  Governments  at  liis 
pleasure  on  which  it  may  be  proper  to  remark. 

1.  That  the  line  lately  run  by  the  Government  of  New  Hamp- 
sliin's  to  Hudson's  River  as  their  Southern  boundary  comes  (as 
I  am  informed)  within  8  or  1 0  miles  of  the  City  of  Albany.  That 
so  far  as  I  oan  learn  Albany  is  a  place  more  considerable  iii  the 
numbers  of  its  inhabitants  &  for  trade  (having  a  commimication 
by  water  with  the  Sea  for  vessels  of  Burthen)  than  any  toun  in 
New  Hampshire  and  that  the  parts  of  the-country  lying  between 
Connecticut  river  &  Hudsons  river  are  nearer  to  Albany  than  to 
any  Port  or  place  of  trade  in  New  Hampshire. 

2.  In  time  of  w^r  incui-sions  on  this  Province  by  the  French 
&  French  Indians  have  been  generally  made  through  that  part 
of  tlie  country  between  Connecticut  river  &  Hudson's  river.  For 


c£ 


■r,.   .ml 


'"'  1jJl*f . 


KEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


9«7 


both  these  reasons  it  must  be  more  for  the  beneflte  k  securitj 
of  the  inhabitants  of  that  part  of  the  Country  between  these  twO' 
rivers  as  well  as  for  the  security  of  the  other  parts  of  the  Provinccf 
of  New  Yorlc  that  the  country  between  the  said  rivers  continue 
under  the  Government  of  New  York. 

Besides  these  considerations  from  the  publick  utility  it  may 
be  remarked 

3.  That  several  tracts  of  land  to  the  Eastward  of  Hudson's 
River  &  above  twenty  miles  distant  from  it  towards  the  Massa- 
chusetts bay  are  lield  by  the  inhabitants  of  New  York  by  grant 
from  the  Governours  thereof  &  paying  yearly  tents  to  the  Crowilj 
and  likewise  several  other  tracts  to  the  Northward  of  the  line 
run  by  New  Hampshire  as  their  Southern  boundary  and  above 
twenty  miles  eastward  from  hudson's  river  are  in  like  manneir 
lield  by  the  Inhabitiints  of  the  Province  of  New  York. 

4.  that  if  his  Majesty  assert  his  right  to  the  soil  within  hlD 
Province  of  New  York  as  far  eist  as  CK)nnectictit  river  against 
the  Intrusions  of  the  Massachusetts  bay  it  would  greatly  encrease 
hl8  revenue  arising  from  the  Quitrent  of  lands. 

This  is  all  which  has  occurred  to  me  aS  propel*  to  be  added  td 

the  Attorney  Generals  representation  which  is  submitted  to  the 

other  Gentlemen  of  the  Committee. 

Cadwallader  Golden. 

(Endorsed)  Gudwallader  Colden's  observations 

on  tlie  representation  of  the  At^  Gen' 


Extract  from  the  Attorney  and  Solicitor  Generals  Report 
Dated  August  the  14*^  1752.  On  the  State  of  the  Case 
with  respect  to  Certain  Townsliips  and  Tracts  of  Land 
Granted  by  the  Governments  of  the  Massae^iusetts  Bay 
and  Connecticut  in  New  England. 

« There  ai'e  also  about  60,000  Acres  ef  Land  situated  on  the 
West  Side  of  Connecticut  River  which  wei-e  purchased  by  private 
persons  from  the  Government  of  Connecticut,  to  whom  that  Land 
had  been  laid  out  by  the  Government  of  the  Massdchusets  Bay 


,  <* . 


-.,  ■» 


548 


CONTROVKEST  RESPECTINO  THE 


as  an  Equivalent  for  two  or  three  Townships  wliich  the  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  purchased  from  Connecticut  Government.  This 
Tract  of  Land  by  the  Determination  of  the  Boundary  Line  in 
1738,  is  become  a  part  of  New  Hampshire,  but  the  proprietors 
« of  it  are  subject  to  no  conditions  of  Improvement,  and  the  Land 
lies  waste  and  uncultivated." 


H'i 


^^ 


SECRETARY  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE  TO  THE  AGENT 
OF  THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 


Sir 


Whitehall  Decern'  22«>  1752. 


I  am  directed  by  the  Lord.«»  Commissioners  for  Trade  &  Planta- 
tions to  send  you  the  Inclosed  Extract  of  M'  Wentworth's  Letter 
to  their  Lordships  containing  his  Proposal  for  running  a  Boundary 
Line  between  the  Provinces  of  New  York  &  New  Hampshire  & 
to  desire  that  you  would  transmit  the  sai.ie  to  your  Constituents 
by  the  first  Opportunity,  that  their  Lordships  may  be  informed 
of  their  sentiments  upon  it  as  soon  as  possible. 

lam,  Sir 

Tour  most  humble  servant 

Tho»  Hill. 
Robert  Cliarles  Esq'  Agent  for  ? 

the  Province  of  New  York    i 


I     ^ 


[Enelomre.] 

Copy    Extract  of  a  Letter  from  Benning  Wentworth  Esq» 
'  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  to  the  Board  of  Trade 

Dated  23''  of  March  1750|1 

As  the  Extent  of  the  Western  &  Northern  Boundary  of  New 
Hampshire  entirely  depends  on  His  Majesty's  Pleasure,  I  need 
only  inform  your  Lordships  that  Commissioners  from  the  Crown 
have  settled  the  Boundary  between  New  York  and  Connecticut 
at  twenty  miles  East  of  Hudsons  River.  The  Massachusetts 
Bay  liave  allowed  the  Government  of  New  York  to  extend  their 
Claim  also  twenty  miles  East  of  Hudsons  River,  and  have 


,.f.  ' 


' ' « 


i     NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


540 


carried  on  their  Settlements  in  Conformity  thereunto.     One 
Rauesslaer  claims  twenty  four  miles  square  on  the  East,  & 
twenty  four  miles  square  on  the  West  side  of  Hudsons  River, 
a  Tract  of  Land  sufficient  for  thirty  two  Townships  of  six 
Miles  Square  each  &  comprehends  more  good  Land,  than  any 
other  suhject  in  His  Majesty's  Dominions,  but  Renesslaer  has 
not  thought  fit  to  contend  with  the  Massachusetts  for  the  four 
miles,  presuming  it  will  be  His  Majesty's  Pleasure,  that  a  North 
ft  South  Line  should  divide  both  the  Massachusets  and  New 
Hampshire  from  the  Government  of  New  York.  I  have  extended 
the  Western  Boundary  of  New  Hampshire  as  far  West  as  the 
Massachusets  have  done  theirs,  that  is,  within  twenty  Miles  of 
Hadsons  River.    It  will  also  be  for  the  Peace  and  Benefit  of 
both  Governments,  if  it  should  be  His  Majesty's  Pleasure  to 
determine  the  Northern  as  well  as  the  Eastern  Boundary  of  New 
York,  that  it  may  be  ascertained  how  many  Miles  North  of  the 
City  of  Albany  that  Government  extends,  as  it  will  in  its  Nor- 
thern &  Eastern  Boundary  interfere  with  the  Western  Boundary 
of  New  Hampshire  which  will  keep  both  Governments  from 
extending  their  Settlements  beyond  tlieir  own  Boundaries,  &  be 
easily  submitted  to  before  the  Inhabitants  have  improved  the 
Lands  in  virtue  of  Grants  from  either  Government. 

It  will  be  necessary  to  inform  your  Lordships  that  the  Gov- 
ernment of  New  York  was  founded  on  a  Grant  made  by  the 
Crown  to  the  Duke  of  York,  &  that  it  was  to  commence  at  the 
Sea,  and  run  sixty  miles  North  into  the  Country,  which  Line 
will  cross  Hudson's  River  about  twenty  Miles  South  of  the  city 
of  Albany. 


*  ' 

**' 

L 

t     V 

■i 

1  . 

■ , , 

' 


i  • 


rTEjy'; 


■  V  :ti 


I  ■   -n 


(Endorsed)    23d  March  1750 11   Extract  of  a  Letter  born 
Gov'  Wentworth  to  the  Lords  of  Trade. 


T-^i; 


-i*V^ 


BSO 


CONTROTIAST   RS8PECTIN0  THE 


i^mii 


BEPORT  OP  THE  COUNCIL 

^o  the  HonorabU  James  Delancej  Esq'hU  majesty's  Lieutenant 
Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief  in  and  over  the  Province  of 
New  York  and  the  Territories  depending  thweon  in  America. 
TJhe  Representation  of  thm  Committee  of  his  Majesty's  Council 
of  the  Province  of  New  York  and  the  Commissioners  appointed 
to  examine  into  the  Eastern  Boundaries  of  the  said  province. 
Hf  ay  it  please  your  Honour 

Among  the  Papers  laid  before  us  relative  to  the  dispute 
between  this  Government  and  the  Provinces  of  New  Hampshire 
^d  Massauchets  Bay  touching  their  Extent  of  Boundary  We 
ftnd  an  Extract  of  a  Letter  from  Governor  Wentworth  to  the 
^oardof  Trade  dated  the  23")  of  March  1750|1  containing  a 
^proposal  for  selling  a  Partition  Line  between  New  York  and 
Ifew  Hampshire  Which  Extract  together  with  a  Letter  from  the 
l^ent  for  tlus  Colony  and  the  Copy  of  a  L.etter  from  the  Secr»- 
tary  to  the  Board  of  Trade  to  our  Agent  were  some  time  since 
transmitted  to  M'  Clinton  late  Governor  of  this  province  that 
their  Lordships  might  be  informed  of  the  sentiments  of  this 
Government  tliereupon  On  which  we  humbly  beg  leave  to  repre- 
sent to  your  Honour. 

That  on  the  3<i  day  o^  Aprill  1750,  Governour  Clinton  Laid 
before  the  Councill  of  this  province  a  Letter  from  Governour 
Wentworth,  desireing  information  how  far  north  of  Albany  this 
province  extends,  and  how  many  miles  to  the  Eastward  of  Hud- 
son's River,  To  the  Northward  of  the  Massachusetts  Line  ;  that 
he  might  Govern  himself  accordingly  in  the  Grants  he  was  to 
make  in  New  Hampshire  and  that  the  Councill  of  this  province 
then  advised  Governour  Clinton  j  To  acquaint  Governour  Went- 
worth in  answev'to  his  said  Letter,  that  this  province  is  bounded 
Eastward  By  Connecticut  river  j  the  Letters  Patent  from  King 
Cliarles  the  Second  to  tlie  Duke  of  York,  Expressly  granting  all 
the  lands  from  tlie  West  side  of  Connecticut  river,  to  the  East 
side  of  Delaware  Bay. 

That  on  the  fifth  of  June  1750  Governour  Clinton  Laid  before 
the  Councill  of  this  province  a  Letter  from  Governour  Went- 


,!t;i    "■.-. 


ill. 


,  u 


i  H 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


551 


worth  of  Aprill  26*,  owning  the  receipt  of  Govcrnour  Clinton's 
Letter,  with  the  said  opinion  of  the  Councill,  which  he  declares 
would  have  been  satisikctory,  had  not  the  two  Charter  Govern- 
ments of  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  extended  their 
Bounds  many  miles  to  the  westward  of  the  said  river ;  and 
requesting  to  Be  informed  by  what  Authority  Connecticut  and 
the  Massachusetts  Governments  claimed  so  far  to  ike  Westward ; 
Whereupon  the  Councill  advised  Governour  Clinton  to  acquaint 
Governour  Wentworth,  that  the  claim. of  the  Government  of 
Connecticut  was  founded  on  an  Agreement  with  this  Govern- 
ment,  in  or  about  the  year  1 684,  afterwards  confirmed  By  King 
William ;  But  that  as  to  the  Massachusetts  Settlements  so  far  to 
the  Westward,  it  was  presumed  they  were  first  made  By  Intru- 
sion, and  since  continued  thro'  the  Neglect  of  this  Government. 
That  on  the  24*''  day  of  July  1750  Governour  Clinton  Laid 
before  the  Councill  of  this  province  a  Letter  from  Governour 
Wentworth  of  the  22<i  of  June,  advising  he  had  Communicated 
Governour  Clinton's  Letter,  with  the  Said  Last  opinion  of  the 
Councill  of  this  province,  to  his  Majesty's  Councill  of  the  pro- 
vince of  New  Hampshire  who  were  of  opinion  and  advised,  that 
he  should  on  the  part  of  New  Hampshire,  make  a  Representation 
of  the  matter  to  his  Majesty  :  Relying  that  Governour  Clinton 
would  do  the  same  on  the  part  of  New  York.  On  which  the 
Councill  of  this  province  advised  Governor  Clinton,  To  make  a 
Representation  to  his  Majesty  on  the  part  ot  this  province,  and 
To  acquaint  Governour  Wentworth  with  such  his  Intentions,  and 
that  it  would  be  for  the  mutual  advantage  of  Both  Governments, 
if  they  exchange  Coppys  of  each  others  Representation  To  his 
Mf^esty  on  that  head  ;  and  thereupon  it  was  oidered,  that  coppys 
of  all  Lettei"S  and  papei-s  Lately  passed  between  Governour 
CllQt(m  and  Governour  Wentworth,  relating  to  the  Boundaries 
of  the  Two  Governments,  and  a  Coppy  of  that  order  should  be 
forthwith  prepared  and  delivered  To  his  Majesty's  then  Attorney 
General  of  this  province,  to  prepare  and  Lay  Before  Gov  Clin- 
ton a  proper  State  of  the  case  with  all  Convenient  Speed, 

That  Governour  Wentworth  by  his  Letter*  to  Governour  Clin- 
ton of  September  2''  1750  Expresses  himself  in  these  words 
«  Sir  upon  my  Laying  your  favour  of  the  25*''  July  Before  his 


ti 


:%■ 


Wn^ 


.'  ?,:.l 


!  » 


552 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


,if  '^^'s: 


Li'i 


■A\ 


H.*' 


^1 


ml '    ' 


.»    a 


.  r 


'S  , 


(  ' 


,t- " 


•'  Majesty's  Councill,  it  was  Advised  agreeable  To  3'our p^posiil 
•*  that  Kxclumges  of  the  Representations  made  Both  By  Yont 
"  Excellt'Mcy  and  myself,  To  his  Majesty  for  Determining  The 
"  Boundarys  Between  his  Two  Governments,  miglit  Coniribute 
« to  tlie  Speedy  Settlement  thereof,  and  without  Expence  on 
"  Either  side.  /  shall  therefore  as  soon  as  mine  is  perfected  Trans- 
*'  miti  you  an^utheniick  Cvppy  thereof  and  sliall  Indeavour  To 
*<  make  It  as  short  and  plain  as  the  Nature  and  Circumstances  of 
"  the  case  will  admit."  Upon  which  Letter  we  beg  leave  to 
observe  tliat  we  are  well  assured  no  coppy  of  any  Representa- 
tion by  Governour  Wentwortli  on  that  matter  ever  came  To 
Governour  Clintons  liands,  untill  we  received  the  aboveraen- 
tioned  Extract  of  a  Letter  from  M""  Wentwortli  to  tlie  Boaid  of 
Trade  tlie  date  of  which  is  Less  than  Seven  months  after  Govern- 
our Weatworths  promise  in  his  Letter  to  Governour  Clinton  last 
mentioned  and  we  have  the  more  reason  to  Believe  that  no 
Coppy  of  that  Representation  was  sent  by  Governour  Went- 
wortli To  Governour  Clinton,  Because  no  meition  is  therein 
made  of  its  being  So  Communicated. 

That  in  pursuance  of  the  Order  of  the  24»*»  of  July  1750  the 
Then  Attorney  Generall  of  this  province  prepared  and  delivered 
a  Representation  to  Governour  Clinton  Concerning  the  Eastern 
Boundarys  of  this  province  which  was  read  in  Councill  the  29"' 
day  of  September  1750  and  Referred  To  a  Committee  of  the 
Councill  or  any  three  of  them  to  consider  : 

That  on  the  18""  of  October  1751  the  Committee  to  whom  the 
Said  Representation  was  Referred,  Reported  to  Governour  Clinton 
and  Councjll  their  approbation  thereof,  and  it  was  then  approved 
of  in  Councill  and  Ordered  To  Be  Entered  in  the  minutes 
thereof  Together  with  a  Letter  from  the  Surveyor  Generall  of 
this  Province  on  the  same  subject  which  were  both  entered  on 
the  minutes  of  the  Councill  accordingly. 

We  now  Beg  Leave  to  make  a  few  remarks  on  Governour 
Wentworth's  Letter  to  the  Board  of  Trade  which  (had  he  Com- 
plyed  with  his  promise  made  in  his  Letter  of  September  S*" 
1750)  might  probably  have  Been  Rendered  needless  To  have 
Been  Considered  by  the  Board  of  Trade  :  for  this  Government 
would  thereby  have  had  an  opportunity  of  setting  him  right,  in 


MEW   HAMPSIIinB   GBANTS. 


553 


Sundry  matters  in  which  we  shall  Remark  he  was  mistaken  bj 
his  said  Representation. 

!•»  TIjo'  tlie  Eastern  Boundarys  of  this  province  and. the 
Westei*n  Boundarys* of  New  Hampshire  so  far  as  they  Bdund 
OD  one  another  (Being  Both  under  his  Majesty's  immediate 
government)  iutii-ely  depend  on  his  Majesty's  plea^re,  Yet  as 
the  Eastern  Boundary  of  tliis  Province,  was  by  ^lie  Grant  of 
King  Charles  the  Second  to  tlie  Duke  of  York,  1663-4,  fixed  at 
Connecticut  river,  now  near  ninety  year  ago,  where  it  has  ever 
since  remained  So  far  as  Concerns  New  Hampshire,  we  hulubly 
Conceive  that  liis  Majesty  will  make  no  alteration  of  the  Bounds 
therof  without  sufficient  Reasons,  and  we  know  not  of  any,  nor 
has  Governour  Wentworth  pointed  out  any.  But  sundry  Reasons 
appear  against  any  alteration,  which  are  particularly  Set  forth  in 
the  Surveyor  Generalls  Letter  Entered  in  the  minutes  of  Coun- 
cillof  Oct'18, 1751. 

i,^i  Governour  Wentworth  is  pleased  To  Say  that,  "the 
Massachusetts  Bay  Imve  allowed  the  Government  of  New  York 
To  extend  their  Claim  also  Twenty  miles  East  of  Hudson's 
River."  On  which  we  observe  tliat  this  is  a  Very  new  kind  of 
Title  tliat  Governour  Wentworth  says  his  Majesty  has  to  a  great 
part  of  tliis  his  province  the  allowance  of  his  Subjects  of  the 
Massachusetts  Bay^  We  appreliCnd  that  no  good  Title  can  be 
within  his  Majestys  Dominions  But  under  valid  Grants  of  the 
Crown,  and  know  of  no  valid  Grant  i}nsA  Massachusetts  ^oyhave 
to  any  Soil  or  Jurisdiction  west  of  Connecticut  River,  and  that 
they  have  none  appears  in  a  Strong  Light  by  a  Report  approved 
ia  tlie  Councill  of  this  province  on  the  20*''  of  flfebruary  Last 
(which  contains  tlie  subtance  of  and  more  than  tlie  Attorney 
Generals  Representation  before  mentioned)  which  has  been 
Communicated  to  the  Government  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay, 
and  To  which  no  direct  answer  has  as  yet  Been  given,  tho  again 
and  again  requested. 

3«"y  We  think  that  Governour  Wentworth  has  Been  greatly 
misinformed  as  to  the  Manor  of  Renselaerswyck,  By  his  suggest- 
ing tliat  it  is  claimed  By  one  person,  whereas  great  numbers  of 
persons  are  owners  of  lands  within  it  and  the  whole  city  of 
Albany  Situated  within  the  Boundaries  of  it. 


%9< 


r 


K.-r**- 


■.  ? 


i    ' 


i  i 


i 


*    ! 


I 


654 


CONTROVERtY   RE8PECT1N0  THE 


H^^^HI 

z                          wa 

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'^^  W'-^:mim^ 

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If  I^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Kt^ 

*   ■■h';.' 

K^^^^^^^^^^^^^BSn  ^ 

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j^y^^J^^Bg^wP^^^^^ 

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1 

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B:i'«i  V  .*' 

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•rr  -'.    ^.  . 

mm\' 

V,*Vi'4  'v  , 

sonHB^'ift  ■>  -    -f     .  t 

f 

M:'^'  -i 

Again. 


We  know  of  no  such  Extent  of  Land  within  tliis  proTiuc« 
that  has  so  much  bad  land  in  It  as  the  Manqrof  Renselaerswyck. 
Also  the  principal  owner  of  that  Manor  Renselaerswyck  is  an 
Infant  and  unable  to  contend  with  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  But 
his  Quardilln  liath  Lately  petitioned  the  Legislature  of  tliis 
province  against  ihe  Incroachments  Dotli  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay  and  New  Hampshire  on  his  pupills  Estate. 

4W>'r  Governoiu*  Wentwortli  is  pleased  to  express  himself 
thus,  "  presuming  it  will  Be  his  Majesty's  pleasiure  tliat  a  North 
and  South  line  should  divide  both  the  Massachusetts  and  New 
Hampshire  from  the  Government  of  New- York"  On  which  we 
Observe  that  had  Govemour  Wentworth  been  Informed,  as  We 
Believe  tlie  Truth  is,  tliat  a  North  and  South  Line  from  the 
Northwest  Corner  of  Connecticut  Colony  would  have  Crossed 
Hudson's  Kiver,  some  miles  Southward  or  Below  the  City  of 
Albany,  ;ind  would  Leave  that  City,  and  a  great  part  of  Hudson's 
River,  To  the  Eastward  of  that  Line,  he  could  have  had  no 
reason  for  advancing  that  Presumption,  and  the  rather,  had  he 
Been  informed,  as  the  fact  Is,  that  the  Dutch  Settled  Albany  by 
the  name  of  ifort  Orange  and  had  a  ffort  and  Garrison  there 
about  140  years  agoe,  many  yearS  before  the  Grant  to  the  CounciU 
of  Plymouth  under  which  the  Massachusetts  Bay  had  their  first 
Claim. 

5"»iy  Governour  Wentworth  is  pleased  to  Say.  "I  have 
"  extended  the  Western  Boundary  of  New  Hampshire  as  far  West 
<'  as  the  Massachusetts  Bay  have  done  theirs,  that  is  within 
"  Twenty  miles  of  Hudson's  River"  On  which  we  Beg  Leave  to 
observe  that  iiis  having  done  so,  after  Being  informed  of  the 
Boundarjs  of  this  province  by  the  Minute  of  CounciU  of  the  ^^ 
of  April  1750  before  mentioned,  and  by  the  Minute  of  June  5"» 
1750  that  the  Massachusetts  Settlements  Westward  of  those 
Boundary s,  were  made  By  Intrusion,  is  very  Extraordinary : 
and  we  are  further  of  Opinion  that  the  Intrusions  of  the 
Massacliusetts  Buy  within  tliis  province,  Could  be  no  good  reason 
for  Governour  Wentworth  to  Committ  the  Like. 

6!!i!>  \^e  apprehend  tliat  New  Hampshire  has  no  concern  with 
the  Nortliern  Boundarys  of  New  York  Because  we  Conceive  that 


■  ^  ~  .1 


NXW  HAMTSHIHK  Q  RANTS. 


the  North  Two  degrees  West  line,  the  Eastern  Boundary  of  New 
gampshire  wUl  (U*  M'  Pople's  Large  map  be  right)  Intersect 
Connecticut  River,  the  Eastern  Boundary  of  this  province ;  and 
if  80,  then  New  Hampshire  is  bounded  to  the  West  and  North 
By  Connecticut  River. 

7thiy  Governour  Wentworth  has  been  greatly  misinformed, 
Concerning  the  patents  made  by  the  Crown,  To  tlie  Duke  of  Yorlc. 
Viz.  of  Mafch  12('>  1663|4  and  June  29^*"  1674  Botli  which  do 
grant  to  liim  in  ifee,  "  All  that  Island  or  Islands  Commonly  called 
"by  the  several  name  or  names  of  Matowacks  or  Long  Island, 
•(Situate  and  being  towards  the  West  of  Cape  C  )dd,  and  the 
« Narrow  Higgansettes  abutting  upon  the  Main  I  nd  l>etween 
"the  Two  rivers  there  called  or  known  By  the  several  names  of 
"Connecticut  and  Hudson's  River  Together  also  with  iiie  said 
"River  Called  Hudson's  river  and  all  the  Land  from  the  )^  est 
« side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  Side  of  Delaware  Bay," 
and  there  is  notliiug  in  either  of  those  patents  (whicli  are  all 
we  ever  heard  of)  that  Could  give  the  Least  Colour  or  Gr'  ui.J, 
for  Governour  Wentworth's  suggestion  that  the  Dukes  Granc 
Commences  at  the  Sea,  and  runs  only  sixty  miles  North  into  the 
Country:  and  was  that  Grant  sucli  as  M*"  Wentwortli  imagines  it 
to  be  the  North  Bounds  of  it  would  Cross  Hudson's  River  above 
100  miles  South  of  or  Below  Albany  instead  of  Twenty,  as  he 
supposes]  for  Albany  is  1 50  miles  distant  from  the  City  of  New 
York,  and  New  York  about  20  miles  from  the  Sea. 

Upon  the  whole  Sir,  We  humbly  Conceive  it  is  highly  neces- 
sary that  this  Representation  and  Copies  of  the  necessary  Papers 
referred  to  therein  should  be  laid  before  the  I,c'a.<  Commission- 
ers for  Trade  and  Plantations  that  their  Lordships  may  be  in- 
formed of  the  objections  which  we  conceive  may  witli  good 
Reason  be  made  to  the  Line  Gouvernour  Wentworth  points  out 
to  be  fixed  as  the  Division  Line  between  this  and  the  province 
of  New  Hampshire  Which  Papers  together  with  this  Representa- 
tion we  present  to  your  Honour  and  humbly  pray  you  will  be 
pleased  to  transmit  the  Same  to  tlieir  Lordships.  ,„^ 

By  Order  of  the  Committee  John  Chambers  Chairman 
By  Order  of  the  Commissioners  Paul  Richard  Chairman 

aty  of  New  York  14»h:  November  1753  ,,,  ^   ,ni'r^r5<>rii  wrr 


"  -\ 


i 


556 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE 


w  6*''  June.  Read  in  Council  and  approved  of  and  the  Council 
advised  his  Honour  to  transmit  the  same  to  the  Board  of  Trade 
as  desired. 


ft      i 


*  . 


''    llHBHIHBflM 


1.      '-' 


■Vt"ii-  '-I 


t'  :~A 


PROCLAMATION  FOR  THE  SETTLEMENT  OF  LAND 
BETWEEN  FORT  EDWARD  &  LAKE  GEORGE. 


By  the  Hono^ie  James  De  Lancey  Esq' 
His  Majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor  and 
Commander  in  Chief  in  and  over  the 
Province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories 
depending  thereon  in  America. 


A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas  from  the  Success  of  His  Majesty's  Arms,  in  the  Reduc- 
tion of  the  important  Fortresses  at  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point, 
and  the  very  Strong  Works  erecting  at  the  latter,  the  whole 
Country  along  Hudson's  River  down  to  Albany,  will  for  thefutiuw 
be  so  effectually  covered  and  secured  from  the  Ravages  of  the 
Enemy,  that  the  Inhabitants  may  return  to  their  Settlements  and 
abide  there  with  Safety  to  their  Persons  Families  and  Estates;  in 
confidence  of  Wliich,  many  have  already  returned  to  tlieir  Habi- 
tations. And  Wliereas  the  Fortress  now  erecting  at  Crown 
Point,  is  in  great  forwardness,  and  His  Excellency  Major  Gene- 
ral Amherst  Iiath  assured  me,  that  he  is  determined  it  shall  be 
80  far  finished  before  the  Troops  go  into  Winter  Quarters,  as  to 
answer  the  Purpose  of  covering  and  protecting  the  Country:  and 
as  an  Encouragement  to  Settlers,  he  has  desired  I  would  make 
known,  that  those  who  with  the  leave  of  this  Government  shall 
now  choose  to  go  and  settle  between  Lake  George  and  Fort 
Edward,  will  there  find,  three  Several  Spotts  of  cleared  Ground, 
two  of  them  capable  of  containing  half  a  dozen  Families  each, 
and  the  other  not  less  than  twelve:  On  which  shall  be  left  stand- 
ing, for  their  Convenience  the  Wooden  Hutts  and  Coverings  of 
the  Troops  that  have  been  posted  there  since  the  Beginning  of 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


557 


{lie  Campaign,  which  from  the  Footing  we  have  now  at  Crown 
Point,  will  be  no  longer  necessary,  and  will  be  evacuated  and 
left  for  the  use  of  those  who  shall  become  Settlers.  The  first  of 
the  said  Spotts  is  situated  four  miles  above  Fort  Edward;  The 
Second  at  the  Half  way  Brook  j  and  the  other  three  miles  from 
Lake  George.  The  Soil  good  and  capable  of  Improvement,  and 
all  three  well  watered.  The  Halfway  Brook  being  the  Spott 
sufficient  for  a  dozen  Families.  I  have  therefore  thought  fit  by 
and  with  the  Advice  of  His  Majesty's  Council  to  issue  this  Pro- 
clamation, Hereby  inviting  the  Inhabitants  who  formerly  aban- 
doned their  Dwellings  to  return  to  their  Settlements,  and  improve 
the  advantages  offered  to  them  under  the  Protection  and  Cover 
of  the  important  Posts  and  Strong  Fortresses  above  mentioned. 
And  as  an  inducement  to  such  as  shall  be  inclined  to  settle  on 
any  or  either  of  the  three  Spotts  of  Ground  above  described:  I 
do  hereby  promise  his  Majesty's  Grant  thereof  to  any  Persons 
who  shall  apply  for  the  same,  on  condition  of  immediate  settle- 
ment thereof  in  the  form  of  a  Township,  with  a  sufficient  quantity 
of  Woodland  adjoining  for  that  purpose;  and  that  I  will  use  my 
Endeavours  to  obtain  for  the  Grantees  an  Exemption  from  the 
Payment  of  Quit  Rent  for  such  a  number  of  years  as  his  Majesty  • 
shall  be  pleased  to  indulge  therein. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms  at  Fort  George  in 
the  City  of  New  York  the  twenty-first  day  of  September  1759  in 
the  thirty-third  year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord  George 
the  Second  by  the  Grace  of  God  of  Great  Britain  France  and 
Ireland  King  Defender  of  the  Faith,  and  so  forth 

James  De  Lancey. 
By  His  Honour's  Command 

Gw.  Banyar  D  Secry 

God  Save  the  Kino. 

Province  of  New  York  ss:  Alexander  McClain  of  the  City  of 
New  York  Merchant — maketh  Oath  that  in  the  month  of  Sep- 
tember last  in  his  return  from  Canada,  He  made  a  short  stay  at 
Grown  Point  and  there  saw  a  considerable  number  of  persons 
about  five  or  six  among  which  were  two  Gentlemen  said  to  be 
principal  men  in  New  Hampshire  Government,  aiid  representa- 
tives m  that  General  Assembly  and  Justices  of  the  Peace  that 


i  'v 
If 


mr\ 


Bf4^ 


558 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


the  rest  of  the  Persons  with  them  were  also  (as  was  said)  of  that 
Colony,  that  these  Persons  declared  that  they  came  thither  to 
Lay  out  Lands,  and  a  man  that  appeared  to  be  a  principal  person 
among  them  Declared  that  Crown  point  was  in  their  Govern- 
ment, the  reason  of  his  speaking  it  was  a  Dispute  about  the  value 
of  New  Hampshire  money  which  he  said  ought  to  pass  for  as 
much  there  as  nearer  home  the  Company  also  said  that  tiiey 
were  Laying  out  Lands  on  the  East  of  Lake  Champlain,  and 
further  this  Deponent  saith  not. 

'  Ajubxk  McLeans. 

Sworn  this  15U>  March  1763  ) 

before  me  W™  Smith  5 

(Endorsed)    16to  March,  1763.    Bead  in  Council. 


i¥? 


PROCLAMATION  DECLARING  THE  CONNECTICUT  RIVER 

TO   BE  THE  EAST  BOUNDS  OF    THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 

By  the  Honourable  Cadwallader  Colden,  Esq ;  His  Majesty's 
Lieutenant  Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  the 
Province  of  New- York,  and  the  Territories  depending 
thereon  in  America. 

A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas  King  Charles  the  Second,  by  his  several  Letters 
Patent  bearing  Date  the  12th  Day  of  March,  1663-4,  and  the 
29th  June,  1674,  did  gives,,  and  grant  in  Fee,  unto  his  Brother, 
James  Duke  of  York,  certain  Lands,  of  which  the  Province  of 
JVew-York  is  a  Part  j  containing,  among  other  Tracts,  "  All  that 
Island  or  Islands,  commonly  called  by  the  several  Name  or 
Names  of  Maiowacks,  or  Long-Island,  situate  and  being  towards 
tlie  West  of  Cape-Cod,  and  the  JVarrow  Higgansetts^  abutting 
upon  tlie  main  Land  between  the  two  Rivers  there  called  or 
known  by  the  several  Names  of  Connecticut  and  HudsoTCs  River. 
Together  also  with  the  said  River,  called  Hudson's  River,  and 
ill  the  Land  frjom  the  West  Side  of  Connecticut  River,  to  tk 
East  Side  of  Delaware-Bay." 


*  ^-k 


NEW  YORK. 


KEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


559 


And  whereas  the  Government  of  JN'ew-Hampshire^  by  the 
Letters  Patent  of  his  late  Majesty,  given  at  Whitehall j  the  third 
])a,yo{  July  J 1711,  U  described  in  the  Words  following  j  "  Our 
Province  of  Jfew-Hampshire^  within  Our  Dominions  of  JVeMJ- 
^gltad  in  America^  bounded  on  tlie  South  Side  by  a  similar 
Curve  Line,  pursuing  the  Course  of  Merrimac  River,  at  three 
Miles  Distance  *on  the  North  Side  thereof;  beginning  at  the  . 
0antic  Ocean^  and  ending  at  a  Point  due  North  of  a  Place 
called  Puutucket  Falls ;  and  by  a  straight  Line  drawn  from 
thence  due  West  cross  the  said  River,  till  it  meets  with  our  other 
Governments ;  and  bounded  on  the  South  Side  by  a  Line  passing 
up  through  the  Mouth  of  Piscataqua  Harbour,  and  up  the  Mid- 
dle of  the  River  to  the  River  of  Jfewichwannocky  Part  of  whidi 
ignow  called  Salmon  Fallsj  and  through  the  Middle  of  the  same 
to  the  fui'thest  Head  thereof;  and  from  thence  North  two  Degrees 
Westerly,  witil  One  Hundred  and  Twenty  Miles  be  finished  from 
the  Mouth  of  Piscataqua  Harbour  aforesaid,  or  until  it  meets 
with  our  other  Governments." 

And  whereas  it  manifestly  appears  by  the  several  Grants  or 
Letters  Patent  above  recited,  that  the  Province  of  Kcw-York  is 
bounded  to  the  Eastward  by  the  River  Connecticut :  That  the 
Province  of  JVew-Hampshircj  being  expressly .  limited  in  its 
Extent  WestuMrd  and  Jforthward  by  His  Majesty^s  other 
GovemmeDts,  is  confined  to  the  same  River  as  to  its  Western 
Boundary  ;  and  that  the  said  Grovemment  of  JVew-Hampshire  is  . 
not  intituled  to  Jurisdiction  Weston  ard,  beyond  the  Limits  of  that 
River. 

And  whereas  the  said  Government  of  JVew-Hampshirej  tho' 
fully  apprized  of  the  Right  of  this  Government,  under  the  Letters 
Patent  aforementioned  to  the  Duke  of  York ;  and  sensible  also 
that  his  Majesty  had  not  been  pleased  to  establish  other  Bounda- 
ries between  his  said  two  Provinces,  hath  granted  Lands  West- 
ward of  Connecticut  River,  within  the  Limits  and  Jurisdiction  of 
the  Government  of  JWw-  York;  in  Virtue  whereof,  sundry  Persons, 
ignorant  that  they  could  not  derive  a  legal  Title  under  such 
Grants,  have  attempted  the  Settlement  of  the  Lands  included 
tlierein,  and  have  actually  possessed  themselves  of  Soil  before 
granted  within  this  Province  j  while  others  claiming  under  the 


i    !,■■>' 


':  J 


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V\ 


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I 


■  •  I'i     I  ri.iinn 


i'l  vJtj^C^  ■^■;T    fH\  t'l 


it 


'^  4^:# 


^.H'-i=5; 


jr  ^ 


4%     *' 


660 


CONTROVERSY   RE8PECTIN0  THE 


said  Government  of  Jfew-Hampshire^  liave  endeavored  to  impose 
on  the  Inhabitants  here,  by  oifeiing  to  Sale,  at  a  low  Rate,  whole 
Townships  of  Six  Miles  Square,  lately  granted  by  the  said 
Government  Westward  of  Connecticut  River. 

To  prevent  therefore  the  Incautious  from  becoming  Purchasers 
of  the  Lands  so  granted ;  to  assert  the  Rights,  and  fully  to 
maintain  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  Government  of  this  His  Majesty's 
Province  of  JVew-York;  1  have  thought  fit,  with  the  Advice  of 
His  Majesty's  Council,  to  issue  this  Proclamation,  hereby  ccm- 
mandiug  and  requiring  all  Judges,  Justice^,  and  other  Civil 
Officers  within  tlie  same,  to  continue  to  exercise  Jurisdiction  in 
their  respective  Functions,  as  far  as  to  the  Banks  of  Connecticut 
River,  the  undoubted  Eastern  Limits  of  that  Part  of  the  Province 
of  JVcvtf-  Yorkj  notwithstanding  any  Contrariety  of  Jurisdiction 
claimed  by  the  Government  of  JVew-Hampshirej  or  any  Grants  of 
Land  Westward  of  that  River,  made  by  the  said  Government. 
AND  1  DO  hereby  'enjoin  the  High  Sheriff  of  the  County  of 
Albany,  to  return  to  me  or  the  Commander  in  Chief,  the  Names 
of  all  and  every  Person  and  Persons,  who  under  the  Grants  of 
the  Government  of  JVew-IIampshirey  do  or  shall  hold  the  Posses- 
sion of  any  Lands  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  that  they  may 
be  proceeded  against  according  to  Law 

GIVEN  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms,  at  Fort-George, in 
the  City  of  New- York,  the  Twenty-eighth  Day  of  December, 
1763,  in  the  Fourth  Year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord 
GEORGE  the  Third,  by  the  Grace  of  GOD,  of  Great  Britain, 
France,  and  Ireland,  King,  Defender  of  the  Faith,  and  so  forth. 
By  his  Honour's  Command,  Cadwalladeh  Colden. 

:r  Gw.  Banyar,  Dep.  Secry. 

God  SAVE  THE  Kino. 


LT.  GOV.  COLDEN  TO  TKE  BOARD  OF  TRADE. 

New  York  20th  jaax  1764. 
My  Lords 

The  Dispute  subsisting  between  this  and  his  Majesty's  Govern- 
ment of  New  Hampshire  respecting  their  Boundary  obliges  me 
to  lay  the  State  of  this  Matter  beibre  your  Lordships. 


NEW  HAMP8HIRK  GKiNTS. 


561 


In  April  1750  Governor  Clinton  communicated  to  the  Council 
a  Letter  of  the  17"»  Nov  from  M'  Wentworth  Governor  of  New 
Hampshire,  representing  that  he  had  it  in  Command  from  his 
Majesty  to  mal^e  Grants  of  the  unimproved  Lands  in  New 
Hampshire,  and  Desiring  Information  how  far  North  of  Albany 
this  Province  extended,  and  how  many  miles  to  the  Eastward 
of  Hudson's  River,  to  the  Northward  of 'the  Massachusetts  Line, 
that  he  might  govern  himself  accordingly— As  also  an  Extract 
of  his  Majesty's  Commission  to  M' Wentworth,  describing  the 
Botindaries  of  that  Governm*  By  the  Advice  of  the  Council,  M' 
Clinton  informed  M'  Wentworth,  in  Answer  to  his  Bequest, 
That  this  Province  is  bounded  Eastward  by  Connecticut  River, 
the  Letters  Patent  from  King  Charles  the  Second  to  the  Duke 
of  York  expressly  granting  "All  the  Lands  from  the  West  side 
of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  side  of  Delaware  Bay." 

M'  Wentworth  in  his  Answer  of  the  25t>»  April,  says  that  he 
had  Communicated  to  his  Majesty's  Council  of  that  Government, 
th6  above  opinion  of  the  Council  of  the  Province,  which  he 
declares  would  have  been  satisfactory  had  not  the  two  Charter 
Governments  of  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusetts  Bay  extended 
their  Bounds  many  miles  to  the  Westward  of  Connecticut  River, 
and  desired  to  be  informed  by  what  Authority  Connecticut  and 
the  Massachusets  Governments  claimed  so  far  to  the  Westward 
as  they  had  settled ;  and  acquainted  Governor  Clinton,  that 
before  the  Receit  of  his  Letter  of  the  9^  of  April,  he  had  Granted 
a  Township  due  North  of  the  Massachusits  Line,  of  the  Contents^ 
of  six  miles  square,  and  by  Measurement  Twenty  four  miles 
Eastof  thecitydf  Al'uany — Upon  Governor  Clinton's  laying  this 
Letter  before  the  Council,  they  advised  him  to  Inform  Governor 
Wentworth,  That  the  Claim  of  the  Government  of  Connecticut  is 
founded  upon  an  Agreement  with  that  of  New  York  in  the  year 
1683,  alterward  confirmed  by  King  William— But  that  as  to  the 
Massachusits  Settlement  so  far  to  the  Westward,  it  was  presumed 
they  were  first  made  by  Intrusion,  and  since  continued  thro' 
the  Neglect  of  this  Government- And  that  it  was  probable  the 
Lands  within  the  Township  he  had  lately  granted,  or  some  part 
of  them  had  been  already  granted  by  the  Government  of  New 
York.  ;.    ■  . 

Vol.  IV.  36 


^m .  $m'i^  yroii  ijuit 


I 

.1 


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CONT&OYEl^SY   EESPECTINO  THK 

In  July  1750^  M^  W^twortljL'a  Letter  of  tjie  2%i  Ju^e  preceed- 
iug  was  )ai4  Vefprp  tlw  ^oftnq]|j  ^eplaif^pg  tb*t  his  M^wty's 
Council  of  ^^lat  proYipee  were^  uipujaiiimuEily  pf  opinign  i^o^  tv 
commence  a,  Dispuite  yfifti  tlpyB  f^ovepnwent  Jiespecting  tli^ 
Extent  of  Western  Bpundary  to  New  Hampshire,  unitU  lus  Majes- 
ty's ple^ure  shonJ^  bj^  Cuft^er  l^nown,  wd  accordingly  th^ 
Coun'cjl  had  advised  that  he  should  on  the  pturt  p|  £^eiW  Hamp- 
shire, oji^  a  ^ep^esepti^^w  of  th?  }M^efi  ^  hi^  Msjesty,  rely- 
ing  thftt  W  Clintop  wpflld,  do  lihe  s^mfi  on  ^he  part  of  J^ew  Yorlf 
To  wMeh  pi;<>posftl  U49  Qovei^imient  «gree4 }  Mding  th/it  i| 
would  be  a  Ii([e^su,?e,  foi  ^he  Mutw^  ^^vwtage  of  Mh  Provinces, 
that  the  Cpples;  <^'  the  ne^peptire  Kepre&entHtionfl  \o,  \e  made  tp 
lil«  Majesty  on  t)?ie  ^ead  al\ou]|d  be  exchanged. 

On  the  a**  Septemh^^'  W^^  W?^tiw<»th  pignifye4  ^e  Assent  of 
his  Governznent  to  th^  la^t  ui^n^n?d  propo^J,  9S  \t  might  C9%- 
tribute  to  the  Speedy  Settlement  of  ^Ijub  Boi^nd^y  hetjween  the 
two  Provinces  and  assured  1^  Clinlipn  that  he  would  Transmit 
to  him  a  Copy  of  tli^  Represepti^tion  he  shou|(i  vfi^'ke  ]^  beht^ 
of  New  Hampshire  as  9ppn  as  perleeted. 

I  find  the  Representation  on  the  paiit  of  New  IToJik  w^s 
nut  approved  of  by  the^  Counp^  until  the  W^,q$  Oetphev  11^1, 
when  it  wa^  envied  on  ^e  Minuljes  tofidther  wi^  fi  l^^^r  9I 
mine  on  the  Is^me  Subject^  l^ut  before  %}m  period.  W-  We&t 
worth  ha4  in  his  letter  to  ^e  Bpard  of  Trade  of  tV^  93<i  Mv<^ 
1750!|1  suggested  tp,  their  Lordships  what  he  tjhought  propep 
to  nige  on  thif  Sul^ject  i^  h^halJ^  of  hi^  own  GK?vernineii^  with- 
out Transqai^tin^iviy  Qopy  tlmeQfj  to  QoyetoAr  Clinton. 

Thus  ^  Matter  restisd)  acoording  tQ  qoiji  Inforinatlop,  n»^\ 
the  lucmsions  pf  the  ln<iM4i?8  into  this  Froyince^  ^ii^ipaedi^^j;}': 
preceding  th»  |a.te  yf^-  pi^t  an  intire  stop  to  any  new  St^ttle- 
ments,  and  render^  bo^U  Cr|Ovei;ni)aents  less  soliciton^  to  bring 
this  Controveniy  to  ^  ^ssue:  t))e  (p^overpment  of  New  Torlc 
confiding  thf^t  New  ^»QipAhi;re^  ^fter  yrh^t  h^  V^^^i  ^^^^ 
no$  venture  to  make  any  further  Gxants^  until  ^  Majesty  should 
be  pleased  to  Determine  t^f^  Liuu,^  b^tw^^^  bifi^  two  Frovmces 
as  such  Gratis,  where  tihey  n^ght  in^ij^r^  with  those  of  N^w 
York,  must  b^  considered  as  s^  mere  Nuillityw 

But  how  great  was  the  surprise  of  this  Govemment,  when 


1^ '  4 
It 


■  ■■  iR  5 


*"■■ 


MCW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.     "> 


5G8 


they  Itttejf  Discovered  that  New  Hampshire  had  since  the  Trans- 
actions above  recited,  granted  upwards  of  Thirty,  some  afllrm 
one  hundred  and  Sixty  Townships,  Each  six  m;iles  square,  West- 
ward of  Counecticut  River;  a  Fact  which  had  probably  beea 
still  concealed  from  the  knowledge  of  this  Government,  had  not 
the  Grantees  or  persons  employed  by  them  Travelled  thro'  all 
parts  of  this,  and  in  the  Neighbouring  Province  of  New  Jersey, 
publickly  offering  the  Landa  to  Sale,  at  such  low  rat«s,  as  evince 
the  claimants  had  no  Intention  of  becoming  Settlers,  either  &om 
Iwbility,  or  eonscious  they  could  dextve  no  Title  to  the  Landa 
under  the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire. 

To  prevent  therefore  the  further  progress  of  this  Mischief,  by 
informing  the  Peoplle  of  the  true  State  of  the  claim  of  the  two 
Piovinoes— His  Majesty's  Council  unanimously  advised  me  to 
Issue  a  Proclamation  asserting  the  Antient  Jurisdiction  of  this 
Province  to  Connecticut  River,  a  copy  whereof  I  have  the  Honour 
to  Inclose  to  your  Lortlships. 

The  claim  of  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  to  within 
Twenly  miles  East  of  Hudson's  River,  being  founded  solely  on 
the  Example  of  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusits  Bay,  it  will 
be  necessary  to  Consider  the  Right  of  thoise  two  Governments  to 
that  Boundary.  ■ 

1)36  Limits  of  Connecticut  were  settled  by  the  Agreement 
vitb  this  Province  confirmed  by  the  Crown  and  tho'  the  possession 
and  claim  of  the  Dutch,  might  have  been  offered  as  an  argument 
to  confine  tlie  Limits  of  that  Colony  to  the  River  Connecticut, 
Yet  as  the  Tract  might  thereby  have  been  rendered  too  inconsi- 
derable for  the  establishment  of  a  Colony,  and  the  People  had 
so  early  extended  their  settlements  Westward  of  the  River,  these 
considierationa  pjobably  were  the  motives  which  induced  the 
Government  of  New  York  first  in  16^4,  and  afterwards  in  1683, 
to  yield  to  Conneet^nt  the  Lands  Westward,  to  the  distance  of 
aboat  20  miks  of  Hudson's  River.  ^« 

But  no  agreement  or  settlement  of  Boundaries  can  be  alledged 
on  the  part  of  Massachusets  Bay.  The  Dttti*  at  the  time  of 
the  MassachuBots  first  Grant,  possessed  this  Province,  then 
called  New  Netherland— Extended  their  claim  between  the  two 
KiverSjDelawareand  Connecticut,  and  had  long  before  the  English 


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approached  the  last  mentioned  River,  a  Fort  called  Fort  Hope 
on  its  Western  Banks  near  where  the  town  of  Hartford  now 
stands.  These  facts  were  well  known  at  the  time,  and  therefore 
in  the  Grant  to  the  Council  of  Plymouth  in  1620,  of  the  lands 
within  the  34  and  48  Degrees  of  North  Latitude,  on  which  the 
Claim  of  Massachusetts  Bay  and  Connecticut  was  originally 
founded,  all  Lands  which  were  held  or  Possessed  by  any  other 
Christian  Prince  or  State  are  expressly  saved  and  excepted. 
Hence  it  appears  that  the  Grant  to  the  Duke  of  York  in  1663-4 
of  the  Lands  westward  X)f  Connecticut  River,  was  certainly 
grounded  on  an  opinion,  that  the  Crown  had  an  absolute  Right 
to  those  Lands,  notwithstanding  the  claim  of  the  New  England 
Colonies ;  and  that  this  Grant,  which  immediately  preceded  the 
Conquest  of  this  Province  fix>m  the  Dutch,  was  intended  to 
include  all  the  Lands  which  the  Dutch  held  here. 

I  have  not  till  lately  seen  an  extract  of  a  Report  of  the  Commis- 
sioners appointed  by  the  Crown  in  1664  to  visit  the  New  England 
Governments,  who  declare  they  find  "  the  Limits  of  Massachusits 
Bay  to  be  Seconnet  Brook  on  the  South  west,  and  Merimack  River 
on  the  North  East  and  two  Right  Lines  drawn  irom  each  of  those 
two  places  till  they  come  within  Twenty  miles  of  Hudsons  River." 
Nor  an  Extract  of  a  Letfer  from  Colonel  NichoUs  Governor  of  New 
York  in  November  1665  to  the  Duke  of  York  in  which  Speaking  of 
the  Agreement  made  with  Connecticut  he  says,  <<  this  Determina- 
tion was  a  leading  case,  of  Equal  Justice  and  of  great  good  Conse- 
quence in  all  the  Colonies,  and  therefore  we  were  assured  would  be 
an  acceptable  Service  to  your  Royal  Highness,  though  to  the  Dimi- 
nution of  your  Bounds,  so  that  to  the  East  of  New  York  and  Hud- 
8on6  River,  nothing  considerable  remains  to  your  Royal  Highness 
except  Long  Island,  and  about  Twenty  miles  from  any  part  of 
Hudsons  River.  I  look  therefore  upon  aU  the  Rest  as  Empty 
Names  and  places  possest  forty  years  by  former  Grants,  and  of 
no  consequence  to  your  Royal  Highne!>'^ ;  except  all  New  England 
could  be  brought  to  submit  to  your  Royal  Highness's  Patent." 

If  any  Settlement , was  then  made  by  the  Commissioners  and 
the  Massachusetts  Bay,  it  appears  not  on  Record,  altbo'  that 
with  Connecticut  in  the  same  year,  is  Registered  in'  both  Pro- 
vinces—:And  if  actually  made,  it  wm  unauthorized,  the  Powers 


te,  '     # 


"    HEW  BAIiPSBIRK  OmANTI.  "^ 


M6 


to  the  Commissioners  being  expressly  confined  to  the  Disputes 
t)etween  the  New  England  Governments,  Namely — Massachusits 
Say,  Connecticut,  New  Plymouth,  Rlio&e  Island  &  the  Provi- 
dence Plantations,  as  evidently  appears  from  the  Commission,  a 
copy  of  which  I  inclose  Tour  Lordships ;  nor  can  it  be  supposed  ' 
(hat  the  Crown,  meant  to  invest  a  Power  in  the  Commissi*  to 
settle  Boundaries  between  the  Governments  of  New  England 
and  this  Province,  the  Commission  bdaring  Date  in  April  1664, 
and  the  conquest  of  this  Government  from  the  Dutch  not  taking 
place  till  thQ  month  of  August  following— There  is  also  a  Mis- 
take in  the  Assertion,  that  the  <'  Places  were  Possest  forty  yeares 
by  former  Grants,"  unless  by  the  Dutch— for  the  English  did  ' 
not  settle  to  the  Westward  of  Connecticut  River  till  1635  or 
1636,  which  settlement  was  made  Southward  of  the  Massachu- 
sits south  line  v^ithout  authority  from  any  Government ;  the. 
Determination  then,  in  respect  to  Connecticut  could  not  with 
propriety  be  cpnsidered,  as  a  Leading  case  of  Equal  Justice  in. all 
the  Colonies';  nor  could  the  Boundary  of  Connecticut  River, 
have  affected  the  other  Governments  so  materially  as  Connecti- 
cut, as  those  Governments  have  a  &r  greater  Extent  Eastward 
than  Connecticut.    This  Reasoning  is  Justified  also,  ftom  the 
Consideration  that  the  Crown  did  not  by  any  act  Ratify  or 
approve  the  opinion  of  the  Commissioners,  or  of  Governor 
Nicholls  wlio  was  one. of  them,  but  on  the  contrary,  after  the 
Dutch  had  in  1673  reconquered  this  Province,  and  by  the 
Treaty  of  Breda  in  1674  yielded  it  to  England,  made  a  second 
Grant  to  the  Duke  of  York  in  the  Same  Terms  with  the  first. 
And  it  appears  by  the  Minutes  of  the  Agreement  with  Connecticut. 
in  1683  that  Governor  Nicholls  and  the  other  Commissioners 
bad  been  deceived  in  the  Line  they  established  with  that  Colony . 
in  1664,  which  instead  of  leaving  to  this  Province  twenty  miles 
East  of  Hudson's  River  :Soon  cross'd  that  River  and  left  the  far 
greatest  part  of  that  River  out  of  New  York  Government. 

Massachusits  Bay  hath  nothing  I  humbly  conceive  to  urge  in 
Support  of  their  claina  to  a  Twenty  Mile  Line,  East  of  Hudson's 
River,  but  a  possession  gained  in  opposition  to  the  Letter  and 
Spirit  of  their  Grants  from  the  Crown,  thro'  the  Inattention  of  i 
this  Government.    This  argument  may  in  Equity  intitle  Individ 


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duals  to  a  oonfltdiation  ft-om  the  Crowa  of  the  Luids  they  actu- 
ally possesB)  re^dmia^  to  His  M^festy  the  usual  Quit  Rent 
reserved  Intliis  I^vinooy  bntoumot  be  offered  aseonolusive 
on  the  pert  of  the  Crown  In  rB8f>ect  to  its  Interests  arising  either 
from  its  Revenue  of  Quit  Rents,  i^hich  "by  computation  at  2|6  p 
100  acres  woujd/  amo«mt  to  ti4ta  j£1200  sterling  p  annum,  or 
from  Escheats  -,  neither  eon  it  with  Justice  I  think  be  extended 
to  the  cose  of  tlKMe  Inhabitants  of  New  York,  who  hold  Land 
Eastward  of  a  9w«bty  Mile  Liae,  the  Lands  being  at  the  Tims 
they  obtained  thet^  OJfants  veeted  in  the  Crown,  within  the 
Express  Limits  of  the  Province  of  New  Tork  and  not  within  the 
Grants  on  which  tiie  Massaehusits  Bay  found  their  claim. 

Having  thus  Mly  cotosidered  this  point  in  respect  to  the 
Province  of  Massaehusits  fiay,  I  need  add  very  little  as  to 
New  Hampshire.    That  GoveiDttent  ts  to  extend  Westward  and 
Northward  till  it  meets  with  his  Majesty's  other  Governments 
and  cannot  therefore  inteilbfe  with  the  Limits  of  this  Province. 
The  lands  in  Question  lay  mUchinoreOonvvnient  t6  be  included 
within  New  York  than    V&tr  Hampshire.     Hudson's  River 
being  navigable  by  Vessels  of  considerable  Burthen  to  Albany, 
the  Trade  of  t^at  part  of  the  Cbuntry  will  probably  centetthere 
to  which  place  the  Transportation  or  Carriage  will  be  much 
Easier  than  to  the  Ports  of  New  Hampshire,  and  where  the 
Inhabitants  are  likely  to  meet  with  a  better  market  for  their 
Produce.    The  Revenue  to  the  Crown,  if  the  lands  are  settled 
under  this  Province,  will  be  greater  than  if  Granted  under  New 
Hampshire,  in  proportion  to  the  Difference  of  Quit  Rent  which 
I  am  Informed  is  1*  sterls  p  100  acres  in  that  Province,  and  is 
by  his  Majesty's  Instructions  flx^d  here  at2|6  8ter«    Thewis 
another  Circumstance  of  some  Weight  at  this  Juncture.    The 
preference  given  to  this  Government  from  its  Evident  superiority, 
has  induced  k  gteat  number  of  Reduced  Officers  to  claim  here 
the  Bounty  his  Majesty  has  been  pleased  by  his  Proclamation  of 
the  7*1  October  lust,  to  extend  to  those  who  have  served  in 
North  Ameirica  during  the  late  War,  and  many  of  them  have 
located  their  spotts  Witliln  the  claim  of  New  Hampshire ;  indeed 
if  they  had  not  it  would  have  been  impossible  for  this  Govern- 
ment to  have  fofund  Lands  enough 'for  them,  clear  of  dispute 


aCW  HABFSHIim  e»AMTI< 


M7 


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and  not  reserved  to  the  Indians ;  but  they  absohitdly  deolin6  any 
appli<i*tion  to  New  H*mpshir4»  for  lands  Westward  of  Connecti- 
eut  River. 

As  the  settling  thfe  limits  of  Jurisdiction  Of  ikt  gov^  of  New 
York  and  New  Hampshire  absolutely  depends  on  his  Mfijesty'a 
Pleasure,  should  his  Mfyesty)  on  any  GonsideratioB  extend  th« 
limits  of  New  Hampshikre  Westward  of  €ottn«cti^t  River,  I 
humbly  presume  to  hope  the  Bight  of  Property  and  the  Right 
of  Jurisdiction  Will  be  saved  to  this  PrbviUoe  in  Respect  to  all 
Lands  before  granted  by  this  OoVeminent  whose  Right  to  the 
Boundary  of  Connecticut  Rirto  specially  When  considered  as  to 
New  Hampshire,  appiears  clear  and  trnqneStionable. 


it  I'll 


•"'  itl^ii-    '  •■       T 


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Uj, 


LT.  GOV.  COIDEN  tO  Ttft!  MtD  OIP  I'tlADE. 

[Loud.  Afei  ittkrli.]  * 

New  York  8*  FebU'^64 
Jfy  Lords, 

J  informed  your  Lordro*  by  my  letter  of  January  20*^ 
that  the  government  of  N«#  Hampshire  has  lately  made  most 
surprizing  and  extravagant  encroachments  on  the  jurisdiction 
of  lands  of  this  His  Majesty's  Province  j  without,  I  may  truly  say, 
the  least  color  or  plausible  pretence  of  Right.  The  Govern* 
of  New  Hampshire  I  am  told,  has  lately  granted  160  Town- 
ships, of  six  miles  square  each,  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut 
River.  A  man  in  appearance  no  better  than  ft  Pedlar,  has  lately ' 
travelled  through  New  Jersey  and  this  Province,  hawking  and 
selling  his  pretended  Rights  of  30  Townships,  on  trifling  consi- 
derations. The  whole  proceedings  of  the  Govern*  of  New 
Hampshire,  in  tills  case,  if  what  is  told  me  be  true,  ore  shameful 
and  a  discredit  to  the  King's  authority,  under  which  they  act. 
Tho'  it  be  not  in  my  power  to  be  authentically  informed,  it  is  in 
your  Lordspp*  for  it  is  evident  from  the  low  price  shares  are  sold 
at,  it  is  not  for  the  benefit  of  persons  who  design  to  settle  and 
improve.  Your  Lordpp"  by  a  proper  enquiry  may  discover  for 
Tiilioso  benefit  these  frauduleut  grants  are  really  made.  _. 


■AWv  ' 


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'  IS 


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668 


ooMmoTiMY  BitPEoniro  the 


To  prevent  m  mooh  as  in  my  pow«r  the  e\  12  <  ^sequences  of 
these  proceedings,  I  Iiave  by  the  advice  of  his  Ma'  ^l  icil  of  this 
Prov®  issued  a  Proclamation  of  which  a  printed  copy  Is  incl  ^jed 
and  another  in  my  letter  of  Janr  20t>>  to  which  letter  I  beg  leave  to 
refer. 

It  became  the  more  necessary  for  me  at  this  time  to  vindicate 
the  right  of  this  Qovem'  to  the  lands  because  great  numbers  of 
reduced  Officers  and  disbanded  soldiers  who  have  served  in 
America,  have  applied  to  me  for  the  Reward  in  Land,  granted 
by  His  Maty's  Proclamation  in  their  &vour,  and  I  have  no  other 
lands  to  grant  but  these,  which  the  Govern*  of  New  Hampshire 
Iiave  taken  upon  themselves  to  grant,  in  the  manner  above 
mentioned.  I  endeavour  to  distribute  His  Majesty's  Bomity  in 
the  manner  most  agreable  to  the  officers,  and  so  that  the  grants 
may  pass  with  the  greatest  dispatch  and  least  expence,  as  will 
appear  by  the  minute  of  Coimcil  which  I  inclose.  Since  that 
time  in  a  few  days,  near  one  hundred  Commissioned  and  non- 
commissioned officers  and  privates  have  applied  for  Grants  of 
Land,  so  that  from  this  Province,  all  the  reduced  officers  and 
disbanded  Soldiers  in  this  part  of  North  America,  chuse  to  receive 
the  Kings  reward  in  lands  within  this  Province. 

As  the  reduced  officers  and  Soldiers  will  find  the  necessary 
and  unavoidable  expence  of  Selling  hard  upon  them,  they  are 
apprehensive  of  an  additional  expence  of  Law  suits,  however 
slight  the  pretensions  be,  and  therefore  it  will  greatly  encourage 
and  forward  the  Settlement  of  that  part  of  the  Country,  to  have 
a  speedy  end  put  to  the  pretensions  of  the  Govern*  of  New 
Hampshire,  which  your  Lord**?'  may  effectually  do,  by  only 
signifying  to  the  Gov.  of  N.  Hampshire  his  Majesty's  pleasure 
on  that  head,  and  by  sending  a  duplicate  of  the  order  to  the 
Governor  of  this  Province. 

The  only  thing  which  can  make  any  person  prefer  the  grants 
of  New  Hampshire  to  those  of  this  Govern*  is  the  difference  of 
quit  rent ;  for  as  the  Commerce  of  that  Country  must  be  carried 
on  by  Hudson's  River,  it  must  be  more  convenient  for  the 
Inhabitants  to  be  under  the  jurisdiction  of  New  York.  The 
quit  rent  of  New  Hampshire,  I  am  told,  is  at  the  rate  of  one 
shilling  sterling  for  every  hundred  acres,  and  that  of  New  York 


NKW  HAMMHIRB  GBAIfTfl/') 


669 


is  at  the  Rate  of  two  shillings  and  six  pence  ;  this  difference  on 
a  moderate  computation  may  amount  to  one  .thousand  pounds 
sterling  yearly.  So  that  it  is  likewise  much  for  the  benefit  of 
His  Majesty's  Revenue  of  Quit- Rents  that  this  dispute  be  speedily 
put  an  end  to. 

I  am  informed  that  the  officers  and  private  Men  of  the 
Provincial  troops  of  this  and  the  neighbouring  Colonies  imployed 
in  the  late  war  of  Americaj  design  to  apply  for  His  Majesty's 
t)oanty  in  lands  to  be  extended  to  them  as  to  the  officers  and 
Soldiers  of  His  Majesty's  Atmy.  I  have  no  objection  to  this, 
only  that  the  civil  officers  Of  the  Oovern^  ought  to  be  considered, 
who  have  freely  given  up  their  usual  liees  in  fhVour  of  the  army; 
for  I  apprehend  the  same  reason  does  not  extend  to  both  in  this 
Tespect. 

The  Officers  and  Men  of  the  Provincials,  all  live  In  this 
Conntry,  have  their  friends  and  Relations  to  assist  them,  and  as 
tiie  Colony  Troops  were  levied  annually,  and  received  annual 
bounty,  different  Officers  and  Men  were  employed  in  different 
years;  their  numbers  will  be  very  great,  and  the  trouble  to  the 
Civil  Officers  of  this  Govern*  become  very  heavy  j  for  the  charter 
and  Proprietary  Govern**  are  not  bound  by  the  King's  procla- 
mation. It  seems  therefore  reasonable  that,  if  the  King  should 
think  proper  to  extend  his  Bounty  of  an  abatement  of  Quit 
Rents,  for  ten  years,  in  favour  of  the  Provincials,  that  they 
receive  their  grants  on  paying  the  usual  fees. 

I  am  with  great  respect  &  humble  submission 
'  My  Lords 

Tour  most  obedient  &  faithfUl  servant 

Cadwallader  Coldem 


m^ 


tr:. 


I   ■':'■»' 


0  5uo 


»  <» 


WO 


ooimoyratSY  biwpbctiho  the 


iMhM' 


t..     ...        . 


-r'f 


PROCLAMATION  OF  GOV.  WENTWORTH 

iV  Ailrswto  TO  TBk  i^ktsbeDiiTG  6f  lt.  gov   C6k.]!>!fel^. 

37  His  Excellency  Benning  Wentworth  Esq'  Captaia  Oeneral 
Goyemor  and  Oommander  in  Chief  of  His  Majesty's  pro- 
vince of  New  Hampshire  in  New  England  &o 

A  PROCLAMATJON 

Whe&eas  IBs  Honor  CadwaUader  Golden  Esqr  Lietitehtot 
Ooyemor  and  commander  in  chief  of  His  Majestys  Province  of 
New  Torlc  hath  lately  issued  a  Proclamation  of  a  veiy  extra6^ 
dlaary  nature,  Setii^  forth  that  King  Charles  the  Second,  oa 
the  12th  day  of  March  166314  and  the  29^  June  1674,  did  by 
his  several  Letters  patent  of  those  dates,  grant  in  fee  to  his 
Brother  the  Duke  of  Tork  among  other  Things  all  the  Land 
from  the  west  Side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  Side  of 
Delaware  Bay  and  therein  also  sets  forth,  or  describes  the  Bounds 
of  New  Hampshire,  in  which  description  there  is  a  very  materiid 
mistake,  be^d^  there  is  omitted  the  fact,  on  which  the  descrip- 
tion of  New  Hampshire  depended,  viz*  His  Majesty's  determi- 
natfon  of  the  northern,  and  western  Boundarys  of  the  provinee 
of  the  Massachusets  Bay  in  1739  &  nothing  can  be  more  evident, 
tiian,  that  New  Hampshire  may  legally  extend  her  westerii 
Boundary  as  far  as  the  Massachusets  claim  reaches ;  and  S^ 
claims  no  more,  but  New  Tork  pretends  to  claim  even  to  the 
Banks  of  Connecticut  River  althot^h  She  never  laid  out  and 
Settled  one  town  in  that  part  of  His  M^ty's  Lands  Since  she 
existed  as  Crovernment.    When  New  fork  Government  extends 
her  Eastern  Boundary,  to    the  Banks  of  Connecticut  River 
between  New  York  and  the  Colony  of  Connecticut,  &  to  the 
Banks  of  said  River,  between  New  York  &  the  province  of  the 
Massachusets  Bay,  it  wou'd  have  Ifeen  full  early  for  New  York 
to  declare  that  tlie  Government  of  New  Hampshire  was  fully 
apprized  of  the  Right  of  New  York  under  the  before  recited 
Letters  pattent  io  the  Duke  of  York. 

In  Virtue  of  the  final  determination  of  the  Boundary  Lines 
Settled  by  his  late  Majesty  between  this  Government,  uud  tlie 


Xi  M'x.ij,, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


571 


liassachugetts  Bay,  all  ine  Lands  capable  of  Settlements  have 
t)een  erected  into  townships,  agreeable  to  His  Majesty's  Com- 
mands, and  a  Considerable  Revenue  is  daily  arising  to  the  Crown, 
ualess  interrupted  &  impaired  by  His  Honors  Proclamation,  whi^Ji 
Kew  Hampshire  will  not  be  answerable  for. 

At  present  tlie  Boundarys  of  New- York  to  ihe  Northward  are 
unknown,  and  as  soon  as  it  shall  be  His  Majestys  pleasure  to  de- 
termine them,  New  Hampshire  will  pay  a  ready  and  chearfull 
obedience  thereunto,  not  doubting  but  that  all  Grants  made  by 
New  Hampshire  that  are  fulfilled  by  the  Grantees  will  be  con- 
firmed to  them  if  it  should  be  His  Majestys  pleasure  to  alter  the 
Jurisdiction. 

For  politicall  Reasons,  the  Claim  to  Jurisdiction,  by  New-York 
might  have  been  deferred,  as  well  as  the  Strict  Injunction  on  the 
Civil  power  to  exercise  Jurisdiction  in  their  respective  Func- 
tions, as  far  as  the  Eastern  Banks  of  Connecticut  River. 

The  said  proclamation,  carrying  an  air  of  Government  in  if, 
may  possibly  affect  &  retard  the  Settlement  of  His  Majesty's 
Lands  granted  by  this  Government,  &X  preventing  an  Injury  to 
the  Crown  of  this  kind,  and  to  remove  all  doubts  that  may  arise 
to  persons  holding  the  Kings  Grants,  they  may  be  assured  that 
the  patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  is  Obsolete,  and  cannot  convey 
any  certain  Boundary  to  New  York  that  can  be  claimed  as  a 
fioundary,  as  plainly  appears  by  the  Several  Boundary  Lines  of 
the  Jerseys, on  the  West,  &  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  on  the 
East,  which  are  set  forth  in  the  Proclamation  as  part  only  of 
the  Land  included  in  the  said  patent  to  the  Duke  of  York. 

To  the  End  therefore,  that  the  Grantees  now  Settled,  & 
SettUng  on  those  Lands  under  His  Late  &  present  Majesty's 
Charters,  may  not  be  intimidated,  or  any  way  hindred  or 
obstructed  in  the  Improvement  of  the  Land  so  granted  as  well 
as  to  ascertain  the  Right  &  maintain  the  Jurisdiction  of  His 
Miyesty's  Government  of  N^W  Hampshire  as  far  westward  as  to 
include  the  Grants  made,  I  have  thought  fit,  by  and  with  the 
advice  of  his  Majesty's  Council,  to  Issue  this  Proclamation 
here])y  encouraging  the  Several  Grantees  claiming  under  this 
Oovemment,  to  be  industrious  in  clearing  and  cultivating  their 
Lands  agreeable  to  theii'  respective  grants. 


1.  i. 


m-i'^^ 


Vi«  '■■ 


573 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE 


m-' 


And  1  do  hereby  require  and  command  all  Civil  Officers 
within  this  province,  of  what  Quality  soever,  as  well  those  that 
are  not,  as  those  that  are  Inhabitants  on  the  said  Lands  to  continue 
k  be  diligent  in  exercising  Jurisdiction  in  their  respective  Offices 
as  far  Westward  as  Grants  of  Land  have  been  made  by  this  Govern- 
ment, and  to  deal  with  any  person,  or  persons,  that  may  presume 
to  interupt  the  Inhabitants  or  settlers  on  said  Lands  as  to  Law  and 
Justice  doth  appertain.  The  pretended  right  of  Jurisdiction 
mentioned  in  the  aforesaid  Proclamation  notwithstanding 

Given  at  the  Council  Cliaraber  in  Portsmouth  the  13*  day 
of  March  1764  in  the  fourth  year  of  His  Majesty's  Reign 

B.  Wentworth. 


IP 


•-%> 


<k'  :. 


M^:«*''-'  ;% 


i  » 


■ffeSfi 


IT.  GOV.  COLDEN  TO  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE. 


'm\ 


[Lond.  Doe.  xxxrli.  ] 

New  York,  12  April,  1764. 
My  Lords, 

Having  lately  seen  a  Proclamation  of  the  Govern*  of  New 
Hampshire  in  a  printed  paper,  I  now  inclose  it  to  your  Lordpp' 
as  it  shews  the  necessity  of  your  Lordpp*  coming  to  3ome  speedy 
resolution  on  this  point. 

From  the  recitals  in  ray  Letter  of  the  20»h  of  January  last,  on 
this  subject,  it  will  appear  with  what  candour  this  Proclamation 
Is  framed  ;  and  your  Lordpp*  ngiay  in  some  measure  judge  whether 
the  truth  of  the  artifices  with  which  that  Govern*  is  charged,  be 
not  thereby  confirmed  ;  viz*.  The  numerous  Grants  of  Town- 
ships by  New  Hampshire  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  Rir?r, 
in  80  short  a  time  as  since  the  last  Peace,  cannot  be  with  auy 
view,  in  the  persons  who  have  rec^  tliose  gran+s,  to  settle  and 
improve  those  lands,  but  with  a  sinistrous  view  in  a  few  persons 
to  put  large  suras  of  money  in  their  pockets,  by  jobbing  and 
selling  of  Rights  tliro'  all  the  neighbouring  colonies,  as  appeared 
to  the  Council  of  this  Province,  by  several  persons  going  ab»  this 
Province^  New  Jersey  and  Connecticut,  hawking  and  selling 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


678 


their  pretended  rights,  to  great  numbers  of  ignorant  people,  at 
low  rates  and  defraur^ing  them  of  large  sums  of  money.  That 
the  grantees  had  no  view  oi  settling  and  improving  the  land  by 
themselves,  appears  likev^ise  by  several  advertizements  in  the 
News  paper  in  which  Gov  Wentworth's  Proclamation  is  pub- 
lished and  inclosed  with  this. 

How  low  it  is  to  give  Ne^  Jersey  as  an  instance  that  the 
Patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  is  obsolete  >!  This  can  only  be 
designed  for  ignorant  People,  who  kdow  not  that  the  proprieters 
of  New  Jersey  hold  under  the  patent  to  the  Duke  of  York.  If 
the  Patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  be  obsolete,  and  the  lands  grahted 
by  that  Patent  not  now  vested  in  the  Crown,  as  part  of  its 
Demesnes,  New  York  has  no  bounds. 

I  am  perswaded  that  upon  your  Lordpp*  mature  consideration 
of  this  matter,  it  will  evidently  appear  on  the  principles  of 
Justice,  policy  and  public  utility,  that  the  Jurisdiction  of  New 
York  ought  to  extend  to  Connecticut  River,  as  the  Duke  of 
York's  Patent  does.  The  Commerce  of  the  whole  Country  on 
the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River  is  by  Hudson's  River,  and 
the  produce  of  the  Northern  part  of  that  Country  must  be  trans- 
ported by  that  River. 

About  four  hundred  reduced  ojficers  and  disbanded  soldiers 
have  already  applied  to  me  for  lands  pursuant  to  His  Majesty's 
proclamation  which  at  this  time  are  to  be  surveyed  for  them  in 
that  part  claimed  by  New  Hampshire.  Your  Lordpp"  will  per- 
ceive the  necessity  of  determining  the  Claim  of  New  Hampshire 
speedily. 

People  of  all  sorts  who  intrude  on  His  Majty*  Rights  in  Ame- 
rica are  very  assiduous  in  prosecuting  every  measure  that  serves 
for  their  purpose,  the  case  of  the  King's  rights  in  this  Prov«®  is 
left  to  [the]  Gov-  alone  without  a  single  farthing  to  defray  any 
expence  that  may  become  necessary  for  that  purpose  j  for  this 
reason  the  Gov'  has  no  method  but  by  applying  to  your  Lordpp* 
Tiie  niultiphcity  of  business  has  often  prevented  the  King's 
Ministers  from  taking  the  representations  of  the  Gov'  into  imme- 
diate consideration,  and  as  he  cannot  be  at  the  charge  of  solici- 
tors, to  remind  your  Lordpp*  these  affairs  have  been  often  forgot. 
This  has  given  great  advantage  not  only  to  the  intrusions  from 


l!» 


>l  > 


it   ^^>'    ^ 


574 


CONTROVERSY   RESI>ECTINe  9HK 


the  neighbouring  Colonies  but  to  intrusions  of  priTate  persons 
among  ourselves.  Any  delay  at  this  time  will  certainly  be  pre- 
judical  to  His  Maj»ity's  interest ;  prevent  the  benefit  designed 
for  the  Axmy  in  America,  and  (he  settling  of  that  part  of  the 
Country,  besides  the  inconveniences  and  perhaps  mischiefs 
which  may  happen  by  the  different  daims  of  Jurisdiction. 
These  things  I  iatter  n^self  will  excuse  these  repeated  solicita- 
tions on  thifl  subject  from 

*    My  I^otdi)  etc. 
11'    .:4iu  '  Cabwallader  Golden. 


^51 


■i 


i^'k' 


[t 


•^m 


ii 


•  m^[       '* 


*  '  ^^t ' 


^M      .      I 


ORDEE  IN  COUNCIL  FIXINO  THE  BOUNDARY    ^  ^ 

BBTWEE}^  NEW   YORK   ANJE>   NEW  HAMfSHjRE. 

(  L.  S.  )      At  the  Court  at  S*  James  the  20»«»  Day  of  July  1764. 

Present. 
Tlie  Kings  most  Excellent  Majesty. 
Lord  Steward  Earlof  Hilsborough 

Earl  of  Sandwich  M""  Vice  Chamberlain 

Earl  of  Halifex  Gilbert  Elliot  Esq'  ^- 

Earl  of  Powis  James  Oswald  Esq' 

Earl  of  Haroourt 
Whereas  there  was  this  Day  read  at  the  Boai-d,  a  Report  made 
by  the  Right  Honourable  the  Lords  of  the  Committee  of  Coun^cil 
for  Plantation  affairs  dated  the  IT^h  of  this  Instant,  upon  Con- 
sidering a  Representation  fWmthe  Lords  Commissioners  for  Trade 
and  Plantations,  relative  to  the  Disputes  that  have  some  years 
Subsisted  between  the  Provinces  of  New  Hampshire  and  New 
York  concerning  the  Boundary  Line  between  those  Provinces. 
His  Majesty  taking  the  same  into  consideration  was  pleased  with 
the  advice  of  his  privy  Council  to  approve  of  wliat  is  therein 
proposed,  and  doth  accordingly  hereby  Order  and  Declare  the 
Western  Banks  of  the  River  Connecticut,  from  where  it  enters 
the  Province  of  the  Massachusets  Bay,  as  far  North  as  the  forty 
fifth  Degree  of  Northern  Latitude,  to  be  the  Boundary  Line 
between  the  said  two  Province  of  New  Hampshire  and  New 


^ 


JX^W  UA^PB^lf^  ORANTa. 


5T5 


York.  Whereof  the  respective  Governors  and  CJommanders  in 
Chief  of  his  Majesty's  s^4  Proyinf  fi?  of  New  Hampshii  e  and  Ifew 
York  for  the  time  being  and  all  o^her^  \9h0m  it  may  Concern  are 
to  take  notice  of  his  Majesty's  Pleasma  hereby  signified  and 
(lovern  themselves  accordingly. 

Wm.  Blair. 


rrr. 


SHERIFF  SCHUYLER  TO  IT.  GOV.  GOLDEN. 

M»y  it  please  your  Honour 

L^t  Fryday  morning  an  Express  arrived  from  Hoseck, 
iK^uainting  that  the  New  Hampshire  people  had  turned  Hans^ 
Jurry  Qreigeri  an  Inhabitant  under  the  Proprietors  of  Hoseck 
Patent,  out  of  Possession  of  his  Lands  and  Tenements;  drrwe 
of  his  Cattle  and  took  oil' with  them  a  Parcel  of  Indian  Corn, 
and  for  tjhe  Redemption  of  his,  Cattle  compelled  him  to  pay 
forty  five  Dollars;  And  the  said  Express  further  informed  that 
the  said  New  Hampshire  People  wsre  the  next  Day  to  be  at  the 
Hoi^^^  oi  ?etef  Vpss,  and  Iistxane  Deale,  in  order  in  Like 
manner  to  dispossess  them  of  their  Possessions;  which  they  had 
peaceably  enjoy'd  under  the  Proprietor  of  said  Hoseck  Patent 
for  upwards  of  thirty  years  past^  except  only,  when  driven  oflf 
by  the  Enemy  Indians  during  the  two  last  Wars. 

In  consequence  of  which  Intelligence  I  tliought  it  my  Duty, 
in  Comp] jpnce  with  your  Honours  Proclamations  to  go  to 
Hos^(?k,  ia,  Qifdeir  tf>  preserve  the  Peace  &  keep  the  said  Peter  & 
BasUW|6  in  thei^  said,  Possessions^  and  fully  to  exercise  the  juris- 
diction of  this  Pvoviit.oe  according  to  th»  true  Intent  &  meaning 
of  your  Honours  said  Pr  iamation. 

And  in  order  the  vaom  ^.'ioctually  to  enable  me  so  to  do,  I  thought 
it  proper;  to  takie  wi^  me  two  of  the  Justices  and  a  few  other 
good  People  pf  %\M  ]^ovlnQe,  rmd  I  arrived  with  them  at  Hoseck 
at  the  Houses  of  the  said  Peter  &  !^stiane  on  Saturday  Morn- 
ing, where  I  was  t»ldi  the  New  Hampshire  People  would  not 
come  untill  the  Monday  following  Accordingly  that  day  very 
early  m  the  raoiiijijBg  they  sent  lo  my  Lodgings  (a  small  dis- 


^I" 


■i»>r-'^" 


^'W'lS 


ill  \:  •■"■■ 

^.  *, 


h  ^  « 


'1^  -I* 


f! 


1^  *j?'  ■  \ 


676 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTINS  THE 


tauce  off)  acquaiuting  me  that  the  New  Hampshire  PlEopIe  were 
.then  at  the  Houses  of  the  said  Peter  &  Bastiane.  Whereupon  I 
immediately  hastned  thither,  together  with  the  said  two  Justices 
&  few  other  good  People  of  this  Province;  But  before  I  could 
get  there,  the  Said  New  Hampshire  People  had  already  perpe- 
trated their  Design  of  turning  the  said  Peter  Voss  &  Bastiane 
Deale  out  out  of  their  Possessions;  and  claimed  the  same  as 
belonging  to  the  Province,  and  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  New 
Hampshire.  And  on  Information  that  the  said  New  Hamp- 
shii-e  People  were  but  just  gone;  I  followed  and  overtook  them 
about  a  mile  further,  and  there  apprehended  Samuel  Ashley, 
who  called  himself  a  Deputy  Sherif.  Samuel  Robison  a  Justice 
of  the  Peace,  John  Horsfoot  and  Isaac  Charles.  The  two  last, 
pretended  owners  of  the  Lands  of  t!ie  said  Peter  &  Bastiane.  All 
whom  I  brought  down  to  the  Jail  in  A.lbany;  where  I  shull 
Safely  keep  them  untill  Bail  be  given  for  their  appearance  & 
good  Behaviour;  or  untill  your  Honoxirs  further  Pleasiu-e  sh^ll 
be  known  respecting  thi>m.    I  am,  May  it  please  your  Honour 

,i4.  .         Your  Honours  most  Obe*  V^''' 

&most  Hbi«  Servant 
iir^il   Har:  Schuylerj  Shireff. 

f  (Endorsed)  i7»»»  Aug*  1764.    Read  In  Council. 


otU- 


V 


^^M 


[Ooono.  llin.  xxr.] 

In  Ck)uncil,  4  Sept.  1764. 
His  Honour  communicated  a  Letter  to  him  of  the  17*  ultimo 
from  Governor  Wentworth  (of  New  Hampshire)  representing 
that  several  of  thb  Inhabitants  of  the  Town  of  Pownall,  at  a 
Time  wlien  the  Deputy  Sheriff  was  executing  a  legal  Precept, 
were  set  upon  by  the  Sheriff  Albany,  and  more  than  thirty 
armed  men  on  Horseback,  and  that  the  Deputy  Sheriff  with 
three  other  Principal  Inhabitants,  were  seized  upon  an^  carried 
to  Albany,  where  they  were  immediately  committed  to  Gaol— and 
desireing  His  Honour  would  give  orders  for  the  Release  of  the 
Pcursons  so  apprehended  and  committed  adding  that  it  would  be 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


577 


an  act  of  cruelty,  to  Punish  Individuals  for  disputes  between  the 
two  Governments,  and  that  as  the  Jurisdiction  istiie  Main  Thing 
in  Question,  he  is  ready  and  willing  to  submit  wliat  concerns  him 
to  the  King,  not  in  the  least  doubting  but  liis  Honour  will  readily 
join  in  a  Matter  so  essential  to  tlie  Peace  of  his  own  Govern- 
ment as  well  as  that. 

Xlie  Council  advised  his  Honor  to  acquaint  Governor  Went- 
north  with  the  circumstances  of  tliis  Affair  as  reported  to  him 
by  Letter  from  the  Sheriff  of  Albany  j  and  that  as  the  Parties 
were  committed  for  an  offence  within  the  undoubted  Jurisdiction 
oi'  this  Province,  for  wliich  they  are  to  answer  in  a  legal  course 
of  Justice,  he  can  do  nothing  further  therein,  than  torec»mmend 
that  the  Bail  demanded  be  moderate,  and  that  the  Controversy 
respecting  tlie  different  claim  of  Boundary  made  by  each  Pro-» 
vince,  already  lies  before  his  Majesty,  his  Honor  having  lately 
transmitted  his  Representation  thereupon  to  his  Majesty. 


Order  of  the  Governor  and  Council  of  New  York,  in  Favor  of 
the  Occupants  under  New  Hampshire,  who  were  settled  before 
the  22"'' Day  of  May,  1765. 


,^?r 


At  a  Council  held  at  Fort  George  in  the  City  of  New  York,  on 
Wednesday  the  a2d  day  of  May,  1768, 

Present.  f 

The  Honorable  Cadw all ader  Colden,  Esq;  Lieutenant  wovern- 
or,jfeo. 

Mr.  Hoi;|smand€n,  Mr.  Beade, 

Mr.  Smith,  Mr.  Morris, 

Mr.  Watts, 
The  Council  taking  into  Consideration  the  Case  of  those 
Persons,  who  are  actually  settled  under  the  Grants  of  the 
Government  of  J\''ew  Hampshire,  on  lands  Westward  of  Covnecti- 
cut  River,  and  Eastward  of  Hudson's  River  ;  which,  by  his 
Majesty's  Order  in  Council  of  the  twentieth  Day  of  July  last 
are  declared  to  be  within  tlie  Jurisdiction  of  this  Province  j  and 
Vol  IV.  37 


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00NTR0VEB8Y    RC8PECTIMO  THE 


that  the  dispossessing  of  such  Persons  might  be  ruinous  to 
themselves  and  their  Families,  is  of  Opinion,  and  it  is  accordingly 
ordered  by  his  Honour  the  Lieutenant-Governor,  with  the  Advice 
of  the  Council,  that  the  Surveyor  General  do  not,  until  further 
Order  make  Return  on  any  Warrant  of  Survey,  already,  or 
which  may  hereafter  come  to  his  Hands,  of  any  Lands  so 
actually  possessed  under  such  Grants,  unless  for  the  Persons  in 
actual  Possession  thereof,  as  aforesaid ;  and  that  a  Copy  hereof 
be  served  on  said  Surveyor-General. 


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f-Vj 


PETITION  FOR  THE  ERECTION  OF. CERTAIN  COUNTIES. 

To  the  Honourable  Cadwallader  Golden  Esquire  his  Majesty's 
*!!.  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Province 
i»  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  thereon  Depending  in  Ame- 
rica in  Council. 

The  Petition  of  Thomas  Chandler,  Isaac  Man,  David  Wooster, 
Daniel  Jones,  and  Robert  Harpur  in  behalf  of  themselves  and 

.  their  associates  Inhabitants  of  the  Northern  part  of  this 
Province 

Humbly  Sheweth 

That  your  Honour  having  this  Day  been  pleased  to  signify  to 
some  of  us  that  it  is  neofessary  for  the  better  administration  of 
Justice  as  for  the  Convenience  and  encouragement  of  the  Settlers 
that  the  Northern  part  of  this  province  should  be  Divided  into 
Several  Counties  your  Petitioners  therefore  Humbly  beg  leave 
to  propose  five  Counties,  To  wit,  Two  Counties  on  Connecticut 
River,  and  three  Counties  on  the  West  side  of  the  Hight  of  the 
Mountains,  That  is  to  Say,  Beginning  at  Massachusets  line  on 
the  West  Bank  of  Connecticut  River  and  thence  running  due 
West  with  said  line  about  Twenty  Six  Miles  from  thence  run- 


T*. 


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NEW    HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.     O 


679 


nlng  North  about  twelve  Degrees  East  keeping  the  Hight  of  the 
Und  to  Latitude  forty  five  degrees  North,  and  then  Beginning  at 
the  North  East  Corner  of  a  Township  called  Norwich  and  run- 
ning a  Westerly  line  to  tlie  North  and  South  line  on  the  Hight 
of  tlie  Land  aforesaid  which  is  to  be  the  division  line  of  the  two 
Counties  on  Connecticut  River  aforesaid,  The  third  County 
Beginning  at  the  South  West  Corner  of  the  first  mentioned 
County  upon  Massaclmsetts  line  and  running  with  said  line  to 
the  Nortli  West  corner  of  the  province  of  the  Massachusets  Bay 
and  from  thence  Westerly  to  the  Northern  Branch  of  the  Mohawk 
River  where  it  disembogues  into  Hudson's  River  at  the  half 
Moou,  and  from  thence  westerly  as  far  as  your  Honour  shall 
think  proper.  And  from  thence  Northerly  until  a  due  East  line 
will  cross  Hudson's  River  at  Fort  Miller  and  to  continue  the 
said  line  to  the  West  line  of  the  first  mentioned  County  afore- 
said. The  fourth  County  running  thence  Northerly  along  the 
said  line  so  far  as  tliat  a  Due  West  line  from  thence  will  strick 
the  waters  of  the  North  end  of  Lake  George  and  to  continue  as 
far  Westerly  as  your  Honour  shall  think  proper  And  for  the 
fifth  County  from  thence  running  North  to  Latitude  torty  five, 
from  thence  Easterly  along  said  line  of  latitude  until]  it  stricks 
the  Western  line  of  the  Second  County  aforesaid,  And  your 
Petitioners  Fartlier  Humbly  propose  that  for  the  Convenience 
of  said  Counties  to  mention  the  following  places  for  the  respec- 
tive County  Towns,  Colden  in  the  Township  formerly  called 
New  Flamsted  in  the  first  County  on  Connecticut  River  and  the 
same  to  be  called  the  County  of  Colden, 

That  the  Second  County  on  Connecticut  River  may  be  called 
Sterling  and  that  tlie  County  Town  may  be  called  Newbury  and 
be  in  the  Township  of  Newbury, 

That  the  third  County  may  be  called  Manchester  and  that 
the  County  Town  may  be  at  Stillwater 

That  the  fourth  County  be  called  Kingsbury  and  that  the 
County  Town  be  called  Kingsbury  in  the  Township  of  Kings- 
bury 

And  That  the  fifth  County  may  be  called  Pitt  and  that  the 
County  Town  thereof  be  situate  on  Hospital  Point  on  the  East 
side  of  Lake  Champlain  near  Crown  point. 


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Your  Petitioners  therefore  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their 
associates  Humbly  pray  your  Honour  will  be  favourably 
pleased  to  take  the  above  proposal  into  your  wise  considera- 
tion and  that  the  same  may  be  Erected  into  Counties  &  Towns 
by  the  names  above  mentioned  with  the  privjlvdges  usuallj 
Granted  to  other  Counties  in  this  province  and  under  the 
Res  riotlons  appointed  by  his  Majesty's  Instructions 
And  Tour  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever  pray. 

Tho"  Chandler 
Isaac  Man 
*]  •     ■  David  Wooster 

Robert  Harpur 
Dan>  Jones. 
New  York  9"»  October  1766. 

1765  Oct'  9.    Read  in  CouncU  ? 
and  referred  to  a  Committee.  ) 


PETITION  FOR  A  COUNTY  ON  CONNECTICUT  RIVEB. 

•  i"  To  the  Honorable  Cadwallader  Golden  Esq  Lieut  Governour 
i'*^ ''     and  Commander  in  chief  in  and  over  his  Majesty's  Province 
*^'     of  New  York  and    Territories  thereon    depending  in 
^        America    In  Council  Oct' 1766. 
The  Subscribers  your  Honors'  Petitioners  Humbly  shew  That 
whereas  there  has  been  a  Petition  preferd  to  your  Honors  desiring 
that  the  I^orthern  part  of  the  Province  of  New  York  may  be  set 
ofr  and  divided  Into  five  separate  Counties,  and  as  it  has  been 
represented  to  your  Petitioners  that  your  Honors  Judge  that  it 
is  unnecessary  that  there  Should  be  so  many  Counties  at  Present 
in  that  part  of  the  Province  of  New  York,  considering  their 
Iniant  State  Your  Petitioners  therefore  fiiimbly  Beg  leave  to 
surest  to  your  Honors  that  Wee  Imagine  it  will  be  nece  sary 
for  y*  well    ordering  of  Government,  considering  the  large 
Number  of  People  that  are  setled  upon  tlie  Lands  upon  Connec- 
ticut River  and  Nigh  thereto  within  said  Province,  that  there 
slioud  be  some  Establishment  made  in  order  to  detect  Vice  and 


•j{;  KBW  HAI^PSUIKE  OKAKTl. 


Ml 


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R6coTer  the  Just  dues  of  tlie  People  Inhabitbig  that  part  of  stdd 
Proviace.  Your  Petitioners  Humbly  pray  thflit  if  it  be  agreeable 
to  your  Honors  that  there  may  be  a  CJounty  Erected  within  that 
part  of  the  Province  of  New  York  aforesaid  which  lies  adjoining 
to  Connecticut  River  and  to  Extend  as  far  West  from  said  River 
til  it  comes  to  the  Height  of  Land  al^ut  twenty  six  miles  West 
of  said  River  and  to  Extend  as  far  North  as  y*  45t>>  clegre«  of 
North  Latitude  and  to  Extend  as  far  South  as  the  Province  oi 
Massachusetts  ^ay  and  that  the  same  be  Erected  into  a  County 
by  the  name  of  Colden  and  that  the  County  Town  may  be  at  ta 
place  known  by  the  Name  of  New  Hamsteed  and  Vested  with 
such  Priviledges  as  other  Counties  in  tins  Province  Enjoy,  pr 
otherwise  grant  Relief  as  your  Honor  Think  proper  aXL  of 

which  is  Humbly  Submitted  by  your  Petitioners.  .^jq, 

Tho»  Chandler  John  Katham  ^.^^^ ^ 

Zedekiah  Stone  Elijah  WiUiams  Jun'      ^ 

Sam'  Wells  Nathaniel  Powars 

Dan'  Jones  Josy^  Wait 

Nathn  Stone  3enj*  Wait  J^ 

Ja>  Roger  Simon  Stevens  i 

1765  Oct  15^>>.    Read  and  referred  to  the  same  'Conune.  fo 
whom  the  former  Petition  on  the  «ame  Subject  is  referred.^' 


h|- l?UB  laiijl^t 


14 


PETITION  ON  THE  SAME  SUBJECT. 


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To  The  Honourable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq' Lieutenant  Gov- 

einour  and  Commander  in  ChielT,  in  and  over  His  Majestys 

Province  of  New  York  &«    And  to  the  Hon'*'*  His  Majesty's 

Councill  now  Convened.  vt-yt  i 

May  it  please  your  Honours,  ^ 

We  the  Subscribers  for  our  Selves  and  the  Rest  of  the  Inh^^ 

itants  of  the  North  Easterly  part  of  this  province,  Humhly  Pray 

jour  Hppcnirs,  to  take, the  case  of  Srii^  Inhabitants  under  jour 

iRlise{.4d  Serious  iConsideration,  and  if  it  be  possible,  to  order 

and  appoint  thatih^e  be  a  County  made  agreabfa  to  tl^J^^^i- 


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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MSBO 

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tion  Preferred  to  jour  Honours,  not  long  since,  that  offenders 
maybe  Brought  to  Justice,  and  Creditors  may  Recover  their 
Just  Dues,  and  noi  send  us  from  hence,  for  every  one  to  do  what 
Is  Right  in  their  own  Eyes.  It  is  Now  near  Six  months  since  to 
our  knowledge,  we  became  inhabitants  of  this  Province,  and  have 
been  eVer  sin^  without  Law,  JNbtwithiStancling  we  have  made 
appUeation  to  be  protected,  but  as  yet  are  not  ansi^ered.  Should 
We  be  annexed  to  the  County  of  Albany,  as  proposed  by  some, 
we  shall  still  lye  under  such  a  Disadvantage  that  Justice  Cannbt 
be  had,  and  to  appoint  Justices  in  some  few  of  t^e  Towns,  with- 
out proper  Officers  to  Execute  Warrants  &<^,  we  Humbly  Con- 
ceive will  never  uiswer  y"  end,  and  which  way  any  officer  (iS 
they  should  be  appointed)  can  Execute  their  Office,  so  far  as  to 
carry  a  Delinquent  to  Albany,  for  our  part  we  are  at  a  loss,  as 
there  can  be  no  passing  from  Connecticutt  River  'to  Albany, 
without  going  Thro'  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay, 
and  as  soon  as  an  Officer  gits  across  the  line  of  the  Province,  his 
Office  leaves  him,  and  the  Delinquent  makes  his  Escape,  and 
which  way  any  Constables  can  be  chosen  to  Execute  any  Small 
Precept  &«  till  the  Towns  are  Incorporated,  we  must  Confess  we 
eannottell. 

We  would  Inform  your  Honours,  tiiat  thifere  has  be^n  biie 
Murder  Committed,  between  the  Upper  and  Lower  Cowass,  and 
one  man  more  missing,  that  is  supposed  to  be  murdered,  by  the 
same  Villin. 

We  would  further  Suggest  to  your  Honours,  that  unless  there 
be  a  County  made  as  prayed  for,  instead  of  good  wholesome 
Inhabitants  comeing  and  Settling  amongst  us,  tlie  Land  will  be 
filled  with  Nothing,  but  Villins  and  Murderers,  as  being  an  out 
Law'd  place,  and  the  present  Good  Inhabitant's  must  be  obliged 
to  forsake  their  Habitations  k  Improvements,  we  can  assure 
your  Honour,  that  ^any  good  worthy  men  have  made  Improve- 
ments on  some  of  said  Land  and  wait  for  Nothing  but  a  County 
to  be  made,  and  when  it  is  made  will  forthwith  move  with  their 
Families.  t 

'*'L  Aiid  now  upon  the  whple,  may  it  please  your  Honours,  we 
''tom-ehend  tliere  is  sufficient  Evidence  to  Induce  your  Honours 
*^|lpat  a  lAiHi^  a^pttyed  for  apd  hope  y«  same  may  be  forth- 


KKW  HAMPSHIBB  ORAmm. 

with  accomplished  and  we  Dismissed  to  Return  to  our  Several] 

homes  with  pretention  of  Law  &« 

And  we  as  in  duty  bound  shall  Ever  Pray 

Tho*  Chandler 

Nath"  Stone 

Sami  Wells 

James  Rogers 

Simon  Stevens 

Zedekiah  Stone 

£2d  Oct'  1765.    Read  and  referred  to  the  Same  ) 
Committee  with  two  other  petitions.         5 


REPORT  ON  PRECEDING  PETITIONS. 

Ifsy  it  please  your  Honour 

In  obedience  to  your  Honours  orders  in  Council  referring  to 
this  Committee,  three  several  Petitions,  exhibited  by  Thomas 
Chandler  and  others,  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  associ- 
ates, Inhabitants  of  the  Northeastern  part  of  this  Province, 
praying  that  for  the  better  administration  of  Justice,  and  the 
greiater  Convenience  and.  Encouragement  of  the  Setlers  there. 
One  Or  more  Counties  may  be  erected  and  Constituted  in  that 
part  of  the  Province,  with  the  Priviledges  usually  granted  to 
other  Counties  within  the  same  :  The  Committee  have  had  this 
matter  under  their  Consideration,  and  humbly  conceive  it  to  be 
of  too  much  Importance,  as  the  Informations  they  have  been  able 
to  obtain,  are  very  contradictory  and  unsatisfactory,  to  advise 
the  Establishment  of  any  New  County  on  that  side  of  the 
Province,  more  especially  as  the  Inhabitants  there,  have  as 
yet  only  an  Equitable  Title  to  the  Lands  they  possess  ;  are  utterly 
unacquainted  with  the  Laws  of  the  Provincoi  and  the  Modes  of 
dispensing  Justice  therein ;  whence  it  nrflst  in  our  opljftou  b» 
attended  with  greater  Inconvenience  to  invest  them  with  thoM 
Ample  Towel's,  that  will  necessarily  be  lodged  in  their  Hands  od^ 
their  behig  formed  Into  a  separate  County ;  than  by  the  a|!|0fa|t- 


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ttasttt  0?  propef  and  fit  ptxtsom  m  Justice^  M  tlie  Conservatioo 
uf  llie  Peace :  tlie  Mode  of  Justice  to  wbieh  they  have  been 
accustomcfl)  ItusriBg  had  no  othtt  lUt^sdidtioa  among  them  since 
their  fisit  S^tlcfmenf  and  being  always  obliged  to  travel  to  Purts- 
inouth;  wkttre  aH  the  Courts  of  Justice  in  the  Province  of  New 
Hampshire  are  hdd)  a  distance  far  more  Considerable,  than  to 
tlie  Coutite  in  Albany.  And  should  the  Committee,  to  suit  a 
present  oonvenlesce  advise  the  forming  apart  of  the  Province 
so  little  known  into  a  County,  when  it  must  shortly  become 
expedient  to  new  aotodel  it,  private  piropeicly  would  be  greatly 
ii\jured,  by  altetring  theiseatof  the  Couffd  of  Justice,  and  other 
Places  of  Public  Resort.  Upon  the  whole  therefore,  the  Com- 
mittee are  humbly  of  opinion,  that  your  Honour  do  appoint  a 
competent  Number  of  fit  persons  for  the  Conservation  of  the 
Peace  and  the  administi-ation  of  Justice  in  that  part  of  the 
Province : 

All 'which  is  nevertheless  humbly  submitted 

By  order  of  the  Committee    14 
jfew  Y01&  2Sd  Ootober  1765  Wm  Smith,  Chairman. 


To  His  Excellency  Sir  Henry  Moore  Baronet  Cap*  General 
I  Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief*  in  and  Over  the  Provmce 
,    of  New  York  and  Territories  Deipending  thereon  in  America. 

fti.'j  J  In  Council 

A'ooording  to  your  £xce!Uency  and  Honours  orders  of  yesta- 
day  <o  give  an  aeco*  of  the  Names  of  the  severall  persons  Living 
cfljiihe  Severall  Townships  of  I^nd  we  R^resent  and  accotdlog 
«o  What  we  can  recollect  are  as  follows  viz*  In  the  Township  of 
#owtial,  Oeoige  Ojpduer  Esq',  Liev  Asa  Alge,  Ensign  Beiij* 
Sriggs,  Isaac  Venornum,l)erkk  Smith,  Luke  Venornum,  Charles 
Wright,  Line^  John  Venommn  Abraham  Venornum,  Isaac 
>VefioJlium  Jti',  Jolin  Avyford,  David  Perigo,  Noali  Prat,  Jhn  Prat 
UiisV^  Hix,  Curtis,  Perigo,  Wittum,  Wittom 
4lBisNdble,  Noble,  George  Gardner  lun',  Paul  Gardner, 
VIHIItni  .      Malary^        ^^^1^17,         Carey,         Parmeter, 


V. 


W: 


NEW  HAMFSHI&B  GRAKXt. 


885 


Hunt,  £ben'  Comins,  Steet,  JohattuB  Card,  itbfus 

Ftttnam,  Maitbew  Ford,  Timothy  Ball,  Crispin  Bull,  Aiidrew 
Alger,  Thomas  Paine,  Roberts,  Benj  >  Qiwear^  iEInoa  GroV'er, 

Henry  Toungs,  John  Singer,  SUngek*,  Johnfieorge  Gfigger, 

Wod  Rod  Grigger,  Andrew  Bums,  Pjuncis  Boms,  Joiui  Hciggs, 
Peter  Forsfouiy,  Boaz  Brooldn,  Beaz  Brookin  Jun'  Hartwell, 
Jonsthau  Howanl,  Rev<i  M' Gardner  &.liis  son  Gardner 

In  Bennington,  Samuel  Robinson  Esq'  Samuel  Robinson  inn', 
Leonard  Robinson,  Moses  Robinson,  Bev^  W  ledi^ah  Dowe, 
Ctp^  John  Fassett,  iLieF>  James  Bivalcenridgv,  Ensign  EKsha 
Field,  Nathan  Clark,  John  Fasset  Jun'  Jonathan  Fassertt,  Jo8e|ih 
iSaffi^rd,  John  Smith,  £b^'  Wood,  Sam>  Scott,  Sam'  Baiibrd, 
Samuel  Montague,  John  Burnum,  John  Burnum  Jun^^,  Stepttf^u 
jStorey,  John  IVood,  Olii^er  Scott,  Labeiis  Armstrong,  Baraebas 
Harmon,  Jonathan  Eastman,  Thomas  Henderson,  Thomas  ISmith, 
Eben' Harw^od,  ^eter  Harwood,  Tho*  Stoief^  Timothy  Pratt, 
Jacob  Hide,  Sam^  TalMis,  Benajah  Rood,  John  Smith  Jun',  Henry 
Walbridge,:  Samud  Attwood,  Johnson  CDeaveland,  Sarnie  Pratt, 
Joieph  Wenkwixe^  Cornelius  Cady,  Tim"  Abbott,  Oliver  Seott, 
Jonathan  Scott,  Matthew  Scott,  Jonathan  Soott  Jun',  Benj® 
Whipple,  Isaac  Davis,  Benj^  Attwell,  Gideon  Spencer,  Benj« 
Warner,  John  Pratt,  Sam'  Swejt,  Silas  Pratt,  Dan'  Willobey, 
Sam'  Wright,  Joseph  Smith,  Joseph  Sa£ford  Jun'  Nathan  Clark 
Jun',  John  ArmstJrong,  Moses  Scott,  Robert  Cotferin,Zachariah 
Harwood,  Elijah  Storey,  David  SaSbrd,  Daniel  Scottj  Hez** 
Armstrong,  Joseph  Rudd^Jedidiah  MetUI,  Dan"  Warner,  Seth 
Warner,  Eikanal^  Adiley  tEbeu'  Robinson,  Silas  Robinson,  George 
Abbott,  Simeon  Hasmcm,  Bei|j«  Branson,  John  Holmes,  John 
Holmes  Jun**,  Eliphalet  Collins  and  Josiah  Fuller  all  of  Bennhig- 
ton  aforesaid  and  settled  before  the  first  of  June  Last  past. 

The  account  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Shaftsbnry  are  in  a  Paper 
oy  themselves. 

In  Arllngtoi^,  Gapt.  Jehiel  Havley,  Ebeiiezer  Wallis,  Isaac, 
Wallis,£beuezer  Wallis  Jun'  Wallis,  David  Williams,  John 

Se(y:][,  Saiu>  Adams,  -Zacheus  Malary,  GideOh  Searl,  Pindle, 

Hail,  Moses  Peck,  John  Pray,  Ames,  W«  Searl, 

Remembrance  Baker,  Doct'  BUiton,  and  many  more  per- 

sons whose  Names  we  cannot  Recollect, 


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>    k 


v.r 


S!f 


n 


I  ■  I  ?, 


■V'i 


■  ■  f     'i 


586 


COMTBOVERST  RESPECTING  THE 


l;v'  1-t 


Iq  Sanderland,  Liev*  Gideon  Worrln,  Isaac  Hill,  Gideon  Bran- 
son, Timothy  Brunson,  Widow  Worrin  and  Cliildren  and  Divers 
other  persons  that  have  been  at  Work  and  are  gon  to  make 
Ready  to  bring  their  Famalies. 
In  Manchester,  Stephen  Mead,  Timothy  Mead,  James  Mead, 
Earll,  Welsh,  Jeremiah  French,  William  Marsh, 

Daniel  Allen,  Benj"  Mackentire,  Thomas  Brown,  Henry  Biddle- 
ston,  Johns,  Wait  Hopkins,  Stephen  Hopkins,        Plnne, 

Whelpley  and  Michael  Hopkins  and  Divers  others. 
There  is  Seven  famalies  In  Draper  and  Divers  more  Cleared  & 
Improved  their  Lands. 

In  Danbey  are  Severall  Famalies  settled  and  many  been  at 
Work 

All  which  is  Humbly  Submitted  To  Your  Excellency  & 
Honours  by  your  most 

Dtttiftall  obedient  and  very  Humble 

Servants 
New  York  18*>>  J)ay  of  Samll  RoBiirsoir 

December  1765.  Jeremiah  French 


»*  ;■  i 


THOMAS  CHANDLER  TO  GOV.  MOORE. 

May  it  please  your  Excellency 

According  to  your  Directions  on  Saturday  Last,  I  have  with 
the  assistance  of  M'  Stone,  Computed  the  Number  of  Men  fit  to 
bear  armes  in  the  Limits  of  A  Proposed  Regiment,  to  be  under 
my  Command,  and  find  the  same  to  be  about  six  Hundred,  that 
we  account  for. 

And  in  the  Limits  of  the  Propos^  Regiment  for  Colo  Bayley, 

about  Three  hundred. 

from  your  Excellency's  most  Dutiful] 

Obedient,  and  Very  Humble  Servant 

NeiSir  York      )  Thomas  Chandler. 

Jan'  20»i«  1766.  J 

To  His  Excollency  Sir  Henry  Moore  Baronet. 


raw  HAlirSHIBE  OBAMTl. 


587 


Qgma.  of  the  Governor  and  Council  of  New  Tore,  that  the 
Claimants  under  New  Hampshire,  Sue  out  their  Grants  by  a 
limited  Time,  to  prevent  the  Preference  of  other  Petitioners. 

At  a  Council  held  at  Fort  George^  in  the  City  of  JVcw  York  on 
fh'cfay,  the  Sixth  Day  of  June  1766. 

Present. 
His  Excellency  Sir  Henry  Moore,  Baronet,  Captain  Gen- 
eral, &"•  ^ 

Mr.  Smith,  Mr.  Read, 

Mr.  Watts,  Mr.  Morris, 

Mr.  De  Lancey. 
The  Board  having  under  Consideration,  sundry  Petitions  for 
Lands;  Ij'ing  on  tlie  West  Side  of  Connecticut  River,  which 
were  formerly  granted  by  Letters  Patent  under  the  Seal  of  the 
Province  of  JVcio  Hampshire j  but  were  then  actually,  and  do 
now  by  his  Majesty's  Oi-der  in  Council  of  the  20»'»  day  of  July 
1764  appear  to  be  witliin  the  Limitsoftliis  Province:  It  is  order- 
ed by  liis  Excellency  tlie  Governor,  with  the  Advice  of  the  Coun- 
cil, tliat  all  Persons  holding  or  claiming  Lands  under  such 
Grants,  do,  as  soon,  as  may  be,  appear  by  themselves  or  their 
Attornies,  and  produce  the  same,  together  with  all  Deeds,  Con- 
veyances, or  other  Instruments  by  which  they  derive  any  Title 
or  Claim  to  the  said  Lands,  before  his  Excellency  in  Council; 
and  that  the  Claims  of  such  Person  or  Persons  who  shall  not 
appear,  and  support  the  same  as  aforesaid,  within  tlie  Space  of 
three  Months  from  the  Date  hereof,  be  rejected;  and  the  Peti- 
tions already  preferred  for  the  said  Lands  forthwith  proceeded 
upon;  also  that  Notice  liereof  be  given,  by  publishing  this 
Order  three  Weeks  successively  in  one  or  more  of  the  public 
News-Papers  printed  in  this  City. 

(Here  follows) 
An  ordinance  tor  establishing  a  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  and  a  Court  of  General  Sessions  of  the  Peace 
in  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of 
New  York. 
11  July  1766:    Read  in  Councill  &  approved  of  and  ordered 
to  pass  the  Seals. 


M\  ■.*». 


W* 


S    ' 


■  ,;• 


!*. 


■:'  '1 


.  -n 


1*1 


COMTmOYBRST  RCKPICTIHO .  THK 


S'''t 


f#*^r  ,^ 


'^-^-pi# 


A  NoMiwA'noN  of  Dhe  'Ctvii.  AuTHonrrr  for  the  Counl|r  of 
Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  New  York. ' 

Surrogate  Thomas  Chandler  j  Judges  of  the  Pleas  &  Justices 
Joseph  Lord  >      o:f  the  Qnorum  in  y«  Commis- 

Samuel  Wells       \     siou  of  y*  Peace 


Assistant  Justices  in  the  Gominis- 
sion  of  the  Pleas  and  Justices 
of  y  Quorum  |n  ye  Commis- 
sion of  the  Peace 


Nathan  Stone 
Oliver  WiUard 
John  Ajrms 
James  :Rogers 
Benjamin  Bellows 
John  Church 

John  Chandler  Justice  of  y"  Peace  and  Quor^a 

WilUam  Willard     "^''^  '^  '  *' 
Thomas  Bridgman 
Bildad  Andros 
and  John  Curtis 


Justices  of  Peace 


John  Chandler  Clerk  of  General  Sessions  of  y«  Peace  and 
Court  of  Common  Pleas 

Thomas  Chandler  Jun'  High  Sheriff  to  the  250>  October  1767. 
timothy  Olcott  and  Samuel  Taylor  Coroners 


Iv  Council  New  York  IS*  February  1767. 

The  Comicil  having  under  their  Consideration  the  PeUtioos 
t/f  sundry  Persons  for  certain  Tracts  of  Land  on  the  Weft  side 
of  Connecticut  River,  which  Inive  heretofore  been  go-anted  in 
Townships  by  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  under  the 
iGreat  Seal  of  tliat  Province ;  and  conceiving  it  improper  to 
proceed  oii  such  Petitions  until  one  or  more  of  the  principal 
Froprietorsln  each  Township,  duly  authorized  by  the  Rest  shall 
appear  and  produce  such  Powers  from  the  other  Proprietors, 
iutd'ansWer  ;to  such  Questions  relative  tothe  Lands  so  granted, 
as  shall  be  demanded  of  them  by  this  Board.    It  is  ord(»redtj7 


MXW  HAMPtHIRK  ORAMTf. 


589^ 


Us  Excellency  the  Opvernor  witlt  tlie  advice  of  the  Council, 
tjiat  ill  Proceedings  on  the  Petitions  aforesaid,  be  suspended, 
uotil  the  appearance  before  his  Excellency  in  Council,  of  such 
princfpal  Proprietor  or  Prof^^ietors  of  each  respective  TownsMp 
(liHly  authorized  to  sue  out  a  Grant  lor  tlie  same  in  behalf  of  all 
the  Persons  interested  therein,  and  suffieienty  prepared  to  give 
th0  fullest  Information  to  the  Boaiid  tcspeeting  thci  shares  uf  the 
gevesslClaimantf. — Covvq.  Mm*  xidx^ 


LORD  SHEIBUBNE  TO  GOT.  MOORE. 

[JmA  Doe.  xl.] 

WhitehaD  April  11th  1767. 
Sir. 

Tto  Petitions  having  been  most  humbly  presented  to  the  King 
inoouncU,  One  by  the  oncorporated  Society  for  the  propagation 
d  (he  Oospely  and  the  other  by  Samuel  Robinson  of  Bennington, 
in  behalf  of  himself,  and  more  than  one  thousand  other  grantees 
of  Lands  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  under  certain 
Gra&ts  issued  by  Benning  Wentworth  £sq<*  Governour  of  New 
Hampshire  &  praying  for  redress  In  several  great  Grievances 
therein  set  forth,  lest  there  should  be  any  farther  proceedings  in 
this  matter,  till  such  time  as  the  council  shall  have  Examined 
into  tl^e  grounds  of  it,  I  am  to  signify  to  you  His  Majesty's  Com- 
mands that  you  make  no  new  Grants  of  these  Lands  and  that 
you  dov^iot  mQles.t  any  person  in  the  f^uiet  possession  of  His 
Grant,  who  can  produce  good  and  valid  Deeds  for  such  Grant 
under  the  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire  until  you 
rec^ve  further  orders  respecting  them. 

In  my  letter  of  the  ll'''  Dec  I  was  very  Explicit  upon  the* 
point:  of  former  Grants  you  are  therein  directed  to"tako  care 
"that  the  Inhabitants  lying  Westward  of  the  Line,  reported  by 
"the  Lords  of  Trade  as  the  Boundary  of  the  Two  Provinces  be 
"not  molested  on  account  of  Territorial  differences,  or  disputed 
"Jurisdiction  for  y)fwtever  Province  the  Setlers  may  be  found  to. 
"  bel<H)g  to,  it  should  make  no  difference  iu  their  Property,  pro- 


,/ 


■'^. 


t 


■    >         !■ 


\l 


'  i    I 
» 


)>•* 


Ij^      - 


590 


OOMTBOTEMY  aSSPXCTINO  THE 


m 

mi 


b. 


"  vlded  that  their  Titles  to  their  Lands  should  be  found  good  in 
«  other  Respects  or  that  they  have  been  long  in  the  uuinterrupt- 
"  ed  Possession  of  them."  His  Majesty's  Intentions  are  so  clearly 
expressed  to  you  in  the  above  Paragraph  that  I  Cannot  doubt  of 
your  having  immediately  upon  receipt  of  it  removed  every  cause 
of  those  complaints  which  the  Petitioners  set  forth.  If  not  It  is 
the  King's  express  command  that  it  may  be  done  without  the 
smallest  delay.  The  Power  of  Granting  Lands  was  vested  in  the 
Oovernours  of  the  Colony  originally  for  the  purpose  of  accom- 
modating not  distressing  setlers  especially  the  poor  and  industri- 
ous any  perversion  of  that  Power,  therefore  must  be  highly 
derogatory  both  irom  the  dignity  of  their  Stations  and  from  that 
disinterested  Character  which  a  Governor  ought  to  support,  and 
which  His  Majesty  expects  from  every  person  honored  by  liim 
With  his  Commission.  The  unreasonableness  of  obliging  a  very 
large  Tract  of  Country  to  pay  a  Second  lime  the  immense  sum  of 
thirty  three  thousand  pounds  in  Fees  according  to  the^llegations 
of  this  Petition  for  no  other  reason  than  its  being  found  necessary 
to  settle  the  Line  of  Boundary  between  the  Colonies  in  question 
is  so  unjustifiable  that  his  Majesty  is  not  only  determined  to  have 
the  strictest  Enquiry  made  into  the  Circumstances  of  the  Charge, 
but  expects  the  clearest  and  fullest  answer  to  every  part  of  it. 

I  am  &o. 
Sir  Henry  Moore  Bar*  '        SnELBuajif, 


^^      GOVERNOR  MOORE  TO  LORD  SHELBURNE. 

^  [Lona.  Doo.  zL] 

Fort  George  New  York  9n>  June  1767. 
My  Lord, 

It  is  impossible  for  me  to  express  the  concern  and  astonish- 
ment I  was  under  on  receiving  your  Lordship's  letter  of  the  lli> 
of  April  inclosing  the  copies  of  two  Petitions,  one  from  the 
Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel,  and  the  other  from  Samuel 
Robinson  and  his  associates.  Although  some  people  have  often 
made  free  with  the  characters  of  his  Mi^esty's  Governors  in 


KEW   HAUPSUIRE  GRAV~  51. 


591 


j^erica  in  common  conversation,  and  liave  frequently  misre- 
presented their  actions,  yet  I  always  thought  that  so  mnch 
decency  would  constantly  be  preserved  in  an  address  to  the 
Crown,  that  it  should  contain  no  assertions  of  Facts  but  what 
vere  incontestable ;  I  beg  leave  to  assure  your  Lordship  that ' 
this  is  very  far  from  being  the  case  at  present,  and  that  it  gave 
me  the  highest  satisfaction  to  find  that  His  Majesty  was  deter- . 
mined  not  only  to  have  the  strictest  enquiry  made  into  the 
circumstances  of  the  charges  in  the  Petition,  but  that  he  expected 
the  clearest  and  fullest,  answers  to  every  part  of  it.    As  lam 
persuaded  that  when  the  truth  is  laid  open  it  will  fully  appear 
that  I  have  neither  perverted  the  Power  lodged  in  my  handSj 
nor  acted  in  any  manner  derogatory  to  my  station,  and  that  so 
far  from  deserving  the  least  imputation  of  oppression,  I  have^ 
made  disinterestedness  the  characteristic  of  my  administration' 
as  I  thought  it  Incumbent  on  me  to  support  in  every  shape  the, 
dignity  of  the  commission  with  wliich  His  Majesty  had  been, 
pleased  to  honor  me.  ^^ 

To  l)egin  my  answer  as  far  back  as  I  can,  I  beg  leave  to  trans- 
cribe some  minutes  of  the  Council  which  are  as  follows — 

On  Wednesday  the  lOt""  of  April  1766,  the  Lieuten*  Governor, 
laid  before  the  Council  His  Majesty's  order  in  Council  dated 
July  20t>>  1764  declaring  the  River  Connecticut  to  be  the  Boun- 
dary between  the  Provinces  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire. 

On  Wednesday  the  22^  day  of  May  1765  the  Council  having. 
taken  into  their  consideration  the  case  of  the  persons  who  are, 
actvally  settled  under  the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire,  and  being 
of  opinion  that  the  dispossessing  them  of  their  Lands,  would  be 
ruinous  to  them  and  their  Families  gave  it  as  their  opinion  to 
the  Lieu^  Gov'  th^t  the  Surveyor  general  be  directed  not  to 
make  any  return  till  further  orders,  on  any  Warrant  of  survey 
already  made  or  which  may  hereafter  come  to  bis  hands  of  any 
Lands  possessed  under  those  Grants,  unless  for  the  Persons  who 
were  in  the  actual  Possession  thereof. 

On  Tuesday  the  22<>  day  of  October  1765  The  Council  gave  it 
as  their  opinion  that  in  the  Patents  then  ready  to  be  granted  to 
Capt"  Jolm  Small  and  M'  Napier  the  Director  Gen>'  of  the  Hoa* 
pitals,  a  reservation  should  be  made  of  the  Lands  actually  po9- ; 


.1  '^' 


:■     I' 


^1 


f  '\- 


^     ■, 


'  1 


i  •  • 


t     ', 


m 


A 


■  ■■'J  .■ 


5M 


COMTmOYEaSY   KESPECTINO  THE 


j«- 


!:|^- 

i^ 


;i>'. 


11  mA/. 


sessed  and  improved  by  Jacob  Marsh  and  his  associates  to  th« 
amount  of  200  acres  to  each  Person. 

It  would  be  proper  to  observe  liere  that  these  Lands  though 
petitioned  for  under  a  grant  from  New  Hampshire  were  within 
20  miles  of  Hudsons  River,  but  were  stil?  notwithstanding  the 
encroachment,  protected  on  account  of  tlie  Settlement  on  them, 
although  the  Title  set  up  was  rejected. 

On  my  arrival  here  which  was  on  the  12*'»  day  of  Novembw 
1765, 1  found  the  Province  in  so  much  Disorder  occasion'd  by 
the  frequent  Riots  which  prevail'd  at  that  Time,  that  no  buai- 
ness  of  any  kind  was  transacted,  all  the  offices  were  shutt  up 
and  of  course  no  application  for  Lands  made,  for  I  was  det«r. 
mined  not  to  issue  any  papers  except  such  as  were  stamped 
and  the  people  here  refused  to  take  them  on  that  condition. 
The  particular  circumstances  of  those  troubles  having  been 
already  transmitted  to  England  mention  is  only  made  of  them 
now,  to  show  that  I  never  entered  on  any  part  of  that  Depart- 
ment  wliich  has  been  productive  of  the  present  charge  against 
me,  till  after  the  repeal  of  the  Stamp  act. 

I  hope  I  shall  not  be  thought  too  prolix  in  relating  all  the 
steps  which  have  been  taken  on  this  occasion  for  I  would  not 
have  the  least  article  omitted  relative  to  the  Lands  in  question 
that  the  whole  may  at  once  be  submitted  to  His  Majesty's  deter- 
mination. After  having  set  forth  what  has  been  done  in  n  regular 
oonrse  of  Proceedings  here  I  shall  tuf^n  answer  the  particulars 
of  Mr.  Robinsons  Petition. 

No  sooner  was  the-  Stamp  act  repealed  and  the  offices  opened 
again,  but  Petitions  were  preferred  by  many  of  the  Inhabitants 
here  for  grants  of  Lands  on  the  Connecticut  River,  but  as  I 
ikpprehended  It  would  be  highly  improper  to  issue  any  till  the 
Rights  of  those  persons  were  ascertained  who  set  up  claims 
under  New  Hampshire  Charters,  an  order  was  published  by  the 
advice  of  the  Council  requiring  all  persons  holding  or  daiming 
Lands  under  such  Grants  to  appear  by  themselves  or  their 
Attorneys  and  produce  the  same  together  with  the  Deeds,  con- 
reyances,  or  other  instruments  by  which  they  derived  anj 
Title  or  Claim,  before  the  Governor  in  Council  within  three 
months  from  the  date  of  the  order,  and  that  the  Claims  of  those 


ociates  to  the 


mm  HAnnnimB  oiumti. 


803 


^bo  should  not  pay  due  Obedience  to  that  order  would  bf* 
rejected.  This  had  the  desired  e£feot,  and  altho'  it  was  not 
strictly  complyed  with  as  to  the  Time  limited,  no  advantage  was 
taken  of  such  Delay,  and  in  a  few  months,  Petitions  Memo- 
rials fc"  were  lodged  by  Persons  sent  up  from  thence  setting  up 
claims  to  ninety  six  Townships;  of  this  Number  no  less  than 
twenty  one  were  deemed  to  be  In  this  Government  before  his 
Matys  order  in  Council  for  fixing  the  Limitts  on  the  Connecticut 
River,  as  they  were  wlthlu  twenty  miles  of  the  Hudsons  River 
and  within  the  same  distance  of  the  Waters  of  South  bay  and 
the  Lake  Champlaln.  It  was  Imagind  that  this  was  only  by 
way  of  Experiment  to  try  how  fkr  this  Province  would  carry 
its  indnlgence  towards  them,  as  it  has  not  yet  appeared  to  us 
that  any  kind  of  settlement  was  ever  made  on  any  of  those 
olaims  except  In  the  Townships  of  Shaftsbury  Bennington  k 
Pownall  which  were  ordered  by  advice  of  the  Council  to  be  con- 
firmed to  those  who  were  actually  settled  there.  As  to  the  rest 
of  the  21  Townships  no  Improvement  ever  having  been  attempt- 
ed on  them,  The  Lands  after  laying  waste  beyond  the  time 
limited  for  settling  them  became  again  vested  in  the  Crown  by 
the  Conditions  of  the  Charter.  Proceedings  have  been  had  on 
24  of  the  remaining  number  so  i^  as  Warrants  of  surVey  in 
pursuance  of  the  orders  in  Council  for  that  purpose,  but  although 
by  His  Majestys  Instructions  the  Warrants  of  survey  are  directed 
tobe  retmrned  within  six  months  after  they  are  issued  some  of 
these  have  been  issued  above  Eighteen  months  and  no  return 
yet  made.  Four  Townships  have  gone  through  all  the  Forms 
and  their  Patents  have  passed  thb  Great  Seal;  Three  more  lay 
before  me  ready  for  signing  at  the  Time  I  received  yottf  Lord- 
ships Letter  mentioning  his  MajestyS  Commands  that  no  more 
Grants  should  be  made  till  His  Pleasure  should  be  signified 
tome. 

The  Proprietors  of  the  Lands  intended  to  be  conveyed  by  those 
Patents  have  be«fn  made  acquainted  with  the  ordens  I  have  re- 
ceived, who  do  not  seeim  to  think  themselves  under  any  obliga- 
tion to  Mr  Robinson  whose  Petition  has  been  the  cause  of  the 
pr^eut  obstacle  laid  in  their  way,  for  they  have  been  some  time 
in  Town  to  g6t  their  piipers  throueh  the  different  offices  and 

Vol.  IV.  38 


h  I 


' 


♦     ( 


'f, 


* 

• 

r: 

■    « 

,    1 

» 

I '  Hi4, 


r;i 


*    .  ■  i. 


594 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THK 


H*'''1^«| 


.  * 


rii5.'}* 


i^-"     t.'      A     i 

Kite, 


must  now  return  home  again  without  putting  the  finishing  hand 
to  the  Patents  which  will  lay  them  under  the  necessity  of  another 
long  Journey  to  this  City.  The  remaining  forty  eight  Town- 
ships have  never  taken  any  other  step  than  that  of  putting  in  a 
claim  without  prosecuting  it,  and  I  am  persuaded  that  on  exa- 
mination of  their  Pretensions,  few,  if  any  Settlers  will  be  found 
on  them.  I  have  taken  as  much  pains  as  I  possibly  could  to 
come  at  the  true  State  of  those  Townships,  but  cannot  discover 
by  any  means,  I  have  as  yet  made  use  of,  that  any  Settlements 
have  ever  been  made  in  the  country  supposed  to  be  covered  by 
these  last  mentioned  claims  but  that  the  Land  still  remains  in 
the  same  desert  and  uncultivated  state  in  which  it  was  at  the 
first  granting  of  those  Charters.  As  soon  as  the  Riots  and  distur- 
bances here  had  subsided,  and  the  common  business  of  the  Pro- 
vince had  returned  into  the  usual  Channell,  I  took  the  first  Op- 
portunity of  enquiring  into  the  state  of  that  Part  of  the  Province 
which  lay  on  the  Connecticut  River  and  having  got  together 
some  of  the  principal  Claimants  of  the  Lands,  I  desired  to  be 
informed  of  the  Progress  already  made  in  the  settlements  and 
directed  them  to  point  out  to  me  in  what  shape  I  could  assist 
them  as  I  imagined  they  then  stood  in  need  of  all  the  aid  which 
the  Government  could  give  them;  The  first  thing  which  occurred 
was  the  difficulty  they  were  likely  to  labour  under  in  regard  to 
their  Situation,  as  that  part  of  the  Province  was  included  in  the 
County  of  Albany,  the  county  town  of  w&lch  was  at  too  great  a 
distance  from  them  to  give  attendance  there;  For  their  relief  in 
this  article  I  proposed  to  the  Assembly  that  some  part  of  that 
District  should  be  erected  into  a  seperate  County,  which  was 
accordingly  done  and  a  large  Tract  which  took  in  a  space  equal 
to  Forty  supposed  Townships  was  included  in  the  County  which 
was  called  Cumberland;  Several  BiUs  were  passed  to  Enable 
them  to  build  a  Court  House,  Prison,  &c».  and  every  priviledge 
possessed  by  the  other  Counties  in  the  Province  was  granted  to 
them  except  that  of  sending  Members  to  the  Assembly  which  at 
their  own  requtst  was  left  out,  for  the  new  County  was  neither 
populous  enough  to  require  such  a  Priviledge,  and  the  expence 
of  paying  their  Members  which  is  constantly  practised  in  this 
part  of  the  world  would  have  been  burthensome  to  them  so  that 


88' 


^ili 


NEW  HAMi:  uIRE   ORAMTS.  '^>       ' 

they  themselves  for  these  reasons  alone  declined  it.    I  afterwards 
issaed  out  Commissions  for  ibrming  a  Militia  in  those  parts, 
and  in  some  months  afterwards  a  return  was  made  to  me  of  the 
liniment  formed  there,  which  amounted  to  upwards  of  600  men. 
I  could  not  help  expressing  much  satisfaction  at  seeing  so  large 
a  Return,  and  expected  to  find  that  the  number  of  families  was 
inproportion  to  it,  but  the  Officer  who,  made  it  would  not  impose 
on  me,  and  told  me  in  a  very  ingenuous  manner  that  a  great 
number  of  Families  concerned  in  those  Lands  resided  either  in 
New  England,  New  Hampshire  or  Connecticut  and  had  never 
been  upon  themj  some  of  the  most  active  young  People  out  of 
each  family  were  sent  there  to  begin  the  Settlem*'  ma  ly  of  whom 
at  the  close  of  the  summer  returned  to  their  Homes,  others  more 
industrious  continued  there  in  the  Winter  that  by  forwarding 
their  improvements  they  might  more  readily  pave  the  way  for 
those  who  did  not  choose  to  encounter  all  the  difficultys  of  a 
New  Settlement  but  waited  till  some  improvements  were  made 
before  they  iremoved.    The  same  steps  could  not  be  taken  for 
the  service  of  that  part  of  the  Country  to  the  North  of  the  County 
of  Cumberland,  for  althoiigh  the  District  was  large  enough  to 
form  a  County  of  the  same  extent,  very  few  Improvements  had 
been  made  in  any  of  the  Townships  except  in  that  of  Newberry, 
the  Inhabitants  of  which  were  desirous  of  having  another  County 
formed  as  they  imagined  it  would  be  the  means  of  introducing 
Settlers  there  but  the  Legislature  was  of  opinion  that  it  would 
be  a  great  absurdity  to  give  thepriviledges  of  a  Coimty  to  a  few 
families  in  their  present  situation  but  at  the  same  time  assui'ed 
them  that  they  should  be  put  on  the  same  footing  with  the 
Neighboring  County  as  soon  as  there  was  a  sufficient  number  of 
Inhabitants  to  require  it.  - 

As  it  was  necessary  that  something  should  be  done  to 
encourage  people  to  settle  iii  those  parts,  I  determined  then  to 
engage  personally  in  it,  and  to  take  up  a  Tract  of  Land  there 
which  sliould  be  distributed  out  to  poor  Families  in  Small  Farms 
on  the  condition  that  they  should  begin  upon  the  manufacture 
of  Pot  ash  and  the  culture  of  Hemp ;  His  Majesty's  Council 
having  approved  of  my  plan  consented  to  have  a  Township  laid 
out  for  me  and  some  others  associated  with  me,  at  twelve  miles 


1  *•■ 


in  ■  i  ■  »•  • 


-'m 


\u 


••  i 


•J 'I 


i>  « 


S06 


CONTROVIUilS.Y  KK^PSCTING  .THE 


distance  from  the  North  Lineof  tiie  County  of  Cumberland,  and 
on  a  spot  neither  granted  by  New  Hampshire  nor  claimed  by  any 
persons  whatsoever. .  I  tlien  made  pubUo  my  Intentions  of  giving 
the  Land  in  certain  proportions  to  the  Families  inclined  to  settle 
thereon,  and  that  no  rents  or  profits  should  be  reserved  for 
myself,  but  that  the  whole,  of  ;tbeiu  should  temfiin  with  the  pro- 
prietors on  condition  of  ^oanufiKltaring  so  much  Pot  Ash  yearly 
and  that  a  certain  quaqti^  of  acres  «aocoxding  to  the  abilities  of 
each  &mily  should  be  CQ^st^t^  planted  with  Hemp.  These 
conditions  beingfu^filled)  thej^ee  of  the  l4tnds  was  to  be  vested 
absolutely  in  Hm  Posjsessors  of  them ;  no  sooner  were  these 
Terms  made  known  buti^ppUcations  W4)re  made  by  different 
Persons  for  Grants  find  no  leas  ^liiau  14  families  are  already 
settled  on  it,  ftnd  I  hfiveh^d  proposals iuadefirom  Ten  more  now 
living  in  this  Town  who  wiU  be  settled  these  during  the  coarse 
of  the  Summer,  besides  several  others  as  well  from  Connecticut 
as  the  Massachusets  Bfiy,  so  th»t  i&eire-is  thegreatestprobability 
of  a  considerable  Settlement  being  made  ther«  in  ti  very  short 
space  of  time.  ,But  as  the  giving  of  iLands  aloQe  to  these  people 
was  not  suScient  without  other  assistance  I  have  at  their  request 
ordered  a  Saw  Mill  and  Gri/it  mill  to  be  buUt  for  their  use,  and 
as  their  is  no  building  in  that  part  of  the  Country  yet  appropri- 
ate/or,diVine  Wqrshipj  I  have  directed  a  Church  to  be  built  at 
fny  sole  expence  in  the  Centre  of  the  Township,  and  shall  set 
apart  a  large  Farm  as  a  Glebe  for.the  Incumbent ;  These  measures 
I  am  persuaded  wiU  contribute  ^eatlj'  to  the  peopleing  of  that 
part  of  the  Province,  for  many  wealthy  Persons,  inhabitants  of 
this  Town,  on  seeing  what  ,1  have  dpne  and  still  propose  to  do, 
have  associated  themselves  tqgether  in  sufficient  Numbers  to  be 
entitled  to  Townships  there,  and  have  taken  all  the  necessary 
steps  to  carry  their  Plans  Into  exeoutioU)  many  People  being 
actually  emploped  jUi  Surveying  and  dividing  into  different  Lotts 
the  Lands  they  have  taken  up.  I  have  likewise  had  a  Township 
laid  out  and  vested  in  Trustees  for  the  uae  of  the  Ministers  of 
the  Go^el  according  to  the  'Commimion  of  the  Church  of 
England,  and  another  for  the  Mse  of  the  College  hei'e,  that  the 
opportunity  might  not  be  lost  of  improving  the  moi^  as  well  as 
fortunes  of  the  New  Settlers  in  so  distant  a  part  of  the  Province. 


tf  :y 


erland,and 
med  by  any 
D8  of  giving 
led  to  settle 
reserved  ids 
tith  the  pro- 
t  Ash  yearly 
3  abilities  of 
jmp.    These 
to  be  vested 
r  were  these 
by  different 
)  are  already 
ren  more  now 
m%  the  coarse 
pd  Conneoticut 
lestprobability 
i  tk  very  short 
to  these  people 

it  their  ^^^^ 
their  use,  and 
f  yet  appropri- 
1  to  be  built  at 
,  and  shall  set 
These  measures 
opleing  of  that 
inhabitants  of 
propose  to  do, 
Numbers  to  be 
1  the  necessary 
ty  Pet^le  being 
o  different  Lotts 
lad  a  Township 
ie  Ministers  of 
1,0  Church  of 
here,  that  the 
totals  as  well  as 
^  Province. 


MEW  HAaiP0inA<  dMAKfil 


Thi9<itflvoiir  'Situation  when  I  had  the  hoti(^of  x^eceiving  your 
[iOicEshipe' Letter  signifying  His  Majesty's  Ck>mlnandt  that  no 
Qiore  C^autA  should  be  made  in  that  {Mart  of  the  Province,  till' 
gisPiealsuve^iould  be  made  know^^aad  al%ough  I  apprehend' 
that  the^  Lands  olaimedi  under  the  New  Hampshire  charters  were 
th»  only)  Lands:  intended  to  be  included  in  this  injunction,  yetas  • 
1  would  not  presume  t<»  >  ptit  an^'  oonstruetion  on  the  orders  I 
baVer'BCC'ivedfWliioh  vsA^t  ap^eiar fi>r0«d; I  have  given  notice 
thatino  Oruits  of  atf  Londs^  whatsoever  will  be  made  on  the 
Oaaiieetieut  River>  till  Hl9  Mkty's  Pleasure  is  known  as  this  order 
ivillstHkeadampofn'SOme  of  our  settlers  and  moref  espe<ei^lly 
on  the  last  mentioned  adventurers  who  having  kept  dear  of  all 
thsr  N«wi  Hiniqwhit^  €h^tSf  looked  upon   themselves'  to  be 
perftetly  Safe  in  tfaeir  Proeisedings.    It  would  beof  signal  service 
to  the  Prbvin«s>  t6  rMi^ive'  His  Majesty's  comitL<}'  befbre  that 
ardor  which  the^r  have  hithefrto  shewed  in  carrying  on  settle- 
ujents  is  abat^J    I  tilifctttioii  this  as  I  think  it  a  Public  Concern 
and Ihope by  what  I haV&alteadjr  said  of  the  share  I  have  had 
in  these  TransaieHonS'thM  it  will  appear  to  your  Lordship  that 
my  private  «mt)luaientbten<!)it  been  attended  to  in  the  Plan  I 
have  pursued  but  thftt  I  hwe  acted  entirely  fsovo.  mc^ves  of 
Public  Gone^n.    No  advantage  could  possibly  arise  to  me  but 
by  keeping  the  Lands- in  my  own  hands  the  profits  of  which  even 
mthis  case  \mM  be  distant  and  precarious,  The  Etpence 
immediate  &  certain-;  By  granting  them  in  the  manner  already 
mentioned  I  flatter  n^ySelf  that  I  shall  have  the  satisfaction  of 
setting  OS  foot-  man*ffa»tarfeS  Mghly  benefidal  both  to  this 
Province  and  Orgeat  IWitMn'  arii!  my  utmost  ambition  in  cdir^ying 
this  Project  iht^y  e*ectiti6ii  was  to  haye  His  Majesty's  approba- 
tion of  my  conducft  iu'  the'  attenip*; 

Having  thus  set  d^^rf  at' large'  the  steps  which  have  been 
taken  in  regard  to  the  Lands  on  the  Connecticut  River  I  shall 
nowproceed  to  an8W<ei"t*ith'*aS'much  brevity  as  possible  the 
substance  of  Mr.  Robinson's  Petition  vrho  says  that  it  is  in 
behalf  of  himself  aWd  Orte  Thousand  Grantees. 

That  there  was  such  a  number  of  Grantees  I  will  not  take 
upon  me  absolutely  to  contradict  because  I  can  n9t'do  it  with 
such  certainty  as  condd  carry  manifest  proof  with  it,  but  by 


598 


coiriBoyBBST  MMBtwmva  the 


5^  ^l 


mi 


£.:#f:i 


K^rk 

^^^^^^^"^       |H 

^^^^^Km-^^  *       ^1 

fflMMvi' 

EW  -  ^'      m 

Rn-'x!"*'" 

■ifc 

■1 ;" 

i 
■1 

what  I  have  already  mentioned  with  regard  to  the  settling  this 
Part  of  the  Country  I  am  persuaded  that  there  is  not  one  half 
that  number  on  the  Lands  and  no  longer  ago  than  this  morning 
I  was  confirm^  in  my  opinion  by  two  persons  who  came  to  make 
application  for  Lands  in  that  Quarter,  and  I  have  likewise  been 
credibly  informed  that  there  are  in  Robinson's  Petition  the  names 
of  a  great  number  of  the  Inhabitants  of  this  Town  and  the  adjacent 
Provinces,  who  never  were  upon  the  Lands  or  ever  intended  it, 
and  had  only  purchased  shares  to  dispose  of  them  again.  A  few 
days  before  the  Petitionrs  left  this  Place  I  had  some  imperf^t 
information  of  their  Intention  &  endeavoured  to  get  a  sight  of 
the  Petition  and  the  Names  subscribed  to  it  but  could  not  suc- 
ceed in  either  as  it  was  kept  so  very  secret  I  thought  it  my  duty 
to  give  what  information  I  could  of  some  Persons  concerned  in 
it  to  the  Lords  Comm"  for  Trade  and  Plantations  and  wrote  a 
Letter  to  the  Board  of  Trade  dated  Dec'  23<>  1766  a  copy  of 
which  I  have  here  inclosed  for  your  Lordships  Perusal  as  it 
states  some  Facts  necessary  to  be  known  relative  to  the  Petitioners. 

The  six  first  Paragraphs  of  the  Petition  relating  to  Transac- 
tions before  my  arrivfd  I  could  not  take  upon  me  to  answer 
myself,  but  having  wrote  to  Lieut.  Gov.  Colden  desiring  him  to 
give  me  the  best  Informations  he  <k)uld  on  those  Heads,  I  hare 
herewith  transmitted  his  letter,  together  with  the  Copy  of  the 
Proclamation  he  issued,  and  likewise  the  Extract  of  a  Letter 
James  Duane  Esq^^  a  Barrister  at  Law  here,  and  a  man  of  so 
good  a  Character  that  hi»  Testimony  carries  the  greatest  weight 
With  it,  who  being  acquainted  with  some  of  the  Proceedings  of 
Bobinson,  and  having  rendered  him  some  services  I  thought  it 
proper  to  apply  to  him  for  a  further  confirmation  of  what  I  hare 
already  advanced  in  this  Letter  in  regard  to  a  Number  of  Town- 
ships being  granted  by  New  Hampshire  within  the  acknowledged 
Bounds  of  this  Province. 

I  now  come  to  that  part  of  the  Petition  which  relates  to  myself, 
and  as  the  ?'>>  Article  of  it  only  mentions  the  Order  which  was 
issued  by  me  and  taken  notice  of  in  the  former  part  of  this 
Letter,  I  shall  proceed  to  tlie  8t*>  in  which  Such  a  number  of 
falsities  are  crowded  together  that  they  cannot  be  better  answered 
than  by  a  bare  relation  of  the  whole  matter  of  Fact  which  I 


VEW  BAMP8HIRB  GBAins. 


599 


do  as  concisely  as  I  can  and  leave  it  to  your  Lordship  to 
Judge  between  us. 

In  my  Letter  to  the  Lords  of  Trade  mention  is  made  that 
Robiuson  and  a  few  others  who  had  joined  him  had  made  an 
application  for  Forty  five  Townships  which  Proposal  for  so 
lai^ea  quantity  of  Land  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  Persons 
concerned  in  it  was  thought  so  very  absurd  that  it  was  treated 
8s  it  deserved  and  rejected.  I  never  had  any  other  application 
{iom  him  of  any  kind  but  as  an  humble  Suitor  to  desire  I  would 
assist  him  in  the  distress  which  he  had  brought  on  hunself  by 
settling  on  the  Lands  which  were  ordered  to  be  granted  some 
time  before  under  this  Govern"*  to  other  People;  when  his  pre- 
tensions were  examined  before  the  C!ouncil  I  was  his  Advocate 
there)  altho'  he  did  not  stand  much  in  need  of  one  for  the 
Cooncil  were  always  determined  from  the  Beginning  to  pro- 
tect the  Setlers  and  the  Land  claimed  by  him,  One  Cole  and 
seven  or  eight  other  Persons  who  were  associated  with  him 
were  ordered  to  be  secured  to  them  ftlltho'  apparently  included 
in  other  Patents.  For  this  they  appeared  very  thankful  and 
wlien  I  thought  they  were  retiring,  Cole  requested  that  the 
Council  would  add  one  good  Deed  to  another  and  let  them  have 
these  Lands  without  paying  any  Fees  of  office  I  took  upon  me 
to  assure  them  both  in  the  presence  of  the  Board,  that  their 
request  should  be  granted  and  their  Patents  made  out  to  them 
without  paying  any  Fees;  This  seemed  to  have  such  an  effect 
on  them  that  not  satisfied  with  making  their  acknowledgments 
to  me  at  that  time  they  wanted  in  the  Hall  till  the  Council 
broke  up,  and  afterwards  came  into  my  Parlour  to  thank  me  again 
for  what  I  had  done,  declaring  they  should  ever  retain  the  most 
gratefull  remembrance  for  two  such  acts  of  favor  conferred  on 
them  that  morning. 

This  is  a  bare  relation  of  the  whole  Transaction,  and  the 
grateful  remembrance  they  regain  of  it  has,  it  seems,  been  pro- 
ductive of  nothing  but  a  chain  of  Falsities  invented  to  serve 
private  purposes  by  endeavoring  to  blacken  my  Character  as 
well  as  those  of  others;  This  was  all  that  passed,  and  I  am 
ready  to  attest  upon  Oath  the  truth  of  what  I  have  here  asserted, 
and  hope  your  Lordship  will  give  me  leave  to  assure  you  that, 


\ii-. 


!K%t. 


f 


ADO 


coMTBOinRnr  RMnDOTiire  the 


SO  far  frmol  evev.  hitying  made  a  demand  for  ftes  of  any  kind 
either  from  Robinson  or  any  Person  living,  that  it  has  always 
been  my.  Maxim  not  only  in  this  Proyince  but  whilst  I  had  the 
honor  of  commanding  in  Jamaioa,  on  any  Fees  being  due  to  me 
by  those  w)io  I  apprehended  would  be  distressed  in  paying 
them,  to  enquire  into  their  ciroumstances  &  have  thought  myself 
happy  in  having  an  opportunity  of  remitting  them.  I  have 
signed  but  aba  Patent  since  I  came  into  the  Province  for  which  I 
have  received  Fees  and  five  are  now  preparing  on  which  I  have 
the  same  Rights,  but  have  promised  to  give  them  up  for  the 
reasons  I  have  just  mentioned;  I  do  not  speak  of  this  from 
ostentation,  for  I  think  that  no  Parade  should  be  made  of  acts 
of  this  kind,  aa.the  satisfaction  they  give  is  a  sufficient  reward 
in  itself  and  am  only  c<»icemed  that  this  Relation  should  b« 
eztprted  from  me  in  this  manner  which  nothing  but  the  defence 
of  my  own  Reputation,  and  the  hopes  of  making  it  appear  how 
little  I  deserve  the  Character  the  Petitioners  are  pleased  to  draw 
of  me,  could  have  effected.  I  shall  say  nothing  of  the  Extraor- 
dinary sum  of  thirty  three,  thousand  Pounds  sterling  mentioned 
in  tills  Paragraph.  The  whole  Table  of  my  Fees  having  been 
lately  transmitted  to  England  your  Lordship  will  see  how  gross 
a  misrepresentation  this  must  be  even  if  I  had  ever  mentioned 
Fees,  and  it  should  seem  as  if  particular  care  had  been  taken  to 
exceed  all  bounds  of  Truth  in  every  thing  they  have  advanced 
more  especially  in  this  article  which  could  have  been  so  easily 
ascertained. 

The  assertion  in  the  ninth  Paragraph,  that  there  are  now 
upwards  of  one  Thousand  Families  settled  on  the  West  side  of  Cm- 
necticiU  River  in  consequence  of  the  said  Grants  is  as  great  an 
untruth  as  any  set  forth  in  the  whole  Petition ;  There  is  not  the 
half  of  that  number  there,  nor  do  I  really  believe  the  quarter 
part ;  I  liave  already  shewed  in  what  manner  the  settlements 
there  are  carrying  on,  but  the  real  land  holders  of  the  greatest 
part  of  that  country  actually  reside  in  Boston  and  Connecticut 
Governments,  and  so  far  from  being  turned  out  of  possession  as 
is  set  forth  in  the  Petition,  that  the  greatest  part  of  them  never 
were  there ;  They  have  been  invited  to  settle  there,  by  all  the 
encouragement  tills  Government  could  give,  but  it  is  still  a 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  0BAOT8. 


601^ 


inatter  of  doubt  ae  to  great  numbersof  ^ni)  whethra  they  ever 
had  any  intentions  of  residing  there  or  not ;  TWo  persons  agents 
for  some  others  who  came  to  Town  yesterday  to  solicit  a  Grant 
of  two  Townships  under  the  New  Hampshire  charters,  (whose 
claims  have  been  laid  above  &  Twelve  month  but  were  nevev 
prooeededon)  hay«  confirmed  what  I  now  write  in  regard  to 
the  number  of  Families,  and  have  declared  ingenuously  to  me 
that  there  are  no  8ettltoietat8<  on^  the  Lands>  they  came  now  tO' 
Claim,  nor  were  there  any  ever  made  in  consequence  of  the 
former  charters,  but  that  if  the  Governm*' would  indulge  them 
in  their  Grants  they,  would  proceed^  immediately  to  the  making 
of  Improvemeqts/and  tM»is>the  case  wath  the'^eatest  number 
of  them ;  These  men  who  both  retide  in  the  Btoton  Government 
informed  me  tliat  they,  were  solioitedi  to  join  in  this  Petition 
but  refused  it)  as  many  of  >  the  most  con^d^rable  people  there 
had  done  already,  and  were  nota  little  surparlzed  at  some  of  the 
bold  assertions  in  it  whi<^  theythemselVes  know  to  be  false. 

I  can  give  no  opinion  or  account>oftheir' being  engaged  in  the 
attwU  service  of  His  Majesty  in  th%  laH  War-,  which  they  sett 
forth  being  a  stranger  to  it^  but  Robinson  can  plead  but  little 
merit  from  bis  service,  which  I  am  told  here  was  nothing  more 
than  that  of  driving  an  Ox  cart  for  the  Suttlers,  and  I  think  it 
must  be  obvious  to  every  one  that  very  few  Levies  could  be 
made  at  that  time  in  a  Frontier  Country  exposed  to  all  incursioBS^ 
and  which  had  scarce  any  Inhabitants  at  all  in  it. 

I  shall  nom proceed  to  that  AHegation  that  some  of  the  Ptti*' 
tmers  have  expended  the  whole  and  others  the  greatest  part  of  what 
tkiymre  vdth  in  purchasing  the  said  Grants  fyc.    How  far  any^ 
credit  is  to  be  given  to  this  assertion  will  be  left  to  your  Lordship 
to  determine  after  it  is  made  to  appear  how  much  has  been  the 
real  original  expence  of  these  Charters,  for  as  to  the  Improve- 
ment of  the  Lands  as  the  greatest  part  of  those  uow  Petitiou<>  for 
are  still  uncultivated,  certainly  no  claims  can  be  made  for  money 
laid  out  on  them.    From  the  best  informations  I  have  been  able 
to  obtain  from  the  Claimants  themselves,  there  appears  to  have 
been  a  sum  of  money  paid  down  on  the  taking  out  of  the  charter 
which  varies  much  (occasioned  as  I  suppose  from  the  Situation  < 
of  the  Lands)  and  that  the  whole  amount  of  these  sums  have 


■    i 


»  *.. 


aos 


OOMTBOYXRST  BK8PECTINO  THE 


i 


been  from  Twenty  to  forty  Pounds. New  York  Currency  for  each 
Township  so  that  at  an  average,  Thirty  Pounds  (about  17ib 
sterling)  may  be  deemed  the  real  expence  of  a  Township  which 
was  to  include  a  Tract  of  Ground  six  Miles  square,  but  very ' 
oiften  took  in  a  great  deal  jnore;  it  is  very  obvious  that  on  this 
Plan,  the  Expences  of  a  Township  being  divided  among  sixty  or 
seventy  persons  (according  to  the  lists  on  the  back  of  the  Char- 
ters) must  be  very  inconsiderable  and  not  amount  to  a  greater 
sum  than  about  six  shillings  for  each  Proprietor,  and  if  matters 
had  been  conducted  Without  Fraud,  no  Complaint  would  have 
been  made  at  this  day;  But  Governor  Wentworth  now  imposed 
on  by  those  Lists  and  the  Parties  engaged  in  taking  out  a  number 
of  Townships  together  have  bought  and  sold,  conveyed  and  recon- 
veyed  so  often  (without  the  least  attention  to  any  Settlement 
which  should  have  been  the  principal  concern)  that  after  some 
.  hours  examination  of  some  of  the  Charters  we  have  not  been 
able  to  trace  the  Title  through  a  number  of  intricate  Deeds  not- 
withstanding the  charters  were  granted  so  lately  and  the  Lands 
still  uncultivated,  so  that  the  Council  were  under  the  necessity 
at  last  of  giving  it  as  their  opinion  to  me  that  the  Grants  should 
be  made  to  particular  persons  in  each  Charter,  upon  their  enter- 
ing into  a  Bond  with  good  and  sufficient  security  to  reconvey  to 
the  remainder  of  the  Proprietors  whom  we  could  not  at  that  time 
discover,  the  shares  they  were  entitled  to  by  the  Charter;  these 
shares  consisting  each  of  350  acres  were  publicly  sold  here  and 
in  all  the  neighbouring  Provinces  for  thirty  shillings,  and  many 
persons  who  appeared  before  the  Council  to  prove  their  Rights 
could  shew  no  better  Title  than  .under  such  Deeds,  which  sum 
was  so  far  from  being  an  adequate  consideration  for  the  Land 
that  it  only  served  to  sett  the  Fraud  in  a  stronger  light.    M' 
Wentworths  Fees  were  secured  to  him  by  his  reserving  for  him- 
self a  Farm  of  Five  hundred  acres  in  each  Township,  and  the 
spot  where  ut  was  to  be  taken  up  was  in  all  the  charters  marked 
with  the  Initial  Lres  of  his  name.    Besides  this,  other  Reserva- 
tions were  made  of  particular  Lots  under  the  Names  of  some 
members  of  the  Council  and  public  officers,  which  in  some  of 
the  Townships  amounted  to  between  5  and  6  Thousand  Acres, 
and  in  ethers  the  number  was  much  smaller.    These  shares  have 


KXW  HAMPSHIRE  OEANTS. 


603 


been  distinguish  <  I  among  the  In]iabitants  of  that  part  of  the 
Country  by  the  name  of  Reders,  and  in  the  Petitions  of  those 
who  really  intended  to  malce  Settlements,  they  were  complained 
of  as  Grievances  because  the  owndrs  of  them  would  not  contri- 
bate  to  any  public  work  which  was  carrying  on  &  they  {"equested 
that  these'  might  be  granted  to  persons  who  would  assist  in 
making  the  Settlement.  This  Request  was  occasioned  by  the 
apprehensions  they  were  under  at  that  time,  that  these  Shares 
fTould  still  be  reserved,  and  appropriated  to  the  use  of  the  60- 
remor  and  Council  here,  but  we  soon  relieved' them  from  any 
uneasiness  on  that  head  by  declaring  all  those  shares  on  which 
no  Improvements  had  been  made  to  be  revested  in  the  Crown 
and  the  greatest  part  of  them  have  since  been  granted  to  the 
reduced  officers  of  the  Army  who  have  petitioned  for  them  under 
His  Majesty's  Proclamation. 

In  order  to  support  what  I  have  advanced  in  regard  to  the 
small  expence  these  Petitioners  have  been  at  for  their  Charters, 
as  Mr.  Wentworth's  Fees  were  provided  for  without  their  assis- 
tance, I  beg  leave  to  make  a  small  extract  of  his  Letter  to  me 
which  was  laid  before  the  Council  on  the  17ti>  Oct.  1766  and 
stands  on  the  minutes  of  that  day.  It  is  as  follows — That  it 
had  bem  the  practice  on  granting  Lands  in  J^ew  Hampshire  to 
reserve  to  the  Governor  a  Farm  of  Jive  hundred  acres  in  each  Tovon- 
shipi  which  is  the  only  Perquisite  in  the  Government,  M.'  Went- 
worth  afterwards  desires  that  his  claims  in  the  Township  of 
Brattlebororough  and  Rockingham  might  be  secured  to  him  in 
consideration  of  his  improvements  made  there  which  was 
accordmgly  done  but  all  the  Reservations  for  him  which  were 
uncultivated  were  declared  revested  in  the  Crown.  I  can  make 
no  doubt  but  at  present  it  sufficiently  appears  that  there  was  as 
little  Foundation  for  asserting  so  barefaced  a  Falsehood  as  that 
of  having  pay<i  so  large  a  sum  for  their  Charters  as  there  was  for 
saying  that  I  had  made  any  demands  on  them.  If  there  had 
been  real  claimants  of  the  ninety  six  Townships  and  they  had 
joined  together  in  this  Petition,  the  whole  of  their  expence 
would  not  have  amounted  to  1600  pounds  although  it  would 
appear  they  claimed  more  than  two  million  of  acres,  but  this  is 
very  far  from  being  the  case,*for  21  of  these  being  indisputably 


,  ...■    rt  'I  ^t.  ■■■<(■ 


•  r 


'.vf- 


ij 


*  I 


F-r 


IM 


i  ':  : ! 


■/  I 


1 


I  u 


^ 


COMTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


'it.'  ' 


,U 


\iithin  the  former  Limits  of  this  Province  before  His  Majesty's 
Proclamation  in  regard  to  New  Hampshire  and  the  only  Scttlem<» 
made  on  any  of  tliose  twenty^one  Townships  are  Intrusions,  and 
have  been  proved  to  be  so,  on  Patents  granted  by  this  Governm* 
some  of  thirty  others  of  sixty  years  stand?.  Tlie  merits  of  28 
have  been  already  examined  before  the  Council  and  am  assured 
are  not  concerned  in  this  Petition,  four  of  which  have  passed 
the  Great  Seal;  three  more  are  ready  but  were  stopped  on  this 
occasion  and  the  rest  are  surveying  and  laying  out  as  fast  as  the 
Surveyor  Gen'  can  find  proper  men  to  execute  his  orders  so  that 
it  should  seem  as  if  the  only  persons  who  had  not  complyed 
with  their  engagements  with  the  Crown  should  think  they  were 
most  aggrieved,  and  expect  to  obtain  particular  marks  of  His 
Majestj'S  Favor  by  Fraud  and  Imposition  ;  neither  Robinson  nor 
his  Associates  who  under  a  pretended  Hampshire  right  settled 
upon  some  of  the  old  Patents  in  this  Province  have  ever  thought 
proper  to  make  use  of  that  indulgence  which  this  government 
had  shew«J  to  them  by  confirming  their  settlements  to  them,  as 
is  already  mentioned  in  this  Letter,  or  have  everapplyed  to  their 
Grants  on  the  contrary  they  have  made  a  merit  of  their  Stubborn- 
ness, in  order  to  disquiet  the  minds  of  their  Neighbours,  and  stir 
upa  seditious  spirit  among  them  trom  whence  they  are  in  expec 
tation  of  reaping  some  Benefit. 

The  Complaint  in  the  10"»  Paragraph  of  the  distance  from  the 
Capital  has  been  already  Answered  by  what  has  been  related  of 
the  new  County  of  Cumberland,  which  was  erected  on  purpose 
to  serve  that  part  of  the  Country,  but  even  in  such  a  trifling 
circumstance  as  this  they  have  not  confined  themselves  to  Truth, 
for  it  will  appear  on  inspecting  the  Map,  that  they  have  exagger- 
ated the  distance  at  least  one  quarter. 

I  have  now  gone  through  all  the  articles  in  the  Petition  except 
the  last,  which  is  so  extraordinary  in  itself  that  I  presume  nothidg 
is  expected  in  answer  To  it.  From  the  whole  tenor  of  the 
Petition  and  the  number  of  Falsehoods  it  contains,  it  appears  to 
liave  been  the  offspring  of  a  very  bad  Heart  and  I  think  there  is 
the  greatest  reason  to  apprehend  that  the  head  jnust  likewise 
have  been  impaired.  How  else  should  a  Man  of  one  of  the 
lowest  and  meanest  Occupations  at  once  set  up  for  a  Statesman 


VKW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


606 


and  from  a  Notion  that  the  wheels  of  Government  are  easily 
managed  and  conducted  as  those  of  a  WaggoU)  take  upon  him  to 
direct  the  King's  Ministers  in  their  Departments.  As  for  my 
Parti  have  been  taught  to  treat  with  so  much  respect,  those 
whom  His  Mc^esty  is  pleased  to  honor  with  his  Confidence,  that 
I  am  persuaded  they  will  do  that  which  is  best  |i>r  his  Service 
and  the  good  of  his  People,  without  standing  in  need  of  such 
able  Councellors  as  either  M'.  Bobinson  or  myself.  I  have  the 
honor  to  be  with  the  greatest  respect 

My  Lord  Your  Lordship's 
most  Obedient  and 
At  Honble  humble  Sewant  ^ 

Earl  of  Shelbume.  H :  Moork. 


.  I 


THE  SAME  TO  THE  SAME. 

[Lond.  Doo.  zl]  . 

Fort  George,  New  York,  10  Jpne  1767. 
My  Lord  ^ 

After  so  long  a  letter  as  I  have  already  addressed  to  your 
Lordship  in  answer  to  Robinsons  Petition,  it  is  a  matter  of 
concern  to  me  that  .tiie  Petition  which  accompanied  it  from  tlie 
Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel  puts  me  under  the  necessity 
of  saying  anything  more  on  the*same  Subject.  That  a  man  of 
so  notorious  a  Character  as  Robinson  should  deviate  from  Truth 
iu  any  representation  of  Facts,  is  no  kind  of  Surprize  to  those 
who  know  him  here,  but  that  so  respectable  a  Society  as  that  fear 
propagating  the  Gospel  should  present  a  Petition  supposed  to  foe 
grounded  on  Facts  which  are  not  truein  themselves  has  astonish- 
ed every  one  here  who  has  been  informed  of  Ht.  By  some 
similar  expressions  to  those  in  the  Petition  of  Robinson,  I 
apprehend  they  both  canoe  from  the  samiequartier,  and  that  the 
Society  has  been  first  in^sed  up(m  and  afterwards  fingaged  to 
present  a  Pel&tion  of  Abe  same  land  with  that  r^ative  to  the 
New  Hampsl^e  Grants  with  no  other  intent  than  to  be  a  mom 
effectHal  means  to  ii^pose  on  his  Maty's  Ministers. 


'V::-«V' 


'   .1. 


i   ,     * 


t  '. 


■*'■  ff» 


i  : 


eoe 


OONTftOynUlY    EISPIOTIMO  THK 


1   '^■ 


f" 


i:^' 


T.       I        !.|.!.  1*4. 


^■V- 


There  are  but  three  particular  causes  of  complaint  assigued 
which  are  all  easily  answered  and  set  aside.  The  first  is,  tKal 
the  Grantees  had  settled  some  part  of  the  townships  ;  were  pre- 
paring to  settle  the  remainder  with  a  reservation  of  the  said 
several  shares  for  the  public  useS)  but  were  prevented  by  the 
Oovernmn*  of  New  York  &c.  How  fkr  the  settlements  have 
been  carried  on  has  been  already  shewed,  and  I  shall  leave  it  to 
your  Ldp.  to  Judge  of  their  intentions  in  regard  to  the  remainder 
when  I  take  upon  me  to  assert  that  notwithstanding  the  appro- 
priation of  these  Shares  for  public  uses  and  Expressly  so  described 
in  the  Body  of  the  Charters,  The  Petitioners  had  so  little  design  to 
serve  any  body  but  themselves  that  they  had  the  assurance  to 
request  thiit  these  public  shares  might  be  divided  among  them, 
without  giving  the  least  attention  to  the  purposes  for  which  they 
were  designed  and  without  the  least  scruple  of  defrauding  the 
Society  of  its  Rights ;  If  the  intention  of  His  Majesty's  Council 
in  regard  to  the  Interest  of  the  Society  had  not  differed  greatly 
from  those  of  the  Petitioners  I  can  take  upon  me  to  say  that  the 
Society  would  not  at  this  time,  have  l}een  entitled  to  a  single  lot 
of  Land  in  all  that  part  of  the  Province.  There  is  not  the  least 
Foundation  tor  that  assertion  of  being  prevented  by  the  Govern- 
ment of  J^ew  York  for  great  care  was  tsJcen  to  give  them  all  the 
assurances  possible  that  they  should  be  protected  in  their  Rights 
and  no  pains  were  spared  to  convince  the  Settlers  of  the  good 
Intentions  of  this  Government  towards  them. 

The  Second  Complaint  is,  That  they  are  altogether  deprived  of  tht 
greater  and  better  part  of  their  Right.  I  have  already  had  the 
honor  of  acquainting  your  Lordship  that  there  have  been  proceed- 
ings only  on  28  of  these  Townships  3  In  24  of  them  the  Rights  of 
the  Society  and  all  the  grants  in  the  first  Charters  for  public  uses 
have  been  expressly  reserved  for  the  uses  therein  mentioned. 
No  failure  has  been  made  but  in  the  four  first  Grants  which 
passed  the  Council,  and  as  I  am  informed  that  the  Charters  were 
not  at  that  time  before  them,  it  occasion^  an  Omission  which  has 
been  guarded  against  ever  since,  of  these  four,  only  one  has  passed 
the  Great  Seal,  so  that  the  shares  may  be  still  reserved  in  the  three 
which  remain.  This  happened  before  my  arrival  in  America. 
.  The  Third  Complaint  is.  That  as  the  Residue  of  such  Lands 


.s 


MEW  UAMPIHIRB  OKAim.  ^    007 

v>hich  are  not  atrtady  granted  awayj  they  are  burthened  with  such 
txpenses  and  Charges  as  are  greatly  more  than  eqttal  in  point  of 
oa/ue  to  the  Shares  themselves.    The  onl>'  way  this  assertion  can 
be  answ**  is  by  denying  it  flatly,  and  I  am  extremely  sorry  to  be 
under  the  necessity  of  declaring  to  your  J/ordship  tli.U  there  is 
not  a  word  of  truth  in  itj  When  thp  first  Petitioners  for  these 
public  Shares  could  not  obtain  them  [or  their  own  uses,  as  I 
Ivave  already  mentioned  they  desired  that  the  Society  might  be 
Charged  with  a  Share  of  the  Expenses  which  would  be  incurred 
for  surveying  &».    But  this  was  likewise  absolutely  reiVised, 
and  they  were  told  that  if  they  did  not  choose  to  take  out  their 
grants  on  the  Terms  of  paying  the  Costs  of  the  four  Public 
Shares  amongst  them  they  should  not  have  them  at  all.    The 
Reason  which  occasioned  this  Declaration  was  that  as  there 
appeared  on  the  baok  of  each  Charter  a  long  list  of  Names  the 
greatest  part  of  which  are  enj^rely  unknown    The  Council 
joined  in  Opinion  with  me  that  if  these  were  the  names  of  real 
Proprietors  there  could  be  no  hardship  in  fixing  the  Expense  on 
them  as  the  Quota  of  each  person  interested  in  the  Town- 
ship would  be  so  small  as  to  amount  at  most  to  a  mere  trifle. 
By  this  means  the  Society's  shares  were  so  far  from  being  bur- 
thened with  expenses  and  charged  greatly  more  than  equal  in  point 
of  value  to  the  Lands  themselves,  that  they  are  not  charged  with 
the  expense  of  a  single  shilling.    I  am  sorry  to  say  that  our 
suspicions  of  these  names  on  the  back  of  the  Charters  were 
but  too  well  founded  and  it  has  since  appeared  that  some  of  the 
Charters  which  have  made  their  appearance  in  great  Form  and 
under  the  claims  of  sixty  or  seventy  proprietors  have  been 
found  in  reality  to  belong  to  no  more  than  six  or  seven  Persons, 
which  will  be  a  great  Detriment  to  the  settling  of  that  part  of 
the  Province,  and  is  entirely  contradictory  to  His  Majesty's 
Orders  which  are  that  no  more  than  one  thousand  acres  should 
be  given  to  each  Person. 

I.hope  by  what  I  have  here  offered  in  answer  to  the  Society's 
Petition,  that  it  will  sufficiently  appear  to  your  Ldp  how  they 
have  been  imposed  on  in  the  accounts  they  have  received  of  our 
Proceedings  here,  and  to  which  they  have  so  readily  given 
credit.    Had  the  true  state  of  the  ease  been  laid  before  His 


|:-.:'V 


I  'I 


'        l! 


•r 


t  '>' 


Iv' 


"'•-.^»*'i 


AMI 


f«08 


CONTROTERSy  RES^ECriNG  THE 


Majesty  it  would  have  appeared  that  in  order  to  make  up  for  a 
Loss  sustained  by  350  acres  in  one  of  the  Townships  which 
happened  before  my  arrival,  by  a  mere  omission  of  the  Council 
in  their  first  entering  on  a  new  scene  of  Business,  I  had  taken 
care  to  secure  to  the  Church  as  «0on  as  I  had  it  in  my  power  a 
large  District  comprehending  no  less  than  23,200  acres. 

I  have  enquired  of  D'  Auchmuty  the  Rector  of  Trinity 
Church  here  (who  is  I  am  informed  the  principal  correspondent 
of  the  Society  in  this  Province)  from  whence  this  extraordinary 
information  could  be  sent,  but  he  tells  me  that  he  is  entirely  igno- 
rant of  it,  and  as  I  have  the  greatest  reason  to  imagine  that  the 
Society  have  not  founded  their  petition  on  better  authority 
than  what  they  have  received  from  Robinson  and  his  associates 
I  hope  they  well  act  with  so  much  oabdour  when  they  are 
informed  of  the  particulars  of  my  answer  as  to  lay  before  youp 
Lordship  the  authorities  upon  which  they  haVe  been  induced  to 
present  a  Petition  to  His  Majesty  which  tends  so  manifestly  to 
Calumniate  me.  Common  Justice  reqmres  this  at  their  Hands 
and  the  Principles  upon  which  that  Society  is  supposed  to  act  in 
other  matters,  will  I  hope  surest  to  them  that  such  a  behaviour 
will  be  necessary  on  this  occasion  not  only  in  support  of  my 
Character,  but  of  their  own.  ■   »  -  v  v 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  the  greatest  respect.  My  Lord, 
Tour  Lordships  most  most  obedient  and  humble  servant, 

Bt  Rouble  Earl  of  Shelburne  H.  Moorb. 

•,*  In  Counc.  Min.  xxv.  There  is  an  entry  substantially  of  the  same  purport 
as  the  above,  dated  10  June  1767 ;  &  in  vol.  xxix,  250  will  be  found  a  Royal  order 
dated  26  June  1767,  disallowing  an  act  passed  by  the  New  Tork  Legislature  in 
1766  erecting  the  lands  on  the  west  of  Connecticut  Rivei*  Into  the  County  of 
Cumberland. 


M^   vf-K-.:' 


ji  11' 


"X  ei 


iV.(,;>  yt":r 


/. 


-t' 


ii\M 


,» "'■< 


}  ».■ 


rj  >• 


;  ■  -  .1  ■  -•  ■ 


'i    ' 


■  M 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.  600 

ORDER  OF  THE  KING  IN  COUNCIL 

FORBIDDING    THE   GOVERNOR   OF   NEW    YORK   TO   MAkE  GRANTS  OF 
ANV   LANDS   ALREADY    PATENTED   BY    NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 

[Council  Minutes  vol.  xxvi.] 
At  the  Court  at  S*  Jame's  the  24t»»  day  of  Julj  1767. 

Present. 

The  King's  most  Excellent  Majesty.  i* 

Archbishop  of  Canterbury       Earl  of  Shelburqe. 
Ix)rd  Chancellor.  Vl^ount  Falmoutli. 

Duke  of  Queensbury.    '..i^;      Viscount  Bairmgton,  ' 

Duke  of  Ancasterk    Ui:^i  .  '     Viscount  Clare        ,»   ;;    v"' 
Lord  Chamberlain.  Bishop  of  London 

Earl  of  Litchfield.  M' Secretary  Conway.     -      *' 

Earl  of  Bristol  Hans  Stanley  Esquire 

Whereas  there  was  this  day  read  at  the  Board,  a  Report  from 
the  Right  Hono'*'®  the  Lords  of  the  Cooimittee  of  Council  fop 
Plantation  affairs,  dated  the  30 1"  of  last  month  in  tlie  words 
following  Viz* 

"Your  Majesty  having  been  pleased  to  refer  unto  this  Com- 
«mittee  the  humble  Petition  of  the  Incorporated  Society  for 
I' the  Propagation  of  tlie  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts,  Setting 
"forth  among  other  things,  that  Benning  Wentwortli  Esquiro 
« Governor  of  New  Hampshire  in  New  England,  made  several 
"Grants  of  Lat-ge  Tracts  of  Land  lying  on  the  West  side  of 
"Connecticut  River,  which  were  incorporated  into  above  one 
"hundred  Townships,  end  several  shares  were  reserved  in  each 
"of  the  said  Grants  to  the  Petitioners  for  a  Glebe  for  tlie  Church 
"of  England,  and  for  the  benefit  of  a  School :  That  the  Govern- 
"mentof  New  York  having  claimed  the  said  Lands  and  the 
"Jurisdiction  thereof,  granted  great  part  of  those  Lands  without 
"reserving any  shares  for  the  aboveraentioned  PuMick  Uses: 
"And  therefore  the  Petitioners  Pray  that  the  Grants  made  by 
"  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  may  be  ratified  and  con- 
"  firmed,  or  Such  order  made  thereupon  as  to  your  Mitjesty 
"should  seem  meet — and  your  Majesty  having  been  likewise* 
"pleased  to  refer  unto  this  Committee  the  humble  Petition  of 
Vol.  IV.  89 


.     li' 


1 


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^'  ''■ 


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1 .4 

.1 


r  i! 


J' 
I" 


!| 


QIO 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


1 

■*■■ 


■f 


f  ? 


'■'1 

-1 


"  Samuel  Robinson  of  Bennington  in  North  America  on  behalf  of 
"  himself  and  more  than  one  thousand  other  Grantees  of  Lauds 
"  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  under  Certain  Grants 
"  issued  by  the  said  Governor  of  New  Hampsliire  Setting  forth 
'<  amongst  other  things,  that  the  said  Governor  made  Grants  to 
"  the  Petitioners  of  several  Tracts  of  Land  lying  as  aforesaid  on 
"  the  Western  side  of  the  Connecticut  Iliver,  wliich  were  incorpo- 
"  rated  into  above  one  hundred  Townships  and  supposed  to  lie 
"  within  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  whereupon  tlie 
*'  Petitioners  expended  large  suras  of  money  in  settling  and  cultl- 
"  vating  the  same.  That  on'  the  20«»»  of  July  1 764  the  said  Lands 
"  having  been  declared  by  your  Majesty  to  be  within  the  Govern- 
**  ment  of  New  York,  the  Lieutenant  Governor  of  that  Pro- 
"  vince  made  grants  of  part  of  the  said  Lands  included  within 
"  the  Petitioners  Grants,  which  being  of  infinite  prejudice  to 
"them;  they  t'aerefore  most  humbly  pray  (amongst  other 
"  things)  thdl  their  said  several  Grants  made  by  Governor  Went- 
"  worth  may  be  ratified  and  confirmed  under  your  Majesty's 
"  Royal  Order.  The  Lords  of  the  Committee  in  obedience  to 
**  your  Majesty's  said  Order  of  Reference,  have  taken  the  said 
"Petitions  into  their  Consideration,  together  with  a  Report 
*^  made  by  the  Lords  Commissioners  for  Trade  and  Plantations 
«  upon  the  former  of  the  said  Petitions,  and  do  thereupon  agree 
"humbly  to  report  as  their  opinion  to  your  Majesty,  that 
"  the  most  Positive  orders  should  be  immediately  sent  to  the 
"  Governor  of  New  York,  to  desist  from  making  any  Grants 
"  whatsoever  of  any  Part  of  those  Lands,  until  your  Majesty's 
"  furtlier  Pleasure  shall  be  known." 

His  Majesty  taking  the  said  Report  into  Consideration,  was 
pleased  with  the  advice  of  his  Privy  Council  to  approve  thereof. 
and  doth  hereby  strictly  charge  require  and  command  that  the 
Governor  or  Commander  in  Cliief  of  his  Majesty's  Province  of 
New  York  for  the  Time  being,  do  not  (upon  Pain  of  liis  Majes- 
ty's highest  displeasure)  presume  to  make  any  Grant  whatever 
«)f  any  Part  of  tlie  Lands  described  in  tlie  said  Report,  until  his 
>fajesty's  further  Pleasure  shall  be  known  concerning  the  same. 

W;  SUARFE. 


^4mr 


VJ. 


.  /' 


NEW   HAMPSniRB  GRANTS. 


tiv 


On  Reading  and  due  Consideration  Whereof,  [20t»>  October 
1769]  Ills  Honour  the  Lieutenant  Governor  was  pleased  to  t^ 
quire  tlie  opinion  of  tlie  Council,  whether  his  Majesty's  said  order 
extended  to  restrain  the  Granting  of  any  Lands  formerly  claimed 
by  New  Hampshire,  but  whicli  have  not  been  granted  by  tliat 
Government:  tlie  Ctmncil  thereupon  declared  they  were  of  opl-;  > 
nlon  his  Majeslys  said  order  prohibited  only  the  granting  of  such 
of  tlie  said  Lands  as  have  actually  been  granted  by  the  Govern- 
ment of  New  Hampshire,  and  does  not  extend  to  any  part  of  the 
said  Lands  which  have  not  been  granted  by  that  Gkivemment. 


1^1 

List  of  Judges,  Assistant  Justices  and  Justices  of  the  Peace  for 
the  County  of  Cumberland  appointed  by  Commission  bearing 
date  the  Tth  day  of  Aprill768.  .^^ 

Tiiomas  Cliandler  \  ^, 

Josepli  Lord  (Resigned)  [  Judges  ,^ 

Samuel  Wells  )  ..^     ..^^J^ 

Thomas  Chandler  Junior                              n            *    :  f  t 

Samuel  Stevens  (never  lived  in  the  county)  r  Assistant  ^ 
Nathan  Stone                                               C  Justices 

William  Willard                                           )  * 

Thomas  Bridgman  (Dead)         \  ^  i- <?,.  ^( 

Bildad  Andros  /  v  mh. ?■«.'. >,i'^j^l 

Israil  Curtis     »  I  ,  >  Justices  of  the  Peace.        f 

Henry  Wells  (never  Qualified)  V  ,  ,,^      .-t 

Simon  Stevens  ,/         ,      ,,  \. 


'"v-l 


Kl;l 


V      t 


ft 


it 

i  ft 


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GOV.  MOOhE  TO  LORD  HILLSBOROUGH.  '''    '"^i^"^ 


( 


[Lon.  Doe.  xlll.]       ,f,,i> 

New  York  10  Aug.  1769. 


My  Lord,  M?hi!  '-*  •  ^  fi  -^  ■^'t 

If  I  thought  it  incumbent  on  me  to  make  an  apology  to  your 
Lordp  in  my  last  letter  at  the  time  I  transmitted  two  petitionSi 


I  ^ 


an 


CONTROTERSY   RESPECTING  TLE 


u 


'.Hi 


M>-  ' 


-ti  fl 


v'j  ^^^  ''^' '     I 


eoncerning  the  Lands  on  the  Connecticut  River,  with  mneh 
greater  reason  should  I  do  it  now  in  offering  any  thing  njore  on 
the  same  subject.  The  inclosed  petitions  were  preparing  at  the 
tfiue  the  last  Pacquet  sailed,  and  notyvithstanding  I  have  inl'urtned 
the  persons  concerned  in  it,  of  what  your  Lord'  was  pleased  to 
mention  in  your  letter  by  this  last  Packquet  concerning  those 
liinds,  they  still  think  it  an  injustice  done  to  them  not  to  forward 
their  case  to  your  Lordp  if  their  grants  are  refused  to  be  made 
out  by  me  on  their  apfflication  for  tliem.  So  much  has  already 
been  said  on  this  head,  that  I  shall  only  beg  leave  to  submit  the 
following  observations  to  your  Lordp.  When  His  Majiy'»  order 
in  Council  was  first  sent  over  by  the  Earl  of  Shelburnej  forbid- 
ding any  further  grants  to  be  made  of  the  Lands  in  question  it 
was  the  general  opinion  here,  that  the  restriction  was  only 
intended  to  be  laid  on  the  granting  of  any  patents  which  could 
possibly  aflFect  the  particular  Townships,  set  forth  in  Robinson's 
Petition  J  I  took  His  Maj*y'»  order  in  a  greater  latitude,  &  not- 
withstanding the  repeated  attacks  made  upon  me,  as  well  by 
reduced  officers  and  disbanded  Soldiers,  as  by  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  this  Province,  I  have  constantly  refused  to  comply  with 
their  demands  fillthough  the  Lands  for  which  they  applyed  had 
never  beeh  granted  by  the  Govern*  of  N.  Hampshire,  or  included 
ill  the  above  mentioned  Petition;  as  some  Townships  were  sup- 
posed to  be  laid  out  on  the  west  side  of  Lake  Champlain  (altho' 
there  was  no  other  foundation  for  such  a  supposition  than  a  Map 
printed  in  the  Province  of  Connecticut),  I  observed  the  same 
rule  in  regard  to  that  part  of  the  Country,  notwithstanding 
there  was  not  the  least  appearance  upon  Earth  of  a  survey 
having  been  made  there  it  is  now  above  two  years  since 
I  wrote  my  first  letter  to  the  Earl  of  Shelburne  in  answer  to  the 
Petitions  of  Robinson  and  the  Society  for  propagating  the 
Gospel,  during  which  time  I  have  used  every  means  in  ray 
power  to  carry  into  execution  the  plan  I  had  formed  by  making 
such  a  communication  with  the  Prov<=«  of  Quebec  as  I  have 
already  had  the  honor  of  laying  before  your  Lord^  but  in  our 
present  situation  every  endeavour  of  mine  will  be  rendered 
ineffectual,  if  the  Lands  on  the  [East?]  side  of  the  Lake  arc 
npl  permitted  to  be  granted,  for  those  tracts  which  are  now  in 


:<»■    ■'  . 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  QKAWVh 


6U 


tlie  possession  of  officers  and  soldiers,  not  being  charged  with 
any  quit  Rent  fur  tlie  first  ten  year?,  remain  still  in  tlie  same 
uiicnltivated  State,  as  when  they  [.were]  Krsf  granted,  and  ^f 
course  will  be  always  an  obstruction  to  the  making  of  Roads  on 
the  side  of  the  Lake  till  some  settlers  can  be  fixed  there.  Our 
precarious  communication  with  the  province  of  Quebec  at 
certain  seasons  of  the  year,  requires  that  the  advantage  of  a 
Public  Road  should  be  pfocured  as  soon  as  possible,  but  it  n 
not  in  the  power  of  Man  to  engage  those  who  proposed  settling 
in  those  parts  in  any  such  undertaking  till  they  have  prop^ 
titles  .totlieir  Lands. 

The  accounts  which  have  been  given  to  me  of  tho  falls  on  £ftd 
Connecticut  River  vary  so  much,  as  there  objects  are  seen  fii 
different  lights  by  different  people,  that  I  was  determined 
to  see  them  myself,  and  in  expectation  of  receiving  tttk 
Maj*y«  commands  relative  to  that  pai^t  of  the  Country  had 
made  the  necessary  preparation  for  my  expedition,  by  orderfnj^ 
gome  Boats  to  be  built  in  the  uppermost  Inhabited  Township  d^ 
that  River.  My  intention  was  to  have  taken  a  view  of  tli^ 
whole  stream  from  Newberry  to  the  Massachusetts  line,  and  f<) 
have  made  an  attempt  to  render  those  falls  and  rapids  (if  possf 
.bfe)  less  dangerous  and  Inconvenient  for  the  floating  of  Timber 
down,  for,  I  have  been  informed,  that  several  Masts  ftave  beed 
so  far  shattered  either  by  the  mismanagement  of  the  Conductors 
or  by  choosing  Improper  seasons  for  such  a  work,  as  to  be  totally 
unfit  for  service.  As  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire  is  equally 
interested  in  the  improvement  of  this  Navigation,  M»  Went- 
vwthhas  declared'  his  readiness  to  cooperate  with  me  in  anjjr 
plan  which  could  made  it  a  ptiblic  benefi't,  and  I  only  waited 
for  youir  LordPS  orders  to  empower  me  to  proceed  in  this  under- 
taking. I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  the  greatest  respect  Mj 
Lord,      .w^ :.  Your  Lordp's  most  obedient  .i^^.;  5 

..    .u'l  tsw,K>4     _  and  humble  Servant, 

H.  Moots/  ' 


if 


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«14 


OMTBOTBBST  BCtnOTlKO  THX 


fev- 


'!         I 


'(CLERGY  OF  CONNECTICUT  TO  S»  WM.  JOHNSON,  BART. 

'  •BOOMMSIfDINO  PABTRIDGE  THATCHEb,  ESQ.)  AS  FIRST  GOYERMOH 

or  THE  N.  U.  0RAMT8. 

,;  New-Hayen  14  Sep'  1769 

lf«7  it  please  yonr  Excellency         • 

^.  Wliereas  it  has  been  expected,  that  the  Lands  to  the  Westward 
Jift  Connecticut  River,  which  were  granted  by  Benning  Went- 
worth  Esquire  late  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  (in  which  the 
Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel  &<:>  have  considerable  Inte- 
rest) would  be  erected  into  a  new  Government  and  considerable 
Interest  has  been  made  in  Favour  of  Partridge  Tliatcher  Esq' 
the  Bearer  hereof,  that  he  might  be  made  the  first  Governor 
Ifaereof,  and  Application  being  made  to  this  Convention  in  Mny 
last,  to  interest  themselves,  in  this  Gentleman^s  Favour,  we 
pcnowing  his  Worth,  and  firm  Attachment  to  the  present  Esta- 
blishment both  in  Church  and  State)  did  then  write  to  the  Societj 
requesting  their  Interest  with  Administration  in  his  Favour, 
should  said  Lands  be  erected  into  a  Government. 

We  now  therefore  ask  your  Interest  to  promote  said  Design 
diould  you  in  your  Wisdom  think  proper.  We  are, 
May  it  please  your  Excellency 

Tour  Excellency's  most  obedient 
And  most  humble  Servants 

J  Ebenezer  Dibblee        Richard  Manshelc 

Christopher  Newtos 
James  Scovil 
Samuel  Andrews 
Bela  Hubbard 
John  Tyler 
Solomon  Palmer. 

To  His  Excellency. 

Sir  Winiam  Johnson  Eat* 


V 


Missionaries  tol 
•he  honorable  So-\  J''^^^"  ^^*'«°'» 
dety  for  the  Pro- J  Ebenezer  Kneeland 

pagation   of    the'^  ^'^«^*"  ^^^*"" 

Gospel  in  foreign 

Parts. 


NEW  BAMP8HIBE  GRAHTS. 


PROCLAMATION 


ei5 


or  TIIK  GOVERNMENT  OF  NEW-YORK,  FOB  SEIZING  JAMES  DRAKEN- 
BIDGE,  AND  OTHERS,  FOR  RIOTOUSLY  OBSTRUCTING  THE  PARTITION 
OF  WALLUMSCHACK  PATENT. 


By  the  Honourable  Cadwallader  Colden, 
Esquire,  liis  Majesty's  Lieutenant-Govern- 
or, and  Commander  in  Chief  of  the 
Province  of  New  York,  and  the  Territo- 
ries depending  thereon,  in  America, 


A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas,  in  Pursuance  of  an  Act  of  the  Legislature  of  this 
Province,  entitled,  "An  Act  for  the  more  effectual  collecting  his 
Majesty's  Quit-Rents  in  the  Colony  of  New  York,  and  for  Parti- 
tion of  Lands  in  order  tliereto,"  Commissioners  and  a  Surveyor 
were  lately  appointed  to  make  Partition  of  certain  Lots,  Parcel 
of  a  larger  Tract  of  Land,  situate  on  the  East  Side  of  Hudson's 
River,  in  the  County  of  Albany,  called  Wallumschack,  granted 
to  James  De  Lancey,  Geraidus  Stuyvesandt,  Esquires,  and 
others,  by  Letters  Patent  under  the  Great  Seal  of  tlie  said 
Province,  bearing  Date  the  fifteentli  Day  of  July,  One  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  thirty-nine ;  and  the  said  Commissioners,  in 
the  Execution  of  tlieir  Duty,  being  employed  in  surveying  the 
said  Lots  of  Land,  were,  on  tlie  nineteenth  Day  of  October  last 
past,  interrupted  and  opposed  by  a  Number  of  armed  Men, 
tumultuously  and  riotously  assembled,  lor  the  declared  Purpose 
of  preventing  the  said  Partition,  who,  liy  open  Force,  compelled 
the  Commissioners  Surveyor,  to  desist  from  the  said  Survey,  and 
by  Insults  and  Menaces,  so  intimidated  the  said  Commissioners, 
that  apprehensive  for  the  Safety  of  their  Persons,  they  found  ii 
necessary  to  relinquish  any  furtlier  Attempt  to  perlbrm  thfr- 
Trust  so  reposed  in  them,  by  which  violent  and  disorderly  Pro- 
ceedings, the  said  Riotei-s,  in  Contempt  of  the  Law,  and  ia 
Defiance  of  the  Autliority  of  this  Government,  have  not  oalj 


.  * 


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*    I"'  -m 

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f»^ 


CONTfQViiB^V   ^itWIvf^fXOV  THE 


i^-.» 


broken  the  King's  Peace,  and  set  a  dangerous  Example  toothers 
but  luive  defeated  the  Opejratlon  of  the  said  Act,  in  the  Division 
()(  the  liaud  aforesaid  :  And  it  appearing  by  sufficient  Evidence 
tbat   Jtuites  BracUemidge,    Jedediah  Due,  Samuel   Robinson, 
Nathaniel  Ilorncr,  Henry  Walbridge,  and  Moses  Robinson,  all  of 
the  said  County  of  Albany,  Yeomen,  were  among  the  principal 
Authors  of  and  Actors  in  the  said  Riot  and  Breach  of  the  Peace: 
Ipi  Ordetr,  theifeifore,  to  bring  the  said  offenders  to  ooudign  Punish- 
ii^ent,  and  that  others  warned  by  jheir  Example,  may  be  deterred 
from  the  Commission  of  such  dangerous  Practices  for  the  Futme 
I  I^ve  thought  fit,  by  and  witli  the  Advice  of  liis  Majestv's 
Council  to  issue  this  Proclamation)  hereby  strictly  commanding  and 
requiring  theSheriflf  of  the  City  and  County  of  ^bany,  to  appre- 
hend and  take  all,  and   every  the  before-named  Rioters  and 
Offenders,  and  them  to  commit  to.safe  and  secure  Custody  to  answer 
fpx  ih^it  several  Offences,  and  to  be  dealt  with  according  to  Law : 
4^nd  for  that  Purpose  if  it  shall  be  necessary,  to  raise  and  take 
tp  his  Assistance  the  Posse  Comitatus,  or  whole  Power  of  the 
County  :    And  all  Magistrates  OiBcers,  and  Ministers  of  Justice 
^e  hereby  enjoined  and  required  to  give  tlieir  Aid  and  Assist- 
9i)c«,  nor  oaly  in  apprehending  the  said  several  Offenders,  and 
(pommitting  them  to  safe  Custody  ;  but  in  preventing  and  sup- 
pressing all  future  Riots  and  Dis^orders,  of  the  like  dangerous 
fluency. 

f  Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms,  at  Port  George,  in 
^  City  of  New-York,  the  twelfth  Day  of  December,  1769,  and 
in  tlie  tenth  Year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord  George 
t^e  Third,  by  tlie  Grace  of  God,  of  Great  Britain,  France  and 
Ireland,  King,  Defender  of  the  Faith,  and  so  forth. 

Cadwalladeb  Colden. 
By  Uls,  Honor's  Command, 

G\v.  Banyar,  D.  Secry. 

QoD  SAV  E  TUG  KiKO. 

h:        ■  ■         ' 


sr*«s 


ll  1 


,-;*!?. 


-^n'l  t'-i^h 


l^EW  HAMPSHIRB  ORANTt. 


617 


.-.  -f  ■ 


jiFFIDAVITS  OF  MBSSRS.  BRACKENRID6E  AND  ROBINSON. 

On  tlie  Nineteenth  Day  of  October  A.  D.  17(>0.  Leu*  James 
Breakenridge  went  with  his  hii^  men  To  his  Field  and  Some 
others  to  gathering  corn  and  Some  more  People  asembled  a  lew 
of  whitoli  had  guns :  &  John  Munro  Esq*  Come  their  k  in  h 
friendly  manner  told  him  the  S*iBreakinridgethe  Gentlemen  from 
Albany  were  a  coming  to  Run  a  Line  their  and  Told  him  not  to 
Stop  them  By  Force  if  he  Did  he  would  Expose  him  Selth  to 
the  iftw  and  Be^d  the  Law  To  him  uponwhitoh  said  Breakin- 
ridge  Desired  the  people  to  go  liome  or  witli  Draw  out  of  his 
Field  as  lie  Ssith :  for  the  Gentlemen  from  Albany  were  then 
vithin  about  Eighty  Rods  a  Running  their  Line  into  8^  field 
Instantly  Sam"  Robinson  Returned  from  Albany  with  advice 
ifon^I' Silvester  the  King  Atonrney  and  a  Notter  gentleman 
cl  Note  wliitch  Breaktnridge  and  Robinson  again  Desired  the 
people  to  withDraw  and  if  they  w:ould  not  we  would  go  home 
up(Hi  whitch  the  people  withDrew  Some  Distance  :  Said  Break- 
ioii^e  and  Robinson  went  to  the  Surveyor  and  Chaiuraan  after 
they  had  come  into  the  field  over  the  Twenty  mile  Line  so  called : 
and  ask  them  By  what  authority  tlwy  Run  in  our  Possessions 
iind  Desired  them  Not  to  Run  :  they  Told  us  w^e  must  ask  the 
eoiaiDissioner&  whitch  Me  Desi^  they  would  call  them  tha 
Surveyor  Spoke  to  them  and  Sed  he  was  Stopt  M**  Bleeker  made 
inswerhave  they  Broke  your  chain,  they  Sed  No  he  answered 
Run  then  tlien  we  Desired  he  would  Let  them  Stop  ^rhich  was 
Done  for  we  wanted  Some  Talk  together  and  they  came  to  us 
Namely  John  R.  Bleeker  Peter  Langsing  Eisq'  and  Tlioraas  hun 
Commissioners :  and  after  compliments  M'.  Lansing  Saith 
Robinson  I  am  glad  to  see  you  But  what  means  so  many  People 
together  and  some  with  arras  our  People  Being  in  Sight  about 
Sixty  Rods  off  we  told  them  we  could  not  tell  we  had  no  connec- 
tion with  their  Being  together  and  had  Desired  them  to  withDraw 
out  of  the  field  :  and  hoped  they  would  not  take  any  adv.antage  : 
for  our  People  Did  Not  understand  Law  M'  Lansing  Seith  wo 
\itK  afraid  your  People  would  Rush  oB  us;  and  Do  us  some 
nuschief :  we  Told  them  they  woidd  Not  and  we  Two  had  come. 


a     "^ 


I- . 


.'1  T, 


\    M 


•'!•.•.; 


!       i:Jl 


018 


OOHTROVERSY  REBfECTIKG  TIIK 


■'  ■■■ 

[t 


?l*  : 


c«' 


In  a  friendly  manner  To  see  By  what  authority  they  Run  in  our 
Possession  and  claim  :  they  say  they  will  not  Take  any  advantago 
against  us  upon  their  words  and  say  if  we  will  go  with  them  to 
M'  Perces  where  their  things  was  they  would  sliow  us  ;  accord- 
ingly we  went,  they  shew  us  an  act  of  the  Assembly  to  Divide 
their  Great  Pattens  so  that  his  Majesty  might  have  his  Quit-rent : 
and  an  act  of  the  Pattentees  of  the  wallumsack  grant  who  had 
apointed  them  to  make  Partition  of  said  Grant  to  Each  Grantee 
we  told  them  there  Grant  lay  within  the  County  of  Albany  and 
they  were  out  of  said  County  inlringing  on  our  Grants  made  By 
New  Hampshire  and  we  understood  his  M«j,esty  had  forbide 
them  making  any  Grants  on  ours  or  hindering  our  Settlement : 
they  say  we  are  forbide  Making  any  Grants  and  stop  :  we  Told 
them  we  did  Not  see  as  they  had  any  Right  To  Run  over  the 
Twenty  mile  Line  Breakinrldge  Desired  they  would  Not  Bun  iu 
his  Possession  and  Told  them  we  ware  appointed  as  Committtt 
for  Bennington  and  were  Large  Proprietors  of  Shaftsbury  mh 
therefore  as  such  Did  forbide  tl^ere  Running  for  we  held  cur 
Lands  By  our  New  Hampshire  Charters  and  had  it  in  Possession 
and  Supposed  a  good  Right  to  it ;  and  if  they  Run  they  must 
Run  it  as  Disputed  Lands  they  answered  tlien  Stop  us  or  Break 
our  chain :  we  Told  them  we  would  not  Take  any  unlawful 
methods  But  told  them  If  they  would  not  stop  1  »7  what  we  had 
Sed  they  must  Run  it  as  Disputed  Land  and  Ave  would  go  home 
about  our  Bussines  so  parted :  after  we  had  got  Some  Distance 
they  called  us  Back  and  ask  us  if  our  People  Intended  to  stop 
them  they  would  Be  glad  they  would  do  it,  then  to  which  we 
answered  we  Did  Not  think  they  would  stop  them  But  Did  Not 
No  :  for  we  Did  Not  intend  to  Break  any  Law  or  Expose  our 
selves  :  they  say  we  had  Beter  stop  tliem  if  we  intended  to  we 
Returned  the  answer  as  Before  we  would  not :  unless  they  would 
Tell  us  what  way  we  could  without  Breaking  any  I^w  for  we 
had  not  breaken  any  Law  Nor  Did  Not  Intend  to :  they  say  we  had 
not  nor  they  would  not  Take  any  advantage  against  ns  But 
Desired  we  would  go  to  our  People  to  No  if  they  intended  to 
stop  them  we  told  them  we  would  go  on  their  Desire  if  they 
would  wait  half  an  hour  to  which  they  agreed  we  went  and  Told 
the  People  tfie  Gentlemen  Requist  we  Told  them  what  ue  had 


pf    I' 


KKW  HAMPSHIRE  GRAMTl. 


619 


done  and  advise  by  no  means  to  stop  them  to  wbitch  they  agreed 

If  we  would  Take  Two  or  three  as  Evidences  and  desire  them 

Kot  to  Run  only  as  Disputed  Lands  then  went  Baclc  and  met 

them  in  tlie  field  and  Returned  the  answer  as  above  they  Told 

u8  then  Break  our  chain  or  compass  or  Tread  on  our  Chain  to 

ffbitch  we  answereil  we  should  not  Tread  on  their  chain  Nor 

Break  it  or  compass  Nor  Meddle  with  tlieir  Persons  but  give 

them  the  honnour'that  Belonged  to  their  charracters  so  Bide  them 

farewell  they  shook  hands  and  God  Bless  us  wish  us  well  and 

^e  Immediately  Returned  to  our  liouses  and  Left  them  on  the 

spot  and  Bleve  all  our  People  Did  so  Return  ^Vith  is  the  whole 

Truth  we  No. 

James  Breakenridgk   ;^ 

Samll  Robinson.  (^ 

province  of  New  )  February  14i>»  1770.  The  afores«)  James 
Hampshire  ^  )  Breal^enridge  &  Samuel  Robinson  person- 
ally appeared  &  made  Solemn  oath  that  the  foregoing  Deposition 
or  Narative  by  them  Subscribed  is  the  truth  tlie  whole  truth  & 
nothing  but  tlie  truth.  • 

Before  me  Samuel  Livermore,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 


LT.  GOV.  COLDEN  TO  LORD  HILLSBOROUGH.  ^ 

.  i    , 

[Lond.  Doot  ZLII.]  i,  0 

New  York,  4  January  1770.  i 
My  Lord, 

His  Majestys  order  in  Council  of  the  24*»«  July  1767  restrains 
me  from  granting  tlie  letters  Patent  prayed  for  by  the  inclosed 
Petition.  I  am  weU  assured  that  the  facts  are  as  set  forth  by 
tbe  Petitioners,  and  whatever  equitable  claim  those  persons  may 
have  who  took  grants  of  Lands  from  the  Govern*  of  New 
Hampshire,  lying  Eastward  of  any  lauds  granted  by  this  Pro- 
vince certainly  cannot  extend  to  such  as  did  lately  obtain  grants 
from  that  Govern*  of  Lands  lying  nearer  Hudsons  River  than 
lands  do,  which  were  granted  under  this  Prov«*  upwaids  of 


K:%f  . 


CONTmrVRRSY   REBraCTINO  THE 

witty  years  ago,  mpcoiaDy  when  It  is  considered  that  they  paned 
•vci*  a  large  extent  of  Lnnd,  much  nearer  to  Conuectlcut  River 
to  come  to  those  Lands  whlob  lye  within  the  antient  possessiom 
of  tlie  Prov''*  Timt  some  of  them  even  seated  themselves  on 
Lands  which  the  Settlers  under  this  Prov«<^  Iiad  been  obliged  to 
abandon  at  the  commencement  of  the  late  War — and  that  they 
obtained  Grants  from  the  Govern^  of  N.  Hampshire  for  any  of 
these  Lands,  without  paying  the  least  regard  fo  the  prior  Graots 
'  and  notorious  claim  of  this  Province. 

The  Petitioners  hare  been  at  Considerable  expense  in  explor- 
'  lug  and  surveying  tlwse  lands,  and  have  hitherto  been  prevented 
from  receiving  the  benefit  of  His  Maj"'*  bounty.  I  therefore 
thought  it  necessary,  My  Lord,  to  comply  with  their  desire  that 
I  should  transmit  their  Petition  to  your  Lordp  in  order  to  obtain 
His  Maj'y*  Commands  tliereon. 

I  find.  My  Lord,  that  the  Settlement  and  Cultivation  of  the 
Country  lying  West  of  Connecticut  River,  which  was  formerly 
granted  by  the  Govern*  of  New  Hampshire  Is  entirely  retaided 
by  tlie  Controversies  which  have  arisen  between  those  Proprie- 
tors and  this  Government.  When  I  formerly  held  tlie  Adminis- 
tration, I  had  resolved  on  measures  respecting  these  Lands 
wliich  I  was  then  assured  would  give  entire  satisfaction  to  these 
people  &  would  produce  the  immediate  settlement  of  the 
Country,  and  a  very  considerable  augmentation  of  His  Majestjs 
Quit- Rents. 

I  found  the  people  who  had  taken  grants  of  Lands  from  tlie 
Govern*  of  N:  Hampshire  west  of  Connecticut  River,  very 
willing  to  taJcC'  new  Gi'ants  for  the  same  lands  fi-oni  this  Govern'; 
the  expence  of  taking  out  the  Patents  being  tlie  only  objection. 
Tb  obviate  tids,  I  told  as  many  as  then  applied  to  me,  that  I 
Would  give  them  Grants  and  leave  it  to  tliemselves  to  pay  me 
inch  proportion  of  my  fees  as  they  could  conveniently  do,  and 
that  I  wouM  use  my  influence  with  the  other  officers  of  Govern' 
lo  tower  their  fees  in  these  Cases.  This  was  so  agreable  to  the 
people  that  the  Proprietors  of  several  Townships  immediately 
pvoee«de<l  to  take  the  necessary  steps,  for  obtahiing  ihe  new 
OMnfe^',  but  I  ^vas  prevented  from  puting  the  Seal  to  any  of  thera 
ly  tlie"  arrival  of  Sir  Henry  Rfoore.    He  afterwards  took  liis  ftdl 


HBW   HAMPSHIRE  OIUMTI. 


eti 


fees  fur  one  of  those  Grants  which  had  been  very  near  ready  for 
the  Seals  before  ho  came;  and  I  aiu  told  he  refused  to  puss  any 
Ttithout  his  full  Foes  were  puid.  This  gave  great  disgust  to  tha 
people,  and  occasioned  those  appUcationt  wliioU  have  since  been 
oytdfl  to  the  King  on  this  suhjeot. 

I  think  it  my  duty  to  suhuiit  my  sentiments  on  this  matter 
to  your  Lordp  as  I  am  still  >(  opinion  tlMt  New  Grants  given  by 
tbig  Govern*  to  tliose  people  wlvo  liave  an  equitable  preteaoe  by 
their  former  Gr^mts  irom  New  Hampsliirei  under  such  fees  of 
office  as  shall  be  no  ways  distressing,  will  be  the  shortest  and 
most  eifectual  method  to  do  justice  and  give  satisfaction  to  tlia 
proprietors.  That  it  will  immediately  produce  the  settlement 
of  that  large  and  valuable  Tract  of  Country,  and  greatly  increase 
His  M^estys  Revenue.  The  difficulties  which  have  obstructed 
the  grants  of  those  lands  for  some  years  past  being  removed| 
will  most  effectually  promote  the  grant  of  that  Tract  of  Land, 
designed  as  I  am  informed  for  the  Society  fitr  propagating  th« 
Gospel,  and  of  other  Tracts  which  the  Trustees  of  the  College 
and  Church  in  this  City  have  petitioned  for. 

These  matters  are  mentioned  my  Lord  with  entire  submission 
to  your  judgment  and  His  Maj'y*  pleasure  by,  My  Lord 
Your  Lordp's  most  obedient 

n^d  faithful  servant, 

Cadwalladea  Colden. 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  LT.  GOV.  COLDEN. 

Portsmouth  New  Hampshire  :  10  Febr  1T75 


,1 


1 


Sir 
I  have  had  the  honor  to  receive  your  Letters  of  the  S*"  and 

20^  December  last. 

Inclosed  are  Depositons,  which  I  beg  Leave  to  present,  rela- 
tive to  M' Wells  Conduct.  They  are  too  plain  and  evident  to 
leave  a  doubt  of  his  having  attempted  to  injure  the  King's  Ser- 
Tic«,  and  to  fmstrate  the  Laws  for  preservation  of  pine  Timber : 
bis  Subsequent  assiduity  to  the  like  evil  purpose  is  not  leal 


'i 


,  i 


'..;l 


IP 


622 


GOKTROYERSY   &ESPECTINO  THE 


m  '%■'  ■ 


ip^,-'. 


ill- 


Strange  tlian  unworthy — for  a  Judge  to  receive  an  alienation  & 
take  possession  of  the  Effects  of  persons  under  criminal  prose- 
cutions at  the  Kings  Suit,  while  the  suit  was  yet  pendiog 
whereby  great  cost  is  tlirown  on  the  public,  altlio  said  Persons 
were  legally  and  most  indisputably  convicted — is  an  Event  so 
singular  and  so  totally  destructive  of  the  effectual  Administration 
of  the  Laws,  that  it  can  Scarcely  be  parralleled,  altho'  the  Return 
n^ade  by  the  Marshall  of  the  Court  on  the  Execution  now  in  tlie 
C!oiu:t  at  Hew  York  particularly  specifys  it  of  Mr.  Wells.  It  is 
hence  unnecessary  to  add  any  further  Instance  of  prejudices 
excited  against  these  Laws,  as  injuring  the  property  of  Land* 
holders  in  general — or. of  "Spightful"  prosecutions— Those 
Calumnies,  the  first  will  be  despised  when  duly  considered,  the 
second,  my  conduct  does  and  shall  refute  :  but  attempting  to 
mislead  an  officer,  countenancing  open,  daring  Trespassers,  & 
aiding,  in  throwing  the  cliarge  of  their  prosecution,  on  the  Crown  • 
are  so  lieinous  in  any  Subject,  but  in  a  Judge  so  highly  ruinous 
and  dishonourable  to  the  Service ;  Tliat  I  think  it  my  Duty  to 
the  King,  herein  again  to  assure  you,  that  every  public  Mischief 
must  result,  to  the  Department  of  Surveyor  of  Woods,  if  Mr. 
Wells  cloatli'd  with  the  power  and  Influence  of  Magistracy,  may 
still  be  an  Example  of  counteracting  &  frustrating  such  usefid 
and  essential  Laws,  w^  Impunity. 

At  the  time  tliat  I  am  thus  compelled  to  complain  of  the 
only  opposition  I  have  ever  rec<i  in  executing  the  Laws  :  I  must 
beg  you  will  permit  me  the  greatest  pleasure  in'doing  Justice,  in 
my  acknowledgments  of  the  just,  legal,  and  impartial  adminis- 
tration of  tlie  Court  of  vice  Admirality ;  from  whence  I  have 
experienced  the  most  candid  and  disinterested  conduct.  Sup- 
ported by  Abilities  that  are  an  honor  to  a  Court,  and  the  highest 
Blessing  to  a  Country. 

Toward  tlie  just  and  effectual  prosecution  of  these  Trespassers, 
it  is  my  Duiy  herewith  to  transmit  to  your  Honour  &  the  Coun- 
cil, a  Memorial  praying  that  the  Lands,  where  the  Trespass  was 
commit' 3d  (being  then  the  property  of  the  Delinquents)  may  be 
escheated'  to  the  King;  according  to  the  Express  Tenor  of  that 
Grant  by  wliich  they  held— I  presume  that  upon  tlie  Overt  Act, 
the  premises  revested  in.  the  Crown,  and  that  all  Subsequent 


NEV/   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


198 


Conveyances  are  futile;  therefore  1  doubt  not  but  that  the  Memo- 
rial will  be  effectually  &  early  considered. 

I  very  sincerely  join  with  you  in  regretting  the  unhappy  state 
of  that  District  under  your  Government  as  communicated  to  me, 
iu  your  Letter  of  the  20^*>  December;  and  will  with  the  greatest 
pleasiire  &  most  immediate  readiness  exert  every  Influence  of 
mine,  that  can  possibly  avail  the  King's  service,  or  tend  to  pro- 
mote a  peaceable  and  wise  subordination  to  the  Laws  among  any 
of  his  subjects— I  shall  tlierefore  assiduously  embrace  any  useful 
Opportunity,  to  this  purpose;  Altho'from  my  total  unacquainted- 
ness  of  the  Circumstances,  that  have  attended  this  matter  I  dare 
not  flatter  myself  with  any  prospect  of  much  success  in  it,  more 
egpecialy  as  people  so  fsr  exasperated  &  deluded  as  to  resist 
the  due  Execution  of  the  Laws,  are  seldom  capable  of  being  per? 
8waded  or  reason'd  into  submission,  unless  proceeding  from  an 
Authority,  that  may  strengthen  and  enforce  attention — Whatever 
may  be  the  ostensible  Claim  of  these  people — They  cannot  have 
the  least  possible  pretenee  to  or  hope  of  any  Countenance  or 
Favour  from  tlie  Province  of  New  Hampshire  in  any  riotous  & 
illegal  Conduct  which  is  so  effectually  detested  here,  that  I  have 
not  known  the  lest  Contumacy  take  place,  since  my  Residence 
in  the  Province — ^whence  it  can  not  but  be  expected  that  our 
pablic  &  private  disaprobation  will  render  vain,  &  confound  ev'ry 
unlawful  View  from  hence — my  particular  Testimony  against 
all  Violence  k  riotous  disobedience  is  so  fully  known  within  the 
limits  of  my  duly — that  I  am  at  a  loss,  by  what  means  it  can  be 
more  publickly  testify'd — Aided  by  y«  prudent  Dispositions  of 
this  province  it  has  hitherto  been  effectually  recogniz'd  here, 
and  I  truely  wish  it  may  be  as  usefully  adopted  whenever  it  is 
wanting. 

Permit  me,  thierefore  to  assure  yon,  that  I  shall  chearfully 
embrace  &  zealously  pursue  every  measure  for  the  King's  service 
and  that  I  cannot  be  more  obliged  than  in  y6ur  suggesting  to 
me,  expressly;  any  efiBcient  aid  that  may  be  in  my  power  there- 
in-I  have  the  Honor  to  be  very  respectfully 

Sir  your  most  humble  Serv* 

J.  WKNTtVORTH. 


':-  vr- 


r  ".¥ 


^- 


.■f.i 


I 

I*' 


UA 


[' « 


624 


CONTEOVEEST  RESPECTING  THE 


P:  S:  Since  the  foregoiDg  was  wrote.  Two  men;  from  the 
Country  referred  to  in  your  Letter,  very  unexpectedly  arrived 
here:  Upon  enquiry  of  tliem,  they  have  given  me  the  inclosed 
attested  narrative,  written  by  themselves. 

I  am  yours  as  before  &« 

J.  Wemtworth. 


rf,^- 


I      J 


bA-*  !  f-,  ••'•6 


J  .. 


'' .  MEMORIAL  OF  GOV.  WENTWORTH. 

^  To  the  Honorable  Cadwallader  Colden  Lieuten*  iioverfior  end 
Commander  in  Chief  of  His  Majesty's  Province  of  New  York. 
And  to  the  Honorable  His  Mfu^ty's  Council  for  said  fvh 
vince&c&c&o 

The  Memorial  of  John  Wentworth  £squire 

Sheweth 

That  your  Memorialist  being  by  His  M^jestys  Commission 
Surveyor  General  of  His  Majesty's  Woods  in  all  and  singular  Hu 
M^U^sty's  Colonies  &  Plantations  in  North  America;  did  in  virtue 
of,  and  obedience  to  his  said  Commission,  discover  William 
Deane,  Will™  Deane  jun'  &  Willard  Deane  Husbandmen  all  of 
Windsor  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  Nev 
York  trespassing  against  His  Majesty  by  cutting  felling  &  destroy- 
ing many  White  pine  Trees  off  from  Lands  in  s<i  Town  of  Wind- 
sor; which  Lands  William  Deane  first  aforesaid  holds  k  possesses 
solely  by  a  Grant  or  Patent  from  the  King  under  the  Seal  of  the 
Province  of  New  Hampshire,  before  his  Majesty's  orders  in 
Council  to  annex  the  District  on  the  Western  Side  of  Connecti- 
cut River  to  the  Province  of  New  York. 

Your  Memorialist  further  sheweth  That  he  prosecuted  tiie 
said  William  Deane  W™  Deane  jun'  &  Willard  Deane  for  the  i^ 
Trespasses  in  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  for  the  Province  of 
New  York,  and  having  by  full,  and  clear  possitive  Evidence, 
supported  his  Complaint  His  Honour  the  Judge  of  Vice  Admi- 
ralty after  a  full  &  open  Trial,  did  solemnly  adjudicate,  and  de- 
cree them  the  said  Will'"  Deane,  William  Deane  jun'  and  Wil- 


e»*SS.Ktei 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   C  ANTS. 


625 


lard  Deane,  to  have  been  guilty  of  cutting  White  pine  Trees  as 
aforesaid;  and  to  have  incurred  the  penal fys  of  the  Statute  in 
that  case  made  and  provided — as  by  the  Decree  of  said  Court 
may  at  large  appear  but  the  Execution  for  said  Penaltys  being 
directed  only  against  the  Goods  &  Chattels  of  the  aforesaid  Tres- 
passers, which  it  appears  were  alienated  (while  the  suit  was  yet 
pending)  to  Samuel  Wells  Esq"^  a  Judge  of  tlie  Court  of  Common 
pleas  in  &  for  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  tlie  Province  afore- 
said, by  the  trespassers  aforesaid,  whereby  the  Recovery  of  the 
penaltys  in  the  Statute  aforesaid  is  evaded,  tho'  legally  adjudi 

cated. 

Wherefore  your  Memorialist  relying  on  your  Honors  ready 
Dispositions  to  afford  all  legal  ajd,  &  assistance  towards  carrying 
the  Laws  into  due,  just  &  effectual  Execution;  begs  leave  to  re- 
present—that by  the  express  Terms  of  y«  Grant  or  patent  of  said 
Lands  under  the  public  seal  of  New  Hampsliire,  the  property 
reverts  to  the  King  with  right  of  re-entry,  upon  cutting  any  pine 
Timber  from  off  the  premises,  without  Licence,  as  by  the  Second 
Article  of  the  Condition  in  the  annexed  Copy  may  more  fully 
appear.  That  therefore  the  said  Lands  upon  committing  the 
Fact  prohibited,  revested  in  the  Crown. 

Wlierefore  your  Memorialist  (being  also  informed  that  the 
said  Lands  have  not  been  granted  under  the  public  seal  of  the 
Province  of  New  York)  prays  that  it  may  be  declared  they  are 
forfeited,  and  such  public  Reservation  of  the  Premises  made  as 
may  to  your  Honors  seem  meet — ^whereby  Your  Memorialist 
apprehends,  that  the  Statute  for  preserving  White  pine  Timber 
to  His  Majesty  will  be  in  some  degree  carried  into  Execution; 
whieli  otherwise  in  this  Instance  may  be  frustrated,  and  tlie 
most  open  convicted,  and  pernicious  Violation  thereof,  which  in 
this  Case  was  perpetrated  in  avowed  Defiance  of  the  Laws,  will 
elude  that  Penalty  of  the  Statute  which  was  wisely  formed,  and 
which  by  the  Experiance  of  neai-ly  half  a  Century  has  in  other 
Provinces  been  found  effectual  to  that  End — But  if  such  insidu- 
ous  Artifice,  which  in  fact  adds  to  their  Criminality,  may  unhap- 
pily cover,  and  Secure  them  from  the  Infliction  due  to  such 
Trespassers,  Offenders  will  exult  in  the  Breach  of  tlie  most  ben- 

ficial  Laws,  and  in  committing  a  National  Lijury  with  Impunity. 
Vol.  IV.  40 


h 


't 


it 


•  I'  :.H 


m 

I^Kmr 

t 

i 

':  1, 

^^^^H*' 

H 

♦  '1' 

■ 

'^^^^^^^^^^E.  »- 

.*'- 

^^^^^^Hi/ ' 

1 

.I'll 

W    - 


"s*.!-:--- 


CONTROVEASY    RESPECTING   THE 


« 


All  which  is  submitted,  and  your  Memorialist  prays  such 

Relief  on  the  premises  as  to  your  Honours  shall  appear  just  aiid 

expedient. 

And  your  Memorialist  shall  ever  pray  &c 

J.  Wentworth, 
New  Hampshire  10*»»  February  1770. 


ml 


AFFIDAVITS. 


.    rf 


t   I 


Pr 


.i 


t*" 


Benjamin  Whiting  Esq'  of  Newbury  in  the  County  of  Albany 
and  Collony  of  New  York  of  full  age  Testifies  and  says  that  on 
the  twenty  eighth  day  of  August  1769  he  Received  several 
Writs  which  had  been  Granted  by  the  Hon»»io  Richard  Maurice 
Esq'  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  for  the  Province  of 
New  York,  against  several  persons  for  Committing  Trespasses  in 
the  King's  Woods  (by  destroying  Wliite  pine  Timber  within  the 
County  of  Cumberland  and  Collony  aforesaid)  the  Deponents 
also  Received  a  deputation  with  full  power  to  Execute  tlie 
before  mentioned  Writs  from  Thomas  Ludlow  Esq'  Provost 
Marshall  of  the  said  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  for  said  Collony 
and  on  the  29'*  day  of  said  August  the  said  Whiting  proceeded 
to  Windsor  in  the  said  County  and  by  virtue  of  two  of  the 
above  mentioned  Writs  which  he  had  against  Williard  Dean  and 
William  Dean  Jun»  he  apprehended  their  bodies  and  the  day 
following  Committed  tliem  to  the  care  and  keeping  of  Benjamin 
Wait  and  James  Rosebrook  who  were  to  conduct  them  to  Hins- 
dale in  said  County  on  their  way  to  New  York,  While  the  depo- 
nent was  gone  to  Execute  his  other  Writs  against  other  Tres- 
passers, and  on  the  second  day  of  September  following  the  depo- 
nent proceeded  to  Brattleborough  in  the  said  County  and  appre- 
hended another  person  for  a  supposed  Trespass  of  the  Like 
kind  iuid  afterwards  the  Deponent,  Called  upon  Samuel  Wells 
Esq""  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Court  of  Common  pleas  and  one 
of  the  Justices  for  said  County  to  Let  liim  know  what  the  depo- 
nent had  done,  and  also  to  Let  him  know  that  the  deponent 
Expected  the  said  Wells'  Friendly  aid  as  a  Magistrate  provided 


T?F' 


,VJ        ''<> 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.      :^ 


627 


there  shotild  be  Occasion  for  it,  as  the  deponent  Imagined  there 
was  Danger  of  the  prisoners  being  Rescued,  the  said  Wells 
Expressed  his  dislike  to  the  proceeding  and  said  they  were 
gpightfuU  or  Malicious  actions  owing  to  Governor  Wentworth's 
being  Disafected  Towards  the  people  on  the  West  side  of  Con- 
necticut River.    The  said  Wells  then  asked  the  depon*  which 
way  he  propos'd  to  go  with  his  prisoners  to  New  York,  the  depo* 
said  he  did  not  know,  but  that  he  should  go  thro'  the  Province 
of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  the  said  Wells  said  he  did  not 
think  the  deponent  had  power  to  hold  tliem  in  tliat  pro- 
vince tlie  depo'  said  he  did  not  know  which  way  he  should 
go,  but  determined  before  he   set  out   to  ask  advice,   The 
said  Wells  in   presence  of  the    prisoners    which  the  depo- 
nent then  had   in   Custody;  asked  the  deponent  which  way 
he  determined  to  proceed  in  order  to  get  the  Evidences  to  New 
York  the  deponent  told  him  that  he  had  a  summons  for  the 
Witnesses  and  a  Ticket  to  deliver  each  Witness  and  proposed  to 
make  tlie  usual  Engagement  to  them  and  if  the  Witnesses  then 
neglected  to  attend  they  would  then  forfeit  one  hundred  pounds 
sterling  mentioned  in  the  said  Ticketts  the  said  Wells  then 
Reply'd  that  the  penalty  mentioned  in  said  Ticketts  could  never 
be  Recovered  of  the  Witnesses  if  they  did  not  attend  agreeable 
to  their  summons  or  Tickett  for  the  penalty  mentioned  in  said 
Tickett  was  only  in  Terrorem  which  word  said  Wells  Explained  to 
tlie  prisoners.    The  deponent  then  proceeded  to  Hinsdale  with 
said  prisoners  Where  l>e  found  John  Grout  an  Attorney  at  Law 
in  the  County  aforesaid  advising  with  the  before  mentioned 
Deans;  said  Grout  desired  to  know  of  the  deponent  which  way 
he  determined  to  Travell  with  the  said  Deans  to  New  York,  said 
Grout  said  he  thought  it  best  to  go  Thro'  the  Province  of  the 
Massachusetts  Bay,  Where  provision  was  made  by  the  Law  of 
that  Province  that  the  deponent  may  Travel  with  his  prisoners 
unmolested  and  in  case  there  should  be  an  attempt  to  Rescue 
the  Prisoners  he  had  a  Right  to  Require  the  people  of  the 
County  to  assist  him,  but  the  deponent  told  said  Grout  that  he 
should  Take  further  advice  before  he  set  out,  and  on  the  monday 
morning  following,  being  the  fourth  day  of  September  1769  said 
Wdls  Came  to  Hinsdale  where  the  deponent  and  the  said  Wil- 


M 


628 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING    THE 


(:• 


■r 

If.-' 
I:- i  •  ■ 


lard  and  William  the  said  prisoners  were  and  after  said  Wells 
having  Opportunity  to  advise  with  said  Willard  and  William 
said  WeJls  came  and  asked  the  deponent  which  way  he  liad 
determined  to  go  to  New  York,  the  Deponent  told  said  Wells 
that  he  had  determined  to  go  across  the  mountains  and  Woods 
to  Albany,  the  said  Wells  then  said  the  deponent  had  better  go 
thro'  the  Massachusetts,  that  he  Imagined  there  could  be  no 
Dilficulty  attending  his  going  Thro'  that  Province,  and  advised 
the  Deponent  to  Go  thro'  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay,  but  the  depo*  the  day  following  set  out  for  Albany  across 
the  woods  with  his  prisoner  and  assistants,  and  on  their  way 
met  said  Samuel  Wells,  who  said  to  tlie  deponent  then  you  are 
Determined  to  go  acros  the  Woods,  the  Deponent  Answered  he 
had,  said  Wells  then  said  he  wished  the  Deponent  had  gone 
thro'  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  for  if  he  had  said 
Wells  said  that  Grout,  meaning  the  before  mentioned  Grout, 
would  have  been  Read}  for  the  deponent  and  his  Assistants  at 
Springfield  or  some  where  along  there.  Who  would  have  arrest- 
ed the  deponent  and  his  assistants  and  Committed  them  to  Goal, 
and  the  prisoners  then  would  have  gone  at  Lai^e  the  said  Wells 
then  said  that  when  he  went  to  Hinsdale,  the  day  before  he  had 
determined  to  send  said  Grout  into  the  Massachusetts,  to  fix 
matters  against  the  deponent  got  there  with  his  prisoners,  that 
the  Deponent  and  his  assistants  might  be  arrested  but  the  said 
Wells  said  when  he  got  to  Hinsdale  he  found  that  said  Grout 
was  gone  into  the  Massachusetts  for  the  last  mentioned  purpose. 
The  Deponent  then  told  said  Wells  that  he  thought  it  was  t]» 
duty  of  a  man  in  his  Station  to  aid  and  assist  an  Officer  in  the 
Execution  of  his  Office  and  not^  Impede  him.    The  same  Day 
the  Deponent  proceeded  to  Marlborough  with  the  said  Willard 
and  William  and  in  the  Night  time,  the  small  Log  house  wliere 
the  Depo*  with  his  jwisoners  Lodged  was  beset  with  a  iarge 
number  of  Riotous  men  from  Brattleborough  and  Ouilford  wlio 
behaved  in  a  Very  hostile  manner  and  swore  they  would  have 
the  prisoners  or  pull  down  tlw  house,  they  Tarried  all  night 
and  Dispersed  the  Next  day  and  Atrther  saith  not 

BfiNJA  WUITINS. 


,'f 


.*,.  «    » 


.      NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRAFTS. 

Province  of  New  Hampshire. 

January  the  first  day  Anno  Domini  1770  Benjamin  Wliltiqg 
Esq*"  the  above  Deponent  appeared  personally  before  me  Ojie  of 
his  Majesty's  Justices  of  tlie  Peace  for  said  Province  and  made 
Solemn  Oatli  that  the  above  Deposition  by  him  subscribed  wvp 
the  Truth  and  Nothing  but  the  Truth. 

Danl  JojcfEs  Jus:  Pac*>, 


City  of  New- York,  ss.  Benjamin  Wait  of  full  age  personally 
eame  and  appeared  before  me  Daniel  Horsraanden  Esq'  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Province  of  New  York  and  being  duly  sworn  o« 
the  holy  Evangelists  deposeth  and  saith  that  he  is  a  Resident  ip 
Windsor  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  CoUony  of  Ne\f 
York  that  on  the  aD""  day  of  August  last  past  One  Certain  Willai4 
Dean  and  one  Gertaine  William  Dean  Jun'  were  taken  intp 
Custody  by  Benjamin  Wliiting  by  virtue  of  process  Issued  out 
of  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  of  New  York  against  the  said 
defendants  for  offences  and  forfeiture  therein  said  to  be  Commidied 
and  Incurred  by  the  said  defendants.  Tliat  tlie  said  Benjamin 
Wliiting  at  the  Request  of  the  said  defendants  who  were  theft 
his  prisoners  Committed  them  tliat  night  to  the  Custody  of  tbf 
deponent.  That  on  the  next  day  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting 
commanded  the  assistance  of  the  depon^  to  t^ke  Cave  of  the  sajd 
prisoners  in  bringing  them  to  the  said  Court  of  Vice  Admiraltjr 
«t  the  City  of  New  York  and  tlie  prisoners  desiring  one  Day  €9 
prepare  for  their  Journey  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  Comniitte<i 
tiieia>  to  the  care  of  the  deponent  and  one  James  Rosebrook  and 
Directed  the  said  Rosebrook  and  the  deponent  to  meet  him  witii 
the  said  prisoners  at  Hinsdale  in  the  said  County  of  Cumberland, 
and  that  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  tlien  went  in  pursuit  of 
other  persons  against  whom  he  had  other  processes.  That  the 
said  Benjamin  Wliiting  left  a  pistol  and  some  ammunition  witl> 
Each  of  them  the  said  Rosebrook  and  the  deponent  for  their 
defence  in  Case  any  Injury  should  be  attempted  Towards  themi 
CD  any  attempt  made  to  Rescue  the  said  prisoners  which  there 
was  great  Reason  to  ftar,    That  on  the  thirty  first  day  of  August 


.!■) 


W 


I*' 


^c< 


*  * 


i,y"'  ■: 


El       ' 


I  r-'. 


9 


^,.;t  ..If'' 


-  ^ 


%.U   ^   ■ 


.1     -       M 


630 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING  THE 


aforesaid  the  said  Rosebrook,the  said  defendants  and  the  deponent 
did  set  out  to  go  to  Hinsdale,  and  in  their  way  to  Hinsdale 
aforesaid,  on  the  first  day  of  September  at  Night  one  Jolm  Grout 
an  attorney  at  Law  in  Cumberland  County  met  them  at  West- 
minster and  that  night  Insisted  that  the  ^aid  Rosebroolc  and  the 
deponent  liad  not  any  Right  to  keep  the  said  prisoners  iu  the 
absence  of  the  said  Whiting  and  tliat  they  liad  not  any  Right  to 
have  or  Carry  Arms  with  them.  Tliat  on  tlie  next  morning  the 
lecond  of  September  before  tlie  Deponent  and  the  said  Rosebrook 
with  the  said  Prisoners  did  set  off  on  their  way  from  Westminister 
to  Hinsdale  the  said  John  Grout  told  the  said  prisoners  not  to  go 
with  the  deponent  and  the  said  Rosebrook  unless  they  Carried 
fhem  by  force  and  told  the  Deponent  that  they  would  have  a 
Right  to  bring  their  Action  against  him,  That  the  said  John 
Grout  also  Insisted  tliat  tiie  said  prisoners  should  not  go  witli  the 
said  Rosebrook  and  the  Deponant  unless  they  would  unload  their 
fire  arms,  or  Draw  tlie  charges  out  of  their  pistols.  That  the 
said  Grout  did  Insist  so  mucli  on  the  Deponent  to  Draw  the 
Gliarges  out  of  the  said  Pistols  and  Tlireatened  him  so  much  that  he 
did  unload  both  the  said  Pistols,  and  that  the  said  Grout  did  then 
Insist  ti<at  ihe  deponent  should  burn  all  the  ammunition  wliich 
he  and  the  said  Rosebrook  had  with  them  which  tlie  deponant 
Refused  and  did  not  comply  with.  That  the  said  prisoners 
Consented  to  go  and  did  go  with  the  deponent  and  the  said 
Rosebrook  to  Hinsdale  where  they  again  found  the  said  Grout 
and  that  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  Came  there  that  Evening 
with  another  person  a  prisoner.  That  the  said  Grout  at  Hinsdale 
Endeavoured  to  persuade  tlie  said  Wliiting  to  go  with  tlie  said 
Prisoners  Through  part  of  the  Massachusetts  &  Connecticut 
Governments  and  told  him  that  the  way  tliro'  the  Colony  of  New 
York  across  the  Mountains  was  very  Difficult  thro'  Mountains 
witliout  a  Road,  and  that  thro'  the  other  Collonies  there  was  a 
Good  Road  and  by  Law  a  provision  made  for  Leave  and 
Authority  for  the  Officers  of  other  Collonies  to  carry  their 
prisoners  thro'  those  Collonies,  That  the  Deponent  Informed  the 
said  Benjamin  Whiting  of  the  before  mentioned  Conduct  of  tlie 
said  Grout  in  his  presence,  and  that  Grout  then  told  tlie  $aid 
Whiting  that  the  Deponent  had  not  any  Right  to  keep  the  said 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


631 


iro'  Mountaius 


prisoners  and  that  he  the  said  Whiting  had  no  Right  to  carry  fire 
arms,  when  he  had  any  prisoner  in  Ills  Custody,  and  that  he 
would  make  liim  know  it.    That  on  the  Third  day  of  Septem' 
the  said  Grout  left  the  Deponant  and  the  prisoners  at  Hinsdale 
where  they  Tarried  all  that  t)ay  being  Sunday.    That  early  the 
next  day  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Court  of 
Common  pleas  for  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  Came  to 
Hinsdale  at  the  Instant  the  said  Benjamin  was  Going  across 
Connecticut  River  to  one  Jones  a  Lawyer  to  ask  council  That 
thfe  said  Wells  took  the  said  prisoners  into  the  Orchard  and  had 
some  conversation  with  them  during  which  time  the  deponent 
stood  before  the  door  of  the  house  where  they  then  Tarried  and 
observed  the  prisoners.  That  the  said  Wells  Returned  to  the  Depo- 
nent and  asked  him  what  way  Mr.  Whiting  Intended  to  go  with  the 
prisoners  and  on  the  Deponents  Informing  him  that  he  Imagined 
thAt  Mr.  Whiting  would  Go  across  the  Woods,  The  said  Wells 
replied  what  would  make  him  go  across  the  woods  you  had  better 
go  Down  the  River  and  then  you  can  go  by  Water  and  have  a  good 
Road  all  the  Way,  Tliat  the  said  Wells  then  asked  the  Deponent 
if  Whiting  had  not  Intended  to  go  down  the  River  when  he  did 
first  set  out,  and  on  the  Deponents  answering  that  he  did  not 
know  Mr.  Whiting  first  intended  to  Take  advice,  The  said  Wells 
said  if  you  had  gone  that  way  I  dare  say  Grout  would  have  been 
Ready  for  you  at  Springfield  or  somewhere  along  there,  and  would 
arrest  you  and  put  you  into  gaol  and  the  prisoners  would  be 
Released.    That  the  deponent  then  told  the  said  Wells  that 
would  not  do  any  good  to  the  prisoners,  it  would  only  create 
costs  and  Trouble,  and  they  would  be  taken  again,  to  which  said 
Wells  Reply'd  they  could  never  be  Taken  again.    That  after  the 
said  Whiting  Returned  the  said  Wells  asked  the  said  Whiting 
in  the  deponents  presence  which  way  he  Intended  to  go,  that 
Whiting  answered  he  believed  he  would  go  across  the  woods, 
upon  Which  tlie  said  Wells  ask'd  him  what  would  make  him  go 
that  way,  and  told  him  that  he  would  never  get  across  the  Woods 
and  had  much  better  go  down  the  River  where  he  could  go  in  a 
Canoe  or  have  a  good  Road  all  the  way.  That  the  said  Wells 
afterwards  told  the  said  Wliiting  that  if  he  had  gone  down  the 
River  lie  dared  to  say  that  Grout  would  have  been  ready  for  him, 


Is  ^  ... ' 


.a: 


!1 


■^■A':  '^ 


',  \ 


'II 


':i 


6da 


CONTROVERSY   AESPECTIXG  THE 


•t 


^'    •     1 


1  ',*■ 


and  Either  said  arrest  or  attach  him,  Tliat  on  Next  duy,  whic]] 
was  the  fifth  day  of  September  the  said  Whiting  witli  the  said 
Willard  Dean  and  William  Deane  Jun'  in  his  Custody,  and  th« 
deponent  and  the  said  Rosebrook  in  his  company  were  met  in 
Bratfleburrough  by  the  said  Wells,  that  the  said  Wells  in  con- 
versation asked  tlie  said  Whiting  whether  he  did  not  Intend  to 
have  gone  down  the  River  when  lie  did  first  set  out,  that  Whiting 
answered  that  he  was  not  at  that  time  Determined  which  way  he 
should  Take  as  he  then  Intended  to  take  advice.  That  the  said 
Wells  then  told  him  that  he  wished  he  had  gone  down  the  River 
as  he  dared  to  say  that  Grout  would  have  been  Ready  for  him 
and  have  arrested  him  and  then  told  Whiting  that  when  he  went 
over  to  Hinsdale  yesterday  morning  he  Intended  to  send  Grout, 
but  found  that  Grout  was  gone  before  he  arrived  there,  That 
the  said  Whiting  then  told  the  suid  Wells  that  he  was  a  pretty 
]>evil  of  a  Judge  to  attempt  to  serve  him  in  that  manner.  That 
he  thought  it  was  his  duty  Rather  to  assist  an  oflScer  with  prison- 
ers tha.i  try  to  lead  him  into  a  snare;  To  which  Wells  answered 
so  it  i3  if  you  had  apply'd  to  me,  but  you  did  not  apply  to  me, 
and  added  that  it  was  but  a  bad  or  a  spiteful  action  and  that 
he  was  Determined  to  assist  the  young  men  all  that  he  could, 
and  Intimated  that  he  should  have  been  very  glad  to  have  them 
set  free.  That  in  the  Night  of  the  said  fifth  Day  of  September 
a  Riotous  Number  of  Men  Came  about  a  small  log  house. 
Where  the  said  Whiting  with  his  prisoners  and  the  deponent 
and  the  said  Rosebrook  Lodged,  and  broke  into  the  Lower  part 
of  the  house  and  threatened  to  pull  it  down  and  Rescue  the  said 
prisoners  with  many  Violent  threats  against  the  Life  of  the  said 
Whiting,  but  that  after  so  much  outrageous  behaviour  in  the 
Night  and  Threats  and  Entreaties  they  were  prevailed  on  to 
depart  in  the  morning. 

Benjamin 'WAiT. 
Sworne  this  fifteenth  day  of  November  1769. 
Before  me 

Danl  Horsmanden. 


,jj 


I'-     ». 


','?' 


•If 


t* 


^Ti' 


•»««  HEW  IIAMPSHIRB   GRANTS. 


633 


Amos  Tute  of  Hinsdale  of  full  age  Testifies  and  says  that  some 
time  In  the  month  of  August  or  September  Anno  Domini  17G9 
The  Deponent  went  to  Brattleborough  with  Benjamin  Wliiting 
Esq'  in  order  to  assist  said  Whiting  in  taking  one  Ebenezer  Fislier 
who  said  Whiting  told  the  Deponent  he  had  a  Writ  against  for 
destroying  the  King's  Timber  and  after  said  Whiting  had  arrested 
said  Fisher  and  was  about  to  carry  him  to  Hinsdale  wliere  said 
Whiting  had  one  Willard  Deane  and  William  Deane  Jun'  in 
Custody  for  the  Like  offence  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  of  Brattlebur- 
rough  one  of  the  Justices  of  tlie  Court  of  Common  pleas  for  the 
County  of  Cumberland  asked  said  Whiting  wliich  way  he  pro- 
posed to  go  to  New  York  witli  tlie  men  he  had  in  Custody,  the 
said  Whiting  said  he  did  not  know  which  way  he  should  go  said 
Wells  told  said  Whiting  he  did  not  know  whether  he  had  a  Right 
to  go  through  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  some  time 
gfterwards  the  deponent  heard  said  Wells  tell  said  Wliiting  llhat 
he  said  Wells  tho't  there  would  be  no  difficulty  in  going  tWo' 
the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  seem'd  to  Encourage 
eaid  Wliiting's  Travelling  thro'  the  Province  aforesaid  with  his 
prisoners,  but  said  Whiting  chose  Rather  to  go  across  the  woods 
&  mountains  to  Albany  and  took  his  Departure  accordingly,  and 

further  saith  not. 

Amos  Tutb.  i 


•■■[.■: 


s      I 


IJAMIN  WAiT. 


Province  of  New  Hampshire. 

December  the  Thirtieth  day  Anno  Domini  17C9.    Amos  Tute 

of  Hinsdale  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  the  Within  deponent 

appeared  personally  before  the  Subscriber  One  of  his  Majesty's 

Justices  of  the  Peace  for  tlie  Province  of  New  Hampshire  being 

first  Cautioned  to  Testify  the  whole  Truth  made  Solemn  Oath 

that  the  written  Deposition  by  him  subscribed  is  the  Truth  an4 

nothing  but  the  Truth. 

Dan'  Jones  Jus:  Pac*«.  ' 

(Endorsed)  Deposition  of  Benjamin  Whiting 

Benjamin  Waite  &  Amos  Tute.    1770  March  '■  i  •  '  " 

14:  Read  in  Council.        '  '^  '         '•'• 


■i-it 


f-1    V-!^.  -)ft-'^'.-      .»  .  -f'.-M.  t    ;>i  o,':T«f 


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''^■ 


'^^ 
*■*■-. 


I 


634 


COltTROTERBY   RESPECTIirO  THE 


t 


ORDER  IN  COUNCIL  FOR  ERECTING  THE  COUNTY  OF 

GLOCESTER. 

At  a  Council  held  at  Fort  George  in  the  City  of  New  Yorlc  on 
Wednesday  the  twenty  piglith  Day  of  February  1770 

Present 

>        The  Hono''!"  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq'  Lieut :  Gov'  &« 
M' Watts  .    M'Sjpith 

M'  DeLancey  M'  Cruger 

Mr  Reade  M'  Wallace 

-•  M' Morris  M' White 

The  Petition  of  the  Proprietors  or  Inhabitants  of  the  Lands  on 
the  West  Side  of  Connecticut  River,  to  the  Number  of  one 
hitndred  and  twenty  Persons  in  the  whole,  was  presented  to  the 
B«rd  and  Read.    Setting  forth,  among  other  things,  tliat  there 
is  a  vast  and  valuable  Country  between  Connectitat  River  and 
Lake  Champlain,  and  extending  from  the  County  of  Cumberland 
on  the  South,  to  the  Latitude  of  forty  five  Degrees  North, 
capable  of  subsisting  many  Inhabitants,  to  the  great  Increase  of 
the  Strength  and  Prosperity  of  the  Empire  in  general,  and  the 
Province  of  New  York  in  particular.    That   the  Establish- 
ment of  the  County  of  Cumberland,  as  it  conduced  to  the 
Maintenance  of  good  Order,  has  greatly  promoted  the  Improve- 
ment of  that  District,  which  is  daily  advancing  and  will  soon 
become  an  important  and  flourishing  County  :  That  such  of  the 
Petitioners  as  live  to  the  Northward  of  Cumberland  are  exposed  to 
Rapine  and  Plunder  from  a  lawless  Banditti  of  Felons  and  Crimi- 
nals who  fly  thither  from  other  Places.  And  that  it  is  impossible 
to  obtain  Justice  while  they  remain  a  part  of  the  County  of  Albany 
as  the  Magistrate  can  have  no  Eye  upon  those  distant  Parts:,  nor 
can  tlie  Petitioners  procure  officers  to  come  thither,  or  they  in 
their  present  state  go  to  them  :  That  there  are  upwards  of  seven 
hundred  souls  to  the  Northward  of  the  County  of  Cumberland, 
and  that  such  is  the  Quality  and  situation  of  the  Land  that  under 
proper  Encouragement,  and  by  the  Help  of  the  Overflowing  of 
the  neighbouring  Colonies  the  whole  Country  may  in  a  few  years 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  ORA^rTS. 


686 


\fi  under  nctnal  Cultivation :  And  therefore  the  Petitioners 
humbly  pray  that  a  new  County  may  be  constituted  to  the 
Northward  of  the  said  County  of  Cumberland. 

On  reading  and  due  consideration  whereof  it  is  ordered  by 
his  Honour  the  Lieutenant  Governor  with  the  advice  and  consent 
of  the  Council  that  his  Majtsty's  Attorney  General  of  tills 
province  do  forthwith  prepare  and  lay  before  his  Honour  the 
Lieutenant  Governor  in  Council  the  Draft  of  an  Ordinance 
Erecting  into  a  separate  County  by  the  Name  of  Glocester,  with 
such  Powers  as  are  necessary  for  the  due  Administration  of 
Justice  within  the  same,  All  that  certain  Tract  or  District  of 
Land  Situate  lying  and  being  to  the  Northward  of  the  County 
of  Cumberland  ;  Beginning  at  the  Northwest  Corner  of  the  said 
County  of  Cumberland  :  and  tlience  running  North  as  tlie  needle 
points  fifty  Miles :  thence  East  to  Connecticut  River  j  thence 
along  the  West  Bank  of  the  same  River  as  it  runs,  to  the  North- 
east corner  of  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  on  the  said  river 
and  thence  along  the  north  bounds  of  the  said  county  of  Cum- 
berland to  tlie  Place  of  Beginning  :  And  that  tlie  Township  of 
Kingsland  be  by  the  said  Ordinance  declared  and  appointed  the 
County  Town. 


!> 


f<^ 


Istant  Parti:,  nor 


OFFICERS  FOR  GLOCESTER  COUNTY. 


•Ml 


List  of  Judges,  Assistant  Justices  and  Justices  of  the  peace  for 

the  County  of  Gloucester  appointed  by  Commission  Dated 

March  1770. 

John  Taplin        ) 
Samuel  Sleeper   V  Judges. 
Tlioraas  Sumner  ) 

Abner  Fowler  i  .  o'; 

Sanmel  Penox  >  Assistant  Justices. 

Israel  Smith,    \  .  .. 

Thomas  Chamberlain 

John  Peters  \  Justices  of  the  peace. 

Jonathaft  Sumner 


i^h 


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636 


CCWTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


DRS.  AUCHMUTY  AND  COOPER  TO  LIEUT.  GOV.  COIDEN. 

New  York  the  19th  of  July  1770 


Sir. 

As  your'  Honor  has  been  so  very  obliging  as  to  desire  Judge 
Sleeper  to  call  upon  us  for  our  approbation,  of  the  Gentlemen 
he  has  named  to  j'ou,  to  be  appointed  Military  Officers  in 
Glocester  County  j  a  Township  of  which  is  granted  by  your 
Honor  to  the  College  in  this  City  j  we  beg  leave  therefore  'to 
inform  your  Honor,  that  besides  Judge  Sleeper's  recommendalion 
we  have  received  a  Letter  from  a  worthy  Clergyman  one  M' 
Peters,  the  present  Missionary  of  Hebron,  who  has  some  thought 
of  removing  to  the  new  Settlement,  recommending  the  followhie 
Gentlemen  to  command  the  Militia ;  viz*  Cap*  John  Peters  to  be 
promoted  to  the  Rank  of  Coll  Cap*  Michael  Lovell  Lieu*  Col' 
and  Lieu*  Henry  Moore  Major;  and  that  the  Captains  &  Subalterns 
officers  be  appointed  agreeable  to  the  Recommendation  of  the 
Field  officers. 

This,  we  humbly  Submit  to  your  Honors  Superior  Judgment- 
&  are  with  the  greatest  respect  &  esteem  ; 

Your  Honors  much  Obliged  '        V' ' 

&  most  Obedient  Servants 

.      .      i,        .    '  Samuel  Auchmuty. 

His  Honor  Lieut*  Gov  Golden.  Myles  Cooper. 

(Here  follows  the  notice  of  their  appointment.  I 


U'  •t.-\tiii' 


PETITION  OF  JOHN  GROUT. 


i.'Vi 


To  the  Honourable  Daniel  Horsmanden  Esquire  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Province  of  New  York 
The  Petition  of  John  Grout  of  the  County  of  Cumberland  in 
tbe  Province  of  New  York  Gentleman. 
Humbly  Sheweth  . 

Tliat  your  Petitioner  is  advised  and  doth  conceive  that  he 
hath  Good  Cause  of  Action  against  David  Stone,  Samuel  Stone, 


** 


perior  Judgment; 


(intment.i 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


637 


jjlsha  Hawley,  Enoch  Judd,  Ebenezer  Curtis,  John  Benjamin, 
Andrew  Norton,  Elnatlion  Strong,  Joseph  Tliompson,  David 
Getchel  and  Steel  Smith,  for  their  assaulting  Detaining  and 
Imprisoning  your  Petitioner  at  the  several  times  and  in  tlie 
manner  set  forth  in  the  annexed  affidavit  and  doth  conceive  it 
necessary  to  briifg  two  Suits  at  Law  against  the  Pereons  above 
named  for  recovery  of  liis  Damages  by  reason  of  the  same. 
And  doth  Intend  to  charge  the  said  Persons  above  named  with 
his  Damage  to  the  amount  of  four  hundred  pounds  in  each  of 
liis  said  actions. 

Your  Petitioner  therefore  humbly  Prays  that  in  Tender  Con- 
sideration of  tlie  Premises  your  Honour  will  Be  pleased  to 
Order  Bail  to  your  Petitioners  Actions  in  the  sum  of  Four  hundred 
pounds  each  or  such  otiier  sum  as  your  Honour  Shall  Judge 

meet.  '   '" 

And  your  Petitioner  shall  pray  &« 

John  Grout. 
Let  process  issue  against  David  Stone,  Samuel  Stone,  Elisha 
Hawley,  Enoch  Judd,  Ebenezer  Curtis,  John  Benjamin,  Andrew 
Norton,  Elnathan  Strong,  Joseph  Thompson,  David  Getchel  and 
Steel  Smith  upon  the  precef  ding  affidavit  and  Petition  with  an 
ac  etiam  for  Two  hundred  pounds  in  each  action. 

Danl  Horsmanden. 
August  y«  9**  1770. 

(Endorsed)    Affidavit  of  John  Grout  &  Pe*  &  order  for  Bail. 

filed  110»  Aug«  1770. 

Brush,  Att". 


jriili'     :'''}i  !  ti   (-•.'.'. 


.:  t 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  JOHN  GROUT.  '     ^ 

■  ••■-■■      •        )■  -•.       '  .■  i ' 

City  of  New  York  ss. 

John  Grout  of  Cliester  in  the  County  of  CumVerland  attorney 
at  Law  practising  in  the  Inferior  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the 
said  County  eame  this  day  before  me  and  made  Oath  Tlmt  some- 
time in  the  month  of  May  last  past  Daniel  Whipple  Esquire  High 
Sheriff  of  the  County  of  Cumberland  came  to  this  Deponents 
House  and  demanded  his  Assistance  as  one  of  a  Posse  he  intend- 


::.^^-.:. 


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638 


coMtboyersy  respecting  the 


!!».    * 


ed  to  raise  in  order  to  Retake  one  Joseph  Wait  and  others  who 
had  escaped  out  of  his  Custody  being  Rescued  by  a  number  of 
armed  men,  That  the  said  Slierifif  Insisting  upon  this  Deponents 
attendance  this  Deponent  accordingly  accompanied  the  said 
Sheri£f  as  one  of  the  Posse  which  amounted  to  abont  15  or  I6 
Persons  to  the  House  of  the  said  Joseph  Wait  and  lie  not  beioi; 
at  Home  and  being  informed  that  he  was  at  the  House  of  fienja. 
min  Wait  the  said  Sheriff  with  the  Posse  Proceeded  towards  the 
said  House  and  had  travelled  but  a  little  distance  before  this  Depo- 
nent discovered  a  Body  of  Men  approaching  in  a  Riotous  manner 
to  the  nuniber  of  about  Forty  Persons  who  were  armmed  with 
Guns,  Swords,  Pistols,  and  Clubs,  among  whom  were  Nathan 
Stone,  Joseph  Wait,  Benjamin  Wait,  and  Samuel  Stone  the  Per- 
sons wliom  the  Sheriff  wanted  to  Retake,  together  with  Peter 
Levins  David  Stone  Benjamin  Thurston,  Samuel  Gridley,  David 
Getchel,  Jacob  Getchel,  Elisha  Hawley,  Ebenezer  Horsington 
Ebenezer  Horsington  Juni",  Simeon  Mills,  Enoch  Judd,  Ebenezer 
Curtis,  Solomon  Emmons,  John  Benjamin,  Andrew  Norton,  Jona 
than  Noble,  John  White,  Samuel  Whiston,  Elnathan  Strong 
Josepli  Thompson,  Joseph  King,  Steel  Smith  and  Aaron  Bartlet 
since  Deceased,  that  the  said  Nathan  Stone  marched  before  the 
persons  so  assembled  in  a  Riotous  manner  ai'med  with  a  Sword 
that  the  said  Sheriff  in  the  Hearing  of  the  Persons  so  riotously 
assembled  made  Proclamation  aloud  in  form  of  Law  for  them  to 
Disperse,  but  without  Effect  soon  after  which  the  said  Joseph 
Wait  and  some  others  of  the  Rioters  Rushed  upon  the  Sheriff  & 
his  Posse  that  the  said  Joseph  Wait  being  armed  with  a  Pistol 
in  his  left  hand,  and  a  Club  in  his  right  Hand  Struck  at  this 
Deponent  twice  with  the  Club  wliich  tills  Deponent  avoided  by 
suddenly  retreating  whereupon  the  said  Joseph  Wait  levelled  his 
Pistol  at  tliis  Deponent,  by  which  this  deponent  was  put  in  fear 
and  Dread  of  his  Life,  That  the  other  Rioters  thereupon  in  Gene 
ral  iell  upon  th6  said  Sheriff  and  his  Posse  which  they  soon  over- 
powered, and  forceably  and  Violently  Seized  this  Deponent  and 
others  of  the  said  Posse,  and  Carried  them  to  tlie  House  of  the 
said  Joseph  Wa;t  where  the  Sheriff  was  informed  by  the  said 
Rioters  that  oiiC  at  least  of  his  said  Posse  so  taken  they  would 
hold  Prisoners  until  he  the  said  Sheriff,  this  Deponent  and  some 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


639 


others  should  enter  into  Bond  for  Five  hundred  Pound  accord- 
ing to  the  best  of  this  Deponents  Remembrance  and  Belief  to  be 
forfeited  if  the  matters  for  which  the  said  Sheriff  was  then 
attempting  to  take  them  were  any  further  prosecuted,  or  if  any 
of  the  Inhabitants  of  Windsor  sliouiji  be  prosecuted  at  the  then 
next  General  Sessions  for  any  Crimes  whatsoever,  And  further 
that  the  said  Sheriff  should  Engage  to  make  Return  upon  the 
Process  against  the  said  Nathan  Stone,  Joseph  Wait,  Benjamin 
Wait  and  Samuel  Stone,  that  they  could  not  be  found  in  his  Baili- 
wick—That after  detaining  this  Deponent  a  Prisoner  in  the  said 
House  for  upwards  of  Seven  Hours  the  said  Sheriff  &  this  Depo- 
nent with  the  rest  of  the  Prosse  were  set  at  Liberty  and  Suffered 
to  Depart,  And  this  Deponent  further  Deposeth  that  on  the  fifth 
day  of  June  last  while  this  Deponent  was  attending  the  Inferior 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the  said  County  in  the  Business  of 
his  Profession  at  the  Township  of  Chester  in  the  said  County 
one  Benjamin  Thurston  and  one  David  Getchel  seized  this  Depo- 
nent then  ir  *'  .  House  of  John  Chandler  Esq'  Clerk  of  the  Peace 
for  the  saiti  l',      tv  and  forceably  and  Violently  Carried  him 
away  from  tnt  »"^  ^  were  soon  after  joined  by  David  Stone,  Eli- 
sha  Hawley,  Enoch  Judd,  Ebenezer  Curtis,  Andrew  Norton, 
Elnathdn  Strong,  Joseph  Thompson  Steel  Smith,  Nathan  Stone, 
Joseph  Walt  Benjamin  Wait,  Samuel  Gridley  Jacob  Getchel  Ebe- 
nezer Horsington,  Simeon  Mills,  Solomon  Emmons  Jonathan 
Noble,  Samuel  Whiston,  Joseph  King,  Ebenezer  Heywood,  Aron 
Bartlett  since  Deceas'd  and  some  others  to  the  number  of  near 
Thirty  Persons  who  were  armed  with  sticks  &  who  surrounded 
this  Deponent  and  after  pulling,  shaking  and  Twitching  this 
Deponent  with  tlie  utmost  Cruelty  forceably  &  violently  hurried 
this  Deponent  along  with  them  with  tlie  utmost  precipitation  to 
Charlestown  in  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire  obliging  this 
Deponent  to  walk  the  whole  way  thither  being  Tvi'elve  Miles 
distant  from  the  said  Township  of  Chester  that  on  the  Road  they 
used  this  Deponent  with  great  Incivility  &  Cruelty  by  pulling 
Twitching  and  Shaking  him,  that  this  Deponent  remained  in  the 
Custody  of  the  said  Rioters  at  Charlestown  aforesaid  about  Twelve 
Hours  from  whence  they  cai-ried  this  Deponent  to  a  place  called 
Windsor  in  this  Province  distant  about  Twenty  miles  from 


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CONTROYERSY  RESPECTIK3  THE 


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Charlestown  aforesaid  that  by  means  of  the  abuses  this  Deponent 
Received  as  aforesaid  the  great  fatigue  he  underwent  &  the  Grief 
and  anxiety  of  mind  &  fear  he  laboured  under,  this  Deponent 
felt  liimself  much  indisposed  and  Intreated  that  his  ill  state  of 
Health  might  excite  Compassion,  notwithstanding  which  the  said 
Rioters  often  threatned  this  Deponent  &  could  hardly  be  pre- 
vailed on  to  allow  him  to  retire  to  sleep  altho  he  stood  much  in 
need  of  that  Refreshment — That  this  Deponent  was  not  suffered 
to  write  to  his  wife  to  Quiet  her  mind  as  to  the  dreadfVil  appre- 
hensions she  must  liave  Entertained  of  what  had  befallen  him 
nor  to  any  other  of  his  Friends  but  with  the  utmost  difficulty  & 
first  submitting  to  have  his  Letters  perused  &  approved  of  by 
the  Rioters,  That  the  said  Rioters  made  use  of  the  most  siiockinjj 
Threats  to  this  Deponent  in  Case  he  shoum  attempt  to  Escape 
swearing  that  if  this  Deponent  was  anywhere  between  Heaven 
&  Hell  he  should  be  taken  again    That  this  Deponent  on  Sunday 
the  Tenth  day  of  June  aforesaid  effected  his  Escape  being  detained 
«ix  days  a  Prisoner  in  the  Hands  of  the  said  Rioters — ^And  this 
Deponent  further  Deposeth  that  on  arriving  at  Charlestown 
aforesaid  the  Rioters  in  discourse  said  '<we  have  now  broke  up 
tiie  Court :  if  we  thought  we  had  not  Effected  it  we  would  go 
back  and  bring  away  one  of  the  Judges"  (or  to  that  purpose) 
itnd  more  than  once  asked  thi&  Deponent  whether  he  thought  the 
Court  would  continue  to  sit,  to  which  this  Deponent  answered  (be- 
ing willing  to  prevent  any  violence  being  offered  to  any  of  the 
Court)  that  he  was  sure  they  would  not  sit  any  longer.  And  further 
this  Disponent  saith,  that  from  Chester  to  Charlestown  the  said 
-fiioters  were  Commanded  by  Joseph  Wait  and  from  tlience  to 
"Windsor  by  Nathan  Stone.    And  further  this  Deponent  saith  not 

John  Grout. 
Sworn  before  me  this     ) 
ninth  day  of  August  1770  ) 

Danl  Horsmanden. 


MEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.  ft41 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  SAMUEL  WELLS. 

•  City  of  New  York  ss  ;  Samuel  Wells  of  Brattleborotigh  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland  Esquire  one  of  the  Judges  of  the 
Inferior  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the  said  County  came  this 
Day  before  me  and  made  oath  that  some  time  between  the  four- 
teenth and  Nineteenth  Days  of  May  .last  this  Deponent  on  liis 
Return  home  from  a  Journey  called  upon  Colonel  Nathan  Stone 
in  Windsor  wlio  mounted  his  Horse  and  rode  with  this  Deponent 
almost  through  Town,  on  the  Road  the  said  Stone  and  this 
Deponent  discoursed  concerning  the  High  Sheriff  not  long  before 
coming  into  Windsor  to  serve  some  Precepts,  and  his  being 
opposed  and  threatened,  the  said  Stone  told  this  Deponent  that 
he  was  determined  that  no  writs  or  Precepts  that  Issued  out  of 
the  Inferior  Court  or  Courts  of  General  Sessions  of  the  Peace  for 
the  said  County  should  be  served  in  Windsor,  or  to  that  purpose  ; 
That  the  making  a  County  was  a  sham  and  not  a  Reality,  that 
the  Patent  or  Ordinance  for  erecting  the  County  was  a  Libel,  as 
it  suggested  that  its  being  erected  into  a  County  was  Petitioned 
for,  which  he  said  was  false,  that  it  was  never  Intended  that 
these  Courts  should  Act  in  Trying  Causes,  that  there  was  no 
Justice  to  be  obtained  in  the  County  by  means  of  the  Corruption 
of,  the  Judges  Justices  and  other  Officers,  that  they  were 
ruled  intirely  by  John  Grout  Attorney  at  Law,  that  he  wag 
determined  to  oppose  their  Authority,  while  he  had  a  Drop  of 
Blood  in  his  veins ;  That  friendship  to  this  Deponent  Induced 
him  to  bear  this  Deponent  Company  until  he  had  passed  by  most 
of  the  Settlements  in  Town,  and  Intimated  that  if  this  Deponent 
should  Ride  alone  through  Town  he  would  be  in  danger  of  being 
Assaulted  by  the  People  and  have  some  violence  done  to  him  ; 
That  this  Deponent  endeavoured  by  many  arguments  to  Convince 
the  said  Stone  of  the  danger  of  opposing  the  Execution  of  the 
Laws  and  exhorted  him  to  alter  his  resolution  and  told  him  that 
if  he  and  the  People  would  for  the  future  make  no  opposition  to 
the  free  execution  of  the  Laws  it  would  be  the  most  likely 
method  he  and  they  could  take  to  induce  the  Civil  authority  to 
pass  over  the  opposition  already  made  in  the.Tenderest  manner  ; 
Vol.  IV.  41 


'^■■■■r.- 

'^1 

'f       'i' 

■  1   -yJ 

.  !  f 

i 

'■:A 

.  '• 

•  m\ 

»  <* 


.      t 


J.  " 


■     ■      i       :0 
•t  ■     •; 


:j.      .: 


i.  "i'M 


.-I-: 


1:] 


' 


.    I 


,1  -.^.-..-r 


642 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


fiitl 


that  if  M'  Qiom)  op  any  of  the  Justices  or  officers  whom  he 
accused  of  bad  conduct  had  done  anything  wrong  the  Law  pro 
vided  a  sufficient  Remedy  and  was  the  only  way  by  wliich  they 
could  be  punished  &  that  this  Deponent  apprehended  lie  hafl 
not  given  himself  time  to  consider  as  he  ought  before  he  had 
formed  his  Relsolutions.    To  which  the  said  Stone  replied  that 
he  had  formed  no  Resolution  about  the  matter  on  a  Sudden 
that  his  Resolution  to  oppose  Writts  being  executed  had  been 
fixed  at  least  five  or  six  months  before,  and  that  while  he  had  life 
he  would  oppose  the  Sherif,  and  that  the  people  of  that  Place 
(meaning  Windsor)  and  some  other  places  would  joine  and  stand 
by  him  to  the  last  drop  of  their  blood,  That  some  time  after 
this  Deponent  arrived  at  home,  he  was  informed  by  Daniel 
W/iipple  Esquire  high  Sherif  of  the  said  County  that  he  with  the 
Assistance  of  fifteen  or  Sixteen  men  had  made  an  attempt  to 
Retake  the  same  Persons  in  Windsor  he  had  before  taken  into 
Custody  &  who  had  Escaped  from  him  being  Rescued  by  the  said 
Stone  and  others,  and  the  particulars  of  that  Transaction.    That 
on  the  Sunday  next  before  the  sitting  of  the  Inferiour  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  and  the  Court  of  General  Sessions  of  the  Peace 
for  the  said  County,  Bildad  Andrews  Esquire  came  to  this  Depo- 
nents  House  and  shewed  him  the  Copy  of  a  Letter  which  he 
Informed  this  Deponent  was  wrote  by  Israel  Curtis  Esquire  one 
of  l)is  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  said  County  residing 
at  Windsor  to  one  Webb  residing  in  Westminister  which  gave 
reason  to  this  Deponent  to  suspect  that  he  the  said  Curtis  together 
with  the  said  Nathan  Stone    and  a  Number   of  others  from 
Windsor  Intended  to    assemble  in  a  Tumullious  manner  at 
Court,  this  Deponent  therefore  as  soon  as  Possible  set  out  for 
Chester  and  on  his  way  thither  called  upon  Joseph  Lord  Esquire 
one  of  the  Judges  of  the  said  Inferiour  Court  who  accompanied 
tliis  Deponent,  that  they  both  arrived  at  Cliester  the  Evening 
before  the  sitting  of  the  Court  and  communicated  the  Copy  of 
tite  said  Letter  to  Thomas  Chandler  Esquire  first  Judge  of  the 
sjiid  Inferiour  Court  and  to  some  Justices  of  the  Peace,  but  as 
tlifi  Copy  aforesaid  was  not  fully  expressive  of  the  Intention  of 
t!ie  Tumult  it  was  difficult  for  them  to  determine  what  measures 
to  take— That  on  Tuesday  the  fifth  day  of  June  last  the  Day 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


643 


appointed  for  the  meeting  of  the  said  Court,  the  said  Nathan 
Stone  together  with  Joseph  Wait,  Benjamin  Wait,  Israel  Curtis, 
Enoch  Judd,  Joseph  King,  Steel  Smith  and  a  number  of  others 
amounting  to  about  thirty  as  this  Deponent  believes  appeared  at 
the  place  where  the  Court  were  to  sit  in  a  Riotous  and  Tumulti- 
ous  manner  the  said  Nathan  Stone  being  armed  with  a  sword, 
the  said  Joseph  Wait  with  a  Dagger  or  Hanger  and  the  rest  with 
large  stave  orclubbs  and  as  it  was  feared  by  the  Judges  they  de- 
signed mischief  the  said  Thomas  Chandler  mildly  demanded  of  the 
jaid  Nathan  Stone  the  reason  of  his  being  thus  armed  and  desired 
him  not  to  carry  his  Sword  into  Court  (oj-  to  that  purpose)  the  said 
Nathan  Stone  replied  in  a  Low  voice  so  that  the  Deponent  is  not 
able  to  say  what  was  his  Answer.  The  Judges  soon  after  took  their 
Seats  and  the  Coiirt  being  regularly  opened  according  to  the  usual 
manner,  the  several  Persons  aforesaid  and  their  Associates  came 
into  the  Court  House  with  their  Hatts  on  and  the  said  Nathan 
Stone  and  Joseph  Wait  armed  as  aforesaid  (the  said  Stone  carry- 
ing his  Sword  in  his  Hand)  approached  the  Table  before  the 
Judges  seat,  while  their  Party,  armed  as  aforesaid,  stood  at  a  small 
distance  in  a  Body  facing  the  Court.    Then  Stone  demanded  of 
the  Court  what  business  they  had  to  sit  there  as  a  Court  and 
said  that  he  made  this  Demand  in  behalf  of  tlie  Publick,  in  this 
he  was  seconded  by  the  said  Joseph  Wait  and  the  said  Israel 
Curtis,  and  were  answered  by  some  of  the  Judges  that  the 
Letters  Patent  or  Ordinance  erecting  the  County  and  the  Com- 
mission of  the  Pleas  which  were  always  read  at  the  opening  of 
the  Court  shewed  their  authority  and  all  who  wanted  satisfac- 
tion ought  to  have  attended  to  the  reading  of  them,  whereupon 
the  said  Nathan  Stone  Joseph  Wait  and  Israel  Curtis  by  many 
Arguments  penied  the  authority  this  Government  had  to  errect  ' 
the  said  County  which  the  Court  thought  prudent  to  bear  with, 
and  not  to  make  much  answer  to,  but  gave  them  to  understand 
they  should  proceed  to  do  the  business  then  before  them. 
Whereupon  the  said  Joseph  Wait,  who  stood  Indicted  with 
some  others  for  a  Riot,  demanded  an  Immediate  Tryal, — ^That  ' 
the  Insolent  behaviour  of  the  said  Joseph  Wait,  Nathan  Stone  • 
and  Israel  Curtis;  and  the  martial  appearance  of  them  and  their  ' 
Party  armed  and  Ranged  as  aforesaid  being  considered,  the 


;f 


i  *^^^ 


•* 


i  1; 

•i 


ui- 


f. 


..■■m 


!•!  1 


644 


CONTROVERSY  RESPSCTINO   THE 


<  > 


;.  '1' 


Court  apprehended  it  not  prudent  that  the  said  Rioters  should 
be  then  put  on  Tryal,  as  the  Court  and  Jury  could  not  be  with- 
out fear  if  they  were  convicted,  nor  safe  to  refuse  them  a  Tryal 
at  that  time,  and  oblige  them  to  enter  into  Recognizance  to 
appear  at  tlie  Next  Term,  least  they  should  resent  it  by  some 
immediate  act  of  violence.    Therefore  the  Court  informed  them 
tliey  might  depart  without  entering  into  any  further  ReccJiii- 
zance — after  which  it  was  moved  by  tlie  said  Nathan  Stoiie 
Joseph  Wait  and  Israel  Curtis  that  John.  Grout  an  Attorney  of 
the  said  Court  should  be  disabled  from 'practising  representing 
him  as  a  bad  man.  Upon  wiiich  tliey  were  answered  by  the 
Court  that  if  M*"  Grout  was  a  bad  Man  it  was  unknown  to  tlie 
Court  tliat  the  Court  entertained  a  Contrary  opinion  of  him. 
However  if  they  had  any  thing  to  accuse  him  of  they  might 
apply  to  the  Grand  Jury  and  the  Clerk  of  the  Peace  would 
assist  in  drawing  any  necessary  Bill,  or  they  might  apply  to  a 
Higher  Court,  That  M'  Grout  if  accused  of  any  offence  had  a 
right  to  a  Tryal,  that  the  Court  had  not  lawful  autliority  to 
Comply  with  their  Request  and  forejudge  M^  Grout  on  a  bare 
suggestion  that  he  was  a  bad  man  supported  by  no  evidence  nor 
even  the  particulars  of  his  bad  Conduct  pointed  out.    the  said 
Stone  and  Wait  then  Replied  they  were  not  about  accusing  lijm 
in  such  a  way  as  to  give  hira  a  Tryal  neither  were  they  obliged 
to  do  it  but  that  the  Court  might  depend  that  nothing  would 
satisfie  liim  and  the  People  (a£  \e  expressed  himself)  but  Grouts 
being  immediately  expelled  tlie  Court  in  sucli  a  manner  as  never 
to  have  the  Priviledge  of  Practising  as  an  Attorney — and  then 
directing  his  Speech  particularly  to  the  first  Judge  said,  if  it  is  not 
done,  We  shall  do  something  wliich  I  shall  be  sorry  to  be  obliged 
to  do  which  will  make  your  Honour  Repent  not  Complying  with 
our  Request  or  words  to  that  purpose  he  was  then  informed  by 
the  Court  that  they  would  not  Comply  with  his  Demand  or 
Request,  upon  which  the  Party  armed  with  Clubbs  as  aforesaid 
who  before  stood  facing  the  Court  crowded  nearer  in  a  Riotous 
disorderly  manner  and  shewed  signs  of  a  Resolution  to  carry 
their  Point  by  force,  the  Court  finding  it  impossible  to  proceed 
to  business  in  this  Confusion  and  Tumult  and  to  prevent  any 
ict  of  Violence  being  committed  while  they  were  silling  as  a 


■   M 


.T.      NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


645 


Court  Immediately  adjourned  to  the  next  day,  Soon  after  which 
the  said  Stone  and  his  Party  seized  tlie'sald  John  Grout  In 
presence  of  some  of  the  Judges  of  the  said  Court  and  forceably 
carried  him  away,  and  tliat  the  High  Sherif  of  the  said  County 
at  the  same  time  made  Proclamation  for  the  said  Rioters  to 
disperse  but  to  no  effect.    And  further  this  Deponent  saith  not. 

Sami.  Wells. 
Sworn  before  me  this     )      '  ^w 

nintiiDay  of  August  1770  5  ,^ 

Danl  Horsmanden.  ;  ^ 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  COUNCIL 


'♦ 


rmm  fX'Ht  ^'|^mi>Q 


ON    THE    PRECEDING. 

May  it  please  your  Honor  -  i  ■u{n\  'ir : 

In  obedience  to  ybui*  Honor's  Order  in  Council  of  the  H*"*  Of 
August  last,  we  have  considered  the  Letter  of  his  Excellendy 
John  Wentworth  Esq'  Goternor  of  New  Hampshire,  of  lOth 
Feby  referred  to  us,  with  his  Memorial  and  the  Depositions 
therewith  transmitted  j  and  humbly  beg  leave  to  report  thereofi. 

That  these  Papers  respect  certain  Complaints  against  Samuel 
Wells  Esq',  X)ne  of  t!ie  Judges  of  tho  inferiour  Court  of  Commbli 
Pleas  and  one  of  the  Justices  in  the  Commission  for  th6  Peao^, 
in  the  New  County  of  Cumberland ;  whioh  is  Part  of  thit 
Territory  formerly  claimed  by  New  Hampshire,  but  by  his 
Majestys  Order  in  privy  Council  of  the  20U>  of  Jidy  1764, 
declared  to  belong  to  the  Province  ot  New  York. 

M'  Wells  is  charged  with  Endeavours  to  frustrate  the  arrest 
of  certain  Persons  prosecuted  in  the  vice  Admiralty  Court  of 
this  Province,  for  cutting  Pine  Timber  in  a  Tract  called  the 
Townsliip  of  Windsor,  granted  under  New  Hampshire ;  aaiid 
with  taking  a  Conveyance  of  their  Eifects,  pending  the  suits, 'to 
prevent  a  Recovery  of  the  Penalty  which  the  (lenders  had 
incurred. 

He  lias  been  informed  of  these  accusations,  &  in  Vindication 
of  himself  laid  before  us  his  own  Declarations  upon  Oath  with 


I'.'ii 


:/ 


♦ 

I 

■I 


.•i' 


1 


!  ..n 


t  I 


»  ^. 


•^^i-^^ai^ 


646 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


■,r,  ,X: 


•■%ymii 


m 


^      !|  I 


the  Depositions  of  William  Dean,  Willaid  Dean,  William  Dean 
Jun',  Ebenezer  FisHer  &  Daniel  Whipple,  with  William  Deune's 
bill  of  sale,  and  the  affidavit  of  James  Duane  Esqr,  who  w&s 
Proctor  for  the  Defendants  in  the  vice  admiralty  Court. 

Upon  examining  these  Papers,  we  cannot  see  sufficient  canse 
to  advise,  either  a  Removal  of  M'  Wells  from  the  Places  he  holds 
OP  any  Prosecution  against  an  Officer,  who  we  are  informed 
sustains  a  fair  Character,  even  in  a  District,  where  there  are  not 
wanting  some  Persons,  to  whom,  from  their  attachment  to  the 
unjustifiable  Claim  of  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  &  bis 
zeal  in  asserting  the  Right  and  Jurisdiction  of  this  Colony  lie 
must  be  peculiarly  obnoxious. 

The  Parties  prosecuted  had  by  Law  a  Right  to  convey  away 
their  effects,  and  M'  Wells's  acceptance  of  the  Grant,  with  the 
Caution,  and  in  the  circumstances  &  for  the  Ends  proved  by  M' 
Duane,  we  cannot  conceive  to  be  in  the  least  Degree  criminal. 

And  if  your  Honor  &  the  Board  of  Council  should  concur  in 
this  opinion,  we  humbly*  beg  Leave  to  advise,  that  copies  of  the 
Depositions  which  we  now  deliver  in ;  may  be  s(  iit  to  M' 
Wentworth,  in  Justification  of  the  Conduct  of  this  Government 
and  to  shew  his  Excellency  our  Readiness,  to  make  diligent 
Examination  into  the  Matters  of  his  Complaint. 

With  Respect  to  the  Request  that  the  Lauds  granted  in  the 
Township  of  Windsor,  under  the  seal  of  New  Hampshire,  may 
be  declared  to  be  forfeited  for  a  Breach  of  one  of  the  Conditions 
in  the  Patent,  the  Committee  conceive,  that  advantages  of  broken 
Conditions  expressed  in  Royal  Grants,  are  to  be  taken  in  a  legal 
course,  by  regular  Prosecutions  against  the  Patentee ;  and  that 
it  would  be  manifestly  improper  to  order  any  steps  for  that 
purpose  in  the  Present  case,  because  we  consider  tiie  Grant 
which  his  Excellency  refers  to,  as  merely  void  for  want  of 
Authority  in  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire,,  To  issue 
Patents  for  Lands  (as  has  been  done  in  many  Instances)  on  the 
West  side  of  Connecticut  River. 

But  when  the  New  Hampshire  Grantees  (who  have  generally 
by  the  Moderation  of  this  Government  been  preferred  to  others) 
pray  for  new  Patents  under  the  Great  Seal  of  this  Colony,  we 
conceive  that  such  as  have  shewn  a  Disregard  to  the  Terms 


MEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


647 


under  wliich  they  settled,  in  articles  injurious  to  the  Crown,  k 
such  also  as  have  been  guilty  of  Infractions  of  the  Laws  for  the 
Preservation  of  Masts  for* the  Royal  Navy,  are  unworthy  of  his 
Majesty's  Bounty,  &  that  tlieir  applications  for  Lands  in  this 
Government  ought  to  be  rejected. 

All  which  is  nevertheless  humbly  submitted  this  25'h  Day  of 
September  1770— By  order  of  the  committee 

Wm  Smith  Chairman  of  the  Committee. 
(Endorsed)  The  committee's  Report  on  the  order  of  Rel'errence 
of  tlie  U'h  of  Augt  1770  relating  to  the  accusa- 
tions ag*  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  a  Judge  of  j* 
Common  Pleas  of  Cumberland  County.  1770 
Sep*  29.    Read  &  appproved  of  and  confirmed. 


i;'^*^. 


i  -■ 


i';l' 


I 


i»ard  to  the  Terms 


ADDITIONAL  AFFIDAVITS. 

NewYork  Cumberland  County  ss.  William  Deane  of  full  age 
Personally  came  and  appeared  before  me  Joseph  Lord  Esq'  one 
of  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Court,  and  one  of  his  Majesties 
Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  aforesaid  and  being  sworn 
on  the  Holy  ^Evangelists  Deposeth  &  saith. 

That  he  being  a  Resident  in  Windsor,  and  having  the  Later 
part  of  August  last,  taken  a  journey  from  tliere  to  Springfield 
in  Massachusetts  Bay,  M'"  John  Grout  on  the  fourth  Day  of  Sep- 
tember last,  came  to  him  (the  Deponent)  and  Informed  him, 
that  the  Deponents  two  Sons  Willard  &  William  were  made 
Prisoners  by  one  Benjamin  Whiting  on  a  Process  that  Issued 
out  of  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  for  the  Province  of  New 
York  and  that  he  said  Whiting  was  jgoiug  to  carry  them  to  the 
City  of  New  Yurk  for  tr)al,  And  that  Wliiting  has  agreed  to 
tarry  at  Iliusdule  with  his  said  prisoners  uutill  Tuesday  noon  : 
That  they  were  almost  Destitute  of  money  &  had  hired  liim  to 
come  &  Enform  this  Deponent  of  their  Cercumstances.  And 
that  unless  this  Deponent  could  reach  Hinsdale  by  Tuesday 
noon,  it  was  likely  his  said  Son's  would  begone,  so- that  this. 


^1 


-■Iff 

^1 


;  I 


if  : 


fr'       < 


S''l  '  |^J*1U' 


«I,  '*» 


'  Hi' 


649 


CONTROTERSY    RESFECTINQ    THE 


Dtponeiit  coiiW  not  see  them,  without  following  them  to  Albany- 
as  Said' Grout  told  him  (the  Deponent)  That  Whiting  Jiad  not 
Promised  to  Tarry  at  Hinsdale  longer  than  tuesday  noon:   And 
nicely  would  then  set  out  for  Albany.  (That  the  Inferl(juf  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  was  then  sitting  at  Springfield,  in  whicli  Court 
the  Deponant  had  a  Cause  then  Depending,  and  was  obliged  to 
attend' the  Tryal;  which  prevented  the  Deponent  from  arriving 
at  Hinsdale  until!  Tuesday  night,  When  Whiting  hnd  moved 
with  the  Deponents  said  Sons,  (agreable  to  what  M""  Grout  had 
bt^fore  told  the  Deponent)  fi-om  Hinsdale  across  the  woods 
towartl  Albany  That  on  the  Deponents  arriving  at  Brattleborough 
the  next  morning  he  saw  Judge  Wells,  and  understanding  by 
him,  and  others  Tliat  the  Process  issued  from  the  C(mrt  of  admi- 
ralty aforesaid  was  against  the  Deponent,  as  well  as  against  his 
Sons — Tiie  Deponent  asked  said  Wells's  advice:  And  he  advised 
the  Deponent  to  go  to  the  City  of  New  York,  Immediately  & 
surrender  himself  to  the  Marshal,  &  tak«  tryal  with  his  said 
Sons.     That  on  this  Morning,  News  c«nie  to  the  Deponent  & 
said  Wells,  of  a  Party  of  men  that  had  followed  the  said  Whitin" 
&  said  Prisoners,  The  said  Wells  with  M'  Arms  the  then  high 
Sheriff,  set  out  on  horseback  to  Disperse  the  People:  And  both 
said  Wells  and  Arms  shew'd  a  great  Disposition  to  prevent  any 
Violence  &f  and  appeared  much  coucerned  at  hearing  that  the 
people,  in  a  Tumult  had  followed  as  albresaid.    This  Deponent 
thinks  he  has  every  reason  to  believe  that  said  Wells  was 
offended,  &  even  Griev'd,  that  the  People  was  assembled  in  that 
Tumult,  and  that  the  Zeal  that  the  said  Wells  &  Arras  shew'd 
on  tliat  occasion,  leaves  no  Doubt  in  the  mind  of  this  Deponent, 
but  that  they  would  run  every  risque  to  Disperse  the  People. 
The.  Deponent  agreable  to  M'  Wells's  advise,  set  out  for  the 
City  of  New  York,  to  surrender  himself  lor  tryal:  And  about 
thii  ty  miles  before  he  reached  the  City,  met  M'  Whiting  Deputy 
Marshall  who  turn'd  about,  &  accompanied  the  Deponent  to  the 
New  Goal  in  the  City  where  ho  Avas  committed.    Tlie  Deponent 
further  say's,  That  the  said  Grout  wag  so  far  from  making  liis 
journey  to  Springfield  to  arr<'st  Whiting  and  thereby  help  the 
said  Prisoners  to  escape,  that  he  informed  this  Deponent,  That 


IL.  '  ( 


KEW    HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


649 


Whiting  &  the  said  Prisoners  were  going  another  way  viz» 
across  the  woods  to  albany. 
Sworn  tliis  Twenty  third  day  of  June  Anno  Domini  1770. 

JosEi'H  Lord, 


New  Yorlc  Cumberland  County  ss.  Danifx  Whipple  Esq^  now 
High  Sheriff  of  tlie  said  Couijty  of  Cumberland,  pesonally  came 
fc  appeared  before  me  Josepli  Lord  Esq'  one  of  tlie  Judges  of  the 
Inferiour  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  said  County  and  one  of  his 
Mtyestys  Justices  of  peace  for  said  County  and  being  sworn  on 
the  holy  Evangelists,  Deposetli  and  saith.  That  some  time  the 
lore  part  of  September  last  this  Deponent  was  at  tlie  house  of 
John  Arms  Esq'  in  Brattleborough  in  said  County  in  Cod  pany 
with  said  Arms,  Samuel  Wells  Esq^  M'  Benjamin  Whiting,  Wil- 
lard  Dean  &  William  Dean  jun'  and  understood,  that  the  said 
Whiting  as  Deputy  Marshal  had  the  said  Willard  Dean  &  William 
Dean,  then  in  his  custody,  on  a  Process  that  had  Issued  against 
them  out  of  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  of  New  York.  That 
by  Whitings  Discourse  it  seem'd,  he  was  at  a  loss  whether  to 
carry  the  Prisoners  thro'  a  Part  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  or  thro' 
the  Woods  to  Albany,  whereupon  said  Wells  told  him,  that  it 
was  his  opinion.  That  he  had  no  right  to  carry  them  thro'  Massa- 
chusets,  (tho'  says  he  that  would  be  the  best  Rhoad  if  the  Law 
would  justifle  it)  and  advised  him  said  Whiting,  to  go  with  the 
Prisioners,  across  the  wood's  in  the  Province  of  New  York  to 
Albany,  &  take  that  Road  to  New  York  Whiting  soon  concluded 
to  go  that  Way:  Mess"""  Wells  &  Arms  seemed  to  treat  said  Whit- 
ing with  great  respect.  Drank  with  him  freely  &  Discoursed 
merrily,  and  after  Whiting  had  concluded,  not  to  go  with  the 
Prisoners  thro'  Massachusets  Bay,  M'  Wells  merrily  t:.<'  ;o  him 
had  you  gone  thro'  that  Province  I  guess  that  Grout  would  have 
arrested  you  on  behalf  of  your  Prisoners  for  false  Traprisonraent 
(or  to  that  purpose)  a  considerable  Discourse  r:-  irily  passed  in 
this  way  by  M"^  Wells  until  Wiiiting  seem'd  angry  and  Expressed 
himself  as  tlio'  he  appreliended  M''  Wells  had  sent  Grout  into 
Massachusets  on  that  en-and  upon  which  M^  Wells  said,  you 
ought  iK)t  to  tiiiuk  so  (or  to  that  purpose)  had  that  been  tlie  case 
do  you  think  I  would  have  advised  you,  not  to  go  that  way:  I 


i'  I'l 


<  il 


:  I: 


'5 


i^t 


*  ^ 


it 


'."^^ 


J  * 


!♦*  U«  r,S 


»«••■  p 


'».,,.* 


i  .,» 


.1.    t 


650 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE 


dont  know  that  Grout  is  gone  on  that  buisness,  for  I  have  not 
seen  liim:  but  I  understand  he  has  gone  that  way,  Perhaps  that 
may  be  his  business.  After  Whiting  was  gone  and  a  Number 
of  People  in  a  Tumultuous  way,  followed  him,  as  1  was  enfornied 
I  understood  that  said  Wells  Issued  his  warrant  to  arrest  some 
of  them:  and  arrested  them  accordingly:  and  several  times  after- 
wards, I  heard  him  said  Wells  speak  of  this  Tumult  with  warmth 
and  said  that  he  apprehended  the  people  in  it  ought  to  be  severely 
punished,  and  that  he  would  do  all  in  his  power  to  see  that  they 
was  punished,  or  to  the  same  purpose. 

Joseph  Lord. 
Sworn  this  Twenty  third  Day  of  ? 

r     June,  Anno  Domini  1770  ) 

(Endorsed)    Daniel  Whipple  Esq  Deposition. 


:'<w 


in 


New  York  Cumberland  County  ss.  Ebenezer  Fisher  of  Brat- 
tleborough  in  the  county  of  Cumberland  and  Province  of  New 
York  Personally  Come  and  Apeared  Before  me,  Joseph  Lord 
Esq'  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  and  one  of  His  Majestys  Justices  of  the  Peace  for 
said  County,  and  being  Duly  Sworn  Deposeth  &  Saitli,  that 
on  Saturday  Evening  the  Second  Day  of  September  Last  Past, 
this  Deponent  was  at  the  House  of  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  in  the 
Township  of  Brattleborough  in  said  County  of  Cumberland,  in 
Company  with  one  Benjamin  Wliiting  and  said  Samii  Wells, 
said  Whiting  Told  said  Wells  that  he  (said  Whiting)  had  Two 
Prisoners  at  Hinsdale  (viz)  William  and  Willard  Dean,  which 
he  was  going  to  Carry  to  New  York  By  vertue  of  writs  from  the 
Court  of  vice  Admiralty  of  New  York,  said  Wells  asked  said 
Whiting  if  he  was  agoing  to  Carry  Them  Down  the  River 
through  the  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut  Governments,  To 
which  said  Wliitiug  answered  that  he  Did  not  know  but  he 
should,  for  ho  understood  there  was  Provision  made  fur  Officers 
of  the  Neighboring  Governments  to  carry  their  Prisoner's  through 
them  Governments,  by  acts  of  Assembly  (or  To  that  Purpose) 
— said  Wells  Told  him  lie  Did  not  Recollect  any  such  Act,  and 
believed  that  there  was  none,  unless  it  was  made  .very  Lately- 


VEXf  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


651 


however  (said  Wells  to  him)  if  there  is  such  an  Act  it  will  be 
much  easier  to  go  that  way — But  you  had  Better  be  sure  of  it 
before  you  go.  Said  Wells  furtlier  Told  liim  he  could  cross  the 
woods  without  any  Great  Difficulty,  if  he  got  a  Pilot  Part  of  the 
way— said  Whiting  was  very  urgent  to  have  said  Wells  meet 
him  at  Hindsdale  on  monday  morning  the  next. 

This  Deponent  was  at  Hindsdale  on  the  Monday  next  following 
said  Second  Day  of  September  Said  Wells,  Whiting,  &  his  two 
assistants  Benjamin  Wait  and  one  Rosebrook — Present,  Likewise 
the  two  Prisoners  above  mentioned,  and  heard  said  Wells  & 
Whiting,  Discourse  in  substance  the  same  as  above,  with  Regard 
to  Carrying  said  Prisoners  thro'  said  Governments  or  a  Cross 
the  woods.  i 

Sworn  this  ninth  Day  of  July  A.  D.  1770  ?  Ebenezer  Fisher,  i 

before  me  Joseph  Lord.     )     , 


i^.W*    I 


■'.n 


— — —  - 'il' •  ^;;.' j-4^''  ''■■Ov.'; 

New  York  Cumberland  County.  Willard  Dean  of  full  ago 
personally  came  and  appeared  before  me  the  Subscriber  Oliver 
Willard  Esq.  one  'of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  in  S*" 
County  and  one  of  the  Assistant  Judges.  .      r 

And  being  sworn  on  the  holy  Evangelists  Deposeth  &  saith, 
that  he,  being  a  Resident  in  Windsor  in  the  same  County  was 
about  the  twenty  Ninth  Day  of  August  last  made  prisoner  by 
one  Benj*  Whiting  on  a  Process  that  issued  out  of  the  Court  of 
Vice  Admiralty,  &  having  been  kept  by  S*"  Wliiting  and  others 
he  had  given  the  care  of  the  Deponent  to,  with  great  severity. 
Viz.  Guarded  with  loaded  Pistols,  Clubs,  &c.  And  threatened 
to  be  shot,  beat,  &«  the  S**  Wliiting  sent  the  Deponent,  and  his 
Brother  William  (♦hen  a  Prisoner)  under  the  care  of  one  Benj* 
Wait,  &  James  Rosebrook,  from  Windsor,  to  Hinsdale,  that  pass- 
ing thro'  Westminister,  where  the  Depo*  his  S^  Brother  &  tlieir 
S""  keepers  lodged.  Viz.  at  M""  Ranueys  :  we  there  found  M' 
John  Grout  Attorney  at  Law,  and  this  Deponent  &  his  S^  Brother 
told  hina  the  usage  they  had  met  with  &  the  Terrors  they  had 
been  kept  under  by  S«*  Whiting,  Wait  and  Rosebrook  &«  M' 


i 


.      ». 


f  ' 

1 

^l- 

"  kl 


t  'I 


i  \. 


^^2 


CON'irilOVERSt  RESPECTING   THE 


kJ^- 


I 


Grout  then  enquired  of  S'^  Wait,  &  Rosebrook,  the  reason  of 
their  using  the  Depohant  &  his  S*"  Brother  with  such  Severities 
&  whether  they  had  unduly  behaved,  and  being  answered  byS<i 
Wait,  that  the  Prisoners  had  behaved  in  no  way  unbecoming 
had  shewn  no  Disposition  to  Escape,  he  then  told  S«i  Wait  &  Rose- 
brook,  that  it  was  his  opinion,  that  Prisoners  in  Custody  \vho 
during  their  being  in  Custody  had  continued  to  behave  well  & 
to  be  submissive  to  their  keepers,  ought  not  to  be  carried  under 
the  Terror  of  fire  Arms,  nor  be  threatened  with  beating  &  that 
he  thought  M'  Whiting  was  much  in  f^ult,  for  Ordering,  & 
suffering,  the  Prisoners  to  be  under  these  Circumstances  used  in 
that  manner,  M'  Grout .  then  asked  the  Deponent,  &  his  B^ 
Brother,  whether  they  would  promise  not  to  make  any  Escape 
to  which  they  answered  in  the  Affirmative.  M'  Grout  then 
advised  Said  Wait  &  Rosebrook,  to  unload  their  Pistols,  and  to 
treat  the  prisoners  with  Tenderness,  &  kindness,  and  further- 
more told  the  prisoners  both,  in  hearing  of  Wait,  and  Rosebrook 
as  well  as  out  of  their  hearing  by  all  means  to  be  Submissive  to 
their  S^  keepers,  &  that  the  escaping  from  them  would  be  no 
advantage,  but  a  great  Disadvantage  to  the  deponant,  &  his  S^ 
Brother,  &  that  after  the  S<i  Grout  had  discoursed  in  this  manner 
with  S«*  prisoners,  &  S«l  keepers,  they  unloaded  the  Pistols.  The 
Deponant  &  his  S<'  Brother,  having  but  a  little  Money  &  their 
Father  being  at  Springfield,  they  persuaded  the  S<i  Grout  to  ride 
to  him,  &  give  him  notice  of  their  circumstances,  &  if  possible 
procure  some  Money  of  him,  to  carry  along  with  them  to  New 
York  :  the  S''  Grout  went  from  Westminister  on  that  Journey, 
and  at  Hinsdale  again  met  the  Prisoifers,  &  M""  Whiting  on 
Sunday  Morning. 

M""  Whiting  informed  the  s^  Grout  that  he  intended  to  set  out 
with  the  Prisoners  by  Tuesday  Noon,  across  the  Woods,  to  Alba- 
ny. M""  Grout  iiiiormed  Whiting  of  his  Business  to  Sprinjjfield 
&  desired  him  to  tarry  'till  he  came  back,  even  tlio'  it  should  be 
until  Tuesday  Night.  M'  Grout  left  the  prisoners,  &  Whiting 
to  pursue  the  said  Journey  to  Springfield,  on  Sunday  Morning. 
Whiting  with  the  Prisoners  set  out  on  Tuesday  after  Noon,  and 
before  Grouts  return.  That  after  Grouts  departure,  viz:  on  the 
^urth  of  Septem'  Sam'  Wells  &  John  Arras  Esq'  came  to  the 


"•■•S  ■■!  ::s  1 


^  II 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


653 


e  Pistols.    The 


House  where  this  Deponent,  his  s^'  Brother,  &  Whiting  were  after 
gome  Civilities  had  passed  between  s<J  Wells,  &  Whiting  as  usual 
on  the  Meeting  of  Gentlemen,  M""  Whiting  desired  s<J  Wells 
to  tarry  there  until  he  wert  aoi-oss  tlie  River,  to  speak  with  one 
Joues,  Ml"  Wells  tarried  accordingly,  &  on  Wliitings  return  some 
Conversation  between  them  was  had,  by  which  it  appeared  by 
what  Whiting  said,  that  he  had  some  tho'ts  of  carrying  the  s*" 
Prisoners  to  New  York  thro'  a  part  of  Massachusetts  Bay.    M' 
Wells  told  him  that  (in  his  opinion)  he  had  no  RigJit  to  go  with 
the  said  Prisoneiis  thro'  tliat  Province  &  on  Discoursing  with 
Benjamin  Wait,  one  of  Whitings  Assistants,  M^  Wells  expressed 
himself  in  the  same  manner.  Representing  it  as  his  opinion  that 
Whiting  had  no  Right  to  take  s''  Prisoners  across  the  Massechu- 
setts  (tho  says  he)  if  the  Law  would  Justify  it,  it  would  be  much 
the  best  Road,  &  easyest  Way,  he  advised  M'  Whiting  if  he  went 
across  the  woods  in  New  York  Government,  to  Albany,  to  get 
one  Stockwell  as  a  Pilate,  who  he  s<*  he  believed  knew  the  way, 
at  this  Time,  and  at  another  time,  viz,  when  the  Deponent  was 
going  with  s^  Whiting,  acrcc,s  to  Albany,  s^  Wells  &  Arms,  at 
Arms's  house,  Treated  s^  Whiting,  his  assistants,  &  the  Prisoners, 
with  Liquors  &<=  &  all  were  very  cheerful,  M"^  Wells  merrily  said 
had  you  gone  with  the  Prisoners  thro'  Massechusetts,  I  guess 
Grout  would  have  arrested  you,  this  Depot  heard  M'  Wells  mer- 
rily say  so  another  Time,  M"^  Whiting  seemed  to  resent  this.    M' 
Wells  thereupon  s^  he  did  not  know  that  he  meaning  Grout 
would  do  so  for  he  had  not  seen  him  before  he  went  down  &  only 
had  heard  he  had  gone  down  the  River,  perhaps  that  may  be  his 
Business,  surely  (says  he)  If  I  had  desired  that  such  a  Thing 
should  be  done,  I  should  not  advised  you,  not  to  go  that  way, 
(or  to  tliat  purpose)  This  deponent  further  says  that  he  has  not 
the  least  reason  to  believe,  that  any  such  thing  was  intended  by 
s*  Wells,  As  Grout  he  is  sure  knew  before  he  left  Whiting,  and 
the  Prisoners,  at  Hinsdale,  tliat  Whiting  intended  not  to  go  thro': 
the  Massechusetts  Bay,  but  across  the  Woods  to  Albany.    This 
Depo'  further  says,  that  s^  Wells  advised  him,  &  his  s'^  Brother, 
to  go  with  Wiiiting,  &  be  obedient  to  him  &  not  to  attempt  any 
Escape,  that  the  doing  it  would  be  greatly  to  the  Prisoners  Dis- 
advantage, &  never  s«i  a»y  thing  Contrary  to  the  Deponent  or  to 


-%i 


'■I 


"i 


4  0 


■11: 

H 


■'t  I' 4 

4  ;' 


11 


I  i 


Mil 


I  n 


'•"'  if  '<> 


fev^'     '■ 


B 


C54 


CONTROVERSY   RESPtCTIMG  THE 


any  other  Person  as  he  knows  of,  that  as  to  a  Number  of  People 
following  Whiting,  &  others  this  Deponent,  had  not  the  least 
expectation  of  such  a  thing,  and  cannot  guess  what  moved  the 
people  to  it  unless  it  was  this,  that  when  Whiting  moved  ofiP  with 
the  Deponent  &  his  said  Brother  he  rode  on  Horseback,  &  the 
Prisoners  went  on  Foot,  they  did  not  Trdvel  so  fast  as  he  inclined 
to  ride,  upon  which  he  told  this  Deponent,  &  his  s<J  Brother,  that 
unless  they  traveled  faster  he  would  tie  them  together  with  Ropes 
or  Straps,  and  throw  them  across  his  Horse,  and  carry  them  thai 
way,  or  tie  them  to  the  Tail  of  his  Horse.  What  makes  this 
deponent  believe  these  threats  Occasioned  the  people  to  Assem- 
ble, and  follow  as  afores<*  is  this,  that  when  they  came  to  M' 
Stockwell,  where  Whiting  &  the  Prisoners  lodged,  &  found  the 
Prisoners  had  not  been  used  in  the  Manner  threatned  as  afores^ 
they  committed  uo  Violences. 

WiLLARD  Dean 
Sworn  before  me  this  11**>  day  of  July  1770 

Ol*  Willard. 


I  4     'k 


I:.    :  ""I 


County  of  Cumberland  ss:  WilUam  Dean  Brother  to  the  above 
Willard  Dean  Being  duly  Sworn,  did  depose  and  say,  after  Reed- 
ing the  aforegoing  deposition,  that  he  knows  the  contents  thereof 
to  be  just  and  true. 

William  Deasi  Jun' 
Sworn  before  me  the  llth  day  of  July  1770. 

Ol»  Willard 


City  of  New  York  ss.  Samuel  Wells  of  the  Township  of 
Brattleborough  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  and  Province  of  New 
York  Esq'  being  duly  sworn  upon  the  Holy  Evangelists  of 
Almighty  God  deposeth  and  saith  that  on  tlie  Second  Day  of 
September  in  tlie  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  seven  liundred 
and  sixty  nine  Benjamin  Whiting  Esq'  came  to  his  House  and 
told  liiiri  lie  was  going  to  Doctor  Wells's  and  about  an  hour  and 
an  hjilf  or  two  Hours  after  returned  with  Ebenezer  Fisher  who 
he  said  was  his  Prisoner  and  that  Willard  and  William  Deane 
were  likewise  his  Prisoners  at  Hinsdale  and  that  he  had  taken 


H  Dea»  Jun' 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE   GAANTS. 


655 


them  all  on  Process  from  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  in  New 
York  aforesaid  for  cutting  down  White  Pine  Trees.    Tliat  this 
Deponent  then  asked  the  said  Benjamin  Wliiting  which  Way  he 
intended  to  carry  them  whether  thro'  the  Governments  of  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  and  Connecticut  or  thro'  the   Woods  to  Albany 
the  Reason  of  which  Question  was  that  Hindsdalewhere  the  said 
prisoners  then  were  lies  severall  miles  below  the  Road  leading  to 
Albany    That  the  said  Benjamin  then  made  answer  that  he  was 
undetermined  which  way  he  should  go  for  that  Mr.  Jones  and 
Mr.  Grout  had  told  him  that  by  the  Laws  of  the  Massachusetts  a 
Provision  was  made  for  Officers  of  the  other  Governments  to 
carry  Prisoners  thro'  their  Jurisdiction  if  needful.    Tliat  this 
Deponent  then  replied  he  knew  of  no  such  Law  that  if  there 
was  any  sucli  it  would  be  much  the  easiest  Way  but  advised  liim 
to  be  certain  of  it  before  he  went  that  going  tliro'  the  Woods  to 
Albany  would  be  attended  with  great  Difficulty  and  put  him  to 
the  Expence  of  a  Guide  for  Part  of  the  Way  and  this  Deponent 
further  saith  that  upon  asking  the  said  Benjamin  Wliiting  what 
Ground  there  was  for  a  Process  against  the  said  Ebenezer  Fisher 
he  answered  that  Mr.  Jones  as  he  understood  had.  informed 
against  him  to  Governor  Wentworth  and  the  said  Ebenezer 
Fisher  then  said  he  had  cut  no  white  Pine  Trees  except  sucli  as 
has  been  blown  down  and  laid  rotting  for  several  years  that  this 
Deponent  then  told  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  he  believed 
what  the  Prisoner  said  was  true  for  he  this  Deponent  knew  of 
his  cutting  such  Logs  but  verily  believed  he  had  cut  no  other 
than  such  as  he  never  brought  them  to  his  the  Deponents 
Mill  and  that  if  he  had  tresspassed  in  no  other  manner  the 
Iflformation  against  him  by  Mr.  Jones  on  which  he-was  prosecu- 
ted appeared  to  this  Deponent  to  be  malicious  and  vexatious  That 
this  Deponent  then  asked  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  whether 
he  had  Power  to  release  the  said  Ebenezer  Fisher  if  he  could  be 
satisfied  he  had  cut  no  Timber  fit  for  his  Majesty's  Navy  upon 
which  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  replied  he  believed  that  M' 
Jones  had  such  Power  and  desired  this  Deponent  to  meet  him 
aad  M'  Jones  at  M'  Tutes  at  Hiudsdale  aforesaid  on  Monday 
then  next  and  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  he  asked  the 
said  Benjamin  Whiting  whether  he  had  any  Process  for  Wit- 


£' 

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CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE 


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is,' 


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y.;  .■;.  *{ 


r, 


nesses  and  who  the  Witnesses  were  and  that  the  said  Benjamin 
answered  and  said  that  he  had  with  him  Subpoenas  but  that 
there  were  Blanks  for  the  names  which  lie  was  to  fill  up  with 
such  as  he  found  capable  of  proving  what  was  alledged  against 
the  Prisoners,  and  then  serve  them  That  this  Deponent  then 
enquired  whether  he  had  any  Directions  to  give  the  Witnesses 
money  for  defraying  the  Expense  of  their  Journey  and  tliat  the 
said  Benjamin  said  he  should  give  to  each  of  them  two  or  three 
shillings   Upon   which  this  Deponent    observed  that   if  the 
Witnesses  happened  to  be  poor  they  could  not  possibly  go  that 
Journey  with  so  small  a  sum  the  said  Benjamin  then  replied  that 
the  Siibponas  required  their  attendance  under  the  Penalty  of 
one  hundred  pounds  that  this  Deponent  then  look'd  into  Jacobg 
ItKw  Dictionary  and  found  under  the  Title  Subpcenas  that  the 
penalty  was  inserted  only  in  Terrorem  and  the  whole  was  not 
recoverable  which  he  read  to  the  said  Biiyamin  Whiting  but 
never  imagined  either  that  or  any  thing  else  he  had  said  or  done 
would  be  charged  upon  him  as  a  crime  or  Misdemeanor  shice 
his  Intentions  were  entirely  innocent  and  the  whole  conversation 
that  passed  in  substance  as  aforesaid  w'as  the  mere  Eifect  of 
Curiosity  and  for  bare  Information— And  this  Deponent  further 
saith  that  on  Monday  the  fourth  of  September  according  to  M' 
Whitings  Desii-e  he  met  him  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  and 
the    said   Ebenezer   Fisher   at  Hindsdale   aforesaid  but  that 
M'  Jones  was  not  there  that  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  desired 
this  Deponent  to  tarry  there  till  he  and  Major  Arms  went  across 
the  River  to  M""  Jones  that  this  Deponent  waited  accordingly  and 
upon  his  the  said  Whitings  Return  he  told  this  Deponent  that 
M'  Jones  had  directed  him  to  release  the  said  Ebenezer  Fisher 
and  he  did  then  release  him  accordingly  and  this  Deponent 
further  saith  that  they  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  and  this 
Deponent  then  had  a  further  conversation  relative  to  the  Road 
he  intended  to  take  to  New  York  of  the  same  purport  with  that 
above  in  substance  related  and  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  then 
informed  this  Deponent  that  M"^  Grout  was  gone  into  Massachu- 
setts to  inform  Capt"  Dean,  Father  of  the  said  William  & 
Willard  Dean  of  what  had  happened  upon  which  this  Depo- 
nent  replied    that   if  that  was   the   Case   M""  Grout  would 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


667 


probably   cause  him  to  be  arrested  if  lie  travelled  with  his 
Prisoners  that  Way  But  tlie  Deponent  denies  lie  ever  knew 
that  M'  Grout  was  gone  belbre  tliat  Time  and  tliis  Depo- 
nent further  saith  that  on  the  next  Day  being  Tuesday  tlie 
fifth  Day  of  September  aforesaid  in  the  afternoon  tlie  said  Benja- 
min Whiting  wjtli  two  of  his  Assistants  Wait  &  Rosebrook  and 
the  said  Willard  and  William  Dean  liis  Prisoners  came  to  a  Saw 
Mill  belonging  to  this  Deponent  adjoining  to  the  high  Road  on 
their  Journey  to  Albany  tliat  the  said  Major  Arms  who  was  then 
at  this  Deponents  said  Mill  gave  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  and 
those  with  hira  an  Invitation  to  stop  at  his  House  on  their  Way 
and  take  some  Refreshraen   'vhich  they  accepted  of  that  there- 
upon they  all  went  togethf     >  the  House  of  the  said  Major  Arms 
who  provided  a  Dinner  for  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  and  those 
who  were  with  him  That  this  Deponent  sent  to  His  the  said  Depo- 
nents House  lor  Rum  and  having  made  some  Liquor  they  all 
drank  and  conversed  freely  together  That  durini*  their  Stay  there 
this  Deponent  at  the  Request  of  tlie  said  Benjamin  Whiting  ad- 
vised the  Prisoners  as  they  had  but  little  money  with  them,  to 
give  M"^  Whiting  an  Obligation  under  their  Hands  for  the  Repay- 
ment of  what  he  should  lay  out  in  their  Expenses  upoa  the  Road 
and  they  agreeing  to  such  his  Proposal  he  drew  the  said  Obliga- 
tion and  they  executed  it  accordingly   And  this  Deponent  further 
salth  that  liaving  drank  freely  and  sociably  together  for  some 
time  he  told  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  in  a  jesting  Way  that  if 
he  had  gone  thro'  Massachusets  Grout  would  have  arrested  him 
and  the  Prisoners  would  have  been  at  Liberty  and  others  of  the 
Company  bantered  him  in  the  same  manner  upon  which  he  the 
said  Benjamin  Wliiting  grew  angry  and  intimated  that  this  Depo- 
nent had  sent  Grout  on  that  Errand  Upon  whicli  the  said  Depo- 
nent told  him  he  was  so  fur  from  designing  any  thing  of  that 
Kind  that  he  never  knew  M''  Grout  was  gone  thither  till  he  the 
said  Benjamin  Whiting  informed  him  of  it.    Nor  did  ho  know 
M'  Grouts  Business  there  but  barely  suspected  that  that  might 
be  it.    And  that  he  the  said  Benjamin  did  not  do  well  in  sus- 
pecting tlie  Deponent  liad  sent  M""  Grout  on  such  an  Errand 
since  he  the  Deponent  ha^  all  along  told  him  the  said  Benja- 
min Whiting  that  he  apprehended  that  he  had  no  legal  Right^ 
Vol.  IV.  42 


.1;  -?;■ 

,1:         --<^ 


'-  * 


!  I 


if, 


r  ■"  '1 


I 


I  .[■ 


I  ? 


^'i 


I  ^1 


M 


iH 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTIKG   tllE 


fel^iill 


it 


E;#-^;  '  ' 


to  go  with  Prisoners  tliat  way  that  the  said  Benjamin  seemed 
thereupon  satisfied  and  requested  this  Deponent  to  accompany 
him  two  or  three  miles  and  shew  him  the  Road'  to  Albany  and 
upon  his  Request  and  to  oblige  him  the  said  Benjamin  the 
deponent  complied.     And  this  Deponent  further  stiith  that 
while  upon  the  Road  the  said  Benjamin  Wliiting  complained 
to  this  Deponent  that  the  Prisoners  did  not  walk  fast  enough 
upon  which  the  Deponent  advised  them  to  make  as  much 
Haste  as  they  could  and  be  obedient  to  the  commands  of  the 
said  Benjamin  Whiting  and  they  would  fare  the  better  for  It 
and  more  particularly  gave  them  a  strict  charge  not  to  attempt 
an  escape  by  any  means  whatsoever  all  which  they  piomised 
this  Deponent  in  the  said  Benjamins  Hearing  to  observe  and  that 
before  they  parted  the  said  Benjamin  informed  this  Deponent 
that  his  the  Deponents  advice  had  made  the  Prisoners  walk  a 
great  deal  faster  and  thanked  the  Deponent  for  all  the  favors  he 
had  shown  to  him  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  early 
on  the  morning  of  the  next  Day  he  was  surprized  by  a  message 
from  the  said  Major  Arms  then  high  Sheriflf  of  the  County 
aforesaid  informing  him  that  a  number  of  People  had  followed 
thei  said  Benjamin  Whiting  in  a  tumultuous  manner  That  there- 
upon the  Deponent  immediately  got  out  of  Bed  mounted  his 
Horse  and  taking  the  said  Sheriff  along  with  him  went  to  the  Place 
where  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  had  lodged  that  night  when 
he  was  informed  that  the  People  had  dispersed  without  doing 
any  mischief  upon  which  he  returned  Home  that  receiving  Infor- 
mation of  three  persons  principally  concerned  in  raising  tlie  said 
Tumult  he  issued  his  warrant  against  them  that  two  of  them 
were  apprehended  and  brought  before  him  and  that  he  bound 
them  by  Recognizance  to  appear  at  the  next  general  Sessions  And 
this  Deponent  further  saith  that  the  next  Day  after  the  Departure 
of  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  Captain  Dean  Father  of  the 
aforesaid  William  and  Willard  Dean  against  whom  as  the  said 
Benjamin  Whiting  told  this  Deponent  Proc-  .3  had  also  issued 
from  the  said  court  of  vice  Admiralty  came  to  Brnltleborough 
tMkt  the  Deponent  advised  him  to  go  to  New  York  and  surrender 
himself  for  Trial  which  he  promised  he  would  do  and  did  go 
with  that  Intent  but  was  taken  on  his  Way  by  the  said  Benjamin 


NSW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


669 


Wbltiag  as  this  Deponent  has  been  informed  and  believes  to  bo 

tnie  «nd  furthec  this  Deponent  saith  not. 

Sam.  WELUSf 
Sworn  this  twentieth  Day  of  August  ) 

In  the  year  of  our  Lord  1770  Before  me  J 

s  Dan  Horsmanden. 


City  of  New  York  ss: ,  James  Duane  of  the  City  of  New  York 
Esq'  being  duly  sworn  by  the  direction  of  his  Honour  the 
Lieutenant  Governor  and  Council  Deposeth  and  saith  That  in 
the  mouth  of  October  in  tlie  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  sixty  nine  he  was  applied  to  by  William 
Dean  and  his  sons  Willard  aud  William  Deane  whom  he  under- 
stood to  be  Inhabitants  of  Windsor  in  the  County  of  Cumber- 
land to  defend  them  on  an  Information  in  the  Court  of  vice 
Admiralty  of  tliis  Province  at  the  suit  of  his  Excellency  John 
Weutworth  Esq''  Surveyor  of  the  King's  woods  in  America  for 
destroying  Pine  Trees  on  which  they  were  then  confined  in  the 
common  Goal  of  the  City  of  New  York  Th^t  the  Deponent 
believing  from  their  Representations  and  several  Depositions  they 
laid  l)etbre  him  that  it  was  a  hard  Prosecution  undertook  their 
Defence  That  The  Deponent  being  of  opinion  that  by  Law 
they  could  not  on  such  a  Prosecution  be  held  to  Bail  moved 
tliat  they  should  be  discharged  on  entring  their  appearance  bud  ' 
they  were  ordered  by  the  court  to  be  held  to  Bail  in  a  large 
sum  for  want  of  which  they  remained  in  close  custody  That 
after  some  time  they  complained  that  the  little  money  they  had 
brought  down  with  them  and  received  from  the  sale  of  their 
Horses  was  expended  and  that  they  had  no  means  purchasing 
the  necessaries  to  support  Life  and  desired  this  Deponent  to 
Intercede  with  the  Judge  to  direct  them  an  allowance  of  Bread 
and  Water  which  they  Represented  they  were  entitled  to  as 
Prisoners  at  the  suite  of  the  Crown  That  the  Deponent  accord- 
ingly mentioned  their  Request  to  the  Judge  who  declared  he  had 
no  power  to  direct  such  Provision  That  some  time  afterwards 
This  Deponent  was  informed  That  the  said  William  Deane  the 
Father  was  in  Treaty  with  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  one  of  the 


li"- 


■  U 


I'll 


rV  i ! 


•  i 


^^SS 


I    i 


i<.f 


if 


660 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


ifi,»' ' 


WTfJ 


Judges  o.  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the  said  County  of 
Cumberlund  for  a  sale  of  his  the  said  William  Dean's  Effects  on 
his  Farm  at  Windsor  aforesaid  in  order  to  raise  money  tliero- 
from  for  the  support  of  himself  and  his  sons  in  tlieir  Confine- 
ment.    That  tjjis  Deponant  is  not  certain  whether  tlie  sale  so 
intended  was  first  mentioned  to  him  by  William  Deane  or  Mr 
Wells  but  tills  Deponent  well  remembers  tliat  M""  Wells  advised 
will  I  iiini  on  tlie  measure  and  tlmt  tliis  Deponent  approved  of 
it  as  legal  in  itself  and  as  an  act  of  Humanity  towards  DeaiiM 
and  hi:,  cliildren  whom  lie  considered  as  in  tlie  greatest  distress 
and  this  Deponent  furtlier  saith  tliat  to  prevent  any  misinter- 
pretation tliat  miglit  be  ma'de  of  the  said  intended  sale  to  the 
Disadvantage  of  M'  Wells  he  advised  that  tlie  Judge  of  tlie 
admiralty  should  be  informed  of  the  said  intended  sale  before 
the  same  should  be  carried  into  Execution  That  this  Deponent 
waited  upon  the  Judge  of  the  Admiralty  with  M"-  Wells  as  lie 
believes  and  informed  him,  thereof  accordingly  and  that  it  was 
the  only  means  which  the  Deponent  could  think  of  to  prevent 
the  said  William  Dean  and  his  sons-  from  suffering  or  perisliing 
for  want  of  sustenance  or  something  to  that  effect  That  to  tlie 
best  of  this  Deponents  Rememberance  the  Judge  of  the  Admi- 
ralty made  no  objection  nor  shewed  the  least  dislike  thereto. 
And  this  Deponent  saitli  Tliat  the  transfer  to  M""  Well's  of  the 
effects  of  the  said  William  Deane  was  drawn  by  one  of  the 
Deponents  clerks  and  that  he  verily  believes  from  what  passed 
at.that  time  and  from  the  Behaviour  and  Conversation  of  M' 
Wells  that  it  was  an  Act  of  Benevolence  and  Humanity  in  M' 
Wells  to  Deane  and  his  two  sons  without  which  this  Deponent 
verily  believes  they  must  have  suffered  greatly  unless  they  had 
been  relieved  by  Charity  as  they  appeared  to  this  Deponent  to 
be  strangers  and  Friendless  in  this  City  and  further  tliis  Depo- 
nent saith  not.  '    •?  V  ... 

'  *i, ;   t    Jas  Duane. 

Sworn  tlie  28"' day  of  September  {       4  »       :         .., 
Anno  Dom:  1770  Before  me.      ) 

(Endorsed)  Deposition  of  James  Duane  respecting  tlie  Cora- 
plaint  of  Governour  Wentworth's  against  Judge 
Wells.     " 


irXW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


^1 


PROCLAMATIOxN  FOR  APPREHENDING  CERTAIN  RIOTERS. 

By  his  Excellency  the  Right  Honourable  John,  Earl  of  Dunmorc, 
Captain  General  and  Governor  in  Cliief,  in  and  over  the 
Pi-ovince  of  New-York,  and  the  Territories  depending  there- 
on in  America,  Chancellor,  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  same. 

A  PROCLAMATION. 

Wliereas  in  pursuance  of  An  Act  of  the  Legislature  of  this  Pro- 
vince, entitled  ^n  Act  for  the  more  effectual  collecting  his  Maja- 
ty's  Quit-Rents  in  the  Colony  of  JVIqio-  York,  and  for  Partition  of 
lands  in  order  thereto;  Commissioners  and  a  Surveyor  were 
appoiutvid  to  make  Partition  of  certain  Lots,-  Parcel  of  a  larger 
Tract  of  Land,  situate  on  the  East  Side  of  Hudson's  River,  in  the 
County  of  Albany^  called  Wallumschaack^  granted  to  James  De 
lanccy,  Gerardus  Stuyvesant,  Esquires,  and  others,  by  Letters 
Patent  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  said  Province,  bearing  Date 
the  fifteenth  Day  of  July,  One  thousand  seven  hundred  and 
thirty  nine:  And  the  sajd  Commissioners  in  the  Execution  of 
their  Duty,  being  employed  in  surveying  the  said  Lots,  were  on 
the  nineteen  til  Day  of  October ,  One  tliousand  seven  hundred  and 
sixty  nine,  interrupted  and  opposed  by  a  Number  of  armed  Men, 
tumultuously  and  riotously  assembled  for  the  declared  Purpose 
,  of  preventing  the  said  Partition,  wlio  by  open  Force  compelled 
the  Surveyor  to  desist  from  the  said  Survey,  and  by  insults  and 
Menaces,  so  intimidated  the  Commissioners  as  to  oblige  them  to 
relinquish  at  that  Time,  any  further  Attempt  to  discharge  the 
Trust  reposed  in  them:  And  whereas  the  Proprietors  of  the  said 
Patent,  and  other  Lands  held  in  Virtue  of  the  Grants  of  this 
Province,  finding  Claims  against  their  Right,  set  up  under  the 
Government  of  J\rcw-Hampshire,  did  cause  divers  Ejectments  to 
he  brought  for  Tryal  of  the  Title  to  the  said  Lands,  and  at  the 
Circuit  Court  lield  for  tlie  City  and  County  of  Albany,  in  Jun§ 
last,  obtained  tliree  several  Verdicts  by  special  Juries ;  from 
whence  it  was  hoped  that  the  riotous  Spirit  would  subside,  which 
had  so  long  prevailed,  to  the  great  Injury  of  tliat  Part  of  the 
Country :  Wliereupon  the  Owners  of  the  said  Patent  of  Wdllunh 


'i 


' 


<  ft 


I'  'irl 


\i\ 


I  ? 


\ 


i'i^iiii 


9^2 


CONTROVXilBY   RUPECTfWO  THE 


'.«. 


Sr  ■'■US  /'I  ''v    ■  *?  ♦  >  <  '   ,  ■   i    ^1 


1 


'  I      ' 


h""- 


tchaacky  directed  the  Commissioners  to  resume  and  cow>f  •  <b  4]^^ 
Partition  aforetoid  ;  who  on  the  twenty  sixth  Day  of  iS     ,   ,;  ., 
now  last  past,  In  the  Execution  of  tiie  said  Trust,  wei;.  agaju 
•opposed  and  prevented  from  effecting  the  said  Partition,  by  q 
'riotous  and  tumultuous  Body  of  Men,  openly  avowing,  in  Oppo- 
'*gltion  to  the  Title  and  Jurisdiction  of  this  Province,  that  those 
■Lands  were  held  by  them  under  JWw-/fampMt>e;  and  Informa- 
tion being  given  me,  that  such  repeated  Acts  of  Violence  liave 
chiefly  arisen  from  an  Expectation  that  his  Majesty's  Kova] 
'^Decision  in  Privy  Council  of  the  twentieth  day  of  Ju/y,  1764 
Hrhereby  the  western  Banks  of  Connecticut.  River,  are  adjudged 
to  be  the  Boundary  between  the  two  I^ovinc'es, — would  be 
''fftcinded,  and  the  Lands  on  the  West  Side  of  that  River,  be 
^annexed  to  Xew-Hampshire.    To  prevent  the  Disorders  that 
■might  be  occasioned  by  so  groundless  a  Delusion,  I  have  thought 
^^roper  to  signify  that  I  have  the  highest  Reason  to  think  it  jg 
■  *Ms  Majesty's  fixed  Resolution  to  adhere  to  his  said  Royal  Deci- 
*iion,  and  to  leave  this  Government  in  the  full  Enjoyment  of  its 
J  ancient  Rights,  as  bounded  upon  the  said  Connecticut  River. 
,  And  it  further  appearing*  by  Proof  on  Oath,  that  Simeon  Hatha- 
"^Wn/j  Moses  Scott y  Jonathan  Phisk,  and  Silas  Robinson,  all  of  the 
(  'County  of  Albany,  Yeomen,  were  among  the  principal  Authors 
'6f,  and  Actors  in  the  last  mentioned  Riot  and  Breach  of  the 
'Peace:    In  order  therefore  to  bring  the  said  Offenders  to  condign 
^  -Punishment,  and  that  others  warned  by  their  Example,  may  be 
j  'deterred  from  tiie  Commission  of  such  evil  Practices  for  the 
'  'ftiture,  I  have  thought  fit,  by  and  with  the  Advice  of  his  Majes- 
ty's Council,  to  issue  this  Proclamation,  hereby  strictly  command- 
ping  and  requiring  the  Sheriff  of  the  City  and  County  of  Many, 
']  to  apprehend  and  take  all  and  every  the  before  named  Rioters 
"  and  Offenders,  and  thera  to  commit  to  safe  and  secure  Custody, 
'  to  answer  for  their  several  Offences,  and  to  be  dealt  with  accord- 
'•'^Ing  to  Law:  And  for  that  Pnrposeif  it  shall  be  necessary,  to  raise 
•■^'AUd  take  to  his  Assistance,  the  Posse  Comitatus,  or  whole  Power 
'bt  the  County:  And  all  Magistrates,  Officers,  and  Ministers  of 
^^-^Justicc,  are  hereby  enjoined  and  required  to  give  their  Aid  and 
'^  'Assistance,  not  only  in  apprehending  tlie  said  several  Offenders, 
^  and  committing  them  to  safe  Custody,  but  in  preventing  and 


NSW  HAMPSIIIBC  GRANTS. 


663 


suppressing  all  ftiture  Riots  and  Disorders  of  the  like  dangerous 
Tendency. 

GIVEN  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms,  at  Fort  George,  in 
the  City  of  New  York,  the  first  Day  of  November,  One  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  seventy,  in  the  eleventh  Year  of  the  Reign 
of  our  Sovereign  Lord  George  tlie  Third,  by  the  Grace  of  God, 
of  Great  Britain,  France,  and  Ireland,  King,  Defender  of  the 
Faltli,  and  so  forth. 

DVNMOBE. 

By  His  Excellency's  Command, 
Ow.  Bamyab,  D.  Secry. 

GoD  Save  the  Kino. 


■■\\ 


.' 


^^y  ^'1 


.     \- 


.  i 

,1 


/ii 


PETITION  SFROM  CUMBERLAND  AND  GLOUCESTER 
TO  THE  KING. 

To  the  King's  most  Excellent  Majesty. 
The  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  in  behalf  of  themselves  and 
others.  Inhabitants  of  the  Province  of  New  York  in  the 
Counties  of  Cumberland  &  Gloucester,  on  the  West  side  of 
Connecticut  River. 
Most  humbly  Sheweth  •      .        - 

That  your  Majesty's  Colony  of  New  York  was  anciently 
bounded  to  the  eastward  by  Connecticut  River,  the  Grant  from 
King  Charles  the  Second  to  James  Duke  of  York  in  1663|4  com- 
prehending in  express  terms  ;  "All  the  lands  from  the  West 
side  of  Connecticiit  River  to  tlie  East  Side  of.Deleware  Bayj" 
While  your  Mujq?lys  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  tlie  Limits 
whereof  were  first  ascertained  about  the  year  1739  is  confined 
in  its  extent  westward  to  your  Majesty's  other  Governments. 

That  notwithstanding  this  clear  designation  of  Boundary  to 
each  Province  New  Hampshire  proceeded  to  make  Grants  of  the 
Lands  westward  of  the  River  Connecticut,  and  the  matter  tit 
length  coming  under  your  Majcstys  consideration,  your  Majesty 
was  pleased  by  your  Royal  order  of  the  20'>>  of  July  1764, 
finally  to  determine  and  declare  th§  Western  banks  of  Connect!- 


B<     ■'..'. 


664 


CONTROVCRST  RESPECTING  THE 


i^mi^-i. 


l!r"T^  UTAH-  f j'-'j.j  ^HLpjAfj ^  *  &  V    A 


"^       7 


r'"**^ 


h''^"i' 


cut  river  from  where  it  enters  the  Province  of  the  Massachus^ts 
Bay  as  far  as  the  45»''  degree  of  nortliern  Latitude,  to  be  the 
boundary  Line  between  the  Provinces  of  New  Hampshire  and 
New  York. 

That  in  the  year  1768,  an  ordinance  was  passed  in  your 
Majesty's  name  and  under  your  Majestys  Seal  of  New  Yorlc 
erecting  part  of  the  Lands  on  the  west  side  of  Connecticut  river 
.  into  a  new  County  by  the  name  of  Cumberland  ;  and  on  the 
16«''  of  March  in  the  present  year,  a  lilie  ordinance  passed 
erecting  anotlier  county  to  the  northward  of  the  ibrmer,  by  the 
name  of  Gloucester ;  in  consequence  whereof  proper  courts 
have  been  established  and  organized,  &  justice  duely  adminis- 
tered, as  in  tlie  otlier  Counties  within  your  Majistys  Province  of 
New  York,  to  tlie  great  comfort  ease  and  happiness  of  your 
Petitioners,  and  other  your  Majesty's  loyal  &  faitliful  subjects, 
who  hoped  to  have  enjoyed  uninterruptedly  the  fruits  of  their 
industry  in  Peace  and  tranquillity. 

That  in  tlie  month  of  June  last,  a  number  of  disorderly  per- 
sons seated  in  the  townsliip  of  Windsor  in  the  County  of  Cum- 
berland, assembled  in  a  riotous  manner,  &  by  threats  obstructed 
the  proceedings  of  the  Court  of  Common  pleas;  pretending 
that  tlie  Magistrates  &  Civil  Officers  were  unauthorized ;  that 
no  obedience  was  due  to  them  ;  that  the  Jurisdiction  belonged  to 
the  Government  of  New  Hampsliirej  That  your  Majesty's  Royal 
Order  aforesaid  would  soon  be  rescinded  ;  and  ttie  Lands  thereby 
declared  as  part  of  your  Majesty's  Colony  of  New  York,  be  decreed 
to  appertain  fur  the  future  to  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire. 

That  residing  near  the  borders  of  the  two  Governments,  the 
said  riotous  persons  have  eluded  the  publick  justice,  by  flight 
into  New  Hampshire  ;  and  confederating  with  divers  inhabitants 
there;  have  promoted  a  spirit  of  disorder  and  disobedience  to 
the  authority  of  your  Majestys  Government  of  New  York,  by 
Signing  and  procuring  the  subscriptions  of  many  persons  in  both 
provinces  ( >  a  Petition,  tlie  avowed  purpose  of  whicli  is  the 
change  of  Jurisdiction. 

That  your  Petitioners  are  persuaded  this  measure  is  calculated 
to  elude  the  punishment  due  to  those  lawless  trangre^sors :  to 
promote  t'.ic  interests  of  individuals,  who  have  made  a  traffic  of 


lire  is  calculated 
trangre^sors :  to 
nade  a  traffic  of 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


665 


the  New  Hampshire  titles,  and  to  aggrandize  the  family  of  the 
late  Governour  Wentworth,  for  whose  benefit  reservations  of 
Land  were  made  in  all  the  numerous  Grants  which  he  thought 
proper  to  pass.  ,"While  your  Petitioners  have  the  greatest  reason 
to  think  it  will  if  adopted  prove  highly  dtssatisfactory  and 
prejudicial  to  the  Body  of  Inhabitants  in  general,  who  beginning 
to  feel  the  eminent  advantages  of  a  settled  Government,  view 
with  concern  even  the  prospect  of  an  alteration  that  may  again 
expose  them  to  the  difficulties  and  hardships,  with  which  they 
so  lately  contended,  at  the  same  time  that  it  must  be  inevitably 
productive  of  uncertainty  and  confusion  in  titles  and  peculiarly 
grievous  to  a  great  number  of  your  Majesty's  Subjects,  who 
confiding  in  the  Stability  of  your  Majestys  said  royal  order, 
have  purchased  and  seated  themselves  in  that  country  from  an 
immediate  view  of  their  being  connected  with  and  under  the 
protection  of  this  your  Majesty's  Government  of  New  York. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  beseech  your  Majesty 
to  Grant  them  such  releif  as  to  your  Majesty,in  your  great  wisdom 
shall  se6m  meet.  ,     . 

And  your  Majesty's  Petitioners,  as  in  duty  bound,  shall  ever 

Province  of  New  York  ?  . 

l»t  November  1770    (  ■  '    , 


Thomas  Chandler 
Edward  Howe 
Moses  AVrigbt 
SimoQ  Stevons 
Timothy  Spencer 
Daniel  Gill 
Samuel  Scott 
Jehiell  Simmons 
Gftorge  Hall 
Jchebed  Widdoms 
Joseph  Douglas 
Willm  Dean 
Wiilard  Dean 
Wm  Dean  Jiinr 
Jnel  Mathews 
Mo3(i<i  ?]vons 
Z  ■iilocl;  Wright 
Aia  Taylor 
Hitlliia's  Rust 
Lidiiel  Uddcl 
hwoh  Biirtch 
Timotliy  Lull 
Thus  Sumner 
Julia  Peturs 


John  Taplln 
Abner  Fowler 
John  TapHn  junr 
Thos  Butlortlcld 
Thos  Chamberlain 
Wellobuy  Butterfield 
Robt  Ktinnedy 
Ezekiel  Colby 
Jacob  Hall 
Ephrani  Martin  junr 
Daniel  Hall 
Jonathan  Bnttorflcld 
David  Sleeper 
David  Davis 
Benjamin  Jenkins 
Stephen  McConnel 
Obededom  Sanders 
Matthew  Miller 
Amos  Oavis 
Eidiiaim  Morton 
i^ml  Gott 
El)ori'cr  Green 
John  Cbnmberlin 
Saml  WIbo 


Bcrv{n  Chamberlin 
Ji  "<eph  Lord 
Thos  Chandler  junr 
Ebencz:  Fullar 
George  Earl 
Johti  Ghandlei 
Benjn  Mann 
Amos  Snow 
Nathan  Earll 
David  Brooks 
Jonhua  Church 
John  Stone  Juni 
John  Nott 
Thomas  Nott 
Daniel  Sanitell 
Gcrtihom  Tuttle 
Thomas  Cntlar 
Wm  McCoy 
Joel  Mersh 
Ehenezpr  Parkhnrst 
Alexander  Briuuic 
Henry  Bra-rR 
Jonath  Ocor 
Midad  Benton 


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666  * 

Elislia  Bnrton 
John  Sargent 
Joseph  Hatch 
John  Hatch 
S(.mi  Patddge 
John  Wright 
Jacob  Fowler  jun 
Jacob  Fowler 
Ephraim  Collins 
Hugh  Miller 
John  Sawyer 
Saml  McDuffey 
John  Morton 
Wm  Bell 
Jesse  McFarland 
Ebenez:  Morton 
David  Thomson 
James  Horner 
James  Aikin 
Hezekiah  SiUiway 
Jas  Fennock 
Jesse  Pennock 
Ezekiel  Parish 
Isaac  Baldwin 
Peter  Pernueck 
Josiah  Goodrich 
Penuel  Deming 
Wm  Symes 
Moses  Johnsonjunr 
Ebenczcr  Fullar  jun 
David  Heaton 
Thos  Temple 
John  Abbe 
Jonath  Fullar 
Robert  Crook 
Oliver  Lovell 
Oliver  Coray 
Fairbank  More 
Silvaniis  Titus 
Jacob  ^towf  1 
Timothv  Lo\'cll 
Elias  Aleott 
Saml  Laerabee 
Samuel  Taylor    > 
Joseph  Wood 
John  Wiiit 
Wm  Simmons 
Thoioiis  Stcbbins 
Wm  Steady 
Zebediab  Woodwarth 
Colbnrn  Preston 
John  Lovcl 
Elijah  Lovcl 
Jonathavi  A¥bUc 
Lemuel  White 
Jonathan  Tarbcl 
Tobias  Barney 
Tim:  Olcott 
John  Btone 
Thos  Stone 
ITezokiali  TToaro 
Cyrus  Whiteoon»b 


CXUrTROVEBST  m^FECTING  THE 


Ebenr  Ilolton 
David  Hutchinson 
David  Wood 
Noah  Porter 
Oliver  Startwel 
Page  Harriman 
Paul  Spooner 
Benjn  Birch 
Uriah  Morse 
Nathaniel  Martin 
Samuel  Miller 
Jas  Miller 
Benoni  Wright 
David  Kennedy 
Wm  Thomson 
Daniil  West 
Aroii  Pennock 
Samuel  Pennock 
Eleazer  Goodrich 
Abner  Reeve 
Silas  Hamilton 
Francis  Whitmore 
Isaac  Barrett 
Solomon  Phclpa 
Luke  Brown 
Barnabas  Russel 
Joseph  Jackson 
Isaac  McCane 
Daniel  Sargent 
Dennis  Lochling 
Danl  Kathan 
Alexander  Kathan 
John  Kathan 
John  Kathan  Junr 
Wm  More 
Saml  Allen 
Wm  Wiman 
Jonas  More 
Moses  Coles 
Joshua  Parker 
Amos  Hall 
Charles  Kathan 
Noah  Sabin  Junior 
Oliver  Wyman 
Andw  Grimes 
Benjamin  Wilson 
Joseph  Fuller 
Jonathan  Houghton 
James  Cumins 
Jeremiah  Cumins 
Francis  Comins 
Joshua  Hide 
Samuel  Wheat 
James  Snow 
Matthew  Cushing 
Nonh  Cushing 
Ephraim  Pierce 
Abija  Moore 
Ruf'us  More 
Elisha  Avers 
Jonathn  Lockland 
Asa  Uolget 


% 


Abraham  Carly 
John  Butler 
A4ron  Gary 
Leonard  Spanlding 
Nehemiah  Howe 
Joseph  Ilartwell 
Ephraim  Wilcox 
Richard  Barton 
Saml  Partridge  junr 
Jas  Andrews 
Samuel  Wells 
Timothy  Church 
Joseph  Burt 
Joseph  Burt  junr 
Willm  Brace 
Shadrich  Ball 
Joel  Aitchison 
Wm  King 
Jacob  Balk 
Oliver  Cook 
Ebenezer  Fisher 
Nathaniel  Stedman 
Ebenezer  Church 
Reuben  Field 
Nathan  Gould 
Reuben  Bump 
Thos  Farrand 
John  Houghton 
Sawyer  Wright 
Elijah  Prouty 
John  Pike        '      H 
Tilley  Wilder 
Isaac  Robinson 
John  Serjeant 
Nathan  Church  jnnr 
Seth  Andrews 
James  Nickels 
Ebenezer  Haws 
Lemuel  Kendrick 
Levi  Baldwin 
John  Baldwin 
Benjn  Gould 
Natiianiel  Church 
Jonathn  Herrick 
John  Compen 
John  Davis  jimr 
Elijah  Alvard 
Caleb  Alward 
John  Davis 
Jonathn  Rogors 
Saml  Davis 
John  Mayo 
Lemuel  Mayo 
Samuel  Skinner 
Samuel  Minott 
Benjn  Hatch 
John  Bennett 
Nathan  AViiiiams 
Jonas  Shopard 
Jas  Henderson 
Joseph  Williams 
Saml  Woodard 


*-i    JN»i'' 


)\ 


Robert  Pattbon 
Anthf  Morrel 
Tf  m  Coper 
^m  Gate 
Saml  Clark 
Benjn  Baker 
jojiah  Clark 
Joieph  Steward 
Thos  Clark 
Vm  Gretes 
Abner  Rice 
Bnfiis  ShepheM 
Petter  Pattison 
Samuel  Clark  jr 
James  Gary  .just 
Isaac  Orr 
James  Roberts 
jas  Woodward 

Seth  Knowell 

Joseph  Lyon's 

Ebenezer  Brooks 

Danie'  Shepherdson 

Saml  Allen 

Aquila  Cleveland 

Zaoheus  Farnsworth 

Asaph  Carpenter 

Moses  Smith 

David  Weeks 

Benjn  Carpenter 

Henry  Hix 

Wm  Cranny 

Vm  Brace  junr 

Obadiah  Gill 

Josepli  Chamberlin 

Wm  Nickolls 

Jasper  Patridge 

Joseph  Griffith 

Ebenr  Davis 

Ebenezer  Davis  junr 

Eliphalet  Pearce 

Samuel  Morse 

Joseph  Perry 

J  "in  Perry 

Moses  Perry  ' 

Solomon  Perry 

Jacob  Burton 

Azariah  Stodcr 

Elisha  Partridge 

Israel  Curtis 

Ebenezer  Harr* 

David  Toy 

Ebenezer  Parish 

Simeon  Smith 

George  Lyons 

Samuel  Clark 

Jnnathn  Crawford 

Elisha  Pratt 

Samuel  Brown 

David  Rich 


RSW  HAMPSHIBR  GBANTS. 


«67 


Ebenezer  Sabine 
Wm  Wilson 
Elijah  Clarke 
Elkanah  Glev  Jand 
John  Bolton 
Wm  Henderson 
Henry  Henderson 
Jno  Henderson 
Samuel  Morrison 
Jacob  Shepard 
Benjn  Henry 
3amuel  Ha'.vs 
Wm  Scott 
Nathan  Willcocks 
Hngh  Bolton 
Wm  Bullock 
William  McCune 

John  Ellis 

Thos  Ellis 

Benjn  Gortou 

Ephraim  Knapp 

Jesse  Frost 

Benjn  Butterfield  Junr 

Samuel  Button 

Thos  Cook 

Joshua  Wilder 

Saml  Wilder 

Elias  Wilder  junr 

Solomon  Ball 

John  Mark 

Asa  Davis 

Thomas  Crowfoot 

Michael  Lovel 

Danl  Whipple 

Wm  Williams 

Elisha  Harding 

John  Grout 

Saml  Knight 

Benjn  Butterfield 

Gad  Smith 

Oliver  Wilson 

Josiah  Jenkins 

Thos  Serjeant 

Jonathn  Ilobbs 

Malachi  Ohnrch 

Abner  Newton 

Henry  Wells 

Oliver  Harris 

Oliver  Harris  junr 

William  Harris 

Benoni  Smith 

John  Camp 

Joseph  Scott 

Thomas  Whiting 

Jas  Colter 

Murdock  Smith 

Saml  Brown 
.  Amos  Whiting 


John  Shepcrdson 
Daniel  Whittaker 
Joel  Cutler 
Josiah  Allen 
Wm  Kamsdale 
Francis  Rice 
Oliver  Dinsmoore 
Noah  Weld 
Nathaniel  Smith 
Totham  Begle 
Wm  Larkin 
Israel  Field 
Ahel  Storkwell 
Wm  Ellas  ' 

Richard  Prouty 
David  Church 
Jacob  Spaulding 
Abner  Scouell 
Joseph  Marks 
Samuel  Darly 
Josiah  Davis 
Nathan  Davis 
David  Davis 
Chipman  Swift 
Jesse  Griffeth ' 
Benjn  Dyer 
Saml  Kent 
Josiah  Crimp 
John  Alexander 
Jonas  Knapp 
James  King 

Isaac  Gaill 

Ithamar  Goodcnougb 

John  Camp 
Jonathan  Penney 

Samuel  Bennett 

Ephraim  Whitney 

Elezer  Grovis 

James  Denis 

David  Ayers 

John  Barney 

Seth  Whitaker 

Jonathan  Goodenot 

Jedediah  Wpod 

Manasah  Bixby 

Ebenezer  Goodcnough 

Daniel  Boyden 

Ebenezer  Fox 

Thorns  Wooley 

Ephraim  Whitney 

Joseph  Stibbinst 

Eliezr  Paterson 

Saml  Stratton 

Israel  Rowley 

David  Lindesay 

William  Johnson 

Jonathan  Church 

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CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE 


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PETITION  FOR  THE  CONFIRMATION  BY  NEW  YORK  OP 
CERTAIN  N.  H.  GRANTS. 

To  His  Excellency  the  Right  Hon^ie  John  Earl  of  Duumore 
'  Captain  General  &  Governor  in  chief  in  &  over  the 

Province  of  New  York  &  tlie  territories  depending 
thereon  in  America,  Chancellor  &  vice  Admiral  of 
tlie  Same. 
The  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  inhabitants  of  certain  lands 
on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  river  iu  tlie  Province  of 
New  York. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  i'rom  the  amiable  character  your  Petitioners  have  repeat- 
edly had  of  the  benevolence  of  your  Lordsliip's  disposition  as 
well  as  permanent  qualities  &  distinguished  abilities,  tiiey  are 
induced  to  approach  your  Lordsliip  witli  their  Supplications. 

That  a  Controversy  liath  unhappily  subsisted  for  some  years 
between  the  Governments  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire, 
relative  to  the  validity  of  tlie  Grants  formerly  issued  by  the 
latter,  which  has  proved  extremely  detrimental  both  to  the 
interest  of  the  Crown  and  this  part  of  the  Country,  by  impeding 
the  Settlement  thereof. 

Tliat  your  Petitioners  liave  respectively  seated  themselves aad 
families  upon  the  Lands  so  granted  to  them  on  the  West  side  ol 
the  river  Connecticut,  cultivated  and  improved  the  same  in  pur- 
suance of  and  agreeable  to  their  said  Grants,  conceiving  their 
Title  to  be  good  and  effectual  untill  after  the  arrival  of  His 
Majesty's  royal  Order  in  his  Privy  Council  of  the  20ti'  day  of 
July  17G1,  ascertaining  tlie  eastern  Limits  of  the  Provinceof 
New  York  to  be  at  the  western  banks  of  the  said  river  Connec- 
ticut. 

Tliat  your  Petitioners  are  now  desirous  of  holding  the  same 
under  the  Government  of  New  York,  if  they  can  obtain  a  con- 
firmation of  the  Lands  so  by  tliem  respectively  improved  on 
moderate  fees,  &,  under  tlic  Provisoes,  limitations  and  restrictions 
prescribed  in  His  Mitjestys  instructions  to  your  Lordsliip,  and 
that  tlie  other  Lands  situate  westward  of  said  river,  not  improved 
and  cultivated  us  aforesaid,  may  be  granted  on  the  usual  terms, 


t  ■ 


EaiiofDunmore 
lief  in  &  over  the 
itories  depending 
vice  Admiral  of 

tsof  certain  lands 
u  the  Province  of 


)ners  have  repeat- 
p's  disposilion,  as 
ibilities,  they  are 

Supplications, 
ed  for  some  years 

New  Hampshire, 
rly  issued  by  the 
!ntal  both  to  the 
ntry,  by  impeding 

ed  tliemselves  aad 
1  tlie  West  side  ol 
d  the  same  in  pur- 
,  conceiving  their 
;he  arrival  of  His 
if  the  20"'  day  of 
f  the  Province  of 
said  river  Connec- 

holding  the  same 
can  obtain  acon- 
ively  imjiruved  on 
ons  and  restrictions 
our  Lords!iip,and 
liver,  not  improved 
in  the  usual  terms, 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


660 


as  also  tlie  Lands  on  the  west  side  of  the  green  mountains  to 
saeh  persons  as  applied  lor  the  same. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  pray  that,  as  they 
have  expended  their  worldly  substance  upon  the  Premisses,  and 
are  tliereby  rendered  wholly  unable  to  pay  the  Patent  fees  de- 
manded by  the  late  Governor  in  chief  of  this  Province  for  the 
Lands  so  cultivated,  that  your  Lordship  will  be  favourably 
pleased  in  tender  Compassion  to  your  Petitioners,  and  their 
helpless  and  distressed  families  to  represent  this  their  Case  to  His 
Majesty,  not  doubting  but  he  will  be  graciously  pleased  to  take 
the  same  into  his  princely  Consideration,  and  give  such  relief 
therein  as  shall  to  him  seem  meet. 

And  your  Petitioners  shall  as  in  duty  bound,  ever  pray  &o. 

Province  of  New  York 
3  December  1770. 


Jesje  Frost 

Bcnj;  Butterfield  junr 
Levi  Baldwin 
John  Baldwin 
Lemuel  Kendrick 
Nathll  Church 
Jonathan  Uerrik 
Tbos  Cook 
JohnCompton 
Abner  Reeve 
Joshua  Wilden 
Jasper  Portrigic 
Saml  Wells 
Josiah  White 
Filley  Wilder 
Imc  Robinson 
Joha  Sergeants 
Nathaniel  Church  junr 
Sethan  Emers 
Willm  Bruce  junr 
Obadiah  Gill 
Jo3;  Chamberlain 
Abner  Scwell 
WiUra  NicoUs 
James  NicoUs 
Ebenezar  Haws 
John  ma 
Thos  illlis 
Benjn  Gorton 
Epbraim  Knap 
Thos  Chandler 
Joel  Atcheson 
Willm  King 
Jacob  Ball 

Nathaniel  Seedraan 
Oliver  Cook 
Ebeuezcr  Filkin 


Israel  Church 
Keubeu  Field     * 
Nathan  Gould 
Reuben  Bump 
Thos  Farrand 
John  Houghfon 
Sawyer  Wright 
Elijah  Prouty 
Wm  Cranny 
John  Pike 
Nath:  Frost 
Wm  Bullock 
Jereld  Field 
Wm  McLaine 
Benj :  Carpenter 
Henry  Hox 
Abel  Wetherd 
Wm  Ellas 
Richd  Prouty 
David  Church 
Jacob  Spaiilding 
Timothy  Church 
Joseph  Burt 
Joseph  Burt  junr 
Wm  Bruce 
Shatruh  Bull 
Peter  Pattiso;* 
David  WillifiiTis 
Samuel  Clark  junr 
Isaac  Orr 
James  Cary  junr 
Ja?  Roberts 
Jas  Woodard 
Scth  Knowlo 
Jos:  Lyons 
Ebt'nrzer  Brooks 
Daul  Shephcrdsou 


Samuel  Allen 
Aquila  Clealand 
Zacheus  Farnswortb 
Asaph  Carpeutei 
Moses  Smith 
David  Weeks 
Jonas  Sheperd 
Samuel  Woodard 
Joseph  Williams 
Robt  Pattison 
Wm  Cooper 
Wm  Gala 
Saml  Clark 
Josiflh  Clark 
Benjamin  Baker 
,To8fl^>h  Stewart 
Thos  Clack 
Wm  C/'rclls 
Abner  Rice 
Elijah  Clarke 
John  Bolton 
Nathan  Williams 
Wm  Henderson 
Henry  Henderson    .. 
Jno  Henderson 
Samuel  Morrison 
Jacob  Shepard 
Benjn  Henry 
Saml  Stewart 
William  Scott 
Nathan  Willcock 
Hugh  Bolton 
Rufus  Shepard 
Ebenezer  Harris 
Francis  Rice 
Oliver  Din^more 
Noah  Weld 


i-- 


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NAtlianl  Smith 
David  Joy 
Williftm  Larkin 
Ebev  '.er  Parish 
SiiD  «a  Smith 
G^rge  Lyons 
Saml  Glarlie 
Jonathn  Safford 
Samuel  Brown 
Eliaha  Preth 
Ebenezer  Sabin 
David  Rich 
Wm  Wilson 
Abner  Newton 
Oliver  Harris  junior 
Olliver  Harris 
WraGoflf 
Job  Gamp 
Bcnoni  Snrtth 
Josiah  Scott  ;• 

i'iionias.  Wliiting 
James  Cutler 
Murudach  B.  Smith 
Samuel  Brown 
Amos  Whiting 
John  Slinjierdson 
Saml  Whitaker 
Jovl  Gutlar 
Joshua  Allen 
Wm  Kamsdol 
Wir.  Williams 
Elifiha  Harding 
John  Grout 
Israel  Curtis 
Henry  Wells 
Saml  Knight 
Benjn  Butterfleld 
Jotitan  Eiglo 
Gad  Smith 
Josiah  Deakins 
Oliver  Wilson 
Thomas  Serjantp 
Jonathn  Hobb? 
MalachlChu  ch    • 
Nathaniel  Lrown 
Joseph  ^'upados 
Saml  FVlcinner 
Sami  Minott 
Ap.on  Alexander 
Joseph  Perry 
John  Perry  ' 

Mosps  Perry 
Solomon  Perry     ' 
Robbart  Crook 
Ephraim  AV^ilcox 
Miclmel  Lovel 
Oliver  LovflU 
Oliver  Corey 
Fftirbank  Moor© 
Silvanus  Titus 
Jacob  Tloriiliock 
Timothv  LoveU 
Elios  Oilcott 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTINQ  THE 


Saml  Larrabee 
Saml  Taylor 
Joseph  Woods 
John  Wait 
Wm  Snowe 
Thos  Hubbort 
William  Ohilds 
Jedediah  Woodwartb 
Colburn  Preston 
John  Lovel 
Elijah  Lovel 
Jonath:  White 
Lemuel  White 
Jonathan  Tarl«el 
Joseph  Douglas 
Gorphon  Tuttle 
Joseph  Lord 
Thos  Chandler    ■ 
Ebenezer  Millar 
George  Earll 
John  Chandler 
Abel  Barney 
Timothy  Olcott 
John  Stone 
Thos  Stone 
Hczekiah  Hoare 
Cyrus  Whitcomb 
Eben  Holton 
David  Hutchinson 
David  Wooil 
Edward  How  ■ 

Nathan  F.arll 
David  iSrooks 
Joshua  Church- 
John  Stone  Jum 
Moses  Wright 
Noah  Porter 
John  Nott 
Thos  Nott 
Daniel  Saurell 
Jacob  Sadwell 
Simon  Stevens 
Timothy  Spencer 
Noah  Tenlevett 
Page  Harrineau 
Daniel  Gill 
Samuel  Scott 
George  Hall 
Jekiel  Symmons 
Johobat  Meddoms 
Silr,s  Hamilton 
Francis  Whitmore 
Isaac  Barrett 
Solomon  Phelj.s 
Luke  Brown 
Dennis  Lorkling 
Daniel  Kathan 
Alexr  Kathan 
John  Kathan 
John  Kathan  Junr 
Wm  More 
Saml  Allen 
Wm  Wiman 


Jonas  Moore 
Moses  Cole 
Joshua  Parker 
Amos  Hail 
Ohas  Kathan 
Noah  Sabin  junr 
Oliver  Wyman 
Andrew  Armcs 
Benjn  Willson 
Joseph  Fuller 
Jonathn  Houghton 
James  Gomyng 
Francis  Comins 
Jas  Comins  junr 
Noah  Sabin 
Ephraim  Pierce 
Asa  Hollget 
Abraham  Easly 
Jonathn  Lochlcg 
Aaron  Garrey 
Samuel  Moore 
John  Davis  junr 
Johij  Morks 
JoS:  Piiillips 
Saml  Darby 
Josiah  Davis 
Nathan  Davis 
Asa  Davis 
Thos  Cropot 
David  Davis 
Chipman  Swill 
Elijah  Alvord 
Caleb  Alvord 
John  Davis 
Jonathan  Raynes 
Saml  Davis 
Joseph  Griffith 
Elijah  Davis 
Ebenezer  Davis 
Jesse  Griffith 
John  Mayo 
Linnel  Mayo 
Barnabas  Hussel 
Joseph  Jackson 
Isac  McLain 
Daniel  Sargent 
James  Luon 
Matthew  Gushing 
Noah  Gushing 
John  Butler 
Elizaphet  Peace 
Leonard  Spalding 
Benjamin  Jenkiai 
David  Deing 
John  Morton 
Wm  Bill 

Stephen  McConnell 
Obadiah  Sanders 
Mathew  Miller 
Amos  Davis 
Ephraim  Morton 
Jesve  Mcfarland 
Ebenezer  Morten 


i') 


pavid  Thomson 
James  Horner 
James  Aiken 
Kathaniel  Martin 
Samuel  Gott 
Samuel  Miller 
James  Miller 
BcnoniWrigbt 
Epliraira  Martin  Jr 
V^  Thomson 
David  Kennbdy 
John  Bennet 
Fennel  Darning 
rmiiuis  Halding 
Xoaes  Johiison 
Jai  Andrews 
gamael  Kent 
Josiah  Baring 
Daniel  Whipple 
jolin  Alexandei 
JoD»5  Knapp 
Jfi  King 
isaiaii  Gale 

Ithman  Goodcnougn 
joiinGpjnp 
Jonathn'Primy 
Saml  Bennett 
Epliraim  Whiness 
Eliezcr  Grover 
James  Denis  '' 

DaviJ  Dalsing 
JohnBurney 
Setii  Whiierlcy 
Jonath  Goodenougii 
Thos  Sumner 
John  Peters 
John  Taplin 


KEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRA^TS. 


Abner  Fowler 
John  Toplington 
Thos  Butterfleld 
Thos  Chamberlain 
Welbe  Buttorfleld 
Kobcrt  Kennedy 
Eliezer  Cosly 
Jacob  Fowler 
Israel  Hall 
Daniel  Hall 
Jacob  Fowler 
Jonathan  Ruterfleld 
Samuel  Daring 
Exterlin  Collins 
David  Sleeper 
Hugh  Miller 
Johu  Sawyer 
Saml  McDuffey 
Jcudiah  "Wiods 
Manassah  Bisby 
Ebenezer  Goodenough 
Danl  Boyden 
Ebenczor  Fox 
Ephraim  Whiting 
Thos  Woole 
Benjn  Dyer 
Jonathou  Church 
Titus  Orme 
John  Sargent 
Joseph  Heath 
John  Hatch 
Saml  Partridge 
John  Wright 
Willm  Dunn 
Willard  Deane 
Wm  Deane  junr 
Thos  Cutlar 


Wm  McCoy 
Joel  Mathews 
Moses  Evans 
Zeidock  Wright 
Matthew  Rust 
Joel  Marsh 
Ebenezer  Bartlet 
Alexn  Brink 
Henry  Brugg 
Lionel  Udal 
Jacob  Gurtch 
Timothy  Sull 
Paul  Spooner 
Benjn  Birch 
Uriah  Morse 
John  String 
David  Beaton 
Elisha  Burton 
Noah  Mite 
Hezekiah  Siloday 
Jas  Pennock 
Ezekial  Parish 
Isaac  Baldwin 
Adorn  Pennock 
Ricbd  Baxter 
Peter  Pennock 
John  ChamberliQ 
Elize  Troen 
Benjn  Chamberlin 
Samuel  Wise 
Josiah  Goodrich 
Eliezer  Goodrich 
Benjn  Hatch 
Jacob  Burton 
Elisha  Partridge 
Saml  Partridge  jr 
Wm  Symes 


6||P 


• 

f  ' 

•  (■ 


I'' 


'■'-{ 


ORDER  TO  PROSECUTE  SILAS  ROBINSON. 

[CounoU  Min.  XXVI.] 

In  Council  IS'i^  December  1770 
Iii3  Excellency  laid  before  the  Board  a  letter  from  Henry  Ten 
Eyck  Junior  Esq,  Sherif  of  Albany  of  the  3d  Inst  signifying  that 
in  obedience  to  his  Excellency's  proclamation  of  the  1»'  ultimo 
for  apprehending  certain  Rioters  therein  named,  he  proceeded 
to  Bennington  and  on  the  29'*>  November  in  company  with  John 
Munro  Esquire,  and  his  LTnder  Sherif,  went  to  the  House  of  Silas 
Robinson  one  of  the  Rioters,  and  there  apprehended  liira  ;  That 
from  the  advice  of  M""  Munro  and  the  Information  he  received 


672 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  Tbci 


\-mM^,! 


1    %  • 


T 


he  judged  it  best  to  return  with  iiis  prisoner  especially  as  he 
was  reported  to  be  one  of  the  principal  among  them,  rather  than 
risque  his  being  rescued;  and  that  the  said  Silas  Robinson  is  now 
a  prisoner  in  his  custody,  wliere  he  shall  keep  him  until  he 
receives  his  Excellency's  farther  Instructions. 

Wliereupon  it  is  ordered  by  his  Excellency  the  Governor 
with  the  advice  of  the  Council,  that  a  copy  of  the  said  Procla- 
mation with  the  Original  Affidavits  touching  the  Riots  therein 
mentioned,  be  delivered  to  his  Majesty's  Attorney  General  of 
this  ProvJncc,  and  that  he  do  prosecute  the  said  Silas  Robinson 
for  the  Matters  with  which  he  so  stands  charged. 


PETITION  OF  CERTAIN  PARTIES  TO  BE  ^lEANNEXED  TO 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

ro  THE  king's  most  EXCELLENT  MAJESTY. 

-  .  In  Council. 
The  Humble  Petition  of  Your  Majesty's  loyal,  faithful  obedi- 
ent subjects,  whose  only  hope  of  Relief  from  immediate  poverty 
distress  and  ruin,  with  there  helpless  Wives  and  Children, 
depends  entirely  on  your  Majesty's  lenient  and  paternal  Inter- 
position, which  unless  your  Majesty  shall  be  graciously  pleased 
to  vouchsafe,  they  must  suffer  an  inevitable  ruin.  Therefore 
they  Humbly  pray,  to  represent  their  unhappy  state  Hopeing 
your  Majesty  will  be  pleased  to  lend  an  Ear  wliile  they 
briefly  relate  some  few  of  the  distressful  circumstances  of  their 
present  situation — That  they  are  Inhabitants  of  a  Tract  of  your 
Majesty's  Land  now  by  your  Majestys  order  within  tlie  jurisdic- 
tion of  your  Majesty's  Government  of  New  York  which  at  the 
time  of  the  removal  of  the  line  of  jurisdiction  was  unanimously 
esteemed  to  be  in  your  Majestys  Province  of  New  Hampshire, 
except  only  by  some  Interested  Persons  in  New  York,  who  hare 
made  large  Fortunes  out  of  tliose  Lands  &  whose  pretenCes  were 
Totally  unknown,  wliich  said  Tract  is  Situate  between  the  West- 
ern Banks  of  Connecticut  River  and  Northline  drawn  at  Twenty 


i< 


•   I 


EANNEXED  TO 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GUANTS. 


673 


miles  Eastern  distance  from  Hudsons  River  'till  it  intersects  the 
Wood  Creek  Lake  Cliamplain  &»  That  by  virtue  of  Patents 
issued  by  Benning  Wentworth  Esq'  late  Governor  of  your 
Majestys  said  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  under  tlic  Seal  there- 
of and  granted  to  your  Petitioners  whose  Names  are  Enter'd  in 
a  Schedule  annexed  to  each  respective  Grant,  and  in  full  Faith 
of  the  said  Governors  authority  to  grant  the  said  Lands,  Tliey 
liave  setled  cultivated  inhabited  &  improved  and  expendeu  their 
ffliole  Fortunes  and  all  their  labour  to  tliis  day  on  the  premises 
aforesaid,  that  it  having  pleased  your  Majesty  to  remove  tlie  line 
of  Jurisdiction  between  the  two  provinces  aforesaid  your  Petition- 
ers were  therelbre  included  in  the  province  of  New  York,  which 
in  due  rightful  obedience  to  your  Majesty's  Commands  your 
Petitioners  dutifully  and  unexceptionably  obeyd — although  their 
lying  in  the  province  of  New  York  was  &  is  and  for  ever  will 
and  must  be  highly  detrimental  &  disagreeable  to  them  both  in 
their  property  and  good  government,  of  all  which  they  judged 
jour  Majesty  and  ministers  of  State  had  been  egrigiously  mis- 
informed—and also  that  those  circumstances  had  been  erro- 
neously Represented  to  your  Majesty  that  since  your  Majesty's 
said  order  to  annex  the  said  District  to  New  York  their  pos- 
sessions have  been  unexceptionably  granted  to  other  people 
under  the  great  Seal  of  New  York — that  writs  of  ejectments 
have  been  brought,  their  property  wrested  from  them,  their 
persons  Imprisoned  and  their  whole  substance  wasted  in 
fruitless  Law  Suits  merely  to  the  enrichment  of  a  few  Men  in 
said  Province  of  New  York,  whose  great'  Influence  is  the 
distraction  of  our  hard,  honestly  earned  property,  that  we  were 
greatly  and  industriously  cultivating  the  wilderness,  orderly 
obeying  every  Law,  rejoicing  in  our  safety  and  your  Majestys 
auspicious  government  untill  by  this  invasion  of  our  property  by 
many  who  pretended  your  Majesty's  autliority  therein,  we  are 
thrown  in  such  evident  distress  confusion  and  dangerous  disor- 
der as  would  touch  your  Royal  Breast  with  Compass"  could  our 
inexpressable  Missery  be  Truly  represented  and  that  many  of 
your  petitioners  were  soldiers  in  your  Majesty's  army  in  tlie  late 
war  in  North  America  &  were  aiding  and  assisting  in  tlie  happy 
Buccesses  there  whereby  those  Lands  were  recovered  from  the 
Vol.  IV.  43 


:i 


.    ! 


I* 


I 
-'  ll 


•»'i 


I 


-'i  i 


•  '-^1 


^w 

^:'..j'' 


ftf# 


CONTROVERSY    RESPCCTINO    THE 


■?    1 


t. 


i      ? 


Ifc-'fc. 


Enemy  that  they  have  in  all  things  and  at  all  Times,  been 
obedient  to  the  Laws  of  your  Majeisty's  Dominions,  &  ever 
obeyed  you'  Majestys  Royal  commands— that  our  Fortunes 
Interest  and  Lives  are  wholly  devoted  to  your  Sacred  Person. 
They  therefore  humbly  prostrate  themselves,  and  pray  tliat  your 
Majesty  will  be  graciously  pleased,  to  preserve  them  i'.jia  the 
impending  «-vllls,  by  reannexing  them  to  New  Hampshire  to 
which  province  we  are  more  contiguous  for  Government  from 
at  least  Seventy  miles  to  near  Four  througli  three  other 

governments  &  by  confirming  these  possessions  as  held  and 
enjoyed  under  New  Hampshire  and  by  giving  such  other 
relief  as  to  your  Majesty's  seem  adequate  and  meet,  wliereby 
your  Petitioners  may  again  Return  to  their  labour,  the  wilder- 
ness may  be  cultivated  and  your  Petitioners  again  Rejoice  in  the 
Security  of  Lawibl  and  good  Gcvernment  being  exercised 
amongst  them.  Under  God  we  rely  on  your  Majesty  only  for 
relief:  we  can  have  no  hope  from  your  Majestys  Servants  at 
New  York,  from  whose  operations  our  distresses  have  arisen. 
Your  Majesty's  Servants  of  New  Hampshire  having  Read  our 
Petition  to  them  for  Relief  declare  their  inability  to  Take  cogni- 
zance thereof  a«  the  premises  are  by  your  Majestys  order  in 
Council  commanded  to  be  within  the  province  of  New  York  to 
your  Majesty's  therefore  we  humbly  look  compassionating  our 
distresses.  As  your  Majestys  Petitioners  in  Duty  and  Loyalty 
bound  shall  er&r  pray. 

Province  of  New  York  ss.  Willard  Steveks  of  Charlestotm 
or  number  four  in  New  Hampshire  Government,  a  person  well 
known  to  me,  and  worthy  of  Good  Faith  and  Credit  being  by 
me  duly  Sworn  did  depose  and  say  that  the  foregoing  is  a  true 
copy"  of  the  Original  petition  doliveredrae  and  carried  by  Benja- 
min Whiting  from  Portsmouth  to  this  Country  to  be  signed  in 

favour  of  New  Hampshire  at  Numb'  4.  '     *    '  '  '• 

'„ w    Willard  Stevens. 
Sworn  before  me  this  27t»>  Day  ?  ,  ,, .. 

of  January  1771.  )  '  ,,  ,, 

Simon  Stevens  Jest*  of  Peace 


I- 


iir,  the  wilder- 


NCW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


675 


<;CH11I>ULE  of  tlje  names  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants  of  West- 
minister as  signed  the  new  Hampshire  Petition  of  which  the 
afoiTgohig  is  an  authentick  Copy. 

William  Willard  Esquiro 

^illwni  Willard  Junior 

joioph  Willard 

James  Richardson 

joliD  Patterson 

Bonjaroln  Burt 

John  Avery 

Jolm  Avery  Junior 

Simucl  C.  Avery 

JosepJi  Phiiipney 

Joseph  Stoddard 

Jonathan  Burk 

Jesse  Burk 

So.  Burke 

Amoi  Carpenter  Junr 

Eleaner  Ilarlough 

Jacob  Abby 

James  Crafford 

Situ  Bark 


John  Petty 
Ephram  Spencer 
John  Sessions 
Gilson 
William  Ucaton 
Zakariah  Gilson 
Jonathan  Qilsoa 
Joseph  Arwin 
Ablal  Gooddala 
Caleb  Spencer 
William  Hill 
Gidion  Bagger 
Tliomoa  Davis 
Thomas  Davis  junr 
Charles  Crook 
Levy  Androos 
Bridges  Medcalf 
Charles  Holding 
Simeon  Burk 


Wright 

Dickinaon 
Medad  Wright 
Joel  Holton  I 

Samuel  Cone 
Asa  Averel  » 

Isaac  Patterson  .  . 

Benjamin'  Patterson  * 

Michael  Metcatf 
Bildad  Andros  Esqr 
Amas  Carpenter 

Carpenter 
Timothy  Caibeuter         :    ' . 
Jidiah  Prior  ■..  T 

Andrew  Crook 
Abel  Carr  vl  ;  f 

John  Goulu 


The  names  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Rockingham  who 
subscribed  the  New  Hampshire  Petition 


DavM  Pulsifer 
Cornelious  Dorfee 
Ephram  Wheelor 
Peter  Bellows 


Richardson 
Samuel  G  Bur 
Jonathan  Bur 
XathanicI  Bur 


Nathaniel  Davia 
Ezra  Turner 
Jeremiah  Allen 
Timothy  Clark 


'1; '  M  r ' 


.t,,,,: 


l!   i' 


I- 


;. 


t      ! 


i     '.< 


!'■  'i'^M 


n 


'  \\ 


;s  of  Charlestotvn 
,  a  person  well 
Credit  being  by 
regoing  is  a  true 
carried  by  Benja- 
y  to  be  signed  in 

i 

XABD  Stevens. 


LORD  DtJNMOKE  TO  LORD  HILLSBOROUGH. 

[Loud.  Doe.  XUn.]  . 


,4'f>r  .v'- 


New  York,  March  9t>>,  1771. 

Extract.  '      it.r-. 

The  troubled  state  of  the  North  Eastern  parts  of  this  Province 
seems  to  deserve  your  Lordships  immediate  attention.  I  speak 
of  that  large  District  between  Hudsons  river  and  the  Lakes 
George  and  Champlain  on  the  West  and  Connecticut  River  on 
the  East ;  and  between  the  North  line  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay 
and  the  45^  degree  of  Latitude,  assigned  for  the  partition 
between  this  and  the  Province  of  Quebec. 

This  is  a  fine  country,  capable  of  great  cultivation,  and  of 
subsisting  many  thousands  of  useM  subjects  j  but  before  the 
Conquest  of  Canada  was  so  exposed  to  the  incursions  of  the 


>  •»' 


<f^y.. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


# 
^ 


KT. 


^c 


1.0 


I.I 


11.25 


ISO    "^^ 


1 2.5 
2.2 


U    III  1.6 


*" 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WiST  MAIN  STRiET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MSBO 

(716)  •72-4503 


«■ 


'^^ 


,-<$• 


M^ 


CONTROTKRtr  BISPICTIMO  THE 


French,  and  the  Savages  in  their  Interest,  that  very  few  settle- 
ments were  made  in  it,  except  in  that  quarter  nearest  to  Hnd- 
tons  River 

It  is  clearly  within  the*  limits.of  this  Province  ;  as  granted  by 
King  Charles;  the  Second  to  James  Buke  of  York ;  and  accord- 
ingly His  present  Majesty  in  the  year  1764,  was  pleased  to 
declare  the  Western  Bank  of  Connecticat  River  to  be  the  pani- 
tion  boundary  between  New  York  and  New  Hampshire. 

I  wish  I  could  say,  My  Lord,  that  the  Royal  Decision  had 
been  followed  with  that  chearfuU  submission  which  was  due  to 
80  express  and  authoritative  an  intimation  of  the  King's  pleasure. 
I  am  oblidged  on  the  contrary,  to  complain  that  there  seems  to 
be  too  much  reason  to  believe,  that  the  disorders  in  that  Country 
owe  their  origin  and  progress  to  the  intrigues  of  persons  in 
power  in  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  with  aims  of  inhan- 
eing  their  private  fortunes,  out  of  the  Crown  Lands ;  and  the 
Vain  hope  that  His  Majesty  may  be  moved  to  annex  this  territory 
to  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire  under  which  their  Grants 
were  obtained. 

In  the  prosecution  of  this  design  some  of  the  Inhabitants  have 
lately  been  excited  to  open  acts  of  Violence,  as  well  as  an  imme- 
diate application  by  petition  to  the  Throne.  Upon  procuring  a 
copy  of  this  Petition  I  referred  it  to  the  Attorney  General  for 
his  Report ;  and  as.  his  Representations  appear  greatly  to  concern 
his  Majesty's  Interest  arid  to  be  supported  by  Proofs,  of  which 
the  King  ought  not  to  be  uninformed,  I  now  transmit  them  to 
your  Lordship  for  the  Royal  Consideration. 

I  must  at  fhe  same  time  apprize  your  Lordship  that  a  great 
majority  of  the  settlers  are  not  only  disposed  to  a  peaceable 
submission  to  the  decision  of  1764,  but  very  averse  to  the  change 
projected  in  New  Hampshire, -as  will  appear  by  their  Counter 
pjBtition  communicated  to  me,  to  be  transmitted  in  their  favor. 

Nor  can  I  omit  mentioning  that  it  is  in  this  I^strict  that  many 
of  the  reduced  officers  and  soldiers  have  made  their  locations  of 
the  bounty  pledged  to  them  by  the  Royal  Proclamation  of  the 
7U>  Oct'  176a.  Besides  this  I  find  that  others  cf  His  Majesty's 
subjects  have  obtained  Patents  for  many  thousands  of  acres, 
under  the  great  seal  of  this  Province,  which  will  be  all  frustrated 


■M 


FSW  IIAMF0HIRS  OJUlTTi* 


€W 


upon  detaching  fliis  Cauntry  from  the  ProTinee  of  New  York 
and  greatly  increase  the  general  confUslon. 

Your  Lordship  will  doubtless  perceive  that  untill  the  ordor 
tmDsmitted  to  Sir  Henry  Moore  prohibiting  grants  to  be  made 
of  lands  before  patented  under  New  Hampshire,  is  rescinded 
there  can  be  no  established  tranquility  in  that  quarter  of  this 
Province,  since  it  is  I^atura)  to  suppose,  that  tine  discontented 
settlers  (countenanced  as  they  are  by  New  Hampshire)  will 
flatter  themselves  with  hopes  of  favour,  and  make  rapid  acces- 
sions to  their  Number  from  the  profligate  Banditti  of  the  other 
Colonies,  who  look  for  safety  where  Government  is  weak  ^n4 
disturbed. 

I  have  only  to  add,  my  Lord,  that  from  all  the  Information  I 
have  been  able  to  obtain,  nothing  more  seems  to  me  to  be  requi- 
site fi)r  restoring  peace  than  a  Revocation,  of  a  late  Order,  by 
which  the  Grants  of  this  Province  were-  suspended.  The 
inhabitants  now  amount  to  between  six  and  seven  hundred 
fomilies,  of  which  number  450  odd  have  signed  a  Petition  tome, 
which  I  have  by  this  Packet  transmitted  to  your  Lordship,  pray- 
ing to  be  continued  in  this  Government ;  there  is  another  Petition, 
as  I  understand,  sent  home  by  Governor  Wentworth,  signed  by 
about  200,  praying  to  be  under  the  Government  of  New  Hamp- 
shire ;  but  how  these  names  were  obtained  your  Lordship  will 
easily  be  able  to  conceive  if  you  take  the  trouble  of  looking  into 
the  (different  papers  I  have  sent  by  this  Packet ;  but  surdy  tls 
more  natural,  even  supposing  that  the  New  Hampshire  Cl«iim 
was  preferable  to  that  of  New  York,  to  have  a  River  such  as 
Connecticut  for  the  boundary  :  Add  to  this,  that  the  Income  of 
Government  would  be  considerably  increased  annually  be 
receiving  half  a  Crown  Quit-Rent,  instead  of  nine  pence,  per  100 
acres,  for  so  large  a  tract  of  Land  as  was  disputed.  I  am,  My 
lord, 

Your  Lordships  most  Obedient  humble  Servant, 

DUNMORS. 


r,' 


;    '4 


;' 


P.  S,  I  have  to  inform  your  Lordship  of  the  death  of  Joseph 
Reade  Esq',  one  of  his  Majesty's  Council  in  tliis  Province.  I 
also  inclose  to  your  Lordship  three  affidavits  which  I  hare 


.  ^,| 


m 


OOMTMttti^  lUmOtlWl  tHE 


latdy  reeeited,  ^laieh  conflroi  our  belief  that  the  disorders  ab<yre 
mentioned  are  promoted  by  people  of  the  tpreateMt  power  in  the 
Pix>vince  6f  New  Hampshire. 


mU. 


h">i: 


!SURy£T0R-6EN£SAI'S  G£RTIFICAT£ 


i»  BiSERTATIOin   IN  FATOVB  OF  f  BE  MEW-HABIPSBIKC  OCCUPllm 

~^'       '  <tMTiiD  fiiaioRfi  TUB  ^2ni>  DAT  of  may  1765. 

^  ^'1  Alezavber  Coldem  Esq ;  Surveyor  Oeneral  of  Lands  for 

'^e  Province  of  Jfew  York ;  do  hereby  certify,  to  all  whom  it  msej 

ooncem,  that  on  or  about  the  twenty  second  Day  of  JUby,  One 

^HoUsaQd  Seven  hundred  and  sixty  five^  I  received  an  attested 

(j^y  ot  an  Order  of  the  Lieutenant  Governor  of  the  siiid 

1^r<>Vince)  made  in  his  Majesty's  Ck>uncil  for  the  said  Province, 

dn  the  ^  said  twenty  second  Bay  of  Mayj  directing  me,  until 

fbifther  qtder^  not  to  make  Return  of  any  warrant  of  Stirre^, 

'tihien  aim^y,  or  which  mi^ht  tbereafter  come  to  my  Hands,  of 

iby  Liftids  actually  settled  by  Persons  under  the  Grants  of  the 

^yetirdeutotJ^ew  Hampshire  Westward  of  Connec/tcu<  Kiver  and 

ikasiyfaitd  ot  Huds(ni?s  River,  unless  for  the  Persons  in  actual 

j^oSS^QU  thereof :  That  I  thereupon  forthwith  gave  Instructions 

tblmy  several  Deputies  to  survey  and  make  return  tome  ofallsuch 

tJands  so  ipossessed,  as  might  be  included  within  the  Bounds  of 

4ny  Tract  they  had  or  should  receive  Warrants  to  Survey : 

That  my  Deputies  did  accordingly  survey  and  make  retarn  to 

ine  of  several  Tracts  so  actually  possessed  as  aforesaid,  which 

i^  pursuance  of  the  above  mentioned  Order  in  Council,  were 

reserved,  in  order  tp  be  granted  to  the  Possessors;    That  several 

.Persons^being  so  possessed,  did  refuse  to  permit  my  Deputies  to 

4urvc!y  the  Lands  they  hkd  improved  ;  some  of  which  Lands, 

as  they  could  not  be  returned  to  me,  may  have  been  granted  to 

other  Persons  than  those  In  actual  Possession  under  the  Grants 

of  Jfeu)  Hampshire :    But  that  of  such  Grants  there  are  few 

Instances,  Reservatiotis  having  in  almost  every  Grant  t)eenmade 

f«ir  the  settlers,  even  when  tbe^  refused  to  discover  their  actual 

Potsessions ;  and  that  in  all  other  Cases  of  Lands  so  possessed 

^ils  afor^sl^id,  the  Regulation  established  by  the  above  mentioned 


VEW  HAMP8BIRS  ORAMTl. 


0T» 


Order  ia  Council  hath  been  hitherto  strictly  and  duly  observed : 
And  I  do  further  certify,  thai  I  have  not  made  any  Return  of  thA 
Suryey  of  any  Lands  known  to  be  held  under  any  Grant  of  the 
GoT^rnment  of  Jfew  Hampshire^  Eastward  of  the  Ridge  of  Moun- 
tains commonly  called  or  known  by  the  Name  of  the  Green 
jfyuiftains  ia  order  to  be  granted,  unless  for  the  Grantees  or 
PeisoJJS  holding  or  claiming  under  the  Grants  of  J^ew  Hampshire, 
Meept  eight  Tracts  of  Land,  containing  ,five  hundred  Acres 
each,  allotted  by  the  late  Governor  Wentworth  for  himself,  four 
of  which  Tracts  w«e  surveyesd  for  Lieutenant  TTumias  Ethering- 
ton,  and  the  other  four  of  which  Tracts  were  surveyed  fof 
Lieutenant  William  Leslie,  reduced  Officers,  who  had  both 
serFcd  in  JVbr^A  jSmerica  during  the  late  War.  Given  under 
my  Hand,  this  fourth  Day  of  Marchj  One  Thousand  Seym. 
iuwdred  and  seventy-one. 

Alexander  Goli»:n,  Surveyor-CrenenU. 


';«».' 1.. 


'^''.^: 


V  u 


PUBLIC  DISOBPERS  FOMENTED  BY  N.  HAMPSHIRE. 

J.  Gityof  New  York  ss — ^Ebenezer  Cole  J^ed  Fifty  nine, 
belDg  duly  sworn  maketh  oath.  That  between  Seven  and  Eight 
yean  ago  he  purchased  some  Rights  in  a  Tract  of  Land  called 
Shaftsbury,  under  a  Grant  thereof  by  the  late  Governor  of  New 
Hampshire— 'That  he  settled  thereon  six  years  ago  last  spring, 
and  was  one  of  the  first  who  settled  in  Shaftsbury  under  ib» 
Grant  aforesaid  That  between  this  Deponents  Purchfising  and 
■S^kment  above  mentioned,  Governor  Colden  issued  his  Frocli^ 
mation  of  the  28^^  Dec'  1763,  which  was  soon  publiekly  known 
in  that  part  of  tite  Gountiy . 

B.  That  lie  has  resided  there  ever  since,  and  wiell  remembexv 
that  Gov'  Colden  and  the  late  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  noti- 
fied by  Proclamation  the  Kings  Determination  of  the  Boundary 
between  the  Provinces  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshii'e,  both' 
of  which  Proclamations  were  publiekly  known  in  that  Part  of' 
the  Country. 

C.  That  the  Time  tills  Deponent  settled  there  as  afs<i  til)ei9 


m 


CONTKOVERST   REfiPECTIIIG  THE 


m  If''  "  A 


'4 


were  but  two  Persons  settled  to  the  Nortliward  of  him,  or  an? 
Grants  of  New  Hampshire  io  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Moun- 
tains, the'  this  Deponents  House  lays  within  thirteen  mfles  of 
the  North  Bounds  of  the  Massachusets  Bay.  That  at  the  Time 
of.  the  notiUcation  as  aforesaid  of  his  Majeistys  Determination 
this  Deponent  believes  there  might  be  about  Twenty  five  Persons 
settled  to  the  northward  of  Shaftsbury  and  not  more,  and  about 
as  many  in  Shaftsbury,  all  but  one  of  whom  tliis  Deponent 
believes  were  Purchasers,  and  not  original  Grantees. 
1  D.  That  by  far  the  greater  Part  of  the  Settlers  at  this  Day 
which  this  Deponent  believes  are  at  least  Five  to  One  to  the 
numl}er  of  Settlers  at  that  Time,  are  purchasers  since  the  notifi- 
cation of  tlie  Determination  of  the  Boundarj'  at  very  small  Rates 
and  who  have  seated  tliemselves  there  under  the  New  Hamp- 
shire Grants  knowing  the  claim  of  this  Province,  and  his  Mtyes- 
ty's  Determination  aforesaid,  a  considerable  number  of  whom 
have  purchased  on  condition  never  to  pay  tlie  Purchase  Money 
except  tlie  New  Hampshire  Title  is  made  good  this  Deponent 
having  been  witness  to  some  of  those  Contracts  himself.  And 
that  many  of  them  have  settled  within  the  ancient  Grants  of  the 
Province  of  New  York,-  well  knowing  at  the  Time  they  were 
within  the  said  ancient  Grants,  and  against  advice  given  them 
to  the  Contrary  by  this  Deponent  and  others.  And  this  Depo- 
nent saith  that  he  doth  not  know  that  any  one  Person  is  settled 
on  the  Lands  granted  to  him  by  Governor  Wentworth. 

E.  That  witliin  a  Short  Time  after  the  notification  of  the 
Royal  Determination  as  afs^ '  the  Inhabitants  in  general  of  that 
Part  of  the  County  claiming  under  New  Hampshire  concluded 
to  keep  up  and  maintain  the  Privileges  mentioned  in  their  Granta 
from  New  Hampshire,  and  not  to  submit  to  any  Laws  Customs 
or  usages  of  the  Government  of  New  York  imagining  tliis  would 
strengthen  their  Pretensions,  which  they  maintained  among 
other  Things  by  Declarmg  that  the  Kings  order  of  Councilor 
20  July  17G4  was  not  of  sufficient  Authority.  And  accordingly 
they  chose  select  men  for  the  Townships  held  frequent  Town 
Meetings  pursuant  to  their  Charters,  and  made  the  Laws  of  New 
Hampshire  the  Rules  of  their  Conduct,  wliich  in  general  they 
have  persisted  in  ever  since. 


mew   HAMPSHIRB  GBANT8. 


m 


F.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  he  Well  remembers 
to  have  heard  several  Persons  settlers  in  that  Part  of  the  Country 
aforesaid  under  Grants  of  New  Hampshire  declare  that  they  had 
tied  up  and  publicity  whipped  one  Moore  who  was  sent  by  the 
Proprietors  of  Prince  Town  patent  to  settle  thereon  under  the 
New  York  Title,  and  according  to  the  best  of  his  Remembrance 
they  at  the  same  Time  threatned  to  serve  every  Person  in  the 
like  manner  who  should  come  there  on  the  like  Errand.  H 

Gv  That  he  has  ^ways  understood  and  is  satisfied  that  it  is  trud, 
that  the  Proprietors  under  New  York,  have  always  been  dis- 
posed to  treat  the  Settlers  on  their  I^nds  under  New  Hampshire, 
vith  Tenderness,  and  to*  giv^  them  better  Terms  than  to  other 
PeftonS,  which  Tenderness  and  Forbearance  has  been  constantly 
construed  by  the  settlers  to  arise  solely  from  the  Proprietors 
under  New  Yoric  doubting  the  validity  of  their  own  Title,  and 
has  constantly  incr^  ised  the  spirit  of  oppositien  in  the  settlers 
under  New  Hampshire,  who  took  up  the  opinibn  that  the  New 
York  Proprietors  were  afraid  to  bring  actions  against  them. 

ff.  That  this  Deponents  Purchases  under  the  New  Hampshire 
Grants,  haVe  been  saved  to  them  by  the  Governm*  of  New  York, 
inconsequence  of  an  order  of  the  Governor  &  Council  of  the 
22''  May  1765,  a  Copy  of  which  this  Deponent  in  the  Summer 
of  that  year  carried  up  into  that  Country  together  with  orders 
fiom  the  Survfey6r  General  to  his  Deputy  Archibald  Campbell 
not  to  survey  the  Possessions  of  all  the  settlers  under  New  Hamp- 
shire within  any  Warrant  of  Survey  that  he  had  already  received, 
or  should  thereafter  come  to  his  Hands  which  order  of  tbe 
Council  this  Deponent  made  public  among  those  Inhabitants,- 
and  endeavored  to  persuade  them  to  accept  the  Benefits  intended 
them  thereby,  But  that  in  general  they  refused.  That  the  siad 
Archibajd  Campbell  wad  then  making  Surveys  in  that  Part  of 
the  Country  and  offered  to  several  Persons  in  the  Deponents 
Presence  to  survey  their  Possessions  and  divers  others  have 
confessed  to  the  Deponent,  that  the  said  Campbell  had  made  the 
said  offers  to  them,  but  all  of  them  except  this  Deponent  and  about 
a  Dozen  Pereons  more  rerused  to  shew  their  Boundaries,  or  take 
any  notice  of  it  declaring  they  would  riot  consent  to  pay  the 
Quit  Rent  reserved  by  the  New  York  Grants,  nor  put  them- 


ft . , 


■  i" 


} 


A 


r     1  '• 


I'  ■» 
-4 


.    I 


I- 


M9 


ooirrBOvxAsy  BMMKrrivo  tbk 


selves  to  any  Airther  charge  about  the  Title,  among  the  Persons 
80  refusing  was  Isaiah  Carpenter,  gainst  whom  a  Recoyery  iws 
been  lately  obtained  in  l^eetment,  wherein  Mi^or  Small  a 
reduced  officer  was  Lessor  of  the  plaintiff,  in  whose  Grant  the 
Possessions  of  the  said  Carpenter  was  situate. 

/.  That  this  Deponent  remembers  that  about  a  year  ago  nine 
HJectments  were  brouglU  under  •  New  York  for  Lands  to  the 
Westwardof  tlie  Oneen  Moimtains,  one  of  th«m  against  the  said 
Isaiah  Carpenter,  another  against  Justin  011n,iwb{>  had  settled  on 
Mi^or  Smalls  said  Qrant,  knowing  it  was  granted  to  Major 
Small  having  purchased  under  New  Hampshire  since  the  passing 
of  the  Majors  Orant,  and  upoQ^  Condition  not  to  pay  his 
Purchase  Money  unless  his  Title  was  secured  to  him  under  New 
Hampshire.  Another  against  James  Breakenridge,  who  had 
settled  on  Wallnmsehack  Patent,  Four  agdnst  Persons  in  Prhice 
Town.  And  two  against  some  Persons  on  a  Grant  of  this  Pro- 
winee  of  New  York  to  the  Rev^  Michael  Slaughter  a  reduced  Regi. 
mental  Chaplain.  That  thereupon  the  Inhabitants  of  this  Part 
of  the  Country  in  general  declared  these  ,suit8  were  only  brought 
to  frighten  them,  and  that  they  never  would  be  tried. 

K.  That  this  Deponent  attended  the  Circuit  Court  held  last 
June  in  the  City  of  Albany,  when  four  of  these  Ejectments  wwe 
Irkd,  viz*  those  a§^  James  Breakenridge  Samuel  Rose  one  of  the 
^ince  Town  De^p  Isaiah  Carpenter,  Josiah  Fuller  one  of  tiie 
Inhabitants  cm  the  Grant  to  Itev<i  M<  Slaughter— that  BroakeO' 
](idgemade  na  Defence,  his  Possession  being  within  Twentj 
Hdles  from  Httdsons  River,  against  the  other  three  Verdicts  were 
•foond  by  Spedal  Juries,  on  Trials  that  appeared  wholly  fair  to 
this  Deponent,  and  to  some  of  1^  leading  Persons  interested 
Odder  JNew  Hampshire,  and  particularly  to  one  Bliss  Willoughbj, 
who  acted  there  as  Trustee  for  the  New  Hamps;iire  Claitnants,— 
AdAd  this  Deponent  weU  remembws  that  after  the  said  Trials 
some  of  th^  Defend^  and  many  other  of  the  leading  People  under 
tha  Claim  of  Iffiew  Hampshire,  went  to  some  of  the  Proprietors 
lindisr  New  York,  tlien  in  Albany,  owned  their  Title  to  be  good 
confessed  tikeirimoderation,  and  declared  they  could  only  blame 
the  OovernracBt  of  N«w  Hampshire  for  granting  their  lands,  and. 
ttoanselves  fon  contending  against  the  New  York  Proprietors. 


VSW  BAMFSHIRB  OBANTl. 


663 


L.  That  many  of  the  Claimants  imder  New  Hampshire  in 
{ODsequ^nce  of  these  Trials  proposed  settling  their  Dispute  with 
the  New  York  Proprietors;  but  the  writs  of  Possession  being 
delayed,  they  iii|;eiieral  changed  their  minds,  and  declared  the 
I(ew  Torlc  Fraprieton  dared  sot  to  serve  them^-«nd  from  the 
eQouaon  and  puUic  Ooaversation  of  those  Inhabitants  it  was 
manifest  to  this  Deponent  that  they  had  confederated  to  sup- 
port each  other  fay  Force  of  Arms. 

M.  That  about  the  Beginning  of  January  last  the  Sheriff  of 
0mj  as  thift  Deponent  hath  andcrstood  in  the  neighbourhood! 
and  verily  believes,  came  to  execute  writs  of  Pussession  for  the 
Fanns  recovered  in  the  said  Ejectments,  and  that  he  was  resisted 
by  a  number  of  armed  men,  wlio  by  Force  prevented  entirely 
his  serviog  his  writs  on  the  Possessions  of  Breakenridge  and 
Faller,and  that  he  returned  to  Albany  without  executing  them — 
and  that  this  Deponent  has  in  like  manner  been  informed  and 
believes  that  the  next  day  thereafter  the  Sheri£fe  Deputy  exe- 
euted  the  processes  on  the  Farm  of  Samuel  Rose  and  Isaiaih 
Carpenter  but  not  without  a  violent  Besistance  by  a  number  of 
armed  Men. 

JV.  And  this  Deponent  saith  that  he  has  nevep  heard  of  any 
other  Ejectments  being  brought  for  any  Lands  to  the  Westward  of 
the  Oreen  Mountains  under  New  Hampshire,  except  one  ag^oi^e 
GolvlD,  which  was  served,  but  not  further  prosecuted. 

0.  Tliat  the  Deponent  is  acquainted  in  general  with  all  the 
Inhabitants  of  the  Lands  formerly  claimed  by  New  Hampshire 
on  the  West  side  of  the  Green  Mountain^  iVcm  the  me  of  the 
Hasjachusetts  Bay  to  the  most  Northern  Settlements  tud  knows 
opt  of  one  Person  among  them  who  served  in  his  Majesjtys 
Begular  Forces  at  any  Time  whatsoever,  and  that  very  few  of 
them  ever  served  in  any  of  the  provincial  Forces. 

P.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  soon  after  the  present 
Governor  of  New  Hampshire  arrived  in  that  Government  the 
Inhabitants  of  the  Lands  granted  under  New,  Hampshire  in  the 
Neighbourhood  of  the  Deptment,  were  animated  with  Hopes 
that  thelloyal  order  of  l?D*»>  July  1764  might  be  rescinded— That 
messengers  frequently  from  his  arrival  .as  aforesaid  hltli#rto 
have  been  sent  by  them  to  Portsmouth  to  him,  and  always 


I 


It-  •  ■  ♦ ' 


i-Ai 


■«   ■ 


■n 

;  ♦ 

•  *  : 


>.     .■   i 
'•I 


1*1      ' !         I , 


•. 


•64 


CX)irrR0TEK8Y    MSPEOTIVO  THK 


returned  with  Encouragements  to  the  People,  that  he  would  soon 
get  them  annexed  to  New  Hampshire,  and  this  Deponent  is 
well  assured  that  if  th^ey  had  not  received  Encouragements  fiom 
the  s<i  Governor  Went  worth,  thoy  would  in  general  long  since 
have  submitted  to  the  Laws  and  Jurisdiction  of  the  Province  of 
New  York,  and  the  Disputes  concerning  Titles  have  been  at  an 
End— That  something  above  a  year  ago  a  Petition  was  carried 
about  for  subscription,  in  the  Inhabited  Parts  of  the  Country 
within  this  Province  formerly  claimed  by  New  Hampshire 
addressed  to  the  prescint  Governor  of  that  Province,  requesting 
his  assistatice  m  obtaining  the  annexing  that  Countiy"  to  New 
Hampshire  which  measure  was  commonly  understood  by  the  said 
Inhabitants  in  the  Deponents  neighbourhood,  to  have  been 
undertaken  by  the  Instigation  of  Governor  Wentworth  and  to 
have  been  drawn  at  Portsmouth  and  approved  of  by  him  before 
'it  circulated  for  subscription  as  aforesaid  of  which  besides  the 
common  Report  abovementioned  this  Deponent  has  been  informed 
by  Samuel  Robinson  who  was  with  Governor  Wentworth  at 
Portsmouth  on  that  occasion,  as  he  informed  tliis  Deponent,  and 
which  the  Deponent  believes  to  be  true. 

Q.  That  this  last  Fall  another  Petition  addressed  to  his 
majesty  has  been  carryed  about  in  the  Deponents  neighbour- 
hood as  he  understands  and  believes,  which  is  generally  reported 
there  to  liave  been  done  by  the  advice  of  Governor  Wentworth. 
R,  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  at  the  time  of  the 
^'^liotification  as  abovementioned  of  his  Majestys  Determination 
of  the  said  Boundary,  the  two  Soutliermost  Townships  were 
more  cultivated  than  any  other  of  the  New  Hampsliire  Grants 
^to  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Mountains,  and  even  with  respect 
to  those  the  Cultivation  was  exceeding  small,  that  the  four 
Townships  to  the  Northward  of  those  last  mentioned,  had 
hardly  any  Inhabitants  and  the  clearing  any  Part  of  them  for 
Cultivation  was  but  scarcely  begun,  that  tlie  Towns  still  to  the 
'  "^lirorthward  had  no  Inhabitants,  and  that  at  that  Time  the  Lands 
'  aforesaid  to  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Mountains  not  one  part 
'in  Two  Thousand  had  liad  any  Labor  bestowed  on  tliem  and 
'  that  at  tliis  Day  the  Improvement  &  Cultivation  on  the  wliole 


.5|i 


MBW  UAHnHIRS  aAAlfTI. 


68t> 


of  the  said  Tmct,  is  in  comparison  witli  its  magnitude  veij 
iocoiuiilerable. 

EQEirszEa  COLK. 
Sfforn  this  STf*  Day  of  February  ) 
1771    Before  me.  ( 

,,,'.u!  C'lu-  Dan:  HoRSMAWDKN.  '' 


J,  City  of  New  Torlc  ss.  John  Munhog  of  Fowlis  in  the 
Ooonty  of  Albany,  EsqUii^e,  one  of  Ivis  Majestya  Justices  of  the 
peace  for  the  said  County  being  duly  sworn  malceth  Oath,  that 
he  lives  on  the  East  side  of  Hudsons  River  about  seventeen  miles 
Distant  from  the  said  River^  as  the  Surveyor  employed  by  him 
lately,  to  measure  the  Distance  to  that  River  informed  him  that 
he  began  to  build  there  near  four  years  ago,  and  has  resided 
there  near  three  years.  That  the  Deponents  House  stands  within 
the  Bounds  of  a  Tract  of  Land  called  Shaftsbury  said  to  have 
been  granted  by  the  late  Governor  of  New  Hampshire. 

B.  That  this  Deponent  is  well  acquainted  with  the  Country 
thereabouts,  and  verily  believes  that  since  he  has  lived  there, 
the  number  of  Settlers  under  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  to  the 
Northward  of  this  Deponents  Habitation  have  increased  at  least 
three  fold— And  ilrom  the  General  Accounts  he  has  received  in 
that  neighbourhood  he  is  well  satisfied  that  since  the  Notification 
of  bis  Majesty's  order  in  Council  of  20  July  1764  those  settlers 
have  increased  at  least  five  Fold,  and  that  they  are  from  all  the 
Information  he  has  received  Purchasers  for  very  small  Conside- 
latiohs  and -not  patentees  and  that  niany  of  them  have  purchased 
the  New  Hampshire  Titles  to  Lands  which  at  the  Time  of  the 
I  Purchases  they  knew  had  been  granted  by  the  Government  of 
New  York,  and  particularly  that  such  Purchases  have  been  made 
1)7  about  Ten  Persons  in  a  Grant  made  by  the  said  Government 
of  New  York  to  Duncan  MoVicar  a  reduced  officer  by  virtue  of 
his  Majestys  Proclamation  of  the  7*'*  October  1763,  who  have 
seated  themselves  in*  the  said  Lands  and  still  hold  Possession 
under  the  New  Hampshire  Grant. 

C.  That  eveir  since  this  Deponent  has  lived  in  that  Country 
many  of  tlie  Inhabitants  have  showed  a  Disposition  of  not  obey* 


:  '^t 


Vi 


.' 


<M 


ooirraoyxBftY  BurBoriNo  tbk 


fM-^y'*^'  ^i( 


I!     (^ 


«  ^' 


Ir'-. 


Upg  the  Laws  of  New  York  or  submittiog  to  iti  Jurisdiction  and 
that  in' general  they  have  regulated  themselves  by  the  Laws  of 
New  Hampshire,  and  the  Chartei;8  granted  by  the  late  Governor 
Wentworth,  in  order  as  this  Deponent  hath  always  understood 
the  more  easy  to  bring  about  the  annexing  that  Country  to  New 
Hampshire,  and  the  Confirmation  of  the  Grants  of  that  QovetQ- 
ment,  That  they  accordingly  have  chosen  select  men  &  other 
officers,  &  held  Town  meetings  pursuant  to  the  said  charters. 

D.  And  this  Deponent  Airther  saith  that  he  was  present  at 
the  Riot  and  Opposition  made  on  the  19  of  October  1769  to  tlie 
Oommissioners  and  Surveyor  in  the  Partition  of  Part  of  Wallum- 
aehaek  Patent,  That  he  has  perused  the  several  Depositions  of 
Thcmias  Hun  John  R  Bleeoker  and  Peter  Lanaingh  the  Commis- 
sioners, containing  an  account  of  that  obstruction  and  that  the 
Facts  therein  mentioned  as  &r  as  they  relate  to  the  Riotous 
Behavior  on  that  Dny  is  true.  That  this  Deponent  is  the  Magis- 
trate mentioned  in  these  affidavits  That  this  Deponent  read  to 
the  Rioters,  the  Riot  Act,  and  commanded  them  in  his  majesty's 
name  to  disperse,  but  neither  that  nor  his  Persuasions  to  them 
had  any  Effect,  until  they  had  obliged  the  Commissioners  to 
desist. 

E.  And  this  Deponent  fiirther  Baith  that  in  the  winter  of  the 
year  1770,  by  Virtue  of  a  Law  of  this  Province  he  issued  as  one 
of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  County  of  Albany, 
on  the  application  of  two  of  his  Majestys  Subjects  Process  against 
four  Persons,  all  of  whom  this  Deponent  understands  live  on 
the  Patent  of  Wallumschack,  and  claim  Lands  there  under  one 
df  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  That  the  Constable  who  had  the 
Charge  of  serving  these  Processes  made  Return  to  this  Deponent 
in  writing  which  he  and  One  other  Person  made  Oath  before  the 
Deponent  and  a  third  Person  who  was  a  Quaker  affirmed  the 
same  that  &  gi^t  Number  of  Persons  settlers  thereabouts  under 
the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire  having  their  Faces  blacked,  and 
otherwise  being  disguised  assaulted  him  in  the  Evening  and 
rescued  from  him  Moses  Robinson  whom 'he  had  arrested  by 
virtue  of  one  of  the  said  Precepts,  and  afterwards  while  he  was 
tbe  same  Evening  in  pursuit  of  the  Person  rescued  assaulted  him 
a^ain  in  tlie  Highway,  that  he  in  his  Miyesty's  Name  commanded 


■'i--u-  n 


'Tl 


mew   HAMPIHIRE  GHAMTl. 


».> 


687 


then  to  disperse  and  surrender  up  his  Prisoner,  telling  them 
they  were  acting  against  Law  that  thereupon  thej  damned  the 
Latrs  of  New  York,  and  said  they  had  l)etter  Laws  of  tlieir  own, 
and  finally  obliged  the  said  Constable  and  his  assistants  to  fly 
for  Ihelr  Lives. 

F.  And  this  Deponent  fVirther  saith,  that  since  the  obstruo- 
tion  given  to  th»^  Commissioners  as  abovementioued  the  universal 
Report  In  that  Country  hath  been,  that  the  Claimants,  under 
Kew  Hampshire,  thereabouts,  had  in  general  confederated  to 
resist  by  Force  of  Arms,  the  Execution  of  the  Laws  of  New 
York  Which  might  affect  their  Claims  under  New  Hampshire 
and  to  oppose  in  like  manner  the  apprehending  of  any  of  them 
for  any  offences  relative  thereto. 

0.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  on  the  Twenty  ninth 
Day  of  November  last  to  thid  Deponents  best  Remembrance  Henry 
Ten  Eyck  Esq'  the  Sheriff  of  the  County  of  Albany  came  to 
this  IMiponcints  House  with  a  proclamation  of  his  £xcelleT<cy 
LordDunmore  of  the  l**^Nov'  last,  by  which  the  said  Slieriff 
WIS  commanded  to  apprehend  Silas  Robinson  and  others  for  a 
seeoiUl  lUot  and  obstruction  to  the  Partition  of  Wallumshack 
tkt  Ate  said  Sheriff  derired  this  Deponent  as  a  magistrate  to 
attefid  OB  that  service^  the  Sheriff  apprehending  violent  Resist- 
ffl«e,  that  this  Deponent  went  with  him  keeping  the  woods  as 
nuob  88  possible  to  prevent  being  discovered  to  the  House  of 
Ebeoeter  Cole,  in  whom  this  Deponent  placed  Confidence,  that 
the  said  Cole  and  his  son  informed  them  thait  the  People  of  Bea- 
niogion  expected  the  Sheriff,  and  were  under  arms,  as  they  had 
beta  infoi*m«d  by  inany  People  passing  the  Road,  and  one  of 
them  advised  this  Deponent  not  to  go,  That  nevertheless  this 
Deponent  the  said  Sheriff  and  his  Deputy  went  to  the  Nortliern 
Bouads  of  Bennington  where  the  aaid  Silas  Robinson  dwelt,  and 
a^Khended  him  at  his  owu  Door,  and  imfmediately  by  the 
adfiee  of  the  Deponent  to  prevent  a  Rescue,  immediately  pro- 
oOcfdi^  back  for  the  City  of  Albany,  by  the  same  road  they  had 
oottd,  iho'  the  nearest  Road  lay  thro  Bennington,  which  they 
thottght  it  not  prudent  to  follow,  understanding  the  Rioters  were 
asseiUMed  about  the  House  of  one  Stephen  Fay  in  13ie  Town. — 
that  the  same  Evening  they  lodged  wkh  their  prisoner  attiie; 


I- 


r 

'i       ' 
* 

» 

1 


p  '^ 


\  { 


688 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


Jrfh 


;j|| 


■'i.''*;       ?  ' 


House  of  Captain  Cornelius  Van  Ness  at  Sanchoick  That  towards 
morning  the  House  was  surrounded  by  a  number  of  armed  men 
about  Forty  as  this  Deponent  has  been  Informed — That  this 
Deponent  asked  them  what  they  wanted  and  was  answered  they 
demanded  Silas  Robinson  forthwith  and  that  they  would  have 
him. — That  the  Persons  in  the  House  prepared  for  Defence,  and 
this  Deponent  sent  a  Lad  whom  he  put  out  .of  the  window 
secretly' ,  to  call  the  neighbours  to  their  assistance,  this  being  an 
old  settlement  That  this  Deponent  told  the  Rioters  that  if  they 
wished  themselves  well,  they  had  better  go  oif,  That  neverthe- 
less they  remained  til  Dawn  of  Day,  this  Deponent  expecting 
every  minute  that  they  would  force  the  House.  At  Length  as 
Day  approaclied  they  went  off  discharging  their  arms,  and  soon 
after  the  Sheriff  proceeded  with  his  Prisoner,  this  Deponent 
having  procured  him  a  party  to  escort  him  until  he  was  out  of 
Danger. 

^H.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  he  remembers  nine 
Ejectments  were  brought  by  the  Proprietors  under  New  York 
against  the  settlers  under  New  Hampshire — against  Samuel  Rose 
and  tliree  others  in  Prince  Town— ^Isaiah  Carpenter  aud  Justin 
Ollin  on  a  Tract  Granted  in  New  York  to  Major  Small  a  reduced 
officer,  James  Breakenridge  in  Wallumschack  Patent,  and  against 
two  other  Persons  on  a  Tract  of  Land  granted  to  "Rev^  Michael 
Slaughter  a  Reduced  Regimental  Chaplain.  That  soon  aflter  this 
Deponent  heard  frequent  accounts  that  the  claimants  under  New 
Hampshire,  declared  the  New  York  Proprietors  would  never 
bring  them  to  Trial — and  that  they  were  only  brought  to  frighten 
them  into  an  agreement,  but  that  they  were  determined  to  make 
no  Tern^s  with  the  New  York  Proprietors.  :  ?j,«r  i»^i  n:»  jt  > 
Z.  That  tills  Deponent  attended  the  Circuit  Court  last  Sum- 
mer at  Albany,  where  four  of  these  causes  were  tried.  That 
Bre:;kenridge  made  no  Defence,  and  that  on  the  three  other 
verdicts  were  found  by  Special  Juries  for  the  Plaintiffs.  That 
these  verdicts  were  to  the  general  satisfaction  of  the  Country, 
as  well  as  to  many  of  the  leading  men  among  the  Now  Hamp- 
shire Claimants — this  Deponent  having  heard  Bliss  Willoughbj 
who  was  tlieir  Agent  for  Shaftsbury  and  many  others  own  the 
Invalidity  of  their  own*  Claim   under    New  Hampshire,  and 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


G89 


acknowledge  they  did  not  suspect  the  New  York  claims  was 
80  good. 

H.  That  upon  this  Deponents  return  home  from  the  said 
trials,  and  for  some  time  thereafter,  he  found  the  claimants 
under  New  Hampshire  in  his  neighborhood  fond,  of  coming  to  a 
settlement  with  tlie  proprietors  under  New  York,  but  that  after- 
wards repeated  encouragements  being  received  in  that  Quarter 
fiom  the  present  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  as  the  Universal 
Report  was  in  that  Part  of  the  Country,  and  which  the  Depo- 
nent believes  to  be  true,  they  would  hold  their  Lands  under  the 
New  Hampshire  Titles  until  they  were  defeated  in  England  and 
that  soon  thereafter  a  Petition  was  handed  about  in  his  neigh- 
borhood as  this  Deponent  has  understood  and  believes  for 
gubseripton  in  Pursuance  of  some  plan  that  had  been  fallen  upon, 
to  annex  these  Lands  to  New  Hampshire,  but  to  whom  the 
Petition  was  addressed,  or  what  were  its  Contents  this  Deponent 
knows  not. 

L.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  iu  the  month  of 
December  last,  he  frequently  heard  it  had  been  given  out  in  his 
Neighborhood  by  the  Claimants  under  New  Hampshire,  that  the 
Plaintiffs  in  the  above  mentioned  Causes  in  Ejectment  tried  as 
aforesaid  durst  not  serve  the  writs  of  possession. 

M.  Tliat  about  the  Fifth  Day  of  January  last,  the  Sheriff  of 
Albany  with  one  of  his  Deputies  and  another  person  in  his 
Company  came  to  this  Deponents  House  and  this  Deponent 
having  some  short  time  before  seen  the  said  Sheriff  in  Albany 
with  Writs  of  Possession  in  his  Hands,  in  the  four  Actions  of 
Ejectment  tried  at  Albany  as  aforesaid  the  said  Sheriff  now  told 
him  he  had  been  trying  to  execute  two  of  them,  against  James 
Breakinridge,  and  Josiah  Fuller  above  mentioned,  but  that  he 
was  opposed  by  a  Number  of  armed  men  who  had  shut  them- 
selves up  in  the  Defendants-  Houses,  and  threatened  to  blow  his 
brains  out  if  he  proceeded,  which  as  the  Sheriff  informed  the 
Deponent  prevented  his  executing  eitlier  of  them  Tliat  the  said 
Sheriff  went  tlie  next  Day  for  Albany  declaring  his  Business 
obliged  him  to  be  there,  the  County  Court  coming  on  very  soon. 
That  he  left  his  Deputy  at  the  Deponents  House  with  the  Writs 
of  Possession  against  Samuel  Rose  and  Isaiah  Carpenter.    That 

Vol.  IV.  44 


•  * 


I     ' 


,:.=-.k|:; 


'■:i' 


V 


■#f 


eoo 


oomtroVersy  respkctino  the 


on  Monday  the  Seventh  of  January  last  the  8uid  Deputy  Sheriff 
with  this  Deponent  and  Twelve  other  men  whom  the  Deponent 
had  procured  to  aid  the  Deputy  SheriflF  who  feared  alike  violent 
Resistance,  proceeded  to  the  House  of  the  said  Isaiah  Carpenter 
in  order  to  serve  the  said  writ  of  possession  against  him— That 
when  they  came  there  they  found  the  House  shut  up,  tho'itwas 
early  in  the  Morning — That  the  l^herlfif  knocked  at  the  door  and 
declared  his  Business,  upon  which  the  said  Isaiah  Carpenter 
threatened  to  blow  out  the  brains  of  any  Person  who  sliould 
attempt  to  take  possession — That  the  Deponent  tried  to  persuade 
the  said  Isaiah  Carpenter  to  open  the  door  and  not  resist  the 
Execution  of  the  Laws,  but  without  ££fect — That  thereupon  the 
Sheriff  and  his  Party  proceeded  to  break  into  the  House,  which 
being  effected  in  an  Instant,  this  Deponent  jumped  in  and  seized 
the  said  Carpenter  with  his  Gun  in  his  Hand  ready  to  fire,  the 
Sheriff  and  the  rest  of  his  Party  following  this  Deponent— That 
they  found  two  other  men  in  the  said  House  Claimants  under 
New  Hampshire,  and  two  more  Guns  in  the  Corner  of  the  Room 
one  of  them  loaded  with  powder  &  Bullets,  and  the  otlier  with 
Powder  and  kidney  Beans — That  as  soon  as  full  possession  was 
gained,  it  having  by  the  Attorney  for  the  Plaintiff  been  signified 
to  the  Deponent  that  he  might  do  as  he  pleased  with  the  said 
Carpenter  and  this  Deponent  being  assured,  tlie  Proprietor 
would  be  pleased  with  his  Shewing  the  Defendant  Tenderness 
this  Deponent  put  the  said  Carpenter  immediately  into  Posses- 
sion again,  on  his  giving  Bond  either  to  agree  with  Major  Small 
for  the  Lands,  by  the  first  day  of  May  next,  or  on  failure  thereof 
to  surrender  up  the  Possession  on  demand: 

JV*.  That  after  this  on  the  same  day  this  Deponent  with  the  said 
Deputy  Sheriff,  and  another  went  to  servo  the  writ  of  Possession 
against  the  said  Samuel  Rose  and  on  the  road  picked  up  two 
other  men  whom  they  took  along  with  them  to  assist  them— That 
tlie  Sheriff  went  on  before  and  got  into  the  said  House  the 
Persons  therein  not  knowing  he  was  the  Sheriff— But  by  this 
Time  tlie  neighbouring  Inhabitants  having  discovered  them  this 
Deponent  observed  a  great  Number  of  Persons  making  towards 
the  House — That  thereupon  this  Deponent  and  one  of  the 
Persons  with  him  made  their  best  way  to  the  House,  which  they 


»nent  with  the  said 
,vrit  of  Possession 
i  picked  up  two 
issist  them— Tliat 
said  House  the 
eriff— But  by  this 
lovered  them  this 
}  making  towards 
and    one  of  the 
;ou8e,  wliich  tliey 


MEW   HAM1>8mRE  GRANTS. 


691 


found  shut  and  was  refused  admittance — And  about  this  Time 
the  .Sheriff  in  the  House  having  discovered  liimself  vvas  as  he 
informed  the  Deponent  attacked  by  a  man  with  an  axe,  but  a 
young  woman  interposed,  and  thereupon  the  Sherifif  opened  the 
Door,  and  this  Deponent  went  in. 

0.  That  as  soon  as  Possession  was  gained  here  the  defend* being 
from  home.  Possession  was  restored  to  His  Wife  and  Family  by 
the  Direction  of  one  of  the  Proprietors,  on  condition  that  it 
should  be  held  under  them — that  the  said  Isaiah  Carpenter  has 
since  voluntarily  gone  off  his  Farm,  and  that  Samuel  Rose  still 
is  in  Possession  of  his. 

p.  That  this  Complainant  has  never  hear^  of  any  other  Eject- 
ment brought  agt  any  of  the  Claimants  under  New  Hampshire, 
except  two  lately  sent  up  to  be  served  under  his  Direction  and 
which  he  is  cCTtain  are  not  yet  served,  and  one  Ejectment  some 
time  since  brought  s^alnst  one  Coh  in,  which  the  served,  this  Depo- 
nent hath  understood  and  believes  was  no  farther  prosecuted.   . " 

Q.  And  this» Deponent  further  saith  that  he  hath  never  heard 

that  any  one  Person  claimants  of  Lands  under  New  Hampshire 

hath  been  in  Prison,  in  any  suits  brought  against  him  by  any  of 

tlw  New  York   Proprietors,  or  for  any  other  matter  than  for 

Criminal  offences,  and  for  debt  due  to  other  Persons,  And  this 

Depon*  verily  believes  that  no  such  Thing  could  have  happened 

to  any  of  the  settlers  to  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Mountains, 

mthout  his  hearing  of  it. 

'■'.'<  John  Mcjnro. 

Sworn  this  27«»  Day  of  Feoruary 
1771  Before  me, 

Dan  :  HoRSMANDEN. 


A.  City  of  New  York  ss:  Simon  Stevens  an  Inhabitant  of 
the  Township  of  Charles  Town  in  the  Province  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, and  at  present  one  of  the  Members  of  the  General  Assem- 
bly or  House  of  Represehtatives  of  the  said  Province,  maketh 
oath  upon  the  Holy  Evangelists  and  saith.  That  very  soon  after 
M'  Wentworth  the  present  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  arrived 
from  England  as  Governor  of  that  Province,  he  had  conversation 


"I 


692 


CONTROVERSY  RESrECTING  THE 


i«^   ■'  * 


i:'*iV.' 


IHJ^- 


?f,  -    *" 


with  him,  in  which  he  inquired  of  the  Deponent  concerning  the 
Temper  of  the  People  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River 
upon  tlieir  being  subjected  to  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  Province 
of  New  York.  That  he  intimated  that  lie  could  easily  have  pro- 
cured their  being  again  comprehended  under  New  Hampshire 
if  they  liad  written  to  him  while  he  was  in  England  for  that 
Purpose. 

B.  That  he  expressed  his  inclination  that  some  measures 
sliould  be  taken,  to  excite  them  to  procure  a  Change  of  Govern- 
ment. 

C.  That  he  proposed  to  promote  Petitions  from  the  People  to 
accomplish  that  End,  and  asked  the  Deponent  if  he  would  be 
concerned  in  facilitating  and  circulating  a  Petition  of  that  kind. 
That  the  Deponent  refused  to  be  concerned  in  any  such  measures 
That  the  said  Governor  has  broke  the  same  subject  to  the  Depo- 
nent at  several  Times  since.  Declaring  that  if  the  People  could 
be  induced  to  sign  Petitions,  it  would  be  easy  as  he  conceived 
to  procure  an  order  for  extending  the  Jurisdiction  •f  New  Hamp- 
shire across  the  River,  so  as  to  include  them  within  that  Govern- 
ment. 

D.  That  in  the  fall  of  the  year  one  thousand  seven  hundred 
and  sixty  nine,  there  was  a  Petition  to  the  King,  carried  about 
among  the  Inhabitants  of  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River 
praying  to  be  subjected  to  New  Hampsliire,  which  the  Deponent 
believes  was  drawn  by  M^  Wentworth  himself,  the  Sentiments 
being  similar  to  what  the  Deponent  has  frequently  heard  him 
deliver  in  Language  very  similar  to  what  he  used. 

That  this  Petition  was  promoted  by  Nathan  Stone,  who  has 
lately  been  very  active  against  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York. 

That  the  Deponent  lias  also  seen  an  attested  Copy  of  another 
Petition  to  his  Majesty,  of  tlie  like  Import  with  that  above  men- 
tioned, which  has  been  lately  circulated  in  that  Count/,  and 
which  he  also  for  the  Reasons  above  mentioned  believes  was 
drawn  by  the  said  Governor. 

E.  That  the  Deponent  has  known  Lands  granted  under  New 
Hampshire  on  the  East  side  of  Connecticut  River,  to  be  regranted 
to  other  Persons  for  Default  of  the  first  Patentees  in  not  settling 
the  same,  and  that  without  any  office  being  first  found.    And 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


693 


the  Deponent  also  saith  That  it  is  very  common  in  that  Govern- 
ment to  grant  Shares  and  Interests  in  Patents  for  the  Benefit  of 
the  Governor  and  some  of  his  Cou:  I'l,  whose  Proportions  of  the 
Fees  are  born  by  the  other  Patentees. 

F.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  for  many  Tears  last 
past  he  has  been  well  acquainted  with  the  Lands  formerly  claimed . 
by  New  Hampshire,  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  that 
he  well  remembers  that  Governor  Coldens  Proclamation  of  28»^ 
Pec'  1763,  and  the  Proclamations  of  Governor  Golden  and  the 
late  Governor  Wentworth,  notifying  the  Kings  Determination  of 
the  Boundary  between  the  said  Governments  were  all  public  in 
print  of  that  Country.  That  at  the  Time  last  mentioned  there 
were  very  tew  Settlers  to  the  Eastward  of  the  Green  Moun- 
tjins,  claiming  under  New  Hampshire,  this  Deponent  believes 
there  were  not  seventy  Families,  and  those  were  scattered  in 
about  a  Dozen  Townships  on  that  River,  and  the  Chief  of  them 
in  Brattleborough,  Westminster,  Pultney  and  Rockingham,  and 
that  in  all  the  rest  of  the  numerous  Tracts  granted  by  New 
Hampshire,  from  the  North  Bounds  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  on 
Connecticut  River,  Northward  and  Northwestward,  to  the  farthest 
extent  of  the  Claim  of  New  Hampshire  on  the  West  side  of  the 
said  River,  there  was  not  at  that  Time  one  Inhabitant  this  Depo- 
nent verily  believes,  having  frequently  been  over  that  Country, 
and  was  at  that  Time  and  yet  is  well  acquainted  with  it. 

That  the  greater  Part  of  those  Settlers  were  purcliasors  for 

very  small  Considerations,  and  not  original  Patentees  of  New 

Hampshire.  ■'    .i^;?*  v^:  '•'.■;;.' -'r- -  ;r'fv.  vr    -;  ..t:-?---^:'";  ^^t;-" 

That  at  that  time  the  Degree  of  Cultivation  even  in  the  Tracts 

that  had  inhabitants  was  exceedingly  inconsiderable. 

G.  That  since  that  Time  this  Deponent  verily  believes  the 
Settlers  in  that  Country,  have  increased  Ten  fold  under  the 
Claims  of  New  Hampshire,  and  that  they  are  almost  altogether 
Purchasers  of  the  New  Hampshire  Titles  at  a  very  small  con- 
sideration, and  this  Deponent  believes  they  settled  there  in 
general,  expecting  they  should  be  obliged  to  obtain  New  Grants 
under  the  Province  of  New  York — That  by  much  the  greater 
part  of  this  Country  is  claimed  under  New  Hampshire  by  Per- 
sons who  have  never  attempted  a  Settlement  thereof,  That  even 


■,  I 


?+  * 


^i 


'tK 


^:.-..H 


^4 


'\M 


'  \ 


.  f 


. '  .( 


1    ^ 


# 


eM 


OOHTBOTUUIT  BOMOTIKO  THI 


(*■ 


at  this  Day  this  Deponent  does  not  know  one  Tract  that  ii 
settled  and  improved  according  to  the  Tenn»  expceased  in  the 
New  Hampshire  Letters  Patent,  and  tiiat  but  a  few  of  the 
Tracts  granted  by  the  late  Governor  Wentworlh  tiiete,  in  p^^. 
portion  to  the  number  of  his  Grants,  bare  to  this  Day  any 
Inhabitants,  or  been  in  any  Degree  CahiTated^ 

H,  That  by  the  Law  of  New  Hampshire  every  Township 
chooses  annually  select  men,  and  a  variety  ni  <^e/  publice 
officers,  and  are  authorized  to  hold  Town  meetii^,  %£l  which 
«re  on  the  Plan  of  the  like  Regulations  in  the  Province  of  th« 
Massachusetts  Bay.  That  the  Public  Taxes  are  levied  by  War> 
rant  from  the  select  men. 

L  That  the  Deponent  is  acquainted  with  the  Lots  granted  to 
Lieutenant  Ellington  a  reduced  offieer  in  Wetiictsfteld  and 
Springfield  that  these  were  Lots  reserved  by  the  late  Governor 
Wentworth  for  himself  as  was  his  usual  Custom^  that  besides 
these  this  Deponent  hath  never  heard  of  any  Lands  to  the  £ast 
of  the  Green  Mountains  being  granted  by  the  Government  of 
New  York,  that  were  comprized  in  uiy  of  M'  Wentworths 
Patents. 

K,  That  this  Deponent  hath  never  heard  of  any  SjectmentSy 
or  any  other  action  being  brought  by  any  Person  claiming  under 
New  York,  against  any  Person  Inhabiting  to  the  Eastward  of 
the  Green  Mountains  in  that  Country,  nor  of  any  Person  then 
being  imprisoned  except  for  Criminal  offences,  and  some  few  in 
•aits  brought  by  the  Inhabitants  there  against  each  other,  and 
this  Deponent  is  satisfied  that  no  such  Events  could  have  hap- 
pened without  his  liearing  of  them. 

L.  That  this  Deponent  does  not  know  or  believe,  that  anj 
one  of  tlie  Inhabitants  of  that  Country  was  a  Soldier  in  liis 
Majestys  Regular  Forces  at  any  Time  during  the  last  War,  but 
that  a  few  of  them  served  as  Rangers. 

M.  And  this  Deponent  furtlier  saith,  that  ^nce  his  Majestys 
Determination  of  the  Boundary  as  aforesaid,  many  of  the 
Townships  within  the  Province  of  New  York  to  the  Eastward 
of  tho  Green  Mountains  have  eontinued  to  regulate  themselFes, 
and  to  elect  their  Town  Officers  and  levy  their  Town  Taxes  in 
Conformity  to  the  New  Hampshire  Patents,  and  the  Laws  oi 


mW  BUMMBIRB  OkAXTf. 


6*6 


that  Province,  md  not  agreeable  to  the  Laws  of  New  York, 
which  have  not  been  the  Rule  of  their  Conduct— And  this  Depo- 
nent und^stands  and  believes  from  the  general  Conversations, 
that  this  hath  been  done  to  facilitate  the  annexing  of  this 
Country  to  New  Hampshire. 

jV*.  That  about  two  years  ago,  in  a  Conversation  this  Deponent 
had  with  the  present  Governor  Wentworth  he  said  to  tliis  Depo- 
nent, that  he  the  Governor  should  advise  the  People  there  to 
regulate  themselves  according  to  their  Grants  from  New  Hamp- 
shire, that  he  did  not  know  a  better  Rule  they  had  to  go  by ;  that 
he  did  not  doubt  if  they  would  be  at  any  Pains  in  Sollicitations, 
but  that  the  Lands  might  be  got  back  to  New  Hampshire,  that 
(hey  had  he  thought  been  very  slack  in  it,  and  that  he  would 
advise  the  People  to  go  on  settling  under  the  New  Hampshir* 
Grants  or  words  to  that  Effect. 

0.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  for  more  than  two 
years  past,  the  People  between  the  Green  Mountains  and  Con- 
necticut Rivor,  have  been  continually  encouraged  to  extend 
their  settlements  under  the  Claim  of  New  Hampshire  and  to 
believe  that  this  Country  would  spon  be  annexed  to  that  Govern- 
Btent,  which  Encjouragement  by  the  universal  Report  among 
•them,  came  from  Time  to  Time  from  Governor  Wentworth,  and 
which  this  Deponent  believes  to  be  true,  and  this  Deponent 
is  folly  sensible  that  had  it  not  been  for  those  Encouragements 
all  opposition  to  tlie  Government  of  New  York  would  long  aince 
have  been  at  an  End. 

P.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  he  hath  always 
understood  and  believes,  that  the  late  Governor  Wentworth 
granted  all  the  Lands  <m  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River, 
without  the  advice  df  his  Council  for  granting  the  respective 
Tracts ;  that  he  hath  understooti  that  before  he  made  any  Grants, 
he  obtained  a  general  advice  of  his  Council  for  granting  his 
Majesty's  Lands.  And  this  Deponent  saith  that  he  was  con- 
cerned in  one  of  Mr.  Wentworths  Patents  for  Lands  on  the 
West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  and  is  very  certain  he  had  not 
the  advice  of  his  Council  for  issuing  that  Patent  further  than  the 
general  advice  above  mentioned.  "^ 

Q.  That  the  nearest  Part  of  this  Country  to  Portsmouth  in 


II 


'■:'*% 


-     .♦■ 


?-i:' 


Vv' 

1,-  •' 


•  HI 


,  *: 


' 


•  ♦.■ ' 


M, 


^v-'f. 


;  '.fir 


■>H 


.m 


-■*       •»    :. 


-^ 


tfMi 


OONTROYERBT  EUPCCTING  THV 


New  Hampshire  is  one  hundred  and  Twenty  miles  as  the  Road 
goes,  which  tliis  Deponent  thlnlcs  cannot  be  shortened  more  than 
Ten  miles,  and  that  the  easiest,  most  convenient  and  cheapesi 
way,  to  the  City  of  New  Yorlc,  from  all  that  country  is  by 
Albany,  and  so  down  Hudsons  River,  without  passing  out  of 
the  Province  of  New  York. 

Simon  Stevens. 
Sworu  this  Second  Day  of  March 
1771  Before  me 

Dan  :  Horsmanden. 


♦      J 


*,  -I  * 


City  of  New  York  ss.  Samuel  Wells  of  Brattleborough  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  New  York 
Esquire,  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  and  one  of  his  Majestys  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  said 
County  being  duly  sworn  maketh  oath  that  he  lia^  resided  at 
Brattleborough  aforesaid  ever  since  the  month  of  July  1762, 
having  before  that  time  purchased  some  Lands  under  the  Let- 
ters Patent  of  the  late  Governor  Went  worth,  for  the  said  Tract 
called  Brattleborough,  and  which  purchase  hath  been  since 
confirmed  to  him  by  a  Grant  from  the  Government  of  New* 
York. 

B.  That  very  soon  after  Governor  Coldens  Proclamation 
asserting  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  Province  of  New  York  in  that 
Country,  it  was  Public  there  being  fixed  up  in  Print  in  Divers 
Places,  and  that  soon  after  the  issuing  of  the  Proclamations  by 
the  Governments  of  New  Hampshire  and  New  York,  notifying 
his  Majesty's  Determination  of  the  Boundary  between  these  two 
Governments  of  the  20*^  of  Jnly  1764  in  Council,  the  same 
were  Public  in  that  Country  being  printed  in  the  PubUc  News 
Papera. 

C.  That  at  the  time  of  the  notification  of  his  Majesty's  said 
order  in  Council,  the  Country  in  the  Province  of  New  York  to 
the  Eastward  of  tlie  Green  Mountains  had  very  few  Inliabitants 
and  that  these  were  scattered  among  about  a  Dozen  Towns  on 
or  near  Connecticut  River,  and  this  Deponent  believes  that 
at  that  time,  there  were  no  Inhabitants  in  all  that  District  up  as 


[ON  Stevens. 


VEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


697 


far  as  the  utmost  extent  of  the  former  claim  of  New  Hampshire 
Korthward  and  Northwestward  except  the  few  stragling  Inhabi- 
tants above  mentioned  and  that  these  few  Inhabitants  were  as  the 
Deponent  hath  always  understood  and  believes  in  General  Pur- 
chasers under  some  of  the  Letters  Patent  issued  by  the  late 
Governor  Wentworth  for  very  small  Considerations,  and  not 
Patentees.  That  at  that  Time  the  State  of  Cultivation  in  these 
Tracts  that  had  any  Inhabitants  was  very  inconsiderable. 

D.  That  this  Deponent  believes  there  are  now  ten  times  as 
many  Settlers  in  the  Tract  formerly  claimed  by  New  Hampshire 
aforesaid,  than  there  were  at  that  Day,  and  that  these  are  almost 
altogether  Purchasers  under  the  New  Hampshire  Patents  since 
the  notlAcation  of  the  Kings  Determination  of  the  Boundary  as 
aforesaid  a  great  many  of  whom  settled  in  expectation  of  taking 

,  out  new  Grants  from  the  Province  of  New  York,  which  they  are 
8till  desirous  of  doing,  this  Deponent  having  been  desired  by  the 
Inhabitants  of  several  Townships  to  Assist  tliem  therein. 

E.  That  a  few  of  the  Tracts  granted  by  M'  Wentworth  on  the 
Banlts  of  Connecticut  River  and  two  or  three  of  the  Townships 
near  the  Massachusetts  Line,  have  within  about  four  years  past 
increased  considerably  in  Cultivation,  tho'  even  in  these  it  bears 
bat  a  small  proportion  to  the  Quantity  of  Lands  in  these  Town- 
ships, And  that  with  respect  to  the  rest  of  the  Tracts  the  greater 
part  of  them  hftve  but  little  Cultivation  and  very  many  of  them 
none  at  all.  ■  * 

JP.  That  this  Deponent  never  iiath  heard  of  any  Ejectments 
served  by  any  Person  claiming  under  New  York  nor  of  any  other 
action  brought  by  any  of  tliem,  against  any  Person  to  the  East- 
ward of  the  Green  Mountains  except  in  two  or  three  Instances 
for  Debt  &  is  satisfied  if  any  sucli  thing  had  happened  he  must 
have  heard  of  it.  Tliat  some  few  of  the  Inhabitants  of  that 
conntry  have  been  arrested  in  Civil  Actions  brought  by  them 
against  one  another. 

G.  That  tills  Deponent  is  acquainted  with  the  Inhabitants  of 
that  Conntry  in  General  &  has  never  heard  that  any  of  th^ 
served  in  his  Mnjesty's  Regular  Forces  at  any  time  during  the 
late  War  except  one  or  two  Persons  whom  this  Deponent  hath 
heard  are  deserters— That  a  few  of  them  served  as  Rangers. 


I  '^1 


«98 


001ITR0TKR8T  WMMnCtlttO  THK 


It 


,0|^ 


£r.  That  within  about  two  years  past  the  People  in  that  Conn. 
try  have  been  induced  to  Conceive  Expectations  that  this  p«rt 
of  the  Country  would  soon  bee  annexed  to  New  Hampshire,  that 
Reports  and  Encouragements  of  that  nature  liave  been  continually 
oireulatlng  among  them  ever  since,  which  were  generally  reported 
and  believed  in  that  Country  from  time  to  time  to  have  coofe 
from  Governor  Wcntworth,  and  this  Deponent  himself  believei 
the  same  to  be  true. 

I  That  somethiAg  above  a  Twelvemont  ago  a  Petitioa  to  his 
Mi^esty  was  circulated  thro'  that  Country  for  Subacriptiont  for 
that  End  as  this  Deponent  understands  and  believes,  which 
Petition  was  at  that  time  and  ever  since  generally  reported  there 
to  have  been  drawn  by  Governor  Wentworth — That  this  Peti- 
tion was  generally  reported  and  this  D^onent  believes  the  same 
to  be  true,  to  have  been  subscribed  by  a  great  many  Persons 
not  Inhabitants  of  that  Country,  but  of  New  Hampshire  and  else 
where,  and  that  in  general  the  Names  of  the  Children  of  the 
Inhabitants  down  to  Twelve  years  of  Age  and  under  were  said 
to  have  been  subscribed  thereto  as  Petitioners — which  Petition 
this  Deponent  hath  understood  hath  been  some  time  since  Trans- 
mitted to  England  by  Governor  Wentworth. 

K.  That  last  Fall  another  Petition  to  his  Majesty  for  the  like 
purpose,  was  caisried  about  thro'  that  Country  for  Subscription 
as  this  Deponent  understands  and  believes  that  this  Deponent 
saw  the  original  thereof  as  it  was  Called  of  wliich  he  took  a 
eopy,  whioli  original  was  wrote  in  a  very  £iir  Hand,  and  was 
eurrently  reported  there  to  hav«  been  drawn  at  Portsmoutli  by 
the  present  Governor  Wentworth,  and  to  have  been  by  him  sent 
op  into  that  Country  by  Benjamin  Whiting  who  has  long  acted 
M  one  of  M'  Wentworths  Deputies,  as  Surveyor  of  the  Kings 
Woods,  to  be  copied  for  subscriptions  all  which  this  Deponent 
verily  believes  to  be  true,  and  also  that  it  was  generally  believed 
by  the  People  there,  this  Deponent  having  frequently  heard  these 
Btports  mentioued  in  Conversation  and  never  heard  a  sugges- 
tion to  the  conlrary. 

L.  That  it  wa»  Reported  that  one  Copy  thereof  was  to  be 
made  to  be  handed  about  in  eaeh  Township,  and  this  Deponent 
has  ij?e^eatly  heavd  and  believes  that  many  Copies  thereof  were 


iM^i 


r 


HXW  HAMPSUIKK  ORAMTS.^ 


699 


gjgde  and  carried  about  for  Subscription  and  that  it  was  their 
General  Practice  to  Obtain  Subscriptions  of  Persons  under  age 

thereto. 

M.  That  this  Deponent  believes  that  very  few  if  any  of  the 
Settlers  on  the  Southerly  part  of  this  Tract  to  the  East  of  the 
(D^  Mountains,  si^^ned  the  said  Petition  last  mentioned,  as 
U^y  are  almost  universally  desirous  of  remaining  in  the  Province 
of  New  York  and  this  Deponent  is  well  convinced  that  of  the 
vhole  Inhabitants  of  tlie  Counties  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucest^ 
a  great  majority  are  desirous  of  remaining  within  tlie  Jurisdio- 
tion  of  the  Government  of  New  York,  the  strength  of  the  oppo- 
sition thereto  laying  in  the  Townships  of  Windsor  Newbury  and 
Westminster,  and  among  some  scattered  Inhabitants  in  some  few 
other  Towns. 

JV.  And  this  Deponent  firmly  believes  and  has  heard  a  great 
many  of  the  Inhabitants  of  that  Country  frequently  declare  the 
lilce,  that  there  would  long  since  have  been  an  end  to  their 
opposition  to  the  Government  of  New  York  had  they  not  been 
animated  by  the  continued  encouragement  received  from  time 
to  time  from  Governor  Wentworth  as  aforesaid. 

Sam*-  WsuLSi 

Sworn  this  2''  Day  of  March 
1771,  Before  me 

Dan  .  HOBSMAITDEN. 


M.  City  of  New  York  as  :  Oliver  Willaro  Esquire  one  of 
the  Assistant  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  for 
the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  New  York  makes 
Oath  upon  the  Holy  Evangelists,  That  he  is  an  Inhabitant  of  the 
Town  of  Hertford  in  the  said  County,  .formerly  grantM  by 
Patent  under  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  and  since  by 
Patent  under  tlie  Province  of  New  York  to  tlie  New  Hampshire 
Grantees.  That  some  Time  since  the  Deponent  employed  W 
John  Kurd,  who  is  private  Secretary  to  M'  Wentworth  the 
present  Governor  of  New  Hampsliire,  to  sue  out  a  Patent  for 
five  Islands  in  Connecticut  River,  four  of  which  are  opposite  to 
the  said  Township  of  Hertford,  and  three  of  them  conceived  tp 


TOO 


CONTROVERiy    KUPCCTIKO   TIIK 


■if  '■<.■  k  ' 

if,    ■;.  *    ♦ 


U 


•*.* 


♦,. 


have  been  comprehended  in  the  said  Patent  under  New  Hainp. 
•hire. 

B.  That  afterwards  in  August  last,  the  Deponent  went  to 
Portsmouth  and  waited  on  M'  Wentworth,  wlio  expressed  his 
approbation  that  the  Deponent  should  have  a  grant  of  theie 
■Islands,  and  directed  him  to  M""  Ringe  Surveyor  General  to  Jet 
the  propiT  surveys  performed.  That  M'  Ringe  who  is  tiie 
Governors  Undo  Autliorlzed  his  Deputy  to  make  the  Survey 
but  the  work  is  not  yet  perforined,  it  being  postponed  as  the 
Deponeut  supposed  til  the  River  was  frozen,  and  the  Islands 
might  be  surrounded  on  tlie  Ice. 

C.  That  some  time  in  the  latter  End  of  December  last,  the 
Deponent  received  a  letter  from  the  said  M'  Hurd,  In  the  words 
and  figures  following^"  Portsm*  20t»>  Dec'  1770  Sir,  I  have 
"  received  your  Letter  per  Cupt  Wlieatly  whose  good  Chaiacte 
"  will  I  believe  obtain  for  liim  the  Commission  desired—Your 
"  make  no  mention  nor  liave  1  heard  any  tiling  from  you  about 
"  the  Right  in  Belham  fur  which  I  have  y  Obligation  to  deliver 
"  a  Deed  of  the  same  within  three  Mo*  I  trust  you  wont  forget 
« the  matter  nor  neglect  securing  tlie  Right  in  Time.  Your 
"  Petition  for  the  Island  in  Connecticut  River  I  am  afraid  will 
"  not  succeed,  as  there  has  been  some  Information  lately  of  your 
"  Conduct  respecting  the  affairs  on  the  West  side  tlie  River 
"  which  seems  to  injure  y  Interest  at  Portsm"  &  may  prevent y» 
"success  of  yf  Petition — this  I  thou'  best  to  mention  to  you  that 
"  you  may  not  think  it  owing  to  my  neglect  I  am  S""  yf  hum 
«  Serv*  John  Hurd.  Major  Oliver  Willard."  That  the  said  Letteri 
of  the  proper  Hand  Writing  of  the  said  M'  Hurd,  tlie  Deponent 
having  seen  him  write.  And  the  Deponent  verily  believesthat 
the  true  reason  why  his  application  for  a  Grant  of  tlie  said 
Islands  will  not  probably  succeed,  is  from  a  disgust  excited  by 
the  Deponents  conduct  and  known  Zeal  for  maintaining  the 
authority  of  the  Government  of  New  York,  on  the  West  side  of 
Connecticut  River,  in  Conformity  to  the  Royal  Order  of  the 
Twentieth  of  July  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty  four, 
This  Deponent  having  been  Instrumental  towards  preventing 
the  late  Riots  and  Disordei-s  in  the  'Township  of  Windsor,  in 
which  divers  persons  with  Nathan  Stone  were  very  active. 


p, 


MEW  lUMPtlllBC  OAAltTS.    *3' 


701 


J).  And  the  Deponent  further  8alth,that  there  was  a  Reserva- 
tion in  *''«  N*-'^^  llumpshire  Oruut  of  the  said  Township  of 
Hertford,  of  five  hundred  ucrcs  for  the  Governor  of  that  Colony. 
Xiiat  Sundry  of  the  Council  of  th<»  paid  Province  Imd  shares  and 
Interests  in  tlie  Lands  thereby  granted.  Tlmt  this  was  usual  in 
t]j|  Patents  issued  in  that  Province,  That  lie  lias  Idmself  been 
concerned  in  sueing  out  five  Patents  under  the  Great  Seal  of 
{(ew  Hampshire,  and  that  he  always  understood  that  the 
Governor  and  Council  of  tliat  Colony  paid  no  Proportion  of  the 
fees  but  that,  that  Burden  was  born  by  otlier  Patentees,  That 
the  same  Rights  and  Shares  secured  in  the  New  Hampshire 
Grant  of  the  Town  of  Hertford,  for  the  Society  for  propaga- 
ting tlie  Gospel  and  other  Public  uses,  were  also  secured  for 
tiie  same  Purposes  in  repatenting  of  that  Township  under  the 
Great  Seal  of  New  York. 

£.  Tiiat  the  Deponent  did  not  sign  the  late  petition  to  his  Ma- 
jesty circulated  among  the  Inhabitants  of  Cumberland  County  in 
(avor  of  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York,  because  be  was  fearfull 
that  it  might  obstruct  him  in  his  said  application  to  New  Hamp- 
shire, for  the  Grant  of  the  Islands  abovementioned. 

F.  That  this  Deponent  has  been  an  Inhabitant  of  Hertford 
aforesaid  for  eight  years  last  past,  and  well  remembers  that  the 
Proclamations  by  the  Governments  of  New  York  and  New  Hamp- 
shire, notifying  his  Majestys  Determination  of  tlie  Boundary 
between  those  Governments  were  very  Fublickly  known  in  that 
Country  soon  after  they  issued.  That  at  that  Time  he  believes 
there  might  be  about  one  iiundred  Families  settled  in  all  that 
Comitry  Eastward  of  the  Green  Mountains,  formerly  claimed  by 
New  Hampshire,  now  comprized  witliin  tlie  Counties  of  Cum- 
berland and  Gloucester,  and  that  those  Inhabitants  were  scat- 
tered through  about  Twenty  Tracts  or  Townships  of  about  six 
miles  square  each,  and  principally  along  Connecticut  River. 

G.  That  the  Degree  of  Cultivation  at  that  Day,  even  in  the 
Towns  that  had  Inhabitants  was  very  small,  and  not  in  one  of 
them  had  the  Terms  or  Conditions  of  Settlement  and  Cultivation 
contained  in  the  New  Hampshire  Letters  Patent,  been  by  far 
complied  with.  • 

That  since  the  notificatioD  of  his  Majesty's  Order  in  Council 


'\ 


li 


»        ' 


'  ^*r 


^V?*  **F> 


m':  ^'■^'''  ■ 


^^^ 


.* 

H'^ 


rl  V  f.,« 


t   ;. 


S:*i   Y 


5-1    ? 


*•■'■?    ' 


•r 


i  s 
*,  J 


702 


CONTBOYSRST   KESFECTINO  THE 


above  mentioned,  People  have  been  continually  flocking  into 
that  Country,  claiming  under  New  Hampshire,  and  in  general 
under  Purchases  made  by  them  since  the  said  notification,  and  on 
small  Considerations  as  to  the  Value  of  the  Lands  had  the  Title 
been  good.  That  a  great  many  of  these  Purchases  and  Settle- 
ments were  made  upon  an  Expectation  of  being  obliged  to  sue 
out  new  Grants  from  the  Government  of  New  York  for  the 
same  Lands.         •'  *  < 

I.  That  this  Deponent  was  well  acquainted  with  the  late 
Governor  Wentworth,  and  knows  his  manner  of  granting  the 
Crown  Lands,  the  said  Governor  told  this  Deponent  when  he 
sued  out  the  first  of  the  five  grants  above  mentioned,  that  there 
was  no  need  of  calling  the  Council  for  their  advice  therein,  as 
he  had  obtained  about  the  Close  of  the  last  War  their  general 
advice  for  granting  the  Lands  on  Connecticut  River,  on  the 
West  side  of  which  these  five  Townships  lay.  That  with  respect 
to  two  of  these  Tracts  this  Deponent  made  only  a  verbal  appli- 
cation  to  him,  who  thereupon  gave  him  a  note  to  the  Secretary 
who  accordingly  issued  tlie  Letters  Patent,  all  of  which  passed 
without  any  Survey,  except  of  the  River  by  Joseph  Blanchard 
Esquire,  and  without  any  other  advice  of  Council  but  the  Gene- 
ral Advice  above  mentioned. 

K.  That  this  Deponent  hath  never  heard  of  any  Ejectment  or 
other  Action  brought  against  any  Person  on  the  East  side  of  the 
Green  Mountains,  by  any  Person  Claiming  under  New  York,  nor 
of  any  Person  there  being  imprisoned,  except  for  Criminal  Mat- 
ters, {uid  in  Suits  brought  by  the  Inhabitants  of  that  Country 
against  each  other,  nor  of  any  Persons  property  being  wrested 
from  him,  except  that  he  has  heard  that  some  ot  the  Lots  reserved 
by  the  late  Governor  Wentworth  for  himself  in  some  of  his 
Grants  have  been  granted  to  others  by  the  Government  of  New 
York.  And  this  Deponent  verily  believes  that  no  such  Things 
could  liave  happened  without  his  hearing  of  them. 

L.  That  soon  after  the  present  Governor  Wentworth  took  on 
him  tlie  Administration  of  this  Government,  the  Claimants  under 
New  Hampshire  on  the  West  of  Connecticut  River,  were  led  to 
conceive  great  Expectations  of  that  Country's  being  annexed  to 
the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  as  well  by  Reason  of  his 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


703 


Majesty's  Commands  to  Sir  Henry  Moore  to  grant  no  more  of 
these  Lands  until  further  Order,  as  from  the  encouragements 
continually  circulating  thro  that  Country  to  that  Import,  which 
were  there  universally  said  and  believed  to  come  from  Time  to 
Time  from  Governor  Wentworth,  and  this  Deponent  has  no  doubt 
that  had  it  not  been  for  those  repeated  Encouragements,  the 
People  would  have  been  long  since  easy  and  content  under  the 
Jurisdiction  of  the  Province  of  New  York.  And  this  Deponent 
is  very  sure  that  the  Majority  of  the  Inhabitants  of  that  Country 
are  satisfied  in  remaining  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York, 
and  that  the  Strength  of  Opposition  thereto,  except  on  the  West 
side  of  the  Green  Mountains  is  in  the  Inhabitants  of  Windsor  and 
Westminster.  '* 

Jif.  That  this  Deponent  was  in  the  month  of  August  last  at 
Portsmouth  in  New  Hampshire,  and  was  desired  by  George  Jef- 
fries Esquire  Treasurer  of  New  Hampshire  to  breakfast  with 
him,  which  he  did — That  the  said  M-^  Jeflfries  desired  this  Depo- 
nent to  attend  while  he  read  a  Representation  on  the  part  of  New 
Hampshire  respecting  the  Lands  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut 
River  in  the  Province  of  New  York,  and  the  Distresses  of  the 
Settlers  there  under  New  Hampshire,  which  the  said  M'  Jefifries 
told  the  Deponent  was  to  be  transmitted  to  his  Majesty,  that 
accordingly  this  Deponent  heard  the  said  Representation  read 
by  M'  Jeffries,  and  that  it  contained  Variety  of  Matter  which 
this  Deponent  of  his  own  knowledge  knows  to  be  false,  and  in- 
formed the  said  M'  Jeflfries  at  that  Time  particularly  thereof. 

Ol«  Willa&d.    * 

Sworn  this  second  day  of  March 
1771  Before  me 

Dan  Horsmandek. 


City  of  New  York  ss:  James  Van  Cortlandt  of  the  Youkers  of  the 
County  of  Westchester  Esquire  being  duly  sworn  maketh  oath  that 
in  the  Summer  of  the  yeai*  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty 
four  this  Deponent  was  at  Albany  wliere  Information  was  brought 
tliat  a  number  of  Persons  pretending  Title  under  New  Hamp- 
shire had  collected  together  and  were  distressing  several  persons 


<     1 

► 

u 


I'-i' 


'3h^.i 


fii('\ 


V-f 


"  v;  ■ 


I 


■\ 


704 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE 


holding  lands  under  the  Grants  of  tliis  Government  of  New  York 
in  the  Patents  of  Hosiek  and  Renslaerswyck  or  one  of  tliem 
that  they  had  seized  and  drove  off  the  Cattle  of  some  of  tliesaid 
Tenants    and  had  seized  the  Grain  of  one  of  them  named 
Bostiau  Deal,  and  that  they  intended  to  distress  every  person 
holding  within  their  Claifn,  who  would  not  submit  to  hold  under 
therti  That  thereupon  Hermanus  Schuyler  then  Sheriff  of  the 
City  and  County  of  Albany,  and  two  magistrates  of  the  County 
of  Albany  went  to  the  Place  where  it  was  said  these  Riotous 
Proceedings  were  committing  in  order  to  suppress  the  same,  the 
Sheriff  taking  a  Posse  with  him,  of  which  this  Deponent  made 
Part.    That  they  left  the  City  of  Albany  on  Saturday  and 
arrived  on  tlie  Sunday  at  Hosiek  where  tliey  were  again  inform- 
ed of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Rioters  as  above  set  forth  and  they 
were  gone  to  Bennington  and  threatened  to  return  again  on 
Monday  Morning  and  accordingly  about  the  break  of  the  Day 
on  Monday  Morning  the  Sheriff  and  his  Party  were  informed 
that  the  Rioters  were  returned,  and  immediately  the  Sheriff  and 
his  Party  went  in  Pursuit  of  them  and  found  them  at  about 
two  miles  Distance  on  the  said  Patent  called  Hosiek  where  the 
Sheriff  arrested  three  or  four  of  the  Rioters  among  whom  were 
Samuel  Robinson,  one  Ashley  who  said  he  was  a  Sheriff  and  one 
Horseford  and  carried  them  to  the  City  of  Albany  where  they 
were  committed  to  Goal,  and  from  wlience  they  were  afterwards 
bailed,  and  Indicted  for  their  said  offences  as  this  Deponent  hath 
been  informed  and  believes  and  this  Deponent  further  says  that 
he  was  heard  and  believes  that  the  said  Samuel  Robinson,  Ashley 
and  Horseford  have  not  been  brought  to  trial  for  the  said  offences. 

James  V.  Cortlamdt. 
Sworn  this  fourth  day  of  March 

1771.  Before  me 

Dan  :  Horsmanden. 


It 


C'ly  of  New  York  ss  :  John  Kelly  of  the  City  of  New  York 
Gentleman  being  duly  sworn  on  tlie  Holy  Evangelists,  Peposeth 
and  saith,  that  Benjamin  Burt  of  Westminister  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  and  Province  of  New  York,  one  of  the  persons  that 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


705 


Circulated  a  Petition  addressed  to  his  Majesty  in  the  month  of 
Decerorber  last  in  Westminster  to  be  subscribed  by  the  luliabit- 
ants  thereof,  praying  that  the  Lands  situate  Westward  of  the  • 
River  Connecticut  in  this  Province  might  be  reannexed  to  the 
Province  of  New  Hampshire,  shewed  this  Deponent  the  said 
Petition  and  told  him  the  deponent  that  the  SoUicitoi-s  for  sub- 
scriptions to  the  said  Petition  made  it  a  general  rule  to  take  the 
Subscriptions  thereto  of  persons  Inhabitants  of  that  tract  down 
to  the  age .  of  sixteen  years. 

B.  And  that  thete  was  a  Petition  of  the  same  Tenor  with  the 
one  above  mentioned  prepared  for  each  Tract  of  Land  granted 
by  M'  Wentworth  late  Governor  of  the  province  of  New  Hamp- 
shire Westward  of  the  River  Connecticut  in  order  to  be  sub- 
scribed for  the  aforesaid'purpose.  '  i     ■ 

C.  Tliat  tliis  deponent  was  also  informed  that  one  of  the  said 
Petitions  was  handed  about  for  subscriptions  in  Rockingham 
Westward  of  the  said  River  Connecticut  in  the  Month  of  Decem- 
ber last  by  one  Peter  Bellows  a  son  of  one  of  the  New  Hampshire 
Magistrates  but  that  very  few  of  tlie  Inhabitants  of  said  Tract 
would  subscribe  the  same.  That  Robert  Heavens  of  Sharon  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland  shewed  this  Deponent  another  of  th©v 
said  Petitions  which  he  the  said  Heavens  declared  he  received 
from  Benjamin  Bellows  Junior  another  son  of  the  said  Ne\r 
Hampshire  Magistrate  who  resided  at  Wallpole  in  the  Province 
of  New  Hampshire  in  order  to  be  Circulated  for  subscription  as 
aforesaid  and, that  at  the  time  the  said  Heavens  shewed  the 
Deponent  said  petition  there  were  only  Eight  or  nine  subscribers 
thereto  which  said  Heavens  informed  the  Deponent  was  the  only 
persons  in  said  Sharon  that  would  subscribe  the  same.  That 
Nathan  Stone  one  of  the  Rietors  of  Windsor  in  the  County  of 
Cnmbt  'land  shewed  this  Deponent  another  of  the  said  petitions 
which  he  said  was  delivered  hira  in  order  to  be  subscribed  as 
aforesaid  but  that  there  was  no  subscribers  thereto  at  the  Time 
the  said  Stone  shewed  the  same  to  this  Deponent. 

D.  That  this  Deponent  has  in  his  possession  a  map  which  he 
and  another  person  procured  from  a  Gentleman  of  New  Hamp- 
shire as  an  Authantick  Draft  of  the  Lands  said  to  be  Granted  by 
the  late  Governor  Wentworth  on  the  West  side  of  the  River 

Vol.  IV.       „  45 


l>::',r 


>;■ 


:i 


^-1 


i" 


.     i 


•*' 


BJsHiL  f  ^,  ^"t*    -■    ♦ 


*     _'  »       « 


706 


^ 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE 


Connecticut  with  the  dates  of  tlie  respective  Patents  by  whic'u  it 
appears  there  are  in  the  whole  about  one  hundred  and  twenty 
nine  Tracts  for  which  the  said  Governor  Wentworth  issued 
Patents  as  aforesaid  wliich  several  Patents  and  tlieir  respective 
Dates  as  they  appear  on  the  said  map  are  as  follows  Bennington 
M  January  1749,  Halifax  lli*»  May  1750,  Marlborough  19ih 
April  1751,  Wilmington  29"*  April  1751,  Westminister  9<b 
November  1752,  Bockingliam  28"»  December  1752,  Woodford 
6t>>  March  1753,  Stamford  6th  March  1753,  Pane  11th  June  I753 
Towushend  20*»>  June  1753,  Hinsdale  3d  Sep'  1753,  Brattlebo- 
rough  26t»>  December  1753,  Fulhara  26th  December  1753,  Putney 
26th  December  1753,  Flamstead  22  February  1754,  Guilford  2«i 
April  1754,  Tomlenson  6th  April  1754,  Pownal  8*h  January  1761 
Hartford  4tii  July  1761,  Norwich  4  July  1761,  KilUngton  7th  July 
1761,  Pomfread  S"*  July  1761,  Windsor  6th  July  1761,  Reading 
6t">  July  1761,  Saltash  6th  July  1761,  Hertford  IQth  July  ngi^ 
Woodstock  lOth  July  1761,  Bridgewater  IQth  July  1761,  Arling- 
ton 28t«»  July  1761,  Sunderland  July  29*  1761,  Stratton  30"> 
July  1761,  Bernard  17t''  July  1761,  Stockbridge  21''t  July  nej 
Sharon  n*>'  August  1761  Wethersfleld  Aug'  20th  1761,  Glossen- 
bury  Aug*  20»''  1761,  Shaftsbury  August  20t'»  1761,  Rupert 
August  201"  1761,  Dorset  August  20th  n^i^  Springtield  August 
20»h  1761,  Pawlet  August  261"  1761,  Danby  August  27t''  1761, 
Harwick  28th  August  1761,  Shrewsbury  4th  ggpr  1701^  Clarendon 
5th  September  1761,  Sommerset  Sep'  9th  17^1^  Rutland  T^ 
September  1761,  Wells  15*h  September  1761,  Tinniouth  15«> 
September  1761,  Winhall  I5»h  September  1761,  Ludlow  W^ 
September  1761,  ^ianchester  11th  August  1761,  Sandgate  ll'b 
August  1761,  Poultney  21^*  September  1761,  Castleton  22J  Sep- 
tern'  1761,  Thetford  12th  August  1761,  Strafford  12th  August 
1761,  Tunbridge  3^  September  1761,  Fairlee  9th  September  1761, 
Brnnily  October  13th  1761,  Andover  October  13th  1701,  Cavin- 
disli  12th  October  1761,  Leicester  Oct'  20th  noi,  Nashobee 
October  20th  1761,  Wallingsford  November  27*1'  17C1,  Guild 
Hall  October  lO"*  1761,  Granby  October  10th  1761,  Maidstone 
12th   October  1761,  Ferdinand  13th  October  1761,-  Brunswick 
13th  October  1761,  Winlock  9ih  October  1761,  Addison  m 
October  1761,  Cornwall  14«»»  October  1761.  New  Haven  2^ 


f- 


s 


nts  by  whic'ii  it 
red  and  twenty 
ntworth  issued 
their  respective 
ows  Bennington 
arlborough  19ti» 
Vestminister  9'h 

1752,  Woodford 
e  n»»»  June  1753 

1753,  Brattlebo- 
ber  1753,  Putney 
L754,  Guilford  2<i 
gth  January  1761, 
tillington  7th  July 

Lly  1761,  Reading 
d  IQth  July  1761, 
luly  1761,  Arling- 
761,  Stratton  30i»> 
age  21»t  July  1761 
iO^b  1761,Glossen- 
tot"  1761,  Rupert 
Springfield  August 
August  271"  1761, 
ipf  1761,  Clarendon 
1761,  Rutland  7"' 
1,  Tinmouth  W^ 
761,  Ludlow  W^ 
761,  Sandgatell"' 
I,  Castleton  22^  Sep- 
■afford  12th  August 
loth  September  1761, 
I3ih  17G1,  Cavin- 
ith  1761,  Nashobee 
ir  27t''  1761,  Guild 
|th  1761,  Maidstone 
,r  1761,-  Brunswick 
761,  Addison  W^ 
1.  New  Haven  2^ 


1^ 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


707 


Kovember  1761,  Waybridge  NoV  3J  1761,  Middleborough  2<> 
November  1761,  Salsbilry  3d  November  1761,  Charlotta  June 
34ti«  1762,  Hindsborough  21**  June  1762,  Ferrisburgh  June  24"" 

1762,  Monckton  24*''  June  1762,  Averell,  June  291"  i762,  Lewis 
29*''  June  1762,  Pocock  June  26*i'  1762,  Luninbourgh  S**"  July 

1763,  Burlington  7  June  1763,  Williston  7  June  1763,  New 
Huntington  7*''  June  1763,  Duxsbury  7*^  June  1763,  Mooreton  7*^ 
June  1763,  Berlin  7  June  1763,  Essex  7th  June  1763,  CholCliester 
Jime  7th  1763,  Bolton  June  7*^  1763,  Waterbury  J\ine  7th  1703^ 
MUton  June  8th  1753,  Westford  June  8th  1763,  Underbill  June 
8*  1763,  Mansfield  8th  June  1763,  Stow  June  8th  1763,  Worces- 
ter June  8th  1763,  Middlesex  June  8th  1763,  Jerrico  June  8th 
1763,  Georgia  August  17th  1763,  S'  Albans  17th  August  1763, 
Swanton  August  17th  1763,  High  Gate  August  17th  I763,0rwall 
August  18thl'763,  Slielburn  18th  August  1763,  S' George  18th 
August  1763,  Hungerford  18th  August  1763,  Smithfield  18th 
August  1763,  Fairfield  August  18th  1763,  Fairfax  18th  August 

1763,  Sudbury  6th  August  1763,  Whiting  6th  August  1763, 
Newbury  18th  May  1763,  Topsham  17th  June  1763,  Rygate  8th 
September  1763,  Barnet  September  16th  1763,  Peacham  Dec 
31»t  1763,  Pittsford  15th  June  1764,  Hubberton  15th  june  1764, 
Dttnbar  15th  June  1764,  Minehead  29^h  June  1762,  Limmington 
29*1'  June  1762,  Panton  3«i  November  1764,  Corinth  4  Febuary 

1764.  .        .,..!.-.■...  •    • 

E.  That  this  Deponent  is  well  acquainted  thro  a  great  part  of 
tliat  Country  and  saith  that  of  those  numerous  Tracts  a  small 
proportion  of  them  have  any  Inhabitants  Claiming  under  New 
Hampshire  and  that  tliese  in  General  are  on  some  of  the  Tracts 
on  and  near  Connecticut  River,  and  on  some  Tracts  to  the  West- 
ward of  the  Green  Mountains  And  that  in  these  Tracts  to  the 
East  of  the  Green  Mountains  that  have  the  most  Inhabitants  the 
Cultivation  is  but  small  in  proportion  to  the  Quantity  of  the 

unds  in  those  Tracts  respectively 

John  Kelly. 
Sworn  this  6th  Day  of  March 

1771  Before  me  ^     ' 

Dan:  Horsmanden. 


-•I 


:\ 


I'    r 


i.  i^' 


».  ■. 


s  / 


i'^. 


i-:n' 


708 


COMTROYERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


INHABITANTS  OF  THE  COUNTY  OF  CUMBERLAND,  1771. 

Whites  males  under  16 I07i 

Whites  males  above  16  and  under  60 1002 

Whites  males  60  and  upwards 59 

Whites  females  under  16 941 

Whites  females  above  16 862 

Blacks  males  under  16 q 

Blacks  raale^  above  16  and  under  60 .'.       ^ 

Blacks  males  60  and  upwards 1 

Blacks  females  under  16 3 

Blacks  females  above  16 , 2 

Whites  3935  Witness  my  Hand  at  Brattleborough  in  the 

Blacks       12  County  of  Cumberland  the  15^  Day  of 

May  A.  D.  1771. 

Total  3947  Dan*  Whipple  Sheriff. 

■'/'  •"••';■<■''<    ■■■■■  :  :  _  .  -'  '■■   '  "  '••  '  ■• 


INHABITANTS  IN  THE  €OUNTY  OF  GLOUCESTER,  1771. 

Whites  males  under  16 175 

Whites  males  above  16  and  under  60 135 

Whites  males  60  and  upwards % 

Whites  females  under  16 , 193 

Wliites  females  above  16 , ; 151 

Blacks  males  under  16 2 

Blacks  males  above  16  and  under  60 4 

Blacks  males  60  and  upwards 0 

Blacks  females  under  16 , ,       1 

Blacks  females  above  16 0 

Wliites  755  Witness  my  Hand  at  Newbury  in  tlie 

Blacks        7  County  of  Glorvrc'er  the  <7t''Dayof 

May  1771 

Total  762  John  Taplin  Jun'  Sherf: 


..."*> 


NBW  UAMPSHIBE  GBANT». 


709 


A  LIST  OP  THE  HEADS  OF  THE  FAMILIES 

IN  THE  SEVERAL  TOWNS   HEREAFTER  MENTIONED    IN    THE    COUNTY 

OF    GLOUCESTER.    1771. 


' 

■:|| 

.  ; 

•■  •* 

» 

NKWBimT 

Robert  Johnston 
Err  Chamberlin 
Thos  Chamberlin 
Danl  Tillotson 
Jacob  Bayley 
David  Weeks 
Jonathan  Fowler 
Ephrahn  Bayley 
Peter  Powers 
Thomas  Johnson 
Samuel  Hale 
Ephraim  Spaffbrd 
Moses  Tliursten 
Prye  Bayley 
Gideon  Smith 
Elisha  Johnson 
Uriah  Chamberlin 
John  Foremou 
Abial  Chamberlin 
Venice  Heath 
Nathaniel  Chamberlin 

Stephen  McConnall 

Saml  Barnett 

Hagness  Johnson 

Jonathan  Butterfleld 

Jon'n  Goodwin 

John  Mills 

John  Hasletine 

Joseph  White        ^  ... 

Jacob  Kent 

Robt  Hunkins        >, 

Ebenezer  White 

Simeon  Stephens 

Ezekial  Colboy 

Abn,er  Fowler 

Abner  Fowler  Junr 

John  Nutting 

Levy  Sylvester 

Nchcmiah  Lovewell 

Josh:  Chamberlin 

Richd  Chamberlin. 

Enoch  Hall 

Danl  HaU 


John  Taplin  Junr 
Robt  Hasletine 
Jacob  Fowler 

ItfoORE  TowK. 
Robt  Kennady 
James  Horner 
David  Thompson 
William  Thompson 
William  Bell 
Ebeneser  Martin     '• 
John  Martin 
Obededam  Saunders 
Noah  White 
Ephraim  Martin 
Nathl  Martin 
John  Peters 
Saml  Miller  , 

JamesMiller 
Matthew  Miller 
James  Aikin 
Jesse  McFarlin 
Saml  Gait 
Saml  M«Dnffie      • 
Hezikiah  Sillaway 
Amos  Davis 
Benj  Jenkins 
Ephraim  Collins  "    '' 
Hugh  Miller  >, 

John  Sawyer 
Benoni  Wright 
Widdow  Hannah  Sleeper 
Samuel  Davis 

BaRNBTT,   RVEaATE  LtTN- 

ENBUROH  ft  Guildhall. 
Aaron  Hosmir 
Jacob  Hall 
Elijah  Hall 
Uriah  Moss 
Ruben  Powers 
Timothy  Nash 
Ebenezer  Richardson 
John  Sawyer 


Enoch  Hatt 

THBTTt}Kl>- 

Samuel  Gillett 
Jonn  Howard 
Noah  Sweetlon 
John  Golson 
Joseph  Downef 
Joseph  Horseford       ,< 
Benj  Colborn 
Raben  Strong 
John  Strong 
William  Moortf     ''      ' 
Israel  Smith  i     , 

Saml  Wise 
Saml  Osborne  /> 

Ebenezer  Green 
Abner  Chamberlin 
David  ChamberUa 
Elijah  Howard 
Edwd  Howard 
Thos  Chumley. 
Bnj.  Chamberlin' 
Timothy  BartholodMBitfi 
Jon:  Sumney 
Abner  Howard'    '    '  ' 
Peter  Grant 
Edwd  Howard  Joar 
John  Chamberlid 
Richd  Baxter 
Amos  Chamberlin 
Elihu  Horseford 

..    STAnOSDI 
James  Pinnock 
Wm  Chamberlin 
Wm  Pinnock 
Ezekiel  Parish 
Isaac  Baldwin 
Danl  West 
Aaron  Pinnock 
Saml  Pinnook 
Jesse  Pinnock 


/  .- ) 


\*n 


'it 


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t 


710 


CnifTBOyKRST  RE8PE0TIN0  THX 


ESQ.  MUNRO  TO  SECT  BANYAR. 


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il^,    '^ 

Sir. 


Fowli8,  May  301*1771. 


I  inclose  you  different  affidavits  taken  before  me  concerning 
the  conduct  of  the  Inhabitants  of  this  County  in  order  that  tlie 
Oovernment  may  do  something  Speedily  to  prevent  their  Riot- 
ous behaviour  every  person  that  pretends  to  be  a  ffriend  to  this 
Government  are  in  danger  of  both  Life  and  property,  for  my 
own  part  I  have  done  every  thing  that  might  be  means  to  prevail, 
but  all  to  no  purpose  for  every  act  of  Friendship  that  the  Govern- 
ment and  Ministers  of  Justice  shows  them  seems  to  rais  their 
Spirits  as  if  the  whole  Government  were  afraid  of  them.  They 
assemble  themselves  togither  in  the  night  time  and  throws  down 
all  the  Yorkers  Fences  h'^  as  we  are  called  and  Drives  the  cattle 
into  the  Filds  and  meadows'  and  destroys  both  Grass  and  corn, 
and  do  every  mischief  they  can  think  of.  Pardon  the  inoperfec- 
tion  of  this  and  the  other  papers  herewith  sent  you  as  I  am  in 
oonfution  my  House  being  full  of  Rioters  and  the  Felon  that 
Shot  the  Horse  going  to  Goal  which  the  Constable  secured,  and 
by  his  confession  two  more  are  cdncemedi  but  I  doubt  if  we  can 

secure  them.    I  am  in  hast  Sir 

Your  Obed*  Servant 

John  Monro. 

To  Goldsbrow  Baynard  Esq'  -r  , 


■  )))->' 


AFFIDAVITS  ENCLOSED. 

Albany  County  ss :  Personally  appeared  before  me  one  Samuel 
Willoughby  one  of  His  Majestys  Constables  for  the  County  afore- 
said and  made  Oath  that  on  the  1C**«  day  of  this  Instant  May  he 
was  overtaken  on  the  Kings  liighway  by  Tliomas  Frinch  Charles 
BuUin  and  Martin  Powel  of  Prince  Town  with  a  number  of 
other  Rioten  whoes  Names  to  this  defendant  is  unknown  (all 
armed  with  CSubs)  that  the  said  French  laid  hold  of  the  depond' 
with  his  Club  over  his  head  and  threatned  his  life  unless  he 
would  carry  off  the  writt  of  Ejectment  which  the  Depend'  had 


y30iM771. 

me  concerning 
1  order  that  the 
rent  their  Riot- 
a  ffriend  to  this 
roperty,  for  my 
neans  to  prevail, 
that  the  Govern- 
ms  to  rais  their 
of  them.    They 
ind  throws  down 
Drives  the  cattle 
L  Grass  and  corn, 
Ion  the  imperfec- 
it  you  as  I  am  in 
1  the  Felon  that 
able  secured,  and 
I  doubt  if  we  can 


irSW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


711 


served  upon  the  said  Frenchs  wife  in  his  absence,  which  the 

Depond*  refused  to  do,  upon  which  the  said  Bullin  cdme  up  and 

lidd  it  upon  his  arm  and  obliged  him  to  bring  it  o£f  or  his  life  be 

in  danger. 

Samuel  Wiux)dohbt. 
Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  this 
17Dayof  May  1771. 

John  Munro,  Justice.  •  , 


Personally  appeared  before  me  Samuel  Munro  of  Wollomsack 
vho  went  as  an  assistant,  to  the  said  Willoughby  and  made  oath 
that  he  was  present  when  the  Rioters  above  mentioned  persued 
them  and  that  what  is  set  forth  in  the  above  afidavid  is  true 
and  that  the  said  Rioters  threatned  to  tiee  the  Depond^  to  a  tree 
and  flog  him  if  he  did  not  go  oif. 


Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  this 
17"»  day  ol' May  1771. 

John  Mumro  Justice. 


Samuel  Muzraio. 


I'll 


'i 


[^ 


Servant 
John  Monro. 


)re  me  one  Samuel 
the  County  afore- 

is  Instant  May  be 

jasFrinch  Charles 
ith  a  number  of 

It  is  unknown  (all 
loldofthedepond* 

his  life  unless  he 
h  the  Depend' had 


Albany  ss:  Personally  appeared  before  me  Samuel  Willoughby 
one  of  His  ^ajesty's  Constables  for  the  County  of  Albany  afore- 
said and  made  [oath]  that  on  the  night  of  the  23**  day  of  this 
Instant  May,  being  under  the  necessity  of  going  to  Bennington 
to  serve  some  Executions,  he  lodged  at  the  House  of  Samuel 
Safoid  in  said  Town,  that  about  the  hours  of  nine  or  ten  of  the 
clock  at  night  the  family  was  allarmed  by  the  firing  of  a  Gun« 
and  on  the  morning  of  the  24*i»  the  depond'  went  to  the  Barn 
where  he  put  up  his  Horse  the  evening  before,  and  found  tlie 
Barn  Door  oppen  and  His  Horse  shot  Dead;  by  som  of  the  Inha- 
bitants as  he  supposes. 

Samuel  WilLochbt. 

Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  this 
25  day  of  May  1771 

JoHK  Munro  Justice. 


•  ;• 


*'■ 


m 


ooNTRpyEiMiY  tkEeiifuaiifia  ^^^ 


'^-  ., 


'.'4'   ■-■'*' 


■^     .^ 


° :  „■' 


ML 


'h     *.' 


Albany  Couoty  i^'.  Pevspnally  appeared  before  qae  one  David 

"^Uig  of  liiw'fuljt  ^e  and  mafle  Oa1;Ii,  l;ha,t  o^  or  about,  tlie  2Im 

day  ol'  May  la&t,  \}e  ^aa  Qomipandcd  to  th«  assistance  of  Suniuel 

Pease  one  of  his  Majestys  constables  for  the  county  aforesaid 

in  order  to  take  Thomas  French  of  Prince  Town  for  Hiotine 

with  several  others  that  upon  their  oomming  within  the  bonndg 

of  said  Town  they  were  met  with,  by  a  number  of  Rioters  all 

'  with  clubs  excepting  two  which  had  Guns,  that  one  shot  was 

fired  at  them  out  of  the  woods,  but  Done  no  Damage,  that  upon 

their  coming  up  to  the  said  French's  House  they  found  it  jsur- 

rounded  by  a  much  greater  number  of  men  vowing  against  the 

Constable  and  his  party  and  that  he  should  carry  no  man  out  of 

Town  that  if  he  happened  to  carry  one  of  them  to  Goal,  the 

Goal  should  not  stand  tliree  weeks,  Dammed  the  Rascally  yorkers 

Esq'  Munro  and  all   his   authority   witli.  many  sucli  other 

expressions, 

David  Wijfc. 
Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  this 
2d  day  of  June  1771 

John  Munro  Justice. 

In  Council  3<J  July  1771 — Ordered  that  the  Deputy  Secretary 
do  write  to  the  Sherif  of  the  C'ouuty  of  Albany,  enclosing  him 
copies  of  the  preceding  affidavits,  and  signifying  his  pxcellencys 
Directions  that  he  should  apply  to  M'  Justice  Munro  for  a 
Warrant  or  Warrants  for  apprehending  the  said  Rioters,  and  that 
he  sho'old  exert  himself  in  taking  them,  that  they  may  be  brought 
to  justice. 


THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE  TO  THE  LORDS  OF  THE  PRIVY 

COUNCIL. 

[London  Doo :  XLIII.] 

To  the  Right  Honti*  the  Lords  of  the  Comraitee  of 

His  Majestys  most  honb>«  Privy  Council  for  Plan- 

If^i    talion  Affairs. 
My  Lordl^ 

Pursuant  to  your  Lordships  Order  of  the  5  day  of  July  1770 

we  did  on  the  13  day  of^  tlia(,OiQA^i.t#;^  into  Our  Consideration 


HEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRAHTB 


713 


Bavid  Wi»g. 


)S  OF  THE  PRIVY 


the  hamble  Petition  of  several  officers  and  Soldiers  who  served 
in  North  America  during  the  late  war,  and  were  reduced  at  tlie 
peace  setting  ibrth,  "  That  in  pursuance  of  His  Majesty s  Koyal 
"Proclamation  of  the  7  of  October  1763,  thejr  did  obtain  war- 
" rants  from  the  Lieutenant  Governor  of  his  Majesty's  Province 
"of  New  York  for  sundry  tracts  of  Land  to  be  surveyed  and 
"also  patents  for  divers  Tracts  of  Lands  in  the  Northern  parts  of 
"the  said  Province  which  Lands  the  petitioners  alledgo'do  yet 
« remain  unsettled  owing  to  a  Claim  of  several  grantees  nndes 
Mthe  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  as  also  to  a  late  Instruc- 
«tlon  of  his  Majesty  to  his  Gov  of  New  York  restraining  him 
"from  making  any  further  Grants  in  these  parts,  till  hisMajestys 
u  Royal  pleasure  sliall  be  known  and  humbly  praying  his 
"Majesty  to  permit  the  Governor  of  New  York  to  Grant  Lands 
"to such  of  tlie  Petitioners,  at  whose  expence  they  have  been 
"located  &  surveyed ;  and  to  confirm  to  others  the  Grants  which' 
"  have  already  been  made ;"  a  request  of  such  a  nature  from 
persons  so  respectable  and  meritorious  induced  the  fullest  atten- 
tion to  it,  as  it  appeared  to  us  by  a  letter  from  the  Governor  of 
Now  Hampshire  to  the  Earl  of  Hillsbourough  communicated  to 
us  by  his  Lordship,  that  the  Council  of  that  province  were  pre- 
paring, in  order  to  transmit  to  his  Majesty  for  his  consideration 
a  full  state  of  the  claims  to  Lands  in  that  District  under  Grants 
from  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  we  thought  fit  to 
postpone  any  Report  to  your  Lordships  on  this  Case,  until  that 
Representation  should  be  received  as  no  such  Representation  has 
yet  however  been  transmitted,  and  as  his  Majesty s  Governor  of 
New  York  has  repeatedly  and  in  the  strongest  terms  represented 
the  necessity  there  is,  as  well  in  Justice  to  the  case  of  the  reduced 
officers  as  in  propriety  with  respect  to  his  Majestys  service,  that 
some  speedy  determination  should  be  had  concerning  that  very 
valuable  and  extensive  tract  of  Land,  which  in  consequence  of 
those  Claims  remains  in  great  part  unsettled  and  unimproved, 
and  in  which  the  greatest  disorders  are  committed  it  becomes 
our  duty  no  longer  to  delay  making  our  Report  to  your  Lord- 
ships upon  a  matter)  which  in  every  light  wherein  it  can  be 
viewed,  seems  to  us  of  great  importance. 
Your  Lordships  are  already  apprized  by  former  Reports  of 


i.V 


■J 


!  I 


'k 


I       .-1^ 


714 


OOMTROVCRSY   RCaPKCTING   THI 


J''  ' 

..  '■■» 

-  I. 


!  ».■■>*  », 


this  Board  oi  the  very  extraordinary  circumstances  accompany- 
ing the  Grants  made  within  tliis  District  by  the  late  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire  and  when  we  consider  how  extravagant  those 
Grants  are  with  respect  to  the  quantity  of  Lands  they  contain 
and  combine  that  consideration  with  the  many  irregularities  and 
improprieties  attending  them  in  other  respects  we  have  no  doubt 
that  they  would  upon  examination  l>e  found  null  &  void  But 
this  is  a  matter  which  cannot  depend  upon  any  opinion  of  Ours 
and  is  a  consideration  which  leads  to  questions  that  cannot  now 
be  entered  into  without  laying  the  foundation  for  furtlier  delay 
in  a  matter  that  seems  to  require  immediate  decision. 

We  are  sensible  how  difficult  it  will  be  in  a  case  where  so 
many  opposite  interests,  depending  upon  Claims  under  very  dif- 
ferent circumstances,  are  to  be  considered  to  suggest  any  propo- 
sitions that  will  coincide  entirely  with  the  hopes  and  expectations 
of  all  parties  but  when  we  reflect  how  important  it  is  to  all  to 
have  some  speedy  determination  We  cannot  but  flatter  Ourselves 
that  they  will  readily  acquiesce  in  any  reasonable  conditions 
that  can  be  proposed  to  them  and  as  this  appears  to  us  to  be  the 
only  probable  method  of  bringing  this  matter  to  a  speedy  issue 
we  shall  beg  leave  in  the  first  place  to  state  to  your  Lordships 
those  claims  which  appear  to  us  to  be  objects  of  consideration  & 
in  the  next  place  suggest  what  seems  to  us  reasonable  to  be 
proposed  with  regard  thereto. 

The  Claim  that  seems  to  us  to  deserve  attention  in  the  first 
place  is  that  of  those  persons  who  possess  Lands  in  this  District 
under  Grants  legally  and  properly  obtained  from  the  Government 
of  New  York  antecedent  to  any  pretence  set  up  by  the  Govern- 
ment of  New  Hampshire  to  exercise  the  power  of  granting 
Lands  to  the  westward  of  Connecticut  River  and  before  any 
such  Grants  were  made  From  the  best  information  we  have  been 
able  to  collect  relative  to  this  Claim,  it  is  confined  to  two  or 
three  Grants  but  a  small  part  of  which  lies  on  the  East  of  the 
Green  Mountains  tlie  Country  to  the  west  of  which  was  at  all 
times  before  the  unwarrantable  Claims  set  up  in  consequence  of 
the  New  Hampshire  Grants  admitted  incontestably  to  be  within 
the  province  of  New  York  and  therefore  we  cannot  but  be  of 
opinion  that  the  proprietors  of  those  Grants  should  not  be  did 


mtW   HAMPIHIIIB  GRANTS. 


716 


tnrb«d  in  their  possessions  on  the  Ground  of  Claims  derived 
fioiQ  th^se  subsequent  Grants  of  the  Government  of  New 
Hampshire. 

The  claim  that  in  the  second  place  seems  to  us  to  merit  attention 
is  that  of  those  persons  who  in  consequence  of  the  Grants  from  the 
Goreroor  of  New  Hampsliire,  have  made  actual  Settlement 
and  Improvei jent  of  any  Lands  not  comprehended  within  the 
limits  of  the  possessions  above  stated ;  for  however  disputable 
their  titles  may  be  upon  the  Ground  of  the  Grants  themselves 
yet  there  always  has  been  &  we  think  there  always  oqght 
to  be  ia  the  Plantations  an  attention  to  actual  Settlement  and 
Improvement,  that  in  cases  where  the  possession  does  not  inter- 
fere with  the  Rights  of  others  ought  to  have  preference  to  any 
other  consideration  j  and  therefore  we  think,  that  persons  under 
this  description  ought  to  be  left  in  entire  possession  of  such 
Lands  as  they  have  actually  cultivated  and  improved  subject  to  no 
other  condition  or  reservation  either  of  Quit-Rent  or  otherwise 
than  what  is  contained  in  the  Grants  under  which  they  claim. 

The  third  Claim  ftnd  indeed  the  only  remaining  one  which 
appears  tous  to  merit  particular  indulgence  is  that  of  the  reduced 
officers  and  Soldiers,  as  well  those  comprehended  within  tlie 
petition  referred  to  us  by  your  Lordships  as  all  others  under 
the  like  circumstances  who  may  have  obtained  warrants  from  the 
Government  of  New  York  for  the  survey  of  Lands  to  tliem  in 
this  district  the  possession  of  which  Lands  has  been  obstructed 
by  the  pretensions  of  those  claiming  under  the  New  Hampshire 
Grants ;  and  with  regard  to  these  persons  we  cannot  but  be  of 
opinion  that  no  time  should  be  lost  in  carrying  their  Grants  into 
effect,  provided  however  that  the  surveys  under  which  they 
claim  do  not  include  Lands  which  were  actually  &  bona  fide 
settled  and  improved  by  persons  claiming  under  Grants  from  the 
Governor  of  New  Hampshire  antecedent  to  such  warrants  of 
Survey ;  who  we  think  for  the  reasons  already  given  ought  not 
to  be  disturbed  in  their  possessions  on  any  account  but  that  if 
any  such  case  should  exist  the  officer  or  soldier,  claiming  such 
Land  under  warrant  of  survey  from  the  Government  of  New 
York  should  have  compensation  made  to  him.  by  an  adequate 
Grant  in  some  other  part  of  the  district. 


^  n 


i  i 


i  n 


1      I H 
1 


7W 


CONXROTBRSV   RKSPEOTmO  tRE 


M. 


Pf^r 


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-  f^ 


Iv  With  regard  to  the  remainder  of  the  Lands  contained  in  this 
extensive  District  whicli  if  the  foregoing  propositions  can  by 
consent  of  the  parties  interested  be  carried  into  effect  will  remain 
for  His  Majestys  diposal  they  are  on  all  hands  represented  to  bo 
of  great  value  &  Importance  not  only  from  theirnatural  situation 
&  fertility  but  as  including  very  extensive  tracts  containing 
large  growth  of  white  pine  Trees>  and  of  other  Timber  fit  for 
Naval  purposes  and  when  we  consider  the  great  advantage  of 
them  in  t^is  light  it  is  our  duty  in  Conformity  to  what  we 
humbly  represented  to  His  Majesty  on  the  24  day  of  July  1767 
respecting  the  preservation  of  wood  Lands  in  America  to 
recommend  to  your  Lordships  to  advise  His  Majesty  not  to  allow 
any  further  Grants  to  be  made,  or  warrants  of  survey  issued  for 
any  Lands  within  this  District ;  until  the  person  who  in  conse- 
quence of  that  Representation  has  been  appointed  Surveyor 
for  that  Division  of  North  America  in  which  this  district  is  inclu- 
ded shall  have  carried  his  Instructions  into  execution  &  shall  have 
marked  out,  for  Reservation  to  His  Majesty  such  parts  of  it  as 
shall  contain  any  considerable  growth  of  Trees  fit  for  the  purposes 
above  mentioned. 

When  this  service  shall  have  been  executed  we  see  no  reason 
why  the  residue  of  tlie  Land  may  not  be  laid  open  to  settlement 
&  improvement  from  his  Majesty ;  bfit  we  can  by  no  means 
recommend  to  your  Lordships  to  advise  his  Majesty  to  suffer  the 
Governor  and  Council  of  New  York  to  dispose  of  the  said  Lands 
either  upon  the  terms  or  in  the  manner  in  which  they  have 
hitherto  exercised  that  power. 

The  well  known  fertility  &  particular  advantage  of  thes9 
Lands  arising  from  their  situation  in  the  midst  of  a  well  settled 
and  cultivated  Country  render  them  we  conceive  far  more 
valuable  than  those  which  lye  more  distent  &  i-emote  and  we.  see 
no  reason  why  his  Majesty  may  not  in  this  case  at  least  reasonably 
eipect  tlie  same  advantages  which  the  proprietoi-s  of  the  pro- 
vince of  Maryland  &  Pennsylvania  derive  from  the  Grants  of  their 
waste  and;  uncultivated  Lands  who  over  and  above  a  Quit  Rent 
nearly,  dofuble  what  is  reserved  on  Lands  Granted  by  the  Governor 
Jt.  Council  of  New  York,  receive  five  pounds  for  every  hundred 
acres,  whicli  is  required  to  be  paid  to  thei^  respective  receivers 


i>f'*!.l 


contained  rathis 
>.po8ition8  can  by 
)  effect  will  remain 
represented  to  be 
[r  natural  situation 
Tracts  containing 
ler  Timber  fit  for 
great  advantage  of 
rmity  to  what  we 
4  day  of  July  1767 
is  in  America,  to 
Majesty  not  to  allow 
)f  survey  issued  for 
;rson  who  in  conse- 
appointed  Surveyor 
tliis  district  is  inclu- 
Lecution  &  shall  have 
such  parts  of  it,  as 
es  fit  for  the  purposes 

ted  we  see  no  reason 

id  open  to  settlement 

we  can  by  no  means 

Majesty  to  suffer  tlie 

ise  of  the  said  Lands 

in  which  they  have 

advantage  of  these 

lidst  of  a  well  settled 

|e  conceive  far  more 

&  remote  and  we,  see 

56  at  least  reasonably 

Iroprietore  of  the  pro- 
)m  the  Grants  of  their 

id  above  a  Quit  Rent 
[anted  by  the  Governor 
Inds  for  every  hundred 
W  respective  receivers 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GBANTS. 


tfhose  certificate  of  such  payment  is  made  an  indispensable 
requisite  fo»  obtaining  a  warrant  of  Survey  for  the  Lands. 

^e  have  hitherto  avoided  stating  to  your  Lordships  tiie 
nretensions  of  those  persons  who  claim  the  possession  of  Lands 
in  this  district  under  the  exorbitant  GrHints  from  ^e  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire  but  who  have  not  talcen  any  ^eps  towards 
jcquiring  possession  of  the  Land  or  for  seating  or  improving 
tlie  same  We  are  persuaded  your  Lordships  will  «gree  witJi  ws 
in  opinion  tbat  combining  this  circumstance  of  neglect   of 
improvement  with  the  little  degifte  of  iottention,  which  is  due  to 
{lie  grants  themselves,  from  the  manner  &.  circumstances  under 
which  they  were  passed  the  claims  of  these  persons  can  or  ought 
to  have  in  a  general  view  of  them  little  weight  in  the  present 
consideration,  In  order  however  to  avoid  all  possible  ground  of 
eoffirfaint  and  to  give  facility  to  the  execution  of  what  is  pro- 
posed in  the  cases  already  stated  we  submit  it  to  your  Lord- 
ships Consideration  whether  it  may  not  be  advisable  after  the 
Seeervations  above  mentioned  for  naval  purposes  have  been 
Djade,  that  such  of  the  Grantees  as  shall  before  a  certain  day  to  be 
fixed  by  proclanM^ion  apply  by  petition  to  your  Majesty s  Governor 
and  Council  of  New  York  for  Grants  of  Land  within  the  said 
District  may  receive  warrants  of  Survey  for  such  parts  of  the 
said  Lands  as  they  shall  chnse  in  quantity  proportioned  to  their 
jbility  to  cultivate  and  improve  the  same  ;  .with  this  Restriction 
iiowever,  that  no  one  of  the  said  persons,  so  applying  shall 
either  in  his  or  h«r  own  name  or  in  the  name  or  names  of  any 
otbtf  person  or  perons  in  trust  for  him  or  her  receive  more  than 
five  hundred  acres,  the  said  Grantees  not  to  be  subject  to  payment 
ofithe  purchase  money  above  recommended,  or  to  any  other 
terms  or  conditions  than  what  are  usually  contained  in  vi rants 
from  His  Majestys  Governor  of  New  York  under  the  present 

Instructions. 
We  are  aware  that  the  Claims  of  persons  under  this  general 
description  must  vary  in  their  Circumstances ;  and  that  a  greater 
regwd  and  attention  may  be  due  to  one  than  ought  to  be  shewed 
to  another  ;  but  it  is  we  fear  impossible  to  distinguish  any  diflfer- 
ent  Case ;  and  we  humbly  conceive  it  is  the  less  necessary  in  as 
uoch  as  these  General  Regulations  will  not  preclude  any  parti- 


\\i 


I'M  A 

H 

! 


!   i^ 


'^ 


i   -I 


*■ 


718 


COKTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


i;-.r... 


,trru-  ^ 


■^ij' 


% 


R  '•■■ 


^*«^c^  -^" 


Mi  : 


f  •    .1  n  ( 


■*'       i- 


cular  persons  who  think  themselves  intitled  to  particular  Indul- 
gence,  from  making  such  application  thereupon  as  they  shall 
think  proper. 

We  beg  leave  further,  to  observe  to  your  Lordships  that  there 
is  another  Claim  of  interest  in  these  Lands  which  as  it  stands 
upon  Groimds  very  di£ferent  from  these  already  stated ;  requires 
a  seperate  consideration  &  that  belongs  to  the  Society  for  the 
propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  parts ;  who  claim  his 
Majestys  consideration,  in  consequence  of  their  having  in  ^ach 
of  the  Townships  granted  by  M'  Wentworth  a  Reservation  of 
five  hundred  acres  in  order  to  enable  them  to  carry  the  laudable 
and  pious  purposes  of  their  institution  into  efifect. 

As  this  claim  of  the  above  Society  has  already  been  considered 
as  meriting  his  Majestys  attention  and  was  as  we  conceive  in 
Great  measuri^  the  foundation  of  that  Instruction  to  his  Majestjs 
Governor  of  New  York,  by  which  the  lands  in  this  district  were 
lockt  up  from  settlement,  until  his  Majestys  further  order  weie 
known,  it  becomes  our  duty  to  consider  in  what  step  an  adequate 
compensation  can  be  made  for  it,  and  we  beg  leave  to  suggest  to 
your  Lordships,  whether  such  consideration  may  not  be  most 
properly  obtained,  &  every  other  Religious  Establishment  for 
which  Reservations  were  made  in  the  New  Hampshire  Grants 
eflfectually  provided  for,  by  subjecting  every  Grant  which  shall 
be  made  of  Lands  within  this  district  in  consequence  of  the 
above  proposals  to  the  payment  to  the  said  Society  for  the  pro- 
pagation of  the  Gospell  of  one  Shilling  proclamation  p  annum 
for  every  hundred  Acres,  over  &  above  the  Quit  Rent  payable 
to  his  Majesty ;  &  that  it  be  recommended  to  the  said  Socielj 
that  the  monies  arising  therefrom  be  applied  solely  to  He 
purposes  of  providing  Ministers  and  School  Masters  for  that 
District. 

If  these  propositions  should  meet  with  your  Lordships  appro- 
bation &  his  Majesty  should  upon  your  Lordships  advice  think 
fit  to  adopt  them  we  do  not  apf  irehend  that  any  difficulty  will 
arise  on  the  part  of  those,  whose  different  Claims  are  meant  to 
be  provided  for  or  tha'  my  other  measure  will  be  necessary  for 
the  present,  than  merely  a  transmission  of  the  propositions 
themselves  to  his  Majesty's  Governor  cf  New  York  with  the 


11^- 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE:   GRANTS. 


719 


signification  of  his  Majtstys  pleasure  that  the  said  propositions 
be  made  Publick  in  such  manner  as  that  all  persons  interested 
therein  may  have  notice  and  that  the  Governor  and  Council  do 
within  a  reasonable  time  thereafter  proceed  to  confirm  to  the 
reduced  officers  by  Grant  the  property  of  such  Lands  for  which 
tliey  have  obtained  warrants  with  exception  only  to  such  parts 
88  may  have  been  seated  and  improved  by  the  Claimants  under 
the  New  Hampshire  Grants,  antecedent  to  the  date  of  such 
warrants. 

We  further  beg  leave  to  submit  to  your  Lordships,  whether  it 
may  not  be  proper  in  order  to  prevent  disputes  &  for  effectually 
securing  the  settlers  under  New  Hampshire  Grants  in  the  pos- 
session of  what  they  have  already  settled  and  improved  conform- 
able to  rhat  is  before  proposed  that  the  actual  state  of  such 
seating  and  improvement  should  be  ascertained  by  a  Jury  of 
disinterested  persons,  to  be  summoned  for  that  purpose  by  the 
Sheriff  of  the  County  in  which  the  lands  lye,  whose  return 
thereof  with  a  plot  &  description  thereunto  annexed  of  the  Lands 
so  seated  and  improved,  being  registred  in  the  County  Court 
will  be  a  full  evidence  upon  Record  of  the  title  in  case  any 
Question  should  hereafter  arise  thereupon.    • 

With  regard  to  the  lands  proposed  to  be  granted  to  other 
persons  claiming  under  the  New  Hampshire  Grants,  but  who 
have  made  no  settlement  or  improvement  whatever  the  execu- 
tion of  what  is  submitted  in  their  case  as  well  as  in  the  case  of 
the  Residue  of  the  Lands  which  will  remain  for  his  Majesty's 
disposal,  within  this  district,  must  be  suspended  until  tlie  coun- 
try has  been  surveyed  with  a  view  to  proper  Reservations  of 
Woodlands  for  the  supply  of  masting  &  timber  for  the  Royal 
Navy  according  to  the  directions  already  given  for  that  purpose; 
and  we  are  of  opinion  that  the  Instructions  to  be  given  to  the 
Governor  of  New  York  in  the  latter  case  cannot  be  too  explicit 
and  precise  in  order  to  guard  against  those  irregularities  & 
abases  which  we  are  concerned  to  say  have  but  too  much 
prevailed  in  the  exercise  of  the  powers  given  to  his  Majestys 
[governors]  in  America,  for  the  granting  of  lands  to  tlie  great 
prejudice  of  his  Majestys  interest  to  the  discouragement  of 


X 


i. 


\  ^  y 


!■:? 


iL 


fWSia^T 


■-}£ 


m,...---}}m 


780 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


Industry  and  in  many  Instances  to  the  apprehension  of  the  sub' 
ject  by  the  exaction  of  exorbitant  &  unreasonable  Fees 
We  are  my  Lords  your  Lordships 

most  obedient  and  most  humble  Servants 

HiLLS&OROUGH 
SOAME  JenYNS 

£.  Eliot 
John  Roberts 
Whitehall  ^  Wm.  Fitzherberi 

June  6,  1771.  Thomas  Whatelt 


GOVERNOR  TRYON  TO  JUSTICES  SKEENE,  MUNRO  &c. 

New  York  24*  August  1771. 
■  Gentlemen 

Th6  inclosed  Copy  of  a  petition  lately  preferred  to  me  will 
inform  you  of  a  Riot  and  Breach  of  the  Peace  committed  on  the 
1 1**«  of  June  near  ^rgyle  Town,  by  one  Cockran  and  fourteen 
armed  men,  in  violently  assaulting  and  dispossessing  Donald 
Mclntire  and  the  other  complainants  of  Lands  granted  to  them 
by  this  government  and  then  under  their  actual  improve- 
ment. The  dangerous  Tendency  of*  such  Disorders  calls  loud- 
ly for  the  Exertion  of  the  Civil  Authority,  and  it  is  by  the 
advice  of  his  Majesty's  Council  that  I  now  recommend  thijs  as 
matter  highly  deserving  your  consideration,  and  that  you  will 
after  the  fullest  Enquiry  as  to  the  Facts,  and  Sufficient  Proof 
of  the  Force,  give  the  Petitioners  the  Relief  directed  by  the 
Statutes  of  forcible  Entry,  or  such  other  Redress  as  the  case 
shall  appear  to  you  to  Require  Transmitting  to  me  as  soon  as 
may  be  a  particular  account  of  your  proceedings  in  consequence 
hereof  with  such  examinations  as  shall  be  taken  before  you. 
To  Philip  Skeene,  John  Munro,  Patrick  Smith  and  John  McComb 

Esq"  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Albany  or  any 

two  or  more  of  them  or  any  of  the  other  Justices  of  the 

County. 


-f* 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


721 


JUDGE  WELLS  TO  ATTORNEY  GENL.  KEMP. 

Brattleborough  IS^h  Septem'  1771. 

Sir, 

As  I  presume  Information  of  Every  movement  of  the  Govern- 
ment of  New  Hampshire  to  obtain  the  Lands  on  the  west  bank 
of  Connecticut  River  to  be  annexed  to  that  Government  will  be 
agreeable  to  you  and  the  better  enable  this  Government  to 
disconect  their  planns  of  Incroachment  I  give  this  Information 

(Viz') 

Tlie  Governour  some  time  the  fore  part  of  last  winter  Requested 
the  General  Assembly  to  make  a  Grant  to  Defray  the  charge  of 
exploring  Connecticut  River  to  its  Source  and  making  a  plann 
of  it  to  send  to  England  (as  I  am  informed)  to  shew  that  the 
River  Comes  more  from  the  East  than  has  hitherto  been  Imma- 
gined,  and  so  much  from  the  East  as  not  to  Touch  the  45*'» 
degree  of  Northern  Latitude ;  that  the  Assembly  declining  to 
make  the  Grant,  the  Governor  at  his  own,  and  the  charge  of 
some  others  wbo  subscribed  sent  M'  Benj"  Whiting  and  M' 
Grant  on  the  business  with  a  Letter  from  his  Excellency  Recom- 
mending it  to  all  persons  of  Connecticut  River  (Friends  to  the 
Government  of  New  Hampshire)  to  contribute  towards  enabling 
the  Parties  to  proceed  and  Effect  the  business.  Representing 
that  it  was  likely  the  Effect  of  the  Survey  would  be  the  exten- 
sion of  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  Hampshire  to  those  Lands  &«, 
that  in  consequence  of  this  Letter  considerable  Contributions 
from  Divers  persons  near  the  River  bank  was  obtained  by  Whit- 
ing and  he  proceeded  on  the  business  ; 

The  manner  of  his  proceeding  and  the  Probability  of  a  Fraud 
in  Whitings  Chart  of  the  River  'is  in  Few  words  expressed  in 
the  enclosed  deposition — the  deposition  perhaps  might  liave  been 
more  particular  liad  there  been  Time — but  the  Secrets  of  tliis 
Supposed  Fraudilent  Survey  was  unknown  to  me  untill  this 
morning, .  when  M""  John  Grout  came  here  with  M'  How  the 
onent  and  gave  me  the  Information  and  as  I  was  obliged  to 
:  the  Favour  of  a  Gentleman  on  a  Journey. thro'  Springfield 
to  Tarry  untill  the  deposition  was  Made  and  these  Lines  wrote  will 
account  tor  the  Reason  why  neither  the  one  or  the  other  is  more 

Vol,  iv.  46 


,  f 

J.li 

im:> 

.  •■  v! 

m^ 

•V  -i 

■•-»  ■« 

! 

.  .* 

, 


■!■!'! 


i 


\1-  ^   'j 


i  ff 


# 


p  X 


;* 


I  HitflMh 


.,♦'    . 


CX)»TIlOVER«Y  RtsPECTlKO  THE 

particular  as  I  am  unwilling  to  oraitt  this  opportunity  of  Leav- 
ing this  Information  in  the  Post  Office  there  (vi2  at  Springfield) 
I  have  nothing  further  to  add  only  that  the  Plann  of  the  Survey 
is  gone  to  England  and  Governour  Wentworth  Informs  the 
friends  of  that  Government  that  there  is  not  the  least  doubt  of 
the  Lands  on  the  West  bank  being  annexed  to  New  Hampsliire 
that  if  you  apprehend  anything  further  can  be  done  by  one  in 
Favoui*  of  this  government  shall  be  glad  of  tlie  Information  • 

am  your  H»>i«  Serv* 

Sami^l  Wells 
John  Tabor  Kemp  Esquire. 

P.  S.  Grant  who  assisted  Whiting  is  a  person  within  age  and 
a  Servant  of  Captain  Holland. 


'^'/ 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  NEHEMIAH  HOWE. 


l^eW  York  ^hmb^Hand  County.  Nm»emiah  Howe  of  Putney 
in  the  Cothif  of  ^yuiiiberiaiid  and  Protince  of  New  York  Gen- 
tleinan  came  before  mb  Samttel  Wells  Esquire  one  of  the  Judges 
of  theCouft  of  Cttnmoii  pleas/or  the  said  County  of  Cumberland 
and  one  of  his  Majesties  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  same 
County  and  being  Strom  on  the  Holy  erangelists  deposeth  and 
Saith 

That  this  deponent  assisted  Mess"  Whiting  and  Grant  in  Feb- 
ruary and  March  Last  in  their  pretended  Survey  of  Connecticut 
River  from  where  the  Same  enters  the  Province  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  Near  to  virhat  they  Said  Whiting  and  Grant  called 
the  Head  of  the  River. 

That  this  deponant  began  to  assist  at  Charlestown  and  from 
there  went  up  the  River  near  b  the  place  the  said  Whiting  and 
Grant  called  the  Head. 

*  That  this  deponent  conceives  the  Survey  wab  Intended  to  'oe 
exact  as  far  as  to  some  Miles  distance  above  Lancaster-but 
from  there  to  what  on  that  Surrey  took  the  Name  of  tlio  head 
of  the  River,  this  Deponent  is  sure  that  Neither  M'  Whltiiij 
Grant  or  any  other  person  in  the  Party  can  be  possibly  ablctu 


K>n  within  age  and 


KBW   IIAICMHIRE  QRAMTS. 


7M 


ajflertaia  the  Points  of  tlie  €ompass  of  the  channel  of  the  llim 
or  the  Length  of  way  as  the  whole  party  Travelled  two  days  on 
the  River  without  Setting  the  Compass  or  Measureing,  hoth 
going  up  the  River  and  Coming  Down,  to  this  deponants  best 
knowledge  and  belief^  in  which  two  days  the  Party  supposed 
and  this  deponent  believes  they  Travelled  not  less  than  forty 

miles.  • 

Xhat  some  distance  above  the  Township  of  Lancaster,  but 
how  great  distance  this  deponent  cannot  say,  a  Branch  from  the 
east  falls  into  the  Main  River;  there  the  said  Whiting  Grant 
and  the  whole  party  Left  the  main  River  and  followed  the 
branch  that  falls  in  from  the  east,  and  near  the  Head  of  that 
Branch  gave  tlie  name  of  the  head  of  the  River,  which  place  on 
tliat  Branch  this  deponant  says  is  so  far  from  being  the  Head  of 
Connecticut  River,  that  it  is  no  more  than  the  Head  of  a  River 
that&lls  into  the  said  River  Conoectieutt.  t  And  further  saith 

not. 

Nehemiah  Howb. 
Sworn  this  18»i»  day  of  September 

A.  D  1771  before  me 

Samll  Wells. 


PETITION  OF  JOHN  MUNRO  TO  BE  APPOINTED  SHERIFF 

OF  ALBANY. 

To  his  Excellency  Will"*  Tyron  Esq'  Cap*  General 
&  Govern'  in  Chief  in  &  over  the  province  of 
New  York  &  the  Territories  depending  thereon 
in  America,  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  Same. 
The  Memorial  of  John  Munro. 
flumbly  Sheweth  . 

That  your  memorialist  has  been  an  inhabitant  of  the  City  and 
County  of  Albany  these  15  years  past.  That  he  has  been  in  the 
Oice  of  a  Justice  of  Peace  for  these  4  years  past,  during  which 
time,  he  hopes  he  has  exerted  himself  with  propriety  in  tho 
administration  thereof,  tho^  attended  with  uncommon  difficulties^ 


'  '  ^ 


n 


?•! 


;  ■' 


■  • 


.: 


n 


■J       ■■■■■■'*'-.    ' 

"■'             '         .      4      '.* 

.1           ■:/           1 

1" ,'  ■:r| 

l:#-  ■ 

i-,. .  ;  ■  .-,  :ll 

IHHHh^ 

724 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE 


r. 


arising  from  the  conduct  of  the  Inhabitants,  many  of  whom  are 
well  known  to  stand  in  opposition  to  the  lawful  authority  of  this 
Province. 

That  notwithstanding  the  several  proclamations  issued  by 
your  predecessors,  in  the  Government,  and  also  Kings  writs  for 
apprehending  and  bringing  to  justice  the  said  rioters  and  opposers 
of  autliority  in  that  County,  Thes^  have  as  yet  remained  unexe- 
cuted excepting  such  as  your  Memorialist  has  accomplished  at 
tlie  great  risque  of  his  life  and  property  in  the  latter  having 
been  a  considerable  sufferer. 

That  your  Excellency's  memorialist  was  recommended  to  the 
Earl  of  Dunmore  while  in  the  administration  for  the  office  of 
SheriflT^in  the  said  County,  and  that  he  was  to  have  obtained  the 
same,  had  his  Lordship  continued  in  the  Government  till  the 
appointments  came  on. 

These  are  Tlierefore  Praying  your  Excellency  for  the  grant 
of  tlie  said  Sheriftship  of  the  said  City  and  County  of  Albany  to 
your  Memorialist,  for  wliose  character  and  connection,  he  begs 
leave  liurably  to  recommend  your  Excellency  to  Col.  John  Reid 
of  this  City  And  for  your  Memorialist's  particular  conduct  in 
this  Government,  he  requests  the  liberty  of  recommending  your 
Excellency  to  the  honourable  W™  Smitli,  and  the  honourable 
Hugh  Wallace  of  his  Majesty's  Council  and  for  your  Memorialists 
behaviour  as  a  Magistrate  lie  refers  himself  to  the  character 
of  M'  Attoy  Gen'. 

Your  Excellencys  kind  Compliance  in  the  aforesaid 
will  your  Memorialist,  as  in  duty  bind  to  pray, 

John  Munro. 

New  York  20th  Sept'  1771. 


^■' 


DEPOSITION  OF  SAMUEL  GARDENIER. 

City  of  New  York,  ss:  Samuel  Gardenier  of  Wallurascock ,  in 
the  county  of  Albany,  yeoman,  being  duly  sworn,  deposetli  and 
saith,  That  about  four  years  ago,  he  purcliased  Three  hundred 


■( ' 


MEW   HAMPSHIHE  GRANTS. 


726 


and  Ten  acres  of  Land  lying  within  the  Patent  of  Wallumscock 
aforesaid,  from  James  De  Lancey  of  the  city  of  New  York  Esq  j 
for  Three  Hundred  Pounds  which  he  paid  M'  De  Lancey  :  That 
this  Deponent  removed  upon  the  said  Farm  about  three  years 
ago  last  June ;  That  he  found  one  Ichabod  Cross  settled  upon 
Part  of  the  Lands  h0  so  purchased,  who  had  made  improvements 
thereon,  pretending  he  had  a  Right  under  New  Hampshire. 
That  the  Deponent  being  unwilling  to  take  any  advantage  of  the 
Improvements  the  said  Cross  had  so  made,  entered  upon  an 
Arbitration  with  him  by  Bond,  in  the  Penalty  of  One  Thousand 
or  Five  Hundred  Founds,  the  Deponent  not  having  his  papers 
vith  him,  cannot  recollect  which,  to  abide  by  the  award  of 
Beferrees,  chosen  between  the  Deponent  and  the  said  Cross,  to 
settle  what  Allowance  the  Deponent  should  give  Cross,  for  the 
Improvements  he  had  so  made  upon  the  said  Land.    Cross  being 
also  bound  by  another  Bond  in  Five  Hundred  Pounds,  to  deliver 
the  Deponent  Possession  of  the  said  Land  so  occupied  by  Cross; 
That  the  Arbitrators  awarded  the  Deponent  to  pay  Cross  Twenty- 
five  Pounds,  for  one  Half  the  Improvements  so  made  by  him, 
and  to  suflfer  him  to  enjoy  the  other  Half  of  the  improved  Land 
(on  reserving  a  small  acknowledgment  only)  for  the  Term  of  five 
years.    That  Cross  afterwards  delivered  to  the  Deponent  posses- 
sion of  the  said  Land  he  so  occupied,  and  Deponent  gave  him  a 
Lease  for  the  Half  of  what  he  had  Improved,  according  to  the 
said  award ;  and  afterwards  paid  him  Fifteen  Pounds  in  Part  of 
what  was  so  awarded,  and  tendered  since  to  pay  him  the  Balance, 
which  the  said  Cross  refused  to  accept.    Tliat  the  Deponent's 
Fences  were  frequently  pulled  down,  and  the  Cattle  suflered  to 
get  into  his  Grain.    That  when  he  complained  of  it,  he  was  told 
by  his  Neighbours,  he  had  better  quit  it  for  he,  would  not  be 
suffered  to  live  in  Peace,  unless  he  would  give  up  to  Cross,  what 
he  had  before  obtained  from  him,  in  the  Manner  aforesaid  ;  and 
the  said  Cross,  in  particular,  told  the  Deponent,  that  he  expected 
to  get  the  Land  again  ;  and  that  the  Yorkers — (meaning  the 
Owners  of  Wallumscock  Patent)  had  no  good  Right  to  it,  for  it 
belonged  to  New  Hampshire.    That  the  Deponents  Fences  were 
thrown  down  some  Times  three  Times  in  a  Week,  and  it  was 
with  Difficulty  he  could  get  his  Neighbours  to  assist  him  in 


\'M 


i;  *, 


•1 


II 


H 


"M 


■.^if*-': 


I  ''.■'•:/;. 


f;r'.#-'^« 


!  l»»  :•• 


186 


CONTBOrCBST  BamCOTIHO  THft 


'putting  them  up,  for  fear  they  should  suffer  from  the  Beseatmeiit 
of  the  People  of  BenningtoD,  ^ho  held  their  Lands  under  New- 
Hampshire.    John  Hogon,  in  particular,  haring  informed  the 
Deponent  that  he  bad  been  threatened  bjr  ihbse  People  ii?ith  the 
■same  Injuries,  if  he  gaT«  the  Deponent  any  asdstanoe  inputting 
«p  liis  Fences.    And  the  Deponent  fnrtherwitbj  that  he  received 
frequent  intimations  that'  his  House  and  all  he  had  would  be 
destroyed,  and  this  Deponent  beat,  wounded  or  perhaps  killed 
by  the  People,  who  were  in  Possession  of  that  paiit  of  the 
Country,  under  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire.    Tliatabout 
tiie  beginning  of  August  last,  this  Deponent  being  at  his  House 
■with  his  Brother  in  Law,  Jacob  Grodt,  his  wife  and  children  1 
ft  Negro  Slave,  he  was  alarmed  by  a  number  of  Men  about  two 
flours  before  Day-break,  who  came  on  Horse  back,  and  demanded 
to  see  the  Deponent,  saying  that  they  wanted  to  talk  to  him  about 
New  Hampshire  Title.    That  the  Deponent  •desired  them  to  go 
to  Albany,  where  they  could  meet  with  People  who  weie  more 
Capable  to  talk  with  them  on  that  subject.    They  then  said  they 
came  up  on  the  Point  of  Justice,  and  bid  the  Deponent  eome  out. 
That  the  Deponent's  Wife  observed  to  them,  that  it  was  ao 
unsuitable  Time  to  do  Business,  and  that  they  oioght  to  have 
come  in  the  Day,  to  which  they  answered  they  would  come  when 
they  had  a  Mind.    That  the  Deponent  told  them,  as  the  Truth 
really  was,  that  he  was  afraid  to  go  out  to  them,  on  which  thej 
assured  the  Deponent,  that  they  would  not  hurt  him',  and  the 
Deponent  thereupon  ventured  out  of  the  Door,  when  he  was 
immediately  surrounded  by  deven  men,  some  of  them  disguised  in 
^Blankets  like  Indians,  others  with  Handkerchiefs,  and  others  with 
Women's  cap]  on  their  Heads,  some  of  them  with  black  Working 
Frocks,  and  some  armed  with  Sickles,  and  others  with  Clubs, and 
one  with  a  Pistol.    That  they  asked  the  Deponent  whether  he 
was  willing  to  deliver  up  the  writings  and  Papers  which  had  been 
'executed  to  him  by  said  Cross,  for  lie  should  do  Cross  Justice, 
and  they  were  come  to  take  his  Part.    Tlie  Deponent  said  that  he 
thought  he  had  done  Cross  full  Justice,  and  had  paid  him  honestly; 
l)ut  the  Deponent  being  much  terrified,  said  that  he  would  con- 
sider of  their  Demand.  That  they  seemed  dissatisfied  at  the  Depo- 
'  Kent's  requesting  Time  for  eonsideration,  and  insisted  that  be 


'M 


VBW  RAMP8BIRE  ORAim. 


7»7 


should  deliver  up  those  Writings  immediately,  that  the  Deponent 
said,  that  if  he  was  willing  to  do  it  then,  it  would  not  be  possible, 
for  that  his  Writings  were  at  Albany.  They  then  said  tliat  he 
sliould  go  next  morning  and  give  Cross  a  Bond  in  the  Penalty 
of  One  Thousand  Founds,  to  return  him  his  Papers,  and  suffer 
iilitt  to  ei^oy  the  Land  as  he  had  done  belbre  his  agreement  with 
the  Deponent.  That  the  Deponent  declined  to  make  such 
Promise,  and  desired  Time  to  go  down  to  Kinderhook  and 
advise  with  his  Brother,  they  replied  that  they  had  nothing  to 
do  with  Ms  Brother,  and  one  of  them  swore  that  the  Deponent 
should  never  have  any  Benefit  from  the  Land  which  Cross  had 
given  up,  nor  fodder  any  of  the  Produce  of  it.  That  in  the 
End  they  gave  the  Deponent  a  Fortnight's  Time  to  deliver  up 
the  Papers,  and  told  the  Deponent,  that  if  he  did  not  do  it  by 
that  Time,  the  consequence  would  be  very  terrible  to  him,  for 
they  would  not  co.ie  again  for  nothing ;  but  it  should  be  such  a 
day  to  him  as  he  never  seen  since  he  was  born.  That  on  going 
away  they  said  they  would  pay  a  visit  to  Squire  Munroe.  That 
Dep<»ient  next  day  applied  to  tlie  said  Justice  Munroe,  who 
ad'^ised  him  to  consult  the  Gentlemen  of  Albany,  what  was  best 
to  be  done.  That  the  Deponent  had  a  Meeting  at  Albany,  with 
the  Mayor  of  Albany,  and  Justice  Blicker,  and  represented  his 
case  to  them,  That  they  informed  the  Deponent,  that  it  was  out 
of  tlieir  Power  to  do  any  thing  for  him,  and  he  must  apply  to 
higher  authority.  That  the  Deponent  returned  back  to  bis 
House,  at  Wallumscock,  very  uneasy,  and  was  then  informed 
that  the  Rioters  had  reported  that  they  had  applied  to  him 
civilly,  but  that  if  he  did  not  do  as  he  was  ordered,  they  would 
come  the  next  time  Devil  like,  and  Times  should  be  worse  for  him. 
That  the  Deponent  continued  on  his  Farm  till  about  the  Expira- 
tion of  the  Fortnight,  which  the  Rioters  had  given  hira  to  comply 
with  their  before  mentioned  detmands,  of  restoring  the  Papers 
and  Possessions  to  the  said  Cross ;  the  last  Afternoon  of  which 
Fortnight,  one  James  Babcock  called  at  the  Deponent's  House, 
and  (as  this  Deponent  was  informed  by  his  Wife)  left  a  Message 
with  her  for  the  Deponent ;  that  it  was  best  for  him  to  go  Qjit 
of  the  Way,  tor  the  Rioters  were  so  violent  and  enraged  j  that^e 
thought  it  would  be  unsafe  for  him  to  stay  there.  That  the  I)epo- 


*       ii 
I    •  l\ 


im 


I     i 


»    * 


728 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTIMO  THE 


nent  accordingly  made  his  Escape,  and  the  next  Evening,  (as  he 
is  informed   by  liis  Wife  and   Brother,  who  remuintd  in  his 
Honse  at  Wullumscock)  the  Rioters  came  to  the  said  House,  to 
the  numberof  One  Hundred, some  of  vvliom  disfigured  with  Blaclc 
others  with  wigs  and  Horse  Tails,  and  Women's  caps  and  other 
Disguises;  and  armed   with  Guns,  Swords,  Pistols,  and  clubs- 
and  ransacked  and  searched  the  House  to  discover  the  Deponent  ■ 
and  swore  they  would  have  him,  if  they  went  down  to  Klnderhook 
for  him;  to  which  Place  his  Wife  said  she  informed  the  said  Rioters 
that  the  Deponent  had  fled.    And  the  Deponent  further  salth 
that  the  night  after  the  Sheriff  returned  with  the  Posse,  from 
an  unsuccessful  Attempt  to  serve  a  Writ  of  Possession  on  the 
Farm  of  James  Brackenridge,  in  Wallumscok  Patent  aforesaid  • 
The  Deponent  received  great  Injury,  as  he  verily  believes,  from 
the  said  Rioters,  having  near  two  hundred  Pannels  of  his  Fence 
taken  up  and  burnt  in  a  Heap,  with  a  large  stack  of  Hay. 
That  the  Deponent  is  informed  by  his  Wife  and  Brother,  and 
several  of  his  Neighbours,  that  in  the  last  mentioned  Night 
when  the  said  Rioters  came  to  search  for  him  as  aforesaid,  they 
overset  the  remaining  part  of  his  stacks  of  Hay,  and  scattered 
and  rolled  it  thro'  the  Mud  and  Filth  about  the  Field,  and  Flung 
down  the  remaining  Part  of  his  Fences.    And  the  Deponent 
further  saith,  that  he  does  verily  believe  that  he  was  in  great 
Danger  of  his  Life  from  the  said  Rioters,  It  having  been  IVequent- 
ly  reported,  that  the  Deponent  would  be  cropt,  gelt,  and  whipped 
by  the  said  Rioters,  and  tied  up  to  a  Tree  with  a  Gag  in  his 
Mouth,  and  so  starved  to  Death,  and  the  Deponent  saith,  that 
for  the  Preservation  of  his  Life,  he  has  been  obliged  to  fly  from, 
and  leave  his  said  Farm,  and  that  he  is  now  afraid  to  return, 
tho'  he  conceives  his  Estate  there  to  be  a  comfortable  Provision 
for  his  Family,  if  he  could  enjoy  it  in  quiet,  he  having  been  at 
great  Labour  and  Expence  in  Improvements,  and  that  he  sliould 
have  been  reduced,  with  his  Wife  and  Children,  to  the  greatest 
Distress,  had  he  not  been  relieved  by  the  kindness  of  his  Brother, 
who  had  taken  him  and  his  Wife  and  Children  into  his  House  at 
KinderhookU   And  the  Deponent  further  saith,  tliat  he  has 
always  understood,  been  informed  and  verily  believes,  that  the 
Lands  he  so  purchased  from  M'  De  Lancey,  were  a  part  of  a 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


729 


fraot  granted  to  Edward  Collins,  James  De  Lancey,  Gerardus 
Sturvesandt  Esquires,  and  others,  the  fifteenth  day  of  June,  one 
Thousand  Seven  Hundred  Thirty  Nine,  by  Letters  Patent  under 
the  Great  Seal  of  this  Province,  and  this  Deponent  purchased 
them  as  such  ;  and  that  the  Deponent  has  been  informed 
aad  verily  believcs  that  his  said  Farm  lies  within  the  Distance  of 
seventeen  Miles  from  Hudson's  River ;  And  further  this  Deponent 
gfiith  not  Samuel  Gardenicr. 

Sworn  this  21"  Day  of  September 
Anno  Dom  :  1771,  before  me 

Daniel  Horsmanden. 

And  the  Deponent,  the  said  Samuel  Gardenier,  being  again 

sworn,  saith,  that  tlie  above  named  Ichabod  Cross,  hath  at 

several  Times  told  this  Deponent,  that  if  the  Sherilf  should  turn 

out  of  Possession,  any  of  the  People  claiming  or  lioldhig  their 

Lands  under  New  Hampshire,  or  any  of  them  should  be  sent 

to  Gaol  they  would  raise  a.  Mob  and  go  in  a  Body  to  Albany, 

break  open  the  Gaol  there  and  take  them  out  of  Gaol ;  and  the 

Deponent  further  says,  that  he  understands  it  to  be  the  intentions 

and  Resolution  of  the  said  Claimants  in  general,  to  resist  the 

Sberifif  and  any  others  who  should  assist  him  in  the  Execution 

of  any  Writs  or  Precepts  issued  under  the  Authority  of  the 

Government  of  New  York. 

«  Samuel  Gardenier. 

Sworn  before  his  Excellency  (he  Governor  in  Council, 

at  New  York,  the  23d  of  September  1771 . 

Gw.  Banyar,  D.  CI.  Con. 


^i-  ^^ 


*•  ! 


H 


ORDERS  TO  APPREHEND  SEVERAL  RIOTERS  &C 

[Ooancil  Min.  XXVI.] 

In  Council  30*h  September,  1771. 
Upon  reading  this  day  at  the  Board  a  Deposition  taken  and 
Sworn  to  the  2^  day  of  September  Instant  before.  John  Munroe 


'I 


f;'r  .^-^ 


*Ji*' 


I'*  li'    *: 


i4&t 


730 


COMTAOVERSY  JVSSP|X:TINQ  THE 


JSsq'  one  of  his  Mi^esty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  Ccoiik 
of  Albanj',  deposing  that  on  the  night  of  tlie  second  of  August 
last,  and  on  or  about  the  Hour  of  twelve  or  one  o'cloclc  a  number 
of  Men  came  to  the  Deponents  House  in  a  Riotous  manner,  and 
turned  the  Deponent  his  Wife  and  Children  out  of  Doors,  and 
then  pulled  the  said  House  to  the  ground ;  and  that  Seth  Warner 
of  Bennington  W4S  Captain  of  the  said  Mob  and  that  Elnathan 
Hubleand  Amos  Mateson  were  amongst  the  said  Rioters,  wift 
many  others  whose  Names  the  Deponent  jtnows  not— His  Exciel- 
lency  the  Governor  with  the  advice  of  the  Council  recommended 
it  to  M'  Chief  Justice  Horsmanden  to  issue  his  Warrant  to  the 
High  Sheriff  of  the  City  and  County  of  Albany,  forthwith  to 
Apprehend  the  said  ^eth  Warner,  Elnathan  Huble,  and  Amos 
'Mateson  and  them  and  every  one  of  them  to  carry  before  one  of 
his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  this  Colony  to  be 
examined  touching  the  premises  and  dealt  with  according  to 
Law.  Tliat  a  Copy  hereof  be  transmitted  to  the  said  Sheriff,  and 
that  he  do  report  to  his  Excellency  his  proceedings  in  Conse- 
quence thereof.    '  < 

His  Excellency  laid  before  the  Board  a  Letter  from  Samuel 
Wells  Esq'  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Common 
pleas  for  the  County  of  Cumberland,  inclosing  the  Affidavit  of 
Nathaniel  Howe,  whereby  it  appears  that  Messieurs  Whiting  and 
Grout,  who  were  lately  employed  by  Governor  Wentworth  to 
trftoe  Connecticut  to  its  source,  liad  pursued  an  Easterly  instead 
of  tlie  Northerly  Branoli,  which  Eaiiterly  Branch  they  had 
returned  as  the  Head  of  Said  River.  r       '  s 

On  Reading  whereof  and  the  Affidavit  of  Samuel  Gardenier  of 
Wallumschack,  setting  forth,  sundry  late  flagrant  Instances  of 
Riots  and  Violences  committed  on  the  Claimants  of  this  province 
by  disorderly  persons  seated  on  Lands  within  this  province, 
under  Grants  of  New  Hampshire,  who  seem  to  be  grefttly  influ- 
enced in  tills  QUtvagious  Conduct, 'by  the  assurances  they  pretend 
to  have  received  from  tlie  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  that  the 
Jurisdiction  will  be  altered  by  his  Majesty  so  as  to  include  the 
Lands  held  by  them  within  tlie  Limits  of  New  Hampshire,  The 
jCouncil  humbly  advised  his  Excellency  to  write  to  Governor 
Wentworth  on  jthe  subject  of  the  >aid  exparte  Survey  of  Con 


mew  HAMFSHIftE  GRANTS. 


731 


nectiout  RiT«r,  and  to  urge  the  propriety  of  his  disavowing  by 
fome  public  Act,  any  such  or  the  like  assurances,  and  by  so 
necessary  a  Measure  co:operating  with  him  in  the  preferring 
peace  and  Tianquili^  among  the  settlers  in  that  part  of  tlie 
Country. 


,.f:.-i-.v,-~;v^     • 


GOVERNOR  OF  NEW*  YORK  TO  THE  GOVERNOR  OF  NEW 

HAMPSHIRE. 

'     ^  ^■-  '        New  York  October  2^  1771. 

Sir 
A  few  days  ago  I  received  Information,  that  during  the  last 

Winter  your  Excellency  formed  the  Design  of  Exploring  Connec- 
ticut River  to  its  source  That  the  Assembly  declining  any 
provision  for  the  Expence,  M'  Benjamin  Whiting  and  M'  Grant 
fferfe  sent  on  this  Service,  with  a  Letter  from  your  Excellency, 
urging  the  people  near  the  River  (Friends  to  New  Hampshire) 
to  contribute  to  the  charge,  in  which  many  engaged  from  a  Per- 
suasion that  the  Line  prescribed  by  his  Majesty's  Order  as  the 
Northern  Limits  of  New  York,  would  in  no  part  intersect  Con- 
necticut River ;  and  that  liis  Majesty  might  be  induced  from 
this  circumstance  to  alter  and  extend  the  Jurisdiction  of  New 
Hampshire. 

With  this  Intelligence  I  received  an  affidavit,  declaring  that 
Messieurs  Whiting  and  Grant,  instead  of  tracing  to  its  source 
the  Northerly  Branch,  which  is  manifestly  tUe  head  of  the  Biver, . 
pursued  an  Easterly  branch  above  the  Township  of  Lancaster 
that  falls  into  the  Main  River,  and  denominated  the  forthest 
Extent  of  this  Easterly  stream  as  the  Head  of  the  River. 

Had  your  Excellency  thought  fit  to  apprize  tliis  Government 
of  your  Design  they  would  I  am  assured  readily  have  adopted 
the  Measure,  defray  their  proportion  of  the  Expence,  and 
join'd  in  transmitting  the  Map  which.by  Intelligence  has  actually 
been  sent  to  his  Majesty's  Ministers  &  which  will  nowbecoi^id- 
ered  as  an  exparte  act,  and  not  deserving  of  UiAt  Weight  itmlght 
otherwise  have  had  in  the  Contest.  .  h  ',f 


'1 


?^  I-' 


)>« 


■H 


•  hi 


im 


'.•-.'i»4!^  ,1**1,. 


•tt'f 


^!l, 


f  i> 


r^r^.- 


»j  ,<•, 


732 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


The'  unacquainted  as  yet  with  the  Merits  of  the  Dispute  I 
am  no  stranger  to  the  Disturbances  it  has  produced  since  my 
arrival  in  this  Government  and  see  with  the  utmost  Concera  the 
consequences  still  likely  to  ensue,  if  the  refractory  and  disorder- 
ly  Behaviour  of  the  Grantees  under  New  Hampshire  is  not 
speedily  check'd  and  punished.  Regardless  of  Justice  and  in 
open  defiance  of  the  Laws  they  have  lately  by  force  dispossessed 
several  persons  setled  under  titles  derived  from  this  province 
prior  to  the  Commencement  of  the  Controversy  and  seem  to  be 
greatly  encouraged  by  the  assurances  they  ascribe  to  your  Ex- 
cellency, that  the  Jurisdiction  will  be  altered  so .  as  to  comprize 
within  your  Government  the  Lands  they  hold  which  In  some 
places  lie  at  no  greater  Distance  than  16  or  17  Miles  fropi  Hud- 
son's River.  Ill  grounded  as  these  Reports  I  am  willing  to 
believe  must  be,  yet  as  they  are  propagated  with  a  view  to  ex- 
asperate a  people  already  too  much  bent  on  Mischief,  and 
appear  to  have  had  the  intended  Effect,  I  hope  your  Excellency 
will  by  some  public  Act,  undeceive  these  deluded  Persons,  and 
by  so  necessary  a  Measure  cooperate  with  me  in  preserving  the 
peace  and  Tranquility  of  that  part  of  tlio  Country  until  his 
Maj»  pleasure  shall  be  signify ed  in  respect  to  the  New  Hampshire 
Grants  within  this  Province.  . 


9 


:/        AFFIDAVIT  OF  ROBERT  YATES. 

City  of  Albany  ss:  Robert  Yates  of  the  City  of 
Attorney  at  Law  being  duly  sworn  deposeth  and  saith  that  he 
this  Deponent  was  summoned  some  time  Last  June  or  July  by 
Henry  Ten  Eyck  Esq'  High  Sheriff  of  the  City  and  County  of 
Albany  a^  part  of  the  posse  to  assist  him  in  Executing  a  ^viitt 
of  Possession  for  the  Lands  and  Tenements  recovered  of  one 
Brakenridge  at  a  place  called  Pienningtown.  That  he  this  Depo- 
nent pursuant  to  such  summons  did  go  to  the  said,  that  the 
said  Sheriff  was  attended  to  within  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of 
the  said  possession  by  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  men  assem- 
bled by  his  command  for  the  purpose  as  tills  Deponent  under- 


[E  f 

of  the  Disi)ute,  I 
iroduced  since  my 
utmost  Concera  the 
ictory  and  disorder- 
Hampshire  is  not 
J  of  Justice  and  in 
>y  force  dispossessed 
from  this  province 
jrsy  and  seem  to  be 
iscribe  to  your  Ex- 
d  so .  as  to  comprize 
hold  which  In  some 
17  Miles  trop  Hud- 
rts  I  am  willing  to 
,  with  a  view  to  ex- 
it on  Mischief,  and 
ope  your  Excellency 
leluded  Persons,  and 
pe  in  preserving  the 
0  Country  until  his 
)  the  New  Hampshire 


ATES. 

the  City  of  Albany 
th  and  saith  that  he 
.ast  June  or  July  by 
B  City  and  County  of 
in  Executing  a  writt 
jnts  recovered  of  one 
i.    That  he  this  Depo- 
to  the  said,  that  the 
I  quarter  of  a  mile  of 
and  fifty  men  assem- 
tills  Deponent  under- 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


733 


stood  of  Assisting  him  that  the  said  Sheriff  required  the  said 
Posse  to  proceed  with  him  to  the  said  Lands  and  Tenements j 
that  the  greater  part  of  the  said  Posse  did  attend  him  near  to 
the  said  place  and  about  Twenty  or  Thirty  persons  to  the  House  . 
of  Brakenridge,  of  which  latter  number  this  Deponent  was 
one:— that  when  the  Sheriff  came  to  the  said  House;  and  pushed 
at  the  Door  he  found  the  same  was  Locked  or  closed,  so  that 
entry  could  not  be  easily  effected  without  violence  and  that 
the  said  Sheriff  did  request  of  those  within  that  the  said 
Door  should  be  opened  wh«>»  was  not  comply ed  with,  That  this 
Deponent  by  the  assent  of  the  Sheriff  read  by  the  Door  the 
writt  of  possessien  with  an  audible  voice  so  Jthat  those  within 
as  he  judged  could  easily  hear  him,  and  at  the  same  time 
aquainting  them  that  the  Sheriff  was  there  for  the  purpose  of. 
giving  possession  to  the  Plaintiff  who  had  recovered  the  same 
by  due  course  of  Law,  that  an  answer  was  given  by  those  who 
were  in  the  House  that  they  would  not  give  up  the  possession, 
iirt  he  this  Deponent  represented  to  them  the  Danger  which 
v<  Jd  attend  their  resisting  the  regular  course  of  the  Laws  and 
made  use  of  such  arguments  as  he  conceived  would  induce  them 
to  an  acquiesence  in  the  Determination  of  the  Suit  whereon  the 
recovery  of  the  possession  had  been  adjudged  in  favour  of  the 
Plaintiff,  but  to  no  purpose — That  this  Deponent  saw  a  number 
of  persons  South  east  of  the  said  House  and  another  party 
north  of  the  said  House  armed  with  Guns  who  this  Deponent 
judged  by  their  appearance  and  actions  were  there  for  the 
purpose  of  violently  opposing  the  said  Sheriff  in  the  Execution 
of  his  Office.    That  this  Deponent  also  observed  that  the  said 
House  had  been  put  in  a  posture  of  Defence  there  being  a 
number  of  Loop  holes  made  in  it  and  by  their  having  as  this 
Deponent  understood  secured  or  baracaded  the  Door,  and  that 
a  number  of  persons  wei-e  in  the  House — That  very  few  of  the 
posse  who  accompenying  the  Sheriff  were  armed,  That  therefore 
this  Deponent  judged  it  would  have  been  rashness  in  the  Sheriff 
and  posse  to  have  proceeded  to  violence  in  order  to  gain  the 
possession,  as  the  certain  consequence  (in  this  Deponents  opinion) 
would  have  been  the  Loss  of  some  of  th'eir  Lives,  and  that 
without  the  posse  being  in  a  capacity  to  resist  them  on  equal 


!  i 


1,1- 


Jim 


ifi 


.i-'r 


!•! 


!  .1 


H 


tr     •* 


J 


734 


COMTROVKBSY   BESPCCTIVO  THE 


Terms — ^That  therefore  after  the  posse. or  part  thereof  had 
remained  Sbme  time  by  and  near  the  House  of  Brakenridge  they 
returned — ^That  the  said  Sheriff  before  the  posse  had  proceeded 
on  their  return  above  a  quarter  of  a  Mile,  Told  this  Deponent 
and  he  believes  others  that  he  had  also  a  writt  of  possession'  fer 
the  farm  of  one  FuKer,  and  requested  him  this  Deponent  and 
he  believes  others  to  assist  him  in  taking  possession  of  the 
same — That  this  Deponent  told  the  Sheriff  that  he  was  ready 
to  attend  him,  but  seeing  that  most  df  the  posse  made  off  for 
their  respective  abodes,  he  this  Deponent  did  also  return,  to 
which  he  was  the  more  readily  induced  from  the  consideration 
of  the  little  probability  there  was  that  the  Sheriff  could  succeed 
in  gaining  this  latter  possf  "^ion  when  he  had  been  so  unsuccess- 
ful! in  the  attempt  on  Brakenridge's  and  fitrther  this  Deponent 
saith  not. 

■  '-  -^  RobtTates. 
Sworn  iWs  seventh  day  of  October  .  ;  ..r. 

1771  before  me 

j^  Abbm  0.  CuYLsa  Mayor* 


';i'  •^. 


'i' :.'),< 


■?*; 


»ii  4 


AFFIDAVIT  OF'WM.  PEMBERTON. 

City  of  Albany  ss:  William  Pemberton  of  the  city  of  Albany 
Mariner  of  full  age  being  duly  Sworn  deposeth  and  Sattb. 
That  sometime  in  July  last  past  he  this  Deponent  attended  the 
Sheriff  as  part  of  the  posse  to  assist  him  in  takinge  possession  of 
the  House  and  Lands  that  were  in  the  possession  of  James 
Breakenridge  at  Benningtown  in  the  County  of  Albany,  That 
when  the  said  posse  and  Sheriff  had  proceeded  to  a  Bridge  about 
half  a  Mile  from  the  Said  House,  a  Stop  was  made  for  some  short 
time,  in  order  to  see  whether  by  the  persuasion  of  the  Mayor  of 
Albany  and  some  other  Gentlemen  who  were  gone  to  Brakenridge 
for  tliat  purpose  they  could  not  be  prevailed  on  to  Surrender  the 
possession  peaceably.  That  upon  their  return,  and  tlie  Sheriff 
being  informed  that  they  would  not  Suri-ender  he  ordered  the 
posse  to  proceed  over  the  Bridge  to  the  said  House  and  directed 


AJ^^ 


1  RovtTates. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


735 


this  deponent  to  assist  him  in  bringing  on  the  posse  and  to  use 
liis  endeavours  for  that  purpose,  Tliat  agreeable  to  this  request 
he  this  Deponent  endeavoured  to  prevail  on  such  as  appeared 
backward  to  come  up,  but  in  vain  for  above  Twenty  persona 
would  not  stir  beyond  the  Bridge.  That  he  this  Deponent  then 
proceeded  with  the  Sheriff  tto  the  House,  and  found  that  not 
above  Twenty  persons  of  the  posse  attended  him  there,  that  the 
rest  of  the  posse  who  had  crossed  over  the  Bridge  kept  back  at 
some  distance  from  the  House  notwithstanding  the  Sheriffs 
repeated  request  to  the  contrary— That  when  the  Sheriff  came 
up  to  the  liouse  he  this  Deponent  saw  that  a  number  of  people 
who  appeared  in  opposition  to  the  Sheriffs  posse  had  taken 
possession  of  a  small  Ridge  North  of  the  said  House  that  another 
party  of  such  lUen  had  the  possession  of  a  rising  Ground  South  East 
of  the  House  about  100  yards  distance,  that  the  House  was  Locked 
and  a  number  of  Loop  holes  made  as  this  Deponent  conceives 
to  be  made  use  of  to  fire  thro'  That  this  Deponent  saw  the  Sheriff 
knock  at  the  Door  and  desire  admittance  and  acquainted  those 
in  the  House  that  he  was  the  Sheriff  of  the  County  of  Albany 
and  bad  a  writ  of  possession  against  that  House — That  those 
who  were  in  the  House  refused  surrendering  the  possession  by 
saying  that  they  would  not  give  up—  That  then  the  Sheriff  ordered 
the  writt  of  possession  to  be  read  which  was  accordingly  done, 
That  he  this  Deponent,  seeing  the  men  South  East  of  the  $aid 
House,  went  up  to  them  that  the  Sheriff  also  came  up  to  them, 
that  before  they  came  to  the  place  three  of  the  party  met  this 
Depouent  and  the  Sheriff  and  desired  them  to  be  gone,  and  upon 
the  Sheriffs  requesting  them  to  assist  him  in  gaining  the  possession 
and  refusing  to  depart,  these  men  gave  notice  to  their  party  to 
cock  their  pieces  which  was  accordingly  done  whereupon  the 
Sheriff  and  this  Deponent  returned  to  the  Hous».  That  he  this 
Deponent  judged  that  this  party  consisted  of  above  forty  men 
who  were  all  of  them  armed  with  Guns,  That  he  this  Deponent 
and  the  Sheriff  went  to  the  party  who  had  the  possession  of  the 
ground  North  of  the  House,  That  when  they  had  proceeded  to 
a  fence,  they  were  ordered  by  the  party  not  to  come  over  it — 
That  the  Sheriff  asked  them  what  Business  they  had  there  j. 
That  they  then  asked  the  Sheriff  what  business  he  had  there,  that 


t  ■ 


"»,: 


LI 


»  V 


i 


,: 


if:' ' 


I  ill" 


.fX~l  -I- 


^h  i  '  'i 


I-  tit. 


736 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


he  the  Shentt*  informed  them  that  he  came  there  to  take  the 
possession  of  Bralcenridge's  House — That  those  people  then 
ordered  them  to  Depart  and  that  if  they  did  not  they  would  make 
them  Depart  Whereupon  the  Sheriff  returned  to  the  House,  and 
again  pushed  and  knocked  at  the  Door  and  requested  admission 
tho'  unsuccessful!,  that  then  the  Sheriff  called  to  one  of  his  Depu- 
ties for  an  axe  in  order  to  break  open  the  Door.  That  as  soon  as 
the  Sheriff  had  the  ax  the  party  lying  South  East  of  the  House 
presented  their  Guns—- and  he  this  Deponent  seeing  that  if  the 
Sheriff  proceeded  to  the  forcing  the  Door,  the  consequence  would 
probably  be  the  Death  of  the  Small  party  remaining  with  him 
took  hold  of  the  Sheriff  and  prevented  him  from  endeavouring 
the  forcing  the  said  Door — That  thereupon  the  posse  returned— 
That  the  Sheriff  then  commanded  the  posse  to  another  place 
whereof  he  was  to  deliver  the  possession,  that  the  said  posse 
refused  attending  him.    And  fartlier  this  Deponent  saith  not. 

William  Pemberton. 
Sworn  before  me  this  28 "»  Day  of 

August  1771  ''^  ■         ■'    ;^  ■ 

•     '     '  VoLKERT  P.  Douw- Justice. 


:<.! 


.        .'■'      -'    '.M 


r./  :{»|",'.k?>.;»','i:fi,; 


'»:t   :  '      ■■'' 


!..^'>-    .  *•.!"..-. 


AFFroAVITOF  JOHN  ROORBACK. 

City  of  Albany  ss.  John  Roorback,  Esq**  one  of  the  Alder- 
men of  this  City,  and  one  of  his  Majesty.'s  Justices  of  the  Peace 
for  the  said  City  &  County  :  who  maketh  oath,  tliat  about  the 
middle  of  July  last  he  was  summoned  by  Henry  Ten  Eyck  Jun' 
Esq'  High  Sheriff  of  the  City  &  County  of  Albany,  to  assist  in  a 
Posse  of  the  County  to  be  raised  by  him  in  obtaining  Possession 
of  the  House  &  Farm  of  James  Brakenridge  at  Wallomskack  by 
virtue  of  a  writt  of  Possession  to  him  directed.  Issued  out  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  Judicature  of  New  York  :  in  consequence 
of  wJjich  Summons  he  with  many  others  attended  the  Sheriff  to 
the  House  (said  to  be  the  said  Brakenridge's) :  that  at  tlieir  coming 
theire  they  found  (as  they  had  been  before  inform'd)  the  House 


1  obtaining  Possession 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


to  appearance  full  of  men  and  the  Doors  fastened  and  Loop 
Holes  made  therein  as  well  as  in  other  parts  of  the  House  which 
he  believes  were  made  to  make  Defence  in  Case  any  attempt  of 
violence  should  be  made  on  said  House :   that  the  Sheriff* 
demanded  admittance  which  those  from  within  refused,  on  which 
the  Sheriff  told  them  who  he  was  &  inform'd  them  of  liis  Busi- 
ness and  asked  whether  they  were  within  hearing  they  answered 
in  the  affirmative  on  which  the  Slieriff"  Standing  at  the  Door 
with  Robert  Yates  Esq'  the  latter  read  the  writt  of  Possession 
with  an  audable  voice  which  they  from  within  disregarded  and 
persisted  in  refusing  admittance.    On  which  the  greatest     art 
of  the  Posse  being  retired  being  intimated  by  a  considerable 
number  of  armed  men  on  the  South  East  &  another  Party  on 
the  north  of  said  House  at  the  Distance  of  about  one  hundred 
yard  from  said  House  :  the  Sheriff  endeavoured  several  times  to 
rally  the  Posse,  but  was  left  with  this  Deponent  and  about 
twenty  others  on  the  Spot,  and  once  when  the  Sheriff  knock'd 
with  his  Hanger  against  the  Door  this  Deponent  hear'd  as  it  were 
the  Cockinjr  of  Fire  arms  and  looking  towards  the  North  (which 
the  Door  of  the  House  faced)  saw  several  men  stand  in  the 
Posture  of  fireing,  and  verily  believes  that  if  the  Sheriff  had 
attempted  to  force  open  the  Door  that  several  Lives  would  have 
been  lost,  and  as  the  Sheriffs  Party  were  unarmed  (except  a  very 
few)  this  Deponent  is  convinced  that  the  sheriff  did  all  that  a  pru- 
dent man  could  do  to  obtain  the  Possession  at  said  Brakenridge's 
and  his  Bad  success  the»B  made  it  impossible  for  him  to  keep 
the  Posse  to  go  as  lie  said  to  one  Fuller's  on  a  like  Errand, 

and  further  the  Deponent  Saith  not       ?'•''', 

J.  Roorback. 
Sworn  this  lO'h  October  .     '   ,      ',  -' 

1771,  Before  me  ,      . 

Jacob  C.  Ten  Eyck  Justice. 


.».( 


.(.fee) 


/**, 


.t. 


■     !   \ 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  AB.  C.  CUYLER.         ' 

City  Albany  ss  :    Abraham  C.  €uyleb  Esq'  of  the  City  of 
Albany,  being  duly  Sworn  and  Saith  that  sometime  in  July  last 
Vol.  IV.  47 


'  5 


Sf 


it. 


I 


738 


CONTROVEBSY   RfiSPtXTTIKO  .TUF 


tliis  deponent  was  summoned  by  Henry  Ten  Eyck  Esq'  SlierilT 
of  tlie  City  &  County  of  Albany,  to  assist  him  in  Executing  a  writ 
of  Possession  for  the  lands  &«  recover'd  of  one  Brakenvidge  at 
Bennington,  that  he  this  deponent  did  attend  the  Sheritf  with 
his  possi  when  about  2  miles  from  said  Brakenridges  possessions 
lie  the  deponent,  was  desired  by  the  Sheriff  &  some  of  the  Magis- 
trates in  tlie  Fosse,  to  go  fbrward  to  speak  to  Breakenridge  iu 
order  to  prevail  on  him  to  give  the  peaceable  Possession  of  the 
house  &  lands  he  then  Occupied,  and  when  be  this  depon^  cume 
to  about  \  mile  from  said  Brakenridges  house  he  was  desired  to 
stop  &  not  proceed  across  a  bridge  on  which  an  armed  man 
stood  with  some  others  near  to  him,  and  wlien  this  depon^  hud 
acquainted  them  that  he  wanted  to  speak  to  Brakenridge  he  \\s& 
sufferd  to  proceed  on,  after  having  pledged  his  honor  tliat  lie 
had  no  ill  design  against  the  S"*  Brekenridges  person,  that  this 
deponent  did.  use  many  convinceing  arguments  with  Brekeniidge 
to  prevail  on  him  to  give  the  possession  to  the  Slieriii'  &  his 
Possi,  but  all  this  depopent  cou'd  do  wou'd  not  prevail  on  him, 
and  it  appeared  to  this  deponent  that  he  was  determin'd  with 
those  about  him  to  keep  the  Possession,  that  this  deponent  saw 
a  great  number  of  people  assembled  about  Brekenridges  house, 
and  went  to  them  &  desired  them  in  his  Majestys  Name  to  dis- 
j>erse  which  they  seemingly  did,  that  this  deponent  return'd  to 
the  Sheriff  &  posse  &  acquainted  the  Sheriff  of  what  lie  had  met 
with  &  told  tne  Sheriff  it  was  his  opinion  he  cou'd  not  git  the 
Possession,  soon  after  the  Sheriff  required  liis  Posse  to  attend 
him  to  the  House  of  Brekenridge  to  take  the  Possession  when 
but  few  of  the  posse  wou'd  come  near  the  house  that  the  depo- 
nent saw  the  Sheriff  push  at  the  door,  which  was  closed  that  lie 
cou'd  not  enter,  that  this  deponent  saw  a  great  Number  of  armed 
persons  near  the  house  who  Avere  determined  not  to  sufler  the 
S!ioriff  &  Posse  take  the  possession,  and  that  he  saw  a  party 
lovel  their  arms   towards   the  Sheriff  &  the  few  of  the  posse 
with  him  seemingly  with  an  intent  to  tire  on  the  first  offer  of 
•.  ivtlenee  by  the  Sheriff,  that  the  deponent  judged  it  would  have 
!)»'(*u  rashness  in  the  Sheriff  and  Posse  to  have  proceeded  to 
violence  in  order  to  gain  the  Possession,  that  the  depon*  believes 
it  cou'd  not  have  been  effected  &  is  of  opinion  that  if  the  attempt 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


730 


lad  been  mad'e,  that  many  of  the  Posse  wou'd  have  lost  their 
lives,  and  farther  this  deponent  Saith  not. 

'     Abrm  C.  Cuyler. 
Sworn  the  12"»  October 

1771  before  me 

'  Jn«>  B.  Bleecker,  Aid™. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  VOLKERT  P.  DOUW. 

City  of  Albany  ss.  Yolkert  P.  Douw  of  the  City  of  Albany 
merchant  of  full  age  being  duly  sworn  deposeth  and  saith  that 
Some  Time  .in  July  last  past  he  this  deponent  was  Summons  by 
Henry  Ten  Eyck  Esq'  Sheriff  for  the  City  and  County  of  Albany 
to  assist  him  in  Takinge  possession  of  the  house  and  Lands  that 
were  in  the  possession  of  James  Brakenridge  at  Bennington  in 
the  county  of  Albany  that  when  the  Sheriff  with  the  posse 
proceeded  to  a  Bridge  about  half  a  mile  from  the  said  house  a 
stop  was  made  for  some  short  Time  in  order  to  see  whether  by 
the  persuasion  of  the  Mayor  of  Albany  and  some  other  Gentle- 
men who  were  Gone  to  Brakinridge  if  the  could  not  prevail  on 
him  to  surrender  tlie  possession  peaceably  as  I  was  informed 
that  upon  their  return  and  the  Sheriff  Informed  that  they  would 
uot  surrender  he  ordered  the  posse  to  Proceed  over  the  Bridge 
to  the  said  house  that  he  this  deponent  then  proceeded  with  the 
Sheriff  to  the  house  and  found  that  not  above  twenty  or  thirty 
persons  of  the  posse  Attended  the  Sheriff  to  the  house  of  Braken- 
ridge the  remainder  of  the  posse  kept  Back  at  some  distance 
from  the  house  the  Sheriff  requested  of  them  to  cum  up  to  the 
house  but  they  did  not  cum  he  this  Deponent  saw  a  number 
of  peopl  who  appeared  in  opposition  to  tlie  Sheriffs  posse  had 
taken  possession  of  a  small  Ridge  North  East  fi-om  the  house 
And  attother  party  of '  about  twenty  or  thirty  men  had  the 
possession  of  a  reising  Ground  Sout  East  of  the  house  about 
200  yards  Distance  that  this  Deponent  saw  the  Sheriff  knock 
at  tlie  Door  and  desire  admittance  and  Acquainted  those  in  the 
house  tliat  he  had  a  writ  of  possession  against  that  house  that 


^t  ■  I  ^4 


\i 


1. 1 


..r'i 


'i-fl 


1 1 


^  '■ 


I:  m'  *•!>■.  ■•"■ 


'f;-r 


.''. 

p 


y 


CONTROVERSY  RESPXCTlirG  TIIK 

those  that  were  in  the  house  refused  admittance  to  the  Sheriff 
that  tlie  SheriflT  ordered  tlie  writ  of  possession  to  be  read  which 
was  accordingly  Done  lliat  the  party  Lying  Sout  East  of  the 
house  when  the  Sheriff  knock  at  the  door  presented  their  Guns 
at  the  Sheriff  and  his  party  and  further  this  Deponent  saith  not 

VOLKERT   P.  DOUW. 

Sworn  before  me  this  12  Day  of 
.  ,,:   .    October  1771. 

Peter  Lansingh,  Alderman. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  JNO.  R.  BLEECKER. 

John  R.  Bleecker  of  the  City  of  Albany  of  full  age  l)eiDg  dulr 
sworn  on  the  holy  evangelist  of  Almighty  God  deposeth  and 
saith,  that  some  time  in  the  month  of  July  last  past  this  Depo- 
nent was  summoned  by  Henry  Ten  Eyck  Jun»Esq«"high  Sheriff  of 
the  City  and  County  of  Albany  to  assist  the  said  Sheriff  to  take 
possession  of  the  Houses  and  Farms  of  James  Brackenridge  and 
Josiah  Fuller  at  Bennington,  that  this  Deponent  togetlier  with 
sundry  other  Persons  went  with  the  said  Sheriff  the  Thursday 
next  following  after  he  had  been  so  summoned  as  faiT  as  Sank- 
haick  and  the  next  day  escorted  the  said  Sherilf  accompanied 
•by  many  other  persons  to  the  House  of  the  said  James  Bfacken 
ridge,  that  this  Deponent  found  a  number  of  Persons  about  the 
said  House  srmed  with  Clubs  staves  Guns  and  other  offensive 
Weapons  all  unknown  to  this  Deponent,  that  this  Deponent 
understood  that  tlie  said  Persons  so  armed  were  met  together 
with  an  Intent  to  oppose  the  said  Sheriif  to  take  possession  of 
the  said  House  and  that  they  had  placed  themselves  in  such 
situations  as  if  they  Had  expected  to  engage  with  an  approach- 
Ljg  Enemy,  that  the  said  Sherift'  went  up  to  the  Door  of  tlie 
said  House  which  was  shut,  and  this  Deponent  was  informed 
that  there  were  a  Number  of  armed  Men  in  tlie  said  House  who 
were  determined  to  keep  the  said  Slieriff  &  his  associates  out  of 
the  said  House  in  Case  they  should  offer  to  take  Possession  of 
it,  that  this  Deponent  and  Abraham   C.   Cuyler  Esf  went 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


741 


up  towards  a  number  of  the  said  Persons  who  had  placed  them- 
selves near  the  said  House  in  order  to  summons  them  to  assist 
the  said  Sheriff  to  take  the  possession  but  that  when  this  Depo- 
nent and  the  said  Abraham'  0.  Cuyler  approached  near  them 
they  ordered  this  Deponent  and  thie  said  Abraham  C.  Cuyler  to 
stand  off  and  this  Deponent  has  great  reason  to  think  that  if  the 
said  Sheriff  had  attempted  to  break  open  the  said  House  he 
ff6uld  have  been  in  the  utmost  Danger  of  losing  his  Life  and  all 
those  that  would  have  assisted  him  in  the  attempt. 

Jmo  R.  Bleecker. 
Sworn  before  me  this  12t«>  Day 
of  October  1771. 

Abm  C.  Cuyler  Mayor 


■i^iUiVfifrifi  ir-:r 


rji 


.    •■■■''(I 


..,'i': 


(ttOV^.'i 


i>«^*J  4. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  CHRISTOPHER  P.  YATES. 

City  of  Albany  ss.  Christopher  P.  Yates  of  the  City  of 
Albany,  Attorney  at  Law,  being  duly  sworn  deposeth  and  saith, 
That  some  Time  in  July  last,  IJe  was  summoned  by  Henry  Ten 
Eyck  Esq'  Sheriff  of  the  County  of  Albany,  as  one  of  the  Posse 
to  assist  him  to  dispossess,  James  Breakenage  and  Josiah  Fuller 
from  Farms  and  Messuages  which  had  been  recovered  against 
them  by  Due  Course  of  Law,  That  pursuant  to  his  summons  he 
repaired  to  the  Place  appointed  by  the  Sheriff  for  the  Posse  to 
meet,  That  from  thence  the  Sheriff  with  about  one  hundred  and 
thirty  men  proceeded  to  Breaknage's  House,  and  by  the  way 
found  a  Bridge  taken  up  where  the  Rioters  gave  the  Sheriff^  to 
understand  that  they  would  not  give  up  the  possession,  upon 
whicl^  the  Sheriff  ordered  his  posse  to  follow  him  to  the  House, 
That  when  the  Sheriff  came  up  to  the  House,  he  knocked  at  the 
Door  and  demanded  entrance  which  the  people  from  within 
refused  That  there  were  a  very  large  Number  of  men  assembled 
with  arms  to  oppose  the  posse,  &  this  Deponent  further  saith 
that  when  the  sheriff  called  for  an  axe.  to  force  Entrance  into 
the  House  a  Number  of  men  in  a  Field  adjoining  arose  and  if 


»,  « 


:''l 


m 


cnirraoTUST  uEiRcrnrG  Tnx 


#%i'*' 


II -I'll 


this  Deponent  remembers  right  one  presented  his  Oun  to  thi 

Sheriff,  th«  posse  seeing  which  tried  to  peisnade  the  Sheriff  t« 

lay  down  the  axe  and  leave  the  House,  representing  to  him  the 

Dangerous  consequences  that  would  attend,  for,  this  Deponent 

believes  that  if  the  Sheriff  had  not  desisted  from  breaking  hitc 

the  House,  not  only  those  from  within  bmt  likewise  the  parti 

from  the  Fields  would  have  fixed  upon  the  Sheriff  ami  hii 

Fosse,  and  probably  the  Death  of  Several  of  them  would  have 

been  the  result.  That  when  the  Sheriff  left  the  House  he  ordered 

his  Posse  not  to  depart  for  he  designed  to  go  to  Fullers  House 

but  notwithstanding  his  orders  more  than  one  hajf  of  the  posse 

departed,  and  he  was  at  last  obliged  (seeing  so  few  attended  him) 

to  discharge  the  whole  and  further  this  Deponent  suith  not. 

Chris.  P.  Yatm. 
Sworn  the  22th  October  1771 

before  me 

VoLKERT  P.  Douw  Judge  ;,    ,  i 


i 


<IJ^  ■  *yS^A 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  GYSBERT  6.  MARSELIS. 


'    City  of  Albany  ss.    Gysbeht  G.  Marselis  Esq'  one  of  the 
Aldermen  of  the  said  City  of  Albany  &  one  of  his  Majestys  Justices 
of  the  Peace  for  the  said  City  &  County,  being  duly  swoni 
deposeth  and  saith  that  he  this  deponent  was  summoned  some 
time  Last  June  or  July  by  Henry  Ten  Eyck  Jun' Esq' high 
sheriff  for  the  said  City  and  County  of  Albany,  as  part  of  the 
Posse  to  assist  him  in  Executing  a  writt  of  Possession  for  the 
Lands  and  Tenements  recovered  of  one  IBIrakenridge    at  a  place 
called  Benningtown,  that  he  this  Deponent  pursuant  to  such 
summons  did'  go  to  the  said  place  that  t^ie  said  Sheriff  was 
attended  to  within  about  a  quarter  of  a  Mile  of  the  said  Posses- 
sion, by  about  one  hundred  and  Fifty  men  assembled  hy  his 
command  for  the  purpose  as  this  Deponent  understood  of  assist- 
ing him,  he  the  said  Sheriff  required  his  said  Posse  to  proceed 
witli  him  to  the  said  Lands  and  Tenements,  That  the  greater 
part  of  the  said  Posse  did  attend  him  near  to  the  said  place  and 


♦ 


MEW  HAMPSHIRE  OEAMTt. 


743 


nbout  Twenty  or  thirty  persons  to  the  House  of  Brakenrldge, 
That  when  the  Sheriff  came  to  the  said  House,  and  pushed  at 
the  door  he  found  the  same  was  Locked  or  closed  so  that  (intry 
could  not  be  easily  effected  without  violence,  that  this  Deponent 
savf  a  number  of  persons  south  east  of  the  said  House  and 
another  party  north  of  the  said  House  armed  with  guns  who 
who  this  Deponent  Judged  by  their  appearance  and  actions  were 
.  there  for  the  purpose  of  violently  opposing  the  said  Sheriff  in 
the  Execution  of  his  Office.    That  this  Deponent  also  observed 
that  the  said  House  had  been  put  in  a  posture  of  Defence  there 
being  a  number  of  Loop  holes  made  in  it  and  by  their  htiving 
as  this  Deponent  understood  secured  or  bar/  rcaded  the  Door ,  and 
that  a  number  of  persons  were  in  the  Houo';,  Thftt  very  few  of 
the  Posse  accompeuing  the  Sheriff  were  armed,  That  therefore 
this  Deponent  Judged  it  would  have  been  rashness  in  the  SherJF 
and  Posse  to  have  proceeded  to  violence  in  order  to  gain  i'.'^ 
Possession  as  the  certain  consequence  in  this  Deponents  op  i^lm 
would  have  been  the  Loss  of  someof  tlieir  Lives,  ar\  U  at  with- 
out the  Posse  being  in  capacity  to  resist  them  on  equ  !  Terms 
That  therefore  after  the  Posse  or  part  thereof  had  remained 
sometime  by  and  near  the  House, of  Breakinridge  they  returned, 
that  the  said  Sheriff  Before  the  Posse  had  proceeded  on  their 
return  above  a  .quarter  of  a  mile,  that  he  had  al-^o  a  writt  of 
possession  for  the  farm  of  one  Fuller  and  requested  him  this 
Deponent  and  others  to  assist  him  in  taking  possession  of  the 
same,  That  this  Deponent  was  ready  to  attend  him,  but  seeing 
that  most  of  the  Posse  made  off  for  their  respective  abodes,  ho 
this  Deponent  did  also  return  to  which  h<^  was  the  more  readily 
induced  flrom  tlie  consideration  of  the  Lit'  <(:  Probability  there  was 
that  the  Sheriff  could  succeed  in  gaining  this  Latter  Possession 
when  he  had  been  so.unsuccessful  in  the  attempt  on  Brakenrldge 
and  further  this  Deponent  saith  r  I. 

Gtsbert  O.  Marselis. 
Sworn  this  Twelfth  day  of  October  1771,  ,  ^ 

■Before  me  .  .^^'nt.  -^^  ^;^>v^i 

VOLKERT   P.   DOUW.       "^      '-  '    '^i  • -^f  5ri+ 


'ik4(W\^i^f  3iir; 


:a-T^ 


*# 


U 


i'  i 


■  '1 


j 

n 


744                                 CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THF 

.mMii'ik^-  ^0  ■■iHi?i:?Ji 

ESQR    MUNRO  TO  GOV.  TRYON 

f>  ;!i' 


1  ? 


MM 
"         '  ''      \ 


\^     i. 


May  it  Please  your  Excellency 

I  take  the  liberty  of  acquainting  your  Excellency  that  on  the 
evening  of  the  2<*  day  of  this  instant  november  your  excellencys 
letter  to  the  Justices  relative  to  the  Dispossessing  of  a  number 
reduced  Soldiers  was  delivered  to  me  by  one  of  the  Complain- 
ants who  informs  me  of  their  being  drove  to  the  greatest  distress 
with  their  familys  many  of  them  being  Sick  and  not  able  to 
work — he  also  informs  rae  of  the  New  Hampshire  claimants 
Driving  them  off  the  land  before  they  had  any  time  to  build— in 
the  meantime  I  have  taken  proof  against  them  and  issued  war- 
rants for  apprehending  and  carrying  a  number  of  them  to  Goal 
tliorough  the  woods  if  Possible  which  I  hope  will  be  done.  I 
should  have  proceeded  on  the  view  according  to  your  Excellen- 
cy's Orders  but  I  have  been  coufind'd  to  my  room  ever  since  I 
came  from  New  York  being  in  a  very  bad  state  of  health. 
- ;  I  have  sent  your  Excellency's  letter  with  the  Copy  of  the 
complainant  to  M'  John  Macomb,  and  doubt  not  but  he  &  the 
other  Justices  will  proceed  according  to  their  orders  and  in  few 
days  make  their  return  to  your  Excellency  I  herewith  Send  to 
your  Excellency  a  copy  of  John  Todds  complaint  upon  oath  who 
have  been  also  disposses'd  this  man  came  from  Ireland  with  a 
number  of  other  Settlers.  I  am  sorry  to  inform  your  Excellency 
that  the  same  Factious  Spirit  still  prevails  thoroughout  this  Coun- 
try, for  its  got  so  that  no  man  durst  Speakeone  word  in  favour  of 
this  Government  without  being  in  danger  of  both  life  and  prop- 
erty— for  they  declare  themselves  not  afraid  of  all  the  Force  that 
this  Government  can  send  against  them  and  they  will  hold  the 
land  in  defyance  of  his  Majestys  should  he  go  contrary  to  what 
they  thing  is  right.  i  ,\\\y 

Their  agents  are  returned  from  seeing  M'  Johnson  (who  if  their 
Story  be  true)  has  assured  them  that  they  shall  hold  all  their 
Lands  as  granted  to  them  by  New  Hampshire  this  News  bloas 
the  Coals,  and  they  are  crouding  up  to  this  Country  as  if  all 
New  England  was  set  on  fire. 

The  conduct  of  those  people  will  undoubtedly  Ruin  the  Settle- 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANT8L 


745 


aients  in  this  part  of  the  County ;  for  no  man  Durst  Settle  but 
a  new  England  man.    I  shall  endeavour  to  give  your  Excellency 
every  Information  that  can  be  of  service  to  this  Government. 
And  I  am  with  Due  Obedience  Your  Excellency 
very  faithful  Servant  to  Command 
Fowlis  Nov' C^*"  1771.  -.'A    .  John  Munro. 

p.  S :  Since  I  wrote  the  above,  I  am  informed  that  they  sent 
a  Petition  to  his  Majesty  Praying  to  have  the  Jurisdiction  chaflged 
to  New  Hampshire  as  far  west  as  to  include  all  the  Grants  which 
Gov'  Wentworth  made,  at  the  Same  time  praying  his  Majesty 
not  to  determin  upon  the  Board  of  trade's  report  untill  the 
Jurisdiction  is  first  altered  :  I  hope  your  Excellency  will  pardon 
the  Defects  of  my  letter  &  I  am  with  submission  as  above 

John.  Munro. 


■iA 


LI- 


!h  h  ',:, 


J 


WARRANT  TO  ARREST  CERTAIN  RIOTERS  IN  RUPERT. 

County  Albany  ss : 

By  Alex'  McNanghton  Esq'"  one  of  hisMajestys  Justices  in  & 
for  said  County. 

Whereas  one  Charles  Hutchesson  late  Corporal  in  Col :  Mont- 
gomerys  highland  regm*  of  foot  Compeared  before  me  &  being 
duly  Sworn  Deposeth  and  Saith.  '  i    >{       --•!-. 

That  upon  the  29*»>  day  of  Oct'  last  or  one  or  other  of  the 
days  of  said  month  the  Deponent  being  at  work  upon  a  Lott  of 
200  acres  of  land  granted  him  by  Patent  from  under  the  Seal  of 
this  Province  of  New  York  said  land  being  vacant  lying  about  15 
nules  East  of  Hudsons  river  &  4  miles  North  of  New  Perth 
township  in  County  Albany  :  There  assembled  Nine  men  who 
call  themselves  New  Hampshire  men  about  the  Deponents  house 
which  he  had  bpilt  on  said  Lott  and  the  Deponent  observing  all 
having  fire  arras  &  attempting  to  demolish  his  house  he  left  his 
work  came  &  earnestly  desired  them  to  stop  whereupon  one 
SIrnaraed  Allen,  another  Baker  &  one  Sevil  with  Ro'  Cochran  & 
5  other  nam^s  unknown  to  the  Deponent  said  that  they  would 


■■  I 


l-i' 


i  ...1 


•1, 


III 


;!  M 


>lWd.-  y^ 


746 


COZmOTCRSV   KUntOTlSG^  THE 


■p'r«- 


:    (1    , 


i     . 


I'     J 


i»^    ■,» 


f:i 


1^! 


burn  it  for  that  morning  they  had  resolved  to  ofler  a  bnrot  Sacri- 
fice to  the  Gods  of  the  world  in  burning  the  Logs  of  that  house 
That  then  thej  kindled  4  fires  on  the  Logs  of  the  house  Said 
Allen  &  Baker  holding  2  clubbs.  over  the  Deponents  head  ready 
to  strike  Commanded  him  to  leave  that  land  &  not  say  one  word 
to  them.  That  if  ever  he  returned  he  should  be  barbarously 
used.  That  the  fires  being  kindled  said  Allen  &  Baker  Insolent- 
ly said  to  the  Deponent — Go  yo\ir  way  now  &  complain  to  that 
Damned  Scoundrel  your  Governor.  God  Damn  your  Governour 
Laws,  King,  Council  &  Assembly.  That  said  Allen  &  Baker 
repeated  said  horrible  Curses.  That  when  the  Deponent  reproved 
them  for  it  the  said  Allen  said  G — d  Damn  your  Soul,  are  yon 
going  to  preach  to  us — and  further  said  That  if  ever  any  Consta- 
ble attempted  to  arrest  them  they  would  kill  them  That  if  ever 
any  of  them  were  put  in  Albany  Goal  they  would  break  it  down 
&  rescue  him.  That  then  the  Deponent  fled  to  New  Perth  where 
he  now  resides  with  his  family.  • 

That  the  Deponent  is  credibly  informed  they  often  boast  they 
can  on  short  warning  raise  many  lOOs  New  Hampshire  men  to 
prevent  any  Soldiers  or  others  Settling  on  these  lands  &  curse 
the  regular  troops — That  said  Rioters  have  also  burnt  down  the 
house  of  one  John  Beid  that  same  day,  that  S  or  9  more  familjs 
were  driven  off  their  lands  in  the  Deponents  vicinity  lately 
grant'd  to  them  by  N.  York  Government  according  to  His  Majes- 
tys  Instructions.  That  said  Expell'd  people  were  all  living  in 
&  about  New  Perth  &  suffer'd  greatly  by  said  Expulsion  of  said 
New  Hampshire  men  who  now  claim  said  lands  that  the  Deponent 
is  also  credibly  Inform'd  said  Allen  Denys  the  Being  of  a  God  & 
Denys  that  that  there  is  any  Infernal  Spirit  existing,  &  fUrther 
Saitii  not. 
./«v^  Sic  Subscribitur    Charli:s  Hdtcheson. 


'.  ■;  V.' 


These  are  Therefore  in  His  Majestys  name  Commanding  yon 
John  Keid  Constable  in  said  County  forthwith  to  Call  a  Compe- 
tent Number  of  Her  Majestys  gootl  Subjects  in  your  vicinity  to 
Arms  &.go  to  the  place  called  Rupert  were  it  is  said  these  Riot- 
ers reside  &  by  all  due  means  aprehend  the  said  Baker,  Allen, 
Sevil  &  Rob*  Cochran  wilh  their  said  Accomplices  &  them  bring 


MEW  HAMPSHIRS  G&ANT». 


747 


fferabnrnfSacri- 
ogs  of  that  house 
P  the  house  Said 
nents  head  ready 
,  not  say  one  word 
Id  be  barbarously 
&  Baker  Insolent- 
;  complain  to  that 
a  your  Governour, 
d  Allen  &  Baker 
Deponent  reproved 
your  Soul,  are  yon 
f  ever  any  Consta- 
them  That  if  ever 
3uld  break  it  down 

I  New  Perth  where 

• 

By  often  boast  they 
Hampshire  men  to 
kese  lands  &  curse 
ISO  burnt  down  the 
or  9  more  familys 
ents  vicinity  lately 
irding  to  His  Majes- 
were  all  living  in 
Expulsion  of  said 
s  that  the  Deponent 
e  Being  of  a  God  & 
existing,  &  ftirther 

RLM  HOTCHESON. 

Commanding  you 
th  to  Call  a  Compe- 
in  your  vicinity  to 
it  is  said  these  Riot- 
said  Baker,  Allen, 
iplices  &  them  bring 


forthwith  before  me  or  some  other  of  His  Majesty's  Justices  of 
the  Peace  in  &  for  sfUd  County  to  be  Dealt  with  according  as  the 
Law  Directs.  Given  under  my  hand  &  seal  at  New  Perth  the 
12tt»dflyof  N«V'1771. 

Sic  Sabscribitur    Alex  :  McNaughton. 


-X^y- 


ESQR  MCNACHTON  TO  COL.  FANNING. 


;o5) 


'  >-«.'&..  r>i 


Sir 

Esq"  Monro  &  Skeen  being  indisposed  &  living  at  a  great 
distant  the  Expell'd  people  sent  me  word  &  I  met  them  at  D' 
Clarks  house  in  New  Perth  this  day,  Issued  warrants  to  appre- 
hend the  New  Hampshire  rioters  &  traifors  but  their  number  & 
Situation  in  the  moimtains  in  such  that  I  am  of  Opinion  no 
Sheriff  or  coiiStable  will  aprehend  them  That  it  will  be  highly 
necessary  for  His  Majestys  Peace  &  the  relief  of  these  distrest 
highlanders  who  fought  valiently  thro'  the  last  campaign  that 
His  Excellency  in  Council  Issue  His  Proclamation  offering  a 
reward  tbr  apprehending  those  abominable  wretches  That  then 
some  person  of  their  own  sort  will  artfully  betray  them  This  I 
only  SUgest  in  all  humility  but  on  the  very  Eve  of  a  long  hard 
wmter  it  is  very  Schocking  to  see  so  many  poor  familys  reduced 
to  so  great  Distress  and  if  they  had  not  been  hospitably  enter- 
tained by  the  Rev'd  M'  Clark  &  his  people  their  Straits  must 
have  been  exceeding  great.  An  attempt  will  be  made  in  a  few 
to  arrest  them  &  shall  then  advise  you  of  the  event  am  Sir 

Your  most  Humble  Servant 


New  Perth  Nov'  12th  1771. 
To  Col:  Fanning  Secretary 


Alexander  Mc  Nachtoit. 


■.•■'h:+ii 


[1 


Vv 


\'' I     -fie  I 


748 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


■I:-*' 


.1 , 


>;.   ' , 


i't)'  fiW, 


'.    1 


mn>: 


*  -4  4       JF-  t 


^ilf «» jKinii/it^wj      MINUTES  OF  COUNCIL       -^  i^i  .^^  i*f  ^,h 

RELATIVE  TO  THE  GOVERNOR  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE'S  LETTER  TOUCHING 
THE  RIOTOUS  BEHAVIOUR  OF  THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTEES. 

[Couno.  Min.  XXVI.] 

In  Council  November  13*  1771. 

His  Excellency  was  pleased  to  communicate  a  Letter  of  the 
igthf.  day  of  October  last,  from  Benning  Wenthworth  Esq' 
Governor  of  the  province  of  New  Hampshire,  in  Answer  to  a 
Letter  from  his  Excellency  the  Governor  of  this  province 
complaining  of  an  Exparte  Survey  of  the  River  Connecticut 
lately  made  by  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  also  informing 
Governor  Wentworth  of  the  Riotous  Behaviour  of  Persons  within 
this  province  claiming  Lands  under  Grants  of  New  Hampshire 
and  that  the  Riotous  Spirit  of  those  people  seems  to  be  greatly 
owing  to  the  assurances  they  pretend  to  have  received  from 
Governor  Wentwortk  that  the  Line  will  be  altered  so  as  to  include 
the  said  claimants  within  the  Jurisdiction  of  his  Government— 
in  which  Letter  Governor  Wentworth  utterly  disclaims  any  such 
or  the  like  Assurances,  and  declares  that  be  had  invariably 
recommended  implicit  obedience  to  the  Laws,  and  upon  all 
occasions  positively  disavowed  any  connections  with  those  people, 
and  observes  that  he  thought  it  unnecessary  to  consult  this 
Government  previous  to  the  late  Survey  of  Connecticut  River, 
as  that  River  is  comprehended  within  the  Limits  of  his  own 
Government. 

The  Board  taking  into  Consideration  the  dangerous  Tendency 
of  the  Disturbances  at  present  prevailing  in  that  part  of  the 
Country,  and  that  Governor  Wentworth  had  not  thought  proper 
by  t)ub]ic  act  of  his  Government  to  disavow  the  assurances,  the 
Rioters  pretend  to  have  received  from  him,  humbly  advised  his 
Excellency,  and  it  is  accordingly  ordered  by  his  Excellency  the 
Governor  with  the  Advice  o*'  the  Council,  that  a  proclamation 
be  prepared  notifying  the  declaration  of  Governor  Wentworth 
on  this  subject  contained  in  his  Letter  above  mentioned— Stating 
the  claim  of  this  Province  to  the  Lands  Westward  of  Connecticut 
River — Strictly  injoining  the  Inhabitants  of  those  Lands  to  yield 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


749 


Obedience  to  the  Laws  within  this  Government :  And  derecting 
the  Magistrates  and  other  Civil  Officers  to  be  vigilant  in  their 
Duty  and  attentive  to  the  Preservation  of  the  public  Peace  j  and 
to  transmit  the  Names  of  all  offenders  herein,  that  such  measures 
may  be  taken  for  their  punishment,  as  the  Nature  of  their  Crimes 
shall  require — ^And  that  the  Draft  of  such  proclamation  when 
prepared  be  laid  before  his  Excellency  for  the  approbation  of  this 
Board.  :'/>i(^>utt)l5)rt .  .     ->    '',*., 


ORDER  IN  COUNCIL  FOR  THE  ARREST  OF  ETHAN  ALLEN 
AND  OTHER  RIOTERS. 

[Counc.  Min.  XXVI.  ] 

In  Council  November  27">  1771. 
His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  from 
Alexander  McNaghten  Esquire,  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of 
the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Albany,  advising  that  he  had  in 
pursuance  of  his  Excellency's  Directions  by  the  Advice  of  the 
Board  of  the  21*'  August  last,  inquired  into  the  Riotous  Conduct 
of  the  persons  who  had  forcibly  dispossessed  Donald  Mclntire 
and  others  seated  on  Lands  Eastward  of  Hudson's  River  under 
Grants  of  this  province,  and  had  issued  a  Warrant  for  appre- 
hending Robert  Cockran  and  three  other  persons,  known  by  the 
Sirnames  of  Allen,  Baker  and  Sevil,  charged  with  pulling  down 
and  burning  the  House  of  Charles  Hutchegon,  and  with  burning 
the  House  of  John  Reid  :  But  that  he  apprehended  the  Number 
of  the  New  Hampshire  Rioters  and  their  situation  in  the  Moun- 
tains was  such,  that  no  Sherif  or  Constable  would  apprehend 
them  and  that  it  would  be  highly  necessary  for  the  public  peace 
and  the  Relief  of  the  sufferers  to  offer  a  Reward  for  appreliend- 
ing  th«  oflfenders — ^Wliereupon  it  is  ordered  by  his  Excellency 
the  Governor  with  the  advice  of  the  Council,  that  a  proclama- 
tion issue  for  apprehending  the  said  Cochiyn,  Allen,  Baker  and 
Sevil,  and  the  other  Five  persons  charged  with  the  Felony  and 
the  Riots  lately  committed  by  them,  and  offering  of  Twenty 


J 

(.    i.| 


i 


i:    ' 
I  ■■ 


ii.\ 


ul 


m 


7S» 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


pounds  to  be  paid  to  the  Persons  who  shall  apprehend  and 
secure  each  and  either  qf  the  said  offenders,  that  tliey  may  be 
proceeded  against  as  the  Law  directs. 

[Here  follows  the  Proclamation  above  directed,  dated  9th  Dec'r  1771,  which 
is  omitted  as  its  substance  is  embodied  in  the  preceding  Order.-— En.] 


y?:i: 


h' 


^■"^^  5^. 


^% ,    >) 


••  ' 


■-        '•  'tl      'l 


1  '^ 


PROCLAMATION 


■f  i^i4<i 


REITERATING  THE  RIGHT  OF  NEW   YORK  TO  THE  TERRITORY  IN 

DISPUTE. 


By  his  Excellency  William  Tryon 
Esquire  Captain  General  and  Governor 
in  Chief  in  and  over  the  Province  of 
New  York  and  Territories  -depending 
thereon  in  America,  Chancellor  and 
Vice  Admiral  of  the  Same, 


A  PROCLAMATION 

Whereas  it  is  the  ancient  and  lucontestible  Right  of  this 
Colony  to  extend  to  Connecticut  River  as  its  Eastern  Boundary- 
and  sundry  loose  and  disorderly  Persons  pretending  a  Claim 
under  New  Hampshire  to  Lands  far  Westward  of  the  said 
River,  and  even  within  seventeen  miles  of  Hudsons  Biver 
daily  commit  Acts  of  Violence;  openly  bid  Defiance  to  the 
Authority   of  this   Government  by  opposing  the  Execution 
of  every  legal  Process;  and  have  lately  burnt  several  Dwelling 
Houses,  and  by  Force  dispossessed  divers  Person  seated  under 
Titles  derived  from  this  Colony;  which  riolous  spirit  is  stimula- 
ted and  upheld  by  artful  and  wicked  Men,  who  endeavor  to 
delude  the  Ignorant  and  unwary  into  a  Belief  that  a  twenty 
mile  Liup  from  Hudsous  River,  is  the  Boundary  between  this 
Province  and  New  Hampshire,  and  that,  its  Jurisdiction  will  be 
fix'd  and  ascertained  accordingly  by  his  Majesty's  Authority, 
agreable  to  tlie  assurances  they  pretend  to  liave  received  from 
the  Governor  of  Ne^  Hampshire;  altho'  by  a  Letter  to  me  of 
the  19*h  day  of  October  last  his  Excellency  the  Governor  of 
that  Province  utterly  disclaims  any  such  or  the  like  Assurances, 


'^r , 


E  TERRITORY  IN 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


751 


and  declares  "  that  lie  had  invariably  recommended  implicit 
Obedience  to  the  Laws,  and  upon  all  occasions  positively  disa- 
vowed, any  Connection  with  those  People.    And  Whereas  it  is 
become  highly  necessary  that  tliis  Government  should  pursue 
the  most  vigorous  Measures  to  suppress  that  daring  and  licen- 
tious Spirit,  which   has  given  so  much  Disturbance  to  the 
public  Peace,  and.  Interruption  to  the  Course  of  Justice:  In 
order  therefore  to  undeceive  such  deluded  Persons,  and  to  bring 
them  to  a  sense  of  the  Duty  and  Submission  they  owe  to  this 
Government;  and  that  none  may  pretend  Ignorance  of  the  just 
Title  of  this  Provinde  to  the  Lands  in  Question  j  I  have  thought 
fit  with  the  Advice  of  his  Majesty's  Council  to  issue  this  Procla- 
mation, hereby  publickly  notifying,  That  King  Charles  the 
Second  by  his  several  Letters  Patent  bearing  Date  the  12**' 
day  of  March  166314  and  the  29^^  day  of  June  1674,  did  Give 
and  Grant  in  Fee  unto  his  Brother  James  Duke  of  York  the 
River  called  Hudson's  River,  and  "^W  f\e  Lhnd  from  the  West 
Side  of  Connecticut  River  io  the  East  Side  of  Delaware  Bay  " — ^That 
until  the  year  1741,  the  Limits  of  the  Province  of  New  Hamp- 
shire were  confined  to  the  Territory  granted  to  Mason  and  Gorges, 
which  extending  only  Sixty  Miles  from  the  Sea  Coast,  did  not 
approach  Connecticut  River  within  a  considerable  Distance — That 
in  the  year  1741  the  Crown  by  the  Royal  Commission  to  the  late 
Governor  of  that  Province,  first  extended  its  Limits  but  without 
contracting  the  Bounds  of  the  other  Colonies,  it  being  expressly 
declared  in  the  said  Commission,  that  New  Hampshire  shall 
extend  Westward  and  Northward  until  it  meets  with  his  Majesty's 
other  Governments — That  the  Controversy  between  the  two  Pro- 
vinces touching  their  respective  Limits,  first  commenced  in  the 
year  1749,  when  the  late  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  by  Letter 
of  the  17'h  day  of  November,  signified  to  the  then  Governour  of 
this  Province,  that  he  had  it  in  command  from  his  Majesty  to 
make  Grants  of  the  unimproved  Lands  in  New  Hampshire;  and 
desired  Information  how  far  North  of  .Mbany  this  Province 
extended,  and  how  manny  Miles  to  tlie  Eastward  of  Hudson's 
River,  Northward  of  the  Massachusetts  Line;  tliat  he   might 
govern  himself  accordingly — In  answer  to  which  Request,  this 
Government  by  Letter  of  the  9t»>  day  of  Aprill  1750,  asserted  that 


'  < 


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CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


.,'>    1 


w^ii. 


M^     ♦ 


this  Province  is  bounded  Eastward  by  Connecticut  River  the 
before  mentioned  Lettejs  Patent  from  King  Charles  the  Second 
to  the  Duke  of  Yorlc,  expressly  granting  all  the  Lands  from  the 
West  Side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  Side  of  Delaware 
Bay — That  had  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  adverted  to 
an  obvious* Distinction  between  their  own  Claim  and  that  of  the 
Massachusetts  Bay  and  Connecticut  Colonies,  it  must  have  re- 
moved every  objection;  for,  however  exceptionable  in  other 
Respects,  the  Titles  of  the  two  latter  Government's  are  founded  on 
Charters  prior  to  the  Establishment  of  New  York,  but  the  Royal 
Commission  which  first  connected  the  Bounds  of  New  Hampshire 
with  the  Limits  of  this  Province,  is  so  recent  as  the  year  1741; 
and  priority  of  Title,  the  only  argument  which  could  be  urged  by 
Massachusetts  Bay  or  Connecticut,  is  with  Regard  to  New  Hamp- 
shire in  Favour  of  this  Province — The  late  Governour  Wentworth 
nevertheless  in  answer  to  the  Information  so  given  him  of  the 
unquestionable  Right  of  this  Colony  to  extend  to  Connecticut 
River,  by  his  Letter  of  the  25*'»  Day  of  April  1750,  declared  that 
the  claim  of  New  York  to  Connecticut  River  as  its  Eastern  Boun- 
dary, would  have  been  intirely  satisfactory,  had  not  the  two  Char- 
ter Governments  of  MassachusetsBa^and  Connecticut,  extended 
their  Bounds  many  Miles  Westward  of  Connecticut  River ;  and 
that  it  being  the  opinion  of  his  Majesty's  Council  of  that  Province, 
that  New  Hampshire  had  an  equal  Right  to  claim  the  same  Extent 
of  Western  Boundary  with  those  Charter  Governments,  he  had 
before  the  preceeding  Letter  came  to  his  Hands,  granted  one 
Township,  due  North  of  the  Massachusets  Line,  and  by  Measure- 
ment twenty  four  Miles  East  of  the  City  of  Albany— That  the 
Governor  of  this  Province  by  Letter  of  the  C^h  Day  of  June 
1750,  expressed  his  Surprize  at  such  a  Procedure,  and  insisted 
if  it  was  Still  in  his  (Governor  Wentworth's)  Power  to  recal  the 
Grant  he  had  made  of  the  said  Township,  his  doing  So  would  be 
but  an  Act  of  Justice  to  this  ^  jvernment ;  and  that  otherwise  he 
should  think  himself  obliged  to  send  a  Representation  of  the 
Matter  to  be  laid  before  his  Majesty ;  That  as  to  Connecticut, 
their  Claim  was  founded  on  an  amicable  agreement  with  this 
Colony  in  1683,  afterwards  confirmed  by  King  William:  And 
that  with  respect  to  the  Massachusets  Bay,  they  had  possessed 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


753 


themselves  of  the  Lands  Westward  of  Connecticut  River  by 
Intrusion — That  the  said  late  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  by 
letter  of  the  22<«  day  of  June  1750,  declared  the  Council  of  tliat 
Province  were  unanimously  of  the  opinion  not  to  commence  a 
Dispute  with  this  Government  respecting  the  Western  Extent  of 
New  Hampshire,  until  his  Majesty's  Pleasure  should  bo  further 
known  ;  and  accordingly  had  advised  tliat  he  should  on  the  Part 
yf  New  Hampshire,  make  a  Representation  of  the  Matter  to  liis 
Majesty ;  relying  that  the  Governor  of  this  Province  would  do 
the  Same  on  the  Part  of  New  York,  and  that  whatever  Should  be 
determined  thereon,  that  Government  would  esteem  their  Duty 
to  acquiese  in  without  any  further  Dispute— That  there  was  no 
Possibility  of  vacating  tl\e  Grant  he  had  made,  but  that  if  it  should 
fall  by  his  Majesty's  Determination  within  the  Government  of 
New  York  it  would  be  void  of  course  That  tliis  Province  accepted 
of  the  proposal  contained  in  the  last  mentioned  Letter,  adding 
that  it  would  be  for  the  mutual  advantage  of  both  Provinces, 
to  exchange  copies  of  each  otliers  Representation ;  to  which 
the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  consented,  promising  to 
transmit  an  authentick  copy  of  theirs  when  perfected  Tliat  the 
late  Governor  of  that  Colony,  did  notwithstanding  State  and 
transmit  the  claim  of  New  Hampshire  to  his  Majestys  Ministers, 
by  Letter  dated  the  23^  day  of  March  1 750 11,  without  previously 
communicating  a  Copy  thereof  to  this  Government ;  the  first 
Intimation  of  which  Transaction  was  had  from  their  own  agent 
in  Great  Britain — That  the  Representation  containing  a  State  of 
the  claim  of  New  York  was  forwarded  to  the  proper  ofiice  about 
the  close  of  the  year  1751;  and  Incroachments  having  been 
made  by  the  Inhabitants  of  New  Hampshire  on  the  Lands  and 
Possessions  of  his  Majesty's  Subjects  of  New  York,  this  Govern- 
ment on  the  28*'>  day  of  July  1753  issued  a  Proclamation  for 
apprehending  all  Persons  who  should  thereafter  under  Colour 
of  Title  from  New  Hampshire,  take  Possession  of  Lands  granted 
by  this  Province — That  after  this  Period  the  Matter  rested,  the 
Incursions  of  the  Indians  immediately  preceeding  the  late  War, 
obstructing  all  new  Settlements,  and  tlie  Government  of  New 
York  confiding,  that  New  Hampshire  after  what  had  passed, 
would  not  venture  to  make  any  further  Grants  of  the  Lands  in 
Vol.  IV.  48 


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CONTROVKBST  RESPECTING  THE 


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'?! 


Contest,  until  his  Majesty  should  be  pleased  to  determine  the 
Limits  between  his  two  Provinces,  as  every  such  Grunt  could  be 
considered  in  no  other  Light  than  as  a  mere  Nullity— But  the 
Government  of  New  Hampshire  totally  disregarding  the  sulema 
appeal  to  his  Majesty  by  both  Provinces,  witliout  waiting  for 
the  Royal  Decision,  issued  Grants  for  many  Townships  West- 
ward of  the  River  Connecticut,  some  of  which  are  within  about 
seventeen  Miles  of  Hudson^s  River,  and  others  on  the  Banks  of 
Wood  Creek  and  Lake  Champlain,  altho'  it  is  notorious  that  the 
whole  country  on  the  Borders  of  Massachusets  Bay,  and  partly 
on  the  late  claim  of  New  Hampshire,  was  very  anciently  and 
long  before  the  latter  Government  extended  even  to  Connecticut 
River,  granted  under  the  great  Seal  of  this  Province,  24, 28 
and  even  30  Miles  to  the  Eastward  of  Hudson's  River— That 
apprized  of  these  Proceedings  on  the  Part  of  New  Hampshire 
The  Government  of  New  York  on  the  28*'»  Day  of  December 
1763,  issued  a  Proclamation  stating  the  Claim  of  both  Provinces 
to  the  contested  Lands;  asserting  the  ancient  Jurisdiction  of 
this  Colony  Eastward  to  Connecticut  River,  and  warning  all 
Persons  against  setling  such  Lands  under  Title  derived  from 
New  Hampshire — And  that  finally  to  put  an  End  to  this  Con- 
troversy, his  Majesty  was  pleased  by  his  Royal  order  bearing 
Date  the  20t*>  Day  of  July  1764,  with  the  advice  of  his  privy 
Council,  to  declare  the  Western  Banks  of  the  River  Connecticut 
from  where  it  enters  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  as  far 
North  as  the  forty  fifth  Degree  of  Northern  Latitude,  tlie  Boun- 
dary Line  between  the  said  two  Provinces  of  New  York  and  New 
Hampshire  And  that  the  said  Royal  order  was  publickly  notified 
by  proclamation  of  this  Government  enjoining  a  due  obedience 
thereto  on  the  Part  of  this  Colony — From  all  which  is  Manifest 
that  no  reasonable  or  well  grounded  objection  can  be  assip;ned 
against  the  Title  of  this  Province,  so  ancient  and  clear  in  itself, 
and  so  fully  established  by  his  Majesty's  Royal  Adjudication  and 
Authorityj  and  that  those  who  presume  to  disturb  the  public 
Peace  on  pretence  of  a  prior  Right  to  Lands  Westward  of  Con- 
necticut River,  under  the  groundless  Claim  of  the  Government 
of  New  Hampshire,  are  altogether  inexcusable,  and  will  justly 
draw  on  themselves  the  Severest  Punishment — I  do  therefore 


KEW   lUMPSHIRC   GRANTS. 


766 


Iicreby  In  his  Majesty's  Name  enjoin  require  and  command  all 
Persons  residing  on  any  of  tlie  Lands  witliin  tliis  Colony  hereto-. 
fore  claimed  bj^  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  to  yield  the 
Strictest  Obedience  to  the  Laws,  and  to  demean  themselves  as 
good  and  faithful  subjects  within  tliis  Government,  as  they  will 
answer  the  contrary  at  tlieir  Peril:  And  I  do  also  hereby  require 
all  Judges,  Justices,  Sherifs  and  other  Civil  Officers  to  be  vigilant 
in  their  Duty,  and  attentive  to  the  preservation  of  the  public 
Peace;  and  to  transmit  to  me  the  Names  of  all  Persons  who  shall 
for  the  future  be  found  exciting  any  Riot,  under  whatever  pre- 
tence, or  perpetrating  any  act  tending  to  a  Breach  of  the  Peace, 
or  the  Disturbance  of  Government,  with  a  particular  Informa- 
tion of  the  circumstances  attending  the  same,  that  such  measures 
maybe  taken  for  the  Punishment  of  the  Offenders  as  the  Nature 
of  their  Crinii  s  shall  require. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms  at  Fort  George  in 
the  City  of  New  York  the  eleventh  Day  of  December  1771  in 
the  twelfth  year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord  George  the 
third  by  the  Grace  of  God  of  Great  Britain  France  and  Ireland 
King  Defender  of  the  Faith  and  so  forth. 

By  His  Excellency's  Command.  , 

Gw.  Banyar  D  Secry 

God  Save  the  King. 


W«  Tryon. 


4  ,(.. 


.11 


-■yj" 


vii.'.i''v.v::{  '-in. 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


!f 


Sir 


New  Hampshire  8*^  Jany  1772. 


By  the  inclos'd  Copy,  from  y®  Journal  of  his  Majesty's  Coun- 
cil for  this  Province  upon  communicating  to  them  your  Excellen- 
cy's Letters  to  me  dated  Fort  George  N:  York  Oct.  2<i  1771  and 
W  Dec'  1771  together  with  your  Proclamation  inclos'd  in  the 
letter,  and  my  answer  to  the  first  Letter ;  It  will  appear  that  I 
cannot  issue  any  public  Act  relative  to  those  violences  recited 
la  .yoiir  Excellency's  Letters  &  Proclamation  as  done  in  the 
Province  of  New  York  unless  in  possitive  contrariety  to  their 
express  advice,  officially  required,  and  given  me  upon  this  occa- 


T^ 


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slon  :  notwlthstantU.  I  must  herein  W  it'iytd  llic  satisfcc- 
tion  of  Executing  yonr  Excellency's  request  in  these  mat- 
ters, it  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  hear  thatjiiere  liath  not 
been  tuiy  Disturbances  on  the  Banks  of  the  Connecticut  Ulver 
where  the  Inhabitants  of  New  Yoik  have  daily  Intercourse  with 
tliose  of  this  Government ;  but  on  the  contrary,  That  the  reported 
Evils  are  confln'd  to  a  small  District  remote  from  our  boun- 
dary Lino,  &  more  immediately  connected  with  Hudson's  River 
&  tlie  Colony's  of  Connecticut  &  Massa-bay,  from  whence  tiiey 
originally  migrated. 

It  is  Iseyond  a  doubt  that  violence  &  illegal  Opposition  to 
Government  is  tlie  aversion  of  this  province  from  their  exem- 
plary Conduct,  especially  for  five  years  past.  Ev'ry  contrary 
assurance  or  pretence  must  be  groundless  &  proceed  from  artful 
wicked  men,  injurious  lo  the  Interest  &  diametrically  opposite 
to  the  public  &,  private  opinion  and  Desire  of  this  Province. 

I  am  extremely  obliged,  &  will  embrace  the  first  Opportx, 

that  the  public  Service  will  permit,  to  avail  myself  of  the  honor 

your  Excellency  does  me  in  an  Invitation  to  New  York ;  k 

shall  receive  very  great  satisfaction  if  at  any  time  I  may  have 

the  pleasure  of  your  company  at  Portsmouth  •  being  with  the 

greatest  Truth  &  regard.    Sir 

Your  Excellency's  most  obedient  humble  Servant 

J.  Wentwokth. 
His  Excellency  Governor  Tryon. 


&*?> 


,..,       MINUTE  OF  THE  N.  H.  COUNCIL. 

Province  of  New  Hampshire 

At  a  Council  held  at  Portsmouth,  by  his  Excellency's  Sum- 
mons on  Thursday  the  8*''  day  of  January  1772. 

Present 
His  Excellency  John  Wentworth  Esq'  Governor  &c. 


Theodore  Atkinson 
Daniel  Warner 
Peter  Levins  >  Esq'» 

Jonathan  Warner     V    f«ti3^ 
Daniel  Rindge  /  r^)?^ 


Daniel  Peirce 
George  Jeffrey 
Daniel  Rogers 
Peter  Gilnian 
Tho"  West'*''  Waldron 


Ai   KEW   HAMPSHIRE  ORAMT8.  o 


767 


His  Excellency  the  Governour  having  laid  before  the  Council 
for  their  advice,  Two  Letters  from  his  Excellcy  Governor  Tryon 
of  New  York  dated  Octob'  1771,  and  Decemb'  23«'  1771,  the 
latter  inclosing  a  proclamation^also  Copy  of  his  Eicellenoy'g 
^swer  to  the  first  Letter. 

The  premises  being  read,  It  is  consider'd  That  by  His  Majesty's 
Order  in  Council  20t>>  July  17G4  tlie  Western  Bank  of  Connecti- 
cut River  was  then  commanded  to  be  the  West  Bounds  of  this 
Province  and  that  this  Government  has  been  &  is  intirely  obe- 
dient thereto ;  Therefore  tlie  said  proclamation,  relating  wholly 
to  matters  and  Things  without  the  Boundaries  of  this  Province ; 
it  is  advised  that  the  publication  thereof,  by  authority  of  this 
Province  would  be  Extra-Provincial,  therefore  in  our  opinion 
improper,  and  that  his  Excellency  is  further  advised  not  to 
Issue  any  Proclamation  relating  to  the  Premises. 

Secondly.  That  it  is  not  expedient  for  this  Government  in  any 
wise  to  interfere  with  or  concern  in  running  the  Lines  between  his 
Majesty's  Provinces  of  New  York  and  Canada,  which  (by  his 
Excell^y  Gov'  Tryon's  Letter  of  23r<J  Dec  1771)  is  already 
began  by  Commissioner  appointed  for  that  Service  agreeable  to 
his  Majesty's  Instructions,  ''  wherein  it  does  not  appear  that  this 
Provinces  is  refer'd  to  or  mentioned." 

A  True  Copy  from  the  Minutes  of  Council 

Attest"^  Geo  :  King  Depy  Seer. 


c; 


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^ 


^«  f.-<. 


i  1. 1 


JUDGE  LORD  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


Excellency's  Sum- 


Putney  January  29.  A.  D.  1772. 

To  his  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esq'  Capt"  General 
Governor  &  Comander  in  chief  in    &  over  his 
majesies  Province  of  New  York  in  America  &«  &« 
Joseph  Lord  Esq""  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Court 
cmwiandComyOfOomon  Pleas  for  the  County  of  Cumberland,  Beg's 
leave  at  this  time  (The  other  Two  Judges  being 
absent)  to  Represent. 


Province  of 
New  York 


'»Y 


];  Jil 


lf> 


lit'.  I'r  ■ 


re 


^•'  -i .  > 


'./tt* 


t'   ,      J        „., 


768 


OONTROTSRSY   RESPECTING   THE 


That  a  Great  Riot  composed  of  Seventy  or  Eighty  Persons  on 
the  Twenty  Seventh  Day  of  this  InstaAt  January  hapened  at 
Putney  the  town  of  his  Residence  Consisting  of  People  from  the 

side  of  New  Hampshire.    The  Facts  are  as  Followeth 

One  Jonas  Moor  of  this  Township  in  the  Inferiour  Court  of 

Comon  Pleas  at  June  Term  last  past  Recovered 
K  m~"*      Judgment  against  one  Leonard  Spalding  also  of  this 

Township  for  about  Forty  Pounds  including  costs— 
a  Fieri  Facias  having  issued  to  Satisfie  the  Judgment,  on  the 
goods  and  Chattels  of  said  Spaulding,  The  Sherif  by  his  Deputy 
Seized  some  Cattel  &  Goods  of  said  Spaulding  to  Satisfie  the  Same 
which  he  committed  into  the  hands  of  said  Moor  to  keep  in  his 
Dwelling  house  untill  the  Day  by  the  Sherif  appointed  for  the 
Sale  of  them.  But  before  that  Day  viz*  the  Evening  of  the 
Twenty  Seventh  Instant  a  Partie  from  New  Hampshire  Side  of 
the  River  to  the  number  of  Seveaty  or  Eighty  came  to  the  house 
where  the  goods  were  Deposited,  and  broke  open  the  Door,  took 
the  goods  &  carried  them  away,  after  insulting  in  various  wajs 
said  Moors  Family  &«=.  i  have  taken  some  Depositions,  relating 
to  this  matter,  as  many  I  could,  in  so  Short  a  time  as  I  could 
have  before  M'  Grout  sets  out  on  his  journey  to  New  York,  by 
whom  I  send  this  Letter,  &  transmitt  the  Depositions  taken  in 
this  affair. 
I  have  farther  to  represent  to  your  Excellency — That  I  being 

now  arrived  to  the  Sixty  Eiglith  year  of  my  a^e 
R^'ip^m^foao? hia  &  attended  with  the  infirmities  common  to advancd 
j*uceo"fulfpLc  years,  such  as  great  Deafness,  Loss  of  Memory 

dimness  of  Sight,  and  at  times  a  paralitic  tremor  in 
ray  hands  &°  which  disqualifie  me  for  full,  free  &  Perfect 
Discharge  of  the  Ofl&ces  of  Second  Judge  of  the  Inferiour  Court 
of  Comon  Pleas,  &  Justice  of  the  Peace,  which  I  have  sustained 
in  the  County  for  several  years  last  past,  and  having  a  desire  to 
retire  from  Publick  business,  and  spend  the  remainder  of  my 
Days,  in  a  calm  retirement  therefrom,  &  concern  myself  in 
nothing  else,  but  doing  good  to  my  numerous  family  &  Neighbours, 
&  Praying  for  the  KING,  your  Excellency,  &  all  other  the  King's 
Officers,  &  Prepare  for  a  Glorious  Immortality  Therefore 
Humbly  entreat  your  Excellency  to  appoint  some  other  Person 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


759 


r„oinM  Chandler  to  Said  Officcs  in  my  room  &  sted—And  I  beg  leave 
t^^mied.  to  Recommend  Thomas  Chandler  jiinf  Esq'  as  the 
best  qualified,  &  who  will  be,  as  I  apprehend,  as 
well  accepted  in  that  Seat  on  the  Bench,  as  any  person  in  the 
County,  that  I  have  acquaintance  with  or  knowledge  of. 

I  have  yet  to  crave  your  Excellency's  Patience  &  Leave  to 
Recommend  to  your  Excellencys  Favour  M'  John 
Zc^SIm  to  Grout  attorney  at  Law,  who  hath  Suffered  much  by 
Favour  persous  Eucmical  to  this  Government,  &  to  him  on 

account  of  his  firm  attachment  to  it,  &  endeavours  to  maintain 
good  Order  &  Justice  therein. — Truth  itself  Obliges  me  to  say, 
That  his  Practice  as  an  attorney  in  this  County,  has  always 
Entitled  him  to  the  good  opinion  of  the  Court  &  the  best  Gentle- 
men in  the  County  as  I  apprehend,  altho  Riotous  persons  & 
parties,  Friends  to  New  Hampshire,  &  enemies  to  good  Order 
have  given  him  much  Trouble,  which  he  has  born  with  great 
magnenimity,  &  Strove  in  a  Legal  and  Dispassionate  way  to  over 
come.  Your  Excellency  being  perfe'^tly  Humane  will  Delight  in 
Protecting  him. 

And  now  Hoping  the  Tumults  &  Confusions  in  this  County 
made  by  the  People  of  New  Hampshire  are  nigh  coming  to  an 
End  by  your  wise  administration  which  will  much  Rejoyce  him, 
who  with  Profound  Resnect,  ask's  leave  to  subscribe  himself, 
Your  Excellency's  Devoted 

Obeuient  and  most  Humble  Serv* 
M' Tryon       '    •'  Joseph  Lord. 

(Endorsed)  Read  in  Council  Feby.  28*''  1772.        .,  i; ,  . 


<■/-■ 


I'i   ". 


T-y?'?, 


i.    M,r., 


•  JUDGE  CHANDLER  TO  GOV.  TRYON 


:  f  ;-*/ 


May  it  please  your  Excellency 

I  have  to  acquaint  you  with  a  Rietous  pffair  that  happened  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland  on  the  27*»»  Day  of  January  Last, 
vizt  a  Number  of  Persons  from  the  Province  of  New  Hamp- 
shire to  the  Number  of  about  70  or  80  assembled  themselves 
together  came  into  Putney  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  went 


!      i    6 


J.,. 


lii.tjf    ^     ♦  1.  '  j^'i     *» 

■  «''  * '    "I 

I"  t  4  .     M 


If 


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'i 


s  '    ■ 

i' 

l'<  '■- 

TSO 


coNriiovEasY  RC^PEcnNG  the 


to  a  Tiotise  took  awaj'  a  parcel  ot  good*  that  was  deposited  in  a 
house  by  an  officer,  Carryed  them  av;ay  over  Coiinecticutt  River 
into  Hampshire,  and  Threatned  to  Do  many  other  Felonious 
actions,  viz*  to  go  to  Chester  Pull  Down  y«  Jail,  and  Deliver 
some  Prisoners  out  of  Jail,  a  true  Representation  whereof  will 
be  communicated  to  your  Excellency  by  Joseph  Lord  Esq'  one 
of  the  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  Common  pleas  for  ye 
County  of  Cumberland,  so  that  if  the  Jail  had  been  in  any  one 
of  the  River  Towns  (so  called)  as  prayed  lor  by  some  the  Jail 
had  by  said  (mad)  Rietors  been  ptilled  Down,  your  Excellency 
will  therefore  see  that,  it  will  on  this  account  be  best  to  con- 
tinue the  Jail  and  Courts  in  ye  center  of  the  County  if  no  other 
Reasons  were  given  but  to  prevent  such  sudden  mischiefs  beine 
perpetrated  as  may  be  done  on  a  suddin  heat  of  Passion. 

I  understand  may  it  please  your  Excellency  that  the  said 
Lord  is  a]>out  to  make  a  Resignution  of  his  office  as  Jud<^e  y 
but  as  there  is  no  person  in  the  County  that  will  fill  up  the 
vacancy  so  well,  I  beg  your  Excellency  to  Continue  him  iu 
Office  in  the  Next  Commission  that  comes  out. 

As  to  the  Nomination  of  ye  Civil  authority  for  ye  County  of 
Cumberland,  that  I  Delivered  to  your  Excellency,  there  is  Two 
persons  mentioned  in  the  said  Nomination  that  were  not  of  my 
naming.  And  I  think  it  would  ha  better  for  the  peace  of  the 
Towns,  where  they  live  as  well  as  y*'  Peace  of  y«  County  not  to 
make  them  Justices  viz*  William  Davis  and  David  Stone,  Stone 
lives  in  Windsor  amongst  the  Rietous  Inliabitants  where  there 
is  two  parties  and  for  this  Reason  I  am  of  y®  opinion  that  to 
omit  appointing  any  Justice  of  y«  Peace  in  Windsor  for  y 
present  will  be  best,  but  I  submit  my  Judgment  to  your  Excel- 
lency's wise  Deterrain»ition. 

I  would  Beg  leave  to  Recommend  to  your  ExcelU:!cys  favour 
Diiniel  Whipple  Es(f  High  Sheriff*  of  Cumberland  County  who 
was  very  fUithfull  in  striving  to  apprehend  the  Windsor  Rietors, 
for  which  good  services  His  Late  Excellency  the  Earl  of  Dun- 
rnore  and  the  Honourable  His  Mnjestys  Council  made  hira  a 
Grant  of  a  Township  of  Land,  and  he  is  now  come  to  your 
Excellency  to  take  out  a  Patent  for  y  Samo. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  6RAKTS. 


761 


I  humbly  pray  your  Excellency  to  favour  him  with  a  Patent 
of  the  said  Grant 

I  would  also  Begg  leave  to  Inform  your  Excellency,  that 
James  Rogers  Esq'  of  Kent,  obtained  a  grant  of  the  Township 
of  Land  called  Kent  in  Cumberland  County,  and  I  was  y®  person 
that  gave  him  the  Bounds,  and  a  Warrant  of  Survey  was 
granted  and  a  Return  'iiade,  but  the  Patent  did  not  follow 
according  to  y«  Bounds  made,  and  no  Just  Reason,  that  I  can 
learn,  why  it  did  not  Issue  according  to  tbe  Grant,  the  bounds 
mentioned  in,  the  Patent  leaves  out  all  the  Buildings  and  Improve- 
ments in  Kent,  and  unless  the  Patent  is  Rectified  (which  I 
presume  it  is  Easy  to  be  Done)  it  will  Ruin  the  Township  and 
the  Settlers,  and  y*  Settlement  of  y«  same. 

I  would  therefore  Intreat  your  Excellency  in  your  wonted 
goodness  and  favour  to  make  the  Patent  agreable  to  ye  said  Grant. 
I  would  also  pray  your  Excellency  to  acquaint  Governor 
Wentworth  of  the  said  Riotous  affair  when  jou  have  M'  Lords 
Information  (which  I  have  not  had  time  to  get  since  I  came 
home)  that  the  Rletors  may  be  brought  to  justice. 

from  your  Excellencys  most  obedient 
and  most  humble  Servant 
Chester  6*"  February  1772.  Thomas  Chandler. 

To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esq. 

P.  S.  If  your  Excellency  would  be  pleased  to  make  a  grant 
to  the  said  Judge  Lord,  for  his  good  services,  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland,  but  more  especially  for  assisting  the  Sherift*  with 
the  Posse  when  he  went  to  apprehend  the  Rietors  at  Windsor, 
wherein  he  was  very  servisable  in  stilling  the  same,  and  for 
which  he  has  never  liad  any  llew  ard  as  some  others  have  had. 
In  some  of  the  unappropriated  Lands  in  this  Province  or  in 
some  of  the  Townships  that  was  granted  by  the  Late  Governor 
Wentworth  Deci,  that  he  granted  to  himself  and  which  by  a 
Late  Resolve  of  the  present  Governor  Wentworth  and  y®  Council 
of  y«  Province  of  Ne\  Hampshire  Declared  Did  not  convey  a 
title  to  y*'  said  Governor  Wentworth  Dec*'  I  should  take  it  as  a 
great  mark  of  favour  from  your  Excellencys  Dutifull  '  ''» 
Obedient  and  most  Humble  Servant  "" 
"'•''"'  'r,'.,     ^.;  ;     Thomas  Chandler. 


•1 


>/l 


Ki       *i 


if- 


*         '       0 


1 

I 

■1 

1:;. 

f 

tii;,s^^    ■ 

702 


Aafi 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECtiNO  THE 


ESQR.  MUNRO  TO  GOV.  TRYON.  ^i  ;aM 


May  it  please  your  Excellency  In  due  obedience  to  your  Ex- 
cellency's Command  I  herewith  send  you  the  Information  of 
Benjamin  Buck  and  Jonathan  White  who  are  well  acquainted 
with  the  behaviour  of  their  neighbours  and  who's  information 
may  be  depended  on  for  trouth  for  I  forced  them  in  a  manner 
not  but  that  they  were  willing  but  they  are  afraid  of  the  Mob's 
destroying  all  their  property. 

I  would  not  be  understood  that  I  mean  to  draw  your  Excel- 
lencys  displeasure  upon  them,  but  I  find  that  every  act  of 
indulgence  which  the  Government  offers  is  rejected  with  disdain  • 
and  by  the  best  Information  I  can  get  they  are  determined  to 
oppose  the  authority  of  this  Government  assigning  for  reason 
that  should  they  comply  it  will  weaken  their  New  Hampshire 
Title,  and  they  shall  lose  all  their  Lands  for  this  reason  they 
shall  Fight  'till  they  die  ;  however  if  this  Benington  was  well 
drest  I  presume  all  the  rest  will  fall  of  course  and  that  the 
Government  will  be  restored  to  peace. 

My  House  was  to  be  Burnt  a  New  Years  day  yet  Providence 
have  preserved  all  as  yet  and  had  tliey  come  according  to  the 
Information  I  had,  I  was  ready  for  to  receive  them,  however  I 
am  very  glad  they  did  not  appear. 

I  am  informed  that  they  have  established  a  Company  in 
Bennington  Commanded  by  John  Warner  of  said  Town  and  that 
a  New  Y^ears  day  he  had  his  Company  reviewed  and  continued 
all  day  fireing  at  marks — I  have  sent  several  summons  after  a 
number  of  tlie  Spectator's,  that  I  may  be  enabled  to  transmit  to 
your  Excellency  a  proper  return  of  this  Company  but  as  yet 
not  one  appeared,  however  I  shall  have  some  of  them  by 
and  by. 

Your  Excellency's  Friendship  to  the  Inhabitance  of  Durham 
will  be  of  great  ser\  ice  and  help  greatly  to  strenthen  the  interest 
of  Government  in  those  parts  the  rioters  I  am  told  have 
turned  much  against  them  for  taking  grants  from  this  Govern 
ment.  . 

I  shall  from  time  to  time  endeavour  to  give  your  Excelleney 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


763 


erery  Information  that  shall  be  necessary  to  support  the  authority 
of  this  Government. 

I  am  with  Due  Submission 
Your  Excellency's 
faithiul  servant  to  Command 
}'!•  •?  H  John  Munro. 

p :  S :    I  hope  your  Excellency  received  my  Packet  of 
Korember  last  containing  some  Informations  and  what  I  had  done 
in  consequence  of  your  Excellency's  letter  to  the  Justices. 
(Endorsed)    To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  &« 
Reed  ye  i7(h  Feby  1772 


INFORMATION  OF  BENJBUCK. 


'i"',tf 


tUi-.t 


Albany  ss :     The  information  of  Benjamin  Buck  who  being 
duly  sworn  saith  that  on  or  about   the  Beginning  of  this 
instant  January  lie  calJed  at  the  House  of  Cap*  Stephen  Fay  in 
Bennington  Tavern  ketn^er,  for  some  refreshment  for  himself 
and  Horse  upon  coming  into  the  House  he  found  a  number  of 
People  in  the  House  as  if  they  were  engaged  in  business,  upon 
which  the  deponent  asked,  and  if  tliey  were,  he  should  go  into 
another  room,  they  all  desired  hira  to  Join  that  their  Business 
was  not  private  upon  which  tlie  deponent  sat  down  amongst 
them  J  when  Present  Samuel  llobinson  of  Bennington  Ethen 
AOeu  of  Salsbury  Boston  Goveinment  and  Robert  Cockrun 
formerly  of  Bennington,  but  at  Present  some  where  abouts  the 
Township  called  Rupert,  witli  many  other  Persons;  wlien  the 
deponent  went  into  the  House  tlie  said  Sam>  Robinson  had  the 
Governor's  Pro'.v<i -nation  dated  at  New  York  Dec  11  u>  1771, 
Reading  of  it  to  the  Company  and  when  he  came  to  the  follow- 
ing Paragraph  "  whereas  it  is  the  ancient  and  iucontestible  right 
of  this  Colony  ^.o  extend  to  Connecticut  River  as  its  Eastern 
Boundary,"  M'  Robinson  was  Pleased  to  say  that  he  knew  that 
to  be  a  Damn  lie,  then  he  read  on  till  he  came  to  wliere  His 
Excellency  informs  them  <tf  his  receiving  a  letter  from  Governor 
Wentworth  dated  the  W^  of  Oct'  last,  M"^  Robison  in  like 


\:l 


i  1* 


'i 


i 


*  :1 


I    i 


_^i 


784 


CONTROVBBSY   RfiSPEXJTING   THE 


manner  assured  the  company  that  it  was  a  grand  ialsehood  for 
he  knew  to  the  Contrary  that  the  whole  was  a  Draught  of 
Duanes  and  had  been  in  a  Draught  for  some  years  ;  after  the 
Proclamation  wae  read  M'  Robinson  asked  the  Deponent  uhat 
he  tliought  of  it,  to  which  the  deponent  answered  and  said  m\ 
oppinion  is  that  York  Government  will  hold  all  the  lands,  upon 
which  the  said  Ethen  Allen  came  up  behind  the  Deponent 
and  struck  him  three  times  and  said  you  are  a  Damn  Bastard 
of  old  Munro'SjWe  shall  make  a  hell  of  His  House  and  tur» 
burn  him  in  it,  and  every  son  of  a  bitch  that  will  take  his  part 
it's  no  wonder  to  suppose  you  one  of  that  Principle  for  old  Cole 
lives  upon  one  side  of  you  and  old  Willoghby  the  other  side— 
the  Deponent  answered  that  if  it  should  be  the  right  of  New 
Hampshire,  might  would  overcome  right,  M""  Alleu  said  how 
can  you  be  such  a  Damn  fool  have  'vc  not  always  overcome 
them,  and  one  hundred  miles  to  the  Northward  and  if  they  shall 
ever  come  ago^.n  we  shall  Drive  tiiem  two  hundred  miles  and 
send  them  to  hell ;  upon  their  Reading  tlie  Governors  name  to 
the  Proclamation.  So  your  name  is  Try  on,  tri  on  and  be  Daaii 
he  shall  have  his  matcli  if  he  comes  liere  and  many  such 
Expressions  and  further  the  deponent  saith  not    .  < , 

Benjamin  Buck 
Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  in  tlie  County        ,  ^^    . 

aforesaid  this  24i»'  day  of  Jany  1772 

John  Munro  Justice. 


'^    ;'         AFFIDAVIT  OF  JONATHAN  WHEATE. 

««■ . '  - 

Albany  ss:  J'on^.than  White  of  Shafshury  cuming  this  even 
mg  past  the  House  of  John  Blackely  of  Shafsbury  aforesaid  the 
said  Blakely  Called  out  hew  comes  there  the  Deponent  answered 
Jonathan  White,  well  what  dis  the  Maliomet  say,  tlie  deponent 
answered  not  much,  then  the  said  John  Blakely  asked  the  Depo- 
nent what  he  thouglit  of  the  Proclamation,  the  deponent  answered 
I  dont  think  much  of  it  for  I  believed  it  all  before  I  saw  it— the 
S&fid  fil&kely  answered  and  said  its  a  Damn  thing  and  tlieGover- 


':t- 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GBANTS. 


765 


nor  may  stick  it  in  his  ARS — the  said  John  Blakely  told  the  De- 
iionent  repeatedly  that  if  ever  tlie  land  should  get  Back  to  N<\v 
Hampshire  that  every  man  that  was  a  Yorker  should  be  ruined, 
and  hove  off  the  land.  One  Joshua  Beats  of  Shafsbury  aforesaid 
did  in  like  manner  told  the  deponant  that  if  the  Yorkers  got  the 
land  and  drive  them  oif  they  would  come  every  year  and  destroy 
all  and  every  Persons  substance  that  would  offer  to  Settle  upon 
the  lands  &"  the  deponant  says  that  in  General  the  Inhabittmts 
are  more  inraged  against  the  Government  since  the  last  Procla* 
mation  was  Published  then  ever  they  were  before  and  that  a 
number  of  them  are  determined  to  fight  till  they  die;  and  that 
tliey  will  not  submit  to  the  authority  of  this  Government;  asign- 
ing  for  a  reason  that  if  they  should  submit  to  the  authority  of 
Government  they  shall  lose  their  lands,  but  as  long  as  they  shall 
[bej  joined  togither  they  would  hold  the  knd  and  keep  off  the 
Yorliers  and  farther  saith  not. 


Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  in  the 
County  of  Albany  aforesaid  this  28"» 
day  of  January  1773. 

John  Munro  Justice. 


Jonathan  Wheate. 


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.  !■»■"; 


JUDGE  LORD  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


.:.h  /     jw  .  i         Putn!^  Febfy  16«>  1772. 
May  it  please  your  Excellency  '  -.       ,  ••  ..     '■ 

By  my  letter  of  29»h  of  January  Last  pass't,  I  informed  your 
Excellency  of  a  Great  Riot  that  hapened  here,  composed  intirely 
of  People  from  the  side  of  New  Hampshire — Likewise  Informed 
I  was  inquiring  thereof,  taking  Depositions  therefor  (Being 
apprehensive  Inquiry  by  a  Jury  was  not  practicable  at  that  time) 
but  since  that  time  finding  Inquiry  by  a  Jury  would  not  be  un- 
safe I  therefore  undertook  it  with  the  assistance  of  M""  Tlioraas 
Chandler  jun'  &  M"  William  Willard  two  of  his  Majs  Justices  of 
the  Peace  for  this  County.  To  be  short.  Five  of  tlie  principal 
Rioters  came  &  submitted  themselves  to  the  Law  (before  any 


V   * 


766 


CONTBOVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


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warrants  Issued  against  them)  Their  sensability  of  their  fault 
the  apparent  signes  of  Repentance  with  their  submission  wo^ild 
hardly  fail  of  Exciting  compassion.  Furthermore  I  am  to  inform 
your  Excellency  That  the  Rioters  have  ben  &  paid  &  satisfied 
the  judgement  on  which  the  Fieri  Facias  issued  and  made  ample 
satisfaction  to  all  persons  injured  by  them.  And  good  order  is 
now  restored  in  this  County  as  formerly — ^And  I  apprehend  on 
a  more  Solid  Basis,  People  now  seeming  to  be  sensible  that  dis- 
turbers of  the  Peace  must  pay  Dear  for  their  Folley. 

And  Inasmuch  as  in  a  foregoing  Riot,  it  has  been  Represented 
That,  they  receive  encouragement  in  their  Rebellion  from  New 
Hampshire  side  of  the  River  &<>.  I  tho't  it  Proper  to  subjoin 
the  Following,  viz*  That  I  cannot  find,  in  this  Riot,  any  Gen- 
tlemen, Majestrate  or  officers  were  encouragers,  abbettors  or 
assistants;  so  far  from  that,  they  upon  their  first  hearing  of  it, 
Gave  a  Laudable  Testimony  of  their  abhorrence  of  it.  And 
when  inquiry  was  making  by  us  upon  the  very  West  Bank  of 
the  River  (so  nigh  them)  Gentlemen  Spectators  expressed  their 
abhorrence  of  their  doings,  neither  had  we  the  least  opposition 
or  Disturbance  given  us.  Mes'*  Bellows  &  Olcot  Two  of  the 
next  justices  of  the  Peace  in  the  County  of  Cheshire,  New  Hamp- 
shire Government  exerted  themselves,  on  this  Occasion,  and  Ex 
Officio,  Issued  thei^  warrants  apprehended  some,  brought  them 
before  them — Bound  to  their  appearance  (nigh  the  number  30) 
at  the  next  Superior  Court,  to  be  held  in  Cheshire  County,  there 
to  answer  for  their  unlawfull  assembling  &  other  misdemeanors. 

It  is  with  pleasure  I  give  your  Excellency  this  Information  & 
doubt  not  it  will  be  alike  acceptable  to,  and  Please  your  Excel- 
lency. If  your  Excellency  is  desirous  of  further  Information  & 
more  particular,  the  bearer  can  give  it,  viz*  M'  John  Grout.  1 
am  your's  to  command  &  , .    , 

Most  Obedient  Hum'*  Serv"* 

Joseph  Lord, 
To  ills  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esq' 

Governour  New  York.  i 

(Endorsed)    1772  Feby :  28.    Read  in  Council. 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS 


767 


■  M  £      (  '^fl «  .  — .  1.   I 


M'  Lispenard 
M'  Duane 
Lord  Stirling 
M'  Jones 
Coll"  Morris 
M'  Banyar  \ ; 
M' William  Walton 
M*^  Inglis 


I'j 


ORDER  OF  THE  GOV^  OF  THE  N.  Y.  COLLEGE  FOR  THE 
SETTLEMENT  OF  THEIR  TOWNSHIP  OF  KINGSLAND. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Governors  of  Kings  College  in 
the  City  of  New  York  on  Monday  the  l?"*  Day  of 
February  1772  at  the  House  of  Richard  Hull. 

Present.       . 

M' Attorney  General 

M' Mayor 

The  Sen'  Mins:  of  the  Dutch  Church 

M'  Henry  Cruger     -mHi  i  "fl-   mu?. 

Coll"  Philipse  . .i   .<  .  n  ;     •- 

M'  Livingston  ;  '.;"  <v  -f  ,■  , ; . 

M'  Clarkson 

The  Min:  of  the  Lutheran  Church 
Whereas  it  has  been  represented  to  this  Board  that  the  former 
Encouragement  given  by  this  Corporation  for  the  settlement  of 
the  Township  of  Kingsland  has  proved  insufficient  to  answer 
the  purpose  thereby  Enbended,  and  the  same  being  now  duly 
weighed  and  Considered  This  Board  do  therefore  unanimously 
Resolve— First  that  an  actual  survey  be  made  of  the  whole 
Tract,  and  one  thousand  acres  thereof  be  laid  out  into  square 
Letts  of  Ten  acres  each  for  a  Town  Spott,  the  Center  Lott  of 
which  shall  forever  remain  an  open  square  or  green.  Secondly, 
That  the  said  Lotts  be  divided  by  streets  of  one  chain  wide 
except  the  two  main  Streets  to  be  run  in  right  angles  through 
the  middle  of  the  said  Town  and  Center  Lott  which  are  to  be 
laid  out  one  Chain  and  an  half  wide  and  to  extend  in  direct 
courses  through  the  whole  Town  plot  dividing  equally  those  Lotts 
through  which  they  pass.  Thirdly.  That  the  Remainder  of  the 
Tract  be  also  divided  into  Lotts  of  one  thousand  acres  each, 
the  courses  of  wliich  to  be  well  ascertained  and  described  in 
such  manner  that  each  Lott  may  be  thereby  subdivided  into  Lotts 
of  one  hundred  acres  as  occasion  may  require  and  a  full  and 
perfect  description  be  given  of  the  Quality  of  each  Lott  and 
the  Streams  and  places  fit  for  Water  works  be  also  laid  down 
and  fully  described.    Also  that  in  dividing  and  laying  out  the 


1 


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f;^*: 


00Nfli(y"iai8Y   RKSPSCTIKO   THE 

said  Tract  regard  be  had  to  the  Main  Streets  of  the  said  Town 
Plott.  Fourthly.  That  the  Corporation  will  give  aud  Grant  in 
Fee  Simple  to  the  first  twelve  sellers  that  sliall  go  and  settle  on 
the  said  Tract  of  Land  any  one  of  thp  said  Ten  acre  Letts  and 
also  one  liundred  acres  of  Land  any  \vV,  re  out  of  tlie  said  Town 
plott  for  a  farm,  to  be  located  by  Lines  at  riglit  angles  on  Condi- 
tion that  they  build  on  the  Town  Lotts  and  actually  inhabit 
tliere  within  Two  years  from  the  Twenty  fifth  day  of  March 
next  Also  that  one  of  the  Ten  Acre  Lotts  be  given  to  a  minister 
of  the  gospel  besides  t\ie  one  hundred  Acres  formerly  promised 
for  a  Glebe.  .  v  i,  ■  -  • 

Ordered  that  M'  Duane,  M'  Bnnyar,  M'  Kempe  M""  Hicks  k 
My  William  Walton  or  any  tliree  or  more  of  them  be  a  Committee 
to  carry  tlie  above  Resolves  into  Execution  and  that  they  have 
power  to  Treat  and  agree  witli  the  said  Twelve  Setlers  and  Such 
others  as  shall  incline  to  Settle  on  the  said  Tract,  and  to  take 
such  Securities  as  they  can  best  obtain  for  the  speedy  Settlement 
of  the  said  Town  Lotts,  and  also  to  Draw  on  tiie  Treasurer  of 
this  Corporation  from  time  to  time  for  such  suras  as  may  be 
necessary  to  complete  the  said  Survey  and  Division. 

Ordered  That  the  small  Lotts  fronting  upon  the  Center  Square 
?)c  reserved  to  be  hereafter  appropriated  for  sucli  publick  Buildings 
as  tliis  Corporation  sliall  think  fitt,  and  tliat  the  above  Committee 
have  also  power  to  appropriate  two  of  the  said  Lotts  for  a  Church 
and  Court  House  if  they  shall  find  it  proper. 

A  true  copy  Lamb'  Moore,  Scery 


A  List  of  the  Civil  officers  for  Gloucester  County  New  York 

Province  Feby  1772        , 

John  Tapliii  Esquire  first  Jntlgo  ^ 

Thomas  Sumner  Esquire  Second  Judj     <  V     . '.'    < 

John  Peters  Esqr  Clerk                         ;r  ^^^ 

John  Taplin  Jur  Esquire  Sheriff            '"  -    ' 

James  Pennock  Jur  &  >  Coroners  "^    ,  - ,» 
Samuel  Hall  Esqr        \  good  character 

James  Pennock 
Thomas  Chamberlain  , .  ■ 

Awistiint  Justices    Joel  Marsh— reed  by  Wells— Peters  says  good 
John  Hatch 

Benjamin  AVhitecomb — not  known 
J,  ^        by  order  of  John  Taplin  Esqr  Chief  Judge  this  List  is  returned 

Test    John  Petkbs  Cik 


;i;  \i  h'i  r»?-'.-i,    ' 


n\l 


MB'  MooKK,  Scery* 


,  County  New  York 


MEW  HAMP8HIEE  GRANTS. 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


769 


Sir 


Our  mutual  Friend  Captain  Holland,  who  arrived  liere  this 
Day  from  New  York,  informs  me  that  many  Peoplo  are  soliciting 
to  obtain  Patents  for  a  Tract  of  Land  on  tlie  West  Banlc  of 
Connecticut  River,  formerly  granted  under  the  seal  of  this 
Province  by  the    Name  of  Rockingham,  and  since  by   His 
Majesty's  Order  in  Council  annexed  to  tlie  Province  of  New- 
Yorlc ;— In  tliis  Township  of  Rockingham  M""  Samuel  Wentwortli 
late  ot*  Boston  was  interested  about  five  thousand  acres,  on  which 
he liad made  some  Improvement;  Tliis  was  intended  for  a  son 
of  U'  Wentworth,  a  youth  now  advanced' to  a  sufficient  Age  to 
settle  tliereon  ;  And  as  it  is  his  whc '        pendance.  He  is  entirely 
solicitous  to  liave  it  at  all  adventures,  secured  to  him  ;  Permit 
me  therefore  to  intreat  your  Excellency's  favorable  Preference 
in  malting  a  new  Grant  to  this  youth  M'  Benning  Wentworth  of 
the  said  5000  Acres  in  Rockingham,  which  Captain  Holland 
informs  me  are  marked  off  in  an  intire  &  separate  Lot  in  said 
Township.    In  hopes  that  my  Request  in  Behalf  of  this  deserving 
yomig  Gentleman  may  succeed  I  have  taken  the  Liberty  to  adjoin 
the  Names  wh  Captain  Holland  tells  me  are  necessary  in  making 
a  Conveyance  of  such  a  Tract  of  Land,  according  to  the  Practice 
in  New  York ;  and  shall  give  immediate  Directions  to  some 
Friends  there  to  give  tlie  necessary  attendance  for  compleating 
this  Business,  if  your  Excellency  is  so  good  to  favour  me  with 
that  Permission-    I  am  with  the  greatest  Respect  &  Esteem 
Your  Excellency's  very  faithful  and 
>,,  •/      i    -  ;     cv»,<  ,    .  ,       most  obedient  Servant 

J.  WllNTWORTH. 

Portsmouth  New  Hampshire  23''  March  1 772. 
His  Excellency  Governor  Tryon  &«  ... 

Names  to  be  inserted  in  the  Patent  of  5000  Acres  of  Land  in 
Rockingham  if  it  should  appear  expedient  to  His  Excellency 
Governor  Tryon  to  grant  said  Tract  for  M'  Wentworth  viz* 
Benning  Wentworth        of  Hinsdale  in  New  Hampshire 

Ml'i;/m^''p'l      ■  >  of  Portsmouth 

M'  Matthew  Parker  f  • 

Ammi  Ruhamah  Cutter  Esq' t  j^^^  Hampshire 


M'  John  Peiice 
Vol.  IV. 


1      i 


49 


B.^\.^ 


N^ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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1MB 


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Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WfST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y    14580 

(716)872-4503 


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OOMTROVEBSY   RESPECTING  TBC 


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MINUTES  OP  COUNCIL  RESPECTING  CERTAIN  RIOTERS 
ORDERED  TO  BE  APPREHENDED. 

In  Council  March  26t'»  1772. 
His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  of  the  2^ 
March  Instant  from  Henry  Ten  Eyck  Jun'Esq'  Sherif  of  Albany, 
acknowledging  the  Receit  of  the  proclamation  of  the  S*'*  December 
for  apprehending  certain  Riotors  therein  named,  and  a(!^a!ntiug 
his  Excellency  that  three  of  them  Baker,  Allen  and  Sevel,  are 
-retired  to  the  Neighbouring  Government  That  he  has  not  been 
able  to  apprehend  any.  of  the  Rest.  But  that  from  the  Conduct 
and  Behaviour  of  those  who  were  at  Home,  tho'  not  particulai'ly 
mentioned  or  concerned  in  the  Riot,  he  finds  the  greatest  appear- 
ance of  a  determined  Resolution  not  to  submit  to  the  Government: 
And  this  he  found  particulaiPly  verified  by  the  Conduct  of  Eight 
or  nine  who  were  armed  with  Guns  and  Clubs  in  which  manner 
they  came  to  the  House  of  one  Heermans  near  the  Indian  River 
where  he  then  was,  and  from  their  Conduct  it  appeared*  what 
thev  intended. 


I 


fr  -I    p   ft  ^ 

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SECRETARY  BANYAR  TO  J0SE1»H  LORD,  ESQR 

New  York  3<»  April!  1772. 
S»    .. 

His  Excellency  tha  Governor  communicated  to  his  Majesty's 
Ck)uncil  your  two  Letters  of  the  29'*>  January  and  IG'h  February 
last,  giving  a  full  and  particular  account  of  a  Riot  in  the  Town- 
ship of  Putney  perpetrated  by  a  Body  of  People  from  the  East 
Side  of  the  River,  who  forcibly  carried  away  sundry  Goods,  taken 
in  Execution  and  their  property  in  the  Custody  of  the  Officer. 

The  circumstances  of  this  Riot  an  the  men-aggravated  as  the' 
offenders  belong'd  to  anotlier  Government  j  it  was  therefore  with 
great  Propriety  that  the  Magistrates  of  New  Hampshire  exerted 
themselves  in  bringing  them  to  Justice. 

Your  own  Endeavours  for  the  same  Salutary  Purpose  have 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


771 


met#th  the  intire  approbation  of  the  Board  and  the  Council, 
and  I  have  his  Excy's  Directions  to  Signify  the  same  to  you  and 
that  he  sees  with  much  Satisfaction  tlie  Readiness  with  which  you 
was  assisted  on  tliis  Occasion  by  the  neighbsr  Justices  Thomas 
Chandler  Junior  and  William  Willard  Esq' 

His  Excellency  desirous  of  retaining  in  Office  the  most 
respectable  Persons  in  the  County  could  not  think  of  appointing 
any  Person  as  Second  Judge  in  your  Stead,  He  has  however 
added  another  Gentleman  to  the  Bench,  which  after  your  faithful 
Service  in  that  County  will  give  you  an  opportunity,  with  less 
Prejudice  to  the  public,  of  taking  as  little  share  of  the  Burthen 
of  the  Office,  as  shall  be  most  agreeable  to  yourself..  I  am  with 
very  great  Regard 


COL.  REED  TO  GOV.  TRYON 

To  His  Excellency  The  (Jovernor 

The  following  Thoughts  are  humbly  submitted  by  U  Coll 
Reid. 

As  a  Report  prevails  that  your  Excellency  in  Council!  propose 
8oon  to  fix  upon  a  proper  situation  for  a  Court  House  to  be 
erected  in  Charlote  County,  I  therefore  think  it  a  duty  incum- 
bent upon  me  to  lay  before  your  Excellency  the  following 
Extract  from  Lord  Dunmores  Letter  to  me  of  the  ll^h  ult  ji^iz  : 
"I  shall  be  extremely  happy  if  the  Legislature  should  pay  me 
the  compliment  of  fixing  upon  my  Land  for  the  Court  house 
to  stand  upon ;  and  in  that  event  I  shall  most  cheerfully  build  a 
Court  House  or  any  other  Buildings  that  may  be  thought  requi- 
site by  the  Publick." 

In  case  his  Lordship's  Land  should  be  fixed  upon  for  the 
above  purpose,  I  am  ready  to  give  Bond,  if  it  should  be  required, 
for  the  faithful  performanco  of  what  he  has  offered. 

As  this  is  a  matter  of  great  importance  to  the  Inhabitants,  and 
to  every  person  having  an  Interest  in  that  County,  I  would 
humbly  beg  leave  to  observe  that  two  or  three  situations  have  been 


.:^ 


t. 


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t 
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772 


CONTROVERSY  RKSPECTINO  ^IIZ 


1*  *     ri'V  I       1 


talked  of  for  the  Court  House,  all  of  them  improper,  beingiiear 
the  Southern  Extremitys  of  the  County ;  because  it  is  demon- 
strable that  it  would  prevent  the  settlement  of  the  northern 
part  of  the  County,  and  of  course  be  greatly  prejudicial  to  the 
Proprietors  of  Land  there  for  there  can  be  nc  doubt  that  the 
fixing  the  Court  House  to  the  Southward  will  naturally  draw 
the  Inhabitants  that  way ;  whereas  if  it  should  be  placed  in  a 
more  centrical  situation,  it  will  be  a  means  of  diifusing  the 
Inhabitants  more  equally  through  every  part  of  the  County,  to 
the  equal  advantage  of  the  Proprietors  of  Land,  and  conveniency 
of  the  Inhabitants. 

Should  it  be  argued  that  how  soon  the  northern  part  of  the 
County  is  peopled,  it  is  to  be  formed  into  a  separate  County  •  I 
would  answer  that  there  is  no  probability  of  its  happening  fop 
at  least  forty  years  to  come,  the  number  of  Inhabitants  in  that 
extensive  Tract  of  Country,  being  at  present  so  inconsiderable. 
"  The  Proprietors  of  Lands,  as  well  as  the  Inhabitants,  in  the 
Southern  pai'ts  of  that  County  already  possess  great  advantages 
over  those  in  the  northern  parts,  by  their  enjoyment  of  a  milder 
Climate  ;  and  being  nearer  to  a  settled  Country  and  to  the  inte- 
rior parts  of  the  Province,  they  can  have  a  ready  market  for  theii 
Produce  at  a  much  smaller  expence  of  Carrriage  j  which  with 
out  another  acquired  advantage,  must  naturally  increase  the 
value  of  their  Lands,  which  already  bear  a  price,  and  conse- 
quently will  draw  settlers  to  them.    The  Proprietors  therefore, 
of  Lands  to  the  Northward,  who  are  equally  chargable  with  His 
Majesty's  Quit  Rents,  and  who  expect  to  meet  with  equall  Favor, 
will  have  but  a  poor  chance  of  getting  their  lands  settled,  under 
so  many  disadvantages,  in  case  a  situation  for  the  County  Town 
should  be  chose  near  the  Southern  Extreimity  of  the  County. 
Ally  Situation,  which  will  occassion  a  long  land  Carriage  to  it, 
in  a  County  where  there  are  no  Roads,  must  be  grivous  to  the 
Inhabitants.    A  Situation,  therefore  nearly  centrical,  providiDg 
it  enjoys  the  advantage  of  water  Carriage,  appears  to  be  most 
eligible.    In  a  County  where  a  great  part  of  the  Inhabitants  are 
disafected  to  this  Government,  and  have  been  subject  to  no  law, 
it  becomes  a  question,  whether  it  wonld  be  proper  to  place  the 
County  Town  near  to  Crown  point,  where  the  Inhabitants  are 


'  ^     NEW  HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS.  I^l^ 

well  affected  to  this  Government,  and  where  the  Civil  Mi^strate 
could  have  the  assistance  of  a  military  Force  in  case  it  should 
at  any  time  I)e  found  absolutely  necessary  in  the  execution  of 
his  Duty. 

All  that  I  wish  for  is,  that  such  a  Resolution  may  be  taken, 
as  will  tend  to  the  Honor  of  Government,  and  to  the  equal 
advantage  of  the  Inhabitants  of  that  County. 
All  which  is  humbly  submitted  by 

Ttb  Ap>  17712.  John  Rbid. 


■r^ 


PETITION  OF  THE  PROPRIETORS  OF  SOCIALBORO'  &C. 

To  his  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  Captain 
General  and  Governor  in  Chief  in  and  over  the 
Province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  dependii^g 
thereon  in  America  Chancellor  and  Vice  Admiraljgif 
the  same.  •    ^ 

The  Petition  of  the  Subscribers,,  who  are  interested  in  the 
Townships  of  Socialborough,  Halesborough,   Newry 
.  Richmond  Kelso  Monckton  &  Durham  in  the  County 
of  Charlotte, 
Most  humbly  Sheweth 

That  your  Petitioners  being  informed  that  the  appointment  cf 
the  Township  or  place  for  holding  the  Courts  in  that  County  of 
Charlette,  will  soon  come  under  your  Excellency's  Consideration, 
They  beg  leave  most  humbly  to  suggest — 

That  the  Township  of  Socialborough  is  nearly  central,  to  that 
part  of  the  Country,  which  will  probably  remain  a  separate 
County,  when  the  Northen  part  of  this  province  becomes  popu- 
lous (to  wit)  from  Batten  Kill,  to  an  East  Line  from  the  mouth 
of  Otter  Creek,  comprising  a  district  of  about  75  Miles  in 

^length—  .  ,,...M.. . 

That  the  roads  leading  Northward  from  the  Massachusetts 
Bay,  and  Westward  from  New  Hampshire,  both  pass  thro'  the 
said  Townsliip ;  which  your  Petitioners  conceive  a  strong  proof 
of  its  being  easy  of  Access— 


c 


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OONTAOYKRST  ftSSPECTINO  THE 


i 


That  the  said  Township,  and  the  Lands  In  its  Neighbourhood 

are  remarkably  fertile,  and  pleasantly  situated,  on  a  fine  river 

called  Otter  Creek,  which  for  many  Miles  is  navigable  with  Bat- 

teaus,  and  would  be  throughout,  but  for  the  obstruction  of  the 

:iklls. 

That  from  the  best  information  your  Petitioners  are  able  to 
collect,  tho'  the  settlement  began  within  three  years,  there  are 
already  thirty  five  Families  in  Socialbordugh,  and  twenty  more 
have  made  Improvements,  &  are  expected  to  remove  thither  the 
ensuing  Spring ;  the  chief  of  whom  have  agreed  to  take  Titles 
for  their  ^arms  under  this  Government. 

That  in  the  three  Townsliips  of  Durham,  Graiton,  and  Ches- 
terfield, which  adjoin  each  other,  and  extend  from  Socialboroiigh 
Southward,  there  are  Ninety  six  Families  actually  settled,  who 
all  hold  their  Estates  under  this  Government. 

That  in  Chatliam,  which  is  the  next  Town  adjoining  Chester- 
field towards  the  South,  there  are  settled  Filteen  Families ;  &  jn 
Eugene,  which  adjoins  it  on  the  West,  Forty.  In  PrlncetowD 
which  adjoins  Chatham  on  the  South,  Seventy  Families ;  and  in 
the  West  Camden  which  adjoins  it  on  the  West,  Twelve  Families, 

That  those  making  in  the  whole  near  two  hundred  Heads  of 
Families,  chiefly  live  at  a  convenient  distance  from  Socialbor 
ough,  and  the  most  remote  of  them  not  exceeding  Forty  miles- 
and  have  already  the  advantage  of  a  tolerable  road,  thro'  which 
loaded  Carts  have  passed  from  Socialborough  to  Albany  the  last 
summer. 

/That  Col.  Reids  settlement,  which  is  furthest  North  and  which 
consists  of  about  Fifteen  Families,  is  at  no  greater  distance  from 
Socialborough  than  thirty  Miles  and  Major  Skene's  within  Twenty 
Miles. 

That  from  these  circumstances  your  Petitioners  hope  it  will 
appear  that  this  Township  is  well  situated  for  the  County  Town, 
and  not  only  convenient  to  the  greater  part  of  the  i/resent  In- 
habitants, but  will  continue  to  be  so  to  the  Country  in  general 
(as  far  as  to  tho  said  East  Line  from  the  mouth  of  Otter  Creek,) 
when  it  becomes  populous  and  fully  improved. 

That  the  present  Inhabitants  of  the  said  County  are  verj 
poor,  and  unable,  but  by  their  LabQur,  to  contribute  any  thing 


A    MEW  HAUFSHIEK  ORAMTl. 


175 


I    ' 


I  NeighbouThood, 
,  on  a  fine  river 
vigable  with  Bat- 
obstruction  of  the 

oners  are  able  to 
B  years,  there  are 
and  twenty  more 
remove  thither  the 
reed  to  take  Titles 

Grafton,  and  Ches- 
from  Socialborough 
jtually  settled,  who 

• 

adjoining  Chester- 
;een  Families ;  &in 
y.  In  Princetown, 
y  Families  ;  and  in 
st,  Twelve  Families. 
hundred  Heads  of 
ice  from  Socialbor- 
eeding  Forty  miles; 
le  road,  thro'  which 
h  to  Albany  the  last 

est  North  and  which 
reater  distance  from 
:ene's  within  Twenty 

itloners  hope  it  will 
or  the  County  Town, 
rt  of  the  i/fcsent  In- 
Country  in  general 
mth  of  Otter  Creek,) 

red. 

id  County  are  very 
contribute  any  thing 


towards  the  Building  a  Court  House  and  Goal,  nor  is  any  Provi- 
sion made  for  that  purpose  by  law. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  humbly  pray,  that,  unless  your 
Excellency  shall  judge  some  other  place  to  be  more  proper,  the 
County  Town  of  the  said  County  may  be  fixed  at  Socialborough 
in  which  case  your  Petitioners  are  willing,  and  do  engage,  to 
raise  &  pay  all  the  money,  which  shall  be  necessary  tot  erecting 
a  convenient  Court  House  &  (jioal  for  the  said  County.' 
And  your  Petitioners  shall  ever  pray  &c 

ChuMcEvers 
Hamilton  TouBg 
Theophylact  Bache 
Henry  Van  Vleck 
William  Lupton 
Theodrs  Van  Wyck 
Inac  Roosevelt 
J&cobus  Van  Zandt 
WmSheriff 

1772.    April  8.  Read  in  Council 


RIchd  Maitlandt  Attv 
W.  McAdam 
6:  Maturin 
Stepn  Kemble 
James  Phyn 
Adam  Gilkriat 
Saml  Deall 
William  Gockburn 
by  order 


"Wm  Walton 
Jacob  Waltdk  . 
J:  W:  Harris  Cnger 
Oerard  Walton 
Jobn  De  Lancey 
Fred:  De  Peyster  for 

self  k  Doctr  Jpo  Jones 
Fredk  V.  Corttandt 
Garret  Bapa\J« 


CIVIL  OFFICERS  FOR  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

A  Nomination  for  the  Civil  Autliority  in  the  County  of 
l)erland  in  the  Province  of  New  York  1772. 


Cum- 


! 


Thomas  Chandler 
Joseph  Lord 
Samuel  Wella 

Noah  Sabin 
William  Willard 
Thomas  Chandler  Junr 
James  Rodgers 
Stephen  Greenlcaf    ' 
Wm  Williams 
John  Bridgeman 

Nathan  Stone 
Simeon  Stevens 
Ephraim  Ranneey 
Samuel  Nichols 
Zadock  AVright 
David  Stone 
Jonathon  Barch  and 
Hatch 

John  Chandler  Clerk 
Elias  Olcott  Coroner 
Daniel  Whipple  H:  Sheriff 


Judges  &c 


Assistant  Justices  bo. 


K;, 


) 


'  Justices  of  7»  PeM* 


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CONTROVKRSY   AE8PECTIN6   THE 


WZ. 


•*      V 


a  „  •  ■ 


ACCOUNT  OF  THE  TEMPER 

OP  tHC  RIOTERS  IN  THE  EASTERN  PARTS  OF  THE  PROVINCE 

In  €k)uncil  1 5  April  1772 
His  Excellency  communicated  to  th«  Board  two  Letters  he 
had  received  from  John  Munro  Esq'  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices 
of  the  peace  for  the  County  of  Albany:  One  dated  28">  March 
acquainting  his  Excellency  that  lie  had  proceeded  dgainst  one 
of  the  worst  men  among  the  Riotors,  and  should  liave  had  him 
secured  in  Goal,  had  he  had  the  Assistance  of  Ten  Men  that 
would  have  taken  arms  and  obeyed  his  orders,  but  that  they  all 
run  into  tlie  Woods  when  they  ought  to  have  resisted;  that  two 
Constables  behav'd  well  during  the  whole  Time,  and  that  he 
has  transmitted  a  full  account  of  liis  proceedings  to  the  Attorney 
General  who  will  wait  on  liis  Excellency  with  it — That  he  is 
greatly  distress'd  having  no  other  Assistance  thai>  his  own  Ser- 
vants to  defend  his  person  and  property,  and  his  House  sur- 
rounded every  Night  by  the  Rioters,  firing  their  Guns  &€»  and 
that  he  has  Reason  to  be  thanlifuU  to  Divine  providence  for  their 
preservation,  as  liad  they  not  acted  with  Spirit  and  Resolution, 
they  should  all  have  been  kill'd  on  tlie  spottj  for  liaving  got  but 
a  small  Hole  in  the  Door,  one  of  the  Rioters  run  his  pistol  through 
and  Snapt  it  at  his  Breast,  and  after  they  got  into  tlie  House  he 
flash'd  it  at  his  Servant  who  was  going  up  stairs  after  liiin, 
and  fired  at  the  Constable  who  took  him.  And  that  he  hopes 
his  Excellency  will  loose  no  Time  in  affording  him  such  Relief 
as  the  Nature  of  the"  Case  may  require — And  thje  other  of  the 
said  Letters  dated  the  6'»>  Instant,  in  which  the  said  M'  Justice 
Munroe  informs  his  Excellency,  that  the  Rioters  in  that  part  of 
the  Country  are  listing  Men  daily,  and  offer  £16  Bounty  to  every 
Man  that  joins  with  them,  and  thus  Strike  Terror  into  the  whole 
Country — That  they  have  too  many  Friends  in  the  Country 
owing  to  self  Interest,  and  that  he  Is  afraid  of  the  Consequences 
every  Moment,  as  he  cannot  find  any  Justice  or  one  Officer  now, 
that  will  act  or  say  against  them.  That  he  is  almost  wore  out 
with  Watching,  and  that  nothing  saves  him  but  tlie  Figure  he 
makes  about  his  House  with  Arms  &c*. 


•  ♦ 


HE  PROVINCC 


:£)     NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GEAKTf. 


777 


I^ames  and  Persons  who  rescued  Remembei  Backer  produced 
in  CouncU  the  SBt"  May  1772:. 


joiephBrtdley 
Lemuel  Bradley 
jesM  Sawyer 
Isaac  Yannonum 
Abel  Castle  Jun 


CurtiH  Ha^rley 
EHsha  Sherman 
Filow  Hurlbat 
Abijah  Hard 
Ebenezer  Wallis 


John  Whtston 
Austin  Seela 
Justice  Sherwood 
Caleb  Henderson  ' 


-i»^ 


EXAMINATIOIi  AS  TO  THE  RIOTS  AT  BENNINGTON. 

In  Council  May  9th  1772. 

Hazard  Wilcox  of  Bennington  in  the  County  of  Albany 
attending  without,  was  called  in,  and  being  examined  touching 
th^  Riots  and  Disorders  in  that  part  of  the  Country,  declared 
that  he  lived  on  the  patent  of  Wallumschack  about  seventeen 
Miles  from  Hudson's  River,  and  that  he  understood  the  present 
Riotous  disposition  and  Conduct  of  the  people  there,  to  pro- 
ceed from  their  Claims  to  the  apil  under  the  Grants  of  New 
Hampshire;  that  many  he  was  of  opinion  would  be  willing  to 
purchase  Titles  iinder  this  Government  to  the  Lands  they  have 
improved,  but  were  detered  by  the  Majority  who  are  of  the 
contrary  opinion,  and  seem  determined  to  hold  their  possessions 
by  Force,  and  that  among  their  principal  Leaders  are  James 
Breakenridge,  Jedediah  Dewey  and  Stephen  Faey. 

The  said  Hazard  Wilcox  being  withdrawn,  and  the  Board  taking 
into  Consideration  the  prest  .'i;  State  of  that  part  of  the  Oountry, 
and  being  unwilling  to  adopt  severe  Measures  w'lile  there  is 
any  prospect  that  lenient  Methods  may  prove  successful,  humbly 
advised  his  Excellency  to  signify  to  the  principal  persons  among 
the  said  Inhabitants,  that  they  should  lay  before  las  Excellency 
in  Council  the  Causes  of  their  Illegal  proceedings  who  are  dis- 
posed to  examine  into  the  Grounds  of  their  Behaviour  and 
discontent,  and  as  far  as  is  in  their  power,  to  give  them  such 
Relief  as  the  Nature  of  their  situation  and  Circumstances  will 
justify,  and  assuring  them  of  full  security  and  protection  to  any 
persons  whom  they  shall  send  hither  for  that  purpose,  from  the 
Time  they  leave  their  House  to  their  Return.  io 


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OOKTBOVEIUIY    RCSPECTIirG   THE 


ml 

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MM| 

mM^' 

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i*    ! 


ARMED  ORGANIZATION  OF  THE  BENNINGTON  RIOTERS. 

In  Council  May  ipth  1772. 

His  ExceUency  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  to  him 
from  M'  Justice  Mnnroe  of  the  3«i  Instant,  with  a  Letter  from 
Ebenezer  Cole  to  M'  Munroe  of  the  2^  Instant,  whereby  it 
appears  that  the  Rioters  had,  brought  to  Bennington  two  pieces 
of  Cannon  and  a  Morter  piece  from  the  small  Fort  at  East  Hoseck 
with  powder  and  Ball,  and  were  making  great  preparations  for 
their  pefence,  giving  out  that  a  Body  of  Regulars  were  on  their 
March  against  them.  And  that  Remember  Baker  and  liis  party, 
went  the  day  before  to  the  House  of  Bliss  Willoughby,  and  cut 
him  in  a  barbarous  manner. 

His  Excellency  then  communicated  to  the  Board  the  Draft  of 
a  Letter  he  had  wrote  and  intended  to  forward  to  some  of  the 
Rioters  in  pursuance  of  the  Resolution  of  this  Board  at  their 
last  meeting,  which  being  read  and  approved  of,  was  Ordered  to 
be  forwarded  by  Letter  from  the  Deputy  Clerk  of  the  Council 
to  the  Sherif  of  Albany,  with  directions  to  him  to  deliver  it  with 
his  own  Hands  to  M' Dewey  or  in  Case  of  his  Absence  to  any 
principal  Inhabitant  of  Bennington. 


GOV.  TRYON  TO  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  BENNINGTON. 

*  [Slide's  yennontP»p«]n.] 

New  York,  May  19'h  1772. 
Gentlemen, 

The  many  violent  and  illegal  acts  you  have  lately  committed 
against  the  peace  and  good  order  of  this  Province,  of  which  I 
have  .frequent  proofs  and  informations,  at  the  same  time  that  they 
are  not  only  a  reproach  to  yourselves,  but  dangerous  and  injurious 
to  your  families  and  interests,  cannot  fail  of  being  highly  oifeosive 
to  your  Sovereign.  You  may  depend,  a  perseverance  in  your 
disobedience  to,  and  violations  of,  tlie  Laws  of  your  Country, 
must  soon  draw  forth  against  you  the  exertions  of  the  Powers 
of  Government.    However,  being  sincerely  desirous  on  my  part. 


i*    ' 


.  ( 


fGTON  RIOTERS. 

May  l^'h  1772. 
i  a  Letter  to  him 
ith  a  Letter  from 
itant,  whereby  it 
ington  two  pieces 
ort  at  East  Hoseck 
t  preparations  for 
liars  were  on  their 
aker  and  his  party, 
illoughby,  and  cut 

Board  the  Draft  of 
rd  to  some  of  the 
his  Board  at  their 
of,  was  Ordered  to 
>rk  of  the  Council 
m  to  deliver  it  with 
Is  Absence  to  any 


BENNINGTON. 


May  19n>  1772. 

lately  committed 
)vince,  of  which  I 
same  time  that  they 
erous  and  injurious 
ng  highly  olFensive 
•severance  in  your 

of  your  Country, 
ons  of  the  Powers 
esirousonmypart. 


NEW  HAMPBHimC  ORAim. 


779 


to  avoid  compulsive  measures,  while  lenient  methods  may  prove 

gaccessful ;  I  esteem  It  my  duty  to  write  you  to  lay  before  this 

government  the  causes  of  your  illegal  proceedings,  and  it  is  with 

the  concurrence  and  advice  of  His  Majesty's  council,  that  I  send 

you  this  invitation,  who,  with  me,  are  disposed  to  examine  into 

the  grounds  of  your  behaviour  and  discontent,  with  deliberation 

and  candor,  and  as  far  as  in  us  lies,  to  give  such  relief  as  the 

nature  of  your  situation  and  circumstances  will  Justify.    That 

there  may  be  no  obstruction  to  your  laying  before  me  in  Council, 

88  soon  as  possible,  a  fair  representation  of  your  conduct,  I  do 

hereby  engage  full  security  and  protection  to  any  persons  whom 

you  shall  choose  to  send,  on  this  business  to  New  York,  from  the 

time  they  leave  their  homes  to  the  time  of  their  return,  except 

Robert  Cochran,  as  also  Allen,  Baker  and  Sevill,  mentioned  in 

my  proclamation  of  the  9»»»  of  December  last,  and  Seth  Warner, 

whose  audacious  behaviour  to  a  Civil  Magistrate  has  subjected 

him  to  the  penalties  of  the  laws  of  his  Country.    I  am  told  M' 

WiUiam  Dewey,  a  Minister  of  tlie  Gospel,  James  Breakenridge 

and  M'  Fay,  are  persons  in  whose  Judgment  you  have  much 

confidence ;  I  should  therefore  think  they  would  be  your  proper 

Messengers  on  a  business,  in  which  you  are  so  deeply  concerned ; 

especially  M'  Dewey,  who  has  been  favorably  represented  here 

since  my  appointment  to  tlus   Government,     His   Majesty's 

Secretary  of  State  has  signified  to  me,  that  the  King  has  finally 

fixed  Connecticut  River  to  be  the  established  jurisdiction  between 

the  Government  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire. 

This  circumstance  I  mention  that  you  may  not  be  misled  or 
deceived  by  a  persuasion,  that  that  part  of  the  Country  you 
inhabit,  will  ever  be  annexed  to  the  Government  of  New 
Hampshire.  I  have  tliis  farther  motive  for  mentioning  the 
King's  final  decision,  that  by  your  receiving  this  authority,  of 
your  being  in  the  government  of.  New  York  I  am  hopeful,  your 
future  conduct  will  justify  me,  in  assuring  his  Majesty  of  your 
dutiful  obedience  to  his  royal  determination.  I  flatter  myself 
you  will  cheerfully  improve  this  final  offer  of  reconciling 
yourselves  to  this  Government.    I  am  your  friend 

Wm.  Tbtoh. 


\  . 

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:■ '  •   I  •» 


1 


JONATHAN  WHEAT'S  AFFIDAVIT. 

City  of  }hw  Yoilc,  88.    Jokatuam  Wheat  of  Shaftsbury  in 
the  County  of  Albany  Farmer  of  full  age,  being  duly  sMrotQ 
deposeth  and  saith,  that  he  hath  lived  with  his  Family  in  Shafts- 
bury  upwards  of  three  years  last  past  on  a  Lott  of  Land  which 
he  piu-oliased  under  the  Title  of  New  Hampshire,  but  which  is 
included  in  Major  Small's  Grant  Arom  this  Province— Tliat  he 
has  agreed  for  Major  Small's  Title.    That  it  was  well  linown 
among  the  People  in  tliat  Country  in  general  that  the  Deponent 
gave  a  Preference  to  the  Titles  under  the  Government  of  New 
York,  that  he  was  a  Friend  to  that  Government,  and  that  tho 
strongly  solicited  to  it,  lie  had  refused  to  join  the  Mob  Party  on 
which  account  they  had  taken  great  Dislike  to  him,  and  look'd 
on  him  as  their  Enemy.    That  apprehensive  of  Danger  if  ht 
dwelt  longer  among  them,  and  knowing  it  would  ruin  both  him 
and  his  Family  if  he  was  obliged  to  abandon  his  Farm,  he  went 
a  few  Days  before  he  left  Shaftsbury,  to  consult  and  ask  the 
advice  of  John  Bracket,  who  is  a  Person  living  in  Bennington 
an  acquaintance  of  his,  and  who  keeps  up  a  good  understanding 
with  the  People  on  both  sides,  and  to  endeavour  tliro  liis  Means 
to  obtain  Protection  from  the  violences  of  the  Mob.     That  I 
Bracket  informed  him  the  Persons  who  committed  those  Violences 
were  not  the  People  to  apply  to  for  Protection.    Tliat  the  Depo- 
nent then  asked  Bracket  how  long  time  it  would  require  to  make 
application  for  this  Purpose   to  the  proper  Peisons.    That 
Bracket  answered,  Brakenridge  was  gone  from  home  ;  that  the 
Deponent  then  asked  Bracket  how  far  he  Bracket  must  go  to 
apply  or  speak  to  the  Head  Men.    That  Bracket  answered  hn 
must  go  beyond  the  Meeting  House,  by  which  the  Deponent 
understood  he  meant  to  go  to  Jedediah  Dewey  and  Jolin  Fasset, 
whoses  Houses  from  the  spott  the  Deponent  and  Bracket  were 
then  in,  stand  beyond  the  meeting.     That  the  Deponent  then 
ask'd  Bracket  if  he  did  not  mean  to  see  Landlord  Fay,  and 
whether  he  should  sec  the  two  Robinsons,  to  which  Bracket 
answered  in  the  Affirmative.    From  all  which  the  Deponent 
clearly  understood  that  Bracket  look'd  upon  James  Brakeuiidge, 


i 

1  i 


NEW   HABIPIHIRB  OmAlfTt. 


781 


jedediah  Dewey, John  Fasset,  Stephen  Fey,  Samuel  Robinson 

and  Moses  Robinson,  to  be  the  Persons  who  rul'd  and  governed 

the  Riotous  Party  at  Bennington  and  the  adjacent  Towns— That 

Braclcet  promised  to  go  the  next  Day  to  spcuic  to  theabovenamed 

Persons  as  the  Deponent  uailcrstood  and  to  give  the  Deponent 

^  Answer  but  did  not  go  and  the  Deponent  soon  after  having 

received  Information  firom  divers  Persons  that  he  was  threatned, 

and  that  they  fear'd  he  would  be  kill'd,  thought  it  beet  to  avoid 

the  Dunger,  and  left  Shaftsbury  on  Sunday  the  IV^  Instant, 

Inving  his  Family  who  had  not  been  threatned  behind  him. 

Ibat  he  does  not  intend  to  return  to  his  Family  until  be  thinks 

he  may  do  it  with  safety.    That  the  Deponent  since  his  Residence 

at  Shaftsbury  has  been  informed  of  frequent  Riots  and  Violences 

committed  by  the  People  of  Bennington  and  tlie  adjacent  Towns, 

except  Pownall  that  remains  quiet  and  peaceable;  That  the 

Riotous  Party  among  the  People  who  are  by  far  the  most  numerous 

appear  to  him  resolutely  bent  if  they  cannot  otherwise  keep 

their  Possessions,  to  defend  them  by  Force  of  arms.    That  they 

hold  the  authority  and  Government  of  New  York  in  great 

Contempt  and  will  not  su£fer  the  Magistrates  or  Civil  officers 

there  to  do  their  Duty  in  the  execution  of  their  offices  in  any 

Case  where  they  apprehend  the  least  Danger  of  their  bemg  taken 

to  answer  for  their  riotous  Proceedings. 

Jonathan  Wheat. 

Sworn  Before  his  Excellency  the  Governor 

in  Council  the  29'"  Day  of  May  1772.  ,.y 

and  Before  me 

Dan:  Horsmanden.      ». 


u 


I 


^I 


n 


4 


'»"!!;  7 


FURTHER  MINUTE  OF  COUNCIL  RESPECTING  THE 

RIOTERS. 

t  ^'l       In  Council  June  3'J  1772. 
His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  of  the 
22''  ultimo  from  Benjamin  Spencer  Esquire  one  of  his  Majesty's 
Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  County  of  Albany,  informing  his 


;i 


ML 


792 


COrTROVERSY  KESPKCTIM6  THE 


^."•v*  a 


Excellency  of  the  Riotous  spirit  which  now  pvevails  among  the 
people  seated  under  Title  derived  from  the  Province  of  New 
Hampshire — That  the  Inhabitants  of  Durham,  the  place  of  his 
own  Residence,  are  daily  threatned  to  be  driven  off  their 
possessions,  the  House  he  lives  in  to  be  Burnt,  and  that  he  is 
obliged  to  confine  himself  at  Home,  as  he  cannot  with  safety  go 
from  thence  to  transact  his  Business — ^As  also  a  Deposition 
therein  inclosed  of  Joseph  Pringle  taken  before  M'  Justice 
Spencer.  And  the  same  being  read  the  said  Joseph  Pringle  who 
attended  without,  was  called  in,  and  being  examined  at  the 
Board  his  Deposition  was  ordered  to  be  taken  and  sworn  to 
before  M'  Chief  Justice  Horsmanden. 

His  Excellency  then  communicated  to  the  Board,  a  Letter 
from  Major  Philip  Skene  dated  the.  28U>  ulto  advising  that  M' 
Fay  and  several  others  had  been  with  him,  and  brought  a  Copy 
of  his  Excellency's  Letter  of  the  19th  of  May,  and  that  they 
promise  to  wait  on  his  Excellency  immediately  after  they  have 
communicated  the  Contents  oi  the  Letter  to  the  people  of  Ben- 
nington and  the  adjacent  Country  on  the  East  side  of  Hudson's 
River. 


PETITION  OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  GUILFORD. 


To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  Captain 
General  and  Governor  in  Chief  in  and  over  the  Pro- 
'      vince  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  depending 
thereon  in  America  Chancellor  and  vice  Admiral  of 
the  same. 
The  Petition  of  David  Field,  Silah  Barnard  Thomas  Cut- 
.,        ler  Asa  Rice  Francis  Rice  Peter  Rice  Silas  Cutlar 
Jotham  Biglo  Shubeld  Bullock  and  Joel  BIglo  in  behalf 
of  themselves  and  their  associates  Inhabitants  of  the 
>^        Township  of  Guilford  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
and  Province  of  New  York. 
Most  Humbly  Sheweth. 
r  Tliat  your  Petitioners  and  their  associates  on  tie  second  day 


NEW  HAWPSUIRE  GRANTS.      |, 


783 


on  tie  second  day 


of  April  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  One  thousand  Seven  hundred 
and  Fifty  four  obtained  a  grant  from  the  Government  of  New 
Hampshire  for  the  said  .Guilford  Containing  Twenty  three  thou- 
sand and  forty  acr^s  of  land. 

That  in  pursuance  thereof  your  Petitioners  and  their  associ- 
ates settled  upon,  cultivated,  and  improved  the  same  at  a  very 
great  expence  conceiving  their  Title  to  be  good  until  after  the 
arrival  of  his  Majesty's  Royal  Order  in  his  Privy  Council  of  the 
Twentieth*  day  of  July  1764  declaring  "  the  West  Banks  of  the 
River  Connecticut  from  where  it  enters  the  Province  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Bay  as  fair  North  as  the  forty  fifth  degree  of  Northern 
Latitude  to  be  the  boundary  Line  between  the 'Provinces  of  New 
Yorlc  and  New  Hampshire." 

That  in  the  year  1765,  your  Petitioners  applied  to  Lieutenant 
Gk)Ternor  Golden  for  a  Grant  of  the  said  Township  of  Guilford, 
which  his  Honor  promised  they  should  have  as  soon  as  the 
sundry  Petitions  Then  presented  for  Lands  ia  that  part  of  the 
Country  came  under  consideration. 

That  your  Petitioners  in  the  year  1766  Presented  another 
Petition  to  His  Excellency  the  Late  Sir  Henry  Moore  Baronet 
Praying  a  Grant  and  Confirmation  under  the  Great  Seal  of  this 
Province  Tiiis  Petition  as  well  as  the  former  being  either  neglect- 
ed or  mislaid  your  Petitioners  presented  a  second  in  the  year 
following  but  with  the  like  ill  success. 

That  your  Petitioners'rested  some  years  without  further  appli- 
cation for  a  Grant  till  a  Patent  to  Colonel  Howard  comprehend- 
ing all  the  property  that  some  of  your  Petitioners  had  in  the 
world  induced  them  to  trouble  your  Excellency  with  Two  Peti- 
tions lately  presented,  one  praying  a  Grant  to  your  Petitioners 
and  their  associates  of  such  part  of  the  Township  of  Guilford  as 
is  not  included  within  Colonel  Howards  bounds  such  of  your 
Petitioners  as  reside  thereon  or  had  any  Claim  thereto  under 
the  New  Hampshire  Title  having  settled  with  and  given  up  or 
taicen  leases  from  Colonel  Howard.  And  the  other  Petition 
praying  for  a  Grant  of  Twelve  thousand  acres  of  Land  tlierein 
particularly  located  as  a  Compensation  for  the  Loss  they  sustained 
by  Colonel  Howards  grant.  .^a 

That  your  Petitioners  have  always  been  staunch  friends  to 


I     vl 


•j 


!| 


■f.. 


1  *. 


784 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


M- 


the  interest  of  this  Government  particularly  at  the  time  of  the 
unhappy  Riots  at  Windsor  and  in  the  year  1770  chearfully  sub- 
scribed a  Petition  to  our  Most  Gracious  Sovereign  then  circulat- 
ing in  this  Country  humbly  praying  that  the  Lands  westward 
of  the  River  Connecticut  in  the  Counties  of  Cumberland  and 
Gloucester  should  remain  to  the  Government  of  New  York  for 
the  truth  of  which  facts  they  beg  leave  to  refer  your  Excellency 
to  the  Gentleman  who  circulated  the  said  Petition,  one  of  whom 
is  now  at  New  York. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  confiding  in  your  Excellency's 
Humanity  and  the  Tenderness  of  the  Honourable  board  most 
humbly  pray  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  associates  that 
your  Excellency  will  be  favourably  pleased  to  Grant  to  your 
Petitioners  His  Majesty's  Letters  Patent  for  the  residue  of  the 
Township  of  Guilford  and  also  for  the  said  Tract  of  Twelve 
thousand  acres  in  the  Names 'of  the  respective  persons  menti6ned 
in  the  Schedule  sul^ined  to  their  former  Petition. 

SiLAH  Barnard 

Guilford  May  the  David  Field 

Eleventh  1772  Thomas  Cotlas 


SCHEDULE  of  the  names  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Township 

of  Guilford. 


David  Field  a  Wife  and  0  children 

James  Cntlar  Wife  k 

6  children 

Silab  Barnard 

(( 

6 

« 

Edward  Bennitt     <' 

8 

IC 

Thomas  Cutler 

It 

1 

II 

Gersbam  Rice         " 

7 

II 

Asa  Rice 

(( 

7 

C( 

Enoch  Stowell        " 

6 

((     ■ 

Francis  Rice 

(( 

6 

(C 

William  Nicholls    " 

8 

« 

Peter  Rice 

« 

4 

II 

Ebenezer  Goodenongh 

6 

(. 

Silas  Cutler 

« 

11 

(( 

David  Stowell        " 

4 

It 

Jotbam  Bido 

<( 

9 

II 

David  Goodenough  " 

1 

1% 

Alijah  Rice 
Abiah  Rogers 

II 

4 

(1 

Samuel  Nickolls     " 

6 

(« 

It 

8 

(( 

Paul  Chase             " 

2 

(( 

Daniel  Grew 

II 

7 

It 

William  Biglo         " 
Kathl  Smith          " 

8 

II 

Hezekiah  Howell 

II 

11 

u 

6 

« 

Shubeld  Bullock 

II 

8 

'  II 

John  Barney          " 

4 

l( 

Joel  Biglo 

II 

2 

II 

Edward  Barney      *' 

1 

II 

Micl  Rice 

II 

1 

II 

Levi  Goodenough  *' 

4 

It 

Nathl  Carpenter 

11 

8 

II 

Ithamer  Goodenough 

C 

It 

Daniel  Boyden 

II 

6 

(( 

Jonatlian  Hunt  No  Wife  or 

child 

Joel  Cutler    No  Wife 

7 

(( 

Sctb  Dwight            " 

(( 

Samuel  Mellendy 

a  Wife  6 

(( 

Samuel  Field           «' 

It 

Jedediah  Woods 

<( 

9 

<( 

William  Morris       " 

It 

Moses  Bixby  No  Wife 

6 

II 

Matthew  Clesson     « 

II 

it  the  time  of  the 

70  chearfully  sub- 

eign  then  circulat- 

e  Lands  westward 

f  Cumberland  and 

t  of  New  York,  for 

jr  your  Excellency 

ition,  one  of  whom 
• 

your  Excellency's 
curable  board  most 
heir  associates  that 
1  to  Grant  to  your 
the  residue  of  the 
d  Tract  of  Twelve 
e  persons  menti6ned 
itition. 
SiLAH  Barnard 
David  Field 
Thomas  Cdtlaa 


MKW  HAMPSmRC  ORAMTS. 


785 


n 

<< 

(. 
(( 
« 


It 


EbeneEer  Barnard    No  Wife  or  Child 

Joseph  Barnard       "  " 

Obadiah  Dickenson  " 

Samuel  Barnard  Junr 

Charles  Coats  " 

James  Morris 

Samuel  Partridge 

DaTld  Wells 

jUrott  Scott 

John  Allen  Junr 

Richard  Crouch 

John  Cbaddick 

James  Boyd 

Elijah  Williams 

Eleaser  Hawker 

John  Curtis 

John  Chaddick  Jur  " 

NithlWillard         " 

Benj:  Green    aWife^ 

Natbl  Green 

Timothy  Paino 

Benj:  Egar 

Peter  Green 

Sarall  Williams 

John  Curtis 

Ebenezer  Curtis 

George  Price 

Thos  Woolslcy 

John  Camps 

Wm  Larkin 

Joseph  Jackson 

David  Ayers 


(( 
(( 
(( 
tt 
n 

€t 
It 
U 
tt 

It 
tt 


tt 
tt 
tt 


„^i.«  .   6  children 

No  Wife  or  child 

Wife  &  2  children 

No  Wife  or  child 

Wife  «c  8  chUdren 
tt      ^       It 

«      g       tt 

tt         9  (( 

No  Wife  or  child 

No  Wife  or  child 

Wife  tt  8  children 

"      6        " 

tt      5        tt 

«      9       « 


David  Ayers  "      » 

David  Ayers  Jur  No  Wife  or  child 
Jonathan  Penney     "  ** 

JohnShepardson  Wife  k  11  ehijldren 
Zephaniah  Shej  irdflon   4       " 


Benja  Carpenter  Wt&  k  6  clUldren 
Benja  Preston  "      4        " 

Daniel  Wliitaker      "      6        " 
Caleb  Cole  "      3        •' 

John  Tlffl  No  Wife  or  cliild 

Daniel  Lynds       Wife  k  4  children 


Joshua  Nurs 
William  White  ' 
Zacheus  Farnsworth 
Giles  Hubl)ert  ' 

Jedediah  Woodji     < 
Barnabas  Russel       ' 
Oliver  Wilson 
Benoni  Smitji 
Josiah  Soott 
Henry  Hicks 
Abel  Tory 
Amos  Whiting 
Ephraim  Whiting 
Saml  Beunit 
David  Weeks 
Seth  Whitaker 
John  Gaits 
SamtieV  Melody 
Willm  Ramsdail 
Wm  Bullock 
Merodock  Zell 
Josiah  Allen 
James  King 
Aquilla  Gleuelaod 
Saml  Allen 
David  Joy  Esqr 
James  Dennis 
Menassa  Bigshy 
Jasper.  Fartri^ 


2 
6 
7 
8 
7 
2 


tt 


No  Wife  or  child 
Wif«  k  7  children 

«      2  '* 

tt      1  (( 

tt      2  '< 

tt      5  ({ 

8  * 

1  « 
8  " 
5  " 
8  •' 
9.  " 

2  " 


Smith  9       « 


■i^ 


tt 


6 
5 
4 
8 
6 
8 
2 
1 


tt 

tt 


■|,i««>. 


0- 


wesQpit    _^ 


tsof  the  Township 


1772    June  9^1^  Read  in  Council  &  } 
referred  to  a  Committer.         ^ 


f'-\h 


Wife  k     6  children 


tt    " 

8 

tc 

(( 

7 

<( 

I     " 

6 

«    • 

)118     " 

8 

i( 

lenoQgh 

6 
4 

t. 

DUgh" 

1 

lis     " 

6 

•  * 

i( 

2 

(( 

t( 

8 

c< 

tt 

6 

(1 

tt 

4 

i( 

Ugh     '« 

1 

(( 

4 

(1 

lenough 

G 

tt 

it  No  Wife  or 

child 

« 

i< 

is       •' 
son     " 

II 
« 

Uemorandvm  of  Townsl^ips  formerly  Granted  under  New  Hamp 
shire  and  since  confirmed  by  Letters  Patent  under  the  Great 
Seal  of  the  Province  of  Now  York. 


Brattleborough 
New  Fane 
Putney 

Westminister 
Cheater 


89ringae]4 

Hartford 

Windsor 

Reading 

Woodstock 


Saltash 

Cavendish 

Newbury 

Corinth 

Wethersfield 


Townships  for  wliich  Confirmations  have  not  issued  altho  long 
since  advised  to  be  granted. 


Ealifaz 
Fuilum 
Thetford 
Fairly 


Vol.  it. 


^  t^m 


Barnet 
Stockbridge 
Bernard 
Tomlinson 


60 


Winhall 
Wallingford 
Bridgwater 
Sharon 


I 


766 


OOMTBOTKRST  RESPECTING  THE 


List  of  Townships  formerly  granted  by  New  Hampshire  for 
which  applications  have  been  made  by  petitions  to  the  Govern- 
ment of  New  Yorlc  praying  Confirmations  of  the  Said  Town- 
ships under  the  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  York  and  which 
petitions  were  on  tlie  15'*>  Day  of  June  1772  advised  to  be 
granted  whenever  his  Majesty's  Instructions  will  permit  Grants 
to  be  made  of  said  Townships 

Maidstone 

Norwich 

Lunenburgb 

Andover 

Pomfret 

Stratton 

Sbewsbury 


Guilford 

Strafford 

Wilmington  or  Draper 

Ryegate 

Marlborough 

Peacham 

Ludlow 

Topsham 

Kockingbam 

Tunbridge 

Vew  Stanifcrd  - 

Limington 

Winebead         ,^ 

AreriU 

ORDER  RESPECTING  THE  SUFFERERS  BY  THE  BENJilNG- 

TON  RIOTERS. 

•  *  In  Council  June  25"'  1772. 

A  memorial  of  Benjamin  Spencer,  Jacob  Marsh,  Ebenezer 
Cole,  Bliss  Willoughby  and  Jacob  Pringle,  in  behalf  of  them- 
selves and  other  freeholders  and  Inhabitants  of  the  Counties  of 
Albany  and  Charlotte,  was  laid  before  the  Board  and  Read,  set- 
ting forth  the  distresses  of  the  People  in  that  part  of  the  Country 
arising  from  the  Riotous  proceedings  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Ben- 
nington and  of  that  vicinity  :  And  praying  his  Excellency 
would  take  into  Consideration  their  distressed  situation,  and 
grant  them  all  that  Relief  and  Countenance  and  Protection,  which 
their  present  Circumstances  require,  and  which  as  faithful  and 
obedient  Subjects  they  have  just  reason  to  expect  from  the 
Wisdom  and  Justice  of  Government.  <v 

Ordered  that  the  Consideration  of  the  said  Petition  be  deferd 
until  the  next  meeting  of  the  Board.  , 


■"Vl9»'15rw^ 


»  ,♦ 


REPORT  OF  COUNCIL  ON  THE  DISORDERS  AT  BENNINGTON. 

In  Council  June  1»'  1772, 
M""  Smith  from  the  Committee  to  whom  by  order  of  the  29'^ 
of  June  last,  were  referred  the  Letter  of  19"»  of  June  last,  from 
the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and  that  Vicinity,  and  the  several 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


787 


lYTHEBENNING- 


id  Petition  be  deferd 


papers  mentioned  in  the  said  Order  relative  to  the  Disorders  and 
Disturbances  at  Bennington  and  the  Towns  adjacent  thereto 
presented  to  liis  Excellency  the  Report  of  tlie  said  Committee 
thereupon,  whicn  being  read  was  on  the  question  being  put 
agreed  and  approved  of,  and  Stephen  Fay  and  Jonas  Fay  with 
the  other  persons  who  attended  at  the  Board  on  the  29^^  of  June 
were  called  in  and  the  Report  Read  in  their  presence,  and  they 
being  withdrawn. 

It  is  ordered  that  the  said  Report  be  entwed  in  the  Minutes, 
arid  the  Council  humbly  advised  his  Excellency  to  deliver  to  the 
parties  an  extract  of  so  much  of  the  said  Report,  as  relates  to 
the  Conditions  to  be  observed  by  the  parties  on  both  sides : 
Which  Report  is  in  the  words  following — 

I^AY  IT  PLEASE  YOUR  EXCELLENCY. 

Among  the  Papers  referr'd  byyout  Excellency  to  tliis  Commit- 
tee for  their  Report,  is  an  answer  to  your  Excellency's  Letter  of 
the  19^''  May  last,  calling  on  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and 
the  Towns  Adjacent,  for  the  Reasons  of  their  late  illegal  and 
unjustifiable  conduct  in  dispossessing  by  Force  and  Violence  the 
Sellers  who  had  quietly  and  Peaceably  seated  themselves  under 
the  Grants  of  this  Province. 

In  this  answer  which  is  dated  the  19'h  of  June  Instant,'  it  is 
urged  in  Behalf  of  those  Towns,  tliat  they  hold  the  Lands  they 
possess  by  virtue  of  Grants  made  by  the  Province  of  New  Hamp- 
ghire— That  they  deem'd  the  soil  to  be  within  the  Jurisdiction 
of  that  Government  until  the  year  1764,  when  hi§  Majesty,  was 
pleased  to  declare  the  Western  Banks  of  Connecticut  River  to 
be  the  Boundary  between  his  two  Colonies  of  New  York  and 
New  Hampshire.    That  the  Property  in  the  soil  was  not  altered, 
but  the  Jurisdiction  only  established  by  the  said  Order — That 
since  the  said  Order  sundry  Grants  have  been  made  by  this 
Government  on  the  Lands  granted  to  the  Claimants  under  New 
Hampshu-e,  which  they  conceive  to  be  contrary  to  the  Prohibi- 
tion contained  in  his  Majesty's  Instructions  to  his  Governor  of 
this  Province — That  the  proprietors  of  such  Grants  had  brought 
repeated  ejectments  to  dispossess  the  Settlers  under  New  Hamp- 

1  For  this  lettffr  see  Slade's  Vermont  State  papers,  p.  23.  where  It  is  dated  6th 


f  I 


W89 


CONTROVEBST   BB8PECTIKG  THE 


P  '.'*  '£ 


i>>    it, 


f*.^  H 


It*  f 


li'  r"      f' 


shire,  whose  proofs  on  Trials  of  their  Titles,  Tho*  taken  from 
authentic  Records,  were  rejected,  and  sufficient  Time  refused  to 
be  allowed  for  collecting  Evidence  to  support  their  Cause,  con- 
trary as  they  think  to  the  Laws  and  usages  of  this  Province 
Tliat  many  persons  have  been  groundlessly  accused  and  indicted 
as  Rioters  and  thereby  greatly"  harassed  and  distress'd  by  Impris- 
onment, unreasonable  Costs  and  long  and  unnecessary  attendance 
particularly  one  Man,  who  had  attended  eight  Courts  successively 
without  being  discharged  from  his  Bonds — ^And  that  as  the 
Matter  in  Contest  is  now  Ijefore  his  Majesty  in  his  privy  Council 
they  earnestly  pray  your  Excellency  to  quiet  them  in  their 
Possessions  uiltil  his  Majesty  shall  be  graciously  pleased  to 
determine  the  Controversy. 

Could  we  think  it  necessary  to  enter  on  a  Refutation  of  Facts 
unsupported  by  Proof,  and  grounded  merely  on  the  suggestion 
of  the  parties  accused,  the  committee  must  unavoidably  suspend 
their  Inquiry  as  to  what  relates  to  the  Prosecutions  and  Eject- 
ments in  Question  until  the  Return  of  the  Judges,  the  Attorney 
General,  the  Clerk  of  the  Crown,  and  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Bar 
now  absent  on  the  Northern  Circuit,  from  whom  the  proper 
Information  as  to  these  Matters  can  only  be  obtained ;  and 
We  beg  leave  to  refer  your  Excellency  for  such  Information  to 
the  Judges  and  oflBtcers  of  the  several  Courts. 

His  Majesty's  Order  declaring  tlte  Limits  of  the  two  Provinces, 
i»  dated  the  20*'«  Jidy  1764,  and  on  its  arrival  which  was  not 
unty  about  the  10<*  April  1765,  was  communicated  by  the 
Governor  to  the  Council,  and  a  Proclamation  issued  on  that  Day 
notifying  the  same  throughout  the  Province — Tn  Consequence 
whei-eof  numerous'  applicatroiis  were  made  principally  by  re- 
duced officers,  and  some  by  Ms  Majesty's  subjects  of  tin's 
Province  for  Lands  on  the  East  side  of  Hudson's  River ;  and  that 
no  Setler  wnderNew  I^ampshirem^ht  be  dispossessed  by  Grants 
in  that  Quarter,  this  Government  thought  fit  by  Order  sn  early 
as  the  22«J  of  May  1760,  to  direct  that  the  Surveyor  General 
should  make  no  Return  on  any  Warrant  of  Survey  then,  or 
which  might  thereafter  come  to  his  Hands,  of  any  Lands  possessed 
under  the  Grant  of  New  Hampshire,  unless  for  the  persons  in 
actual  Possession  thereof. 


Tho'  taken  from 
t  Time  refused  to 
their  Cause,  con- 
of  this  Province, 
used  and  indicted 
tress'd  by  Impris- 
essary  attendance, 
Jonrts  successively 
•And  that  as  the 
his  privy  Council, 
let  them  in  their 
Biously  pleased  to 


'  the  two  Provinces, 
ral  which  was  not 
nmnnicated  by  the 
issued  on  that  Day 
e — In  Consequence 
principally  by  re- 
s  subjects  of  this 
jn's  River ;  and  that 
ipossessed  by  Grants 
t  by  O^dcr  so  early 
Surveyor  General 
of  Survey  then,  or 
any  Lands  possessed 
for  the  persons  in 


H     JNKW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


<S[80 


Several  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grantees  availing  themaelvee 
of  this  Order,  applied  for  and  obtained  Grants  of  t)ie  Farins 
they  had  setled  and  improved,  while  others  confiding  in  the 
Validity  of  their  New  Hampshire  Titles,  rejected  the  Offer  with 
Contempt,  as  appears  by  one  of  the  Depositions  referred  to  us, 
wherein  it  was  declared  that  Samuel  Robinson  in  the  Fall  of  the 
Year  1765,  made  application  in  Behalf  of  himself  and  the  othiar 
Inhabitants  of  Bennington  for  a  confirmation  of  that  Township, 
but  this  part  of  the  8.aid  Township  being  included  within  the 
Patent  of  Wallumschack,  prior  in  Date  to  any  Gr^nt  of  New 
Hampshire  Westward  of  Connecticut  Riv^r,  Lieutenant  Governor 
Ck)lden  told  Robinson  other  Lands' should  be  granted  as  a  Com- 
pensation for  what  they  might  loose  by  that  Patent,  which  he 
declined;  and  that  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  soon  after 
came  to  a  rBSolution  to  prevent  any  survey  of  their  Township, 
and  to  support  their  Possessions  by  Force  even  against  any 
Judgment  at  Law. 

As  a  farther  Manifestation  of  the  favourable  Intentions  of 
this  Government  towards  the  Grantees  of  New  Hampshire,  an 
Order  was  made  by  the  Governor  in  Council  tlie  6^*  June  1766, 
reciting  that  the  Board  having  under  Consideration  sundry  peti- 
tions for  Lands  lying  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River, 
which  were  formerly  granted  by  liCtters  Patent  linger  the  Se^l 
ef  the  Province  of  New  Hampsliire,  but  which  were  tjie^ 
actually)  and  did  by  his  Majesty's  said  Order  of  the  20*i  July 
17&4  appear  to  lie  within  the  Limits  of  this  Province,  calUi^ 
upon  all  Persons  holding  or  claiming  Lands  under  such  Grants, 
to  appear  by  themselves  or  their  Attornies  and  produce  the 
same,  together  with  all  Deeds  Conveyances  or  other  Instruments 
by  which  they  derived  any  Claim  to  the  said  Lands,  and  declar- 
ing that  the  Claims  of  such  as  should  not  appear  and  support 
the  same  within  the  space  of  thi'ee  Months,  should  be  rejected: 
which  order  was  notified  by  its  Insertion  three  weeks  success- 
ively, in  one  of  the  public  News  Papers  printed  in  this  Colony. 
The  Grants  of  New  York  which  comprehend  any  part  of  the 
Lands  of  Bennington,  are  the  Wallumschack  Patent  dated  in 
1739,  the  patent  of  Schneyder  dated  the  24i»>  March  1762,  and 
the  patent  of  Micha^  Sc^fdlata  «  reduced  Staff  Officer  date4 


»'» 


If 
III 


vi'-M 


14. 


il 


a 


.,  I 


w 


^ 


790 


COMTROVERST  RESPXCTIMG  THE 


the  30U>  Maj  1765,  all  prior  to  the  application  made  in  behalf 
of  the  Bennington  proprietors.  The  last  of  these  is  subse- 
quent but  a  few  Days  to  the  order  of  the  22^  May  1765,  in 
favor  of  the  New  Hampshire  settlers,  but  the  survey  of  that 
Tract  must  have  been  prior  to  that  order,  and  if  it  is  true  as 
DOW  alledged,  that  there  were  several  settlers  within  the  Limits 
of  that  Grant  at  the  Time  issued  we  doubt  not  this  Fact  was 
then  unknown  to  Government ;  For  whenever  such  settlements 
were  discovered  it  has  been  usual  to  reserve  the  Land  to  be 
g.'anted  to  the  Possessors,  who  in  many  Instances  refiised  to  permit 
their  Farms  to  be  surveyed,  and  have  hitlierto  declined  taking 
their  Grants,  which  nevertheless  remain  to  be  issued  when 
applied  for,  of  which  there  is  a  notorious  Instance  in  the  case 
of  Remember  Baker,  who  has  nevertheless  distinguished  himself 
as  a  Leader  in  the  late  violent  opposition  to  the  government  of 
this  Colony. 

The  Earliest  Instruction  restraining  tlie  Governor  of  this 
province  from  making  Grants  of  Lands  patented  by  New  Hamp- 
shire, bears  date  the  24»>»  July  1767,  and  the  Grants  which  prin- 
cipally affect  the  Claimants  whose  Case  is  now  under  our  Consider- 
ation, were  made*  prior  to^  the  date  of  that  Instruction,  and 
except  the  abovementioned  Patent  to  Schneyder,  and  the  Grant 
of  Prince  Town,  which  is  dated  the  21«*  of  May  1765  (antece- 
dent to  the  order  in  Favour  of  the  actual  occupants  under  New 
Hampshire)  are  almost  wholly  confined  to  Officers  and  Soldiers 
Intituled  to  his  Majesty's  Bounty,  by  virtue  of  the  Royal  Procla- 
mation of  the  7»»'  of  October  1763. 

To  prevent  the  people  of  New  Hampshire  from  extending 
their  Settlements  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  a  Proclama- 
mation  was  issued  the  28*''  of  July  1753,  when  few  if  any  had 
seated  themselves  there  under  that  Government.  In  1763  when 
the  first  Information  was  received  of  the  numerous  Grants  made 
t>y  New  Hampshire  and  that  no  one  might  plead  Ignorance  of 
the  Claim  of  this  Province,  a  like  Cautionary  Proclamation  was 
published  on  the  28*''  of  December  that  year,  at  which  Time 
the  Number  of  Settlers  on  the  contested  Lands  was  inconsiderable. 

His  Majesty's  Order  being  declarative  of  the  ancient  Boundary 
-  of  this  Province,  the  Courts  of  Justice  can  as  we  conceive  i 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  OBAMTS. 


791 


nttle  Regard  to  the  recent  Claim  of  New  Hampshire  to  Jurisdio- 
tion  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  but  this  Point  as  well  u 
the  legality  of  the  Grants  of  both  Governments  must  be  left  to 
the  Judgment  of  Law ;  We  shall  otily  observe,  that  the  Charters 
of  that  Province  appear  to  us  to  have  been  made  without 
express  Authority  from  the  Crown,  after  due  Notice  of  the 
ancient  Limits  of  this  Colony,  and  without  waiting  for  the  Royal 
Decission  as  had  been  stipulated  between  the  two  Governments : 
On  the  other  hand,  that  the  Grants  of  New  York  were  made 
under  very  different  Circumstances,  for  the  Royal  Patents  of  the 
Puke  of  York  left  no  Doubt  as  to  the  Eastern  Limits  of  this 
Colony,  and  many  of  the  Grants  of  New  York  were  made  even 
before  New  Hampshire  claim'd  Jurisdiction  as  far  as  to  Connec- 
ticut River,  and  (wliere  the  Grants  of  the  two  Provinces  inter- 
fere) our  Grants  rarely  extend  farther  Eastward  than  the  Ancient 
Patents  granted  by  this  Province. 

The  Townships  at  present  under  Consideration  are  confined 
to  a  small  District  more  immediately  connected  with  Hudson's 
River.    Tlie  Body  of  the  Inhabitants  lie  Eastward  of  these 
Towns,  are  obedient  to  the  Laws,  many  have  taken  and  the  rest 
are  in  general  soliciting  Confirmations  under  this  Government ; 
while  the  People  of  Bennington  and  that  vicinity,  are  Riotous 
and'Disorderly,  and  tho'  their  Number  is  at  present  considerable 
We  humbly  conceive  it  would  be  both  Impolitic  and  unreasona- 
ble to  apply  any  Remedy  to  them,  that  might  be  Injurious  to 
others,  and  its  Consequences  prove  a  source  of  perpetual  Contest 
and  Confusion.    Indeed  We  are  at  a  Loss  to  conceive  upon  what 
grounds  the  people  of  Bennington  and  that  neighborhood  can 
flatter  themselves  even  by  their  application  to  the  Crown,  with 
any  other  hope  than  of  obtaining  Confirmations  of  such  Parcels 
of  their  New  Hampshire  Grants  as  are  not  comprehended  in  any 
patents  under  this  Colony,  the  rights  of  the  New  York  patentees^ 
being  as  uncontrovertable  as  the  claim  of  this  province  to  the 
Jurisdiction  of  that  country,  and  the  Question  of  Property  deter- 
minable only  in  the  King's  Courts  of  Law.  ^ 

The  Committee  in  great  tenderness  to  a  deluded  people  who 
are  in  danger  of  forfeiting  the  Favour  of  the  Crown  by  resisting 
the  authority  of  the  Laws,  and  with  a  prospect  of  restoring 


m' 


♦f 


I 


1^ 


ii' 


\ . 


im 


CONTBOVfiHSV   RESPGCTINO   THE 


W' 


i"    I 


Fdace  in  that  District  Bre  nevertheless  desirous  that  your  Excel. 
knQy  should  afford  the  Inhabitants  of  these  Townships  all  the 
ReHef  in  your  Power,  by  suspending  until  his  Majesty's  pleasure 
shall  be  known,  all  prosecutions  on  Behalf  of  the  Crown,  on 
account  of  the  Crimes  with  which  they  stand  charged  by  the 
Depositions  before  us,  and  to  recommend  to  the  Owners  of  the 
contested  Lands  under  Grants  of  this  Province,  to  put  a  stop 
during  Uie  same  Period  to  all  Civil  Suits  concerning  the  Lands 
iu  Question,  and  to  agree  with  the  Setlers  for  the  purchase 
thereof  on  moderate  Terms.' 

And  the  Committee  are  humbly  of  opinion  that  your  Excel- 
lency do  adopt  Measures  so  extremely  lenient  on  their  submission 
to  the  following  Conditions. 

That  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and  the  adjacent  Towns 
concerned  in  the  late  Disorders,  conform  themselves  to  the  Laws 
of  this  Government — Tliat  the  Setlers  on  both  sides  shall  continue 
nndisturbed — and  that  such  as  huve  been  dispossessed  or  forced 
by  Threats  or  other  means  to  desert  their  Farms,  do  in  future 
enjoy  their  possessions  unmolested. 

And  on  Failure  of  the  Observation  of  these  Conditions  on  the 
part  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Towns,  that  your  Excellency 
do  take  all  such  legal  and  effectual  Measures  as  shall  be  thought 
necessary  to  bring  the  authors  of  the  late  Violent  Disorders  in 
that  part  of  this  province,  to  speedy  justice. 


o 


EEPORT  OF  A  PUBLIC  MEETING  AT  BENNINGTON. 


il; 


tl 


f>t 


At  a  public  meeting  held  at  the  Meeting  House  in 
Bennington  on  Wendesday  IS***  July  A.  D.  1772. 
Present  of  the  Committee  appointed  to  answer  His  Excellency 
William  Tryon  Esq'  Governor  of  the  province  of  New  York  to 
his  Letter  dated  New  York  19,  May  last,  &  directed  to  the 
Inhabitants  of  Bennington  &  the  adjacent  Country  on  the  East 
side  of  Hudson's  River. 
Captain  John  Fassett 


& 

Nathan  Clark 


for  Bennington. 


arms,  do  in  future 


s,wt  MBW  HAMMHIllE  QBAimi. 


793 


...,r  ...n  4- , 


Reuben  Harmon  for  Rupert. 
Daniel  Comstock  for  Sunderland. 
We  as  Messenger?  laid  before  the  above  Committee  an  Extract 
of  the  Minutes  of  His  Majesty's  Council  of  the  aforesaid  Pro- 
vince of  N.  York  tlie  2<i  Instant  together  with  Iiis  Excellency 
Gov'Tryon's  Letter  of  the  same  date  directed  to  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  Bennington,  &c  «nd  after  reading  the  same  to  the  above 
Committee  &  a  numerous  Concourse  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the 
adjacent  Country,  k  other  Spectators,  a  fUll  and  unanimous  rote 
was  given  in  favor  of  the  papers  aforesaid,  and  the  Thanks  of 
the  People  returned  to  us  for  our  Diligence  in  procuring  those 
Papers.  Peace  was  also  recommended  in  the  Whole  of  the 
New  Hampshire  Grants  by  -all  who  were  present;  when  the 
whole  Artillery  of  Bennington  with  the  small  arms  were  several 
Times  Discharged  in  Honor  to  the  (Jov»  &  Councill  of  N.  York, 
j^  which  the  following  Healths  were  drank.  b 

Health  to  the  King.  ^  .r 

Health  to  Gov'  Tryon. 
Health  to  the  Council  of  N.  York. 

Universal  peace  &  Pelenty  Liberty  &  Property^  By  sundry 
respectable  Gentlemen  some  of  Which  were  from  the  neighbour- 
ing Provinces. 

Stephen  Fay, 

r-  /  ,-    .  r, ,...,,;:-,  Jonas  Fay. 
Hie  above  is  a  true  Copy 

Stephen  Fat. 


1 


'I ! 


■ 


1   1 
I 


60V  TRYON  TO  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  BENNINGTON 


Albany  August  11»*  1772.  ^^ 
Gentlemen, 

At  the  same  time  I  express  to  you  my  satisfaction,  by  the 
opportunity  of  Mr.  Fay,  on  the  grateful  manner  in  which  you 
received  and  accepted  the  lenient  measures  prescribed  by  this 
government,  for  your  peaceable  conduct,  until  his  Majesty's 
pleasure  should  be  kuown,  respecting  the  disputed  claim  to  lands 
within  this  government,  I  cannot  conceal  from  you  my  high 


n' 


"i? 


794 


COHTAOVERIT   RMPCCTIirO   THB 


I-"-  : 


displeasure  at  the  breach  of  faith  and  honor,  made  by  a  body  of 
your  people,  In  dispossessing  several  settlers  on  Otter  Creek  and 
its  neighbourhood,  of  their  possessions,  during  the  very  time  the 
Commissioners  you  appointed  to  attend  me  at  J^eio  York  were 
waiting  the  determination  of  government  on  your  petition,  that 
you  might  remain  unmolested  in  your  possessions,  until  the 
King's  pleasure  be  obtained.  Such  disingenuous  and  dishonora- 
ble proceedings,  I  view  with  great  concern,  considering  them  as 
daring  insults  to  government,  a  violation  of  public  faith,  and  the 
conditions  granted  to  you  on  petition.  To  prevent,  thererore 
the  fatal  consequence  that  must  follow  so  manifest  a  breach  of 
public  confidence,  I  am  to  require  your  assistance,  in  putting 
forthwith,  those  families,  who  have  been  thus  dispossessed,  into 
re-possession  of  their  iands  and  tenements,  in  the  same  manner  in 
which  they  were,  at  the  time  Mr.  Fay  and  his  son,  waited  on  me 
at  JVeio  York.  Such  a  conduct  on  your  part,  will  not  fail  o' 
recommending  your  situation  to  his  Majesty,  and  insure  a  con- 
tinuance of  my  friendly  intentions  towards  you. 

Wm  Tryon. 
To  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington^  and  the  adjacent  Country. 


T-iV>"     ,-    fcfS 


ORDERS  ON  CERTAIN  LETTERS  RECEIVED  BY  THE 
COUNCIL  OF  NEW  YORK. 

In  Council  September  8«'«,  1772. 
His  Excellency  communicated  three  Letters  he  had  received 
from  John  Munro,  Esquire,  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the 
peace  for  the  County  of  Albany  dated  the  10*h  17»h  and  21" 
August  last,  also  a  Letter  of  the  20"»  of  the  same  Montli  from 
Ebenezer  Cole  and  Bliss  Willoughby,  respecting  the  Conduct  and 
Behaviour  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington,  and  the  other 
adjacent  Towns,  since  the  Hearing  before  his  Excellency  in 
Council,  and  the  opinion  of  this  Board  on  the  Petition  of  the  said 
Inhabitants  on  the  first  day  o^  July  last :  Which  lettew  were 
Read,  and  with  the  papers  referred  to  therein,  Ordered  to  be 
filed. 


MKW  HAMPaHIRK  ORAHTf. 


795 


His  Excellency  also  communicated  to  the  Board  a  T^etter  of 
the  'i^"'  August  last,  which  he  had  Received  from  the  Inhabitants 
of  Bennington  and  the  Towns  in  its  Neighbourhood,  offering 
Reason!  in  Justiflc  ation  of  their  late  Conduct,  in  dispossessing 
J  their  Habitations,  several  persons  setled  on  Otter  Creek,  during 
the  Time  the  Agentv  from  the  said  Townships  were  attending 
his  Excellency  and  waiting  the  Determinations  of  Government 
on  their  petition.'  Tlie  said  Letter  being  Read  was  Ordered  to 
lie  for  further  Consideration ;  and  it  appearing  that  .  he  persons 
go  dispossessed  were  seated  on  Lands  belonging  to  Colonel  Reid, 
It  is  Ordered  that  an  Extract  of  so  much  of  the  said  Letters  as 
relates  to  that  Subject,  be  delivered  to  him  for  his  Information. 


;  J : 


■ii 


• 


ji 


ngton,  and  the  other 


In  Council  29th  Sept'  1772. 
His  Excellency  laid  before  the  Board  a  Letter  from  Gloucester 
County  of  the  22<'  August  last,  giving  Information  of  the  Concer- 
tion  of  Measures  both  in  tlie  Massachusets  Bay  and  New  Hamp- 
shire for  exciting  petitions  to  his  Majesty  for  extending  the 
Jurisdiction  of  New  Hampshire  to  the  Westward  of  Connecticut 
River,  for  confirming  tlie  Grants  of  that  Colony  within  this 
Government,  and  for  vacating  the  Patents  under  the  Great  Seal 
of  this  Province  in  the  District  adjudged  to  belong  to  it  by  the 
Royal  Decision  of  July  1764:  And  his  Excellency  requiring  the 
Opinion  of  the  Council  as  to  that  Intelligence,  and  on  the  Letter 
communicated  to  and  Read  at  this  Board  on  the  8^  Instant  from 
the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and  its  Vicinity,  Justifying  their 
late  Conduct  in  dispossessing  sundry  persons  setled  near  Otter 
Creek  on  Lands  granted  and  held  under  this  Province — The 
Council  observed  that  these  riotous  and  disorderly  people  at  first 
confined  their  Claims  to  the  Lands  they  then  possessed  by  the 
Grants  of  New  Hampshire  and  were  but  few  in  Number,  at  the 
Time  his  Majesty's  Order  was  published  declaring  the  Western 
Banks  of  Connecticut  River  as  the  Limits  between  his  two  pro- 
vinces.   That  their  present  Claims  include  not  only  all  those 

1  For  this  letter  see  Slade,  80  ' 


^!iii 


!   .■ 


'706 


CQHTRjDVSR^y  RFJiPECTINO  -THE 


Ti^ 

#1 

'  > 

J*              ^ 

r'A 

h^ 

' 

»■     '] 

111- 

.. 

'^    ..^ 

■i  ■»-    i 

i 

4    '. 

!|^^  "-i"' 


|K1^ 

>i 

mf-'        ^i     *■  j 

i: 

f^      *        ''■" ' 

'         4.  ^ 

Rk**                   ( 

fe    '-  *    ^-*~  ^ 

^    -m 

T 

1 

«       ■                       * 

■k^ 

+     ? 

J 

*^           I    i 

J 

s 

'•M 

. '  i  ^ 

,    <f 

«?'.  \>  .' 

*      ^'1 

* 

4i 

^^    ''i 

'  1 

who  have  since  fieated  thenauselyes  in  that  part  of  the  Country 
but  that  tHieir  Coaducit  plainly  Evinces  their  Intention  to  suffer 
no  person  quietly  to  «Bjoy  hy  Titles  from  this  province  any  Lauds 
comprised  within  the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire,  Westward  of 
the  Green  Mountains,  altho'  only  a  very  small  part  of  that  exten- 
sive Territory  is  even  pretended  to  he  occupied  by  the  Claimants 
under  New  Hampshire — That  his  Excellency  in  pursuance  of 
the  Report  of  the  Committee  of  this  Board  of  the  !■*  of  July  jagt 
has  already  offered  them  Terms  much  more  JGivourdble,  than 
considering  the  Iteshness  and  Violence  of  their  past  Conduct 
ihey  could  Iiave  had  any  Reason  to  expect  (to  wit)  to  suspend 
until  his  Majesty's  pleasure  shall  be  known,  all  prosecutions  in 
behalf  of  the  Crown,  on  account  of  the  Crimes  with  which  stand 
charged;  and  to  recommend  it  to  the  Owners  of  the  contested 
Lands  under  Grants  of  this  province,  to  put  a  Stop  during  the 
same  period,  to  all  civil  Suits  concerning  the  Lands  in  Question 
and  to  agree  with  the  Setlers  for  the  purchase  thereof  on 
moderate  Terms ;  Exacting  no  other  Condition  on  their  part 
than  their  future  peaceable  and  quiet  behaviour — That  instead 
of  embracing  so  favourable  an  offer  with  Gratitude,  they  have 
again  perpetrated  fresh  acts  of  violence,  and  rendered  them- 
selves still  more  obnoxious  and  inexcusable.    That  there  is 
too  much  Reason  to  apprehend  that  so  pernicious  an  Example 
if  not  speedily  oheck'd  and  punished,  must  be  attended  with 
the  worst  Consequences,  by  bringing  the  Authority  of  Govern- 
ment into  Contempt  and  obstructing  the  Course  of  Justice.    And 
that  the  Board  consider  the  Letter  from  Bennington  as  highly 
insolent,  and  deserving  of  Sharp  Reprehension,  and  the  Inisinua- 
tion  that  the  Settlements  were  to  proceed  under  the  N'ew  Harap- 
ghire  Grants,  and  to  be  stayed  under  those  of  New  York  as 
utterly  without  any  Foundation.    The  Council  farther  observed 
to  his  Exellenoy  that  every  meer  act  of  executory  Government 
to  restrain  the  Patentees  of  this  Colony  from  improving  their 
Estates  would  be   unauthoratative,   and   flatly   repugnant  to 
the    Law,    as    well   as    against    tlie   Conditions  and  Terms 
expressed  in  their  patents,  and  directed  by  the  Royal  Instruc- 
tions.   And  that  the  Board  therefore  foresee  that  the  Endea- 
vours of  the  New  Hampshire  Grantees  to  increase  the  Num- 


rHE 

part  of  the  Country 
ir  Intention  to  suffer 
s  province  any  Lands 
ipdiire,  Westward  of 
ill  part  of  that  exten- 
pied  by  the  Claimants 
Qcy  in  pursuance  of 
ofthel't  of  July  last, 
lore  fevourable,  than 
f  their  past  Conduct, 
(to  wit)  to  suspend 
rn,  all  prosecutions  in 
mes  with  which  stand 
ner3  of  the  contested 
>ut  a  Stop  during  tk 
the  Lands  in  Question 
purchase  thereof  on 
ndition  on  their  part, 
laviour — That  instead 
I  Gratitude,  they  \\m 
,  and  rendered  tliem- 
sable.    That  there  is 
pernicious  an  Example 
lust  be  attended  with 
Authority  of  Govern- 
ourse  of  Justice.    And 
Bennington  as  highly 
hsion,  and  the  Inisinua- 
under  the  New  Hamp- 
those  of  New  York  as 
)uncil  farther  observed 
jxecutory  Government 
Y  from  improving  their 
flatly   repugnant  to 
bnditions  and  Terms 

by  the  Royal  Instruc- 
oresee  that  theEndea- 

to  increase  the  Nam- 


I 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.   Q 


797 


j^  of  their  Possessions  upon  the  controverted  Lands,  must 
speedily  create  Confusion  and  Bloodshed.  That  it  is  beyond: 
the  power  o^  the  Civil  Magistrate  to  put  a  Stop  to  this  Growing 
etilj  which  in  the  opinion  of  the  Board  cannot  be  effectually 
snppressed  without  the  aid  iof  the  Begiilar  Troops.  That  eveiy 
i^terial  Information  touching  this  Contest,  has  bieen  tmn!s«nitt«d 
jftd  no\V  lies  for  hiR'MaJesty'siCon&iid^Batiou.  And  that  ag  the 
Circumstances  of  the  Colony  afcsolutdy  require  ii.  The  Board 
0<  uuanitnofisly  of  opinion  that  his  Excellency  do  urge  his 
Majesty's  Ministers  the  necessity  ef  »  speedy  signification  of  his 
Majesty's  pleasure  on  this  subject ;  and  at  the  same  Time  inti- 
niate  that  from  the  Number  aaid;  Extent  of  the  Grants  under 
this  province  to  reduced  Officers  and  Soldiers  and  others,  as 
^tt  as  the  Confirmati(His  that  bare  been  made  to  those  who  had 
grants  under  New  Hampshire  and  others  associated  with  them 
in  the  Counties  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester  and  Charlotte, 
and  the  numerous  settlements  that  have  been  made  under  those 
patents  and  under  Ancient  Grants  in  the  County  of  Albany,  the 
Revocation  of  the  Royal  Decision  of  1764,  and  the  subjecting 
of  tltc  Country  Westward  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  Jurisdiction 
of  New  Hampshire,  appears  to  this  Board  to  be  a  Measure 
unfriendly  to  the  Rights  of  the  Crown,  dangerous  to  the  Paten- 
tees holding  under  the  Great  Seal  of  this  Colony,  introduc- 
tive  of  endtess  Contentions!  among  the  Inhabitants^and  Subver 
sire  of  the  Gi*0Wth  and  Coltivation  of  a  very  valuable  Country, 
irluch  but  for  the  Disturbances  in  Bennington  and  the  Neigh- 
borhood of  that  Town,  i»  now  in  a  peaceful  and  flourishing 


Oondition. 


I  l-if-l  -  ./  '.r  f 


'J     .  ^  ^h\<-\\:k.  •     ill 


GOV.  TRYON  TO  LORD  HILLSBORO', 

[LoAd.  Doo:  Vol.  XLIII.] 

New  York  7  Octob.  1772. 

My  Lord.  •*,..;'.-»..'. 

The  middle  of  last  month  I  received  an  answer  from  the 
Inhabitants  of  Bennington  &  adjacent  Townships,  to  my  letter 
sentthera  from  Albany,  requiring  them  to  put  Coll  Reid's  Tenants 
in  possession  of  the  Tenements  and  Farms  they  had  turned  them 


^^IvSfe 


:••  M' 


.'  f 


798 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTIKG  THE 


|i 


3^ 


out  of.    This  letter  with  one  from  M'  Kelly  a  Gentleman  of  the 
Law,  I  laid  before  the  Council  Board,  and  desired  they  worn 
Report  thereon ;  being  willing  that  His  Mfg^y  might  be  informed 
of  t]ie  opinion  of  that  Board,  as  well  as  my  own  suggestions  of 
the  present  state  of  the  distractions  in  Charlotte  County,   j^ 
Lieut.  Coll :  Reid  was  charged  with  very  harsh  proceedings  in 
the  Bennington  letter,  I  ordered  he  should  be  served  with  an 
extract  of  so  much  of  the  letter  as  related  to  him.    In  conse- 
quence of  which,  he  delivered  in  Council,  on  Monday  last,  his 
memorial  with  his  affidavit,  and  that  of  Archibald  Clark  in 
confutation  of  such  injurious  charges,  and  in  justification  of  his 
procedure.    Coll.  Reid's  honorable  conduct  in  His  Maj'y  service 
and  his  delicate  principles  of  honor,  would  have  secured  him 
from  the  malice  of  these  aspersions,  among  the  unprejudiced,  tho 
he  had  treated  these  calumnies  with  silent  contempt.    By  the 
transmission  of  these  letters.  Memorial,  affidavits  and  Report  of 
the  Council,  your  Lord?  will  be  evinced  of  the  real  expediency 
of  an  immediate  Royal  decision  to  the  controversy.    As  your 
Lordp  must  be  sensible,  that  the  line  of  jurisdiction  cannot  be 
exerted  or  have  its  effect  until  the  line  of  property  is  drawn.  I 
must  beg  leave  to  solicit  His  Maj*y  that  I  may  have  permission, 
as  soon  as  possible,  to  admit  as  many  of  the  Townships  of  New 
Hampshire  to  take  confirmations  under  this  Gover"',  on  half 
fees,  or  such  other  Terms,  as  His  Maj'y  shall  prescribe,  as  volun- 
tarily offer  to  take  out  patents  under  this  Govern*  under  the 
usual  restrictions  and  limitations.    This  measure  is  founded  on 
the  soundest  polioy,  as  every  such  confirmation  is  securing  the 
inhabitants  of  that  Township  in  tlie  interest  of,  and  obedience 
to  this  Govern*.    The  new  Hampshire  proprietors  who  have 
offered  to  confirm  their  titles  under  the  seal  of  this  Prov«  on 
half  fees,  and  have  been  restricted  by  His  Majesty's  late  order 
forbidding  me  to  proceed  in  giving  them  titles,  are  very  impor- 
tunate, and  begin  to  be  so  much  sowered  and  disgusted,  that 
there  is  much  reason  to  apprehend  as  they  find  the  Bennington 
people  and  t\\e  adjacent  Country  daily  increase  in  strength  and 
uninterrupted  by  Govern',  they  will  soon  reject  any  offers  from 
tliis  Country,  and  combine  in  opposition  to  the  jurisdiction  of 
this  Province ;  l)e$ides,  tlie  partition  line  between  this  Govern' 


b 


KEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.    ,^  709 

and  Massachusetts  Bay  being  still  unsettled  ;  by  the  aid  of  those 
Borderers,  the  opposition  may  reasonably  be  expected  to  be  very 
formidable ;  too  much  so,  for  militia  forces  to  encounter. 

These  observations,  My  Lord,  taking  under  consideration  with 
my  former  correspondence  on  the  subject,  will  I  am  confident 
have  that  weight  with  His  Majty'«  Ministers,  as  is  proportioned 
to  their  importance,  and  I  trust,  my  Royal  Master  will  believe, 
they  flow  from  a  zealous  and  earnest  desire  to  promote  his 
jervice,  and  the  peace  and  welfare  of  this  Colony. 
I  am  with  all  possible  respect  &  esteem.  My  Lord. 

Your  Lordship's  most  obedient  servant 

Wm  Tryon. 


I'  '     ^'' '   f- 


ORDER  OP  COUNCIL  ON  PETITION  OF  BENJN  STEVENS,  i' 

In  Council,  October  21»t  1772. 

His  Excellency  laid  before  the  Board  the  petition  of  Com- 
plaint of  Benjamin  Stevens  Deputy  Surveyor  of  Lands,  and 
John  Brandon  and  John  Dunbar,  setting,  that  the  Complainants 
being  on  their  lawful  Business  was  on  the  29'i>  of  September 
last  met  with  by  Remember  Baker,  Ara  Allen,  and  five  other 
persons  at  Onion  River,  and  were  without  any  provocation  stript 
by  them  of  their  property  and  Effects,  insulted  and  tlireatned, 
and  the  petitioner  John  Dunbar  thrown  into  the  Fire,  Bound 
and  Burned  and  otherwise  beat  and  abused  in  a  Cruel  manner, 
as  more  fully  appears  by  the  afiidavits  thereunto  annexed;  and 
praying  Relief. 

On  reading  of  which  petition  and  Depositions,  and  his  Excel- 
lency requiring  the  opinion  of  the  Council  thereon — The  Council 
humbly  advised  it  be  recommended  to  M'  Chief  Justice  Hors- 
manden  to  issue  his  Warrant  to  apprehend  the  said  Baker  and 
Allen  for  the  offence  with  which  they  stand  charged  in  the  said 
Depositions,  and  that  his  Excellency  do  promise  a  Reward  of 
one  hundred  pounds  for  apprehending  each  of  the  said  offenders 
to  be  paid  to  the  person  or  persons  by  whom  they  shall  be 


•  111 


n 


.1" 


•i 


9(m 


CONTKOVBRST  RESPECTIKO   THE 


.ti.-^i..  t-,!..  ,^..,>i  .<  i    ,  1. 


apprehended  and  brought  before  the  Chief  Justice — ^And  M' 
Chief  Justice  Horsmanden  was  desired  to  issue  his  Watrant 
aeooordingly. 


'V  ♦ 


•^' 


"*  ♦ 


I'  V 


*  ^^ 


i  « 


0% 


-.{-■ 


Sir 


MR.  HAWLEY  TO  COL.  SKENE. 


Manchester  Oct*  21"*  1772. 


The  different  Inhabitants  from  the  Townships  under  New 

Hampshire,  had  a  meeting  here  by  their  Deputies,  and  have 

come  to  a  Resolution  of  sending  me  as  their  Agent  to  solicit 

matters  relative  to  their  old  Grants  &c.    By  the  general  sense 

and  A^ishes  of  the  people.    I  find  them  Desirous  that  the 

County  Courts  should  be  held  at  Skenesborough,  it  being  beyond 

dispute  the  best  situation  for  trade  &c  some  designinrf  People  of 

Bennington  that  attempt  to  lead,  have  over  awed  many  that 

would  be  glad  to  present  a  petition,    but  as  this  method  of  a 

letter  may  have  the  same  Weight  with  his  Excellency  Gorer- 

nour  TryoB;  I  therefore  as  their  Agent  sign  this. 

JehieI  HinrLEY. 
Ta  Col  Philip  Skene 

For  his  Excellency  Governout  Tryon. 

ik'^  .^ .- — 


ia '>'•.. 


iUj 


ESQ.  MUNRO  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


May  it  Please  your  Excellency 

It  is  with  the  greatest  reluctance  that  I  would  ofiEbr  to  trouble 
your  Excellency  with  any  more  complaints  but  when  the  Public 
Interest  and  the  wellfare  of  this  Government  is  so  much 
conserned,  I  think  it  my  indispensible  duty  to  report  the  same 
to  your  Excellency 

My  chief  business  for  these  Ten  days  by  past  was  nothing  but 
taking  Examinations  of  Felons  and  their  associates  of  which  this 
country  abounds. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  bRAMXS. 


801 


I  have  now  in  my  Custody  the  Stamps  Moulds  Mills  and  several 
other  Materials  for  coining  of  Dollars  (dated  1760)  one  crown 
piece  dated  1752,  one  dollar  dated  1766,  and  one  dated  1768 
ffhich  are  all  counterfeits  &  found  in  the  custody  of  John  Searles 
of  Arlington  and  Co^nfort  Carpenter  of  Shal'sbury  which  with 
their  own  confession  upon  Oath,  was  sufficient  Evidence  to  me 
and  after  discovering  from  them  all  that  I  could  upon  Oath  I 
\frote  their  Mittimus  and  sent  them  off  to  Goal  in  the  charge  of 
two  constables  and  desired  as  many  to  their  assistance  as  they 
thought  necessary — the  same  night  they  suffered  Carpenter  to 
make  his  Escape,  then  one  of  the  said  Constables  pursued  after 
Carpenter  and  the  other  went  to  Goal  with  Searles,  but  stoped 
upon  the  Road  ten  days  and  at  last  let  Searles  go  about  his 
Business. 

What  can  a  Justice  do  when  the  whole  Country  combinds 
against  him— The  very  night  that  I  sent  these  two  to  Goal  some 
of  their  associates  Brock  and  Destroyed  one  of  my  Pot  ash  works, 
which  cost  me  upward  of  fifty  Pound  my  property  is  destroyed 
njffht  and  day  &  durst  not  say  111  done — ^by  the  confession  of 
these  Felons  (there  is  a  line  of  money  makers)  from  New  Jersey 
to  a  place  called  the  Cowas  back  of  New  Hampshire  I  have  got 
the  names  of  17  more.  I  have  sent  after  them,  but  I  know  that 
the  Constables  will  not  be  faithfull  for  they  are  its  my  oppinion 
less  or  more  conserned — ^M""  Justice  Morison  has  declined  Serving 
and  I  hope  your  Excellency  will  be  pleased  to  Excuse  my  acting 
any  longer  for  I  got  myself  ruined  by  the  conduct  of  My  Good 
Neighbour    this  being  all  at  Present 

I  am  with  the  greatest  Submition  t*i 

Your  Excellency 
most  obedient  and  very  faithful 
Fowlis  in  the  County  of  Albany  Servant  to  command 

Nov' 24*h  1772.  John  Munro. 

(Endorsed)    1772  Dec'  16.    Read  in  Council 


ir: 


1 


.;T 


■  s 


I.    ? 


i.li 


'  ^  m 


,  I 


M 


Vol.  IV 


61  fi:»    ■.i^:Hij    jjU 


i    k 


802 


COMTROYERtY   RESPXCTmO   THE 


^  iff   '  /J>    M      A^      ,  ■ 
■''*  3tJ!fi  ~ 


OKDER  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  COUNCIL 

ON   RECEIVING   INTELLIGENCE  THAT   THE  PEOPLE  OF  fiENNINGTOR 
WERE  SENDING  AGENTS  TO   ENGLAND. 

In  Council,  November  2^t»»  1772 
His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Board  the  Intelligence 
he  had  Received  from  Major  Philip  Skene  informing  him  tiiat 
the  Deputies  of  Bennington  and  the  adjacent  Towns,  at  a  meet- 
ing at  Manchester  on  the  21  •*  of  October,  appointed  Jehiel  Haw- 
ley  and  James  Brakenridge  their  Agents,  who  are  inuuedlately 
to  repair  to  London  to  solicit  their  Petition  to  his  Majesty  for  a 
Confirmation  of  their  Claims  under  the  Grants  of  New  Hamp- 
shire to  Lands  within  this  province.    That  Brakenridge  is  iQ. 
structed  by  the  Bennington  people  to  pray  for  an  Alteration  in 
the  Jurisdiction;  but  that  the  party  by  whom  Hawley  was  chosen 
ai'e  satisfied  the  Jurisdiction  should  remain  as  fix'd  by  his  Majes- 
ty's Order  of  the  20*''  July  1764.  . 

And  his  Excellency  requiring  the  Opinion  of  the  Board  whether 
it  might  be  proper  to  add  any  Thing  to  the  Representations 
already  made  on  the  part  of  this  province — The  Comicil  declaied 
that  every  material  Information  relative  to  this  Controversy  hath 
been  transmitted  to  his  Majesty's  Ministers— That  the  Board  is 
unacquainted  with  the  Character  of  M'  Hawley,  tho'  well  apprised 
of  that  of  his  CoUegue,  who  is  seated  on  Lands  which  if  ever 
granted  by  New  Hampshire,  were  long  before  patented  in  the 
province  of  New  York.    That  unable  to  maintain  his  possession 
by  Law,  he  had  resorted  to  Force,  exciting  in  others  the  like  dan- 
gerous Spirit,  and  in  all  the  Riots  and  Violences  of  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  these  Towns,  had  distinguished  himself  as  a  principal 
aider  and  abetter,  which  induced  this  Government  but  without 
any  Effect,  to  Issue  a  proclamation  for  apprehending  and  bring- 
ing him  to  Justice. 

That  these  people  had  shewn  themselves  highly  unworthy  of 
that  Lenity  disctnt^ni'^Ie  in  t!  e  Terms  so  lately  offered  them  bj 
his  Excellency,  and  whicli  are  mentioned  in  the  Report  of  the 
Committee  of  the  1*^  of  July  last;  fbi  that  instead  of  manifesting 
their  Gratitude  on  this  occasion,  by  a  peaceable  Deportment  and 


M 


»  WEW   BAMlPSRf  RE  XflRAiJTs. 


803 


patiently  waiting  the  Event  of  their  ApplKiations  to  tire  Tlirofae, 
ihey  had  since  committed  F(^ce  on  the  Lands  of  Colonel  Reid, 
ajgaulted  and  Robb'd  a  Survey'r  employed  whefe  they  laid  no 
Claim,  and  Cruelly  burn'd  and  otherways  abused  one  of  his  atten- 
dants: That  while  they  permit  no  New  Settlement  to  be  made 
by  the  New  York  Oraatees,  they  iare  at  this  Time  establishing 
themselves  on  Onion  River,  upwards  of  eighty  Miles  from  the 
Center  of  their  own  Settlements,  thus  artfully  endeavouring  to 
support  a  Claim  to  the  intermediate  Territory,  under  the  We^k 
pretence  of  Hutts  hastily  Built  on  small  Spotts  of  Ground  which 
they  Terra  possession  Houses— That  they  bid  Defiance  to  the 
Laws  and  the  power  of  the  Civil  Magistrates,  which  are  unable 
to  restrain  them— And  that  a  Speedy  Signification  of  his  Majes- 
ty's pleasure  on  this  important  subject  is  become  highly  expedi- 
ent, as  the  only  Measure  which  can  either  prevent  Bloodshed  or 
restore  tlie  Tranquility  of  that  part  of  the  province. 


es  highly  unworthy  of 
lately  offered  them  by 
d  in  the  Report  of  the 
t  instead  of  manifesting 
ceable  Deportment  and 


REPRESENTATION  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE 

TO  THE  LORDS  OF  THE  PRIVY  COUNCIL  WITH  A  PLAN  FOR  THE 
SETTLEMENT  OF  THE  DIFFICULTIES  RESPECTING  THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE 
GRANTS. 

To  the  Right  Hon»»i«  the  Lords  of  the  Committee  of 
His  Majestys  m»st  Honourable  Privy  Council  for 
Plantation  affairs. 
My  Lords 

Pursuant  to  your  Lordships  orders  of  th6  17  day  of  June  last 
we  have  taken  into  our  consideration  such  parts  of  the  papers 
thereunto  annexed  as  relate  to  disorders  which  have  prevailed 
within  the  district  between  the  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut 
in  consequence  of  a  variety  of  Questions  &  disputes  which  have 
arisen  with  respect  to  tittles  to  Lands  and  Possessions  within  the 
said  District  on  the  Ground  of  different  Grants  made  by  the 
Governors  of  His  M^J'"'  Provinces  of  New  York  and  New 
Hampshire  whereupon  we  beg  leave  to  report  to  yoilr  Lordships. 


j!= 


i.'i 


804 


CONTROYEBSY   KE8PECTINO  THE 


^w'^M 


t  :>  V 


»   . 


That  the  district  between  the  said  RiYers  Hudson  and  Con- 
necticut witliin  which  these  disorders  and  disputes  have  arisen 
lyes  to  tlie  North  of  the  Northern  Limits  of  the  Massachusets 
Bay  established  in  1740  and  is  described  to  be  of  great  fertility 
of  very  considerable  extent  and  abounding  in  parts  witli  very 
valuable  Timber  fit  for  masts  and  other  NaYal  uses. 

In  early  times  the  Government  of  the  Massachusets 
under  its  ancient  Charter  which  was  vacated  in  1684  assumed 
Jurisdiction  and  granted  Lands  within  that  part  of  this  district 
which  lies  to  the  East  of  a  line  drawn  at  twenty  miles  distance 
from  Hudsons  River  and  there  are  now  some  Townships  remain- 
ing whicli  are  derived  under  patents  from  that  Colony  and 
altho  the  Province  of  New  York  set  up  pretensions  to  this 
district  under  the  General  descriptive  Words  of  King  Charles  the 
2<i  Patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  in  1 664  and  the  Governor  of  that 
Colony  did  in  the  late  times  make  some  Grants  of  Laud  within  th) 
same  yet  it  does  not  appear  that  any  attempts  were  made  to  disturb 
the  Possessions  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  ancient  Towns  settled 
under  the  Grants  from  the  Province  of  Massachusets  Bay  nor 
were  any  establishments  made  competent  to  the  exercise  of  any 
regular  jurisdiction  therein  But  when  by  the  determination  of 
the  boundary  line  between  Massachusets  Bay  and  New  Hamp- 
shire in  1740  it  was  declared  that  the  latter  of  those  Provinces 
should  extend  West  from  Merrimacks  River  till  it  met  with  His 
Majesty's  other  Governments  and  when  in  consequence  thereof 
the  said  Province  claimed  to  extend  to  within  20  miles  of  Hud- 
sons River  the  Government  of  New  York  insisted  upon  their 
Claim  with  greater  earnestness  and  the  two  Provinces  became 
involved  in  a  Controversy  which  after  much  heat  and  alterca- 
tion on  both  sides  ended  in  1750  in  an  agreement  to  refer  the 
point  in  question  to  the  Crown  and  each  party  made  a  Repre- 
sentation of  the  state  of  their  case;  But  after  several  hearings 
at  the  different  the  Agents  on  both  sides  desired  further  time 
to  consult  their  Constituents  and  the  War  breaking  out  in 
America  soon  after  the  business  was  allowed  to  lye  over  till  the 
restoration  of  Publick  Peace  when  the  dispute  being  revived 
with  much  heat  and  animosity  it  [appeared]  that  the  Governour 
of  New  Hampshire  had  taken  the  opportunity  pendente  lite  to 


fr-.   .  »  ji 

IT*""**    "^ 


^^4 


<     NEW  HAMPSHIRE  ORAMTS.  *) 


805 


grant  away  a  very  considerable  number  of.  Townships  of  six 
miles  square  each  in  this  County  to  the  Westward  of  Connecti- 
cut River    (This  proceeding  accompanied  as  it  was  with  other 
disreputable  Circumstances  was  fully  stated  in  a  Representation 
made  to  His  Majesty  by  this  Board  in  1764  wherein  it  was 
recommended  that  His  Majesty  by  his  Royal  Adjudication  and 
authority  should  put  a  period  to  these  animosities  and  disputes 
by  declaring  what  should  be  the  Boundary  between  the  Provin- 
ces of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire  and  in  consequence 
thereof  His  Majesty  was  pleased  by  his  Royal  order  bearing 
date  the  20  day  of  July  1764  with  the  advice  of  this  Privy 
Council  to  declare  that  the  Western  Branch  of  the  River  Con- 
necticut from  where  it  enters  the  Province  of  the  Massachusets 
Bay  as  far  north  as 'to  the  45"*  degree  of  Latitude  should  be  the 
Boundary  between  the  said  two  Provinces  Immediately  after  this 
decision  which  was  accompanied  with  the  usual  Reservation 
in  Respect  to  private  property  M'  Colden  upon  whom  the  admin- 
istration of  the  Government  of  New  York  had  devolved,  granted 
warrants  of  Survey  and  issued  Patents  for  lands  within  the 
limits  of  several  of  the  Townships  granted  by  the  Governors  of 
New  Hampshire  and  several  of  tliose  Surveys  and  Patents 
extending  over  Land  under  actual  Improvement  and  settlement 
the  Parties  who  conceived  themselves  injured  by  such  proceed- 
ings not  being  able  as  they  alleged  to  obtain  Redress  in  New 
York  brought  their  complaint  before  His  Majesty  in  Council.) 

Upon  a  full  hearing  of  those  Complaints  His  Majesty  was 
pleased  by  his  order  in  Council  of  the  24  of  July  1767  to  declare 
that  no  patt  of  Lands  lying  on  the  Western  side  of  the  River 
Connecticut,  within  that  district  before  claimed  by  New  Hamp- 
shire should  be  granted  until  His  Majesty's  further  pleasure  was 
known  and  an  Instruction  was  accordingly  given  to  the  Governor 
of  New  York  directing  him  upon  pain  of  His  MajeStys  highest 
displeasure  not  to  presume  to  make  any  Grant  whatever  or  to 
pass  Warrants  for  the  Survey  of  any  part  of  the.  said  Lands  untU 
His  Majesty's  pleasure  should  be  signified  concerning  the  same 
which  Instruction  has  been  ever  since  continued  in  force  and 
now  forms  the  491''  article  of  the  Code  of  General  Instructions 

given  to  M'  Tryon  His  Majesty's  present  Governor  of  New  York. 


m: 


!■ 


VI 


I  ■- 


806 


conraoTSRaT  Bnracnira  the 


'MV 


.•«>- 


Tlie  power  of  granting  Lands  within  this  district  being  thiu 
suspended  a  Petition  was  presented  by  several  reduced  Officers 
and  Soldiers  who  had  served  in  America  during  the  late  war 
and  being  intitled  to  lands  under  His  Mi^estyj  Royal  Proclama- 
tion of  Oct'  1763  had  previous  to  the  above  mentioned  Ord^r 
obtained  Warrants  of  Survey  for  Lands  within  this  district 
pvaying  that  the  Gx>vernor  of  New  Yoric  might  be  empowered  to 
grant  land&  to  such  of  them  at  whose  expenoe  they  had  been 
located  and  surveyed  and  confirm  to  others  the  Grants  which 
had  already  been  made  and  this  Petition  having  been  referred  to 
this  Board  by  your  Lordships  Order  of  the  5  July  1770  they  ja 
their  Report  thereupon  of  the  6  of  June  1771  enteijed  fully  and 
circumstantially  into  the  consideration  of  theC^estionjbotliasit 
tespected  the  case  of  the  Petitioners  in  parti^ar  as  well  as  every 
other  SpecieS:  of  Claimtats  under  whatsoever  title  or  pretention 
submitting  under  each  head  such  opinion  and  advice  as  to  then 
seemed  best  adapted  £br  terminating  all  difficulties  and  disputes 
and  putting  that  valuable  district  into  such  a  state  of  cultivation 
and  repose  as  would  make  it  happy  in  itself  and  beneficial  to  the 
Mother  Country. 

The  propositions  contained  in  that  report  being  of  great  extent 
and  importance  necessarily  requires  a  very  serious  Consideration 
and  while  this  matter  was  under  deliberation  the  papers  annexed 
to  your  Lordships  orders  of  reference  and  upon  which  we  are 
now  directed  to  report  our  opinions  >Vere  received. 

Upon  examination  of  these  papers  they  appear  to  us  to  contain 
two  objects  of  consideration  viz* 

1'  !•»  The  propriety  or  impropriety  of  reannexing  to  New 
Hampshire  the  Lands  West  of  Connecticut: River  which  the  Gov' 
and  Council  of  that  Province  represent  to  be  a  measure  of  essen- 
tial importance  to  its  interests  and  of  great  Publick  advantage, 

2ndiy.  The  conduot  of  his  Mtgestys  Gpvernorof  New  York  in 
having  in  contradiction  to  tlie  letter  of  the  49"'  article  of  his 
Instructions  taken  upon  him  to  pass.  Patents  of  Confirmation  of 
several  of  the  Townships  heretofore  granted  by  the  Government 
of  New  Hamp^ilre  within  that  district  and  having  also  made 
other  G«vits  of  Lands  within  the  same. 
J,  With   regard  to  the  first  of  these  Considerations  it 


^i^^u 


HEW  I&kHraH  KE  ftAAMT'' 


IE 

district  being  thru 
al  reduced  Officers 
uring  the  late  war 
y4  Royal  Proclamap 
re  meationed  Ordtr 
wUhin  this  district 
;ht  be  empovrered  to 
enoe  tliey  had  l)eea 
•8  the  Grants  wliicli 
i^ingbeenreftrredto 
6  July  1770  they  in 
71  euteijed  fully  and 
lieC^estio^ibotlia&it 
,<?ulara»  well  as  every 
er  title  or  pretention 
nd  advice  as  to  tlien 
Acuities  and  disputes 
I  a  state  of  cultivation 
f  and  beneficial  to  tiie 

t  being  of  great  extent 
serious  Consideration 
on  the  papers  annexed 
upon  which  we  are 
eceived. 
appear  to  us  to  contain 

reannexing  to  New 
River  which  the  Gov 
be  a  measure  of  essen- 
,t  Publick  advantage, 
ernor  of  New  Yorlc  in 
he  49^''  article  of  liis 
its  of  Confirmation  of 
ed  by  the  Government 
ind  having  aleo  made 

Considerations  it  does 


807 


appear  to  us  that  the  Representation  in<^e  by  "s  Mi^eflt^ 
Governor  and  Council  of  New  Hampshire  contains  variety  . 
matter  well  deserving  your  Lordships  attention  od  we  th  ok 
that  there  is  too  good  reason  to  believe  that  many  »( the  Pruprie-. 
tors  of  Lands  in  the  Townships  granted  by  the  Gov'  of  New 
Hampshire  who  have  bona  fide  made  actual  settlement  and 
improvement  thereon  have  sustained  great  ii^ury  and  suffered 
great  oppression  by  the  irregular  conduct  of  the  Gov  and 
Council  of  IJew  York  in  granting  Warrants  of  Survey  fpr  Lands 
under  such  V^^^^  Settlement  and  Improvement  yet  such  a 
reprehensible  conduct  on  the  part  of  the  Kings  Servants  in  New 
York  ought  not  in  our  Judgment  to  weigh  the  scale  of  considera- 
tion against  those  principles  of  true  policy  and  sound  Wisdom 
wliioh  appear  to  iiave  dictated  the  proposition  of  making 
the  River  Connecticut  the  boundary  line  between  the  two 
Colonies  and  therefore  we  cannot  advise  your  Lordships  to 
recommend  to  his  Majesty  to  make  any  alteration  in    that 

measure. 

With  regard  to  the  conduct  of  his  Majestys  Governor  of  New 
York  in  having  departed  from  the  letter  of  his  Instruction 
matter  which  must  be  submitted  to  your  Lordships  considera- 
tion upon  the  grounds  and  reasons  asigned  by  that  Gentleman  in 
his  letter  of  the  2.^  of  February  last  But  we  think  it  necessary 
I  to  say]  to  your  Lordships  that  it  is  a  step  of  such  a  nature  as 
to  have  rendered  nugatory  and  impracticable  almost  every 
proposition  contained  in  the  Report  of  this  Board  of  the  6  of 
June  1771  and  has  as  well  for  that  reason  as  on  account  of  the 
further  information  contained  in  these  papers  respecting  the 
state  of  that  District  made  it  necessary  for  us  take  up  the  con- 
sideratten  of  it  upon  new  ground  and  to  recommend  to  your 
Lordships  a  variety  of  new  Propositions. 

Upon  the  fullest  examination  into  all  the  circumstances  which 
at  present,  constitute  ttie  state  of  that  District  and  out  of  which, 
the  greatest  disorders  and  confusion  have  arisen;  it  seems  to  us, 
that  the  principal  objects  of  attention  in  the  consideration  of  any 
measures  that  can  be  suggested  for  restoring  public  tranquility, 
and  quieting  possessions,  are, 

First,  those  townships,  which,  having  been  originally  settled 


-    I 


808 


CONTROTKRSY  RESPECTINO  Till 


4V| 


7*,1- 


V»tf 


r 


y 


f. 


and  establislietl  under  grants  from  the  government  of  the  Massa- 
clinsetts  Bay,  fell  within  this  District,  l)y  the  determination  of 
the  nortliern  boundary  of  that  Province,  in  1740. 
■  Si'coiully,  those  grants  of  land,  made  within  this  District,  bv 
the  governor  of  New  York,  previous  to  llie  establishment  of  thi 
townships  laid  out  by  the  governor  of  New  Hampshire,  after  ue 
conclusion  of  the  peace;  and  which  lands  now  lie  within  the 
limits  of  some  one  or  other  of  those  townships. 
e  Thirdly,  those  townships,  which  having  been  originally  laid 
out  by  the  governor  of  New  Hamrsliire,  either  continue  in  the 
same  state,  or  have  been  conlirmeu  by  grants  from  New  York- 
and  also,  those  which  have  since  originated  under  grants  from 
the  latter  of  those  colonies. 

With  regard  to  those  townships,  which  fall  under  the  first  of 
the  above  mentioned  descriptions;  when  we  consider  tlieir  nature 
and  origin,  and  the  numberless  difficulties  to  which  the  original 
proprietors  of  them  must  have  been  subjected  in  the  settlement 
of  lands,  exposed  to  the  incursions  of  the  savages,  and  to  every 
distress,  which  the  neighbourhood  of  the  French,  in  time  of 
war,  could  bring  upon  them;  and,  when  we  add  to  these  consi- 
derations, the  great  reason  there  is  to  believe  that  the  grants 
were  made  upon  the  ground  of  military  services  against  the 
enemy;  we  do  not  hesitate  to  submit  to  your  Lordships  our  opi- 
nion, that  the  present  proprietors  of  these  townships  ought,  iwth 
injustice  and  equity,  to  be  quieted  in  their  possessions:  and  that 
all  grants  whatsoever,  made  by  the  goviernment  of  New  York, 
of  any  lands,  within  the  limits  of  those  townships,  whether  the 
•  degree  of  improvement,  under  the  original  grant,  had  been  more 
or  less,  are,  in  every  light  in  which  they  can  be  viewed,  oppres- 
sive and  unjust.    But,  as  we  are  sensible  that  such  grants  made 
by  the  government  of  New  York,  however  unwarrantable,  can- 
not be  set  aside  by  any  authority  from  his  Majesty,  in  case  the 
grantees  shall  insist  on  their  title;  we  submit  to  your  Lordships, 
whether  it  might  not  be  expedient,  in  order  to  quiet  the  original 
proprietors  in  their  possessions,  to  propose  that  all  such  persons 
who  may  claim  possession  of  lands  within  the  limits  of  such 
townships,  under  New  York  grants,  should  upon  condition  of 
their  quifing  such  claim,  receive  a  grant  under  the  seal  of  New 


/•  .K 


IV  M 


-     .'  ! 


MCW   HAMPSHIRE   0BANT8. 


800 


York,  upon  the  like  terms,  and  free  of  all  expences,  of  an  equal 
number  of  acres,  in  some  other  part  of  the  District  lying  between 
the  rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut;  and  in  case,  where  any 
actual  settlement  or  improvement  has  been  made  by  such  claim- 
ants, that  they  should,  in  such  case,  receive  fifty  acres  of  wast© 
land,  for  every  three  acres,  tliey  may  have  improved. 

With  regard  to  those  grants  made  by  the  governor  of  New 
York,  which  fall  within  the  second  description,  and  upon  which 
any  actual  improvement  has  been  made;  they  do  appear  to  us  to 
deserve  the  same  consideration;  and  that  the  proprietors  thereof 
ought  not  to  be  disturbed  in  their  possessions,  wlietlier  that 
improvement  be  to  a  greater  or  lesser  extent.  But  we  beg  leave 
to  observe  to  your  Lordslilps,  that,  in  both  these  cases,  no  consi- 
deration ought  to  be  had  to  any  claim,  where  it  shall  appear 
that  no  regular  possession  has  ever  been  taken,  and  no  actual 
settlement  ever  been  made. 

With  regard  to  those  townships,  which  fall  within  the  last 
mentioned  description,  we  submit  to  your  Lordshlps^pur  opinion; 
That,  provided  such  townships  do  n^t  include  lands  within  the 
limits  of  some  antecedent  grant,  upon  which  actual  improve- 
ment has,  at  any  time,  been  made,  it  would  be  advisable  that 
they  should  be  confirmed  as  townships,  according  to  the  limits 
expressed  in  grants  thereof;  and  that  all  persons  having  posses- 
sion of  any  sliares  in  the  said  townships,  whetlier  as  original 
grantees,  or  by  purchase  or  conveyance,  and  upon  which  shares 
any  actual  Improvement  or  settlement  has  been  made,  ought 
not.  In  justice,  to  have  been,  or  to  be,  in  future,  disturbed  in 
the  possession  of  such  shares;  nor  ought  they  to  be  bound  to  any 
other  conditions,  whetlier  of  quit  rent  or  otherwise,  than  what  is 
contained  in  the  grant. 

Having  thus  stated  to  your  Lordflhips  every  case  that  appears 
to  us  to  deserve  consideration  on  the  Ground  of  legal  title 
followed  by  actual  Settlement  and  Improvement  we  do  not 
hesitate  to  submit  to  your  Lordships  our  opinion  that  all  other 
lands  whether  the  same  be  or  be  not  contained  within  tlie  limits 
of  any  Township  or  of  any  other  Grant  whatever  and  of  which 
no  possession  has  ever  been  taken  or  any  actual  Settlement  or 
Improvement  made  should  be  disposed  of  in  manner  following. 


■ii 


.  i 


■f 


**   n. 


ai" 


mPW^'^  '"''■*  i^^^^l 

»v 

^S^***-^"  ;l<'^^^^^  '"* 

SI-ZI^W'!'  '^* 

jpB^Etf?  ■ '   y      ^#Jrt''»               *        '^^ 

g|^*^| 

- 

■^kM  '  >^^^^^^HP' '1^  1 

*jl 

l^^ag^^^B^^ 

HSra^H^^^^^^^^^P 

■*i  . 

t^^^H^^^HBi'' ' 

H^^HI^^^^^^^^Hi 

iiiiL.*!! 

rJfe^;. 


19, k 


ItJt.fAV...  m 


810 


CONTBOVKKSY   BESPECTIIfG   THE 


!•»  That  such  persons  who  claim  possession  of  Lands  under 
Grants  from  New  York  withinthelimitsof  any  of  the  Townships 
antiently  established  by  the  Government  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay  have  the  first  choise  of  such  a  quantity  of  the  said  Lands 
as  shall  be  equivalent  to  tiie  quantity  Granted  within  the  said 
Townships  excepting  only  In  case  of  actual  Improvement  upon 
such  Grants  they  shall  receive  fifty  for  every  three:  acre&  so 
improved  as  has  already  [been]  suggested. 

2ndiy  xhat  all  commissioned  and  non  commissioned  Officers 
and  Soldiers  who  have  in  consequence  of  the  Proclamation  of 
1763  obtained  Warrants  of  Survey  from  the  Government  of  N«w 
York  for  Lands  within  the  District  between  Hudson  and 
Connecticut  Rivers  and  who  have  not  been  able  to  compleat  their 
Grants  on  account  of  the  restriction  contained  in  his  Majestys 
Instructions  to  his  Governor  of  New  York  should  be  confirmed 
in  the  possession  of  those  Lands  by  immediate  Grants  provided 
such  warrants  of  Survey  do  not  include  Lands  that  have  been 
actually  settled  and  improved  under  some  former  Gxant  either 
of  the  Governor  of  New-York  or  of  the  Governor  of  New  Hamp- 
shire in  which  Case  it  might  be  reasonable  to  grant  to  the  said 
Officers  and  Soldiers  an  equivalent  in  some  other  part  of  the 
.  District. 

3diy  That  in  every  Tovynship  whether  laid  out  under  Grant 
from  the  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  or  that  of  New  York  a 
proper  quantity  not  exceeding  five  hundred  acres  be  reserved  in 
some  convenient  part  of  the  district  as  a  Glebe  for  a  protestant 
Minister  and  also  a  proper  quantity  not  exceeding  two  hundred 
and  fifty  acres  f6r  a  Schoolmaster. 

4thi}r  That  the  Residue  of  the  said  Lands  which  either  have 
not  been  granted  at  all  or  which  having  been  granted  have 
notwitlistanding  been  without  any  actual  Settlement  or  Improve- 
ment pursuant  to  the  conditions  of  the  Grants  should  be  granted 
and  disposed  of  to  such  persons  as  sliall  be  desirous  to  take  up 
the  same  upon  the  tbllowing  terms  and  conditions  viz^ 

That  each  Grantee  over  and  above  the  usual  annual  Quit  Rent 
to  be  reserved  in  every  grant  of  2j6  Sterling  per  hundred  acres 
shall  upon  the  making  such  grant  pay  a  further  consideration 
of  fi.ve  pounda  Sterling  for  every  hundred  acres. 


i  uf  Lands  under 
'  of  the  Townships 
bbe  Massacliusetts 
of  the  said  Lands 
d  within  the  said 
mprovement  upou 
fry  three:  acrea  so 

r  ■  '  -    :■•  i 

anissioned  Officers 
Le  Proelamation  of 
Jovernment  of  N«w 
ireen  Hudson  and 
t)le  to  corapleat  their 
led  in  his  Majestys 
tiould  be  eonfirmed 
ite  Grants  provided 
nds  that  have  been 
former  Grant  either 
emor  of  New  Hamp- 
to  grant  to  the  said 
Le  other  part  of  the 

lid  out  under  Grant 
hat  of  New  York  a 
I  acres  be  reservedin 
lebe  for  a  protestant 
Deeding  two  hundred 

Is  which  either  have 
been  granted  have 
ettlement  or  Improve- 
mts  should  be  granted 
desirous  to  take  up 

iditions  viz* 

sual  annual  Quit  Rent 

ig  per  hundred  acres 
further  consideration 

acres. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


811 


The  foregoing  propositions  are  all  which  have  occurred  as 
necessary  for  your  Lordships  immediate  consideration  so  far  as 
regards  the  claims  and  pretensions  which  have  been  set  up  and 
the  disputes  and  Questions  which  have  arisen  concerning 
titles  to  Lands  within  this  district  and  also  to  the  best  method  of 
disposing  of  those  Lands  which  in  consequence  of  an  adjustment 
of  those  daims  shall  belong  to  the  Grown  but  we  beg  leave  to 
observe  that  there  are  one  or  two  other  considerations  of  a  more 
general  nature  and  import  that  will  upou  this  occasion  deserve 
attention. 

We  have  already  stated  that  the  District  in  question  between 
the  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut  and  particularly  in  the 
neighborhood  of  the  latter  does  abound  in  many  parts  of  it  with 
Trees  fit  for  masting  for  the  Royal  Navy  and  for  other  Naval 
purposes  and  we  observe  from  the  minutes  of  the  proceedings 
of  the  Council  of  New  York  that  one  of  his  Majesty's  assistant 
Surveyors  of  the  woods  in  America  especially  appointed  by  the 
Lords  of  the  Treasury  for  the  Survey  of  this  District  has  made 
report  to  them  of  two  Tracts  of  Land  whicli  he  has  discovered 
upon  Connecticut  River  containing  a  very  considerable  growth 
of  Wliite  Pines"  and  therefore  we  think  it  our  duty  to  submit  to 
your  Lordships  whether  it  would  not  be  necessary  in  whatever 
plan  shall  be  adopted  for  the  final  settlement  of  this  valuable 
Country  that  the  greatest  care  should  be  taken  and  the  most 
precise  Instructions  given  that  the  Limits  of  those  tracts  should  b« 
ascertained  so  as  that  they  be  not  included  within  the  Limits  of 
any  grants  or  any  Settlements  made  thereon  and  that  if  it  shall  so 
h{q)peQ  that  any  part  of  those  tracts  is  included  within  the  limits 
of  any  grant  already  made  and  actual  Settlement  or  Improver 
ment  has  taken  place  in  consequence  thereof  that  proper  endea- 
vours be  used  to  induce  the  proprietors  to  quit  such  possessions 
by  offering  them  grants  of  waste  Lands  in  some  other  part»of 
the  District  equal  in  quantity  to  what  is  claimed  by  tliem  in 
consequence  of  such  possession  with  a  further  allowance  of 
fifty  acres  of  every  three  acres  under  actual  cultivation  and 
Improvement.  «  .  '».♦!-;- 

Another  case  that  appears  to  acquire  particular  consideration 
is  the  claim  of  the  Society  for  the  propagation  of  the  Gospel  ia 


«*« 


a' 


i'  ■ 


■4V  .^ 


Ai^-'^i:-::':^!^ 


'*4    .    ^' 


*    ». 


^^ 


t">f  "i               ,  _     '4(1 

■f—  i    fttr ., 


■  i 
1 


f. 


812 


CONTROVERSY    RESFECTINO  THE 


foreign  parts  founded  on  a  Reservation  inserted  by  the  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire  in  the  grants  made  by  him  of  five  hundred 
acres  in  each  Township  for  the  use  of  that  Society  a  Reserva- 
tion  from  which  we  conceive  the  Society  could  not  have  drawn 
much  advantage  and  that  the  best  means  of  rendering  the  inten- 
tion effectual  to  the  piouse  purpose  for  wliich  the  Reservati6n 
was  made  would  be  to  make  compensation  to  the  Society  at  the 
rate  of  thirty  pounds  for  each  Township  in  the  Grant  of  which 
such  Reservation  was  contained  the  said  compensation  to  be 
be  made  out  of  such  moneys  as  shall  arise  out  of  the  sale  of  the 
forfeited  shares  in  the  manner  beforementioned. 

The  foregoing  propositions  together  with  what  we  have 
submitted  to  your  Lordships  upon  the  case  of  the  Township  of 
Hinsdale  which  appeared  to  us  to  require  a  separate  considera- 
tion are  all  that  have  occurred  on  the  subject  matter  of  the 
papers  annexed  to  your  Lordships  orders  of  reference  of  th 
17t*>  of  June  last  so  far  as  they  relate  to  the  claims  to  possessions 
■within  the  District  that  has  been  so  long  a  bone  of  contention 
between  the  Provinces  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire  and  by 
which  contention  the  public  peace  has  been  so  greatly  disturbed 
and  it  only  remains  for  us  to  state  to  your  Lordships  a  sliort 
observation  or  two  with  regard  to  the  mode  of  regranting  those 
parts  of  the  Land  in  this  District  which  after  provision  has  been 
made  in  the  manner  we  have  suggested  for  such  claims  as  are  in 
equity  and  Justice  objects  of  attention  shall  remain  for  his 
Majesty's  disposal. 

The  circumstance  that  more  particularly  makes  this  an  object 
of  consideration  is  the  proposition  we  have  submitted  for  the 
sale  of  tlicse  Lands  for  a  valuable  consideration  and  the  necessi- 
ty that  tliere  is  therefore  that  the  Grant  or  Conveyance  should 
be  burthen'd  with  as  little  expence  as  possible  because  the 
facility  of  selling  them  upon  the  plan  and  for  the  price  we  have 
submitted  will  be  greater  or  less  in  proportion  to  that  expence 
and  because  we  conceive  it  will  be  utterly  impossible  to  dispose 
of  that  all  upon  any  such  plan  if  the  Grants  [arej  to  pass 
througli  all  the  forms  now  adopted  in  New  York  upon  Grants 
of  Lands  and  are  to  be  subject  to  the  payment  of  the  Fees  at 
present  taken  by  the  Governor  and  other  officers  of  that  Colony. 


id  by  the  Governor 
a  of  five  hundred 
Society  a  Reserva- 
Id  not  have  drawn 
endering  the  inten- 
ich  the  Reservatiftn 

0  the  Society  at  the 
he  Grant  of  which 
compensation  to  be 
ut  of  the  sale  of  the 
led. 

ith  what  we  have 
3f  the  Towrship  of 

1  separate  considera- 
ibject  matter  of  the 
}  of  reference  of  thj 

claims  to  possessions 

1  bone  of  contention 

;w  Hampshire  and  by 

1  so  greatly  disturbed 

ir  Lordships  a  short 

e  of  regranting  those 

;er  provision  has  been 

such  claims  as  are  in 

shall  remain  for  his 

f  makes  this  an  object 
ave  submitted  for  the 
■ation  and  the  necessi- 
>r  Conveyance  should 
possible  because  the 
for  the  price  we  have 
)rtion  to  that  expence 
impossible  to  dispose 
Grants  [are]  to  pass 
;\v  York  upon  Grants 
payment  of  the  Fees  at 
officers  of  that  Colony, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  6BAMT8. 


813 


"V^e  have  upon  former  occasions  found  it  necessary  to  take 
n'Dtlce  of  the  Complaints  which  have  been  made  of  the  injustice 
and  extortion  of  the  Servants  of  the  Crown  in  New  York  in  this 
respect  and  we  have  at  all  times  considered  the  liberty  they 
have  assumed  to  themselves  of  taking  greater  and  otlier  fees 
upon  Grants  of  Land,  than  what  were  established  by  the  ordi- 
nance of  the  Governor  and  Council  of  the  year  1710,  as  most, 
unwarrantable  and  unjust. 

By  that  Ordinance  the  fees  allowed  to  be  taken  upon  Grants 
of  Land  by  the  Governor  the  Secretary  and  the  Surveyor  are 
considerably  larger  than  what  are  at  this  day  received  for  the 
same  service  in  any  other  of  the  Colonies  nor  are  fees  allowed 
as  we  conceive  to  any  other  officers  than  those  we  have  men- 
tioned. ;  «  Miiii;f,  ,?  -a  ;. 
Of  later  times  however  the  Governor  the  Secretary  and  the 
Surveyor  have  taken  and  do  now  exact  considerably  more  than 
double  what  that  ordinance  allows  and  a  number  of  other  officers 
do  upon  various  pretences  take  fees  upon  all  Grants  of  Land, 
in  so  much  that  the  whole  amount  of  these  fees  upon  a  Grant 
of  one  thousand  acres  of  Land  is  in  many  instances  not  far 
short  of  the  real  value  of  the  fee  Simple  and  we  think  we  are 
justified  in  supposing  that  it  has  been  from  a  consideration  of 
the  advantage  arising  from   these  exorbitant  fees  that  His 
Majesty's  Governors  of  New  York  have  of  late  years  taken 
upon  tliemselves  upon  the  most  unwarrantable  pretences  to 
elude  the  restrictions  contained  in  His  Majestys  Instructions 
with  regard  to  the  quantity  of  Land  to  be  granted  to  any  one 
person  and  to  contrive  by  the  insertion  in  one  grant  of  a  number 
of  names  either  fictitious  or  which  if  real  are  only  lent  for  the 
purpose  to  convey  to  one  person  in  one  Grant  from  twenty  to 
tbrty  thousand  acres  of  Land  an  abuse  which  is  now  grown  to 
that  height  as  well  to  deserve  your  Lordships  attention    In  the 
present  case  however  the  only  part  for  your  Lordships  conside- 
ration is  whether  you  will  not  think  fit  if  the  measure  we  have 
suggested  should  be  adopted  to  advise  His  Majesty  to  give  the 
most  positive  instructions  to  the  Governor  of  New  York  that 
upon  any  application  made  to  him  for  the  Lands  proposed  to  be 
regranted  on  the  Conditions  we  have  stated  he  do  upon  the 


♦■', 


^!f 


i  \ 


11 
I  \ 


\  ■  5 


814 


CONTBOVEKSY  BJC8PECTINO  THE 


i^r-' 


payment  of  the  consideration  money  to  his  Majesty's  Receiver 
General  issue  his  warrant  into  the  Secretaries  office,  the  Grant 
do  pass  without  any  other  form  or  process  whatsoever  and  with- 
out any  tees  whatsoever  to  be  taken  either  by  the  Attorney  General 
the  Receiver  General  or  the  Auditor  and  tliat  neither  the  Gover- 
nor the  Secretary  nor  the  Surveyor  General  do  take  any  other 
fees  than  what  are  prescribed  by  the  Ordinance  of  171  o  which 
we  have  already  observed  are  higher  than  what  are  now  taken 
by  the  same  officers  for  the  same  service  in  any  other  Colony. 

Upon  the  whole  my  Lords  we  are  sensible  that  many  difficul- 
ties  will  occur  in  the  execution  of  any  plan  that  can  be  suggested 
for  putting  an  end  to  tliose  Disorders  and  abuses  which  have  so 
long  dishonored  Government  and  disturbed  the  peace  and  quiet 
of  a  very  valuable  part  of  his  Majesty's  possessions  that  it  is 
impossible  to  suggest  every  proposition  that  may  be  necessary 
in  a  case  involved  in  so  much  difficulty  and  perplexity  and  that 
the  practicability  and  impracticability  of  those,  we  have  now 
submitted  will  depend  in  great  measure  upon  the  acquiescence 
on  one  hand  and  the  obstinacy  on  the  other  of  those  whose  diffe- 
rent claims  we  have  stated  but  if  the  plan  of  accommodation  we 
have  chalked  out,  shall  in  the  General  outline  of  it  meet  with 
your  Lordships  approbation  it  is  all  we  can  presume  to  hope  for 
and  it  must  be  submitted  to  your  Lordships  to  advise  His  Majes- 
ty to  take  such  steps  thereupon  as  to  your  Lordships  shall  seem 
meet  and  expedient. 

We  are  My  Lords 

Your  Lordships  most  obedient 
'  and  most  bumble  Servants 


Whitehall  Dec  3d  1*772 


m 


Dartmouth 
SoAME  Jenyns 
<.'ij^?^i       Bamber  Gascoynb 
■■'h  Greville     - 

Garlies 


..J 


f  /    *^'^' 


"^     ifSi-n^l^h    ■>-/i„  .  ^..,  .,.. 


'^  -^   /*':•;. 


'£,».  ^< 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 

LORD  DARTMOUTH  J'O  GOV.  TRYON. 

[Lond.  Doo:  XLIII.] 


815 


tit 


Sir 
By  the  Packet  that  sailed  from  New  York  in  November,  I 

received  your  Dispatches  N"  1,  2  &  3,  and  have  laid  them  before 

the  King. 

1  have  already  acquainted  you,  in  my  letter  of  yesterday's 
date,  that  the  State  of  the  District  between  the  Risers  Hudson 
and  Connecticut  would  probably  become  the  subject  of  a  sepe- 
rate  letter,  in  consequence  of  a  Report  of  the  Board  of  Trade; 
and  therefore  I  shall  decline  taking  any  other  notice,  in  this 
place,  of  the  continuance  of  the  disturbances  on  the  Lands  in 
that  district,  than  barely  to  express  my  hope,  that  the  questions 
which  have  occasioned  those  disturbances,  will  shortly  be  deter- 
mined in  a  manner  that  by  giving  satisfaction  to  all  parties,  will 
be  more  effectual  to  restore  quiet,  than  the  interposition  of  any 
Military  Force,  which  ought  never  to  be  called  in  to  the  aid  of 
the  Civil  authority,  but  in  cases  of  absolute  and  unavoidable 
necessity,  and  which  would  be  highly  improper  if  applied  to 
support  possessions,  which  after  order  issued  in  1767  upon  the 
petition  of  the  proprietors  of  the  N.  Hampshire  Townships,  may 
be  of  very  doubtful  title.  ,  lamettc. 

.    ,.  Dartmouth. 


PETITION  OF  THE  PEOPLE  OF  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY, 

FOR  THE  RIGHT   TO   ELECT   A  REPRESENTATIVE. 

To  his  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  Captain 
General  and  (Jovernor  in  Chief  in  and  over  the  Pro- 
vince of  New  York  and  the  Territories  depending 
thereon  in  America  Chancellor  and  Vice  Admiral 

of  the  same. 

In  Council. 

The  Humble  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  Freeholders  and 
Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Pro- 
vince of  New  York. 


>  \- 


■'I 


4fl 

'     1    s 


f ' 


M, 


^i||* 


,  t 


I  J  . 


El"     u 


i^'"^ 


,  <    » 


|#  ^*  4! ''  '^ 


a  M 


816 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECflNG   THE 


Humbly  Sheweth 

That  by  Letters  Patent  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  Province 
of  New  York  bearing  date  the  nineteenth  Day  of  Marcli  i768  a 
Large  Tract  of  Land  containing  near  forty  Townsliips  each  of 
the  Contents  of  Six  Miles  square  was  erected  into  a  County  by 
the  Name  of  the  County  of  Cumberland  and  tlie  Inhabitants 
thereof  are  in  and  by  the  said  Letters  Patent  Declared  to  be 
vested  witli,  and  entitled  unto  all  and  every  the  Powers  Privi- 
leges and  Immunities  and  subject  to  the  same  Laws  Regulations 
and  Government  wliich  the  Inhabitants  of  any  other  county  in 
the  said  Province  of  New  York  are  entitled  to  do  enjoy  or  are 
subject  to  as  by  the  said  Letters  Patent  or  the  record  thereof  to 
which  We  beg  leave  to  referr  may  appear. 

That  your  Petitioners  acknowledge  with  the  utmost  Gratitude 
the  Recent  Marks  of  your  Excellency's  Paternal  Attention  to  tlie 
Welfair  and  Convenience  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Couny 
by  the  late  Salutary  Regulations  and  as  your  Petitioners  are 
wholly  disposed  to  demean  themselves  as  good  subjects  so  they 
are  desirous  of  Enjoying  in  common  with  the  Inhabitants  of  the 
other  Counties  of  this  Province  tlie  Powers  and  Privileges 
extended  to  them  by  having  Liberty  to  choose  two  representa- 
tives to  serve  in  the  General  Assembly  in  this  Province. 

That  such  Representation  will  fulfil  the  hopes  of  your  Peti- 
tioners by  establishing  that  firm  and  lasting  connection  which 
they  are  desirous  should  ever  subsist  between  them  and  the 
Government  to  which  it  is  their  happiness  to  belong  and  will 
enable  the  more  readily  to  accomplish  tlie  good  purposes  of 
Government  by  obtaining  such  as  Laws  as  will  most  tend  toils 
honor  and  their  own  Prosperity. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  Pray  that  your  Ex- 
cellency will  be  favourably  pleased  to  issue  your  writ  enabling 
the  Freeholders  and  Inhabitants  of  the  said  County  to  Elect  and 
choose  two  representatives  for  the  said  County  to  serve  in  General 
Assembly  returnable  at  the  meeting  of  the  said  General  Assem- 
bly on  the  fifth  Day  of  January  next. 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  duty  bound  shall  ever  pray  &c. 

Cumberland  County  y«  1^^  December  1772. 


r-l(V  ] 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   CHANTS. 


817 


;al  of  the  Province 
ly  of  March  1768  a 
;ownships  each  of 
d  into  a  County  by 
nd  the  Inhabitants 
ent  Declared  to  be 
y  the  Powers  Privi;- 
le  Laws  Regulations 
any  other  county  in 
d  to  do  enjoy  or  are 
he  record  thereof  to 

the  utmost  Gratitude 
rnal  Attention  to  the 
s  of  the  said  Couny 
your  Petitioners  are 
good  subjects  so  they 
he  Inhabitants  of  the 
iwers  and  Privileges 
loose  two  representa- 
;his  Province. 
B  hopes  of  your  Peti- 
ing  connection  which 
;tween  them  and  the 
!ss  to  belong  and  will 
he  good  purposes  of 
s  will  most  tend  to  its 

y  Pray  that  your  Ex- 
ile your  writ  enabling 
d  County  to  Elect  and 
ity  to  serve  in  General 
e  said  General  Assem- 


Ktthn  Stone 
A«s  Hareo 
Robert  Paths© 

Aj»  B><K 

Francis  Whitmoro 
James  Richardson 
Athnlel  Wilklns  Junr 

Selh  Rice 
johnBarbnr 

Zepbaniah  Shepherd«on 
Amos  Tute 
Benjn  Dyar 
Nathel  Davw 
Thomas  Cutler 
^riUard  Dean 
Simeon  Birch 
Benjamin  Shurt 
yfn  Williams 
Benjo  Hutching 
Peter  Evans 
Jonathan  Tarbell 
Timothy  Clark 
John  Patterson 
James  Comins 
Amos  Haile 
Atherton  Classe 
Darid  Pulsepher 
Jas  Rogers 
Olr  Willard 
Willard  Stevens 
Oliver  Lovell 
Gad  Smith 
Timo  Lovell 
Israel  Onrtii 
Oliver  Wells 
Joshua  Stoddard 
John  Katban 
John  Kathan  Joor 
Oliver  Church 
Elijah  Prouty 
Stephen  Greenleaf 
William-McCune 
Jooatlan  Ohurch 
James  Smith 
Philip  PaddlTord 
Robert  Bizell 
Timothy  Church 
Nathll  Chnrch  Janr 
Sawyer  Wright 
Richard  Prouty 
Thos:  Chandler 


Joseph  Lord 
Samll  Wlls 
Noah  Sabhi 
Wm  Willard 
Simon  Stevens 
John  Bolton 
Bildad  Andros 
Zadock  Wright 
Grean  Brush 
John  Grout 
John  Klelly  ■ 
Simeon  Oloott 
Solomon  Phelps 
Samuel  Knight 
Elijah  Alvord 
Zephaniah  Svritt 
Silas  Rice 
JoHhua  Hide 
John  Fennel 
John  Thome 
Elisha  Pratt 
John  Pettey 
Jonathain  Safibrd 
Ephraim  Ranney 
Elijah  Ranney 
Benin  Gorton 
Bildlad  Easton 
Wm  Dawes 
Jonth  Hnnt 
John  Church        ,  , 
John  Dike 
Male  Chardi 
Thos  Miner 
John  Lovell 
Asber  Evans 
John  Norton 
Leonard  Spaulding 
Joseph  Wood 
Joseph  Fulkr 
Jonathan  Puller 
Samuel  Richardson 
Joseph  Peirce 
Ebene^pr  Haws 
James  Knap 
Oliver  Cook 
John  Sargeaiit 
Alexdr  Kathan     . 
Jonathan  Herrick 
Benjn  Brtterfield 
David  Joy 
John  Bridgmaa 


David  Chnrch 

Jacob  Spaulding      f^y^tm 

John  Baldwin  '      -Vh 

Benjan  Butterfleld  Jr 

Samuel  Brown 

Isaac  McCune 

Ebeneser  Knapp 

Ebenezor  Fox 

Josiah  Allen 

Samuel  Nichols 

Jacob  Wynn 

Dan  Tuttle 

Isaac  Bair^ 

Joshua  Parker 

Daniel  Sabin 

Samnel"Whet*        I 

Matthew  Oushin 

Jonas  Snow 

Noah  Sabin  Jur 

Jonathan  Houghton 

Noah  Oushing 

Dennis  LocklSig 

Daniel  Houghton 

Oyrns  Houghton  J 

John  French 

Jamee  Corning  Junr 

Cyrus  Houghton 

Ebenezer  Houghton 

John  Butler 

Ebenezer  Wright 

Asa  Holgate  ' 

Farebank  Moore 

Thomas  Sargeant 

Elisha  Harding 

David  Willis 

Jonathan  Wells 

William  Crannf 

William  Ellas 

Thomos  Ellas  nf; 

John  Ellas 

Joseph  Burt  •>«".•  iTl 

Luther  Burt  ,  ^ 

Joseph  Burt  Junr         ''  '," 

Saml  Wells  Juaior 

Benit  Field 

David  Lindsey 

Oliver  Harris 

Edward  Jewett 

Seiyamin  Baker 


'I 


:» ■  -  i 


.■:',i 


r/:« 


il^ 


1772.  Dec  43.    Read  in  Council  and  writ  ordered  to  issue. 


j,.u. 


;*•;}.:■  !  ,a;.-J? 


•■'"iVimtiti 


YCL. 


\y. 


52 


1 

■ 

B^r, 

i 

1 

K. 

■ 

H 

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B 

HE 

f^ ' 

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i 

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»  » • 

I 

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'f- 

*•*    '., 

* 

'n  * 

..V  .* 

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■k 

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',' 

^ 

y  -* 

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f 

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">.  '■• 

^ 

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'^ 

< 

t 

t-  '■t  .- 


818 


OONTROVPRST   B£i)PSCn(«b.    St^\ 


PETITIONS  TO  ERECT  SKENESBORCUGH  JNIO  A  COlMr 

TOWN. 

To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Captain  General  t> 
Governor  in  Chief  in  and  over  the  Province  of  New  Yorl 
&  Territory's  depending  thereon  in  America  Vice  admira 
and  Chancellor  of  the  Same.  * 

In  Council 
The  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  Freeholders  in  Countr 
Charlote. 
Hombly  Sheweth 

That  whereas  it  hath  pleased  the  Honourable  Legislature  o( 

this  Province  lately  to  form  our  part  of  the  County  Albany  into 

a  New  County  under  the  name  &  title  of  Charlote  County  and 

its  being  to  us  a  mater  of  very  great  Importance  that  the  Countj 

Court  House  be  fixed  in  a  convenient  spot  as  near  the  centre  ar 

may  be  so  Skenesborrow  to  us  apears  the  most  suitable  as  tht 

Inhabitants  to  the  Northward  on  both  sid^s  lake  Charoplain  cao 

come  to  it  in  Battoes  upon  the  Lakes  &  on  the  East  &  West  side 

the  people  have  not  but  about  24  miles  at  farthest  &  the  road 

already  opened.    As  for  the  Township  of  New  Perth  which  Iyer 

at  farthest  about  30  miles  on  the  South  touchg  the  South  line  of 

the  County  altho  they  are  the  greatest  body  of  the  Inhabitauti 

in  one  spot  yet  they  are  content  &  earnestly  desire  Skeensboron 

May  be  established  as  the  seat  of  Judicature  for  the  County  this 

apears  by  their  Subscriptions  &  a  roacl  being  already  opened  by 

their  help  from  their  Town  to  Skeensborow. 

Wherefore  May  it  Please  His  Excellency  the  Governor  and  the 

Honourable  Privy  Council  to  order  and  appoint  that  our 

County  Court  house  shall  be  erected  in  Skeensborow  upon 

whatever  spot  the  Judges  Justices  &  Freeholders  shall  think 

most  convenient  Providing  Major  Skeen  will  grant  to  the 

Trustees  &  Freeholders  a  tract  of  Ground  in  fee  simple  for 

Publick  uses  and  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall 

pray. 


James  McDonald 
Jamei  Torner 
Bamilton  HoOolUstro 


Robert  Coebraa 
Joh  MeClcaiy 
Jonathan  Barbar 


John  Foster 
Reuben  Turner 
John  AmutroDg 


INIO  A  COliM? 


iptain  General  h 
ince  of  New  YorV 

erica  Vice  admira 

« 

In  Council 
lolders  in  Countf 


tble  Legislature  ot 
bounty  Albany  into 
harlote  County  and 
nee  that  the  Countj 
}  near  the  centre  ar 
nost  suitable  as  the 
lake  Chainplain  can 
he  East  &  West  side 
farthest  &  the  road 

ew  Perth  which  lyef 
hg  the  South  line  of 
y  of  the  Inhabitautf 

desire  Skeensboroi» 
e  for  the  County  this 
g  already  opened  by 

the  Gor«mor  andthe 
nd  appoint  that  our 
n  Skeensborow  upon 
eeholders  shall  think 
jen  will  grant  to  the 
and  in  fee  simple  for 
in  Duty  bound  shall 


John  Fogter 
Reuben  Turner 
John  Annstrong 


^t     HEW  HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


819 


Alexander  Turner 
Edward  Long 
Joshua  Conkey 
Tbofl  Johnson 
Mathew  McVVhorter 
Thomas  Ueatty 
Joseph  McCraken 
Ephraira  Noble 
Robert  McCrovey 
Jonathan  Baker 
George  Gun 
George  McKnight 
William  Thompson 
Robert  Armstrong 
John  Rowan 
David  Stewart 
John  Barns 
Sober  Matthiew 


Adam  Getty 
Patrick  Wiflson 
James  Crossett 
Daniel  McGleary 
William  Moncrief 
Alexander  McWiU 
Jamos  Simpson 
Jamoe  Thomson 
Alexander  Stewart 
Robt  Steurt 
David  Steurt 
Samuel  Wilson 
Samuel  H6pkina 
Robert  Hopkins 
Robert  Caldwell 
Daniel  McEntire 
John  Dunlop 
Stephen  Rowan 


Robt  Qua 
John  Lytle 
Frances  Lamman 
Charles  Hutchaa 
James  Moore 
Hugh  Moore 
John  McNab 
John  McCenney 
John  Tod 
David  Tomb 
John  Barns 
Nathan  J.  Oawlej 
Mosses  Martiug 
Thomas  Armstrong 
James  Hawley 
Samuel  Hlndmand 
Leonnerd  Webb 
Duncan  Campbell 


(Endorsed)    1773.  Feb'  2=<»  Read  in  Council, 
(Here  follows  Petition  No.  2  Same 


Samnel  Buck 
Joseph  Gillet 
Richard  Bente 
Ephraira  Buck 
Thomas  Chipman 
John  Chipman 
William  Spencer 
David  Woston 
Richard  Woodcock 
John  Cole 
Nieolas  Handland 
Dan  Tucker 
Ebenezer  Hyde  Junr 
Thomas  Asliley 
Ebenezer  Allen 
Abaer  How 
John  RamsdeU 
Amofl  Mansfield 
David  Johnson 
John  Walker 
IHivid  Jackson 
Frances  Ebworth 
Richard  Brumridge 
Rosowell  Hopkins 
Gamaliel  Painter 
Henry  Buckannan 
Robert  Thomson 
Alexr  Webster 


James  Palmer 
Deliverance  Sqtuer 
Daniel  Abbot 
Josiah  Culver 
Derrick  Webb 
Elner  Baens 


Thomas  Alford 
Robert  Doglas 
John  Anderson 
Peter  Beverly 
Stephen  Jones 
Silas  Train         , 
Isaack  Baker 
Jehii  Bird 
Daniel  Warren  ie 
Abner  Walsh     J 
Jonathan  Olds  ^^ 
John  Peek 
Frederick  Peek 
David  Grippen 
Gideon  Oooly 
Steven  Mead 
James  Hopkins 
Roger  Steven 
Joel  Powel 
John  Vine 
John  'Webber 
Richard  Bignol 
Samnel  Welcock 
Amos  Fuller 
Zacheas  Williams 
John  Sweet 
Hopewell  Bailey 
Thos  Black 


subject,  Same  County) 

Abner  Veal 
Geo  Thompson 
Reuben  Keep 
Genham  Willard 
Alexander  Stewart 
Phillip  Sunderland 
Benjamin  Cooly 
Stephen  Olm8t«ed 
Isaac  Rood 
William  Marshall 
Ralph  I  Carrington 
James  Strotherd 
Timothy  Shirley 
Richard  Hunters 
Andrew  Young 
Saml  Harris 
Thomas  Davis 
Abner  West 
Josiah  Noyse 
Edward  Gray 
Hciekiah  Ashley 
William  PoVell 
Richard  Sexton 
Hugh  CampbeU 
Daniel  Robinson 
A.  P.  Skene 
James  Stodder 
Jno  Preno 


> 

'J  11 
I  f  ii 


(Petition  N»  3.) 


'  III 


John  White 
Jeremiah  French 
John  Salrl 
Gidien  Sairl 
Andrew  Hawley 
James  Frume 


Ebeneser  Leonard 
Samuel  Adames 
Jepthah  Hawley 
Bnrias  Havirs 
Thomas  Haws 


I    pi 


Mr 


it'" 


*  i 


IF'V  »      * 


-vrfi-" 


'l-lf  Vi 


8S0  OONTROVKEST   BWPECTINO  TBI 

'         (ditto  N"  4  Inhabitants  of  Socialborough.) 


Ckrshom  B«Ach 
Samuel  Crippen 
Felix  Powcl 
William  Dwlnell 
Ichabob  Tacker 


Aaa  Johnson 
Moses  Hale 
Mathan  Tnttle 
Jubiel  Andrews 
Amos  Andrews 


David  Hawloy 
Isaac  Cushman 
Joseph  Hawley 
Saml  Benrli 
Thomas  Tuttle 
Edward  Owen 


(N"  5.  Inhabitants  of  Crown  Point  district  and  Ticonderoga.) 


Robt  Lewis 
Lachlan  Mackintosh 
Collin  McKciizio 
Alexr  MacKonzie 
John  North 
Hugh  Whyte 
Fredk  Skinner 
Benj:  Porter 
Joseph  Russel 
Benjn  Kellog 
John  Strong 
Inac  Kellog 
Odel  Sqaier 
Nathaniel  Chapman 


John  Pangbum 

Nathaniel  Marsh 

David  Yalena 

Jacob  Ferris 

Abner  Brisk 

David  Iloclcomb 

Abram  Ilolcomb 

Elijah  Grandj 

Joiin  Crigger 

Ephrnim  Tyler 

Thos  Sparhang 

William  Anstruther 
Captain  in  the  26th 
Regt  commanding  the 


Garrison  of  Crown  Poim 

kc.  kc. 
John  Cubham 
Stephen  Chapman 
Wm  Wood 
Thomas  Brady 
Moses  Campbell 
Donald  Mcintosh 
Azriel  Blanchard  ' 

Thomas  Waywood 
Joseph  Franklin 
Samuel  Richardsoo 


John  Sm 
John  Byt 


(No  6  Inhabitants  of  Skenesborough 


The  Naniee. 

Philip  Skene 
Timothy  Force 
Robert  Gordon 
Garrat  Keating 
Morris  Austin 
David  Hunter 

Jacob  Cline 
John  Dewey 
Ephraim  Ayen 
James  Daily 
Thomas  Roberta 
John  McFerran 
James  Jackson 
Zecbariah  Tboiftas 
Ornon  Fuller  Jr 
Silas  Grainger 
Elisha  Olds 
Juda  Fuller 
Jeremiah  Bnrroagbs 
Zaacheus  Grainger 
William  Winton 
John  Thomas  Sr 
Thomas  Boggess 
Rolitrt  Vine 
James  Perkins 
Aaron  Fuller  Jur 
Daniel  BruAdige 
Josiah  Welch 
Garshom  Fuller 
John  Austin 
John  Thomas  Jr 
Jamea  Thomai 


In 


) 


Family.        The  Naniei. 

44  Hopestill  Biglo 

4  Azriel  Blanchard 

1  Timothy  Prindle 
6  Joel  Prindle  Senr 
4  Joel  Prindle  Jnnr 

11  William  Prindle 

14  Jacob  Stockwell 

2  James  Smith 
6  Natt  Harvey 

2  Levi  Stockwell 

3  Andrew  Ranney 

2  Elishama  Fryer 
8  Ebcuezcr  Vinie 

Samuel  Bacon 
Samuel  Keep 

6  James  Stewerd 

6  Larrance  McKinsey 

6  Alexander  Young 

6  John  Smith 

6  Samll  Dewey 
8  Seth  Stow 

8  David  Bavcrly 

7  Tbonws  Willson 

3  hfs 

4  Patt  +  Thoaaaa 
2  mark 

7  Joseph  Bethcdomew 

7  John  Skiner 

8  William  Hutton 
2  Darius  Joslen 

6  Asa  Joslen 

1  Samll  Hubbard 

1  Daniel  Ganger 


ith 
er. 


InFtarily 
8 

•  5 
t 

•  6 
2 

.     2 
S 

■  8 
6 

.     7 
1 

•  6 
4 

•  5 
6 

■  2 
.     4 

6 

■  2 
8 

•  6 
S 

•  11 


)Ugh.) 

Hawley 

Gushman 
h  Hawley 
Benc\» 
las  Tutlle 
rd  Ow«n 

d  Tlconderoga.) 

rrison  of  Crufm  Point 
.  lie. 

I  Cobliam 
then  Chapman 
Wood 
mas  Brady 
es  Campbell 
aid  Mcintosh  , 

•lei  Blanchnrd 
amas  Way  wood 
eph  Franklin 
nuel  Richardson 
in  Smith 
tm  Bytler. 


jugh.) 


nr 
inr 

) 
1 


Insey 


on 
la 

Bmew 
[)n 


8 
•     6 
S 
.     5 
2 
.     2 
6 
.     8 
b 
.     7 
1 
.     b 
4 
.     6 
6 
.     2 
.     4 
6 
.     2 
8 
.       .    b 
8 
.       .    11 


4 
2 
9 
4 
1 
1 
2 


tiM  Nam**- 
Qeorge  Boyle 
jamM  Bovle 
John  Boyle 
Benjamin  Murray 
CbarleaReed 


WBW  HAMPtHIRE  GRANTS. 

In  Family        The  Namet. 

6    Jamet  Armstrong 
6    Andrew  StuvenBon  • 
8    David  Douglas 
Hugh  Campbel 


8 


Jbki, 
InFamB]^ 

.    r 

■      9 


Total  in  Family  370i 


•t*  The  laat  enomerated  71  lubeeribert  w«ie  Tenanta  to  Mi^or  Skana. 


PETITION  OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  GLOUCESTER  ANP 

CUMBERLAND. 

To  the  King's  Most  Excellent  Majesty. 

The  Petition  of  the  Inhabitant«  of  the  Counties  of  Gloucester 

and  Cumberland  in  the  Provinee  of  New  York  whose  Namea 
are  hereunto  subscribed.  ^ 

Most  humbly  sheweth 

That  your  Petitioners  and  those  under  whom  they  claim  foi^^ 
merly  obtained  Grants  for  the  several  Townships  qq  whieh  thej, 
reside  from  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire. 

That  your  Majesty  by  your  Royal  Order  in  Privy  Council  of 
(Of  Twentieth  Day  of  July  One  tliousand  seven  hundred  an4 
sixty  four  was  pleased  to  declare  the  Western  Bank  of  Conner*' 
ticut  River  where  it  enters  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay  to  be  the  Boundary  between  the  Colonies  of  New  Hampshire 
tad  New  York. 

That  some  time  afterwards  on  the  humble  Petition  of  the  then 
Inhabitants,  the  Lands  on  the  West  Side  of  the  said  Connecticut 
River  were  erected  into  two  new  Counties  by  Letters  Patent 
mider  the  Great  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  York  by  the  respeor 
live  names  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester  since  which  the 
Coarse  of  Justice  hath  been  duly  established  and  the  Inhabitants 
have  enjoyed  the  Blessings  and  advantages  of  Peace,  Order,  and 
I50od  Government. 

That  in  many  Instonces  they  have  obtained  New  Grants  and 
confirmations  of  their  several  New  Hampshire  Claims  under  the 
Great  Seal  of  the  said  Province  of  New  York,  and  from  the 
Exemplary  Liberality  and  Goodness  of  his  Excellency  William 


:\ 


/.  iill 


f  ! 


i'-f^M'  I 


y 


4 


If 


«t2 


CONTROyiRSY  RBiPECTIMO  TRK 


Tryon  Esquire  your  M^ie8ty's  Governor  of  the  said  Province  of 
New  York  they  have  Reason  to  expect  when  your  Majestjs 
Instructions  will  permit  that  the  rest  of  their  Townships  will  be 
confirmed  to  them  for  one  half  of  the  usual  Fees  of  Office  which 
your  Petitioners  comider  as  a  great  marlc  of  Favour  and  Indul- 
gence. 

That  y5ur  Petitioners  are  not  desirous  of  any  Change  of  Juris- 
diction but  are  perfectly  satisfied  and  earnestly  wish  to  cortiuue 
under  the  Government  of  New  York,  and  are  only  anxious  to 
have  their  Titles  made  valid  and  secure  by  confirmations  under 
the  Great  Seal  of  the  said  Province  which  have  been  hitherto 
suspended  as  your  Petitioners  are  informed  by  your  Majesty's 
Boyal  Instructious. 

That  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Counties  whose  Titles  reiuaui 
unconfirmed  suffer  the  greatest  Inconveniencies  on  that  Account 
That  they  cannot  carry  on  their  Improvements  with  spirit  and 
vigour  from  the  uncertainty  whether  they  may  not  be  finally 
deprived  of  them  and  loose  their  Labour.  That  they  are  not 
entitled  to  the  Rights  and  Privileges  of  Freeholders  from  the 
Defects  of  their  present  Charters,  nor  can  they  for  the  same 
Reason  support  any  Action  for  their  Landed  Property  when  it 
is  injured  or  withheld  from  them.  That  while  these  distressing 
Circumstances  fall  heavy  on  Individuals  they  at  the  same  Time 
obstruct  the  Growth  and  further  Cultivation  of  these  New  Coun- 
ties impede  the  equal  Administration  of  Justice,  and  prevent 
the  payment  and  Augmentation  of  your  Majesty's  Revenue  froni 
the  Quit  Rents. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  beseech  your  Majesty 
to  take  their  case  into  your  Royal  and  Paternal  Consideration 
and  Graciously  to  direct  that  the  Several  Townships  whicli  they 
hold  under  the  Charters  of  New  Hampshire  within  the  said 
Counties  of  Cumi)erland  and  Gloucester  may  be  forthwith  granted 
Uid  confirmed  to  them  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  said  Province 
of  New  York  on  the  usual  Quit  Rents  and  half  the  Fees  of 
Office  agreeable  to  tlie  generous  Plan  formed  by  his  Excellency 
the  Governor  of  the  said  Province. 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  Bound  shall  ever  pray  &» 


said  Province  of 
en  your  Majtstjs 
rownships  will  be 
>es  of  Office  which 
Favour  and  ludul- 

ly  Change  of  Jui  is- 
y  wish  to  cortinue 
re  only  anxious  to 
soufirmations  under 
have  been  hitherto 
by  your  MHJesty'j 

whose  Titles  remam 
lies  on  that  Account 
3nts  with  spirit  and 
may  not  be  finally 
That  they  are  not 
'reeholders  from  the 
they  for  the  same 
ed  Property  when  it 
bile  these  distressing 
ley  at  the  same  Time 
,n  of  these  New  Coun- 
Justlce,  and  prevent 
ajesty's  Revenue  frort 

beseech  your  Majesty 
'aternal  Consideration 
townships  which  they 
shire  within  the  said 
,y  be  forthwith  granted 
lal  of  the  said  Province 

and  half  the  Fees  of 
Qied  by  his  Excellency 

ishaU  ever  pray  fc" 


KK\7  RAMnnnk  b3Ujn«. 


813 


Tl)08  Chandler,  Joaoph  Lord,  Bamuel  W*.\\t,  Votih  Sibm,  Na»hn  Stone.  ImMl 
Curtis,  Ephralm   Rannev,  Crean   Bnibh,  W\lliam  Pattorson,  Maicoiu  dhnreh, 
Daniul  Reiiney,  Oliver  Welb,  Joshua  Ctoddard,  John  Norton,  William  Wlllard, 
John  Grout,  John   Kathan  Junr,  Oliver  Church,  Elijah  Prouty,  Oliver  Cook, 
John  Sai'Kcnt,   Alexander  Kathan.  BuiOatnin  Gorton,  Samuel   Knight,  David 
Church,  Jacob  Spalding,   John  Baldwin,  Benjamin  ButterHeld  Junior,  Samuel 
Brown,  Isaac  McCune,  Ebenezer  Knap,  William  McCune,  Jonathan   Church, 
James  Smith,  Philip  Paddloford,  Robert  Bragoal,  Timothy  Church,  Nathaoiel 
Chnrch  Junior.  Sawyer  Wright,  Ebenezer  Fox,  Richard  Pronty.  Joalah  Alien, 
Stephen  Grcenleaf,   Bet\|amln  Butterfluld,  Wlllard  Stevens,  David  Joy,  Daniel 
Tiittlo,   Isaac  Beard,  Joshua  Parker,  Daniel  Sabln,  Samuel  Wheat,   Mathew 
Gushing,  Amos  Halle.  Jonas  Snow,  James Courtns,  Noah  Sabin  Junior,  Jonathan 
Houghton,  Noah  Cushtn,  Dennis  Lockllng,  Daniel  Houghton,  Cyrus  Houghton 
Junior,  John  French.  James  Comlns,  Cyrus  Houghton,  Ebenejter  Houghton,  John 
Butler,  Ebenezer  Wright,  Asa  Hclegate,  Thomas  Sargent,  Fcrbarlk  Moore  Junr, 
William  Cranney,  Jonathan  Wells,  William  Ellis,  Thomas  Ellis,  John  Ellis, 
Joseph  Burt,  Luther  Bart.  Nathan  Davis,  Jabez  Davis,  Ebenezer  Fisher  jEliaa 
Wililer,  Oliver  Harrisjunlor,  Bor^afnin  Baker,  Elisha  Harding,  David  Willis, 
Edward  Jewett,  John  Houghton,  David  Houghton,  AVilliam  Houghton,  Solomon 
Ball,  Abel  Stockwull  Junior,  Perez  Stockwell,  James  Bali,  Eiijali  Alvard,  Caleb 
Alvard,  Reuben  Cook,   John  Rugg,  Zapha   Swift,  Elihew  Bosoem,   Benjamin 
Perry,  Silas  Hamilton,  David  Davis,  John  Davis,  John  Bolton,  Henry  Henderson, 
Samuel  Clark  Junior,  Isaac  Orr,  Ebenezer  Davis,  Ebenezer  Davis  Junior,  Jonas 
Shepard,  Hugh  Bolton,  Benjamin  Pelrco,  Ber\jamin  Peirce  Junior,  AVllliam  1     ior , 
William  Wilson,  William  Gait,  Samuel  Morrison,  Ebenezer  Parrisli,  Israel  Uerld, 
Joseph  Stewart,  Joseph  Stewart  Junior,  John  Stewart,  Alexander  Stewart,  John 
Clark,  James Cary,  Ebenezer  Sablns,  William  Hendcrsen  Junr,  James  McWaters, 
Rufus  Sheppard,  David  Henderson,  John  Sheppardson,  Daniel  Wilkins,  Ithar 
Goodenough,  Zephaniah  Sheppardson,   Solomon  Phclp«,  David  Apres  Junior, 
Joseph  Dexter,  Zakeas  Fansworth,  Oliver  Bisliop,  Jolm  Pike,  Benjamin  Carpen- 
ter Othaniol  Wilkins  Junior,  William  Nickols,  Oliver  Harris,  Jonathan  Hobbs, 
Bildad  Andros,  Benjamin  Burt,  Ebenezer  Holtoii,  Josialt  Pease,  Furbunk  Moore, 
Daniel  Gill,  Jojin  Baritt,  Simeon  Spencer,  Ichabod  Woddanis,  James  Call,  John 
Heart,  Francis  Bcatty,  Joseph  Woodruff,  Leavi  Stevens,  Sol:  Stevens,  William 
Patterson,  William  Smeed,  Abel    Stafford,   Jonathan  Burk  Junior,   Jonathan 
Holding,  David  Gitchal,  Isaiah  Burk,   Solomon  Biirk,  Jeremiah  Bishop,  John 
Lull  Jonathan  Burk,  Charles  Kiilam  Junior,  Zedeklali  Stone,  Caleb  Benjamin, 
Benjamin  Waite,  Samuel  Stoius,  Ebenezer  Curtis,  Peter  Leavens,  Elisha  Hub- 
bard    Moses    Evans,   Reuben.  Deane,    Watt    Hubbard,    Matthew   Hammond, 
Elnathan  Strong,  David  Stone,  William   Smeed  Junior,  Jacob  Gatclieil,  Sol: 
Emmons,  Benjamin  Bishop,  Elisha  Halley,  Francis  Fenton,  Timothy  Bush,  Dole 
Johnson,  Thos  Sumnor.  John  Peters,  Thomas  Cliambcrlin,  Joseph  White,  John 
Taplin,  Mansfield  Taplin,  William  Taplin,  Eliliu  Johnson,  Pctahack  Bliss,  John 
Beard,  Nallianiel  Chamberlln,  Uriah  Cliamberlin,  Jacob  Bayley,  FryBaylcy, 
Ephraim  Bayley,  Joshua  Bayley,  Jacob  Bayley  Junr,  Aaron  Horsmer,  Benjamin 
Mazey,  Daniel   Hunt,  Jonathan  Farewell,   John  Goodwin,  Asher  Cliamberlin, 
Moses  Thurston,  "Thomas   Hibbard,  Samll  Hull,    Jonathan  Goodwin,   Abner 
Fowler,  Stephen  Rider,  Edmond  Brown,  Wclbo    Butterfteld,   John   Skeela, 
Samnel  Hadley,  Josiah  Burnham,  William  Johnson,  David  Weeks,  Nathaniel 
Rix,  Oliver  AVillard,  Zadock  Wright,  Francis  Wright,  John   lleaeltine,   John 
Sanbnnn,  Timothy  Bedell,  Peter  Powers,  Thomas  Brock,  David   Swaine,   James 
Abbot,  .Jonathan Fowler    Levi  Silvester  Junr.Er:  Cliamberlin,  Pelntiah  Bliss, 
Richard  Chnmberlin,  Ben:  Chumberlin,  Silas  Chamberlin,  Richard  Cliamberlin 
Junr,  Joseph  Chamberlin,  Thomas  Johnson,  Gideon  Smith,  Levi  Silvester,  Jacob 
Fowler,  Nehh  Lovewoll,  John  Nutting,   Ezekiel    Colby,  Joi.n  Orman,  Robt 
Johnson,  Samuel  Stevens,  Simeon  Stevens.  Moses  Hariman,  Jacob  Ken,  Samll 
Eaton,  Remnd  Chamberlin,  Robert  Hunkin,  John    Hazeltine,   Enoch  Brown, 
John  Mills,  John  Mills  Junr,   Abner  Fowler  Junr,   Abiel  Cliambeilin,   Amos 
Barril,  Silvenus  Heath,  John  Taplin  Junor,  John  Lawyer  Junr,  Hugh  Miller, 
Samuel  Barnet,  Samuel  Barnct  Juner,   Enos  Sawyer.  Benn  Sawyer  Junr  Jacob 
Fowler,  John  Brown,  Henry  Moore,  Havns  Johnson,  Stephen  McConnell.  Benoni 
Wrijtht,  Hozekiah  Silaway,  Obediah   Davis,  Robert  Barnet,  Jesse  McFarland, 
Samll  Gait,  James  Aiken,  Joseph  Sleper,  Nathaniol  Martin,  Daniel  Frazer,Noah 


U 


.'-f^  P'% 


9S^ 


CONTBOVBBSY  JeiK«f?»CTING   THE 


i» 


Wbtte,  Tohn  Marten,  "William  Thomson,  David  Thomson,  Samnel  Thomson 
4!«liDeti^Thomsoa,  James  Horner,  John  Kand.r,  Silveneus  Owen,  Noah  Dewey' 
William  Bell,  Mathew  Miller,  John  Robart,  Samuel  Miller,  James  Miller.  Jw| 
Woodworth,  Richard  Rogers,  Jaiqm  Penock,  Tim  Bartholomy,  Petre  TLems 
Jjofan  Strong,  James  Mann,   Solomon  Strong,  Joseph  Downer,  Uriah  Curtis' 
Abosr  Chamberlin,  Moses  Cadwell,  Oliver  Taylor,  Alexander  Brink,  Wilder 
WiUard,  Mathias  Rust,  Phineaa  Rxst.  Jona:  Matthew,  Oliver  Rust,  ZebulonLee 
Phiaahas  Strong,  Timothy  Knooks,  Abij<^  Lamphear,  John  Peake,  John  Henry' 
Danie)  Short,  Danel  Waldo,  John  Hoisington,  RuAis Carpenter,  Joab  Hoisington 
muMBfts  Cooper,  William  Dean^  WiHapd  Dean,  William  Dean,  John  Campton' 
DowilFraser,  Gad:  Smith,  John  Qriffln,  Taylor  Brooks,  Eber:  Church,  Thos 
Bulterfiold,  Jas  Rogers,  Simon  St«ven>,  Joseph  Wood,  Ebenezer  Fuller   Junr 
Ooroelius  Baker,  Nathaniel  Baker,  Daniel  Whipple,  Asa  Davis,  Ben:  Hennery' 
Waa  WiUians,  Danl  Whipple,  Thomas  PoUard,  Ebenezer  Whipple,  Ger;  WhiL' 
p)et^  Wra  Dawes,  Daniel  Sargenta.^ 

County  of  Cumberland  ss:  Be  it  Remembered  that  on  the 
Twenty  Sixth  Day  of  January  one  thousand  sevcai  hundred  and 
seventy  three  Personally  came  and  appeared  before  me  Samuel 
Wells  Esquire  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  and  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace,  for  the  same 
County,  Israel  Curtis,  Esquire,  and  Malichi  Church  Yeoman, 
both  of  y*  same  County,  who  being  duly  sworn  on  tlie  Holy 
Evangelists  of  Almighty  God  depose  and  say  that  they  were 
severally  present  and  did  see  the  several  persons  whose  names 
are  signed  to  the  annexed  Petition  to  his  most  Excellent  Majesty 
and  the  Duplicate  thereof  respectively  sign  their  names  tbereto 
voluntarily  and  of  their  free  accord,  and  that  the  Several  Persons 
who  have  so  signed  the  same  are  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of 
Comberland  or  of  the  County  of  Gloucester  on  the  West  Side  of 
Oonnecticut  lUver  Hithin  the  Province  of  New  York. 

Saml  Wells. 

ft 

Secretary's  Office  New  York  5t»>  February  1773.    The  Pre- 
oeeding  are  true  copies  of  their  respective  originals. 

Attest  Gw.  Sakyar  D  Secry 


DEPOSITION  OF  C APT.  DAVID  ^VOOSTER. 

City  of  New  York,  ss.  David  Wooster,  of  New  Haven,  in  the 
Colony  of  Connecticut,  Esquire,  being  a  Captain  on  Half-pay, 
reduced  from  bis  Majesty's  Fifty-first  Regiment  of  Foot,  being 


NSW  HAMPSHIBE,  GRANTS. 


825 


duly  sworn,  maiketh  oath,  that  as  a  reduced  officer  as  aforesaid^ 

he  obtained  pursuant  to  his  Majesty's  Proolamation  fot  that 

Purpose,  a  Grant  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New 

York,  for  three  thousand  acres  of  Land,  on  the  East  Banks  of 

Lake  Champlain,  within  a  Mil©  and  a  Quarter  of  the  Fort  there, 

that  about  five  years  since,  and  after  the  Depon^t  had  obtained 

the  said  Grant,  on  visiting  those  Lands  he  found  five  Families 

which  had  then  lately  settled,  some  of  whom  pretended  to  '  are 

a  Claim  there  under  a  Grant  from  the  Province!  of  New  Eamp- 

shire,  and  some  of  them  pretending  no  Right  at  all,  promised 

the  Deponent  immediately  to  leave  the  said  Lands ;  the  others 

this  Deponent  then  served  Ejectments  on,  which  issued  out  of 

the  Inferior  Court  of  Common  ?leaa  for  the  County  of  Albany^ 

whereupon  they  also  submitted,  and  desired  the  Deponent  to  give 

them  Leases  of  Part  of  the  said  Lands,  which  this  Deponent 

consented  to,  gave  them  Permission  to  remain  on  the  Lands^ 

acknowledging  him  to  be  their  Landlord,  until  it  was  convenient 

for  him  to  return  and  give  them  leases  in  Form  ;  that  for  some 

Time  past  there  has  prevailed  in  that  pairt  of  the  Country,  a 

Spirit  of  Disorder  and  Licentiousness  in  Opposition  to  the  Justice 

of  this  Province,  among  numbers  of  People  who  have  seated 

themsdves  on  tlie  Lands  granted  by  the  Province  of  New  York, 

to  the  reduced  officers  and  others,  some  claiming  the  same  Lands 

under  New  Hampshire,  and  others  without  any  such  Pretence 

of  Claim,  who  are  supported  in  such  their  Proceedings  by  a 

Combination  formed  for  the  support  of  themselves,  and  every 

Person  indiscriminately  who  will  settle  any  of  those  Lands  in 

Opposition  to  the  Titles  granted  under  the  Province  of  New 

York,  and  for  the  Prevention  of  any  Settlements  to  be  made  in 

that  Part  of  the  Province  of  New  York  under  Letters  Patent 

granted  in  the  said  Province  :  That  for  this  Purpose  they  have 

formed  themselves  into  small  Companies,  under  Leaders,'whoQi; 

they  call  Captains,  who  fVequently  make  Excursions  in  that 

Country  for  Discovery  of  Settlers  under  his  Majestys  Grants 

issued  under  his  Great  Seal  of  New  York,  and  to  dispossess  such 

Settlers :  That  this  Deponent  having  heard  that  several  new 

Intruders  had  got  upon  his  Lands  above  mentioned,  and  that 

they  as  well  as  the  former  Settlers  there  had  declared  they  would 


!'■/.',! 


l'4>\'^ 


ii 


M 


• 

i 

1; 

3 

r                      ■ 

1 "' 

■  ! 

1m 

826 


CONtROTERfty  RESPECTIK6  THE 


';n- 


K\ 


?i '^  ■:- 


§^  ^> 


MmBw0 


si 


L^^ 


?»-     - ^ 


'.  ^ 


KBTT 


h    «to 


*'tfl 


■I- 


i 


hold  the  Deponent's  said  Lands  from  him  by  Force  of  Arms 
This  Deponent  in  the  Month  of  September  last  visited  his  said 
Lands,  in  order  to  secure  his  said  Property,  and  to  give  tlie  said 
Settlers  thereon  Leases,  if  they  would  accept  of  the  same,  carrvin 
up  with  him  Declarations  in  Ejectment  to  serve  on  them  if  u 
should  find  the  same  necessary.    That  upon  the  Deponent's 
Arrival  at  his  said  Lands,  the  settlers  thereon  and  the  others 
collected  together  in  a  Body  about  thirteen  in  Number,  when  the 
Deponent  offered  those  who  had  settled  on  his  Lands,  Leases 
Vhich  they  absolutely  refused  to  accept  upon  any  Terms  what- 
soever, but  declared  they  would  support  themselves  there  by 
Force  of  Arms,  and  that  they  would  spill  their  Blood  before  they 
would  leave  the  said  Lands ;  whereupon  the  Deponent  proceeded 
to  serve  two  Declarations  of  Ejectment  on  two  principal  'Rina. 
leaders,  and  thereupon  some  of  their  Party  presented  their 
Firelocks  at  the  Deponent,  declaring  it  should  be  Death  for  my 
Man  that  served  a  Declaration  of  Ejectment  there,  but  the 
Deponent  being  well  armed  with  Pistols  pre    eded  to  serve  the 
said  Ejectments,  notwithstanding  they  cont*       '   heir  Firelocks 
presented  against  him  during  the  whole  ^  r<    :hat  after  the 
Deponent  had  served  the  said  Ejectments,  they  declared  with 
one  Voice  tliat  they  would  not  attend  any  Court  in  the  Province 
of  New  York,  nor  would  be  concluded  by  any  Law  of  New  York 
respecting  their  Lands,  and  asked  the  Deponent  how  he  would 
get  Possession  after  he  had  got  Judgments  against  them,  who 
replied  lie  should  bring  the  High  Sherif  to  put  him  in  Possession 
to  which  they  replied  tliey  would  suffer  no  Sheriff  to  come  upon 
the  Ground,  to  which  the  Deponent  replied,  that  if  they  resisted 
the  Civil  Officer,  he  would  apply  for  the  Assistance  of  the 
Regular  Troops  which  were  hard  by,  as  it  was  their  Duty  to 
assist  the  Civil  authority,  and  that  it  was  High  Treason  for  them  to 
fire  on  his  Mnjesty's  Troops,  to  which  they  answered  tliat  if  liis 
Majesty's  Troops  came  to  assist  the  Civil  Officer  to  put  any  Man 
in  Possession  there,  they  should  have  hundreds  of  Guns  fired  at 
them,  and  tliat  tliey  further  said,  it  was  the  universal  Agreement 
of  the  People  in  that  Country,  as  the  Deponent  understood  in  it« 
whole  Extent  from  North  to  South,  to  defend  themselves  by 
Force  of  Arms,  in  opposition  to  every  attempt  in  support  oi  the 


31  VBW  BAMJWHIRK  OBAMT8. 


8^7 


Titles  to  Lands  there  under  the  Province  of  New  York,  and  that 
MY  could  raise  Multitudes  of  Men  for  that  Purpose,  sometimes 
meDtioning  a  thousand,  sometimes  two  thousand,  and  sometimes 
five  hundred  Men ;  That  notwithstanding  their  Declarations  and 
Menaces ;  this  Deponent  is  fully  satisfied,  that  he  could  reduce 
them  to  due  Order  all  over  the  Country  with  fifty  Men,  and  this 
Deponent  further  saith,  that  one  of  the  Settlers  on  his  said  Land 
expressing  a  Willingnesss  to  submit,  and  to  take  a  Lease  from 
this  Deponent,  was  threatened  by  the  rest  of  the  Company,  that 
if  he  did,  or  acknowledged  this  Deponent  to  be  his  Landlord, 
his  House  should  be  burnt  over  his  Head  before  the  next  Morn- 
ing and  he  also  if  he  did  not  fly,  though  this  Deponent  declares 
they  acknowledged  they  had  no  Right  to  that  Part  of  the  Land, 
but  tbey  insisted  that  no  Person  should  hold  any  Land  there 

under  any  New  York  Title. 

David  Woostkr. 
Sworn  this  20*  Day  of  February,  ., 

1773.    Before  me.  .  '^ 

Daniel  Horsmanden. 

•  •  Dtyio  WowTKn,  who  signed  the  above  affidavit^  was  afterwards  Major 
General  in  the  Revolutionary  War.  He  was  born  in  1711 ;  graduated  at  Yale  in 
1738  and  while  opposing  a  detachment  of  British  troops,  whose  object  was  to 
destroy  the  public  stores  at  Danbury,  was  mortally  wounded  at  Ridgfield,  April 
27  ud  died  May  2, 1777.    Almw! 


* 

•n^  ■■ 

m 

*  '    ' 

■  ..'Mi 

-■■  ■  f 

■  t  . 

» , 

-  #'^ 

*, 

(1 

fm 


H 


f\ 


..    i 


LORD  DARTMOUTH  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

#  [Lend.  Boo.  XLIII.]  |r> 

WhitehalllOi»>  April,  1773,    No.  8.  ^^ 

Sir,  *'^'^^' 

The  Lords  of  Trade  having  in  a  Report  to  the  Lords  of  the 
Committee  of  Council,  stated  several  considerations  and  propo- 
sitions respecting  the  claims  of  property,  and  possession  of  Lands 
lying  between  the  River  Connecticut  and  a  supposed  similar 
curve  Line  at  the  distance  of  20  miles  from  Hudson's  River, 
His  Maj"y  has  been  pleased,  upon  a  Report  from  the  said  Com- 


;i' 


coMmovxRsy  respecting  the 


J    1 


mittee,  to  approve  the  serecal  propositions  recommended  br  tliA 
Board  of  Trade,  and  I  have  received  his  Maj  h*  Commands  t& 
giye  such  directions  to  you  as  may  be  necessary  liieretipon.  Bat 
as  the  carrying  those  propositions  into  effect  depends  upon  the 
consent  thereto  of  many  persons  having  different  interests  in 
and  claims  to  the  Lauds,  and  upon  their  acquiescnce  thereinuand 
as  there  are  I  conceive  many  Facts  and  circumstances  which 
have  never  yet  been  stated,  that  if  not  attended  to  may  create 
difficulties  that  will  render  the  whole  plan  idx)rtive,  I  tiling  it 
fit,  before  I  transmit  to  you  His  Maj^y  final  Instructions  upon 
80  delicate  and  difficult  a  Matter,  to  state  to  you  what  those 
propositions  are,  and  to  desire  your  full  and  candid  sentiments 
the'^upon. 

The  objects  that  are  stated  to  deserve  attention  in  the  consider- 
ation of  this  business  are  : — 

First,  those  Townships  lying  in  this  district  between  the  River 
Connecticut  and  the  Line  abovementioned  which  were  originally 
settled  and  established  under  Giants  from  the  Govern'  of  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  in  virtue  of  their  Ancient  Charter. 

Secondly,  Tliose  Grants  of  Land  within  the  said  District  made 
by  the  Gtovern*  ol  New  York  previous  to  the  grants  made  by 
the  Govern*  of  N.  Hampshire. 

Tliirdly,  Those  Grants  wliicli  having  been  originally  made  by 
the  Govern*  of  New  Hampshire,  continue  in  the  same  state 
or  have  been  confirmed  by  Grants  from  New  York  as  also  those 
Grants  which  have  since  been  made  by  the  Govern'  of  New 
York  of  Lands  not  within  the  limits  of  any  of  the  Grants  above- 
mentioned. 

On  tlie  ground  of  those  considerations  it  is  proposed:  that  all 
claims  to  Lands  derived  from  the  Grants  of  Townships  heretofore 
made  by  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  should  be  estab- 
lished and  confirmed,  and  the  present  proprietors  quieted  in  their 
possefisions  and  that  all  Grants  whatever  mad«  by  the  Governt 
of  New  York  within  the  limits  of  the  said  Townships  being  in 
HMt  nature  oppressive  and  unjust,  should  be  set  aside,  but  that 
the  persons  claiming  possessions  under  those  Grants  should  upon 
condition  of  their  quitting  such  claim,  receive  grants  under  the 
wal  of  New  York  upon  the  like  Terms  and  Free  of  uU  Expeaoe, 


HE 

'ecommended  by^  tlie 
[aj  *y»  Commands  to 
lary  thereupon.  Bat 
t  depends  upon  the 
liffereut  interests  in 
uiesence  theremi^and 
circumstances  which 
tended  to  may  create 
a  i^rtive,  I  tliink  it 
al  Instructions  upon 
te  to  you  what  those 
,d  candid  sentiments 

ention  in  the  consider- 

rict  between  the  Rivw 
wliich  were  originally 
the  Govern'  of  Massa- 
larter. 

the  said  District  made 
the  grants  made  by 

en  originally  made  by 

lie  in  the  same  state, 

ew  York  as  also  those 

the  Govern^  of  New 

y  of  the  Grants  above- 

is  proposed:  that  all 
f  Townships  heretofore 
Bay,  should  be  estab- 
trietors  quieted  in  their 
mad6  by  the  GoTemt 
id  Townships  being  in 
I  be  set  aside,  but  that 
3se  Grants  should  upon 
ceive  grants  under  the 
,d  Free  of  uU  Expence, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GKAMTS. 


'829 


of  «n  equal  namber  of  acres  in  some  otiier  part  of  the  District 
lying  between  the  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut,  And  that  in 
jfges  whei^^ny^^^^  iniprovement  has  been  made,  the  posses- 
gjf  should  Ireceiiw  fifty  acres  of  waste  lands  for  every  thres 
acres  that  have  been  so  improved. 

That  all  other  Grants  of  Lands  Jiiade  by  the  Govern*  of  New 
York  within  the  district  before  mentioned  antecedent  to  any 
Grants  made  by  the  Govern*  of  l^ew  Hampshire,  be  confirmed, 
provided  it  shall  appear  ^that  posiBSSion  hath  been  taken  and 
improvement  made  therec^. 

Xbat  all  Townships  laid  omt  wdthin  the  said  district,  either  by 

the  Governors  of  New  Hampshire  or  New  York,  and  which  do 

not  include  Lands  within  the  Limits  of  some  antecedent  Grants, 

be  established  as  Townships,  according  to  the  limits  expressed 

in  their  respective  Chu*ter8,  axxA  that  all  persons  posessed  of 

shares  in  those  Townships,  whether  as  osriginal  Grantees  or  by 

Ii^itance  or  coav^ance,  and  upon  which  shares  actual  settle- 

Bient  and  Improvement  have  been  made,  be  quieted  in  such 

possession,  Tvithout  being  bound  to  any  other  condition  of  quit 

ifflts  or  oth^wise,  than  what  is  contained  in  the  original  Grant. 

That  some  short  and  effectual  mode  be  established,  by  act  of 

Legislature  or  otherwise,  for  ascertaining  by  the  Inquest  of  a 

Jury,  the  state  of  possession,  settlement  and  Improvement, 

upon  all  lands  within  the  said  district,  daimed  under  grants 

made  by  the  Gov«m"  of  New  Hampsliire  or  New  York,  and 

that  all  such  Lands,  which  shall  by  the  verdict  of  such  Jury 

^pear  never  to  have  been  possessed  or  improved,  as  also  all 

other  Lands,  which  Iwive  not  been  granted,  be  disposed  of  in 

such  manner  as  the  King  sliall  think  fit  to  appoint  for  the 

disposal  &  granting  of  waste  lands,  within  the  Province  of  N. 

Yoik,  proi^ion  having  been  first  made  for  an  equivalent  to 

such  of  the  Claimants  of  Land,  under  Grants  fix)m  New  York 

within  the  old  Massachuset's  Townships,  in  manner  as  before 

directed,  and  also  for  making  good  to  the  Commissioned  and 

DOD  Commissioned  Officers  and  Soldiers,  the  amount  of  their 

several  allotmmts,  under  such  warrants  of  survey  as  they  may 

li&Tfi  already  received,  in  consequence  of  the  Boyal  Proclama- 

tioaof  1763.     ij  %  iirnn  '>-'!  -n^)  ^>v;in.-tr  siift  ^^-M  a]  IsvSui 


I      i 


S-J- 


i' 


'r 


830 


CONTROVEHSY   RESPECTING  THE 


■J  'w^"  ^i*    '  .a 


^-*fl< 


E'^' 


.-^ 


1   « 


,1 


:  kj'  r 


»•  •» 


These,  Sir,  are  in  general  the  Propositions  which  have  been 
suggested  by  the  Board  of  Trade,  and  approved  by  his  Majesty 
in  Council,  and  it  will  be  a  great  pleasure  to  me  to  find  by  your 
Report  that  they  are  satisfactory  to  all  parties,  and  can  be 
carried  into  execution  without  difficulty  or  Discontent. 

I  am  ettc.  Dahtmoctb. 


'^lJ*='^i3- 


m^'j 


MORE  RIOTS. 

Phillip  Nichols  of  Socialborough  in  the  County  of  Charlotte 
in  the  Province  of  New  York  being  of  Full  age  Deposeth  and  Saith. 
That  he  in  Company  with  his  brother  Purchased  a  Tract  of 
land  in  the  Township  of  Socialborough  some  years  Past,  and  by 
their  Industry  have  cleared  and  Cultivated  such  a  Part  thereof 
as  would  afford  them  a  Comfortable  Maintainance  could  they 
Enjoy  it  Peaceably,  and  the  Deponent  further  saith,  as  he  \m 
Traveling  the  Road  not  Far  from  his  Farm  in  the  month  of  April 
last  Paf»t,  where  he  was  attacked  by  a  man,  one  of  those  that 
call  themselves  the  Mob  and  with  a  Club  that  he  had  in  his  hand 
Beat  the  deponent  very  much  both  with  the  club  and  with  his 
Fist,  soon  afterwards  one  Sllvlnas  Brown  and  William  Post,  came 
to  the  Deponent  when  he  was  at  Work  in  his  Field  and  Told  the 
Deponent  he  had  no  Business  there  and  that  he  should  not  work 
there  no  more,  and  ordered  the  deponent  to  pull  down  the  Fences 
he  had  Put  up  with  these  and  sundry  other  threatens  the  Depo- 
nent left  the  Field  and  the  said  Brown  and  Post  went  to  Puttbg 
down  the  Fences  and  laid  the  Field  waste ;  soon  afterwards  the 
said  Brown,  Post  and  one  Michael  Whitney  Took  Possession  of 
the  Deponants  Farm  and  will  not  suffer  the  Deponant  to  go  on 
it,  being  Deprived  of  Benefit  of  the  law  in  this  Part  of  the 
Country  the  Deponant  is  obliged  to  Work  by  days  Work  to  Get 
his  Bread  and  Further  Satth  not.  Philip  Nichols. 

Charlotte  County  ss.  Personally  came  before 
me  the  Sibove  Subscriber  Phillip  Nichols  and 
made  solemn  oath  to  the  Truth  of  the  above  '     * 

Deposition.    Before  Benja.  Spencer  Jus««  Peace. 

In  Council  April  28  1773.    Mr.  Chief  Justice  Horsmanden 
ordered  to  issue  his  warrant  for  the  arrest  of  the  above  rioters. 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  ORANTS.     ■) 


831 


GOV.  TRYOiN  TO  LORD  DARTMOUTH.  .  '^ 

[Lond.  Doo.  XLIII.] 

.^f  .^  •  ^      New  York  July  1«  1773. 
My  Lord. 

The  confidence  with  which  your  Lor  dp  is  pleased  to  honor  me 
in  your  dispatch  N"  8,  as  it  is  a  proof  of  your  favourable  opinion 
calls  for  my  gratitude.  However  difficult  and  delicate  the  task, 
I  should  be  wanting  in  duty  to  my  Sovereign,  and  respect  to 
your  LordP  if  I  did  not  readily  obe^  your  commands  by  com- 
municating without  reserve,  my  candid  and  undisguised  senti- 
ments on  so  interesting  a  subject.  Tiiis  appears  to  me  the  more 
necessary,  as  your  Lordp  seems  to  be  apprehensive,  with  good 
reason,  that  there  are  facts  and  circumstances  unstated,  the 
knowledge  of  which  may  be  found  essential  to  any  plan  for 
reestablishing  the  public  tranquility  to  a  province  unfortunately 
invrolved  in  disputes  with  several  of  the  neighbouring  govern**. 

Your  Lordp  is  already  apprised  that  tlie  measures  recommended 
by  the  Lords  of  Trade  cannot  be  carried  into  execution  without 
the  authority  of  the  Legislature,  and  you  will  permit  me  frankly 
to  declare  that  I  think,  I  cannot  flatter  myself  with  the  slightest 
hope  of  procuring  the  concurrence  of  the  Assembly  of  this 
Pwyo®  in  a  scheme  so  repugnant  to  the  claims  of  persons  who 
fiom  their  numbers  and  connections  have  a  very  powerful  influ- 
ence in  the  Colony. 

With  respect  to  that  part  of  it,  which  concerns  the  Land  in 
controversy  between  this  Province  and  the  Massacliusetts  Bay, 
I  foresee  no  great  difficulties  ;  for  the  late  agreement  at  Hartford 
I  believe  will,  if  it  receives  the  Royal  approbation,  happily 
terminate  these  disputes,  whether  they  regard  private  property 
or  public  Jurisdiction.  .-,-;;    .5...  u-.  a  rti>.i\^'uii  *<,.  .vr 

There  are  four  Tracts  of  Land  affected  by  that  Partition,  the 
Manor  of  Renselaerwyck  granted  in  1685,  the  Manor  of  Living- 
ston In  1686,  the  Patent  of  Hosick  in  1688,  and  the  Patent  of 
Westenhook  in  1708,  and  I  do  not  learn  there  are  any  possessions 
nnd«r  eitlier  of  them  to  the  Eastward  of  the  line  agreed  upon 
by  Commissaries. 


(•: 


I  ! 


Jf^  *7*-.^»|-JI^;V 


8S9 


OOHTEOTEBST  KMMTWOtltm  1HK 


,  V     a> 


^'4^    ^, 


>  ;• 


'r--f| ,  - 


i      l: 


"   4^-'  * 


As  these  Grants  are  very  extensive  and  valuable  on  the 
western  side  of  the  Line  and  charged  with  trifling  rents  and 
reservations,  I  have  no  reason  to  imagine  tlie  New  York  Patentees 
will  either  set  up  their  claim  in  the  Massachusetts  Courts  or 
seek  for  a  compensation  out  of  any  other  of  tlie  waste  lands  tliat 
belong  to  the  Crown.  ,\n 

It  is  also  very  improbable  on  the  other  hand,  that  these  N 
Yoric  proprietors  will  meet  with  any  ftirther  troul^Ie  from  th« 
Massachusett^s  Claimants,  whose  titles  and  possessions  on  the 
West  side  of  the  line  are  modern,  and  whose  losses  can  be 
abundantly  recompensed  by  the  Govern*  under  which  they 
settled,  out  of  the  vacant  lands  of  Sagadahoek  which  ai>e  c<Mn. 
prehended  within  the  Charter. 

In  the  list  of  claimants  under  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  I  do  not 
reckon  those  whose  lands  were  discovered  to  be  on  the  North 
side,  which  was  adjudged  on  the  settlement  of  the  controveiiy 
between  that  ProT«*  &  New  Hampshire  in  1739,  to  be  the  North 
boundary  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay.    These  compose  the  Town- 
ships of  Brattleboiough  and  Putney,  and  tliat  part  of  Hinsdale 
which  was  granted  to  Coll :  Howard,  the  first  settlers  of  which 
upon  that  determination  all  acquired  new  Patents  under  New 
Hampshire,  esteeming  the  Massachusett's  title  a  meer  nullity, and 
those  Patents  to  have  issued  through  mistake.    Besides,  My  Loid 
as  to  Brattleborongh  and  Putney,  they  are  both  confirmed  under 
New  York,  and  so  Hinsdale  might  have  been,  if  the  occupants 
either  from  an  unwillingness  to  pay  the  quit  rent,  or  a  slight  of 
tKeir  Interest,  had  not  neglected  to  make  themselves  and  their 
case  known  to  this  Govern*,  until  a  part  of  their  Township  was 
granted  to  Coll :  Howard,  who  brought  over  the  Royal  order  for 
a  grant  of  Ten  thousand  acres,  and  agreeable  to  the  privileges 
given  him  in  the  Mandamus  made  his  Election  of  that  spot. 

To  me  therefore  it  appears  clear,  that  no  person  can 
avail  himself  of  a  Massachusets  title  out  of  the  line  assij 
for  its  North  Boundary  in  1739,  and  I  submit  it  therefore  to 
your  Lord i^  whether  it  will  not  be  inexpedient  to  excite  appli- 
cations to  the  Crown  for  compensations ;  and  to  guard  if 
frauds,  I  must  observe,  tliat  as  some  of  the  New  York  Patents 
extend  several  miles  beyond  the  partition  agreed  toatflart- 


^^  "•;:** 


H 


,-1^, 
-^  * 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


833 


ford,  an  iU  use  may  be  made  of  the  generosity  of  the  Plan  by  a 
concert  between  the  New  York  Patentees,  and  the  Massachu- 
sett's  Possessors  to  set  up  a  very  extravagant  demand  of 
fifty  acres  for  every  three  that  are  improved  by  tlie  latter, 
beyond  the  partition,  and  within  the  letter  of  tlie  New  York 
Patents,  the  Proprietors  of  which  have  made  no  improvements 
there,  as  I  have  already  observed,  and  who,  (the  extent  of  their 
Grants  remaining  out  of  controversy  considered  with  the  small- 
flessof  the  rents  they  are  chargeable  with)  ought  to  be  content, 
though  they  should  receive  no  allowance. 

But  the  chief  objection  that  will  be  raised  against  any  Law 
(Trounded  upon  the  plan  proposed  by  the  Lords  of  Trade  will 
relate  to  the  second  and  third  articles  of  it,  which  respect  the 
disposition  of  the  Country  to  the  Northward  of  the  Massachuaett's 


I  presume  that  their  Lordpp'  were  not  aware  that  the  curve 
line  they  propose  for  the  western  side  of  that  immense  Tract 
which  Is  tlie  object  of  their  Report,  will  run  to  the  Westward  of 
Lake  Champlam,  before  it  reaches  the  Northern  extent  of  this 
ProV*  in  the  latitude  of  45**    But  this,  My  Lord,  will  be  the 
Fact,  for  tho'  the  course  of  the  River  from  Albany  is  Northerly 
to  about  3  miles  to  the  North  of  Fort  Edward,  yet  it  then  takes 
a  turn  for  several  miles  to  the  Southward  of  west,  and  then 
again  a  Northerly  direction  as  far  as  it  has  been  explored,  many 
miles  to  the  westward  of  the  Lakes  George  and  Champlain. 
And  as  the  River  Connecticut  on  the  other  side,  tends  so  far  to  the 
Eastward  of  the  North  as  at  the  45*''  degree  of  latitude  to  be 
ninety  one  miles  from  Lake  Champlain,  your  Lord?  will  perceive, 
that  the  Report  of  the  Board  of  Trade  must  effect  a  great  number 
of  Patents  Granted  under  this  Govern*,  and  give  a  preference  to 
the  New  Hampshire  Claims  home  to   the   waters   of  Lake 
Champlain,  and  to  lands  three  times  as  far  west  as  the  Curve  line 
would  leave  to  the  Massachusett's  Bay,  where  the  intermediate 
distance  between  such  curved  line  and  the  Connecticut  River, 
does  not  exceed  thirty  miles  ;  the  Rivers  Hudson  anfl  Connecti- 
cut being  there  not  more  than  fifty  miles  apart,  and  were  probably 
thought  to  keep  tliat  distance  when  the  Lords  of  Trade  first 
conceived  the  idea  of  countenancing  an  extent  of  the  N.  England 
Vol.  it.  53 


'  J 


1% 


.'*  ■ 


834 


CONTAOTERSY    RESPECTING   THE 


r,.      « 


claims  to  a  line  so  far  west  as  to  twenty  miles  from  Hudson's 
River. 

The  Patents  under  N.  Toik  witliin  tlie  district  distinguished 
by  the  Report  are  very,  numerouse,  and  contain  many  hundred 
tliousand  acres.  And  as  they  now  belong  to  an  infinity  of 
persons,  in  and  out  of  the  Prov*,  &  valuable  considerations  have 
been  paid  by  the  original  proprietors,  never  to  be  recovered 
back  on  account  of  the  changes  which  time  has  made  in  their 
circumstances  &  situations,  how  is  it  possible,  My  Lord,  to  frame 
any  Law  for  the  distribution  of  justice  to  the  present  claimants  '> 
or  what  prospect  is  there  that  such  a  number  of  persons,  of  all 
Ranks,  Civil  and  Military,  can  be  brought  to  submit  to  any 
project  to  diminish  Estates  that  are  held  under  the  Royal  Grants— 
that  were  bought  for  large  sums,  and  some  of  whicli  have  been 
improved  &  maintained  at  a  still  greater  expence  ?  Indeed,  My 
Lord,  the  task  would  be  a  very  ^difficult  one,  if  we  had  only  to 
deal  with  the  first  Patentees,  but  it  has  become  unspeakeably 
more  arduous  an  \  delicate,  as  tliese  lands  are  now  claimed  by 
creditors  and  bona  fide  purchasers,  under  all  the  modes  of  ulieua- 
tloD,  as  well  as  by  the  original  proprietors  and  their  Heirs. 

And  that  your  Lord?  may  more  fully  comprehend  the  reasons 
that  induce  me  utterly  to  despair  of  the  co-operation  of  the 
Assembly,  I  beg  leave  to  particularize  a  few  of  the  many 
obstacles  to  the  proposed  act,  that  rise  to  my  view  : 

First — Loud  Complaints  will  be  made  of  the  Crown's  reseizing 
of  unimproved  lands  by  those  who  have  had  New  York  Patents 
since  the  Royal  decision  in  1764  for  Tracts  not  before  granted  by 
N.  Hampshire.  For  these  Proprietors  will  insist  that  no  advan- 
tage can  equitably  be  taken  of  their  unsettled  Parcels,  since  the 
non  improvements  are  to  be  imputed  to  the  violence  k  power 
of  the  general  opposition  of  the  N.  Hampshire  Planters  in  the 
vicinity — and  the  justice  of  their  claims  to  an  exemption  from 
the  forfeiture  seems  to  be  strongly  inforced  by  the  neglect  of 
Government  to  aid  them  in  repelling  this  violence,  which  it  must 
be  confessed,  they  have  repeatedly  implored  as  essential  to  their 
deriving  any  benefit  from  their  grants ;  and 

Secondly;  and  even  as  to  such  of  the  New  York  Patentees 
whose  claims  interfere  with  prior  Grants  under  N.  Hampsliire; 


o«- 


.VI-  ,:■.■,' 


i- 


les  from  Hudson's 


NEW    UAMrSHIRE   QKANTS. 


835 


tliey  too  indulge  an  unshaken  confidence  in  their  Titles,  and  are 
encouraged  in  it  by  the  comtuou  suffrage  of  the  Colony— May  I 
not  be  permitted  to  say  more? 

The  two  Provinces  contending  about  this  partition,  it  was 
referred  to  tlie  decision  of  the  Crown.  The  King  was  pleased  in 
1764  to  declare  the  west  Banks  of  Connecticut  River  to  be  the 
Eastern  Boundary  of  New  York,  and  this  considered  with  refer- 
ence to  the  Grant  of  the  Province  to  the  Duke  of  York  in  1664, 
which  conveyed  to  his  Royal  Higliness  all  the  Lands  from  the 
head  of  Connecticut  to  Delaware,  together  with  the  whole  of  the 
River  Hudson,  wldch  is  between  them,  what  room  was  there  for 
questioning  the  Right  of  this  Colony  to  issue  Patents  for  those 
lands?  And  being  issued,  the  Patentees  will  most  assuredly 
assert  and  maintain  their  Title  in  all  the  Forms  in  which  they 
can  be  justified  by  the  Law  of  that  Land. 

Thirdly;  there  are  fifteen  Townsliips  granted  by  New  Hamp- 
shire, and  wliich  have  been  confirmed  by  N.  York.  These  pro- 
prietors, wlio  above  all  things,  have  avoided  to  give  umbrage  to 
Govern*,  or  disturb  the  tranquility  in  both  Provinces,  must 
surely  be  entitled  to  special  indulgencies;  but  thro'  the  troubled 
State  of  the  Country,  great  Part  of  these  Townships  remain  still 
unimproved,  and  their  case  will  be  thought  singularly  hard,  if 
they  are  to  loose  the  unsettled  parcels. 

Fourthly;  difficulties  will  also  attend  the  provision  that  is  to 
oe  made  for  the  Officers  and  Soldiers,  who  are  the  objects  of  the 
Royal  promise  in  the  Proclam*"  of  the  7«i»  Octob'  1763 — I  cannot 
comprehend  in  what  way  the  value  of  their  lands  and  improve 
raents  is  to  be  adjusted  without  expence  to  themselves;  nor  by 
what  arguments  they  can  ever  be  persuaded  to  dismiss  their 
clidms  until  they  are  actually  vested  with  the  equivalents. 
Besides  many  of  these  Military  Grants  are  now  owned  by  other  , 
persons  who  have  paid  for  their  possessions  and  will  never  become 
volunteers  in  the  cession  in  the  expectation  of  other  Tracts,  i 
while  there  is  reason  to  apprehend,  that  the  residue  of  the  Land 
in  tlie  district,  out  of  which  they  are  to  be  satisfied,  (free  from 
claims)  is  not  of  sufficient  value,  its  remoteness  and  quality 
considered  to  compensate  for  the  surrender  of  what  they  hold 
by  their  Patents. 


M 


'J^h 


f! 


I   ■  \  t 


s». 


mi ' '  ■  1 


*    « 


V 


■r 


839 


COMTBOTKKST   RUPECTIirO  THE 


Fifthly ;  how,  My  Lord,  can  the  State  of  the  possessions,  and 
improvements  which  are  to  remain  to  tlie  Patentees  be  settled 
by  Inquests  in  so  extensive  a  Woodland  Country  will  not  the 
partial  prejudices  that  prevail  In  the  respective  Provinces  of 
New  York  and  N.  Hampshire  exclude  the  Inhabitants  of  both 
as  Incompetent  Tryers  ?  and  by  whom  is  the  expence  to  be 
sustained  1  This  will  be  considerable,  for  disinterested  and  fujr 
Jurors,  must  be  brought  from  distant  places.  I  shall  only  add 
My  Lord, 

Sixthly :  that  scarce  any  measure  can  raise  a  more  general 
discontent  in  this  Colony,  than  a  Law  to  vacate  Patents  Ibr 
nonsettlement — those  of  which  the  advantage  might  be  taken 
are  many,  and  the  dread  of  a  precedent  of  this  kind  will  unite 
all  the  Landholders  to  oppose  a  project  so  alarming  to  their 
Interest  I  will  not  presume  to  say,  there  is  no  instance,  in  which 
the  avarice  of  a  Patentee  ought  not  to  expose  him  to  the  forfeiture 
on  the  condition  for  settlement;  But"  I  must  nevertheless  observe  to 
your  Lordp  that  some  of  these  patentees,  plead  in  excuse  that  tlieir 
improvements  have  been  obstructed  by  tlie  Incursions  of  the 
Savages,  or  by  the  disputes  with  the  neighboring  Colonies,  and 
that  it  is  the  general  opinion,  that  the  Prov*  is  improved  accord- 
ing  to  its  Population,  and  that  the  Burthen  of  the  Quit  Rents,  is 
sufficient  spur  to  sales  and  cultivation. 

I  should  be  happy.  My  Lord,  after  shewing  the  improbability 
of  executing  the  plan  proposed  by  the  Lords  of  Trade  if  I  may 
be  able  to  suggest  any  other  in  its  place  to  answer  tlieir  Lordpp* 
benevolent  designs  of  appeasing  these  animosities,  which  have 
given  so  much  trouble  to  the  administration,  &  daily  aiford  new 
ground  for  serious  apprehension. 

In  contemplating  the  state  of  this  Country,  it  is  material  to 
observe ;  that  there  are  one  hundred  and  fourteen  Townships 
of  Six  miles  square  granted  by  New  Hampshire,  besides  those 
fiflfeen  which  have  been  confirmed  by  New  York ;  that  the 
Patents  under  this  Prov*  to  officers  and  soldiers,  &  others 
included  about  six  hundred  thousand  acres  ;  that  many  of  those 
grants  interfere,  and  that  it  is  almost  impossible  to  ascertain  what 
part  of  any  N.  Hampshire  Patent  is  included  in  the  Grants  under 
N.  York,  for  as  N.  Hampsljire  proceeded  with  preciptancy  and 


'i. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


837 


)  possessions,  and 
tentees  be  settled 
ntry  will  not  the 
tlve  Provinces  of 
[habitants  of  both 
the  expence  to  be 
interested  and  fair 
I  shall  only  add, 

lise  a  more  general 
vacate  Patents  for 
;e  might  be  taken 
vis  kind  will  unite 
alarming  to  their 
>  instance,  in  which 
bim  to  the  forfeiture 
irertheless  observe  to 
\  in  excuse  that  their 
he  Incursions  of  the 
loriug  Colonies,  and 
is  improved  accord- 
of  the  Quit  Rents,  is 

ig  the  improbability 
s  of  Trade  if  I  may 
nswer  their  Lordpp* 
losities,  which  have 
&  daily  afford  new 

Itry,  it  is  material  to 
fourteen  Townships 
Lshire,  besides  those 
lew  York  ;  that  the 
soldiers,  &  others 
,,  that  many  of  those 
Ible  to  ascertain  what 
Id  in  the  Grants  under 
lith  preciptancy  and 


without  previous  Surveys  to  seize  a  priority  of  possession,  and 
thereby  countenance  their  Claim,  there  is  the  utmost  uncertainty 
in  the  description  and  bounds  of  these  Grants ;  and  it  is  more 
than  probable  that  they  would  be  found  upon  a  survey  to  inter- 
lock witli  each  other  or  spread  beyond  the  breadth  of  the  Country 
in  which  they  are  supposed  to  be  contained. 

That  these  Cliarters,  grant  priviledges  conformable  to  the 
popular  Bias  of  the  New  England  Colonies 

That  the  Eastern  part  of  this  Country,  comprehend  [ed  |  in 
our  New  Counties  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester,  pay  a  cheer- 
ful submission  to  this  Govern*  and  *,hat  none  of  the  Inhabitants 
even  on  the  most  w\^sterly  Parts  of  the  Counties  of  Albany  and 
Charlotte,  where  th^  New  York  Patents  chiefly  clash  with  the 
New  Hampshire  grants,  ave  desirous  of  a  change  of  Jursdiction 
for  any  other  reason,  tlian  because  they  ^nceive  hopes  of  a 
support  of  their  Charters  and  clairar  hy  the  Juries  and  Courts 
of  Law  in  that  Province. 

Whence  it  results,  and  rT>o^e  especially  *^  the  malady  con- 
sists in  the  double  Grant  of  tlie  «^arae  lands  to  different  persons 
that  independent  of  the  original  right  of  this  Provin  ■  md  the 
Royal  decision  in  1764,  there  are  the  most  cogent  reasons  for 
continuing  under  the  Govern*  of  New  York  and  suffering  the 
doctrine  to  pevail,  that  all  the  grants  within  it  under  the  seal  of 
N.  Hampshire  are  void. 

I  feel  therefore  a  very  sensible  pleasure  in  the  reflection  that 
I  need  be  at  no  pains  to  assign  any  reasons  to  your  LordP 
against  a  Recision  of  the  declaration  of  July  1764,  for  I  collect 
from  your  Lor'^p's  correspondence  that  His  Majesty  has  no 
intentioii  at  pre-^  Jt  of  changing  the  Jurisdiction. 

Your  Lord?  has  doubtless  adverted  to  the  smallness  of  the 
rent  reserved  to  the  Crown  by  these  numerous  Charters  under 
N.  Hamp''  ii'e;  and  it  is  my  duty  to  observe,  that  there  is  more 
than  ground  for  mere  conjecture,  that  they  would  under  that 
Govern*  be  totally  lost.  Issued  as  they  were  without  Surveys, 
and  for  lands  described  without  accuracy,  and  often  clashing 
with  each  otlier,  a  handle  would  be  made  of  their  uncertainty 
for  the  purpose  of  eluding  the  payment  and  performance  of  the 
qoit  Rents  and  conditions  by  a  spirit  of  litigation,  which  would 


U1I 


1 


838 


COITTROTERST   KESPECTIirO  TH£ 


If 


i     ^ 


f 'l^*  Ik 


m  4  vr  r^* 


^d*^'l 


'h^ 


'A  ;. 


be  restless  and  active  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  Planters 
fn  liice  circumstances,  and  tiie  popular  aversion  to  all  verdicts  in 
favor  of  the  Crown. 

I  understand  it,  My  Lord,  to  be  a  question  of  Law  between 
the  Patentees  of  both  Govern'*  whose  is  the  best  title?  and  that 
they  are  obstinate  in  their  claims  it  must  receive  a  determina- 
tion in  the  Courts  of  Justice.  Certainly,  both  Govern^s  had  not 
authority  to  issue  grants  of  the  same  Lands. 

If  there  is  no  hope  of  a  decision  from  the  Legislative  author- 
ity, the  only  prospect  of  a  speedy  restoration  of  the  common 
tranquility,  must  depend  upon  Govern**  prevailing  with  one  or 
other  of  the  contending  parties,  to  make  voluntary  cession  of 
their  claims.  For  reason?  to  be  mentioned  in  the  sequel,  I  am 
not  to  expect  that  the  N.  York  grantees  will  come  into  such  a 
measure;  but  I  do  not  despair  that  this  event  may  be  effected 
on  the  other  side,  if  the  present  opportunity  is  speedily  embraced. 
I  believe.  My  Lord,  that  the  claimants  under  New  Hampsliire 
may  be  induced  to  throw  up  their  Charters  wpcni  terms. 

The  discontented  inhabitants  of  Bennington  have  declared 
their  readiness  to  submit  to  the  Royal  opinion  in  this  contro- 
versy upon  an  apprehension,  that  it  must  one  day  come  before 
His  Maj'y  in  a  Court  of  Error.  The  point  they  hold  is,  that 
the  order  of  1764  settled  the  Jurisdiction  only  from  that  time, 
and  that  a  prior  grant  under  N.  Hampshire  is  valid. 

As  these  are  the  most  tenacious  asserters  of  that  Doctrine  and 
Claim,  I  cannot  help  wishing  for  some  new  declaration  of  his 
Maj*y'»  mind  upon  this  subject,  for  if  their  title  should  be  deemed 
void,  and  an  immediate  submission  take  piece  in  this  quarter  it 
will  doubtless  prevail  throughout  the  whole  extent  of  the  con- 
troverted Territory.  And  even  upon  the  supposition  that  this 
desirable  end  should  require  compensations  from  equitable  con- 
siderations, towards  the  N.  Hampshire  claimants  yet  if  proper 
distinctions  are  attended  to,  it  may  be  effected  witliout  anj 
Tragical  consequences  to  the  settlers  as  persons  at  a  distance 
and  unacquainted  with  their  real  state  and  condition  may  ima- 
gine. 

In  prosecuting  the  subject  I  must  first  take  notice  of  the 
disparity  between  the  N.  Hampshire  patents  and  those  under 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRAHTS. 


839 


New  York.  The  solidity  of  the  latter  being  nncontroverted  in 
this  Colony,  and  especially  those  issued  after  the  year  1764;  the 
sales  of  them  commanded  high  prices,  not  to  mention  that  these 
patents  cost  very  considerable  sums  for  the  Surveys  and  Fees; 
whereas  the  suspicious  circumstances  attending  the  N.  Hamp- 
shire Grants  rendered  them  proportionably  cheap,  &  the  purchases 
of  them  were  considered  rather  as  gaming  adventures  than 
certain  atad  substantial  acquisitions. 

And  among  these  New  Hampshire  Grants  we  carefully  distin- 
guish between  such  as  are  improved,  and  those  which  from  the 
little  value  set  upon  them,  are  not  only  unsettled,  but  their  very 
situation  not  accurately  known,  except  in  their  relation  to  others 
upon  which  they  are  described  to  abutt,  and  as  they  stand  ranged 
upon  a  general  Plan  of  an  unsurveyed  Territory. 

Again,  My  Lord,  with  respect  to  the  Townships  which  have 
the  name  of  being  settled,  even  these  will  upon  examination  be 
found  to  be  but  few,  and  the  improvements  on  such  slight  esti- 
mation, that  compensating  them  for  their  losses  out  of  the  unset- 
tled Townslups,  or  the  unpatented  part  of  the  Country,  will 
require  no  great  proportion  of  tlie  waste  lands  of  the  Crown. 

At  all  events,  tliese  waste  lands  alone  will  be  more  than  suffi- 
cient for  the  indempnity  of  all  such  of  tlie  N.  Hampshire  Grants, 
as  can  set  up  an  equitable  pretension  to  His  Majesty's  favourable 
notice,  especially  as  the  Crown  can  besides,  ease  the  Grantee  by 
deferring  the  payment  as  well  as  reducing  tlie  quantum  of  the 
quit  Rents,  and  give  a  still  further  relief  by  commanding  that 
the  New  Patents  issue  upon  moderate  Fees  to  tlie  officers  of  the 
Govern*,  and  without  any  to  His  Governor,  if  this  should  be 
thought  reasonable. 

Your  Lordp  may  rest  assured  that  of  all  the  N.  Hampshire 
Grants  interfering  with  Patents  under  N.  York,  there  are  none 
considerable  for  their  improvements,  except  tliat  part  of  Hinds- 
dale  >vbich  was  granted  under  the  Royall  Mandamus  to  Coll. 
Howard,  and  the  Township  of  Bennington  and  one  or  two  more 
in  that  vicinity  ;  &  I  am  persuaded,  that  the  main  difficulty  will 
lay  in  satisfying  tlie  settlers  in  these  Townships,  and  that  His 
Majesty's  Grace  to  the  other  N.  Hampshire  Grantees  will  be  most 
gratefully  accepted.  r  .         v    g   - 


^^ 


■:'   A 


i  i 


■x-u 


1  , .,' 


840 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE 


i 


.J.    It; 


\«f 


-(  i 


I'^^'i 


To  guard  against  any  improper  advantage  that  may  be  taken 
of  liis  Majty's  instructions  in  favour  of  possessions  and  improve- 
ments, Terms  used  in  the  Report  of  tlie  Lords  of  Trade,  I  mv^ 
not  omit  mentioning  to  your  Lord?  that  with  the  Inhabitants  of 
America,  they  are  not  restrained  to  Houses,  and  Barns  and  Lands 
inclosed,  and  prepared  for  the  Scythe  and  Plough,  but  applied 
often  to  a  Tract  of  girdled  Trees,  surrounded  by  dry  loose  brush 
and  a  square  Hutt,  made  of  unhewn  Logs,  and  covered  with  Bark. 

I  am  sensible.  My  Lord,  that  agreeable  to  these  Hints,  the 
peace  of  the  Prov^*  is  to  be  purcliased  at  His  Maj'y'"  expence 
but  there  seems  to  be  an  inevitable  necessity  for  the  sacrifice. 

If  it  be  thought  to  be  most  eligible  for  His  Maj'y  to  take  the 
work  into  his  own  liands,  without  the  Legislative  aid,  which,  I 
fear,  cannot  be  had  in  the  Colonies,  I  hope  your  Lordp  will 
pardon  my  importunity  in  repeating  the  intimation  that  its 
success  will  depend  upon  the  proper  measures  being  immediate'v 
prosecuted.  The  parties  concerned,  who,  in  the  present  Infant 
State  of  this  controversy,  may  now  listen  to  the  Royal  Voice  rnd 
overtures,  will  in  a  very  short  time,  look  only  to  the  Law,  for  a 
settlement  of  their  disputes,  and  when  strengthened  by  numbers 
impoverished  by  Law  suits  and  animated  by  a  concourse  of 
Banditti,  whose  interest  it  is  to  flock  to  such  troubled  quarters 
the  Law  itself  will  loose  the  authority,  and  the  whole  Country 
become  a  scene  of  the  wildest  confusion,  equally  destructive  to 
the  felicity  of  the  subject,  and  the  interest  of  the  Crown. 

But  tho'  I  conceive  the  restoration  of  the  common  tranquility, 
practicable  with  some  liberality  to  the  N.  Hampshire  Grantees, 
yet  nothing  but  a  sense  of  duty  prompts  me  to  urge  it,  forseeing 
as  I  do,  that  in  the  execution  of  the  trust,  much  must  be  left  to 
His  Maj'y'»  servants  in  this  Prov«*,  and  that  the  jealousies  of 
avarice  and  ignorance  of  the  Petitioning  Claimants  will  render 
the  service  neither  desirable  nor  easy. 

Before  I  conclude,  and  for  your  Lordp's  more  ready  compre- 
hension of  my  idea  of  the  State  of  the  Country  in  dispute,  the 
condition  and  situation  of  the  Claimants,  and  what  general 
principles  will  best  suit  tlie  exigency  of  those  affairs,  I  shall  with 
the  utmost  deference  offer  several  propositions  for  your  Lordp's 
attention,  to  which  I  confess  hiyself  a  Convert.  t  ' 


!  ■  il 


KEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


841 


Is  more  ready  compre- 
puntry  in  dispute,  tlie 
Its,  and  what  general 
[lose  affairs,  I  shall  with 
litions  for  your  Lordp's 


That  some  more  easterly  line  be  substituted  instead  of  the 
Carve  line  proposed  ;  be  it  a  continuation  of  the  line  agreed 
upon  at  Hartford,  or  the  western  boundary  lines  of  the  Counties 
of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester,  dividing  them  from  Albany 
and  Charlotte  as  established  by  an  Act  of  our  last  Session  either 
of  which  will  reduce  the  object  of  the  Report  from  that  degree 
of  liberality  to  New  Hampshire,  so  alarming  to  the  Proprietors 
under  New  York. 

That  all  the  New  York  patents  within  this  Govern*  be  declared 
valid  whether  they  do  or  not  interfere  with  prior  or  subsequent 
Grants  under  N.  Hampshire. 

That  all  New  Hampshire  Patents  be  declared  void  being  desti- 
tute of  Legal  foundation.  But  that  all  occupants  under  New 
Hampshire  Grants  not  covered  by  New  York  Patents,  may  have 
confirmations  of  their  Possessions  under  the  Great  seal  of  this 
Prov'«  in  such  propositions,  and  upon  such  terms  as  his  Majesty 
shall  prescribe. 

That  all  occupants  under  New  Hampshire  Titles,  and  witliin 
New  York  Patents,  whether  the  latter  be  prior  or  subsequent, 
have  such  liberal  equivalents  out  of  the  waste  lands,  and  such 
other  indulgences  by  a  suspension  of  Quit  Rents,  as  His  Majty 
shall  think  equitable,  the  situation  of  these  settlers  being  the 
considerati(m  of  the  greatest  hardship  &  difficulty. 

That  all  persons  generally,  who  shall  be  found  to  have  made 
settlements  at  the  time  of  the  Ro}'al  order  for  terminating  these 
differences  be  considered  as  bona  fide  occupants,  it  being  con- 
ceived to  be  impracticable  to  distinguish  them  according  to  the 
different  periods  of  Settling ;  and  that  the  settlers  would  not 
accept  of  such  partial  tho'  perhaps  equitable  distinctions. 

That  a  time  be  limited  for  all  occupants  to  make  their  appli- 
cations to  Govern*,  and  in  failure  to  be  excluded. 

That  the  terras  of  the  future  instructions  upon  this  subject  be, 
as  much  as  possible,  absolute,  and  unaccompanied  with  condi- 
tional Clauses,  that  are  dependant  on  the  dilatory  declaration  or 
the  consent  of  the  interested  Parties.         ,V  ',      ,  ',.   .     .'      .7 

It  only  remains  to  say,  that  the  more  speedy  the  Royal  deci- 
sion; the  more  liberal  the  adopted  principles,  the  greater  the 
Bounty  to  those  New  Hampshire  settlers  who  are  within  the  N. 


.<  i- 


11 


842 


£'..    ** 


.♦,♦ 


'  ^ 


pi"'  ■■  <.  >  jpi 


'  *  '^  *  'ill 


t 


I VI" 

■  J  ■  *  t 


■V,  "    'f' 

4'  ■ 


COMTROVERSY   RISPECTIN6  THE 


York  Patents,  und  the  more  extensive  the  eonfidence  given  to 
his  Majesty's  servants  of  this  Government,  the  more  readily  will 
the  present  storm  be  dispersed,  and  a  iertile  Country  be  reduced 
to  a  state  of  cultivation  and  improvement. 

Notwithstanding  all  this,  I  stand  ready  to  make  any  experi- 
ment with  the  Assembly  which  your  Lordship  shall  be  pleased 
to  point  out.  I  am  to  request  in  the  mean  time  that  your  Lordp 
will  excuse  any  imperfections  in  these  sentiments  as  they  pro- 
ceed from  a  sincere  desire  to  give  you  all  the  information  in  my 
power  with  that  candour,  which  your  commands  and  the  confi- 
dence you  honour  me  with,  call  for.  The  subject  being  unusually 
delicate  and  Difficult,  I  have  made  the  proper  enquiries  respect- 
ing it,  but  in  the  use  I  have  made  of  the  information  procured 
I  have  preserved  the  free  exercise  of  my  own  judgment,  and  the 
whole  is  humbly  submitted  to  His  Majesty's  Great  wisdom,  and 
the  sagacity  of  his  ministers. 

I  am,  with  the  greatest  respect  and  esteem      '^        .  > 
'  '  My  Lord  > 

'  JTour  Lordship's  most  obedient  servant 

Wm  Tryow. 


ft?^''4^ 


..-!ii 


.  I  !.-> 


/  i*. 


»'i 


■  uUi.: 


i. 


i;> 


JAMES  HENDERSON  TO  MR.  MACKINTOSH. 


THE  MOB  DESTROY   COL.  REID's  SETTLEMENT  AT  OTTER  CREEK. 

D""  Sir  ;.'^nif)01--  ^'     ■•;.!. ";'o..i.-»->  t>T    ...i':i„.!"   V'   «  -'i  '-       ,'       , 

We  are  Sorry  To  Acquaint  you  that  Last  night  We  Were 
over  Poured  By  more  Than  one  Hundred  men  Then  H  was 
Demanded  That  We  shoud  Emediatly  Turn  out  Which  We  Were 
obliged  To  Doo,  other  Ways  have  all  our  Baggage  Comited  To 
The  flames.  Our  Houses  are  all  Brunt  Doun.  The  Grist  mill  is 
All  Put  Down,  The  Mill  Stones  Brock  and  Throns  in  To  The 
Creick,  Tin?  Corn  is  all  Destroed  By  There  Horses,  and  When  it 
Was  Proposed  That  We  Shou""  Build  houses  and  Keep  PossioD, 
They  Threatned  To  Bind  some  of  us  To  a  Tree  and  Skin  us 
Allive,  Therfore  We  think  its  imposable  To  us  To  Live  hear  iu 
Peace,  Therefor  as  fast  as  Posable  you  most  Acquaint  The 


NEVr  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


843 


iftdence  given  to 
J  more  readily  will 
juntry  be  reduced 

make  anyexperi- 
p  shall  be  pleased 
ae  that  your  Lordp 
neiits  as  theypro- 
I  information  in  my 
ands  and  the  eonft- 
Ject  being  unusually 
sr  enquiries  respect- 
formation  procured, 
n  judgment,  and  the 
s  Great  wisdom,  and 

;8teem    ''■''-■■' 

-  -■  '       -'  'i 

nt  servant  ' 

Wm  Tryoh. 


ACKINTOSH. 

T   AT  OTTER  CREEK. 

Last  night  We  Were 
ed  men  Then  H  was 
..out  Which  We  Were 
[  Baggage  Comited  To 
aun.  The  Grist  mill  is 
ad  Throns  in  To  The 
Horses,  and  When  it 
jes  and  Keep  Possion, 
|o  a  Tree  and  Skin  us 
To  us  To  Live  hear  in 
most  Acquaint  The 


Colonel  of  the  Contents  and  see  What  Most  Be  Done,  it  is  impos- 
able  that  We  Can  Stay  Long  hear  With  such  Treatment.  Tliis  is 
all  from  your  Humble  Servant  James  Henderson. 

Oter  Creek  August  12«h  1773. 

To  M'  Mackentosh  at  Crown  Foiut.         n 


"i 


ESQ.  MUNRO  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

THE  MOB  AGAIN  BROKE  LOOSE. 


\  ■ 


August  22'i  1773. 
May  it  please  your  Excellency 

I  have  only  time  to  Inform  you  Excellency  that  the  Mob  has 

broke  loose,  a  messenger  brought  me  word  this  minute  that  in 

few  days  the  whole  of  my  property  would  be  burnt  to  ashes, 

few  nights  agoe  all  my  Pot  and  Pearl  ash  with  20  Barrels  of  Pot 

&  Pearl  Ash  was  burnt  to  ashes,  in  the  night  time  but  how  it 

happened  I  cannot  pretend  to  say,  last  night  one  of  the  Mob 

was  taken  by  a  Constable  for  Stealing  a  Horse,  but  the  Mob 

rescued  him  imediately  and  carryed  him  to  Bennington.    I  pray 

for  myself  and  the  few  Friends  to  Government  here  for  that 

relief  and  Protection  which  an  English  Subject  is  Intitled,  to, 

from  their  rage  &  indignation  of  such  a  Rioutous  Mob,  before 

the  Remains  of  my  Property  is  destroyed,  myself  to  Death  and 

my  helpless  family  to  ruin  and  want,  which  is  the  sincere  prayer 

of  Your  Excellencys  DutfuU  Servant 

.x^'V^vrr    '  M.  r  -..- ,  to  com<i  while 

John  Munro. 
Endorsed  1773  Sep*  20.    Read  in  Council. 


MINUTE  IN  COUNCIL  CALLING  FOR  A  MILITARY  FORCE 

TO   PUT   DOWN   THE   BENNINGTON  MOB. 

In  Council  31  •»  August  1773 
His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Council  the  Petition  of 
lieutenant  Colonel  John  Reid  late  of  his  Majesty's  forty  second 


':   i 


>  1" 


844 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


If  v  'I 


m 


'FT* 


or  Royal  Highland  Regiment:  Also  the  Petition  of  Henry  Ert, 
ley,  Godfried  Brookman  and  Johannes  Snouse  with  sundry 
affidavits  and  other  Papers  relative  to  several  late  Riots  in  the 
County  of  Charlotte,  committed  by  Seth  Warner,  Remember 
Baker,  one  Allen,  and  other  Persons  unknown,  in  which  thev 
destro}'ed  a  Grist  Mill,  the  property  of  Col  Reid,  burnt  the  Houses 
of  his  Tenants,  and  pulled  down  those  of  the  Petitioners  Brook- 
man  and  Snouse,  in  the  neighborhood  of  Otter  Creek,  and  his 
Excellency  requiring  tlie  Advice  of  the  Board  thereupon. 

Tlie  Council  considering  tlie  Frequency  and  dangerous  Ten- 
dency of  such  Disorders,  which  have  hitherto  proved  beyond 
the  Power  of  the  civil  Magistrates  to  suppress — That  notlijnff 
less  than  a  Military  Force  in  aid  of  the  civil  authority  can  restrain 
and  put  a  stop  to  these  daring  outrages,  and  that  such  assistance 
is  become  absolutely  and  unavoidably  necessary  to  enforce  obe- 
dience to  the  Laws,  and  restore  Tranquility  in  that  part  of  the 
Country;  are  therefore  unanimously  of  opinion,  and  do  liumblj 
advise  his  Excellency,  to  request  tlie  Commander  in  Chief  of  jiis 
Majesty's  Forces  to  order  a  sufficient  nuniber  of  Troops  to  occupy 
the  Posts  of  Tionderoga  and  Crown  Point,  and  the  officers  com- 
manding them  to  give  such  aid  to  the  civil  Magistrate,  as  he 
shall  from  Time  to  Time  require  for  tlie  preservation  of  the 
publick  Peace,  and  the  due  Execution  of  the  Laws. 


l^-:'f,''iH  'I:    ■?'■      f)       • 


,ui;..Y'i  ^ 


GENi-  HALDIMAND  TO  GOV»  TRYON. 


.:-;V> 


'  1  ^1  / 


.  i.«- J, 


[Lond.  Doo.XLIIL] 

New  York  Sept' 1»' 1773. 
Sir, 

I  have  just  received  the  honor  of  your  letter  of  tliis  day's  date, 
with  the  minutes  of  Council  therewith  sent,  on  wliich  I  beg  to 
make  the  following  observations. 

That  in  the  present  circumstances  of  affairs  in  America,  it 
appears  to  me  of  a  dangerous  tendency  to  employ  regular  Troops, 
where  tliere  are  Militia  Laws,  and  where  the  Civil  Magistrate 
can  at  any  time  call  upon  its  trained  Inhabitants  to  aid  and  assist 


MEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


845 


them  in  the  performance  of  tlieir  Office,  and  the  execution  of 
the  Laws  in  force  against  Rioters,  and  for  the  protection  of  the 
lives  and  properties  of  Hii  Majesty's  subjects. 

That  the  idea,  that  a  few  lawless  vagabonds,  can  prevail  in 
such  a  Govern*  as  that  of  New  York,  as  to  oblige  its  Gov  to  have 
recourse  to  the  Regular  Troops  to  suppress  them,  appears  to  me 
to  carry  with  it  such  reflection  of  weakness  as  I  am  affraid  would 
he  attended  with  bad  consequences,  and  render  the  authority  of 
tlie  Civil  Magistrate  when'  not  supported  by  the  Troops, 
contemptible  to  the  Inhabitants. 

I  have  further  to  observe  that  Crown  Point,  being  entirely 
destroyed  and  unprovided  for  the  quartering  of  Troops  and 
Tieonderoga  being  in  a  most  ruinous  state ;  such  Troops  as  might 
be  sent  thither,  would  not  be  able  to  stay  a  sufficient  time  at 
those  posts  to  render  them  of  much  utility.  .j  {  h  a:->    < 

If  however  you  persist  in  your  request  and  think  it  absolutely 
necessary  to  send  troops  thither,  I  beg  to  know  the  number  of 
Troops  you  will  think  necessary,  &  when  they  may  be  wanted. 
You  will  also  please  to  provide  for  the  expenses  that  may  attend 
their  transportation  ettc  to  these  Posts. 

I  have  the  honor  to  he  with  the  greatest 

esteem  and  respect.  Sir — ^your  ettc 


8Tiv/,afT 


ki. 


Fred:  Haldimand. 


,■.  i 


%On. 


York  Sept'  1^'  1773. 

•letter  of  this  day's  date, 
sent,  on  which  I  beg  to 

pf  affairs  in  America,  it 
fo  employ  regular  Troops, 

Ire  the  Civil  Magistrate 
Lbitants  to  aid  and  assist 


ORDER  IN  COUNCIL  ON  GEN.  HALDIMAND'S  LETTER. 

'  In  Council  September  8">  1773. 
The  Council  proceeding  to  the  Consideration  of  General 
Haldimands  Letter  of  the  1«'  Instant,  observed  that  the  Board 
is  not  unacquainted  witli  the  Laws  and  Constitution  of  the 
Province,  and  owe  that  Regard  to  the  Dignity  of  the  Civil 
Authority  as  not  to  have  advised  a  Requisition  of  the  aid  of  the 
Mihtary  on  the  riotous  Behaviour  of  a  few  lawless  Vagabonds  : 
That  they  conceive  the  General  would  not  have  adopted  such 
sentiments  of  the  administration  of  the  Government  had  his 
Eicellency  been  informed  of  the  particular  situation  of  that  part 


*      ! 


^-'"^^ 


L.     ^      ^     , 


r  '*  *- 1 


846 


OONTBOTSBSY  RESPEXJTIMO  THE 


of  the  Colony — That  the  Board  is  still  of  the  same  opinion  as  to 
Propriety  of  the  Measure,  but  as  Crown  Point  is.demolish'd 
that  two  hundred  Men  to  be  at  the  Post  of  Tieonderoga  as  soon 
as  conveniently  may  be,  is  a  Force  sufficient  to  a£ford  the  proper 
assistance  to  the  Civil  Magistrate  for  the  Preservation  of  the 
Peace— ^That  it  cannot  be  determined  how  long  the  Troops  \rili 
be  wanted,  as  their  Service  will  be  more  or  less  necessary  accord- 
ing to  the  Behaviour  of  the  neighbouring  Inhabitants,  and  the 
Change  or  Continuance  of  their  present  dangerous  Disposition 
and  that  as  to  the  Charge  that  may  attend  the  Transportation  of 
the  Troops  no  Provision  is  made  by  the  Province  out  of  which 
it  can  be  defrayed. 

It  is  Ordered  by  his  Excellency  the  Governor  with  the  advice 
of  the  Council  that  an  Ordinance  issue  establishing  a  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  and  a  Court  of  General  Sessions  of  the  Peace  to 
be  held  annually  in  the  County  of  Charlotte  at  the  House  of 
Patrick  Smith  Esquire  near  Fort  Edward  on  the  third  Tuesdays 
in  the  months  of  October  &  May.       -    »/       -   ii.r  , 


i ' 


i 


I? A. at.  \ 


'  -.    -''       4-' 

„v»  .4?;'  ,  ■    t  -i 


i>    ** 


»;.  !  'W.  ' 


M-Ux.. 


II 


::j-, 


AFFIDAVITS 


RELATING  TO   THE  DESTRUCTION   BY   THE  BENNINGTON  MOB  OF 
COL.   reed's   SETTLEMElST   ON   OTTER  CREEK. 

City  of  New  York  ss.  John  Cameron  of  fuU  age  being  duly 
sworn  deposeth  and  saith  tliat  about  the  latter  End  of  June  last 
he  and  some  other  Families  from  Scotland  arrived  at  New  York. 
And  a  few  Days  after  tlieir  arrival  did  agree  with  Lieutenant 
Colonel  John  Reid  to  settle  as  Tenants  on  his  Lands  at  Otter 
Creek  in  Charlotte  County,  That  Colonel  Reid  did  accompany 
them  '.^  Otter  Ci'eek,  distant  some  Miles  East  from  Crown  Point, 
and  was  at  a  very  considerable  Expence  in  Transporting  them 
and  tlieir  Wives,  Children  and  Baggage  on  so  long  a  Journey 
from  New  York,  That  the  next  Day  after  their  Arrival  at  Otter 
Creek,  the  Deponent  and  otliers  were  in  Company  with  Colonel 
Reid  viewing  the  land,  and  were  met  by  two  New  England  Men, 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GBAMTS. 


847 


jame  opinion  as  to 
int  is.demolisii'd, 
eonderoga  as  soon 
to  afford  the  proper 
'reservation  of  the 
ag  the  Troops  isill 
ss8  necessary  accord- 
ahabitants,  and  the 
dgerous  Disposition, 
16  Transportation  of 
evince  out  of  which 

jrnor  with  the  advice 
ablishing  a  Court  of 
sions  of  the  Peace  to 
otte  at  the  House  of 
on  the  third  Tuesdays 


BENNINGTON  MOB  OF 
rXEK  CREEK. 

of  full  age  being  duly 
(latter  End  of  June  last 
Id  arrived  at  New  York. 
[agree  with  Lieutenant 
on  his  Lands  at  Otter 
^1  Reid  did  accompany 
[East  from  Crown  Point, 
in  Transporting  them 
on  80  long  a  Journey 
er  their  Arrival  at  Otter 

Company  with  Colonel 
two  New  England  Men, 


ho  pretended  a  Right  under  New  Hampshire,  and  who  the  De- 
Donent  was  told  had  settled  about  the  beginning  of  this  Summer 
part  of  Colonel  Reid's  Land  wliich  was  cleared  and  on  which 
Houses  were  built  by  some  of  Colonel  Reid's  former  Tenants, 
who  the  Deponent  was  informed  had  retired  last  year  in  Conse- 
auence  of  Threats  and  ill  usage  from  some  of  the  People  claim- 
injr  under  New  Hampshire.    Tliat  the  Deponent  saw  a  crop  of 
Indian  Corn,  Wheat  and  Garden  Stuft'  on  the  said  cleared  Ground, 
tocether  with  a  stack  of  Hay,  which  the  said  two  Men  claimed 
as  belonging  to  them,  and  to  a  third  Person  who  did  not  then 
appear.    That  the  Deponent  heard  Colonel  Reid  accuse  the  said 
Persons  of  settling  on  his  Lands  of  which  he  had  the  Possession 
for  some  years  past,  before  his  Majesty's  Pleasure  was  known, 
which  he  told  them  was  expressly  contrary  to  an  agreement  which 
was  made  by  some  of  their  own  People  last  year  with  the  Gover- 
nor and  Council  of  New  York.    And  the  Deponent  further  heard 
Colonel  Reid  accuse  the  said  Persons  of  being  the  Cause  of  his 
coming  so  far  a  Journey  to  regain  the  Possession  of  his  Laud. 
That  the  said  Persons  did  agree  voluntarily  to  remove  from 
Colonel  Reid's  Land,  till  the  King's  Pleasure  should  be  known, 
Provided  Colonel  Reid  would  purchase  their  whole  Crop  then 
on  the  Ground,  that  they  might  not  loose  their  Labour,  which 
Colonel  Reid  consented  to,  and  paid  them  the  full  value  for  it 
accordingly,  amounting  as  the   Deponent  was   informed  to 
£61-16-0  York  Currency,  all  which  Colonel  Reid  made  over 
to  his  New  Tenants.    That  the  Deponent  also  heard  there  was 
a  written  Obligation  entered  into  between  Colonel  Reid  and 
the  said  Persons  that  they   would  not  return   or  give   his 
Tenants  any  Trouble  before  his  Majesty's  Pleasure  should  be 
known  which  both  Parties  agreed  to  abide  by.    That  thereupon 
Colonel  Reid  did  give  peaceable  possession  to  the  Deponent  and 
his  other  Tenants  in  the  Presence  of  two  Justices  of  the  Peace 
for  Charlotte  County,  and  the  Deponent  had  not  the  least  suspicion 
in  Consequence  of  the  fair  and  open  part  which  Colonel  Reid 
acted,  that  he  or  Colonel  Reid's  other  Tenants  would  have  been 
disturbed  in  their  Possessions.    That  Colonel  Reid  did  also  Pur- 
cliase  a  Quantity  of  Provision  and  some  Milch  Cows  for  his 
Tenant  who  have  been  supported  at  his  Expence,  and  did  more 


•'? 


!•  m 


H 


,j 


'i^N,. 


848 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


^  » 


liV'      '^ 


ft  '' 


I)  ;  !?  M 


for  them  than  they  expected  or  he  engaged  to  do.  That  notwith. 
standing  of  tliis  on  or  about  the  Eleventh  Day  of  August  last 
the  Deponent  heard  that  a  Number  of  Armed  men  from  different 
Parts  of  the  Country  were  coming  to  dispossess  Colonel  Rold's 
Tenants,  That  they  accordingly  went  and  turned  James  Hen- 
derson &  others  out  of  their  Houses  which  they  set  Fire 
to  and  burnt  to  the   Ground,   that  fur    two   Days  together 
they  let  loose  about  Fifty  Horses    which   they  brought  with 
thorn  in  a  Field  of  Corn  which  Colonel  Reid  had  Purchased 
and  they  likewise  burnt  a  large   Stack   of  Hay    which  he 
also  Purchased  in  the  same  Manner  from  three  of  tlieir  own 
People  who  had  moved  oft",  That  the  Rioters  on  the  Day  following 
came  to  the  Deponents  House,  headed  by  Allen  and  Baker  and  a 
third  Person  whose  name  he  thinks  is  Warner,  whom  he  discoverd 
from  hearing  them  called  Captains  and  named  by  the  Mob.    Tl  at 
the  Rioters  then  proceeded  to  destroy  a  new  Grist  Mill  which 
Colonel  Reid  has  lately  built,  and  which  the  Deponent  endeavored 
to  dissuade  them  from,  but  the  said  Baker  in  particular  insisted 
that  it  sliould  be  pulled  down,  and  gave  Orders  Accordingly 
which  were  immediately  obeyed,  and  after  they  had  destroyed 
and  tore  down  the  Mill  the  Deponent  saw  them  break  the  Mill 
stones  in  pieces  which  they  threw  down  a  precipice  into  the 
River.    That  the  Rioters  afterwards  turned  the  Deponents  Wife 
and  two  small  Children  out  of  his  House  which  they  also  burnt 
to  the  Ground,  having  on  that  and  the  preceeding  Day  burnt  five 
Houses,  two  Corn  Shades  and  one  Stack  of  Hay,  besides  destroy. 
Ing  the  Field  of  Corn  with  their  Horses  and  pulling  down  the 
Mill.    That  the  Deponent  being  much  incensed  against  tliemfor 
their  base  Conduct  and  cruel  usage  of  his  Wife  and  helpless 
Children  asked  them  by  what  authority  or  Law  they  committed 
such  Violences  to  which  Baker  replied  that  they  lived  outof  the 
Bounds  of  the  Law,  and  holding  up  his  Gun  said  that  was  Ills 
Law.    That  the  Deponent  told  him  .witii  twenty  Good  Men  he 
would  have  undertaken  to  defend  his  House  and  Mill  against 
them,  tho'  as  they  intbrmed  him  they  were  One  Hundred  and 
ten  in  number    The  said  Baker  replied  that  the  Deponent  and 
his  Country  men  were  all  lor  the  broad  Sword,  but  that  they 
were  for  Bush  Fighting.    That  the  Deponent  then  asked  the  said 


NEW  RAMmHIRE  ORAtrTB. 


849 


« 


Baker  if  he  did  not  think  the  Governor  and  Council  of  New 
York  would  take  notice  of  such  Doings,  to  which  the  suid  Baker 
replyed  that  he  dispised  every  Thing  tliey  could  do,  tluit  their 
people  could  assemble  a  great  Number  of  Men  in  Arms,  and 
that  they  could  live  in  the  Bush,  as  he  Termed  it,  and  wore 
resolved  never  to  allow  any  Persons  claiming  under  New  York 
to  settle  in  that  part  of  the  Province,  but  that  if  the  Deponent 
would  join  with  them  they  would  give  him  Lands  for  nothing, 
which  he  rejected.  The  Deponent  further  saith  that  during 
the  Time  the  Rioters  were  imployed  in  the  destruction  of  hig 
House  and  the  Mill,  which  was  situated  on  the  Crown  Point 
Side  of  the  River  called  Otter  Creek,  he  heard  them  give  Ordert 
to  six  of  their  number  with  their  Arms  to  go  and  stand  Gentry 
a  rising  Ground  towards  Crown  Point  to      revent   any 


on 


surprize  from  the  Troops  ifa  the  Garrison  there,  as  he  believe* 
they  were  apprehensive  of  a  Visit  from  that  Quarter,  and  that 
as  soon  as  they  had  finished  the  Destruction  of  the  Mill  and 
the  Deponent's  House,  they  retired  in  their  Canoes  hastily  to 
the  opposite  side  of  the  River  from  whence  they  came,    That  the 
Deponent  was  much  surprized  to  see  among  the  Rioters  Joshna 
Hide  one  of  the  three  men  who  had  entered  into  a  written  obliga- 
tion with  Colonel  Reid  not  to  return  again,  and  to  whom  Colonel 
Reid  on  that  account  had  paid  a  sum  of  Money  for  his  Crop. 
Which  said  Joshua  Hide  appeared  very  active  in  advising  the 
Destruction  of  the  Deponents  House  and  of  the  Mill,  and  the 
Deponent  further  Remembers  to  have  heard  Colonel  Reid  accuse 
tlie  said  Hide  of  breaking  open  the  Door  of  the  House  of  which 
lie  had  taken  Possession  about  the  beginning  of  Summer  which 
the  said  Hide  acknowledged.    That  the  Deponent  heard  one  of 
the  Rioters  whose  name  he  thinks  was  Warner  acknowledge  that 
lie  and  a  number  of  his  Companions  had  on  that  occasion  come 
a  great  Way  from  home,  that  they  had  been  four  Days  on  the 
Road ;  and  had  travelled  one  hundred  and  twenty  Miles.    That 
the  Deponent  did  remain  about  three  weeks  at  Otter  Creek  after 
the  Rioters  dispersed,  in  hopes  of  hearing  from  Colonel  Reid,  and 
that  the  Government  of  New  York  would  fall  on  some  Method 
of  Protecting  him  and  his  fellow  Settlers  from  any  further 
violenfe  from  the  Rioters,  but  that  having  no  House  and  being 
Vol.  it.  54 


I  t 


.  * 


fit.'' 


:f  • 


'fir:f''.^% 


I 


4 


,*  ?^'^ 


3i'i  '-J''    . 


^^ 


1  a1;'»<r  r  <'   ■»  ^        '^ 


i 


.yt-- 


■f.    f 


nfi-h  ■  •    ■ 


'fe. 


8M 


(st^fv^vsgav  utapicTiiro  the 


exposed  to  the  ni  \'v  ue  .va£  unfortunately  seized  with  Fever 
and  Ague,  and  thereibre  obliged  to  retire,  That  some  of  hii 
companions  had  gone  beKbro  and  the  rest  were  to  follow,  they 
having  received  notice  from  the  Rioters  that  some  of  their 
Number  were  determined  immediately  to  take  Possession  of  the 
Laud  which  hod  beep  90  cleared  by  Colonel  Reid's  forioer 
Tentmts  notwithstanding  of  the  written  Agreement  which 
Colonel  Reid  had  entered  into  with  tlie  three  Persons  who  had 
moved  oif  from  his  Land,  and  their  obligation  not  to  return 
before  his  M^jesty^s  Pleasure  should  l^  known.  That  the 
Deponent  on  his  Return  from  Otter  Creek  being  much  reduced 
with  the  Fever  and  Ague,  was  obliged  to  stop  at  the  House  of 
an  Elderly  Man  named  Irwin,  who  lives  about  five  Miles  North 
from  Crown  Point  «n  the  Eastern  Banks  of  Lake  Champlain,  and 
is  one  of  the  Persons  claiming,  under  New  Hampshire,  and  that  at 
the  desire  of  the  said  Irwin  tlie  Deponent  staid  a  night  at  his 
House.  That  in  the  Course  df  Conversation  the  said  Irwin 
iuiorined  the  Deponent  that  Colonel  Reid  had  a  narrow  Escape 
and  he  assured  the  Depor.ent  that  the  said  Baker  with  eight 
Men  had  lain  in  Wait  for  Colonel  Reid  a  whole  Day  near  the 
Mouth  of  Otter  Creek  with  a  deterniinatiun  to  fire  upon  and 
murder  him  on  his  Way  back  to  Crown  Point,  together  with  the 
Men  in  the  Boat  with  him,  that  none  might  remain  to  tell  Taleg, 
but  that  fortunately  for  Colonel  Reid,  he  hod  left  Otter  Creelc 
the  Day  before  contrary  to  the  said  Baker's  Expectation.  That 
the  said  Irwin  disapproved  of  such  Bloody  Intentions,  and  said 
that  for  his  part  if  the  Land  he  was  upon  was  confirmed  to  the 
Person  claiming  it  under  New  York,  he  would  either  move  off 
or  be  Willing  to  Purchase  such  Person's  Right.  And  further 
this  Deponent  saith  not. 


Ui  'irii;i 


John  Camkon. 


Sworn  at  the  City  of  New  York  this  25ti«  ^^.    . 
Day  of  Sept'  1773  Before  me 

Dan  :  Horsmakden. 


:.f? 


Charlotte  County  as:  James  Henderson  Settler  under  Colo  Keid, 
deposeth  that  on  Wednesday  the  Eleventh  August  last  past 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  ORANTI. 


851 


seized  wltH  Fever 
That  lome  of  hli 
)re  to  follow,  they 
tliat  sonie  of  their 
.e  Possession  of  the 
onel   Reld's  former 
Agreement  which 
ee  Persons  who  had 
jation  not  to  return 
known.     That  the 
seing  much  reduced 
op  at  the  House  of 
out  five  Miles  North 
Lake  Champlain,  and 
[amp8hlre,andthatat 
staid  a  night  at  his 
jation  the  said  Irwin 
had  a  narrow  Escape, 
said  Baker  with  eight    I 

whole  Day  near  the 
ition  to  fire  upon  and 
oiut,  together  with  the 
lit  remain  to  tell  Talen, 
Le  had  left  Otter  Creek 
'8  Expectation.    That 
ly  Intentions,  and  said 
was  confirmed  to  the 
ould  either  move  off 
Right.    And  further 

joBM  Cameoh. 


■ 

Isettler  under  Col«Reid, 
enth  August  last  past 


aDOUt  Midday,  as  he  and  three  other  Men  of  Col"  Reid's  settlers 
were  at  work  in  the  Meadow  at  their  Hay,  they  were  surprized 
by  about  T^Venty  Men  armed  with  Guns,  swords  and  Pistols, 
who  inquired  of  the  Deponent  and  Ids  Companions  if  tliey  lived 
In  the  house  some  timebefoie  occupied  by  Joshua  Hide,  to  which 
they  replyed  no,  that  the  Men  who  belonged  to  that  house  were 
absent  about  Business,  the  Rioters  then  told  the  Deponent  und 
Ills  Companions  tliat  they  must  go  along  with  tliem  (as  they 
coud  not  understand  the  women)  and  March'd  tliem  prisoners 
Guarded  before  and  beliind  like  Criminals  to  the  house  where 
they  Join'd  tlie  rest  of  the  Mob  in  Number  about  one  Imndred 
or  more  men  all  arm'd  as  before,  and  who,  as  the  Deponent  was 
told  by  the  women  had  let  tliere  horses  loose  among  the  corn 
and  wheat  whicli  Colo  Reid  had  bought  for  tlie  use  of  the  Depo- 
nent &  the  rest  of  his  settlers  by  which  means  great  part  of  both 
were  Destroy'd,  tiie  Mob  desired  the  things  to  be  taken  out  of 
the  House  otlierwise  tliey  wou'd  be  Immediately  committed  to 
the  flames,  as  they  were  Determined  to  set  fire  to  the  liouse 
without  loss  of  time,  wliich  they  did  accordingly;  then  the  Ring- 
leader (or  Captain)  of  tlie  Mob  whose  name  the  Deponent  after- 
wards learnt  to  be  Ethan  Allen  order'd  part  of  his  gang  to 
accompany  the  Deponent  to  his  own  house  (formerly  built  and 
occupied  by  Capt"  Gray)  in  order  to  prepare  for  the  same  fate 
with  the  other  the  Deponent  and  his  Wife  earnestly  requested 
the  Mob  to  spare  their  house  for  a  few  days  in  order  to  save- 
their  Effects  and  protect  their  Children  from  the  Inclemency  of 
the  weather,  till  they  cou'd  have  an  opportunity  of  removing 
themselves  to  some  safe  place,  but  Captain  Allen  comeing  up 
from  the  fore  mentioned  house,  told  them  that  his  Business 
requir'd  haste  for  he  and  his  gang  were  Determin'd  not  to  leave 
a  house  belonging  to  Colo  Reid  standing.    And  accordingly  in 
a  most  Riotous  &  Rontons  manner  sett  fire  to  the  Deponents 
house  and  iutirely  Consum'd  the  same,  the  Deponent  then  took 
out  his  Memorandum  Book  and  Desired  to  know  tlieir  Ring- 
leader (or  Captain)  name  to  wliich  the  Deponent  was  answered 
by  theCapt"  Who  gave  you  authority  to  ask  for  my  name  he  the 
Deponent  replyM  that  as  he  took  him  to  be  the  Ringleader  of 
le  mob,  an  i  as  he  had  in  such  a  Riotous  and  unlawfuU  manner 


1 1 


li- 


852 


C0NTR0TER87  RESPECTING  THE 


f.     "♦ 


'    » 


.♦*. 


^ 


V 
»  ^ 


ll. 


■^m 


*      *       J- 


M  , 


dispossesad  him  he  had  a  Right  to  ask  his  name,  that  he  might 
represent  him  to  Col®  Reid,  who  had  put  him  the  Deponent  in 
peaceable  Possession  of  the  premises  as  his  Just  property,  to 
which  Allen  answer'd  that  he  wish'd  they  had  Catch'd  Col"  Reid 
that  they  woud  whip  him  severely,  that  his  name  was  Ethan 
Allen  Captain  of  that  Mob  and  his  authority  was  his  arms  point- 
ing to  his  Gun,  that  he  and  his  Companions  were  a  Lawless  Mob 
there  Law  being  Mob  Law,  the  Deponent  replyed  that  the  Law 
was  made  for  Lawless  and  Riotous  People,  and  that  he  must 
know  it  was  Death  by  the  Law  to  Ringleaders  of  Riotous  &  Law- 
less Mobs,  to  which  Allen  answer'd  that  he  had  run  these  woodg 
in  the  same  manner  these  seven  years  past  and  never  was 
Catch'd  yet,  and  told  the  Deponent  that  if  any  of  Colo  Reids 
settlers  oflFer'd  hereafter  to  Build  any  house  &  keep  Possession, 
the  Green  Mountain  boys  as  they  call  themselves  wond  burn 
their  liouses  and  whip  them  to  the  Bargain,  tlie  mob  then  sett 
oflf  to  the  house  formerly  built  and  occupied  by  Lewis  Stewart 
well  they  consumed  in  the  same  manner  as  they  had  done  the 
others,  and  remained  that  night  about  Leonards  house.  Next 
morning  about  seven  o'clock  the  Twelfth  August  tlie  Deponent 
went  to  Leonards  House  to  see  what  further  mischief  the  Mob 
were  going  to  do,  they  were  all  drawn  up  Consulting  about 
Destroying  the  Miln,  those  who  were  for  Destroying  the  Miln 
were  order'd  to  follow  Capt  Allen  in  the  mean  time  Baker  and 
his  gang  came  to  the  opposite  side  of  the  Creek  and  fired  their 
guns,  they  were  Immediately  brought  over,  and  while  they  were 
taking  some  refreshment  Allen  and  his  party  marched  to  the  Miln, 
but  did  not  break  any  part  of  it  till  Baker  Joiud  him,  in  w)ilch 
in  a  Riotous  &  Routous  manner  both  Mobs  Join'd  in  one  by  their 
own  Account  one  hundred  &  fifty  in  number  with  axes,  Crow 
Bar:'>,  liandspiks  &  they  Tore  the  mill  to  pieces,  broke  the  Mill 
Stone  and  threw  them  in  the  Creek,  the  Deponent  observed 
Baker  come  out  of  the  Miln  with  the  Bolt  Cloth  in  his  hand, 
and  (^rawing  his  sword  cut  the  Clotli  to  pieces  and  distribnted  it 
among  the  Mob,  to  wear  in  their  Hatts  as  Cockades  as  Trophyg 
of  their  Victory,  on  the  Deponents  telling  Baker  that  he  was 
about  verry  disagreeable  work:  Bakv^r  answerd  that  it  was  so 
but  he  bad  a  Commission  for  so  doing,  and  shew'd  the  Deponent 


NVW  HJkMPSHIHE  O&AIITS. 


833 


ine,  that  he  miglit 
m  the  Deponent  in 
Just  property,  to 
d  Catch'd  Col"  Reid 
}  name  was  Ethan 
was  his  arms  point- 
f  ere  a  Lawless  Mob, 
plyed  that  the  Law 
5,  and  that  he  must 
rs  of  Riotous  &  Law- 
had  run  these  woods 
)ast  and  never  was 
if  any  of  Col"  Reids 
&  keep  Possession, 
emselves  wond  burn 
tin,  the  mob  then  sett 
ed  by  Lewis  Stewart 
as  they  had  done  the 
jonards  house.    Next 
August  the  Deponent 
,er  mischief  the  Mob 
up  Consulting  about 
Destroying  the  Miln 
mean  time  Baker  and 
Creek  and  fired  their 
_■,  and  while  they  were 
;y  marched  to  the  Miln, 

ir  Joind  him,  in  which 
Join'dinonebytheir 

Imber  with  axes,  CroW 
pieces,  broke  theMiU 
Le  Deponent  observed 
olt  Cloth  in  his  hand, 
lieces  and  distribnted  it 
Ck)ckades  as  Trophyi 
ing  Baker  that  he  was 
answerdthat  it  was  so 
id  shew'd  the  Deponent 


where  his  Thumb  had  been  cut  oflFweh  he  call'd  his  Commission; 
the  Deponent  Concludes  with  deposing  in  General  that  the 
Mobs  Burnt  &  destroyed  six  houses,  destroy'd  the  Miln  and 
broke  the  Miln  stones  &  destroy'd  great  part  of  their  Wheat  & 
Corn  and  Hay  in  a  Riotous  &  Mobbish  manner  and  further 
saith  not. 

James  Henderson. 
Sworn  before  me  the  28*h  September  1773. 

Lachlan  Mackintosh,  Justice  Peace. 


'j,(t«r>     » 


New  York  Charlott  County  ss.  Angus  McBean  settler  under 
Col«  Reid  deposeth  upon  oath  that  between  Seven  &  Eight 
o'clock  in  the  forenoon  of  Thursday  the  12th  August  last  he  met 
part  of  the  New  England  Mob  about  Leonards  house  he  sup- 
poses to  tlie  number  of  sixty  men  or  thereabout  arm'd  with 
Guns  swords  &  Pistols,  that  one  of  them  ask'd  the  Deponent  if 
he  was .  one  of  Col®  Reid's  new  settlers,  being '  answer'd  in  the 
affirmative,  the  same  person  asked  him  what  he  intended  to  do 
to  which  the  Deponent  answer'd  that  he  intended  to  build 
liimself  a  house  and  keep  Possession  of  the  Land,  he  was  then 
ask'd  if  he  meant  to  keep  Possession  for  Col®  Reid  to  wh  he 
ansv  "red  Yes  as  long  as  he  coud,  soon  after  their  Chief  Leader 
whose  name  tlie  Deponent  has  learnt  to  be  Ethan  Allen  came  and 
ask'd  him  if  lie  was  the  man  that  said  he  woud  keep  Possession 
for  Colo  Reid,  being  answer'd  in  the  affirmative.  Captain  Allen 
Dunm'd  his  soul  bii^  he  woud  have  him  he  Deponent  tyed  to  a 
tree  and  skin'd  alive  if  ever  he  attempted  such  a  thing  ;  and 
that  he  &  several  of  the  Mob  said  that  if  they  cou'd  but  catch 
Col"  Reid  they  woud  cut  his  head  off,  and  further  that  Joshua 
Hide  one  of  three  persons  of  whom  Col"  Reid  purchas'd  the 
Crop  in  liis  hearing  advised  the  Rioters  to  burn  or  Tear  down 
Donald  Mcintosh  &  John  Burdans  Houses  as  they  had  both  been 
Assisting  Colo  Reid  that  soon  after  the  Deponent  heard  several 
Guns  fir'd  on  the  other  side  of  the  Creek,  that  some  of  the  mob 
said  that  was  Captain  Baker  and  his  Party  coming  to  see  the 
«port,  and  soon  alter  Baker  and  his  party  join'd  the  Mob,  and 


I 


Ml 
r- ■ 

■till 


■\  ■■ 


It.  * . 


fM' 


'% 


\» 


OONTBOTSBST   BBIPCCTING  THE 


then  all  went  to  tear  down  tha  Grist  Miln  and  the  Deponent 

is  of  oppinion  that  Remember  Baker  was  among  the  tint  that 

Entered  the  Miln,  &.  further  saitli  not. 

Angus  McBean. 
Sworn  before  this  28^^  of  September  1773 

Lachlan  Mackintosh,  J.  Peace. 


'r 


VmZ  BENZEL  TO  GOV.  TRYON.     • 

Sir     . 

The  SS'h  Last,  one  John  Beaders,  come  with  complaints 
before  me,  that  He  has  ben  the  Second  Time,  most  inhumanly 
beaten,  by  a  man,  Unknown  to  Him,  by  name ;  first  with  a  large 
Hickory-Stick,  and  afterwards,  (begging  His  life,)  v;ith  Birch 
Roads,  on  his  bare  back — a  certificate  of  this  unmerciful  beha- 
viour, we  agin,  beg  leave  to  transmit  to  your  Excellency. 

At  a  distance,  where,  as  He  say's  Several  persons ;  and  as  He 
supposes,  New  England  or  Hampshire  claimants;  of  whirh 
only.  He  can  Swear  to  the  presence  of  Captain  Backers  and 
Capt"  Aliens,  (as  they  Stiled  theraselfs)  some  intelligence,  has 
made  them  very  audacious  I  therefore  with  greatest  respect,  and 
humility,  beg's  the  protection,  for  my  Famille,  and  my  Neigh 
bors;  (old  Reduced,  and  disbanded  soldiers;)  The  Blessings 
then,  will  be,  on  His  Must  Gracious  Majesty,  and  His  Representa- 
tive with  wich,  I,  and  all  my  Loyal  neighbors,  are,  and  beg's 
leave  To  continue.  Sir, 

Your  Excellencys  most  faithful  > 

and  most  Obedient  Serv< 

Crown  Point  %  Adolphus  Benzkl.' 

September  2T^  1773.  { 

To  His  Excellency  Govern'"  William  Tryon,  &« 

1  AnoLPHcs  Bkn/.bl,  son  of  ArchHgliop  Elric  Benzol,  of  Upwl  in  Sweden,  came  to 
America  in  the  fall  of  1T49;  settled  at  Wilmington,  Del :  in  the  beginning  of  the  follow- 
ing  year  where  he  muried  in  the  fore  port  of  1752.  He  obtained  a  Commission  in  the 
Br:  service  in  Nov.  1765,  and  was  appointed  Lieutenant  in  the  2d  Bat.  Ist  Iteg.  of  Fool 
on  2d  Janiy  1757,  in  which  corps  he  served  \n  America.  He  left  the  array  in  1770, 
{Army  Lilts  1758-1771,)  and  having  been  appointed  Inapectorof  H.  M.  Woods,  Forest* 
ftnn  unappropriated  Laodbon  L.  Cbamplain  and  in  Canada,  on  the  recommendation,  it  ii 
■aid,  of  Sir  Henry  Moore,  Lord  Dunmorc  and  the  Swedish  Ambassador  at  London.  The 
■alary  attached  to  this  office  was  £300  stg.  per  an.  betidef  travelling  expenocs,  and  m 
many  Deputiei  •■  he  ohM*  ai  5i.  par  diem.— Bo. 


ttd  the  Deponent 
tDg  tlie  fii-st  that 

^Gus  McBean. 

sace. 


NSW  HAMPflBIBX  ABANTS.  ^k 

^  Crown  Point  27*»>  September  1778 

This  is  to  ceitify  thfti  John  Sead^rs  has  hedt  Examined  by 
me,  and  that  he  has  been  oiQSt  iwhumanlj  beaten'd  by  some  of 
the  New  Hamshire  Biote]r9. 

Thos.  Sparham  Surgeon. 


lYON. 

5  with  complaints, 
e,  most  inhumanly 
,e ;  first  with  a  large 
is  life,)  ^ith  Birch 
s  unmerciful  beba- 
r  Excellency, 
persons  ;  and  as  He 
laimants ;   of  which 
Captain  Backers  and 
pme  intelligence,  has 
greatest  respect,  and 
lille,  and  my  Neigh- 
iers  ;)  The  Blessings 
,  and  His  Representa- 
ibors,  are,  and  beg's 


lient  Serv* 

LDOLPHUS   BeNZT-L.' 

iron,  &' 

of  rp«il  in  Sweden,  came  to 
in  tbe  beginning  of  the  foUw- 
lobtwned  a  Commission  in  tiw 
the  2d  Bat.  let  Reg.  of  Foot 
He  lea  the  army  in  ITTO, 
lpectorofH.M.Wood^Fot.8ti 
y  on  the  repommendfltion,  '1  u 
t  Arobaasador  at  London.   The 
[det  tweUlDg  expcnocs,  and  m 


MINUTES  OF  COUNCIL  pSPECtiNG  GARRISONING 

TICONDtROGA. 

-'''■■■'••  "     tl*  Council  September  SO**"  1773. 

His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  from 
General  Haldimand  of  the  11*  Instant,  acquainting  his  Excel- 
lency that  since  his  Requisition  that  two  hundred  of  the  Kings 
Troops  should  be  Stationed  at  Crown  Point  and  Tieonderoga,  he 
had  inquired  particularly  into  the  State  of  the  Buildings  at  those 
Places,  and  finds  that  they  cant  give  cover  in  Winter  to  more 
than  fifty  Men,  but  as  he  wishes  to  shew  the  greatest  readiness 
in  complying  with  his  Requisition,  and  take  every  Measure  he 
may  advise  for  suppressing  Riots  and  keeping  the  Peace  of  the 
Province ;  he  proposes  (if  his  Excellency  thinks  it  will  be  of 
consequence  so  late  in  the  season)  to  order  two  hundred  Men  to 
Crowil  Point  and  Tieonderoga,  to  remain  till  the  1«»  of  November, 
when  the  Season  will  make  it  liecessary  for  one  hundred  and 
3fty  of  them  to  seek  shelter  and  retire  to  Winter  Quarters. 

And  his  Excellency  requiring  the  advice  of  the  Board  on  the 
General's  Letter. 

The  Council  were  of  opinion  that  the  Season  is  too  far 
advanced  for  the  Troops  to  be  of  any  essential  Service  ;  and  that 
as  there  are  Quarters  only  fdr  fifty  Men  during  the  Winter,  the 
aid  required  is  necessarily  postponed. 


•  \ 


l<^ 


'I 


H 


M' 


*f 


•56 


COMtROTfiRVY  ItBiPKCTINO  THS 


SIV 


is^:'-f 


LORD  DARTMOUTH  TO  GOV»  TRYON. 


[Lond.]>oo.  XLm.  ] 

Whitehall  October  14t»>  1773, 


in 


.r< 


Sir 

The  inclosed  extract  of  my  letter  of  this  day's  date  to  General 
Haldiband  will  inform  you  that  the  King  does  not  think  fit  that 
His  Maj»y'»  Troops  should  be  drawn  out  in  aid  of  the  Civil  power 
ra  the  Colonies,  unless  in  cases  of  absolute  and  unavoidable 
necessity  ;  and  that  your  requisition  in  consequence  of  the  advice 
of  your  Council  is  not  under  all  the  circumstances  of  it  approved 
by  his  Majesty.  I  am  ettc 

;1  ,  ._',-  ...,,  ,  Dartmouth. 


ft'o-i 


'^«;ii 


f  *    H 

■•{>/. 'J 

■"'^     '    APPLICATION  FOR  AN  ARMED  FORCE 

TO  PEOTECT  THE    SETTLERS    OF  DURHAM  FROM  THE  BENNINGTON  MOB, 

,,„.   .       To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  Captain 

,,  -  .  .       General  and   Governor  in  Chief  in  and  over  tho 

,;,,.•;        Province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  depending 

i.  thereon  in  America  Chancellor  and  Vice  Adruiralof 

'  •       the  Same, 

/    The  Petition  of  Benjamin  Hough  and  many  other  of  his 
Majesty's  Subjects  inhabiting  the  County  of  Cliarlofte 
,,  .        and   the   North  Eastern  District  of  the  County  of 
,       Albany.//,     ,     :.:....  f..  ,.y  :.■ .    ■■     ,  ■ 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  the  Petitioners  are  faithful  Subjects  of  liis  Afajesty  and 
have  always  Demeaned  themselve  dutifully  towards  Govern- 
ment. 

That  without  the  least  Provocition  on  their  Part,  they  ,.'< 
involved  in  the  greatest  Danger  and  Distress,  from  the  violence 
of  a  riotous  set  of  men  distinguished  by  tlie  Name  oi'  tlie  Ben- 
nington Mob,  and  who  in  defiance  of  the  Dictates  of  Justice  and 
Compassion,  daily  perpeituate  tlie  most  flagrant  Acts  of  Cruelty 
Outrage  and  oppression  against  all  who  suliinit  to  the  Authoi'ity 
or  hold  under  the  Title  of  tlie  Govern m on t  of  New  York.  That 
they  often  Assemble  in  great  Numbers  and  travelling  armed 


r  )^' 


m  iu:-t 


NEW  HAMPSHIRS  GRANTS. 


85*? 


Btober  14th  1773. 


Dartmouth. 


from  Place  to  Place  Spread  Terror  and  Desolation  in  that  Coun- 
try, insulting  and  beating  the  Persons,  burning  and  demolishing 
the  Houses  and  Destroying  the  property  of  all  who  are  so 
unhappy  as  to  become  the  objects  of  their  Fury. 

That  so  great  are  their  Licentiousness  and  Presumption,  that 
contented  with  the  Lands  which  they  are  suffered  to  possess  and 
the  unimproved  Part  of  the  Country  which  they  daily  seize  and 
dispose  of  without  Molestation,  they  have  formed  the  inhuman 
Resolution  to  strip  every  Inhabitant  of  his  property  who  restrain- 
ed by  a  sense  of  Duty  will  not  engage  in  their  Excesses. 

That  by  the  most  insolent  Menaces,  ^;hey  have  intimidated 
Several  of  the  Magistrates  appointed  by  this  Government  for 
that  District  from  Qualifying  on  their  Commissions  ;  and  against 
the  few  who  had  Resolution  to  disregard  their  Threats,  they 
denounced  Destruction.    Two  they  seized  and  brought  to  an 
ignominious  Trial  before  Judj-es  appointed  by  their  own  Author- 
ity, avowedly  for  accepting  their  Offices  when  they  were  forbid- 
den by  the  Chiefs  of  the  Mob.    Their  Houses  they  sentenced  to 
bft  burned  or  demolished  and  compelled  them  to  renounce  thoir 
Commissions  and  engage  that  they  would  no  longer  execute  the 
Duties  of  their  Stations.    The  Coroner  of  the  County  they  also 
attempted  to  seize,  and  because  refusing  to  submit  to  their  Tri- 
buaal  he  made  his  Escape,  they  sentenced  liis  House  to  be 
burned  to  the  Ground,  which  was  vigorously  executed  in  open 
day;  and  not  contented  with  this  Revenge  they  hunted  after 
and  pursued  ham,  openly  proclaiming  that  if  he  should  be  dis- 
covered they  would  shoot  him  without  Mercy.    That  they  have 
forwarned  the  UndersheriflF  of  the  County,  from  executing  any 
Process  within  what  tliey  call  their  District,  on  pain  of  Severe 
Chastisement ;   and   liave    insulted  the  Commissioners  of   the 
Hig' ways  appointed  by  Law,  declaring  that  they  will  not  sub..iii 
to  any  of  their  Regulations  but  will  oppose  all  their  Acts  and 
Proceedings  by  Force  of  Arms.     With  tlie  same  flagitious  spirit 
they  I'.ave  interposed  in  Disputes  respecting  private  contracts  ; 
Rescued  several  Prisoners  for  Debt  and  in  one  Instance  threaten- 
ed to  beat  tlie  Plaintiff  and  to  Demolish  his  Hous^ ,  unless  he 
aquiesced,  fined  the  Constable  for  executing  the  Process,  and 


■hi 


868 


OONTBOYBRSY   BX8PECTIWO  THE 


3). 


.,'.»' 


i-,  ■** 


jil«  ^M  '  .  4,'  '■■*    * 


.ii* 


compelled  him  to  engage  that  he  would  never  serve  as  an  Officer 
of  Justice  under  the  authority  of  New  York.  ^, 

lliat  at  the  Time  of  their  late  Irruption  into  Durham,  they 
openly  avowed  that  in  their  next  Visit  they  would  reduce  every 
House  to  Ashes  and  leave  every  Inhabitant  a  Corpse. 

That  several  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Durham  and  other  Towiid, 
efter  having  been  cruelly  whipped  aud  mal-treated  have  been 
compelled  to  abandon  their  Property  and  consult  their  Safety  by 
Flight 

Th{^t  the  Civil  authority  in  that  part  of  the  Country  terrified 
and  obstructed  by  the  most  insolent  outrages,  is  altc^ether 
Silenced,  neither  Magistrates  nor  inferiour  Officers  being  able  to 
Officiate  in  their  respective  StatioriS  either  in  the  Protection  of 
the  Persons  or  for  the  Recovery  of  the  Debts  of  the  Injured. 

That  the  Inhabitants  of  Durham  and  many  others  holding 
under  this  province,  have  at  considerable  expence  purchased 
Titles  under  the  New  Hampshire  Charters  to  the  Lands  they 
possess,  in  hopes  thereby  of  enjoying  in  Peace  the  Fruits  of  their 
Labour,  but  find  themselves  totally  disappointed,  the  Rioters 
insisting  that  they  shall  become  of  their  Number,  conform  to  their 
Regulations,  and  act  as  they  do  in  open  defiance  of  all  Law  and 
Government. 

That  under  these  Circumstances  they  are  reduced  to  the  hard 
Necessity  of  associating  with  the  Rioters,  or  of  abandoning  their 
Settlements,  and  unwilling  to  embrace  the  former  must  be  forced 
to  submit  to  the  latter  and  fly  the  Country,  though  to  the  utter 
Ruin  of  themselves  and  their  Families ;  unless  supported  by 
the  Aid  and  Protection  of  Government. 

That  the  principal  actor's  in  these  Violences  are  Remember 
Baker,  Ethan  Allen,  Seth  Warner,  Robert  Cockren,  Silvanns 
"Brown,  John  Smith  and  Peleg  Sunderland.  That  they  are  en- 
couraged and  excited  to  the  Perpetration  of  these  daring  offences, 
by  men  who  do  not  openly  appear,  but  are  chosen  by  the  rest  as 
Councilors  and  Advisors  of  all  their  Measures,  and  among  whom 
the  Petitioner  is  well  iuform'd  are  Stephen  Fay,  Jedediah  Dury, 
Samuel  Safford  and  James  Brakenrldge. 

Thus  from  the  Temper  of  these  disorderly  People  your  Peti- 
tioner is  persuaded  they  are  only  to  be  restrained  by  Force,  but 


i 


erveas  an  Officer 

to  Durham,  they 

>uld  reduce  every 

Corpse. 

and  other  Townii, 

reated  have  been 

ult  their  Safety  by 

1  Country  terrified 
iges,  is  altogethei 
&cer8  being  able  to 
a  the  Protection  of 

of  the  Injured, 
any  others  holding 
Bxpence  purchased 

to  the  Lands  they 
5e  the  Fruits  of  their 
minted,  the  Rioters 
ber,  conform  to  their 
ance  of  all  Law  and 

reduced  to  the  hard 

of  abandoning  their 

)nner  must  be  forced 

though  to  the  utter 

mless  supported  by 

|;nce9  are  Remember 
Cockren,  Silvanus 
That  they  are  en- 

Ithese  daring  offences, 

chosen  by  the  rest  as 
Jres,  and  among  whom 
[ray,  Jedediah  Dury, 

lly  People  your  Peti- 
Irained  by  Force,  but 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  ORAMTS.  jfj^ 

as  your  Petitioner  in  imploring  the  Assistance  of  Government 
has  no  other  view  than  his  own  and  the  Security  of  the  other 
Sufferers,  against  future  Insults  unconnected  with  any  Contest 
respecting  the  Property  of  the  Soil,  he  humbly  conceives  a  very 
small  Body  of  Men  will  effectually  answer  this  purpose  j  And 
the  Facts  asserted  by  your  Petitioner  being  proved  by  his  own 
and  the  Depositions  of  Benjamin  Spencer,  Jacob  Marsh,  Nathan 
Rice,  Anna  Button,  and  others  that  have  been  presented  to  your 
Excellency. 

Your  Petitioner  therefore  most  humbly  beseeches  your  Excel- 
lency to  take  the  Promisses  into  Consideration,  and  to  Grant  such 
Belief  to  the  distressed  Setlers  under  this  Province,  as  your 
Excellency  in  your  great  Wisdom  shall  judge  expedient  in  their 
present  truely  deplorable  Situation. 

And  your  petitioner  shall  ever  pray  &c 

Benjamin  Hough 
for  himself  and  the  rest  of  the  Petitioners. 
New  York  2«»  February  1774. 


(Endorsed) 


1774  March  23<i  Read  in  Council  and  ordered 
that  his  Excellency  transmit  a  Copy  thereoi 
together  with  the  depositions  referred  to  the 
House  of  Assembly. 


7-  '1 


THE  BENNINGTON  MOB  ERECT  THEIR  JUDGMENT  SEAT. 

FURTHER  PARTICULARS  OF  THEIR  EXCESSES. 

Charlotte  County  ss:  Benjamin  Spencer  of  the  Township  of 
Durham  in  Charlotte  County  Esq'  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices 
to  keep  the  Peace  in  the  said  County  assigned  being  duely  sworn 
on  the  holy  Evangelists  deposetli  and  saith  That  in  the  night  of 
Saturday  the  Twentietli  Day  of  November  last  past  he  the  depo- 
nent was  alarmed  with  the  Noise  of  People  breaking  into  his 
House,  and  the  outward  door  of  his  house  toeing  broken  and 
beat  down  with  an  ax,  Remember  Baker  and  Ethan  AJlen  rushed 


i"^ 


I 


860 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


;,»V. 


»>  • 


il*  lis*  A  >  iJ- 

^.>     *^    .■■■ 


t^W: 


s%| 


»  V*- 

4 


If       '      ■ 

"tit  X 


"ill  .' 


A    ♦ 


into  the  Room  where  the  deponent  with  his  wife  &  some  others 
of  his  Family  were  in  Bed.  That  Ethan  Allen  with  some  curses 
ordered  the  Deponent  to  rise  and  go  with  them  and  told  the 
deponent  that  he  had  been  a  damned  old  offender  and  the  Town- 
ship of  Durham  a  Hornets  Nest  in  their  way  and  they  weve  now 
determined  to  put  an  End  to  it  by  making  them  concede  to  take 
and  hold  their  Lands  under  New  Hampshire  and  submit  to  the 
Rules  of  tl)elr  Mobb,  or  by  destroying  their  property  and  makiug 
them  quit  the  Country.  That  the  Deponent  not  being  able  to 
dress  himself  as  quickly  as  the  said  Baker  and  Allen  thought 
necessary  the  said  Ethan  Allen  struck  the  deponent  a  severe 
Blow  on  the  Head  with  a  Gun.  Tliat  in  the  mean  Time  several 
other  Men  armed  with  Guns  had  rushed  into  the  Room  and  many 
others  of  tliem  had  tlieir  Guns  put  in  and  pointed  thro'  the  win- 
dows whilst  the  Deponent  was  puting  on  his  Cloathes.  That  the 
said  Remember  Baker  and  Ethan  Allen  with  their  associates  then 
hurried  away  the  deponent  about  two  miles  over  a  Hill  to  the 
Hguse  of  Thomas  Green  in  Kelso  where  they  put  him  under  the 
Guard  of  four  men  with  loaded  Guns.  Tliat  they  detained  the 
deponent  there  at  the  House  of  the  said  Green  under  a  Guard 
until  the  next  Monday  Morning  following,  with  frequent  Threats, 
and  many  insults  by  the  most  opprobrious  Language.  That  the 
Deponent  was  tlien  taken  by  the  armed  Mobb,  and  under  the 
particular  Guard  of  some  of  them  from  time  to  time  appointed 
for  the  purpose,  to  the  House  of  Joseph  Smith  of  Durham  In- 
keeper  where  they  had  concluded  to  hold  their  Court.  That  they 
afterwards  determined  to  hold  their  Court  near  the  Deponents 
House  that  they  might  more  conveniently  destroy  it,  and  with 
the  deponent  guarded  by  Armed  men  at  each  side  they  went  to 
the  deponents  House  That  their  force  by  tliat  Time  collected 
amounted  to  between  one  Hundred  and  Thirty  and  one  lumdred 
and  fifty  Men  as  tlie  deponent  believes  all  Armed  witli  Guds. 
That  soon  afterwards  Remember  Baker,  principall,  erected  what 
they  called  the  Judgment  Seat  and  Ethan  Allen  having  made  a 
Harangue  to  t'lo  Mobb,  the  said  Ethan  Allen  and  Setli  Warner, 
Remember  Baker  and  Robert  Cockran  took  their  Seats  as  Judges, 
&  the  Deponent  being  ordered  by  them  to  stand  before  them 
uncovered  was  by  them  accused  in  Substance  as  followsj  first^ 


NEW   HAMPSHIRK  ORAITVS. 


801 


that  he  had  made  application  to  the  Government  of  New  York 
to  obtain  a  Grant  or  Title  to  his  Lands  and  had  induced  Other 
persons  to  Join  with  hira  in  such  applications;  and  secondly 
thathe  had  consented  to  and  acted  in  pursuance  of  a  Commission  of 
the  Peace  issued  under  the  Great  Seal  &  Government  of  New 
York  contrary  ♦o  their  Orders  and  Rules;  and  thirdly  that  he 
the  deponent  had  formerly  granted  or  issued  a  warrant  against 
one  of  their  party  for  a  Trespass  with  which  he  was  charged; 
and  fourthly  for  using  his  Influence  with  and  inducing  the 
people  to  pay  respect  and  obedience  to  the  Government  and 
Laws  of  the  Colony  or  Province  of  New  York  with  some  other 
Charges  of  the  lil^e  kind.  That  the  said  Remember  Baker  and 
many  of  his  Bystanding  adherents  insisted  on  giving  the  depo- 
nent Corporal  punishment  and  having  him  whipped,  That  as  they 
would  not  all  agree  to  that  they  spared  the  Deponent  of  Corporal 
punishment,  but  as  they  found  the  deponent  had  not  purchased 
a  New  Hampshire  Title  to  his  Land  they  adjudged  his  house  to 
be  a  nuisance  and  that  it  should  be  burned.  That  they  accord- 
ingly set  the  Roof  of  the  deponents  dwelling  House  on  Fire  in 
two  different  places  and  soon  after  broke  and  took  the  Roof 
entirely  off  of  the  said  House  with  great  Shouting  of  Joy  and  much 
noise  and  Tumult.  That  they  charged  the  deponent  not  to  act 
as  a  Magistrate  or  do  any  tiling  against  their  Interest  on  pain 
of  the  severest  punishment.  That  the  said  Ethan  Allen  and 
Remember  Baker  told  the  deponent  that  if  he  disliked  their 
proceedings  he  might  seek  Redress  in  any  Manner  he  saw  fit ; 
that  he  might  take  their  Methods  if  he  saw  fit,  or  apply  to  Gov- 
ernment if  he  tho't  fit :  That  they  damned  the  Government, 
said  they  valued  not  the  Government  nor  even  the  Kingdom  ; 
That  force  was  force  in  whatever  Hands,  &  that  they  had  force 
and  power  sufficient  to  protect  themselves  against  either.  That 
on  the  next  day  the  deponent  saw  the  House  of  Simpson  Jenny 
on  fire  was  going  towards  the  House ;  that  there  appeared  to  be 
about  Twenty  men  armed  at  &  about  the  House.  That  when 
the  deponent  was  within  fifteen  or  Twenty  Rods  of  the  House 
one  Grant  who  is  called  a  Sergeant  of  the  Mobb  pr'^sented  *a  Gun 
at  the  deponent  and  order'd  him  not  to  advance  a  step  farther. 
And  the  deponent  further  saith  that  the  first  Setlers  on  the 


1 

1 

•i 

i 

4 

1    • 

1 

I  i' 


i  I 


;1«*-' 


s' 


809 


CONTROVBBSY  RE8F1G0TIKA  TRK 


:^>i'%€ 


5   j.    :.■-'■*'■■■-;■■?*«■    :■ 


'   "»     A_ 


Township  of  Durham  were  setled  under  a  Title  or  pretended 
Title  derived  under  John  Henry  Lydius  That  the  InhHbitants 
finding  they  had  no  title  to  their  Estates  applyed  for  his  Majes- 
tys  Grant  or  Letuics  patent  for  the  8»iid  Township  under  the 
Colony  of  New  Yoii;  which  they  favourably  obtained  about  Two 
years  ago.  That  the  first  setlers  setled.  &  began  their  Improve- 
ments near  six  years  ago,  and  that  no  Settlement  or  Improvement 
was  ever  made  in  the  said  Township  under  colour  of  a  New 
Hampshire  Grant  untill  a  few  weeks  ago  to  the  knowledge  or 
belief  of  the  deponent. 

Bekjo  Spencer 
Sworn  this  sixth  day  of  Decem- 
ber 1773,  Before  me  .      '      . 

John  McKesboj*  Not?  Pub".  » 


■<* 


.  r » 


»'     it 


Charlotte  County  ss  ',  Jacob  Marsh  of  Charlotte  County  Esqr 
one  of  His  Majestys  Justices  to  keep  the  peace  in  said  County 
assigned  being  duly  sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelists  deposeth  and 
flaith  That  on  Thursday  the  Twenty  Fifth  day  of  November  last 
past  as  he  the  deponent  was  on  a  Journey  returning  from  the  City 
of  New  York  to  his  place  of  abode  in  Socialborough  in  the  said 
County  of  Charlotte  he  was  met  by  one  Pliilip  Perry  near  the 
House  of  Abel  Haw  ley  in  Arlington.  That  the  said  Pliilip  Perry 
had  a  Gun  which  he  held  up  and  cocked  and  ordere-d  the  depo- 
nent to  stand  &.  not  go  farther  and  threatened  to  shoot  the  depo- 
nent if  he  went  farther.  That  the  said  Philip  Perry  then  called 
to  his  associates  who  were  in  the  House  of  the  said  Abel  Hawley 
and  told  them  that  he  had  taken  a  prisoner.  That  a  Number 
of  Men  came  out  of  the  said  House  and  ordered  the  deponent 
into  the  said  House.  That  the  Deponent  believes  that  the 
Number  of  Men  there  assembled  were  upwards  of  Thirty.  That 
many  of  the  persons  there  assembled  alledged  that  they  had 
heavy  crimes  to  alledge  against  the  deponent  and  that  Setb 
Warner  and  Remember  Baker  (who  are  Captains  of  the  Mobb) 
appointed  three  persons  to  sit  as  Judges  and  try  the  Deponent. 
That  they  appointed  Samuel  Tubbs  Nathaniel  Spencer  and  the 
said  Philip  Perry  to  be  the  deponents  Judges.    That  when  the 


)  or  pretended 
;he  Inhabitants 
.  for  his  Maies- 
tsbip  under  the 
Ined  about  Two 
their  ImprovtJ- 
or  Improvement 
colour  of  a  New 
he  knowledge  or 

Jkmj"  Spesckr 


^rlotte  County  Esq* 
ice  in  said  County 
gelistsdeposethand 
y  of  November  last 
lining  from  the  City 
iorough  in  the  said 
hilip  Perry  near  the 
he  said  Philip  Perry 
orderexi  thedepo- 
^  to  shoot  the  depo- 
lipPerry  then  called 
,e  said  Abel  Hawley 
.J.    That  a  Number 
^dered  the  deponent 
it  believes  that  the 
rds  of  Thirty.    That 
Ijred  that  tiiey  had 
onent  and  that  Seth 

,talns  of  the  Mobb 
I  try  the  Deponent. 
.ielSpeucerandthe 

res.    That  when  tue 


NBW  HAMPSHIRE  ORAMTt. 


868 


laid  Judges  were  appointed  they  went  Into  a  Room  by.themselvea 
and  being  placed  on  a  Bench  the  Deponent  was  brought  before 
them  under  a  Guard  of  armed  Men.    That  Seth  Warner  then 
accused  the  Deponent  with  having  purchased  Lauds  under  Title 
derived  by  and  under  his  Majesty's  Grants  under  the  Great  Seal 
and  Jurisdiction  of  this  Colony  of  New  York,  and  of  Discouraging 
Settlers  from  setling  in  the  said  Colony  or  Province  under  Titles 
derived  by  the  New  Hampshire  Grants,  and  fartlier  accused  the 
Deponent  with  having  accepted  the  Commission  of  a  Justice  of 
the  peace  in  tlie  said  County  of  Charlotte  and  of  having  quali- 
fyed  and  acted  as  a  Justice  of  the  peace  In  pursuance  thereof. 
That  Remeir'  '^r  Baker  then  charged  the  deponent  with  the  same 
offences  as        ailed  them  and  farther  charged  the  deponent  with 
having  reproved  him  for  Damning  the  Governor  of  the  Province 
of  New  York  Its  Government  and  Laws  and  thretenlng  to  proceed 
as  a  Magistrate  against  him  the  said  Baker  for  swearing  and 
Blasphemy.    That  the  said  Baker  farther  alledged  that  the 
Deponent  should  be  adjudged  by  the  said  Judges  to  be  whipped 
jbr  having  acted  in  his  office  as  a  Magistrate  after  he  had 
been  forewarned  and  forbidden  so  to  do  by  him  the  said  Remem- 
ber Baker.    That  he  the  Deponent  was  then  ordered  to  make 
his  Defence  which  when  he  had  done  he  was  removed  from 
before  the  said  persons  appointed  Judges  and  kept  under  a 
Ouard  untlll  he  was  called  to  hear  Judgment.  That  the  deponent 
W88  then  charged  and  directed  by  the  Judgment  of  the  said 
Judges,  which  was  in  writing  and  read  to  him  by  the  said  Seth 
Warner,  In  their  presence  and  by  their  order,  to  the  following 
Effect  "  Not  to  encourage  any  Settlements  by  persons  settling 
under  the  Titles  derived  under  the  Government  of  New  York 
bat  to  discourage  such  settlements  ;  not  to  discourage  any  per- 
sons Settling  under  Titles  derived  from  grants  made  by  the 
Government  of  New  Hampshire,  and  not  to  act  as  a  Justice  of 
the  peace  by  virtue  of  any  Commission  under  the  Government 
of  New  York  upon  the  pain  of  having  his  house  burned  and 
reduced  to  ashes  and  his  person  punished  at  their  pleasure." 
lliat  the  said  Judges  and  their  Mobb  associates  then  consented 
to  dismiss  the  Deponent,  and  gave  him  a  certificate  a  true  Copy 
whweof  is  in  the  word  and  figures  following  viz*. 


>  • 


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Photographic 

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Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER, NY.  MSSO 

(716)  873-4503 


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864 


CONTBOYEBST   RKSFEOTINO  THE 


H.     ' 


** 


Arlington  NoTT  25th  A  D  1773  These  may  Sertify  that  Jacob  Marsh  haith  ben 
Exseamined,  and  had  on  fare  Trial.    So  that  our  mob  shall  not  medeal  farther 
with  him  as  long  as  he  behaves  Sartified  by  us  his  Judges  to  vst. 
i,  Sahl  Tubs 

Teste  Natbahi.  Spbmoak     " 

Ot.  SiTH  Wabnib  Philip  Fbbbt 

4>  That  the  said  Remember  Baker  who  had  frequently  insisted 
to  have  the  Deponent  adjudged  to  be  whipped  when  the  Depo- 
nent was  dismissed  threatened  him  and  cursed  him  &  promised 
to  punish  him  the  Deponent  if  he  should  ever  meet  him  &  have 
an  opportunity.  That  when  be  the  Deponent  arrived  at  his  own 
house  he  found  tliat  the  same  Mobb  or  Company  had  been  to  bli 
House  in  his  absence  and  taken  of  the  Roof  of  his  House,  and 
that  he  the  deponent  was  informed  and  verily  believes  that  onlj 
the  Interposition  of  some  of  his  Friends  prevented  them  from 
burning  the  Roof  of  the  House  after  it  was  taken  off ;  That  they 
destroyed  several  Bushels  of  Corn,  split  a  number  of  Boards, 
and  did  him  some  other  Damages.  That  he  the  deponent  has 
been  informed  that  John  Smith  and  Peleg  Sunderland  (both  of 
Socialborough)  werf*  the  Captains  or  Leaders  of  the  Mobb  who 
had  been  at  his  house  and  Benjamin  Cooley  and  one  Silvanni 
Brown  their  Lieutenants  or  next  in  Command  &  mischief  and 
that  the  company  then  with  them  amounted  to  forty  or  fiftjr 
armed  men.  And  the  deponent  further  saith  that' he  verilj 
believes  that  if  he  should  act  in  his  office  of  a  Justice  of  the  peacs 
in  the  said  county  of  Charlotte  that  his  Effects  and  propertj 
would  be  destroyed  by  the  said  Mobb  or  some  of  them  as  far  as 
would  be  in  their  power ;  and  that  his  Life  would  be  in  danger 
and  farther  the  Deponent  saith  not.  Jacob  Mabsh. 

Sworn  this  sixth  day  of  December 

1773.    Before  me  ^    - 

John  McKesson  Not"  Pub« 


Charlotte  County  ss:  NAXH/NRicEof  the  Township  of  Durham 
in  Charlotte  County  Farmer  being  duly  Sworn  on  the  Holy 
Evangelists  deposeth  and  Saith,  that  he  was  present  on  Monday 
the  Twenty  Second  day  of  November  last  past  when  Ethan 
Allen  Remember  Baker,  Seth  Warner  and  Robert  Cochran  (under 


Jacob  Marsh  haitb  ben 
ihall  not  medeal  fiurth«r 
to  vet. 
AHii  Tom 
Utbahii  SpBHoaa 
'BILIP  pBaiiT 

frequently  insisted 
d  when  the  Depo- 
d  him  &  promised 
}r  meet  him  &  have 
it  arrived  at  his  own 
)any  hadbeentohii 
i"  of  his  House,  and 
ly  believes  that  only 
revented  them  from 
taken  off;  That  they 
i  number  of  Boardi, 
ae  the  deponent  hag 
Sunderland  (both  of 
rs  of  the  Mobb  who 
ey  and  one  Silvanus 
land  &  mischief  and 
ed  to  forty  or  fifty 
saith  that'  he  verUy 
a  Justice  of  the  peaM 
_lffect8  and  property 
me  of  them  as  far  as 
would  be  in  danger 
Jacob  Mabsh. 

lib* 


(Township  of  Durham 
r  Sworn  on  the  Holy 
IS  present  on  Monday 
ist  past  when  Ethan 
abert  Cochran  (under 


NEW  HAMPSBIRC  ORAKTS. 


86» 


th«  Security  of  armed  Mobb)  erected  their  Judgment  Seat  in 

Durham  aforesaid  and  adjudged  that  the  dwelling  House  of 

BeDJanin  Spencer  there  sliould  be  burned.     That  the  said 

Bemember  Baker  was  the  first  of  the  Mobb  that  got  to  the  House 

and  attempted  to  pull  off  some  of  the  Boards,  and  tlie  first  person 

that  did  set  the  said  House  on  fire,  tlio'  it  was  afterwards  set  on 

fire  by  otaers  of  the  said  mobb  in  another  part.  % 

Nathan  Rice.  -^ 
Sworn  this  sixth  day  of  December  ^ 

1773.    Before  me 

John  McKesson. 

(Endorwd)    1774,  Jan'  11.    Read  in  Council. 


■  rMitSf'-'S 


■  ,  ■        ■i<)t 

.  ,     •<■# 

Charlotte  County  ss:  Benjamin  Hough  of  Charlotte  County 
being  duely  sworn  on  the  holy  Evangelists  deposeth  and  saith 
that  he  is  a  Resident  and  Inhabitant  in  the  Tract  or  Township 
called  Socialborough  in  the  said  County.  That  in  the  night  of 
Saturday  the  Twentieth  day  of  November  last  past  the  Deponent 
was  informed  that  a  Company  of  Men  distinguished  by  the  Name 
of  the  Mob  were  come  into  Durham  and  had  seized  Benjamin 
Spencer  Esquire  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  in  th» 
laid  County  and  had  him  under  Guard  as  a  prisoner.  Tliat  the 
Deponent  with  Two  Neighbors  came  to  Durham,  arm'd;  and 
found  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  at  the  House  of  Thomas  fireen 
in  Kelso  under  a  Guard  of  Men  armed.  That  when  the  depo- 
nent came  to  the  House  where  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  was . 
detained  it  was  early  in  the  Morning  on  the  Sabbath — That  the 
Deponent  found  there  Ethan  Allen  as  Captain  or  Leader  of  the 
Mobb;  &  that  Remember  Baker  another  of  the  Qaptains  of  the 
Mobb  with  some  of  the  Mobb  with  him  arm'd  soon  came  in  thert 
from  a  house  in  the  Neighborhood  That  he  the  deponent  entered 
into  Conversation  with  the  said  Ethan  Allen  to  know  the  causes 
or  reasons  of  their  Conduct;  That  Allen  used  many  Curses  and 
Imprecations  on  the  people  of  the  province  of  New  York  by 
the  Name  of  Yorkersy  and  said  the  day  of  Judgment  was  come 

Vol.  it.  5& 


•   i  ,■  \ 


%;\ 


r^ 


MS 


00NTB0VBB8T   BSSPECTING   TUB 


m'^' 


Si      *a 


a.- 


when  every  man  should  be  Judged  according  to  his  works,  with 
much  other  Language  of  that  kind;  and  told  the  deponent  that 
the  people  of  Durham  frequently  had  warning  enough;  That 
if  they  ever  had  come  to  Durham  again  they  would  Lay 
all  Durham  in  Ashes  and  leave  every  perscm  in  it  a  Corpse. 
That  finally  both  the  said  Allen  &  Baker  cssigned  as  the  reasons 
df  their  conduct  that  the  people  of  Durham  had  submitted  to 
the  Laws  and  Government  of  New  York  which  they  would 
not  permit  or  suffer  them  to  continue  to  do.  That  they  both 
declared  they  would  whip  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  Esq'  and 
bum  his  House.  That  the  said  Remember  Baker  told  the  Depo- 
nent they  would  whip  Spencer  and  burn  his  House  and  they  the 
people  of  Durham  would  go  to  York  and  Complain  to  the  Got- 
ernor  and  Council ;  and  they  might  go  to  York  and  Complain 
and  be  damned  for  that  the  Governor  would  not  help  them— 
That  the  deponent  left  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  Esquire  .n 
Custody  of  the  said  Mobb  which  consisted  of  Twenty-six  men 
armed ;  and,  that  the  said  Mobb  by  Order  of  the  said  Baker 
and  Allen  took  into  their  Custody  and  detained  Amos  Marsh 
who  went  there  with  him  the  deponent.  That  on  Monday  the 
Twenty-second  day  of  November  aforesaid  the  Deponent  retum- 
•d  to  Durham  to  see  what  was  become  of  the  said  Spencer  and 
as  he  came  near  to  Spencers  House  saw  a  large  Number  of  Men 
Armed  amounting  in  Number  to  about  One  Hundred  and  thirty 
men  as  the  deponent  believes  besides  a  number  of  Spectators 
who  were  not  armed.  That  as  the  Deponent  with  three  other 
persons  were  approaching  to  the  Mobb  he  was  met  by  the  said 
Baker  and  by  Peleg  'Sunderland  and  Asa  Johnson,  and  the  said 
Baker  beat  one  of  the  persons  who  came  with  the  Deponent 
several  Blows  with  a  pole  and  insisted  that  the  Deponent  shoold 
eall  together  all  the  people  of  Durham  to  their  Judgment  seat- 
That  on  some  .Conversation  with  Seth  Warner  about  tlieir  pro- 
ceedings Warner  said  such  affairs  as  were  got  into  the  Mobb, 
must  be  determined  by  the  Mobb  for  they  cuuld  not  be  got  out 
of  the  Mobb. — That  soon  afterwards  Remember  Baker  erected 
A  seat  which  they  called  a  Judgment  seat  and  Ethan  Allen  then 
made  a  Harangue  and  declared  that  the  proprietors  of  the  New 
Hampshire  Grants  had  appointed  liimself,  Seth  Warner^Kemem- 


I  \. 


a\' 


» 


VEW   HAMPSHXBB  GRANTS. 


86T^ 


^-.r 


to  bis  works,  with 
the  deponent  that 
ng  enougli;    Tbat 
tbey  would  Lay 
an  in  it  a  Corpse, 
gned  as  the  reasons 
1  had  submitted  to 
which  they  would 
0.    That  they  both 
In  Spencer  Esq*  and 
Baker  told  the  Depo- 
i  House  and  they  the 
omplain  to  the  Gov- 
York  and  Complain 
uld  not  help  them- 
d  Spencer  Esquire  .n 
d  of  Twenty-six  men 
ler  of  the  said  Baker 
letained  Amos  Marsh 
That  on  Monday  the 
I  thePeponent  retum- 
■  the  said  Spencer  and 
large  Number  of  Men 
le  Hundred  and  thirty 
number  of  Spectators 
,nent  with  three  other 
^e  was  met  by  th^  said 
Johnson,  and  the  said 

,,ie  with  the  Deponent 
at  the  Deponent  shonld 
0  their  Judgment  seat- 
^arner  about  their  pro- 
ere  got  into  the  Mobb, 
ley  could  not  be  got  ont 
•member  Baker  erected 
and  Ethan  Allen  then 
proprietors  of  the  New 
lf,SethWarner,Bemem- 


\^  Baker  and  Robert  Cockran,  to  inspect  and  set  things  in  Ordec 
lelating  to,  add  see  tbat  there  should  be  no  intruders  on  th« 
Hew  Hampshire  Grants.    That  the  said  Ethan  Allen,  Seth  War-  i 
ner,  Remember  Baker  and  Robert  Cochran  then  took  their  seats<« 
on  the  said  Judgment  seat  and  ordei-ed  the  said  Benjamin  Spen- 
cer Esq"  to  stand  before  tliem,  to  take  off  hisHatt  and  hear- 
accusations  against  him.    That  Ethan  Allen  then  charged  and 
accused  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  Esquire  with  the  following 
matters  in  Effect,  to  wit,  with  cudling  with  the  Land  Jobbers 
of  New  York  to  prevent  tlie  claimants  of  the  New  Hampshire 
Bights  from  holding  the  Lands  they  claimed  ;  and  with  issuing 
a  Warrant  as  a  Justice  of  the  peace  contrary  to  their  Orders ; 
and  Remember  Baker  chained  him  with  having  accepted  a  Com- 
mission as  Magistrate  in  tlie  Colony  of  New  York  and  of  having 
acted  as  a  Magistrate  in  pursuance  thereof  c(mtrary  to  their 
Orders ;  and  of  having  represented  their  bad  Conduct  in  a  Letter 
by  him  wrote  and  sent  to  New  York ;  and  of  having  conveyed 
a  piece  of  Land  by  Title  derived  under  a  Grant  obtained  in  the 
Colony  of  New  York ;  and  with  endeavouring  to  seduce  and 
inveigle  the  people  to  be  Subject  to  the  Laws  and  Government 
of  the  Colony  of  New  York.    That  the  Deponent  departed  to  a 
tiigh  piece  of  Ground  at  some  distance  &.  soon  after  saw  the  said 
Mobb  set  Are  to  the  Roof  of  the  said  Benjamin  Spencers  House 
in  two  different  plaices  and  they  then  broke  &  took  off  the  Roof 
bm.  the  said  House  with  great  shouting  singing  and  noise. 
That  on  Tuesday  the  twenty-third  day  of  Novjember  aforesaid 
the  deponent  saw  the  dwelling  House  of  Simpson  Jenny  of  the 
said  Township  of  Durham  on  fire  and  entirely  consumed ;  and 
that  a  number  of  Men  armed  with  Guns  were  at  the  said  House 
whilst  it  was  burning :    And  that  he  the  deponent  has  been 
credibly  informed  that  the  said  Mobb  has  threatened  to  bum 
the  Houses  of  Sundry  other  persons  in  Durham  aforesaid,  and  to 
whip  the  Owners  of  the  said  Houses.    That  he  the  Deponent 
lias  this  day  seen  some  persons  measuring  improved  Lands  in 
tiie  said  Township  of  Durham,  and  was  credibly  informed  that 
they  were  persons  in  Connection  with  the  said  Mobb,  and  that 
tliey  were  laying  out  the  said  Lands  on  New  Hampshire  Right! : 


•.'i 


? 


'f  > 


"-■■'  u 


I  ; 


«68 


CONTROTERIT  RKSPECTINO  THE 


sr''  ' 

li  1 


That  said  Lands  are  held  and  possessed  and  the  Improvements 
thereon  made  by  the  possessors  under  Titles  derftred  fiora  his 
Majesty  by  virtue  of  Letters  patent  obtained  under  the  CoIoot 
of  New  York  and  farther  the  Deponent  salth  not. 

Benjamin  Hough. 
Sworn  this  sixth  day  of  Decem- 
ber 1773.    Before  me 
4^  John  McKesson  Not*  Pub>. 


■  ^\  .'■ 
Chfttlotte  County  ss:  Anna  Button  the  wife  of  Charles  Button 
of  Durham  in  the  said  County  Farmer  being  duly  sworn  on  the 
Holy  Evangelists  deposeth  and  saith,  That  in  the  Night  of  the 
Twentieth'  of  November  last  about  Eleven  of  the  Clock  a  part? 
of  men  armed  with  Guns  came  to  the  House  of  the  Deponents 
said  Husband  who  was  then  abroad.  That  they  broke  or  split 
down  the  outward  door  of  the  said  House  and  also  the  door  of 
the  Room  where  the  Deponent  was  in  Bed.  That  the  door  of 
the  Room  they  broke  open  and  into  Pieces  with  an  Ax.  That 
about  Seven  of  the  said  armed  Mobb  came  into  the  Room  where 
the  Deponeiit  lay,  and  with  many  curses  insisted  on  knowing 
where  her  said  Husband  was,  and  swore  they  would  find  him 
and  have  him  either  Dead  or  alive  if  he  was  on  the  face  of  God's 
Earth.  That  on  the  deponents  endeavouring  to  represent  to 
them  their  bad  Conduct  some  «f  them  said  and  threatned  that 
tf  she  did  not  hold  her  peace  they  would  lay  the  House  in  Aslies 
before  they  went  away;  and  one  of  them  Threatned  it  should  be 
all  in  Ashes  either  before  the  then  Morrow  night  or  before 
Monday  night.  Tliat  they  searched  the  House  with  Firebrands 
in  their  hands  and  with  parts  of  tlie  doors  of  tlie  Room  which 
they  carried  about  burning  for  Tapers.  That  on  the  next  Monday 
the  deponent  saw  Ebenezer  Allen,  George  Patterson  &  three  or 
Ibur  other  persons  who  had  been  with  them  in  the  Saturday 
night  before  at  breaking  into  the  said  House.  That  tlie  said 
Ebenezer  Allen  acknowledged  to  her  that  it  was  himself  wlio 


»     KBW  HAMMHIRC  GBANTt. 


aM 


the  Improvements 

I  derflred  from  hU 

.  under  the  Colony 

not. 

ENJAMIN  Hough. 


Pub». 


ife  of  Charles  Button 
g  duly  sworn  on  th« 
;  in  the  Night  of  the 
of  the  Clock  a  party 
ase  of  the  Deponents 
at  they  broke  or  split 
»  and  also  the  door  of 
1.    That  the  door  of 
es  with  an  Ax.    That 
into  the  Room  whew 
insisted  on  knowing 
they  would  find  him 
as  on  the  face  of  God's 
luring  to  represent  to 
lid  and  threatned  that 
lay  the  House  in  Ashes 
Jhreatned  it  should  be 
.rrow  night  or  before 
Jouse  with  Firebrands 
,rs  of  the  Boom  which 
hat  on  the  next  Monday 

re  Patterson  &  three  or 
\hera  Ui  the  Saturday 
House.  That  the  said 
lat  it  was  himself  wlio 


had  on  the  Saturday  night  preceeding  threatned  to  bum  h«r 
husbands  House  and  that  it  was  Qeorge  patterson  who  bxok» 
down  tlie  Doors  with  an  Ax. 

Anna  Burroir.  . 
Sworn  the  Eighth  Day  of  Decem- 
ber 1773    Before  me  , 
John  MoKesson  Not  Pub"                   «*' 
(Endorsed)    Read  in  CounciUan  n«i  1T74.                  '''** 

.■I 


.1 


REPORT  TO  THE  N.  Y.  ASSEMBLY  ON  THE  OUTRAGES  OP 
THE  BENNINGTON  MOB-^th  Feb.  1774. 

r 

W  Brush  (in  behalf  of  M'  Clinton,  Chairman)  from  the.Grand 
Committee  of  Grievances  reported,  that  he  was  directed  by  thf 
said  Committee  to  make  the  following  Report  to  the  House,  to 

wit 

That  the  said  Committee  taking  into  consideration  the  Peti- 
tion of  Benjamin  Hough,  in  behalf  of  himself  and  many  of  hit 
Majesty's  Subjects  inliabiting  the  County  of  Charlotte,  and  the 
Korth  Eastern  District  ol^  the  County  of  Albany,  complaining  of 
many  Acts  of  Outrage  Cruelty  and  Oppression,  committed  against 
their  Persons  and  properties  by  tlie  Bennington  Mob,  and  tht 
Dangers  and  Injuries  to  which  they  are  daily  exposed;  and  imr 
ploriog  that  this  House  will  take  them  under  tlieir  protectioOi 
and  secure  them  against  future  Violence.  And  the  said  Com- 
mittee having  also  duly  considered  the  several  Proofs  and  Depo- 
sitions presented  in  support  of  the  Truth  of  the  said  Petition,  do 
thereupon  Resolve. 

l(t  Tliat  it  appears  to  this  Committee,  that  there  at  present 
prevails  in  part  of  the  County  Cliarlotte,  and  in  the  North  East- 
ern District  of  the  County  of  Albany  a  dangerous  and  destructive 
Spirit  of  Riot  and  Licentiousness;  sabversive  of  all  order  and 
good  Government,  and  that  it  is  become  an  intoUerable  .Grievafioo 
which  requires  immediate  Redress  .  ^ 

2^  Resolved  Tliat  it  appears  to  this  Committee,  that  many 
Atrocious  Acts  of  Outrage  Cruelty  and  Oppression,  have  been 


v;i 


iii 


11: 


970 


ooimoTnuiT  ntsRcriiio  the 


m''"'^ 


^>i- 


a:> 


te « 


there  perpetrated  by  a  Number  of  Lawless  Persons  calling  them- 
•dves  the  Bennington  Mob;  who  have  seized  insulted,  and  terri- 
fied several  of  the  Magistrates  and  other  Civil  Officers  so  that 
they  dare  not  execute  their  respective  Functions>  rescued  Prj. 
aoners  for  Debt;  assumed  to  themselves  Military  Commands  and 
Judicial  Powers;  burned  and  demolished  the  Houses  and  property 
and  beat  and  abused  the  persons  of  many  of  his  Majesty's  sub- 
jects, expelled  them  from  their  possessions,  and  put  a  period  to 
the  Administration  of  Justice,  and  spread  Terror  and  Destruc- 
tion throughout  that  part  of  the  Country  which  is  exposed  to 
fheir  oppression. 

3<<  Resolved  That  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  Committee  That  the 
Complalnaats  before  the  House,  and  others  who  inhabit  that 
part  of  the  Colony,  and  from  respect  to  Government  Mill  not 
eonntenauce  and  be  concerned  in  the  said  Riotous  proceedings 
tee  exposed  from  the  violence  of  the  Rioters  to  imminent  dang«>r 
1x>th  in  their  persons  and  properties,  and  that  they  stand  in  need 
of  immediate  protection  and  succour. 
* '  4^  Resolved,  That  it  appears  to  this  Committee,  that  Etihan 
illlen,  Seth  Warner,  Remember  Barker,  Robert  Cockran,  Peleg 
Sunderland,  Sylvanns  Brown,  James  Brackenridge,  and  Joha 
ISmith,  are  principal  Ringleaders  of,  and  actors  in  the  Riots  and 
Disturbances  aforesaid,  and  that  it  is  therefore  the  opinion  of 
this  Committee,  that  an  Humble  address  be  presented  to  liig 
'Excellency  the  Governor,  desiring  that  he  will  be  pleased  to 
issue  a  Proclamation  offering  a  Reward  of  fifty  Pounds  ibr  appre- 
liending  and  securing  in  liis  Majesty^s  Goal  in  Albany,  eath  or 
Vither  of  the  Persons  above  named,  and  commanding  tlie  Magis- 
trates and  other  Civil  officers  of  the  Counties  of  Albany  and 
Charlotte  to  be  active  and  Vigilant  in  suppressing  the  said  Riots, 
'Snd  preserving  the  Public  Peace  and  good  order,  as  well  as  for 
bringing  to  Justice  the  Perpetrators  and  Authors  of  tlie  said 
Riots. 

Wliich  Report  he  read  in  his  Place,  and  afterwards  delivered 
It^ln  at  the  Table  where  the  said  Resolutions  were  severally  read 
a  second  Time. 

Resolved,  That  this  House  ddth  agree  with  the  Committee  in 
the  laid  Rcsolntions. 


HSW  lUlCFtHIEB  ORAMTl. 


871 


1 


rsons  caning  theni- 
insulted,  and  terrl- 
11  Officers  so  that 
jtlons,  rescued  Pri- 
ory Commands,  and 
louses  and  propertj 
:  his  Majesty's  sub- 
&nd  put  a  period  to 
terror  and  Destru^ 
vliich  is  exposed  to 

Committee  Tliat  the 
rs  wlio  inhabit  that 
government  will  not 
Blotous  proceedings 
9  to  imminent  dang« 
lat  tliey  stand  in  need 

kmnnlttee,  that  Ethan 
tlobert  Cocltran,  Peleg 
ickenridge,  and  Joha 
ctors  in  the  Riois  and 
■refore  the  opinion  of 
a  be  presented  to  hit 
he  will  be  pleased  to 
fifty  Pounds  lor  appre- 
,al  in  Albany,  each  or 
ommanding  the  Magls- 
)unties  of  Albany  and 
pressing  the  said  Riots, 
border,  as  well  as  for 

d  Authors  of  the  said 

id  afterwards  delivered 
ions  were  severally  read 

vlihtheCommitt€«in 


r 

Ordered  That  a  Bill  be  brought  in  pursuant  to  the  last  Reto- 
lation,  and  that  M'  Brush  and  Colonel  Ten  Broeck  prepare  and 
bring  in  the  same. 

Ordered  That  Capt  De  Lanoey  &  M'  Walton  wait  on  hit 
Excellency  tlie  Governor  with  the  foregoing  Address  and  Reio- 
lations  of  this  House. 


PROCLAMATION  FOR  THE  ARREST  OP  ETHAN  ALLEN  AND 
THE  OTHER  LEADERS  OF  THE  BENNINGTON  MOB. 


By  His  Excellency  William  Tryon 
Esquire  Captaine  General  and  Governor 
in  Chief  in  and  over  the  province  of  Kew 
York  and  the  Territories  depending 
thereon  in  America  Chancellor  and  Yioa 
Admiral  of  the  same. 


A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas  many  acts  of  outrage  cruelty  an  oppression  have  heen 
eommitted  agamst  the  Persons  and  properties  of  divers  of  hia 
Majesty's  subjects  inhabiting  the  County  of  charlotte  and  the 
Northeastern  District  of  tlie  County  of  Albany,  by  certain 
Persons  distinguished  and  knov.  u  hy  the  Name  of  the  Bennington 
Mob  ;  and  upon  complaint  therec  '  made  to  the  General  Assem- 
bly of  this  province  and  a  due  consideration  of  the  several  Prooft 
and  Depositions  presented  in  support  uf  the  said  Complaint,  the 
General  Assembly  did  on  the  fourth  Day  of  February  Instant 
come  to  the  following  Resolutions.  "TAof  there  at  present  pre- 
vails in  part  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  and  in  the  Northeastern 
District  of  the  County  of  Albany  a  dangerous  and  destructiva 
spirit  of  Riot  and  Licentiousness  subversive  of  all  Order  and 
good  Government  and  that  it  is  become  an  intolerable  Grievance 
which  requires  immediate  Redress. — That  many  atrocious  Act» 
of  Outrage  Cruelty  and  oppression  have  been  there  perpetrated 


•f 


r.-.\ : 


'n 

li 


ana 


CONTBOTBRSY  BUrBOTIlfO  THB 


.•s 


HUk^^^* 

1 

a^H^^t 

-  ** 

9^HH|,'' 

I^^Bfl^HHpiJ^Pn'  -* 

Ksk^j-'-'  ' 

^Ir '-'*'" 

SH|\:*' 

^i'w4i';'i .' 

^^&'ft  1 

||ll'\ 

* 

^^^F^T       0 

HHH^EEv 

^H^^^'~   <^ 

HH'I    ' 

h  tti 

Bii^' 

■4 

-  t 
1' 

np^^'' '- 

by  a  number  of  lawless  Persons  calling  themselves  the  Bennington 
Kfob,  wlio  liave  seized  insulted  and  terrified  several  of  the 
Magistrates  and  other  Civil  officers,  so  that  they  dare  not  execute 
their  respective  Functions  ;  rescued  Prisoners  for  Debt ;  assumed 
to  themselves  Military  commands  and  Judicial  powers ;  burned 
and  demolished  the  Houses  and  Property,  and  beat  and  abused 
(he  Persons  of  many  of  his  Majesty's  subjects,  expelled  them 
from  their  Possessions ;  and  put  a  period  to  the  Administration 
of  Justice  ;  and  spread  Terror  and  Destruction  throughout  that 
part  of  the  Country  whicli  is  exposed  to  tlieir  oppression  and 
did  further  Resolve  That  it  appears  tliat  Ethan  Allen,  Seth 
Warnerj  Remember  Baker,  Robert  Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland 
Sylvanus  Brown,  James  Brakinridge  and  John  Smith  are  principal 
Ringleaders  of  and  Actors  in  the  Riots  and  Disturbances  afore- 
said. And  thereupon  the  said  General  Assembly  have  presented 
an  Address  to  me  to  issue  a  proclamation  offering  a  Reward  of 
one  hundred  Pounds  for  apprehending  each  of  them  the  said 
Ethan  Allen  and  Remember  Baker,  and  the  sum  of  Fifty  Pounds 
for  apprehending  and  securing  any  or  cither  of  the  other  persons 
above  named  in  his  Majesty's  Goal  in  Albany  ;  and  commanding 
the  Magistrates  and  other  Civil  Officers  of  tlie  County  of  Albany 
and  Charlotte  to  be  active  and  vigilant  in  suppressing  tlie  said 
Riot6  and  preserving  the  public  Peace  and  good  Order  as  well  as 
for  bringing  to  Justice  the  perpetrators  and  Authors  of  the  said 
Riots. 

I  have  therefore  thought  fit  with  the  advice  of  his  Majesty's 
Council  to  issue  this  Proclamation  hereby  strictly  enjoining  and 
commanding  all  Magistrates  Justices  of  the  Peace  Sherifs  and 
other  Civil  Officers  of  the  Counties  of  Albany  and  Charlotte  to 
apprehend  and  take  the  before  named  Ethan  Allen  late  of 
Bennington  in  the  County  of  Albany  yeoman  Seth  Warner  late 
of  the  same  place  yeoman.  Remember  Baker  late  of  Arlington 
in  the  said  county  yeoman  ;  Robert  Gochren  late  of  Rupert  in 
the  County  of  Cliarlotte  yeoman,  Peleg  Sunderland  late  of 
Sooialborough  jn  the  said  County  yeoman  ;  Silvanus  Brown  late 
of  the  same  place  yeoman ;  James  Brakenridge  late  of  Wallums- 
ehaick  in  tlie  County  of  Albany  yeoman  and  Jolm  Smith  late  of 
Socialborottgh  in  the  said  County  of  Charlotte  yeoman  and  them 


EMfv 


MBW  HAMnRiRS  OHAMTfl. 


87S 


B  the  Bennington 
I  several  of  the 
dare  not  execute 
irPebt ;  assumed 
powers  J  burned 
beat  and  abused 
ts,  expelled  them 
[6  Administration 
L  throughout  that 
ir  oppression  and 
Jthan  Allen,  Seth 
Peleg  Sunderland, 
Smith  are  principal 
)isturbance8  afore- 
ibly  have  presented 
jrlng  a  Reward  of 
1  of  them  the  said 
mm  of  Fifty  Pounds 
of  the  other  persons 
V ;  and  commanding 
e  County  of  Albany 
uppressing  the  said 
ood  Order  as  well  as 
Authors  of  the  said 

ice  of  his  Majesty's 
^ictly  enjoining  and 
le  Peace  Sherifs  and 
Iny  and  Cliarlotte  to 
:than  Allen  late  of 
in  Seth  Warner  late 
fcr  late  of  Arlington 
;n  late  of  Rupert  in 
Sunderland  late  of 
Silvanus  Brown  late 
idgelateofWallums- 
[id  John  Smith  late  of 
^tte  yeoman  and  them 


sod  every  of  them  to  commit  to  safe  and  secure  custody  in  the 
Qoal  of  tlie  city  &  county  of  Albany  to  answer  for  their  several 
offences  and  to  be  dealt  with  according  to  Law.  And  I  do  hereby 
In  bis  Majesty's  Name  promise  the  several  Rewards  aforesaid  that 
is  to  say  tlie  sum  of  one  hundred  pounds  for  apprehending  each 
of  them  the  said  Ethan  Allen  and  Remember  Balcer,  and  the  sum 
of  fifty  pounds  for  apprehending  feach  and  every  of  them  the 
nid  Seth  Warner,  Robert  Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  Silvanui 
Brown,  James  Brakinridge  and  John  Smith  to  be  paid  to  the 
Person  or  Persons  who  shall  take  and  secure  the  said  offenderi 
that  tliey  may  be  proceeded  against  as  tlie  Law  directs.  And  all 
nisgistrates  and  other  civil  officers  of  the  Counties  of  Albany  and 
Charlotte,  are  hereby  required  to  be  active  and  vigilant  in 
pieserving  the  public  Peace,  and  suppressing  all  future  Riots  and 
Disorders  of  the  like  dangerous  Tendency. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms  in  the  City  of  New 
York  the  ninth  Day  of  March  1774  in  the  fourteenth  year  of  the 
Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord  George  the  third  by  the  Grace  of 
God  of  Great  Britain,  France  and  Ireland,  King  Defender  of  thf 
Fiiith  and  so  forth.  ,| 

God  Save  the  Kino.  i\ 


AMOS  CHAMBERLAIN  BEFORE  THE  JUDGMENT  SEAT 


of   the  BENNINGTON  MOB. 


4 
i 


City  of  New  York  ss  :  Amos  Chamberlain  late  of  the  Township 
of  Norwich  in  the  County  of  Gloucester  being  duly  sworn  on 
the  holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God,  deposeth  and  Saith,  that 
he  the  Deponent  formerly  purchased  a  Number  of  Rights  or 
Shares  of  laud  under  a  Charter  of  New  Hampshire,  which  Land 
is  Situated  upon  Otter  Creek  in  tlie  County  of  Charlotte.  That 
the  Deponent  in  the  Month  of  May  last  went  into  that  Part  of 
the  Colony  to  enquire  after  his  Lands  &  took  up  his  Lodgings  at 
the  dwelling  house  of  Roger  Stevens  Juu'  in  Socialborough  in 
the  said  County  of  Charlotte.    That  while  the  Deponent  lodged 


*  k 


i. 


I  i 
:  i 


I      .t 


t74 


OOimOTXMT  BnPKCTIVO  TUI 


m 


Hi 


h    • 


w 


&' 


r*"       ,        ♦ 


ff     4,  '         IN    %  , 


there,  for  some  days  he  paid  his  Diet,  and  Lodging  daily.    Ji^^ 
the  said  Stevens  told  him  the  Deponent  it  was  troublesome  to 
leceive  his  Payments  so  frequently,  and  that  it  would  be  better 
that  he  should  settle  with  him,  wlien  he  finally  left  his  house  or 
Words  to  that  Eflfect    That  the  Deponent  some  days  thereafter 
having  some  business  at  the  Township  of  Durham  about  tea 
miles  from  the  said  Steven's,  told  some  of  the  said  Steven's 
Family  that  he  should  go  thither  and  return  tlie  next  Day.  That 
ttie  Deponent  accordingly  set  out  for  Durham  &  the  same  Even- 
ing being  about  the  Sixth  of  May  last,  three  men  (to  witt)  Joseph 
Waite,  one  Lymen,  9l  JoshiM  Wiggins  came  to  the  house  of  one 
Asa  Johnson  in  which  he  lodged  in  Socialborough  aforesaid  Iq 
ttie  Night  Time,  &  took  him  Prisoner,  and  charged  him  with 
eoming  off  in  Debt  to  the  said  Stevens.    That  the  Deponent  told 
them  that  he  intended  to  return  to  Steven's  the  next  day,  as  the 
Truth  was,  k  that  they  had  no  Law,  or  authority  to  arrest  cr 
make  him  a  Prisoner  for  which  they  answered  that  if  they  had 
not  Law  or  Authority,  they  had  strenght.    That  the  Deponent 
then  offered  to  pay  them  the  money,  which  he  owed  Steven, 
being  nine  shillings ;  but  they  refused  to  receive  it ,  saying  that 
he  should  go  back  with  them  &.  have  his  Trial  for  it.    That  the 
Deponent  refusing  to  submit  to  be  their  Prisoner  they  threatned 
to  bind  &  carry  Iilm  back  by  force ;  upon  which  they  tlirew  the 
Deponent  down,  &  abused  &  hurt  him  very  much.    That  thej 
kept  a  Guard  over  the  Deponent  the  whole  Night,  &  next  morning 
carried  liim  back  to  Steven's.  That  when  he  was  arrived  there  they 
held  a  Court  (as  they  termed  it)  over  the  Deponent,  &  appointed 
Peleg  Sunderland,  the  said  Roger  Stevens  jun^'&tliesaid  Lymen  to 
be  Jitdges  ia  the  Deponents  Cause.    Tliat  the  said  preteuded  Judges 
flrstgavetiieir  Judgment  that  the  Deponent  should  be  whipped  & 
Should  pay  the  said  nine  shillings  and  twenty  iuur  sliillings  for 
the  expeuses.    That  the  Deponent  having  some  Friends  present 
who  pitied  and  interceeded  for  him,  the  said  pretended  Judges 
omitted  tlie  Whipping;  but  Obliged  the  Deponent  to  pay  the 
Money,  wlilch  he  was  so  adjudged  to  pay.    That  tlie  Deponent 
complaining  of  this  Treatment  as  liighly  cruel  &  unjust  one 
Joshua  Wiggios  who  was  present  told  tlie  Deponent  he  should 
not  speak  beforo  them,  &  fell  upon  the  Deponent,  &  kicked  4r 


sing  dally.    Thtt 
18  troublesome  to 
it  would  be  bettw 
IT  left  his  house,  or 
ae  days  thereaftw 
)urhBm  about  ten 
the  said  Steven's 
he  pext  Day.  That 
I  &  the  same  Even* 
aen  (to  wltt)  Joseph 
to  the  house  of  one 
orough  aforesaid  in 
L  charged  him  \ritli 
it  the  Deponent  told 
the  next  day,  as  tbs 
ilthorlty  to  arrest  cr 
red  that  If  they  bad 
That  the  Deponent 
5h  he  owed  Stevens, 
[ecelve  It ,  saying  that 
rial  for  it.    That  the 
rlsoner  they  threatned 
which  they  threw  the 
rymuch.    That  they 
Night,  &  next  morning 
was  arrived  there  they 
Deponent,  &  appointed 
mr&thesaidLymento 
„  said  pretended  Judges 
t  should  be  wliippedfc 
enly  four  shillings  foi 
^  some  Friends  present 
said  pretended  Judges 
Deponent  to  pay  the 
That  tlie  Deponent 

ly  cruel  &  w»J«9t  <>"• 
le  Deponent  he  should 

Deponent,  &  kicked  » 


y 


sntw  BAMpnnAB  osAvra. 

iboied  him  very  much.  And  the  Deponent  salth  that  afle*^  n- 
eeiving  tliis  outrageous  Treatment  he  lett  the  said  Place,  k  that 
],«  can  not  return  without  being  in  Danger  of  jiis  Life ;  or  great 
^Uy  barm.  And  further  the  Deponent  salth  that  tlie  day 
l)rfore  the  above  Transaction  happened  one  Tliomas  Rowly  a 
Constable  of  Danby  in  the  said  County  came  to  the  liouse  of  the 
Hid  Steven's  having  tliree  Summonses,  Issued  for  Civil  Debts  by 
Bei^aniin  Hough  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Peace  of  the  said 
County.  That  a  Mob  to  the  Number  of  Seven,  of  which  the 
laid  Sunderland,  Stevens,  &  Lymen  were  tliree,  tlireatned  the 
laid  Constable  greatly,  declaring  that  if  he  would  not  deliver  up 
the  said  Summonses  tliey  would  whip  him ;  upon  which  tliesaid 
Constable  promised  that  if  they  would  not  whip  him,  he  would 
not  return  the  said  Summonses,  &  then  they  let  him  depart. 
And  fhrther  the  Deponent  saith  not. 

Sworn  tliis  Twenty  4»h  Day  of  Amoa  Chambbblain.  ' 

August  1771.    Before  me  / 

Dan  HoasMANDEir.  ■[ 


FORTIFICATIONS  ERECTED  ON  ONION  RIVER  AND  OHEB 
CKEEK  BY  THE  BENNINGTON  MOB. 

To  the  Honorable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq'  his  Majes- 

tys  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief 

in  and  over  the  Province  of  N«w  York  and  the 

Territories  thereon    depending   in   America.     In 

Council.  ^ 

The  Petition  and  complaint  of  Benjamin  Hough  one  of  hii 

Msjestys  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Charlotte,  in 

l)eha]f  of  himself,  other  Officers  of  Justice,  and  many  of  the 

Inhabitants  of  tlie  said  County ;  and  particularly  of  the  Towh- 

lliip  of  Durham  and  Soscialborough. 

Most  Humbly  Sheweth  That  your  Petitioners,  to  their  inex- 
pressible Grief,  find  tliemselves  again  reduced  to  the  Neces^^ 
of  imploring  the  Compassionate  attention  of  Govemmmt  to  the 


«' 


I 


«76 


00KTB0VER8Y   RKSPtCTING  THE 


If"        • 
i'i 


i 


)t  <» 


Calamities  which  they  Suffer,  and  the  ruin  ivith  which  they  ate 
threatened  by  the  Bennington  Rioters. 

The  measures  heretofore  adopted  by  his  Excellency  Governor 
Tryon  in  Council,  the  Resolves  of  the  General  Assembly,  and 
the  Act  of  Legislature'  passed  at  the  last  Sessions  lor  restoring 
Peace  and  order,  and  Protecting  your  Petitioners  in  their  lives 
and  Properties  ;  instead  of  producing  this  Salutary  Efifects,  have 
only  served  to  increase  the  Rage  and  Malice  of  those  dissolute 
People  and  to  expose  your  Petitioners  to  fresh  Insults,  and,  if 
possible,  to  Greater  Danger ;  and  so  feeble  and  intimidated  is 
the  Civil  Authority,  in  a  part  of  the  Country  remote  from  tlie 
metropolis,  and  overrun  with  Fugitives  from  the  other  Provinces 
that  fur  from  being  able  to  punish  offenders  and  check  their 
licencious  proceedings,  tlie  Magistrates,  at  one  of  these  Riotous 
Assemblies  held  in  April  last,  have  been  publickly  voted 
Enemies  to  their  Country,  only  for  accepting  their  Commissious 
under  tlie  autliority  of  this  Government ;  and  your  Petitioner 
Benjamin  Hough  was  formally  Served  with  a  Copy  of  that  vote, 
signed  by  the  Clerk  of  tlie  meeting.  In  consequence  of  this 
outrageous  resolution  two  of  the  Magistrates  have  been  insulted 
with  every  abuse,  attacked  in  their  Persons  and  properties,  and 
hunted  after  and  pursued  with  open  menaces  that  they  should 
be  taken  and  secured  either  Dead  or  alive  :  while  some  of  the 
chief  of  the  Rioters  have  barbarously  directed  their  abettors  to 
put  them  to  death  privately  !  In  circumstances  So  Perilous,  no 
longer  depending  upon  tlieir  own  Houses,  nor  the  most  Cautious 
and  inoflfensive  Behaviour  for  Security,  they  have  been  compelled 
to  take  refuge  and  conceal  themselves  in  the  night  among  their 
Friends  ;  and  your  Petitioner  Benjamin  Hough  was  so  narrowly 
watched  that  for  several  nights  immediately  before  he  left  the 
place  of  his  residence,  he  was  under  the  necessity  of  keeping  a 
Gpard  for  the  preservation  of  his  life,  having  twice,  with  utmost 
difficulty,  secured  himself  out  of  the  Hands  of  the  Rioters. 

That  unrestrained  by  principles  of  Duty,  or  Fear  of  Punish- 

1  Entitled — An  Act  for  preventing  tumnltnons  and  riotous  assemlilies  in  tbo 
places  therein  mentioned  for  the  more  speed}'  and  efTectual  pnnishing  the  rioten, 
Passed  0th  March  1774.  Among  other  provisional  wai  one  outlawibg  Etluto 
Alien  and  other  inbabitanta  of  Bennington.— Eo. 


as 

ith  whlcli  they  aie 

Ixcellency  Governor 
leral  Assembly,  and 
iessions  for  restoring 
loners  in  their  lives 
ialutary  Effects,  have 
ce  of  those  dissolute 
fresh  Insults,  and,  if 
le  and  intimidated  is 
ntry  remote  from  the 
m  the  other  Provinces, 
nders  and  check  their 
i  one  of  these  Riotous 
been  publickly  voted 
ting  their  Commisslous 
t  •  and  your  Petitioner 
th  a  Copy  ot  that  vote, 
n  consequence  of  this 
ates  have  been  insulted 
)ns  and  properties,  and 
laces  that  they  should 
_e  :  while  some  of  the 
[rected  their  abettors  to 
istances  So  Perilous,  no 
i,nor  the  most  Cautiou? 
iLy  have  been  compelled 
the  night  among  their 
Hough  was  so  narrowly 
itely  before  he  left  the 
necessity  of  keeping  a 
tvlng  twice,  with  utmost 

inds  of  the  Rioters, 
iity,  or  Fear  of  Punish- 

,  and  riotous  assemW'wlntho 
L,  1TM  one  oulla«.t.gEtl»« 


RKW  HAMPSHIRE  ORAMTl. 


ment,  the  Rioters  seem  arrived  at  the  last  stage  of  a  deliberate 
opposition  to  Government  and  the  Laws :  for  your  Petitioners 
are  well  informed  thxt  they  have  lately  erected  two  Fortresses  in 
the  County  of  Charlotte,  one  on  Opion  River,  and  the  other  on 
Otter  Creek,  an  act  of.Hostility,  which  while  it  encourages  them 
in  their  Confidence  and  presumption,  gives  additional  Terror  to 
your  Petitioners,  and,  if  not  speedily  checked,  may  prove  the 
occasion  of  much  mischief  and  Bloodshed. 

That  such  of  the  Inhabitants  as  are  averse  to  the  lawless 
proceedings  of  the  Rioters,  and  by  discountenancing  them  have 
incurred  their  rese  itment,  are  daily  exposed  to  the  most  immi- 
nent Danger  in  their  Persons  and  Properties ;  as  while  their 
magistrates  are  treated  with  so  muchlnhunumity,  they  can  have 
no  reason  to  look  for  the  least  mercy. 

That  called  upon  by  motives  of  self  preservation,  they  have 
once  more  appointed  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  to  represent  their 
grevious  distresses  to  Government,  and  to  renew  his  humble 
supplications  in  their  Behalf,  as  well  as  his  own,  for  succour.  ' " 
Faithful  and  inoffensive  subjects,  struggling  under  unparral- 
leled  oppressions,  and  without  the  means  of  Law,  Justice, 
Defence  or  Security,  may  be  permitted  to  hope  their  Earnest 
importunity  will  incite  the  Compassion  and  the  Care  of  Govern- 
ment ;  especially  when  it  is  the  misfortune  of  your  Petitioners 
to  be  persuaded  that  if  these  reasonable  Expectations  should 
unhappily  become  frustrate,  they  must  very  Soon  fall  victims  to 
the  Inhuman  Tyranny  of  the  Rioters,  and  that,  if  they  escape  with 
life,  the  least  that  can  befall  them  must  be  to  be  driven  with 
their  Helpless  Families,  from  their  Habitations  in  the  Greatest 
misery  and  distress. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  appealing  for  the  truth  of  the  Facts 
above  asserted  to  the  affidavits  and  papers  hereunto  annexed,  do 
humbly  beseech  your  Honour  to  take  their  Deplorable  case  into 
your  wise  Consideration,  and  to  grant  them  that  speedy  relief 
and  protection  of  which  they  stand  in  so  much  need. 

And  your  Petitioners  shall  ever  Pray 

Benjn  Hough*    -* 
1T74  Septemb'  1.    Read  in  Council. 


1 


41 


•p 


•78 


OOMTBOyBHST  SDnBCTIRO  VHS 


ESQR  HOUGHS  LIFE  THREATENED. 


hN. 


j^.      • 


1*  > 


Daniel  Walker  of  Durham  in  th^  County  of  Charlottee  Being 
of  Full  Age  Deposeth  and  Saith — 

,  That  on  the  First  day  of  August  Instant  Benjamin  Hoof  Dsqr 
of  Socialborough  Came  to  my  house  being  as  he  informed  me 
very  much  Threatened  and  abused  by  Some  of  the  Mobb  (to  vit.) 
John  Smith  and  one  Enos  Raws  and  We  being  Sitting  at  Dinner 
at  my  house^  there  Came  one  Dan,  Howlet  of  Shaf'tsbury  in  the 
Northeastern  District  of  the  County  of  Albany  and  made  Enquiry 
if  the  Sdd  Benjamin  Hoof  was  there ;  and  Further  added  that 
he  [had]  some  business  with  him.  The  deponent  Further  Saith 
the  Said  Hoof  Answered  him  and  asked  the  Said  Howlet  what 
Business  he  had  with  him,  the  Said  Howlit  answered  he  wanted 
a  Warrant,  the  Said  Hoof  asked  him  where  he  lived,  and  tie 
Said  Howlit  Said  he  lived  at  home ;  and  then  the  Said  Howlit 
begun  with  very  Rough  Discourse,  Saying  that  he  had  not  Come 
to  Quarrel,  but  that  he  had  come  as  a  forerunner,  to  warn  him 
and  that  there  was  but  one  Step,  Between  his  the  Said  Howlets 
life  and  M'  Hoofs  and  Swore  by  God  they  would  have  him  dead 
or  alive  Soon  with  much  other  threatning  Words,  Signifying  that 
the  Said  Hough  must  Relinquish  all  Pretentions  of  acting  as  an 
officer,  and  if  he  did  he  did  not  know  but  the  Said  Hoofs  life 
might  be  Spared,  but  uncertain,  and  then  made  Towards  the 
Said  Hoof,  and  assaulted  him  in  a  very  Rough  manner  by 
Pushing  threatiuing  Swearing  in  the  most  inhuman  manner  So 
that  the  Said  Hoof  was  obliged  to  use  Violent  means  to  escape 
out  of  his  hands  but  did  not  hurt  nor  abuse  the  Said  Howlit  no 
otherways  than  throwing  the  Howlet  down  on  the  Ground  and 
holding  him  there  untill  he  Could  Find  means  to  get  out  of  his 
way  as  there  was  a  Number  of  People  at  Neighbours  house  that 
I  Suspected  Would  Come  to  His  the  Said  Howlit's  Assistance 
and  Further  Saith  not. 

v"'^    Daniel  Walker  J'. 
August  y«  2od  A  D  1774.  i»<  ■  i 

Swoi-n  to  ' 

Before  Benj«>  Spencer  Ju"  Peace.         <  ^' '     ' : 


!  li 


!?    .. 


IB 

ENED. 

of  Charlottee  Being 

Benjamin  Hoof  Esq' 
;  as  he  informed  me 
oftheMobb(tomt.) 
ling  Sitting  at  Dinner 
of  Shal'isbury  in  the 
oy  and  made  Enquiry 
{  Further  added  that 
jponent  Further  Saith 
the  Said  Howlet  what 
t  answered  he  wanted 
ere  he  lived,  and  tie 
then  the  Said  Howlit 
that  he  had  not  Come 
rerunner,  to  warn  him 
a  his  the  Said  Howlets 
r  would  have  him  dead 
;  Words,  Signifying  that 
tentions  of  acting  as  an 
.>ut  theSwd  Hoofs  life 
len  made  Towards  the 
jry  Rough  manner  by 
jst  inhuman  manner  So 
[iolent  means  to  escape 
Luse  the  Said  Howlit  no 
[wn  on  the  Ground  and 
means  to  get  out  of  his 
t  Neighbours  house  that 
id  Howlit'8  Assistance 

Daotkl  Walker  J'. 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


879 


Jacob  Marsh  Esq'  of  Soclalborougli  in  the  County  of  Charlotte 

Deposeth  and  Saith— That  on  the  First  day  of  August  Instant 

IS  I  was  Traveling  the  Road  in  Socialborough  I  saw  a  Number 

of  Men  Travelling  around  with  Guns,  Pretending  they  were 

Going  a  Hunting,  but  Soon  afterwards  I  fell  in  Company  with 

John  Smith  the  second  ;  who  Informed  me  in  our  Conversation 

that  he  was  no  Mobb  man  himself,  but  that  he  had  Seen  Cap* 

Warner  Some  Few  days  before,  and  that  Warner  had  informed 

him  that  Esq'  Spencer  Should  not  act  as  an  Officer  much  longer, 

and  that  Spencer  was  a  lyar,  but  that  Esq'  Hoof  they  would 

Take  very  Soon  before  the  Week  was  out  and  if  they  could  not 

take  him  no  other  ways,  they  were  Determined  to  Kill  him  where 

ever  they  Could  Find  him,  that  they  were  determined  to  Waylay 

the  roads  and  also  his  house  for  that  Purpose  &  that  he  assigned 

For  the  cause  of  their  Spite  and  ambition  against  Esq'  Hoof, 

vas  that  he  had  been  to  New  York  and  entering  complaints 

against  the  Mobb,— arid  acted  as  officers  without  the  Mobb  leave 

or  Consent  and  Further  Saith  not. 

Jacob  Mabsh. 
August  y  i"*"  A  D  1774. 

Sworn  to  before  ^ 

BcKj*  Spencer  Jus*  Peace. 


ESQR  SPENCER'S  PROPERTY  LAD)  WASTE. 


i^'  ■:•<: 


;t 


A  "''';' 


<  u 


Jbremiah  Gardner  of  Durham  in  the  Counte  of  Shariota 
Being  of  ful  age  Deposeth  and  Sath, 

that  on  the  2  Day  of  August  instane  at  night  tl;iat  he  loged 
at  the  Dwelling  House  of  Squir  Spenser  and  some  time  in  the 
Still  time  of  the  night  he  heard  a  noys  of  people  Round  about 
the  Hou.^e  but  saw  no  person  but  early  in  the  morning  he  see 
Spencer's  Cart  turned  over  and  a  Slay  on  the  top  of  it  and  a 
gallos  arected  on  a  Stomp  hung  up  with  achane  and  Several^ 
Sticks  whipt  or  wore  out  a  whipping  the  Stomp  and  lud  a  top 
of  it,  and  further  the  Deponant  Sath  thare  was  much  of  the  S^ 


880 


GOMTBOYEBST   BESPXCriJTO  THK 


r 

4 


§■■ 


^H^^H 

^Et  ^ 

^^^^^R 

Pi?!'^'*' 

^^^^^^■1 

a'  ijn    **' 

^^^^^^^^^H^H 

^^ff'^  ? 

ral^H^^^^^^I■^^^     ^ 

I^HWWPi»t>  i>  %'x, 

wm^Um*^'i 

II^HS^I '' 

m^^^Hp^'.; 

^^Hpl-'f* 

j^^^^H, 

h^^^Br^' 

^B'^ '  1 '!'. 

j^BBWpWWHpWfe' 

^"g%;^.7'    ■       ^    ■ 

fe^' jJ^'*'  ^*'    '   * 

^■ff: 

Spencers  fens  throne  Down  and  Seural  posts  puld  up  and  carrat 

eight  or  teen  Rods  and  much  grane  lade  open  to  the  cotninon 

and  a  number  of  Cattle  Destroying  it  and  two  horses  in  S' 

Spencers  paster  hed  thar  mans  and  Tals  cut  and  Disvegered  and 

further  Sath  not. 

j£B£UiAH  Gardner. 
*  August  ye  3  A  D  1774. 

Sworn  Before  Benjao  Hough,  Jact*  pece. 


AFFIDAVn  OF  THE  REV.  BENJ.  HOUCH,  MAGISTRATE  OF 

CHARLOTTE  CO. 

City  of  New  York  ss:  Benjamin  Hough  of  the  Township  of 
ScOcialb«)rough  in  tlie  County  of  Charlotte  Esq' being  duly  swoin 
on  the  holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God  deposeth  and  saith 
that  he  has  resided  about  eighteen  months  in  the  said  Township 
of  Soclalborough,  and  being  unwilling  to  enter  into  any  Contro- 
versy respecting  the  Title  to  the  Lands  which  he  possesses,  Ha 
this  Deponent  agreed  not  only  with  the  New  York  propiieton, 
but  with  the  persons  who  claimed  the  same  under  New  Hamp- 
shire, for  their  Right  or  pretensions  thereto.  Tliat  about  ten 
months  last  past  many  cruel  acts  of  Outrage  &  Oppression  being 
committed  by  the  said  New  Hampshire  Claimants,  against  the 
persons  &  properties  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants  as  professed  a 
Respect  for  the  Laws  &  Government,  &  would  not  countenance 
or  join  in  the  rash  proceedings  of  the  said  Rioters  ;  and  these 
peaceable  Inhabitants  being  in  very  great  Danger  both  with 
respect  to  their  property  &  tlieir  persons,  &  being  frequently 
insulted  k  abused,  this  deponent  who  was  then  &  still  is  an 
Anabaptist  preacher  of  the  Gospel,  in  the  said  County  did,  at 
the  Request  of  several  of  the  said  peaceable  &  abused  inhabitants, 
come  down  to  the  City  of  New  York  and  applied  to  the  Governor 
the  Council  &  General  Assembly  of  the  Province  of  New  Yoilc 
for  Redress  &  protection.  That  tlie  truth  of  your  Petitionen 
Complaint  being  fully  proved  by  a  Number  of  Depositions  & 
Proo&  there  produced,  a  proclamation  was  thereupon  issued 


.  * 


V^W  HAl^SHIRE   GRANTS. 


881 


H,  MAGISTRATE  OP 


offering  a  Reward  for  apprehending  the  principal  Ringleadera  k 
Authors  of  the  said  Riots,  and  a  Law  of  the  said  province  was 
also  passed  for  suppres^ipig  the  said  Riots  &  tumoltuous  proceed- 
ings ;  &  for  punishing  thf.  offenders.  That  as  soon  as  this 
Measure  was  effected  the  Deponent  returned  to  his  place  of 
Residence  and  as  a  Magistrate  of  the  said  County  dispersed  & 
published  the  sajd  proclamation  &,  act  of  Legislature  &  inculcated 
&  recommended  to  the  said  Riotous  persons  a  more  peaceable  & 
orderly  Demeanor,  and  as  no,  steps  were  taken  with  regard  to  the 
Lands  possessed  by  ^he  said  New  Hampshire  Claimants,  but  they 
were  suffered  quietly  t<>  hold  the  same.  This  Deponent  hoped 
the  said  Rioters  would  have  permitted  their  Neighbours,  differing 
from  them  in  Conduct  and  Sentiment  to  live  in  peace  &  security. 
But  tWs  Deponent  saAth  that  some  time  in  the  month  of  April 
liist  there  was  a  meeting  of  the  said  Rioters,  in  consequence  of 
the  said  act  of  Legislature  and  proclamation,  where  it  was 
resolved  by  them  that  any  person  or  persons,  within  the  Lands 
claimed  by  them,  who  had  or  should  accept  a  commission  or 
commissions  of  the  peace,  should  by  them  in  general  be  deemed 
sa  Enemy  to  their  Country  and  Common  Cause,  That  shortly 
after  a  paper  was  delivered  to  this  Deponent  signed  by  one  Jonas 
Fay  derk  of  the  said  meeting,  in  the  following  words  (to  wit) 

"  Gentlemen  th^  following  is  proposed  whether  it  be  to  your  minds  that  any 
"person  or  persons  in  the  New  Hampshire  Grant  under  the  present  situation  of 
"gffiurstbat  have  or  shall  presume  to  take  commission  or  commissions  of  the 
"peace  shall  by  the  Grantees  in  general  be  deemed  an  Enemy  to  their  Country 
" k  Common  cause  untill  his  Majesties  pleasure  ia  the  premesis  be  further  known: 
"passed  in  the  affirmative  all  yeas  tc  No  If  ays  at  a  general  meeting  holden  at 
"Manchester  12th  Day  of  April  A.  D.  1774  and  by  adjournment  to  the  18th. 

"  pr  Jonas  Fay  Clerk  of  the  said  Meeting." 

And  this  Deponent  fhrther  saith  that  altho  in  the  Execution 
of  his  office,  finding  the  civil  power  altogether  unable  to  oppose 
or  punish  the  said  Rioters,  he  desisted  from  every  act  &  prosecu- 
tion against  them  or  the  Dispute  concerning  their  Claims  or 
possessions  and  filmed  at  nothing  more  than  to  preserve  peace 
&  some  Degree  of  prfler  in  the  Country ;  yet  this  Deponent  from 
time  to  time  received  information  that  the  said  Rioters  had 
doomed  his  person  &  property  to  Destruction,  and  frequently  his 
house  was  surrounded  by  persons  unknown  to  hin^j  in  the  dead 

Vol.  IV.  66 


•"> 


;.ii 


1 ! 


ft 


0 


!    i 


.    i 


88S 


CONTROVERSY   RK8PEOTINO  THE 


^.1 


m 


hyy 


t  t 


"h  ~^r 


'-*.  :'^'   •  * 


i'     •"**.» 
^4'  - 


,','1  ^   ' 

■  < 


J'  ■■ 


of  Night,  &  attempts  made  to  break  open  his  door,  and  the  Depo- 
nent further  saith  that  on  or  about  27»''  Day  of  July  last  past 
one  John  Smith  &  £nos  Ross  of  Socialborough  aforesaid  being 
armed  with  Clubs,  made  an  assault  upon  the  Deponent  & 
endeavored  to  make  him  their  prisoner,  declaring  that  if  he 
resisted,  they  would  kill  him,  that  the  Deponent  being  unarmed 
called  to  his  Wife  for  a  weapon  in  order  to  defend  himself  or  intimi- 
date the  said  assailants  from  executing  their  purpose  upon  which 
the  said  Enos  Ross  forced  himself  into  the  Deponents  house,  in 
order  as  appeared  afterwards,  to  get  the  Deponent's  Gun:  That 
the  Deponent  being  freed  from  the  said  Enos  Ross,  knocked 
down  the  said  John  Smith  &  then  removed  to  a  place  where  he 
saw  a  stone,  which  he  took  up  &  stood  upon  his  Defence.  That 
the  said  Enos  Ross  now  having  got  the  Deponents  Gun  out  of 
his  house  came  toward  the  Deponent  therewith,  swearing  that  he 
would  shoot  him  through,  but  happily  the  Gun  was  not  loadea  • 
&  the  Deponent  solemnly  protesting  that  he  would  not  be  taken 
by  them  alive,  &  standing  upon  his  defence,  tliey  at  last  desisted, 
&  retired  swearing  that  they  would  have  the  Deponent  dead  or 
alive.  That  all  the  Reason  which  they  assigned  for  tliis  violent 
attack  upon  the  Deponent,  was  that  he  had  complained  of  the 
Rioters  to  Government,  &  applied  for  the  protection  of  himself 
&  the  rest  of  the  injured  inhabitants,  and  had  issued  process 
against  some  of  the  Mob  Tho  this  Deponent  declares  that  he 
never  issued  any  process  but  for  a  civil  Debt,  (except  one  upon 
a  Law  of  this  province  against  a  person  for  killing  a  Deer  out  of 
season,  and  the  said  John  Smith  &  Enos  Ross  at  the  same  time 
fnrther  declared  that  Benjamin  Spencer,  the  only  other  acting 
Magistrate  in  that  part  of  the  said  County,  nor  any  other  person, 
should  act  as  a  Magistrate  over  them.  And  the  Deponent  further 
saith  that  being  at  the  dwelling  house  of  Daniel  Walker  in  the 
Township  of  Derham  in  the  said  County,  on  the  first  Day  of 
this  Instant  August  a  certain  Dan  Howlet,  who  lives  at  Shafts- 
bury  near  Bennington,  came  there,  &  enquired  for  the  Depo- 
nent, and  after  much  abusive  language  Halet  told  the  Depo- 
nent that  he  had  come  as  a  forerunner  to  warn  him,  and 
that  there  was  but  one  step  between  the  said  Houldt's  Life  and 
the  deponent's,  and  swore  that  the  Rioters  would  have  him  the 


MEW  HAMPSHIRE  ORAKTB. 


883 


ioor,andthel)epo- 
r  of  July  last  part 
gh  aforesaid  being 
I  the  Deponent  & 
jclaring  that  if  he 
lent  being  unarmed 
nd  himself  or  intirai- 
purpose  upon  Vfhich 
Deponents  house,  in 
sponent's  Gun:  That 
Enos  Ross,  knocked 
to  a  place  where  he 
>n  his  Defence.    That 
eponents  Gun  ovt  of 
ivvith,  swearing  that  he 
Gun  was  not  loadea ; 
le  would  not  be  taken 
;e  they  at  last  desisted, 
the  Deponent  dead  or 
5signed  for  this  violent 
lad  complained  of  the 
protection  of  himself 
nd  had  issued  process 
[)nent  declares  that  he 
lebt,  (except  one  upon 
>r  killing  a  Deer  out  of 
iloss  at  the  same  time 
L  the  only  otlier  acting 
y,  nor  any  other  person, 
id  the  Deponent  further 
Daniel  Walker  in  the 
:y,  on  the  first  Day  of 
»t,  who  lives  at  Shafts- 
enquired  for  the  Depo- 
Halet  told  the  Depo- 
^er  to  warn  him,  and 
said  Houldt's  Life  and 

.rs  would  have  him  the 


Deponent  dead  or  alivej  signifying  also  that  the  Deponent  must 
relinquish  all  pretensions  of  Acting  as  a  Magistrate,  and,  if  he 
should,  he  did  not  know  but  tlie  Deponent's  Life  might  be  Spared; 
but  tliat  this  was  uncertain.    That  the  said  Halet  then  assaulted 
and  pushed  this  deponent  in  a  very  rough  manner,  so  that  he 
was  obliged  to  exert  himself  in  order  to  escape  out  of  his  Hand:} 
by  throwing  the  said  Halet  on  the  Ground,  and  securing  him 
ontill  he  could  find  means  to  get  out  of  his  way,  and  the  Depo- , 
nent  further  saith  that  he  is  credibly  informed  &  verily  believes  • 
tbat  the  said  Rioters  have  erected  two  Forts  for  their  Defence, 
one  on  Onion  River,  and  another  on  Otter  Creek  in  the  said 
County  of  Charlotte,  and  the  Deponent  further  saith  that  from 
Depositions  taken  before  him  and  tlie  said  Benjamin  Spencer 
respectively  it  appears,  and  the  Deponent  verily  believes  that 
the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  by  reason  of  his  acceptiiig  of  a  Com-  • 
mission  as  a  magistrate  of  the  said  County,  is  in  great  Danger 
from  the  said  Mobb,  both  with  respect  to  his  property  &  his 
Lite;  and  that  for  the  three  last  nights  before  this  Deponent  left 
the  said  County  of  Charlotte,  neither  he,  nor  the  Deponent, 
thought  it  Safe  to  lodge  in  their  own  houses;  but  removed  for- 
their  security  to  the  Houses  of  their  friends,  and  that  this  Depo- 
nent thought  it  Necessary  to  keep  six  men  armed  in  the  house 
where  he  lodged  to  defend  him  in  ^ase  of  Discovery,  and  this 
Deponent  further  saitli  that  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Town- 
ship of  Durham  &  Socialborough,  who  are  not  connected  with 
the  said  Rioters,  and  are  submissive  to  the  authority  of  Govern-  ■ 
ment,  are  greatly  terrified,  and  under  continual  Apprehensions 
of  being  attacked  by  tlie  said  Rioters,  and  that  they  entreated  y 
this  Deponent  once  more  to  come  down  to  this  City  and  to  apply 
to  Government  for  Redress  &  protection,  and  this  Depoi^nt  is 
very  confident  tliat  unless  some  effectual  Measures  are  speedily  ^ 
taken  to  preserve  the  said  Inhabitants  against  the  violence  & 
I  Licentiousness  of  the  said  Rioters,  tliey  must  soon  be  driven  from 
their  possessions  &  reduced  to  the  greatest  poverty  &  Distress; 
and  with  respect  to  himself  this  Deponent  saith,  that  he  has  laid 
{out  his  little  substance  in  improveing  a  Farm  in  the  said  Town-  j^ 
ip  of  Socialborough,  that  from  the  threats  &  the  Danger  of  « 
I  the  said  Rioters  he  is  prevented  from  ciUtivating  the  same,  & 


vll 


t  1. 

11 


v^^v 


OONTMTIMT  BttMettirG  THK 


^3.. 


his  hired  Seiratit  Who  assisted  him'  th«reitt,  from  the  Threats  of 

the  said  Rioters,  has  been  intimidated  &  left  his  service,    That 

this  Deponent  oonOeives  his  own  Life  is  so  much  in  Danger  from 

the  open  attacks  ft  threats  of  the' said  Rioters,  that  he  cannot 

think  of  returning'  to  hiii  Habltaitlon,  without  some  a88i8tan(!« 

from  the  Goyernment,  as  he  vevlly  beliet«9  that  the  said  Rioten 

Will  either  privately,  or  openly,  destroy  him  if  they  have  an 

opportunity,  and  that  he  knows  of  no  Reason  he  has  given  for 

their  Malice  towards  hfan,  except  hi^  applying  for  protection 

when  he  conceived  himself  and  his  Neighbors  to  be  In  imminent 

Danger,  &,  saw  them  greatly  insulted  &  abused;  k  his  accepting 

his  Majesty's  Commission  as  a  Magistrate  of  the  said  County 

and  further  the  Deponent  salth  not. 

Benja«  Hough. 
Sworn  this  Twenty  fourth  Day  of 

August  1774.    Before  me 

DaML.    HoaSMAMDEN. 


iihti-M.  ,'i4t'b4«4v) 


t- ..-**'. 


APPLICATION  FOR  A  MILITAKT  FORCE 


TO  SUPPOKT   TijlB   CIVUi  4VTH0RITIES    OF, CHARLOTTE  COUNTY. 


In  Council  September  !■*  1774. 
The  Petitl(Hi  and  Deposition  of  Benjamin  Hough  one  of  His 
Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Charlotte,  also 
the  Depositions  of  Benjamin  Spencer  Esq'  Jacob  Marsh  Esq' 
Amos  Chamberlain,  Jeremiah  Gardenier,  Daniel  Walker,  PhUip 
Nlcollsf  Thomas  Bray  ton,  and  Daniel  Washburn  all  of  the  same 
County,  were  laid  before  the  Board,  whereby  it  appears  that  the 
Riotous  proceedings  of  some  of  the  Settlers  In  the  said  County 
of  Charlotte  do  not  only  continue  but  have  so  far  Increased  that 
they  have  Erected  two  Fortresses  in  the  said  County,  one  at  I 
Onion  River  and  the  other  at  Otter  Creek,  and  openly  threateni 
the  Lives  and  Properties  of  all  those  who  Profess  to  maintain| 
Peace  and  good  Order,  and  are  Friends  to  this  Government,  and 
the  said  Petition  hnmldy  Praying  his  Honor  to  take  the  Case  ofl 


^ 


from  the  Threats  of 
t  bis  service,    That 
luoh  in  Danger  from 
ters,  that  he  cannot 
kout  some  assistance 
that  the  said  Riotew 
ilm  if  they  liave  an 
i9on  he  has  given  for 
plying  for  protection 
K>r8  to  be  in  imminent 
ased;  &  his  accepting 
B  of  the  said  County, 

B«WJA«  Hough. 


JiDEN. 


jRiw  HuonaBm  ioaanik 


9» 


tm  FORCE 

,1,  September  V*  1774. 
lamin  Hough  one  of  His 
County  of  Charlotte,  also 

Esq'  J-acob  Marsh  Esq' 
.r  Daniel  Walker,  Philip 
l^ashburn  all  of  the  same 
lereby  it  appears  that  the 

pttlers  in  the  said  County 
[have  so  far  increased  that 

the  said  County,  one  at 
ireek,  and  openly  threaten 
who  Profess  to  maintain 
19  to  this  Government,  and 

Honor  to  take  the  Case  of 


i)a  Dlstrewed  Inhabitants  of  that  part  of  the  Province  into  Con- 
sideration, und  afford  them  lome  speedy  and  effectual  Relief, 
without  whi^h  many  of  the  said  Inhabitants  will  be  compelled 
to  leave  their  Settlements  and  be  thereby  utterly  ruined— And 
[he  said  Benjamin  Hough  being  called  in  and  Examined,  and 
being  witbdrawn.  The  €V)U(ncil,  after  maturely  considering  the 
Freqii«««y  «nd  Violence  of  these  Disorders,  humbly  advise  that 
hisBoilor  do  apply  to  his  Excellency  General  Gage  for  a  Military 
Aid  of  two  hundved  'Men  to  suj^poift  the  ^Civil  Magistrncor  in 
Keeping  the  Peace  of  the  said  County  and  its  Vicinity.        . 


Sir 


GEN.  GAGE  TO  LT.  GOV.  COLDEN.  : 

*<"!  "'h  iiiif'f-    ^''<  Boston  Sept:  19t»»  1774. 


I  am  to  acknowledge  the  Receipt  of  your  Letter  of  the  T^ 
September,  witli  a  minutd  of  the  Council  held  at  New  Yorki  the 
1'*  Instant,  and  a  Copy  of  a  Petition  and  Complaint  of  Bepjamin 
Hough  Esq',  in  behaU'  of  himself,  and  otlier  Officers  of  Justice, 
and  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Charlotte,  therein  inclosed. 

ft  wou'd  liave  been  very  agreeable  to  me  to  have  complied 
with  the  application,  you  are  pleased  to  make  me  in  consequenoe 
of  the  above,  for  a  military  aid  of  200,  or  150  men,  to  be  em- 
ployed in  the  Suppcnrt  of  Civil  Government  In  said  County;  but 
Qoverooi  Tiyon  haiing  made  a  like  Requisition  to  Geueml 
ilaldlmand,  wIii<iEihe  lh<uiRght  proper  to  decline  complying  with, 
till  he  liad  refen-'d  it  to  His  Majesty's  Ministers,  and  Irving  in 
answer  been  given  to  understand,  that  tlieKing  approved  of  bis 
Conduct  in  not  sending  >a!mllitary  Force  into  that  Country;  you 
(rill  doubtless  join  me  in  opinion  tliat  I  cau  not  at  present  affiwd 
Hie  aid  you  require. 

Governor  Try  on  was  called  home  that  he  might  give  Lights 
in  the  Points  in  dispute  eoaceriung  the  New  Hampshire  Lands, 
and  the  several  Parties  concerned  were  to  be  heard  before  the 
Board  of  Trade,  and  a  Report  made  to  his  Majesty  tliereupon, 
when  it's  probable  a  final  Deeision  will  ke  made  upon  this  sub- 


■l! 


I 


i      ■ 


886 


OOMTBOTUf T  munCTIlfO  TBS 


mkd  '' 

J 

t,! 

»    <« 

p*'; 

* 

?■• 

4 

»  >  ■  iv*5  * 

f 

t^i'i.'. 

* 

Jeot  and  it  is  then  to  be  expected,  that  effectual  measures  will 
be  adopted,  and  necessary  Directions  given  to  restore  order,  and 
enforce  a  due  obedience  to  the  Laws  in  that  County. 
I  am,  with  very  great  Regard, 
Sir, 
f  /I'>iirt««M.*iU       Your  most  Obedient, 

■>  ''  t<^:ih>  humble  Servant, 

Tho"  Gam. 
(Endorsed)    Sept:  29, 1774.    Read  in  Council.  ^ 


ta^'^'TT''^'*    ' 


m-,^^'mw»^^  ''^'^F'  .."u**-  -mt^mwif-. 


Ti\* 


^mi'- 


LT.  GOT.  COLDEN  TO  LORD  DARTMOUTH. 

.  ,  ,1,tX^  ■  <\i'  i)     .'.•Iff 

'  [Lend.  Doe.  XLIV.] 

^*^r  v^f.,  .^^  ^^  ^^^  y^yj^  ^jfc  October  1774 

My  Lord, 

"  The  inclosed  Copy  of  a  Petition,  and  affadavits  laid  before  me 
and  the  Council,  will  inform  your  Lordship,  liow  much  His 
Majesty's  peaceable  subjects  in  a  part  of  the  Province  mentioned 
in  the  Petition  are  mollested  and  insulted  by  a  lawless  sett  of 
Men  who  at  first  settled  there  under  a  claim  made  by  the 
Government  of  New  Hampshire ;  but  since  tliey  have  been 
disown'd  by  that  Government,  they  will  pay  obedience  to  none 
— assume  all  power  to  themselves,  chuse  Magistrates,  erect  Courts 
and  inflict  punishments  &c.  Fugitives  from  all  the  neighboring 
Grovernraents  resort  thither,  so  that  they  are  now  become  a 
numerous  and  dangerous  Body  of  Banditti,  which  is  every  Day 
encreasing.  The  Council  advised  me  to  apply  to  General  Gage 
for  Military  Assistance  to  preserve  the  Peace  only  :  His  answer  j 
is  that.  General  Haldimand,  had,  on  a  similar  Reqiiisition  declined 
giving  any  Military  Assistance,  and  his  refusal  had  been  approved 
of  by  his  Majesty's  Ministers,  and  for  that  reason  he  declmedj 
giving  any  Assistance. 

My  Lord,  this  Body  of  Lawless  men,  fugitives  from  all  parts- 
daily  encreasing,  may  soon  become  very  dangerous,  by  encoura-i 
ging  the  worst  of  men  to  resort  thither,  and  to  stand  in  defiance] 
of  Law  and  Government  j  I  therefore  humbly  conceive  it  deserresi 


m 


MEW  HAMP8UIU  ORAMTI. 


jctual  measures  v^ffl 
to  restore  order,  and 
;  Couuty. 
jard, 

Mt  Obedient, 
humble  Servant, 

Tuu"  Oaoi. 
[Jounoll. 


DAHTMOUTH. 


ork  4**  October  1774. 

affadavits  laid  before  me 
irdshlp,  bow  much  His 
'  ti\e  Province  mentioned 
ted  by  a  lawless  sett  of 
r  a  claim  mad©  by  the 
since  tiiey  bave  been 
pay  obedience  to  none 
Magistrates,  erect  Courts 
from  all  the  neighboring 
they  are  now  become  a 

litti,  which  is  every  Day 
to  apply  to  General  Gage 

I  Peace  only:  His  an^et 
LlarBeqitlsitiondechned 
'refusal  had  been  approved 
'  that  reason  he  declined 

n  furitlves  from  all  parts- 
ty  dangerous,  by  enconra- 
Vandtostandindefaance 
ttbly  conceive  it  deserves 


your  Lordships  immediate  attention.  The  first  settlers  from  New 
Hampshire,  and  the  leading  men  among  them,  pretend  that  they 
have  Encouragement  from  their  Agent  in  England,  that  your 
Lordship  entertains  a  favourable  Opinion  of  iheir  claim  and 
pretentions,  but  I  am  persuaded  tliey  can  have  no  foundation  for 
such  hopes. 

The  greatest  part  of  the  lands  those  troublesome  people  are 
8ettled  on,  my  Lord,  have  been  granted  by  this  Government,  to 
reduced  officers  and  disbanded  soldiers  of  His  Mi^esty's  Army 
who  served  in  the  last  War  in  America,  in  obedience  to  the 
Royal  Proclamation  of  the  ?»»»  October  1763.  I  hardly  need  to 
mention  to  your  Lordsliip  that  where  the  Lands  are  private 
Property,  a  dispute  of  title  can  only  be  determined  in  the 
Courts  of  Justice.  The  Pattentees  under  NewYork,  those  who 
hold  by  Military  Grants,  as  well  as  others  who  have  Pattents  in 
the  common  Way,  think  tlieir  title  is  indubitably  good.  The 
Governors  of  this  Colony  have  hail  full  authority  to  grant  the 
lands  quite  to  the  West  Bank  of  Connecticut  River,  ever  since 
the  Duke  of  York  received  his  grant  of  the  Colony.  A  dread 
of  tl«e  French  and  Indians  from  Canada,  prevented  for  many 
years  any  grants  or  settlements  being  made  in  that  part  of  this 
Province  wliere  these  people  are  now  settled.  The  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire  who  never  had  authority  to  grant  one  Foot 
of  Land  West  of  Connecticut  River,  his  Government  being 
Iwundetl  to  the  Westward  by  his  Majesty's  other  Governments, 
finding  this  country  an  uninliabited  Desert,  upon  the  peace  after 
the  War  before  the  last,  laid  hold  of  the  opportunity,  and  in  a 
very  short 'time  granted  away  this  extensive  tract  of  country, 
down  to  the  waters  of  Wood  Creek  and  Lake  Champlain.  A 
full  information,  has  been  at  different  Times,  transmitted  to  your 
Lordship  and  your  Predecessors  in  office,  of  the  very  unjustifia- 
ble manner  in  which  those  grants  were  made,  in  defiance  of  the 
earliest  notice  from  this  Government  that  Connecticut  River  was 
our  Boundary.  Your  Lordship  is  possessed  of  such  ample 
Int'ormation  on  this  subject,  that  I  will  not  presume  to  trouble 
you  with  any  thing  more  upon  it  now,  but  to  repeat  my  humble 
opinion  of  the  necessity  there  is  that  these  lawless  People 
should  be  discouraged  from  entertaining  any  Hopes,  but  in  tlie 


< 


'60M1>K0Vl^V  mt^fic^lVo  THE 


ytid^eihdh^ftbf  f1i^Coiik8'6'r  Jbsti^;  Wh^r^only  the  Prop^Hy 
of  the  Subjects  can  be  detennfned. 

i  am  with  most  entire  submiflsioti 

T6Ur  tbhTship^s  mo!(t  ftiithfhil 
&  obedient  servant 

,        '  ,   .  CaDWALLADER  CoLDlJf 


tvl 


I 


c    ■   i  ^ 

r    1 ' 


'  ■>    II 


9istlvvi  'Sir.  ».' 


«U(tmi 


SMil  nit*** 


Application  prom  charlotte  county 


;i 


TO   BE  ALLOWED  THE  PRIVILEGE  OF    ELECTING   A   REPRESENTATIVE 


orfT 


To  the  Honourable  Cadwalder  Golden  £sqr  Lieut*  Gover- 
nor and  Commander  In  Chief  of  His  Majesties  Province 
of  New  York  &«  &«. 
'  In  Council 

rnf^M  iThe  Petition  of  Sundry  of  the  principal  Inhabitance  Free- 

^^ '  *         holders  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  j 
Most  Humbly  Sheweth 

,t  Hv  ''Tjjut  y(jur  petitioners  for  want  of  a  Representation  In  General 
Assembly  Labour  under  a  Veriety  of  Inconveuiences  Wliicli 
'tit^  think  it  Needless  to  Numerate  to  your  Honour  and  the 
$fooo«nJbfi»  Board  They  thereibre  mogt  Earnestly  pray  Tliaf 
yoiu  Hdooitrabte  Board  will  be  pleasM  to  order  Writ  to  U 
Issued  to  the  Sheriff  of  said  County  to  cause  two  persons  tc  he 
Elected  te  represent  us  in  the  present  General  Assembly  ;  and 
your  petitioner  as  in  Duty  Bound  shall  ever  pray. 
Charlotte  County  Decern  :  1«»  1774 

The  signers  are  Desired  to  write  their  Names  in  the  Colomn 
under  the  name  of  the  Patent  that  they  Belong  to  &c. 


Aboylr. 
Alexr  Campbell 
James  Campbell 
Wra  Croukfthank 
Alexamlor  McNachtcn 
VicI  McCdkron 
I)nn  Campbell 


Roger  Red  }-,.j,, 

Tiniotiiy  Titus   ' 
John  Rccd 
Alc.\nn<ler  Red 
Donald  Ked 
Duticun  Hod 
Uuiiald  McDiiZidd 


John  McDugald 
Duncan  Glllcrist 
Pi'ttor  fiillciist 
Pettcr  McEaclicicn 
Jnnics  Monnt 
John  McDuugal) 


^'4  *    ■ 


5  bfaljr  the  iProperty 


^bW  kiittMMBt  diuMfi. 


889 


full 

WALLADKR  COLDBM 


rrE  COUNTY 

iNO   A  REPRESEHTATIVE 
'  nil  - 

IdenEsq^Weut'Gover- 
Hls  Majesties  Province 

In  Council 
iclpal  Inhabitance  Ym- 

[epresentatlon  In  General 
Inconveniences  Wl\lch 
your  Honour  and  the 
Etfnettly  pray  Tlial 
^  to  order  Writ  to  b» 
csnse  two  persont  tc  be 

loeneral  Assembly  5  m\ 
ever  pray. 

Uir  Names  in  the  Colomn 

Belong  to  &c. 

John  McDugaW 
Duncan  GJHcnst 
Pc'ttcv  GiUcvist 
Pt'ttor  McEaclicvcn 
Jumcs  Mount 
John  McDougall 


;^Uoa  Kiiing 

Whhk  Crice. 
Tlio«  McCrai* 
TliOfna"  Watson 
joo  Ne8l>«" 
Hngh  Martin 
j»iil' ■•  K»mage 
Alexr  Tright 
John  Gutirtf 
gimuel  QuUrey 
Oo»rg  Guttrey 
johnUW 
Willm  Pough 
John  KlrolHt 
Joaeph  MoNisb 
Birnett  Smith 
DtnitI  McNitt 
DiTid  McNltt 
Bobbt  Crighton 
Mttih  McGlAugbn 
John  Dnnlap 
Alexander  Mcmtt 
John  McCleary 
Jimei  Lytle 
Jimes  McNitt 
John  McNitt 
jimes  Gilraora 
John  Hearshe 
John  Navens ' 
Sftmuel  Crorttt 
John  Barnes 
David  Tomb 

William  Reid 

peter  Mown 

Robert  Stewart 

Archbald  Stewart 

John  Young 

ferter  Wood 


L«mr<l  Witl 
Alexander  Tunnr 
John  Lvon 
Mathu  McClnery 
Richard  McGloiy    ■ 
Dan)  Matison 
Wm  Iloy 
Andrew  McClory 
Joseph  McCrakea 

iamos  Savage 
.  OlBrk 
laucXjrtla 
John  BlcFailln 
R6bcrt  OhldWell 
Thomas  Armstrong 
John  Arnifttront; 
Robert,  ArnuArong 
James  Armstrong 
Dftftiel  McOleary 
Alexdr  McNHt 
Dftnl  McNitt 
David  Mc^Hi 
John  Clark 
John  On«el 
James  Hambleton 
Jolm  Moore 
Jamea  Voore 
Hugh  More 
Daniel  HiambletOB 
John  Martin 
Wm  Hamble 
James  Willson 
Hamilton  McGoUister 
Alexr  StewHi^ 
Edwtvd  Savage 
Edward  Long 
Moses  Martin 
James  Crosett 
Joshua  Oonkey 
Charles  Ilutchon 


teatnnel  imiMQ 

Robert  Houklna 

John  WllHama 

Will  Moffltt 

Thomas  Lyon 

Ronbert  Turner 

Will:  Miller 

James  Johnson 

James  Henderson 

Robert  hopkens    Jonr 

John  Duncan 

Samuel  Hopkina 

Alexr  Webster 

Ceorge  Mc  Knight  t 

iamcs  Craig 
;ichttrd  11^ 
Alexander  Simpaon 
John  Thompson 
Robert'CPetty 
Adam  Getty 
'Dhvid  Getty 
John  Getty 
Alexr  Dougal 
Alexander  QatAel  >t 

Samuel  Gamel 
Jitnat  Qamel  i 

John  Croighton  h 

William  Hamilton 

LOOATTOX  MOT  DHSIOXAnB. 

John  Peek 
David  Whedor 
Robert  Willson 
Josiah  Parish  ii 

John  Hamilton  , 

James  Wilson  '**''^ 

Solomon  Wade  ..j 

David  Hopkins  * 

DavklWUBon 


li 


JJiOii/vxie^l     Januay  25^  1775    Read  in  Council,  an^  fiv 
fecthei' CoiisLdoL«tf.oii  tlxtroaf  ]>3eti)raK)d 

a 


:t>*^ 


us, 


LORD  DARTMOUTH  TO  LT.  GOV.  COLDEN 


[Lond.  Doo.  XLIV.] 

Whitehall  Dec'  10»h  1774. 


Sir, 


I  have  received  your  letters  N*.  6  &  7  and  have  laid  them 
before  the  King,  together  with  the  Petition  &  affidavit  inclosed 
in  the  first  of  them,  relative  to  the  lawless  and  violent  proceed- 


I  \ 


li 


if 


&:*' 


m''  >. 


m 


J^90 


COMTROVKRST  BESPECTINO  THE 


-'►'<•■•'„'  I. 


*#«: 


f.'C'i 


5^1       J 


■•       i* 


rn 


ings  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Township  of  Bennington 
as  claim  lands  in  that  Township  under  Grants  from  New  Hamn' 
shire.  ^ 

The  circumstances  attending  those  Disturbances  are  very 
alarming  ;  and  if  it  he  true  that  those  parts  of  the  Province  are 
now  an  Asylum  for  Fugitives  from  every  other  part  of  America 
It  certainly  is  become  an  object  that  deserves  the  fullest  atten- 
tion. I  cannot  however  be  of  opinion  that  the  assistance  of  the 
King's  Troops  ought  to  be  called  for  until  every  other  effort  has 
been  tried  &  found  insufficient. 

Whenever  the  matter  comes  to  that  Issue  it  will  certainly  be 
Duty  of  the  King's  servants  to  advise  His  Majesty  to  strengthen 
the  hands  of  Government  by  an  application  of  a  Military  Force 
but  I  do  not  at  present  see  sufficient  ground  for  the  adoption  of 
such  a  Measure,  and  I  cannot  be  without  hopes  that,  when  the 
present  very  alarming  situation  of  the  King's  affairs  in  North 
America,  from  other  causes,  will  leave  our  hands  more  at  libeity 
S9me  means  may  be  found  to  accomodate  these  Disputes  without 
the  Risk  of  Bloodshed. 

I  trust  it  will  not  be  long  before  we  shall  find  sufficient  Leisure 
tor  such  a  consideration,  and  His  Mwjesty's  subjects  who  have 
claims  in  that  part  of  the  country  under  grants  from  New  York 
may  rest  assured  that  their  Pretensions  will  meet  with  every 
Countenance  and  support  that  can  be  shown  consistent  with 
Justice  :  for  I  can  with  truth  say  that  the  conduct  of  that 
Province  in  General,  &  more  especially  in  the  present  moment 
has  been  such  as  justly  intitles  its  well  disposed  and  peaceable 
Inhabitan'^s  to  His  Majesty's  particular  Favor  and  Indulgence : 
and  I  have  the  satistketion  to  assure  you  that  their  conduct  is 
seen  in  a  very  favorable  Light,  and  the  Wishes  they  luive  in 
general  expressed  that  all  violence  might  be  avoidtd,  &  the 
Sovereign  authority  of  the  Supreme  Legislature  might  be  sup- 
ported, are  graciously  considered  by  the  King  as  E\  idences  of 
their  Respect  &  Aircctlon  for  liis  Majesty,  &  of  the  just  sense 
they  entertain  of  tlie  Rights  of  tlie  British  Empire. 

I  am  &"=' 
'  '        ■  '  '         Dartmouth. 

Lieutenant  Gov' Golden.  -     r 


'.f- 


i      \ 


HE 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  OaAlTTS. 


^1 


aship  of  Eennington, 
its  from  New  Hamp- 

isturbances  are  very 
s  of  the  Province  are 
ther  part  of  America, 
ves  tlie  fullest  atten- 
t  the  assistance  of  the 
every  other  effort  has 

ue  it  will  certainly  be 
I  Majesty  to  strengthen 
on  of  a  Military  Force, 
ind  for  the  adoption  of 
it  hopes  that,  when  the 
King's  affairs  in  North 
or  hands  more  at  libeity , 
i  these  Disputes  without 

ill  find  sufficient  Leisure 
jty's  subjects  who  have 
grants  from  New  York, 
,  will  meet  with  every 
shown  consistent  with 
|at  the  conduct  of  that 
in  the  present  moment, 
disposed  and  peaceable 
Favor  and  Indulgence ; 
)U  that  their  conduct  is 
}\e  Wishes  they  have  in 
iight  be  avoided,  &  the 
legislature  might  be  sup- 
le  King  as  E\idences  of 
•sty,  &  of  the  just  sense 
|tish  Empire. 

'  ■      Dartmouth. 


OUTRAGE  COMMITTED  ON  THE  REV.  BENJAMIN  HOUGH 
BY  THE  BENNINGTON  MOB. 


9d 


??"i 


Tin 


<,(;-'*'' 


T«  the  Honourable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esquire  his 

Majesties  Lieutenant  Governor  of  the  province  of 

New  York  and  the  Territories  thereon  depending  in 

America  &C.  .    .-.    ,„,, 

In  Council 

The  Petition  of  Benjamin  Hough  one  of  his  Majesty's 
Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  County  of  Cliarlotte  in 
Behalf  of  himself  and  other  Magistrates  &  Inhabitants 
of  the  said  County  of  Charlotte,  and  the  County  of 
Albany.  <.„;.'.,  _     .  ^    ^  ^  „.,v.  ,.  ^\^    .__i,„„,,, 

Most  humbly  Sheweth 

That  with  great  Grief  of  Heart  your  Petitioner  finds  himself 
reduced  to  the  Necessity  of  renewing  his  complaints  against  a 
Confederacy  of  lawless  Rioters ;  known  by  the  Name  of  the 
Bennington  Mob,  who  by  a  series  of  the  most  daring  outrages, 
have  so  long  disturbed  the  Peace  and  abused  the  Magistrates 
and  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Charlotte,  and  the  Nortli  eastern 
District  of  the  County  of  Albany  with  Impunity. 

That  your  petitioner  in  vain  flattered  himself,  tliat  the  provi- 
gion  made  by  the  Legislature  at  the  last  Session,  for  preventing 
disorders,  so  disgraceful  to  Government,  would  have  checked 
their  Insolence,  and  contributed  to  the  Redress  aud  security  of 
the  peaceable  Inhabitants  :  But  such  is  the  Temper  of  those 
violent  men  hardened  by  a  Repetition  of  the  most  enormous 
offences,  that,  instead  of  being  awed  into  submission  or  forbear- 
ance, they  are  actually  proceeding  in  the  accomplishment  of  the 
iniquitous  Resolutions  which  they  long  since  formed  of  laying 
violent  Hands  on  all  who  will  not  involve  themselves  in  their 
Crimes,  plundering  them  of  their  property  and  expelling  them 
from  the  Country.     .  ...   r 

That  in  pursuance  of  this  ruinous  project  they  on  the  twenty 
sixth  day  of  January  last,  with  an  armed  Power  seized  and 
bound  your  Petitioner  j  violently  forced  him  from  his  residence, 
kept  him  in  close  confinement  for  several  days  j  tryed  him  before 


"m, 


CORtROVfiRflY  mtSPBCTiKO  THE 


■&I,, 


4'  f#'4    > 


•    ♦ 


a  mock  Tribunal ;  condemned  him  to  receive  two  hundred 
stripes  on  'hie  naked  Back;  carried  that  ignominious  sentenoe 
into  the  severest  execution  ;  and  then  banished  him  from  the 
Country  on  pain  of  receiving  five  lumdred  Lashes  in  case  he 
should  be  found  within  AVhat  they  assume  as  their  jurisdiction. 
V  That  although  they  had  thus  satiated  their  vengeance  upon 
your  petitioner  and  seen  him  bleeding  and  fainting  under  his 
wounds  J  and  tho'  tliey  had  dragged  liini  suddenly  from  his 
house  without  giving  him  Time  to  provide  liimself  for  a  journey 
or  to  settle  his  aflkirs,  th«y  would  not  suffer  him  to  return  to  his 
Ifamily  for  a  day  ;  but  insisted  that  he  should  go  forward  towards 
this  City  qI"  New  York,  or  Albany  ;  and  to  add  to  their  arrogance 
publickly  gave  him  a  Certificate ;  that  he  had  received  full 
punisliment  for  the  crime  with  wliich  they  had  charged  him  •  to 
which  Ethan  Allen  and  Seth  Warner,  two  of  their  principid 
Leaders,  did  not  hesitate  to  Subscribe  their  Names. 

That  the  modk  Court,  before  which  your  Petitioner  was  thus 
abused  consisted  of  the  following  persons  to  wit,  Ethan  Allen 
Seth  Warner,  Robert  Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  Jumes  Mead 
Gideon  Warren,  and  Jesse  Sawyer,  who  acted  in  the  double  office 
of  Accusers  and  Judges  ;  That  no  less  than  four  Other  peraons 
were  appointed  to  execute  their  sentence,  to  wit  Winthi-op  Hoyt 
of  Bennington,  Abel  Benedict  of  Arlington  John  Sawer,  & 

luiother  with  whose  Name  your  petitioner  is  unacquainted ;  and 
that  each  of  them  allernatly  whipped  your  petitioner  till,  the  full 
Number  of  two  hundred  stripes  were  inflicted,     "'i  >*' '   •  .•   • 
That  tho  only  provocation  which  they  pretended  for  thii 

'^bliCH)ACM>tl8  treatment  was  that  your  petitioner  Imd  complained  to 
€kjvemment  of  their  former  Misconduct  towards  the  Magistrates 

md  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Counties  ;  that  he  had  discouraged 
people  fpom  joining  them  in  their  unwarrantable  proceedihjs ; 
and  that  he  had  accepted  and  exercised  the  oflBce  of  a  magistrate 
tbr  the  said  county  of  Charlotte  contrary  to  their  Injunctions. 

That  the  said, Rioters  have  publickly  proclaimed  their  inten- 
tion to  treat  every  other  Inhabitant  who  will  not  unite  with  them 
In  their  flagitious  practices  with  the  same  severity. 

That  the  intolerable  Grievances  which  your  petitioner  and 
othiershave  sustained  and  the  Dangers  tliey  are  daily  exposed  to, 


re  two  hundred 
iiinious  sentenoe 
d  liim  from  the 
ashes  in  case  he 
leir  jurisdiction. 
-  vengeance  upon 
linting  under  his 
ttddenly  from  his 
iself  for  a  joui-ney 
im  to  return  to  his 
;o  tbrward  towards 
L  to  their  arrogance 
had  received  full 
.d  charged  him  ;  to 
,  of  their  principid 
ames.    '"-'^'J" 
>etitioner  was  thus 
wit,  Ethan  Allen, 
rland,  James  Mead, 
t  in  the  double  office 
tour  Ot\i«r  peraons 
wit  Winthi-op  Hoyt 
on  John  Sawer,  & 
unacquainted ;  and 
letltioner  till,  the  full 

pretended  foi  tbli 
n  Irtid  complained  to 
rards  the  Magistrates 
Ihe.  had  discouraged 
mtable  proceediujs ; 
|officeofamagistiat« 

their  Injunctions. 

^claimed  their  inten- 

m  not  unite  with  them 

[everity. 
your  petitioner  and 
are  daily  exposed  to, 


VXW  QAMTSHIRE.  GRANTS, 


'O') 


8fi!% 


(torn  the  said  Rioters,  are  more  fully  set,  forth  in  the.  several 
Depositions  of  your  petitioners  Dajoiel  Walker^nd  Sandy  Trueby- 
which  are  herewitli  presented  to  your  Hpuour,.  and  tp  which  to 
aFoid  prolixity  he  hegsleaye  to  refe!r,.g|,y  i,i^.  _',,,;  >, 

That  your  Petitioner  is  fiidly  perswaded  that;  unless;  some 
protection  is  provided  for  the  said  suffering  inhabitants,  they  wiU 
soon  be  cruelly  insulted  and  abused  in  their  peissons  ;  plundered 
of  their  property ;  and  driven  from  their  Habitatjious  in  ijhf 
utmost  wretchedness  and  distress. 

Your  Petitioner  therefore  in  behalf  of  himself  and  those  much 
iiyured  and  unhappy  people  once  more  implores  the  Interposition 
of  Government  for  their  preservation :  humbly  hoping  that  they 
will  not  be  suffered  thus  to  fall  victims  to  the  Fury  of  a  licentious 
and  ungovernable  Mob:  but  that  they  will -be  rescued  from  the 
ruin  which  hangs  over  them,  and  placed  in  that  state  of  security, 
for  which  in  a  British  Government  no  loyal  subject  ever  sued  im 
vain.    And  your  petitioner  as  in  duty  bound  shall  ever  pray  &o 

Benjamin  Hough. 
(Endorsed    1775,  March  Q^^"    Bead  in  Council.) 


■i'lM"  ,  ■■;■<  >:vi.    '-:>■.. 


AFFIDAVIT  IN  SUPPORT  OF  THE  PRECEDING  PETITION. 


am'' 


TRIAL  AVn  SEirrENCE    OF  RET.  BENJAMIN  HOUGH. 


City  of  New  York,  ss.  Benjamin  Hough  one  of  His  Majesty's 
justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Charlotte  being  duly 
Sworn  on  the  holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God,  deposeth  & 
saith,  that  on  or  about  the  twenty  Six  day  of  January  last  past 
about  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning,  this  Deponent  being  at  some' 
distance  from  His  Dwelling  House,  but  in  view  thereof  observed 
three  persons  Stop  at  his  door  and  enter  his  Said  House,  this 
Deponent's  whole. Family  (except  a  child  of  about  Six  years 
of  age)  being  absent ;  that  immediately  thereupon,  this  Depo- 
nent was  attacked  by  about  thirty  persons  a  Number  of  whom 
were  armed  with  Firelocks  Swords  and  Hatchets  :  Thafc  upon 
their  approach  this  Deponent  attempted  to  get  into  his  House  to 
Socure  his  arms  and  Stand  upon  his  Defence  but  that  this  Depo 


,  ■*■    •■/l.1l>''l} 

■'W 

#'^ 

Mii 

Wm 

•  ■  *  ? 

■'*'! 

■ 

:5   t 


■  r 


894 


CONTROVERSY    RE8PCCTIM0  THE 


i;ri 


h'"i'!  .'J 


i 


♦'      » 


B»    ,  ;      * 


':'!  I,  ■■  ■ 


'  J 


■•< 


*:^^  .--i. 


nent  observing  that  Winthorp  Hoyt  of  Bennington  one  of  the 
three  persons  this  Deponent  had  observed  going  into  his  Hou^e 
Stood  at  the  Tlireshold  of  tliis  Deponents  Door,  with  thig 
Deponents  Sword  and  pistol  in  His  Hands ;  he  this  Deponent 
found  it  would  be  to  no  purpose  either  to  attempt  to  escape  or 
to  make  Resistance.  That  thereupon  Peleg  Sunderland  of  the 
said  County  of  Charlotte,  came  up  to  tliis  Deponent  with  a 
Hatchet  in  his  Hand  and  slapping  this  Deponent  on  the  Shoulder 
told  him  he  was  his  prisoner.  That  he  the  said  Peleg  Sunder- 
land and  the  other  persons  who  were  with  him  forced  this 
Deponent  into  a  Sleigh  and  carried  liim  about  fifty  Miles  to  the 
Southward  of  this  Deponents  place  of  Residence,  to  a  place  by 
them  called  Sunderland,  where  they  kept  this  Deponent  until 
the  thirtieth  of  the  said  Month  of  January  in  close  confinement 
part  of  the  Time  bound,  and  always  under  a  strong  Guard  with 
drawn  Swords.  That  Sylvanus  Brown,  James  Meed,  Samuel 
Campbell,  one  Devinels,  one  Powers,  Stephen  Meed  one  Cooly 
and  one  Lymen  were  among  the  persons  who  so  Seized  and 
detained  this  Deponent  and  with  Respect  to  the  Hest  of  them 
they  were  either  Strangers  to  this  Deponent,  or  he  cannot 
recollect  their  Names  at  present.  That  while  they  had  the 
Deponent  so  in  Custody  at  Sunderland,  some  of  the  said  Rioters 
informed  this  Deponent,  that  he  could  not  have  his  Trial  till  the 
Monday  following  because  tliey  InlendecJ  to  send  for  Ethan  Allen 
and  Seth  Warner  who  were  then  at  Bennington  and  who  are  two 
of  the  principal  Ringleaders  of  the  Bennington  Mob.  That  on 
tlie  said  tliirtieth  Day  of  January,  the  said  Rioters  appointed  a 
Court  for  the  Trial  of  this  Deponent  which  consisted  of  the 
following  persons  (to  wit)  the  said  Ethan  Allen,  Seth  Warner, 
Robert  Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  James  Meed,  Gideon  Warren 
and  Jesse  Sawyer,  and  tliey  being  seated  ordered  this  Deponent 
to  be  brought  before  th.em  :  That  he  was  accordingly  brought 
before  them  as  a  prisoner — guarded  by  persons  with  drawn 
Swords.  That  thereupon  the  said  Ethan  Allen  laid  the  three 
following  Accusations  to  the  charge  of  this  Deponent  (to  wit) 
1»*  That  this  Deponent  had  complained  to  the  Government  of 
New  York  of  their  [the  Rietors]  mobiug  and  injuring  Benjamin 
Spencer  Esq'  and  other  persons.    2*"y  That  the  Deponent,  had 


\  I 


i^M'' 


H 


gton  one  of  the 
g  into  his  Houpe 
Door,  with  thig 
ke  this  Deponent 
nipt  to  escape  or 
underland  of  the 
Deponent  with  a 
it  on  the  Shoulder 
id  Peleg  Siinder- 
him  forced  this 
t  fifty  Miles  to  the 
ince,  to  a  place  by 
lis  Depcnent  until 
close  confinement 
strong  Guard  with 
nes  Meed,  Samuel 
n  Meed  one  Cooly 
;vho  so  Seized  and 
>  the  Uest  of  them 
lent,  or  he  cannot 
vhile  they  had  the 
,  of  the  said  Rioters 
ive  his  Trial  till  the 
end  for  Ethan  Allen 
on  and  who  are  two 
^tonMob.    Tliaton 
jUioters  appointed  a 
tch  consisted  of  the 
Allen,  Seth  Warner, 
:eed,  Gideon  Warren 
lered  this  Deponent 
accordingly  brought 
Ipersons  with  drawn 
Allen  laid  the  three 
[s  Deponent  (to  wit) 
the  Government  of 
id  injuring  Benjamin 
,t  the  Deponent,  had 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  OBANTS. 


m 


dissuaded  and  discouraged  the  people  from  joining  the  Mob  in 
their  proceedings  and  3<J'y  That  the  Deponent  had  taken  a  com- 
mission of  the  peace  under  the  Government  of  New  York,  and 
exercised  his  office  as  a  Magistrate  for  the  County  of  Charlotte, 
alledglng  that  this  Deponent  well  knew  that  they  (tlie  Mob)  did 
not  allow  of  any  Magistrate  there.    That  after  the  said  accusa- 
tions were  so  made  tlie  said  Ethan  Allen  told  the  Deponent  that 
he  was  at  Liberty  to  plead  for  himself,  if  he  had  anything  to  say 
Xhat  this  Deponent  then  demanded  of  him  the  said  Ethan  Alleil 
and  the  rest  of  the  pretended  Judges  whether  he  (this  Deponent) 
had  ever  done  Injustice  to  any  Man  in  the  Execution  of  his 
Office  as  Magistrate  1    To  which  they  answered  that  they  could 
not  charge  him  with  any  Injustice  in  the  execution  of  his  Office, 
nor  had  they  any  complaint  of  that  kind  to  make  against  him  ; 
the  said  Seth  Warner  in  particular  declaring  that  they  would  as 
willingly  have  him  for  a  Magistrate  as  any  Man  whatever,  but 
that  they  would  not  under  their  present  circumstances  suifer  any 
Magistrate  at  all.    That  the  Deponent  then  asked  the  said 
pretended  Judges  whether  they  could  accuse  this  Deponent  of 
busying  himself  or  intermedling  with  Respect  to  Titles  of  Lands'? 
To  which  the  said  Ethan  Allen  answered ;  in  the  Negative  and 
that  they  had  not  heard,  nor  did  they  pretend  to  charge  him  with 
any  thing  of  that  kind.    That  the  Deponent  then  added  that 
with  respect  to  their  three  charges  against  him,  that  he  admitted 
them  to  be  true.    That  he  had  made  such  complaint  to  the 
Government  of  New  York  of  the  proceedings  of  the  said  Riotors 
against  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  and  others.    That  he  had  used 
his  Endeavours  to  dissuade  people  from  joining  the  said  Riotors 
in  their  proceeding,  and  that  he  had  accepted  a  Commission  from 
the  said  Grovernment  for  and  exercised  the  office  of  a  Magistrate 
for  the  said  County  of  Charlotte,  and  that  all  this  he  had  a  good 
Right  to  do  and  looked  upon  as  his  duty.    That  after  some 
farther  argumentation  the  said  pretended  Judges  witlidrew  to 
another  House  to  consider  of  their  Judgment  and  in  about  two 
or  three  Hours  returned  to  the  door  of  the  House,  where  the 
Deponent  remained,  and  ordered  him  to  be  brought  out  near  a 
Tree,  where  the  said  pretended  Judges  placed  themselves  encir- 
cled by  a  Number  of  armed  Men,  into  the  Midst  of  which  Circle 


M 


's 

:| 

H 

•  ■  J 

:■! 

,  > 

.  I^' 

[■ 

1 

f 

• 

V 

? 

i 

•H 


"i 


i 


'ii-i' 


k1 


,)    '^^ 


>'  fr 


I*- 
I  <> 


i  ' « 


'hi    ' 


!■:.•': 


**- 


4     • 


1    .1      4    "  Ji 


\4* 


.i'l' 


s 

If,  y(«,' 


tl^l 


«^ 


^> 


»•'*., 


&&6 


OOMTBOYKdSY  BSaPBOTIMQ  THE 


^is  Deponent  was  conducted  as  a  prisoner  by  four  men  with 
4^awn  Swords,  and  that  thereupon  the  said  Ethan  Allen  who  all 
along  acted  as  the  chief  or  principal  judge  pronounced  the  follow- 
ing sentence  against  this  Deponent,  which  he  read  from  a  paper 
w\iich  he  held  in  his  hand  to  wit,  That  they  had  erected  a  combi- 
nation  of  judicious  men  for  his  Trial  and  had  accused  him  in  the 
Manner  before  mentioned  (repeating  the  accusation)  That  the 
Deponent  had  pleaded  Self  Justification  which  they  (the  said 
pretended  Judges)  had  found  insufficient  to  excuse  him  from 
punisliraent,and  that  therefore  their  Judgment  was  that  the  Depo- 
nent  should  be  tyed  up  to  a  Tree  and  receive  two  hundred  lashes 
on  tlie  naked  Back,  and  then  as  soon  as  he  sliould  be  able  should 
depart  the  New  Hampshire  Cfrants  and  not  return  again  upon 
pain  of  receiving  five  hundred  Lashes.  That  upon  some  persons 
observing  that  he  this  Deponent  ought  not  to  be  suffered  to 
return  while  Matters  remained  in  their  present  condition,  the  said 
Allen  added  no,  not  'till  his  Majesty's  pleasure  shall  be  kDown 
in  the  premises.  That  thereupon  this  Deponent  immediatelr 
had  his  Clothes  taken  off  and  he  was  stripped  to  the  skin,  and 
four  persons  being  by  the  said  pretended  Court  appointed  to 
carry  the  said  sentence  into  Si^ecutiou  this  Deponent  accordinglj 
received  the  two  hundred  Lashes  on  his  naked  Back  with  whips 
qf  cords ;  which  Lashes  were  inflicted  by  each  of  the  said 
Executioners  giving  the  Deponent  alternately  a  Number  of 
Lashes,  tho'  at  the  close  he  thinks  he  received  from  each  of  them 
t^n-  That  the  said  Robert  Cochran  who  declared  himself  to  be 
Adjutant  of  the  Rioters  stood  during  the  whole  scene  near  this 
Deponent  and  frequently  urged  the  said  Executioners  to  lay  on 
their  Blows  well  and  to  strike  harder  and  particularly  repeated 
such  Directions  with  respect  to  the  last  ten  inflicted  by  each 
of  the  said  Executioners.  That  it  was  often  mentioned  by 
some  of  tlie  Rioters,  that  if  any  of  this  Deponents  Friends 
should  intercede  or  in  any  Marnier  favour  him  they  should  share 
the  same  Fate.  That  the  aforesaid  Winthorp  Hoyt  of  Benning- 
ton who  professed  hims-'*ir  *o  be  Dura  Major  Abel  Benedict  of 
Arlington  and  John  Sawyer  and  a  person  whose  Name  this  Depo- 
nent could  not  learn  were  the  four  persons  who  so  whipped  this 
Dfi|H>nent.    That  this  Deponent  was  very  much  wounded  and 


A 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  ORAMTS. 


O 


897 


bled  considerably  by  the  said  abuse ;  And  the  Deponent  being 
very  foint  was  put  into  the  care  of  one  Doctor  Washburn  who 
conducted  him  into  a  House.  That  the  Deponent  declared  to  the 
Rioters,  that  it  was  a  great  Hardsliip,  tliat  he  was  not  suffered 
to  take  care  of  liis  Interest  &  Child  wlio  was  left  without  Father 
or  Motlier  ;  the  deponent's  wife  being  absent  on  a  distant  visit 
to  her  parents.  That  the  Rioters  notwithstanding  insisted  that 
the  sentence  should  be  put  in  Execution  and  the  Deponent  leave 
the  Country  accordingly.  And  the  Deponent  further  suith  that 
after  he  had  been  so  abused  the  said  Ethan  Allen  delivered  him 
a  paper  in  writing  signed  by  him  and  Seth  Warner  in  the  words 
and  figures  following  to  wit,        ;>   ,5,.-v    ..,.;      '-,,.,;  .».f^^ 

'<  Sunderland  January  the  30th  Day  A  D  1775,  This  may  certify  the  Inhabi- 
"  tants  of  the  New  Hampeliire  Grants  that  Benjamin  Hough  hath  this  Day  rec'd  a 
"  full  punishment  for  his  crimes  committed  heretofore  against  this  Country  and 
"  our  Inhabitants,  are  ordered  to  give  him  the  sd  Huff  free  and  unmolested  Pasporl 
"toward  the  City  of  New  York  or  to  the  Westward  of  our  Grants  he  behaving 
"asbecouicth  Given  under  our  Hands  the  Day  and  Date  aforesaid. 

"  Ethan  Allen 
"  Seth  Wabnbe" 

And  he  this  Deponent  having  recovered  his  strength  the  next 
Day  proceeded  on  Foot  on  his  Journey  towards  the  City  of  New 
York.  That  while  this  Deponent  was  in  custody  of  the  said 
Rioters  he  heard  the  said  Ethan  Allen  say,  that  ho  expected  they 
should  be  obliged  to  drive  otf  all  the  Durhamites  (meaning  the 
Inhabitants  of  the  Town  of  Durham  in  the  County  of  Charlotte.) 
That  this  Deponent  frequently  heard  the  said  Rioters  Declare 
that  tliey  would  have  little  Walker  (meaning  Daniel  Walker) 
and  Thomas  Bracton  (the  Constable  that  served  under  this  Depo- 
nent) if  they  could  be  found  above  Ground  and  that  tliey  further 
threatened  tliat  they  would  for  the  future  be  more  severe 
with  the  damned  Yorkers  (meaning  persons  who  would  not  join 
ffiti\  them  in  their  riotous  proceedings)  and  would  whip  them 
within  an  Inch  of  their  Lives.  That  for  the  future  tliey  would 
not  be  at  the  trouble  and  expence  of  giving  them  a  Trial ;  but 
that  tlie  persons  who  met  witli  should  punish  them  immediately. 
That  tliis  Deponent  while  he  was  so  confined  heard  the  said 
Rioters  further  declare,  that  they  were  sorry  that  they  had 
not  inflicted  upon  Doctor  Adams  (who  lived  in  Arlington  and 

Vol.  IV.  67 


I 


OOMTKOTEHSY  RESPECriNO  THE 


1  ^'  ' . 


*    ,<'    '      )!■*    .«.♦ 


IF' 


•  .   ;♦ 


^4?  •  t  ■' 


'•, 


'    V  Vi 


,  V. 

'I'.'.'t' 


against  whom  they  had  taken  offence)  five  hundred  lashes  instead 
of  lioisting  him  up  &  exposing  him  upon  Landlord  Fay's  Sitru 
post,  where  was  fixed  a  dead  Catamount.     That  this  Deponent 
also  heard  the  said  Ethan  Allen  declare  in  tlie  said  Mob  that  lie 
expected  shortly  to  have  a  fight  with  the  damned  Yorkers  for 
that  they  would  hear  how  the  Mob  had  abused  their  Magistrates 
but  that  he  believed  them  to  be  damned  Cowards  or  tiiat  they 
would  have  come  out  against  them  long  before.    Tliat  this  De- 
ponent on  his  way  to  New  York  called  at  the  house  of  Bliss 
WiUoughby  and  Ebenezer  Cole  Esq'  two  of  his  Majesties  Justices 
of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Albany  residing  near  Bennin<»ton. 
That  he  found  them  armed  in  great  Distress  and  Danger  and 
having  people  in  their  Houses  ready  to  take  arms  in  their  De- 
fence in  Case  they  should  be  attacked  by  the  Rioters,  which  as 
they  assured  this  Deponent  they  hourly  expected.      That  this 
Deponent  on  his  way  to  New  York  also  called  at  Pownal  Towi 
part  of  which  lies  within  the  Manor  of  Renselaerwyck  as  this 
Deponent  has  been  informed  by  tlie  Inhabitants  of  the  said 
Town  I  who  were]  in  great  Commotion  and  uneasiness  on  account 
of  the  said  Rioters.    That  he  understood  from  some  of  the  said 
Inhabitants,  that  they  had  agreed  to  take  leases  for  their  posses- 
sion under  the  proprietor  of  the  said  Manor,  but  tliat  they  dared 
not  for  fear  of  the  said  Rioters  who  had  tlireatned  them  severely 
and  one  of  the  said  Inhabitants  in  particular  told  this  Deponent 
that  he  had  taken  a  Lease  for  his  Farm  of  the  said  proprietor  but 
should  on  that  account  be  obliged  to  give  it  up.    That  when 
this  Deponent  left  the  said  Pownal  Town  he  met  George  Gardiner 
Esq'  of  Pownal  Town  aforesaid  also  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices 
of  the  peace  for  the  said  County  of  Albany  who  told  the  Depo- 
nent that  the  State  of  the  said  Town  was  very  dangerous  and 
difiicult,  that  he  expected  every  day  to  be  prevented  by  the 
Rioters  from  exercising  Ids  office     Tliat  he  was  apprehensive  that 
unless  Government  should  give  them  some  protection  many  of 
the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Town  would  join  tlie  said  Rioters  and 
earnestly  entreated  this  Deponent  to  exert  his  utmost  endeavours 
to  procure  such  protection.     That  this  Deponent  on  his  way  to 
New  York  conversed  with  James  Clark  who  was  in  his  employ 
and  who  informed  tliis  deponent  (and  whicli  Deponent  verily 


KEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


899 


believes  to  be  true)  that  since  this  Deponent  was  so  seized  by 
(be  said  Mob  Jolin  Lord,  Joseph  Randel  &  Clarlc  three  of 

this  Deponents  Neighbours  had  been  very  much  abused  and 
iasiilted  by  the  said  Mob,  and  that  the  said  John  Lord  was  turned 
out  of  liis  possession  and  obliged  to  fly  tlie  Country  And  the 
Deponent  further  says  that  the  said  Mob  robbed  liim  of  his  arms 
to  wit,  a  Hanger  and  pistol  which  he  has  not  been  able  since  to 
procure.  And  the  Deponent  farther  saith  that  he  has  frequent- 
ly been  informed  and  verily  believes  it  to  be  true  that  the  said 
Bioters  have  a  design  to  put  an  End  to  Law  and  Justice  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  and  tliat  they  went  so  farr  as  to  appoint 
«Day  upon  which  to  make  the  Attempt :  but  it  did  not  then 
take  place  and  further  the  Deponent  Saith  not.    '  ,  * : ,   ;    j,  •     , ;  f 

Benjamin  Hough. 
Sworn  tliis  Seventh  day  of  March 

MDCCLXXV.    Before  me  ,    ^^ 

Danll  Horsmanden. 


;  I 

1  ", 


,C-f 


City  of  New  York  ss  :  Sandy  Truebv  of  Fairfield  in  the 
Colony  of  Connecticut  Farmer  of  full  age  being  sworn  deposeth 
and  Saith.  that  about  the  latter  end  of  January  last  he  saw 
Benjamin  Hough  ot  the  County  of  Charlotte  Esq'  at  the  House 
of  Michael  Veel  at  a  place  called  Danby  in  the  said  County. 
That  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  was  then  a  prisoner  and  guarded 
by  a  number  of  Aen,  of  whom  Peleg  Sunderland  (who  is  called 
one  of  the  Captains  of  the  Mob)  appeared  to  have  the  command. 
That  the  Deponent  there  saw  one  of  the  Mob  strike  the  said 
Benjamin  Hough  on  his  Head  once  or  twice  with  a  sheathed 
Cutlass  upon  which  the  Deponent  who  was  a  stranger  to  the  said 
Mob  as  well  as  to  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  from  Motives  of 
Hi)maDity  interfered  and  entreated  them  not  to  use  him  in  that 
Manner  And  the  Deponent  further  saith  that  he  afterwards  saw 
the  said  Benjamin  Hough  at  the  Honse  of  Justus  Sherwood  at 
Sunderland  in  the  said  County,  where  he  was  also  kept  in  close 
custody  by  the  said  Rioters.  That  this  Deponent  was  informed 
by  several  of  the  Rioters  that  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  had 
been  tryed  found  guilty  and  condemned  to  receive  two  hundred 


900 


COMTBOYKRSY  BE8PECTIN0  THK 


T  .  •        .i     .      •  i 


f^'*] 


it  »" 


It*''!  ■  'J-      •  ,  ^        '-#.,*-' 


lit    '■! 


,*'      * 


?•»' 


!  r 


>  «    ; 


l'U-i;..f 


(  f'.^ 


Lashes*  and  that  tliey  had  accordingly  laid  them  on  well :  bat 
tliis  Deponent  was  not  present  at  eitlier  of  the  said  Transactioni 
That  John  Sawyer  of  Ariington  informed  this  Deponent  that  lie 
had  given  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  fifty  of  the  said  .^aslies  well 


laid  on,  and  further  saith  not. 

■  .■--^'  i  ■' 
Sworn  this  Seventh  Day  of  March       ,   , 

MDCCLXXV.    Before  me 

-  '  Danl  Horsmanden. 


Sakdy  Trueby. 


City  of  New  York  ss  :  Daniel  Walker  of  the  Townsliip  of 
Durham  in  the  County  of  Charlotte  Farmer  being  duly  sworn 
on  the  holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God  deposeth  and  Saith 
that  he  is  an  Inhabitant  of  a  Tract  of  Land  called  Durham  which 
was  originally  settled  by  people  from  Rhode  Island  under  the 
claim  of  John  Henry  Lidius  and  afterwards  granted  to  the  said 
settlers*  under  the  great  Seal  of  tlie  province  of  New  York. 
That  he  this  Deponent  was  present  when  Ethan  Allen,  Seth 
Warner,  Robert  Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  Remember  Baker 
and  others  of  the  Bennington  Rioters  held  a  pretended  Court 
for  the  Trial  c.f  Benjamin  Spencer  Esq'  one  of  liis  Majesty's 
Justices  of  the  peace  for  tlie  said  County  of  Charlotte,  and  saw 
the  said  Rioters  in  part  pull  down  demolish  and  burn  the  dwell- 
ing honse  of  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer.  That  the  next  day 
this  Deponent  passing  by  the  dwelling  liouse  of  Simpson  Jennings 
then  Coroner  of  the  said  County  ;  the  said  Robert  Cochran  being 
in  Company  with  the  said  Remember  Baker  ordered  this  depo- 
nent  to  remove  the  Cribs  of  Corn  which  were  near  the  dwell- 
ing house  of  the  said  Simpson  Jennings  adding  we  well  send  our 
Boys  immediately  to  set  tlie  house  in  flames,  Tliat  the  Deponent 
did  not  think  proper  to  comply  witli  the  orders  of  tlie  said 
Robert  Cochran  ;  but  went  to  his  own  house,  from  whence  he 
saw  the  house  of  the  said  Simpson  Jennings  in  flames  which  re- 
duced it  to  ashes.  And  this  Deponent  furtiier  says,  that  he  lias 
always  acted  orderly  and  peaceably  towards  Government  and 
inoffensively  towards  his  Neighbours.  That  he  hath  neverthe- 
less incurred  the  Resentment  of  the  said   Mob  who  have  from 


NEW  HAMP8HIHF  GRAMTS. 


•01 


em  on  well :  but 
said  Transactions. 
Deponent  that  he 
le  said  Trashes  well 

Sasdy  Trukby. 


of  the  Township  of 
r  being  duly  sworn 
deposeth  and  Saith 
ailed  Durhamwhich 
de  Island  under  the 
s  granted  to  the  said 
vince  of  New  York. 
■n  Etiian  Allen,  Seth 
nd,  Remember  Baker 
d  a  pretended  Court 
one  of  his  Majesty's 
of  Charlotte,  and  saw 
\\  and  burn  the  dwell- 
That  the  next  day 
;e.  of  Simpson  Jennings 
Rubert  Cochran  being 
;er  ordered  this  depo- 
were  near  the  dwell- 
iding  we  well  send  our 
es,  That  the  Deponent 
lie  orders  of  the  said 
lOUse,  from  whence  he 
jgs  in  flames  which  re- 
iirther  says,  that  he  has 
ards  Government  and 
hat  he  hatii  neverthe- 
Mob  who  have  from 


time  to  time  threatned  to  abuse  him  and  turn  him  out  ot  losae*. 
slon  of  his  Land.    And  as  this  Deponent  lias  been  inl    oied  and 
verily  believes  to  be  true  they  have  also  frequently  tin.  itned  to 
burn  his  house  over  his  Head.    And  this  Deponent  salth  that 
lie  was  under  continual  apprehensions  of  great  danger  to  his 
person  &  property  by  Reason  of  the  said  threats  and  violent 
proceedings  of  the  said  Rioters  and  thought  it  necessary  for  his 
own  preservation  (as  in  fact  ho  hath  done)  to  keep  Fire  Arras 
loaded  in  his  dwelling  house  that  he  might  be  ready  to  stand  on 
his  defence  whenever  he  should  be  attacked.    And  the  deponent 
further  saith  that  being  informed  that  Benjamin  Hough  Esqf  one 
of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  said  County  ol 
Charlotte  was*  seized  and  carried  oflF  by  the  sai(J  Bennington 
Rioters  this  Deponent  and  some  other  persons  made  preparations 
to  rescue  him,  but  found  it  was  too  late.    That  a  few  days  after- 
wards this  deponent  being  on  a  visit  to  Pownal  Town  met  wltji 
the  said  Benjamin  Hougli  after  he  had  been  abused  beaten  and 
get  at  Liberty  by  the  said  Rioters.    Tlmt  the  said  Benjamin 
Hough  shewed  him  his  naked  back  which  was  then  sore  and 
appeared  to  have  been  much  cut  &  wounded  and  the  waistcoat 
which  he  then  wore  was  stiff'  with  Blood.    That  the  B^onent 
on  his  said  Journey  to  pownal  was  informed  that  a  message  had 
been  left  for  him  by  one  of  his  Neighbours,  that  the  Mob  had 
gworn  that  they  would  have  him  if  he  was  above  Ground.  That 
this  Deponent  shortly  afterwards  received  a  letter  from  his  Wife, 
informing  him  that  if  he  would  make  an  acknowledgment  to 
the  Mob  and  join  them  in  their  proceedings  or  contribute  to- 
wards their  support^  it  might  be  safe  for  him  to  return  to  his 
house,  if  not,  it  would  be  best  for  him  to  keep  away.    That  this 
Deponent  not  being  able  to  reconcile  to  his  conscience  the  terms 
imposed  on  him  by  the  said  Rioters,  and  being  at  the  same  time 
apprehensive  of  real  danger  from  the  said  Mob  to  his  person  in 
case  he  should  return,  is  from  motives  of  self  preservation 
obliged  to  quit  his  Habitation  and  Family  and  is  well  persuaded 
that  he  cannot  with  any  Degree  of  safety  return  Home  without 
Danger  from  the  said  Rioters.    That  this  Deponent  on  his  way 
to  New  York  called  at  the  House  of  Bliss  Willoughby  Esq'^one 
of  bis  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  County  of  Albany 


I  > 


'if 
;  1, 


'•^ 


if' 


■■.»   ;.s>» 
if''  ■ 


902 


COMTIOTBRIT  KKSraCTIlfO  TBK 


t'  i 


^%'      - 


V, 


i.;'%''ii 


'      » 


residing  near  Bennington.    That  lie  found  him  armed  in  mtx 

distress  &  danger  and  having  people  in  his  House  ready  to  take 

arms  In  his  Defence  in  Case  he  should  be  attacked  by  the  Kioters 

which  he  assured  this  Deponent  he  hourly  expected.    And 

further  this  deponent  saith  not. 

Daniel  Walker  Junr 
Sworn  before  me  this  7^>>  Day  of 

March  MDCCLXXV. 

DaNL  HORSMANDEN 


City  of  New  York  ss:    Benjami     Hough  of  the  County  of 
Charlotte  Esquire  and  Daniel  Walker  of  same  County  Farmer 
being  duly  sworn,  depose  and  say,  that  among  other  Di8tre8,se8 
which  the  Inhabitants  of  Durliam  and  others  in  the  said  County 
well  afifectcd  to  Government  labour  under,  it  is  a  general!  ccn- 
plaint  (which  these  Deponents  have  frequently  heard  and  verily 
believe  to  be  true)  that  they  cannot  have  the  Benefit  of  the  Law 
or  by  any  Means  recover  the  just  Debts  owing  to  tliem  by  the 
Rioters,  or  any  of  their  party;  while  the  Sheriff  of  the  County 
of  Charlotte  or  his  officers  are  permitted  and  encouraged  hy  the 
Mob  to  serve  processes  jupon  all  who  are  friends  to  Government 
And  these  Deponents  have  also  understood,  and  verily  believe 
that  neither  the  said  Sheriff  or  his  Officers  dare  to  venture  within 
the  District,  where  the  Rioters  live,  without  express  leave  from 
the  Leaders  of  the  Mob.    That  these  Deponents  have  heard  it 
frequently  mentioned  in  conversation  and  verily  believe  it  to  be 
true,  that  about  a  twelve  montli  since,  one  of  the  SherifTs  Depu- 
tiep,  wliose  Name  these  Deponents  think  was  Hide  was  escorted 
by  Robert  Cochran  one  of  the  principal  Leaders  of  tlie  Rioters 
(who  was  armed  with  a  sword  and  pistols)  in  order  to  assist  tlie 
eaid  Officer  in  serving  Writts  on  several  persons,  esteemed  by 
the  Rioters  Friends  to  Government,  w  hich  as  these  Deponents 
understood  and  verily  believe  were  served  accordingly.    And 
these  Deponents  further  say  that  they  have  repeatedly  heard 
several  of  their  Neighbors  in  and  about  Durham  declare  that  tliej 
had  obtained  processes  out  of  the  Inferiour  Court  of  Common 
j;)leas  for  the  said  County  for  just  Debts  due  to  them  from  people  i 


^\m  armed  In  gnai 
[ouse  ready  to  take 
eked  by  the  Kloters 
y  expected.     And 

tL  Walker  Jun^ 


WtW  HAimniMB  OKAMTl.  K' 


903 


of  the  party  of  the  said  Rioters,  but  that  they  never  were  abla 
to  get  any  of  them  executed  and  further  these  Deponents  saj 


not. 


Sworn  before  me  this  eighteenth 
Day  ol  Marcli  MDCCLXXV 

DaML  HorSM AMDBir. 


Benjamin  Hough 
Damiel  WALxsa 


HI  of  the  County  of 
same  County  Farmer 
nong  other  Distresses 
ers  in  the  said  County 
it  is  a  generall  com- 
ently  heard  and  verily 
the  Benefit  of  the  Law, 
owing  to  them  by  the 
Sheriff  of  the  County 
and  encouraged  by  the 
friends  to  Government 
[ood,  and  verily  believe 
dare  to  venture  within 
out  express  leave  from 
leponents  have  heard  it 
id  verily  believe  it  to  be 
ne  of  the  Sheriffs  Depu- 
was  Hide  was  escorted 
Leaders  of  the  Rioters 
L)  in  order  to  assist  the 
•rtl  persons,  esteemed  by 
liich  as  these  Deponents 
,rved  accordingly.    And 
have  repeatedly  heard 
jurham  declare  that  they 
feriour  Court  of  Common 
due  to  them  from  people 


INFORMATION  RECEIVED  OF  A  RIOT  IN  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

In  Council  March  21«t  1775. 
His  Honor  the  Lieutenant  Governor  informed  the  Council, 
that  he  had  called  them  together  in  Consequence  of  his  having 
received  Information  of  some  Violent  Outrages  and  Disorders 
which  have  lately  happened  in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  that 
he  had  requested  Coli  Wells  and  Crcan  Brush  Esq'  the  Repre- 
sentatives of  the  said  County  to  attend  wi"'.!  the  Persons  who  are 
said  to  have  brought  the  Intelligence.  Tue  said  Coll  Wells  and 
M'  Brush  with  the  two  Persons  who  came  Express  attending 
accordingly  were  called  in,  and  being  desired  to  give  a  Kelation 
of  what  had  happened.  M""  Brush  informed  his  Honor  and  the 
Board  that  on  Monday  the  13*''  day  of  this  Inst,  about  eighty  Per- 
sons assembled  and  took  Possession  of  the  Court  House  in  West- 
minster in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  in  order  to  prevent  the 
opening  and  holding  of  the  Courts  of  Common  Pleas  and  General 
Sessions  of  the  Peace  which  were  to  come  on  the  Ensuing  Day: 
That  they  were  in  Part  Armed  and  it  was  then  said  that  others 
were  gathering  and  arming  to  join  them.  That  the  Sherif  and 
Magistrates  Assembled  and  sent  several  Messages  to  the  Rioters 
desiring  and  warning  them  to  leave  the  Court  House,  that  they 
repeatedly  refused  and  violently  drove  from  the  Door  the  said 
Messengers.  That  the  Sherif  and  Magistrates  then  went  to  the 
Court  House  and  by  Public  Proclamation  required  the  Mob  to 
depart,  and  upon  their  refusal  the  Magistrates  ordered  three 
Guns  to  be  fired  into  the  Room  but  above  the  Door  and  in  such 


804 


CONTROTERST  &ESPECTIVO  THE 


i?-^! 
H'\ 


» *^ 


'4       ! 


[?5i  «■' 


ixl 


a  manner  as  not  to  injure  their  PersonS)  That  thereupon  the 
Mob  returned  the  Fire  upon  the  Magistrates  and  their  Assistants 
and  wounded  M^  Justice  Butterfleld,  when  the  Magistrates  fired 
upon  the  said  Mob  and  a  Violent  affray  ensued,  in  wliich  one  of 
the  Rioters  was  killed  and  nine  wounded,  That  on  the  next  day 
the  Justices  opened  the  said  Court  and  were  proceeding  to  Busi- 
ness wlien  a  number  of  Persons  partly  of  the  said  County  and 
partly  from  the  Provinces  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  New 
Hampshire  assembled,  Surrounded  the  Court  House  and  made 
the  Judges  Sheriff'  Clerk  of  the  said  Court  and  several  otlier  Per- 
sons their  Prisoners,  and  have  Confined  tliem  in  the  County 
Goal,  That  one  Cockran  who  is  a  notorious  Ringleader  of  tlie 
Riots  at  Bennington,  was  a  principal  in  this  Mob,  and  that  the 
Rioters  have  threatned  to  try  by  tlieir  own  Authority  the  Magis- 
trates and  others  whom  they  have  taken  Prisoners  for  the  Mas- 
sacry,  as  they  Terra  it,  .which  they  have  committed — And  thn 
said  Coll  Wells,  M""  Brush  and  the  Expresses  being  withdrawn: 
His  Honor  required  the  advice  of  the  Council  in  tliis  Emer- 
gency. 

Tlie  Council  humbly  advise  that  the  two  Persons  who  came 
Express  do  severally  put  into  "Writing  the  particular  Circum- 
stances relating  to  this  Affair  and  attest  to  the  same,  and  that 
his  Honor  do  send  the  said  Depositions  to  the  General  Assembly 
together  with  a  Message  warmly  vjrging  them  to  proceed  imme- 
diately to  the  consideration  of  this  important  Intelligence  and 
adopt  some  effectual  Measures  by  which  a  total  stop  may  be  put 
to  Evils  of  so  Alarming  a  Nature,  and  the  principal  Aiders  and 
Abettors  of  such  Violent  Outrages  brought  to  Condign  Punish- 


ment. 


■'i         '■■■Hy 


it        1. 


\'      k 


t  «», 


RIOT  AND  BLOODSHED  IN  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY. 

City  of  New  York,  ss  :  Oliver  Church  of  Brattleborough  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland  of  the  Age  of  nineteen  years  and 
Joseph  Hancock  of  Hopkinson  in  the  County  of  Middesex  in 
in  the  province  of  Massachusetts  Bay  Taylor  of  full  age  being 


>  ?      >• 


m 


t  tliereupon  the 
I  their  Assistants 
Magistrates  fired 
,  in  which  one  of 
t  on  the  next  day 
:oceeding  to  Busi- 

said  County  and 
itts  Bay  and  New 

House  and  made 
{ several  other  Per- 
em  in  the  County 

Ringleader  of  tl\e 
Mob,  and  that  the 
authority  theMagis- 
isoners  lor  the  Mas- 
)mmitted— And  thft 
es  being  withdrawn: 
,uncil  in  this  Emer- 

)  Persons  who  came 
e  particular  Circum- 
>  the  same,  and  that 
he  General  Assembly 
em  to  proceed  imme- 
tant  Intelligence  and 
total  stop  may  be  put 
1  principal  Aiders  and 
to  Condign  Punish- 


AV' 


lim  COUNTY. 

iof  Brattleboroughin 
If  nineteen  years  and 
lounty  of  Middesex  in 
lylor  of  full  age  being 


KEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRAKTS. 


905 


duly  Sworn  severally  make  Oath,  and  first  the  said  Oliver 
Church  for  himself  saith  that  on  the  Saturday  next  before  tlio 
Tuesday  on  which  the  last  Inferiour  Courts  of  Common  Pleas 
and  General  Quarter  Sessions  for  the  County  of  Cumberland 
was  to  be  held  lie  returned  home  to  Brattleborough  aforesaid 
having  been  absent  about  two  months.    That  the  Deponent  then 
beard  it  currently  reported  at  Brattleborough  that  the  Rioters 
had  threatened. they  would  meet  in  a  Body  to  prevent  his 
Majestys  Judges  and  Justices  from  opening  the  said  Inferiour 
Courts.    That  on  the  next  day  being  Sunday  William  Patterson 
Esquire  High  Sheriff  of  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  came 
to  Brattleborough  and  confirmed  the  said  Report  and  desired  the 
Inhabitants  to  go  with  liim  tlie  next  day  to  Westminster  the 
Town  where  the  said  Courts  were  to  be  held  to  assist  him  in 
keeping  the  peace  and  Suppressing  the  Rioters.    That  on  the  next 
morning  being  Monday  the  thirteenth  day  of  this  Instant  March 
the  Deponent  with  several  other  Inhabitants  of  Brattleborough 
to  the  number  of  about  twenty-five  unarmed  except  with  Staves 
attended  the  said  Sheriff  from  Brattleborough  to  Westminster 
and  upon  the  Road  were  joined  by  about  as  many  more  from 
other  Townships  about  fourteen  of  whom  had  Fire  Arms.    That 
upon  tlieir  arrival  at  Westminster  about  sunset  they  foimd  the 
Court  House  had  been  taken  possession  of  by  between  Eighty 
and  ninety  People  many  of  whom  had  Fire  Arms  and  the  rest 
in  general  had  Staves  that  they  appeared  very  riotous  and 
Tumultuous.    That  the  said  Sheriff  immediately  went  up  to 
the  Court  House  and  demanded  Entrance,  which  they  refused 
guarding  all  the  doors.    That  thereupon  the  Sheriff  with  a  loud 
voice  made  Proclamation  for  the  said  Rioters  to  disperse.    That 
several  of  the  said  Rioters  and  in  Particular  one  Charles  Daven- 
port of  Fulhara  in  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  Carpenter 
cried  out  that  they  would  stay  as  long  as  they  pleased  and  that 
neither  the  said  Sheriff  or  any  of  liis  men  should  have  entrance 
there  and  that  if  he  offered  to  take  possession  of  the  said  Court 
House  they  would  send  him  and  all  his  men  to  Hell  in  fifteen 
minutes.    That  soon  after  the  said  Sheriff  sent  the  Deponent  and 
the  Deponents  Father  with  warrants  to  collect  farther  assistance 
and  the  Deponent  of  his  own  Knowledge  can  depose  notliing 


BBIK  ■■* 

^•:.'M'* 

♦» 

i' 

i  ; 
1  I 

1 

if 


i? 


f  1 


906 


GORTROTEBST  HE8PECTIN6  THE 


t.4   ,; 

J*  4*      I  ' 


( 1     n 


'1..., 


t«j*l'. 


"     ^     '4,        »  * 


:i 


further  of  the  Transactions  of  the  said  Rioters  at  the  Court 
House  being  prevented  from  returning  by  being  talcen  Sick 
through  Fatigue.  That  besides  the  above  named  Charles  Daren- 
port  he  saw  among  the  Rioters  who  had  so  taken  poss«ssion 
of  the  Court  House, — Leonard  Spalding  of  Putney  Farmer 
Hosea  Miller  of  Fulham  yeoman  and  Daniel  Serjeant  of  Fulham 
Farmer  all  these  appeared  to  be  principally  active  and  besides 
these  the  Deponent  recollects  to  have  seen  among  the  said  Riot- 
ers Fairbank  Moore  Junior  of  Fulham  Farmer,  and  Elias  Wilder 
Junior  of  Fulham  Farmer.  Tliat  both  the  above  Deponents 
have  heard  and  verily  believe  H;  to  be  true  it  being  the  common 
Report  that  afterwards  on  the  Evening  of  the  same  thirteenth 
day  of  March  the  said  Sheriff  and  the  Magistrates  after  having 
Repeatedly  required  the  said  Rioters  to  disperse  without  effect 
did  about  nine  of  the  clock  in  the  Evening  pick  out  Ten  or  a 
dozen  of  his  Party  and  arming  them  with  staves  except  one  who 
had  a  Sword  and  directed  them  to  take  possession  of  the  Court 
House  that  tliey  attempted  it  twice  but  were  beat  back,  that 
thereupon  to  intimidate  them  three  Guns  were  fired  over  their 
heads  just  above  the  Door.  That  thereupon  the  mob  returned 
the  fire  from  tlie  House.  That  one  of  their  Balls  entered  the 
Cuff  )f  tlie  Coat  of  Benjamin  Butterfield  Esquire  one  of  his 
Majestys  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  said  County  of  Cumberland 
which  went  out  of  the  ell)ow  without  hurting  him  and  another 
went ,  through  his  Coat  Sleeve  and  just  grazed  the  Skin.  That 
a  pistol  was  discharged  by  one  of  the  Rioters  at  Benjamin  But- 
terfield the  Son  of  tiie  above  named  Justice  Butterfield  so  near 
that  the  Powder  burnt  a  large  hole  in  the  breast  of  his  Coat  and 
one  William  Williams  received  a  large  wound  in  the  head  by 
one  of  the  Balls  discharged  by  the  said  Rioters.  That  thereupon 
the  Slieriffs  Party  to  the  number  of  four  or  five  fired  upon  the 
Rioters  and  killed  one  besides  wounding  several  others  when 
the  Sheriff  Commanded  his  Party  not  fire  any  more  but  to  push 
foward  with  their  Staves  whicli  they  did  and  finally  took  posses- 
sion of  the  Court  House  after  much  Resistance  and  several  of 
the  Rioters  Prisoners  that  thereupon  the  Rioters  sent  Parties  all 
armed  to  New  Hampshire  and  the  Neighlx>uring  Counties  for 
more  force.    That  the  next  morning  the  Prisoners  so  taken  wer» 


oters  at  the  Court 
being  taken  Sick 
medCiiarlesDaren- 
50  taken  possession 
of  Putney  Farmer, 
Serjeant  of  Fulham 
y  active  and  besides 
among  the  said  Riot- 
ler,  and  Elias  "Wilder 
he  above  Deponents 
it  being  the  common 
the  same  thirteenth 
igistrates  after  having 
lisperse  without  effect 
ing  pick  out  Ten  or  a 
staves  except  one  \?ho 
)OSses8ion  of  the  Court 
t  were  beat  back,  that 
IS  were  fired  over  their 
ipon  the  mob  returned 
their  Balls  entered  the 
Id  Esquire  one  of  his 
County  of  Cumberland 
rting  him  and  another 
[grazed  the  Skin.    That 
ioters  at  Benjamin  But- 
itice  Butterfield  so  near 
[e  breast  of  his  Coat  and 
wound  in  the  head  by 
lioters.    That  thereupon 
,r  or  five  fired  upon  the 
,g  several  others  when 
|re  any  more  but  to  push 
,  and  finally  took  posses- 
resistance  and  several  of 
[e  Rioters  sent  Parties  all 
ighbouring  Counties  for 
Prisoners  so  taken  were 


A-a  HBW  BAMPSHIRE  GRAIITSb   > 


007 


discharged  certain  accounts  having  been  received  that  the  Rioters 
^ere  returning  with  Reinforcements  and  the  deponent  Oliver 
Church  farther  saith  that  on  Wednesday  the  fifteenth  Instants 
being  at  Brattleborough  he  saw  about  sixty  Rioters  going  towards 
VVestminster  armed  and  headed  by  one  Cochran  who  said  he 
was  the  Captain  of  the  Green  Mountain  Boys  and  declared  he 
would  have  Revenge  for  the  man  that  was  killed  and  those  that 
were  wounded  and  his  Company  declared  in  general  that  tliey 
would  have  blood  for  blood  particularly  saying  that  they  would 
have  the  Blood  of  the  said  Sheriff  Samuel  Gale  Clerk  of  the  said 
County  and  one  Lieutenant  Osgood:    And  the  said  Joseph  Han- 
cock for  himself  further  deposeth  and  saith  that  he  was  warned  by 
the  said  Oliver  Church  to  go  to  Westminister  to  the  assistance  of 
the  Sheriff  and  Magistrates    Tliat  he  went  from  Brattleborough 
early  on  Tuesday  morning  the  fourteenth  instant  with  about  four- 
teen others  and  met  several  Flying  parties  of  the  Mob  who  said 
there  would  be  another  Rally  and  they  expected  a  second  Engage- 
ment   That  when  they  arrived  at  Westminister  which  was  about 
noon  of  that  Day  they  found  the  Court  had  met  and  adjourned  to 
(he  afternoon  and  that  every  thing  was  in  great  confusion  from  an 
expectation  of  the  Return  of  tlie  Rioters    That  in  the  afternoon  of 
that  day  the  Rioters  began. to  come  up  in  sevenil  parties  whereupon 
as  the  Deponent  has  lieard  and  believes  tlie  Judges  adjourned  the 
Courts  to  the  next  Town  no  Business  having  been  done    That  on 
the  evening  of  the  same  day  the  Deponent  was  in  the  said  Court 
House  witli  the  said  Sheriff  the  mob  having  by  this  time  collected 
a  Strong  Body  to  the  amount  of  about  Three  hundred,    That 
two  of  them  came  into  the  Court  House  to  the  said  Sheriff  one 
of  whom  threatned  and  insulted  the  Sheriff  and  declared  that  the 
Judges  should   be    brought  out  before  the  Mob  and  make 
acknowledgements  to  their  satisfaction    That  they  would  pull 
down  the  Court  House    That  the  Sheriff  and  all  that  had  a 
hand  in  perpetrating  the  horrid  Massacre  as  he  expressed  himself 
should  be  taken  into  custody  and  put  in  irons.    That  the  Depo- 
nent went  out  of  tlie  Court  House  when  it  was  immediately 
surrounded  by  the  Mob  who  took  possession  of  the  Doors  and 
would  let  none  but  their  own  party  into  or  out  of  the  House 
That  as  soon  as  tl,ie  Deponent  got  out  of  the  house  he  understood 


■|» 


1. 


>i 


t    .i 


908 


COMTBOVQIST   RESPECTIKO  THE 


if 


•ii'    9 


.  <^(  >., 


*.*; 
^i^ 


from  General  talk  out  of  doors  that  the  People  from  'rulham 
Putney  and  the  neighbouring  Towns  had  come  up  so  exasperated 
that  they  liad  determined  to  fire  upon  every  person  they  should 
find  in  the  Court  House  until  they  had  taken  their  own  satisfac- 
tiou  but  that  they  had  been  prevented  by  some  who  came  from 
New  Hampshire  Tliat  as  soon  as  the  said  Mob  had  taken  posseg- 
sion  of  the  Court  House  as  last  above  mentioned  and  had  thereby 
made  prisoners  of  the  Sheriff  and  some  of  his  party  and  also  of 
some  of  the  Magistrates  they  sent  out  several  parties  to  pick  up 
such  of  the  Sheriff's  party  as  they  could  find  and  to  waylay  the 
Roads  that  they  should  not  escape  and  the  Deponent  saith  he 
saw  a  Piody  of  about  twelve  with  a  Leader  come  to  Tavern  in 
Westminister  to  apprehend  one  Knights  an  Attorney  one  Serjeant 
a  Constable  and  the  said  William  Williams  all  of  the  Sheriffs 
Posse  That  the  next  morning  about  eight  or  nine  o'clock  the 
Deponent  going  towards  the  Court  House  saw  a  Party  of  tie 
Riotere  who  had  made  Prisoner  of  Oliver  Wells  who  is  one  of 
the  son's  of  Judge  Wells  and  M'  Hill  an  Inhabitant  of  West- 
minister both  of  whom  they  carried  to  and  imprisoned  in  the 
Court  House  That  shortly  after  this  Leonard  Spalding  above 
mentioned  charged  the  Deponent  with  having  been  one  of  those 
who  came  to  reinforce  the  Sheriff  whej-eupon  he  was  surrounded 
Stopt  and  examined  but  was  at  length  permitted  to  go  at  large 
upon  proof  being  given  (hat  he  was  not  an  Inhabitant  of  this 
province  That  shortly  after  the  Deponent  saw  one  Thomas  Ellis 
one  of  the  Sheriffs  posse  seized  by  another  Party  of  tlie  Rioters 
and  confined  in  the  Court  house  and  soon  after  being  at  the  House 
of  Crean  Brush  Esquire  he  saw  a  fresh  party  of  about  three 
hundred  Rioters  armed  headed  by  Solomon  Hervey  of  Fulham 
Practitioner  of  Physic  who  arrived  with  a  Drum  beating  having 
in  their  Custody  four  more  of  the  Sheriffs  party  who  being  on 
their  way  liome  had  been  intercepted  by  this  Party  of  the  Rioters 
and  after  they  had  been  examined  by  them  before  the  Court 
House  were  dismissed  first  being  disarmed  and  had  a  pass  given 
them  Signed  by  the  said  Solomon  Hervey  who  was  lately  ap 
pointed  a  Colonel  among  them  at  a  County  Convention  held  about 
three  weeks  before  at  Westminister  for  Redress  of  Grievances 
when  they  appointed  as  the  Deponent  has  heq^d  and  believes  a 


MEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


90t 


IB 

jople  fromTulham 
ttc  up  so  exasperated 
person  they  should 
n  their  own  satisfac- 
iine  "W^^o  came  from 
lob  had  taken  posseg- 
oned  and  had  thereby 
his  party  and  also  of 
ral  parties  to  pick  up 
nd  and  to  waylay  the 
lie  Deponent  saith  he 
>!•  come  to  Tavern  in 
1  Attorney  one  Serjeant 
ams  all  of  the  Sheriffs 
ht  or  nine  o'clock  the 
,se  saw  a  Party  of  tie 
r  Wells  who  is  one  of 
Ml  Inhabitant  of  West- 
and  imprisoned  in  the 
^onard  Spalding  above 
faving  been  one  of  those 
upon  he  was  surrounded 
iermitttd  to  go  at  large 
,t  an  Inhabitant  of  this 
jnt  saw  one  Tliomas  Ellis 

[ler  Party  of  the  Rioters 
:i  after  being  at  the  House 

ih  piirty  of  about  three 

ton  Hervey  of  Fulham 

ha  Drum  beating  having 

ills  party  wbo  being  on 
this  Party  of  the  Rioters 

them  before  the  Court 
,ed  and  had  a  pass  given 
•vey  who  was  lately  ap 
,ty  Convention  held  about 

,r  Redress  of  Grievances 
lias  heafd  and  believes  a 


variety  of  Field  Officers  to  command  their  Forces    That  upon 
the  morning  of  this  Day  as  the  Deponent  passed  and  repassed 
among  the  mob  he  observed  they  were  very  violent  and  fi-om 
what  the  Deponent  heard  them  say  to  one  another  he  is  appre- 
jjgjjgive  of  tlie  worst  consequences  to  the  persons  confined  by 
them  as  aforesaid  some  of  the  Mob  speaking  as  tho'  they  were 
desirous  to  fire  vollies  tliro  the  House  others  as  tho'  they  wanted 
to  have  the  Slieriff  turned  out  to  them  and  one  man  in  particular 
8^  his  flesh  crawled  to  be  tomahawking  them  that  they  called 
those  who  are  for  supporting  order  and  Government  Tories  and 
the  Deponent  heard  many  of  the  Rioters  say  they  saw  now  what 
the  damned  Tories  would  be  at  that  they  were  a  pack  of 
murderers  and  they  wanted  to  serve  tliem  in  their  own  kind  that 
in  the  mean  time  the  wife  of  the  said  Samuel  Gale  and  the  wife 
of  the  above  mentioned  M'  Hill  obtained  leave  to  speak  to  their 
Husbands  under  confinement  in  the  Court  House  as  aforesaid 
and  upon  their  return  M"  Gale  told  the  Deponent  that  her 
Husband  had  an  opportunity  of  speaking  to  her  in  a  whisper  to 
desire  her  to -send  the  Deponent  to  Mr»  Wells  her  motlier 
requesting  she  would  send  somebody  immediately  to  the  City  of 
Ifetv  York  to  acquaint  Colonel  Wells  and  M'  Brush  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  said  Rioters  that  the  Governor  and  Council 
might  be  apprized  of  their  Situation  and  send  them  relief  without 
Delay  at  the  s>ame  time  desiring  that  she  would  send  some 
Person  upon  whom  no  suspicion  could  fall  for  that  he  feared  if 
the  Rioters  discovered  the  attempt  they  would  massacre  the 
Prisoners  without  mercy  that  the  Deponent  at  Mr*  Gales  request 
immediately  set  off  to  Brattleborough  with  this  message  to  M" 
Wells  and  went  in  company  with  those  who  had  the  pass  from 
Solomon  Hervey  as  abovementioned  that  they  had  not  got  a  mile 
on  their  Journey  before  they  were  taken  Prisoners  again  by 
another  party  of  \Jiie  Mob  but  were  released  upon  producing  the 
said  pass    That  upon  the  Road  the  Deponent  saw  Robert  Cockran 
armed  with  a  Sword  and  Pistols  who  said  he  was  Captain  of  the 
Boys  of  the  Green  mountains    That  there  was  Fifty  pounds 
reffard  offered  for  taking  him  and  tauntingly  asked  why  the 
Deponent  and  those  that  were  with  him  did  not  attempt  it    That 
the  said  Robert  Cockran  said  he  was  going  to  Westminister  to 


;  I 


A   ti 


■  'i 

I 


flO 


OOMTROVCIISY  RCSPECTINO  THE 


%      * 


see  the  matter  settled  and  have  Revenge  that  he  had  left  his 
Party  passing  the  West  River  that  he  liad  heard  that  Lawyer 
Knights  Josiah  Arms  of  Brattleborough  and  Lieutenant  Osgood 
of  New  Fane  had  assisted  the  Sheriff  and  that  he  would  have 
them  if  they  continued  upon  Earth  that  he  would  see  who  was 
for  the  Lord  and  who  was  for  Balaam  that  shortly  the  Deponent 
met  the  party  of  the  said  Robert  Cockran  consisting  of  about 
forty  or  fifty  men  mostly  armed  That  upon  the  Deponent's 
arrival  at  Judge  Wells'  M™  Wells  desired  the  Deponent  and  the 
said  Oliver  Church  to  proceed  to  New  York  with  this  intorma- 
tion  with  all  speed  •  That  they  set  ofif  a  little  after  midnight  the 
same  day  and  arrived  here  in  the  afternoon  of  Monday  last  and 
the  Deponent  saith  that  he  doth  not  know  the  Name  of  any  of 
the  said  Rioters  except  the  said  Robert  Cockran  the  Deponent 
being  an  Inhabitant  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  a  Stranger  in 
that  part  of  this  Province  and  further  the  Deponents  say  not. 
>  Sworn  in  Council  the  22nd  _,  Oliver  Church 

:i      March  1775  before  me  Joseph  Hancock. 

■n.  Dan.  Horsmanden. 

And  the  Deponents  further  say  that  the  pretext  for  the 
Discontents  in  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  as  given  out  by 
some  is  that  many  persons  were  sued  for  Debts  and  were  at  t\ 
same  Time  unable  to  recover  what  is  due  to  them  in  the  Province 
of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  that  they  believe  a  design  was 
formed  and  entred  upon  for  shutting  up  the  Courts  of  Justice  to 
prevent  those  who  were  in  Debt  from  being  prosecuted  by  their 
Creditors. 

Sworn  in  Council  the  22«»d  Oliver  Church 

March  1775  before  me  ;  Joseph  Hancock 

Dan.  Horsmanden.  ', 

New  York  Secretarys  Office  March  23d  1775       \ 


^«<k     ill 


.jVili 


:n.  my 


«  City  of  New  York  ss.  John  Griffin  of  the  Township  of 
Brattleborough  in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  farmer,  being 
duly  sworn  on  tlie  Holy  Evangelists  of  Almiglity  God  Deposeth 
and  saith  that  this  Deponent  on  tlie  thirteenth  Day  of  Marcli 


iN  of  the  Township  of 

iberland,  farmer,  being 

Almighty  God  Deposeth 

nthirteenth  Day  of  March 


KZVf  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.  01 1 

last  (tlie  Day  before  the  sitting  of  tlie  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
and  quarter  Sessions  for  tlie  said  County  of  Cumberland)  towards 
the  evening  came  into  Westminster  tlie  County  Town  where  the 
Courts  for  the  said  County  are  held.    That  this  Deponent  found 
that  a  great  number  of  persons  riotously  assembled,  not  less  he 
believes  than  Eighty  had  taken  possession  of  the  Court  House  & 
Goal  of  the  said  County  &  a  number  of  persons  armed  with  Clubs 
were  guarding  the  Doors,  which  this  Deponent  was  informed  was 
done  in  order  to  prevent  the  Court  from  Sitting  or  doing  any 
Business.    That  the  Sheriff  went  up  to  the  Door  of  the  Court 
House  and  ordered  the  said  Rioters  to  disperse  &  gave  them  as 
the  Deponent  then  understood  &  verily  believes  fifteen  minutes 
tijne  to  comply  therewith.    That  the  Sheriff  waited  between 
two  &  three  hours  expecting  the  said  Rioters  would  depart  from 
the  said  Court  house  and  Goal,  but  finding  they  did  not  he  went 
up  to  the  said  Court  House  a  second  l«ime  attended  by  some  of 
the  Magistrates  &  a  party  of  Men  and  repeated  his  orders  that 
they  should  immediately  disperse  which  they  refused  j  declaring 
that  if  he  or  any  other  person  attempted  to  come  into  the  Court 
house  they  would  beat  out  their  Brains.    That  the  Sheriff  then 
attempted  to  enter  the  Court  house  &  advanced  to  the  upper- 
most of  the  three  steps  which  led  to  the  Door  but  was  pushed 
or  knocked  down  by  the  Rioters  and  renewing  his  Attejnpt  a 
second  time  received  the  same  Treatment.    That  a  few  of  the 
Sheriff's  posse  forced  themselves  into  the  Court  house  but  were 
beat  back  by  the  Clubs  of  the  Rioters.     That  the  Sheriff  then 
ordered  the  posse  to  fire.    That  it  is  said  &  generally  understood 
that  the  first  fire  from  the  Sheriffs  posse  was  only  intended  to 
intimidate  the  Rioters  the  Guns  having  been  directed  to  be  & 
accordingly  were  raised  with  that  I.-^tent  so  high  as  that  charges 
might  pass  over  the  Heads  of  the  Rioters.    That  the  Rioters 
returned  a  Discharge  of  Guns  or  Pistols  on  their  part.    That  the 
Sherift's  posse  then  fired  three  or  four  Guns  into  the  Court  house. 
That  orders  were  given  by  the  Sheriflf  for  the  firing  to  cease  and 
no  more  fire  arms  were  discharged  on  either  side    That  the 
Sheriff  &  his  posse  then  forced  their  Way  into  the  Court  house 
with  Clubs  and  an  engagament  ensued  in  which  the  Rioters 
were  defeated  &  fled.    Tliat  one  of  the  party  of  the  Rioters 


.::Ari, 

■    '  } 

,  1 

.■;♦ 

t 

1 

i 

i    . 
i' 

j 

t 

:' 

s 

■! 

I  ■> 


\* 


^^IBi  1b  ^ 

.i 

'.     *{ 

B|'r;» 

■? 

sSm- 1     * 

■'.    1; 

H^f '  ^ 

B^Vrfi  >       ^ 

^BKI 

'.v  i 

Hw/^ 

.* 

Bgp^t  tjf,     > 

* 

l^'i''''*''' 

1 

^*  C' ' , 

« 

IV  :>; 

*i 

jjij^^l    • 

# 

^Btt-ft  *, 

*■ , 

91S 


CONTROTERST  RESPECTING  THE 


»  * 


'   ^ 


William  French  lost  his  life  by  a  Musket  Ball,  that  four  otliers 
of  the  Rioters  were  wounded.    That  of  the  Sheriffs  posse  a 
Magistrate  and  some   other  persons  were  slightly  wounded 
That  tlie  Sheriff  thus  became  possessed  of  the  CoUrt  House  & 
Goal  &  things  remained  in  Quiet  for  that  night.    That  the  Court 
was  opened  next  morning  at  the  usual  hour  and  adjourned  to  the 
afternoon.    That  in  the  afternoon  they  were  surprized  by  an 
Account  that  a  large  party  of  armed  men  were  coming  over 
from  New  Hampshire  &  apprehending  it  might  be  with  a  Design 
to  interrupt  the  Business  the  Court  thought  fit  to  adjourn  to  the 
ensuing  June  Term.    That  the  Judges  Sherif  Clerk  &  officers 
remained  at  the  Court  house  where  they  usually  diet  during  the 
Sitting  of  the  Court.    Tliat  a  few  hours  aferwards  another  party 
armed  came  in   from  Fulham  &  putney  in  the  said  County 
consisting  of  about  forty,  who  as  this  Deponent  then  understood 
and  verily  believes,  after  putting  it  to  vote,  declared  that  tUy 
would  immediately  fire  into  the  Court  house  &  kill  &  destroy  every 
person  there.    That  the  Leaders  of  the  party  from  New  Hamp- 
shire  interposed  &  prevented  the  horrid  Resolution  from  being 
executed,  by  guarding  all  the  Doors  &  passages  into  tlie  Court 
house  That  the  said  Rioters  from  Fulham  &  Putney  expressed  the 
greatest  Indignation  and  Concern  in  being  disappointed  of  their 
Intended  Revenge  &  that  many  of  them  cried  aloud  witli  Vexation. 
That  they  next  insisted  that  the  Judges  Sheriff  Clerk  &  others  who 
■were  thus  in  prison  in  the  Court  house  should  be  closely  confined 
in  the  Goal,  to  which  the  party  from  New  Hampshire  consented, 
k  accordingly  put  them  all  in  one  of  the  prison  Rooms ;  the  Key 
of  which  was  kept  by  one  Butterfield  the  Head  of  the  said  New 
Hampshire  party  and  there  they  were  kept  in  close  Custody  from 
Wednesday  Night  till  Sunday  Noon.    That  on  the  Wednesday 
Evening  as  he  thinks  Robert  Cockran  proposed  to  destroy  the 
Court  house  and  all  the  persons  in  it  and  declared  that  he  would 
beat  up  for  volunteers  the  next  morning,  that  this  he  accordingly 
did  the  next  Day  &  inlisted  (as  this  Deponent  was  informed  and  I 
verily  believes)  about  one  hundred  Men  that  it  was  then  put  to 
vote  by  this  Company  (as  this  Deponent  then  understood  &  verily  I 
believes)  whether  they  should  burn  the  Court  House  and  alll 
who  were  in  it  and  it  was  determined  in  favor  of  this  inhumanl 


t-* 


inCW  RAHPSHtRfi  OftAMTS. 


913 


Resolution ;  but  that  the  party  from  New  Hampshire  agftin 
interposed  &  prevented  its  taking  eflfect.  That  Cockran  and  his 
party  frequently  proposed  trying  the  said  Magistrates  and  officers 
of  Justice  by  a  Court  Martial  and  punishing  them  on  the  Spot ; 
but  this  was  prevented  also  by  the  New  Hampshire  party.  That 
the  Rioters  declared  that  they  would  suffer  no  Magistrates  to  act 
but  two,  who  were  to  be  permitted. to  serve  their  own  purposes. 
Tiiat  at  length  it  was  agreed  by  the  Rioters  that  Seven  of  the 
persons  so  confined  in  the  said  Ooal  should  be  set  at  Liberty  on 
giving  Bond  with  Security  to  John  Hazeltine  the  Chairman  of  the 
Rioters  (as  he  then  understood  &  verily  believes)  on  this  occa- 
sion to  appear  and  take  their  trials  with  the  other  prisoners. 
That  the  following  were  the  persons  who  were  so  bound  (to  wit) 
Thomas  Chandler  Esq'  first  Judge  of  the  said  Court  of  Common 
pleas,  Benjamin  Burt,  Thomas  Sergeant,  Oliver  Well,  BiWad 
Easton  (one  of  the  Sherifis  Deputies)  Joseph  Willard  and  John 
Morse.  "■--  -      '*>  .  ■  ^         ,  -         ' 

That  it  was  further  determined  by  the  said  Rioters  that  the 
remaining  nine  persons  who  had  been  confined  in  Goal  (to  wit) 
Noah  Sabin  Esq"",  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  the 
said  County  j  Benjamin  Butterfield  one  of  the  Assistant  Justices 
of  the  said  Court,  William  Willard  Esq',  one  of  his  Majesty's 
Justices  of  the  peace  William  Patterson  Esq',  high  Sheriif 
Samuel  Gale  Esq'  Clerk— Benjamin  Gorton— Deputy  Slieriff 
Richard  Hill  one  Cunningham  and  William  Williams  should  be 
gent  prisoners  to  the  Town  of  Northhampton  in  the  County 
of  Hampshire  in  the  Province  of  the  Massachusett's  Bay  and 
there  confined  in  Goal.    That  a  Guard  of  between  twenty  & 
thirty  of  the  Rioters  under  the  Command  of  the  said  Robert 
Cockran  and  of  an  equal  Number  of  the  Newhampshire  party 
nnder  the  Command  of  the  said  Captain  Butterfield  accordingly 
was  appointed  to  convey  the  said  nine  persons  to  the  Goal 
aforesaid  and  were  upon  tlieir  March  when  the  Deponent  left 
the  said  County  of  Cumberland.    That  the  principaile  and  most 
active  among  the  Rioters  who  took  possession  of  the  Court  house 
manner  aforesaid  were  Doctor  Jones  of  Rockingham,  Leonard 
Spalding  of  Putney,  Charles  Davenport,  one  Haven  a  Blacksmith, 
Daniel  Sergeant  one  Hoooker,  one  Knight,  Hosea  Miller,  Paul 
Vol.  IV.  58 


•i 


.  V 


914 


COMTROVKIUBY   RX8PECTIN0  THE 


Gates  and  Thomas  Boyden  all  of  Fulham.  That  tlie  principal 
and  most  active  of  the  Rioters  who  were  concerned  in  the  other 
of  the  said  Riotous  proceedings  were,  besides  the  said  Robert 
Oockran,  Solomon  Harvey  of  Fulham,  Alijah  Lovejoy  of  West- 
minster &  Othniel  Wilkins  of  Guildford  and  further  this  Depo- 
nent saith  that  he  does  verily  believe  that  the  principal  Cause 
of  the  said  Disturbances  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  is  tl\e 
Repugnance  of  the  riotous  part  of  the  Inhabitants  to  be  sued 
for  their  ^ebts.  That  two  prisoners  who  were  confined  fop 
Debt  in  the  said  Goal  were  discharged.  And  the  Deponent 
further  saith,  that  he  understood  that  the  said  Goal  was  nailed 
up  by  Order  of  the  Rioters  and  left  empty  in  that  Condition  and 
further  the  Deponent  saith  not.  John  Griffin. 

Sworn  this  27|8*»>  Day  of  March 

1775 — Before  me,  * 

Dan  Horsmanden.  .,  » 


.-'/^'iM 


ri' 


M 


1^ 

1' 


■If    ',    s 

> 


LT.  GOV.  COLDEN  TO  LORD  DARTMOUTH. 

i    .;  [Lond.Doo.XLV.]  •  .   ^v    „. 

New  York  5t'«  April  1775. 

Extract.  About  a  month  agoe  I  received  accounts  of  farther 
outrageous  and  most  illegal  proceedings  of  the  Bennington 
Rioters,  of  which  your  Ldp  has  already  heard  so  much.  TJieir 
Acts  grow  from  time  to  time  more  daring  and  dangerous.  Thej 
have  now  had  the  hardiness  to  seize  a  justice  of  the  Peace,  to 
try  him  before  a  mock  Tribunal  of  their  own,  formally  to  pass 
sentence  upon  him,  and  after  inflicting  a  punishment  of  200 
Lashes  on  him,  to  banish  him  from  that  part  of  the  Country, 
wliich  they  call  tlieir  own  Indeed  the  authority  of  Government 
is  entirely  lost  among  them,  and  I  am  afraid  can  not  be  restored 
but  by  Force.  They  began  with  pretending  only  to  hold  pos- 
session of  the  Lands  on  which  they  had  settled,  but  your  Ldp  I 
may  be  assured  they  have  extended  their  Designs  much  farther, 
and  are  dayly  growing  more  and  more  formidable  and  dangerous] 
to  Government. 

I  have  lately  received  accounts  likewise,  my  Lord  of  a  danger-l 
ous  Insurrection  in  Cumberland  County  of  this  Province  which 


♦  ', 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  GBAMTS. 


915 


rUat  t\ie  principal 
lerned  In  tl^e  o^^^^i 
;8  the  said  Robert 
,  Lovejoy  of  West- 
further  tills  Bepo- 
the  principal  Cause 
Cumberland  is  t\\e 
abltants  to  be  sued 
)  were  confined  for 
And  the  Deponent 
said  Goal  was  nailed 
in  that  Condition  and 
Jobs  Grif«m. 

.'  ■,'»,'....    •    ■' 


)AIITM0\3TH. 

York  5i»'  April  1775. 
ived  accounts  of  farther 

^crs  of  the  Bennington 
.heard  so  much.  Tkii 
,g  and  dangerous.  They 
justice  of  the  Peace,  to 

,ir  own,  formally  to  pass 

,  jr  a  punishment  of  200 

,at  part  of  the  Country, 

authority  of  Government 

afraid  can  not  be  restored 

tending  only  to  hold  pos- 

id  settled,  but  your  Ldp 
eir  Designs  much  farther, 
^formidable  and  dangerous 

Uise  my  Lord  of  a  danger- 
froflis  Province  .hich 


ll  connected  with  Massachusetts  Bay  on  one  side  and  New 
Hampshire  on  the  other.    A  number  of  People  in  Cumberland, 
worked  up  by  the  example  and  Influence  of  Massachusets  Bay, 
embraced  the  dangerous  resolution  of  shutting  up  tlie  Courts  of 
Justice.    With  this  design  they  took  Possession  of  the  Court 
House  immediately  before  the  Courts  of  General  Sessions  of  the 
Peace,  and  common  Pleas,  were  to  be  opened  there  in  March 
last.   They  persisted  with  so  much  obstinacy  to  resist  the  Slieriif 
and  his  Posse  that  he  was  obliged  to  have  recourse  to  fire  arms, 
by  which  one  of  the  Rioters  were  killed  and  several  were 
wounded  upon  which  they  quitted  the  House  and  the  Courts 
were  opened.    But  by  the  next  day  such  numbers  had  joined 
the  Rioters  from  New  Hampshire  and  Massachusetts  Bay,  as 
made  them  too  powerful!  for  the  Magistrates,    they  took  one  of 
'he  Judges  the  Sheriffs  clerk  of  the  Court  and  several  other  per- 
sons prisoners  and  after  confining  them  for  several  days  in  the 
Goal  of  their  own  County  carried  them  into  Massachusetts  Bay, 
and  put  them  into  the  Goal  of  North  Hampton  where  they 
remained  wlien  the  last  accounts  came  from  them. 

It  was  necessary,  for  me,  my  Lord,  to  call  upon  the  Assembly 
for  aid,  to  reinstate  the  authority  of  Government  in  that  country 
and  to  bring  the  atrocious  offenders  to  Punishment.    They  have 
given  but  one  thousand  Pounds  for  this  Purpose  which  is  much 
too  small  a  sum,  but  the  party  in  the  Assembly  who  have  opposed 
every  measure  that  has  a  tendency  to  strengthen  or  support 
Government  by  working  on  the  parcemonious  disposition  of  some 
of  the  Country  Members  had  too  much  influence  on  this  occa- 
sion I  am  now  waiting  for  an  answer  from  General  Gage  to  -.vhom* 
I  have  wrote  on  this  affair  in  Cumberland:  by  his  Assistance  I 
hope  I  shall  soon  be  able  to  hold  a  Court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer 
io  that  County,  where  I  am  assured  there  are  some  hundreds  of 
the  inhabitants  well  affected  to  Government;  and  that  if  the 
Debts  of  the  people  who  have  been  concerned  in  this  outrage, 
were  all  paid,  there  would  not  be  a  sixpence  of  property  left 
among  them.  .t  i 

It  is  proper  your  Lordship  should  be  informed,  that  the  inha- 
bitants of  Cumberland  County  have  not  been  made  uneasy  by 
any  dispute  about  the  Title  of  their  Lands;  those  who  have  not 


,   .  \ 


? 


|!  'If 


916 


coimunrnurr  hksipechko  the 


'iff'. 


_M V  *'  • 


obtained  Grants  under  this  Oovernm*  live  in  quiet  possession 
under  tlie  Grants  formerly  made  by  New  Hampshire.  The  Hlot- 
ers  have  not  pretended  any  such  pretext  for  their  conduct,  the 
example  of  Massachusetts  Bay  is  the  only  reason  tliey  have 
assigned.  Yet  I  make  no  ddubt  they  will  be  Joined  by  the  Ben- 
nington Rioters,  who  will  endeavor  to  make  one  common  cause 
of  it,  though  they  have  no  connection  but  in  their  violence  to 
Government. 


:.U 


PETITION  OF  MESSRS.  HOUGH  AND  WALKER  FOR  RELIEF. 

To  the  honourable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq'  liis  Majes- 
ty's Lieutenant  Governor  and  Commander  iu  Cliief 
^  - '^  '  In  and  over  the  province  of  New  York  and  tlie  Tor- 

'     ritories  depending  thereon  in  America  &«. 
The  petition  of  Bei^amin  Hough  and  baniel  Walker  Jun' 
of  the  County  of  Charlotte.  ^ 

Most  Humbly  Sheweth 

That  your  Petitioners  being  expelled  from  their  Habitations 
by  the  Bennington  Rioters  were  obliged  to  fly  to  this  City  for 
Refuge  and  protection. 

That  they  are  destitute  of  the  means  of  Support,  at  the  same 
time  that  they  have  been  involving  themselves  in  Debt  for  the 
Necessaries  of  Life. 

That  under  these  deplorable  Circumstances,  they  liave  no  other 
prospect  of  Relief  but  from  the  Hand  of  the  humane  &  benevo- 
lent. 

Your  petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  pray  that  your  Honour 
will  be  favourably  pleased  to  take  their  unhappy  case  into  your 
tender  consideration,  and  to  give  them  your  Countenance  and 
assistance  in  the  premises. 

And  your  petitioners  shall  ever  pray  &c. 

Benjamin  Hough 
Daniel  Walker  Ju' 
(Endorsed)    April  7«h  1775    Read  in  Council, 
and  ordered  that  a  Brief  be  issued  in  favor  of  the 
Petitioners.  '"'*   ^  '' '  ^ 


MEW  BAMffUUlK  OAAMW. 


917 


■ 


T 


LKER  FOK  RELIEF. 


y  pray  that  your  Honour 
[unhappy  case  into  your 
'  your  Countenance  and 


PETITION  OF  THE  CIVIL  OFPICERS  OP  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

To  the  Honorable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esquire  His  Mi^jestj^i 
Lieutenant  Governot  and  Commander  in  Clii«f  of  the 
Province  of  New  York  A" 

The  Petition  of  Samuel  Wells  Esquire,  William  Patterson 
Esquire,  High  Sheriff,  and  Samuel  Gale  Esquire  Clerk,  of  th<9 
County  of  Cumberland. 
]\|()St  Humbly  Sheweth 

That  your  Petitioner  Samuel  Wells  hath  expended  in  defraying 
th«  expenses  of  the  several  expresses  from  the  County  of 
Cumberland  to  the  City  of  New  York,  bringing  accounts  of  tlie 
state  of  the  County,  in  order  that  Government  might  be  thereby 
enabled  to  take  the  most  proper  steps  to  reinstate  and  maiutaia 
the  due  administration  of  Justice,  and  for  the  suppression  of 
Riots  in  the  said  County ;  The  sum  of  Forty  three  Pounds 
Fourteen  Shillings  and  six  pence,  an  account  whereof  (A)  is 
herewith  presented.  ,^^ 

Your  Petitioners  are  happy  in  that  they  are  enabled  to  inform 
your  Honor,  that  these,  expresses  seem  to  have  been  of  very 
essential  service,  in  disheartning  several  of  the  late  Rioters ; 
and  your  Petitioners  are  humbly  of  opinion  (from  the  last 
accounts),  That  had  it  not  been  for  the  late  unhappy  differences 
in  Massachusets-Bay,  the  Rioters  would  have  been  so  far 
disheartned,  as  that  the  well  disposed  inhabitants,  would  have 
been  able  to  liave  restored  peace  in  that  Couuty.  ■/ 

That  your  Petitioner  William  Patterson  hath  expended  in 
defraying  the  charges  of  the  Posse  for  the  purpose  of  supporting 
and  maintaining  the  course  of  Justice  in  the  said  county  of 
Cumberland,  The  sum  of  Seventy  Seven  Pounds  Twelve  Shillings 
and  Eleven  Pence  farthing,  as  appears  by  the  account  (B)  here- 
with presented,  attested  by  the  Petitioner  under  oath. 

That  your  Petitioner  Samuel  Gale  hath  expended  ibr  the 
Travelling  cliarges  of  tlie  persons  taken  by  the  Rioters,  and  of 
tlieir  guard  from  Westminister  to  Northampton,  and  from  thence 
to  the  City  of  New  York  ;  and  for  the  expenses  of  mah  as  are 
returned,  wliile  here,  and  to  enable  them  to  return  ;  Tiie  sum 
of  Tlurty  two  Pouuds  Fifteen  Shillings  and  one  hall  penny,  over 


f& 


918 


CONTROYCRSY   RESPEOTINO  TBK 


SD  It    k       .  ♦, 


:^\v 


■^9 


.4 


and  above  the  sum  of  Forty  Pounds  received  from  your  Hononr 
as  appears  by  the  account  (C)  and  affidavit  herewith  also 
presented. 

That  The  Expences  of  the  persons  brought  down  to  this  City 
on  the  Thirteenth  Instant  (who  are  not  yet  returned,)  and  from 
thence  to  this  day,  as  appears  by  the  account  (D)  herewith 
delivered,  amounts  to  the  sum  of  Thirty  one  Pounds  Six 
Shillings  and  Six  Pence  half  penny. 

That  several  of  the  persons  now  here  To  Wit  Noah  Sabin 
Esqf,  William  Willard  Esq'  Benj*  Butterfield  Esq',  Richard  Hill 
and  Samuel  Knight;  were  brought  away. from  home  without 
having  any  time  to  collect  monies  for  their  expences,  and  an 
unable  to  return,  without  some  small  assistance;  and  haye 
therefore  requested  your  Petitioners  to  lay  their  case  before  yonr 
Honor,  Humbly  Praying  that  your  Honor  would  be  pleased  to 
grant  them  Thirty  Shillings  each,  making  Seven  Pounds  Ten 
Shillings ;  to  enable  them  (with  what  little  money  they  have 
with  them)  to  bear  their  Expences  home. 

That  from  the  present  circumstance  of  the  case,  your  Peti- 
tioners are  under  an  absolute  necessity  of  making  this  applica- 
tion to  your  Honour. 

Your  Petitioners  Therefore  Humbly  pray.  That  your  Honour 
would  be  favourably  pleased,  to  issue  your  warrant  to  the 
Treasurer  for  the  amouni  of  the  several  sums  aforesaid,  making 
in  the  whole  the  sum  of  One  hundred  and  Ninety  two  Pounds 
Nineteen  Shillings  and  one  Farthing,  out  of  the  sum  of  One 
Thousand  Pounds,  voted  by  a  Resolve  of  the  General  Assembly, 
being  so  much  already  expended  for  the  purposes  mentioned  in 
the  said  Resolve 

And  your  Petitioners  will  ever  Pray  &« 

Sam:  Wells 

May  4«»  1776  Wm  Pateesom 

S.  Gale. 

(Endorsed)  1775  May  5^^  Read  in  CouncU 
and  ordered  that  &  warrant  do  Issue  for  the  amo*> 
of  the  accounts  within.  •: 


v#i 


J 


•'! 


:m>  MEW  BAMF8HIBX  G&AIITS^ 


»1« 


■j 


•om  youi  Honour 
It  heieMvlth  also 

down  to  this  City 
turned,)  and  from 
ant  (D)  here\»ltb 
one   Pounds  Six 

'o  "Wit  Noah  Sabin 
I  Esq',  Richard  Hill, 
from  home  without 
r  expences,  and  are 
isistance;  and  have 
their  case  before  your 
would  be  pleased  to 
I  Seven  Pounds  Ten 
tie  money  they  have 

the  case,  your  PeU- 
nuiking  this  appUca- 

iY  That  your  Honour 
[your  warrant  to  the 
lums  aforesaid,  maldng 

Id  Ninety  two  Pounds 
at  of  the  sum  of  One 
[the  General  Assembly, 
;,urpo8e8  mentioned  in 

fcr  Pray  &• 

Sam:  Wells 
Wm  Patebsom 
8.  Galb. 
Council 
Ithe  amo» 


LT.  GOV.  GOLDEN  TO  LORD  DARTMOUTH. 

CAPTURE  OF  TIOONDBROGA  BY  THE  GREEN  MOUNTAIN  B0T8. 

[Lond.  I>oo.  ZLY.l 

New  York,  7  June,  1776. 
Extract.    While  these  transactions  engrossed  the  attention 
)f  the  City  [of  N.  York]  a  matter  of  greater  importance  w  \ 
carried  on  in  the  Northern  part  of  this  Province    No  less  than 
the  actual  taking  His  Majestys  Forts  at  Tienonderoga  and  Crown 
Point,  and  making  the  Garrison  Prisoners.    I  have  not  any 
account  my  Lord  of  this  affair,  but  what  I  have  collected  from 
the  current  Reports,  for  all  intelligence  to  Government,  thro* 
the  Country  is  effectually  cut  off.    The  only  people  of  this  Pro- 
yince  who  had  any  hand  in  this  expedition,  where  that  set  of 
lawless  people  whom  your  Lordship  has  heard  much  of  under 
the  name  of  the  Bennington  Mob.    They  were  joined  by  a  party 
from  Connecticut  and  an  other  from  Massachusetts  Bay    They 
gurprized  the  Garrison  &  took  the  Torts  without  opposition. 
The  Prisoners  are  carried  into  Connecticut    These  people  ad- 
vanced across  a  lake  as  far  as  St  Johns;  took  a  Vessell  there  and 
destroyed  a  number  of  Boats  and  some  Store  Houses.    This  will 
retard  the  operations  which  Governor  Carleton  will  probably 
undertake  on  this  occasion.    He  alone  has  it  in  his  power  to  do 
any  thing  in  that  quarter,  and  I  hope  he  may  have  an  opportu- 
nity of  severely  retaliating  this  wanton  Act  of  Treason. 


ETHAN  ALLEN  TO  THE  N.  Y.  PROV.  CONGRESS. 

Ticonderoga  20th  July,  1775. 

RtSPECTABLE  GeNTLFMEN — 

When  I  reflect  on  the  unhappy  controversy  which  hath  many 
years  subsisted  between  the  government  of  New- York  and  the 
settlers  on  the  New-Hampshire  Grants,  and  also  contemplate  on 
the  friendship  and  union  tl]at  hath  lately  taken  place  between 
the  government  and  those  its  former  discontented  subjects,  in 
making  a  united  resistance  against  ministerial  vengeance  and 


K 
1 

1  < 

1? 

H 


J  i 


1**9       J 


I't'' 


fl^O 


«^ 


oomrBtMrsacs  KBsncmni  the 


slavery,  I  cannot  but  indulge  fond  hopes  of  reconciliation.  To 
promote  tbis  salutary  end,  I  shall  eontrihute  my  influence 
assiuV^g  your  Honours,  that  your  respectful  treatment  not  onlr 
to  Mr.  Werner  and  myself,  but  to  the  Green  Mountain  Boys  in 
general,  in  forming  them  into  a  battalion,  are  by  them  duly 
regarded,  and  I  will  be  responsible  that  they  will  retaliate  tliis 
fhvour  by  wholly  hazarding  their  lives,  if  needs  be,  in  the 
common  cause  of  America. 

I  hope  no  gentleman  in  the  Congress  will  retain  any  precon- 
ceived prejudice  against  me,  as  on  my  part  I  shall  not  against 
any  of  them  ;  but  as  soon  as  opportunity  may  permit  and  the 
public  cause  not  suffer  therby,  shall  hold  myself  in  readiness  to 
settle  all  fbrmer  disputes  and  grievances  on  honorable  terms. 
I  am,  gentlemen,  with  the  greatest  respect, 
• '  *^^  J«5  Your  devoted,  most  obedient  humble  serv* 

■^^^^^'^■'  Eth.nAl4, 

To  the  Honble  Provincial  Congress,  New  York 

V  >;   t        rfi'. 

Vaa.  Seth  Warner  was  appointed  Lt.  Col.  of  the  Green  M.  ^o'r.  Boys  on 
the  Ist  Sept.,  1776,  by  the  N.  Y.  Prov.  Congrea*.  A  Meiao'r  .  .  ^  as  been 
pabllshed  by  Daniel  Chipman,  Esq. 


"•*• 


k  «» 


'4  '3r      'JH 


DECLARATION  OF  A  CONVENTION  HELD  AT  DORSET 

Sept.  25, 1775. 

[AsMoiatioiu  it  MiseeUaoeons  Papen,  XZZ,]    >     .    , 

At  a  General  Convention  of  56  Delegates  on  the  new  hampshire 
Grants  on  tlie  East  and  west  the  Range  of  Green  mountains 
Representing  36  Towns  on  s«>  Grants  held  at  Dorset  the  251*'  day 
Septem"".  by  adjournment  whereas  this  Convention  have  fcr  a 
serious  of  Years  had  under  there  porticvUar  Consideration  the 
disingeneus  Conduct  of  the  former  Colony  now  State  of  N  York 
towards  the  luliabitants  of  that  District  of  Land  Commanly 
Caulled  and  Itnown  by  the  name  of  the  N  Hampshire  Grants  the 
seaveral  Illeagual  unjiistififtbie  and  unwarrantable  meashures 
they  liave  talce  to  Deprive  by  frawd  Viollance  and  oppression 
tliose  iu^hubitant^  of  tliin-  property  and  in  particiUw  tliire  Landed 


*v  fnsvr  nxasnmsL  cRAim^ 


991 


reconciliation.  To 
ttte  my  influence, 
treatment  not  only 
Mountain  Boys  in 
are  by  them  duly 
f  will  retaliate  this 
f  needs  be,  in  the 

,  retain  any  precon- 
;  I  shall  not  against 
may  permit  and  the 
lyself  in  readiness  to 
I  honorable  terms, 
atest  respect, 
ent  humble  serv*, 
Ethan  Allen, 

York 


le  Green  M< 


^"'r.  'Boys  on 
4.    a  been 


HELD  AT  DOKSET 


n,  XXX'l 
jsonthenewhampsMre 

-e  of  Green  mountains 
a  at  Dorset  the  251"  day 
[convention  have  for  a 

ciOar  Consideration  the 
U  now  State  of  N  York 
tct  of  Land  Commanly 

N  Hampshire  Grants  the 

uwarrautable  meashiires 
ioilance  and  oppression 

n  particular  thiie  Landed 


Intrest  and  as  this  Convention  have  Reason  to  Expect  a  Contin- 
uance of  the  same  kind  of  Disingenuaty  unless  some  meashures 
Effectual  be  taken  to  form  the  8t>.  District  a  Seperate  and  Distinct 
one  from  N  York  and,  whereas  it  at  preasant  appears  to  this 
Convention  that  for  the  foregoing  Reasons  to  GeAther  with  the 
diBtance  of  Rode  which  Lies  between  this  Distruct  and  N  York 
that  it  will  be  very  inconvenient  for  those  Inhabiteuts  to  associate 
or  Connect  with  them  for  the  time  being  Directly  or  indirectly 
therefore  this  Convention  being  fully  Convinced  that  it  is  Neasa- 
jery  that  Every  Individual  in  the  Unighted  States  of  America 
should  Exart  them  selves  to.  there  utmost  ability  in  tlie  difence 
of  the  Liberties  thereof  and  that  this  Convention  may  the  bette? 
jfttisfy  til®  public  of  there  punctuall  attachment  to  the  s^  Common 
fiause  at  present  as  weU  as.  h^artaflTore  we  do  make  and  subcribe 
the  following  viz- 
Wee  the  Subscribers  Inhabitants  of  that.  District  of  Land 
Commonly  CauUed  and  known  by  the  name  of  the  N  hampshire 
Grants  being  leagually  Diligated  and  Othorised  to  Transat  the 
public  and  political  affairs  of  the  affore  s^  District  of  Land  for 
eur  selves  and  Constituants  do  solemnly  Covenent  and  Ingage 
that  for  the  time  being  we  will  Strictly  and  Religiously  adheare 
to  the  Several  Resolves  passed  ia  this  ov  a  future  Convention 
Constituted  on  s«i  District  by  the  free  voice  of  the  friends  to 
American  Liberties  that  shall  not  be  Repugnant  to  the  Resotve^ 
of  the  Honourable  Continental  Congress  Relative  to  the  Gea«r^, 
Cause  of  America. 


David  Vallance 
Saml  Benton 
Ira  Allen 
John  Mmly 
Abrari'ira  Underbill 
Willm  Gago 
Martin  powell 
Ruben  Harmon 
Nathan  Clark 
Benjamin  Carpento* 
Timothy  Brunsou 
Heman  Allen 
Tiniothv  Barker 
WillimWard 
Thorns  Tuttle 


Ebenr  HoiRington 
Abraham  Ives 
John  Gaill 
Gideon  Omesly 
James  Meed 
Jonas  Fay 
Edward  Akin 
Joseph  Bradly 
Eiisha  Clark 
Zekious  Mallery 
John  B>jrnham  Jr 
Keiniah  How 
Francis  Whitraore 
Joseph  Woodward 
Leonord  Spauldiog 


l-'l> '*,.?,      •.''I'.l  :  X 


Amos  Curtice 
Saml  AVrite 
'Mikel  Dimming 
Moses  Robinson 
Nathll  l^binson 
Ruben  *nc'S 
Seth  Warner 
Mikel  Veal 
Jevimiah  Clark 
Samuel  Bradley 
Abnor  Scaly 
Obdiah  Dunham 
Ebcnr  Allen 
Saml  Safford 
Willm  Fitch 


fWf        V-\AV 


\ 


■  \.S 


W 


022 


oomRoysHsr  respkctino  the 


.It  .*- 


I*' 


MEMORANDUM  OF  THE  OPINIONS  OF  SOME  MEMBERS  01? 

CONGRESS.  ' 

[HiaMllueoiu  Pftp«n  XXXIV.] 

Mr  Seely  Infonns  he  Spoke  to  several  members  of  Congres 
concerning  Cumberland  Gloucester  as  being  set  of  in  a  new  state 
Particularly  Coll.  Smith,  of  Philadelphia  and  M'  Shiman,  who 
thought  It  an  improper  Time  at  present,  to  take  up  an  affair  of 
such  a  nature,  however  deemed  it  ad^iseable  To  have  a  dele- 
gate at  New  York,  or  Philadelphia,  So  that  they  might  be  ready 
to  answer  for  themseves,  in  case  New  York  should  attempt  to 
have  a  confirmation  of  their  Claim  over  those  Counties,  and 
deem'd  it  advisable  to  avoid  signing  any  Instrument,  that  would 
by  any  Means,  Bind  them  to  New  York  so  that  they  Could  not 
renew  their  pretensions  a  future  day. 

[No  date;  prob.  1776.J 


M^i 


■1 


Mi  ^'^ 


« * 


«.-  * 


"AMES  CLAY  ESQ.  TO  MESSRS.  SESSIONS,  &c. 

'*  [  MbeelluteonaPapen  XXXVI.  ] 

Gentlemen  Col««>  Williams  has  Earnestly  Requested  me  to 
Call  the  County  Committee  and  the  field  offiserers  togetlier,  in 
order  to  Procure  Arms  for  those  that  haint  got  none,  which  the 
County  Committee  have  Already  Don  in  their  Instructions  to 
our  Delegates,  and  Col««>  Marsh  Informs  me  that  he  was  Like  to 
get  a  grant  of  money  from  the  Provincel  Congress,  sufficient  to 
Procure  three  Hundred  Arms,  for  the  Benefit  of  the  County, 
and  should  hay;  got  them,  had  it  not  been  for  that  Letter  which 
M'  Philips  and  some  others  Did  Prevail  upon  the  Committee  to 
send  to  New  York,  together  with  some  other  informations  tliey 
have  Received,  which  made  them  believe  that  we  were  agoing 
to  Revolt  from  them,  since  which  they  will  Do  nothing  for  us, 
untill  they  can  be  assured  that  we  have  no  such  intent, 
Now  by  the  advice  of  a  number  of  the  members  of  the  County 
Committee,  I  earnestly  Request  that  you  would  call  your 
town  together  that  you  may  know  their  minds  as  a  body, 


I? 


E 


ilE  MEMBEHS  OF 


embers  of  Congres, 
set  of  in  a  new  state 
nd  M' Shiman,  who 
take  up  an  affair  of 
ble  To  have  a  dele- 
they  might  be  ready 
:k  should  attempt  to 
those  Counties,  and 
istrument,  that  wonld 
,  that  they  Could  not 


SESSIONS,  &C. 

1.1 

jstly  Requested  me  to 
Loffiserers  together,  in 
it  got  none,  wliich  the 
their  Instructions  to 
le  that  he  was  Like  to 
Congress,  sufficient  to 
Jeneftt  of  the  County, 
in  for  that  Letter  which 
ipon  the  Committee  to 
jther  informations  they 
|ve  that  we  were  agoing 
all  Do  nothing  for  us, 
have  no  such  intent, 
Lembers  of  the  County 
,  you  would  call  your 
leir  minds  as  a  body, 


MIW  HAMPSHIRE  ORAim. 


928 


or  as  individuals,  wheather  they  Intend  to  Revolt  from 
the  State  of  New  York  or  not,  and  be  Pleas*  to  send  the 
Proceedings  of  your  Town  to  Westminster  by  your  County 
Committee,  at  their  next  setting  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  Novem- 
ber next,  that  the  County  Committee  may  be  able  to  send  to  the 
Provincal  Congress,  the  minds  of  the  Inhabitants  of  this 
Comity  in  this  Important  affair,  I  Beseach  of  you,  and  of  every 
member  of  this  Community,  to  act  Candidly  and  uprightly  hi 
in  an  affair  of  such  importance  as  this  is,  at  this  Critical  Time, 
your  Complyance  with  the  above  Request,  will  greatly  oblige  a 
number  of  the  County  Committee,  and  your  Humble  Servant 

James  Clay  Chairman. 
Putney  Sept' 26:  1776. 

To  the  Sub  Committee  in  the  Town  of  Putney.  ; 

P:  S:  I  sent  a  Letter  to  the  Sub  Committees  of  Every  Town 
In  the  County,  Desiering  them  to  meet  as  above  said,  and 
make  Returns,  and  but  fore  Towns  mat 
A  True  Coppy  Test 

James  Clay  Chairman 

of  the  County  Committee. 


'  ',*' 


» 


I  CLAY'S  STATEMENT  AS  TO  CERTAIN  PROCEEDINGS. 

[MiaoeUaneou  Papcn  XXXVI.] 

James  Clay,  Esq'  Informs  that  on  tlie  7'h  day  of  August  last 
Heman  Allen,  Doctor  Fay,  and  Col :  Marsh  came  as  a  Commit- 
tee from  the  other  side  of  the  Green  Mountains  To  Windsor  j 
vhen  the  Committees  of  Cumberland  &  Gloucester  were  setting 
at  that  place,  and  begged  to  be  admitted  before  the  Committees 
soon  after  they  were  admitted,  and  read  several  Papers,  some  of 
which  ascertain  the  Boundaries  they  proposed  for  a  New  State 
and  Invited  the  Committee  to  sign  a  Paper  they  liad  Consulted 
with  several  members  of  the  Continental  Congress  who  advised 
them  to  collect  the  sense  of  the  people  on  the  subject — that  the 


PI 

1 

l^^i '^^ 

•  .     ■ 

k- 

■  k- 


■■-J 

1! 

if 

**' .'; 

M 

f  ■' 


conmofKiuv  w^pwrnmo  the 


"iV 


Informant  asked  said  Allen  if  Ii«  supposed  the  Continental  Con- 
gcess  would  take  up  the  afifair  at  this  time  iu  case  the  people  did 
sign,  that  said  Allen  Aswered  no,  but  that  some  members  of 
Congress  advised  them  to  Petition — for  if  we  submitted  to  the 
mode  of  Government  now  forming  in  the  State  of  New  York 
wo  should  be  tied  so  that  we  could  not  get  off  in  a  future  day. 

James  Clay. 
Westminster  20*»'  Nov»  1776, 


i^? 


&  *^ 


fist    '''**'  ' 


*i. 


REMONSTRANCE  AGAINST  CONGRESS  AUTHORIZING 

OOLS  ALLEN  AND  WABMJta  TO  RAISE  TBOOVS  INDEPENDENT  OF  . 

NEW   YORK. 

■  'i 

Sir — I  beg  leave  to  mention  to  you,  that  it  is  nere  assertfrl 
and  generally  believed,  that  Congress  have  authorised  a  Colo. 
Warner  and  certain  other  officers  to  raise  a  regiment  in  this  State 
at  least  without  the  intervention  of  the  State.  This  measwe 
has  given  anxiety  and  disgust  to  several  of  tlie  first  characters 
in  jthe  State  wlio  have  ristjued  both  their  lives  and  fortunes 
in  its  defence.  If  such  a  regiment  was  necessary,  men  worthy 
of  confidence  might  have  been  found  to  raise  it  witli  at  least 
equal  success. 

It  is  believed,  sir,  by  some,  that  there  are  designs  of  indivi- 
duate at  least,  to  dismember  this  State.  The  appointments  abore 
mentioned,  if  such  there  are,  may  tend  to  this  end.  This  State 
is  of  great  importance  in  the  present  war;  witliout  the  aid  of  this 
Stete,  or  even  of  the  county  of  Albany  (exclusive  of  every  other 
part  of  it,)  the  war  could  not  be  supported  with  less  than  double 
the  present  expense,  if  it  could  be  supported  at  any  rate.  The 
Slate  will  not  submit  to  be  dismembered ;  and  11161*6  are  not 
\tanting  many  respectable  characters,  both  in  the  Senate  and  the 
American  army,  who  intimate  that  they  would  rather  submit  to 
a  Tyrant  at  3,000  mUes  distance,  than  to  avaricious  or  tyranni- 
cal neighbours. 

In  a  confidence,  j^r,  that  the  sentiments  of  the  people  even 
fxom  an  individual,  will  not  disoblige,  I  have  taken  tlie  liberty 


f. 


VSW  BAMFraiBB  «lUklfTi. 


WB9 


Continental  Con- 
186  the  people  did 
jome  members  of 
submitted  to  the 
ate  of  New  York, 
in  a  iViture  day. 
James  Clat. 


J  AT3TH0111Z1KG 

5  ^KDKPENDKNT  0¥ 

« 

it  it  is  nere  asserted 
e  authorised  a  Colo, 
regiment  in  this  State, 
State.    This  measure 
)i  i\\e  first  characters 
ir  lives  and  fortunes 
icessary,  men  worthy 
raise  it  with  at  least 

are  designs  of  indivi- 
le  appointments  abofve 
Ithis  end.    This  State 
Iwithouttheaidofthis 
\clusive  of  every  other 
i  with  less  tiian  double 
pted  at  any  rate.    The 
[ ;  and  tiiei-e  are  not 
,  in  the  Senate  and  the 
ifould  rather  submit  to 
[avaricious  or  tyranni- 

Its  of  the  people  even 
[have  taken  tlie  liberty 


j^tily  to  mention  part  of  those  I  have  heawl,  and  hope  y(m  will 
j^ive  this  private  letter  with  the  game  friendly  intention  wi* 
irhich  it  is  wipte. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be, 

With  great  tespeot  and  esteem,  tAt. 


-HtN- 


REPORT  TO  THE  NEW  YORK  COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETl 

Jan  20, 17n. 
[Bi]M«nMiMm»  PkyetB  XXXVl.j 

Your  Committee  to  whom  it  was  referred  to  consider  of  the 
State  of  the  Counties  of  Gloucester  Cnmherland  and  Charlotte 
beg  leave  to  report : 

That  violent  disputes  and  animosities  have  arisen  and  still 
subsist  within  the  said  Counties  by  Reason  of  sundry  unjust  and 
iniquitous  Pretensions  anciently  set  up  by  the  States  of  Massa- 
ehusets  and  New  Hampshire  against  certain  large  Tracts  of  Land 
witliin  the  known  Bounds  of  this  State. 

That  Sundry  Persons  have  intruded  into  those  Counties  by 
Virtue  of  Grants  and  Purchases  for  trifling  Considerations  under 
those  States  particularly  the  latter  and  have  taken  very  large 
and  valuable  Tracts  within  the  said  Counties. 

That  divers  of  tlroee  Persons  altho  repeatedly  offered  Patents 
for  the  Lands  by  them  occupied  by  the  late  Government  of  the 
Colony  of  New  York  have  obstinately  refused  to  receive  tlie 
same  under  Color  that  the  Fees  of  office  and  quit  Rents  were  too 
great  that  the  said  Lands  did  not  lie  within  this  State  and  othet 
frivolous  Pretences. 

That  many  widced  disaffected  and  turbulent  Persons  for  the 
Promotiou  of  their  own  private  Interest  and  other  sinister  and 
base  Designs  have  artfully  fomented  the  said  Animosities  wisely 
alledging  not  only  that  the  said  Counties  are  out  of  the  Bounds 
of  this  State  but  also  that  this  State  and  the  Government  thereof 
are  determined  to  oppress  harrass  and  impoverish  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  the  said  Counties  and  have  at  Length  incited  many  of 
them  to  disown  their  allegiance  to  this  State. 


m 


•;  ■  !■ 


\ .) 


a 


m 


OOjNTBOVKBSY  BESPECTINO  THK 


Ski 


W.  ^'\ 


'I-*' 


■•        . 


',t5 


»<l. 


# 


That  Persons  of  considerable  Rank  Influence  and  Authority 
in  the  neighbouring  States  are  deeply  concerned  in  the  said 
Designs  with  a  view  of  dismembring  this  State  and  for  that  Pur- 
pose have  promulgated  a  Report  that  it  is  the  Intention  of  the 
honorable  the  Continental  Congress  to  aid  and  assist  in  the  Inde- 
pendence of  the  said  Counties. 

That  such  Report  hath  received  great  weight  and  authority 
from  the  appointment  of  Seth  Warner  to  be  the  Colonel  of  a  Regi- 
ment to  be  raised  within  that  Part  of  this  State  and  to  appoint 
his  own  officers  independant  of  this  State  and  utterly  contrary 
to  the  usual  mode  of  appointment  in  such  cases  and  also  to  a 
Representation  made  by  tliis  Convention  of  the  eleventh  Day  of 
July  last. 

That  the  said  Seth  Warner  hath  been  principally  concerned 
in  divers  Riots  Outrages  and  Cruelties  committed  in  the  said 
Counties  in  direct  opposition  to  the  former  Government  of  this 
State  and  is  otherwise  utterly  unfit  to  command  a  Regiment  in 
the  Continental  Service.  From  which  and  from  sundry  other 
Facts  resting  within  their  knowledge  the  disaffected  Persons 
aforesaid  do  conclude  and  affirm  that  the  Congress  meant  by  the 
said  appointment  to  give  direct  and  ample  Testimony  of  their 
Intentions  to  protect  them  in  their  wicked  and  unjust  designs 
aforesaid. 

xhat  this  Convention  hath  not  only  advanced  considerable 
sums  of  money  for  the  Protection  of  the  said  Counties  in  common 
with  other  Parts  of  this  State  but  also  for  their  immediate  and 
particular  Defence  at  their  special  Instance  and  Request. 

That  the  Counties  aforesaid  are  of  great  Extent  and  Fertility 
forming  a  very  considerable  and  very  valuable  Part  of  this  Statei 
and  that  therefore  it  is  the  Duty  of  this  Convention  to  take  speedy 
and  vigorous  measures  for  reducing  them  to  an  obedience  to  the 
same. 

That  other  the  Inhabitants  of  this  State  are  greatly  and  justly 
alarmed  at  the  Proceedings  abovement<)  and  are  many  of  them 
determined  rather  to  submit  to  the  Tyranny  of  Great  Britain 
than  suffer  so  valuable  a  Territory  to  be  purloined  from  them 
as  they  do  consider  the  Proceedings  with  Respect  to  that  Country 
to  be  in  Consequence  of  a  deep  and  dangerous  Conspiracy  against 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


W! 


and  Authority 
id  In  the  said 
id  for  that  Pur- 
[ntentlon  of  the 
slstinthelnde- 

it  and  authority 
Colonel  of  a  Regi- 
I  and  to  appoint 
utterly  contrary 
ies  and  also  to  a 
)  eleventh  Day  of 

icipally  concerned 
nitted  in  the  said 
overnment  of  this 
ind  a  Regiment  in 
from  sundry  other 
disaffected  Persons 
igress  meant  by  the 
Testimony  of  their 
and  unjust  designs 

/anced  considerable 
[counties  in  common 
[heir  immediate  and 
ad  Request. 
Extent  and  Fertility 
ble  Part  of  this  Statei 
lention  to  take  speedy 
an  obedience  to  the 

Lre  greatly  and  justly 
d  are  many  of  them 
any  of  Great  Britain 
purloined  from  them 
Ipect  to  that  Country 

L  Conspiracy  against 


their  Rights  and  Privileges  frequently  intimated  in  the  earlier 
Part  of  the  Dispute  between  Great  Britain  «nd  America. 

That  unfill  the  Commencement  of  the  present  Contest  with 
Great  Britain  the  Inhabitants  of  Gloucester  and  Cumberland 
Counties  in  general  submitted  to  the  Jurisdiction  of  this  State 
ma«y  of  them  obtained  confirmations  of  Title  from  the  late 
Government  and  Justice  was  administered  by  magistrates  of  its 
appointment. 

That  the  Spirit  of  disaflFection  hath  been  now  extended  to 
those  Counties  thro  the  arts  and  misrepresentations  of  certain 
Inh9bitants  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  distinguishing  themselves 
by  the  name  of  Green  Mountain  Boys  and  others  the  Emissaries 
aforesaid. 

That  the  Congress  and  Conventions  of  this  State  have  contem- 
plated the  Effects  of  this  dangerous  Defection  with  silent  Concern 
i)eing  restrained  from  giving  it  efiectual  opposition  from  an 
apprehension  that  it  might  at  so  critical  a  Juncture  weaken  our 
Exertions  in  the  common  Cause. 

That  taking  advantage  of  this  patient  Forbearance  and  flattered 
by  the  strength  which  they  have  acquired  by  being  embodied 
into  a  Reg*  under  the  immediate  authority  of  the  .lon:  Conti 
Congress  in  Derogation  of  the  Rights  of  this  State  the  arrogance 
and  Presumption  of  the  said  Green  Mountain  Boys  and  their 
adherents  are  become  so  far  inflamed  that  they  have  lately  excited 
the  Inhabitants  of  several  Towns  within  those  Counties  to  join 
with  them  in  assuming  a  total  Independence  of  this  State  chusing 
a  mock  Convention  and  framing  a  Petition  to  Congress  for  its 
sanction  and  approbation  of  their  wicked  and  unprovoked  Revolt. 
•  That  the  Loss  of  so  great  a  Part  of  this  State  wiH  not  only 
oppress  the  Remainder  with  the  Payment  of  the  Enormous  Debts 
which  have  accrued  during  the  present  War  but  will  at  every 
fnture  Period  expose  it  as  to  be  intruded  into  &  overrun,  its 
Jurisdiction  to  be  denied  and  its  authority  set  at  Defiance. 

From  all  which  your  Committee  do  conclude  that  it  is  highly 
necessary  as  a  preliminary  step  to  the  quieting  of  the  aforesaid 
Disturbances  that  it  be 

Resolved  therefore  that  a  pressing  application  be  immediately 
made  to  the  hon  the  Congress  to  whose  Justice  the  said  Insurgents 


1-; 


I' 


'  i     * 


ii 


>• 

.  *i     - 

I 

i               V 

1 

COMTHOVBRSY  HKSPECTING  THE 


If'   I'. 

^1  ' 


{ lf#'^' 


f  f  I: 


*  V  1 


i  •» 


I' ''' '  •*  *»' 


?r  'I 


*■ 

J 

;#^ 

i 

_. 

*>|2'^t 

E  ^' 

i. 

i      %'     3 

m 

•     4 

4.- 


4ilive  appealed  and  on  whose  advice  they  pretend  to  rely  requit- 
ing them  to  Interpose  their  anthority  and  recommend  to  the  s<i 
•Insurgents  a  peaceable  submission  to  the  jurisdiction  of  this 
fitate  and  also  to  disband  the  said  Regiment  directed  to  be  raised 
•by  M'  Warner  as  tliis  Convention  hath  chearfUUy  and  voluntarily 
•undertaken  to  raise  a  Regiment  in  addition  to  the  Quota  assigned 
-for  this  State  by  Congress  have  opened  their  utmost  Resources 
to  the  wants  &  necessities  of  the  American  Army  have  a  very 
|[reat  proportion  of  their  militia  now  In  the  Field  &  are  heartily 
disposed  to  contribute  to  the  public  service  in  every  Respect  as 
far  as  the  Circumstances  and  abilities  of  the  State  will  permit, 
All  which  nevertheless  is  most  humbly  submitted. 


':  fy. 


HON.  A.  TEN  BROECK  TO  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  CONGRESS. 
Sir, 

I  am  directed  by  the  committee  of  safety  of  New  York,  to 
inform  Congress,  that  by  the  arts  and  influence  of  certain 
designing  men,  a  part  of  this  state  hath  been  prevailed  on  to 
revolt,  and  disavow  the  authority  of  its  legislature. 

It  is  our  misfortune  to  be  wounded  so  soon,  sens!  bly,  while  we 
are  making  our  utmost  exertions  in  tlie  common  cause.  The 
various  evidences  and  informations  we  have  received,  would 
lead  us  to  believe,  that  persons  of  great  influence  in  some  of  our 
sister  states,  have  fostered  and  fomented  these  divisions,  in  order 
to  dismember  this  state,  at  a  time  when,  by  the  inroads  of  our 
common  enemy,  we  were  supposed  to  be  incapacitated  from 
defending  our  just  claims :  but  as  these  informations  tend  to 
accuse  some  members  of  your  honorable  body  of  being  concerned 
in  this  scheme,  decency  obliges  us  to  suspend  our  belief. 

The  Congress  will,  doubtless,  remember,  that  so  long  ago  a^ 
in  the  month  of  July  last,  we  complained  of  the  great  injury 
done  us  by  appointing  officers  within  this  state,  without  our 
consent  or  approbation.  We  could  not  then,  nor  can  we  now, 
perceive  the  reason  of  such  disadvantageous  discrimination 
between  this  state  and  its  neighbors.    We  have  been  taught  to 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


m 


nd  to  rely  request" 
)mmend  to  the  8'» 
irisdlctlon  of  this 
Irected  to  be  raised 
illy  and  voluntarily 
» the  Quota  assigned 
r  utmost  Resources 
Army  have  a  very 
Field  &  are  heartily 
in  every  Respect  as 
e  State  will  permit, 
ibinitted. 


.Ul  i'  ■ 


)ENT  OF  CONGRESS. 

fety  of  New  York,  to 

influeuce  of  certain 

been  prevailed  on  to 

igislature. 

', on,  sensibly,  while  ve 

common  cause.  The 
have  received,  would 
ifluenceinsomeofour 
fhese  divisions,  in  order 

by  the  inroads  of  our 

be  incapacitated  from 
informations  tend  to 

»ody  of  being  concerned 

pend  our  belief. 
^er,  that  so  long  ago  as 
ned  of  the  great  injury 
ithis  state,  without  our 
t  then,  nor  can  we  now, 
\tageous  discrimination 
ebave  been  taught  to 


believe  that  each  of  the  t7nlt€d  States  is  entitled  to  equal  rights: 
In  vhat  manner  the  rights  of  New- York  have  been  forfeited  we 
are  at  a  loss  to  discover.  Although  we  have  never  received  an 
answer  to  our  last  letter  on  this  subject ;  yet  did  hope  that  no 
fresh  ground  of  complaint  would  have  been  offered  us. 

The  convention  are  sorry  to  observe,  that  by  conferring  a 
commission  upon  Col.  Warner,  with  authority  to  name  the 
officers  of  a  regiment  to  be  raised  independent  of  the  legislature 
of  this  state,  and  within  that  p8rt  which  hath  lately  declared  an 
independence  upon  it,  congress  hath  given  but  too  much  weight 
to  the  insinuations  of  those  who  pretend,  that  your  honorable 
body  are  determined  to  support  these  insurgents  ;  especially  as 
this  Col.  Warner  hath  been  constantly  and  invariably  opposed 
to  the  legislature  of  this  state,  and  hath'  been  outlawed  by  the 
late  government  thereof.  However  confiding  in  tite  honor 
and  justice  of  the  great  council  of  America,  hope  that  you  have 
been  surprised  into  this  measure. 

By  order  of  the  house.  Sir,  I  enclose  you  their  resolution  upoA 
the  important  subject  of  this  letter  :  and  I'm  further  to  observe, 
that  it  is  absolutely  necessary  to  recal  the  commissions  given  to 
Col.  Warner  and  the  officers  under  him ;  as  nothing  else  will  do 
justice  to  us,  and  convince  these  deluded  people,  that  Congress 
have  not  been  prevailed  on  to  assist  in  dismembering  a  state, 
which,  of  all  others,  has  suffered  most  in  the  common  cause. 
The  King  of  Great  Britain  hath,  by  fojfciB  of  arnis,  taken  from 
us  five  counties  ;  and  an  atteinpt  is  made,  in  the  midst  of  our 
distresses,  to  purloin  from  us  thtfee  other  counties.  We  must 
consider  the  persons  coii<^rned  in  such  designs,  as  open  enemies 
of  this  state,  and,  in  consc^ene^,  of  all  America.  To  maintain 
our  jurisdiction  over  our  own  subjeicts  is  becomi  indispensibly 
necessary  to  the  authority  of  the  convention ;  nor  will  any  thing 
less  silence  the  plausible  arguments  by  which  the  di8affect4>d 
delude  our  constituents,  and  alienate  them  froni  the  common 

On  the  success  of  our  efforts  in  this  respect,  depends,  too  proba- 
bly, even  the  power  of  the  convention.  It  is  become  a  common 
reiiaik  in  ttie  mouths  of  our  most  zealous  friends,  that  if  the 
state  is  to  be  rent  assunder,  and  its  jurisdiction  subverted,  to 

Vol.  IV.  69 


i,i 


i^  I 


080 


OOMTROVKRIY   RUFECTINO  THK 


gratify  its  deluded  and  disorderly  subjects,  it  is  a  folly  to  hazard 
tlieir  lives  and  fortunes  in  a  contest  which,  in  every  event  must 
terminate  in  their  ruin.  I  have  the  honour  to  be,  with  great 
respect  your  most  obedient  and  very  humble  servant, 

(By  order,)        A.  Tew  Broeck,  p. 
January  20  1777. 
Hon.  John  Hancock,  Esq.,  President,  &c. 


mmm 


'l:i 


It. «    j^ 


I*!  ^' 


J       * 


t  » 


I 


i'»T*r       *     • 


1 


n 


GENL  JACOB  BAILEY  TO  THE  PRESIDENT  OP  THE 
:     '        •    :■     NEW  YORK  CONVENTION. 

.i!!     u\   h>  [NlMtllMMMU  PaiMn  XXZVin.] 

,,  ,       -.-«•   .,!    ,j,.  Kjio  'r  7.         Newberry,  Febr.  19t>>,  1777, 
Dear  Brethren, 

With  the  utmost  Concern  for  the  Publick  welfare  of  the 
United  States,  and  this  in  particular  I  take  my  Pen  to  write  when 
I  consider  the  Absolute  nessecty  of  an  Intiere  Union  of  all  the 
Friends  to  truth  the  American  cause  I  mean  and  when  I  see  all 
the  Friends  of  hell  Combined  and  using  all  their  Deiabolicall  Arts 
to  Disunite  us  and  now  the  Deivil  as  usuall  at  the  last  efforts  of 
Changing  thomselves  into  angles  of  light  now  pleading  you  were 
abused  by  the  State  of  N,  Y,  they  having  taken  away  your 
property  Imposed  upon  you  in  every  shape  you  having  nothing 
better  to  expect  than  as  heretofore.  Now  is  the  time  to  separate 
&c  and  so  &r  has  this  timptation  prevailed  that  a  number  I 
(not  from  this  County)  has  declared  Independacy  of  the  State 
of  N.  Y^.,'  and  the  Committee  of  Dorset  has  Directed  a 
Convention  of  all  the  New  H'.  Grants  to  meet  at  Dorset 
to  All  up  by  Draft  or  Raising  a  bounty  Collo  Warnersl 
Reg*,  houever  Incooistant  to  there  own  plann  I  Supose  tkel 

'    1 A  convention  of  Delegates  purporting  to  be  fVom  the  seTeral  towns  udl 
eoanties  in  the  New  Hampshire  grants  was  held  at  Westminster  on  the  IStlf 
January,  1777,  when  a  Declaration  of  Independence  was  agreed  to,  and  it  vai 
resolved  that  the  new  State  should  hereafter  be  called  "  by  the  name  of  Neij 
Connecticut."— Appendix  to  Prof.  J.  D.  Butltr'i  Jiidru$}  tn  PamfhUit,  Vol\ 
22,  in  N.  r.  atatt  Lib. 


0 


Is  a  folly  to  hazard 
i  every  event,  must 
ir  to  be,  with  great 
I  servant, 
TfiS  BaoKCK,  P. 


SSIDENT  OF  THE 
ION. 

rryjFebMft^NH''''' 

Publick  weltare  of  the 
ke  my  Pen  to  write  when 
Intlere  Union  of  all  the 
Lean  and  when  1  see  aU 
fall  their  Delabolicall  Arts 
]uaU  at  the  last  efforts  of 
>t  now  pleading  you  were 
saving  taken  away  your 
hapeyou  having  nothing 
owls  the  time  to  separate 

Irevalled  that  a  number 
Independkcy  of  the  SUte 
^   Dorset  has  Directed  a 
Its  to  meet   at  Dorset 
bounty   Collo  Warners 
,wii  plana  I  Supose  the 

Ive  from  the  «5vera\towi«.tJ 
i  4  called  "by  the  name ^^^ 


iUi'.*^ 


)tv^i 


.;!  ■• 


VBtr  RAMMHIKB  OaAllTf. 


931 


Chiefif  of  Cumberland  will  Join  none  from  us.  but  which  way 
for  us  to  steer  I  know  not  I  know  the  Congress  will  not  contlen- 
ance  them  In  there  Independence,  we  are  at  the  greatest  distance 
of  anie  of  this  State  we  are  Willing  to  be  Subject  to  N.  Y.  but  had 
Bather  be  some  what  handier  to  the  Seat  of  Gov"  as  we  realey 
gee  the  want  of  it  I  have  heard  I  was  chosen  to  waite  on  the 
Cougress  in  behalf  of       I  am  also  desiered  by  the  Committees 
to  apply  to  Congress  through  our  own  assembleys  for  Proetectlon 
can  I  come  to  you  as  our  assembly  or  not  I  'cahnot  as  New 
Connecttucte  waite  on  the  Congress  whither  as  the  case  Stands 
vre  had  not  better  be  ordered  to  do  dutey  with  Boston  or  N.  H. 
I  am  afralde  not  from  anie  thing  heard  Paide  but  the  naturall 
Concequence  that  these  C  >unties  are  in  «ianger  of  Ministerial! 
proetection  the  heads  of  (he  Gieen  men  were  with  me  in  Nov. 
they  Insisted  much  on  my  JoynUig  1 1  jjiVised  but  tcM  them  first 
to  petition  our  own  Congrv  ss  whitli  they  s  .d  should  be  done 
the  Itf"*  Jan',  which  I  thot  would  bring  then,  to  yow  with  hopes 
some  measures  would  then  be  used  to  htA  old  D^  >cultys  but 
the  Reverse  hapned  at  that  meeting,. 

I  should  have  waited  on  you  beijre  now  hut  I  really  expe<  J-*''. 
Col*.  Alcot  was  with  you  I  shall  attend  as  soon  as  Possiable  I 
should  think  the  men  raised  under  Hossington  should  be  Paid  and 
kept  for  Servise  if  not  held  none  be  Paid  but  them  that  has  done 
real  Servise  that  will  not  be  mucli,  but  if  they  are  continued 
they  may  be  servisable  in  future  if  the  whole  money  is  sent  and 
all  that  will  muster  to  be  Paid  and  care  taken  that  no  more 
Billeting  is  paid  than  has  been  in  Servise. 

Tho  the  Frontiers  this  way  has  seemed  to  leave  you  yet  you  t 
will  ever  care  for  the  »  ^  Is  I  think  that  ever  and  an  army  of  ' 
observation  is  wanted  htr^  it  is  now  both  on  acc^  of  Internal  as  ) 
well  as  External  Enemys  you  will  advise  as  you  think  best  and 
rely  you  will  do  evtiy  thing  for  the  good  of  the  whole  without 
haviDg  any  regr^rc*  to  Private  views    I  am  Gent", 

Tour  most  obedient  <<  ^i        ;  .:  } 

V-  >.*<     Humble  servant, 

Jacob  Bayley. 


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COMTBOTXBST  lUPKOnira  THE 


»  *. 


#- 


HON.  A.  TEN  BROECK,  TO  THE  PRESIDENT  OP  CONGRESS. 

[March  1*,  1777.] 
Sir, 

The  inclosed  letters  and  resolntions  were  proposed  some  time 
since ;  but  for  reason  with  which  you  need  not  be  troubled, 
were  delayed — some  late  proceeding!!  of  the  disafifected  within 
this  state,  occasions  their  now  being  transmitted.      '^ 

am  directed  to  infiM'm  yon,  that  the  convention  are  engaged 
in  establishing  a  firm  and  permanent  system  of  government. 
When  this  important  business  is  accomplished,  they  will  dis- 
patch a  satisfactory  state  of  their  boundaries,  and  the  principles 
on  which  they  are  founded,  for  the  information  of  Congress.  In 
the  mean  time,  they  depend  upon  the  justice  of  your  honorable 
house,  in  adopting  every  wise  and  salutary  expedient  to  suppress 
the  mischiefs  that  must  ensue  to  this  state  and  the  general  con- 
federacy, from  the  unjust  and  pernicious  project  of  such  of  the 
in'iabitantsof  New  York  as,  merely,  from-  selfish  and  interested 
motives,  have  fomented  this  dangerous  insurrection  The 
Congress  may  be  assured,  that  the  spirit  of  defection,  notwith- 
standing all  the  arts  and  violence  of  the  seducers,  is,  by  no 
means,  general.  The  county  of  Gloucester,  and  a  very  great 
part  of  Cumberland  and  Charlotte  counties,  continue  steadfast 
in  their  allegiance  to  this  gbvernment.  Brigadier  Gen.  Bayley's 
letter,  a  copy  of  which  is  inclosed,  will  be  a  sufficient  proof  of 
the  temper  of  the  people  of  Gloucester  county.  Charlotte  and 
Cumberland  continue  to  be  represented  in  convention ;  and, 
from  very  late  information,  we  learn,  that  out  of  eighty  members 
which  were  expected  to  have  attended  the  mock  convention  of 
the  deluded  subjects  of  this  stati*,  twenty  only  attended. 

We  are  informed  by  good  authority,  that  Col.  Warner  was 
directed  by  the  general,  to  send  forward  his  men,  as  he  should 
enlist  them,  to  Tyconderoga ;  notwithstanding  which,  it  appear- 
ed, by  a  return  from  thenee,  not  long  siuce,  that  only  twenty 
four  privates  had  reached  that  post-  j  nor  is  tJiere  the  least  pros- 
pect of  his  raising  a  number  of  men  which  can  be  an  object  of 
public  concern — though  instead  of  confining  himself  to  the 
Green  Mountain,  as  we  understand  was  the  intention  of  the 


->i 


ITEW  HAMP8RIRX  OHlim. 


038 


[OP  CONGRESS, 
arch  1*,  l'77''.l 

■oposed  some  time 
,  not  be  troubled, 
disaffected  within 

ted.       '      '  '  ■ 
ention  are  engaged 
Bin  of  government, 
shed,  they  will  dis- 
j,  and  the  principles 
[on  of  Congress.    In 
je  of  your  honorable 
.Tipedient  to  suppress 
and  the  general  con- 
.loject  of  such  of  the 
selfish  and  interested 

insurrection      The 
of  defection,  notwith- 
5  seducers,  is,  by  no 
rter,  and  a  very  great 
ies,  continue  steadfast 
rigadier  Gen.  Bayley's 
',e  9  sufRcient  proof  ot 
.onnty.    Charlotte  and 

in  convention;  and, 
lout  of  eighty  members 
le  mock  convention  01 

only  attended. 

that  Col.  Wamer^« 

his  men,  as  he  should 
..ding  which,  it  appear- 
since,  that  only  tweM 

is  faere  the  least  pros^ 
ich  can  be  an  object  0^^ 

',nftning  himself  to  i^^ 
,8  the  intentioii  o.  *e 


bodonntble  Congress,  he  has  had  the  advantages  of  Acruiting  in 
Albany  and  other  places. 

The  convention  beg  to  know  what  pay  the  honourable  Congress 
have  allowed  for  the  offioMfs  and  privates  of  the  troops  of  horse, 
;*ho  were  employed  In  the  last  campaign,  in  the  service  of  the 
United  States.^I  have  the  honour  to  be,  with  great  respect, 
Sir,  your  most  obedient  Servant, 

(By  order,)  A.  Ten  Broeck,  P. 

Hon.  John  Hancock,  Esq.  President y  4rc. 


-V-  ^ 


K.'ij 


^'^\'*.<    t-r.'**!       ■  l^w'ii  V  V,- 


.'  f:^^        r-. 


BRIEF  CONSIDERATIONS  ON  THE  SUBJECT  OF 

THE  INDEPENDENCE  OF  VERMONT. 
{HiaoeUaneooB  Papen  XXXIV.] 

1»  Would  it  no*  be  proper  that  Congress  shoidd  first  determine 
the  Jurisdiction  as  the  people  of  those  Counties  are  willing  to 
submit  it  to  them. 

2«J  Would  not  the  taking  of  the  Quitrent  unasked  appear  as 
if  we  were  purchasing  Those  people  to  a  compliance,  and  would 
therefore  take  away  the  merit  of  such  an  action  and  seem  as  if 
we  doubted  our  Jurisdiction  over  those  Counties. 

3^  As  the  legislative  body  of  the  State  will  soon  be  formed 
will  it  not  be  more  proper  to  submit  it  to  their  decision,  than  a 
Committee  of  Safety,  a  small  part  of  a  body  chosen  by  the 
people  for  the  sole  purposes  of  framing  a  Government  a  body 
who  liitherto  has  regulated  no  more  of  the  Internal  policy  of 
the  State,  than  thei-e  was  an  absolute  and  Immediate  necessity 
for. 

4ti'  Would  it  not  be  proper  to  call  the  principal  people  of 
those  Counties  before  this  house  hear  their  Complaints  and  know 
the  Terms  they  are  authorized  to  settle  upon. 

5'h  liave  not  many  of  the  harapshlre  Grants  been  forfeited  by 
the  Grantees  is  it  equitable  to  confirm  tlieir  titles  in  preference 
to  a  just  one,  tho  theirs  be  of  an  older  date.  '     '■'''''"' 

6'h  [Repetition  of  No.  2.|-  *^''"    ' '  "   '' '''-"-  ^^''  '    '  ''  •*  '' 


4*^  = 


/ 


9U 


OOMTROTBBST  RUPKCTING  THK 


7U>  Are  we  not  rather  precipitate  in  giving  up  so  great  a 
reyenue  at  a  time  we  are  not  assured  it  will  have  the  desired 
effect  upon  the  receivers. 

8^  Many  in  those  Counties  hold  lands  under  New  York  br 
purchase  of  officers  rights,  which  together  with  the  tees  comes 
very  high  to  them,  in  what  manner  is  it  to  be  setled  when  Tenants 
under  those  people  and  others  under  New  hampshire  are  setled 
on  the  same  lands. 


s>,,» 


li  • 


it    » <%, 


THOMAS  YOUNG  TO  THE  PEOPIE  OF  THE  GRANTS. 

[WaMlIaiMoiu  PapenZZXIV.] 

.     Philadelphia  April  lltb  1777. 
Gentlemen, 

Numbers  of  you  are  knowing  to  the  zeal  with  which  I  have 
exerted  myself  in  your  Behalf  from  the  Beginning  of  this 
struggle  with  the  New  York  Monopolizers.  As  the  Supreme 
Arbiter  of  Right  has  smiled  on  the  just  Cause  of  North  America 
at  large,  you  in  a  peculiar  Manner  have  been  highly  favored. 
God  has  done  by  you  the  best  Thing  commonly  done  for  bur 
species.    He  has  put  it  fairly  in  your  power  to  help  yourselves. 

i  have  taken  the  Minds  of  several  of  the  leading  members  in  the 
Honorable  Continental  Congress,  and  can  assure  you  that  you  have 
Nothing  to  do  but  send  attested  Copies  of  the  Recommendation 
to  take  up  government  to  every  Township  in  your  District,  and 
invite  all  your  Freeholders  and  Inhabitants  to  meet  in  their 
respective  Townships  and  chuse  Members  for  a  General  ConTen- 
tion,  to  meet  at  an  early  Day  to  chuse  Delegates  for  the  General 
Congress  or  Committee  of  Safety,  and  to  form  a  Constitution  for 
your  State. 

Your  Friends  here  tell  me  that  some  are  in  Doubt  whether 
Delegates  from  your  District  would  be  admitted  into  Congress.  I 
tell  you  to  organize  fairly,  and  make  the  experiment,  and  I  wiV 
ensure  you  Success  at  the  Risque  of  my  Reputation,  as  a  Man 
•f  Honor  or  Common  Sense,  Indeed  they  can  by  no  Means  refuse 


4^  3     . 


I    i 


:r 


NSW  BAMPSBIBX  GKAMTf. 


935 


jg  up  80  great  a 
have  the  desired 

[cr  New  York  by 
th  the  tees  comes 
)tled  when  Tenants 
npshire  are  setled 


i 


THE  GUANTS. 


la  April  U«'  H'"'- 


1  with  which  I  have 
le  Beginning  of  this 
^9  As  the  Supreme 
^U8C  of  North  America 

been  highly  favored, 
.mmonly  done  for  t)ur 

rer  to  help  yourselves. 

[eading  members  in  the 

jureyouthatyouhavc 

the  Becoromendation 

in  your  District,  and 

Jits  to  meet  in  their 

for  a  General  Conven- 

legates  for  the  General 
form  a  Constitution  for 

are  in  Doubt  whether 
kitted  into  Congress. 
Lperiment,andI>JiV 

K  Beputotion,  as  a  M^ 
canby  no  Means  refuse 


you.    Tou  have  as  good  a  Right  to  ohuse  how  you  will  be 
governed  and  by  whom,  as  they  had.  > >  <  i>  > 

Ihav«  recommended  to  your  Committee  the  festitution  of 
Pennsylvania  for  a  Model,  which  with  a  very  little  alteration,  will, 
in  my  opinion,  come  as  near  perfection  as  any  thing  yet  concerted 
by  Mankind.  This  Constitution  has  been  sifted  with  all  the 
Criticism  that  a  Band  of  Despots  were  masters  of,  and  has  bid 
defiance  to  their  united  powers..  The  alteration  I  would  recont- 
niend  is,  that  all  the  Bills  intended  to  be  passed  into  Laws  should 
be  laid  before  the  Executive  Board  for  their  perusal  and  propo- 
sals of  amendment.  All  the  Difference  between  such  a  Consti- 
tution and  those  of  Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island,  In  the  grand 
outlines  is  that  in  one  Case  the  Executive  power  can  advise  and 
in  the  other  compel.  For  my  own  part  I  esteem  the  people  at 
la^e  the  true  proprietors  of  Oovemmental  power.  They  are 
the  supreme,  constituent  power,  and  of  Course  their  immediate 
Representatives  are  the  supreme  Delegate  power ;  and  as  soon 
as  the  delegate  power  gets  too  far  out  of  the  Hands  of  the 
constituent  power,  a  Tyranny  is  in  some  degree  established. 

Happy  are  you  in  laying  the  Foundation  of  a  new  Govern- 
ment, you  have  a  Digest  drawn  from  the  purest  Fountains  of 
Antiquity,  and  improved  by  the  Readings  and  observations  of 
the  great  Doctor  Franklin,  David  Rittenhouse  Esq'  and  others. 
I  am  certain  you  may  build  on  such  a  Basis  a  System,  which  will 
transmit  Liberty  &  Happiness  to  posterity. 

Let  th<)  scandalous  practice  of  bribing  Men  l^y  places  Commis- 
sions &*»  be  held  in  Abhorrence  among  you,  By  entrusting  only 
Men  of  Capacity  and  Integrity  in  public  Affairs,  and  by  obliging 
even  the  best  Men  to  fall  into  the  common  Mass  of  the  people 
every  year,  and  be  sensible  of  their  Need  of  the  popular  good 
Will  to  sustain  their  political  Importance,  is  your  Liberties  well 
secured.  These  plans  effectually  promise  this  Security.  May 
almighty  God  smile  upon  your  arduous  and  important  under- 
taking and  inspire  you  with  that  Wisdom,  public  Spirit  &  una- 
nimity which  ensures  success  in  the  most  hazardous  Enterprizes. 
I  am  Gentlemen 

Your  sincere  Friend  k  hble  Servant 

Thomas  Young. 


i     Sj 


,'    ! 


<x>ffmf'yifW(  mmmmarHK 


1  ,f 


^^^; 


Nit 


»  «( 


•'*■•  •»   <'  -^^    s  -'■•••  '■■'  AwwLia,  1777. 

Your  committee  have  o\4(4ned  for  you  a  copy  of  the  recom. 
jpe^dft^^p  ,flf  <?oijigreiw>  to  aU  such  bodys  of  men  as  looked  upon 
,^^i^9,elj;^  iseturn^  ,tQ  a  stf^te  of  nature,  to  adopt  such  govern- 
jj^^^t  a^.9i^9^d,  in  the  op^n^pft  pf  the  rq)resentative8  of  the  people, 
t!«s^?on4ttpe  to  fj^e  hwpinpfls  ^^  s«&ty  of  their  constituents  in 
ji;>j^rticv%  ftn4  Xnj,eri<?ft  in  g«|nei:^. 

J^Y  ffl^y*  m)^mo  ^W^  strange,  th^t  nothing  ftirther  is  done 
^  ypu,  ^t  *h^  tim^,  than  to  sen4  you  this  extract;  but  if  you 
f^^^^,  tii^(  tji^l  you  Jucprpoyfite  ^nd  actually  announce  to 
fi9ffK«;e^?  yQ|ir  living  b^cpn»e  ^  body  politic,  they  cannot  tw«t 
y0^  ypii  ^  a  free  state.  While  New-York  claims  you  as  sub- 
\ff^  of  (half  government,  my  humble  opinion  is,  your  o^n  good 
^n^  wjljl  smuggest  to  you,  thut  do  time  is  to  he  lost  in  availing 
y^ur^^yes  of  the  a»u^e  opportunity  your  assuming  naistresa  is 
j|)){|^py;^g  to  estab]J3h  a  don^nion  for  herself  and  yo,u  too.  i 
^^,.^  ^01*4  to  the  wis/t  is  student.  Tdomas  Young. 


'idJi 


,;^.i  V"' 


PjgCJMlAHON  BY  THE  PEOPLE  AT  BRATTLEBOROUGH, 

OF  TH|:iR  ALLEGIANCE  TO  THE  STATE  OF  NEW   YORK. 
[KiMelUneona  Papers  XXXIX.] 


ajr.; 


r   i 


BrattJeborough  Aprul  25  1777 
To  Israel  Smith  Esq'  of  Srattleborough  in  the  County  of  Gum- 
berJ^pd  and  State  of  New  York — You  being  appointed  by  tliig 
Town,  to  Represent  the  Different  Circumstances  this  Town  is 
Under  by  means  of  the  Factions  which  Prevals  in  this  and  the 
Neighboring  Counties — We  the  Subscribers  being  appointed  a 
^pfpmitte  for  the  Purpose  of  Giving  You  insinuations— do  instruct 
you  as  Followeth,  (viz)  that  you  Represent  that  a  Number  of 
Persons  Calling  them  Selves  the  Representitives  of  the  County 
in  Conjunction  with  those  Call'd*  the  Green  Mountain  Boys  met 
at  Westminster  in  January  Last  and  DecJ^red  the  Land  known 
by  the  Name  of  the  Newharapshiie  Qr^ts  a  Seperate  indepen- 
dent State  that  Not  half  the  Towns  in  this  County  ware  Repre- 


•I* 


AwwL  la,  1777. 
copy  of  the  recom- 
men  as  looked  upon 
•  adopt  such  govern- 
lutivea  of  the  people, 
their  constituents  in 

itblng  further  is  done 
I  extract;  but  if  you 
actually  announce  to 
tic,  tlvey  cannot  treat 
k  claims  you  as  sub- 
uon  is,  yonr  ovn  good 
i  to  be  lost  in  avaUing 
r  assuming  mistress  is 
•self  and  yow  too. 
Thomas  Yousg. 


I' 


BRATTLEBOROUGH, 

re  OF  NEW   YORK. 
IX.1 

.rough  Aprul  26  1777 
bin  the  County  of  Cum- 

>eing  appointed  by  tlds 
imstances  this  Town  is 
Prevals  in  this  and  the 
ibers  being  appointed  a 
in^pptions— do  instruct 
[espnt  that  a  Number  of 
.ntitives  of  the  County 
.•een  Mountain  Boys  met 
eclwed  the  Land  known 
^ts  a  Seperate  indepen- 
this  County  ware  Repre- 


xi  jKVff  iuM9Miiiu(  mArnn, 


93V 


i^tQ^  in  this  meetlng-T-tbat  aU  the  People  in  this  To^  am 
Loyal  to  the  State  of  New  York  and  thiak  themselves  in  duty 
Bound  to  Eut  in  Execution  all  orders  of  the  Contennental  and 
this  State  Congressr-and  that  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  Committee 
that  the  Greater  Part  of  the  Beoiple  in  the  County  who  own 
Pfopity  are  so— that  these  Factions  we  Carried  so  high  in  Some 
Parts  of  the  County  it  |s  dftngrqus  spej*king  against  a  New  State-- 
tl^at  you  Wform  the  Ccxnyention  of  the  many  Biflculties  that  have 
^sisted  in  tW  Coi^ty  some  years  back 

OfiAmAH  Wblls 
5kxb  Skuth 
Samll  Wabriner 

IjMES  BlAKESLEB 

JotfN  Griffin 
(Endorsed)    Instructions  for  Israel  Smith  Esq 
their  Representativeu 


|*jli  M.^*  Hi  <■ 


"^^ 


REPORT  TO  iHE  N.  T.  PRQV.  CONGRESS  ON  THE 

NEW  HAMPSHIBiE  <Ql«,A»TS  9QA. 
[Viao«UfnieoD9  P»pen  XXXVH;.] 

four  Committee  directed  to  eonfer  with  Israel  Smith  ageat 
from  the  Township  of  Brattlehorough  beg  leave  to  report. 

That  the  said  Israel  Smith  haUi  informed  your  Committee  that 
the  Township  of  Brattleborough  aforesaid  labours  under  many 
Inconveniences  and  Disadvantages  some  of  which  are  common 
to  the  Counties  of  Cumberland  Gloucester  &  Charlotte  others 
peculiar  to  some  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  lirst  of  the  said 
Counties  and  particularly  the  Township  aibresaid. 

Among  the  former  kind  the  ^st  in  order  is  the  uncertainty 
of  Titles  to  Land  within  the  said  Counties  arising  from  the 
Peculiarities  of  their  first  Settlement  L  Cultivation  too  numerous 
to  recite  in  this  Report.  By  reason  of  which  uncertainty  unless 
some  mode  is  adopted  by  the  Legislature  for  the  quieting  of 


1  * 


I 


K    «-?' 


i     h 


938 


OOHTBOyBBSy  BUPKCriNG  Tm 


F'*L  -   Li 
ll'  '  t 

PV  'I  *, 

■  "it  i 


h : '^:i 


i'   ' 


,.l 


^W 


,! 


if 


hi  ,  *^ 


IM» 


.  't 


».%^ 
.<[•  » 


Titles  many  of  the  honest  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Counties 
must  be  ruined  by  legal  Contests  with  each  other.  ] 

The  second  is  the  Defect  of  Title  under  this  State  which  in 
some  instances  could  not  be  obtained  from  the  former  Govern- 
ment by  Reason  of  prior  Grants  and  other  Circumstances  which 
it  may  not  be  proper  to  mention  and  which  in  other  Instances 
was  attended  with  such  enormous  Expence  as  to  deter  many 
who  would  otherwise  have  exerted  themselves  to  procure  it.  An 
Evil  which  cannot  be  fully  obviated  but  by  some  general  act  for 
the  Confirmation  of  Lands  within  the  said  Counties. 

The  third  general  Inconvenience  complained  of  is  the  Distance 
of  the  said  Counties  from  the  former  Seat  of  Government.  By  rea- 
son whereof  the  obtaining  of  Justice  is  on  the  one  Hand  rendered 
laborious  tedious  and  expensive  to  the  Inhabitants  and  on  the 
other  the  Influence  of  the  said  Government  over  such  Inhabit- 
ants is  weak  and  disipated.  From  whence  results  a  want  of 
Energy  &  vigor  in  the  administration  to  the  great  Encouragement 
of  the  lawless  and  wicked  &  to  the  utter  Distress  and  Ruin  of  all 
loyal,  peaceable  and  good  subjects.    But 

The  fourth  general  Inconvenience  and  which  furnishes  the 
broadest  Ground  of  Clamor  and  Complaint  is  the  Exaction  of 
heavy  Quit  Rents  for  the  Lands  within  the  said  Counties  which 
they  consider  as  an  Innovation  upon  the  Rights  of  Mankind  for 
whose  use  such  Lands  were  given  by  a  bountiful  Providence 
without  reservation  and  which  ought  not  in  their  opinion  to  be 
charged  with  Taxes  other  than  for  the  general  Support  &  Defence 
of  the  State  and  Government.  Besides  this  they  observe  that 
the  Regulation  is  extremely  Partial  since  thereby  Lands  of  the 
greatest  value  both  as  to  Quality  &  Situation  pay  no  Part  of  a 
Tax  which  fadls  heavy  upon  the  Possessors  of  a  rough  or  even 
mountainous  Country  remote  from  the  means  of  obtaining  large 
supplies  of  money  for  discharging  this  unequal  and  of  Conse- 
quence inequitable  Impost.  And  to  this  they  add  that  such 
Quit  Rents  generally  fall  heavy  upon  the  poor  man  who  purchases 
a  small  Farm  and  who  is  burthened  not  only  with  paying  all  the 
arrearages  due  upon  it  but  liable  to  be  turned  out  and  liave  his 
Property  sold  by  tlie  Laws  of  this  State  to  pay  the  Quits  of  af 


i 


5 


!  the  said  Counties 
other. 

'  this  State  which  in 
1  the  former  Govern- 
Clrcumstances  which 
>h  in  other  Instances 
ice  as  to  deter  many 
vcs  to  procure  it.    An 
y  some  general  act  for 
L  Ck)untie8. 

iined  of  is  the  Distance 
['Government.  Byrea- 
the  one  Hand  rendered 
nhabitants  and  on  the 
ent  over  such  Inhablt- 
ence  results  a  want  of 
lie  great  Encouragement 
Distress  and  Ruin  of  all 

nd  which  furnishes  the 
iaint  is  the  Exaction  of 
[the  said  Counties  which 
Rights  of  Mankind  for 
a  bountiful  Providence 
lot  in  their  opinion  to  be 
tneral  Support  &  Defence 
!8  this  they  observe  that 
ice  thereby  Lands  of  the 
;uation  pay  no  Part  of  a 
isors  of  a  rough  or  even 
Imeans  of  obtaining  larqe 
^  unequal  and  of  Conse- 
thls  they  add  that  such 
poor  man  who  purchases 
ft  only  with  paying  all  the 
turned  out  and  have  his 
ite  to  pay  the  Quits  of  a 


KEW  HAMPSHIRE  OaANTB. 


939 


large  Patent  in  which  he  hath  no  other  Interest  than  by  havina 
purchased  a  small  Part.  * 

The  particular  Inconveniences  and  Disadvantages  complained 
of  by  the  said  Township  are  that  by  the  steady  attachment  of  the 
Inhabitants  thereof  to  this  State  and  their  unwearied  opposition 
to  the  Independency  claimed  by  sundry  evil  minded  Persons  in 
the  said  Counties  the  said  Inhabitants  are  not  only  become  odious 
to  some  of  their  neighbours  but  from  the  Indolence  or  Disaffection 
of  their  militia  officers  incapable  of  Exerting  themselves  against 
the  common  Enemy  they  having  never  yet  been  called  out  upon 
any  alarm  altho  as  well  from  their  zeal  as  their  Propinquity  to 
Tlconderoga  they  might  be  of  great  utility  whenever  the  Enemy 
ghall  think  proper  to  make  an  attempt  upon  that  Fortress  or  its 
vicinage.  They  are  also  much  destressed  for  want  of  arms  and 
feel  themselves  under  great  streights  on  account  of  the  Tories 
who  cannot  now  be  dealt  with.  ?or  altho  by  the  late  Resolutions 
of  this  Convention  the  said  Israel  Smith  is  of  opinion  that  new 
and  more  spirited  measures  will  be  taken  against  them  yet  from 
the  distracted  state  of  4he  said  County  it  may  be  impracticable 
to  collect  a  County  Committee  for  Defect  whereof  the  said  Reso- 
lutions may  become  ineffectual  altho  perfectly  consonant  to  the 
Wishes  &  Desires  of  the  People. 

Upon  which  said  Conference  your  Committee  are  of  opinion 
that  the  Quieting  or  Confirmatim  of  Titles  would  be  inefficacous 
before  the  authority  of  tliis  State  is  fully  acknowledged  within 
the  said  Counties  at  which  Time  the  Equity  of  Government  will 
doubtless  upon  the  application  of  its  good  subjects  grr^r  t  every 
Relief  which  the  nature  of  the  Case  will  admit  of.  That  the 
Distance  from  the  Seat  of  Government  which  is  one  Ground  of 
Complaint  would  not  long  continue  were  the  whole  Power  of  the 
State  to  be  confined  to  such  Parts  of  it  as  are  now  settled  but 
must  certainly  depend  under  our  free  and  equal  Constitution 
upon  the  Part  which  those  Counties  may  take  and  the  weight 
which  they  may  easily  acquire  in  the  Legislature.  That  as  to 
the  Complaints  on  the  Score  of  Quit  Rents  your  Committee  are 
of  opinion  that  the  Resolution  which  is  already  before  the  House 
upon  that  subject  will  be  productive  of  those  Effects  which  they 
teem  to  desire.    That  the  furnishing  the  said  Inhabitants  with 


.li 


lt«?K?J 


■-   f 


>   4 


ilir 


m 


CONtKOTKHST  RESPCCniro  THK 


J,.. 


P«lk 


•         » 


..*-  : 


arms  is  in  the  opinion  of  your  Committee  utterly  impracticable 
of  which  their  said  agent  may  be  informed.  That  the  odium 
which  they  have  incurred  fVom  their  attachment  to  this  State 
is  an  Evil  which  cannot  otherwise  be  remedied  than  by  a  Chanire 
In  tlid  opinions  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Counties  an  £vent 
which  in  the  opinion  of  your  Committee  will  take  Place  as 
soon  as  they  shall  be  convinced  of  their  true  Interests.  Upon 
the  Remainder  of  the  said  Representation  your  Committee  submit 
ike  following  Resolutions. 

!•*  Whereas  it  hath  been  represented  to  this  Convention  that 
divers  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Cumberland  who  an. 
desirous  of  continuing  the  Subjects  of  this  State  are  from  dlverg 
Reasons  incapable  of  exerting  theniselves  in  the  general  Defence 
particularly  from  the  want  of  proper  officers  therefore  Resolved 
that  it  be  recommended  to  such  Inhabitants  to  associate  ag 
follows  to  wit.  "  We  the  Subscribers  Subjects  of  the  State  of 
"  New  York  do  associate  together  for  the  Defence  of  the  united 
'*  States  against  the  King  of  Great  Britain  as  follows  First  we 
"  will  chuse  our  officers  by  vote  of  the  Majority  in  each  respective 
"Company  or  Regiment.  Secondly  we  will  obey  such  our 
"officers  as  other  the  rallllia  of  the  said  State.  Thirdly  the 
"names  of  the  said  officers  shall  be  transmitted  to  the  Govein- 
"ment  of  the  said  State  and  to  the  General  in  the  Northern 
"Department  Lastly  that  this  association  shall  continue  iu  force 
"  until  revoked  by  proper  authority." 

2^  Whereas  it  hath  been  suggested  to  this  Convention  that  the 
County  Committee  of  the  County  of  Cumberland  cannot  be 
collected  together  but  with  great  Difficulty,  Resolved  that  any 
Committee  chosen  by  the  Inliabitants  of  three  or  more  adjoining 
Townships  within  the  said  County  may  exercise  the  Powers 
mentioned  in  the  Resolution  of  the        Instant. 

All  which  is  humbly  submitted.  ''^ 

This  Report  ,iras  bro't  In  &  read  May  10*''  1777  &  ordered  to 
lie  on  the  Table  excepting  the  two  Resolutions  marked  N°  1  &  2 
which  were  agreed  to  &  passed. 


'ilirr?'  i^itftJi^&Atiil  bC^  ^M 


.••iif«' 


illy  Impracticable 

That  the  odium 
nent  to  this  State 
d  than  by  a  Change 

Counties  an  Event 
will  take  Place  aa 
e  Interests.  Upou 
,r  Committee  submit 

his  Convention  X\aX 
Cumberland  who  are 
State  are  from  diveta 
Q  the'general  Defence 
rs  therefore  Resolved 
Itants  to  associate  as 
ejects  of  the  State  of 
Defence  of  the  united 
n  as  follows  First  we 
ority  in  each  respective 
will  obey  such  out 
id  State.    Thirdly  the 
.fitted  to  the  Govein- 
ineral  in  the  Northern 
shall  continue  in  force 

L  is  Convention  that  the 
Lmberlaud  cannot  be 
kty,  Resolved  that  any 
three  or  more  adjoining 
\y  exercise  the  Powers 
QStaut.      ^ 

HQth  1777  &  ordered  to 
Lions  marked  N»  1  U 


u^T      '"'^" 


MEW  HAMWHXRK  SJUMTt. 


Mft 


HON.  P.  VAN  COBTUNDT  TO  THB  PRBSP  OP  CONGRESS. 

At  a  time  whekl  the  Councils  and  artts  of  America  should  be 
directed  to  the  defence  of  all  the  United  States  against  foreign 
invasion,  it  gives  us  pain  to  find  it  our  duty  to  call  the  attention 
of  Congress  to  the  domestic  concerns  of  this  state.  A  fiiction 
in  the  north  eastern  part  of  this  state,  aim  at  separatioii  from  it, 
and  have  declared  themselves  independent. 

Although  we  apprehend  no  great  difficulties  in  reducing  these 
(ketious  spirits  to  obedience  and  good  order,  by  the  justice  and 
vigour  of  the  government  of  this  state,  without  the  aid  of  Con- 
aess,  yet  as  a  report  prevails,  and  daily  gains  credit,  that  they  are 
privately  countenanced  in  their  designs  by  certain  members  of 
your  honorable  house,  we  esteem  it  our  duty  to  give  you  this 
information,  that  b^  a  proper  resolution  on  that  subject,  the 
reputation  of  Congress  may  cease  to  be  injured  by  imputations 
so  disgraceful  and  dishonorable. 

.  However  unwilling  we  may  be,  to  entertain  suspicions  so 
disreputable  to  any  member  of  Congress,  yet  the  truth  is,  that  no 
inconsiderable  numbers  of  the  people  of  this  state  do  believe  the  . 
report  to  be  well  founded,  and  of  course,  their  confidence  in  the 
justice,  and  their  respect  for  the  determination  of  Congress, 
^ill  we  fear,  be  diminished  j  nor  can  it  be  dfficult  to  perceive 
what  an  unhappy  influence  such  reports  and  apprehensions  have 
on  the  minds  of  the  best  Whigs  of  this  state,  especially  at  this 
critical  juncture. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be,  with  great  respect,  Si»,  yoiur  most 
obedient  and  very  humble  servant, 

(By  order)         ^^ierre  Van  Cortlandt,  P 

May  28.  1777. 

Hon.  John  Hancock,  Esq.  President  &c. 

•f  r 

:4 


)'  'j:i J i I* »«•'.;/'-.  *'■ 


(ii»,''-l  c'      HJ  ,'^l 
..iii\,ii-[i1.!''! 


I  * 


MS 


OOMTBOyKAST  RKtnCTINO  TRK 


'% 


JOHN  WILLIAMS  TO  JNO.  McKESSON  ESQB 

Sic'y  OF  THE  HEW   YORK  CONVENTION. 


t:    ^' 


¥' 

1.  ■ 

fc^ 

• 

1 

> 

m'-'. 

• 

hi. 


'»' 


(.*►'. 


[OrigliMaL«tton2EXni.] 

New  Perth  June  23*'  I777. 
Dear  Sir 

Inclosed  I  have  Transmitted  you  a  Phamplett  Lately  Circulated 
through  the  Grants,  as  Its  an  answer  to  some  of  our  Proceeding 
I  thought  it  my  Duty  to  transmitt  it  to  you,  Requesting  you  will 
show  it  to  the  Council  of  Safety  and  after  they  have  perused  it 
to  forward  it  to  Mess"  Duane  &  Duer,  if  at  Congress.  The 
Inhabitants  on  the  Grants  have  lately  had  a  meeting  Chose  there 
Deputies  to  sitt  in  Convention,  and  the  Convention  declared  the 
Grant  to  be  an  Independent  State,  Called  by  the  name  of  New 
Vermount*  Another  meeting  is  soon  to  be  held,  In  order  to 
Chuse  Delegates  to  Represent  them  in  Continental  Congress 
these  proceedings  has  thrown  this  County  into  great  Confusion 
nor  do  I  know  how  we  shall  proceed  I  am  much  obliged  to  you 
for  the  favour  of  your  Letter  and  Information  p'  Cap  Conkey  I 
beleeve  we  have  been  pretty  unanimous  in  the  Election  for 
Governor  &  Lieu^  Governor,  to  witt  Gen'  Scott  &  Clinton,  but 
there  was  very  few  that  voted. 

The  Lott  Number  68  in  Argyle  Belonging  to  Geni  Scott,  I  must 
beg  you'll  procure  for  me  in  behalf  of  Capo  Martin,  I  am 
Informed  some  )ther  people  are  after  it — However  I  am  of 
opinion  Gen'  Scott  will  not  Let  any  one  have  it  without  giving 
Cap*  Martin  the  refusal. 

I  am  Dear  Sir 

T  ,y:i^Ks<  y^^  ^^jy  jjmjje  Serv» 

Jn"  Williams 


If 


-v.. 


» ^, 


1  The  Convention  met  on  the  4th  June,  at  Windsor,  and  having  learned  "thtt 
a  district  of  land  lying  on  the  Susquehannah  river  baa  been  Iieretofore  and  is  now 
known  by  the  name  of  New  Connecticut,"  (the  name  agreed  upon  for  the  new 
State  in  Jan'y,  1777,)  "  which  was  unlinown  to  them  until  some  time  since  the 
declaration  at  Westminster  aforesaid,"  they  resolved  that  the  name  be  dropped 
and  the  State  called  Vkhmomt.  See  Jlppendix  to  Pro/ettor  Jamet  D.  Butlti't 
JddreiM  btfort  the  Vt.  Hut.  Soe.,  Oetob.  16, 1846,  in  Pamphlets  in  M.  T.  SUtt 
lab.,  Vol.  XXII.,  for  the  Declaration  and  Complaints. 


th  June  23<»  1777. 


^r 


HEW   HAMMHIRE  GRANTl. 


MS 


N.  B.  I  wa  at  Oater  Creek  yesterday  and  was  Informed  a 
number  of  Canadians  is  Come  down  a  Cross  the  Green  Mountains 
from  Canada  &  says— tliere  are  but  few  Regulars  id  Canada,  but 
useth  tlie  Inliabitants  very  111,  Numbers  are  Coming  Down  every 
Day,  Two  Captains  belonging  to  Coll«>  Livingstons  Regim<»  is 
among  them,  they  have  found  a  road  and  Can  Come  in  12  days. 


:ii 


Ing  to  Gen»  Scott,!  must 

of  Capn  Martin,  I  am 

it— However  I  am  of 

have  It  without  giving 


flor,  and  having  learned  "th»i 
hrt  been  heretofore  and  l»  now 
ame  agreed  upon  for  the  new 
»em  until  some  time  since  the 
,ed  that  the  name  be  dropped 
Prof euor  Jam,  D.B^^I^ 


RESOLUTIONS  OP  THE  COUNCIL  OF  SAFETY  OF  NEW  YORK 

0»  RECEIVING  INTELLIGENCE  THAT  VERMONT   IS   ENDEAVORING 
TO  BE  INDEPENDENT,  JUNE  27,  1777. 

[MiiMllaoMtu  Papen  XXXVm.] 

The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  several  Letters 
^m  Alexander  Webster  dated  21  •»  June  1777,  from  Alexand'  k 
Ebenezer  Clark  &  John  Williams  Esq'  dated  23'«  June  1777, 
&  from  Jacob  Baily  dated  W^  June  having  considered  the  same 
humbly  report  the  following  Letter  &  resolutions. 

Resolved  that  the  Sheriff  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  return 
tiie  poll  lists  of  the  names  of  such  persons  as  have  voted  in  the 
County  of  Charlotte  for  (Jovernor  &  Lieutenant  Governor  &  for 
Senators  for  the  eastern  district — and  that  he  return  the  indent- 
ures of  such  persons  as  have  been  elected  representatives  in 
general  assembly  to  the  assembly  of  this  State  at  their  first 
meeting— and  that  the  future  Legislature  of  this  state  will  in 
the  opinion  of  this  Committee  make  proper  provisions  that  the 
good  Subjects  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  who  have  voted  for 
representatives  in  Gen'  assembly  &  for  Senators  for  the  eastern 
districts  shall  not  bear  more  than  their  just  &  due  proportion 
of  the  expence  of  such  Senators  &  representatives. 

Resolved  that  from  the  above  Letters  and  from  other  informa 
tion  rec^.  by  this  Council  it  appears  that  many  people  in  the 
Eastern  district  of  this  State  are  endeavoring  to  erect  the  same 
into  a  seperate  &  independant  State — That  some  artful  &  design- 
ing persons  among  them  pretend  to  have  received  encouragem^ 
thereto  from  members  of  the  hon.  the  Congress — 

Resolved  that  a  Letter  be  written  to  our  Delegates  at  Congresf 


II 


n 

';       i 

i     I 


944 


COWTWDVf-      T   RnnrCTINQ  TH« 


ff 


ehclosing  copies  of  the .      ^  T  '^*ters  &  the  report  of  Cotamlttee 
for  settling  the  boundaries  of  this  State — 

Resolved  that  Mi^.  Wheeloek  \k  requested  to  repair  to  Phlh. 
delphia  to  give  the  necessary  information  to  our  delegates  there 
of  tlie  present  situation  of  the  eastern  district  of  this  State. 


.w^ 


M 

'l 

i 

f^\ 

^p:|;/'^ 

..  y. 

^^^^^Heffl^  rw*'  "' 

< 

>. 

^^^^^■Kw. ': 

I'K/* 

^^K^'- 

f^:, 

3 

r,M 

> 

'* .. 


M^ 

BWi-:' 

.■-^Cn^i^l 

^^^n^BE^ 

I 

'K'lifl 

IRf''^'^'^*' 

•t 

1  ^  jQEHHl 

HPk*  *  '     ^      *  *  . 

ii' 

Hf8S*~  ^   y  it  ^   ' 

/ 

^^^^H^nl 

fe;'  ■'" 

'y.- 

'M^^, 


u 


RESOLUTIONS  OF  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS,  June  30, 1777. 


[BUwelhweoni  P»pen  XXXVII.] .  ■«  i 


jf\ 


/•St 


Monday,  30th  June^  I777. 

Congress,  agreeably  to  the  order  of  the  day,  resolved  itself 
into  a  Committee  of  the  whole,  to  take  into  consideration  the 
letters  from  Jihraham  Ten  Broeck^  Esq;  President  of  the  Convcn, 
tion  of  the  State  of  JWw  Yorky  dated  50"»  January  and  Ist  March 
1777;  the  resolutions  passed  in  Committee  of  Safety  for  the  State 
of  JVeio  Yorkj  at  Fishkillj  the  20th  of  January ^  Vni^  transmitted 
with  the  above  letters;  a  petition  signed  Jmas  Fay^  Thomas  Chit- 
tendeny  Heman  Allen  and  Reuben  Jonesy  in  the  name  and  behalf 
of  the  people  stiling  themselves  inhabitants  of  the  JSTew  Hampshire 
Grants f  dated  J^ew  Hampshire  Grants^  Westminster^  15th  Jarauarv, 
1777;  a  letter  from  Pierre  Van  Cortlandty  Esq;  President  of  the 
Council  of  Safety  of  J^ew  Yorky  dated  28th  May,  1777;  and  a 
printed  paper,  signed  <<A  word  to  the  wise  is  sufficient,"  con- 
taining an  extract  from  the  minutes  of.  Congress,  and  a  letter  to 
the  inhabitants  of  Vermmt,  signed  Thomas  Young,  dated  Phik- 
delphia,  lUh  April  1777,  laid  before  Congress  the  23d  instant 
by  the  Del^ates  of  JVew  York,  and  after  some  time,  the  President 
resumed  the  chair,  and  Mr.  Harrison  reported.  That  the  Com- 
mittee have  had  under  consideration  the  letters  and  papers  to 
them  referred,  and  have  come  to  sundry  Resolutions  thereupon, 
which  he  is  ready  to  report  whenever  the  Congress  shall  please 
to  receive  them. 

Ordered,  That  the  report  be  now  received. 

The  report  from  the  Committee  of  the  whole  was  then  read,  | 
and  agreed  to,  as  follows:  vin.;.      ivi*'-: 


^<<?  ^0 


BL» 


T 


MEW   lUMrsiIIliB  G.xAnxI. 


045 


report  of  Cobuhlttee 


RESS,  June  30, 1777. 


Blved.  J 

lewbole  was  tuen  read, 


Resolved,  That  Congress  is  composed  of  Dtlogatcs  chosen  by 
„na  representing  tl»c  coniniunilies  resi)cctlv('ly  inlutbitlng  tiie 
territories  of  J^cw-IIumpshire,  Mnssachusetts-lioy,  Rhode- htand 
and  Piovidence  Plantations,  Connecticut,  Mw-  York,  JYiw- Jersey, 
Pmnsylvunia,  Delaware,  Maryland,  Virginia,  ^''orth-Curolina, 
South  Carolina  and  Georgia,  ns  they  respectively  stood  at  the 
time  of  its  first  institution ;— that  it  was  instituted  for  the 
purpose  of  securing  and  defending  the  communities  aforesaid, 
iijrainstthe  usurpations,  oppressions  and  hostile  invasions  of 
Qred  Britain ;— And  that  tlierefore  it  cannot  be  intended  that 
Congress  by  any  of  its  proceedings  would  do,  recommend,  or 
countenance  any  tiling  injurious  to  the  riglits  and  Jurisdictions 
(if  the  several  communities  wldch  it  represents. 

Resolved,  Tliat  tiie  independent  Government  attemptetl  to  be 
tstablished  by  thp  people  stiling  themselves  inhabitants  of  the 
Xtw-Hampshire  Grants,  can  derive  no  countenance  or  justifica- 
tion from  the  act  of  Congress  declaring  tlie  united  Cohmies  to 
be  independent  of  the  crown  of  Great  Britain,  nor  from  any 
other  act  or  resolution  of  Congress. 

Resolved,  that  the  petition  of  Jonas  Fay,  Thomas  Chittenden, 
llcmn  Men  and  Reuben  Jones,  in  tlie  name  and  behalf  of  the 
jieople  stliing  tiieniselves  as  aforesaid,  praying  "that  their 
"declaration,  tliat  tliey  would  consider  themselves  as  a  free  and 
«'iudependent  State,  may  be  received;  that  tlie  district  in  the 
'•  said  petition  described  may  be  ranked  among  the  free  and 
« independent  States ;  and  tliat  Delegates  therefrom  may  be 
"admitted  to  seats  in  Congress,"  be  dismissed. 

Resolved,  Tliat  Congress,  by  raising  and  officering  the  regi- 
ment commanded  by  Colonel  Warner,  never  meant  to  give  any 
epcouragenient  to  the  claim  of  the  people  aforesaid,  to  be 
(onsidered  as  an  independent  State  ;  but  tliat  the  reason  which 
induced  Congress  to  form  that  corps  was,  that  many  officers  of 
('iffcrent  States,  who  had  served  in  Canada,  and  alledged  that  they 
would  soon  raise  a  regiment,  but  were  then  unprovided  for, 
might  be  reinstated  in  the  service  of  the  United  States. 

Whereas  a  printed  paper,  addressed  to  the  inhabitants  of  the 
district  aforesaid,  dated  Philadelphia,  11">  April,  1777,  and 
subscribed  "  Thomas  Young  J^  was  laid  before  Congress  on  the  23<> 
Vol.  IV.  60 


I  ^ 


I 

1  1 


I  ; 


.  ,  1 


K>*'.-. 

M 

r  • 

•fP 

If-  : 

E^ 

^^ 

^M 

Si 

CONTBOVKRSY  RESPECTING  THE 

instant,  by  the  Delegates  of  J^ew  Yorky  to  wliicli  address  is 
prefixed  the  resolution  of  Congress  of  the  15'»>  of  May,  1775 
and  in  which  are  contained  the  following  paragraphs : 

« I  have  taken  the  minds  of  several  of  tlie  leading  members 
"  of  the  Honorable  the  Continental  Congress,  and  can  assure  you 
"  that  you  have  nothing  to  do  but  to  send  attested  copies  of  the 
"  recommendation  to  take  up  government  to  every  township  iji 
"  in  your  district,  and  invite  aH  the  freeholders  an^  inhabitants ' 
'<  to  meet  in  their  respective  townships,  and  chuse  members  for 
'<  a  general  convention  to  meet  at  an  early  day  to  chuse  Delegates 
"  for  the  general  Congress  and  Committee  of  Safety,  and  to  form  a 
"  Constitution  for  your  State. — ^Your  friends  here  tell  me,  that 
<<some  are  in  doubt  whether  Delegates  from  your  district 
«  would  be  admitted  into  Congress;  I  tell  you,  to  organize  fairly- 
"  and  make  the  Experiment,  and  I  will  ensure  you  success  at 
<'  the  risque  of  my  reputation  as  a  man  of  honour  or  commoq 
"  sense  ;  indeed  they  can  by  no  means  refuse  you  ;  you  liave  as 
"  good  a  right  to  chuse  how  you  will  be  governed,  and  by  whom 
"as  they  had." 

Rtsolved,  That  the  contents  of  the  said  paragraplis  are  deroga- 
tory to  the  honour  of  Congress,  and  a  gross  misrepresentation  of 
the  resolution  of  Congress  therein  referred  to,  and  tend  todecei?« 
and  mislead  Ihe  people  so  addressed.  <:,.,. 

Extiract  frwi,  ifu  Journal fj 

CHAKtKs  Thoi^pson,  Secretary. 


>n 


v^' 


RESOLUTION  OF  THE  N.  Y.  COUNCIL  OF  SAFETY. 


'  .1' 


',.*-.     w 


-^-ftr     ^ 


"  * 


ii,  ''  V  '  •         [Ami  P«p:  OoniroTcny  with  V*noont.]        i  .. 

1    *i  V .,;  >  i  In  Council  of  Safety  for  the  State  of  New  York 

Kingston  July  17, 1777. 
Resolved  that  printed  Copies  of  the  Resolutions  of  the  Honour- 
able Continental  Congress  of  the  30^  of  June  last  be  transmitted 
to  James  Clay  Esqr.  Chairman  of  the  General  Committee  of  the 
County  of  Curaberland  and  delivered  to  Colonel  Eleazer  Patter- 
son and  Major  John  Wlieelock  and  that  they  be  requested  to 


% 


which  address  i3 
5th  of  May,  1776, 
igraphs : 

5  leading  membew 
andean  assure  you 
te^ied  copies  of  the 

every  township  in 
ers  an^  inhabitants 

chuse  members  for 
y  to  ehuse  Delegates 
Safety,  and  to  form  a 
is  here  tell  me,  that 

from   your  district 
ou,  to  organize  fairly; 
ensure  you  success  at 
)f  honour  or  common 
use  you  ;  you  have  as 
►verned,andbywhom, 


paragraphs  are  deroga- 
i  misrepresentation  of 
to,  and  tend  to  deceive 


iSS 


Thoi^psqn,  Secretary. 


iClL  OF  SAFETY. 

he  State  of  New  York 

wston  July  n,  l''^^- 
.solutions  of  the  Honour- 

Ijune  last  be  transmitted 
eneral  Committee  of  the 
\  Colonel  Eleazer  Patler- 
,at  they  be  requested  to 


HEW  HAMPSHJ^E  GRANTS. 


949 


dijstribute  the  same  throughout  the  eastern  District  of  this  Stat« 
itt  such  manner  as  will  most  effectually  convey  to  the  Inhabitant! 
of  the  said  District  the  Disapprobation  of  tlie  Hon^Je  Continental 
Congress,  of  tlie  Illegal  Proceedings  of  their  pretended  Convention 
and  their  adherents  and  abettors. 

Extract  from  the  Minutes 
*  RoBT  Benson  Secrr. 


REPORT  OF  JAMES  CLAY  THEREON. 

Presuant  to  the  above  Resolves,  I  have  Carred  and  Sent  to  the 
Sub  Committee,  of  every  Town  in  the  County,  a  number  of  the 
Cwitinental  Resolves  in  order  that  the  Inhabitance  might  see 
them,  with  a  desire  as  tblloweth  ^  -^ 

Gentlemen 

These  are  to  Des're  you  to  call  a  Town  meeting  of  the  Inhabi- 
tance of  your  Town,  in  order  to  hear  tlie  Resolves  of  the  Conti- 
nental Congress,  and  to  Chuse  County  Committ;;e  Men,  if  your 
Town  hath  not  already  Chosen,  to  meet  at  Westminster  Court 
house,  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  September  next,  at  Ten  a  Clock 
in  the  fournoon,  in  order  to  Tranceact  the  Publick  Bisness  of 
the  County,  and  all  other  Matters  that  May  Come  before  them. 

James  Clay  Chairman 

Putney  July  y«  28, 1 777.  of  the  County  Committee. 

To  the  Sub  Committee  of 

The  above  is  a  True  Copy  of  what  was  sent  to  the  Towns. 

J.  Clat 


WARRANT  FOR  THE  ARREST  OF  JAMES  CLAY  ESQ. 

In  Council  of  Safety  State  of  Vermont  Bennington 

■    .  '    '  10*''  august  1777     : 

To  Jesse  Burk 

you  are  heareby  Required  to  take  the  Body  of  Cap*  James  Clay 

of  Ptitney  and  him  safely  keep  so  that  you  have  him  Before  this 

Council  to  answer  the  Complaints  exhibited  against  him  you  %m 


•*i 


018 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


:."      t 


to  take  suitable  assistance  and  make  due  Return  of  your  pro- 
ceedings Iierein  at  the  same  time  for  which  this  shall  be  your 
•ufficient  warrant. 

By  order  of  Council  '  Jonas  Fay  Vice  President. 

,>,  A  true  Copy  Compared  '^^ 

Jesse  Burk. 


.•;f 


s>  r'%.1.4-','' 


1*    * 


h  ' 


u 


'.  V* 


'U 


'.■fS'' 


■:  1- :;  i 


'k:?  A-'^.tt 


-    ', 


REPOUT  OF  MR.  CUY  QN  HIS  ARREST. 

j^j ,  Putney  August  ye  16: 1777 

I  was  taken  by  the  within  named.  Jesse  Burk,  and  was  carried 
by  him  before  the  within  named  Council,  I  asked  said  Commit- 
tee what  was  the  Complaint  against  me,  Col.  Chittenden  Answered 
me,  and  said  that  I  had  acted  under  the  State  of  New  York  con- 
trary to  their  Resolves  of  June  last  in  my  notifying  the  Countj 
Committee  to  meet  again,  andr  sending  about  the  Continental 
Congress  Resolves,  and  Seting  tlie  People  against  the  New  State. 
and  thay  Detained  me  their  Six  Days,  and  then  set  me  a  liberty 
with  my  Promising  to  Caraey  a  Letter  to  Burk. 

James  Clay. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  COxMMITTEE  OF  WESTMINSTER 

Westminster  Michael  Gilson     ,  ^ 

Woodstock 

Rockingham,  Wm  Simonds 

Springfield  J  Sinion  Stevens  Esq' & 
)     Jerahmeel  Powan 
Windsor 

Hartford      h>  i;M!W'>>  n* 

Chester  Jabesh  Sergents 

Kent  '     '••"' 

Weathersfield  Hilkiah  Grout 

Cavendish  * 

Fullum 


Hilsdale                , 
Bratlleborough 

Ul-fi  di 

Guilford 

-vf-.     -    - 

Halafax 
Draper 

New-Fane        -      * 

f 

Putnev 

Pomphret        ;  V  ^'* 

;•'    'A 

Townshend 

i  (  <-,, 

HJu-lford— M'  Rust 

t 

■  "  n.'l   >    f^-i  ... 


!.   ^i 


Vice  President. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


.949 


Westminster  Sept  y«  2, 1777  According  to  tlie  adjournment 
of  the  Committee  and  a  new  notify  cation  sent  to  tlie  above  towns 
ly  the  Chairman  of  tlie  County  Committee,  the  aboue  Gentlemui 
met  at  the  County  liouse  and  proceeded  as  followetli 

The  Chairman  not  being  able  to  attend  his  Duty,  Mr.  Stephen!, 
who  was  Clark  opened  the  meeting. 

Fii-stly,  Voted  after  a  long  Debate  to  adjourn  said  meetli^ 
antill  to-morrow  morning  at  seven  o  Clock. 

Sept  y«  3.  at  Seven  o  clock  meet  according  to  adjournment 
It  was  mooved  that  this  Committee  send  some  sutable  person  to 
the  Conventidn  or  Legislature  of  the  Stale  of  new  york  to  Inform 
them  of  the  Conduct  of  the  protended  Counscll  and  protended 
Committees  of  the  State  of  Vermont  and  take  their  advice  and 
Directions  tliereon,  but  there  being  four  members  against  Ui« 
motion  we  could  not  obtaiii  any  vote  of  that  nature. 

Secondly  Voted  to  adjourn  this  Committee  untill  the  second 
Tuesday  of  November  next  at  ten  o  Clock  in  the  morning  to 
meet  at  this  place 

a  true  Copy  from  the  Minutes 

Test        Simon  Stevens  Clark. 


vmn 


i  \s'-n:i 


Westminster  Sep*  y«  3<1 1777. 
In  less  than  an  hour  after  the  County  Committee  had  adjourned 
the  Clialrman  Cap*  James  Clay  came  in  order  to  attend  his  Dutj, 
and  M'  Obadiah  Wells  from  Brattleborough  with  him  there  being 
a  number  of  the  County  Committee  present  namely — 

James  Clay  of  Putney 
Michael  Gilson — Westminster       Hiliciah  Grout — Wcathersfield 
Obadiah  Wells — Brattleborough    Simon  Stevens — Springfi'eld 

Takelng  under  Consideration  tlie  Devided  and  Broken  State 
of  the  bounty  of  Cumberland  in  respect  to  the  Conduct  mentioned 
in  the  votes  of  the  Committee  the  day  abovesaid,  and  the  cause 
why  the  whole  Committee  did  not  meet,  we  as  members  ^t 
said  Committee  and  well  wishers  to  the  Common  Caust  of 
America  and  this  State  think  it  our  duty  to  send  some  suitable 
pei-son  to  the  Convention,  or  state  of  New  York,  with  tlie  votes 
of  the  County  Committee,  in  order  to  give  them  a  true  Repre- 


»      .      ■* 

4 


ate 

if*      *- 


■.??^-^ 


r  r^-^  -t-. 


It-  <■"   .  • 


#50 


\i 


COimtOTKRIT   miPEOTUra  THE 


sratation  of  the  Diffieulties  the  County  of  Cumberland  &o  nov 
hibour  under,  and  to  pray  them  to  find  out  some  method  whereby 
Chey  may  be  relieved,  and  the  said  Committee  enabled  to  aet 
with  safety  for  1^  generall  benefit  of  the  United  States  and  the 
State  of  New  York  in  particular,  and  as  Cap*  Clay  has  been  and 
now  is  a  sufferer  by  the  pretended  State  of  Yermont,  we  thiujc 
hiin  the  most  suitable  person  and  best  able  to  give  a  suitable 
representation  to  the  Honorable  Convention  andi  aa  such  we 
AdViise^him  as  soon  as  his  health  will  admit  to  Repair  to  the  said 
(?bnvention  for  that  purpose,  and  as  Cap*  Clay  has  been  a  lone 
Ihtie  in  the  County  Committee  and  Improved  as  a  Chairman  the 
gteatest  part  of  the  time  it  has  been  very  expensive  to  him,  and 
hb  hath  received  no  manner  of  sattisfaction  for  all  his  trouble 
Ittid  is  now  going  on  liis  own  cost,  we  Cant  help  but  recomend 
him  to  the  state  as  worthy  to  receive  such  relealf  as  they  think 
k  fSiithful  person  ought  to  have,    as  witness  our  Hands 

^     ■        T  -   !      .'  Simon  Stevens 

HiLKiAH  Grout  ,, 
Michael  Gilson 
■^■''/  -'T  Obadiah  Wells 

Eleazi^  Paterson. 


h-:i- 


/♦  ^;-   >   J.  SESSIONS  TO  JOHN  McKESSON  ESO. 

^'!-     -  8BCY  OF  THE  NEW    YORK  CONVENTIOK.        , 

'.r     '  ''    . 

[MiaeellMieons  t*apen  XXXVn.] 

,  Westminster  4ih  Septeifi' 1777. 

§IB  it  gave  me  Peculiar  Satisfaction  when  I  found  not  only  by 

jour  liCtter  but  by  the  Resolves  you  therein  mention  that  oar 
■' tiffairs  have  ben  upon  tlie  Carpet  in  Congress— but  it  by  no 

means  answers  tiie  end  (at  Present)  to  stop  the  Progress  of  tlic 
■  lotion  respecting  a  New  State  I  would  liave  sent  you  one  of  the , 

Ck)nnecticut  Papers  wherein  is  contained  the  Construction  these 
'  t'ebple  Ptit  upon  the  Resolves  of  Congress  but  I  conclude  you  J 
'  llave  ieen  it  so  that  it  will  be  kneedless — if  they  had  Resolved] 
'  they  would  break  their  necks  if  they  Did  not  Desist  I  Dontl 

l^ow  but  those  People  might  have  thought  they  were  in  arenestf 


if     ' 


IB 

amberland  &o  now 
me  method  whereby 
Itteo  enabled  to  a«t 
lited  States  and  the 
)t  Clay  lias  been  and 

Vermottt,  we  thiuk 
«  to  give  a  suitable 
LOB  and',  as  sueh  we 

to  Brepair  to  the  said 
:lay  has  been  a  long 
red  as  a  Chairman  the 
expensive  to  him,  and 
on  for  all  his  trouble 
it  help  but  recomend 
,  releaif  as  they  think 
ess  our  Hands 
Simon  Stevens 
HiLKiAH  Grout 

MlOH'^^^  GlLSOB 

Obadiah  Wells 
Eleaz'  Patekson. 


SSON  ESO. 

ONVBSTIOR.        ,.      •  . 
Vll.l 

ster  4th  Septe*  HT^. 
vhenlioundnotonlyby 

herein  mention  that  our 
Cougress-but  it  by  no 

stop  the  Progress  of  to 
have  sent  you  one  of  the 

Bd  the  Construction  tkse 
,res8  but  I  conclude  you 
Ig^if  they  had  Resolved 
,y  Did  not  Desist  1  Dont 
fught  they  were  ID  aieuest 


NEW  HAMPSRIRE  GRAlfri. 


Ml 


but  the  Hon"*  Congress  and  Council  of  this  State  will  become 
more  Sencable  (I  trust)  of  the  Temper  and  Disposition  that 
actuates  those  People  than  they  have  ben  and  I  am  sorry  they 
hant  before  now  if  it  liad  been  supprest  sooner  it  in  all  Proba- 
bility might  have  ben  Effectual  but  the  Event  now  I  am  unable 
ftjly  to  Determine  altho  I  ca^  Conjecture  &  is  what  I  should 
Dread— my  opposition  has  rendred  my  Situation  Somewhat 
unhappy  at  present  but  trust  shall  find  the  old  Maxim  True  in 
the  end— (viz)  honesty  is  the  best  Polacy  I  have  ben  a  Sort  of 
a  Micaiah  in  the  aflfair  &  I  believe  many  would  be  glad  I  w«d 
\a  house  of  Jonathan  &  have  reason  to  expect  this  will  be  mt 
fait  if  sumthing  is  not  Done  very  soone— for  I  find  I  am  highly 
ehreatned  but  if  sumthing  is  not  Done  Soone  shall  be  obliged  to 
give  up  the  Point— as  to  News  I  have  nothing  special  to  Write 
only  it  is  a  very  sickly  time  among  us  and  in  Neighbouring 
Towns.  Should  be  glad  of  a  Lino  from  you  whereby  I  may 
nnderstand  what  your  Sentemen  are  abought  our  affairs  as  I 
want  to  act  with  safety  and  Prudence  both  for  my  Self  State  md 
Country. 

•*    '  i^  -  -  '■"  \  .         your  most  obedient  ser"*       tft 

^'"  ,   "''''■  '''"   "        -  ■       ■■  John  SessioMk 


i  y>  V  '*-t\i 


, '<» 


:13 


DECLARATTON  of  the  state  of  new  YORK. 

•  "       A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas  the  Senate  and  Assembly  of  this  State,  did,  by 
^  •  their  several  resolutions,  passed  the  twenty-first  day 
of  this  instant  month  of  Febr-Mry,  declare  and  resolve.  That  "h* 
disalfection  of  many  persons,  Jnlmbitlng  the  north  eastern  parts 
of  t^  3  county  of  Mhany^  and  certain  parts  of  the  counties  of 
Charlotte.,  Cumberland  and  Gloucester ^  clearly  included  within  the 
ancient,  original,  true  and  lately  established  bounds  of  this  State, 
arose  from  a  contest,  about  the  property  of  the  soil  of  many 
tracts  o;  land,  within  those  parts  of  the  said  counties  tesptt- 
lively. 


1  I 


„> 


f    ',f>  • 


I' 


v1 


900 


CONTROVEUSY    respecting  TliE 


fw 


.?; 


■\^ 


W' 


1    4' 


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'^k" 


'JfV^WW  •'^'»1^ 


i;. 


That  the  said  contest  was  occasioned,  partly  by  the  issulnff 
of  divers  interfering  patents  or  grants,  by  the  respective  govern- 
ments of  JVew-York  on  tlie  one  part,  and  those  of  Massadtusetts- 
Bay  and  jyew-HampsMre  on  the  other,  antecedent  to  the  late 
establishment  of  the  eastern  boundary  of  this  State  ;  partly  by 
an  higher  quit-rent  reserved  on  the  said  lands,  when  re-granted 
under  JWuj- For/c,  than  were  reserved  in  tlie  original  grants  under 
^ew'Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay^  and  the  exorbitant  fees 
of  office  accruing  thereon  ;  and  partly  by  a  nunber  of  grants 
made  by  the  late  government  of  JVew-  York^  after  the  establish- 
ment of  the  said  eastern  boundary,  for  lands  which  had  been 
before  granted  by  the  governments  of  J^Tew-IIampshire  iind 
Massachusetts  Bay  respectively,  or  one  of  them ;  in  which  last 
mentioned  grants  by  the  late  government  of  JVew-York,  the 
Interest  of  the  servants  of  the  crowr,,  and  of  new  adventurers 
was,  in  may  instances,  contrary  to  justice  and  policy,  prel'erred 
to  the  equitable  claims  for  confirmation,  of  those  who  had 
patented  the  lands  under  JVcw-IIampshire  or  Massachusetts-Bay,-. 
That  tlie  aforesaid  disaffection  has  been  greatly  increased,  by 
an  act  passed  by  the  Legislature  of  the  late  Colony  of  Km  York, 
on  the  ninth  day  of  March,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord,  one  thou- 
sand seven  hundred  and  seventy  four,  entitled,  "  An  Act  for 
preventing  tumultuous  and  riotous  assemblies  in  the  places 
therein  mentioned,  and  for  the  more  speedy  and  effectual  pun- 

.  ishing  the  rioters  :" — That  many  of  the  aforesaid  disafiected 
persona,  though  unjustifiable  in  tlieir  opposition  to  the  authority 
of  tliis  State,  labour  under  grievances,  arising  from  the  causes 
above  mentioned,  which,  in  some  measure,  extenuate  their 

-offence,  and  wiiich  ought  to  be  redressed  : — 

Tliat,  therefore,  the  Legislature  of  this  State,  while  on  the 
one  ]iaud,they  will  vigorously  maintain  their  rightful  supremacy 
over  the  persons  and  property  of  those  disaffected  subjects,  will, 
on  the  other  hand,  make  overtures,  to  induce  the  voluntary 
submission  of  the  delinquents  : — 

,  That  an  absolute  and  unconditional  discharge,  and  remission 
of  all  prosecutions,  penalties  and  forfeitures,  under  the  above 
mentioned  act,  shall  l)e  an  established  preliminary  to  such  over- 
tures ;  whicli  overtures  are  as  follows  viz.  , 


MEW  HAMKSHIRE  CHANTS. 


063 


Lis  state,  wlule  on  tlw 
keir  rightful  supremacy 

Ivisaffected  subjects,  \^A 
induce  the  voluntary 

Itiscliarge,  and  remission 

litnres,  under  the  above 

M-eliuiinaiy  to  such  over- 


lit.  That  all  persons  actually  possessing  and  improving  lands, 
by  title  under  grants  from  J^ew- Hampshire  or  Massachusetts-Bay] 
and  not  granted  under  JVew- For/c,  shall  be  confirmed  in  their 
respective  possessions. 

2J.  Tiiat  all  persons  actually  possessing  and  improving  lands, 
not  granted  by  either  of  the  three  governments,  shall  be  confirmed 
in  their  respective  possessions,  together  with  such  additional 
quantity  of  vacant  land,  lying  contiguous  to  each  respective 
possession,  as  may  be  necessary  to  form  the  same  into  a  conven- 
ient farm ;  so  as  the  quantity  to  be  confirmed  to  each  respective 
person,  including  his  possession,  shall  not  exceed  three  hundred 
acres.  .i 

3*1.  That  where  lands  have  heretofore  been  granted  by  JWio- 
Hampshire  and  Massachusetts-Bay^  or  either  of  tliem,and  actually 
possessed  in  consequence  thereof,  and  being  so  possessed,  were, 
afterwards,  granted  by  JVm-York,  sucli  possessions  shall  be 
confirnied  ^  the  posterior  grant  under  Mw-  York,  notwithstanding. 

Provided  always,  That  notliing  in  the  above  regulations  con- 
tained, shall  be  construed  to  determine  any  question  of  title  or 
possession,  tliat  may  arise  between  different  persons  claiming 
under  Jfew-H'mpshire  or  Massachusetts-Bay,  or  between  persons 
claiming  under  J^evo-Hampshire  on  the  one,  and  under  Massa- 
(hmtls-Bay  on  the  other  part,  iudependent  of  any  right  or  claim 
under  JVeio-  York. 

4l^  Tluit,  with  respect  to  all  such  cases,  concerning  the  afore-. 
8aid  controverted  lands,  as  cannot  be  decided  by  the  rules 
exliibited  in  tlie  aforegoing  articles,  or  some  one  of  tliem,  the 
Legislature  of  the  State  of  Kew-York  will  provide  for  the 
determination  of  the  same,  according  to  the  rules  of  justice  and 
equity,  arising  out  of  such  cases  respectively,  witiiout  adliering 
to  the  strict  rules  of  law.    i-     >     v.^^;\    n    ,: 

5tli.  That  in  all  cases,  wliere  grants  or  confirmations  shall 
become  necessary,  on  accepttince  of  the  above  overtures,  such 
grants  or  conlirmations,  sliali  issue  to  tlie  grantees,  at,  and  after, 
the  lute  of  five  pounds  for  a  grant  or  confirmation  of  three 
hundred  acres  or  under ;  and  for  every  additional  hundred 
acres,  I  he  additional  sum  of  sixtwi:  shillings;  except  in  cases 

where  lands  shall  be  granted  or  confirmed  to  divers  persons  in 


■J 
1 


II 


t    ? 
r%'       ■ 

f' «' 


in  V 


f 


'S^e-J, 


J* 


>•    i   ♦ 


''',-$  ' 


Hi 


GoirrioviRftT  sBiraeTliio  the 


one  entire  tract ;  in  whieh  case,  the  grantis  shall  i^siie,  ifiptic 
tively,  for  fifteen  pounds  each ;  which  allowances  shall  be  in 
lieu  of  all  other  ibes  or  perquisites  whatsoever. 

6th.  That  whenever,  agreeable  to  the  above  regulations,  new 
grants  or  confirmations  shall  become  necessary  under  tliis  state 
for  lands  heretofore  granted  by  Mew  Hampihirt  or  Massachusetts 
'Bay J  the  same  quitrent  only  shall  be  reserved,  which  was 
reserved  in  the  original  grants  under  J^ew  Hampshire  or  Massa- 
ohutetts  Bay. 

7th.  That  wherO  lands,  heretofore  granted  by  JWto  Hampshire 
or  Massachusetts  Bay,  have  been,  since,  confirmed  to  such 
grantees  by  new  grants  under  Jfexe-York,  the  quit-rents  on  such 
lands,  shall  be  reduced  to  what  they  were  in  the  original  grants 
Under  J^eto-Hampshire  or  Massachusetts-Bay. 

8tli.  That  in  order  to  encourage  the  settlement  of  the  aforesaid 
disputed  lands  in  a  peaceable  subjection  to  tlie  authority  and 
jniisdiction  of  this  state,  and  also  of  all  other  lands  held  within 
and  under  this  state,  tlie  following  commutation  for  the  quit- 
rents,  shall  be  allowed,  viz  :  That  On  payment,  at  the  rate6f 
two  shillings  and  six  pence,  lawful  money  of  this  state  into  the 
treasury  of  this  state,  for  every  penny  sterling  of  quit-reat 
reserved  ;  or,  on  delivery  into  the  same  of  seventeen  times  the 
qtiantity  of  grain,  or  other  commodity,  reserved  for  such  quit- 
rent,  tlie  same  shall  thenceforward  be  utterly  discharged,  asid 
forever  cease  and  be  extinguished. 

That  these  dvdrtures  should  be  offered  with  a  view,  not  only 
to  induce  the  (foresaid  discontented  inhabitants  of  tlie  counties 
of  Jilbaiiyj  Charlotie,  Cumberland  and  Gloucester j  to  return  to  a 
a  lawAil  and  rightful  obedience  to  the  authority  and  jurisdiction 
of  this  State  ;  but  also  in  tavor  of  all  other!)  whom  the  same  may 
concern  ;  and  to  be  of  no  avail  to  any  person  or  persons  whatso- 
ever, who  shall  after  tlie  first  day  of  May  next,  yield  or  acknow- 
ledge, any  allegiance  or  subjection  to  tlie  pretended  state  of 
VermorUy  the  pretended  government  tliereof,  or  any  power  or 
authority  pretended  to  be  held  or  exercised  thereunder. 

TJiat  the  aforegoing  overturcs,on  thecondition  above  expressed, 
be  tendered  for  acceptance  to  all  persons,  to  whose  case  the  same, 
or  anv  or  either  of  them,  do,  or  shall  apply,  upon  the  public  faith 


%^   -   ■'■> 


HE 

shall  iisiie,  rtipec- 
>wauce9  shall  be  in 

er. 

:)ve  regulations,  ne\T 
lary  under  this  state, 
fhin  or  Massachusetti 
eserved,  which  was 
Hampshire  or  Jtfowa- 

id  by  JVVw  HflWpMire 
!,  conttrmed  to  such 
he  quit-rents  onsUtih 
in  the  original  grants, 

lement  of  the  aforesaid 
to  the  authority  Md 
jther  lands  held  within 
mutation  for  the  quit- 
>ayment,  at  the  rate6f 
y  of  this  state  into  the 
sterling  of  quit-rent 
of  seventeen  times  the 
reserved  for  such  quit- 
itterly  discharged,  tsuA 

with  a  view,  not  only 
abitants  of  «ie  counties 
Houcesterj  to  return  to  a 
ithority  and  jurisdiction 

er9  whom  the  same  may 
erson  or  persons  whatso- 
y  next,  yield  or  acknow- 
the  pretended  state  of 
hereof,  or  any  power  or 
'ised  thereunder, 
(indltion  above  expressed, 

_i,  to  whose  case  the  same, 
ply,  upon  the  public  faith 


iTBif  BJoamrnvKt  vkAwn. 


M5 


and  assurance  of  the  legislature  and  Government  of  the  state 
of  J^ew-Yorkj  pledged  to  sudi  person  and  persons  for  the  pur- 


That  the  several  branches  of  the  Legislature  of  the  state  of 
fftw-Yorkj  will  coneur  in  the  necessary  measures  for  protecting 
the  loyal  inhabitants  of  this  state,  residing  in  the  counties  of 
AlhnMf  CharMU,  Cumberland  and  Gloucestery  in  their  persons 
and  estates,  and  for  compelling  all  persons,  residing  within  this 
state,  and  refusing  obedience  to  the  government  and  legislature 
thereof,  to  yield  that  obedience  and  allegiance,  which,  by  law 
and  of  right  they  owe  to  this  state. 

Md  whereasj  The  said  Senate  and  Assembly  of  this  state  of 
jVeto-ForAehave  also  by  their  resolution,  requested  me  to  issue 
my  Proclamation,  under  the  privy  seal  of  this  state,  reciting 
their  aforesaid  declarations  and  resolutions,  and  strictly  charging 
and  commanding  all  manner  of  persons,  in  tlie  name  of  the 
people  of  the  state  of  JSTeto-Yorkj  to  take  due  notice  thereof,  a< 
thdr  perilj  and  govern  themselves  accordingly. 

I  do  therefore  htrebi/j  in  the  name  of  the  people  oj  the  state  tf 
Xew-Yorkj  publish  and  proclaim  the  aforesaid  declared  resolu- 
tions ;  and  I  do  hereby  strictly  charge  and  command  all  manner 
of  persons  within  this  state,  at  their  peril,  to  take  due  notice  of 
this  Proclamation,  and  of  every  article,  clause,  matter  and  thing 
therein  recited  and  contained  and  to  govern  themselves  accord- 
ingly. 

Given  under  my  hand,  and  the  privy  seal  of  the  State  of  NeW- 
York  ut  Poughkeepsle,  in  the  County  of  Dutchess,  the  twinty- 
Mri  day  qf  February,  in  the  year  of  <mr  Lord,  me  thousand  seven 
hundred  and  seventy-tight.  - 

' '  •         Oim.  CLtswtt. 
Obn  BAVz  THE  Pkoi^LiK; 


UM.,'     ,     1 


■   ,:    Iff.,;      ■■' 


yi    -i 


■1)  .3 

■  \-'- :i 

■  -T  ' 


i  i: 


'    3 


i  'i 

f  ]■ 


-.■"  I 


iH'. 


\    ' 


(   I 


066 


CONTnOVEKSY  RCSrECTIITO  TIIK 


(!?  '  . 


r-Jf*//-?;*^/- 


.V  •  ft'  . 


^k..    -4^^-'      • 


^/,^ 


>  *• 


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i;i:+i 


:.'    ^ 


*  ' 


i-  ^*.' 


I'?. 


\m\'     ' 


4 


PETITION  OF  COL.  SPENCER  &  OTHERS. 


.-»..  fv. 


To  the  lionorablo  iJie  Representatives  of  the  State  of  New 
ill  General  Assembly  convened. 
Tlie  Petition  of  Jeremiali  Spencer  and  Oliver  Cclvin  late  of 

the  Town  of  Durliani  in  the  County  of  Cliailotte  on  behalf 

of  themselves  and  divei-s  of  the  late  Inhabitants  of  Durham 

a foresaid . 
Humbly  Sheweth, 

That  the  Township  of  Durliam  was  originally  settled  by  its 
late  Inhabitants  under  Col"  John  Lidius. 
\u  That  discovering  the  Imperfection  of  their  Tittle  they  applied 
for  and  obtained  Letters  Patent  under  New- York — That  many 
of  tlie  luliabitants  (of  wiiich  number  your  Petitioners  are)  lii,ve 
since  been  compelled  to  purcliase  tlie  New  Hampshire  Title  to 
their  Lauds  under  Penalty  of  being  turned  out  of  their  Possessions 
by  a  Mob. 

That  before  the  Revolt  of  the  North  Eastern  pai-t  of  the  State 
tlie  luliabitants  suffered  greatly  fur  no  other  reason  tlian  because 
they  held  their  Lands  under  New  York. 

Timt  when  General  St.  Clair  retreated  from  Ticonderoga  he 
advised  the  Inhabitants  to  remain  upon  their  Lands,  as  may 
appear  by  a  certificate  now  in  the  hands  of  his  Excellency  the 
Governor.  That  they  and  some'  other  of  the  Inhabitants  of 
Durham,  did  so,  as  also  did  many  other  men  living  further 
southward,  who  acknowledge  themselves  subjects  of  tlie  pre- 
tended State  of  Vermont.  That  your  Petitioners  do  not  recollect 
.to  Lave  heard  that  any  one  who  has  revolted  from  this  State  has 
been  punished  or  called  to  account  lur  not  removing  from  their 
farms  at  that  time.  Eut  your  Petitioners  &  a  number  of  other 
Inhabitants  of  Durham  have  had  t]\eir  real  and  personal  estates 
taken  from  them  by  authority  derived  I'rom  the  said  pretended 
State,  f«)r  no  other  cause  tiian  following  the  advice  of  General 
St.  Clair,  &  by  Commissioners  precisely  iu  the  same  Circumstances 
with  your  Petitioners. 

That  superadded  to  the  loss  of  tlieir  property  a  number  of  the 
Inhal)itcinfs  (of  which-  your  Petitioners  are  a  pnrt)  have  been 
condemned  to  servitude  duiing  tlie  pleasure  of  the  Council  of 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRAMTS. 


WT 


'Hil 


(yriiEKS. 

f  the  State  of  New 

liver  Cclvln  late  of 
Chailotte  on  belialf 
aabilants  of  Durham 

finally  settled  by  Ito 

Blr  Tittle  they  apphed 
w-York— That  many 
Petitioners  are)  libve 
k'  Hampshire  Title  to 
3Ut  of  their  Possessions 

stern  pai-t  of  the  State 
er  reason  than  because 

from  Tlconderoga  he 
1  their  Lands,  as  may 
of  his  Excellency  the 
of  the  Inhabitants  of 
er  men  living  further 
.s  subjects  of  the  pre- 
itioners  do  not  recollect 
Ited  from  this  State  has 
,t  removing  from  their 
8  &  a  number  of  other 
eal  and  personal  estates 
:om  the  said  pretended 
the  advice  of  General 
the  same  Circumstances 

m,pertyanumberofthe 
,  ai-e  a  part)  have  been 
asure  of  the  Council  of 


Safety  for  the  aforesaid  pretended  State.  That  afterwards  your 
Petitioner  Oliver  Colvin  was  retried  npou  the  same  accusation 
by  Col"  Ethan  Allen  who  sentenced  him  to  be  banished  within 
the  lilies  of  the  Enemy.  That  your  Petitioner  last  mentioned 
having  been  set  at  Liberty  by  his  Excellency  Governor  Clinton 
i  received  a  Pass  to  return  home  to  his  Family,  sent  to  Mr. 
Thomas  Chittenden»(the  Governor  of  the  said  pretended  State) 
&  requested  that  he  miglit  be  permitted  to  go  and  take  care  of 
his  Family  so  long  as  he  behaved  as  a  Friend  of  the  United 
States.  That  M'  Chittenden  answered  that  your  Petitioner  was 
an  old  Yorker  and  Id  not  live  in  their  State.  And  that  your 
said  Petitioner  is  uu\v  icept  from  his  family  and  dares  not  return 
to  them.  I  iMu.  , 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  pray  that  this  honor- 
able House  will  take  into  their  serious  Consideration  the 
unfortunate  &  distressed  Situation  of  your  Petitioners  and  others 
who  continue  loyal  to  the  State  of  New  York,  &  take  measures 
for  effectually  defending  the  Persons  and  Property  of  your 
subjects  agreable  to  the  Resolutions  of  the  honorable  the  Legisla- 
ture passed  last  winter,  and  for  restoring  Harmony  to  that  part 
of  this  State  now  known  by  the  Name  of  the  State  of  Vermont . 
and  grant  such  further  Relief  In  the  Premises  as  to  this  honorable 
House  shall  seem  meet.  1> 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever  pray  &c 

"'  '  *       Jeremiah  Spencer 

Poughkeepsie  17t»>  Oc»  1778.     '  "-^  ^'      Oliver  Cotvm 


fiii    to 


^tr.  I 


^Ti»  (>8  '^>  'v.'r;i\m  I'. 

PETITION  FROM  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY  PRAYM 

PROTECTION. 


•i& 


v^l 


.<>  th"r   r,  awLi^mmW, 


"AU'l 


■li     i/i>5'r 


'    To  his  Excellency  George  Clinton  Esq'  Governor  of  the 
State  of  New  York  General  &  Commander  in  Chief 
of  all  the  Militia  &  admiral  of  the  Navy  of  the  same. 
The  Petition  of  the  Committees  of  the  Towns  of  Hinsdale, 
Guilford,  Brattleborough,  Fulham,  Putney,  Westmin- 
ster, Rockingham,  Springlield  and  Weathersfleld  in 


*'f 


ifr" 


i'- 


i    I 


1^ 


> 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


■  JO     ^^" 


i 

il 


2.0 


11.25  i  1.4 


1.6 


f^     "W 


'^i 


/A 


'/ 


Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


^I^ 


>>^«v^ 


23  WIST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER, NY.  MSM 

(716)  S73-4S03 


^ 

<^\<^ 

'^4" 


%° 


^ 


^ 


o 


w 


OOMTBOVSESY  MMWCtUifG  TBK 


:?  s 


*     ,  * 


Cumberland  County;  chosen  for  the  Purpose  of  oppof. 

ing  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  &  convened  at 

BratUeborpugh  the  4ti>  May  1779. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  there  being  »  numerous  party  in  avowed  opposition  to 
legal  authority,  your  Petitioners  and  others  have  been  compelled 
to  submit,  Chough  reluct^Uy,  to  live  ivithout^he  benefits  arising 
from  ft  well  regulated  Government.  They  have  been  destitute 
of  the  liegular  means  of  punishing  the  most  attrocious  oifenders 
k  of  compelling  th«  execution  of  private  Justice.  In  s1u>rt  they 
are,  and  Sot  a  long  time  have  been,  in  such  anarchy,  that  even 
Gommitteet  where  they  dp  exist,  are  without  Power. 

In  this  Distracted  State  your  Petitioners  have  waited,  with 
much  Impatience  the  Leizure  of  the  Grand  Council  of  the  Ame- 
rican Empire  to  whose  authority  alone  these  deluded  men  pre- 
tend  submission.  We  had  no  Doubt  as  we  understood  applica- 
tion had  been  made  for  the  Purpose,  but  Congress  would  use 
the  first  moment  tliey  could  spare  from  more  important  Concerns 
to  reoommend  to  tlie  revolted  subjects  of  the  State  a  Return  to 
their  Allegiance.  We  were  encouraged  to  expect  it  not  only  93 
the  Revolt  established  a  Precedent  which  might  be  dangerous 
in  other  States  and  as  the  Continent  could  derive  no  assistance 
of  Consequence  from  the  Grants  either  in  Men  or  Money,  whil« 
they  remain  Ufldw  a  disputed  Government,  But  because  the 
States  had  confederated  for  their  mutual  k  general  Wel&re,  and 
bound  themselves  to  assist  each  other  against  all  force  offered 
to,  or  attacks  made  upon  any  of  them,  on  Account  of  Sovereignty 
or  on  any  other  pretence  vfhatsoever.  But  to  our  very  great 
Surprise  k  Concern,  Congress  have  not  as  we  can  learn  done 
any  TlUng  since  the  year  1776  in  a  matter  of  so  great  Moment 
to  the  Peace  k  Harmony  of  the  Confederated  States. 

That  the  Partizans  for  a  new  State  have  confiscated  &  sold  & 
aiae  selling  many  valuable  real  &  personal  Estates. 

Tiiat  tliey  have  attempted  repeatedly  to  exercise  judicial  and 
military  Authority  over  those  who  continue  loyal  to  the  State 
of  New  Yorlc,  and  have  very  lately  had  the  assurance  to  take 
the  cattle  of  those  who  refused  to  comply  with  their  illegal  orders. 
Tl^y  have  also  assessed  k  endeavored  to  collect  Money  from 


\t 


Purpose  of  oppoi- 
nt  &  convened  ftt 


owed  opposition  to 
&ve  been  compelled 
^he  benefits  arising 
have  been  destitute 
attrocious  offenders 
itice.    In  short  they 

anarchyi  that  eyen 
t  Power. 

s  have  waited,  with 
Council  of  the  Ame- 
se  deluded  men  pre- 
B  understood  applica- 

Congress  would  use 
e  important  Concerns 
the  State  a  Return  to 
>  expect  it  not  only  as 

might  be  dangerous 
,  derive  no  assistance 

Men  01  Money,  whUs 
ent,  But  because  the 

general  Welfare,  and 

ilust  •»  force  offered 
ccount  of  Sovereignty 

lut  to  our  very  great 
as  we  can  learn  done 
of  80  great  Moment 

ited  States. 

e  confiscated  &  soldi 

"Estates. 

to  exercise  judicial  and 

iuueloyal  to  the  State 

|the  assurance  to  talie 
Uth  their  Illegal  orders. 

to  collect  Money  from 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRAKTS.. 


■jiift 


959 


those  who  do  not  admit  the  validity  of  their  authority  &  have 
been  restrained  only  by  force.  In  some  Instances  they  have 
Intiipidated  the  subjects  of  NewYwk  State  to  give  up  their  Pro- 
perty, rather  than  to  contend  with  them.  They  have  also  made 
Prisoner  of  a  Magistrate  acting  under  authority  of  the  State  of 
New  York,  in  a  matter  which  no  way  concerned  tlje  subjects  pf 
the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  and  compelled  him  to  give  a 
Bond  in  the  penalty  of  One  thousand  Pounds  lawful  money  of 
New  England  conditioned  for  his  Appearance  before  their  supe- 
rior Court  in  June  next.  In  fine  ffom  the  general  Tenor  of  theUr 
Conduct  they  now  appear  determined  at  all  events  to  enforce 
subinisslon  to  their  Government. 

That  the  subjects  of  the  State  of  New  York  here  cannot  long 
epdure  theijr  present  unhappy  Situation,  and  have  only  the  State 
to  which  they  owe  allegiance,  to  look  iip  to  for  succour  in  tliis 
critical  jp  calamitous  Hour. 

The  Protection  of  Individuals  &  their  Property  we  esteem  the 
prineipal  End  of  Oovernment:  That  Protection  we  have  a  Right 
to  claim  in  return  for  our  Allegiance;  ^nd  we  have  besides  the 
iplemn  Engagement  pf  the  Legislature  to  concur  in  the  necessary 
mMSures  for  prptiecting  the  loyal  Inhabitants  of  the  State,  residing 
in  the  Counties  of  Albany,  Charlotte  Cumberland  &.  Gloucester 
ifi  their  Persons  fit  Estates, 

Yonr  Petitioning  were  in  hopei  (hat  the  dis^fected  Pftrty 
m\M  uot  have  reduced  them  tp  the  disagreeable  necessity  of 
flying  for  protection  during  the  continuance  of  the  War  with^ 
Qmi  £ivitain)  but  our  present  Circumstances  loudly  demand  th^ 
sp^y  S(,  effectual  execution  of  the  Promise  m^de  by  the  Legis- 
lature; we  shall  otherwise  be  compelled  to  obey  a  Government 
v^m^h  we  view  us  an  Usurpation,  and  add  ourstrengtli  to  oppose 
ooe  ii^^iich  we  conceive  entitled  to  our  du|i|'ul  Ol^edience  5p  sup- 

Xonr  Petitioners  therefore  humbly,  and  in  the  most  urgent  ^ 
earnest  manner,  on  belialf  of  themselves  and  tlieir  Constituents 
^tr^at  that  ypnr  J^xcellency  will  take  immediate  &  effectual 
Measures  for  protecting  tlie  loyal  Subjects  in  this  part  of  the 
%te  in  their  Persons  and  Properties  &  to  convince  the  honor- 
i}4a  tli«  Congress  of  tlie  Impropriety  of  delaying  a  publication  of 


\'l^i 


■;      t 


.'      i 


.  «.|  v.j»\>^^**w^ 


l  ,1 


960 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE 


Ik  *     ' 


M"'- 


4  V 


^r- 


•'4   ''    - 


t^   ' 


;    i 


;%r.l  -i 


their  Sentiments  in  a  matter  which  so  nearly  concerns  tlie  Peace 

Welfare  &  probably  the  Lives  of  many  of  their  firm  adherents. 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever  Pray  &c. 

By  order  of  the  Committees 

Samuel  Minott  Chairman 
Brattleborough  4,^^  May  1779. 


..'■*:    |>- 


COL.  PATERSON  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 


>  .  Hinsdale,  May  5">  1779. 

May  it  please  your  Excellency, 

Some  late  conduct  of  the  Vermont  Party,  tending  rapidly 
towards  a  civil  War,  obliges  me  to  give  your  Excellency  early 
Intelligence  of  it,  and  of  our  Proceedings  in  Opposition  to  them. 
That  Party  having  ordered  Cap*.  James  Clay,  Lieu*.  Benjamin 
Wilson  &  one  M'.  Cummins  (all  acknowledged  subjects  of  New 
York  in  Putney)  to  provide  a  man  to  go  into  service  for  a  short 
space  of  time  to  guard  the  frontiers ;  the  week  before  last 
forcibly  took  a  cow  from  Cap*.  Clay  and  another  from  M"".  Wilson 
to  pay  a  person  they  had  hired  for  them  &  the  Expences.  Last 
Wednesday  was  the  Day  appointed  for  selling  the  Cattle;  at 
which  time  myself  and  field  Officers  &  a  considerable  part  of  my 
Regiment  met  all  unarmed  to  prevent  the  sale.  After  vainly 
endeavoring  with  calmness  to  convince  them  of  the  Impropriety 
of  this  Proceeding  &  to  persuade  them  to  give  up  the  Cattle,  we 
took  possession  of  them,  the  owners  drove  them  off  &  every 
man  returned  to  his  home.    "'''"  ^  '  '  «^ '''^  •  •  >  '5'- 

In  Fulham  some  Persons  subjects  of  New  York,  have  lately 
had  tlieir  property  tak«ii  from  them  by  direction  of  the  Vermont 
Officers  &  have  acquiesced  in  it  rather  than  to  contend ;  One 
other  was  also  threatened  with  the  like  usage,  but  since  our 
retaking  the  Cattle  in  Putney  they  have  been  quiet  about  it. 

In  Guilford  a  sum  of  money  was  assessed  upon  those  who 
were  supposed  to  have  done  least  in  the  War.  The  Persons  who 
were  to  collect  it  were  upon  a  Trial  frightened  from  it  by  those 
who  oppose  Vermont.    In  Westminster  &  Rockingham  thej 


cerns  the  Peace, 
irm  adherents, 
ever  Pray  &o. 
mittees 
lOTT  Chairman 


<  > 


ITON. 
),May5tM779. 


y,  tending  rapidly 
r  Excellency  early 
Opposition  to  them. 
iy,Lieut.  Cenjarain 
red  subjects  of  Neur 
I  service  for  a  short 
e  week  before  last 
her  from  M^  Wilson 
theExpences.    Last 
'lling  the  Cattle ;  at 
isiderablepartofmy 
5  sale.    After  vainly 
m  of  the  Impropriety 
rive  up  the  Cattle,  we 
re  them  off  &  every 

lew  York,  have  lately 
ection  of  the  Vermont 
han  to  contend ;  One 
usage,  but  since  our 
een  quiet  about  it. 
jssed  upon  those  who 
^ar     The  Persons  who 
'ened  from  it  by  those 
&  Rockingbam  they 


WEW  HAMPSHIRV  0IUST8. 


Ml 


liave  drafted  some  Yorkew.    I  feax  it  will  not  end  without  a 
disturbance,  as  in  those  Towns  the  Parties  are  nearly  equal. 

Col.  Fletcher  who  commands  the  new  State  Men  in  thi*  Reg«. 
hearing  that,  men  were  raising  to  prevent  selling  the  Cattle  of 
Messrs.  Clay  &  WUson,  went  over  to  their  Council  at  Arlington 
whether  for  men  or  advice  I  cannot  learn.  But  as  CoU.  Allen 
has  repeatedly  threatened  us  with  bis  Green  Mountain  Boys,  and 
some  of  that  Party  about  here  give  out  that  this  is  only  the 
beginning  of  the  matter;  aod  as  they  appear  resolute  to  enforce 
submission  to  their  Authority,  many  are  fearful  that  what  they 
have  already  done  has  been  in  pursuance  of  a  general  Plan  for 
subduing  all  those  who  are  in  Allegiance  to  New  York. 

In  this  Distracted  situation  I  would  request  your  Excelleiicy's 
particular  direction  how  far  for  the  future  to  proceed  in  tlie 
defence  of  the  Persons  &  Property  of  those  under  my  Command 
and  what  steps  to  take  if  the  Vermonters  should  attempt  by  Ibrce 
of  Arms  to  seize  the  Persons  or  Property  of  such  as  do  not 
acknowledge  their  authority. 

As  there  is  a  Probability  that  men  may  be  sent  from  the  West 
side  of  the  Mountain  to  assist  those  here  I  would  beg  leave  to 
suggest  to  your  Excellency  the  necessity  of  having  the  Militia 
of  Albany  County  held  in  Readiness  to  attack  them  if  they 
should  gather  with  that  design.  The  Brigadier  General  of  that 
County  may  with  ease  have  early  Information  of  any  plan  of  the 
kind,  by  employing  some  of  the  enemies  of  Vermont  in  their 
Towns  to  give  him  notice.  What  the  consequences  will  be  of 
permitting  the  Green  mountaineers  to  come  here  unmolested, 
may  be  easily  foretold. 

The  Legislature  having  promised  to  protect*  the  Persons  & 
Property  of  their  loyal  subjects  in  this  part  of  the  State,  it  has 
become  their  general  Desire  that  Measures  m&y  be  very  speedily 
taken  to  fulfill  that  Engagement ;  find  I  hope  your  Excellency 
will  pardon  my  saying  tliat  unless  it  can  be  speedily  done  I  must 
be  under  &  necessity  of  resigning  my  Commission.       k  ui  ?/ 

There  are  near  500  Officers  &  Men  under  my  Command  who 
are  in  general  but  poorly  armed  &  provided  with  Ammunition. 
I  am  not  yet.  prepared,  to  make  an  exact  Return  to  your  Excel* 
l«ney  as  some  of  my  Captains  have  not  yet  returned  the  state 

Vol.  IV.  61 


i; 

1 

T 

1 

t 

1 

•f 

■     ■ 

>  ) 

i 

n 


■•I 


It 


SI 


Ma 


OONTROYERST  RUVKOTIMO  THB 


nf  their  Companies  to  me  &  others  have  done  it  very  informally. 
The  field  Officers  have  thought  it  for  the  Interest  of  the  State 
to  acquaint  your  Excellency  with  our  present  situation,  have 
prevailed  on  Mr.  Townsend  to  wait  upon  you.  A  few  Individ- 
uals have  advanced  his  expences  &  agreed  to  pay  for  his  Time  & 
Horse  hire ;  but  as  it  is  the  Business  of  the  State  upon  which 
ha  goesj  it  will  be  discouraging  if  he  is  not  paid  by  the  State. 

va  Your  Excellency's 
Most  Obed*.  Servant, 

C  Eleazor  Patersoh. 

His  Excellency  Oov.  Clinton. 


*.' 


U'l 


Ah  <  * 

hi*     •     • 


5,       -U 


*«! 


L   ^1 


h 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  }SJi.  MINOTT. 


f-»f. 


t'  1^ 


Kingstown  U*''  May  1779. 

Sir,  .-^nvnfii'  ■ 

I  am  honored  with  the  Receipt  of  your  Petition  together  with 
a  letter  from  Col'  Patterson  on  the  subject  of  the  unhappy 
Disturbances  which  stiU  prevail  in  the  Northeastern  Parts  of  the 
State. 

I  have  anxiously  expeeted  for  some  time  the  Determination  of 
Congress  upon  this  important  matter  and  have  every  Reason  to 
believe  it  will  be  favorable  to  the  State  of  New  York. 

The  Business  has  however  been  deferred  tho'  I  am  confident 
from  no  other  Cause  than  that  the  Attention  of  Congress  has 
hitherto  been  called  to  objects  of  greater  moment,  I  shall  ngtwith- 
standing  immediately  transmit  to  them,  by  Express,  your 
Petition  and  ui^e  every  Argument  in  my  Power  to  induce  them 
speedily  to  determine  this  Controversy  and  by  a  seasonable 
Interposition  to  prevent  if  possible,  the  dreadful  Consequences 
of  having  recourse  to  arms. 

As  in  my  former  letters  so  in  this  I  forbear  to  point  out  the 
Line  of  Conduct  I  could  wish  the  well  afifected  Inhabitants  in 
your  Quarter  should  observe  upon  every  particular  occasion,  I 
conceive  it  impossible  and  therefore  can  only  recommend  in 
general,  firmness  &  Prudence,  and  in  no  instance  to  acknowledge 


ia 


.vr    !<•'< 


;  very  informally, 
erest  of  the  State 
it  situation,  have 
A  few  Indlvid- 
lay  for  his  Time  fit 
State  upon  which 
id  by  the  State. 

It, 

lAZOU  PATEBaOH. 


NOTT.  ,  |,, 

rn  14t»'  May  \Tt^' 

'etition  together  with 
30t  of  the  unhappy 
heastern  Parts  of  the 

the  Determination  of 
ave  every  Reason  to 
New  York.      .*^  .!>«  i* 

tho'  I  am  confident 
tion  of  Congress  has 
)ment,l8halln9twith- 
tt,  by  Express,  your 
Power  to  induce  them 

and  by  a  seasonable 
ireadful  Consequences 

•bear  to  point  out  the 
iffected  Inhabitants  in 
particular  occasion,  1 
in  only  recommend  in 
instance  to  acknowledge 


♦ 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  OBAim. 


963 


the  authority  of  Vermont,  unless  where  there  is  no  alternative 
left  between  Submission  &  inivitable  Ruin.  This  appears  to  me 
the  only  proper  advice  I  can  give  at  present  till  we  are  favored 
with  the  Sentiments  of  Congress  relative  to  the  Dispute  or  untU 
ve  are  convinced  the  Business  is  designedly  procrastinated  ;  in 
either  Case  as  the  Legislature  have  promised  so  I  have  no  doubt 
that  they  will  afford  you  Protection  &  that  effectual  measures 
will  be  immediately  taken  for  vindicating  the  Rights  of  this 
State  and  enforcing  a  due  Submission  to  legal  Government.  II 
however  any  Outrage  or  Violence,  which  you  may  suppose  will 
produce  blood-shed,  should  be  committed  in  the  Towns  continuing 
in  their  Allegiance  to  New-York,  either  by  Green  Mountain  Boys 
or  any  Parties  who  may  come  under  a  pretence  of  carrying  into 
Execution  the  Laws  of  Vermont  You  will  immediately  apprize 
me  of  it  and  you  may  be  assured  of  all  the  assistance  in  my 
power  &  I  trust  it  will  be  sufficient  for  your  Safety  &  Defence, 
in  the  meantime  I  will  myself  endeavor  to  procure  Intelligence 
&  if  I  should  discover  that  any  attempt  will  be  made  by  Verjnont 
to  reduce  you  by  force  of  arms  I  will  instantly  issue  my  orders 
to  the  militia  who  are  properly  equipped  &  who  will  be  led 
against  the  Enemies  of  the  State  whoever  tbey  may  happen  to 
be. 

From  the  Information  of  M'  Townsend  I  perceive  that  M' 
Grout  acquits  the  officers  who  apprehended  him  from  having 
acted  wrong  intentionally — should  this  however  upon  enquiry 
appear  not  to  have  been  the  case,  you  will  please  to  acquaint  me 
with  it  &  I  will  immediately  have  them  brought  to  Justice.  As 
W  Grout  is  bound  in  honor  to  indemnify  the  Gentleman  who 
became  his  Surety,  I  would  recommend  that  he  should  appear 
at  the  Court  agreeable  to  his  Recognizance  and  make  no  other 
Defence  than  merely  to  deny  their  Jurisdiction  and  as  the  Injury 
he  may  sustain  in  Consequence,  must  be  considered  as  a  sacrifice 
to  the  common  Cause  I  might  almost  venture  to  assure  him  that 
the  Legislature  will  make  him  proper  Compensation-Justice 
most  certainly  requires  it.      "  i  i^*  " 

I  have  desired  M'  Townsend  to  send  me  an  account  of  his 
Expences  upon  this  Errand  and  I  will  lay  it  before  the  Legislature 


■1     i 


■   i 


f  i 


for  payment. 


■■'■n 


i'v.A    tjajfti^j"  ji?^      ifmi  rN     !;:i  i 


M 


964 


coimw»viiuiT<  ntnarnxB'  the 


i 


^*l' 


I:  '•  » 


•^'i'  >  ^  I. 


(From  the  Oonfidenoe  I  hair« in  the  GentkmeA  who  npreient 
this  State  in  Congress  &  partieularif  the  Chief  Justice  who  was 
elected  for  the  special  Purpose,  I  am  persuaded  that  every  measure 
will  be  used  for  obtaining  the  Decision- of  Congress  relative  to 
this  Dispute ;  and  Uierefore  I  could  ardently  wish  that  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  Vermont  would  condiuct  themselves  in  such  manner  as 
to  avoid  the  necessity  o£  brii^^  matters  to  w  Crisis  ruinous  to 
them  &  very  ipjurious  to  individuals  among  us. 
You  will  please  to  communioal»  the  Contents  of  this  to  Coll. 

Patterson. 

]  Ma  &o.  Jio.  &o. 

Samuel  Minott  Esq' 


t.:|  «  v*fh.n  -ijir''"''  7Mi«  '■»;?//  ».^m\-H''-\ 


mi  • 


•  'i>A 


-ntl 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  PRESIDENT  JAY. 


'  ffr-f?  ♦,i!;:'>f^ 


m. 


Pokeepsie  May  18*  1779. 


Inclosed  I  transmit  copies  of  several  papers  relative  to  the 
Disorders  which  still  prevail  in  the  northeastern  Parts  of  this 
State  with  a  Request  that  you  will  please  to  lay  them  togetliet 
with  this  letter  l}efore  Congress. 

From  these  Papers  it  evidently  appeal's  that  matters  in  that 
Quarter  are  ikst  approaching  to  a  very:  serious  Crisis  which 
nothing  but  the  immediate  Interposition  of  Congress  can  possibly 
prevent. 

The  Legislature  have  item,  time  to  time  given  the  most  solemn 
assurances  of  Protection  to  their  well  affected  subjects,  and 
relying  upon  these  Promises,  the  Inhabitants  of  several  Towns 
have  hitherto  persevered  in  their  allegiance  to  this  state.  They 
will  not  I  imagine  rematu  much  longer  content  with  mere 
Promises,  and  I  daily  expect  that  I  shall  be  obliged  to  order 
out  a  force  in  their  Defence.  The  wisdom  of  Congress  will 
readily  suggest  to  them  what  will  be  the  Consciiijuence  of  subnet' 
ting  the  Controversy,  especially  at  this  Juncture  to  the  Decision 
of  the  sword.  It  will  not  however,  I  trust  be  imputed  to  this 
«tate  that   we  have    precipitately  had  recourse  to   coercive 


f. 


966 


ft  who  WpWWBt 

Justice  w\io  wM 
tiat  every  measure 
ogress  relative  to 
sh  that  the  Inhabi- 
i  such  manner  as 
i,  Crisis  ruinous  to 


s. 


y<'fi 


its  of  this  to  Coll. 


G|jQ,CUMT0M. 


t'U'  '. 


■  v-r.t 


It  m. 


•M'ii  ■'!'*  !•. 


le  May  18*  1779. 

ipers  relative  to  the 
leastern  Parts  of  this 
o  lay  them  together 

that  matters  in  that 
serious  Crisis  which 
Congress  can  possibly 

given  the  most  solemn 
affected  subjects,  and 
mts  of  several  Towns 
ce  to  this  state.    They 
,  content  with  mere 
^11  be  obliged  to  order 
aaom  of  Congress  will 
Consequence  of  submit 
uncture  to  the  Decision 
mt  be  imputed  to  th» 
recourse  to   coercive 


meagures.  We  have  anxiously  expected  the  sentiments  of  Con- 
gkess  upon  this  important  Business  and  it  was  car  earnest  wish 
(that  la  the  mean  time  the  Inhabitants  on  the  Grants  who^touy 
itlM  authority  of  this  State  would  by  «  proper  Conduct  on  their 
part  have  prevented  the  necessity  of  Force  j  but  Justice,  the 
iaith  of  Government  and  thePeaoe  and  Safety  of  society  will 
not  permit  us  to  continue  longer  passive  spectators  of  tlie 
f ioleaoes  committed  Upon  our  fellow  citizens. 

am  &e.  &o. 
HisIIxceUency  Gw>.  Cunxoh. 

John  Jay  Esq'.  Pre^id*  &o. 

-:.-r:ft'^t>  M..    ■ »|     . 

^  -"' '     SAMUEL  MINOTT  ESQ.  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 


rh' 


\ 


Brattleborough  May  25*''  1779. 


Bir 

The  Committee  of  this  County  who  are  now  met  for  the 
purpose  of  opposing  the  Authority  of  the  State  of  Vermont  take 
this  opportunity  to  inform  your  Excellency  by  Express,  That 
Col.  Ethan  AUioe  with  a  number  of  Green  Mountain  Boys  made 
his  appearance  in  this  County  yesterday  well  armed  and  equipt 
for  the  purpose  of  reducing  the  loyal  Inhabitants  of  this  County 
to  submission  to  the  authority  of  the  State  of  Vermont  and 
made  Prisoners  of  Col.  Patterson  Lieut.  Col.  Sergeant  &  all  the 
Militia  Officers  except  one  in  Brattleborough  with  Mr.  Towus 
end  and  a  number  of  otlier  Persons.  Tliey  have  also  taken  the 
Militia  Officers  in  Putney  &  Westminster  with  others ;  the 
nainber  of  Prisoners  Wje  cannot  ascertain.  Col.  AUine  declared 
that  he  had  five  lnHjdred  Green  Mountain  Boys  with  him — ^we 
are  not  able  to  ascertain  the  number,  but  believe  there  is  sat 
quite  so  ranny  who  are  come  from  tlie  west  side  of  the  Mountains; 
they  are  assisted  by  a  number  of  the  Inhabitants  of  this  County, 
where  they  will  carry  tlie  Prisoners  we  cannot  tell — Col.  Allin 
treated  the  people  here  with  the  most  insulting  language 
assaiilte<l  and  woiinded  several  persons  with  his  sword  without 
the  least  provocation,  and  bids  defiance  to  the  State  of  New- 


if 


:  •1. 

t 

« 

!     11 


966 


ooMTsOfsmiT  mMracTiiro  thk 


m 


n*-^. 


'-it'*  *^       T 

"ft     ' 


York,  declares  they  will  establish  their  State  by  the  sword,  and 
fight  all  who  shall  attempt  to  oppose  them.  Nothing  but  the 
reluctance  the  people  here  have  to  shedding  human  Blood  ceuld 
hinder  them  from  attempting  to  rescue  the  Prisoners—they  had 
every  insult  which  the  human  mind  is  able  to  conceive  of  to 
prompt  thetn  to  it.  Our  situation  is  truly  critical  and  distressing 
we  therefore  most  humbly  beseech  your  Excellency  to  talce  tlie 
most  speedy  &  effectual  Measures  for  our  Relief;  otherwise  our 
Persons  and  Property  must  be  at  the  disposal  of  Ethan  Allin 
which  is  more  to  be  dreaded  than  Death  with  all  its  Terrors^ 
Sir  we  are  with  the  greatest  esteem 

Tour  Excellency's  most  0I4  hum<>i«  servts 
Signed  by  order  of  the  Committee 

Samuel  Minott  Chairman. 
To  his  Excellency  George  Clinton  Esq.  Gov.  of  the  State  of 
New- York. 


.«»!  « 


J/  rfx'-*<i*^*^if'>^''*'''G' 


m^' 


-/»  i..,i 


V'\ 


UXI 


*^■■ 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  PRESIDENT  JAY. 

May  291*  1779. 
Sir  ^^t'^f^ 

-V  You  will  perceive  flrom  the  enclosed  Papers  that  what  I  hare 
long  expected  and  frequently  apprized  Congress  of  lias  actually 
happened.  Tliese  papers  which  need  no  Comment  I  have 
transmitted  to  your  Excellency  by  Express  with  an  earnest 
Bequest  that  you  will  please  immediately  lay  it  before  Congress. 
Altho'  this  matter  will  scarce  admit  of  a  moment's  delay ;  yet 
as  the  Legislature  are  to  meet  on  Tuesday  next  I  shall  defer 
taking  any  decisive  measures  (except  issuing  the  necessary 
orders  to  the  militia  to  hold  themselves  in  readiness)  until  I  can 
have  an  opportunity  of  obtaining  their  advice  and  Direction. 

I  am  &c.  &c. 
f*  Geo.  Clinton. 

His  Excellency  John  Jay  Esq.  President  of  Congress. 


It 


'."  ^t 


'.I 


#. 


the  sword,  md 
Nothing  but  tb« 
iman  Blood  Muld 
sonert — they  had 
to  conceive  of  to 
;al  and  distressing, 
llency  to  take  the 
ief ;  otherwise  our 
al  of  Ethan  Allln 
^  all  Ite  Terrors. 

bu  gervts 

mlttee 

liNOTT  Chairman. 

Jov.  oftheStoteof 


.  i' 

INT  JAY. 

May  29*  1779- 

^rs  that  what  I  have 
hgress  of  has  actually 
Lo  Comment  I  have 
Iress  with  an  earnest 
lay  It  before  Congress, 
[a  moment's  delay,  yet 
lay  next  1  shall  defer 
issuing  the  necessary 
^  readiness)  until  lean 

[vice  and  Direction. 
&c.  &.C. 

Geo.  Clihtom. 
of  Congress. 


?)i 


MSW  HAMMHIU  Q»A1 


M7 


'gov.  CLINTON  TO  THE  N.  T.  DELEGATION  IN  C0NGUS8S. 

May  9»o»  1779. 
Gentlemen, 

I  have  by  the  same  conveyance  with  this  dispatched  an  official 
letter  to  the  President  covering  the  Copy  of  a  latter  I  this  moment 
received  ttoia  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Cumberland 
County  to  which  I  must  refer  you  for  particulars. 

t  presume  it  is  unnecessary  to  Inform  you  that  the  Vermont 
Business  is  now  arrived  at  a  Crisis,  or  to  ui^e  any  arguments  to 
induce  your  utmost  exertions  in  obtaining  the  sense  of  Congress 
irithout  delay.    The  Legislature  will  meet  on  Tuesday  next  and 
in  the  mean  Time  I  shall  issue  my  orders  to  the  militia  k  make 
the  necessary  arrangements  for  marching  to  repel  this  outrage. 
I  shall  also  conceive  it  my  Duty  to  order  the  1000  men  destined 
for  the  Defence  of  tlie  frontiers  &  to  compleat  the  continental 
Battallions  except  such  small  part  as  are  already  annexed  to 
those  Regiments  to  march  to  Brattleborough  for  the  Protection 
of  that  and  the  adjacent  Towns  unless  the  Interposition  of 
Congress  shall  render  this  measure  unnecessary.    It  doubtless 
will  occur  to  you  that  the  Legislature  will  be  extremely  impatient 
for  an  answer  from  Congress ;  I  must  therefore  request  you  the 
moment  it  is  obtained  to  forward  it  by  a  special  messenger. 
jjiU*tr>»  I  am  &c  &c 

Geo.  Clinton. 
The  hon'***  the  New  York  Delegates  in  Congress. 


/    .    PRESIDENT  JAY  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Philadelphia  !•*  June  1779. 

Your  favor  of  the  Zgth  ult*  arrived  this  Morning  while  Con- 
gress were  in  a  Committee  of  the  wliole  House  considering  the 
applications  of  the  State  of  New  York  respecting  the  Disturbances 
on  the  Grants. 


Sir, 


i^ 


I  * 


.} 


W 


•  > 


* 


ffi::  .^vJi 


«B8 


ctnrnuyrvxiy  wBrttxytWi  the 


■  V 

I.* 


V     « 


I,  "    i 


It  Is  with  pleasure  I  obey  the  unanimous  order  of  CongrMg 

«r>t]taln«d  in  the  in^bsed  Resolution,  fbr  inlbrming  you  that  a 

more  «ar^  attention  would  have  been  paid  to  the  pressing  appH. 

cations  of  your  State  relating  to  the  Disturbances  mentioned  in 

j4wr  several  letters,  had  they  not  been  prevented  by  matters  of 

tlve  greatest  Importance,  and  that  Congress  will  continue  to  pay 

#qual  attention  to  the  rights  of  the  State  of  New  York  with  those 

of  the  other  states  of  the  Union. 

Yon  wiil  also  receive  herewith  inclosed  a  copy  of  another  act 

of  Congress  of  this  Day  on  the  same  Subject,  from  which  you 

will  perceive  it  to  be  th«  Design  of  Congress  to  send  a  ComiQit- 

tee  to  the  Inhabitants  on  the  Grants  to  inquire  into,  the  reason 

«vhy  they  refuse  to  continue  Citizens  of  the  respective  States 

which  hfereto£>r«  exercised  Jurisdiction  over  that  District,  and 

I»i4ake  every  prudent  Measure  to  promote  an  amicable  Settle- 

jnent  of  all  Differences  a^  prevent  Divisions  &  animosities  eo 

prejudicial  to  the  United  States.  ^ 

rxi  There  is  reason  to  believe  that  the  measures  adopted  by  this 

4ct  of  Congress  will  prove  Salutary,  Especially  as  it  was  passed 

with  uncommon  unanimity.    The  Committee  will  be  appointed 

to-morrow,  when  another  Express  shall  be  dispatched  to  infonn 

you  of  their  names  &c. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  A«.  &c. 

John  Jay  Preside. 
His  Excellency  Gov""  Clinton. 


.fcs!'ri!C' 


f  :i*rtY  t. 


ui  '.ti:  i 


y  ^:'  f  ...• 


Sir, 


THE  NEW  YORK  DELEGATION  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Philadelphia  l«t  June  1779. 


We  were  honored  with  your  favor,  of  the  SO*!*  ult"  this  morn- 
ing. Congress  was  then  in  a  Committee  of  the  whole  House 
considering  that  subject  They  came  to  several  Resolutions  which 
were  almost  unanimously  agreed  to  by  the  House  and  of  wliich 
the  President  sends  you  a  Copy  by  the  Express  who  carries 
this.         r- 


f  »i  HCw  HAMnniiic  aiuiiTf.r 


999 


rder  of  Congww 
mlng  you  that  a 
he  pressing  appU- 
kces  mentioned  in 
ited  by  matters  of 
111  continue  to  pay 
w  York  with  those 

•opy  of  another  act 
>t,  from  which  you 
9  to  send  a  Commit- 
ire  into.tlie  xeaMC 
tie  irespectiYe  States 
)r  that  District,  and 
,  an  amicable  BettVe- 
Lons  &  animosities  so 

lures  adopted  by  this 
[sially  as  it  was  passed 
^tee  will  be  appointed 
dispatched  to  inform 

Jobs  Jay  Presid*. 


GOV.  CLlTiTON. 
elphla  !•»  June  1779. 

Ithe  aoth  uU«  this  morn- 
lee  of  the  whole  llonse 
jveral  Resolutions  which 

Le  House  and  of  which 
le  Express  who  carries 


It  fSf^  u^  Pleasure  to  inform  you  that  onr  New  England 
BreCheren  «ame  very  generally  into  the  measure  and  appear 
llncerely  dlsin^sed  to  terminate  those  unhappy  Disorders.    The 
Moderation  observable  in  those  Resolutions  we  hope  will  meet 
with  your  approbation.    The  more  gentle  Just  k  persuasive  the 
Proceedings  of  Congress  In  this  Business  are  the  more  likely  they 
^\\\  be  to  succeed  and  If  treated  with  neglect  by  the  People  bf 
the  Grants,  the  gi^atcr  Degree  of  Indignation  will  such  negleet 
create  tlirough  all  the  States.   These  Resolutions  coincide  exactly 
with  the  Ideas  of  the  Eastern  Delegates.    The  Committee  will 
he  ehosen  to-morrow.    We  shall  for  many  obvious  Reasons  vote 
for  a  majority  of  eastern  men.    The  Proclamations  doing  Justice 
to  the  Revolters  have  had  a  happy  effect  here.    In  our  opinion 
it  will  be  wise  to  abstain  fi'om  Hostilities  for  the  present  and 
rather  suffer  a  little  than  shed  blood.    If  the  Members  of  Co»- 
irress  are  really  as  much  In  earnest  as  they  appear  to  be  all  will 
be  well.    We  are  very  much  disposed  to  credit  their  Dedantp 
tlons  on  the  subject  &  have  ground  to  hope  that  this  and  every 
other  Cause  of  Jealousy  may  be  done  away  and  Mutual  Conftdeme 
Harmony  &  good  Understanding  take  place  between  New  York 
fc  her  sister  States  to  the  eastward.    These  ure  essential  to  their 
common  Prosperity  &  must  give  sincere  pleasure  to  every  mH 
f  teber  of  the  American  Cause.    Be  assured  that  our  attenUoD 
to  the  Bights  of  our  Constituents  on  tlie  present  important  oent- 
gjon  sliall  not  cease  and  that  we  are  with  great  Respect  ead 
Egleem  Y^i^  Excellency's  most  obt.  Servts 

Wm  Floyd  John  Jat 

V      "  r '     Guuv'MoRRia       James  DuAVft* 
His  Excellency  (Jov.  Clinton.  ,     ' 


<:>:'  I    it!i 


PRESIDENT  JAY  TO  GOV.  GLINTON. 


.■.io'.» 


Sir, 


Philadelphia  July  1  June]  3<i  1779. 


f 

* 

>    1. 

< 

ft 

■    ■     M 

< 

'i       • 
* 

1 

• 

I  did  myself  the  Honor  the  Day  before  yesterday  to  transmit 
your  Excellency  a  Copy  of  an  Act  of  Congress  of  the  1«  InM 


970 


GQNTBOTKRSY   BE8PECTIKO  THE 


•r.  • 


»   # 


"-i  * 


i4 


*. 

•4» 


directing  among  other  Things  that  a  Committee  be  appointed  to 
repair  to  the  Inhabitants  on  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  for  the 
Purposes  mentioned  in  it.  The  Committee  was  appointed  yes- 
terday. They  are  the  Hon»»'«  Oliver  Elseworth  and  Jesse  Root 
of  Connecticut,  Timothy  Edwards  of  Massachusets  Bay,  Doctor 
Witherspoon  of  New  Jersey  &  Colo  Atlee  of  Pensilv>i.  Notice  will 
be  immediately  sent  to  each  of  the  Gentlemen  of  their  appomt. 
ment  and  I  shall  take  the  liberty  of  pressing  them  to  enter  oq 
the  Business  committed  to  them  without  delay. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  &c  &e 

John  JAT. 
His  Excellency  Gov' Clinton. 


S'h; 


.<^si:t:)U. 


Gent. 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  SAMUEL  MINOTT 

Camp  in  the  Highlands  June  7ti>  1779. 


*  Tour  Letter  by  Mr.  Sherburne  complaining  of  the  violences 
lately  committed  by  Ethan  Allen  &  others  upon  the  subjects 
of  this  State  in  Cumberland  County  I  have  transmitted  to  Con- 
gress and  most  earnestly  pressed  them  for  their  immediate 
interposition.  By  an  Express  I  am  informed  the  business  is 
under  consideration.  As  soon  as  I  receive  tlieir  final  Determin- 
ation, which  I  have  reason  to  hope  will  be  in  a  short  time  I  shall 
immediately  transmit  it  to  you. 

•  The  Legislature  were  to  liave  met  a  few  days  after  W.  Sher- 
burne arrived  which  induced  me  to  detain  him,  but  the  Incursion 
of  the  enemy  up  the  River  has  prevented  their  meeting  for  the 
present  and  obliged  me  to  tuke  tlie  field  with  the  Militia  to 
oppose  the  Common  Enemy.  The  moment  the  safety  of  the 
Country  will  admit  of  my  Return  I  shall  issue  my  Proclamation 
to  convene  the  Legislature  &  shall  lay  this  most  important 
matter  before  them,  when  I  trust  such  measures  will  be  concerted 
as  will  most  effectually  tend  to  insure  the  Peace  and  Safety  of 
the  Good  People  in  your  Part  of  the  State.  In  tlie  mean  time 
I  most  earnestly  recommend  to  you  to  continue  firm  in  the 


4i'X 


«e  be  appointed  to 
ihlre  Grants  for  the 
was  appointed  yes- 
rtli  and  Jesse  Root 
jbusets  Bay,  Doctor 
msilv*.    Notice  will 
en  of  their  appoint- 
ig  them  to  enter  on 

lay. 

>r  to  be  &«  &« 

JOBNJAT. 


MINOTT 
ands  June  7»»»  1779. 

ining  of  the  violences 
ers  upon  the  subjects 
je  transmitted  to  Con- 
fer their  immediate 
brraed  the  business  is 
re  tlieir  final  Determin- 
5  in  a  short  time  I  shall 

m  days  after  M'.  Sher- 
t  him,  but  the  Incursion 

i  their  meeting  for  the 
;ld  with  the  Militia  to 
iixent  the  safety  of  the 
issue  my  Proclamation 
[y  this  most  important 
.asures  will  be  concerted 

he  Peace  and  Safety  of 

^te.    In  the  mean  time 

continue  finn  in  the 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


m 


Cause  in  which  you  are  engaged  and  to  conduct  yourselves  with 

prudence  towards  the  Revolters  and  you  may  rest  assured  that 

I  shall  make  every  exertion  for  your  Protection  of  which  the 

Executive  Authority  of  Government  is  capable. 

I  am  &c.  &c.  &c. 

, ,,.    ,^  _,        _,   ,  ,  ,  Gko.  Cliktok. 

Samuel  Minott  Esqr.  Chairman  of  the 

Committee  of  Cuml>erK'.  County. 


(# 


Sir, 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  CONGRESS. 

Camp  Highlands  7»i>  June,  1779. 


I  had  the  Honor  of  receiving  your  Letter  of  the  first  of  June 
covering  simdry  Resolutions  of  Congress,  relative  to  the  pretended 
State  of  Vermont  at  this  Place  where  I  have  collected  a  very 
large  body  of  the  Militia  of  the  State  in  order  to  strengthen  the 
continental  army  under  Major  Gen*.  McDougall  k  to  oppose 
the  Designs  of  the  Enemy  who  had  advanced  In  force  within 
eight  miles  of  our  army.  The  Legislature  of  this  State  were 
to  have  met  on  the  1*^  Inst,  but  have  been  prevented  by  the 
present  alarm  great  part  of  the  members  as  well  as  the  principal 
officers  ol  Government  being  now  in  tlie  field.  This  has  ren- 
dered it  impossible  to  lay  before  the  Legislature  at  present  the 
Resolutions  of  Congress  transmitted  to  me ;  which  from  their 
nature  demand  in  my  opinion  their  most  serious  Consideration.. 

It  is  with  an  astonishment  equal  to  my  Concern  that  I  observe 
the  Congress  have  passed  over  in  profound  silence  the  Remon- 
strances on  the  seizure  and  Imprisonment  of  the  principal 
officers  of  Government  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  by  the 
Revolters  of  this  State.  So  that  without  the  interposition  of  this 
Government  (which  consistent  with  the  Honor  and  Justice  of  the 
State  cannot  be  withheld)  these  Persons  must  fall  a  sacrifice  to 
the  ambitious  &  interested  views  of  a  violent  and  wicked 
faction — and  what  renders  their  silence  still  more  extraordinary 
is,  that  Ethan  Allen  having  the  Rank  of  a  Col',  in  the  service 


■  Mil 


,!   ♦ 


i 


H       '■ 


I  s 


yi2 


COKTROYSRSY  RS8PBCTIN0  THE 


4., -,. 


H'}» 


p**' 


.1  '  * 

W'  - 


J,  *•' . 

■-«;  vis*-'. ' 


"""    "^:    V^        I 


61  Ine  linlted  States  was  a  principal  JLctor  in  Itiis  outrage.  "Bo^ 
tax  this  Conduct  is  consistent  with  the  Repeated  Resolutions  of 
Congress  recorded  on  tlieir  Journals  that  they  will  discountenance 
every  species  of  Disrespect  shewn  by  any  Officers  in  th^Ir 
Service,  to  the  Legislative  or  Executive  authority  of  the  respec- 
tive States  or  with  their  Resolution  of  the  first  of  June  noir 
transmitted  to  me  <<  that  they  will  pay  an  equal  Attention  to  the 
Rights  of  the  State  of  New  York  with  those  of  the  other  States 
in  the  Union"  I  shall  for  the  present  leave  it  for  their  Candor  to 
determine.  I  cannot  however  forbear  observing,  that  the  present 
Inattention  of  Congress  on  this  point  strikes  me  with  additional 
surprise  when  I  consider  this  is  not  the  first  Instance  in  wliich 
the  Person  I  have  mentioned  and  some  others  of  their  officers 
of  high  Rank  have  aimed  a  bold  stab  at  the  Honor  &  authority 
of  this  State.  So  long  ago  as  the  month  of  August  last  I 
remonstrated  to  Congress  thro*  Gen'.  Washington  on  the  Conduct 
of  Brig'.  Gen'.  Starke  then  commanding  at  Albany  for  receiving 
from  tlie  revolted  subjects  of  this  State  several  of  its  citizens 
who  had  been  apprehended  and  destined  to  Banishment  by  Col'. 
Allen  &  his  associates  &  for  detaining  them  under  military 
confinement.  To  this  atrocious  insult  on  tlie  civil  authority 
of  this  State  Congress  though  made  acquainted  with  it  has  not 
to  this  day  thought  proper  to  pay  the  least  attention. 

However  pure  the  Intention  of  Congress  may  have  been  in 
this  Resolution  for  appointing  a  Committee  to  confer  with  the 
Revolted  Citizens  of  this  State  I  am  apprehensive  it  will  by  no 
means  produce  the  salutary  Eitects  for  which  I  suppose  it  was 
calculated, — for  notwithstanding  the  just  &  generous  Terms 
offered  by  my  different  Proclamations  founded  on  the  Resolutions 
df  the  Legislature  of  this  State,  the  refractory  Disposition  of 
the  principal  Actors  in  this  Revolt  lias  still  Increased.  By  them 
It  will  be  considered  as  an  implied  acknowledgement  of  their 
autliority  &  thereby  tend  to  strengthen  tlie  usurpation  ;  and  in  the 
minds  of  the  well  effected  Citizens  who  know  the  repeated  and 
uncontradicted  Declarations  which  the  principal  Revolters  have 
made  that  they  have  received  Encouragement  from  several 
Members  of  Congress  some  of  whose  names  are  mentioned  and 
Who  have  observed  that  th6  most  flagrant  Insults  against  the 


Is  outrage.    How 
ed  Resolutions  of 
ill  discountenance 
Officers  in  tliiir 
rity  of  the  respec- 
first  of  June  now 
al  Attention  to  the 
of  the  other  States 
for  their  Candor  to 
iug,  that  the  present 
me  with  additional 
jt  Instance  in  which 
lers  of  their  officers 
8  Honor  &  authority 
h  of  August  last  1 
igton  on  the  Conduct 
Albany  for  receiving 
ieveral  of  its  citizens 
» Banishment  by  CoV. 
kern  under  mUitaty 
tt  the  civil  authority 
inted  with  it  has  not 
attention.  ,     , 
■ss  may  have  been  III 
tee  to  confer  with  the 
ehensiveit  will  by  no 
lich  I  suppose  it  was 
it  &  generous  Terras 
tied  on  the  Resolutions 
.•actory  Disposition  of 
11  Increased.    By  them 
liowledgement  of  their 
usurpation;  and  in  tlie 
Iknow  the  repeated  and 
incipal  Revolters  have 
■ageraent  from  several 
af  8  arc  mentioned  and 
int  Insults  against  th« 


NEW  BAMPSHIBE  0BANT9. 


vm 


civil  authority  of  this  State  even  by  Officers  of  Congress  have 
l,^tn  totally  disreg^fided  It  will  I  liave  too  muob  otuise  to  fiof 
excite  fresh  Jealousies.    For  these  Reasons  and  because  the  last 
clause  of  the  Resolution  seems  to  hold  up  a  principle  which  may 
be  considered  by  the  Legislature  as  subversive  of  the  internal 
Mtyof  the  State.    I  submit  it  to  the  Consideration  of  Congress 
whether  it  would  not  be  prudent  to  postpone  the  Journey  of  the 
Obmfflittee  till  such  time  as  the  Legislature  hive  convened  & 
tsken  the  Resolutions  of  Congress  under  consideration.    Vox 
htwrever  prejudicial  a  Delay  in  this  matter  will  certainly  be  to  the. 
Interests  of  the  State,  the  evils  resulting  from  it  would  not  be  so 
extensive  as  these  which  might  ensue  from  a  breach  betwixt  the ! 
Legislature  and  the  Geni  Congress. 

These  Remarks  it  has  become  my  Duty  as  the  supreme  Execu- 
tive Magistrate  of  this  State  to  make  on  the  Resolutions  trans- 
mitted to  me. 

What  the  sense  of  the  Legislature  on  them  will  be  I  cannot 
t^e  upon  me  to  determine  ;  but  if  I  can  judge  from  the  senti- 
ments of  several  members  of  the  Legislature  fit  principal  officers 
of  Government  now  with  me  to  whom  I  have  communicated 
tBeox  I  have  reason  to*  think  they  will  be  considered  as  by  no 
means  satisfactory. 

The  measure  of  the  sufferings  of  this  State  is  nearly  full. 
Those  which  have  been  brought  upon  them  by  their  spirited 
exertions  in  the  Common  Cause  &  the  operations  of  a  powerful  & 
enraged  enemy,  they  have  I  trust  submitted  to  with  a  becoming 
finnness.  In  what  light  they  will  consider  the  attacks  made 
upon  them  in  the  Hour  of  their  Distress  by  those  who  ought 
\ff  be  their  fWends  and  supporters  will  be  best  judged  of  by 
considering  the  unconquerable  spirit  they  have  shown  in  resisting 
the  Incroachments  and  usurpation  of  the  British  Government. 
As  tlie  critical  situation  In  which  the  Resolutions  of  Congress 
have  placed  the  executive  authority  of  this  State  will  constrain 
me  to  quit  the  field  in  order  to  convene  the  Legislature  you  will 
be  pleased  to  direct  your  next  i-^tter  for  me  at  my  house  at 
Polteepsie.  ^    «*- ■-  j  ^m  &c.  &c.  &c. 

Geo.  Ciinton. 
His  Excellency  John  Jay  Esq.  President  of  Congress. 


1 

i 

1 

>                » 

S                      1 

t» 

974 


OOMTBOYVHSY  BEaPICTINO  THE 


mi 


*     * 


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Ill::- 


»*, 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  N.  Y.  DELEGATION  IN  CONGRESS. 

Camp  in  the  Highlands  1^  June  I779. 
Gentlemen.  *    ' 

I  received  your  letter  respecting  the  Resolutions  of  Congress 
relative  to  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  at  this  Place  where  I 
have  collected  a  lai'ge  body  of  the  Militia  of  the  State  in  order 
to  strengthen  the  Continental  Army  and  to  oppose  the  Designs 
of  the  Common  Enemy — ^my  public  letter  to  Congress  of  this 
date  is  expressive  of  my  sentiments  on  those  Resolutions  &  I  am 
confirmed  in  them  by  the  concurring  opinion  of  several  mem- 
bers of  the  Legislature  8^  of  the  principal  officers  of  Govern- 
ment who  are  now  with  me  in  the  field.  I  lament  extremely 
that  at  a  crisis  so  alarming  not  only  to  the  safety  of  the  State 
but  to  the  general  weal  I  should  be  under  the  necessity  of 
withdrawing  from  the  immediate  command  of  the  militia  at 
this  Place  &  of  convening  the  Legislatiu:e  in  order  to  lay  before 
them  the  Resolutions  of  Congress.  What  effect  this  must 
necessarily  have  upon  the  militia  I  shall  leave  it  to  yourselves 
to  determine.  Had  the  Resolutions  of  Congress  taken  proper 
notice  of  the  late  attrocious  outrage  committed  against  the 
Authority  of  this  State  by  an  officer  holding  Rank  in  their 
service  and  had  they  adopted  some  measure  for  liberating  the 
civil  &  military  officers  of  the  county  of  Cumberland  now 
imprisoned  by  persisting  in  their  allegiance  to  this  State  &  for 
preventing  the  like  outrages  in  future  it  might  at  least  for  the 
present  have  in  some  measure  atoned  for  the  insufficiency  of 
their  Resolutions.  How  the  interposition  of  this  State  in  favor 
of  their  Servants  can  consistent  with  its  Honor  &  Justice  be 
longer  withheld  I  am  at  a  loss  to  determine.  You  will  be 
pleased  to  direct  your  next  letters  for  me  at  Pokeepsie. 

I  am  &c.  &.C.  &c. 

Geo.  Clinton. 
Thehon»»'« 

The  New  York  Delegates  in  Congress. 


if 


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KKW   HAMPSHIKti  ORAHT8. 


IN  C0N6IIE88. 
7th  June  1779.  i^ 

ions  of  Congress 
his  Place  where  I 
tie  State  in  order 
»pose  the  Desips 
,  Congress  of  this 
Resolutions  &.  I  am 
1  of  several  mem- 
officers  of  Govern- 
lament  extremely 
i  safety  of  the  State 
er  the  necessity  of 
d  of  the  miUtla  at 
X  order  to  lay  hefore 
it   effect   this  must 
ive  it  to  yourselves 
ingress  taken  proper 
araitted  against  the 
^ding  Rank  in  their 
are  for  liberating  the 
lof  Cumberland  now 
to  this  Steto  &  for 
iight  at  least  tor  the 
the  insufficiency  of 
of  this  State  in  favor 
Honor  &  Justice  he 
mine.    You  will  he 
it  Pokeepsie.  f 

Geo.  Custom. 


LUU^- 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  GEN.  WASHINGTON. 

Camp  Hifl;hlands  /une  7Ui  1779 


Sir, 
It  is  with  infinite  Regret  I  inform  your  Excellency  that  in 

consequence  of  some  violent  Outrage  lately  committed  in  the 

County  of  Cumberland  and  which  tlie  Resolutions  of  Congress 

(copies  of  which  I  do  myself  the  honor  to  transmit)  do  not  in  my  • 

opinion  tend  to  remedy,  the  Duty  I  owe  to  tlie  State  will  soon 

constrain  me  to  quit  the  field,  in  order  to  convene  the  Legislature 

and  to  make  the  necessary  arrangements  for  vindicating  the 

Authority  of  this  government,  I  had  flattered  myself  that  in 

consequence  of  my  Representation  that  Ethan  Allen  having  the 

Rank  of  a  Col'  under  Congress  had  with  his  associates  seized  & 

imprisoned  the  principal  civil  &  military  officers  of  this  State  in 

the  County  of  Cumberland,  the  justice  and  wisdom  of  Congress 

would  have  adopted  such  measures  as  might  have  prevented  this 

State  from  the  cruel  necessity  they  will  too  probably  be  reduced 

to  in  a  short  time  of  oppos'ing  force  to  force  Your  Excellency 

who  knows  my  Inclinations  &  Conduct,  the  Zeal  &  Exertions  of 

this  State  in  the  Common  Cause  &  their  long  &  patient  forbearance 

under  the  usurpation  of  its  revolted  citizens  will  judge  with 

what  anxiety  we  look  forward  to  the  cruel  dilemma  to  which  by 

the  great  principle  of  self  preservation ;  we  may  shortly  be 

reduced ;  and  this  anxiety  is  rendered  doubly  Painful  by  the 

Reflection,  that  the  gen'  interest  of  America  must  necessarily  be 

affected  by  applying  the  Resources  for  maintaining  the  authority 

of  this  State,  which  have  been  so  amply  and  liberally  afforded 

by  them  since  the  commencement  of  the  war  in  support  of  the 

common  Cause.    It  is  become  my  Duty  however  to  provide  in 

time  for  such  operations,  as  the  Legislature  may  think  proper 

to  adopt  in  consequence  of  the  Resolution  of  Congress,  which  I 

iiave  reason  to  imagine  will  be  considered  as  by  no  means 

satisfactory.    I  have  therefore  to  request  that  your  Excellency 

will  be  pleased  to  give  the  necessary  Directions  for  returning 

witiiin  the  State  the  six  brass  six  Pounders  together  with  their 

apparatus  which  the  State  lent  for  the  use  of  the  Army  in  1776 

or  that  in  case  of  loss,  you  will  order  them  to  be  replaced  as  soon 


!   F 


II 


* 


Pi'*    si 


if,    r4 


*■  Ik 


J^  COKTROYEBST  RESPEOTIiro  THE 

as  possible.  In  order  that  timely  Measures  may  be  adopted  for 
supplying  a  sufficient  quantity  pf  Provisions  for  the  Army  I  think 
it  incumbent  on  me  to  inform  your  Excellency  that  the  Maga- 
sine  of  Flour  which  the  Legislature  have  authorized  me  to  colleet 
may  probably  be  wanted  for  the  operations  which  may  be  deemed 
necessary  to  support  the  authority  of  the  State;  and  that  it  is  not 
unlikely  I  shall  not  only  be  prevented  from  filling  up  the  conti- 
nental Battalions  by  the  drafts  from  the  Militia  already  made 
but  tliat  by  the  Attention  to  the  civil  and  military  duties  I  owe 
particularly  to  the  State  in  this  critical  Conjuncture  I  may  not 
be  able  to  carry  into  Execution  the  measures  I  suggested  to  your 
Excellency,^nd  which  you  tliought  proper  to  approve  of,  for 
Ikvoring  the  operations  on  the  western  frontiers:  However  as 
I  am  particularly  anxious  for  the  success  of  the  Enterprize  in 
that  quarter  it  is  my  determination,  to  abide  by  my  former  Inten- 
tions, unless  restrained  by  superior  Considerations,  and  to  conti- 
nue to  give  your  Excellency  every  aid  in  my  Power,  under  the 
present  Circumstances  of  the  State,  for  opposing  the  common 
Enemy.  *       lam&c.  &c.&c. 

His  Excellency  Gen^  Washington.  Geo:  Clinton. 


RESOLUTIONS  OF  CONGRESS  ON  THE  PRECEDING. 

,  In  Congress  June  16t>>  1779. 

The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  Letter  of  7ti>  June 
ftom  Governor  Clinton  brought  in  a  Report  whereupon  Resolved 
unanimously  that  the  Officers  acting  under  the  State  of  New 
York,  who  were  lately  restrained  of  their  lil)erty  by  certain  Per- 
sons of  a  District  called  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  ought  to  be 
immediately  liberated. 

Resolved  unanimously  that  the  Committee  appointed  to  repair 
to  the  Inhabitants  of  a  certain  District  known  by  the  Name  (A 
the  New  Hampshire  Grants  be  directed  to  inquire  into  the 
Matters  and  Things  contained  in  the  Letters  of  Governor  Clinton 
of  the  29th  May  and  of  the  T*"*  Instant  and  that  Copies  of  the 
said  Letters  be  transmitted  to  the  said  Committee  and  that  they 
bf^  directed  to  report  specially  to  Congress. 


MEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


Wk 


Resolved  unanimously  that  it  Avas  not  the  Intention  of  Con- 
gress by  their  Resolutions  of  tlie  first  Instant  nor  ought  tlie  same 
or  any  part  thereof  to  be  construed,  to  hold  up  Principles  sub- 
versive of  or  unfavoui-able  to  the  internal  Polity  of  any  or  eitlier 
ofthe  united  States. 

Tiiat  Congress  expect  very  salutary  effects  from  the  Appoint- 
ment of  the  said  Committee  therefore,  all  further  proceedings  on 
Governor  Clinton's  Letter  be  postponed  until  they  report. 

Extract  from  the  Minutes 
(Copy)  Cha  Thomson  Sec^r 


AHA 
f 


COMMITTEE  OF  CONGRESS  TO  SAMUEL  MINOT,  Esq.  &c. 

Bennington,  June  23«i,  1779. 
Ctentlemen, 

The  Subscribers  are  here  at  present  as  Members  of  a  Commit- 
tee of  Congress  sent  for  the  express  purpose  of  endeavouring  to 
bring  about  an  amicable  settlement  of  the  Differences  between 
the  State  of  New  York  and  the  Inhabitants  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire Grants  who  have  formed  themselves  into  a  State  called  by 
them  the  State  of  Vermont.  We  have  understood  that  you  and 
others  who  adhere  to  the  State  of  New  York  have  declined  taking 
your  Turn  of  Militia  Duty  for  the  Defence  of  the  frontiers 
because  the  Requisition  was  made  under  the  Authority  of  the 
State  of  Vermont  and  that  you  have  met  with  some  Trouble  on 
this  Account.  We  have  therefore  sent  this  to  inform  you  that 
we  hope  there  will  be  by  interposition  of  Congress  a  happy 
Accomodation  of  all  Differences  in  a  short  Time  ;  in  the  tnean 
wliile  we  have  obtained  a  promise  from  Governor  Chittenden 
that  you  shall  not  be  molested  till  matters  are  finally  settled  and 
we  liave  engaged  to  write  to  you  voluntarily  and  freely  to  raise 
your  full  Proportion  of  Men  whenever  your  Neighbours  ai-e  called 
aud  you  are  informed  of  this  either  l)y  continental  Officers  or  the 
New  State  till  such  Time  as  you  have  Special  Directions  from 
the  Governor  of  New  York  which  we  hope  to  obtain  for  you  on 
our  Return  hence.    This  we  are  confident  you  will  readily  comply 

Vol.  IV,  62 


■». 


M 


'  I' 


■    '"      '  '5 


978 


OONTBOVEBST  RESPECTING  THB 


with  as  otherwise  People  will  be  tempted  to  impute  your  Conduct 
to  disaiTection  to  the  Cause  of  tlie  United  States.  We  liope  you 
will  understand  that  the  Protection  and  Forbearance  wiiicli  js 
promised  in  your  behalf  is  to  be  considered  as  on  the  condition 
of  your  cordially  complying  with  our  Request  and  in  every 
Respect  behaving  quietly  and  orderly  while  the  measures  for 
Pacification  are  on  foot. 


GOV.  CHITTENDEN'S  PROMISE. 


,i   ' 


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Sir, 


Bennington  23'.  June  1779. 


Your  favor  by  M'.  Tucker  came  to  hand  yesterday.  Am 
unhappy  to  hear  of  a  second  Insurrection  and  open  Violation 
of  the  Authority  of  this  and  the  United  States ;  The  present 
distressed  Situation  of  our  northern  Frontiers  absolutely  demands 
the  assistance  of  their  Brethren  and  Friends.  Am  sorry  to  find 
that  private  difficulties  should  in  the  least  impede  and  prevent 
a  general  Union  in  Defence  of  the  Grand  Contest  on  wliich  the 
Liberty  and  happiness  of  the  whole  depends. 

With  pleasure  I  can  inform  you  (and  desire  the  same  may  be 
communicated  to  the  respective  Inhabitants)  that  a  Committee 
of  the  honorable  Continental  Congress  have  arrived  at  this  Place, 
from  which  we  may  expect  the  most  salutary  and  agreeable 
effect  in  a  speedy  Settlement  of  the  unhappy  Dispute  between 
this  and  the  State  of  New  York. 

"  From  the  Situation  of  the  present  affairs  and  the  pressing 
necessity  of  securing  our  frontier  Inhabitants  together  with  the 
Advice  of  the  Committee  aforesaid  transmitted  in  a  Letter ;  I 
presume  the  Inhabitants  will  readily  turn  out  in  Defence  of  their 
Country  agreable  to  orders ;  and  in  the  mean  Time  I  would 
recommend  while  they  continue  to  do  their  proportion  in  the 
present  War,  the  suspending  of  all  prosecutions  in  the  Law 
against  those  who  acknowledge  themselves  Subjects  of  tlie  State 
of  New  York  (except  Capitol  Offences)  until  Congress  make  a 
final  Determination  in  the  Matter. 

I  am  Sir  Your  hum""'*.  Ser*.  ^  ^ 

■■  Thos.  Chittenden. 

?  A  true  Copy  p' Jos.  Fat.  .  „  >; 


'.'^  •' 


1 


pute  your  Conduct 
tes.  We  hope  you 
ibearance  which  is 
as  on  the  condition 
^uest  and  in  every 
e  the  measures  tor 


USE. 

m  23*.  Jtine  1779. 

ind  yesterday.  Am 
;  and  open  Violation 
States;  The  present 
rs  absolutely  demands 
Is.  Am  sorry  to  find 
;  impede  and  prevent 
Contest  on  which  the 

ds. 

jsire  the  same  maybe 

nts)  that  a  Committee 
P  arrived  at  this  Place, 
alutary  and  agreeable 
appy  Dispute  between 

fairs  and  the  pressing 
tants  together  with  the 
imitted  in  a  Letter ;  I 
out  in  Defence  of  their 

,  mean  Time  I  would 
their  proportion  in  the 
osecutions  in  the  Law 
es  Subjects  of  the  State 
until  Congress  make  a 

'  Thos.  Chittendeh. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRAMTI. 


971 


GOV.  CHITTENDEN'S  ANSWERS  TO  THE  QUERIES  OF  THE 
COMMITTEE  OF  CONGRESS. 

State  of  Vermont,  Bennington,  24th  June,  1779. 
Gentlemen, 

Agreable  to  your  Requisition  I  have  made  and  subjoined  to 

your  Questions  the  following  answers,  viz  : 
Q :  Are  there  any  Lands  in  this  State  still  unpatented  1 
A  :  Yes  a  large  Body  which  was  not  granted  previous  to  the 

king's  Prohibition  to  the  Governor  of  New  York. 

2  Q :  Are  there  any  Lands  which  have  been  patented  by  the 
State  of  Vermont  and  in  what  Condition  were  they  before  7 

A :  None  as  yet  but  many  Petitions  are  made  and  are  on  File 
waiting  for  a  settlement  of  the  public  Disputes. 

3  Q :  Are  there  any  Lands  patented  under  New  Hampshire 
and  regranted  to  different  Persons  under  New  York  but  are  not 
yet  occupied  by  either  of  the  Grantees.  ' 

A :  Yes  a  large  quantity. 

4  Qu  :  Are  there  any  Lands  patented  under  New  York  of  date 
prior  to  the  Patents  under  New  Hampshire  and  at  present 
possessed  under  the  New  Hampshire  Title  ? 

A :  Some  old  Patents  of  New  York  are  said  to  extend  over 
some  Parts  of  the  Townships  of  Pownal,  Bennington  and  Shafte- 
bury. 

5  Qu  :  Are  there  any  Persons  living  in  the  State  of  Vermont 
upon  the  New  Hampshire  Rights  who  have  large  Property  in 
Lands  in  different  Townships  not  yet  improved  ] 

A :  Some  few  there  are  and  there  is  many  that  own  small 
Qaantities. 

6  Qu.  Are  there  any  Persons  in  actual  Possession  of  Lands 
under  the  New  York  Title  to  which  others  have  a  prior  Right 
under  New  Hampshire  t 

A:  Yes  some  few. 

7  Qu :  Are  you  satisfied  that  the  Proclamations  by  the  Governor 
of  New  York  would  secure  your  Property  in  the  Soil  tho'  the 
jurisdiction  were  allowed  1 

A  :  By  no  Means,  as  it  is  only  a  shadow  without  any  principle 
Substance  calculated  to  answer  sinister  Purposes  which  is  implied 


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lb  his  srcond  Proclumation  viz* :  <'  That  all  such  lands  ^vhieh 
Imyb  heretofore  been  granted  by  the  Governments  of  New 
Hampshire  or  Vlassachusetls  Bay  and  have  not  been  since  Granted 
by  tlie  Government  of  New  York "  the  words  "  and  have  not 
since  been  granted  by  the  Government  of  New  York "  wholly 
exclude  the  most  valuable  Lands  in  this  State  ;  including  that 
whicli  is  in  actual  Possession,  as  the  State  of  New  Yorlc  have 
since  made  Grants  of  the  same  Lands — and  I  presume  to  say  it 
is  not  in  tlie  Power  of  tlie  Legislature  of  New  York  to  confirn) 
those  Lands,  being  previously  granted  to  others.  Tiiere  are 
sundry  other  Passages  in  tlie  same  Proclamation  equally  insulQ- 
fent  and  dissatisfactory.  . 

8  Qu  :  If  the  Property  of  your  Lands  were  perfectly  secured 
to  you  would  you  be  wiUing  to  return  under  the  Jurisdiction  of 
New  York  ? 

A :  We  are  io  the  fullest  sense  as  unwilling  to  be  under 
the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York  as  we  can  conceive  America 
would  to  revert  back  under  the  Power  of  Great  Britain  (except 
a  few  disaffected  Inhabitants  who  say  they  will  become  willing 
subjects  of  this  State  on  the  approbation  of  Congress)  and  we 
should  consider  our  Liberties  and  Privileges  (both  civil  and 
Eeligious)  equally  exposed  in  future  Juvasions. 

9  Qu  :  Would  your  returning  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  New 
York  promote  or  hinder  the  complete  Settlement  of  the  Country] 

A  :  Experience  has  taught  me  to  believe  that  it  would  greatly 
impede  the  settlement  of  tliis  Country  to  have  it  affixed  to  New 
York. 

10  Qu  :  What  was  the  occasion  of  Col»  Allen's  proceeding  by 
arms  to  take  and  confine  sundry  officers  in  Cumberland  Couaty 
who  professed  to  be  subjects  of  tlie  State  of  New  York  ? 

A.  Col»  Allen  proceeded  into  Cumberland  county  under 
Direction  of  the  Civil  Authority  of  this  State  to  assist  the  Sheriff 
in  the  Execution  of  his  office  in  appreliending  a  certain  Number 
0^*  Persons  for  the  Purpose  of  bringing  them  before  the  superior 
Courts  of  this  State  for  Trial  for  riotously  impeding  a  certain 
officer  in  the  Execution  of  his  Office  in  selling  Estate  taken  by 
S^d  officer  according  to  Law  from  Persons  who  refused  to  do 
t{ieir  tour  of  Militia  Duty  in  puaxdinjg  the  •Frontiers  of  this 


''>  r^ 


such  lands  which 
ernraents  of  New 
been  since  Granted 
ds  "  and  have  not 
Sew  York"  wholly 
ate ',  includii^g  that 
of  New  York  have 
I  presume  to  say  it 
ew  York  to  eonlirra 
others.      There  are 
ation  equally  insuffi- 

ere  perfeclly  secured 
it  the  Jurisdiction  of 

nwilling  to  be  under 
in  conceive  America 
Great  Britain  (except 
will  become  wilUng 
of  Congress)  and  we 
ileges  (both  civil  and 

ions. 

ie  Jurisdiction  of  New 
ilement  of  the  Country] 
^e  that  it  would  greatly 
[have  it  affixed  to  New 

|.  Allen's  proceeding  by 

In  Cumberland  County 

1  of  New  Yorkl 

[berland  county  under 
^te  to  assist  the  SheriS 

Inding  a  certain  Number 
hem  before  the  superior 
sly  impeding  a  certain 
[selling  Estate  taken  by 
Jsons  who  refused  to  do 
let  the 'Frontiers  of  this 


8 


MEW  HAMnHIRfi  OKAKn. 

i(f  ttie  united  States  of  America  against  flie  Common  Cnemy 
„^reeable  to  Oiders  of  the  Board  of  War  of  tliis  State  Issued  in 
Pursuance  of  advice  received  from  Brlgf  General  Clinton  tot 
that  Purpose. 

11  Qu.  Are  you  willing  and  do  you  think  it  is  the  Minds  of 
the  People  to  refer  the  final  Decision  of  this  Matter  at  any  Bate 
to  tlie  Congress  of  the  United  States  t 

A.  I  believe  I  may  be  warranted  to  say  in  Behalf  of  tht 

People  of  this  State  that  they  would  tliink  themselves  happj 

in  submitting    the    long  controverted  Differences  subsisting 

between  this  and  the  State  of  New-,York  to  the  Determination 

of  Congress  they  being  allowed  equal  Privilege  as  the  State  of 

New  Yoik  in  supporting  thieir  Cause,  reserving  to  themselves  in 

the  Trial  of  all  Rights  Privileges  Immunities  and  advantages 

which  they  had  or  might  have  by  any  former  Grants,  Jurlsdlci. 

tions.  Powers,  and  Privileges  on  account  of  any  Province  ot 

State  heretofore  had,  notwithstanding  any  subsequent  Tram* 

action.  i 

I  am  Gentlemen  with  the  highest  Esteem 

Your  ob^  humble  servant  ^ 

Thos.  CtiiTTEimiar. 

The  Hon'>'«  Doctf  Wetherspoon  &  Col©  Atlee  Members  of  a 

Committee  of  Congress. 


PETITION  OF  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY. 


V 


To  the  honorable  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  of  America. 

The  Petition  of  Committees  of  the  Towns  of  Hinsdale, 
Guilford  Halifax,  Brattleborough,  Fulham,  Putney 
Westminster,  Rockingham,  Springfield,  and  Weathers- 
field  in  tlie  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  State  of 
New  York  upon  belialf  of  themselves  and  their  consti- 

.    tuents     „,  n,.w,,u.!,.  .....         .  '       ''■ 

Most  humbly  Sheweth    j,    / 

That  the  former  Government  of  New  York  while  administered 
by  the  Servants  of  the  King  of  Great  Britain  having  been  iH 


ii 


[1 

III 


h      '•   I 


ooirrmoTuuiT  rupectino  trk 


ip* 

i  f 

W^  -v 

\ 

t\Y,  *' 

^f '  ■ 

MF     *    ' 

« 

!•'  ■ " 

it-. 

n1 


4^. 


»^'' 


i   ) 


■ome  Instances  oppressive  to  the  InhAitants  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire Grants  West  of  Couuecticiit  River  ;  Several  discontented 
People  belonging  to  Albany  and  Cliarlotte  Counties  in  the  State 
before  mentioned,  Sometime  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1776,  drew 
and  circulated  a  Petition  to  the  honorable  the  Congress,  to  erect 
the  New  Hampshire  Grants  into  a  Separata  State. 

That  this  plan  being  peaceable  and  regular  in  appearance 
many  Persons  were  drawn  into  the  Measure  throughout  that 
part  of  the  Grants  over  which  New  York  exercises  Juri». 
diction. 

^  That  the  discontented  Persons  immediately  after  they  had 
eompleated  the  signature  of  the  said  Petition,  called  a  Conven- 
tion  ;  who  contrary  to  the  sense  of  many  of  the  signers,  without 
presenting  the  Petition  to  Congress,  and  without  any  appHca. 
tion  to  the  Convention  of  New  York  for  Redress  of  Giievauces  • 
taking  advantage  of  the  Troubles  in  which  the  Continent,  & 
particularly  the  State  of  New  York  was  then  involved,  precipi- 
ttitely  declared  themselves  independent ;  although  the  Counties 
of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester,  and  as  your  Petitioners  are 
Informed  of  Albany  and  Charlotte,  were  represented  in  the 
Convention  of  New  York,  and  through  them  in  the  Continental 
Congress  at  the  times  of  the  Declaration  of  American  Indepen- 
dence, and  forming  the  Constitution  of  New  York. 

That  unless  this  Tract  of  Country  was  considered  as  repre- 
sented in  the  honorable  the  Congress,  by  the  Delegates  of  New 
York,  at  the  time  the  Colonies  were  declared  independent  of 
Great  Britain,  Congress  have  not  yet  declared  it  independent. 

That  Majorities  in  several,  and  respectable  Minorities  in  other 
Towns  in  Cumberland  County,  in  particular.  Persons  of  the  best 
Character  and  Estates,  conceiving  the  Settlement  made  by  the 
King  of  Great  Britain  in  the  year  1764  to  be  binding,  at  least 
until  Congress  shall  otherwise  determine,  have  refused  to  join  in 
f he  Revolt. 

^j,  That  your  Petitioners  are  well  informed  that  in  almost  or 
quite  every  town  throughout  the  District,  there  are  Persons  wlio 
disapprove  of  the  Government  attempted  to  be  established  bj 
those  who  liave  revolted  from  New  York;  but  that  many  of  tliem 
^for  fear  of  popular  Rage  durst  not  publicly  oppose  it ;  and  that 


^l   ■ 


•  < 


med  that  in  almost  or 
,  there  are  Persons  who 

led  to  be  estabhshed  by 
•  but  that  many  of  them 

Icly  oppose  it  i  and  that 


«    HEWDAMPIHIKK  GRAMTI.    ^-* 


989 


Since  October  last  almost  the  whole  County  of  Gloucester  \w 
fallen  off  from  Vermont  and  are  now  in  open  opposlUon  to  it. 

That  those  who  continue  in  allegiance  to  \ew  York  liar* 
refused  entering  into  this  unprovoked  and  unreasonable  RebeUion 
against  lawful  Auihority,  not  only  from  I'rinciples  of  Affection 
and  Duty  to  the  f  lite  of  which  they  are  a  part;  but  because 
they  conceive  that  an  internal  Revolution  undertaken  at  this 
critical  Juncture,  must  be  attended  with  bad  consequences  to  the 
common  Cause  of  America.  The  Powers  of  Government  must 
at  such  a  time  be  necessarily  weak,  and  consequently  inadequate 
to  the  extraordinary  exertions  which  our  Country  requires  from 
us,  both  of  Men  and  Money.  The  precedent  which  it  wouW 
make  for  the  disorderly  Subjects  of  other  States,  and  the  con- 
tempt shewn  to  the  Resolutions  of  the  l)onorable  the  Congress 
hereinafter  in  part  recited,  are  other  reasons  why  we  have  chosea 
not  to  join  in  measures  so  extraordinary. 

That  the  Vermont  Faction  in  the  year  1777  made  application 
to  the  honorable  the  Congress  that  what  they  had  already  declared 
an  independent  State,  miglit  be  considered  as  such  by  Congress, 
and  that  delagates  therefrom  might  be  admitted  to  Seats  in 
that  honorable  House.  Whereupon  Congress  among  other 
things  resolved,  that  it  was  composed  of  Delagates  chosen  by— 
and  representing,  the  Communities  respectively  inhabiting  the 
Territories  of  New  Hampshire  &c  &c  New  York  &o  &o  as  theg 
rtspecHvely  stood,  at  the  time  of  its  first  Institution.  That  it  could 
not  be  Intended  that  Congress  by  any  of  its  Proceedings  would 
do  recommend  or  countenance^  any  thing  injurious  to  the  rights  and 
Jurisdictiotis  of  the  several  communities  which  it  represented. 
That  the  independant  Government  attempted  to  be  established 
by  the  People  stillng  themselves  Inhabitants  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire Grants,  could  desire  no  Countenance  or  Justification  from 
the  Mt  of  Congress  declaring  the  United  Colonies  to  be  independarU 
of  the  Crown  of  Great  Biitain,  nor  from  any  other  act  or  Resolu- 
tion of  Congress.  Tliat  the  Petition  of  Jonas  Fay  &«  in  the 
Name  and  hehsM  of  the  people  stillng  themselves  as  aforesaid, 
praying  that  the  district  in  the  said  Petition  described,  might  be 
ranked  among  the  free  and  lnde^)cndant  Spates,  and  tliut  Dela- 
gates therefrom  might  be  admitted  to  seats  in  Congress^  should 


1 

9m 


CONTBOVXiKSY'  aBWfiCTINO  THE 


♦,* 


*4' 


M 


•  ■', 


'1* 
"4 


.  1 


,    I 


11 


"t> 


* 


V*' 

V    " 


1  - 


1 


fte-  dismissed.  And  that  t^ie  paper  signed  "  Thom^o  Young " 
advising  tlie  Inliabitants  ot  tlie  said  District  to  chnse  Members 
for  a  Generall  Convention,  and  Delagates  for  tlie  General  Con- 
gress and  Comnrfttee  of  Sal'ety,  and  form  a  Constitution,  was 
derogatory  to  the  Honor  of  Congress,  and  a  gross  misrepresenta- 
tion of  the  Resolution  of  Congress  therein  referred  to,  and  tended 
txi  deceive  and  mislead  the  People  to  whom  it  was  addressed. 

That  the  said  Resolutions  at  first  seemed  sufficient  to  quictt 
the  Disorders  which  then  prevailed,  and  their  appeared  in  many, 
if  not  most  of  the  revolters,  a  Disposition  to  return  to  their 
Duty;  But  it  was  not  long  before  the  leaders  of  the  Malcontents, 
lit  Print  and  in  Conversation  so  misrepresented  and  explained 
those  Resolutions  as  induced  that  Party  to  believe  that  Congress 
fiivored  their  plan. 

That  they  have  since  formed  a  Constitution  of  Government 
and  elected  all  the  necessary  Officers  thereof. 

That  notwithstanding  the  Revolt  was  made  upon  this  Founda- 
tion that  we  were  thrown  into  a  state  of  Nature  by  the  Colonies 
being  declared  independant  of  Great  Britain  and  had  tlien  a 
right  to  chuse  our  Government;  Yet  those  who  continued 
•nbjects  of  one  of  the  United  States  have  not  been  allowed  that 
Privilege,  but  the  Insurgents  both  by  their  civil  and  military 
authority,  have  at  every  opportunity  attempted  to  compel  them 
to  submit  to  their  usurped  Governmerif,  and  very  lately  many 
of  their  principal  officers  declared  in  the  most  publick  manner 
that  their  Government  was  determined  to  enforce  submission 
by  arms  until  Congress  should  otherwise  direct  and  to  leave  no 
doubt  of  the  Sincerity  of  this  Declaration  tliey  were  then  in  the 
Act  of  Compelling  Submission  to  their  Government  at  the  head 
of  about  two  hundred  armed  men.  That  beside  this,  their 
pretended  Legislature  in  June  last  passed  an  Act  declaring  that 
if  any  Person  within  this  pretended  State  sliall  after  the  first  day 
of  September  next  accept  hold  or  exercise  any  office,  civil  or 
military,  other  than  shall  be  derived  from  tlie  said  pretended 
Slate,  he  shall  for  the  first  Otfence,  pay  a  fine  not  exceeding  one 
hundred  pounds,  lawful  money  ;  for  the  second  oflt'nce  shall  be 
whipped  on  the  naked  Back,  not  exceeding  ft)rty  stripes,  at  the 
Discretion  of  the  Court ;  and  ipr  the  third  olfeuce  shall  have  liis 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


985 


Thom^o  Young  " 
0  cluise  Members 
the  General  Con- 
Constitution,  was 
OSS  misrepresenta- 
rred  to,  and  tended 
ms  addressed, 
gufficient  to  quictt 
appeared  in  many, 
to  return  to  their 
of  the  Mai -contents, 
ttted  and  explained 
elieve  that  Congress 

tion  of  Government 

f. 

ie  upon  this  Founda- 
iture  by  the  Colonies 
;ain  ^nd  had  then  a 
hose  wlio  continued 
lot  been  allowed  that 
ir  civil  and  military 
.pted  to  compel  them 
land  very  lately  many 
iost  publick  manner 
enforce  submission 
lirect  and  to  leave  no 
they  were  then- in  the 
Ivernmentatthehead 
,at  beside  this,  their 
an  Act  declaring  that 
hall  after  the  first  day 
ise  any  office,  civil  or 
L  the  said  pretended 
ine  not  exceeding  one 
second  offtnce  shall  be 
n<f  f«)rty  stripes,  at  the 
olfence  shall  have  his 


right  ear  nailed  to  a  Post  and  cut  off,  and  be  branded  in  the 
Forehead  with  the  Capital  Letter  Con  a  hot  Iron. 

Having  understood  that  repeated  application  had  been  made 
on  the  Part  of  New  York,  to  the  Grand  Couittd  of  america,  to 
interfere  in  settling  their  internal  Troubles ;  the  loyal  Subject! 
of  that  State  upon  tlie  Grants,  have  waited  with  mucli  Impa* 
tience  the  Lieusure  of  your  honorable  Body  to  examine  into  the 
matter,  and  recommend  something  adapted  to  the  Restoration 
of  Peace  and  Tranquility  They  conceived  that  by  the  third 
Article  of  the  Confederation  the  States  had  Severally  bound 
themselves  to  assist  each  other  against  all  Force  offered  to,  or 
attacks  made  upon  any  of  them  on  account  of  Sovereignty, 
or  on  any  other  pretence  whatsoever ;  and  therefore  tliat  the 
general  Interest  required  the  honorable  Congress  (as  soon  as  they 
possibly  could)  to  use  their  Influence,  in  putting  a  Speedy  End 
to  this  political  Schism.     '  ?' ;  '  i-    ^     ' 

That  your  Petitioners  and  others  subjects  of  New  York  upon 
tiie  Grants,  have  since  this  internal  Revolution  endured  the  most 
compleat  anarchy  possible,  not  having  had  the  shadow  of  Govern- 
ment amongst  themj  and  have  besides  had  to  contend  with  dis- 
orderly headstrong  men,  who  endeavoured  to  exercise  an  usurped 
authority  over  them;  this  they  have  supported  with  all  the 
Fortitude  they  were  masters  of;  well  knowing  from  the  general 
Conversation  of  Persons  not  in  Office  that  (whatever  those  who 
promoted  the  present  Disturbances  from  ambitious  and  interested 
motives  might  think)  your  honorable  Body's  expressly  recom- 
mending a  retura  of  their  Allegiance,  which  we  have  almost  daily 
expected,  would  put  a  final  Period  to  the  Disturbances,  and 
restore  good  Order  and  Government. 

That  tlie  revolted  Party  has  endeavoured  upon  all  Occasions, 
both  in  Print  and  in  Conversation,  to  prejudice  the  Cause  of  New 
Yt)rk,  by  representing  the  avowed  Subjects  of  that  State  upon 
the  Grants  to  their  Countrymen,  in  the  odious  Light  of  Tories 
and  Enemies  to  the  Country;  whereas  in  Truth  whenever  thero 
has  been  a  call  for  Men  by  proper  authority,  your  Petitioners 
affirm  they  have  done  their  full  part,  and  in  some  Towns  more 
than  t'leir  part,  in  providing  Men  for  the  Service:  And  they  are 
willing  wlieii  called  upon  by  proper  Authority  whicli  they  can 


986 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


¥4' 


1 


I*  * '  : 

I*' 

-»■  . » 


\K  ^  » 


^V 


<l ' 


♦     » 


» ^, 


\'}U^\  ■' 


conscientiously  obey,  to  do  their  full  Proportion  towards  support- 
ing the  War,  as  soon  as  order  and  Government  are  restored  so 
that  it  can  possibly  be  done  :  For  we  conceive  it  beyond  our 
Power  in  the  present  State  of  Anarchy,  where  no  compulsory 
means  can  be  used  (except  mobbing)  to  furnish  our  Quota's 
either  of  Men  or  Money. 

That  allthough  this  part  of  the  State  laboured  under  Grievances 
frbm  the  former  Government  of  New  York,  yet  the  Legislature 
of  the  present  Government  have  repeatedly  manifested  so  much 
Cheerfulness  in  redressing  them  as  soon  as  pointed  out,  and  a 
temper  so  contrary  to  oppression,  tliat  we  have  a  well  grounded 
Confidence  should  any  yet  remain  they  had  need  only  to  be 
mentioned  to  he  removed.  Entertaining  these  sentiments  of  the 
Legislature,  which  are  unfeigned,  we  can  not  but  view  the 
present  Disturbances  solely  as  the  Contention  of  some  artful 
ambitious  and  designing  Men  for  the  Powers  of  Government  • 
but  of  such  a  nature  that  the  longer  it  is  unattended  to  the  more 
difficult  it  will  be  to  suppress  it. 

That  should  the  honorable  the  American  Congress  be  so 
inattentive  to  the  right  of  one  of  its  members  as  to  declare  the 
New  Hampshire  Grants  an  independant  State,  the  Party  who 
have  disclaimed  their  Allegiance  to  New  York  have  shown  so 
many  Instances  of  an  inveterate  Enmity  to,  and  of  a  fixed 
Disposition  to  ruin,  tliose  who  have  refused  joining  with  them, 
that  great  numbei-s  of  the  latter  will  be  necessitated  to  sell  their 
Interests  (if  that  Priviledge  is  allowed  them)  and  remove  to  some 
other  State  : — and  your  Petitioners  are  fearful  that  that  will  be 
the  least  bad  Consequence  which  will  follow  so  extraordinary  a 
measure,  as  we  can  with  truth  assert  tliat  of  late  your  Petitioners 
and  their  Constituents  "  are  in  the  fullest  sense  as  unwilling  to 
be  under  the  jurisdiction  of"  Vermont,  "as  we  can  conceive 
America  would  be  to  revert  back  under  the  Power  of  Great 
Britain"  and  that  they  should  consider  their  Lives  and  Properties 
equally  insecure. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  humbly,  and  in  the  most  earnest 
manner,  intreat  that  your  honorable  House  will  comraisserate 
the  unhappy  and  distracted  situation  of  the  Tulmbitants  of  tlie 
New  Hampshire  Grants  in  the  State  of  New  York,  and  as  speedily 


'I 


NEW  HAMPSHIBE  GRA«TS. 


m 


as  possible  restore  Peace  to  them  (wliich  we  are  confident  will 
effect  it)  by  recommending  in  the  most  explicit  manner  tliat  they 
yield  their  Allegiance  to  the  State  of  New  York,  until  Congress 
shall  take  some  further  Resolution  upon  the  subject. 
And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever  pray  &c. 
Signed  by  order  of  s^  Committees, 

Samuel  MinOtt,  Chairman. 
Brattleborough,  23«>  July,  1779. 


At  a  Meeting  of  the  Convention  of  Committees  for  the  County 
of  Cumberland  at  Col".  Serjeants  in  Brattleborough  tlie  23«>  July, 
1779. 

Voted  that  this  Convention  present  a  Petition  to  the  honorable 

the  Congress  praying  them  to  interfere  in  settling  the  Disturbances 

upon  the  Grants ;  and  that  Cliarles  Phelps  Esq',  be  desired  to 

carry  the  same  to  the  Legislature  of  New  York  State,  and  if  they 

approve  the  measure,  and  will  be  at  the  expence  of  it,  that  M'. 

Phelps  go  forward  to  Philadelphia  to  wait  upon  Congress  with 

It :— and  as  an  Agent  to  sollicit  a  speedy  Determination. 

By  Order 

Attest.  ;         Samuel  Minott,  Chairman. 

Mieah  Townsend,  Clk. 


¥' 


M 


■    I 


«  ■'■ 


1^; 


INSTRUCTIONS  OP  THE  NEW  YORK  LEGISUTURE 

TO  ITS  DELEGATES  IN  CONGRESS  RELATIVE  TO  THE  DISORDERS 
PREVAILING  IN  .UK  NORTH  EASTERN  PARTS  OF  THE  STATE  OF 
NEW  YORK.      ^  ■'"      ^'  ,t't;.r  '■'"■    V_  ■    '  -'      r    ;  '].'     /'     Vf 


Gent". 


Kingston,  August  27,  1779. 


We  anxiously  expected  that,  by  an  effectual  Interposition  of 
Congress,  our  deluded  Fellow  Citizens  in  the  North  Eastern  Parts 
of  the  State  would  before  our  present  meeting  have  peaceably 
returned  to  their  duty,  and  prevented  the  necessity  of  coercive 
Measures  to  compel  a  submission  to  the  authority  of  Legal 
Government.    This  we  were  tlie  more  readily  induced  to  hop* 


r 


m^ 


CONTROVeRSY   RESPECTIMO  THE 


?„■ 


la.   . 

* 


4^ 


as  we  conceive  the  TenlJIs  we  liave  offered  to  them  to  be  not  only 
perfectly  just  and  equitable  but  even  generous;  these  pacific 
Overtures  have  been  disregarded,  violence  and  Outrage  are  daily 
committed  upon,  and  the  Severest  punishment  threatened  against 
(the  latter  of  which  will  appear  from  the  inclosed  Copy  of  an 
Act  of  the  Legislature  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont)  our 
good  subjects  in  Brattleborough  and  other  well  affected  Towns, 
who  now  claim  from  us  tliat  Protection  which  we  have  Solemnly 
promised  to  them  and  which  consistent  with  justice  we  can  no 
longer  withhold. 

Wliile  on  the  one  hand  Ave  view  with  a  degree  of  Horror  the 
dreadful  consequences  of  having  Recourse  to  Force,  not  only  to 
this  State,  and  especially  to  the  unliappy  People  who  will  be  its 
immediate  Object,  but  also  to  the  common  cause  of  America- 
yet  on  the  other  we  are  persuaded  our  Successful  efforts,  to 
expel  a  foreign  Tyranny  will  avail  us  little  while  we  remain 
Subject  to  the  domestic  Usurpation ;  earnestly  wishing  however 
by  every  attempt  to  Peace,  to  prevent  the  evils  of  a  Civil  War, 
we  must  direct  you  to  entreat  once  more  the  mediation  of 
Congress. 

A  Quorum  of  the  Committee,  appointed  by  the  Resolution  of 
the  fii-st  of  June  last,  having  never  met,  and  as  we  have  not  been 
informed  that  Congress  have  since  proceeded  in  the  business  we 
presume  it  is  remaining  before  them  in  the  same  State  it  was 
prior  to  that  day  upon  this  suposition  we  shall  take  the  Liberty 
of  suggesting  several  matters  for  their  consideration  and  propos- 
ing certain  measures,  not  only  just  and  satisfactory  in  themselves, 
but  such  as  we  believe  will  be  effectual  in  restoring  the  Peace 
of  the  State. 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  all  the  Lands  in  that  District  of 
Country,  which  has  attempted  a  Separation  from  this  State  under 
the  name  of  Vermont,  is  P*  either  unpatented  and  unoccupied 
or  2<"y  unpatented  and  actually  occupied  or  S^'y  Patented  by 
New  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay  and  not  aCteiwards 
patented  by  New  York  or  4"''/  Patented  by  New  York  prior  tof 
any  Patent  under  New  Hampsliire  or  Massachusetts  Bay  or  5 
Patented  by  New  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay  and  af'ter\vards| 
JJhtented  by  New  York. 


KEW   HAMPSHIUE  GRANTS. 


them  to  be  ndt  only 
erous ;  these  pacific 
^nd  Outrage  are  daily 
nt  threatened  against 
inclosed  Copy  of  an 
ate  of  Vermont)  our 
well  affected  Towns, 
Ich  we  have  Solemnly 
.th  justice  \Ye  can  no 

degree  of  Horror  the 
>  to  Force,  not  only  to 
People  who  will  be  its 
,n  cause  of  America- 
.  Successful  efforts,  to 
little  while  we  remain 
lestly  wishing  however 
le  evils  of  a  Civil  War, 
lore  the  mediation  of 

ed  by  the  Resolution  of 

ind  as  we  have  not  been 

eded  in  the  business  we 

the  same  State  it  was 

,  shall  take  the  Liberty 

insiderationandpropos- 

Aisfactory  in  themselves, 

in  restoring  the  Peace 

vnds  in  that  District  of 
ion  from  this  State  under 
atenled  and  unoccupied 
i^,  or  3<»>y  Patented  by 
ay  and  not   alteiwards 
I  by  New  York  prioi  to 
Massachusetts  Bay  or  5 
^settsBay  and  afterwards 


989 


With  respect  to  the  first  Case  the  Lands  must  remain  for  the 
future  Disposition  of  Government  with  respect  to  the  second  we 
have  engaged  to  confirm  to  the  Occupants  their  respective 
Possessions  together  with  as  much  vacant  adjoining  Land  as  to 
form  convenient  Farms  not  exceeding  tluee  hundred  acres  each. 
With  respect  to  the  third  we  have  engaged  to  confirm  the 
Patents  under  New  Hampshire  or  Massacliusetts  Bay  as  fully  as 
if  they  had  been  made  under  New  Xoi-k  without  taking  any 
advantage  of  a  non  performance  of  iCondition. 

With  respect  to  the  fourth  and  fifth  Cases  we  have  engaged 
besides  confirming  such  Possessions  as  were  made  under  New 
Hampshire  or  Massaohusett's  Bay  prior  to  any  Patent  for  the 
same  Lands  under  New  York  to  submit  the  Determination  of  the 
Bight  of  Soil  to  Commis".  to  be  appointed  by  Congress  who  are 
to  determine  agreeable  to  Equity  and  Justice  without  adhering 
to  the  strict  Rules  of  Law  Provided  nevertheless  that  the  actual 
Occupants  under  New  York  shall  be  confirmed  in  their  respective 
Possessions.      -\  .  ..  i,. ,,,.  •...•,  :■■■  .f'''-'\,.  ■  - 

It  is  further  to  be  observed  that  every  part  of  the  above 
District  was  indisputably  included  within  the  Jurisdiction  either 
of  New  York  or  New  Hampshire  or  Massachusett's  Bay  and  that 
the  Right  of  Jurisdiction  as  Congress  themselves  have  declared 
was  not  altered  by  these  Communities  respectively  becoming 
Independant  States. 

Having  made  these  observations  we  would  premise  further 
that  in  order  to  remove  every  objection  fully  to  evince  the 
Uprightness  of  our  Intentions  and  our  earnest  desire  for  an 
accommodation  We  are  willing  that  if  Congress  should  deem 
the  above  mode  of  determining  the  Riglit  of  Soil  between 
interfering  Claimants  under  New  Hampshire  or  Massachusets 
Bay  on  the  one  and  under  New  York  on  the  other  part  ineligible 
ve  will  consent  that  it  shall  be  determined  either  immediately 
by  Congress  themselves  or  in  such  other  manner  as  tliey  shall 
think  proper  we  will  also  concede  that  on  all  Questions  relative 
to  such  Right  of  Soil  this  State  shall  not  vote  in  Congress,  that 
Congress  shall  guaranty  to  the  Inhabitants  on  the  Grants  tlie 
Performance  of  tiiese  Terms  and  that  no  Proceeding  of  Congress 
tequiring  or  recommending  it  to  the  Inhabitants  to  submit 


:  p 


i    ■ 

I  \ 

r 


■ .  V-H, 


I 


900 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING     THE 


f,'      ■  "J 


'*'■ 
;"*.; 


^^^^p^^f>q|. 

:'C*4.      ^ 

^^^^^^^^^S^f  1 

*                  -  .-  # 

■1^*^ '  '^'^ 

1  ' 

,  B.       _ 

to  the  Authority  of  this  State  shall  be  construed  to  injure  any 
Right  of  Jurisdiction  whicli  the  States  of  New  Hampshire  or 
Massachusets  Bay  may  respectively  have  to  tlie  above  Territory 
or  any  part  thereof. 

This  last  Proposal  does  not  arise  from  an  apprehension  that 
probably  these  States  will  claim  the  jurisdiction  of  any  of  the 
Grants  lying  West  of  Connecticut  River  but  is  mentioned  solely 
with  a  view  that  nothing  would  remain  which  can  possibly  have 
even  the  appearance  of  a  Difficulty  We  will  at  all  Times  cheer- 
fully submit  the  Right  of  Jurisdiction  to  the  decision  of  Congress 
agreeable  to  the  9t)>  Article  of  Confederation. 

Those  Terms  and  Proposals  We  conceive  must  satisfy  every 
Claim  either  upon  our  Justice  or  Generosity  and  we  trust  tliey 
will  appear  to  Congress  to  whom  we  instruct  and  authorise  you 
immediately  to  communicate  them,  to  pledge  the  public  Faith 
of  this  State  for  the  Performance  of  them  and  thereupon  to 
sollicit  the  immediate  Interference  of  Congress  recommending  to 
such  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Grants  who  at  the  Commencement 
of  the  present  War  were  witliin  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York 
again  to  submit  to  the  Government  &  Authority  of  this  State, 
with  a  Proviso  (should  the  same  be  deemed  necessary)  that  such 
Interference  shall  not  be  construed  to  injure  a  Right  of  Juris- 
diction existing  in  any  other  of  the  United  States. 

We  presume  it  will  be  needless  at  this  time  particularly  to 
recapitulate  all  the  Reasons  which  induced  this  State  to  apply  to 
Congress  for  a  Declaration  of  their  Sence  of  the  Conduct  of  our 
revolted  fellow  subjects,  as  they  are  fully  contained  in  the 
numberless  Papers  which  we  have  from  time  to  time  transmitted 
to  Congress  respecting  this  matter  let  it  suffice  to  mention  as  a 
principal  Inducem^  that  the  Revolters  asserted  and  their  adherents 
believed  that  their  attempts  to  a  seperation  from  tliis  State  were 
agreeable  to  and  favored  by  Congress  or  some  Membftrs  of  Weight " 
and  Influence. 

Every  Delay  on  the  Part  of  Congress  explicitly  to  disavow  audi 
disapprove  of  is  construed  by  these  People  as  countenancing  andl 
has  a  manifest  tho'  we  do  not  say  a  designed  Tendency  to  estab-| 
lish  and  confirm  the  secession — Tlieir  Pretended  Legislature  has 
already  confiscated  and  are  now  disposing  of  the  Estates  of 


li" 


trued  to  injure  any 
New  Hampshire  or 
,  the  above  Territory 

n  apprehension  that 
[iction  of  any  of  the 
it  is  mentioned  solely 
iich  can  possibly  have 
11  at  all  Times  chear- 
le  decision  of  Congress 

on. 

ve  must  satisfy  every 
ity  and  we  trust  they 
uct  and  authorise  you 
edge  the  public  Faith 
lem  and  thereupon  to 
igress  recommending  to 
0  at  the  Commencement 
risdiction  of  New  York 
Authority  of  this  State, 
led  necessary)  that  such 

njure  a  Right  of  Juris- 
ed  States, 
lis  time  particularly  to 
•ed  this  State  to  apply  to 
e  of  the  Conduct  of  our 
fully  contained  in  the 
time  to  time  transmitted 

suffice  to  mention  as  a 
serted  and  their  adherents 

ion  from  this  State  were 
some  Membfers  of  Weight 

explicitly  to  disavow  and 
)ple  as  countenancing  and 
Igned  Tendency  to  estab- 
>retended  Legislnture  ha8 
;posiug  of  the  Estates  of 


KEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


991 


Persons  who  have  joined  the  Enemy  and  probably  will  soon 
proceed  to  grant  the  unappropriated  Lands— By  these  means 
they  raise  moneys  for  the  Support  of  their  Government  and  obtain 
a  great  and  dayly  accession  of  Strength  not  only  by  an  additional 
number  of  Settlers  but  every  other  Purchaser  will  be  interested 
to  maintain  an  authority  upon  wliicli  their  Title  depends— Tliese 
Proceedings  also  will  increase  the  Confusion  and  render  the 
Restoration  of  Peace  at  a  future  day  more  difficult  as  They 
bear  no  Share  In  the  present  public  Burthens  that  part  of  the 
Country  is  become  an  Assylum  for  all  Persons  who  wish  to  avoid 
Military  Duty  or  the  Payments  of  Taxes  and  Numbers  are  daily 
emigrating  thither  influenced  merely  by  this  Motive — They  will 
also  attempt  to  enforce  tlieir  cruel  Edict  and  oblige  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  Brattleborough  and  the  other  Towiis  who  have  remained 
in  Allegiance  to  this  State  to  submit  to  their  usurpation — These 
Inhabitants  will  resist  and  the  Justice  Peace  and  Safety  of  the 
State  demand  that  we  should  and  we  are  resolved  to  assist  and 
protect  them — In  short  for  we  cannot  enter  into  particulars, 
Matters  are  bro't  to  a  Crisis  and  we  must  in  this  session  determine 
with  Decision  upon  tlie  important  Question  of  protecting  our 
faithful  Subjects  and  supporting  the  rlglitful  Jurisdiction  of  the 
State — What  the  Consequences  will  be  we  forbear  to  mention — 
They  may  easily  be  imagined  and  Congress  can  prevent  them. 

One  principal  Design  of  our  present  Meeting  was  to  deliberate 
upon  this  momentuous  Subject.  We  shall  notwithstanding 
suspend  all  further  proceedures  and  continue  sitting  till  we  are 
fevered  with  the  Sentiments  of  Congress  which  you  will  transmit 
to  us  by  the  messenger  who  convoy's  this  and  whom  you  will 
detain  for  that  purpose. 

Should  we  however  be  disappointed  and  Congress  decline  to 
interpose  by  an  express  Recommendation  as  above  proposed  we 
do  in  such  Case  direct  Mr.  Jay  to  wliom  we  have  in  a  special 
manner  committed  tliis  Business  immediatly  to  withdraw  and 
attend  us  at  this  Place. 
Gent"  If,  ■''..  -M:  '-ivr  .  f  \  ■   '-  r''    f '::;';'     .  ''■    -■:■■ 

With  this  you  will  receive  a  Letter  in  the  nature  of  Instruc- 
tions wliich  you  will  observe  is  wrote  upon  a  Presumption  tliat 
Qo  Proceedings  relative  to  tlie  Vermont  Business  have  been  had 


H' 


:    n 


992 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


fc"i  ■    •    * 
I*  J 


in  Congress  since  the  appointment  of  the  Committee  on  the  1« 
of  June  last.  Should  subsequent  measures  however  have  been 
adopted  by  Congress  which  you  may  conceive  equally  eifectual 
and  beneficial  to  the  State  with  tliose  we  have  instructed  you  to 
propose  you  are  in  such  Case  at  Liberty  to  suspend  the  Commu- 
nication of  these  Instructions  till  our  further  Direction  and 
immediately  inform  us  of  the  measures  by  a  special  messenger. 
We  are  with  due  Respect 

'=     •*  '  '      *•      €rentlemen  your  most  obedient  Servants 
By  order  of  the  Senate 
By  order  of  tlie  Assembly 


IMi") 


.'fJ' 


M'-'), 


:r, 


^■%* 


i.    • 


K'        >  * 


''f,  ^y    "^    ^^  <    ' 


mm^ 

-? 

^-/ 

S'bJA'   t. 

Wl' 

^m/'W 

»  .' 

"     RESOLUTIONS  OF  THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS. 

In  Congress  24">  Sept'  1779. 

1  Whereas  on  the  first  Day  of  June  last  Congress  by  a  certain 
Resolution,  reciting  that  <'  Whereas  divers  applications  had  been 
made  to  Congress  on  the  part  of  the  State  of  New  York  and  of 
the  State  of  New  Hampshire  relative  to  Disturbances,  &  animosi- 
ties among  Inhabitants  of  a  certain  District  known  by  the  name 
of  "  the  New  Hampshire  Grants"  praying  tlieir  Interference  for 
quieting  thereof  did  resolve  that  a  Committee  be  appointed  to 
repair  to  tlie  New  Hampshire  Grants  &  enquire  into  the  reason 
why  they  refuse  to  continue  Citizens  of  the  respective  States 
which  heretofore  exercised  Jurisdiction  over  the  said  District ; 
for  that  as  Congress  are  in  duty  bound  on  the  one  hand  to 
preserve  inviolate  the  Rights  of  the  several  States,  so  on  the 
other  they  will  always  be  careful  to  provide  that  the  Justice 
due  to  the  States,  does  not  interfere  with  the  Justice  which  may 
be  due  to  Individuals,  r      .'  -. 

Timt  tlie  said  Committee  confer  with  the  said  Inhabitants,  & 
that  they  take  every  prudent  measure  to  promote  an  amicable , 
Settlement  of  all  Dilferences  &  prevent  Divisions  &  Animosities  so 
prejudicial  to  the  United  States  and  did  further  resolve  that  the 
further  Consideration  of  this  subject  be  postponed  until  the| 
said  Committee  shall  have  made  report." 


*i 


c 

amittee  on  the  1« 
however  have  been 
^e  equally  effectual 
ve  instructed  you  to 
aspend  the  Comrau- 
rther  Direction  and 
i  special  messenger. 

«dient  Servants 


Irt  -v'/i 


.:.\  -v;, (.),'-»   ;   , 


ITAL  CONGRESS. 

ress  24"'  Sept'  1779. 
t  Congress  by  a  certain 
s  applications  had  been 

5  of  New  York  and  of 
listurbancesj&animosi- 

[ict  known  by  tlie  name 
tlieir  Interference  for 
^ttee  be  appointed  to 
enquire  into  the  reason 
)f  the  respective  States 
lover  the  said  District ; 
and  on  the  one  hand  to 
[several  States,  so  on  the 
Irovide  that  the  Justice 
the  Justice  which  may 

i  the  said  Inhabitants,  & 
L  promote  an  amicable 

ivisions&  Animosities  so 
Uurlher  resolve  that  the 

be  postponed  until  the 


KEW  HAMKHIRB  GRANTS. 


6M 


2  And  whereas  it  so  happened  that  a  Majority  of  the  Committee 
appointed  in  pursuance  of  the  aforementioned  Resolutions  did 
not  meet  in  the  said  District  and  therefore  have  never  executed 
the  Business  committed  to  them,  or  made  a  regular  Report 
thereupon  to  Congress,  Ordered  that  the  said  Committee  be 
discharged. 

3  And  Whereas  the  animosities  aforesaid  have  lately  proceeded 
so  far  and  &  risen  so  high  as  to  endanger  the  internal  Peace  of 
the  United  States  which  renders  it  indispensably  necessary  for 
Congress  to  interpose  for  the  Restoration  of  quiet  and  good 
order. 

4  And  Wliereas  one  of  the  great  objects  of  the  Union  of  the 
United  States  of  America  is  the  mutual  Protection  and  Security 
of  their  respective  Rights. 

5  And  Whereas  it  is  of  the  last  Importance  to  the  said  Union 
that  all  Causes  of  Jealousy  &  Discontent  between  the  said  States 
should  be  removed,  and  therefore  that  their  several  Boundaries 
and  Jurisdiction  be  ascertained  and  settled. 

6  And  whereas  Disputes  at  present  subsist  between  the  States 
of  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts  Bay  &  New  York  on  the  one 
part,  and  the  People  of  a  District  of  Country  called  New  Hamp- 
shire Grants  on  the  other,  which  People  deny  the  Jurisdiction 
of  each  of  the  said  States  over  the  said  District ;  and  each  of 
the  said  States  claim  the  said  District  against  each  other  as  well 
as  against  the  said  People,  as  appertaining  in  the  whole  or  in 
part  to  them  respectively. 

7*  Resolved  unanimously.  That  it  be  and  hereby  is  most 
earnestly  recommended  to  the  States  of  New  Hampshire,  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  &  New  York  forthwith  to  pass  Laws  expressly 
authorising  Congress  to  hear  &  determine  all  Ditferences  between 
them  relative  to  their  respective  Boundaries  in  the  mode 
prescribed  by  the  Articles  of  Confederation  so  that  Congress 
may  proceed  thereon  by  the  First  Day  of  February  next  at 
farthest. 

8  And  further  that  the  said  States  of  New  Hampshire,  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  &  New  York  do  by  Express  Laws  for  the  Purpose 
refer  to  the  decision  of  Congress  all  Differences  or  Disputes  rela- 
tive to  Jurisdiction,  which  they  may  respectively  have  with  the 

Vol.  IV.  63 


'    1 

jiW 

1 

■  1 

1 

"     ' 

i 

> 

' 

r^ 


)l 


li 


%  ■ 


994 


COMTROVEKSY   RESPECTING  THE 


.ii 


4  '      ** 


1    ,    -> 


If         t 


fviff  i  '    -« 


H  i 


*   1 


■*^*     \t   ■ 


'is-  -  ■•'I" 


P«o{>lti  of  the  District  aforesaid,  so  that  Congress  may  proceed 
tliereuu  ou  the  said  first  day  of  February  next.  * 

0  Jind  also  to  authorise  Congress  to  proceed  to  hear  &  deter- 
mine all  Disputes  subsisting  between  the  Grantees  of  the  several 
States  aforesaid  with  one  another  or  with  either  of  the  said 
States  respecting  Title  to  Lands  lying  in  the  said  District  to  be 
heard  and  determined  in  the  mode  prescribed  for  such  Cases 
by  the  Articles  of  Confederation  aforesaid :  And  further  to 
provide  that  no  Advantage  be  taken  of  the  Non-perlbrmance 
of  the  Condition  of  any  of  the  Grants  of  the  said  Lands,  but 
that  furMier  reasonable  Time  be  allowed  for  fulfilling  suoh 
Conditioiiis. 

10  Kesolvcd  unanimously  That  Congress  will  and  hereby  do 
Pledge  their  Faith  to  carry  into  Execution  &  support  t^eir 
Decisions  &  Determinations  in  the  Premises  in  favour  of  which- 
soever of  the  Parties  the  same  may  be,  to  the  end  that  permanent 
Concord  &,  Harmony  may  be  established  between  them,  &  all 
cause  of  uneasiness  removed.       h*v-'^ 

11  Hesolved  unanimously,  that  Congress  will  on  the  said  fiist 
Day  of  February  next  proceed  without  Delay  to  hear  &  examine 
into  the  Disputes  &  Differences  relative  to  Ju.'  isdiction  afuresaid 
between  the  said  three  States  respectively,  or  such  of  them  as 
shall  pass  the  Laws  before  mentioned  on  the  one  Part  &  the 
People  of  tlie  District  aforesaid  who  claim  to  be  a  seperate 
Jurisdiction  on  the  other ;  And  after  a  full  and  fair  hearing  will 
decide  &  determine  the  same  according  to  Equity,  and  that 
neither  of  the  said  States  shall  vole  on  any  question  relative  to  tht 
Decision  thereof.  And  Congress  do  hereby  pledge  their  Faith 
to  execute  &  support  their  Decisions  &  Determination  in  the 
Premises. 

And  Whereas  it  is  essential  to  the  Interest  of  the  whole  Con- 
federacy that  all  intestine  Dissentions  be  carefully  avoided  & 
domestic  Peace  &  good  Order  maintained. 

12  Resolved  unanimously  That  it  is  the  Duty  of  the  People 
of  the  District  aforesaid  who  deny  the  Jurisdiction  of  all  the 
aforenamed  States  to  abstain  in  the  meantime  from  exercising  I 
any  Power  over  any  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  District  who 
profess  themselves  Citizens  of  or  to  owe  Allegiance  to  any  or 


}:'« 


.  f 


eltlier  of  the  said  States  •    Bnt  ti   .  »5 

on  the  Eaat  or  West  side  ^f  Conn«lur„,''^  ?  ^''""'  """^ 

aotiially  joined  In  denylne  the  JnlT  .,  "  '""'•  l'«reioforo 
State,, and  have  .ssnmed  a  ^^"^ 'T"  !f ,'"'''' »'  '"'»'" 
call  the  State  of  Vermont.  SlVh T^''""'''  «■"«=''  the, 
of  Congress  the  said  three  States  tloTn  ^  '"  "'"  "P'"'"" 
time  to  suspend  executing  their  iTl  ""«'" '"  "'«  ""^'n 

antsof.the  «.ld  District  except  su'rofT  "^  "^  ""  """'''"- 
Allegiance  to  and  <»nfess  the  J„  is^^^'f'™"  »'»»  P«>fess 
ively.-And  further  that  amg^r«m™     .^  *""'  "^i""*' 
committed  against  the  Tenor  t^rel!   Tf "  ""^  *'"'«»■«» 
Resolution  as  a  Breach  of  the  Peace  of  Ae  CoffT'"*  °''  *'"' 
they  are  delormined  to  keep  and  n,.i„.  ,    ''""'"•"••"y  which 
llMt  all  such  violences  &  breaches  of  h        u,  ^"^  *»  "'«  «»d 
the  better  avoided  In  the  said  District  •  uJ     .  ''"'"'  »"'>'  >» 
loan  the  Inhabllants  thereof  to  cnUlvatlr^ "*""""'"<•'••> 
among  themselves  to  forbear  vexing  ellkli        ™^  '  '^"'"*«' 
wises  give  as  little  occasloraL«iK,  ?'*"' ^''" "' »'■■«- 
of  Magistrates.  '  P*"""*  «°  'l-e  Interposition 

13  Resolved  unanimously.  That  in  n,.  f.„-  ,       . 
»a.pp»prlated  Lands  or  Est„teslhl!t^°P''''''''''^Congress,„o 

forfeiled  or  confiscated  lying  tolr^dZn  ^  ^  '"'J'"'««' 
«"•'  ^'-<'"  of  Congres,  i,!  the  PremL^Tre'""*  "."*""  *« 
Ordered,  That  Copies  of  the  afoCng  ReS  ,"  '""■ 
kr  express  to  the  States  of  New  Yo,^  »  „  '  ^  **"' 
Massachusetts  Bay,"  and  to  the  p!  ,  c  "  "^^P^Wre  and 
«d  that  they  be'l^tuveMSl"'  ™^"""  •f-"-W; 

.ppointing  their  Agent  or  AgenteT!^     '""^  ""  """  '»  «'« 
bearinp  aforesaid  *        * "'"''""«'  P'^P"'"?  for  the 

.l^^e'tS:'""™  ^'"^"^  --^  « «i-tlon  t^en 
K       i.r  .  ^HA.  Thomson, Sec'y.    ^ 


HI 


If 


/'■•f 


996 


COMTAOVUUSY  KBBVECTIMG  THE 


/*"■■''' 

i;'^'* 


li'^? 


J1 


'i 


^'1:3 


IV*'' 


.  1 ", 


§ 


rl\  ^l 


CHARLES  PHELPS  TO  THE  LEGISLATURE  OF  NEW-YORK. 

Sirs  I  <...»  «ii^v 

Another  week  has  Roled  off  since  I  wrote  to  y«  Honorable 
Legislature  by  the  post  last  tuesday  and  no  resolution  of  Congress 
upon  the  Vermont  afiair  is  yet  obtained  }  at  things  are  thus 
putt  ofr  from  one  Day  to  anoUierj  the  best  Improvement  I  cun 
make  of  those  Delays  is  to  seek  new  Conferenoes  with  Different 
members  of  Congress  to  open  the  Greviances  of  our  people 
Subjects  of  New  York  state ;  by  the  111  treatment  of  tliose  ol" 
Vermont,  and  their  umreasonable  and  Injurious  Conduct  in 
opposeing  the  mild,  Just,  and  Equitable  Dealings  &  Administrtt- 
tiou  of  New  York  State  to  them  &  us  all  whiolj  is  so  Expressive 
of  tliat  Leiiiant  pacific  and  most  Commisserating  temper 

which  the  present  administration  of  New  York  hath  ever 
Expressed  towards  us  on  the  Grants  and  toward  all  those  oi 
Vermont  iiiction  from  first  to  last  since  the  Revolution  &  in 
Deposeing  those  tyranic  Governors  and  other  JEvil  officers  ol'  the 
Late  arbitrary  Crown  Administration. 

All  which  I  find  has  a  good  Effect  on  the  minds  of  those 
members  of  Congress  and  many  of  them  have  told  me  they  are 
Glad  that  New  York  State  have  sitewn  fmch  a  Spirit  of  Goodness 
and  Justice  to  tliose  Subjects  ;  and  they  are  satisfyed  and  believe 
Congress  in  General  are  satisfyed  iutire^y  of  the  Equity  and 
Justice  of  Administration  toward  them  people  ;  and  numbers  of 
them  Delegates  have  been  so  plain  in  their  Sebtiments  to  me  in 
the  matter  as  to  say  frely  it  is  high  time  Vermont  was  broke  up 
and  it  was  a  Grate  pitty  Congress  liad  not  resolved  against  them 
before  things  had  Got  to  this  Length  with  them — 

But  nevertheless  I  find  those  Sentiments  are  not  the  Sentiments 
of  some  other  Delegates  of  Congress  they  think  moi'e  favorably 
of  Vermont  and  I  believe  if  it  were  possible  with  aney  appearance 
of  Justice  or  Honour  some  of  them  are  so  in  favor  of  them 
people  that  they  wiouW  be  Heartily  Glad  they  were  Establislied 
a  seperate  State. — However  astonishing  it  is  to  consider  of,  yet  I 
verily  believe  it  is  their  Sincere  minds  to  Let  them  be  a  State— 
And  therefore  I  expect  nothing  Else  but  a  Grate  Decision  in 


t^BW  IlASd««)RiC  OkAMIM. 


997 


B  OF  NEW-YORK. 

te  to  y*  Honorable 
'Solution  of  Congress 
09  things  are  thus 
Improvement  I  can 
enoes  with  Different 
inc«8  of  our  people 
reatm«nt  of  tiiose  of 
njurlou8  Conduct  in 
salings  &  Adminlstia- 
liloh  l8  80  Expressive 
ommlsserating  temper 
ew    York   hath   ever 
i  toward  all  tliose  ol 
,  the  Revolution  &  in 
;lier  J)vil  officers  of  the 

m  the  minds  of  those 
have  told  me  tiiey  are 
ch  a  Spirit  of  Goodness 
re  satisfyed  and  believe 
jly  of  the  Equity  and 
jople  ;  and  numbers  of 
ir  Sebtiments  to  me  in 
Vermont  was  broke  up 
t  resolved  against  them 

h  them — 
tsarenottheSenUraents 

think  moi'e  favorably 
le  with  aney  appearance 

\q  so  in  favor  of  them 

they  were  Established 

it  is  to  consider  of,  yet  I 

,  Let  them  be  a  State- 

>ut  a  Grate  Decision  in 


Congress  upon  the  Subject  when  It  Cornel  upon  the  tryal  by  the 

yeas  &  noefl. 

However  I  believe  they  In  General  think  it  wont  Do  by  aney 
means  for  Congress  to  omit  interposing  now  things  are  got  to 
their  High  pitch  of  Confusion. 

I  endeavour  to  Induce  them  to  believe  the  truth  which  Is  that 
if  Congress  dont  Immediately  Interpose  there  will  be  a  grate 
Effusion  of  Blood  as  soon  as  I  return  home  ;  and  that  if  it  should 
be  so  all  the  World  will  know  at  whose  Dore  It  will  be  charged 
by  all  America ;  not  at  the  Dore  of  the  Legislature  of  New- York 
state  for  they  have  done  Every  thing  possible  to  prevent  It  and 
are  yet  with  those  people  their  Loyal  Subjects  who  have  sent  m« 
to  Congress  In  their  behalfe  to  have  Congress  Interpose  now 
timely  before  any  blood  Is  spilt— and  also  the  Legislature  have 
repeatfedly  sent  as  a  State  for  that  purpose  moreover  Governor 
Clinton  as  the  Head  of  that  State  and  Political  father  of  them 
Good  people  under  his  Jurisdiction  has  also  repeatedly  sent  to 
the  same  purpose ;  all  Earnestly  praying  both  Seperately  and 
Joyntly  to  Congress  as  to  the  Grate  Council  of  all  the  States  in 
the  unity  that  they  would  be  pleased  in  their  Grate  Goodness 
Justice  and  Wisdom  to  Interpose  by  their  Prudent  Resolves  in 
the  premises. 

Wherefore  by  this  time  I  Conclude  your  Honour  and  the  whole 
Legislature  think  it  Strange,  that  Congress  has  done  nothing  all 
this  fortnit  in  so  important  an  affair  ;  all  of  whom  I  have  asked 
die  reason  of  the  Delay  say  it  is  Impossible  for  Congress  to  take 
it  up  yet  there  is  so  much  pressing  business  lying  before  them 
prior  to  ours  with  Vermont  they  Could  not  possibly  proceed  upon 
this. 

Yet  I  am  told  last  Week  there  was  an  order  of  Congress  to 
proceed  upon  It,  on  monday  then  next  which  was  yesterday — but 
llie  Business  of  tlie  French  Ambassendor  who  is  soon  to  set  Sail 
for  France  lias  Engrossed  alt  the  attention  of  Congress  for  some 
Days  past  and  Yesterday  also  and  now  I  understand  it  is  put  of 
until  to  morrow  being  V^^ednesday  and  liope  it  will  come  on 
then— but  have  no  Certainty  of  it — there  are  so  many  avocation^ 
Intercepting  of  me  I  Cant  rely  on  any  Encoliragement  of  any 
particular  time  if  never  so  solemnly  agreed  upon — to  Quiet  my 


TWp 


II 


1    *'  •, 


>t*i  '-,*    ^    V     ** 


A    ' 


I  A   4  -   '  rl  t,  ,  ♦  '  '  ' 


*  * 


.  » 


998 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING  THE 


restless  Impatience  they  tell  me  to  Persevere  hoping  and  waiting 
I  shall  have  my  Just  Expectations  all  answered  in  Due  time. 

But  I  have  no  reason  to  think  much  Less  to  Detirmin  as  it 
is  now  become  a  matter  of  grate  Importance  that  it  will  soon  be 
brought  to  an  Issue  and  resolved  upon  be  sure  if  the  Resolve  is 
a  good  one  but  that  It  will  take  up  a  long  time  to  Determine 
upon  the  mode  of  pacification  of  the  parties  Each  of  whom  are 
very  Stife  &  Resolute  in  their  respective  ways  Great  Debate 
will  Ensue  upon  the  Disquisition  and  adjudication  of  matters  of 
such  Influence  and  Importance  to  all  the  united  States  and  of 
such  Delicacy  to  the  People  and  y«  whole  Jurisdiction  of  new 
York  State  in  particular  as  those  matters  are — But  besides  all 
this  the  Strong  Attachment  of  the  minds  of  some  of  the  Delegates 
of  Congress  to  the  side  of  Vermont  &  so  strenious  in  their  iavor 
that  Vermont  Continue  Jurisdiction  that  I  am  not  Certain  but 
they  will  Get  an  order  of  Congress  to  set  them  atime  witli  tlie 
other  States  to  be  heard  upon  their  respective  Claims  of  tliat 
District  as  I  have  [been  informed  by]  one  of  the  Delegates— 
which  if  that  should  be  resolved  so  it  will  take  up  a  Long  time 
before  there  will  be  any  Interposition  of  Congress  I  tell  them 
the  Consequence  of  that  will  Issue  in  Immediate  Blood — but  at 
present  I  Comfort  my  selfe  with  an  assurance  of  some  good  & 
powerful  advocates  in  our  favor  and  in  opposition  to  that 
procrastinating  Scheam  to  the  Eternal  Dishonor  in  my  Humble 
opinion  of  those  members  who  shall  appear  the  Sticklers  for  it. 

My  Endeavors  are  to  attach  as  many  Delegates  in  our  Interest 
as  possible  and  to  oppose  such  a  mischevious  scheem  as  tliat 
appears  to  me  to  be  and  move  Congress  to  resolve  that  Vermont 
Cease  all  future  Jurisdiction  over  any  part  of  that  District  Called 
the  Grants — untill  the  Circumstances  and  Police  of  the  united 
States  will  admit  the  Congress  their  Great  Councel  fully  to  liear 
all  the  Different  State  Claimants  to  that  District  or  any  part 
thereoi  and  then  to  hear  Vermonts  Claims  also — but  not  before 
and  thereupon  for  Congress  to  resolve  what  ought  to  be  done  in 
the  premises  and  their  adjudication  thence  to  be  final  and  I  Cant 
Consent  to  any  other  resolve  as  things  are  situate  I  tell  the 
Delegates  neither  will  New  York  Legislature  accept  any  other  I 


•  ■.' 


loping  and  waiting 
jd  in  Due  time, 
i  to  Detirmin  as  it 
tliat  it  will  soon  be 
re  if  the  Resolve  is 
time  to  Determine 
Each  of  whom  are 
vays    Great  Debate 
ication  of  matters  of 
inited  States  and  of 
Jurisdiction  of  new 

are But  besides  all 

some  of  the  Delegates 
trenious  in  their  tavor 
[  am  not  Certain  but 
;  them  atime  with  the 
lective  Claims  of  that 
ne  of  the  Delegates- 
take  up  a  Long  time 
Congress  I  tell  them 
nediate  Blood— but  at 
irance  of  some  good  & 
in  opposition  to  that 
Lhonor  in  my  Humble 
kr  the  Sticklers  for  it. 
[elegates  in  our  Interest 
Uious  scheem  as  that 
L  resolve  that  Vermont 
of  that  District  Called 
id  Police  of  tlic  united 
ft  Councel  fully  to  hear 
It  District  or  any  part 
19  also-but  not  before 
mt  ought  to  be  done  in 
.e  to  be  final  and  I  Cant 

.  are  situate  I  tell  the 
ture  accept  any  other  I 


MEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


909 


am  persuaded  and  if  Congress  wont  so  Resolve  we  shall  Imme- 
diately Come  to  Blood — against  me 

Others  say  Let  the  Resolve  of  Congress  be  that  Vermont 
Exercise  no  Jurisdiction  over  any  person  or  persons  or  their 
Estate  Claiming  to  be  undex  New  York  Massachusetts  or  New 
Hampshire  States  and  their  own  Declaration  shall  be  the  Decisive 
Determination  who  are  under  the  afors«i  respective  Jurisdiction 
of  those  States.  »  •,'.•>•;■.)■.  h'^  • 'i<>  !^. -r,.;  (,  h^i^-  ■'  =:  ;•  ■• 
But  there  are  so  many  objections  Confronting  such  a  resolution 
I  tell  them  in  stead  of  Congress  preventing  the  Efusion  of  Blood 
it  will  bring  it  on  in  a  most  violent  &  rapid  manner  It  is  too 
tedious  for  you  Gent"  to  here  them  they  are  so  numerous  but 
your  Good  sense  will  upon  a  little  adverting  upon  the  Conduct 
of  officers  arresting  men  &  Estate  &  both  to  be  released  by  order 
of  Congress  if  such  an  order  passes  what  Quarrels  and  Bloody 
noses  will  Inevitably  be  the  Consequence. 

Therefore  there  seems  a  necessity  of  Geographical  Lines  of 
Jurisdiction  being  fixed  to  make  it  safe  for  officers  &c  to  know 
who  the  true  objects  of  their  warrants  &  other  process  are  when 
upon  one  District  undivided  there  are  two  or  more  Rival  Juris- 
dictions of  Rival  Governments  &  all  the  officers  thereof  in  a 
hot  fierie  Rivalship  with  Each  other  upon  such  Important  & 
Delicate  points.  Wlierefore  nothing  further  in  the  premises 
transpiring  Beg  Leave  to  Close  this  Long  narrative  to  your 
Honors  by  subcsribing  my  selfe  with  grate  Esteem  your  Honors 
very  Humble  much  obliged  &  very  Dutiful  Subject  and  moat 
obed'  Humble  Servant  at  Command  of  the  Honorable  Legislature. 
*    ,  -.  Charles  Phelps. 

Philadelphia  Septemb"-  21«  1779. 
To  the  Honorable  President  of  the  right  Honorable  Senate  the 

Honorable  Speaker  of  the  very  Respectable  &  Honorable 

Assembly  of  Legislature  of  New  York  State. 


I"  r 


> 


.:  I' 


^iK^^ 


i 


'•/'.  '; 


it        '  » 


1^ 


'  \#! 


mi  '•     '    >    -    • 


S       *     , 


,     <»       • 


'^ 


J**-! 


4,     »-*, 


t  * 


:A.-- 


1«00 


OOMTROVEIUBr  RBtPBCime  THE 


MESSAGE  OF  GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  LEGISLATURE  OP 

THE  STATE  NEW  YORK. 
Gontlemen, 

I  bave  the  Pleasure  of  transmitting  you  with  this  Message  an 
Aot  of  Congress  of  the  24">  of  September  last  for  adjusting  the 
Controversies  and  settling  the  Disturbances  subsisting  in  the 
Nortli  Eastern  District  of  this  State — if  the  Measures  recom- 
OMuded  by  Congress  meet  with  your  Approbation  you  will 
Mfidily  pereeive  the  Propriety  of  immediately  enacting  the  Laws 
necessary  for  carrying  them  into  Execution. 

Geo.  Clinton. 

Kingston  2d  October  1779.    .   ,      , 


CHARLES  PHELPS  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 


i  •)' 


Sir, 

1  Humbly  pray  your  Excellency's  attention  to  this  my  most 
Humble  Desire  praying  your  most  Kind  &  Important  Influence 
upon  the  minds  of  the  Honorable  Legislature  that  my  accorapt 
for  my  Expence  to  Congress  in  behalf  of  this  Patriotic  State  in 
a  matter  of  so  much  Importance  to  the  Justice,  the  Sacred  Rights 
of- Jurisdiction,  the  Emolument  and  Lasting  tranquility  of  tliis 
whole  State;  against  the  Lawless  &  Treasonable  pretended 
Domination  of  such  a  Contumacious  most  violent  Insulting 
headstrong  and  ferocious  People  of  Vermont ;  Rissen  up  in  tlie 
woods  among  the  mountains.  Snatching  at  the  Helm  of  Govern- 
ment, wrenching  the  Sacred  and  awful  Scepter  thereof  out  of  tlse 
Hands  of  tliose  who  were  Lawfully  Commissioned  to  wield  it; 
to  the  Infinite  Prejudice  of  the  people  of  the  whole  State  and  in 
Contempt  of  the  authority  of  Congress  and  to  the  whole  magis- 
tracy of  tliis  and  in  its  Consequence  to  that  of  the  wliole  united 
States  ;  which  Every  Statesman  &  l^earned  Polititian  througliout 
these  States  must  necessarily  own  without  Hessitancy  upon  the 
first  Clear  and  Impartial  view  thereof.  Wlierefore  the  matter 
of  my  negotiations  both  at  your  Honorable  Legislature  and  at 
the  Honorable  Continental  Congress  of  such  Grate  Importance 


HE 

4 

LEGISLATURE  OP 

IK.     . 

with  this  Message  an 
ast  for  adjusting  the 
ees  subsisting  in  the 
the  Measures  recom- 
A.pprobation  you  will 
tely  enacting  the  Laws 

Geo.  Clinton. 


MEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


1001 


.  CLINTON.      '  ^ 

tention  to  this  my  most 
&  Important  Influence 
ftture  that  my  accorapt 
f  this  Patriotic  State  in 
istice,  the  Sacred  Rights 

sting  tranquility  of  this 

Treasonable   pretended 

most  Tiolent  Insulting 

montjRissenupinthe 

at  the  Helm  of  Govem- 
cepter  thereof  out  of  tlie 

tnmissioned  to  wield  it; 
f  the  whole  State  and  in 
ind  to  the  whole  magis- 
that  of  the  whole  united 
ed  Polititian  throughout 
out  Hessitancy  upon  the 
Wlierefore  the  matter 
arable  Legislature  and  at 
such  Grate  Importance 


and  my  assiduity  Zeal  and  most  Engaged  attention  with  the 
Constancy  and  Elaborate  application  through  out  the  whole 
Long  series  of  that  fatiguing  Journey  all  most  three  months  in 
that  Important  season  of  the  year  it  being  business  of  that  weight 
&  Importance  Demanding  my  utmost  attention  of  Body  &  mind 
to  have  all  things  Don  In  the  best  manner  I  was  Capable  in 
Governmental  matters  of  such  Grate  weight  Delicacy  &  Conse- 
quence to  the  whole  State  of  whicli  I  have  the  honor  of  being  a 
member— tho  it  seems  by  the  wise  Conduct  and  in  the  Just 
Esteem  of  this  Honorable  Legislature  but  a  worthless  one  in 
their  Granting  me  nothing  but  my  Pocket  Expence  tho  I  was  so 
frugal  therein  hereby  Intimating  I  am  the  most  Insignificant 
Subject  or  the  Least  one  of  the  most  minute  members  of  the 
whole  State  for  no  Doubt  the  Court  would  Give  even  a  Common 
Scavenger  as  much  as  his  Pocket  Expence  to  do  any  Drugciy 
for  the  State — the  words  of  the  act  of  the  State  are  "  to  go  to 
Congress  at  the  Expence  of  the  State"  or  tantamount,  nor  in 
Common  parlance  they  must  be  understood  the  whole  Expence 
otherwise  if  the  General  Court  meant  to  pay  but  part  or  only 
pocket  expence,  the  act  would  be  so  worded — but  I  not  wishing 
to  shew  my  self  over  scrupilors  of  the  Honour  or  Justice  of  the 
Court  after  asking  his  Honor  the  Levt.  Governor  &  some  others 
of  the  Honorable  Senate  &  several  Senior  membera  of  the  Hon- 
orable Assembly  Chamber  whether  the  act  ment  to  pay  me  for 
my  time  &  horse  hire  the  answer  was  no  Doubt  for  all  the 
Expence  and  told  me  when  I  com  back  from  Congress  bring  in 
your  bill  for  all  Expence  no  Doubt  it  will  be  Granted — 

Wherefore  I  most  Humbly  pray  to  ask  wliy  I  may  not  be  payed 
for  my  whole  Expence  as  well  as  all  other  servants  of  the  State  I 
iont  meen  the  Honorable  Legislators  they  are  chosen  tlie  Patrons 
k  political  fathers  of  the  State  the  Honour  &  Dignity  of  tliat 
Exalted  &  most  Sublime  office  &  the  Custom  of  the  British  Par- 
liament to  serve  free  of  pay  or  reward  Constitutes  a  grate  diiTer- 
ence  of  which  our  higl\  Courts  of  State  Legislation  tlirougliout 
British  entrusted  America  is  a  most  Conspicuous  Emblem  ofj 
therefore  not  to  be  set  upon  a  par  with  otliers  in  Service. 
Degrading  tlieir  Illustrious  Dignity  with  Common  servants  of  the 
State  upon  whome  such  Imperial  Power  Confidence  Honour  and 


1002 


CONTROVERSY.  RESPECTING  THE 


Z^i"     ,14' 


^^K  :• 


r>,  . 


I** 


1...,     i 


*  ' 


ic   *"        ' 


'»» 


•  1 

,  t 


Dignity  is  not  Confered  as  it  is  upon  the  Right  Honorable  Legis- 
lators of  a  Sovereign  State, — ^For  your  Soliclttors  at  Congress 
have  10,000  pounds  Granted  them  if  need  be  Last  Court  1  am 
told  your  officers  &  Soldiers  your  Commissiaries  &  all  specially 
Employed  in  business  of  the  State  are  payd  their  whole  Expence 
your  Carters  &  waggoners  and  all  others  And  it  is  the  universal 
Practice  of  this  and  all  other  States  to  pay  in  full  for  y"  Expence 
time  &c  and  why  I  should  be  Exempted  I  know  not  so  Contrary 
to  all  Custom  in  such  Cases  as  I  served  this  State  in — ^wherefore 
I  most  humbly  pray  a  reconsideration  of  my  accompt  on  your 
files  and  that  I  be  payed  one  Dollar  &  one  halfe  pr  Day  of  the 
Spanish  kind  &  my  Horse  Hire  as  in  my  account  charged  which 
was  Esteemed  a  moderate  price :  then  by  your  Excellencys  own 
mouth  to  ncie  and  others  &  if  I  am  payd  in  Continental  I  Humbly 
pray  for  an  Equitable  Equation  as  things  now  are  valued  in 
merchandizes  Jjand  production  &c  who  am  Sir  your  Excellencys 
&  the  Honorable  Legislatures  most  Humble  &  obed^  Servant 
and  Ever  true  Loyal  Subject  at  Command.  u»'.  w.,-^  .-i- .  . -  ) 
^  Charles  Phelps. 

To  His  Excellency  Governor  Clinton  and  the  Honorable 
Legislature  of  the  State  of  New  York  is  most  Humbly  presented 
this  my  second  adress  in  the  premises  Hoping  the  prayer  thereof 
be  fully  Granted.  C.  Phelps. 

(Endorsed)  Read  In  Assemy.  Feby.  14t»>  1780  and  Committed 
to  Mess"  Palmer  Vrooman  &  Day. 

The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  Petition  of  Charles 
Phelps  Esq'.  Praying  a  further  allowance  for  certain  servises 
therein  mentioned  Report  that  on  the  opinion  of  your  Committee 
that  said  Charles  Plielps  has  been  amply  allowed  and  Paid  for 
the  servises  alluded  to  in  the  Petition — That  tlierefore  no  further 
allowance  ought  to  be  made  bim. 

...  /M.  ';:-/;  ..*{-fi<|   jT:   is:'?<i'i    ii<'- «»f  o^   ^ -^     ■  ' 


1      , 


HE 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


1003 


ht  Honorable  Legis- 
icittors  at  Congress 
be  Last  Court  I  am 
laries  &  all  specially 
their  whole  Expence 
nd  it  is  the  universal 
Q  full  for  y«  Expence 
£now  not  so  Contrary 
i  State  in— wherefore 
my  accompt  on  your 
16  halfe  pr  Day  of  the 
ccount  charged  which 
your  Excellencys  own 
Continental  I  Humbly 
5s  now  are  valued  in 
a  Sir  your  Excellencys 
nble  &  obedt.  Servant 

Charles  Phelps. 
tt  and  the  Honorable 
lost  Humbly  presented 
)ing  the  prayer  thereof 
C.  Phelps. 

th  1780  and  Committed 

the  Petition  of  Charles 
ce  for  certain  servises 
inionoi  your  Committee 

allowed  and  Paid  for 
hat  therefore  no  further 


,t  't  .■ 


■J};!-: 


r-3.  -    ', 


!    i.t 


\1  !s^  ■/  '  V 


•  '  (; 


^    PETITION  OF  MICAH  TOWNSEND  AND  OTHERS.     .^ 

To  the  honorable  the  Senate  and  Assembly  of  the  State 
i  of  New  York,  in  Legislature  convened. 

.      The  Petition  of  Micah  Townsend  of  Cumberland  County,  on 
V        behalf  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  County  as 
have  suflFered  by  the  Disturbance  prevailing  in  the  Eastern 
■'  District  of  this  State. 
Sheweth,  "t 

That  since  the  Declaration  of  American  Independence,  a  great 
number  of  the  Iniiabitants  of  the  said  District  have  been 
disaffected  to  the  Government  of  this  State  j  and  have  contrary 
to  their  Allegiance  erected  the  Tract,  commonly  called  the  New 
Hampshire  Grants,  into  an  independant  Jurisdiction. 

That  to  prevent  the  Disaffection  from  becoming  general,  and 
to  encourage  the  Inhabitants  which  then  continued  loyal  to 
this  State  in  the  Discharge  of  their  Duty,  as  subjects  thereof; 
the  honorable  the  Legislature  in  the  Month  of  February  in  the 
year  1778,  did  pledge  the  Faith  of  this  State  "to  concur 
"in  the  necessary  Measures  for  protecting  the  loyal  Inhabitants 
"of  this  State  residing  in  the  Counties  of  Albany  Charlotte 
"  Cumberland  and  Gloucester  in  their  Persons  and  Estates." 

That  a  number  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Cumberland  County, 
relying  upon  the  Faith  of  the  State  so  pledged  for  tlie  Protection 
of  their  Persons  and  Estates,  have  continued  in  Allegiance  to, 
and  remained  dutiful  Subjects  of,  this  State. 

That  when  the  party  who  had  erected  a  seperate  Government 
first  proceeded  to  take  the  Property  of  the  loyal  Subjects  of  this 
State,  the  latter  immediately  in  the  most  earnest  manner  petitioned 
bis  Excellency  the  Governor  (it  being  in  the  Recess  of  the 
Legislature)  for  Protection.  That  they  have  several  times  since 
repeated  their  Requests  to  the  same  Purpose.  .  ^„,,ii{f>»'/ 

That  notwithstanding  the  Promise  of  the  Legislature  above 
mentioned,  and  their  several  applications  for  Protection,  Persons 
acting  under  the  authority  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont 
have  imprisoned  a  large  number  of  the  most  respectable  Subjects 
of  this  State  in  Cumberland  County,  and  have  taken  Property 
from  a  considerable  number  of  others. 


;    ( 


If 


•■,1 

-! 

!•   t 


10t)4 


C0NTfl6V£llSy  ll£SP£CTtN0  THE 


.#t 


•    « 


That  the  Persons  who  have  thus  suffered  are  of  Opinion  that 
the  Legislature  are  bound  in  Equity,  at  least  to  make  Compensa- 
tion for  the  Injuries  they  have  received  since  their  Petition  for 
Protection  ;  and  a  majority  of  them  have  requested  your  Petitioner 
to  make  Application  to  the  honorable  the  Legislature  therefor. 

Your  Petitioner  therefore  humbly  prays  that  the  honorable 
the  Legislature  will  be  pleased  to  take  into  Consideration  the 
Injuries  the  Persons  aforesaid  have  received  by  the  State's  not 
protecting  them,  agreeable  to  the  joint  Resolution  of  the 
Legislature  of  February  1778  ;  and  make  them  a  reasonable 
Compensation  for  the  Imprisonment  of  their  Persons,  and  Lou 
of  their  Property  in  Consequence  thereof. 

And  your  Petitioner  as  in  duty  bound,  i^all  ever  pray  &o. 

MicAu  TowNi^RD. ; . 
Kingston,  June  W^.  1780. 


jX±UJjj^' 


ARTICLES  OF  UNION  AGREED  TO  AT  CAMBRIDGE, 


ANNO  1781. 


i 


^f< 


1'  •    I 


v"i 


'!;.* 


m4 


•  ' 


'-tf 


f^^^ 


If  *•>'    1. 


Proposed  by  Convention  composed  of  the  Kepreseutatives  from 
the  several  Districts  of  Hosick,  Schaghtekocke,  Cambridge, 
Saratoga,  Upper  White  Creek,  Black  Creek,  Granvil,  Skeens- 
borough,  Kingsbury,  Fort  Edward,  Little  Hosick  convened  at 
Cambridge  aforesaid  this  9  May  1781  and  by  adj*  to  the  15  of  the 
same  Inclusive  . .   .  .„  .:,. :;, .;   .  , ,, .  ,.  : . ... 

Article  1  That  the  District  or  'tract  of  fiahd  lying  north  of  a 
liine  being  extended  from  the  North  Line  of  tlie  Massachusets 
to  Hudsons  River  and  South  of  Latitude  45  as  Comprehended  in 
the  late  Jurisdictional  Claim  by  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of 
Vermont  be  Considered  as  part  of  tl\e  State  &  the  Inhabitants  as 
free  Citizens    Agreed  to 

2  That  the  whole  of  the  Military  force  of  the  State  of  Vermont 
(as  occasion  may  require)  shall  be  exerted  in  our  defence  as  free 
Citizens  against  any  Insurrection,  Incursion  wliatsoever  but 
eSpeclatly  against  the  Common  Enemy    Agreed  to   .  ,^ 

3  Tliat  application  be  made  by  the  Legislature  of  the  l^tate  bi 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


1009 


E 

re  of  Opinion  that 
;o  make  Corapensa^ 
9  their  Petition  for 
sled  your  Petitioner 
;islature  therefor, 
that  the  honorable 
)  Consideration  the 
I  by  the  State's  not 
Resolution  of  the 
them  a  reasonable 
r  Persons,  and  Lois 

lall  ever  pray  &o.<* 

MiCAU  TOWMSERD*  ' 

AT  CAMBRIDGE, 

)  :Representatives  from 

^tekocke,  Cambridge, 

^ek,  Granvil,  Skeens- 

Hosick  convened  at 

ay  adjUothel5ofthe 

Land  lying  north  of  a 

\  of  the  Massaclmsets 

[5  as  Comprehended  in 

Lure  of  the  State  of 
[e&  the  Inhabitants  as 

If  tlieSiate' of  Vermont 
1  in  our  defence  as  free 
[rsion  whatsoever  but 

Lgrced  to 
FislatureoftheStateof 


Vermont  to  the  Congress  to  be  admitted  into  Union  with  them 
as  soon  as  Circumstances  will  admit    Agreed  to 

4  That  as  the  People  within  the  aforesaid  late  Claim  have  been 
called  upon  and  paid  a  Considerable  part  of  the  Contenental 
Taxes  into  the  Treasury  of  New  York  shall  have  credit  for  th» 
same  in  case  Vermont  at  some  future  period  should  be  called 
upon  to  pay  their  proportion  of  money  emitted  by  Congress      .1 

Agreed  to  provided  the  services  done  by  Vermont  in  the « 
present  war  be  included  ,, 

Reply  agreed  to  provided  the  expence  of  the  said  District  la 
the  present  war  be  likewise  included 

5  That  all  actions  depending  with  the  late  Claim  be  transferred 
iq  the  situation  they  shall  be  in  at  the  Time  of  Completing  the 
Union  to  Courts  that  may  be  then  forthwith  erected  under  the 
authority  of  Vermont  without  Costs  to  the  parties  other  than 
would  have  accrued  had  they  been  Terminated  in  Courts  under 
Jurisdiction  of  New  York    Agreed  to  !;;i 

6  That  the  Change  of  Jurisdiction  shall  not  be  understood  to 
affect  or  Aleaniate  private  property    Agreed  to  ;.„ 

Articles  proposed  by  Legislatur 

1  That  the  Independence  of  Vermont  be  held  Sacred  and  no 
member  of  the  Legislature  give  his  Vote  or  otherwise  use  his 
endeavours  to  obtain  any  act  or  Resolution  of  the  Assembly  that 
shall  endanger  the  existence  Independence  or  well  being  of  said 
Stftte  by  referring  it^  ^independence  to  the  Arbitrament  of  any 
Power    Agreed  to    .»i„,^j  {,.t4,.A»iS.  wt^-«  nd;^f ..  -jM 

2  That  whensoi^ver  this  State  becomes  United  with  the 
American  States  and  there  should  be  any  dispute  between  this 
and  any  of  tlie  United  States  respecting  Boundary  Lines,  the 
Legislature  of  Vermont  will  then  (as  they  have  ever  proposed), 
submit  to  Congress  or  such  other  Tribunal  as  may  be  mutually 
agreed  upon  for  the  settlement  of  such  disputes    Agreed  to 

The  foregoing  Articles  severally  mutually  agreed  to  by  thft  . 
Convention  ^n^  CoAWj^ittee  at  Cambridge  15*  May  1781.      <  r 
.  .«  «,f»  x>n  John  Rodsers  Ch.  of  Convention   ,*;. 
!.  >-  11^  iBif»  Jmn  /(ui   J^««»»  Robinson  Ch.  Com.  ^9 

Jonas  Fay  Clk  Com.         . 


i  '£ 


■n 


:    ''^r 


.  ' 


i 


1006 


OORTBOTSHSY  RESPECTING  THE 


■  I'       > 


»  .  I 


i 


■ 

i-"^^' 

1 

• 

1 

i'*^  'f*' 

^8 

k'    1  i 

.    ■■  >, 

A 

ra<^«     / 

fe'li" 

to- 

^ 

^ '    *•  \ 

fi  r  ^ 

F''^ 

fMv 

"■♦  ♦ 

' 

■^* 

T       " 

*^ 

>       »« 

'  --. 


*•■. 


"It 


JUDGE  YATES  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 


Sir 


Albany  ffebruary  24^^  1782. 


The  Legislature  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont,  n  their 
present  Session  have  relinquished  their  Eastern  and  Western 
.extent  of  Jurisdiction.  The  adherents  to  the  constitutional 
Jurisdiction  of  this  State  who  had  groaned  under  their 
arbitrary  and  oppressive  Government  immediately  thereupon 
exerted  themselves  in  apprehending  the  supporters  of  tliis  usur- 
pation. 

I  do  myself  the  honor  of  inclosing  to  jrour  Excellency  a  List 
of  the  names  of  persons  so  taken,  and  the  charges  against  them. 
and  wlio  in  consequence  of  my  mittimus  are  now  in  actual 
custody,  and  I  have  reason  to  believe  that  many  more  will  be 
taken.  The  charges  are  of  such  a  nature,  as  to  admit  of  a 
Doubt  whether  they  can  be  bailed.  The  insignificancy  of  charac- 
ter or  influence,  or  the  ignorance  of  many  who  have  revolted 
against  the  Government  of  this  State,  may  possibly  afibrd  a 
sufficient  reason  to  government  to  direct  an  indulgence  to  those, 
which  might  be  justly  withheld  from  the  principal  aiders  and 
abettors,  and  for  which  the  Law  as  it  now  stands  has  made  no 
provision. 

I  had  with  me  this  morning  Generals  Enox  &  Safibrd  and  M' 
Ezra  Stiles,  who  were  directed  by  the  Legislature  of  Vermont, 
by  a  Resolution  (a  copy  whereof  I  herewith  inclose)  to  endeavor 
to  get  an  Indemnity  for  those  people.  I  told  them,  that  I 
conceived,  the  Legislature  of  this  State,  who  consider  their 
assumption  of  Legislative  power  in  Vermont  as  an  usurpation 
would  not  upon  the  grounds  of  such  Resolutions  admit  of  their 
application.  For  these  reasons,  to  which  they  assented  they 
intend  to  return  home. 

The  Business  of  attending  to  the  commitment  of  these  Delin- 
quents together  with  that  of  receiving  the  accounts  of  the 
sufferers  by  the  Depredation  of  the  Enemy,  and  what  are  not  all 
as  yet  collected  makes  my  stay  in  Town  for  some  Time  necessary, 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


IE 


1007 


)ruary  34th  1782.   ' 

[  Vermont,  n  their 
istern  and  Western 
)  the  constitutional 
oaned  under  their 
mediately  thereupon 
E)porter8ofthi3USur- 


1*%^*» 


UP  Excellency  a  List 
charges  against  them. 
s  are  now  in  actual 
t  many  more  will  be 
;me,  as  to  admit  of  a 
isignificancyofcliarac- 
ly  who  have  revolted 
may  possibly  afford  a 
in  indulgence  to  those, 
5  principal  aiders  and 
vf  stands  has  made  no 

mox  &  Safford  and  M' 
egislature  of  Vermont, 
th  inclose)  to  endeavor 
I  told  them,  that  I 
,,  who  consider  their 
jiont  as  an  usurpation 
lolutions  admit  of  their 
)ch  they  assented  they 

iltment  of  these  Delin- 

g  the  accounts  of  the 
ay,  and  what  are  not  all 
M  some  Time  necessary, 


and  I  could  wish  that  my  attendance  on  the  Council  of  Revision 
for  these  Reasons  might  be  dispensed  with. 
I  am  with  the  greatest  respect 
Your  Excellency's  most  obedient  frend  &  Servant 

Robert  Yates. 
His  Excellency  George  Clinton  Esq'  Governor  of  the  State  of 
New  York. 


LIST  OF  THE  PERSONS  IN  CUSTODY  BY  MITTIMUS  OF 

JUDGE  YATES. 

For  holding  Military  Commissions  under  the  pretended  State 
of  Vermont,  and  as  officers  opposing  the  Government  and 
authority  of  this  State  William  Sharp,  Francis  Nye. 

For  having  by  force  and  arms  opposed  the  Government  and 
authority  of  this  State,  Benjamin  Duel,  Lowrance  Tenseler, 
Jedediah  Crytenton,  John  Fennel,  John  Tensler,  William  Murray, 
Daniel  Clyde. 

For  having  acted  by  Commissions  under  the  pretended  State 
of  Vermont  John  Snyder  Jun'. 

For  having  accepted  and  exercised  the  office  of  Grand  Juror 
under  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  George  Witsel. 

For  having  accepted  the  office  of  Constable  under  the  pretended 
State  of  Vermont,  and  acting  as  such  to  the  oppression  of  the 
subjects  of  this  State.    Bernard  Hyat.  txt  ?»w 

Committed  the  22<i  &  23'i  day  of  feby  1782. 


»inn*i 


^i»  10  yj-iV:  ■'' 


■iuyhvl'i 


SUBMISSION 


OF  THE  PEOPLE  OF  CAMBRIDGE 
TO  NEW  YORK. 


To  His  Excellency  the  Governor,  Senate,  &  Assembly 

now  Conveened  at  Poughkeepsy  in  the  State  of  New 

York. 

The  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  most  humbly  sheweth. 

That  Whereas  a  number  of  unhappy  People  Inhabiting  a 

District  of  Land  West  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  &  East 


f 

'.i'i 

&008 


COMTKOVERSY    BE8PECTIN0   THE 


if'' . 

f.  - 

mi^-  ''  ''  '    ■  ' 

»   .  ■ 


;;»•<,, 


p.:  *»... 


»•*, 


of  Hudsons  River  which  was  Claimed  by  the  State  of  Vermont 
last  Winter  Tlie  said  People  having  the  greatest  Apprehension 
of  total  Destruction  having  all  their  Forts  burnt  &  Deslrojed  & 
no  force  on  tlielr  Frontiers  Adequate  to  withstand  the  Enemy 
fi*oni  Canada  there  being  an  open  road  for  them  which  they 
could  easily  occupy  by  having  tlie  Command  of  the  Waters  of 
Lake  Champlain  &  many  of  said  People's  Dearest  Relations  being 
Already  in  Captivity  without  h(ipe  of  present  Redemption  & 
having  been  once  most  Grievously  Harrassed  by  flying  before 
the  Enemy  in  1777  out  of  which  Distress  said  People  is  not  yet 
Recovered.  So  that  they  were  not  unacquainted  witli  the  Hard- 
ships of  leaving  their  Habitations  which  they  dreaded  as  they 
must  8u£fer  in  their  Persons  &  families  as  they  had  notliing  to 
tostain  them  abroad. — ^In  the  midst  of  these  Tei-rible  Views  & 
Apprehensions  Vermont  Solicited  [them]  to  acced  to  their  Juris- 
dict'on  &  unite  with  them  to  which  a  great  part  of  said  District 
acceded  as  thinking  it  the  only  mean  left  for  their  preservation 
Considering  their  Local  situation  which  Jurisdiction  has  for 
some  time  been  Exercised  by  tliem  over  said  People,  till  the  last 
Sessipn  of  Assembly  of  said  Vermont  voted  that  the  Resolves 
of  Congress  of  the  seventh  &  twentyfirst  of  August  last  had 
Eventually  Established  the  bounds  of  Vermont  &  of  Consequence 
the  Unions  were  Disolved. — &  as  Congress  in  their  great  Wisdom 
have  Determined  that  we  must  still  Continue  under  the  Govern- 
ment of  New  York  we  heartily  acquiesce  in  their  Determination 
&  pray  that  we  may  be  Restored  to  our  former  Allegience  under 
the  State  of  New  York  (our  Deception  was  great  our  Return  is  I 
hearty.) — And  as  acts  of  Lenity  &  Mercy  Dignifies  the  Human  I 
Nature  more  than  sti'ct  Justice  we  doubt  not  but  that  you  in| 
Your  Clemency  &  Goodness  will  Restore  us  to  our  former  Situa- 
tion that  thereby  we  may  be  Rendered  more  Serviceable  to  the 
United-States  of  America,  and  to  the  State  of  New  York  k 
Particular,  &  your  Petitioners  as  in  duty  bound  shall  ever  pray] 
Signed|  ■  '/=.>  ^    Jonathn.  Waldo, 

JosiAH  Dewey, 
>?;   -     '  FoRTDNATus  Shearman, 

'•  Com^  of  Convention  tor  said  District. 

Cambridge  l*t  March  1782. 


W:' 


m 


:Hfi 

lie  State  of  Vermont 
•cHtest  Apprehension 
burnt  fcDestrojeil  & 
vithstand  the  Enemy 
for  them  which  they 
Bind  of  tlie  Waters  of 
earest  Relations  being 
resent  Redemption  & 
issed  by  flying  before 
said  People  is  not  yet 
aainted  with  the  Hard- 
they  dreaded  as  they 
IS  they  had  nothing  to 
these  TeiTible  Views  & 
toaccedtotheirJuris- 
;at  part  of  said  District 
t  for  their  preservation 
•h  Jurisdiction  has  for 
said  People,  till  the  last 
^oted  that  the  Resolves 
irst  of  August  last  had 
krmont&  of  Consequence 
ss  in  their  great  Wisdom 
[tinue  under  the  Govern- 
•e  in  their  Determination 
former  Allegience  under 
was  great  our  Return  is 
"cy  Dignifies  the  Human 
ubt  not  but  that  you  in 
le  us  to  our  former  Siiua- 
more  Serviceable  to  the 
P  State  of  New  York  in 
fty  bound  shall  ever  pray. 
HN.  Waldo, 
,H  Dewey, 

UNATOS  ShRARMAN,     " 

.ntlon  for  said  District. 


NEW    IlAMl'hlllRE   GRANTS. 


1009 


SUBMISSION  OF  THE  PEOPLE  OF  GllANDVIL  T)  ^'^:w  YORK. 
To  his  Excellency  tiie  Governor  L  the  Honourable  Senate 
and  Assembly  of  the  State  of  New-York. 

Tlie   Petition    of  the   Subscribers    Inhabitants  of  Grunvil 
Humbly  Shewetli — 

Tliat  your  Petitioners  have  been  Exposed  to  tl»e  luvations 
and  Depredations  of  tlie  Enemy  since  the  yeai*  1776  and  since 
the  Evacuation  of  Ticonderoga  have  had  only  a  small  Guartl  at 
Sclieensborough  till  in  the  Spring  of  1780  ;  Since  that  your  Peti- 
tioners iiave  been  Entirely  Destitute  of  any  Socor  notwitlistanding 
the  many  Petitions  and  Remonstrances  Repeating  tlie  same — 

That  your  Petitioners  liave  been  for  tlie  three  Last  Campains 
almost  Constantly  in  alarms  which  hath  rendered  tliem  in  a  most 
Deplorable  Condition  So  that  iliere  are  Numbers  of  familys  now 
among  us  who  liave  scarce  one  Busliel  of  Grain  to  support  them 
uor  is  tlieir  any  to  be  Purchased  within  twenty  miles  Distance 

Tiiat  under  these  Distressing  Circumstances  and  the  Insenua- 
tion  of  ArtfuU  pid  Designing  men  your  Petitioners  were  Seduced 
to  Swerve  from  ihe  allegiance,  not  from  any  Desire  of  Leaveing 
the  State  Could  we  have  been  Protected  But  we  trust  your 
Excellency  and  the  honourable  Body  will  again  Receive  us,  and 
over  look  wliat  your  Distressed  Subjects  have  Done  Hoping  for 
tiie  future  we  shall  take  Care  how  wee  are  Led  by  any  Designing 
men  and  remain  happy  subjects  under  your  Protection 

Your  Petitioners  most  humbly  Prays  that  your  Excellency 
and  tlie  Honourable  Senate  and  assembly  will  take  our  Case  into 
Consideration  and  not  only  Pardon  them  of  their  Transgression 
But  atford  them  some  Defence  for  the  Ensewing  Campaign  and 
your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  will  Ever  Pray. 

Dated  Granvil,  Marcli  ye  4  A  D  1782.  '  -^^ 

Abraham  Yandurce     ,' 


m^ 


Moses  Sawyer 
Daniel  Curtice 
Asaph  Cook 
Henry  Wadkeng'  ,; 
Bcnjn  Baker 
David  Doane      '    '^ 
(lidcon  Allen 
Eliphead  Parker 
Aaron  Smith 
Micah  Griffith 
Peter  Harinton 
Moses  Powers 
Joseph  Barker      "^ 
Vol..  IV. 


Thomas  Griffith 
Josiah  Mix 
Sam'll  Harndon 
James  Covel 
Isa'li  Bennett 
Theod's  Norton 
Jonathan  Harndcn 
Ebn'r  Walker 
Ichabead  Parker 
John  Bateman 
James  Otes 
Peter  Grover 


John  Grover 
John  Barnes 
David  Blokslco 
John  Walker 
John  Spring 
Solomon  Baker 
Thomas  Grefes 
Joseph  Ilerinton 
Ebeneser  Gould 
Jesse  Atwater 
Hein  Williams 


•)>-■< 


(' 


t  .? 


.  i 


•*rt,* 


]01« 


CONTROVERSY  RUPCCTIN6  THS 


l.y!^' 


!■=« 


A  -       V   .4 

-V 


SUBMISSION  OF  THE  PEOPLE  OF  WHITE  CREEK  TO     ' 

NEW  YORK. 

To  His  Excellepcy  George  Clinton  Esquire  &  the  Honorable 
the  Senate  and  Assembly  of  the  State  of  New- York,  the 
petition  of  the  Subscribers  most  Humbly  sheweth— 
That  your  Petitioners  have  been  ever  since  their  settling  Id 
this  County  Faithful!  subjects  to  the  State  of  New  York  k 
notwithstanding  numbers  of  this  County  having  gone  over  to 
Vermont  yett  such  as  have  shewn  themselves  friend  to  the 
Common  cause  &  appear  to  Bee  Truly  penetant  for  their  miscon- 
duct, we  would  Recommend  to  your  Excellency  &  Legislature 
for  pity  ;  that  altho  they  have  swerved  Prom  their  allejance  to 
this  state  yet  they  have  shown  themselves  To  be  allways  in  redi- 
uess  to  oppose  our  Enemy ;  we  would  therefore  Request  that 
your  Excellency,  &  the  Honorable  Legislature  Will  take  tliere 
Case  into  Consideration  &  restore  them  to  their  former  Privalages 
&  as  in  duty  bound  shall  Ever  pray. 
White  Creek  March  5»i»  1782. 


John  Armstrong  Capt 
John  Henry 
Edward  Savage 
John  Gray 
Matthew  M  Wborter 


Robert  Pennell 
Alexander  Turner 
Pelatiah  Fitch  Junr 
Joahua  Gonkey 
Thos  Armstrong 


Robert  Boyd 
Alexr  Kennedy 
Samuel  Whoiter 
Thomas  Lyon 
Sanford  Smith 


J  'ii  >.. 


r^^ 

J         *  * 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  COMMITTEES  OF  CUMBERLAND  CO. 


£?.  * 


-■:  !  .:         Poughkeepsie  May  6'h  1782. 

(Gentlemen       ,  f  ;u  .  ii 

Your  Petition  dated  the  26t>>  April  last  was  presented  to  me  I 
by  M'  Shepherdson  your  Agent  in  answer  to  which  I  would  assure 
you  that  as  soon  as  the  Council  of  appointment  can  be  convened  ll 
shall  use  my  best  endeavours  that  the  requisite  civil  and  niilitaryj 
oflGlcers  be  appointed  for  the  Towns  you  represent  agreable  to 
your  Request. 

In  the  mean  time  I  transmit  you  copies  of  two  acts,  passed  bjj 
the  Legislature  at  their  last  Meeting,  from  which  it  will  appeaj 


rE  CHEEK  TO 

lire  &  the  Honorable 
e  of  New-York,  the 
nbly  sheweth— 
nee  their  settling  In 
tate  of  New  York  & 
haying  gone  over  to 
aselves  friend  to  the 
etant  for  their  mlscon- 
ellency  &  Legislature 
•ora  their  allejance  to 
Tobeallwaysinredi- 
therefore  Request  tlmt 
lature  Will  take  there 
their  former  Prlvalages 


Robert  Boyd 
Alexr  Kennedy 
Samuel  Whorter 
Thomas  Lyon 
Sanford  Bmitu 


WEW  HAMPSHfRE  (^AMTS. 


101^ 


OF  CUMBEKLAND  CO. 
keepsie  May  ^^^  ^82. 

^t  was  presented  to  me 
n  to  which  1  would  assure 

Intment  can  be  convened!  ^ 

Luislte  civil  and  mdj^^^^^^ 

P  represent  agreable  to 

Les  of  two  acts,  passed  by 
Lm  which  it  will  appear 


that  «ltho' the  State  is  determined  not  to  Rdlnqulsh  It*s  Right 
of  Jurisdiction  to  tlie  Country  distlngnished  by  the  Mew  Hamp- 
nhire  (Jrants  unless  Congress  slumld  agreeable  to  uyir  Act  of 
Submission  judicially  determine  it  not  to  be  comprehended  within 
our  Boundaries,  yet  that  tve  are  dlspose<l  to  every  measure  fur 
confirming  the  Inhabitants  in  tlidr  Titles  and  Possessions  as 
to  Riglit  of  Soil  and  for  healing  anhnosities,  which  eitlier  Justice 
Expediency  or  even  Generosity  can  dictate  ;  and  I  would  wish 
that  these  Copies  might  be  as  dittuslvely  and  expeditiously 
dispersed  as  possible  tliroughout  the  wiiole  of  the  Grants ;  as  I 
flatter  myself  tliat  the  Inhabitants  will  be  thereby  convinced 
that  wliile  we  resolve  to  maintain  tliat  authority  whicli  is 
essential  to  the  Peace  and  Welfare,  not  only  of  this  State, 
bat  of  the  whole  Confederacy.    We  never  had  it  In  contem- 
plation to  deprive   Individuals    of  their   Property  and  that 
under  this  Conviction  every  Cause  of  Jealousy  will  cease  and 
the  Inhabitants  will  return  to  their  allegiance  to  this  State ;  and 
I  would  particularly  recommend  in  order  that  tliey  may  entitle 
themselves  to  the  security,  with  respect  to  their  Titles  and 
Possession^',  intended  by  one  of  the  Acts,  that  Agents  or  Deputies 
may  be  elected  in  the  Towns  conformadable  tliereto  and  I  pledge 
myself  that  Commissioners  will  be  immediately  appointed  and 
every  other  nieastlre  taken  on  the  part  of  this  State  for  carrying 
the  good  intentions  of  the  Legislature  into  effect. 

It  may  Hot  be  improper  for  me  to  remind  you  that  Congress 
by  their  act  of  the  24t>>  September  1779  expressly  declare  it  to 
be  the  Duty  of  the  People  inhabiting  on  the  Grants  to  abstain 
from  exercising  any  Power  over  any  Inhabitants  who  profess  to 
owe  allegiance  to  this  State  and  that  this  State  ought  to  suspend 
executing  its  Law  over  any  of  the  Inhabitants  except  such  as 
profess  themselves  to  be  its  Subjects.  This  State  has  during  the 
whole  of  the  Tiiae  since  the  Controversy  was  submitted  to 
Congress  hitherto  strictly  observed  this  Recommendation  of 
Congress  ;  and  should  any  Person  under  pretence  of  authority 
^m  the  assumed  Government  attempt  to  enforce  their  Laws, 
you  will  perceive  that  Resistance  by  force  is  in  every  point  of 
view  justifiable  and  the  Faith  and  Honor  of  Congress  is  pledged 
for  your  support. 


Il 


'r-' 

i 

\  .>,' 


1012 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


You  doubtless  are  apprised  tliat  there  is  the  fullest  Evidence 
of  a  criminal  and  dangerous  Intercourse  between  some  of  the 
Leaders  in  the  assumed  Government  and  the  common  Enemy 
and  this  I  trust  will  be  an  additional  Inducement  with  such  who 
profess  to  be  friends  to  the  Cause  of  America  to  interest  them- 
selves in  prevailing  with  their  fellow  citizens  to  return  to  their 
allegiance  and  by  that  means  disappoint  the  views  of  a  Combi- 
nation wlio  from  motives  of  self  Interest  and  ambition  would 
enter  into  a  league  with  the  Enemy  and  sacrifice  the  Liberties 
of  their  Country. 

Should  those  overtures  be  rejected  and  prove  ineffectual  for 
the  reestablishment  of  Peace  and  good  Government  and  should 
Congress  delay  or  wholly  decline  to  decide  on  the  Question  of 
Boundary,  it  is  evident  that  tlie  State  has  no  alternative  left,  but 
must  necessarily  have  recourse  to  compulsory  means  to  maintain 
those  Rights  and  enforce  that  authority  so  essential  to  our  future 
Peace  and  Security. 

I  am  with  great  Respect  &  Regard 
Gentlemen 

Your  most  obed' serv* 

Geo:  Clinton, 
To  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Convention  of  Committees 

from  the  Towns  of  Brattleborough  Guilford  & 

Halifax  in  Cumberland    County. 


<-,  ,   ■  I 


Sir 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  JOEL  BIGELOW  ESQ. 

'  '  Pokeepsie  15">  September  1782. 


From  the  Conversation  between  us  you  are  already  apprize 
of  the  Measures  I  have  taken  in  Consequence  of  the  Informatioi 
I  received  relative  to  the  late  outrage  committtd  by  the  Inhab: 
tants  on  tlie  Grants  wlio  oppose  the  Government  of  this  Stat 
and  you  may  be  assured  the  moment  I  am  informed  of  tl: 
Effects  these  Measures  may  produce  I  sliall  communicate  the 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS.   > 


1013 


to  you— until  the  Result  of  the  present  application  to  Congress 
I  would  as  heretofore  recommended  to  our  Friends  still  to 
persevere  in  the  Line  of  Conduct  pointed  out  by  the  Resolve  of 
Congress  in  abstaining  from  all  acts  of  Force  or  Violence  except 
when  their  immediate  self  Defence  shall  compel  them  to  have 
Recourse  to  resistance  by  Arms.  At  the  same  Time  should  the 
Government  of  the  pretended  State  continue  to  hold  the  Prisoners 
in  Confinement  I  would  then  think  it  justifiable  and  advisable 
that  attempts  should  be  made  for  their  Release,  and  if  this 
cannot  be  effected  then  that  an  equal  number  of  tlie  Insurgents 
should  be  taken  &  brought  to  this  or  any  other  Place  of  Security 
in  the  State  where  they  can  be  detained  as  Hostages  for  the 
security  and  Indemnity  of  the  subjects  of  this  State  whom.they 
have  made  Prisoners  of  '      -^ 

^   I  am  Sir  your  most  obed*  Serv*      -{-i 

,  _.  ,  Geo:  Clinton. 

M'  Joel  Biglow. 


i    H 


I 


you  are  already  apprized 
quence  of  the  Information 
comraitttd  by  the  Inhabi- 
Government  ot  this  State 
lent  I  am  informed  of  the 
shall  communicate  them 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  CONVENTION  OF  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

Pokeepsie  27th  September  1782. 
Gentlemen 

You  doubtless  have  been  informed  by  M'  Biglow  that  I 
immediately  transmitted  an  account  of  the  late  Outrage  commit- 
ted by  Ethan  Allen,  and  others  on  the  subjects  of  this  State  and 
Cumberland  County  to  our  Delegates  at  Philadelphia  to  be  by 
them  communicated  to  Congress  and  requesting  the  immediate 
Interposition  of  Congress  for  your  Protecti(m,andfor  the  preser- 
vation of  the  public  Peace.  I  have  this  day  received  an  answer 
from  the  Delegates  which  M'  Biglow  has  perused  and  from 
which  it  appears  that  altho  there  was  not  sufficient  Time  when 
my  Messenger  left  Philadelpliia  for  the  Congress  to  come  to  any 
Determinaton  on  the  Intelligence  yet  that  there  was  every  Reason 
to  believe  they  will  immediately  interpose  and  exert  their 
authority  for  your  Relief  and  Protection  and  you  may  be  assured 
that  the  moment  I  am  favored  with  their  Determination  it  shall 
be  forwarded  to  you.    In  the  mean  Time  I  will  still  earnestly 


1014 


0OACVlQY«Rfi,Y.  vm^JSftfVIO,  THE 


lav  <tt    -^W 


^         1 


Si-     '    • 


feoommend  to  you  to  persev«ro  io  the  peaceable  Lioe  of  Conduct 
which  you,  have  hjtherto  observed  apd  uot  to  have  recourse  to 
Violeaoe  or  Fovoe  unlesft  when  the  immediate  Defence  of  your 
Penon  or  Property,  rendei;  it  necessary  and  by  no  means 
in,  order  to  avert  the  apprehensions  which  you  experience  at 
present  (audi  which  L  sinceiicly  regret)  to  submit  to  the  usurpa- 
tion or  tp  swerve  fieom  your  Duty  or  Allegiance . 
I;  am  Goptlemen  wit^f  great 
Respect  &  E^eem  your  most,  obed*  sery 

Addvessed^  ,         , 

lb  the  Ctentlemen  fomung  a  Conveutiooof     , 
the  Gk>mittee8  of  the  Townftof  Oui)fp]:4,, 
Halifax  Brattleborough,  &°  &°  &«  CuiUr  ; 

berland  Oounty. 


^r 


in. 


■V 


PETITION  OF  COL.  CHURCH 

IN  BEHALF  OF  HIMSELF  AND  OTHERS  OF  THE  VERMOMT  SUFFERERS. 

To  his  Excellency  the  Governor  and  the  Honourable  the  Legisla- 
tiire  of  the  State  of  New  York,  the  Petition  of  the  Subscribers, 
in  behalf  of  themselves  and  others  most  Humbly  Sheweth, 
That  your  Petitioners  and  those  they  represent  are  Inhabitants 
of  Cumberland  County  and  by  their  attachment,  zeal  and  activity 
in  Endeavouring  to  support  the  Just  and  Lawfull  Authority  of 
New,  York  Incurred  a  Displeasure  from  those  who  stiled  them- 
m'  ;'es  Freemen  of  Vermont,  But  by  the  encouragement  from  the 
iSveraliResolutions  of  Congress  and  Particularly  that  of  the  fifth 
of  December  1782,  and  the  laws  and  Resolutions  of  the  State  of 
New  York,  your  Petitioners  were  induced  to  believe  that  the 
lawless  and  ungratefull  usurpers  would  be  brought  to  submitt 
to  its  I>awfull  authority,  or  at  least  to  permitt  your  Petitioners  to 
icmain  peaceably  on  their  Farms,  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  New 
¥ork,  But  notwithstanding  the  Resolutions  and  Laws,  these 
Lawlesa  usurpers,  raia^  in  Arms  U>th»  Number  of  four  or  five  i 


M^' 


tbleLioe  of  Conduct 
to  have  recourse  to 
tte  Defence  of  your 
md  by  no  meaiw 
you  experience  at 
kbmit  tP  tjie  usurpa- 
inee .  . ^ 

obed*  serv 


MKW  BAMtraiRB  OBANTS. 


loiii. 


Hundred,  Drove  some  of  your  Petitioners  from  their  habitations, 
Imprisoned  others,  killed  one,  and  wounded  others,  confiscated 
their  Estates  and  sold  their  Effects. 

Your  Petitioners  cannot  but  hope  that  having  thus  sacrificed 
their  all,  suffered  such  exquisite  Tortures,  Banishments,  Impris- 
onments in  loathsom  Ooals,  half  starved,  and  threatened  with 
being  put  to  Ignominious  Deaths,  But,  that  your  Honours  will 
take  their  case  into  your  most  serious  Consideration,  and  grant 
them  some  relief  in  their  Deplorable  Situation,  and  your  Peti- 
tioners as  in  duty  bound  will  ever  be  good  Citizens  of  the  State 
of  New  York. 

Timothy  Church,  Col'., 

Wm.  Shattuck,  M^j'., 

Henry  Evans,  Mej'. 
New  York  24t>'  Feb'y  1786. 


lii 


;  « 


1l 


ijRCH 

VEBMOMT  8UFFERBM. 

lonourable  the  Legisla- 
tion of  the  Subscribers, 

St  Humbly  Sheweth, 
jpresent  are  Inhabitants 
iment,  Zealand  activity 
dLawfull  Authority  of 
those  who  stiled  them- 
mcouragement  from  the 
icularly  that  of  the  fifth 
solutions  of  the  State  of 
Bed  to  believe  that  the 
{  be  brought  to  submitt 
rmitt  your  Petitioners  to 

,  the  Jurisdiction  of  Nev 
tttions  and  Laws,  these 
Number  of  four  or  flv« 


A  LIST  OP  THE  CIVIL  AND  MILITARY  OFFICERS 

In  the  County  of  Cumberland  who  were  Commissioned  by  thiB 
State  of  New  York,  and  who  have  been  either  Imprisoned 
Banished  or  have  had  their  Efects  taken  from  them  by  the 
Authority  of  Vermont  and  also  the  amount  of  their  lossdl. 
Estimated  by  a  Committee  on  Oath. 


Civil  Officers. 

Timothy  Phelps  Sheriff, 

BUjah  Pronty, 

8t(Dl<  Bigby, 

Dul.  ShepheatidBOB,  Jus- 

tioeg  of  Peace. 


Military  Officers. 

Timothy  Church  Colo. 
Wm.  Shattaok  Hajr. 
Henry  Evans     do 
Joseph  Peck  Oapn. 
Thos.  Baker     do 
Joseph  EUet     do 
Danl.  Ashoraft  do 
ArtottasHow  do 
Wm.  White  Lient. 
Elihu  Root       do 
I)uao  Wells      do 
Danl.  Danilson  do 
Jobs  Alexander  Lieut. 
Francis  Proughty    do 
Isaao  Orosby  da 

JonathanAlexanderEnsign 
Blmion  Terrel  do 

David  Lamb  do 

Joshua  Buss  do 

Buben  Church  do 

Joel  Bigeloe  A^Jntaat. 


Number  of 
Privates. 


Upward  of 
one  hundred 


Amount  of  DaoMgM 
Sustained. 


Sixteen  ThooHHii 
Six  Hundred  and 
Sixty>three  pouodt 
Thirteen  Shilling! 
and  Bight  pence. 


I 
ft 


1016 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE 


r: 


ft.'    //^ 


We  and  each  of  us  do  most  Solemnly  and  Sincerely  Swear  and 
Declare  in  the  presence  of  Almighty  God,  that  the  above  is  to 
the  best  of  our  Knowledge  and  belief  a  Just  and  True  account 
of  the  names  and  numbers  of  officers  Both  Civil  &  Military  the 
numbers  of  Privates  as  nearly  as  can  be  ascertained,  and  the 
amount  of  the  Damages. 
y^-  •  M  ^.       Timothy  Church, 

^Ji.   :,j    intir  .j:  f.i:a?<!T>*  •■:<,-•>         Wm.  ShATTUCK, 

Henry  Evans. 
Sworn  the  28">  day  of  Febx  1786  before 

Jno.  How  Hobart, 


,.:'    K  ..:- 


•"/  „■  'i ;  i 


STATE  OF  NEW  YORK  RESOLVES  TO  PROVIDE  FOR  THE 
VERMONT  SUFFERERS. 


V  " 


■if 


f/^l 


'-^■i'i, 


?   I 


s     » 


r' 


■t  yr>  . 


A  i '     ■ 


,i   it 


•  state  of  New  York 

,^^''< ';'?''         In.Senate  March  the  1*'.  1786. 
M'.  L'Homraedieu  from  the  Committee  to  whom  was  referred 
the  Petition  of  Col".  Timoth  Church  Major  William  Shattack 
and  Major  Henry  Evans  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  others, 
lahabitants  of  Cumberland  County  reported,  that  it  appears  to 
the  Committee  that  the  Petitioners  with  many  others  holding 
offices  both  civil  &  Military  under  the  Authority  of  this  State, 
with  other  inhabitants  of  the  said  County  have  greatly  suffered 
in  their  persons  and  Estates  and  are  still  subject  to  heavy  tines 
imposed  by  the  Authority  of  the  Assumed  State  of  Vermont  for 
DO  other  Crime  than  supporting  the  lawful  Authority  of  this 
State  in  the  said  County  which  from  time  to  time  have  done  in 
pursuance  of  sundry  Resolutions  of  Congress  the  Several  Laws 
of  this  State  and  the  directions  of  their  Superiors  in  Office,  that 
the  Petitioners  with  others  whom  they  represent,  being  deprived 
in  a  great  measure  of  the  means  of  subsistence  and  having 
become  odious  to  the  present  Government  of  the  said  Assiuned 
State  by  reason  of  their  supporting  the  Laws  of  this  State  in  the 
said  County  are  unable  to  continue  longer  in  the  said  County 
without  the  greatest  inconvenience  to  themselves  and  families, 


icerely  Swear  and 
it  the  above  is  to 
*nd  True  account 
Lvil  &  Military  the 
jertained,  and  the 

iMOTHY  Church, 
^M.  Shattuck, 
[enry  Evans. 

RT.  ,  ,         ' 


PROVIDE  FOR  THE 

S. 

State  of  New  York 

thel^M'TSe. 

to  whom  was  referred 

jor  William  Shattack 
eraselves  and  others, 
;d,  that  it  appears  to 
many  others  holding 
athority  of  this  State, 
have  greatly  suffered 
subject  to  heavy  tines 
State  of  Vermont  for 
fful  Authority  of  this 
,  to  time  have  done  in 
re'ss  the  Several  Laws 
iperiors  in  Office,  that 
present,  being  deprived 

Listence  and  having 
ft  of  the  said  Assumed 
aws  of  this  State  iu  the 

,er  in  the  said  County 
emselves  and  families, 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


1017 


t 


and  are  desirous  of  removing  immediately  into  the  western  parts 
of  tliis  State,  Provided  they  could  procure  vacant  lands  fit  for 
cultivation^  That  in  the  Opinion  of  your  Committee  the  said 
Petitioners  and  others  whom  they  represent  have  a  Claim  on  tlie 
State  for  some  compensation  for  their  sufferings  and  Losses,  and 
that  it  will  be  proper  for  the  State  to  Grant  to  the  Petitioners 
and  the  Persons  they  Represent  a  quantity  of  vacant  land 
equivalent  to  a  Township  of  Eight  miles  square  which  report  he 
read  in  his  place  and  delivered  the  same  in  at  the  Table  where 
it  was  again  read  and  agreed  to  by  the  Senate  thereupon, 

Resolved  (if  the  Honourable  the  Assembly  concur  herein)  That 
the  Legislature  during  their  present  meeting  will  make  Provision 
for  Granting  to  Col°.  Timothy  Cliurch  Major  William  Shattack 
Major  Henry  Evans  and  about  one  hundred  other  Persons  whom 
they  represent  a  Quantity  of  Vacant  Lands  equal  to  a  Township 
of  Eight  Miles  Square.  . 

Ordered  that  M'.  Roosevelt  deliver  a  Copy  of  the  preceeding 

Resolution  to  the  Honourable  the  Assemblv.       ,  ,  , , 

Extract 

Abm.  B.  Banker,  Clk 

State  of  New  York 

In  Assembly  March  1«*  1786 

Resolved  that  this  House  do  concur  with  the  Honorable  th* 

Senate  in  the  preceeding  Resolution. 

Ordered  that  M'.  Goforth  deliver  a  Copy  of  the  last  preceeding 

Resolution  of  Concurrence  to  the  Honorable  the  Senate. 

A  Copy 

John  McKesson  Clk 


LIST  OF  VERMONT   SUFFERERS 

* 
WHO    OBTAIN.ED    LAND   IN    THE    TOWNSHIP    OF    CLINTON, 
(now   BAINBRIDGE)   CHENANGO  COUNTY   N.    Y. 

Pt'is.>ns  Deemed  by  the  Commissioners  of  the  Land  Office, 
SulT'  1  (IS  ill  Opposing  the  Government  of  the  pretended  State  of 
VeinioDt  with  the  proportion  of  Land  adjudged  to  each  set 


•liS' 


% 


*1Q18 


CONTBPV^RtT  RS3PEGTING  THE 


Opposite  to  their  respeetlye  names  together  with  the  Numl^r  of 
the  Lots  Ballotted  to  them  respectively  by  the  Secretary  in  the 
presence  of  the  Board. 


..I  1 


..     '.t 


r^-tv  ^  K 


*     * 


f'Jt-' 


* 


[From  Land  Papers  e&dpned  Petitions  of  Yermont  SafiTerers] 


Names  Acres 

Timothy  Church  8840 

William  Shattuck  9200 

Francis  Prouty  1180  ) 
Isaac  Kendell  100  ( 

William  White  640 

Joseph  Peck        •        «  640 

Daniel  Ashcroft  640 

Thos.  Baker  260  > 

Samh  Bixby  880  $ 

Hesekiah  Stowell  840  ) 

Orlanda  Bridgman  260  > 

Samuel  Clark  180  y 

BphraimKnapp  100) 

Artems.  How  200  1 

David  How  170  f 

Reuben  Smith  170  J 

Samuel  Meldy  420 

Jonath.  S.  Alexander  220 

James  Davidson  600 

James  Wallace  140 

David  Lamb  800 

Jacob  Stoddard  r ,  ,  „  170 
Samuel  Earl           '"    '         170 

Elisha  Pierce  aOO 

Eleazer  Church.  260 

R  B  Church  180 

Joseph  Chamberlin  880  i 

Oliver  Teal  260  < 

John  Adams  160' 

Charles  Packer  160 
Jonathan  Stoddard  j  un        160 

Benjamin  Sallow  160, 

Joseph  Wells  860 

Asa  Packer  280 

Caleb  Niirse^^  240 

David  Thurberjunr.  200 

Jonath.  Stoddard  200 

Amos  Yeaw  210  ) 

Eleaser  T«be  210  S 

David  Culver  220  } 

Josiah  Price  200) 

Newel  Earl  200  S 

Joseph  Coleman  240) 

Dttvid  Thurber  640 

David  Thurber  200  ) 

Asa  Stowell  220  > 

Edmund  Beamop  200) 

Abraham  Avery  480  ) 

William  Gault  210  X 

Seth  Clark  i  <   ,  160) 

John  Alden  160  > 

James  Packer  820  ) 

Henry  Evens  1920 

John  Alexander  280  ) 

liaac  Crosby  180  > 

Beuban  Chorcii.  180  ) 


NO.  47.86.60.90.71.84 

N°.  86.58.66.82.78 

for  Prouty  N«*.  62 

for     do    fcKendoUNO.  86 

NO.  88 

N".  68 

N">.  88 

N".  81 

for  Stowell  No.  87 

for     do.    Bridgmfteiarklf^.7t 


N».  68 

r   -'        '  ' 

.  J  ' ,  1 

N".  9» 

'     .  V  "*  *  -•  '- 

N°.  89 

■.""■ 

H".  89 

N».  97 
N«.  66 

N°.  64 

N».  88' 

N'.  H.,, 

N".  92 

N».  65 
N".  40 


N». 

06. 

N". 

sr 

N». 

48 

N*. 

78.79.80 

N". 

77 

VSWAUfiPSHIRE  GBANTS. 


lOld 


itb  the  Numl}er  of 
le  Secretary  in  the 

noQt  Sufferarii] 


,eU  No.  87    ^  _^  ^  „ 


Nwnea 


Noah  Shepherdson 
1,  Joel  Bigfllow 

Joshua  Nurse 

Nathl.  Carpenter 
I,   Samuel  Golefks 

Jothan  Bigelow 

Charles  Phelps 
I    Nathaa  Avery 

Timothy  Phelps 
1    Samuel  Cutwortb 

John  Burrows 

Daniel  Shepherdson 
1    Moses  Teaw 

Israel  Field 

Elijah  Prouty 
\    Jonathan  Dunkly 

Hezekiah  Broad 

Benjan  Baker 
1    Ephraim  Rice 

Joseph  Garsey 

Joseph  Shepherdson 
1'   Jonathan  Chufch 

John  Collins        , 

Samuel  Noble 
1    Thos.  Whipple 

Adonijah  Putnam 

loabod  Parker 
1    Amos  York  junr 

Nathan  Culver 

Blisha  Clark 

Caleb  Ellis 

Elijah  Curtis 

Isaac  Slatter 

Daniel  Whitney 

Artemns  Gloodenough 
1    Joseph  Whipple 

Dean  Chace 

John  Gault 
1    Hal  Salsbury 

Samuel  Curtis 

Aseph  Carpenter 

Matthew  Ellis 
I    Asa  Clark 

Ithamer  Goodenongh 

Cyrryl  Carpenter 

Henry  Evens 
1    PaulNicolls 

Daniel  Wilkins 

Shabal  Bullock 

David  GU>odenough 

Edward  Carpeuter 

Lots  not  drawn  N**-  4S.45 


N».  42 


Acres 
90  ) 

860  }     N».  7/4 
200S 
280) 

180  >     N".  96 
180) 
608) 
182  ( 
280  i 

180  >     N°.  70 
180  J 
280) 

180  }     N».  96 
180  J 
466  > 
175  { 
860 


N».  44 


•     N".  100 


97 

97 

96J 
263  i 

217  }     N°.  67 
160  S 
214  > 

2U  }     N°.  91 
212) 
214  > 

214  }     N°.  62 
212  i 
100 


.     N".  SB 


N".  57 


180 

180 

180 

180 

180 

180 

100 

280 '> 

180  >     N*i  69 

180  J 

8501 

971 

97  f 

96  J 
220 
100 
140 

90 

90 
340) 

800  <; 


N°.  69 


N'.  41 


N».  49 


46.64.61.72.75.76.85.99. 


_»K»? 


I 


I  • 


Philip  Frisbee 
Ephraim  Guthrie 
Goold  Bacon 
Joseph  Landers 


Samuel  Frisbee 
Eben  Landers, 
Heman  Stone 
Roderick  Moore 


Philip  Frisbe»  jmai 
Seth  Stone 
Nathl  Benton  Jr. 
and  tiieir  Aai8iiBt«tfl«« 


By  Act  of  the  20^  March  1788  are  to  have  granta  fitf  t)i0 
Lots  N*  45  &  61  in  Clinton  Township  on  their  applyii^  |»v  th^ 

MM.  .^, 


4020 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE 


■:',V 


The  following  persons  also  had  grants,  viz  : — Isaac  Crosby  • 
Israel  Smith ;  Henry  Morgan ;  Col.  Seth  Smith — 780  acres ;  James 
Comins,  William  Pierce,  Francis  Comins,  James  Cummins  Jun'. 
500  acres."  Obadiah  Wells,  Cap*  Joseph  Elliot  4  50a. ;  Joshua 
Lindes,  Samuel  Lindes,  Judathan  Roberts,  Giles  Roberts,  Jolin 
Sherburn,  Ensign  Rutherford  Hays,  Araariah  Parks,  Zephaniah 
Shepardson.  "'     '    >  ;,,     •  •  ; 


*'  i 


»•♦ 


*     f 


PETITION  OF  COL.  PATTERSON  AND  HIS  FELLOW 

SUFFERERS. 

[From  Asa.  Pap.  Vermont  Contror.] 

To  his  Exelency  George  Clinton  Esquire  Governor  of  the  State 

of  New  York  and  the  Honourable  the  Senate  and  Assembly  of 

the  same  State  &c'i.&ca.&c'». 

The  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  in  behalf  of  themselves  and 
their  associates  Most  Humbly  Sheweth, 

Tiiat  during  the  continuance  of  the  Controversy  which  Sub- 
sisted between  the  State  of  New  York  and  the  Frinds  and 
Supporters  of  Vermont  your  Petitioners  and  their  Associates 
were  uniformly  Loyal  to  the  State  of  New  York  Supported  the 
rights  and  Interests  therepl  .laving  not  only  frequently  risqued 
their  Lives  but  expended  large  sums  of  money,  and  Lost  an 
abundance  of  time  in  Defence  of  the  said  State,  in  consequenc 
of  which  many  of  your  Petitioners  were  imprisoned  and  others 
dispoiled  of  Property  to  a  considerable  amount,  by  the  Vermont- 
ers ;  all  which  facts  were  abundantly  proved  to  your  Excellency 
and  the  Honourable  Legislature  unanimously  Resolved  "that 
they  would  indemnify  and  support  your  Petitioners  and  associates 
in  their  Rights  Liberties  and  Properties,"  recommending  to  them 
at  the  same  time  to  persist  in  supporting  th.e  Interest  of  the 
State  of  New  York  as  will  appear  by  your  Excellencys  letters 
and  Proclamations — That  in  Obedience  thereto  as  well  as  from 
real  Inclination  your  Petitioners  and  their  associates,  at  Great  i 
risque  expence, 'trouble  and  loss  of  time,  continued  to  exert 
themselves  in  Support  of  the  State  of  New  York  until  they  were 
left  totally  abandoned  to  the  fury  of  tlieir  Enemies,  who  again  andl 


'tf,       -^     41 


IE 

nx  '.—Isaac  Crosby ; 

1^ 780  acres ;  James 

imes  Cummins  Jun'. 
lUiot  450a.',  Joshua 
Giles  Roberts,  John 
ih  Parks,  Zeplianiah 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


1021 


ID  HIS  FELLOW 

rov.] 

Governor  of  the  State 
enate  and  Assembly  of 

lalf  of  themselves  and 


pntroversy  which  Sub- 
k  and  the  Frinds  and 
s  and  their  Associates 
,w  York  Supported  the 
only  frequently  risqued 
of  money,  and  Lost  an 
id  State,  in  consequenc 
.  imprisoned  and  others 
mount,  by  the  Vermont- 
)ved  to  your  Excellency 
mously  Resolved  "that 
'etitioners  and  associates 

recommending  to  them 
ting  the  Interest  of  the 
our  Excellencys  letters 
thereto  as  well  as  from 
-their  associates,  at  Great 
irae,  continued  to  exert 
ew  York  until  they  were 
Y,nemies,who  again  and 


again  Imprisoned  maney,an(l  otherwise  Injured  your  Petitioners 
very  materially,  so  that  ratlier  than  be  Deprived  of  their  wliole 
Property  thpy  were  obliged  to  submit  to  tlie  usurpation  of  the 
Government  of  Vermont.  i 

That  while  your  Petitioners  and  their  Associates  were  Strugling 
to  Support  the  Government  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  manner 
before  specified  the  Chiefs  of  Vermont  divided  the  whole  of  the 
wild  Land,  in  that  Country  among  tiiemselves  and  their  Adher- 
ants  to  the  Injury  of  your  Petitioners  most  of  whom  would 
have  obtained  a  considerable  pait  thereof  had  it  not  been  for 
their  uniform  Loyalty  and  Adherence  to  the  State  of  New  York, 

That  the  faith  of  the  Government  of  the  State  of  New  York 
being  pledged  to  your  Petitioners  and  their  Associates  in  manner 
before  suggested,  they  humbly  conceive  themselves  cjearlj 
Entitled  to  a  Compensation  for  their  Losses  and  sufferings  which 
Compensation  if  agreable  to  your  Excelency  and  honours  they 
would  wish  to  receive  by  a  Grant  of  vatent  and  unappropriated 
Lands  within  this  State  of  New  York. 

The  truly  unfortunate  and  critical  Situation  of  Public  affairs 
in  the  Neighbouring  States  and  the  Riots  and  Tumolts  in  other 
quarters  of  the  Countrey  induce  your  Petitioners  sincerely  to 
wish  for  a  Grant  of  Lands  in  the  State  of  New  York,  in  support 
of  whose  Government  they  have  resqued  their  Lives  and  fortunes 
as  long  as  they  possibly  could,  a  Government  whose  Constitution 
they  admire,  and  whose  rulers  they  revere,  from  that  upright 
and  Equel  administration  of  Justice  for  which  the  State  of  New 
York  is  so  Emminently  Conspicuous. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  pray,  that  in  consid- 
eration of  their  Loyalty,  the  Equity  of  their  Case  and  the  Losses 
they  liave  suffered  your  Excellency  and  Honours  would  be  favor- 
ably pleased  to  Grant  to  them  and  their  Associates,  a  Patent  of 
wild  Land  in  Compensation  therefor.    And  they  will  as  in  duty 


,t  ' 


Bound, 


ever  pray. 


ij",. 


Eleazer  Patterson,       » 

Saml.  Knight,  John  Sergeant, 

Benj.  Butterfield,  Josiah  Arms  in  behalf  of 

themselves  and  the  Son  of  Samuel  Minot  deceased  &  their  Asso- 

tiates  mentioned  in  the  List  transmitted. 

Dated  at  Brattleborough  December  ye  12t'>  1786.  ,,,^ 


^  )N 


i 


MM 


OOimtOTUtST  RESPKCTIKfi  THK 


"-r"  f 


ASSOCIATES  NAM£S. 

1  Noah  Sabin  of  Putney  Esq'.  Confined  by  the  Mob  and  ID 

Treated 
S  Bei^amin  Butterfleld  of  Brattleborough  the  same. 
8  John  Sargent  of  ditto  the  same  and  his  Son  exceedhigly 

HI  Treated  by  AUen. 

4  William  Willard  of  Westminster  the  same. 

5  Samuel  Knight  of  Brattleborough  Taken  but  run  away 

firom  the  Mob. 

6  Eleazer  Patterson  Hindsdale  Confined. 

7  John  Norton  Westminister  Supported  New  Torlc. 


do 
do 
do 
do 


lit  -'•  • 


6  Simon  Stevens    Springfield, 
1  O^homas  Sayer    the  same, 
"  10  Josii^h  Arms    Brattleborough, 
"i- 11  Samuel  Minott  Putney, 
^  12  James  Blakslee     *do 

13£radHunt,  do       '  ^ 

14  Thedeus  Ourtis,     do 
'  15  John  Bridgman    Hinsdale  the  mitk. 
'  16  Jonathan  Parker  Jun^.  the  same.  » 

17  David  Tuttle    the  same.  * 

18  John  Jones    the  same. 

^  19  Jonathan  Parker  the  same. 
120  Silas  Whitney  the  sams.  ' 

21  ybnathan  Hunt  the  same.  'I 

22  John  Graham,       do 

23  Silas  Parsons,        do       ' 
"24  Simon  Oloott,        do 

25  John  Jones,  do 

25  David  Poole,  do 

27  Jonathan  Hitchcock  do 
•  The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  petition  of  Eleazer 
Patterson  and  others  praying  for  a  pattent  for  Lands  as  a  com- 
pensation for  losses  sustained  by  their  attachment  to  the  State, 
report — that  in  their  opinion  as  there  are  no  vouchers  to  support 
the  facts  alledged  in  the  said  petition  the  prayer  thereof  ought 
iMt  tu  tie  granted. 


HE        k 


OB 

by  the  Mob  and  ID 

;h  the  same. 

his  Son  exceedingly 

same. 

aken  but  ron  away 

i.  ■'^'•/' 

iNewYorlc. 

do 

do  « 

do  ' 

v>      do 


/ 1  • 


M 


■    :   '■'■1-' 


the  petition  of  Eleazer 
entfor  Landsasacom- 
ttachment  to  the  State, 
e  no  vouchers  to  support 

he  prayer  thereof  ought 


il 


t  c      t 


m' 


^i-^' 


t*»- 


mi. 


>i  ' 


»»^ 


.*    '■'„•» 'J-  T' 


ih"-   •{ 


St-k 


« 1 


,fTA.TJHit>r  MEWr®MK, 


Copiett  front  art  /:n^ravinp  m  f/ic  Stale  J^iirtiri/. •  IZ/f/r^f//  •  I  I 


mW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTi. 


10S3 


SETTLEMENT  OF  THE  VERMONT  DIFFICULTIES. 

«To  fiidUtate  this  business  and  to  get  Vermont  into  tlie 
Union  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of  New  Yorlc  passed  a  law 
in  the  year  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  ninety  appointing 
Commissiners  on  the  part  of  the  State  of  New  Yoik  to  settl*  a 
booodary  Line  with  the  Commissioners  appointed  ou  tlie  part 
of  Vermont. 

That  the  Commissioners  on  both  sides  met  in  the  City  ?f  New 
York  in  the  month  of  October  of  that  year,  when  a  Treaty  was 
entered  into  and  executed  by  the  New  York  Commissioner 
whereby  they  ceded  to  the  state  of  Vermont  all  the  lands 
together  with  the  Islands  in  Lake  Champlaiu  Lying  to  the 
Eastward  of  the  following  bounds  to  witt,  Beginning  at  the 
North  west  corner  of  the  State  af  Massachusetts  thence  westward 
along  the  south  boundary  of  the  township  of  Pownall  to  the 
southwest  corner  thereof  thence  northerly  along  tlie  western 
Inundaries  of  the  Township  of  Pownall  Bennington  Shaftsbury 
Arlington  Sandgate  Rupert  Pawlet  Wells  and  Poultney  as  the 
i^d  Townships  are  now  held  or  possessed  to  the  river  commonly 
Qllled  Poultney  River  thence  down  the  same  through  the  middle 
of  the  deepest  Channel  of  East  Bay  and  the  waters  thereof  to 
where  the  same  communicate  with  Lake  Champlain  thence 
through  the  middle  of  the  deepest  ehannel  of  Lake  Champlain  to 
the  Eastward  of  the  Islands  called  the  Four  Brotherb  h-  <>\  the 
westward  of  the  Islands  called  Grand  Isle  and  Long  Isib  or  the 
two  Heroes  and  to  the  westward  of  the  Isle  La  Motte  to  the  forty 
fifth  degree  of  North  Latitude  in  the  consideratio*.  of  Vermont 
paying  to  the  State  of  New  York  Thirty  Thou?a'  d  dollars  within 
a  lime  therein  limited  which  sum  of  Thirty  thousand  dollars  it 
ii  matter  of  notoriety  bears  no  propoj  J;ion  to  the  value  of  privat^ 
property  so  ceded." — Petition  of  Theophylack  Bache  fy  others. 


< 


^    ■< 


/'  r 


1024 


"  V 


>   .• 


sn* 


!i?r^ 


it 

If 


Wf 


«»• 


ltt,\ 


W" 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE 


DIVISION  OF  THE  $30,000. 


Names  of  the  Claimants,  who  are  entitled  to  compensation 
with  the  sums  (in  the  third  column)  to  which  they  are  reaper 
tively  entitled.    April  23,  1799.  >  >^ 

U^  [Minutes  of  the  Comrs.  on  Vermont  Claimi.] 


Numbers  of  the 
•everal  claims 


Names  of 
Ciaimaats 


'''v><l-=,  0 .  Sums  to  which  each  of  the  ClaiauM 

in  the  2d  column  is  entitled. 


Number    1.  Samuel  Avery       . 
2.  James  Abeel  - 
8.  Goldsbrow  Banyar 
4.  John  Bowles 

Catharine  Bowles    - 
James  Beeckman    - 
William  Banyar 
Thomas  B.  Bridgen 
Samuel  Bard 
Robert  Bowne 


1  > : '  I     <  ' 


♦'V. 


Wh 


n.>( 


Ui'l: 


6. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
0. 
10. 

11.  William  Cockburne        -        . 

12.  Ebenezer  Clark 

13.  James  McCarra 

14.  Alexander  Cruikshank 

C  Cadwallader  Colden,  Thomas  Colden,  Alexander  ^ 

15.  <  Colden  aijd  Josiah    Ogden  Hoffman   surviving  > 
(  Executors  of  Cadwallader  Colden  deceased  ) 

16.  Richard  Carey  and  Ann  his  Wife    - 

17.  Henry  Cruger 

18.  Thomas  Clark        -  * 

19.  Archibald  Campbell 

20.  Archibald  Currie 

21.  William  McDougall 

C  James  Chatham  Duane,  William  North  and  Mary  f 

22.  2  his  Wife,  Sarah  Duane,  Catharine  Livingston  > 
f  Duane  and  Adelia  Duane.  > 

23.  Getardus  Duycking  junior 

24.  John  De  Lancey     - 
26.  Obadiah  Dickenson 

26.  Alexander  McDougall 

27.  George  Eth^rington 

28.  Thomas  Btherington 

29.  James  Farquhar 

80.  Jellis.  A.  Fonda 

81.  John  Galbreath 

82.  James  Guthrie 

83.  William  Giles 

84.  Joseph  Griswold 

85.  John  Goodrich 

36.  Charles  Hutching 

37.  Jonathan  Hunt 

38.  John  Hensdale 

39.  John  Johnston 

40.  Luke  Knowlton 

41.  Peter  Kemble 

42.  Abraham  Lot 
48.  John  Lawrence 
44.  Robert  Lewis  • 
a.  Joel  Lyman    • 


DoUaraCam 

2655     0( 

548     W 

7218     94 

745     2& 

49     91 

72     5fi 

309     42 

162     68 

149  ,  73 

49!  01 

1496     96 

87    43 

24     98 

87    00 

449    }6 

122    92 

149    72 

287    06 

49    91 

9    W 

87    42 

2621    SI 

49    n 

49 

49 

84 

98    1 

74 

99    8 

49    « 

,   99    1 

87    ] 

5    i 

147    7 

199    6 

9 

948 

49 

124    I 

249    1 

199    > 

698 

49 

119 

49 

i 


:.r . 


THE 

"♦ 

),000. 

tied  to  compensation, 
rhich  they  are  respec- 

ims  to  which  each  of  the  C«w«*<« 
inihe  ailcoluinawenuUed. 

DoUaraCenU 

2655  (B 

*,•»                 .          648  1« 

'■       '.        .        7218  94 

"        .        .          745  26 

49  91 

72  56 

809  42 

162  65 

149  ,  72 

4.9  91 

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62.  ){ 


46.  Elijah  Lyman         .    /'  ""'""»' we  emuic 

!A- Catherine  Metcalf  Execiilrf,  *.«.  ■       "       ^'  ^"''"' 

62.  Barbara  Ortley       [        *        '        •        -        .' 
^i'  f'wzar  Porter       .•••.. 

65.  Isaac  Rosevelt    .."••"•. 

66.  Peter  Sim      .  "       •       •       . 

67.  Samuel  Stevens  .'•••.' 
f-  William  Smith  "       *       •       • 
69.  Jacob  Shefflin  .•••-. 
60-  Francis  Stevens  .        "       '       '       - 
61.  Diana  Smith                   "       '       •       . 

6«-  John  Jtf .  Scott       . 

64.  JohnTitts       -.••-.. 

65.  Samuel  Thatcher    .       .       "       ^       -       . 

68.  Brooke  Watson      .        ;        '        ' 

^n   ?';,™'"iWalton      .       ;       '       • 
70.  John  Watts    .  •        ■        . 

"•  William  Walton     ".  "  '  • 

72.  George  Wray          .  '  • 

78.  Staltham  WiUiams  '  "  • 

74.  John  Bard  '  •  - 

75.  John  Plenderleaf    '.  '  ' 

76.  Samuel  Partridge  .'  ."  .  • 

V  Whoever  is  disDo«w.Hf^.-         .  ^'^^'^    "      *      "     2^'<^»«'^ 
^°suU  With  advaX?' ^e  r"^^^^^ 
State  Library.         °^^'  *'^'  '""«^^°?  ^orks.    They  are  in  th! 

A  State  of  the  Right  of  the  Coin 
1 1 ,,;™    ^"k  •»  Appeodb,.  ""'  ^°*  •■  PAM  by  J»hn  Holt, 


m 


'^S 


I-; 


1026 


CONTROVERSY   RESPi£CTIN6  THE 


ij 


iis  >rajtsty's  Gqv.  and  Council  of  the  Government  of  New  Hampshi 

.  •*  And  also,  of  the  Monopolizing  conduct  of  the  Government  of  New  York, 
their  subsequently  patenting  part  of  the  same  land,  and  oppressing  t 
Grantees  and  Settlers  under  New  Hampshire,  Together  with  argumei 
demonstrating  ■  that  the  property  of  those  Lands  was  conveyed  from  t 

»  Grown  to  the  New  Hampshire  Grantees,  by  virtue  of  their  resjKJctive  Chi 
ters;  with  Remarks  on  a  Pamphlet  entitled,  "A  state  of  the  Right  of  t 

'  Colony  of  New  Fork,"  &c.  By  Ethan  Allen,  Bennington  23d  Septemb( 
m'i.    llar^ford,  printed  by  Eben.  Watson,  near  the  Great  Bridge. 

A.  Public  Defence  of  the  right  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  (so  called)  on  bo 
sides  Connecticut  River  to  associate  together,  and  form  themselves  into ; 
Independent  State,  containing  remarks  on  sundry  paragraphs  of  Lctte 
froln  the  President  of  the  Council  of  New  Hampshire,  to  His  Excelleni 
Governor  Chittenden,  and  the  New  Hampshire  Delegates  at  Congre: 
Dresden:  printed  by  Alden  Spooner,  1779. 

A  Concise  Refutation  of  the  Claims  of  New  HampsTiire  and  Massachnsotts  Bi 
to  the  Territory  of  Vermont;  with  Occasional  Remarks  on  the  long  disput( 
claim  of  New  York  to  the  same.  "Written  by  Ethan  Allen  and  Joras  Fi 
Esqrs.  and  published  by  Order  of  the  Governor  and  Council  of  Vermon 
Bennington,  the  first  day  of  Jannary,  1780.  Hartfoid,  printed  by  Hudsc 
and  Goodwin.  •  •      *  •  . 

Tho  Present  State  of  the  Controversy  between  the  States  of  New  York  andNe 
Uumpshire  on  the  one  part,  and  the  State  of  Vermont  on  the  other.  Ear 
ford :  printed  by  Hudson  k  Goodwin,  1782. 

A'ermont  State  Papers,  Records  and  Documents  relative  to  the  Assumption  ai 
Establishment  of  a  Government  by  the  People  of  Vermont ;  the  Journal  ( 
the  Council  of  Safety ;  the  first  Constitution  &c.  compiled  by  William  Slad 
Secretary  of  State.    Middlebury,  1823; 

Also  ; 

The  Evidence  and  arguments  in  support  of  the  Territorial  rights  and  Jurisdictl 
of  the  3tate  of  New  York  against  New  Hampshire  as  a  Government;  agaii 
the  Claimants  under  it  j  both  in  respect  to  the  right  of  Soil  and 
!'idependent  Jurisdiction ;  and  against  tLe  Claims  of  the  Commonwealth 
Massachusetts ;  stated  by  James  Duane,  one  of  the  Agents  and  Comm 
.«,ioners  appointed  by  acts  of  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of  New  York 
manage  those  important  controversies. 
[This  is  a  MS.    vol.  of  ILS  ip.    It  is  to  be  found  in  the  Library  of  the 

York  Historical  Society.] 

Memoirs  of  Thomas  Chittenden,  first  Governor  of  Vermont,  with  a  history 
the  constitution  during  his  administration.    By  Daniel  Chipman,  1849. 

Memoirs  of  Seth  Warner,   By  the  same.    Also  the  several  Histories  of 
York,  New  Hampshire  and  Vermont.  !         ' .    • 


Note. — All  the  Documents  regarding  the  controversy 
New  Hampshire  and  Vermont  published  in  this  Vol.  are  fr 
the  Records  and  MSS.  in  the  Secretary  of  State's  office,  Alba 
N.  Y.,  except  when  otherwise  noted. 


.tnent  of  New  Ha«P»J^". 

,  land,  and  oppressing  the 
Together  v^ith  argument. 
U  'as  conveyed  from  tb, 
ue  of  their  resiKictive  Char, 
r  state  of  the  Bight  of  the 
Bennington  23d  September. 

w  the  Great  Bridge. 

te  Grants  (80  called)  on  both 

and  form  themseivesntoan 

S^^Cte^atCongre. 

psMre  and  Massachusetts  Ba, 
rKUusontheionsd^P^^ 

^  ^nt^cf  of Xlt 

x:;:^d^:rnted ..  n...^ 

.    <;if^tesofl«ewYorkandl5ew 
ho  Stales  ui  ^  „  ». 

.fVevmont  on  the  other.    Hart 

.      t«  the  Assumption  aci 
prelativetotheA        v 

^^^^'''Td  by  William  Slade. 
be.  compiled  oy 

.  ,    --wA  and  Jurisdiction 

I  ♦    with  a  history  of 

LofVermont^^ith 


y^i^-, 


.   r 


ADDENDA. 


*■  ■ 


[^9  are  indebted  to  James  H.  Phelps,  Esq.,  of  Wert  Townshend,  Vt.,  for 
the  following  documents,  which  came  to  hand  too  late  to  be  inserted  m  their 
proper  Older.— Ed.]      ^,.      , 


'<,  ■«•■  ■'  •■)"i  ■} .i:'  r   t 


't  '  i.>'.i'» 


PETITION' OF  SAM*L  ROBINSON  &  OTHERS  TO  THE  KING, 

MEFERRED  TO  IN  LORD  SHELBURNe's  DESPATCH  OF  llth  APRIL,  1767, 

To  the  KING'S  Most  Excellent  MAJESTY. 

The  Humble  Petition  of  the  several  Subscribers  hereto,  Your 
Majesty's  Most  Loyal  Subjects,  Sheweth  to  Your  Majesty ; 

That  We  obtained  at  considerable  Expence  of  Your  Majesty's 
Governor  of  the  Proviuce  of  New  Hampshire,  Grants  and  Patents 
for  more  than  One  Hundred  Townships  in  the  Western  Parts 
of  the  said  supposed  Province ;  and  being  about  to  settle  the 
sanje,  many  of  Us,  and  others  of  Us,  having  actually  planted 
Ourselves  on  the  same,  were  disagreeably  surprised  and  prevented 
from  going  on  with  the  further  intended  Settlements,  by  the 
News  of  its  having  been  determined  by  Your  Majesty  in  Council, 
That  those  Lands  were  within  the  Province  of  New  York  j  and 
by  a  Proclamation  issued  by  Lieutenant  Governor  Colden,  in 
Consequence  thereof  forbidding  any  further  Settlement  until 
Patents  of  Confirmation  should  be  obtained  from  the  Governot^ 
of  New  York.  Whereupon  We  applied  to  the  Governor  of  said  * 
Province  of  New  York,  to  have  the  same  Lauds  confirmed  to 
Us  in  the  same  Manner  as  they  had  been  at  first  granted  to  Us 

the  Governor  of  the  said  Province  of  New  Hampshire ;  when, 
to  Our  utter  Astonishment,  We  found  the  same  could  not  be 

ne,  without  our  paying  as  Fees  of  Office  for  the  same,  at  the 
1  Rate  of  Twenty  Five  Pounds,  New  York  Money,  equal  to  about 
Fourteen  Pounds  Sterling}  for  every  Thousand  Acres  of  said 


Mh^' 


^^j 


w. 


,-i  \ 


^ 


1028 


OOMTROYERSY   RCSPCCTING  THS 


s    >» 


Lands,  amounting  to  about  Three  Hundred  and  Thirty  Pound 
Sterling  at  a  Medium,  for  each  of  said  Townships,  and  whic 
will  amount  in  the  Whole  to  about  X33,000  Sterling,  besides 
Quit-rent  of  Two  Shillings  and  Six  Fence  Sterling,  for  ever 
Hundred  Acres  of  said  Lands ;  and  which  being  utterly  unabl 
to  do  and  perform.  We  find  ourselves  reduced  to  the  sad  Nece! 
sity  of  losing  all  our  past  GXp^tA^  and  Advancements;  am 
many  of  Us  of  being  reduced  to  absolute  Poverty  and  Wanl 
having  expended  Our  All  in  making  said  Settlements. 

Whereupon  Your  Petitioners  beg  LeaYe  most  Humbly  t 
observe, 

1.  That  when  We  app]|ied  tor  and  obtained  said  Grants  of  sai( 
Lands,  the  same  were  and  had  been  at  all  Times  fully  understooc 
and  reputed  to  lie  and  be  within  the  Said  Province  of  Ne;i 
Hampshire,  and  well  within  the  power  of  the  Governor  of  thai 
Province  to  grant ;  So  that  Your  Petitioners  humbly  liope  thej 
are  equitably  entitled  to  a  Confirmation  of  the  said  Grants  k 
them. 

2.  The  said  Grants  were  made  and  received  on  the  moderate 
Terms  of  your  Petitioners  paying  as  a  Quit-Rent  One  Shilling 
only^  Proclamation  Money,  equal  to  Nine  Pence  Sterling  pel 
Hundred  Acres ;  and  which  induced  Us  to  undertake  to  settlj 
said  Townships  througliout,  and  thereby  to  form  a  full  anj 
compacted  Country  of  People,  whereas  the  imposing  the  sail 
Two  ShiUings  and  Six  Pence  Sterling  per  Hundred  Acres,  wif 
occasion  all  the  more  rough  and  unprofitable  parts  of  said  Lan(j 
not  to  be  taken  up ;  but  pitches,  and  tlie  more  valuable  pare 
only  to  be  laid  out,  to  the  utter  preventing  the  full  and  prop 
Settlement  of  said  Country,  and  in  the  Whole  to  the  lesseDi| 
your  Majesty's  Revenue, 

3.  Your  humble  Petitioners  conceive,  that  the  insisting  to  ha 
large  and  very  exorbitant  Fees  of  Office  to  arise  and  be  corapuj 
upon  every  Thousand  Acres  in  every  Township  of  Six  or  perhj 
more  Miles  square,  and  that  when  one  patent,  one  Seal,  and 
Step  only  of  every  Kind,  toward  the  completing  such  patd 
of  Confirmation  respectively,  is  necessary,  is  without  all  rea^ 
able  and  equitable  Foundation,  and  must  and  will  necessd 
terminate  in  the  totally  preventing  your  Petitioners  obtaii 


THE 

Bd  and  Thirty  Pounds 
Townships,  and  which 

000  SterUag,  besides  a 
ice  Sterling,  for  every 
h  being  utterly  unable 
^uced  to  the  sad  Neces- 
id  Advancements;  and 
rte  Poverty  and  Want, 

1  Settlements, 
^ve  most  Humbly  to 

ained  said  Grants  of  said 
11  Times  fully  understood 
B  said  Province  of  New 
r  of  the  Governor  of  that 
ioners  humbly  hope  they 
on  of  the  said  Grants  to 

received  on  the  moderate 

a  Quit-Rent  One  Shilling 

Nine  Pence  Sterling  pet 

Us  to  undertake  to  settle 

ereby  to  term  a  full  and 

jas  the  imposing  the  said 

I  per  Hundred  Acres,  wiU 

ofitable  parts  of  said  Unds 

the  more  valuable  parcels 

venting  the  full  and  proper 

the  Whole  to  the  lessening 

,ve,  that  the  insisting  to  have 
ce  to  arise  and  be  computed 
Township  of  Six  or  peijiaps 
„e  patent,  one  Seal,  and  one 

he  completing  such  patents 
.ssary,  is  without  all  reasoj- 
d  must  and  will  necessarily 
your  PetiUoners  obtaining 


KSW  HAMMRIRB  SUkim. 


losd 


Ihe  said  Lands,  and  so  the  same  will  fkll  into  the  Hands  of  the 
Bioh,  to  be  taken  up,  the  more  valuable  parts  only  as  aforesaid, 
and  those  perhaps  not  entered  upon  and  settled  for  many  years 
to  come ;  while  your  petitioners  with  their  numerous  and  help- 
less Families,  will  be  obliged  to  wander  far  and  .,ide  to  find 
where  to  jilaiit  themselves  down,  so  as  to  be  able  to  live. 

Whereupon  your  petitioners  niost  humbly  and  earnestly  pray, 
that  your  Majesty  will  be  graciously  pleased  to  take  their  dis- 
tressed State  and  Condition  into  your  Royal  Consideration,  and 
order  that  We  have  onr  Lands  confirmed  to  Us,  on  such  reason- 
able Term8,and  in  such  Way  and  Manner,  as  your  Majesty  shall 
think  fit.  Further,  We  beg  Leave  to  say,  that  if  it  might  be 
consistent  with  your  Majesty's  Royal  pleasure.  We  shall  esteem 
it  a  very  great  Favour  and  happiness,  to  have  said  Townships 
put  and  continued'  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  government 
of  the  said  province  of  New-Hampshire,  as  at  the  first,  as  every 
Emolument  and  Convraience  both  publick  and  private,  are  in 
Your  Petitioners  humble  Opinion,  clearly  and  strongly  on  the 
side  of  such  Conneetion  with  said  New-Hampshire  Province. 
All  which  Favours  or  such  and  so  many  of  them  as  to  Your 
Majesty  shall  seem  meet  to  grant,  We  humbly  ask  j  or  that  Your 
Majesty  will  in  some  other  Way  grant  Relief  to  Your  petitioners  j 
and  they,  as  in  Duty  bound,  shall  ever  pray. 

Dated  in  New-England,  November,  1766.  And  in  the  Seventh 
Year  of  His  Majesty's  Reign. 

Ebenezer  Cole,8ara'l  Waters,  Freegift  Cole,  Parker  Cole,  Mills 
Sly,  Peleg  Spencer,  Jacob  Marsh,  Machir  Martin, Ichabod  West  Jr, 
Ichabod  West,  Rnfoss  Baker,  Matthias  Cole,  Isiah  Carpeuder, 
Ichabod  Cross,  Jestins  Olin,  John  Burnum,  George  Pengrae, 
Abiatlter  Waldo,  David  Blakelee,  Zerubbabel  Waterson,  Johja 
Trunible,  Edward  Fitslmmons,  Moses  Robinson,  Ebenezer  Wood, 
Nathan  Clai*,  Jncoh  Hide,  Jonathan  Eastman,  Henry  Walbridg, 
Jedediah  Merrill,  John  Fasset  Jur,  Joseph  Wilkes  Jur,  Joseph 
Reade,  Jonatlian  Scoift  Jt-,  Joslah  Fuller,  Lebbeus  Armstrong, 
Timothy  Pratt,  Joseph  Willoughby,  Elijah  Story,  Elisha  Field, 
Jonathan  Fassett,  Simeon  Harrison,  Joseph  Richardson,  Sam'l 
Pratt,  Beiij'a  Whipple,  &inmel  Saffi)rd,  Silas  Pratt,  Henry  VVal- 
bridgeJr,James  Breakenridge,  Tliomas  Smith,  Joseph  Robinson, 


f 


?  ■ 


m'f^i 


i  ♦. 


^w" 


1030 


OOMTEOTKIUiy   MUPECTIlfO  THl 


Gideon  Spencer,  John  Smith,  Samuel  Atwood,  Nathaniel  Holmes, 
Nathaniel  Holmes  Jr,  Sam'l  Hunt,  Nath'l  Spencer,  Sam'l  Tubs, 
Daniel  Mills,  Israel  Hurd,  Jonathan  Carpenter,  NaUimu  Clarlc  Jr, 
Benjamin  Ck)vey,  John  Covey,  Joseph  Barber,  Jot»eph  Smith, 
Joseph  B  irber,  NathU  Dickinson  JIf  D.  Saih'l  Robinson  Jr,  Silas 
Robinson,  Daniel  Scott,  Zephaniah  Holmes,  Tho's  Henderson, 
Elnathan  Hubbel,  Ellcanah  Ashley,  Cornelius  Cady,  Leebih 
Harwood,  Lenard  liobinson,  Beni^ah  Story,  John  Smith  Jr,  Petre 
Harwood,  Robert  Cochren  Se\  Robert  Cochren  /r,  Benajah 
Reade,  Jonathan  Scott,  Ebenezer  Robinson,  Stephen  Fay,  Samuel 
Cutler,  Sam'l  Scott,  BenJ'a  Warner,  Daniel  Warner,  Seth  Warner, 
Weight  Hopkins,  Stephen  Hopkins,  Seth  Hudson,  Direck  Smith, 
Asa  Alger,  Michel  Duning,  Isaac  Van  Arnum,  David  Perigo, 
Timotliy  Orover,  Enos  Grover,  Fetter  Payn,  Luke  Van  Arnum, 
Caleb  Raynolds,  Peeter  Robards,  Isaac  Whaley,  Theophtls 
Whaley,  Charls  Wright,  Elijah  Woolcutt,  Abraham  Bass,  Noah 
Pratt,  Lorance  Cry,  Woolrood  Kriger,  Crispen  Ball,  Andrew 
Burns,  Francis  Burns,  Matthew  Ford,  Peter  Fursbury,  David 
Carey,  Paul  Gardner,  Mathew  Randal,  Elisha  Card,  Benj'm 
Briges,  Benj'm  Renorlds,  Daniel  Perce,  George  Baker,  Ephriam 
Mall^ry,  George  Gardner,  Benoni  Permentor,  William  Hayward, 
Andrew  Al(;er,  Benj'm  Gardner,  Boaz  Brookens,  Philip  Brook* 
ens,  David  Mallery,  Elezer  Marsh,  Witherly  Wittam,  Ely 
Nobels,  Daniel  Luce,  George  Hicks,  Edward  Hicks,  Silas  Pratt, 
Samuel  Anderson,  Benj'm  Anderson,  Benj'm  Grover,  George 
Mitcliel,  Dan  Howlet,  Ephriam  Burlinggame,  Moses  Omsted, 
Ebenezer  Wright,  Levi  West,  Elisha  Noble,  Amos  Leacli,  Oba- 
diah  Noble,  Mosf  s  Corbin,  Isaac  Lawrence,  John  Fasset,  John 
Warner,  James  Archer,  John  Van  Arnum,  Abraham  J.  Lanson, , 
John  Dafoo,  John  George  Kriger,  Jonathan  Card,  Joseph  Williams, 
Oeoi^e  Gardner  Jr,  J&mes  Fuller,  Jonathan  Wright,  Joseph 
Gallop,  Jeremiah  Gardner,  Josiah  Nobels,  James  Curtis,  James 
Perigo,  John  Blakley,  Joseph  Miller,  James  Draper,  Samuelj 
Waters  Jr,  Joshua  Raynolds,  Sam  Brown  Junr. 


f  Sim  '        V     *  '  - .      '     k      '  * 

\  » *  t'»  "•  .  ^  It 


t , 


En 


I,  Nathaniel  Holmes, 
Ipencer,  SamH  Tubs, 
;er,Nftiiiftw  Clark  Jf, 
rber,  Joeeph  Smith, 
I'l  Robinson  Jr^  Sllw 
58,  Tho's  Henderson, 
aellus  Cady,  Leehlh 
,  John  Smith  Jr,  Petre 

Cochren  /r,  Ben«^ah 
,  Stephen  Fay,  Samuel 
Warner,  Seth  Warner, 
Hudson,  Dlreck  Smith, 
l^rnum,  David  Perigo, 
.yn,  Luke  Van  Arnum, 
tc  Whaley,  Theophtls 
;,  Abraham  Bass,  Noah 
Crlspen  Ball,  Andrew 
Peter  Fursbury,  David 
,  EUsha  Card,  Benj'm 
Seorge  Baker,  Ephriam 
ator,  William  Hayward, 
Brookens,  Philip  Brook- 
■  Wltherly  Wlttam,  Ely 
Lard  Hicks,  Silas  Pratt, 
Benj'm  Grover,  George 
nggame,  Moses  Omsted, 
[oble,Arao8  Leach,  Oba- 
fence,  John  Fa8set,John 
im,  Abraham  J.  Lanson, 
\n  Card,  Joseph  Williams, 
,nathan  Wright,  Joseph 
,els,  James  Curtis,  James 
James  Draper,  Samuel 
rn  Junr. 


VEW  BAMP8BIRB  OaAMTI.  1081 


POWER  OF  ATTORNEY. 

We  the  Subscribers  Proprietors  and  claimants  in  and  of 
sundry  Townships,  lately  granted  by  Governor  Wentwobth,  in 
the  Western  Parts  of  the  then  supposed  Province  of  J^ew-Hamp- 
«AtVe,  do  hereby  fully  impower  Our  trusty  Friends  and  fellow 
Partners  in  those  Interests,  Samuel  RohinsoUf  Esq ;  Ebmezer 
CoUj  Jeremiah  French^  Benjamin  Ferris^  Samuel  Hungerford 
Ebenezer  Fisk^Jokn  Brooks,  John  Sherrer,  Samuel  Keep,  Partridge 
Thatch^,  Abraham  Thompson,  Edward  Burlv  Benjamin  Towns- 
end,  Tunis  Wfyrtman,  Peter  Clapper,  John  b.  mg,  Joseph  Hallet, 
T/umtas  Hicks,  Esq;  and  David  Matthews,  Esq;  for  Us  and  in 
Our  behalf  and  stead,  to  take  and  pursue  all  and  every  needful 
and  proper  measure  and  step,  by  application  to  His  Majesty  or 
otherwise,  to  obtain  a  full  confirmation  to  Us  of  said  lands, 
on  such  reasonable  Terms  as  May  be ;  hereby  granting  to  them 
and  to  any  and  every  three  or  more  of  them,  full  Power  of 
Substitution.  Witness  our  Hands,  In  J^ew-England,  Jfovembvr, 
1766. 

Sam'l  Waters  Freeglft  Cole  Jacob  Marsh  Ichabod  West  Jr 
Rufuss  Baker  Isiah  Carpenter  David  Blacklee  Ichabod  Cross 
George  pengra  John  Burnum  Sam'l  Wortors  Isaac  Lawrence 
Dan'l  Howlit  Jestiiis  Oliii  Jediah  Dewey  Ichabod  West  Stephen  Fay 
peleg  Spencer  Abiather  Waldo  Isaac  Serls  Sam'l  Adams  John 
Burnham  Jr  Machir  Martin  Mattliias  Cobb  Mills  Sly  Sam'l  Waters 
Samuel  Waters  Jur  Moses  Robinson  Ebenezer  Wood  Jacob  Hide 
Nathan  Clark  Henry  Walbridge  Jonatlian  Eastman  John  Fasse|  Jur 
Joseph  Wilkes  Jur  Jedediah  Merrill  Lebbens  Armstrong  Timothy 
Pratt  Joseph  Rude  Jonathan  Scott  Josiah  Fuller  Joseph  Wfl- 
loughby  Silas  Pratt  Jonatlum  Fasset  Elijah  Story  Elisha  Field 
Simeon  Harrison  Joseph  Richardson  Sam'l  Pratt  Benj'a  Whipple 
Samuel  Safford  Henry  Walbridge  Jr  Thomas  Smith  James Breaken- 
riilge  Joseph  Robinson  Gideon  Spencer  Samuel  Atwood  Jolin 
Smith  Nathaniel  Holmes  Sam'l  Hunt  Nath'l  Spencer  Israel  Hurd 
Daniel  Mills,  Sam'l  Tubs  Benjamin  Covey  Nath'l  Dickinson  M  D 
Daniel  Scott  Silas  Robinson  Zephaniah  Hchnes  Tho's  Henderson 
Elnathan  Hubble  Elkanah  Ashley    Lenard  Robinson  Zech'li 


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33  west  MAIN  STRUT 

WMSTIR.NY    14SS0 

(716)  173-4303 


6^ 


'^2 


Vt 


Harwood  fienajah  Stoiy  Nathaniel  Holmes  Jr  John  Covey  Nathan 
Clark  Jr  Jonathan  Cwcpentnr  Joaeph  Smtthi  Joseph  Barber  Sam'j 
Robinson  Jr  John  Smith  Jr  Petre  Harwood  Benajah  Reede 
RoImm  G!b«ht«ii  ^r  Robert  Cbchren  Jr  Ebenezer  Robinson 
Stephen  Fiy  Sbmtiel  Cutler  B«nJ'4  'Warnef  Daniel  Warnei 
8Hh  WarBel' W«tgfht  HbpkiM  Stephen  Hbpkins  Direck  Smith 
AmA^is^  Mlehsi^Dnnifig  Umim;  Van  Arnum  Seth  Hudson  Datid 
P^i^  Timothy  C^rer  Ehos  Grover  Potter  Pdyn  Lake  Van 
AUtttUD  CM^b  RaynoIds'POeter  Robards  Isaac  Whaley  Theophels 
Whiil^y  Charts  Wright  Elijah  TTooleutt  Abraham  Bass  Noah 
Pltttl  LonMee  Cry  IToolrood  Kriger.Crlspen  Ball  Andrew  Burns 
franois  Burns  Muttfaevr  rord  Peter  Fursbury  David  Carey  Paul 
G^hOrMatthevr  RaynoMs  Elisha  Card  Benj'm  Brigs  BenJ'm 
IVMbTlds  D&ttid  Perce  George  Baker  Ephriam  Mallery  George 
Gaich^  Benoni  Permentor  MUiam  Hayward  Andrew  Alger 
Bo&J%  Gardner  Boaz  Brookens  Philip  Brookeng  David  Malleiy 
!9i^r  Marsh  Hltherly  fFittam  Ely  Nobels  Daniel  Luce  George 
Hicks  Edward  Hicks  Silas  Pratt  Samuel  Anderson  Benj'm 
Attdorson  Bonj^m  Grover  George  Mitchel  Jonathan  Scott  John 
Fasset  John  Warner  James  Archer  John  Van  Arnum  Abraham 
J  Lianson  John  Da^  John  George  Kriger  Jonathan  Card  Joseph 
Williams  George  Gardner  Jr  James  Puller  Jonathan  Wright 
Jbseph  Gallop  Jeremiah  Gardner  Josiah  Nobels  John  Wilson 
James  Curtis  James  Perigo  Samuel  Robinson  of  Bennington, 
Ebenezer  Cole  of  Shaftsbury,  Jeremiah  French  of  Dover  BenjaJ 
min  Ferris  of  Oblong,  Samuel  Hungerford  of  New  Fairfield) 
Ebenezer  Fisk  of  Farmington,  in  the  County  of  Hartford,  Johr 
Brooks  of  Stratford,  John  Sherrar  of  Fishkill,  Samuel  Keep  cj 
Salisbury,  in  Litchfield  county.  Partridge  Thatcher  of  Nev 
Milford,  Abraham  Thompson  of  New  Haven,  in  Connecticnj 
Edward  Burling  of  Long-Reach,  Benjamin  Townsend  of  Jerichl 
Long  Island,  Tennis  Wortman  of  Oyster-Bay,  Peter  Clappef 
Thomas  Hicks,  John  Burling,  Joseph  Hallet,  &  David  Matbev 
of  New  York. 


,;.r 


KIW  KAUFSBlKt  6BAim»r 


1098 


ORGANIZING  THE  COURT  OF  GLOCESTER  COUNTY. 
Kiogsland,  Glocester  Couatf, 

PtoviBoe  of  Neir  York^  Uaijfl9%  1770. 
The  Court  met  for  the  first  time,  and  the  ordinance  i^na 
OomitioDS  Being  Readi 

JohnTapHn        Httdgesbetng  appointed  by  the 
Samuel  Sleeper    \     Government  of  New  Yoik 
Th6»a8  Sumner  )'    were  pwaetrt, 
and  the  Courts  opened  as  is  usual  in  other  Courts,  also  present 
James  Pennoc^  )  • 

Abner  Fowler  >  Justices  of  the  Quoram 
John  Felon:      )t 

John  Taplin  J',  Sheriff 

The  Court  adjourned  to  the  Last  Tuesday  in  August  next  to 

be  Held  in  said  Kingsland. 

Opened  accordingly  and  appointed  fomr.l^nstables. 
Simeon  Stevens  for  Newbury 

Jesse  McFarland  for  Moretown  # 

Abner  Howard  for  "thetford  and' 

Samuel  Pennock  fur  StrafiEbrd— 

And  adjourned  to  the:  last  Tuesday  in  Nov. 

Nov.  2f .    Court  opened  at  Kingsland,  called  over  the  docket 

of  8  causes  only,  put  over  and  dismissed  them  and 

appointed 'EbenezeiT  Green  Constable  for  Tlietfii>id 

Samuel  Pennock 


A. 


lA 


Surveyors  for  the  County 


."'ji 


-   Ebenezer  Martin 
Ebenezer  Green  and 
James  Allen 

iDd  adjourned  to  Feb.  next — ^last  TViesday. 

Feb.  25  I  ^^  ^^^^  ^^^  Moretown  fur  Kings  Land,  travelled 
1771.  I  until  knight  tiliere  Being  No  Road,  and  the  Snow  very 
Depe,  we  travelled  on  Snow  Slices  or  Raeats,  on  the 
26^  we  travelled  same  wa-ys  and  Held  a  Council  wheB 
it  was  Concluded  it  was  Best  to  open  the  Court  as  we 
Saw  No  Line  it  was  not  whetlier  in  Kingsland  or  Not 

: -!  But  we  concluded  we  were  farr  in  the  woods  we  Did 

not  Expect  to  See  any  House  unless  we  marched  three 
miles  within  Kingsland  and  No  one  lived  titere  whM 
the  Court  was  ordered  to  be  opened  «ii  the  Spot 


i  ^ 


■'11 
i" 


i 


II 


«  »} 


1 


1034 


OOXTBOTKIUIT  RKBPECTINO  THS 


Present   John  Taplin  Judge 

John  Peten  of  the  Quoram 
John  Taplin  J'  Sheriff 
all  Causes  Continued  or  acyoumed  over  to  Next  term 

The  Court  if  one  adjourned  over  untUl  the  Last  Tuesday  io 
may  next  at  whichit  was  opened  and  after  disposing  of  one  case  of 
bastardy,  adjourned  to  August  next.  John  Peters  Clerk. 

N.  B.    thwe  CoarUwewUw  CcarU  of  QBMteiiy  BtaSaaB,  taA  tlw  OouiU  of  Comaoa 
PlMiof  nidOoanty. 


I'      t 


I 


CENSUS  OF  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY,  1771. 

ABSTRACT. 

J"  ih  11  P  ll  -2-^^  1  II 

Andorer   •    • 
Bromley    •    • 

Kent,    ...4  01  8  6  286 

Brsttleborough    108  10?  8  110  79  1        403  75 

Chester       -    .      88  86  4  46  80  162  30 

Cumberland    -8.4  84  14  4 

Fulham       .    .     64  64  8  87  40  1                  189  44 

Guilford     .    •    124  92  6  116  94  8         2       436  75 

Halifax       .    .    100  88  4  74  68  829  65 

Bartford     .    .     46  48  66  40  190  13 

Hertford     .    .     48  81  1  85  28  1       144  2£ 

Hioadale     ..      28  28  6  16  80  •                 107  K 

Harlborough  .6  24  1  6  12   .     1  60  2! 

Mewfane     ■    •      12  14  14  11  52  { 

Norwich      .    .      63  66  89  48  206  4( 

PomlVet     .    ■      18  14  4  6  1         1         89  ( 

Putney  ...      94  74  4  60  69  801  6 

Bockingbam   -      48  62  4  62  67  1         1       226  6 

Sharon,      .    .     17  19  1  14  17  68  1 

Springfield;     .48  80  1  86  81  141  2 

Tornisbend,    .88  40  1  85  26  1        136  2 

WeatherBfleld         2  8  6  4  20 

Westminster   .    136  107  8  110  117  ,    478  7 

Wilmington     .16  19  6  17  14  71  1 

Windsor     .    .      60  67  S  46  46  .         1        203  S 

Woodstock      .       9  18  10  10  42  1 

S6  Towns.         '  — —  —  — —  —    —    ^—     —■ 

Hales  under  16          .  -  .  .  •  -  -           •           ■  ^^ 

"    between  16  and  60       .  .  .  •  •  •          •  1"* 

"    60  and  upwards  .  •  •  •  •          •          •  J 

Females  unper  16     •  .  •  .  •  •          •          •  * 

"      aboro  16 » 

Black  Males     .         .  ... 

"     Femalm          .  .  -•  •  •  •          • 

Peadi  of  Familiflfl,    .  .  -  *  *  *          ' 

ToUl  .  '  .  •  .  •          •  *»" 


THB 


I  ^'m 


J  Next  term 
I  the  Last  Tuesday  in 
disposing  of  one  case  of 
John  Peters  Clerk. 

0B,,  uA  tht  Oowtt  of  ComiBM 


30TJNTY,  1771. 

...'          -^t^ 

'^      1     1 

1      3  X 

'  "Bi 

i  ii 

•               BLACK* 

ft      nc 

A 

28         6 

7a                   1 

403        75 

79                   * 
80 

162        80 
14         4 

94         8         2 
68 

189        44 

436        75 
829        55 

190        13 

40                   , 
28                   1 

144        25 
107        W 

80 

12   .     1 

50       Ii 
52         8 

11 

1     1     1 

206        40 

89         6 

801        Bl 

S    1    » 

225        50 
68        12 

17 

141        27 

81                   , 

26                   1 

136        25 
20         4 

4 
117 

V    «8        77 

46                  1 

208        86 
42        W 

10             

.    1080 

- 

1038 

•          * 

' 

60 

. 

* 

949 

•           * 

• 

887 

i.:-,    '          • 

• 

7 

•                             * 

• 

8 

•                             * 

• 

.     744 

XV. 

MEMOIR 


OF   THX 


Hon.  JAMES  De  LANCEY, 


LIEUTENANT  GOVERNOR 


OF  THB 


PKOVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 


BT 


Edward  F.  De  Lancet. 


I 

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4,024 


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MEMOIR 

Off    1HS  ■         '     , 

*"  HONOmiABLE  JAMES  DE  lANCEY  ^^ 

LOnn^NL^LNT-GOYEBNOB  OF  XHS  PBOYINCS  OF  VBW  I€StK  T 


I 
t 


/lAl  .^'*W 


'  M 1 


>UV()Hn 


This  distinguished  man  was  the  oldest  son  of  Etienne  or 
Stephen  De  Lancey  a  French  Huguenot  gentleman  of  the  City  of 
Caen  in  Normandy,  who ,  driven  from  France  by  the' persecution 
of  1681,  fled  with  numbers  of  his  countrymen  to  the  new  world. 
He  belonged  to  an  ancient  family  in  Picardy,  and  on  being 
obliged  to  fly  from  France,  on  account  of  the  religious  persecu- 
tion which  disgraced  those  days,  he  went  first  to  Rotterdam  in 
Holland,  and  after  remaining  in  that  hospitable  land  for  two  or 
three  years  crossed  over  to  England.  There  on  the  ll^b  of 
March  1686,  he  took  out  letters  patent  of  denization  under  the 
great  seal,  and  shortly  afterwards  sailed  for  New  York,  where  be 
arrived  on  the  seventh  of  the  following  June  >.  Z- 

On  the  23<i  of  January  1700  he  married  Anne  second  daughter 
of  the  Hon.  Stephanus  Van  Cortlandt,  an  opulent  and  highly 
respectable  citizen  of  New  York,  of  which  marriage  was  issue 
James  De  Lancey,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  who  was  born  in 
New  York  city  in  170:2,  and  was  the  eldest  of  seven  children ; 
five  sons  and  two  daughters.  His  eldest  sister,  Susannah,  became 
the  wife  of  Capt.  afterwards  Vice  Admiral  Sir  Peter  Warren  KB. 
Anne,  the  youngest,  married  the  Hon.  John  Watts  of  New  York 
Of  his  brothers,  two,  Stephen  and  John,  died  unmarried  in  early 
manhood ;  the  other  two,  Peter  and  Oliver,  became  men  of  note 


li 


1  lf.r.im.fmt.I,fU. 


1088 


MBIOIE  or  TBS 


'If 


in  fhe  colony.  The  fonner  resided  at  the  borough  of  West 
Chester  which  he  represented  for  years  in  the  Assembly ;  Oliver, 
the  youngest  of  the  brothers,  was  most  of  his  life  Commander 
of  the  forces  of  the  colony,  was  also  a  member  of  the  Assembly 
and  of  the  Council,  Receiver-General  of  New  Tork,  and  the 
senior  Loyalist  Brigadier-General  in  commission  in  the  war  of 
the  Revolution. 

After  having  attended  the  best  schools  the  Colony  then  afforded, 
James  De  Lancey  was  sent  to  England  to  prosecute  his  studies, 
and  entered  as  a  Fellow-Commoner  of  Corpus  Christi  college  in 
the  University  of  Cambridge,  on  the  second  of  October,  1721.* 
The  Master  of  Corpus  at  that  time  was  Dr.  Samuel  Bradford, 
afterwards  bishop  of  Carlisle,  and  next  of  Rochester.  And 
the  gentleman  whom  young  De  Lancey  chose  as  his  Tutor,  was 
the  learned  Dr.  Thomas  Herring,  who  became  successively 
Bishop  of  Bangor,  Archbishop  of  York,  and  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury. 

This  choice  proved  afterwards  of  great  advantage  to  James 
De  Lancey,  for  the  master  and  pupil  kept  up  their  intimacy  by 
letter  long  after  the  one  became  primate  of  all  England  the  other 
was  in  office  in  his  native  land ;  and  in  the  various  political 
controversies  in  which  the  latter  became  afterwards  engaged, 
the  archbishop's  influence  was  always  exerted  in  his  behalf  in 
the  councils  of  their  Sovereign.  How  long  Mr.  De  Lancey 
rraialned  at  the  University  is  uncertain,  as  he  entered  at  an 
advanced  period  and  not  at  the  beginning  of  the  academic  course. 
Towards  the  close  of  1725,he  returned  to  New  Tork.'  Admittted, 
soon  after  his  arrival,  to  the  bar,  he  commenced  the  practice  of 
his  profession  in  his  native  cify,  and  soon  rose  to  that  eminence 
to  which  his  great  natural  abilities  and  sound  and  cultivated 
Judgment  entitled  him.  He  was  early  distinguished  for  the 
active  and  responsible  part  which  he  took  in  political  aflairs. 
Three  years  after  his  return.  Gov.  Montgomerie  upon  the  death 
of  Mr.  John  Barbaric,  recommended  him  as  that  gentleman's 
successor  in  the  Council  of  the  Province.  In  his  letter  to  the 
Lords  Commissioners  for  Trade  and  Plantations'  dated  May  30*', 

1  Lamb's  Master's  Hist,  of  Corp.  Christ.  Coll.  Cambridge. 
lLoad.Doe.XZ2I.,186.  8Loim1.Doc.ZZIY.,16. 


HONOBAILK  JAMIf  Dl  LAHCET. 


10^ 


M>TOQgH  of  Wert 
.saemWy  j  OUv«, 
J  life  Commander 
r  of  ihe  Assembly 
,w  York,  and  the 
Ion  in  the  war  of 

)lonytben  afforded, 
>8ecute  bis  studies, 
8  CbrlsU  college  in 
of  October,  1721.' 
..  Samuel  Bradford, 
,f  Rochester.    And 
,e  as  bis  Tutor,  vas 
became  successively 
and  Archbishop  of 

t  advantage  to  James 
up  their  Intimacy  by 

aUEngl*"^**^®®**' 
the  various  political 
afterwards  engaged, 
erted  in  his  behalf  In 
long  Mr.DeLancey 
I,  as  he  entered  at  an 
f  the  academic  course. 
»wYork.«   Admlttted, 
lenccd  the  practice  of 
rose  to  that  eminence 
sound  and  cultlvat^ 
^8tlngulshed  for  the 
)k  in  poUtical  aftairs. 
»merie  upon  the  deaA 
as  that  gentleman » 
In  his  letter  to  the 
[tions' dated  May  30»», 

abrldgs. 
L16.  ,  "' 


1728,  the  Governor  says :  « I  am  now  (Wly  oonvineed  that  it 
will  be  for  his  Majesty^s  service  to  appoint  Mr.  James  De  Laojoej 
to  be  one  of  the  Council  here.  He  is  every  way  qnalifled  for 
the  post  J  his  Father  is  an  eminent  merchant,  a  member  of  th« 
Assembly,  one  of  the  richest  men  of  the  Province,  and  he  hit 
eldest  son.  I  beg  your  Lordships  wiU  recommend  him  as  a 
proper  person  to  succeed  Mr.  Barbarie.'' 

The  board  followed  the  Governor's  suggestion  and  did  recom- 
mend him  to  the  King,  George  II.,  by  whom  he  was  called  np 
the  council  by  mandamus  bearing  date  Jan.  26tii^  1729.  > 

Shortly  before  he  entered  the  council  Mr.  De  Lancey  married 
Miss  Anne  Heathoote,  the  eldest  of  the  two  daughters  of  Hon. 
Caleb  Heathcote  a  Councillor  of  the  Province,  and  Receiver 
General  of  his  Majesty's  Customs  in  North  America.*  Already 
through  his  professional  exertions,  and  the  liberality  of  his  father, 
in  very  easy  circumstances,  this  marriage  mad%  Mr.  DeLanoey  a 
wealthy  man»,  for  Miss  Heathcote  inherited  upon  her  father's 
death  one  half  nf  his  large  estate,  real  and  personal ;  the  latter 

1  Smith's  Hist.  N.  T.  1.  245. 

2  This  gentleman  was  a  son  of  Gilbert  Heathcote,  Mayor  of  Chester  in  England, 

ud  was  a  merchant  and  a  man  of  wealth  in  that  country.    The  caase  of  hii 

emigration  was  very  different  ft-om  that  which  brought  most  Englishmen  to 

America.    He  was  engaged  to  a  very  beautiM  lady,  to  whom  he  introdnced  bis 

eldest  brother.  Sir  Gilbert  Heathcote,  (afterwards  M.  P.  for  London,  and  Lord 

Ihyor  of  that  city  in  1711,  at  the  very  time  his  brother  was  Mayor  of  NewTork^ 

ind  one  of  the  chief  founders  and  the  first  governor  of  the  Bank  of  England), 

tdrcumstance  most  unfortunate  for  him,  for  the  lady  soon  found  she  preferred 

tlie  elder  brother,  and  broke  her  engagement  with  the  younger,  who  at  once  left 

England  and  came  to  New  York,  where  he  arrived  in  1692.    He  bought  large 

tracts  of  land  in  Westchester,  from  Indians  and  others,  which  he  had  erected  into 

I  manor  called  the  Manor  of  Scarsdale.    He  became  a  leading  man  in  the  colony, 

ms  Judge  of  Westchester  and  Colonel  of  its  militia  all  his  life,  first  Mayor  of  the 

borough  of  Westchester,  a  Councillor  of  the  Province,  Mayor  of  New  York  for 

three  years,  for  a  time  Commander  of  the  colony's  forces  and  flrom  1716  to  his 

death,  in  1721,  Receiver  General  of  th^  customs  for  all  North  America.    He 

mtrried  Anne,  daughter  of  Col.  (Tangier)  Smith,  of  Long  Island,  so  called  from 

UTiDgbeen  governor  of  that  city  in  Charles  2d's  time,  and  left  two  daughters; 

Anne  who  married  James  De  Lancey  and  Martha  married  to  Lewis  Johnston 

lI.D.,of  Perth  Amboy. 

8  When  he  first  opened  his  oiflco  after  his  return  flrom  England,  his  father  gave 
lum  £8000  currency  towards  "  his  advancement  in  the  world,"  as  the  recital  in 
bii  Will  expresses  it.    See  Will;  N.  Y.  Surrogate's  office,  ZIY.,  91  fco. 


.mo 


MKBIOIB  OF  TUB 


'">\ 


W.  '*  * 


1. 


alone  amountiog  to  upwards  of  £1 0,000  sterling  and  the  formei 
being  use  of  the  largest  landed  estates  in  the  Province. 

Stephen  De  Lanoeyi  his  fiither,  died  in  1741,  upwards  of  8( 
years  of  age, "  worth  at  least  j&l  00,000  gained  by  liis  own  hones 
industry,  and  that  with  credit,  honor  and  reputation." '  Besidei 
which  he  possessed  large  tracts  of  land  on  New  York  Island  anc 
in  Westchester,  and  Ulster  eounties.  The  whole  of  which  estate 
be  left  to  his  five  surviving  children  equally,*  and  the  share 
which  thus'fell  to  James  De  Lancey,  added  to  what  he  alreadj 
possessed,  made  him  one  of  the  richest  men  in  America. 

The  two  puisne  Judgeships  of  the  Supreme  Court  becoming 
vacant  in  1731,  Mr.  De  Lanoey  wa^  appointed  to  be  second,  and 
Jdr.  Adolph  Phillipse  third  judge.  Their  commissons  beardati 
the  same  day,  June  24U»«  1731 .  Up  to  this  time  Mr.  De  Laace; 
had  been  steadily  practising  his  proieseion,  and  had  acquired  the 
character  of  an  able  advocate  and  an  honest  lawyer.  His  fellow 
barristers  were  men  well  known,  and  nearly  all  his  seniors  io 
tlge.  Among  them  were  Joseph  Murray,  James  Alexander, 
Francis  Harrison  and  William  Smith,  the  elder. 

In  1730  a  new  charter  was  granted  to  New  York,  the  corpo^ 
ration  of  which,  in  token  of  Mr.  De  Lancey's  zealous  exertion* 
In  their  favor  upon  the  occasion,  presented  him  with  the  freedom 
of  the  city,  being  the  first  person  to  wJiom  they  voted  that  honoi 
under  the  new  instrument. 

Upon  the  death  of  Montgomerie  in  July  1731,  Rip  Van  Bam 
the  eldest  councillor,  succeeded  to  the  command  and  retaioa 
it  till  August  2d,  1732,  when  Col  William  Ck)sby,  the  new  Goi 
emor,  arrived  and  took  the  reins  of  government.  The  grei 
dispute  concerning  the  salary  soon  after  arose  between  then 
Van  Dam  having  received  the  whole,  and  Mr.  Cosby  producii 
an  order  in  Council,  dated  May  31**,  1732,  and  given  to  him  i 
England  soon  after  his  appointment,  directing  its  equal  divisi( 
between  them.  Mr.  Van  Dam  <would  agree  to  this  if  Mr.  Cosf 
would  also  divide  certain  funds  which  he  alleged  came  to 
hands  in  England  The  Governor  declined  this  prc^sal,  as 
order  referred  only  to  the  salary  given  by  the  colony  and 
perquisites  arising  from  the  granting  of  lands  within  its  limit 

1  Jonet'  Mm.  Hiit.  of  N.  T.     2  WiU  Book  ZIY.,  U,  H.  T.  Sorrogste'i  offld 


HON.  JAMES   DE   LANCEY. 


1041 


|.f> 


erling  and  the  fonner 
he  Province. 
1741,  upwards  of  80 
nedbyliisowniionest 

eputalion.'"  Besides 
I  New  York  Island  and 
>  whole  of  which  estate 
Bually,'  and  the  share 
ted  to  what  he  already 
len  In  Aawrlca. 
pMme  Court  becoming 
,inted  to  be  second,  and 
ir  commlssons  bear  date 
this  time  Mr.  DeLancey 
on,  and  had  acquired  the 
nest  lawyer.  His  fellow 
nearly  all  bis  seniors  in 
trray,  James  Alexander, 
he  elder, 
to  New  York,  the  corpo- 
Micey»s  zealous  exertions 
ted  him  with  the  freedom 
,om  they  voted  that  hoDM 

July  1781,  WP  Van  Dam, 
,e  command  and  retained 
lUm  CJosby,  the  new  Gov- 
government.    The  great 
pter  arose  between  them, 
and  Mr.  Cosby  producing 
1733,  and  given  to  him  m 
lirectmg  its  equal  division 

■  agree  to  this  if  Mr.  Cosby 

ch  he  alleged  came  to  ^ 
Blined  this  proposal,  M  me 

^en  by  the  colony  and  tue 
of  lands  within  its  limits. 

r.,fl,M.T.8urrogi*e'iofflee 


Van  Dam  then  refused  to  pay  over  any  thing  and  claim.d  a 
balance  as  due  to  himself.  The  Governoi-  was  thus  compelled 
either  to  institute  legal  proceedings  or  give  up  his  claim.  Being 
a  matter  of  account  and  therefore  cognizable  only  in  a  court 
of  Equity,  an  action  could  not  be  brought  in  the  Supreme  Court 
which  was  a  court  of  Law.  Being  Chancellor  ex  officio  the 
Governor  was  shut  out  from  the  Cliancery  as  he  could  not  of 
course  hear  his  own  cause.  He  proceeded  therefore  before  the 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  as  Barons  of  the  Exchequer.  This 
Court  which  had  sat  occasionally  before,  and  the  Chancery  were 
however  extremely  unpopular,  owing  to  a  strange  but  inveterate 
prejudice  against  Courts  of  Equity  which  very  early  seized  tlie 
people  of  .New  York. 

Taking  advantage  of  the  popular  feeling  Mr.  Van  Dam's 
counsel  pleaded  to  the  jurisdiction,  but  the  exception  after  full 
argument  was  overruled  by  the  Court,  tlie  Barons  standing  two 
to  one.  Judges  De  Lancey  and  Phillipse  in  the  affirmative  and 
Chief  Justice  Lewis  Morris  in  the  negative.  The  latter  delivered 
a  dissenting  opinion,  on  this  occasion  reflecting  upon  Gov.  Cosby, 
who  shortly  after  requested  a  copy  of  it  in  writing.  This  irri- 
tated the  Chief  Justice,  who  took  the  unheard  of  course  of  sending 
liim  a  copy  in  print,  with  a  very  insulting  letter,*  and  at  the 
tame  time  published  both  to  the  world.  This  extraordinry  and 
insulting  conduct  of  the  highest  judicial  officer  of  the  colony 
rendered  Gov.  Cosby  very  indignant,  and  he  at  once  wrote  the 
Duke  of  Newcastle,  then  minister,  regarding  the  Chief  Justice's 
conduct  and  ui^ed  his  removal  from  office.'  To  this  letter, 
dated  May  3<>,  1733,  he  must  have  received  an  eai-Iy  answer 
from  the  Duke  coinciding  with  his  views,  for  on  the  21"'  of  the 
following  August,  Mr.  Morris  was  removed  from  office  and  James 
I)e  Lancey  was  appointed  Cliief  Justice  of  New  York'  in  his 
stead. 

The  appointment  was  made  under  the  usual  clause  in  the 
•fitvernor's  commissions,  which  authorized  them  to  "  constitute 

1  Bolton's  Hist,  of  Westchester;  II.,  807. 

2  Cosby's  Letter,  dated  May  8d,  1788,  in  Lond.  Doc. :  XXIV.,  232. 

;5  His.  Comn.  is  recorded  in  Book  of  Comns.,  III.,  272  in  Sec.  of  State'i 
"ffice,  Albany.  '  •  " 

Vol.  IV.  66 


*> 


«,  ■  •■» 


%   :; 


/ 


1049 


MEMOIE  OF  THE 


and  appoint  Judges."  A  power  which  they  exercideJ  indepenc 
ently  of  the  council,  and  not  with  its  "advice  aud  consent, 
ns  in  the  erection  of  courts  and  the  exercise  of  a  few  otiu 
powers. '    ' 

About  two  years  afterwards  came  on  l)efore  the  Supreme  Coui 
the  famous  trial  of  John  Peter  Zenger  for  a  series  of  libels  uu  th 
Governor  and  chief  officers  of  the  colony.  He  was  a  print« 
by  trade ;  in  arrears  to  a  small  amount  as  collector  of  taxes  ii 
the  city,  and  the  Assembly  had  refused  to  allow  him  to  discharg 
the  small  debt  by  doing  public  printing  enough  to  cover  it.> 

He  subsequently  published  a  small  paper  entitled  the  Nev 
York  Weekly  Journal,  at  the  instance  of  the  opposition,  in  whicl 
the  libels  complained  of  were  published.  His  counsel  we^ 
James  Alexander  and  Wm.  Smith  the  elder,  the  supposed  author 
of  the  libels,  two  gentlemen  of  ability  and  intellect,  both  politi 
cally  opposed  to  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey. 

Aware  that  .the  law  would  certainly  convict  their  client  tliej 
attempted  to  destroy  the  court,  by  excepting  to  the  commission! 
of  the  judges  as  invalid  and  illegal ;  though  they  knew  them  tc 
be  in  the  usual  form,  and  such  as  their  predecessors  had  alway: 
held,  and  under  which  they  had  acted  for  a  number  of  years 
Their  objections,  if  valid,  would  have  destroyed  the  court  a: 
well  as  the  commissions,  for  it  existed  not  by  force  of  any  statute 
as  they  contended,  but  by  virtue  of  an  ordinance  of  the  Governol 


l#*  • 


1  See  similar  clause  in  Sir  Danvers  Osbom's  Commission.     Appendix 
Smith's  Hist,  of  N.  T. ;  1 ,  299. 

2  The  followmg  entry  explains  Zenger's  difficulties:—"  Sept.  8,  1781.    Til 
petition  of  John  Peier  Zenger  was  presented  to  the  House  and  read,  settin 
forth,  that  he  having  been  chosen  Collector  of  sundry  public  Taxes  iu  tlie  cil 
of  New  Tork,  was  prevented  ft-om  gathering  the  same,  when  they  should  ha| 
been  collected,  by  reason  he  fell  under  some  Trouble  from  his  creditors  at  th 
time,  that  by  Removal  of  some  and  Insolvency  of  others,  rated  in  the  said  Taxi 
there  is  about  Twenty  three  pounds  irrecoverable ;  that,  including  the  said  8u| 
he  remains  accountable  to  the  Province,  for  the  sum  of  Forty  pounds 
upwards,  for  which  he  is  informed  Writs  are  issued  against  him.    And  that] 
being  unable  to  pay  the  same,  has  been  forced  to  keep  out  of  the  way,  but 
poses  to  discharge  in  his  way  of  Printing,  at  the  most  moderate  and  reasoni^ 
wages.    And  therefore  prays  that  Prosecution  against  him  be  stayed,  and! 
employed  in  printing  for  the  Publick.    Ordered.  That  the  said  Petition  lie  on | 
Table."— N.  T.  Assembly  Journal;  I.,  627,  68« 


HON.   XAMU   DC  LAMCKT. 


1048 


f  exercUed  lm\epend- 
ftdvlce  and  consent," 
jrcise  of  a  tew  other 

are  the  Supreme  Court 
»  series  of  libels  on  the 
ly.  He  was  a  printer 
as  coUector  of  taxes  Id 
,aUow  him  to  discharge 
Buoughtocoverlt." 

paper  entitled  the  New 
the  opposition,  m  which 

ed.  His  counsel  were 
Ler!  the  supposed  authors 
;ndlnteUect,hothpohtl- 

Xnvlct  their  client  they 
jptmg  to  the  commissions 
aough  they  knew  them  to 
t  predecessors  had  always 
d  for  a  number  of  years. 
destroyed  the  court  as 
lot  by  force  of  any  statute, 
ordinance  of  the  Governor 

Commission.     Appe«<»x  to 

B^Ules-"  Sept.  8,  1781.  The 
i^  he  House  and  read,  setting 

flS^y  public  Taxes  lu  the  dt, 
If  Bunary  v  should  have 

of  others  rat^dn^^^^^^^ 

I  the  sum  of  Fort>  v^ 
Lued  against  lum^^a^^^^^^^^ 

r°^"r    derteand    easonabie 
[the  most  moderate  ^n^^^^ 


aiid  Council,  dated  May  15ti',  1099.'     A  formal  denial  of  its 
existence  delli)erutely  made  was  tlierefore  a  gross  contempt  of 
court,  and  the  Chief  Justice  from  tlie  bench  warned  tlie  counsel 
of  the  consequences.    But  they  persisted  in  tendering  the  excep- 
tions, tipon  which  tlie  court  mude  an  order  striking  their  names 
from  its  rolls  and  excluding  them  from  lurtlier  practice.    Zenger 
being  unable  to  procure  other  counsel,  the  Court  assigned  him 
Mr.  Josepli  Murray,  with  whom  the  silenced  lawyers  associated 
Mr.  Hamilton  of  Philadelphia,  who  made  so  artfUl  an  address  to 
the  Jury  at  tlie  trial  a  few  days  afterwards  « that,"  in  the  words 
of  one  of  their  own  friends,'  "when  he  left  his  client  in  those 
bands,  such  was  the  fraudful  dexterity  of  the  orator,  and  the 
severity  of  his  invectives  upon  the  Governor  and  his  adherents, 
that  the  Jury  missing  the  true  issue  before  them,  they,  as  if  triers 
of 'their  rulers,  rather  than  of  Zenger,  pronounced  the  criminal 
innocent  because  they  believed  them  to  be  guilty."* 

Chief  Justice  De  Lancey's  course  on  this  occasion  has  been 
much  misunderstood,  owing  to  the  fact,  that  the  only  report 
of  the  trial  was  that  published  by  Zenger  himself,  written  by  the 
silenced  lawyers,  and  printed,  not  in  New  York  but  in  Boston^  in 
1738,  three  years  after  the  trial,  which  of  coiurse  represents  him 
in  tlie  worst  possible  light.  Taking  the  facts  of  the  case,  how- 
ever,*as  given  even  there,  it  would  be  difficult  to  point  out  any 
other  course  which  the  court  could  have  taken  consistently  witti 
its  own  dignity  and  self-respect. 

At  this  period,  and  from  these  controversies  and  others  allied 
to  them,  arose  the  two  great  parties,  which  ever  afterwards 
divided  the  people  of  the  Province.  The  one  maintaining  prin- 
eil^es  moderate  and  conservative;  the  other,  those  of  a  more 
radical  tendency. 
Both  professed  the  strongest  attachment  and  loyalty  to  the 
British  constitution,  and  vied  with  each  other  in  claiming  and 
upholding  all  the  rights  of  Englishmen, 
lo  New  York,  as  in  some  of  the  other  colonies,  the  religious 
element  entered  lai^ely  into  politics.    In  point  of  wealth  and 

1  N.T.  Hlat.  Soo.  OoUectioni;  in.,  356.  v 

2Smith'iHirt.N.l.;  II.,22. 

3  8te  Report  of  the  trial  pnbllihed  by  Zwger  Umwlf,  in  Boitea,  1T88 


t  .' 


I    » 


I 

.a 


I 


1044 


MEMOIR  OF  THE 


H.P- . 


i\ ..' 


i  ^ 


M^£«£i^ 


influence  the  Episcopalians  were  the  leading  denomination,  t 
Dutch  Reformed  Cliurch  came  next,  and  the  Presbyterians  las 
while  in  point  of  numbers  their  positions  were  exactly  reverse 
the  Presbyterians  outnumbering  the  Dutch,  and  the  Dutch  t 
Episcopalians.  The  last  with  most  of  the  Dutch  chiefly  belons;< 
to  the  conservative  party ;  while  the  remainder  of  the  Dutc 
and  tlie  Presbyterians  almost  to  a  man,  were  found  in  the  ran! 
of  the  opposition. 

Anotlier  and  very  striking  peculiarity  in  the  composition  ( 
tlie  colonial  parties,  was  the  remarkable  preponderance  of  tl 
wealth  and  social  position  of  the  Province  on  the  side  of  tl 
conservatives.  In  their  ranks  were  found  the  Philipses,  V« 
Cortlandts,  De  Lanceys,  Bayards,  Crugers,  Wattses,  Walton 
Van  Rensselaers,  Beekmans,  Bleeckers,  Barclays,  Joneses  of  Lor 
Island,  Jays,  Verplancks,  Harrisons,  and  other  substantial  faniille 
while  in  those  of  the  opposition,  the  Livingstons,  Morrlse 
Alexanders  and  perhaps  the  Smiths  and  one  or  two  more  wei 
probably  all  that  belonged  to  the  same  class. 

The  political  contests  were  consequently  warm  and  spirited 
but  always  in  the  end  terminated  in  favor  of  the  conservative 
one  of  whose  chief  leaders  was  James  De  Lancey.    The  entbrc 
ment  of  Cosby's  claim  against  Van  Dam,  and  the  prosecutic 
and  trial  of  Zenger,  were,  however,  though  both  in  strict  accor 
ance  with  the  principles  of  Justice  and  the  law  of  the  Ian 
against  the  popular  feelings,  which  had  been  exerted  by  the  c 
that  the  people's  rights  were  perilled  by  the  establishment 
Equity  Courts,  and  that  the  liberty  of  the  press  was  in  dang< 
This  feeling  increased  largely  by  the  unprincipled  attemj 
of  Gov.  Cosby,  just  before  his  death  in  1736,  to  invalidate  cert 
land  patents  on  Long  Island  and  in  the  Mohawk  Valley,'  was] 
intense  that  upon  tho  dissolution  of  the  old  Assembly,  in  171 
by  Lt.  Gov.  Clark  who  succeeded  him,  the  radical  party  carrj 
the  election  which  immediately  followed.  ^  *l  ;-?  " 
^  But  the  triumph  of  the  opposition  was  of  very  short  dnratil 
Lt.  Gov.  Clark,  aware  that  the  Council  was  strongly  conservati 
attempted  to  take  a  middle  course,  which  lost  him  the  confidej 

-,      1  9imtti>'B  Histoiy  of  N.  Y.;  U.,  24. 


m 


♦ . 


HON.   JAMES  DS  I^MCET. 


1041 


m 


Aing  denomination,  the 
the  Presbyterians  last ; 
>  were  exactly  reversed, 
Itch,  and  the  Dutch  the 
e  Dutch  chiefly  belonged 
emainder  of  the  Dutch, 
were  found  in  the  ranks 

y  in  the  composition  of 
le  preponderance  of  the 
irince  on  the  side  of  the 
3und  the  Philipses,  Van 
ugers,  Wattses,  Waltons, 
,  Barclays,  Joneses  of  Long 
1  other  substantial  families, 
tie  Livingstons,  Morrises, 
and  one  or  two  more  were 
B  class. 

.ently  warm  and  spirited, 
avor  of  the  conservatives, 
DeLancey.  Theenforce- 
Dam,  and  the  prosecution 
lOUgh  both  in  strict  accord- 

and  the  law  of  the  land, 
ad  been  exerted  by  the  cry 
d  by  the  establishment  of 
bf  the  press  was  in  danger, 
^he  unprincipled  attempts 
n  1736,  to  invalidate  certain 
L  Mohawk  Valley,' was  so 
•the  old  Assembly,  in  1737, 
,rn,  the  radical  party  carried 

.wed.        -^  •'     '     ,     ^. 
was  of  very  short  duration. 

•il  was  strongly  conservative, 
[hich  lost  him  the  confidence 

Y.;IIm24. 


of  that  body.  Discovering  this,  he  determined,  in  order  to 
regain  it,  to  break  down  the  opposition  by  intriguing  with  their 
leaders  to  place  them  in  oflftce.  „,,  ^., 

Lewis  Morris,  Jr.,  the  Speaker,  Mr.  Simon  Johnson  and  the 
other  prominent  men  entered  into  his  views  and  accepted  his 
oflFei-s,  but  the  Council  refused  to  give  their  consent.  In  this 
unfortunate  dilemma  their  intrigues  became  public,  and  the 
lessons  of  hatred  and  contempt  for  men  in  office  which  they 
had  taught  the  people  for  the  last  few  years,  reacted  so  nower^ 
fully  upon  themselves,  that  "they  instantly  fell  from  the  heights 
of  popularity  into  the  most  abject  contempt."  >  Thig  proof  of 
the  absence  of  principle  in  their  leaders  destroyed  the  opposition. 
A  dissolution  of  the  Assembly  soon  followed,  and  in  the  new 
elections  the  conservatives  regained  their  power.  This  ascend- 
ancy was  henceforward  maintained,  and  their  party  became 
supreme  in  the  colony.  The  people,  disgusted  with  their  old 
leaders,  gave  it  a  cordial  support,  and  the  affairs  of  the  Province 
continued  in  its  keeping  for  a  long  series  of  years. 

During  this  period  Cliief  Justice  De  Lancey  not  only  discharged 
the  responsible  duties  of  his  office  to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
colony,  and  with  credit  to  himself,  but  was  regarded  on  all  aides 
as  the  acknowledged  leader  of  the  Council,  a  position  he  retained 
throughout  the  administra'tion  of  Cosby,  Clark  and  Clinton,  and 
until  his  own  accession  to  the  command  of  the  Province  as 
Lieutenant  Governor  in  1753,  a  period  of  upwards  of  twenty 
years. 

He  was  engaged  also  at  times  in  important  public  matters  in 
other  colonies.  Among  other  trusts  of  this  nature  he  was 
appointed  by  the  King  one  of  the  commissioners  to  settle  the 
disputed  boundary  between  Massachusetts  and  Rliode  Island  in 
1741 ,  and  was  an  active  member  of  the  board.  Neither  province 
was  satisfied  with  the  result,  and  both  appealed  to  the  King  in 
conncil.  But  the  question  remained  an  open  one  between  the 
parties  both  as  provinces  and  states,  and  was  determined  in  1846 
or  1847,  curiously  enongli,  upon  almost  the  very  line  marked 
out  by  the  Royal  Commissioners  more  than  a  century  before.^ 

1  Smith's  Hist.  N.  Y. ;  II.,  44. 

2  See  original  "  Booli  of  Minutes  of  the  Corn's"  in  Seo's  otSce,  Alhanj. 


I  ' 


■«-,    .;. 


if     '■■ 


1046 


MIMOIB  or  TBI 


1' 


« 


"     * 


n   >V 


ft         ^ 


il.  >*ta 


ty* 


A  notice  to  reconsider  the  subject  has  however  been  recent] 
giyen  in  the  Massachusetts  legislature. 

During  the  first  few  years  of  Gov.  Clinton's  administratio 
harmony  prevailed  in  the  government.  He  reposed  gr« 
confidence  in  the  Chief  Justice  and  the  conservatives,  which  !i 
manifested  by  presenting  the  former,  of  his  own  accord,  as 
appears,  with  a  new  commission  as  Chief  Justice  <<  during  goo 
behavior,"  or,  in  other  words,  for  life,  dated  September  14t< 
1744,  in  place  of  his  former  one,  the  tenure  of  which  was  onl 
"during  pleasure."  Not  long  after,  however,  Mr.  Clinto 
recommended  certain  measures  which  did  not  meet  the  approba 
tion  of  either  the  Council  or  the  Assembly,  the  most  objectionabl 
of  which  was  the  demand  of  an  independent  support  for  a  ten 
of  years,  in  place  of  the  annual  appropriation  hitherto  made 
This  produced  a  rupture  between  him  and  those  bodies,  and  h 
consequently  withdrew  his  confidence  from  the  conservatives 
who  opposed  his  measures,  so  that  from  1746  to  the  end  of  hi 
administration,  in  1753,  they  were  in  continual  opposition  ti 
the  dominant  party  in  the  colony  and  in  the  legislature. 

The  Chief  Justice  took  an  active  part  in  these  disputes  an^ 
exerted  all  his  power  in  favor  of  the  people  and  against  tl 
Governor,  who  had  thrown  himself  into  the  arms  of  Dr.  Coldeij 
and  the  Chief  Justice's  old  opponents,  Mr.  Smith  and  U\ 
Alexander. 

The  influence  possessed  by  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey  dm-iij 
this  period  was  greater,  perhaps,  than  that  which  any  si 
individual  ever  exerted  in  New  York  prior  to  the  RevolutioJ 
Smith,  the  author  of  the  History  of  the  colony,  the  son  of  WiUia 
Smith,  the  elder,  the  rival  and  opponent  of  Chief  Justil 
De  Lancey,  thus  speaks  of  it,  as  manifested  by  the  result  of  tl 
election  of  1752,  which  turned  upon  the  questions  involved  \ 
the  controversies  with  Clinton.  >     "  The  influence  of  the  Ghj 
Justice  was,  nevertheless,  so  prevalent  that  he  had  a  grl 
majority  of  friends  and  relations  in  the  new  Assembly,  conveiT 
on  the  24th  day  of  October,  1752."    "  It  may  gratify  the  curios 
of  the  reader  to  know,  that  of  the  Members  of  this  A8sem| 
Mr.  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey  was  nephew  to  Col.  Beel 

1  HM.  H.  T.  XL,  141,  M». 


y-'lj* 


HON.  JAMI8  DELANOBY. 


1047 


,owever  been  recently 


f  ■"■■ 


linton's  administration 
t.     He  reposed  great 
onservatives,  which  he 
I  his  own  accord,  as  it 
,f  Justice  "during  good 
dated  September  U^\ 
tture  of  which  was  only 
however,  Mr.  Clinton 
idnotmeettheapproba- 
ly,  the  most  objectionable 
ndent  support  for  a  term 
opriation  hitherto  made, 
and  those  bodies,  and  he 
5  from  the  conservatives, 
m  1746  to  the  end  of  his 
n  continual  opposition  to 
in  the  legislature.     - 
)art  in  these  disputes  and 
e  people  and  against  the 
to  the  arms  of  Dr.  Golden, 

Ints,  Mr.  Smith  and  Mr. 

Justice  De  Lancey  during 
ian  that  which  any  smgle 
c  prior  to  the  Revolution. 
B  colony,  the  son  of  WiUiam 

pponent  of  Chief  Justice 
ifested  by  the  result  of  the 
the  questions  involved  in 
The  influence  of  the  Chief 
,lent  that  he  had  a  gr^t 
he  new  Assembly,  convened 

at  may  gratify  the  curiosity 

Members  of  this  Assembly, 

nephew  to  Col.  Beekmaa, 


brother  to  Peter  De  Lancej,  brother-in-law  to  John  Watts,  cousin 
to  Philip  Ver  Planck,  and  John  Baptist  Van  Rensselaer ;  that 
Mr.  Jones,  the  speaker,  Mr.  Richard,  Mr.  Walton,  Mr.  Cruger 
Mr.  PhUlipse,  Mr.  Winner  and  Mr.  Le  Count,  were  of  his  most 
intimate  acquaintances ;  and  that  these  twelve  of  the  twenty- 
seven  which  composed  the  whole  house,  held  his  character  and 
sentiments  in  the  highest  esteem.  Of  the  remaining  fifteen  h« 
only  wanted  one  to  gain  a  majority  under  his  influence,  than 
which  nothing  was  more  certain  j  tor  except  Mr.  Livingston 
who  represented  his  own  manor,  there  was  not  among  the  rest  a 
man  of  education  or  abilities  qualified  for  the  station  they  were 
in.  They  were,  in  general,  farmers  and  directed  by  one  or  more 
of  the  twelve  members  above  named.  Of  the  wholf-  House  the 
only  wealthy,  able  member,  neither  connected  with  Mr.  De  Lancey 
nor  within  the  sphere  of  his  influence,  was  Mr.  Livingston. 

"  His  station  on  the  bench  with  the  independent  tenure  of 
good  behavibur,  added  to  his  amazing  power,  which  was  again 
augmented  by  the  inferior  abilities  of  his  assistants  and  his 
incessant  assiduity,  joined  to  his  own  affluence,  and  that  of  his 
family,  in  cultivating  all  the  arts  of  popularity  from  the  moment 
he  was  disgusted  by  Mr.  Clarke  in  1737."  .  •  - 

In  the  autumn  of  the  next  year,  1753,  Gov.  Clinton  was 
superseded  in  the  command  of  the  Province  by  Sir  Danvers 
Osbom.  On  the  tenth  of  October,  in  that  year,  the  new  Governor 
was  sworn  in,  in  the  presence  of  the  Council,  and  received  the 
seals  from  Governor  Clinton,  who  at  the  same  time  produced 
and  delivered  to  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey,  a  commission  as 
Lieutenant  Governor  dated  Oct  24*''  1747,  which  he  liad  kept 
back  in  his  own  hands  until  this  tihie.  This  commission,  under 
the  sign  manual  of  George  XL,  had  passed  the  seals  nearly  six 
years  before,  and  had  been  in  Gov.  Clinton's  keeping  ever  since, 
who  either  from  jealousy  or  fear  of  the  Chief  Justice,  suppressed 
it  till  he  could  do  so  no  longer.  ■ 

The  facts  relative  to  this  commission  and  its  suppression, 
reveal  the  determination  of  Gov.  Clinton  and  his  advisers,  Smith 

1  The  original  oommiBsion  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Lt.  Oorernor's  gnnd-son,  the 
Rt.  Kor.  Williun  H.  De  Lanoey,  Bishop  of  Western  New  York;  it  was  also  reooided  ia 
book  of  Oomns.  IV.,  122,  in  See's  of  State's  office,  Albany. 


ri 


104a 


MEMOIR  OF  THE 


>     *       t  < 


•/  ff4 

ii;'' 


^ii. 


T     ' 


.  •'"     f. 


aud  Alexander,  to  undermine  the  Chief  Justice  in  England 
when  they  found  they  could  not  shake  his  power  in  New  York. 
The  coui'se  of  the  Ijjitter  was  approved  by  the  Home  Governmeiit 
or  he  never  would  have  been  appointed  Lieut.  Governor 
especially  at  the  time  when  the  promotion  was  made,  fur 
during  the  whole  of  1747  Gov.  Clinton  and  Dr.  Coldeu  were 
continually  writing  to  the  Dukes  of  New  Castle  and  Bedford 
two  of  the  ministry,  greviously  complaining  of  him  and  his 
party. '  They  even  went  so  far  as  to  ask  his  removal  from  the 
Chief  Justiceship.  On  the  eighth  of  November,  1747,  only 
fifteen  days  after  his  commission  of  Lt.  Governor  was  signed  by 
the  King  in  London,  and  of  course  befqre  he  thouglit  sucli  a 
step  was  contemplated.  Gov.  Clinton  wrote  from  New  York  to 
Mr.  under  secretary  Stone,  recommending  the  Chief  Justice's 
removal  from  office,  and  the  next  day,  the  ninth,  he  wrot^ 
another  letter  to  the  Duke  of  New  Castle,  urging  the  same 
step.  3 

Finding  however  that  he  was  promoted  instead- of  disgraced, 
Mr.  Clinton  on  the  IS"*  of  Feb.  1748,sent  a  sort  of  remonstrance] 
to  the  Duke  stating  that  Mr.  De  Lancey's  advancement  to  be 
Lieutenant  Governor  was  very  unhappy  for  the  Province  and 
prejudicial  to  himself.  ^  This  sort  of  warfare  was  unceasingly 
kept  up  as  long  as  Clinton  remained  in  office,  and  while  he 
actually  had  Mr.  De  Lancey's  commission  as  Lt.  Governor  in 
hi's  hands.  « 

In  1751  the  enemies  of  Mr.  De  Lancey  changed  their  plan  o 
derations.  On  the  28*'»  of  February  Gov.  Clinton  sent  a  formal 
"  memorial"  to  the  Duke  of  Bedford  praying  that  gentlemau'i 
removal  from  the  office  of  Lieutenant  Governor,  and  the  appoint 
ment  of  another  in  his  plape.  *  This  was  followed,  on  the  8'"  of 
April,  by  a  letter  to  the  Board  of  Trade  requesting  his  "  suspeii 
sion"  from  the  Lieut.  Governorship,*  and  on  tl^e  18*^  of  July  Dr 
Colden  was  recommended  as  President  of  the  council,"  so  tlia 
he  might  be  ready  to  succeed  Mr.  Clinton,  if  the  "suspension" 
took  place.    At  the  same  time  an  intrigue  was  set  on  foot,  a 

1  Soe  their  various  letters  in  London  Document  XXVIII.,  Seoretary  of  State's  offic< 
Albany. 

2  Ibid.,  215,  219.    3  Ibid.,  238.     4  Ibid.,  210.     5  Ibid:  XXX.,  364.    6  Ibid.  26 


Iff,  ^     ^1 


HON.   JAMES  DE  LANCEY. 


1049 


justice  in  England, 
)o\ver  in  New  York. 
5  Home  Government, 
d   Lieut.  Governor, 
tion  was  made,  tor 
od  Dr.  Coldeu  were 
Castle  and  Bedford, 
ning  of  Mm  and  his 
his  removal  from  the 
ovember,  1747,  only 
overnor  was  signed  by 
re  he  thought  such  a 
,te  from  New  York  to 
ing  the  Chief  Justice's 
r,  the  ninth,  he  wrote 
astle,  urging  the  same 

jd  instead  of  disgraced, 
at  a  sort  of  remonstrance 
•ey's  advancement  to  be 
,y  for  the  Province  and 
-arfare  was  unceasingly 
in  office,  and  while  he 
iion  as  Lt.  Governor  in 

^y  changed  their  plan  of 
lev.  Clinton  sent  a  formal 

Laying  that  gentleman's 
Uernor,andtheappoint- 
L  followed,  on  the  8»n>t 
.  requesting  his"  suspen- 
ad  on  the  18th  of  July  Dr- 

of  the  council,"  so  that 
.flton,  if  the  "suspension 

frigue  was  set  on  foot,  as 

ivill.,  Secretary  of  SUte's  office. 
5  Ibid:  XXX.,  354.    6  IDid.  261. 


appears  from  a  letter  of  Mr.  Charles,  the  colony'?  agent  in 
London,  to  the  speaker  of  the  Assembly,*  to  get  Mr.  Robt. 
Hunter  Morris  appointed  Lieutenant  Governor  of  New  York  • 
Gov.  Clinton  and  his  friends  being  determined,  if  it  were  possible', 
to  oust  Lt.  Gov.  De  Lancey  from  his  office  by  any  means  in  then- 
power. 

But  all  these  efforts  were  utterly  futile.    Mr.  Clinton  was  not 

only  compelled,  in  the  end,  to  deliver  up  to  Mr.  De  Lancey  his 

commission,  but  to  undergo  the  further  mortification  of  witnessing 

tlie  manifestations  of  popular  pleasure  which  the  announcement 

of  the  fact  produced.  =    Two  days  afterwards,  on  the  12<»»  October, 

1753,  occurred  the  tragical  death  of  Sir  Danvers  Osborne,  who 

committed  suicide  in  a  fit  of  insanity,  and  the  command  of  the 

province  immediately  devolved  upon  Mr.  De  Lancey.     His 

accession  was  hailed  with  general  delight,  for  his  long  service 

as  Chief  Justice,  having  traveled  the  circuits  upwards  of  twenty 

years,  had  made  the  people  of  the  Province  thoroughly  acquainted 

with  liim  ;  and  the  approval  of  his  elevation,  which  they  now 

maiiiiested,  showed  how  highly  they  esteemed  his  character  and 

capacity.  - '■  i  - 

At  this  time  the  agitation  of  the  great  question  of  the  day, 
regarding  the  support  of  Government,  was  at  its  height.    The 
"instructions,"  which   accompanied  the  commissions  of  the 
Colonial  Governors,  provided  that  acts  giving  a  permanent 
support  for  five  years,  should  be  passed  by  the  Assembly  as  often 
as  was  necessary.    This  had  always  been  done  previous  to  1737 ; 
but  finding  that  the  certainty  of  a  support  for  so  long  a  period 
rendered  the  Governors  very  independent,  and  gave  rise  to 
prodigality  of  diflferent  kinds,  the  Assembly  of  that  year  deter- 
mined that  the  support  acts  should  be  annual  for  the  future  in 
spite  of  the  "  instructions."    This  was  considered  an  encroach- 
ment upon  the  royal  prerogative  and  as  such  was  strongly  resisted. 
From  that  time  this  subject  caused  great  struggles  between 
the  Assembly  and  the  Governors ;  but  the  former  would  only 
pass  annual  hills,  though  tlie  latter  always  asked  those  for  five 
yt'iirs.    Gov.  Clinton,  during  the  first  three  years  of  his  admin- 
istnilion,  signed  annual  bills — tlien  he  refused  to  do  it  any 

1  Smiths  Hist.  N.  Y.  11.,  145, 146.    2  Smith's  Hist.  N.  Y.  II.,  152. 


<■    \ 


Si    i 


1060 


BfEMOIR  OF  THE 


^^^^^^^^^H 

^Hft;     ,i[' 

^^^^^^^^^^H 

^BHw   '^ 

^Hk 

^^^^^^^^H 

IflRBf^iPf 

W^-:        ;♦; 

M^-^^j'^,  ■(-■?._ 

■;     .'?•    "i 

Im^^hk,'')  -  -.f.'^'i 

•*;#  'S 

^^K^iiy 

a  '^ 

'f.  r  .;        ;? 

^^P''V'.' 

^■■.'f  1 

||^^;|;^;'.t'.' 

It^i, '  A  '        ^  ' 

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jr                    • 

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"■''\  ■    i 

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*     ',      • 

^K*  '■' 

^m'' '   *    ' 

Wh     »   ''•' 

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HHB^Bj 

Mh-  i 

^^^^^^■H) 

Hui  Ji 

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p 

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s 

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fti 

■■%  ■' 

longer  and  demanded  a  revenue  for  five  years,  which  caused  the 
rupture  between  himself  and  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey  and  the 
conservative  party,  who  were  warmly  in  favor  of  the  annual 
mode  of  support.  A  long  and  severe  contest  followed  in  which 
the  nearly  general  voice  of  the  province  was  with  the  conserva- 
tives, while  curiously  enough  the  supporters  of  the  Governor 
were  Mr.  Smith,  Mr.  Alexander  and  their  friends,  who  were  the 
original  proposers  of  the  annual  mode  in  1737." 

In  the  midst  of  this  contest  of  the  people  against  the  prerog- 
ative, with  his  feelings,  opinions  and  political  sentiments  alto- 
gether on  the  popular  side,  the  Lt.  Governor  found  himself 
unexpectedly  called  to  the  supreme  command.  The  thirty-ninth 
of  the  new  "instructions,"  which  Sir  Panvers  Osborn  had 
brought  out,  and  which  his  office  compelled  him  to  obey,  enjoined 
in  the  strongest  terms  upon  the  Commander-in-chief  to  insist 
upon  "  a  permanent  revenue  solid,  indefinite,  and  without  limi- 
tation." '  ^ 

The  difficulty  of  his  position  now,  was  only  equalled  by  its 
delicacy.  His  individual  and  party  views,  and  the  popular 
sentiment,  favored  one  coujse  of  action,  while  his  commission, 
his  "  instructions,"  and  the  oaths  of  office  pointed  out  another. 

In  spite  of  all  the  danger  which  his  popularity  and  consistency 
ran,  he  did  his  duty  and  boldly  communicated  the  obnoxious 
"instructions,"  as  he  was  bound. to  do,  with  his  first  speech  to 
the  Assembly,  and  told  them  they  must  act  accordingly. '    And 
in  all  his  future  speeches  he  continually  urged  them  to  obedience. 
At  the  same  time  he  received  all  their  resolutions,  representations 
and  addresses  against  the  measure,  and  forwarded  those  they 
wished  to  the  home  government,  and  when  it  was  proper,  wrote 
to  the  ministry  pressing  upon  them  to  agree  to  the  views  am 
wishes  of  the  Province.    But  he  would  not  assent  to  the  annua 
bills  they  passed  and  sent  to  him,  in  consequence  of  which  h< 
received  no  salary  as  Commander-in-chief  till  1756,  in  the  spring 
of  which  year  the  ministry  gave  up  the  point  and  agreed  U 
annual  support  bills  for  the  future,  and  directed  Sir  Charle 
Hardy,  the  then  Governor,  to  communicate  the  change  of  tb 

1  Aaembly  JouraaUs;  I.,  728,  732.  2  AsBembly  JounuJa;  U.,  361. 

8  8«e  «a  befora  Amimbly  Jonmla;  II.«  861. 


HON.  JAMI8  DK  LAMCET. 


1051 


law,  which  caused  the 
ce  De  Lancey  and  the 
favor  of  the  annual 
test  followed  in  which 
vas  With  the  conserva- 
rters  of  the  Governor 
r  friends,  who  were  the 

1737. » 

pie  against  the  prerog- 
ilitical  sentiments  alto- 
)vernor  found  himself 
land.    The  thirty-ninth 
Panvers  Osbom  had 
Bd  him  to  obey,  enjoined 
lander-in-chief  to  insist 
finite,  and  without  limi- 

pas  only  equalled  by  its 
riews,  and  the  popular 
1,  while  his  commission, 
ice  pointed  out  another, 
jpularityand  consistency 
lunicated  the  obnoxious 
with  his  first  speech  to 
act  accordingly.'    And 
arged  them  to  obedience, 
solutions,  representations 
id  forwarded  those  they 
rhen  it  was  proper,  wrote 
agree  to  the  views  and 
not  assent  to  the  annual 
jnsequence  of  which  he 
rieftilll756,in  the  spring 
the  point  and  agreed  to 
and  directed  Sir  Charles 
^nicate  the  change  of  the 

wmbly  Joun»l«-,  U.»  361. 


instruction  to  the  Assembly,  which  he  did  on  the  24a»  of  the 
foUowing  September.*  This  was  a  great  triumph  for  the 
colony,  and  for  which  it  was  indebted  solely  to  the  policy  of 
Lt.  Governor  De  Lancey,  and  the  tact  and  statesmanship  he 
shewed  In  carrying  it  out.  A  fact  so  manifest  as  to  compel  the 
reluctant  praise  of  the  partial  author  of  the  History  of  New 
York.' 

On  the  19th  of  June,  1754,  Lieut.  Governor  De  Lancey  con- 
vened and  opened  the  celebrated  Congress  of  Albany,  over  which 
he  presided.  This  was  a  Congress  of  delegates  from  all  the 
colonies'  which  the  home  government  directed  the  Lt.  Governor 
of  New  York  to  hold,  for  the  purpose  of  conciliating  the  Indian 
nations  who  were  invited  to  attend  it ;  of  renewing  the  covenant 
chain  arid  attaching  them  more  closely  to  the  British  interest, 
and  for  comprising  all  the  provinces  in  one  general  treaty  to  be 
made  with  them  in  the  King's  name,  and  for  no  other  purpose.* 
Speeches  ahd  presents  were  made  to  the  Indians  who  promised 
to  do  all  that  was  asked  of  them,  but  no  formal  treaty  whatever 
was  concluded.  The  Congress  voted  instead,  that  the  delegation 
from  each  colony  except  New  York,  should  appoint  one  of  their 
number,  who  together  should  be  a  committee  to  digest  a  plan 
for  a  general  union  of  all  the  colonies 

The  choice  of  the  New  York  committee-man  was  left  to  Lt. 
Governor  De  Lancy,  who,  acting  most  impartially,  appointed  his 
political  opponent,  William  Smith,  Esq'.,  the  elder.*  This 
movement,  which  was  not  within  the  objects  of  the  Congress  as 
defined  in  the  letter  of  the  Board  of  Trade  above  mentioned, 
resulted  in  the  adopting  of  a  plan  of  a  union  to  be  made  by  act 
of  Parliament,  which,  after  its  provisions  were  resolved  on,  was 
put  into  form  by  Benjamin  Franklin,  who  was  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania,  and  which  was  not  decided  upon,  but  merely  sent 
to  the  different  provinces  for  consideration.  ..  irif 

1  Assembly  Journals;  11.,  500. 

2  Smith's  Hist.  N.Y.;  n.,  232.  ' 

3  Virginia  and  Carolina  did  not  send  delegates,  but  dedred  to  be  oonddered  at  prewnt 
Boe.  Hist.  N.  T. ;  II.,  667. 

4  See  Letter  of  Lords  of  Trade,  directing  the  holding  of  the  Oongtea,  and  fha  miavlei 
of  its  proceedings  in  fnU,  in  Doe.  Hist.  N.  T. ;  II.,  &56.  ^ 

6  Deo.  Hirt.  N.  T. ;  IL,  6«6.  '         '        •       "«  -^ 


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^HHHhLjX.^':'''  . 

Before  the  motion  for  the  appointment  of  this  committee  was 
made,  Lt.  Qov.  De  Lancey,  being  in  favor  of  the  colonies  uniting 
for  their  own  defence,  proposed  the  building  and  maintaining,  at 
the  joint  expense  of  the  colonies,  of  a  chain  of  forts  covering 
their  whole  exposed  frontier,  and  some  in  the  Indian  country 
itself.  But  his  plan  was  Without  effect  upon  the  Congress; 
for  as  he  tells  us  himself,  "  tliey  seemed  so  fully  persuaded  of  tlie 
backwardness  of  the  several  assemblies  to  come  into  joint  and 
vigorous  measures  that  they  were  unwilling  to  enter  upon  the 
consideration  of  these  matters." '  His  idea  seems  to  have  been 
for  a  practical  union  of  the  colonies  for  their  own  defence  to  be 
made  by  themselves ;  while  that  of  the  committees,  who  despair- 
ed of  a  voluntary  union,  was  for  a  consolidation  of  the  coloniei 
to  be  enforced  by  act  of  Parliament.  Neither  plan,  however, 
met  with  favor  in  any  quarter,  and  the  Congress  effected  littla 
but  the  conciliation  of  the  Indians.' 

In  the  autumn  of  1754  the  Lt.  Governor  suggested  to  the 
Assembly  the  system  of  settling  lands  in  townships  instead  of 
patents,  a  measure  which,  being  passed  by  them,  rapidly  increased! 
the  population  and  prosperity  of  the  colony. » 

On  the  thirty-first  of  October,  1754,  Lt.- Governor  De  Lancey 
signed  and  passed  tlie  charter  of  King's  (now  Columbia)  College, 
in  spite  of  tlie  long  and  bitter  opposition  of  the  Presbyterians, 
led  by  Mr.  William  Livingston.  So  decideil  were  these  against 
the  Episcopalians  at  this  time,  and  so  determined  were  the  efforts 
of  Mr.  Livingston  to  break  down  the  college,  that,  though  signe 
and  sealed,  tlie  charter  was  not  delivered  in  consequence  of  th^ 
clamor  till  May  7*'  1755,  when,  after  an  address,  Lt.  GovernoJ 
De  Lancey  presented  it  to  the  trustees  in  form.* 

This  college  controversy  gave  renewed  vigor  to  the  feuJ 
between  the  De  Lancey  and  Livingston  parties,  the  former  o| 
whom  were  leading  supporters  of  the  College,  and  the  latter  i( 
bitterest  foes.    A  feud ,  which  burning  strongly  ever  after,  exerte I 

1  See  his  speech  to  the  Assembly  of  August  20th,  1754.    Ass.  Jour.;  Il 
886  887. 
'i  See  the  proceedings  of  the  Congress.    Doc.  Hist.  N.  Y. ;  II.,  545. 
8  Assembly  Journal ;  II.,  for  September,  1754.  ,        .    • 

4  Moore's  dist.  Col'a  College,  p.  20.  '      . 


i 


HON.  JAMES  DELAMCEY. 


10S8 


rthis  committee  was 
►f  the  colonies  uniting 
,g  and  maintaining,  at 
lain  of  forts  coverins; 
n  the  Indian  country 

upon  the  Congress; 

fully  persuaded  of  tlie 
o  come  into  joint  and 
ling  to  enter  upon  the 
lea  seems  to  have  been 
their  own  defence  to  b« 
)mmittees,whode8pair- 
)lidation  of  the  colonies 
Neither  plan,  however, 
Congress  effected  little 

pernor  suggested  to  the 

in  townships  instead  of 

fy  them,  rapidly  increased 

lony.» 

Lt.- Governor  De  Lancey 

(now  Columbia)  College, 
.on  of  the  Presbyterians, 

jcided  were  these  against 
eterrained  were  the  eilbrts 
)llege,  that,  though  signed 
ed  in  consequence  of  the 
an  address,  Lt.  Govevnor 

in  form.* 

lewed  vigor  to  the  feud 
on  parties,  the  former  of 
Icollege,  and  the  latter  its 

itrongly  ever  after,  exerted 

Lt  20th,  1754.    Ass.  Jour. ill-. 
.Hist.N.Y.;  n;W5. 


a  controlling  influence  in  the  future  politics  of  the  colony.  80 
mticU  so  tliat  in  1759  tlie  two  parties  were  designated  by  the 
Dames  of  these  two  powerful  and  wealthy  leaders.  > 

In  the  spring  of  1755  the  Lt.  Governor  attended  the  councU 
of  Governors,  called  by  Gen.  Braddock,  at  Alexandria,  and 
aided  in  the  adoption  of  tlie  measures  there  concerted  against 
the  French,  with  whom  hostilities  liad  commenced. "    Sir  Cliarles 
Haixly,  tlie  new  Governor,  appointed  in  Sir  Danvers  Osborne's 
place,  arrived  and  took  command  of  the  Province  on  Sept.  2>««>, 
1755  ;  and  Lt.  Governor  De  Lancey  resumed  his  seat  upon  the 
Bench  as  Chief  Justice.    Gov.  Hardy  was  an  officer  of  the  Navy 
and  not  much  accustomed  to  civil  aflfairs.    He  depended  chiefly 
on  the  Lieut.  Governor,  who  supported  all  leading  measures, 
except  the  ill-advised  and  unsuccessful  attempt  he  was  induced 
to  make  to  vacate  the  Kayayderosseras  and  a  few  other  land 
patents.    Preferring  his  professional  life,  Sir  Charles,  after  a  ten 
months'  residence  in  New  York  applied  to  be  allowed  to  resign 
his  government  and  to  re-enter  the  Navy.'    A  short  time  after- 
wards his  request  was  granted,  and  being  made  a  Rear- Admiral, 
he  sailed  from  New  York,  with  a  command  in  the  expedition  against 
Louisburgh,  on  the  second  of  July,  1757,  just  twenty-two  months 
after  his  arrival  in  that  city.    By  this  resignation  the  command 
again  dievolved  upon  Mr.  De  Lancey.     The  war  with  France 
was  then  going  on,  and  the  Province  was  entirely  engaged  during 
this,  and  the  two  succeeding  years,  in  military  affairs  and 
measures.    During  this  period  civil  matters  were  very  quiet, 
and  the  energies  of  the  Lt.  Governor  were  given  to  promoting, 
directing,  and  carrying  out  the  various  measures  which  the  events 
of  the  war  rendered  necessary  on  the  part  of  the  Colony.    He 
contributed  greatly  to  the  retrieving  of  the  disasters  of  1757, 
and  to  the  success  of  the  operations  of  1758  and  1759 ;  and 
especially  to  promoting  the  expedition  which  ended  in  the 
repulse  at  Ticonderoga,  and  that  which  followed  it  in  the  suc- 
ceeding year. 
Though  generally  quiet,  the  opposition  did  not  give  up  entirely 

their  attempts  against  the  party  in  power.    The  most  notorious 

1  Smith's  Hist.  N.  T. ;  11.,  273.  2  Doc.  Hist.  N.  T. ;  II.,  648. 

8  See  his  letter  to  this  effect,  dated  Aug.  2nd,  1760,  Lond.  Doc. ;  XXXIII.,  867. 


■4 


lOM 


lONOUl  or  TBS 


i 


V  I 


iy^^ 


of  which  was  the  printing,  in  England  and  secret  circulation 
there  and  in  the  colony,  of  an  anonymous  pamphlet,  entitled*  a 
<<  Review  of  the  military  operations  in  North  Atnerica,  from  the 
commencement  of  the  French  hostilities  on  the  frontiers  of 
Virginia,  in  1753,  to  the  surrender  of  Oswego,  on  the  Uth 
August  1756,  in  a  letter  to  a  nobleman."  In  this  publication 
the  Lt.  Goyemor  was  attacked  by  name,  and  in  terms  of  bitterest 
invectiire.  Falsehood  was,  however,  so  evident  on  its  &ce  that 
neither  Lt.  Gk>v.  De  Lancey,  nor  any  of  the  other  gentlemen  whofm 
it  attacked,  ever  considered  it  worthy  of  notice.  Mr.  Alexander 
superintended  its  printing  as  he  acknowledged  himself,'  being 
at  the  time  in  England,  engaged  in  his  vain  attempt  to  provo 
title  to  the  earldom  of  Stirling ;  but  its  author  is  now  believed 
to  have  been  William  Smith,  the  younger,  the  writer  of  the 
colony's  history,  notwithstanding  it  has  been  ascribed  to  Mr 
Livingston.* 

The  Assembly  adjourned  in  the  summer  of  1760,  and  shortly 
after  the  colony  was  startled  by  the  very  sudden  and  unexpected 
death  of  Lieut.  Governor  De  Lancey,  which  happened  on  the 
morning  of  Wednesday,  the  30t>>of  July,  in  that  year.'  He 
was  discovered  by  one  of  his  children  in  a  dying  condition  in 
his  library,  too  far  gone  for  medical  aid  to  be  of  the  least  service : 
his  dissolution  having  been  caused  by  an  affection  of  the  heart. 

1  Smith's  Hist.  V.T.,  II.,  266.  2  < 'This  pamphlet  WM  written  in  New  Torlc,  and 
it  Is  believed,  iVom  circumstances,  that  William  Smith,  afterwards  Chief  Justice 
of  Canada,  was  the  author;  that  he  copied  it  himself,  never  permitting  either  of 
his  clerks  to  see  a  word  of  it;  that  the  manuscript  was  careflilly  nailed  up  in  a 
box  prepared  for  the  purpose,  and  sent  to  London  to  be  printed.  .  The  pamphlets, 
when  received  flrom  London,  were  not  publicly  distributed,  and  only  a  few  of  tliem 
were  given  to  particular  individuals.  But  it  soon  became  known  in  the  city  that 
such  a  pamphlet  existed.  I  was  then  a  clerk  in  Smith's  office,  and  wished 
to  procure  one  of  the  pamphlets,  but  all  my  endeavors  were  fmttless;  and! 
never  got  one  until  some  time  daring  the  revolutionary  war,  when  I  met  with 
one  at  an  auction  in  New  York  and  purchased  it."  Hon.  Samuel  Jonuf  notu 
on  Smith? »  Hiitory  of  N.  Y.  in  Vol.  8  of  N.  Y.  Hut.  Soc.  Colleetion$,p.  861, 
See  also  a  prior  letter  of  hit,  tame  Vol.  p.  849.  The  pamphlet  ittelf  it  in  Matt 
Hist.  Soe.  Collectiona,  VII.,  p.  67. 

8  Some  doubt  has  been  thrown  around  the  precise  date  of  his  death.  Dunla] 
places  it  in  1769,  and  some  other  writers  have  followed  him.  But  the  cound 
minutes,  (XXV.,  816,)  and  the  newspapers  of  the  day,  agreeing  wUh  ftmil] 
tradition,  fix  it,  beyond  cavfl,  as  stated  fai  the  text 


HON.   JAMM  DK  LAIICET. 


1066 


ad  secret  oiroulation 
pamphlet,  eutltledf  a 
th  Aiuerloa,  from  the 
on  the  frontiers  of 
Oswego,  on  the  14«« 
In  this  publication 
,d  In  terms  of  bitterest 
yldent  on  its  liwe  that 
other  gentlemen  whdm 
otice.    Mr.  Alexander 
lodged  himself,'  being 
vain  attempt  to  provo 
luthoris  now  believed 
iger,  the  writer  of  the 
been  ascribed  to  Mr 

er  of  1760,  and  shortly 
sudden  and  unexpected 
^hich  happened  on  the 
ly,  in  that  year.'  He 
in  a  dying  condition  in 

0  be  of  the  least  service: 

1  affection  of  the  heart. 

twM  written  inHew  York.wd 
mith,  aftenrardB  Chief  Jnttloe 
Mif ,  never  permitting  either  of 
twMcareftollynailednpini 
to  be  printed.    The  pamphlets, 
tributed,  and  only  afew  of  them 
■^became  known  in  the  dty  thit 
In  Smith's  office,  and  wished 
adeavors  were  fruttleBS;  andl 
[tionarywar^whenlmetwith 

['»  Hon.  Somwl  J<»»f  ««" 
Hilt.  Soc.  Colhetioni,  p.  861. 
<he  pamphlet  xUelfU  in  Mm. 

«IM  date  of  bis  death.  DunUp 
foUowedhim.  Butthecoundl 
]thed»y,«gwetogwHhfl«nUT 


The  next  evening  the  funeral  toolc  place  with  great  pomp ;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Barclay  performed  the  solemn  services  in  Trinity 
church,  which  was  illuminated  for  the  occasion,  after  which  the 
body  was  deposited  in  the  family  vault  beneath  the  centre  aisle 
of  that  edifice.* 

The  death  of  Lieut.  Governor  De  Lancey  was  deeply  felt  and 
lamented  by  the  people  of  the  colony  as  he  was  universally 
beloved  and  highly  esteemed.    «  To  do  ample  justice,"  says  one 
of  the  newspapers  of  the  day,  "  to  this  eminent  character,  so 
suddenly  taken  from  us,  is  what  the  world  will  hardly  expect, 
or  his  distinguished   accomplishments,  indeed,  permit.     He 
eilioyeda  quick  conception,  a  deep  penetration,  a  dear  judgment 
and  a  retentive  memory.    His  natural  talents,  heightened  and 
improved  by  his  attainments  in  literature,  and  an  Intimate 
acquaintance  with  mankind,  made  him  an  agreeable  and  instruc- 
tive companion  to  those  who  were  honored  with  his  conversation } 
and  qualified  him  to  fill  the  most  important  offices  with  uncom- 
mon dignity  and  lustre.    His  genius,  provident,'  active,  fertile 
in  expedients,  and  capable  of  averting  or  improving  the  Qiost 
unexpected  occurrences,  joined  to  a  perfect  knowledge  and  esteem 
of  our  happy  constitution,  and  a  zealous  attachment  to  his  Majesty's 
illustrious  House,  rendered  him  a  most  able  and  faithful  counsellor 
of  the  Crown ;  and,  to  the  rights  and  liberties  of  the  people,  a 
cordial  and  unshaken  friend.    On  the  chief  seat  of  justice,  he 
iras,  for  capacity  and  integrity,  equalled  by  few,  exceeded  by  none. 
Patient  in  hearing,  ready  in  distinguishing,  and,  in  his  decisions 
sound  and  impartial— he  gave  such  universal  satisfaction  that 
even  the  vanquished  confessed  the  justice  of  the  sentence.    His 
promotion  to  the  Government,  at  a  season  the  most  momentous 
to  the  colony,  was  signally  advancive  of  his  Majesty's  service^ 
and  the  public  emolument.    And  by  the  confidence  of  the  people, 
reposed  in  his  superior  abilities,  they  were  induced  to  exert 
themselves  in  the  common  cause  with  the  greatest  alacrity."" 

To  this  evidence  of  the  estimation  in  which  he  was  held  at 
file  time  of  his  decease,  may  be  added  the  testimony  of  one  who 

1  See  long  accounts  of  this  funeral  in  New  York  Mercury  and  Parker's  Post 
Boy.  and  other  papers  of  the  day. 

2  Editorial  from  the  "  New  York  Mercury"  for  Aug.  4th  1760 


I 


ij 


*  '''"!_ 


10B6 


MXMOIR  or  THE 


iy.  I 


>»    *■      ■ 
/i         * 


fe^r.    ^  ^  ^ 

i^«-»        *■ 

<  J 

V 

ft 

^ 

: 
1 

l:if^ 

♦ 

4 

knew  him  rery  intimately,  both  officially,  and  hi  private,  the  lion, 
John  Watt8,  an  eminent  citizen  oi'  New  York,  and  a  member  of 
the  council  during,  and  long  after,  Lt.  Governor  De  Tiance>  's  time, 
wlio  was  the  author  of  the  following  sketch  of  his  character  and 
death,  written  in  1787,  nearly  tliirty  years  after  that  event  :> 

"  James  De  Lancey  was  a  man  of  uncommon  abilities  and  in 
every  view,  from  tlie  law  to  agriculture,  and  an  elegant,  pleasant 
companion — what  rarely  unites  in  one  person  j  it  seemed  doubt- 
I'ul  which  excelled,  his  quick  penetration  or  liis  sound  Judgment: 
the  first  seemed  an  instant  guide  to  the  last."  <<  No  man  in  either 
office,  (Cliief  Justice  or  Lieut.  Governor,)  had  more  the  love  und 
confidence  of  the  people,  nor  any  man,  before  or  since,  half  the 
influence.  He  was  unfortunately  taken  iVom  us  in  July,  1760, 
so  suddenly  that  his  very  iUmily  suspected  no  danger.  We  had 
spent.  Very  agreeably,  tlie  day  before  on  Staten  Island  ;  after  te.i 
Ht  night  he  left  my  house  perfectly  well,  in  the  morning  he  was 
as  usual,  but  about  nine  a  servant  was  dispatched  to  tell  me  his 
master  was  very  ill ;  I  mounted  instantly  and  hurried  to  his 
house,  in  Bowery  Lane,  but  on  the  way  was  alarmed  by  a  call 
<  that  all  was  over,'  and  too  true  I  found  it ;  he  sat  reclined  in 
his  c!mir,  one  leg  drawn  in,  the  other  extended,  his  arms  over 
the  elbows,  so  naturally,  that  had  I  not  been  apprized  of  it,  I 
certainly  should  have  spoken  as  I  entered  the  room.  No  body 
but  his  youngest  daughter,  a  child,  was  present  at  the  time,  so 
little  did  the  family  apprehend  the  least  danger.  Never  did 
these  eyes  behold  such  a  spectacle,  or  did  my  spirits  feel  sucl 
an  impression.  The  idea  affects  me  whenever  I  think  of  it ; 
lose  such  a  companion,  such  a  counsellor,  such  a  friend." 

Lieut.  Governor  De  Lancey  left  three  sons  and  three  daugh] 
(ers.  James,  the  eldest,  educated  at  Eton  and  Cambridge  Unij 
versity,  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  Assembly  for  man{ 
years  prior,  and  up  to  tlie  Revolution.  He  went  to  England  oij 
a  visit  in  the  spring  of  1775,  and,  the  war  commencing,  did  no 
return.  His  son,  Lieut.  Col.  James  De  Lancey,  of  the  Fir 
Dragoon  Guards,  is  the  only  male  member  of  his  family  noil 

1  The  original,  in  Mr.  Watt's  handwriting,  was  found  among  the  papers  of  hi 
daughter,  Mrs.  Leake,  and  is  now  in  the  possession  of  her  niece,  Mrs.  HeniT 
Laight  of  New  York,  Mr.  Watts'  grand  daughter. 


now.  xAMtl  at  hMtfcn. 


im 


id  in  private,  the  Hon. 

,rk,  and  a  member  of 
rnorDel*ance>'8tline, 
hof  his  character  and 
ufter  that  event :' 
)raraon  abilities  and  In 
ud  an  elegant,  pleasant 

•son  ;  It  seemed  doubt- 
or  his  sound  Judgment: 
t;»  «  No  man  In  eltlier 
,)  had  more  the  love  und 
before  or  since,  half  the 

from  us  In  July,  1760, 
ed  no  danger.  We  had 
Staten  Island  ;  after  te.i 

In  the  morning  he  was 
iispatchedtotellmehls 

ntly  and  hurried  to  his 
y  was  alarmed  by  a  call 
id  It;  he  sat  reclined  In 
extended,  his  arms  over 
lot  been  apprized  of  it,l 
red  the  room.    No  body 
5  present  at  the  time,  so 
east  danger.    Never  did 
did  my  spirits  feel  such 
heneverlthinkof  It;  to 

or,  such  a  friend." 
ee  sons  and  three  daugh- 
Iton  and  Cambridge  Unl- 
the  Assembly  for  many 
He  went  to  England  on 

war  commencing,  did  not 

De  Lancey,  of  the  First 

,ember  of  his  family  now 

L  found  among  the  paper,  of  hta 

Lion  of  her  niece,  Mr..  HemT 


Mvlng.  Stephen,  the  swond  «r>n,  whose  Intellect  was  aifrrted  by 
disease  In  his  iniUndy,  was  killed  accWentally  In  im.  ->f  the 
daughters,  Mary  married  WiHIam  WirUbn  of  Ifew  York ;  Ahm 
became  the  wife  of  the  Hon.  Thos.  Jones  (,f  Fort  Neck,  Reconler 
of  New  York,  and  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  Province;  and  Susannah  died  unmarried.  Jolin  Peter,  th« 
youngest  child  of  the  Lieut.  Governor,  was  also  educated  in 
England,  at  Harrow,  and  at  the  military  school  at  Greenwich ; 
he  entered  the  army,  served  till  1789,  when  he  threw  up  Ms 
Commission  of  Captalu,  returned  shortly  after  to  America,  and 
resided  till  his  death  in  1828,  at  his  grandfather  Heathcote's 
old  seat,  at  Mamaroneok,  Westchester  county,  of  which  he  mat 
the  proprietor.  ■ 

No  American  had  greater  Influence  in  the  colonies  than  thd 
subject  of  this  sketch.  Circumstances,  it  is  true,  aided  in  raising 
him  to  this  elevation,  such  as  education,  connections,  wealthy 
MkI  his  high  consexvative  principles ;  but  he  owed  as  much  to 
personal  qualities,  perhaps,  as  to  all  the  other  causes  united. 
Gay,  witty,  easy  of  access,  and  frank,  he  was  personally  the  most 
popular  ruler  the  Province  ever  possessed,  even  when  drawing 
tightest  the  reigns  of  government. 

It  was  this  unusual  admixture  of  thd  popular  spirit  with  that 
of  the  incumbent  of  office,  that  rendered  him  so  obnoxious  to 
(he  assaults  of  his  enemies.  There  are  fbw  instances  in  oitf 
history,  of  attempts  to  destroy  a  public  man,  such  as  those 
which  were  mad<S  by  the  enemies  of  James  De  Lancey.  When 
Sir  Danvers  Osborn  was  found  suspended  in  a  garden,  dead^  It 
was  whispered  that  he  had  come  to  his  end  through  the  ambitlob 
of  his  successor,  the  new  head  of  the  colony.*  Subsequently  it 
was  provdA  beyond  a  cavil)  that  Osborn,  borne  down  with  grief 

1  Thomas  Jamei)  the  eldest  son  of  this  gentleman,  died  a  judge  of  Westchestoi* 
eovnty,  at  the  age  of  82  ;  William  Heaihcote,  his  younger  son,  is  the  present 
Bishop  oJr  tTestern  New  Tork;  Edward  Floyd,  another  son,  died  in  early  man- 
blood.  His  ehlest  dang^t^,  ktttit  Charlotte,  niarirled  John  Loudon  McAdatai, 
immortalbied  b^  his  syMetti  of  taikittg  roads;  tb«  Second,  StaSata  Augusta,  tMf 
wife  of  the  late  J.  Feraitmorb  Cooper,  Esq.,  died  20th  Jan'y,  1862 1  and  the  two 
youngest  are  still  living  unmarried. 

2  Smith's  History  of  N«w  York;  II.,  Chap.  8. 


it 


Vol.  rv. 


67 


1058 


t:-'. 


IfEMOIB  or  THK 


A^'J-. 


4 


.*' 


'r 


^  » 


J 


J         J. 


Tf    H.- 


1' Hl^*'.l^- 


'^: 


^ .  ♦> 


'^#- 


ii 


••:»-' 


If  **-;.. 


<  (  •  ? 


V     • 


at  the  death  of  his  wife,  had  made  two  previous  attempts  a 
suicide ;  but  so  frantic  were  the  efforts  of  his  opponents,  tha 
the  unscrupulous  did  not  hesitate  covertly  to  bring  the  cliargi 
of  murder  against  their  successful  rival.  After  witliholding  hii 
commission  wrongfully  for  six  years,  they  consummated  theij 
opposition  by  hinting  at  this  atrocious  calumny. 

Religious  acrimony  greatly  heightened  the  intensity  of  th( 
hostility  to  De  Lancey.  He  and  his  associates  openly  laughed 
at  what  they  termed  "  the  sanctimonious  grimaces"  of  the  othe] 
sects,  and  possibly  were  more  careless  of  those  cutting  woundi 
inflicted  by  the  tongue,  than  was  either  right  or  prudent.  As  s 
consequence,  his  name  has  passed  into  history  under  colors  whicl] 
take  their  hue^  rather  from  the  passions  of  the  day  than  from 
the  light  of  truth.  The  head  of  the  court  party,  he  was  termed 
a  demagogue — a  gentleman,  a  scholar,  affluent,  and  of  a  peculiarly 
gay  ^nd  social  temperament,  he  is  accused  of  the  sordid  vices 
of  the  miser  and  extortioner, — delicate,  a  martyr  to  asthma,  and 
obliged  to  be  abstemious,  he  is  charged  with  low  excess — beloved 
by  all  around  hira,  he  is  denounced  as  hateful — and  approved  by 
the  ministry  in  England,  even  when  opposing  their  policy,  lie  is 
pointed  out  to  posterity  as  a  political  sycophant. 

The  near  approach  of  the  Revolution,  and  the  uncontradictec 
odium  that  the  popular  writers  of  this  country  lavished,  as 
matter  of  course,  upon  the  servants  of  the  crown,  contributec 
to  the  success  of  the  false  character  thus  given  to  Lieut.  Gov 
ernor  De  Lancey.  The  representations  of  defeated  opponent 
liave  been  received  for  historic  truth,  and  an  almost  villag 
littleness  of  gossip  accepted  for  an  analysis  of  character. 

James  De  Lancey  was  the  fourth,  and  last,  native  of  Ne\ 
York  that  administered  the  affairs  of  that  colony.  He  correi 
ponded  personally,  as  well  as  officially,  with  Pitt,  afterward 
Earl  of  Chatham,  during  the  critical  period  of  the  war  of  175( 
At  his  death,  liis  sister.  Lady  Warren,  applied  to  that  statesma 
to  put  her  yougest  brother,  Oliver  De  Lancey,  in  the  office  lie  ha 
filled  ;  but  finding  the  minister  turning  a  cold  ear  to  lier  appl 
cation,  she  cried  with  warmth,  "  I  hope,  Mr.  Pitt,  you  have  ha 
reason  to  be  satisfied  with  the  brother  I  have  lost."  "  Madam 
was  the  answer,  "had  your  brother  James  liv ud  in  England, 


HON.  JAMES  DB  LAKCEY. 


105» 


would  have  been  one  of  the  first  men  in  it." »  The  great  fault 
of  his  character  was  indolence.  He  read  but  did  not  like  to 
write.  So  far  from  being  avaricious  or  grasping,  he  even  loved 
his  ease  more  than  he  loved  money.  One  of  the  sources  of  profit 
to  the  colonial  Government  was  the  fees  payable  upon  the  sign- 
ing of  land  patents.  At  the  death  of  Lieut.  Governor  De  Lancey , 
it  is  said  that  so  many  of  these  patents  awaited  his  approval| 
that  the  signing  them  gave  a  large  sum  at  once  to  his  successor, 
Mr.  Colden.      .  tja  .irA.-ji' 

1  This  remark  was  mentioned  by  Lady  Warren  to  the  Lt.  Governor's  yonngcik 
«on,  John  Peter  De  Lancey,  by  whom  the  anecdote  was  related  to  his  son  aad 
son-in-law,  Bishop  De  Lancey,  and  J.  Fennhnore  Cooper,  Esq.  ,■  ^ 


JplJ  .n,- 


MISCELLANIES     J  "  '    - ■ -  ^ 


Thi  Fibst  Ghvboh  ih  New  Nkthkhlahd.— It  is  stated  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Prime,  in  his  History  of  Long  Island,  132,  that  the  church  erected  at  Southold 
and  that  at  Southampton,  "were  the  first  sanctuaries  erected  for  the  worship 
of  the  Living  God,  within  the  entire  province  of  the  New  Netherlands."  This  is 
entirely  a  mistake.  The  earliest  of  these  buildings  does  not  date  f\irther  back 
than  1640,  whilst  it  is  on  record  in  the  Secretary  of  State's  office,  that  Director 
Van  Twiller  caused  a  church  to  be  erected  in  New  Amsterdam,  now  New  York, 
as  early  as  the  year  1633.  --»  .    :~-  <   , 

Chbisthas  on  the  Mohawk  River  in  1769. — The  manner  in  wch.  ye  ppl.  in 
yse  parts  keep  Xmas  day  in  commemor'g  of  the  Birth  of  ye  Saviour,  as  ya 
pretend  is  very  afEbct'g  and  strik'g.  They  generally  assemble  for  read'g  prayers, 
or  Divine  service — ^but  after,  they  cat  drink  and  make  merry.  They  allow  of  no 
work  or  servile  labour  on  ys  day  and  ye  foUow'g— their  servants  are  free — but 
drink'g  swear'g  fight'g  and  frolic'g  are  not  only  allowed,  but  seem  to  be  essential 
to  ye  joy  of  ye  day. — Rev.  S.  Kirkland't  Journal.  .. '   ..  d     /j'\.i     '•  <  = 

The  fibst  Episoopal  Ghoboh  in  Pouohkeefsib  was  erected  in  1774.  It  was 
a  very  handsome  stone  building  flfty-three  ftet  by  forty.  Rev.  John  Beardaley 
hsi,  however,  been  a  missionary  at  that  place  for  several  years  previous.  Tliis 
gentleman  adhered  to  the  Grown  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution ;  was 
appointed  Chaplain  to  the  Loyal  American  Reg't  in  1782,  and  in  1783  emigrated 
with  his  family  to  New  Brunswick  and  settled  at  a  place  called  Maugervillo, 
where  he  died. 

4  Apl.  1763 — The  mail  was  sent  for  the  first  time  to  Schenectady.— Sir  Wm. 
MntonU  MSS. 

July,  1772.— The  mail  to  be  sent  weekly  from  N.  York  to  Albany  up  one  side 
of  the  River  and  down  the  other,  for  which  an  extra  £100  is  to  be  allowed. — B. 


li'  I 


Hi 


loeo 


JOBCVLLJSXttSB, 


.OH 


i  iSi 


ri"  ': 


1. 


STTJfjj 


LisKAsr  o»  Sn»  Hkvbt  Moodt,  Bab*,  ovb  ot  WvMM'PlttMrMtB  oi^tanr 
TowM  0*  GtATssBim,  L.  I.-^athologas  ooaUning  tbe  nupet  of  mob  bo«hi  tm 
Sir.  Henry  Moedie  had  kft  fai  security  in  handti  of  Daniel  LittobA  waa  hy  wast 
for  Virginia: 
A  latyn  Bible  ih  fdlfo. 

A  writtea  book  in  Iblia  ooatlninf  pf itatt  matters*  of  Stattf. 
A  writteneth  book  in  foUo  oontining  private  mattflcs  of  the  KlngL  «   .;,- 

Seventeen  several  books  of  devinite  nutten. 
A  dictionarias  Latin  and  English. 
Sixteen  several  Istln  and  Italian  bookx  at  diver*  matters. 
A  book  in  folio  contining  the  voage  of  Ferdinant  Mendoz,  &e. 
A  book  in  folio  kaileth  Sylva  Sylvaram. 
A  b«ok  to  qoai*!)  MM  bartas*  dx  days  worck  of  the  lord  and'  ttiittlat  ja 

SagHiA  by  Jesaafi  Syltest^. 
A  book  in  quarto  kaileth  the  Snmme  and  Snbstans  of  the  CovUbretice  which  it 

pleased  his  Excellent  Majsti  to  have  Trith  the  lords  bishops  &c.  at  Hampton 

Court  contracteth  by  Willia'ii  Barlow. 
A  book  in  quarto  kaileth  E(*'jlesiastica  Interpretation  or  the  Expositions  upon  the 

difficult  and  doubtful  passage  of  the  Seven  Epistt^  wallet  Catholique  and  the 

Bevalation  coilecteth  by  John  Mayer.  * ''^■'     " 

Elleven  several  bookx  moore  of  divers  substants. 

The  Yeriflbation  of  his  ftthers  Knights  ordter  given  by  King  Jkmes.— •JVb/sno/ 
Reg.  of  Solonlati  Lachdire  K.  P.  of  Ntw  jSnuterdam,  Snno  1661. 

N.  T.  LiBBARiEs  Dbstbotbd. — A  very  fine  Library,  left  fifty  years  ago  by  tk« 
Rev.  Dr.  Millington  for  the  use  of  the  Missionaries,  consisting  of  above  1,000 
volumes,  together  with  the  College  Library  and  their  philosophical  apparatus, 
and  another  library  belonging  to  the  inliabitants,  were  plundered,  sold  and  dis> 
persed  by  the  British  soldiers  when  they  took  possession  of  New  York.— ii4(«(rac( 
of  the  Soe.for  Prop,  the  Qosp.  1779.    ' 

GsasBAt  Fbasbb.— -Many  enquiries  have  oeen  made  for  the  christian  name 
of  General  Fraser,  who  was  killed  at  the  Battle  of  Stillwater,  7th  October,  1777. 
Jesse,  (Mem.  of  the  Pretenders  I. ;  127,)  and  others  confound  him  with  a  sea 
of  Lord  Lovat,  who  was  beheaded  for  joining  the  pretender,  and  who  died  ia 
1782.  Beatson,  to  his  Political  Index  II.;  150-1,  contains  a  list  of  Colonels 
in  the  Army  who,  "  at  different  periods,  served  as  Brigadier  Generals  in  North 
America  and  the  West  Indies  since  the  commencement  of  the  war  in  1776,"  and 
OB  p.  161  is  the  name  of  "  Smoir  Fbasbb.  Died  ot  the  wounds  received  at  ths 
battle  of  Stillwater."  H«  was  grand  uncle  to  the  celebrated  Sir  James  Mackin*^ 
tosh.  Dodsley's  Annual  Reg.,  1780,  pp.  218-19,  contains  an  abstract  of  ths 
cause  of  Mr.  Schreiber,  pltff.,  agatost  Mrs.  Fraaer,  widow  of  the  late  Gen'l  Fraser, 
who  died  at  Saratoga,  deft.,  for  damages  on  a  breach  of  promise  of  marriage. 
Verdict  for  pltff.  £600  damages  and  c^ts.  We  are  indebted  to  Dr.  Harris,  ths 
polite  Librarian  of  Harvard  College,  and  to  other  correspondents,  for  many 
toteresting  particulars  of  the  Fraser  family;  but  want  of  space  excludes  them  at 


present. 


.•'(A  .  »  fioT 


4',*..-  I'S'rfwMft  «'?„<.■■.?  ;.«  m.f\S  fTK»>,M 


i)  ^i'i-y.f  i,t\vt  -f'-'  Hfijs^  ■  <iT  •-/■;•'' 


'MM'  PktMnMi  oi»nnr 
jiid  UUrabA  w«  hy  wral 


MM. 

rtheSlngi 


ten. 


'*;■,; 


doa,&c.        .m^iW'.iA 
r  the  lord  Slid'  tMUtttet  Ib 

of  the  Oooftrence  which  it 
is  bishops  &c.  at  Hamptoo 

tr  the  Expositions  upon  the 
B  c«llet  Catholique  and  the 


by  Kihg  Jkmes.—lfbtarial 
i,  Jnno  1661. 

r,  left  fifty  years  ago  by  the 
,  consisting  of  above  1,000 
iit  philosophical  apparatus, 
sre  plundered,  sold  and  dii^ 
ion  of  New  York. — Mitraet 

lade  for  the  christian  name 
tillwater,  7th  October,  1777. 
confound  him  with  a  sen 
pretender,  and  who  died  is 
contains  a  list  of  Colonels 
brigadier  Generals  in  Korth 
int  of  the  war  in  1776,"  and 
the  wounds  receired  at  the 
lebrated  Sir  James  MackitK 
contains  an  abstract  of  the 
low  of  the  late  Gen'l  Fraser, 
tch  of  promise  of  marriage, 
indebted  to  Dr.  Birris,  the 
r  correspondents,  for  mai^ 
tt  of  space  excludes  them  at 


XVI. 


MEMOIR 


OF  THE 


Hon.  JAMES  DUANE, 


JUDGE  OP  THE  DISTRICT  COURT  OP  THE  UNITED 


STATES 


It)R 


NEW  YORK. 


OT 


Hon.  Samuel  W.  Jones. 


■  Jurii  .'>  l"ti  ;' 


'!'«, 


H  f 


\V:-:4- 


/ 


fVX 


5uoMa:M 


<  r 


r     « 


ail    -I' 


a^AUd  c'HMAl,  .wH 


f?:^;!? iiaTiV!!! aiiT k? T!i<i(i:^ ■irtiHi^w  uirr'*) :i!v 


J'". 


.  M  a  < )  /  w  3  >i; 


'M 


k  \ 


?  ■^  /  (> 


.5  :■  a,  i/?  A  y  .  vt  o 


}j 


11    i-    f': 


lit,  •  0, 


ift 


L^'f 


f  ■, 


.1    ,    .    '   *.,a- 


3^t&  1^  ){«n(a«c 


^!.,.r..-  '-^■ 


tm-1 


M 


kh  ,^<>.H 


^..,,^m'^ut'^o:i^'^- 


TVl. 


a  \v'o  ti  \ 


fiT 


SKETCH  OF  THE  LIFE  OF  THE  HON.  JAMES  DUANE.  « 


vri  frfiu'  hh.Kia  'ni  : 


The  subject  of  tliis  sketch— a  prominent  and  patriotic  son  of 
New  York— was  held  in  high  estimation  in  his  day,  and  was  for 
near  forty  years  actively  engaged  in  the  most  important  affairs 
of  his  country.  He  obtained  the  confidence  of  men  of  business 
in  very  early  life,  and  of  the  people  of  New  York  as  soon  as 
they  required  able  and  fearless  agents  to  carry  on  the  controversy 
with  the  mother  country,  and  retained  it  not  only  in  the  outbreak 
and  vicissitudes  of  the  Revolution,  but  in  the  period  of  discon- 
tent and  uneasiness  which  followed  the  acknowledgment  of  our 
independence  by  Great  Britain,  and  until  his  voluntary  retire- 
ment from  public  life,  several  years  after  the  adoption  of  the 
present  Constitution  of  the  United  States.  His  history  teaches  that » 
it  was  not  by  shrinking  from  responsibility  that  he  retained  his 
high  standing,  for  he  is  always  found  a  prominent  actor  when- 
ever engaged  in  business  with  others,  and  in  every  body  or  party 
of  wliich  he  was  a  member. 

James  Duane  was  born  in  the  city  of  New  York  on  6th 
February,  1732-3.  He  was  the  third  son  of  Anthony  Duane,  a 
gentleman  from  Cong,  in  the  county  of  Galway,  Irehind,  who, 
having  when  very  young  been  a  purser  in  the  British  Navy  on 
the  New  York  station,  resigned  his  situation  and  returned  to  the 
city  of  New  York,  where  he  spent  the  rest  of  his  life  as  a  mer- 
chant, and  where  he  died  on  the  14th  August,  1747.  The  mother 
of  James  Dualie  was  Altea  Kettletas,  his  father's  second  wife,  and 
daughter  of  Abraham  Kettletas,  one  of  tlie  most  considerable  mer- 
chants,and  long  an  Alderman, of  the  city  of  New  York.  She  died 
when  he  was  only  three  years  old,  and  in  May,  1741,  his  father 
married  a  tliird  wife,  the  widow  of  Thomas  Lynch,  whose  maiden 


(  t 


1064 


MEMOIR  OF  THK 


f^'«. 


« 


i  f 
*, 


W-   ) 


,      •    ♦       4  "  -•  .■ 
\V-i&^\*  aid       '■'     ' 


name  was  Riker,  of  Flashing,  L.I.  This  lady  survived  her  husba 
until  1775,  and  seems  to  have  so  treated  his  children  that  th 
felt  for  her  all  the  affection  of  a  real  mother.  Anthony  Dua 
held  no  office  in  this  country,  but  must  have  had  consideral 
influence  as  he  procured  appointments  in  the  British  Navy  j 
two  of  his  sons,  one  of  whom  (Richard)  died  at  Kingston,  Jamaii 
in  1740,  a  midshipman,  and  another,  named  Abraham,  died 
sea  in  17©7,  a  post  captain,     i  uu  ii  iLi  .i  jl  t  V'i  u  nan  \ 

Where  James  Duane  received  his  education,  does  not  appei 

He  had  a  knowledge  of  Latin,  which  he  might  have  received  frc 

|he  Rev.  Mr.  CharltoU}  one  of  the  Executors  to  his  father's  wj 

who  instructed  some  pupils  in  the  classic^.    The  profession 

the  law  being  selected  as  his  future  occupation,  he  entered  t 

Q0ce  of  James  Alexander,  one  of  the  most  eminent  couiu 

.of  our  colonial  bar  and  the  father  of  the  American  Generi 

Xord  Stirling.    He  was  admitted  a^  attorney  pf  the  Supr<ei 

jCourt  3d  August,  1754,  and,  as  his  law  register  and  papers  sho 

was  soon  entrusted  with  a  large  professional  business.    I 

l^^taUied  his  clients  so  long  as  he  continued  a  practising  lawy( 

William  Kemp,  the  then  Attorney  General,  gave  him  in  abo 

^two  years  after  his  admission  as  an  attorney,  a  warrant  to  act  i 

JtUm  in  crown  causes,  and  he  officiated  under  it  in  several  coi 

.Hes.    This  warrant  he  returned  28th  April,  1757,  wlien 

Reclined  to  act  any  longer  under  it,  on  account  of  "  tlie  ba 

^rms  of  exacting  half  the  law  fees"  ;for  the  services  render] 

This  circumstance  shows  the  confidence  of  tli;e  yojing  lawyer 

j^t  along  without  official  patronage.        . 

On  the  21  st  October,  1 759,  Mr.  Buane  marriea  aary ,  tne  e^c 
daughter  of  Col.  Robert  Livingston,  then  proprietor  of  Livir 
ton's  Manor.  This  marriage  tended  to  give  a  direction  to 
studies  and  practice,  and  caused  liim  to  become  actively  engaj 
in  all  tlie  lawsuits  and  discussions  relative  to  the  boundaj 
of  our  then  colony. 

As  early  as  1753,  the  Massaclmsetts  people  had  intruded 
and  laid  claim  to  the  eastern  part  of   both  Livingston's 
Rensselaer's  Manors,  and  notwithstanding  tlie  efforts  of 
Governors,  of  Legislative  commissioners,  and  even  of  the  H| 
Government,  no   satisfactory  settlement   of   these  intru^ 


w-  ^^m  mfNE. 


1065 


iy  survived  her  husband 
\  his  children  that  they 
other.  Anthony  Duane 
t  have  had  considerable 
in  the  British  Navy  for 
ied  at  Kingston,  Jamaica, 
aamed  Abraham,  died  at 
1,.V  .lilt  -i-"  1 
ucatlon,  does  not  appear, 
might  have  received  from 
cutors  to  his  father's  will, 
^sic^.  Theprqfes^onqf 
iccupatlon,  he  entered  the 
he  most  eminent  counsel 
)f  the  American  General, 
attorney  pf  the  Supr^ny) 
IT  register  and  papers  show, 
professiofial  business.  He 
tlmied  a  practising  lawyer, 
teneral,  gave  him  in  about 
torney,  a  warrant  to  act  for  , 
a  under  it  in  several  coun- 
Jth  April,  1757,  when  he 
,on  account  of  "the  bard 
)  |br  the  services  rendere.d. 
^cfi  of  the  yojing  lawyer  to 

inem»rrieQ  aary,tnee,ae8t 
then  proprietor  of  Livings- 
.d  to  give  a  direction  to  his 
to  become  actively  engaged 

relative  to  the  boundaries 

>tts  people  had  intruded  on 
t  of  both  Livingston's  nvi 
standing  the  efforts  of  our 
,ners,  and  even  of  the  Home 
ment   of   these  Intrusions 


bad  been  b^^  n^^.    ^)^e  ^1^9,^  f^  ih^  1$^^  Hampshire 
men,  upon  tbe  I^ew  Yorjc  ;tef4t9ry,  x^pwYeffli^Qnt,, stimulated  by 
the  avarice  of  Gov.  Wentworth  for  patent  fees  had  commenced 
Ht  a  still  earjjer  perf9d,,^d  hf^  a|^^^^y  j^^^tted  it  with  what 
wpre  polled  1^p\y  ^amp^h^re  gr^ts.    :^p%p  hia  marriage,  Mr. 
Duane  jia.d  >e^fi  tp  po^^p  ^J^^x  emjpjpypd  m  examining  the 
rights  of  Jfeivr  Jqi^  in  r^fqfpn<;e  ,tQ  ;|^^  c^st^m  boundary  line, 
an4  from  tl^^t  tiipe  to  )hp  ^^al  ^pflaRfp^ise  yv^th  Massachusetti 
in  1786,  he  becan^e  tl^e,m99t  pc^ye^dvoc^t^and  dUigent  and 
a|)]e  expositor  of  her  t^i;ritqr|^l  i;iglxt^,^4  jurisdiction.    Jn  the 
private  suits  depending  pn  tl^^^p  questipj^  between  owners  of 
lands  ^long  the  ]\ms  of  Coaflpcticut,  Massachusetts  and  Now 
Jersey  J  in  the  disQUSsior?s  >et^peii  ,^l^esp  colonies  pnd  New  Yoikj 
in  the  controversies  bejt.wpqi  J^ftv  Yorjcand  the  claimants  9f 
lands  along  L^eChamplaifl  ipi^^f  ^e  French  grants,  ami  in  the 
final  settlement  of  th^^  >m\W  >  ^as  always  Cfnployed  |U 
attorney,  counsel,  or  pofliipjssJqper,,ftpd  alw:^ys  on  belialf  of  t^ 
rights  of  his  native  State.    I^  tlie  disputes  relative  to  the  New 
Hampshire  grai^ts,  hp  yfas  coo^id^i^d^^  tlie  lifp  and  soul  of , the 
New  York  plaim  ^pd  claip^ants,  jand  at  him  was  aimed  most  of 
the  coarse  wit  ^ixd  ^bi^se  ,yvhich  tl^  Verraonters  showered  so 
bountifully  upon  ^11  ,tl^eir  oppqneijts.    pp  conducted  much 
of  the  correspondencie  wit^  tlie  agents  of  our  colony  in  England, 
while  the  above  disputes  were  pending  before  the  ^.ing  in  coun- 
cil, or  the  Board  of  Trade,  drew  several  of  the  reports  made  to 
the  Qeneral  ^sseipbly  by  its  committers,  ap^d  t|)p  elaborajljB  "  State 
of  the  Rights  of  New  Y.qrk,"  published  by  its  or4er,  and  a  most 
comprehensive  but  concise  summary  of  the  questions  then  agitated 
and  about  to  be  transferred  to  England  lur  decision  between  New 
York  and  all  her  neighbors,  in  a  letter  to  tlie  celebrated  Edmund 
Burije,  wlio  w'as  tlien  her  agent.    Dui-ing  tjje  Revolution,  when 
the  dispute  relative  to  "  the  grants"  was  agitated  before  Congress, 
as  it  was  for  several  years,  he  was  tJie  main  reliance  of  New 
York,  and,  altliough  at  times  a  most  difficult  tusk,  he  suc- 
t^eded  in  preventing  that  body  from  yielding  to  tijc  poweiful 
induence  of  the  Eastern  States,  all  of  whom  took  part  with 
"the  Green  Mountain  boys;"  and  New  York  from  vindicating 
her  rights  by  force  when  irritated  by  some  supposed  concession 


Ij 


H     ^ 


1066 


MKICOIR  OF  TBS 


/  'S'§ 


.  *'' 


••-if  . .  V    *i  • 

4.    .'      "''^    '   . 


made  to  "the  revolters,"  or  at  some  delayed  decision  which  h 
authorities  insisted  ought  to  have  been  made  at  once  in  h 
ftvor. 

The  standing  Mr.  Duane  had  acquired  in  his  profession  befo 
the  Revolution,  caused  him  to  be  retained  in  most  of  the  sui 
wliich,  on  account  of  the  principle  involved  in  them,  interest( 
large  masses  of  the  people  both  in  New  York  and  New  Jerse 
Among  these  may  be  mentioned  in  the  latter  colony,  that  again 
the  proprietors  of  East  Jersey,  and  that  between  the  partners  i 
the  Copper  mine  Company ;  in  our  own  colony,  Trinity  Churc 
(New  Rochell)  against  Flandreau  and  others;  Sir  James  J« 
against  King's  College;  Schermerhorn  against  the  Trustees ( 
Schenectady  Patent ;  the  King,  on  the  information  of  the  Atto 
ney  General,  against  Lt.  Governor  Colden.    In  this  last  suit  \ 
was  employed  for  the  defendant,  and  the  Lt.  Governor  express 
much  obligation  to  him  for  undertaking  his  cause  after  otlH 
counsel  had  declined,  through  fear  of  Governor  Monck ton's  dii 
pleasure,  tor  the  latter  was  in  reality  the  plaintiff  as  well  as  tt: 
Judge,  the  suit  being  for  fees  and  before  the  Governor  as  Chai 
cellor.    He  was  also  the  attorney  and  counsel  of  Trinity  Cliurc 
New  York,  in  the  suits  against  the  intruders  on  that  part  of  the 
property  called  the  King's  Farm,  so  noted  in  the  revived  clain 
of  the  numerous  descendants  of  Aneke  Janse.    His  briefs  ai 
written  arguments  in  sucli  cases  show  a  depth  of  legal  learnii 
that  would  not  disparage  him  in  comparison  with  the  mc 
distinguished  members  of  tlie  modern  bar.    In  the  case  of  F( 
sey  vs.  Cunningham,  he  was  consulted  and  gave  his  opini 
against  Lt.  Governor  Colden's  construction  of  his  commissi 
and  instructions.    Colden  was  then  administering  the  Govei 
ment,  and  Mr.  Duane  was  no  more  biassed  by  that  circurastar 
than  he  was  in  Colden's  own  case,  when  Monckton  was  Govern' 
In  both  cases  we  see  that  fearlessness  of  governmental  authori 
which,  a  few  years  later,  led  him  to  risk  his  life  and  estate  in 
war  for  our  Independence. 

In  the  various  contests  for  seats  in  the  Colonial  Assera 
which  took  place  after  each  general  election,  Mr.  Duane 
very  frequently  employed  by  one  party  or  the  other.    In 
noted  case  between  John  Morrin  Scott  and  James  Jauncey 


1'  * 


HOK.  JAMU  duamk. 


1067 


lyed  decision  which  her 
1  made  at  once  in  her 

i  in  hi8  profession  before 
ned  In  most  of  the  suits 
)lved  In  them,  Interested 
V  York  and  New  Jersey, 
latter  colony,  that  against 
t  between  the  partners  In 
n  colony,  Trinity  Church 
i  others ;  Sir  James  Jay 
L  against  the  Trustees  of 
information  of  the  Attor- 
iden.    In  this  last  suit  he 
iie  Lt.  Governor  expressed 
:lng  his  cause  after  other 
Governor  Monckton's  dis- 
the  plaintiff  as  well  as  the 
pre  the  Governor  as  Chan- 
counsel  of  Trinity  Church, 
•uders  on  that  part  of  their 
loted  In  the  revived  claims 
>ke  Janse.     His  briefs  and 
,  a  depth  of  legal  learning 
soraparlson  with  the  most 
In  bar.    In  the  case  of  For- 
ited  and  gave  his  opinion 
auction  of  his  commission 
.administering  the  Govern- 
iassed  by  that  circumstance 
in  Monckton  was  Governor, 
of  governmental  authority, 
isk  his  life  and  estate  la  the 

in  the  Colonial  Assembly 
ll  election,  Mr.  Duane  was 
barty  or  the  other.  In  the 
Lttand  James  Jauncey,in 


1768,  Mr.  Duane  was  employed  by  Jauneey,  and  successfUlIv 
defended  him. 

The  election  on  this  occasion  had  not  been  entirely  contested 
on  political  grounds  j  it  was  to  some  extent  a  church  contro- 
versy, and  Mr.  Duane  sided  with  Jauncey,  the  church  candidate, 
although  his  wife's  family  and  many  of  his  best  friends  were 
against  him.  The  part  he  took  against  Mr.  Scott  on  this 
occasion  rendered  them  cool  towards  each  other  until  some 
time  after  the  commencement  of  the  revolution,  in  which  they 
both  engaged,  and  during  which  they  appear  by  their  corres- 
pondence to  have  become  good  friends. 

The  only  office  Mr.  Duane  held,  prior  to  the  revolution,  was 
that  of  clerk  in  chancery,  given  to  him  by  Lt".  Governor  Colden, 
April  20th,  1762.  He  officiated,  however,  for  John  Tabor 
Kempe,  the  Attorney-General,  in  1767,  when  the  latter  went  to 
England,  but  appears  to  have  done  it  more  from  friendship  to 
the  incumbent  than  emolument.  His  father  had  left  to  him  and 
his  three  brothers,  among  other  property,  about  six  thousand 
acres  of  wild  land  in  the  present  town  of  Duanesburgh.  By  the 
death  of  two  of  his  brothers,  and  by  purchase  from  the  third 
and  by  other  purchases,  he  subsequently  became  owner  of 
nearly  the  whole  of  that  township  then  also  wild.  In  1765, 
before  his  purchases  were  all  made,  after  some  previous  feeble 
efforts,  he  commenced  active  measures  for  its  settlement.  Finding 
the  New  Yorkers  prejudiced  against  the  country  by  the  represen- 
tations of  Sir  William  Johnson's  agents,  and  perhaps  by  himself, 
who  was  settling  land  also,  Mr.  Duane  entered  in  March,  1765, 
into  contract  with  a  company  of  twenty  Germans  from  Pennsylva- 
nia, of  whom  about  sixteen  came  on  the  tract,  and  they  made  the 
first  permanent  settlement  in  tliat  now  flourishing  town. 

On  the  13th  of  March  of  the  same  year,  lie  had  procured  the 
erection  of  these  lands  into  a  township,  called  Duanesburgh, 
with  tlie  usual  privileges  to  the  inhabitants  of  choosing  town 
officers  and  making  town  laws.  * 

Tlie  King  in  council  having  decided  in  1764,  that  the  terri- 
tory, now  called  Vermont,  was  part  of  the  colony  of  New-York, 
Mr.  Duane  in  August,  1765,  made  his  first  purchase  in  that 
district,  and  in  about  two  years  had  extended  these  purchases  to 


i  ■ 


■\ 


doee 


MVMOm  OF  THS 


t 

"5.^      .     .. 


% 


m' 


*..  M 


1 


It  * ' 


-  e™*^ 


ij 


about  sixty-fotir  thoiuaod  ^flerei)  wlUoh  40f  t  him  upwards  c 
eight  thousand  dollars,  and  subsequently  large  additional  sums  f< 
tBttr¥eyor8'£ees«nd  other  expenses,  of  wJtioh  neitlier  he  nor  h 
J\eirs  obtained  anything  buit<^e  snail  idividl«nd  of  the  $30,001 
which  Vermont  «gi«ed  to  i  pay  when  New  ¥oi!k  signed  o£f  tii 
rights  of  her  eititfenB.  The  bargain  w«s  made  by  our  politiciat 
•to  obtain  a  new.  state  to  overbalance  southern  influence,  and  i 
rthis  paramount  *QbJect  with  .them,  compensation  to  the  compan 
tively  few  landholders  «mong  her  citizens  was  almost  entire! 
overlooked.      \  •j..H|.ii;  , 

The  professio  al  busineiss  of  Mr.  Dnane,  the  boundary  con 
•missions  with  the'  neighboiring  colonies  in  which  he  was  employee 
the  settlement  of  Duanesburgh,  and  the  Vermont  oontroversj 
devolved  upon  him  an  amount  of  business  which  naught  but  a 
.iron  constitution  could  stand,  aad' would  seem  to  preclude  h)i 
from  engaging  in  the  ecelesiaatioal  -and  political  disputes  thi 
•agitated  the  colonists  of  JMiow  ISork.  We  find  him,  howevei 
(taking  an  active  part  on  tboiside  of  the  ohuroh  in  the  effort  1 
obtain  bishopsto  be  ^sent  ito  America,  rand  in  the  dilutes  aboi 
'taxation  by  authority  of  parliament  «lone,  when  such  authorii 
•was  first  exercised.  He  was  a  decided  churchmaQ,  b jl,  Like  b 
friends  Jay  and  Chancellor  Livingston,  he  was  /a  strenuot 
advocate  both  for  civiland  religioiu liberty. 

When  faithful  and  skilful  ^ents  were  sought  for  in  1774, 
device  means  rto  .regain  those  rights  which  England  had  grosa 
lnfrii^;ed,'and  to  secure  them  from  future  violation,  Mr.  Duai 
was  naturally  one  of  the  earliest  selected.    He  was  a  memb 
of  most  of  the  committees  in  the  city  of  New  York,  raised 
devise  plans  of  opposing  the  British  encroachments,  and  wh 
the  general  Congress  of  1774,  was  determined  upon,  and  t 
Colonial  Assembly  had  refused  to  appoint  any  delegates  to  a 
Mr.  D.  was  elected  by  the  people  not  only  of  that  city,  but 
several  counties.    TheCoi^ress  was  to  meet  in  Philadelphia 
the  5th  of  September;  the  election  in  New  York  had  tak 
place  some  time 'before,  tod  the  members  elected  were  inquii 
after  by  others,  who  had  Embarked  >in  the  American  cause,  w 
at  least  the'samecuriusity  aiidiifttere8tias<is>&ltbyithe  pollticii 


M.' 


'4    »!-• 


■  .0 


p, 


«oit  him  npw&Tds  of 
irge  additional  8UID8  for 
,ioh  neither  he  nor  his 
,vld«nd  of  th«  #30,000, 
Bw  Yoik  signed  off  the 
made  by  our  politicians 
tbern  influence,  and  in 
jnsatlon  to  the  comparar 
ens  was  almost  entirely 

lane,  the  boundary  oom- 
awhichhevrasemployed, 
lie  Vermont  controversy, 
iei8  which  oaught  but  aa 
lid  seem  to  preclude  him 
id  polUioal  disputes  that 
yfie  find  him,  however, 
li©  church  in  the  effort  to 
,aud  in  the  disputes  about 

lone,  when  such  authority 
ohurobman,bJL,lJkebi8 
on,  he  was  .a  strenuous 

liberty. 

fere  sought  for  in  1774,  to 

Ihich  England  had  grossly 
ature  violation,  Mr.  Duaae 

fcted.    He  wasamembCT 
ity  of  New  York,  raised  to 

encroachments,  and  when 
determined  upon,  and  the 
.point  any  delegates  to  act, 
t  only  of  that  city,  but  of 

tomeetinPhUadelphlaon 
in  New  York  had  taken 
ibers  elected  were  inquired 
arthe  American  cause,  witu 
ttias48«by*the  politicians 


HOM.   JAMIS  DUAMB. 


lOMi 


of  the  present  day,  in  regard  to  the  members  of  a  presidential' 
convention. 

Tiie  Massachusetts  members  of  Congresi  started  early  from 
their  homes  and  arrived>  at  New- York  belw©  Mr.  Duane  and  his 
colleagues  iwui  set  out.    We  have,  therefore,  some  notices  of  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  in  the  journal  of  John  Adams,  recently  pub-. 
lished  from  which  U  is  apparent  that  Mr.  Duane  was  the  most 
prominent  man  in  the  New-York  delegation  ;  that  Mr.  Adams' 
attention  was  especially  directed  to  him  and  that  he  was  viewed 
with  some  distrust.    To  those  who  know  his  previous  history, 
his  constant  employment  in  the  suits  and  controversies  against 
our  eastern  neighbors,  and  that  the  Massachusetts  delegates 
fell  at  once  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  Scott,  cooled  towards  Mr. 
Duane  by  the  election  contest  above  noted,  the  early  observa- 
tions made  by  Mr.  Adams  are  no  matter  of  wonder.    It  is 
pleasing,  however,  to  find  that  the  mutual  services  of  tiiese  patri- 
ots in  the  cause  of  their  country,  wore  off  the  prej.udioes  of  Mr. 
Adams  from  whatever  source  derived.  , 

Mr.  Duane  set  out  for  the  Congress  of  1774  on  the  31st  of 
August,  accompanied  from  his  house  to  the  foot  of  Broad  street, 
(wheoiBe  he  took  the  ferry  boat)  by  a  great  procession,  with 
music  playing  and  colors  flying*  On  arriving  at  the  Exchange, 
then  in  that  street,  the  procession  halted  and  he  addressed  the 
citizens.  He  was  present  on  the  5th  September,  the  very  day 
appointed  for  the  meeting  of  the  Congress.  The  members  assem- 
bled at  Smith's  Tavern,  and  as  the  Speaker  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Assembly  had  offered  the  use  of  the  State  House,  and  the 
Carpenters  their  Hall,  it  was  agreed  to  view  both.  Carpenters' 
Hall  was  the  first  visited,  and  Mr.  Lynch  moved  that  it  sliould 
be  fixed  on  as  their  place  of  meeting  without  further  inquiry. 
Mr.  Duane  objected  to  adopting  this  resolution  until  t})ey  had  at 
least  viewed  the  State  House ;  as  it  had  been  offered  by  the 
Speaker,  it  was  but  respectful  to  him  to  inquire  whether  it  was 
not  equally  convenient  as  the  Hall,  and  if  it  were,  it  ought  to 
be  preferred  as  it  was  a  Provincial,  instead  of  a  private,  house. 
The  resolution,  however,  was  carried  to  hold  their  meetings  in 
Carpenters'  Hall.  This  little  incident  displays  the  superiority, 
I  ^th  hi  sagacity  and  habitual  propriety  of  perception  of  the 


n 


,1 


1070 


MmOIR  Of  THI      ' 


K^i  r      ' 


K: 


-.i^^ 


h  ^"' 


New  Tork  gentlfman  of  that  day  over  the  impulsive  southenie 
and  even  over  a  well  bred  Bostonian  ;  for  although  Mr.  Adnn 
notices  the  debate,  he  seems  insensible  to  the  influence  whic 
dictated  opposition  to  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Lynch. 

The  members  organized  at  once,  voted  that  their  body  should  b 
styled  <<  the  Congress ;"  their  presiding  officer  "  tlie  President  j 
and  their  clerk  <'  the  Secretary  of  the  Congress ;"  and  aft( 
some  debate  as  to  rules,  adjourned  to  the  next  day.    On  the  6t 
September  arose  the  debate  as  to  the  manner  of  voting  and  whf 
weight  each  Colony  should  have  in  the  determination.    Patric 
Henry  of  Virginia,  argued  that  by  the  oppression  of  ParliameE 
all  government  was  dissolved  and  -  that  we  were  reduced  to 
state  of  nature — that  there  was  no  longer  any  such  distinction  a 
colonies— that  he  conceived  himself  not  a  Virginian  but  an  Arat 
rican — that  one  of  the  greatest  mischiefs  to  society  was  an  unequx 
representation — that  there  might  be,  and  probably  would  be  furthe 
oocHsions  for  a  Congress,  and  tliat  it  was  time  to  form  such , 
system  as  would  give  each  colony  a  just  weight  in  its  delibera 
tions  in  proportion  to  its  opulence  and  numbers  of  inhabitants 
its  exports  and  imports.    He  was  answered  by  Mr.  (Ward)  o 
Rhode  Island, — who  insisted  that  each  colony  sliould  have  a 
equal  vote — that  we  came  if  necessary  to  make  a  sacrifice  o 
our  all,  and  that  the  weakest  colony  by  such  a  sacrifice  woul 
suffer  as  much  as  the  greatest.    Col.  Harrison,  from  Virginij 
insisted  strongly  on  the  injustice  tliat  Virginia  should  have : 
greater  weight  in  the  determination  than  one  of  the  smalld 
colonies — that  he  should  be  censured  by  his  constituents,  aj 
unable  to  answer  his  want  of  attention  to  their  interest  shou 
he  assent  to  it,  and  that  he  was  very  apprehensive  tliat  if  suclj 
disrespect  was  put  upon  his  countrymen  we  should  never 
them  at  another  convention.    The  debate  tlien  took  a  dlf 
ent  turn.    It  was  observed  tliat  if  an  equal  representatj 
was  ever  so  Just  the  delegates  from  the  several  colonies 
unprepared    with    materials  to  settle    that  equitably, 
was  an  objection  that  could  not  be  answered.    The  quesj 
was  then  put  and  it  was  resolved  that  the  sense  of  Con^ 
shall  be  taken  by  voting  in  colonies  each  to  have  one  vote.  I 
the  course  of  this  session  two  committees  were  appointed! 


ROW.  JAMU  DUANK. 


1071 


Impulsive  southerner, 
although  Mr.  Aclams 
i  the  influence  which 

r.  Lynch. 

lat  their  body  shouldbe 

fficer"  the  President;" 
,  Congress  ;"  and  after 
,  next  day.    On  the  6th 
nner  of  voting  and  what 
determination.    Patrlcic 
oppression  of  Parliament 
It  we  were  reduced  to  a 
jr  any  such  distinction  as 
aVirginlanbutan  Arae- 
;  to  society  was  an  unequal 
probably  wouldbe  further 
was  time  to  form  such  a 
si  weight  in  its  delibera- 
l  numbers  of  Inhabitants, 
jwered  by  Mr.  (Ward)  of 
Bh  colony  should  have  an 
,ry  to  make  a  sacrifice  ol 
by  such  a  sacrifice  would 
Harrison,  from  Virginia, 
t  Virginia  should  have  no 
than  one  of  the  smallest 
ed  by  his  constituents,  and 
ion  to  their  interest  should 
apprehensive  that  if  such  a 

V.  wA  should  never  see 
rraen  we  snoum 

debate  then  took  a  d»ff« 

if  an  equal  representation 

^,e  several  colonies  .«e 

atle   that  equitably.     Tto 

e  answered.    The  q«estl  « 

Tthat  the  sense  of  Ccvngre« 

iseachtohaveonevote^   W 

Utees  were  appointed,  one 


to  state  the  rights  of  the  colonies,  the  several  instances  in  which 
they  have  been  violated  and  infringed,  and  tlie  means  most  proper 
to  obtain  redress;  the  other  to  state  and  report  tlie  severnl 
statutes  affecting  the  trade  and  manufactures  of  tlie  colonies. 
Mr.  Duane  and  Mr.  Jay  wei    selected  for  the  first  of  tliese 
important  committees  and  Mr.  Law  for  the  second.    As  these 
committees  withdrew  so  many  members  from  the  Congress,  and 
as  the  matters  referred  to  tlien»  were  those  which  had  occasioned 
the  Congress  to  be  called,  the  President  was  authorised  to  adjourn 
it  from  day  to  day  and  call  it  together  when  he  should  tliink  fit. 
The  committee,  to  state  the  rights,  &c.,  met  forthwith  on  the 
adjournment  of  the  Congress  and  Mr.  Duane  proposed  Mr.  Lynch 
as  chairman,  but  he  declined  and  proposed  Mr.  Hopkins,  who 
was  unanimously  chosen,  and  Charles  Thompson,  the  Secretary 
of  the  Congress,  was  chosen  clerk.    The  committee  met  daily 
until  the  22d  September,  when  it  made  a  report  in  part.    Mr. 
Duane  and  Jay,  in  conformity  with  the  known  wishes  of  their 
constituents,  were  for  such  measures  as  should  secure  the  rights 
of  the  colonies  as  then  understood,  and  yet  continue  them  mem- 
hm  of  the  British  empire,  allowing  to  the  King  his  acknowledged 
prerogatives,  and  to  Parliament,  by  express  declaration,  her 
supremacy  in  matters  of  external  trade  and  in  relation  to  foreign 
connections.    Mr.  Duane  embodied  these  ideas  in  a  preamble  and 
t  series  of  resolutions  in  substance,  and  some  of  them  verbatim, 
which  were  reported  to  and  adopted  by  Congress  and  are  to  be 
found  in  their  Journal.    Tlie  rights  of  the  King  and  Parliament 
are  only  briefly  alluded  to  in  the  adopted  resolutions,  tho'  sub- 
stantially acknowledged   in  the  addresses  published   by  the 
Congress. 

Among  the  subjects  of  debate  before  this  committee  was  the 
question  whether  the  Quebec  bill  should  be  reported  as  a  griev- 
ance, and  Mr.  Duane  was  against  including  it  in  the  report,  but 
Mr.  Lee,  from  Virginia,  on  territorial  considerations,  the  eastern 
members,  under  pretence  of  religious  uses,  and  others,  because 
it  would  be  popular  to  insert  it  both  in  England  and  America, 
having  united,  formed  a  great  majority  against  him  and  he 
acquiesced  in  its  being  reported  unanimously. 
The  proceedings  of  Congress  being  had  with  closed  doors,  and 


I 


1072 


MEMOIR  or  THK 


'-»*•• 


iJ.  ..^ 


f,'     I;-    '\     % 

'  ' '         .  •, 

■■  i  *  .  »  I 


•■7! 


'^A 


'■I 


.  ^. 

.  *            "^i 

.      .                                  lis 

1 

»!'!'•"  *     i 

:^^vv.    "   ,« 

Ml     ■  ■    .  ^m 

t4'u            SH 

"i( 

i;;.i;-' '-     '^n 

s-;:^  ■-■  • 


♦',  *  />  * 


1*  "t 


secrecy  being  imposed  on  the  members,  much  that  transpii 
witliin  the  Congress  ib  unknown.  Among  Mr.  Duane's  papi 
is  found  a  copy  of  Dr.  Franklin's  plan  of  d  union  of  the  colon 
proposed  in  ]  754,  with  an  indorsement  that  it  was  offered  to  t 
Congress  on  the  28th  September,  by  Mr.  GaUbWdy,  seconds  a 
supported  by  the  N^w^York  meitabers,  but  finally  rejected  a 
ordered  to  be  left  out  of  thfe  minutest  ay.  •;/  fdxui  < 

Mr.  Duane  was  opposed  to  the  non-impbrtation  agreement 
the  grounds  that  our  importations  would  ndt  materially  affect  t 
trade  of  Great  Britain;  that  it  would  increasb  the  irritation  betwie 
the  two  countries  and  render  reconciliation  more  difficult,  ai 
that,  in  case  of  war,  the  poissibllity  of  which  wds  even  then  co 
templated,  we  should  be  in  \taat  of  the  articles  tve  would  th 
exclude.  He,  however,  SigAed  tii6  association  and  was  since 
in  his  efforts  to  enforce  its  ob^rtance^  Congress  adjourned  t] 
26  th  of  October,  recommending  the  meeting  of  aildther  on  tl 
10  th  May  then  next  ensuingw  n.\,ihi>    <  > 

Tlie  expenses  of  the  delegates  from  New  York  to  the  fli 
Congress  seem  to  have  been  paid  by  th^emselves,  and  Mr.  Duane' 
as  entered  in  his  memorandum  book,  were  £S1  atid  upTvarc 
'exclusive  of  his  two  months'  board.  Thie  exp^nces  of  the  Cor 
mittee  of  Correspondence  in  New- York  Were  of  course  defrays 
by  subscription,  and  it  appears  by  the  receipts  of  Thomas  Pet 
the  collector,  that  Mr.  Duane  paid  for  this  purpose  jC  5,  Novel 
ber  12th,  1774,  and  a  like  sum,  M&f  6th,  1775.  He  was  also 
subscriber  to  the  fund  for  the  rielief  of  the  Bostoiiians  and  to  i 
the  public  entertainments  and  celebrationis  giv^  by  the  Atfaerio 
patriots  in  New-York  in  1774  and  beginning  of  1775,  and 
addition  to  this  he  lost,  by  reason  of  his  absence  in  Congress,  t 
October  term  of  the  Suprenie  CoUrl  6f  ttie  former  of  these  yea 
which,  to  a  professional  man  of  his  eminence  at  the  time,  Was 
considerable  sacrifice.  Thus  it  will  «^pear  that  6Veh  in  t 
outset  of  the  Revd'ution  he  had  fl  foretaste  of  the  sacrific 
of  property  he  afterwards  experienced,  as  w*H  as  a  knowledge 
the  consequences  to  his  Ufej  should  his  dountry  prove  unsu 


na 


cessful.  'iifi  viiioh.m  Jisf-'rv   n  l>>i 

Mr.  Duane's  conduct  nhist  have  been  satisfactory  to  his  co 
ttituents,  f6r  in  April,  1775^  hd  was  elected  a  member  of  t 


^ 


HON.    JAMES    DUANE. 


1073 


^  much  that  transpired 
!ng  Mr.  Duane'8  papers 
f  A  union  of  the  colonies 
;h»t  it  was  offered  to  the 
GaUbWiy,  second^  and 
but  fttoBy  rejected  and 


//■VSiXWU.f 


nportatioa  agreement  on 
I  ndt  materially  affect  the 
easb  the  irritation  between 
iationmore  difficult,  arid 
which  vfAi  even  then  cori- 
le  articles  We  would  thus 
Isocitttion  and  was  sincere 
Congress  adjourned  the 
meeting  of  adbther.  on  the 

,m  Nev?  York  to  the  first 
,femselve8,  and  Mr.  Duane'8, 

:,  were  £&^  ^'^^  upvvards, 
Thb  expAnces  of  the  Gom- 
•k  were  of  course  defrayed 
receipts  of  Thomas  Petit, 
,,  this  purpose  £5,  Novem- 
6th,  1775.  He  was  also  a 
,f  the  Bostohians  and  to  all 
tionsgivtobytheAtherican 

beginning  of  1775,  and  m 
lis  absence  in  Congress,  the 
tf  the  former  of  these  years 
f„,in6nc6atthetime,^vasa 

^peai  that  feVeh  m  the 
foretaste  of  the  sacrifice 
.aswfellasaltnowteageof 
bis  6)Uiitry  prove  unsuc- 

.ensatlsfkctoiytohiseou- 
eleirted  a  member  ot  tho 


Provincial  Congress  wliicli  met  on  the  20tli  of  that  iwnWh  in  the 
city  of  New- York,  and  by  tliat  body  was  chosen  a  delegnle  to 
the  Congress  that  liad  been  recommended  to  meet  in  Philadelpliia 
on  the  loth  of  May.  Thitlier  he  rtjpaired,  leaving  home  soon 
after  the  battle  of  Lexington,  and  after  tlie  news  of  t!mt  import- 
ant event  had  reached  New- York.  He  was  present  on  tlie  day 
ajjpointed  for  opening ;  co-operat«d  with  his  fellow  delegates  in 
raisuig  the  army,  appointing  Washington  Commander-in-chief, 
i-ssuing  bills,  establishing  a  post  office,  and  in  fact  assuming  all 
t;!*i  powers  of  government.  He  probably  also  joined  tliem  in 
fiutiier  attempts  at  reconciliation  with  the  mother  country,  an 
object  all  yet  assumed  to  have  in  view. 

There  is- not  space  here  to  detail  either  the  doings  of  the  Con- 
gress or  the  share  Mr.  Duane  took  therein.    The  session  continued 
until  the  2d  August  and  then  tcx)k  a  recess  until  the  5th  Septem- 
ber.   In  tlie  recess  Mr.  D.  attended  tlie  Indian  Treaty  at  Albany, 
and  among  his  private  expenses  it  appears  that  he  paid  £b  for 
a  silver  tobacco  box  for  Abraham,  the  Mohawk  Chief.    He 
rejoined  Congress  on  the  12th  September  and  continued  in 
constant  attendance  on  it  until  the  31st  May,  1776,  when  he  was 
called  home  to  attend  the  New-York  Congress,  of  which  he  had 
again  been  chosen  a  member  from  the  city  of  New  York  in 
April  preceding.    The  object  of  this  call  was  to  assist  in  fram- 
ing a  State  Government  which,  as  a  member  of  Congress,  he  had 
recommended,  and  which  the  New- York  Congress  had  agreed  to 
set  about  on  the  20tli  May.    It  was  neither  fear  nor  inclination 
that  drew  both  him  and  Mr.  Jav  from  the  Greneral  Congress  at 
this  time  and  prevented  tliem  from  appearing  as  signers  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  to  the  preparatory  steps  of  wliich 
tliey  had  so  effectually  coniributed,  and  to  the   maintenance 
of  which  they  botli  devoted  several  after  years  of  labor. 

Mr.  Duane  took  his  seat  in  tiie  Provincial  Congress  on  the 
-il  June,  but  left  New-York  on  the  6t1i,  hjaving  obtained  leave 
1 1' 111. sence  to  procure  a  place  of  residence  for  his  family.  He 
(lid  not  again  set  his  foot  in  his  native  city  until  he  entered  it 
intiinraph  on  the  25th  November,  1783.  The  Convention  also 
retired  soon  after  from  the  city  of  New-York  on  account  of 
the  invasion  of  the  British  troops,  and  met  at  various  places 
Vol.  IV.  S8 


^     1 


1074 


MEMOIR  OF  THE 


?gj»l 


ji  ,  ^JT    *■ 


" 


until  it  assembled  more  permanently  at  Fishkill  and  tliere  M 
Duane  again  joined  it  on  the  first  of  August.  He  was  sent,  ( 
the  same  day  as  one  of  a  committee  to  inquire  into  the  state  ( 
defence  of  the  forts  Montgomery  and  Constitution  in  the  Hig 
lands ;  was  absent  several  days  j  returned,  made  report  ai 
continued  with  the  convention  and  the  committee  of  safety 
Fishkill  and  Kingston,  until  tlie  3d  April,  1777,  when  lie  w 
directed  to  repair  to  the  Congress  at  Pliiladelphia.  In  this  la 
period  of  his  attendance  in  the  Provincial  Congress,  the  cousi 
tution  for  the  State,  the  draft  of  which  he  had  reported,  u  i 
taken  up.  Though  he  had  taken  an  active  part  in  its  ibrmatii 
he  left  Kingston  before  it  was  finally  voted  on.      :     .  • 

Mr.  Duane  continued  in  Congress  tliis  time  from  April 
December,  1777,  when,  having  obtained  leave  of  absence,  1 
returned  to  his  family  at  Livingston's  Manor.    On  the  13tli  Mj 
preceding,  the  Provincial  Convention,  after  thanking  him  ibv  h 
long  and  faithful  services,  had  appointed  him  delegate  to  Coi 
gress  until  the  new  Legislature  should  make  an  election,  t 
which  body  he  was  also  appointed  a  delegate.     In  1777,  M| 
Duane,  with  Messrs.  Lee  and   Lovell,  i^ere  a  committee 
arrange  the  Articles  of  Confederation,  (after  thf\  liad 
agreed  to  by  Congress)  alter  the  pharseology,  witliout,  howev 
altering  the  sense  and  report  them  complete;    This  was  done 
the  18th  November ;  on  the  17th  of  the  same  month  the  sai 
committee  reported  a  circular  letter  from  Congress  to  tlie  seve 
States  to  accompany  the  articles. 

In  the  spring  and  summer  of  1778,  Mr.  Duane  had  an  attj 
of  sickness  and  did  not  return  to  Congress  until  Noveni 
1778,  having  been  re-appointed  a  delegate  on  the  16t.h  Octo 
preceding.     His  attendance  at  this  time  was  particularly  in 
by  the  Governor  and   his  fellow  Delegates  on  account  of 
Vermont  dispute,  with  which  he  was  thoroughly  acquaiii 
He  attended  Congress  until  September,   1779,  when  ha 
obtained  leave  of  absence,  he  returned  home  on  a  sliort  v 
In  October  of  the  same  year,  he,  John  Morin  Scott,  and  E 
Benson  were  {Appointed,  by  the  Legislature,  coinraissionei 
collect  evidence  for  New-York  in  the  controversy  with  Veriij 
In  November  he  was  re-appointed  delegate,  attended  Coiii 


be( 


•  . 


T 


Hon.   JAMES  DUANE. 


1075 


ishkill  ancl  there  Mr. 
„st.    He  was  sent,  on 
■nire  into  the  state  ot 
ititution  in  the  High- 
led,  made  report  and 
committee  of  safety  a. 
ril   1777,  when  he  was 
ladelp^ia-    In  this  last 
il  Congress,  the  consli- 
^  he  had  reported,  vas 
ive  part  in  its  formation 

(tedon.  ' 

this  time  fiom  Apnlto 
,ed  leave  of  absence,  he 
lanor.    On  the  13th  May 
after  thanking  him  tor  his 
.ted  him  delegate  to  Con- 
.nld  make  an  election,  by 
ligate.    in  1777,  Mr. 
ell,  >vere  a  committee  to 
ion  (after  tVy  had  been 
[seology,  without,  howevei-, 

^plete-,  This  was  done  on 
f  the  same  month  the  same 
Lm  Congress  to  the  several 

I  Mr  Duane  had  an  attack 
'congress  until  Noveml^r, 
legale  on  the  16th  October 

Ce  .as  particularly  ui,e 

Llegates  on  account  ot 
Ls  thoroughly  acquaii^  ^^ 
Lber,  1779,  when  \^ 
Led  home  on  a  short  vs^^ 
L  Morin  Scott,  and  Egbe 

tslature,  — .- ^ 
fe  controversy  with  \ 
dekgate,  attended  Cong 


until  sometime  in  the  winter  ofl  780,  when  he  retm-ned  home  to 
execute  tlie  commission  witli  wliich  he  was  enlrusted  the  pre- 
ceding October.  He  spent  some  time  in  this  duty  and  in  arranging 
the  evidence  collected  and  set  out  to  rejoin  Congress  on  the  13th 
of  April.  On  his  way  to  Philadelphia,  lie  stopped  at  Morristown, 
then  the  head-quarters  of  the  army  and  found  tjiere  on  a  visit 
to  General  Washington,  the  French  Minister,  his  Secretary 
Marbois  and  the  Spanish  Agent  Don  Juan  Mirales.  For  their 
entertainment  a  review  and  ball  were  had.  It  was  this  session 
that  he  completed  his  brief  in  the  Vermont  case,  but  tjie  matter 
was  not  argued  before  Congress  until  September  following,  and 
then  ineifectually  as  regarded  Vermont,  who  refused  to  appear 
or  submit  to  the  decision  of  Congress ;  in  effect,  however,  it 
put  an  end  to  any  furtlier  serious  claims  of  New  Hampshire  or 
Massachusetts  in  that  quarter. 

After  a  short  visit  home  Mr.  Duane  returned  to  Philadelphia 
on  the  4th  September.  On  his  way  he  again  visited  head-quar- 
ters, and  as  he  writes  to  his  wife,  "  The  General  was  so  good  as 
"to  give  me  a  view  of  our  native  city.  It  was  a  remote  one 
"from  a  point  above  Weehawk  ferry,  it  however  gave  me  some 
"satisfaction.  Tiie  Island  was  in  full  sight  and  the  enemies 
"works  and  ships.  Tlie  island  itself  makes  a  desolate  appear- 
"anceand  the  works  do  not  seem  so  formidable  as  reported." 
This  was  probably  the  only  time  he  had  seen  the  city  since  he 
left  it  in  June,  1776,  and  although  he  had  left  there  a  valuable 
property,  he  makes  no  lamentations,  even  to  his  wife,  about  t.ieir 
own  losses,  but  directs  his  attention  to  the  defences  erected  to 
prevent  his  country's  army  from  regaining  it  by  conquest. 

Mr.  Duane  was  re-elected  in  1780,  and  on  the  1st  March,  1781, 
executed,  with  Col.  Floyd  and  Gen.  McDougall,  then  delegates,  the 
power  with  which  they  had  been  entrusted,  of  ceding  the  New-York 
claims  to  the  western  lands  to  the  United  States.  On  the  same  day 
Maryland,  the  only  State  which  had  not  done  so  before,  acceded  to 
the  Articles  of  Confederation.  Those  two  matters  had  specially 
detained  Mr.  Duane  at  Philadelphia,  and  they  being  completed 
he  announced  his  intention  of  returning  home.  He  could  not 
leave  Congress  until  the  beginning  of  May,  and  he  remained 
absent  until  the  3l8t  of  July  when  he  resumed  his  seat.    While 


1076 


MEMOIR'  OF  THE 


'^ii 


♦  • 


in  the  State  on  tliis  occasion,  lie  appeared  before  the  Legislati 
for  the  puropose  of  giving  that  body  information  with  respecl 
public  business.    This  done,  he  called  its  attention  to  cert 
slanderous  charges  published  anonymously  in  the  newspapers  t 
requested  some  action  of  the  Legislature  thereon.    This  oc 
sioued  a  joint  resolution  to  be  passed,  the  27th  June,  express 
its  continued  confidence  in  him  and  Gen.  Scott  and  request; 
them  to  return  to  Congress  as  soon  as  they  conveniently  con 
At  the  same  time,  Genls.   McDougall,  Schuyler  and  Scott,  C 
Floyd, Chancellor  Livingston,  Mr.  Wisner  and  Governor  Clint 
who  had  been  his  colleagues  in  Congress  at  diflferent  times,  ca 
forward  with  strong  and  full  certificates  in  his  vindication, 
returned  home  on  the  18th  October,  and  although  he  was  1 
same  month  re-appointed  delegate,  he  does  not  appear  to  hii 
attended  Congress  until  the  24th  of  June,  1782.     On  the  2 
July  following  he  was  .re-appointed  delegate  for  one  year  ti( 
the  first  Monday  of  November  then  next,  which   was  his  1 
appointment  to  that  office.    He  was,  at  the  same  time,  clios 
by  tlie  Assembly  (as  was  then  allowed)  a  Senator  from  t 
Southern  District  in  place  of  Sir  James  Jay,  whose  seat  v 
declared  vacant.     In  November,   1782,  Mr.  Duane  obtaii 
leave  of  absence  from  Congress,  returned  home  and  on 
meeting  of  the   Legislature  in  January,  1783,  attended  a 
Senator,  and  continued  so  until  the  adjournment  of  that  b( 
on  the  28th  March  following.     On  the  16th  July, betook 
neat  for  the  last  term  in  Congress,  remained  there  until 
ndjournment  thereof  to  Annapolis,  in  the  beginning  of  Nov< 
her,  when  lie  was  called  home  to  act  as  one  of  the  Council 
the  Government  of  the  Southern  District  of  New  York,  of  wl 
body  the  Legislature  had  some  time  before  elected  him  a  mem] 
Before  he  left  Congress  he  had  the  pleasure  of  drawing,  repor  j 
Hiid  helping  to  pass  the  resolution  of  tlianks  to  the  brave  a( 
which  more  than  eight  years  before  he  had  voted  to  raise. 

The  council  above  mentioned  had  been  vested  with  altj 
dictatorial  power  to  continue  until  the  government  coul(j 
re-eslablished  over  that  part  of  tlie  State  so  long  possesse(| 
the  enemy,  and  now  about  to  be  evacuated  Mr.  Duane  jc 
the  other  members  of  this  body,  and  with  General  Washinc 


*  . 


before  the  Legislature 
rmation  with  respect  to 

its  attention  to  certain 
ly  in  the  newspapers  and 

•e  thereon.    This  occa- 
le  aith  June,  expressing 
en.  Scott  and  requesting 
hey  conveniently  could. 
Schuyler  and  Scott,  Col. 
Jer  and  Governor  Clinton, 
iS  at  different  times,  came 
■s  in  his  vindication.    He 
and  although  he  was  the 
edoe8  not  appear  to  have 

June,  1782.    On  the  22d 

Lelegate  for  one  year  h^m 

next,  which  was  his  last 

9   at  the  same  time,  chosen 

owed)  a  Senator  from  the 
James  Jay,  whose  seat  was 

r32,  Mr.  Duane  obtained 

urned  home  and  on  the 

uary,  1783,  attended  as  a 

adjournment  of  that  body 

tbe  16th  July,be  took  his 

remained  there  until  the 
the  beginning  of  Novem- 
.  as  one  of  the  Councilfo 
:JetofNewYorl.,ofwhic 
before  elected  him  a  member 
Ire  of  drawing,  reportin 
Hhauks  to  the  brave  army 

be  had  voted  to  raise 

U  been  vested  with  almos 
Lhe  government  could 

Utatesolongpossesse^^^^^^^ 
bruated  Mr.  D^ane  joinea 
dwl^  General  WxsB..-' 


HON.   JAMES  DUANE. 


1077 


Governor  Clinton,  and  hundreds  of  his  fellow  exiles,  entered  on 
the  25th  November,  1783,  his  native  city,  when  he  took  posses- 
sion of  his  dilapidated  property.  He  found  his  houses  in  King 
(now  Pine)  street,  and  at  the  corner  of  Water  street  and  Fly 
market,  almost  entirely  destroyed.  His  farm,  as  he  calls  it,  con- 
sisting of  about  twenty  acres,  at  what  is  now  called  Gramercie 
park '  and  its  vicinity,  was  in  pretty  good  order,  the  house  having 
been  occupied  by  one  of  the  British  generals.  ,.  ( 

The  council  took  possession  of  the  property  of  Trinity  church, 
set  aside  an  election  of  vestrymen  that  had  been  held  just  before 
the  Americans  regained  New- York,  and  ordered  a  new  election, 
in  which  Mr.  Duane  was  chosen  one  of  the  church  wardens,  and 
other  whigs  vestrymen.    This  election  was  afterwards  confirmed 
by  act  of  Legislatui-e,  and  the  persons  elected  chose  as  rector 
of  the  church  the  Rev.  Samuel  Provoost,  a  whig  who  had  left 
New- York  when  the  British  took  possession,  and  who  was 
afterwards  the  Bishop  of  this  Diocese.    The  property  was  after- 
wards restored,  and  Mr.  Duane  continued  to  be  elected  church 
warden  so  long  as  he  remained  a  resident  of  the  city  of  New- York. 
About  the  last  of  December,  1783,  the  elections  in  the  South- 
era  District  took  place  and  Mr.  Duane,  who  had  been  nominated, 
was  chosen  senator.    The  Legislature  having  met  in  New  York, 
in  January,  1784,  the  powers  of  the  Council  ceased  and  thegoverO' 
ment  went  into  full  and  peaceful  operation  over  the  whole  State. 
Mr.  Duane,  like  most  of  the  other  patriots  who  had  participated 
in  the  Revolution,  found  it  necessary,  at  the  conclusion  of  the 
war,  to  resort  to  business  again  for  a  livelihood,  and  he  entered 
New  York  with  a  firm  determination  to  resume  the  practice  oi' 
his  profession ;  but  the  members  of  the  Common  Council  of  the 
city  now  petitioned  tiie  Governor  to  nominate  him  Mayor,  and 

1  In  1831,  Samuel  B.  Buggies  became  possessed  of  a  portion  of  the  old  Duane  Farm. 
This  farm  had  a  front  of  about  400  feet  on  the  Bowery-road,  and  ran  thence  easteriy 
almost  to  the  river,  with  some  upland,  but  much  morass,  overgrown  with  cat-tails,  and 
through  which  wandered  a  stream  known  as  Crumraassie-Vly  or  Winding  Creek.  «  •  • 
He  planted  on  the  edge  of  the  morass,  in  December,  1831,  Grameroy  park,  by  gratuitously 
giving  the  whole  of  the  66  lots  it  comprises — now  worth  two  hundred  thousand  dollars — 
and  attaching  to  the  grant  a  condition  that  ten  dollars  a  lot  should  be  annually  paid  for- 
ever by  the  residents  around  the  square  iw  a  fund  out  of  which  to  plant,  preserve,  and 
»iora  it.  Disdaining  too,  the  personal  vanity  of  entailing  his  own  name  upon  this 
Meation  of  his  own  energy  and  property,  he  preserved  the  name  by  which  the  old  Duane 
estate  was  known,  the  Gramercy  Seat— corrupted,  probably,  from  the  Crooked  Creek,  or 
Cfomme-see,  which  meandered  through  its  meadowB.— President  Kings  Progress  of 
!^tK-York  during  the  last  Fifty  Years. 


!;:*  1.. 
V- 


71 

•i 

1 


* 

^'*' 


1078 


MEMOIR  OF  THE 


f    li   f  lit,    V 


I. 


**a8  no  one,"  they  say  in  their  petition,  "is  better  qualifi« 
none  will  be  moie  acceptable  to  us  and  our  constituents  at 
than  Mr.  Duane.  Few  Iiave  sacrificed  more  or  deserve  b 
from  their  country."  Many  private  friends  urging  him  to  a< 
this  office,  Mr.  D.  consented  and  was  accordingly  appointe 
Cth  February,  1784,  Mayor  of  his  native  city. 

Though  his  duties  now  were,  in  many  respects,  very  one: 
yet  his  position  was,  on  many  occasions,  a  source  of  great  § 
fication.    In  1785  he  had  the  pleasure,  as  Chief  Magistrate  c 
native  city,  to  welcome  to  their  session  therein,  the  old 
gress  under  the  Presidency  of  liis  old  friend  Richard  Henry 
and  filled  with  others  of  his  Revolutionary  colleagues  as  memi 
the  same  agreeable  duty  he  performed  in  Mkrch,  1789,  to 
first  Congress  under  the  present  Constitution,  and  a  few  w 
after,  he  welcomed  Washington  himself  as  President  of 
Republic,  which  their  joint  labors,  in  diverse  but  equally  es 
tial  fields  of  action,  had  helped  to  establish. 
«   As  Mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York  Mr.  Duane  not  only 
civil  and  criminal  courts  for  the  city,  but  was  included  in 
commission  of  Oyer  and  Terminer  for  the  county.    As  a  J 
of  the  latter  court,  at  the  request  of  Judge  Hobart  of  the  Sup 
Court,  also  in  the  commission,  he  delivered  the  charge  t( 
first  Grand  Jury  summoned  in  that  court,  in  the  city,  afte 
war,  on  the  18th  May,  1784 — a  mark  of  distinction  tliat  v 
only  have  been  paid  to  one  whose  eminence  in  the  countrj 
profession  were  such  as  to  elicit  no  invidious  observationsl 
the  Mayor's  Court  held  by  him  much  bushiess  was  dispat[ 
and  in  that  court  were  the  then  young  lawyers,  Hamilton,  I 
Troup,  Lewis,  Brockholst  and  Edward  Livingston,  Hoffniaj 
others,  trained  up  to  the  eminence  they  afterwards  attair 
their  profession.    Among  the  cases  decided  by  liim  in  178J 
whicli  was  published,  was  that  of  Rutgers  vs.  Waddif 
Involving  the  validity  of  what  was  called  the  Trespasj 
passed  just  before  the  close  of  the  war  to  enable  the  whig! 
had  fled  from  New  York  to  recover  damages  from  those  w| 
occupied  it  while  in  possession  of  the  enemy.    This  case 
great  sensation  in  the  community  of  that  day,  and  becaij 
subject  of  Legislative  resolutions ;  and  it  is  a  curious  coinj 


Tl 


BOV.  JAMBS  DGAMK. 


10T» 


«is  better  qualified,  so 

oar  constituents  at  large 

1  more  or  deserve  better 

ends  urging  l>imt»»«fl" 

accordingly  appointed  on 

ivecity. 

,„y  respects,  very  onerous, 

.,,  a  source  of  great  gr»l>- 
,,  as  Chief  Magistrate  olh» 

stou  tlierein,  the  old  Cm- 
friend  Bichard  Henry  Ue, 

nary  colleagues  as  members; 

"edinMi.rch,m9,toth. 

::atution,  and  a  few  ««*» 
.i^elfasPresiden  «ffl» 
in  diverse  but  equally  essen- 

f^'Duane  not  only  beid 
ty,but«as  included  in   '.e 
for  the  county.    As  a  Judge 
^geHobartof  the  Sup- 
delivered  tl>e  ^"S'^  * 
t  court,  in  the  city,  alter  tie 

Ia  of  distinction  that  «.»li 
lence  in  the  country,  d 

o  invidious  observations    I« 
„rbusiuess»astopat*ed, 

,„„,,a»yers,Ha„*M^ 
Pd  it  is  «»"<""  """"*' 


that  the  same  gentleman  who  was  the  defendant  then,  was  also 
defendant  in  a  suit,  that  of  Griswolds  vs.  Waddington,  at  the 
close  of  our  next  war  with  England,  exciting  almost  equal  inter- 
est and  involving  a  much  larger  amount  of  property  than  the 
one  decided  just  after  the  Revolution.  Mr.  Duane  presided  in 
the  Mayor's  Court  for  nearly  six  years,  and  in  that  time  very 
many  of  the  questions  came  before  him  and  received  his  decision, 
which  were  subsequently  decided  the  same  way  by  our 
Supreme  Court,  and  perpetuated  in  the  Reports  of  Johnson  and 
their  successors.  He  was  thus  one  of  the  channels  by  which 
the  legal  lore  of  England  and  the  colony  was  conducted  to  those 
who  have  distributed  it  in  our  State  courts,  and  caused  these  to 
become  the  admiration  of  our  sister  States, 

Mr.  Duane  was  State  Senator,  except  in  1786  and  1787,  from 
the  time  of  his  election  at  the  close  of  the  war,  until  20th  March, 
1790,  when  the  Senate  voted  that  his  seat,  as  well  as  that  of  three 
other  Senators,  had  become  vacant  in  consequence  of  having 
accepted  offices  under  the  United  States.  The  correctness  of 
this  decision  was  acquiesced  in  without  much  objection.  In  this 
period  of  his  Senatorsliip  many  ot  our  most  important  public  laws 
were  passed,  of  the  provisions  of  which  he  was  the  principal 
author.  Tiie  law  for  incorporating  religious  societies,  for  estab- 
lishing the  university,  and  for  the  sale  of  the  public  lands  ar« 
instances.  The  first  revision  of  our  statute  law  after  th€ 
Revolution,  by  Jones  &  Varick,  also  came  before  the  Legislature 
at  this  period,  and  his  attenticm  and  knowledge  were  bestowed, 
and  were  very  useful  in  the  accomplishment  of  the  work. 

The  claims  of  Massachusetts  on  New-Yi>rk,  which  prior  to  the 
Revolutiun  seemed  only  to  relate  to  our  eastern  boundary,after  the 
peace  assumed  a  more  impf)rtant  form.  The  former  State  put  in 
a  clahn  to  all  the  territory  lying  between  her  western  boundary 
ami  the  Pacific  ocean.  On  the  12th  November,  1784,  James 
Duane,  John  Jay,  Robert  R.  Livingston,  Egbert  Benson,  and 
Walter  Livingston,  were  appointed  agents  <»f  the  State  in  that 
controverey  which  was  then  expected  to  be  tried  hy  a  federal 
court  under  the  articles  of  confederation.  In  December  the 
agents  proceeded  to  Trenton,  where  Congress  tlien  sat  to  meet 
»he  Massachusetts  agents  to  form  the  court.    Several  weeks  were 


I 


KWO 


MKMOIR   or   THE 


it'  *■-•* 


J^*'  ' 


A  •jj^ 


'.Is***-*  . 


spent  in  vain  attempts  to  obtain  unobjectionable  judges,  and 
wlien  sucli  were  found,  some  of  them  would  not  serve,  so  tliat 
the  business  had  to  be  done  over  again.  The  conferences  weie 
extended  into  1785,  and  New  York  selected  as  the  place  of 
meeting.  In  this  matter  Mr.  Duane  drew  the  brief  on  the  part 
of  New  York'  (subsequently  indeed  handed  to  Samuel  Jones 
and  Alexander  Hamilton,  as  counsel  to  completie)  and  drew 
most  of  tlie  notes  and  communcations  to  the  other  agents,  the 
petitions  to  Congress,  and  the  letters  to  the  selected  judges. 
The  difficulty  of  procuring  a  court  in  which  both  parties  had 
confidence  and  a  conviction  among  all  the  agents,  that  an 
amicable  arrangement  might  be  made  by  themselves,  advanta- 
geous to  both  parties,  induced  them  to  request  their  respective 
r'  Legislatures  to  allow  them  to  settle  the  dispute  as  each  sliould 
think  most  for  the  interest  of  their  own  State.  Such  acts 
were  passed  both  by  New- York  and  Massachusetts,  the  former 
State  at  the  same  time  substituting  Melancthon  Smith,  Robert 
Yates  and  John  Lansing,  Junr.,  as  agents,  in  place  of  John  Jay 
and  Walter  Livingston,  resigned.  The  agents  on  both  sides 
met  at  Hartford,  in  Nov€mber,  1786,  and  after  about  three 
weeks  negotiation  made  tlie  final  arrangement  by  which  Massa- 
chusetts was  allowed  the  ownership  of  most  of  the  western  part 
of  our  State,  beyond  the  military  tract,  while  the  jurisdiction 
over  it  was  to  be  retained  by  New- York.  As  the  Indian  title 
was  not  then  extinguished,  as  the  land  was  wild  and  our  State 
in  want  of  population,  few  of  the  present  day  will  doubt  the 
advantage  of  the  bargain  to  have  been  ours.  The  direction  then 
given  to  emigration  from  Massachusetts  was  to  her  wild  lands 
in  our  State  instead  of  the  Ohio,  which  was  then  opening  to 
settlement,  and  to  which  country  great  efforts  were  making  in 
New-England  to  allure  settlei-s.     am  . 

In  1788,  Mr.  Duane  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Convention 
that  met  at  Poughkeepsie,  to  consider  the  propriety  of  adopting 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and  it  is  hardly  necessary 
to  say,  that  like  most  of  those  who  had  served  long  in  Congress, 
and  viewed  the  importance  of  a  closer  Union  of  the  States,  and 

1  This  document  is  among  the  MSS.  of  the  New- York  HistoTical  Society,  a 
copy  taken  by  permission  of  the  Society,  has  been  deposited  in  the  State  L'brary. 


HON.   JAMBg  DUANE. 


1081 


;ionable  judges,  and 
d  not  serve,  so  that 
le  conferences  vtie 
Dted  as  the  place  of 
the  brief  on  tlie  \m-t 
,ed  to  Samuel  Jones 
complete)  and  drew 
the  other  agents,  the 
,  the  selected  judges, 
hich  both  parties  had 
the  agents,  that  an 
themselves,  advanta- 
quest  their  respective 
spute  as  each  should 
wn  State.    Such  acts 
issachusetts,  the  former 
ancthon  Smith,  Robert 
:s,  in  place  of  John  Jay 
>  agents  on  both  sides 
and  after  about  three 
ment  by  which  Massa- 
lost  of  the  western  part 
while  tbe  jurisdiction 
fk.    As  the  Indian  title 
vas  wild  and  our  State 
ent  day  will  doubt  the 
irs.    The  direction  then 
was  to  her  wild  lands 
5h  was  then  opening  to 
efforts  were  making  in 

mber  of  the  Convention 
le  propriety  of  adopting 
ad  it  is  hardly  necessary 
served  long  in  Congress, 
[nion  of  the  States,  and 

Lw-Tork  Historical  Society,  a 
[deposited  in  the  State  Library. 


the  necessity  of  more  powers  in  the  general  government  to 
perform  many  of  its  essential  functions,  he  spoke  and  voted  in 
favor  of  its  adoption.  The  new  government  went  into  opera- 
tion in  the  spring  of  1789,  and  in  September  of  that  year,  Mr 
Duane  was  nominated  by  President  Washington,  and  appointed 
by  the  Senate,  District  Judge  of  the  District  of  New- York.  The 
President  accompanied  his  commission  by  an  autograph  letter, 
in  which,  after  the  tbrmal  announcement  of  the  appointment,  he 
Bays, 

"  In  my  nominations  of  persons  to  fill  offices  in  the  Judicial  department,  1 
"have  been  gnided  by  tlie  importance  of  the  object.  Considering  it  as  of  the 
"  first  magnitude  and  as  tlie  pillar  on  which  our  political  fabric  must  rest,  I  have 
"  endeavored  to  bring  into  tlie  high  offices  of  its  administration  such  characters 
"  as  will  give  stability  and  dignity  to  our  National  Government,  and  I  persuade 
"  myself  they  will  discover  a  due  desire  to  promote  the  happiness  of  our  country 
'  by  a  ready  acceptance  of  their  several  appointments." 

Mr.  Duane  was  much  gratified  at  this  appointment,  as  it  was 
given  him  by  Washington,  and  without  solicitation  on  his  part 
Indeed,  until  the  nomination  was  made  he  does  not  appear  to 
have  been  informed  that  it  was  contemplated.  He  was  sworn 
into  office  on  the  14th  October,  1789,  before  Chief  Justice 
Morris.  His  first  Jury  Court  commenced  in  January,  1790,  and 
his  charge  to  the  Grand  Jury  presents  a  concise  account  of  the 
extent  and  distribution  of  the  judicial  power  of  the  United 
States,  as  well  as  a  statement  of  the  crimes  of  which  the  jury 
had  cognizance,  and  their  general  duties. 

On  the  27th  November,  1790,  his  father-in-law.  Col.  Livingston, 
died,  and  if  we  may  judge  from  the  correspondence  between 
them  for  a  period  of  thirty  years,  he  lost  one  whom  he  reverenced 
as  a  parent  and  who  esteemed  him  with  afiection  and  pride  as 
an  elder  and  accomplished  son. 

For  about  five  years  Judge  Duane  continued  to  execute  the 
duties  of  his  last  office  earnestly  endeavouring  to  fulfil  the 
wishes  of  Washington,  and  the  still  higher  object  of  satisfying 
his  enlightened  conscience.  Most  of  the  questions  that  came 
before  him  he  was  familiar  with,  so  that  this  office  was  less 
burtliensome  to  him  than  any  he  had  held  for  many  years.  He 
was  fond  of  riding  on  horseback,  and  had  no  doubt,  preserved  his 
health  by  continuing  the  practice  to  a  late  period  of  his  lift. 


1082 


MRMOIR  OF   THE 


V    * 


k>'^ 


*^^ 


:'A  h  > 


n^ 


si 


But  f<)rty  years  labor  had  so  affected  Itis  health,  as  to  induce  i 
resolution  on  his  part,  to  resign  and  retire  to  Duaneshurgh 
wliere  his  only  son  and  one  of  liis  daughters  resided.  Accord 
ingly,  on  tlie  10th  of  Marcli,  1794,  he  addressed  a  letter  to  tlx 
President,  announcing  his  wishes,  and  urging  the  appointinen 
of  a  successor  by  the  middle  of  April.  The  President  answerec 
in  a  kind  letter  dated  23d  March,  and  on  the  8th  April,  as  sooi 
as  the  business  of  the  court  permitted,  he  transmitted  liis  resig 
nation  in  due  form,  and  retired  finally  irom  a  long  and  honor 
able  public  life.  After  consultation  with  Judge  Wilson,  of  tht 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  as  to  the  form  of  relinquish 
ing  the  office;  it  was  thought  most  proper  to  do  it  by  an  instru 
ment  under  his  hand  and  seal.  Such  an  one  was  drawn,  ii 
which  after  reciting  "  the  Letters  Patent,"  by  which  he  wai 
autliorized  to  hold  the  office  during  good  behaviour,  he  die 
"  by  these  presents  freely  and  voluntarily  and  absolutely  resign 
"relinquish  and  surrender  the  said  office  of  Judge  of  tlie  New 
"  York  District,  with  all  the  powers,  privileges  and  emolument! 
"  to  the  same  appertaining."  This  was  sealed,  signed,  witnessec 
by  two  witnesses,  and  ackowledged  in  due  form,  before  Judg 
Wilson.  Such  were  tlie  formalities  with  which  our  distinguisliei 
men  of  former  days  tliought  it  best  to  transact  importan 
business  and  neither  their  cotemporaries  or  successors  were  i\\ 
worse  for  their  precauti<ms.  On  the  12th  April,  he  announce 
to  Bishop  Provost,  his  intended  removal  from  the  city,  and  tha 
he  should  no  longer  be  a  candidate  for  his  office  of  climc 
warden  of  Trinity  Church,  which  he  had  then  held  since  178' 
and  of  which  church  he  had  been  a  vestryman  some  years  betbi 
the  Revolution.  The  vestry  passed  resolutions  highly  acce})t{ 
ble  to  Mr.  Duane,  which  were  transmitted  to  bin),  at  tlie 
request,  by  the  Bisliop,  in  a  letter  expressive  of  his  regard  an 
regret  in  such  terms  as  befitted  their  relations  as  old  friends 

Judge  Duane  removed  a  few  days  after  to  Schenectady,  whe 
he  owned  some  property,  and  where  he  had  frequejitly  spe: 
part  of  the  year  witli  his  family,  designing  to  remain  in  timt  ci 
until  lie  could  carry  into  effect  his  intention  of  fixing  his  perm 
nent  residence  in  Duaneshurgh.  His  private  business  gave  hi 
sufficient  occupation,  his  estate  consisting  principally  of  wi 


HON.   JAMU  DUANB 


1083 


lands  purchased  hrfore  the  revohitlon,  and  which  by  leasing  and 
Improving  in  liis  own  hands  lie  was  endeavoring  to  render  pro- 
ductive. His  Vermont  lands  liad  been  released  to  that  state  by 
New  York,  against  Ids  consent,  under  promise  of  a  trilling 
equivalent,  and  even  tliat  not  paid  until  some  time  after  Ids 
death.  He  considered  our  State  bound  to  nmlte  go(.d  the  loss 
of  its  citizens  in  relinquishing  these  lands,  and  among  his 
papera  is  part  of  a  brief  on  the  subject  prepfued  for  Mr. 
Harrison,  who  once  argued  the  matter  before  the  Assembly  on 
behalf  of  the  proprietors.  In  1795  he  liad  the  gratification  of 
witnessing  the  consecration,  by  Bisliop  Provost,  of  an  Episcopal 
church  he  had  erected  in  Duanesburgh,  at  his  own  expense, 
lu  1796  he  commenced  building  a  i.ouse  in  that  town  lor  his 
own  residence,  but  he  never  lived  to  complete  it.  On  the 
morning  of  the  first  of  February,  1797,  just  a»s  he  was  about  to 
rise,  he  was  taken  with  an  affection  of  tlie  heart,  and  expired 
immediately. 

This  notice  of  his  public  employments  shows  the  esteem  and 
respect  in  wluch  the  Hon  Jamks  Duane  was  universally  held  ; 
in  private  life  there  is  no  tradition  of  Ins  having  ever  lost  a 
friend.  He  was  of  a  kind,  cheerful,  and  social  disposition,  fond 
of  society,  and  well  calculated  to  bear  a  prominent  part  in  it, 
whether  the  amenities  and  courtesies  of  life  were  required  to  be 
exercised,  or  whether  grave  matters  of  business  were  topics  of 
discussion.  Many  societies  in  other  states  enrolled  him  among 
their  members.  He  was  an  honorary  member  of  the  Cincinnati 
Society  in  July,  1784,  attended  tlieir  meetings,  was  one  of  their 
committee  of  correspondence,  and  aided  in  procuring  the  altera- 
tion in  their  constitution  that  took  away  tlie  jealousy  of  so  many 
of  the  ardent  democracy  of  the  country.  No  layman  of  the 
Episcopal  cluirch  was  more  instrumental  thnn  himself  in  uniting 
all  its  members  in  the  United  States  under  one  constitution,  and 
in  obtaining  the  consecration  of  her  first  bishops. 

At  his  death  Judge  Duane  was  survived  by  his  widow,  one 
wn  and  four  daugliters.  The  son  was  the  late  James  C.  Duane, 
of  Schenectady.  His  oldest  daughter  married  the  late  General 
Nortii  of  Duanesburgh,  and  is  long  since  dead.  His  second 
daughter  married  George  W.   Featherstonhaugh,  an  £i:glish 


I 


1084 


MEMOIR   OF   THK   HON.    JAMES    DUANE. 


gfntleman,  who  aftor  her  death  returned  to  England,  and  ha; 
been  for  some  years  consul  at  Havre.  Another  daughtei 
married  the  late  Alfred  S.  Pell  Esq.,  and  Is  yet  living  in  th< 
city  of  New-York,  and  the  remahiing  daughter  resides  li 
Duanesburgh,  and  for  lier  disposition  and  deeds  of  charity,  is  th( 
worthy  representative  of  li^sr  distinguished  father. 

Judge  Duane  is  interred  under  the  church  he  built  in  Duanes 
burgh,  and  a  neat  mural  tablet  within  the  church  is  erected  t( 
his  memory.  His  widow  survived  until  1821,  and  is  buriec 
beside  her  husband,  and  a  similar  monument  to  his,  records  hei 
meuiory,  and  reminds  us  of  her  virtues.  There  are  two  originii 
portraits  of  Judge  Duane  preserved ;  one  by  Coply,  painted 
about  the  year  1773,  now  in  tlie  possession  of  his  great  grand 
daughter,  Mrs.  Weston, of  Augiista,  Maine  ;  the  other  painted  h} 
C.  W.  Peale,  about  the  close  of  the  revolution,  now  in  th« 
possession  of  his  grandson,  James  Duane,  of  Franklin  county 
and  of  which  the  one  in  the  City  Hall,  of  New- York,  is  a  copy 


1/  .•, 


.r> 


«    i 


'       CLERGY  OP  THE  CITY  OF  NEW-YORK  IN  1796. 

Protestant  Episcopal.  Rt.  Rev,  Samuel  Provoost,  Bishop;  Revds.  Benj 
Moore,  D.D.,  Abraham  Beach,  D.D.,  John  Bisset  and  Joseph  Pllmore,  Recto 
ofChriBt'sCh. 

Rtformed  Dutch.  Revds.  J.  H.  Livingston,  D.D.S.  T.  P.,  Wm.  Linn,  D.D. 
Gtorardus  Arantz,  H.  Kuypers. 

Oerman  Calvinist.    Rev.  John  D.  Gross,  D.D. 

United  Lutheran.    Rev.  John  C.  Kunzc,  D.D. 

Presbyterian.  Revds.  John  Rodgers,  D.D.,  John  McKnight,  D.D.,  Samw 
Miller.  fri    -    ,      -f,'.  r    .        •   ^ 

Scotch  do.    Bev.  John  Mason.  ,  ,,    ^  , 

Jlssoc.  Congregation.    Rev.  John  Crea. 

Methodist.  Revds.  Daniel  Smith,  William  ?heohn9,  Jacob  Brush,  Eva 
Rogors,  Ezekiel  Cooper,  Laurence  McCombs,  David  P.  Candell. 

St.  Peter's,  Catholic.    Rev.  Charles  O'Brien. 

United  Brethren.    Rev.  Joseph  G.  Peter. 

Baptist.    Revds.  Benjn.  Foster,  D.D. ,  Adam  Hamilton, 

Independent.    Rev.  Mr.  Wall. 

Hebr$w.    Rev.  Gershom  Seixas 


/ 


•9N 


XVII. 


\  .      .). 


PROCLAMATION 


W-TORK  IN  1796. 


).D.S.T.P.,  Wm.  Linn,  D.D.. 


John  McKnight,  D.D.,  Samu* 


?heobu9,  Jacob  Brush,  Et»i 
livid  P.  Candell.     '• 


OF  THE  LAST  OF  THE  ROYAL  GOVERNORS  OF  NEW-YORK. 

wr.;  ■  ^ 

,_ ,       His  Excellency  Jamks  Robertson  Esquire,  Captain  General 

[  and  Governor-in-chief  in  and  over  tlie  Province  of  New 

.,  York  and  tlie  Territories  depending  thereon  in  America, 

Chancellor  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  same,  and  Major 

,      General  of  his  Majesty's  Forces. 

A  PROCLAMATION. 

The  King  having  been  graciously  pleased  to  honor  me  with 
tlie  care  of  a  Province,  where,  in  a  long  Residence,  I  have  con- 
tracted an  Estoem  for  some,  and  an  Affection  for  many  of  its 
Inhabitants  I  proceed  with  great  Pleasure  to  announce  his  benev- 
olent Intentions. 

It  is  his  Majesty's  wish,  by  tlie  Revival  of  the  Civil  Authority, 
to  prove  to  all  the  Colonies  and  Provinces,  that  it  is  not  liis 
Design  to  govern  America  by  Military  Law,  but  that  tliey  are  to 
ei\joy  all  the  Benefits  of  a  local  Legislation  and  their  former 
Constitution.  '  -  ;- 

To  this  End  I  have  brouglit  out  the  Royal  Appointments  for 
forming  the  Council,  and  supplying  tlie  Places  of  Lieutenant 
Governor  and  Cliief  Justice.  And  in  concurrence  with  the 
Commander-in-chief  of  tlie  British  Forces,  who  is  also  his  Majes- 
ty's Commissioner  for  restoring  Peace  to  the  Colonies,  I  shall  as 
speedily  as  the  publick  Exigencies  will  permit,  give  order  for 
(^ning  the  Coiirts  of  Judicature  and  convening  the  Assembly ; 
and  in  general  proceed  to  the  Execution  of  the  Powers  reposed 
in  me,  for  the  free  Course  and  complete  Re-Establishment,  both 
of  the  Legislative  and  Executive  Authority. 


4' 


,t 


•r 


1086 


PROCLAMATION  OF  THE  LAST 


S 


i.V%' 


iK 


%; 


»♦ , 


I  take  great  satisfaction  in  the  Anticipation  of  that  happy  d 
when  Relations,  Friends  and  Fellow-Citizens,  liaving  dismiss 
their  gloomy  Apprehensions,  shall  re-embrace  each  other,  a 
return  to  the  Offices,  Pleasures  and  Employments  of  Peat 
Your  Country  with  your  antient  Priviledges,  will  then  parti 
pate  in  an  extensive  Commerce  and  be  exempted  from  all  Tai 
tions  not  imposed  by  yourselves. 

Until  I  meet  you  regularly  in  General  Assembly  for  t 
Restoration  of  mutual  Confidence,  and  the  Remedying  of  privi 
as  well  as  public  Evils,  I  pledge  myself  to  Men  of  all  classes 
every  part  of  the  Province,  that  it  is  the  compassionate  Desi 
of  your  Sovereign  and  of  the  Parent  Country,  to  unite  in  Affi 
tion  as  in  Interest  with  the  Colonies  planted  by  her  hand  ai 
which  have  long  flourished  under  her  care ;  that  the  suggestio 
of  her  intention  to  impair  their  Rights  and  Priviledges  are  t 
Arts  of  Malice  and  Faction, — and  that  every  Insinuation  ma 
by  the  domestic  Enemies  of  Great  Britain  of  her  being  disposed 
abandon  the  Provinces  to  internal  Anarchy ;  and  the  Mischit 
of  their  jarring  Interests  and  Claims,  or  to  the  fraudulent  ai 
ambitious  views  of  foreign  popish  and  arbitrary  Powers  (of  who 
your  Fathers  had  a  wise  and  virtuous  Jealousy)  is  equally  fa] 
and  malicious. 

Happy  herself,  under  a  Constitution  which  is  the  Envy  a 
Admiration  of  surrounding  Nations,  she  wishes  to  include 
one  comprehensive  system  of  Felicity,  all  the  Branches  oi 
stock,  intimately  connected  by  the  Tiels  of  Language,  Manne 
Laws,  Customs,  Habits,  Interests,  Religion  and  Blood. 

I  lament  with  the  ingenuous  Thousands  of  America  who  i 
irreconcileable  to  the  unnatiu'al  Separation  so  inauspicious 
yourselves,  as  well  as  all  the  Rest  of  Your  Fellow  Subjects  in 
other  Quarters  of  the  World,  that  the  Few  who  have  fou 
Means  to  acquire  a  Sway  in  the  Management  of  your  Affa 
liave  been  averse  to  every  uniting  System  of  Policy  and  stu 
ously  shunned  tlie  Patlis  to  Harmony  and  Peace. 

But  it  is  not  my  aim  to  call  them  to  a  hopeless  and  mortify 
Review  of  their  Conduct.  Can  tliey  want  Evidence  at  this  d 
of  the  Detestation  of  their  Measures,  by  an  increasing  Majorit} 
their  own  Countrymen  ?    And  having  every  thing  to  fear  fi 


'-^; 


ROYAL  GOVERNOR  OF  NEW  YORK. 


1087 


!1 


their  exhausted  Patience,  I  warn  tlieni  to  desist  from  any  future 
Attempts  to  restrain  and  seduce  tlie  Loyalty  of  others,  and  wisely 
to  provide  against. their  Resentment,  by  signalizing  themselves 
as  heretofore  in  exciting  so  now  in  closing,  the  scene  of  their 
intollerable  Calamities.  And  I  hereby  give  the  strongest  Assur- 
ances of  effectual  Countenance,  Protection  and  support  to  all 
Persons  who  avail  tiiemselves  of  the  Proclamation  issued  by  liis 
Excellency  Sir  Henry  Clinton,  dated  at  James  Island  the  third 
day  of  March. 

Less  inclined  to  reproach  than  to  conciliate,  to  t^gravate  than 
to  forget,  even  the  Guilt  of  those,  who  privy  to  tlie  repeated 
Calls  of  (Grreat  Britain  to  Friendsliip  upon  Terms  adequate  to  the 
Desire  and  Expectation  of  their  Constituents,  yet  nevertheless 
forbore  to  reveal  them,  that  they  might  with  the  greater  Ease, 
press  the  Antient  Enmity  of  foreign  Foes,  to  the  aid  of  their 
own  Ambition  and  Avarice,  I  exhort  them  to  seek  an  Early 
Refuge  in  the  abundant  Clemency  of  the  Crown,  from  the  Perils 
to  which  they  have  exposed  t'lemselves  by  Measures  fraudulently 
concerted  and  tyrannically  inforced,  and  aflFording  by  the  com- 
plicated Miseries  they  have  brought  upon  their  Country,  and 
the  mighty  Ruin  still  impending,  irresistable  Evidence  of  the 
Folly  and  Malignancy  of  the  Councils  by  which  its  Affairs  have 
been  conducted. 

Towards  redressing  the  Disorders,  arising  from  the  Loss  or 
want  of  Charters  I  recommend  it  to  all  concerned,  to  apply 
without  Delay  in  the  ordinary  Course  for  Charters,  which  shall 
be  granted  as  soon  as  Civil  Authority  takes  place. 

As  to  the  Public  Books  of  Records,  so  important  to  your  Titles 
and  Estates  in  all  Parts  of  the  Colony  and  formerly  lodged  in  the 
Secretarie's  Office,  I  understand  that  tliey  were  separated  from 
the  Rest  by  the  provident  Circumspection  of  my  Predecessor, 
whose  merits  are  above  my  Applause  asd  have  often  had  yours ; 
and  having  been  afterwards  sent  Home  for  safe  Custody,  you 
may  rely  upon  their  being  carefully  preserved,  and  duly  returned 
as  soon  as  the  Common  tranquility  is  restored. 

I  now  call  upon  every  Individual  in  the  Colony,  to  shew  his 
Allegiance,  Fidelity  and  Patriotism,  by  affording  his  Assistance 
towards  accomplishing  tlie  Kings  most  gracious  Design  of  restor- 


1088   PROCLAMATION  OF  THE  LAST  ROYAL  GOVERNOR  OF  N.  Y. 

ing  the  Blessings  of  Peace  and  Good  Goveruiuent :    And  the 

who  shall  most  distinguish  themselves  by  their  laudable  Effort 

for  thesei  good  Purposes  will  most  assuredly  best  recommea 

themselves  to  the  Royal  Approbation  and  Favour. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  the  Great  Seal  of  th 

I:  Province  of  New  York  in  the  City  of  New  York 

.  '       the  Fil'teenth  Day  of  April  1780,  in  the  Twentietl 

'i.,      f       Year  of  his  Majesty's  Reign. 

James  Robertson. 
By  his  Excellency's  Command,  ^ 

Sam  Bayard  Jun'  D.  Sec'y. 

',  God  save  the  King.  .  ^ 


Where  is  this  Indian  Gbammak  and  Dictionart? — Father  Attdrew  Whiit 
an  English  Jesuit,  came  to  Maryland  as  a  Missionary  to  the  Indians  in  1638 
Alegambe  in  his  work  (in  the  State  Lib:)  entitled,  Mortes  illmtres  et  gest 
corum  de  Soc.  Jesu,  p.  32,  states,  that  the  worthy  father  had  prepared  wit! 
great  pains  a  Grammar,  Dictionary  and  Catechism  of  the  tribe  among  whom  h 
labored.  He  had  in  hands,  when  Alegambe  wrote,  Expeditionem  et  Historiai 
ejus  gentis.  It  were  well  if  enquiries  were  made  for  these  MSS.  by  th 
Uepresentatives  of  the  United  States  at  Some  and  London. 

A  Relic. — An  ancient  mourning-ring  was  plowed  up  a  few  weeks  since 
the  beautifully  situated  country-seat  formerly  occupied  by  the  illustrious  Fultoi 
near  Oak  Hiil,  Columbia  county,  N.  Y.    It  is  of  gold,  very  thick  and  heavy,  an 
on  its  outer  circle  bears  an  inscription,  in  gold  letters  on  a  back  ground  as  fo 
lows: — "  PKTER  SCHTLER,  OB.  I.  s£p.  1754 — JE.  30  6."     Whether  the  gentlerat 
whose  death  is  recorded  by  the  memento  was  the  father  or  the  brother  of  Ge 
eral  Schuyler,  a  patriot  of  the  Revolution,  we  are  unable  to  say,  and  must  lea' 
to  be  determined  by  those  who  are  better  acquainted  with  the  history  of  tl 
family.    In  a  book  of  genealogies,  we  perceive  that  the  Schuylers  intcrmarrii 
with  the  Van  Rcnsselaers  and  Livingstons,  and  it  is  probable  that  they  were  al 
related  to  tb^  Fulton  family.    It  is  upward  of  twenty-five  years  since  the  latt 
resided  at  tLv  above  mentioned  place,  and  we  are  informed  by  a  fritnd  who  late 
visited  it,  that  the  once  elegant  mansion  of  the  successful  prqjector  of  stea 
navigation  is  now  rapidly  falling  into  decay.    The  only  part  inhabited  is  t 
the  basement,  while  the  spacious  dining-room  and  parlors,  where  distinguish 
guests  were  wont  once  to  assemble,  are  now  used  for  the  sole  purpose  of  stori 
the  produce  of  the  farm.     As  an  instance  of  the  mutations  of  time,  it  may 
mentioned  that  the  present  owner  was  for  a  long  period  coachman  to  the  faniil 
After  the  death  of  Fulton,  he  commenced  working  the  farm  on  shares,  and, 
dint  of  industry  and  economy,  was  eventually  enabled  to  purchase  the  whole 
it.    He   is   now  possessed  of  a  very  handsome   competency. — N.  Y.  Co 
Advert.  July,  1861. 


1] 


BOVEBNOR  OFN.  y. 

»veruinent:  And  they 
^  their  laudable  Efforts 
iredly  best  recommend 
d  Favour, 
the  Great  Seal  of  the 
the  City  of  New  York, 
11780,in  the  Twentieth 

gn. 

James  Robertson. 


ae  King. 


NAKi?— Father  Atidrew  Whiie, 
ssionary  to  the  Indians  in  1638. 
itled,  Mortea  illustres  et  gesta 
,rthy  father  had  prepared  with 
jm  of  the  tribe  among  whom  Iw 
•ote,  Expeditionem  et  Historiam 
made  for  these  MSS.  by  tlie 
id  London. 

.owed  up  a  few  weeks  since  at 
[cupiedby  the  illustrious  Fulton, 
gold,  very  thick  and  heavy,  and 
letters  on  a  back  ground  as  foL 
JO  6."     Whether  the  gentleman 
le  father  or  the  brother  of  Gen- 
ro  unable  to  say,  and  must  leave 
qualntcd  with  the  history  of  the 
that  the  Schuylers  intermarried 
t  is  probable  that  they  were  also 
twenty -five  years  since  the  latter 
•e  informed  by  a  friend  who  lately 
,e  successful  prqjector  of  steam 
The  only  part  inhabited  is  the 
and  parlors,  where  distinguished 
id  for  the  sole  purpose  of  storing 
;he  mutations  of  time,  it  may  he 
Ig  period  coachman  to  the  family, 
fcing  the  farm  on  shares,  and,  hy 
■nabled  to  purchase  the  whole  of 

,me   competency.— iV^.  Y.  Com 


\m 


vnii-'i':'Af.-i]'\'h  ."' 


xvm. 


MEMORIAL 


CONCERNING  THE  IROQUOIS 

OB 

FIVE  CONV: .  IRATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS 

PROVINCE  OF  NEW-YORK: 


IR  WBIOH 


IHBIR  PRESENT  STATE,  NUMBERS  AND  SITUATION  ARE  SET  FORTH;  AB 

QDMBNTS  WHY   OOVERNMENT   SHOULD   INTERPOSE  FOR   THEIR 

CONVERSION  TO  CHRISTIANITY  AND  REDUCTION  TO  A  CIVI- 

USED  STATE  ARE  ADDUCED;  A  PLAN  FOR  THEIR  CONVER- 

SION  IS  LAID  DOWN;  CIRCUMSTANCES  WHICH  PROMISE 

SUCCESS  TO  SUCH  AN  ATTEMPT  AT  THIS  TIME  ARE 

POINTED  OUT,  AND  SOME  OBJECTIONS  TO  THE 

DESIGN  ARE  OBVIATED. 


,!><■)  Jf 


BVHBLT  ADDRESSED 


r.v  ihv-  >>>->« 


TO  THE  BIGHT  HONOBABLE  THE  EABL  OF  HILLSB0B0U6H. 

BY  REV.  CHARLES  INGLIS, 
Of  Trinity  Choioh,  N.  Y. 


f 


Vol.  17. 


69 


'¥ 


4 


.iir/x 


I- » .  ' 


'^'^''t 


.* '"' 

^'v'^ 

m;*- 


M\ 


»,  # 


•^ 


^  THE  READER 

In  the  year  1770,  the  Bev.  Oharles  Inglis,  then  assistant  minister  of  Ti 
Ghurch,  New>York,  paid  a  visit  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson.  His  interest  ii 
spiritual  and  moral  wantf  of  thf  9|if  )fatiapf  fv^t,  i|  ifould  seem,  then  av< 
ed,  and  the  result  was,  the  {»res0nt  "  Memorial  concerning  the  Iroquois,"  v 
having  been  ''  copied  out  fair  in  a  good  Hand,  and  in  a  quarto  size,  and  hi 
a  Marble  cover,  ^ith,  (Jql,  Jo]^99op's  %QCTilWt?  an^  H^^t  Map  pref 
made  a  handsome  lookifig  t*amphlet,"  {AnU,  468.)  and  was  sent  in  ! 
to  Lord  Hillsborough,  then  Secretary;  of  State,  with  recommendations 
Gov.  Tryon  and  Sir  Wm.  Johnson.  The  history  of  the  recovery  of  i 
intieiieatiog  dooume^tB  is  %  mfttter  pf  i|>tere^  in  %  Itte^^ry  pfipM)  9f  view.  4 
three  years  ago,  the  late  Mr.'Rich,  oif  London,  presented  a  collection  of  \ 
and  Cliarts  to  the  New- York  State  Library.  Among  them  was  found  the 
Johnson  Map,  in  MS.  Sometime  afterwards,  in  arranging  Sir  William  J 
son's  MSS.  for  thf  Libr^r^,  \  cpfre8ponder.cf  was  dwc^verf  A  '^between  bin 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis,  from  which  it  appeared  that  this  Map  was  prepared  to  ac 
pany  a  "  Memorial,"  drawn  up  by  ^  I«At«r  on  the  subject  of  christianizini 
Five  Nations.  This  correspondence  is  included  in  section  XII  of  this  Vol 
Iq  the  hi^pe  pf  obtaining  some  due  to  this  paper,  the  Regents  of  the  Uniyt 
caused  eviquii^  tp  \g)  made  on  th«  subject  amoog  the  4eDPiend(mts  of  J^r,  ^i 
who,  it  will  ]»9  ?«ooU9ft«d,  removed,  at  the  close  of  tlie  Revelntion,  to 
Scotia,  of  whieh  proTince  he  va9  the  first  hishop.  This  ^i^uiry  has  been 
■acccessful,  an4.M>  the  Hon,  Mr.  Fairbanks,  member  of  the  Legislative  Co 
of  N.  S.,  is  the  State  indebted  for  the  present  copy  of  Dr.  Inglis'  Menu 
There  are  few  instances  in  which  a  MS.  has  been  traced  through,  and  comp 
Irom  such  various  sources.  Ed        i"^*"^-  ',i.i;i.:.i 

■  :^:cnT:-iJUAiCOZ(;;     •    '.uui  ui 


(UlJJ^HKJvii.!.: 


It  . ' 


,1  .K  .cinuirj  \rJfnhT  10 


•■-■v.. 


«d 


Vl 


sr*' 


.#.;■' 


*  ,    ^ 


■'  ,.lf-*  ♦ 


4 


LDER 

I,  then  assistant  minister  of  Trinitj ' 
rm.  Johnson.    His  interest  in  thi  j 
ly  yr^  \\  fould  seem,  then  awaken- 
■ial  corncerning  the  Iroquois,"  which  I 
nd,  and  in  a  quarto  size,  and  having  I 
^QCTiPdt?  aq4   «fl^t   Map   prefixed,' 
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State,  with  recommendations  from 
I  history  of  the  recovery  of  these! 
\  In  %  lit«^>ry  ptiftt  0f  view.  Ak<>nt| 
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A  MEMORIAL  CONCERNING  THE  IROQUOIS,  &c. 

«  i 

My  Lord, 

The  IroqUbis,  or  Five  Conflsderate  Nations  of  Indians  distin- 
guished and  known  by  tliat  name,  are  settled  on  tiie  frontier  of 
the  Province  of  New-Yorlc.  From  the  first  reduction  of  this 
Province  by  the  British  anns,  they  entered  into  a  strict  alliance 
with  the  English,  which  they  Iiave  always  inviolably  observed. 
History  perhaps  cannot  cannot  furnish  an  instance  where  a 
treaty  of  this  kind  has  been  more  faithfully  adhered  to.  It 
subsisted  upwards  of  an  hundred  years  witiiout  any  ni«.teriaL 
breach  on  their  part,  if  we  will  only  except  such  as  were  drawn 
over  to  the  French  by  Popish  missionaries,  and  who,  on  embrace 
log  their  religion,  adopted  their  civil  interests  also. 

Those  Nations,  ever  since  their  union  in  a  league  of  confede- 
racy, were  greatly  superior  in  courage  and  military  skill  to  the 
other  savages  of  North  America.  From  that  period,  which 
commenced  before  we  liad  any  ^knowledge  of  this  Province,  they 
have  been  the  terror  of  aU  the  neighboring  tribes,  most  of  which 
they  liave  subdued  ;  some  they  have  entirely  extirpated.  The 
spirit  of  conquest  carried  them  far  beyond  the  limits  of  their 
own  native  districts.  They  have  extended  their  empire  over  a 
tract  of  country  twelve  hundred  miles  in  length,  from  north  to 
south,  and  six  hundred  in  breadth,  from  east  to  west. 

Their  alliance  with  the  English  naturally  led  them  to  take 

part  with  us  when  at  war  with  France.    The  Freneh  have  often 

severely  felt  the  power  of  their  arms.    The  Iroquois  have  more 

I  than  once  defeated  the  united  forces  of  the  French,  and  their 

I  confederate  Indians,  and  have  earried  fire  and  sword  into  the 

very  heart  of  their  settlements,  threatening  them  with  utter 

rulQ.    They  formed  a  barrier  along  our  frontiers  against  the 

'French  and  the  savages  in  their  interest ;  and  by  this  protec-^ 

tion,  and  the  Ip^r^tive  trade  we  carried  on  with  them,  they 


•A 


! 


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M.*i  ,           ^m 

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%* ' ''  •    '  '  ^H' 

l^f '•'■'• 

^  ;.;■..     ■ 

1092  MEMORIAL  CONCERMINO  THE  IROQUOIS  OR 

greatly  contributed  to  raise  this  Province  to  its  present  flou 
isliing  state. 

Tlie  Five  Confederate  Nations  are  the  Mohawks,  the  Oneida 
the  Onondagas,  the  Cayugas  and  the  Senelcas.  To  these  may  I 
added  the  Tuscaroras,  who  moved  some  years  ago  from  tl 
south,  were  taken  into  the  confederacy,  and  incorporated  wit 
the  Five  Nations. 

Tlie  continual  wars  in  which  the  Iroquois  have  been  ei 
gaged,  have  considerably  reduced  their  number  from  what 
was  formerly.  This  is  particularly  the  case  of  the  Mohawk 
They,  by  their  wisdom  in  council  and  bravery  in  the  field,  hs 
gained  an  ascendancy  over  the  other  tribes  which  they  pre8er\ 
.  to  this  day.  In  all  deliberations  which  relate  to  tlie  conimo 
interest  of  the  confederacy,  and  in  the  execution  of  every  eiite 
prise,  the  Mohawks  generally  take  the  lead.  Being  situated  \\ 
most  easterly,  and  consequently  the  nearest  to  our  fir 
settlements,  of  any  of  the  Five  Nations',  the  missionaries  sent  h 
the  Society  for  the  Propagatioi^of  the  Gospel  in  foreign  Part 
to  convert  tlie  Indians  of  this  Province,  resided  among  then 
Tlie  labors  of  those  missionaries  were  attended  wiin  such  succes 
that  in  time  the  whole  nation  was  brought  over  to  christi«iiit 
This  attached  the  Mohawks  more  firmly  to  us.  Tliey  ahva; 
stood  forth  our  faithful  allies,  especially  in  the  late  war,  thouf 
in  the  course  of  it,  the  greater  part  of  their  bravest  warrio 
perished.  Our  victories  were  often  purchased  at  the  expen 
of  their  blood,  for  they  were  among  the  first  in  almost  eve 
danger.  t-'  ! >'' 

The  Mohawks  have  three  villages — Schoare,  Fort  Hunt 
and  Canajohare.  These  are  all  within  the  English  settlemen 
and  contain  four  hundred  and  twenty  souls.  Fort  Hunter, 
central  village,  where  a  missionary  l^om  the  Society  now  resid 
is  distant  from  Albany  forty  miles.*  The  Oneidas  are  situa 
eighty  miles  west  from  the  Mohawks,  somewhat  beyond  our 
tleraents,  and  have  two  villages  containing  six  hundred  soi 
Many  of  the  Oneidas  profess  Christianity,  being  instructed  pai 

'#     *  The  city  of  Albany  lies  on  Hudson's  Biver,  almost  duo  north  from  the 
•f  New- York,  and  about  150  miles  distant  ftom  it.         .  ,      .     . 


f 


i*i-««-V 


FIVE  COMFEDERATK  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS. 


1003 


hy  French  Jesuits,  partly  by  a  dissenting  teacher,  lately  sent 
among  them,  but  chiefly  by  the  Society's  missionaries  to  the 
Moliawks.  Next  to  the  Oneidas  are  the  Onondagas,  at  the 
distance  of  forty  miles  westerly  ;  their  number  is  eight  hundred. 
The  Cayugas,  amounting  to  one  thousand  and  forty,  are  forty 
miles  southwest  of  the  Onondagas.  The  Senekas,  forty  miles 
northwest  of  the  Cayugas,  are  in  number  four  thousand,  dis- 
persed in  several  villages ;  and  the  Tuscaroras  amount  to  one 
tliousand.  Very  few  of  the  four  tribes  last  mentioned  have  any 
impressions  of  Christianity.  The  extensive  country,  inhabited 
by  all  these  Indians,  is  open,  healthy,  and  in  general  ex- 
tremely fertile.  It  is  watered  by  several  rivers  navigable  for 
battoes,  which  are  very  advantageous  to  commerce,  as  there  are 
only  a  few  miles  of  land  carriage  from  Albany  to  Oswego  on 
Lake  Ontario.  These  Nations  are  able  to  bring  two  thousand 
fighting  men,  at  least,  into  the  field.  ^ 

Such  a  multitude  of  people,  if  reduced  to  order  and  civil  life, 
and  attached  to  us  by  ties  of  religion,  would  evidently  be  a  great 
acquisition  to  the  community.  To  efiect  this  must  therefore  be 
the  wish  of  every  Friend  to  the  State  ;  and  I  flatter  myself  with 
your  Lordship's  indulgence  whilst  attempting  to  point  out  a 
method  by  which  it  may  be  accomplished,  especially  as  I  con- 
ceive it  to  be  a  duty  owing  to  His  Majesty  and  to  the  public. 

Manners  are  the  result  of  principles.  The  former  naturally 
flow  from,  and  are  regulated  by,  the  latter.  Hence  we  find  that 
Barbarity  and  brutal  vices,  such  as  are  pernicious  to  mankind, 
have  always  been  the  portion  of  ignorant  nations;  and  that  Virtue 
and  the  polished  manners  of  social  life,  have  distinguished  those 
who  were  enlightened  with  knowledge.  In  order  to  civilise  the 
Iroquois,  it  is  necessary  to  begin  with  instructing  tliem,  espe 
cially  in  the  principles  of  Religion.  Christianity  is  well  adapted 
to  tills  purpose.  Whilst  it  has  a  more  immediate  and  important 
end  in  view,  which  equally  concerns  all ;  it  insensibly  forms 
moral  habits,  corrects  irregulariiies,  and  disposes  the  mind  to 
submit  to  the  restraints  of  government  and  laws  ;  without  giving 
any  alarm  to  the  Savages,  who  are  extremely  jealous  of  their 
liberty,  and  wedded  to  their  present  mode  of  life. 

I  shall  not  consider  this  subject  in  a  religious  view,  nor  adduce 


1001 


MKMORiAL  oovomniKa  THs  laoQvoif  cm 


l)  'I 


'^  , 


•  ^ 


n 


ri  *^  ^'  ■^' 


th«oIogioB]  arguments  tor  undertaking  the  Oonversion  of  th« 
Savages.  I  shall  oonflne  myielf  to  such  as  are  raerelj  political ; 
and  only  mention  their  couTersion  as  being  subservient  to  thi 
purpose  of  civiilftlog  them,  and  riveting  them  more  firmly  to  oui 
Interest.  H  may  not,  however,  be  improper  to  observe  here, 
tliat  if  we  belieVe  there  is  a  €k)d,  and  a  future  state  of  rewards 
and  punishments,  if  our  future  liappiness  or  misery  depends  on 
our  conduct  here,  if  Christianity  gives  the  Justest  notions  of  the 
Deity,  teaches  that  woiihip  whieh  is  most  worthy  of  Him,  as 
well  as  the  purest  morals,  and  promotes  the  happiness  of  States 
and  Individual»— if,  I  say,  we  believe  all  this,  certainly  humanity 
should  induce  us  to  dWuse  tiie  liglit  of  Christianity  among  those 
poor  Savages  who  have  been  so  &ithfUl  and  serviceable  to  us. 

The  conversion  of  the  Iroquois  is  evidently  one  of  the  first 
steps  that  sliould  be  taken  to  attaoh  them  firmly  to  our  interest, 
and  civilise  them.  Some  progress  has  been  already  made  in 
this  by  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Qospel  in  Foreign 
Paris,  and  they  still  support  a  tnissk)nary  and  two  sohoolmasters 
among  the  Mohawks.  But  however  willing  to  engage  further 
in  this  laudable  design,  the  Society  are  precluded  flrom  it  by  the 
bw  state  of  their  funds.  The  expense  attending  it  is  greater 
than  they  are  able  to  bear.  A  plan  more  enlarged,  and  meas^ 
ures  more  rigorous  than  tlieir  circumstances  can  possibly  admit 
must  be  pursued,  befbre  such  a  change  can  take  place  amonj 
the  Iroquois  as  would  be  beneficial  to  the  State  in  so  high  i 
degree,  and  so  extensively  as  were  to  be  wished,  and  migh 
reasonably  be  expected.  1  he  only  Resource  to  which  appliea 
tion  can  be  made  ia  thir>  case  is  the  government,  and  indee( 
good  policy  requires  that  the  Crown  should  be  principal]] 
concerned  in  this  business.  The  following  reasons  and  argu 
ments  are  therefore  humbly  offered  to  shew  why  governmen 
should  interpose  in  this  matter,  and  attempt  the  conversion  oi 
the  Iroquois. 

The  conversion  of  these  Indians  will  entirely  secure  thei 
friendsliip.  Tiiis  has  been  Sncontestibly  proved  by  the  conduc 
of  the  Mohawks.  Tliese  were  brought  over  to  Cliristianity  b] 
the  Society's  missionaries,  and  accordingly  they  have  alway 
proved  faithful  alHes  to  us,  particularly  in  the  late  war,  durin 


nr%  OOirrBPBlATB  HATWM  OV  IMMAIM. 


?10M 


whieh  tiMy  were  as  actiro  id  our  caitse  as  any  of  the  King's 
lubjectfl.  Th6y  are  the  dnly  hkaliana  of  whom  this  can  tirietiy 
be  said,  as  tliey  are  only  Indians  who  wcro  converted  by  us. 
For  although  the  other  tribes  of  the  Iroquois  were  In  alliance 
with  us,  yet^  through  the  praetioes  of  Frenoh  priests,  and  other 
Emissaries,  this  dily  restrtiined  them  from  doing  us  mischiet 
la  general  they  afibrded  but  little  assistance  in  aoting  offensively 
against  enemies.  I  say  in  general^  for  several  men  from  each 
of  the  tribes  Joined  us,  and  fought  for  us. 

The  friendship  of  the  Iroquois  should  be  gained  and  settled 
on  the  firmest  basis,  as  it  will  be  of  the  utmost  consequence  to 
nl  in  case  of  any  futiure  attempt  by  the  Frenoh  on  Canada,  or 
iny  of  the  other  adjoining  provinoes.  Those  Indians  who  have 
been  christianised  by  the  French,  are  as  much  attached  to  them 
M  our  converts  are  to  Us.  This  is  true  even  of  such  of  the 
Iroquois  as  have  beeii  converted  to  Popery  by  French  priests. 
In  tlie  last  century,  before  we  made  any  attempts  to  instruct  the 
Iroquois  in  the  principles  of  Christianity,  a  number  of  the 
Mohawks  were  brought  over  to  Popery,  and  the  French  interest 
by  some  Jesuits  from  Canada,  the  consequenre  of  which  was, 
that  they  separated  from  tlieir  bretiiren,  removed  into  Canada, 
became  firm  friends  to  tite  French  and  zealous  professors  of 
Popery,  as  their  descendants  are  at  this  day.  These  are  now 
Icnown  by  tlie  name  of  Cuclmawaga  Indians.  It  should  be 
farther  observed,  that  there  are  now  many  Frenoh  missionaries 
among  the  Indians — perhaps  as  many  as  ever,  and  their  success, 
already  great,  will  increase  still  in  proportion  to  our  neglect. 
They  are  very  careful  to  preserve  their  influence  over  xi\«i 
Indians,  by  keeping  their  converts  steady  in  the  faith  they  were 
taught,  and  gaining  new  pi-oselytes.  They  are  busy  in  sowing 
the  seeds  of  discontent  among  the  Savages,  which  th  y  will 
continue  to  do  as  long  as  they  have  an  intercotirfir)  with  any 
part  of  the  Continent,  notwithstanding  our  utmost  vigilance  to 
prevent  it.  Tlie  residence  of  a  Popish  BlsUop  in  Canada  will 
greatly  favour  tliose  proceedings.  Animated,  by  ]ils  presence, 
and  united  by  his  authority  and  direction,  the  Missionaries  Will 
exert  themselves  with  vigor,  and  having  tlve  power  of  ordination, 
the  Bishop  can  increase  tlie  number  of  those  Missionaries  as 


i 


1096 


MEMORIAL  OOKCEBiriNO  THE  IROQUOIf  OR 


/ 


occiii}on  may  require.  It  must  be  evident  at  first  view,  tha 
the  Indians  are  tlius  entirely  left  in  tlie  hands  of  Popish  Clei 
men,  tfaue  greatest  inconveniences  may  in  time  arise  from 
Even  the  Iroquois  will  probably  be  added  to  their  converts, 
no  circumstance  can  b6  conceived  more  inviting  or  favorabl 
any  hostile  attempt  in  tliose  parts  I  y  the  French,  than  ha^ 
so  many  thousands  of  savages,  all  brained  up  to  arms  and  devc 
to  their  interests,  prepared  to  join  them.  It  is  necessary,  th( 
fore,  that  we  should  prevent  as  &r  as  we  can  those  111  co: 
quences,  which  may  be  justly  apprehended,  by  endeavoring 
ehristianise  the  Iroquois,  and  bind  them  to  us  by  the  ties 
Religion.  They  will  hereby  greatly  help  to  defeat  any  de: 
that  may  hereatlter  be  formed  by  the  French  against  Canada 
our  other  provinces.  They  will  also  serve  as  a  counterpoisi 
the  numerous  tribes  of  Indians  the  French  have  already  ( 
v«rted,  and  by  that  means  fixed  in  their  interests,  ready  to  t 
arms  for  them  when  an  occasion  may  ofier. 

These  reflections  will  receive  additional  weight  by  considei 
that  the  Iroquois  themselves  have  often  requested  Missions 
might  be  sent  to  them,  and  are  much  dissatisfied  at  \n 
neglected  in  matters  of  religion  by  the  government.    T 
frequently  express  their  dissatisfaction  and  uneasiness  on 
head.    They  are  surprised  that  when  the  present  governn 
supports  two  Popish  Missionaries  among  Indians  who  ar( 
another  religion,  and  fought  against  us  during  the  last); 
they  who  were  our  friends,  who  shed  their  blood  in  our  cs 
and  profess  the  same  religion,  should  be  passed  over  and  ( 
neglected.    Their  surprise  is  not  at  all  abated  by  reflectin 
they  often  do,  that  the  clamorous  demands  of  those  pt 
Indians,   accompanied    with    menaces,   proved    successfu 
obtaining  Missionaries,  whilst  their  mild  and  equitable  req 
to  the  same  purpose  have  been  always  rejected.     They  pre 
furtlier  to  make  a  comparison  between  our  conduct  and  th 
the  French  In  this  respect,  which  is  always  to  the  advantag 
the  latter,  who  constantly  paid  the  closest  attention  to  the 
version  of  the  Indians.    These  things  they  have  sagacity  en 
to  observe.    Even  those  who  care  little  about  religion 
mention  them  with  warmth,  considering  all  tliis  as  the  elTc 


t  IROQUOIS  OE 


FIVE  CONFEDERATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS. 


1097 


disregard  to  them,  and  our  neglect  of  them  besides  in  these 
matters,  gives  them  a  mean  opinion  of  onr  principles  and  wis- 
dom. It  were  needless  to  say  that  this  disposition  will  afford 
great  advantages  to  the  French  priests,  and  procure  them  a 
more  favorable  reception,  which  they  will  not  fail  to  improvei 
Under  these  circumstances  the  affection  of  the  Indians  will  be 
alienated  from  us  more  and  more,  to  which  the  pomp  and  cere- 
monies of  the  Romish  religion,  with  wliich  the  Savages  are  much 
captivated,  will  not  a  little  contribute.  The  only  method  that 
ig  left  to  counteract  this  and  prevent  the  bad  consequences  that 
mast  evidently  attend  it,  is  to  send  Protestant  Missionaries 
among  the  Iroquois.  Establishments  of  this  kind,  if  properly 
supported,  will  be  a  counterpoise  to  the  advantages  those  Popish 
Missionaries  possess, .  and  to  the  assiduity  of  their  endeavors. 
Hereby  those  Savages  who  are  yet  in  the  bosom  of  heathenism, 
may  be  brought  to  the  knowledge  of  Christianity,  and  preserved 
from  their  influence  j  those  more  perfectly  instructed,  who  have 
received  some  impressions  of  religion,  and  the  false  prejudices 
they  have  embibed  from  Romish  priests  entirely  removed. 

These  advantages  already  mentioned  resulting  from  the  con- 
version of  the  Iroquois  are  very  great.  It  would  be  making 
faithful  allies  or  subjects  of  those  wlio  otherwise  might  prove 
dangerous  enemies,  whicli  is  a  mattier  of  real  importance.  But 
besides  this,  there  are  many  other  benefits  which  would  arise 
from  it.  Our  frontier  settlements  are  extended  to  a  great 
length ;  they  are  defenceless,  and  -open  to  the  incursions  of  an 
enemy.  Christianising  those  Indians  would  not  only  secure  a 
lasting  peace  with  them,  but  they  would  by  this  means  form  a 
barrier  to  our  frontiers  against  any  Indians  that  are  more  remote, 
and  might  be  at  war  wi^h  us.  The  security  of  our  frontiers 
would  contribute  to  the  quick  population  of  this  Province,  and 
among  several  advantages  of  which  this  would  be  productive^ 
the  following  is  one — that  as  the  lands  are  held  of  tlie  crown, 
and  pay  quit  rents,  this  branch  of  his  majesty's  revenue  would 
be  proportionably  increased.  Our  commerce  with  the  Indians 
would  also  gam 'by  their  conversion.  For  although  it  has  been 
alledged  by  some  who  .knew  little  of  Indian  affairs,  or  thought 
luperflcially  on  tlie  subject,  that  were  the  Indians  converted  to 


^ ' 


i  «l 


If  ; 

1>    ': 


t 


\ 


ie96 


MEBfOmiAL  COnOVBXnVO  TBK  IBOQUOiB  Oft 


b«..v  t 


^|,V^ 


i" » 


^2^ 


la* 


1^. 


'» 


>i  •  V 


Christianity)  and  civilized,  it  \^ouId  injure  our  trade  with  thei 
yet  the  reverse  of  this  is  evidently  true.  Indolence,  idlene 
ftnd  intemperance  are  inseparable  concomitants  of  a  savage  li 
A  Savage  life  also  obstructs  population.  A  civilised  state, 
the  contrary,  naturally  promotes  industry,  and  the  increase 
mankind.  Of  course  our  trade  with  the  Indians  would 
benefited  in  proportion  as  they  became  more  numerous  a 
industrious — the  consequence  of  their  being  civilised,  a 
brought  over  to  Christianity.  This  reasoning  is  obvious  a 
just,  and  supported  by  experience,  which  is  oiu*  surest  guide 
•uch  matters.  The  Mohawks,  to  mention  no  other  instance,  t 
in  some  measure  civilised.  They  cultivate  land,  several  of  th( 
have  learned  trades ;  all  have  fixed  habitations  ;  they  hate  a 
cattle  of  various  kinds,  many  of  the  conveniences  of  polisli 
life ;  are  professors  of  Christianity,  and  as  regular  and  virtue 
in  their  conduct  as  the  generality  of  white  people,  t^et  j 
Mohawks  are  still  alert  in  hunting,  like  the  other  tribes,  I 
•urpass  them  far  in  point  of  industry  in  other  respects,  and  ha 
increased  much  more  in  proportion  to  their  number  since 
late  war.  It  is  by  no  means  necessary  that  the  Indians  shoi 
eoutinue  savages  in  order  to  follow  hunting,  by  which  tli 
trade  with  us  is  carried  on.  That  employment  is  consistent  w 
the  duties  and  manners  of  civilised  life.  Many  of  the  Engl 
upply  themselves  to  hunting  as  well  as  the  Indians.  Supei 
affluence  only  is  what  wiU  call  them  from  this,  as  from  ot 
bi»nches  of  laborious  business.  And  it  cannot  admit  of  i 
doubt,  that  an  equal  number  of  people  who  are  civilised,  i 
thereby  made  Industrious,  will  be  more  serviceable  to  Commei 
and  to  the  State  in  general,  than  so  many  Savages,  whose  wa 
are  few,  and  who  are  indolent  to  the  last  degree. 

I  shall  not  enlarge  on  so  plain  a  case,  but  observe,  that  besi 
those  general  reasons  and  motives  wliich  induced  the  sev( 
European  states  that  made  settlements  in  America,  to  con^ 
the  natives,  and  in  doing  which  they  found  their  account ;  th 
are  many  others  peculiar  to  our  situation  which  conclude  in 
strongly  for  our  engaging  in  the  like  attempt.  Indeed 
English,  as  well  the  other  Christian  Powers,  liad  this  objec 
view  irom  the  first  establishment  of  Brittish  colonies  in  Amer 


B  IIUXltOIB  OH 


FIVE  CONFEDERATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS. 


1099 


This  appears  from  the  Charters  given  to  the  diflTerent  Provinces, 
in  wliich  the  conversion  of  the  Sa»age  Natives  is  expressly  men- 
tioned as  one  principal  motive  for  granting  them.  So  that  the 
interposition  of  Government  in  the  present  case,  is  no  more  than 
acting  conformably  to  the  avowed  design  of  the  Crown,  in  an 
instance  where  particular  ciroumstances  made  it  highly 
expedient. 

Perhaps  it  may  be  thought,  that  as  we  are  now  masters  of 
Canada,  and  the  Indians  dependent  on  us  for  Ammunition,  Armii 
«d  Clothing,  there  is  little  danger  to  be  apprehended  from  them^ 
lad  that  this  should  romove  any  anxiety  for  their  Conversion  or 
Induction  to  a  civilised  State.  nn 

I  answer,  that  this  opinion  seems  to  be  ill-founded  from  what 
has  been  said  already;  and  the  Inference  made  from  it,  is  repug-^ 
nant  to  the  plain  dictates  of  humanity  and  good  policy.  For 
surely  we  should  not  leave  those  Savages  a  Pi'ey  to  Intemperance 
and  the  other  miseries  of  their  prejant  state,  when  it  is  in  our 
power  to  alter  their  condition  so  much  for  the  better.  Especially 
tf  it  be  considered  that  we  have  been  instrumental  in  multiply^ 
lag  their  miseries  by  teaching  tliem  Vices  they  knew  not  before, 
and  that  the  near  approach  of  the  English  Settlers  administers 
to  those  Vices,  by  supplying  more  readily  what  will  surely 
butigate  the  Indians  to  the  perpetration  of  them.  Justice,  at 
least,  demands  that  we  should  apply  an  antidote  against  thdi 
Evils  we  have  brought  upon  them,  nor  can  this  be  done  otber^ 
vise  than  by  inculcating  Principles  which  will  restrain  thow 
Enormities. 

Bat  were  even  the  voice  of  Humanity  silent,  a  regard  for  our 
own  safety  and  interest  remonstrates  against  the  position  I  am 
considering.  The  Iroquois  are  a  bold,  fierce,  enterprising 
People,  and  much  addicted  to  War.  If  this  military  spirit  does 
not  find  employment  against  a  common  enemy,  or  is  not  diverted 
into  some  otiier  Channel,  and  softened  by  Culture,  it  will  occasion 
much  trouble,  and  be  directed  against  ourselves.  We  have 
already  experienced  this  since  the  conclusion  of  the  late  French 
war.  Ther')  have  been  several  commotions  among  tlie  savages 
since  that  time,  which  I  shall  pass  over,  and  only  mention  on* 
that  was  very  alarming.    In  the  year  1763,  several  Tribes  of  the 


I^»  ■ 


/ 


1100 


MEMORIAL  CONCERNING  THE  IROQUOIS  OR 


western  maians,  instigated  by  jealousy  at  our  Conquest 
Canada,  and  our  near  approach  to  them,  took  up  tlie  Hatcl 
against  us.    They  were  headed  by  Pondiac,  a  noted  Chief,  a 
Joined  by  several  of  the  Senekas.    In  a  few  months  they  cut  < 
no  less  than  eight  of  our  outposts,  and  totally  defeated  seve 
detachments  of  His  Majesty's  Troops  that  were  sent  against  the 
They  also  depopulated  our  frontiers  to  a  great  extent  and  ruii] 
the  Indian  trade  in  many  places.    It  was  with  great  diffieu 
and  expense,  after  much  time  and  the  loss  of  many  lives .  tl 
this  Insurrection  was  quelled.    To  these  Insurrections  we  sh 
be  continually  exposed,  whilst  the  Indians  are  unprincipled  a 
unsettled  as  at  present.     Tliey  will  be  ever  turbulent,  ready 
kindle  the  Flames  of  War  on  the  slightest  neglect  or  provocati( 
and  the  inconveniences  arising  flrom  such  Insurrections  are  I 
glaring  to  require  a  particular  delineation.    Besides  the  iuju 
to  Trade,  tlie  obstructioji  to  Population  which  they  must  occask 
and  the  lives  that  will  be  lost  before  they  can  be  suppress! 
one  of  those  Insurrections  may  put  the  Crown  to  greater  exper 
than  would  be  sufficient  to  support  for  several  years  the  m( 
sures  proposed  to  convert  and  civilise  the  Indians  j  by  which  tl 
would  forever  become  peaceable  Subjects,  and  useful  Memb 
of  society.    Let  me  add  that  the  Indians,  wlio  are  very  num 
ous,  will  always  have  it  in  their  power  to  distress  our  Trade  & 
Frontiers  much  ;  nor  will  they  be  at  a  loss  for  means  to  ena 
them  to  carry  on  those  hostilities.    Besides  tlie  resources  tl 
can  have  for  Ammunition,  Arms  and  Clothing  from  the  Spania 
by  way  of  the  Mississipi,  or  secretly  from  the  French  of  Canac 
there  are  many  in  our  Colonies,  who,  for  love  of  lucre,  wo 
supply  them  with  whatever  they  wanted.    This  has  been  alrei 
done,  when  the  Brittish  Empire  in  America  was  in  tlie  grea 
danger,  and  several  of  its  Provinces  reeking  with  the  blood 
their  inhabitants.     The  utmost  vigilance  of  Government  can 
jmt  a  slop  to  this  ;  and  there  is  no  reason  to  imagine  our  Vii 
and  public  spirit  are  increased,  or  will  increase,  so  far  a* 
prevent  it  entirely.    I  may  venture  to  affirm  tlwit  it  is  m 
necessary  now  than  ever  to  cultivate  a  friendship  with 
Iroquois,  and  secure  their  fidelity.    The  success  of  our  a 
against  Canada  has  raised  the  jealousy  of  almost  all  the  Indii 


m 


FIVE  CONFEDERATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS. 


1101 


IROQUOIS  OR 

isy  at  our  Conquest  of 
jm,  took  up  the  Hatchet 
NDiAC,  a  noted  Chief,  and 
I  few  months  they  cut  off 
i  totally  defeated  several 
lat  were  sent  against  them. 
I  a  great  extent  and  ruined 
was  with  great  difficulty 
6  loss  of  many  lives ;  that 
ese  Insurrections  we  shall 
lians  are  unprincipled  and 
le  ever  turbulent,  ready  to 
test  neglect  or  provocation, 
such  Insurrections  are  too 
ation.    Besides  the  injury 
Q  which  they  must  occasion, 
re  they  can  be  suppressed, 
,e  Crown  to  greater  expense 
[for  several  years  the  mea- 
I  the  Indians  ;  by  which  they 
ects,  and  useful  Memben 
Uans,  who  are  very  numer- 
er  to  distress  our  Trade  and 
t  a  loss  for  means  to  enable 
Besides  the  resources  they 
Clothing  from  the  Spaniards 
from  the  French  of  Canada; 
10,  for  love  of  lucre,  would 
ited .    This  has  been  already 
America  was  in  the  greatest 
reeking  with  the  blood  of 
ance  of  Gov<.'rnraent  cannot 
eason  to  imagine  our  Virtue 
will  increasoj  bO  far  as  to 
to  affirm  that  it  is  more 
•ate  a  friendship  with  the 
The  success  of  our  arms 
sy  of  almost  all  the  Indians. 


They  are  apprehensive  that  their  liberties  are  now  m  great 
danger,  as  the  English,  (of  whom  the  western  tribes  knew  little 
before,  and, whom  the  French  taught  them  to  despise,)  have 
gained  such  an  ascendancy  in  North  America.    They  observe 
our  progress  with  a  jealous  eye,  and  will  seize  every  opportu- 
nity of  combining  to  oppose  and  distress  us.    Against  such 
combioations  the  Iroquois  would  be  a  sufficient  barrier  and 
lecurity,  were  they  by  proper  care  fixed  in  our  interest.       •  '  ' 
To  these  Considerations  others  of  great  weight,  and  to  the 
same  purpose  might  be  added  respecting  the  French,  in  case  of 
any  design  on  Canada.    I  shall  not  repeat  what  has  been  already 
said  on  this  head,  but  content  myself  with  observing,  that  all 
human  aifairs  are  very  fluctuating  and  subject  to  great  Revolu- 
tions.   Our  possession  of  Canada  is  a  proof  of  it.    The  time 
may  come  when  things  will  take  a  difierent  turn,  and  the 
friendship  of  the  Indians  be  of  great  consequence  to  us.    No 
person  can  reasonably  doubt,  however  peaceable  and  satisfied 
the  Roman  Catholic  subjects  in  that  Province  may  appear  at 
present,  that  they  still  retain  a  strong  affection  for  their  former 
Government,  and  for  their  countrymen,  whose  Religion,  Manners, 
and  Language  are  the  same  with  their  own.    Their  Indian  con- 
verts are  still  fixed  in  their  interests,  and  daily  increasing. 
The  encroachments  of  the  French  on  the  Iroquois,  by  which  a 
spirit  of  animosity  was  formerly  kept  alive  between  them,  and 
the  latter  were  inclined  to  us,  are  now  at  an  end.    Their 
animosity  will  naturally  cease  with  its  cause,  and  this  again  will 
pave  the  way  for'  proselyting  the  Iroquois  to  the  Romish  faith, 
by  which  their  aifections  will  be  withdrawn  from  us.    Now  can 
any  circumstance  be  more  alluring  than  these  to  put  the  French 
on  regaining  what  was  torn  from  them  by  the  chance  of  War,  or 
promise  more  success  to  such  an  attempt  1    If  that  enterprising 
Nation,  in  order  to  perplex  us,  and  divert  our  arms,  could  send 
a  Pretender  on  so  hopeless  an  errand  as  the  conquest  of  Britain, 
can  we  imagine  they  will  not  avail  themselves  of  such  advan- 
tages to  become  masters  of  their  ancient  Possessions  1    These 
matters  surely  call  for  serious  attention.    Prudence  should  lead 
I   0  guard  against  future  contingencies  as  far  as  possible,  and 
eaation  us  against  being  lulled  into  security,  when  danger  Is  to 


n 


\IQ% 


NKBCOEIAL  OOMCERHINA  TBB  lEOQUOlS  OK 


*>■./ 


be  Justly  apprehended.  It  should  direct  us  to  deprive  \ 
French  of  Uiose  advanti^es  whieh  in  alJ  probability  they  v 
employ  against  us,  and  improve  such  as  we  have  to.  the  utm 
of  our  power.  Our  neglect  of  the  Indians  will  throw  th 
whole  weight  into  the  opposite  scale,  and  encourage  the  Freo 
to  prosecute  any  schemes  they  may  form  against  Cana( 
Whereas  by  proper  endeavors  to  convert  and  civilise  the  Indiai 
their  fidelity  to  us  might  be  immoveably  fixed.  They  wot 
greatly  help  to  secure  us  against  any  foreign  Invasions,  and 
Qihet  respects  pro? e  beneficial  to  the  Oommunity.  It  is  in  trc 
a  matter  in  whi^  the  Peace,  Safety  and  Weli'aro  of  those  Norl 
ern  Colonies  are  much  concerned,  and  it  is  hoped  the  wisc!( 
of  governmetut  will  attend  to  it  accordingly. 

To  ensure  success  in  the  execution  of  any  design,  mu 
depends  pn  pursuing  proper  measures.  If  these  are  ill-conoeru 
or  not  adapted  to  the  end  in  view,  a  failure  of  the  whole  w 
probably  follow.  In  attempting  to  convert  and  civilise  Savag 
great  attention  should  be  paid  to  fjieir  Situation,  Prejudic 
Temper,  Disposition,  and  other  circumstances.  Tliese  should 
minutely  considered,  and  made  as  subservient  as  possible  to  t 
general  design.  Should  Government,  influenced  by  the  abo 
motives,  think  fit  to  engage  in  this  Undertaking  with  respect 
the  Iroquois,  the  following  Plan  is  humbly  proposed ;  in  whicl 
shall  keep  within  the  strict  Bounds  of  what  is  practicable,  a 
promises  success  on  the  one  hand ;  and  avoid  any  unnecesst 
expense,  as  well  as  what  would  tend  to  give  Umbrage  to 
Indians,  on  the  other.  For  sake  of  Order  and  Perspicuity,  I  sh 
range  under  distinct  heads  the  several  parts  of  this  Plan, 
which  I  would  propose-^  :ujift«'Ha»«i 

J.  That  two  Missionaries,  men  of  good  character,  abiUt 
and  prudence,  and  in  the  orders  of  the  established  Church 
England,  be  sent  to  ^e  Iroquoio,  one  to  reside  at  Conajoht 
the  othev  at  the  old  Oneida  Town.  Most  of  the  Indians  at  b 
these  villages  have  been  baptised,  and  even  profess  Christiaoi 
all  are  willing  to  be  further  instructed.  Each  of  these  Missi 
aries  should  have  a  Salary  of  jC150  sterling  a  year  at  least 
enable  them  to  shew  some  marks  of  favor  to  the  more  deserv 
Indians,  by  making  small  Presents  to  them  from  time  to  th 


imOQUOis  o& 

Irect  tts  to  deprive  th« 
all  probability  they  T»iD 
It  we  have  to.  the  utmost 
Indians  will  throw  their 
ind  encourage  the  Frenoh 
y  form  against  Canada. 
irt  and  civilise  the  Indians, 
eably  fixed.  They  would 
foreign  Invasions,  and  in 
Community.  It  is  in  trnth 
id  Well'are  of  those  Nortli' 
A  it  is  hoped  the  wisdom 
dingly. 

Ion  of  any  design,  much 
,    If  these  are  ill-concerted, 
I  failure  of  the  whole  will 
invert  and  civilise  Savages, 
iieir  Situation,  Prejudices, 
astances.    These  should  be 
bservient  as  possible  to  the 
t,  influenced  by  the  above 
nder taking  with  respect  to 
mbly  proposed ;  in  which  I 
[)f  what  is  practicable,  and 
and  avoid  any  unnecessary 
d  to  give  Umbrage  to  the 
der  and  Perspicuity,  I  shall 
iial  parts  of  this  Plan,  iq 

f  good  character,  abilities, 
the  established  Church  of 
ye  to  reside  at  Conajohare, 
Most  of  the  Indians  at  both 
cl  even  prt)fess  Christianity  5 
(d.  Each  of  these  Mission- 
sterling  a  year  at  least,  to 
favor  to  the  more  deserving 
o  them  from  time  to  time. 


jnVB  OONFEDBRATB  NATIOMS  OP  UfDIAMl. 


1108 


Xhis  wiU  he  expected  from  them,  and  if  judiciously  managed, 
will  have  a  good  etfect  in  eoncUiatlng  the  affections  of  the 
Indians.  If  tliese  Missionaries  had  some  knowledge  of  Physle, 
80  as  to  be  able  to  assist  the  Indians  in  sickness,  it  would  also 
increase  theijr  influence,  and  make  their  Spiritual  Labors  more 
goccessful. 

II.  That  a  Schoolmaster  be  fixed  at  each  of  those  villages, 

viz :  Conajohare,  and  the  old  Oneida  Town  ;  another  at  Onon- 

dags  i  one  at  the  principal  village  of  the  Cayugas,  and  two  among 

iji^fi  Senekas.    These  Schoolmasters,  for  whom  admission  and 

protection  may  be  easily  procured,  should  be  prudent,  and 

virtuous  young  men,  and  such  as  have  had  a  liberal  education. 

Xheir  business  will  be  to  teach  the  Indians  to  read  and  write. 

They  ought  also  to  apply  themselves  diligently  to  learn  the 

Indian  Language,  by  which  they  will  be  better  qualified  to  aet 

M  Missionaries  afterwards,  should  their  behaviour  and  merit 

entitle  them  to  that  office.    Schools,  if  properly  conducted,  will 

be  of  infinite  service.    The  Indians  are  all  willing  that  their 

Cbildrea  should  be  taught  to  read  and  write ;  and  Youth  is  the 

properest  season  to  instill  principles  of  Morality  and  Religion, 

irhifih  the  Sehoolmasters  will  have  constant  opportunities  of 

doing.    Of  these  they  ought  to  avail  themselves ;  and  gradually 

onfold  the  Principles  of  the  Christian  Systems  to  their  pupils. 

£fich  of  those  Schoolmasters  ought  to  have  a  salary  of  X40  Sterl. 

a  year,  which  might  be  increased  according  to  their  industry 

pd  success.    They  also,  as  well  as  the  Missionaries,  shoukl  be 

furnished  with  Prayer-books,  and  such  other  Tracts  in  the  Indian 

language  as  can  be  procured ;  which  will  be  necessary  to  teach 

the  Indians  to  read,  and  instruct  them  in  the  principles  of 

Religion.  *)    -u. 


l*»     /'*    I.'  Ctf    >(i4    vy-ti-> 


III.  That  Smiths  be  placed  at  some  of  the  most  convenient 
Indian  Villages.  These  would  be  of  great  service  to  the  Indians, 
and  therefore  very  acceptable  ;  and  probably  some  of  the  Indians, 
from  a  sense  of  their  utility  might  be  induced  to  learn  their 
Trade.  Their  Wives  might  also  be  engaged  to  teach  such  of  the 
Indian  women  as  are  willing  to  learn  Spinning,  Sewing  and  otht« 
Branches  of  female  Industry.  The  Government  formerly  allowed 
Smiths  at  several  of  tlie  Indian  Villages,  with  a  competent 


i 


»:« 


'Pi*'   .4' 
''«    «  «  I 

'A' ,  ♦  * '  1 


«>. 


.,/•>. 


,1104 


KSMORIAL  CONCERNIMO  THE  IROQUOIS  OR 


^- 


lalary.  These  Mechanics  would  now  be  of  much  service 
promoting  tlie  general  design,  and  miglit  be  had  at  a  tiif 
expense.  The  Spaniards  have  employed  mechanics,  and 
still,  for  the  same  purpose  to  great  advantage. 

IV.  That  the  Missionaries  and  Schoolmasters  employed  in 
Scheme  be  appointed,  or  at  least  approved,  by  the  Society  tor 
Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts.    The  Superini 

/'  •  dency  of  those  matters  naturally  belongs  to  that  Venerable  Be 
not  only  by  reason  that  tiiey  coincide  with  the  design  of  tl 
Incorporation,  and  with  their  connections  on  this  Continent, 
also  because  the  Society  have  with  great  fidelity  discharged 
important  trust  reposed  in  them,  and  have  already  done  mi 
towards  Converting  and  Civilising  th  Iroquois.  It  is  there! 
proposed  tliat  they  have  the  Care  and  Direction  of  the  Missi 
specified  in  tliis  Plan  ;  that  the  Missionaries  and  Schoolmasi 
shall  regularly  transmit  to  them  accounts  of  their  resp«>c1 
ohai-ges  from  time  to  time,  in  the  same  manner  as  those  Missj 
aries  and  Schoolmasters  in  the  Society's  service  do  at  prese 
to  be  annually  laid  before  the  Public,  with  their  other  Iran 
tions.  Tliat  the  Missionaries,  Schoolmasters  and  Mechai 
however,  be  under  the  immediate  inspection  of  His  Majes 
Superiutendant  of  Indian  Affairs  for  the  time  being.  His  Sta 
and  Authority  among  the  Indians  will  enable  him  to  promote 
execution  of  this  Scheme.  He  will  be  the  propcrest  Persoi 
direct  the  several  Measures  that  shall  be  necessary  on  any  i 
emergencies  ;  and  through  him,  in  conjunction  with  the  Soci 
applications  to  Government  should  be  made,  in  matters  rela 
«  to  those  Missions.  It  will  be  proper  that  the  Superintendan 
Indian  Affairs  should  be  thus  concerned  in  the  Managemen 
those  Matters,  because  it  will  be  of  Utility  to  the  general  Des 
and  also  that  he  may  see  that  such  steps  be  taken  as  are  coi 
tent  with  the  Interests  of  Trade,  and  the  Views  of  Governi 
respecting  the  Indians. 

V.  That  a  set  of  Rules  and  Instructions  be  prepared  by 
Society  for  the  Regulation  of  the  Missionaries  and  Schoolmai 
in  the  Discharge  of  their  Respective  Duties,  which  Rules 
Instructions  however  shall,  for  the  reasons  already  mentio 
be  inspected  and  approved  by  His  Majesty's  Superintendan 


E  IB0QU0I8  OR 


'# 


FIVE  CONFEDERATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS. 


IIOB 


Indian  Affairs,  previous  to  their  Establishment  In  drawing  up 
these  Instructions,  particular  Care  should  be  taken  to  caution  the 
Missionaries  and  Schoolmasters  to  be  prudent  in  their  Conduct, 
and  to  avoid  whatever  might  give  offence  to  tiie  Indians,  or 
awaken  tlieir  Jealousy.'  Diligence  in  their  Station,  Sobriety, 
Gentleness,  Condescension,  and  a  disinterested  Regard  to  the 
Welfare  of  the  Indians,  should  be  recommended,  and  that  they 
sedulously  inculcate  Principles  of  Loyalty  among  tlieir  Hearers, 
Converts  and  Pupils. 

VI.  Tlie  last  Article  I  shall  mention  as  necessary  to  compleat 
this  Plan,  and  make  it  more  extensively  useful,  is  the  erecting  a 
College  or  Seminary  in  the  old  Oneida  Town,  where  the  Young 
Indians  ^*fho  are  distinguished  for  their  Genius,  may  repair  for  a 
more  enlarged  Education,  and  be  fitted  for  the  Ministry.    Very 
few  of  the  Indians  can  be  prevailed  on  to  let  their  Ciiildren  go 
any  great  Distance  for  Instruction,  and  when  they  are  persuaded 
to  it,  the  Children  always  go  with  Reluctance.    They  are  con- 
tinually anxious  to  return  to  tlieir  Parents  and  Brethren,  which 
is  an  Obstruction  to  their  literary  Progress  j  and  when  they 
return  to  their  own  People  they  generally  run  into  the  greater 
Excesses  for  their  former  Restraints.    It  is  therefore  a  mistaken 
Notion  that  Seminaries  at  a  Distance  from  the  Indians  and  only 
among  Cliristians,  are  fittest  for  the  Education  of  Indian  Youths. 
Besides  the  Difficulty  of  bringing  them  to  such  Seminaries,  and 
the  small  Degree  of  Improvement  they  cairy  from  them,  it  serves 
to  raise  tlieir  Jealousy,  and  the  Transition  is  too  great  and  too 
sudden,  from  their  former  mode  of  Life,  to  that  whicli  tliey  must 
hereby  enter  upon.    Any  Change  in  the  Manners  of  a  Savage 
People,  who  have  an  high  Sense  of  liberty,  like  the  Iroquois, 
should  be  gradually  effected.    It  should  in  some  measure  be  the 
Result  of  tlieir  own  Choice,  as  being  apparently  expedient,  not 
of  any  Violence  ;  which  will  not  fail  to  rivet  them  firmly  to  their 
Customs,  and  shut  their  Minds  against  Reason  and  Conviction. 
The  Indian  Country  is  evidently  the  properest  Place  to  fix  a 
Seminary  for  this  Purpose,  where  the  Parents  can  frequently  see 
their  Children  ;  by  which  all  Uneasiness  would  be  removed  from 
both,  and  those  other  Inconveniences  avoided.    It  would  also  be 
ising  to  the  Indians  in  general.    They  would  look  upon  it  as 
Vol.  IV.  '70 


•^  I 


1106 


MEMORIAL  CONCERNING  THE  IROQUOIS  UH 


L- *  '•f 


•-•l.i 


LI   ' 


••-^  ••? 


a  Mark  of  our  Regard,  and  Confidence  in  them.  This  mc 
serve  to  reconcile  them  to  the  Instructions  and  Uiscipliiii^  ( 
College ;  and  induce  them  to  encourage  the  Institution,  even  f 
a  Principle  of  Gratitude.  But  I  shall  not  enlarge  on  tliis  H( 
as  this  Seminary  is  not  immediately  necessary.  It  must  he 
Work  of  Time ;  after  the  other  Parts  of  the  preceding  Plan 
carried  into  Execution,  and  a  considerable  Progress  is  madt 
each. 

After  much  Reflection  on  the  State  and  Disposition  of 
Indians,  and  receiving  the  best  Information  (rom  those  who 
an  intimate  intercourse  with  them  for  many  years,  I  am  ] 
suaded  that  this  Plan  is  well  adapted  to  their  Circumstances, 
would,  if  duly  executed,  produce  the  desired  EiFect  in  conver 
them  to  Christianity.    If  that  can  once  be  Accomplished",  t! 
firm  Attachment  to  us  will  naturally  follow,  and  their  Redic 
to  a  civiliser.  State  will  be  gradually  and  insensibly  promotec 
the  same  Time.     Too  much  should  not  be  attempted  ut  fi: 
especially  in  civilising  them.    It  would  prol}ably  alarm  tli 
and  thereby  defeat  the  whole  Design.     The  more  westerly  Tr 
have  yet  received  few  Impressions  of  Christianity,  and  are  1 
civilised.    These  should  therefore  be  treated  with  more  Can 
than  the  Tribes  that  are  near,  or  surrounded  by, our  Settleme 
The  latter  irom  their  Intercourse  with  the  English,  have  ado 
some  of  our  Manners,  and  Customs,  and  having  some  knovvl< 
of  Religion  already,  are  very  desirous  of  further  Instriic 
All  indeed  are  willing  to  be  taught,  to  read  and  write  so 
Sclioolmasters  may  be  sent  immediately  to  all  the  prin( 
Villages  of  the  Confederacy,  as  is  mentioned  under  the  se( 
article  of  the  Plan.     These  will  have  an  opportunity  of  pre 
ing  the  Way  for  Missionaries  among  the  remote  Tribes ;  anc 
latter  may  be  introduced  in  a  little  Time,  without  giving 
Alarm  to  the  Savages.    Xtwill  therefore  be  necessary  to  inci 
the  Number  of  Missionaries,  as  the  Indians  are  in  a  proper  D 
sition  to  receive  them  ;   and  with  them.  Mechanics  ma 
gradually  admitted.    When  Matters  are  thus  far  advanced 
Work  may  be  looked  on  as  good  as  accomplislied  ;   fbi 
remaining  Difficulties  and  Obstructions  with  Respect  to 
Indians,  will  be  easily  surmounted.    A  Seminary  at  Oneida 


hVt 


fi 


IROQUOIS  UR 

,e  in  them.  This  would 
Ions  and  Discipline  of  a 
tlie  Institution,  even  tVoin 
not  enlarge  on  this  Head, 
ecessary.  It  must  be  the 
of  the  preceding  Plan  are 
rable  Progress  is  made  in 

ito  and  Disposition  of  the 
nation  from  those  who  had 
for  many  years,  I  am  per- 
to  their  Circumstances,  and 
desired  Effect  in  converting 
Qce  be  Accomplished,  their 
follow,  and  their  Red'ictiou 
and  Insensibly  promoted  at 
not  be  attempted  at  first; 
ould  prol)ably  alarm  them, 
The  more  westerly  Tribes 
►f  Clirlstlanity,  and  are  least 
e  treated  with  more  Caution 
rounded  by,our  Settlements, 
th  the  English,  have  adopted 
and  having  some  knowledge 
Irous  of  further  Instruction. 
It  to  read  and  write  so  that 
iiately  to  all  the  principal 
lentioned  under  the  second 
e  an  opportunity  of  prepar- 
;  the  remote  Tribes;  and  the 
le  Time,  without  giving  any 
fore  be  necessary  to  increase 
[ndiansareinaproperDispo- 

h.  them.  Mechanics  may  be 
1-9  are  thus  far  advanced,  the 
1  as  accomplished  ;  for  the 
ictlons  with  Respect  to  the 
A  Seminary  at  Oneida  wiU 


FIVE  CONFEDERATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS. 


1107 


then  be  of  singular  use,  and  compleat  tlie  whole.  In  this  Plan 
I  have  said  Notliing  of  Interpreters,  wliicli  will  be  necessary  for 
the  Missiouaiios  and  School  musters  when  they  first  begin  j 
because  I  imagine  they  may  be  procured  at  a  moderate  Expence  j 
and  even  tliat  may  be  laid  aside  In  a  little  Time,  when  tlie 
Missionaries  and  Schoolmasters  liave  attained  some  Knowledge 
of  the  Indian  Language,  which  Is  by  no  means  diflBcult  for  a 
Person  of  tolerable  Capacity. 

Having  tlius  laid  down  the  Plan  which  I  conceive  should  be 
pursued  in  this  Business,  I  proceed  to  point  out  some  Circum- 
stances which  promise  Success  to  tlie  Attempt  at  this  Time. 

Tlie  general  Peace  now  subsisting  among  the  Indians  is  very 
favourable  to  this  Design.  In  former  Times,  the  Iroquois  were 
almost  continually  engaged  in  War ;  either  with  the  French,  or 
some  of  the  neiglibouring  Indians.  A  State  of  War  must  neces- 
sarily obstruct  their  Conversion,  as  all  their  Men  are  on  these 
Occasions  called  into  the  Field  ;  their  Country  also  is  in  perpetual 
Alarms,  often  a  Scene  of  Blood  and  Desolation.  In  Times  of 
Peace,  like  the  present,  the  Inconveniencies  are  removed  ;  and 
they  are  at  Leisure  to  attend  instruction. 

Our  possession  of  Canada  is  another  Circumstance  peculiarly 
fevorable  to  the  Conversion  of  the  Iroquois,  which  did  not 
exist  till  lately.  When  the  French  were  Masters  of  that  Prov- 
ince, they  were  sensible  of  how  much  Consequence  the  Friend- 
ship of  the  Indians  was  to  the  Security,  Trade,  and  Growth,  of 
their  Colony.  The  Government  therefore  gave  all  possible 
Encouragement  and  Assistance  to  their  Missionaries  in  convert- 
ing the  Savages.  To  this  and  the  zeal  of  those  Missionaries, 
who  were  generally  Men  of  Abilities,  must  be  attributed  the 
great  Success  they  had  In  making  Indian  Converts.  The 
Iroquois  are  too  considerable  to  be  overlooked  by  a  People  so 
discerning  and  attentive  to  their  Interest,  as  the  French.  They 
earnestly  courted,  and  with  much  Assiduity,  the  Friendship  and 
alliance  of  the  Iroquois.  These  Overtures  were,  for  the  most 
[Part,  rejected  by  the  latter  j  owing  In  a  great  Measure  to  their 
IConnection  with  us :  And  altho'  the  French  were  generally  at 
IWar  with  the  Iroquois,  yet  their  Priests  had  sufi&cient  address 
|to  gaiu  Admittance  among  them,  and  proselyte  many.    This  gave 


ti ' 


El  *  .  ' 


i'.l 


R'»>  ,^  1 

*j,       '     ^ 

V    *"'  * 

fo '  :/■ ', 

^L-   -   V 

ll!''t^ 

1103 


MEMORIAL  CONCERNING  THE  IROQUOIII  OR 


tlieni  an  Opportunity  of  throwing  many  Difficulties  In  tlji 
of  our  Missionaries,  wliicli  tliey  have  failed  to  improve.  1 
stnclv  at  Nothing  however  infamous  for  this  Purpose.  ] 
Invented  and  propagated  the  most  glaring  Falsehoods  topreju 
the  Indians  against  us.  They  did  not  even  hesitate  to  jiersi 
them  that  the  English  were  the  People  who  crucified  Jesus  Ch 
and  that  the  Books  used  by  our  Missionaries  were  wnttai 
/  the  Devil.     These  Falsehoods  gained  Credit  among  the  Igno 

Savages,  especially   the  Popish  Converts ;    and   the  Soch 
Missionaries  sensibly  felt  their  effects.    They  met  with  iusii 
able  Obstructions  in  the  Discharge  of  their  Duty  j  their  L 
were  often  in  Danger,  and  tliey  were  obliged  to  fly  for  t 
Preservation.    The  Scene  is  greatly  changed  at  present; 
although  our  Possession  of  Canada  does  not  intirely  Guarc 
against  the  Practices  of  Popish  Emissaries  ;  yet  it  will  scour 
from  the  Incursions  of  an  enemy,  and  enable  us  in   s 
Measure  to  confine  the  Priests  to  their  own  Tribes.    Any  In 
niption  they  may  give,  cannot  defeat  the  Scheme ;  and  i 
serve  as  a  spur  to  the  Industry  of  our  Missionaries,  who,  ha 
the  Authority  of  Government  on  their  Side,  will  thence  de 
great  advantages ;  such  as  must  give  them  a  Manifest  Su] 
ority.    I  shall  just  add,  tliat  from  the  above  Specimen  we 
judge  what  Impressions  the  Indian  Converts  to  Popery 
likely  to  receive  of  us  from  their  Priests  ;  and  what  Method 
latter  are  capable  of  using  to  prejudice  them  against  us. 
we  cannot  with  any  Colour  of  Reason  suppose  their  Ie 
Missionaries  are  more  conscientious  now  than  formerly,! 
bigotted  to  their  own  Religion,  or  entertain  more  favouf 
sentiments  of  ours.    There  is  the  clearest  Proof  of  the  coni 
The  advanced   Population    of  our    Frontiers  will  gij 
facilitate  the  Conversion  of  the  Iroquois.    Formerly  there 
very  few  English  Inhabitants  near  the  Indian  Villages,  \ 
subjected  our  Missionaries  to  numberless  hardships  and  ^ 
rassments.    Removed   far  from   our   settlements,  they 
seldom  converse  with  any  but  Savages.    They  often  foij 
difficult  to  procure  the  common  Necessaries  of  Life,  or  a  | 
of  Refuge  in  Times  of  Danger,  which  were  frequent. 
were  obliged  to  rely  for  immediate  support  and  Protectil 


iROQUOm  o» 

^  Difficulties  in  th'j  sV.jv 
failed  to  Improve.    1' 
for  this  Purpose.    They 
ng  Falsehoods  to  prejudice 
even  hesitate  to  persuade 
who  crucified  Jesus  Ckiut, 
nonaries  mre  wiitten  li/ 
Credit  among  the  Ignorant 
verts;    and  the  SocielyV 
They  met  with  insuper- 
,f  their  Duty ;  their  Lives 
;re  obliged  to  fly  for  their 
'  changed  at  present ;  for 
does  not  intirely  Guard  us 
ssaries  ;  yet  it  will  secure  us 
r    and  enable  us  in  sorae 
eir  own  Tribes.    Any  Inter- 
feat  the  Scheme  ;  and  may 
ar  Missionaries,  who,  having 
leir  Side,  will  thence  derive 
ve  them  a  Manifest  Superi- 
the  above  Specimen  we  may 
an  Converts  to  Popery  are 
riests  ;  and  what  Methods  tiie 
aice  them  against  us.   For 
leason  suppose  their  Indian 
ms  now  than  formerly,  less 
,r  entertain  more  favourable 
Nearest  Proof  of  the  contrary, 
our   Frontiers  will  greatly 
.quois.    Formerly  there  were 
ir  the  Indian  Villages,  which 
berless  hardships  and  emhar- 
lour   settlements,  they  could 
.vages.    They  often  found  it 
.Necessaries  of  Life,  or  a  Place 
■  which  were  frequent.    They 
te  support  and  Protection  on 


FIVE  CONRCDEHATK  NATIOMf  OF  INDIANS. 


1109 


the  Indians  only  ;  many  of  whom  were  not  well  affected  to 
Christianity  ;  all  of  them  exposed  to  the  Ravages  of  a  barbarous 
Enemy.    These  Inconveniences,  like  the  former,  are  now  no 
more.    Our  Settlements  surround  some  of  the  Indian  Villages, 
and  are  not  very  Distant  from  others  j  so  that  Missionaries  may 
be  readily  supplied  with  whatever  Necessaries  they  want,  and 
will  be  under  no  apprehension  of  Danger  to  tlieir  Lives.    Even 
the  Indians,  by  their  Vicinity  to  the  English,  and  Intercourse 
with  them,  are  become  much  more  tractable  and  humane.    In 
reality  the  State  of  Things  is  intirely  changed  from  what  it  was 
formerly  in  this  Respect;  and  all  to  the  Advantage  of  the  Design 
now  under  Consideration.    But  the  most  favourable  circum- 
stance, and  what  promises  success  the  most  of  any  to  an  attempt 
for  converting  the  Iroquois,  is  the  Desire  of  the  Iroquois  them- 
selves that  Missionaries   might  be  sent  to  instruct  them  in 
the  Principles  of  Christianity.    They  have  repeatedly  made  this 
Request,  and  have  urged  it  with  much  Earnestness,  particularly 
at  a  Congress  lately  held,  where  2,400  Indians  from  thediifereut 
Tribes  were  present.    Tills  shews  a  general  Disposition  in  the 
Iroquois  to  embrace  Christianity  j  and  that  the  Plan  now  pro- 
posed would  be  successful. 

These  particulars  might  be  enlarged,  were  it  necessary,  and 
otliers  added  to  them  which  would  evince  this  point  further. 
But  enough  has  been  said,  in  my  humble  opinion,  to  remove  any 
Apprehension  of  a  Failure  in  the  Success  of  the  Scheme  now 
laid  down ;  or  that  the  Expence  and  Trouble  attending  it  would 
be  fruitless.  For  my  Part,  I  would  be  the  last  Person  to  recom- 
mend such  a  Measure,  had  I  not  as  great  a  certainty  as  the 
Nature  of  the  Case  will  admit,  of  its  Success,  as  well  as  of  its 
general  Utility. 

But  altho  I  am  fully  satisfied  on  this  Head  ;  yet  I  am  sensible 
that  Objections  have  been  raised  concerning  it.  It  will  therefore 
be  proper  in  this  Place  briefly  to  obviate  these :  Because  how- 
ever weak  or  ill-founded,  they  may  influence  even  the  Judicious 
for  Want  of  due  Information ;  and  I  would  willingly  lay  before 
your  Lordship,  in  as  clear  and  concise  a  manner  as  I  could, 
whatever  might  tend  to  elucidate  the  Subject.    I  shall  select 


^,C'^'J'. 


\V  * 


t  1 
Iff      I*  '. 


1 


fflitLt; 


5 '4' 


''-'if;,. 


1110 


MEMORIAL  CONCERNING  THE  IROQUOIS  OR 


i.    »S 


some  of  tlie  most  plausible  Objections  that  have  come  to 
Knowledge.  ;    -        "■  '  '  ; 

Among  other  Things  it  has  been  suggested — ''That 
**  Iroquois  are  such  an  ignorant,  barbarous  People,  that  they 
"  incapable  of  being  civilised  or  brought  over  to  Christian! 

But  this  Language  is  manifestly  dictated  by  Prejudice,  I  g 
the  Iroquois  are  ignorant,  when  compared  with  civil 
Nations ;  but  certainly  we  should  distinguish  between  Ignori 
land  Dulness — between  the  Want  of  Knowledge  and  the  V 
of  Capacity  to  receive  it.  Whoever  has  any  Acquaintance  ^ 
the  Iroquois,  must  know  they  are  not  deficient  in  Poini 
Understanding.  •  No  Peoph  have  more  Sagacity  to  discern  t 
Interest,  according  to  their  prevailing  Notions,  or  can  rej 
better  on  it  j  none  can  project  Schemes  with  more  Subtilt; 
promote  it,  or  have  more  Spirit  and  Resolution  to  carry  tl 
Schemes  into  Execution.  Their  Speeches  at  Treaties,  t 
Conversation  and  Conduct  are  incontestable  Proofs  of  1 
Besides  it  is  well  known  that  such  of  them  as  will  learn  to  \ 
and  write,  generally  make  a  more  rapid  Progress  than  Peri 
of  the  same  Ag3  among  us.  It  may  then  with  Truth  be  alBBr; 
that  the  Indians  are  not  inferior  in  their  Intellectual  Facu 
t6  Other  Nations,  or  less  capable  of  Improvement 
Knowledge  indeed,  for  Want  of  Culture,  is  confined  with 
harrow  Circle  \  but  notwithstanding,  they  shew  a  Discernn 
and  a  Force  of  Understanding,  which  place  them  on  a 
With  the  Best  of  Mankind. 

It  is  further  granted  that  the  Iroquois  are  barbarous  j  but 
by  no  means  proves  that  they  are  incapable  of  being  civi 
We  know  of  very  few  Nations  which  were  not  original 
barbarous  as  they.  No  ancient  People  surpassed  the  Gree 
Knowledge,  Policy  and  Refinement  of  Manners ;  or  left  t 
World  such  Monuments  of  exalted  genius.  Yet  History  tei 
that  the  Greeks  were  once  extremely  rude  and  savage—: 
more  so  than  the  Iroquois  at  present.  Without  Letters, 
or  Policy,  or  even  Food  proper  for  Men,  tliey  wander] 
Fields  and  Woods,  having  no  Places  of  Shelter,  but  Den 
Caverns.  Their  own  Writers,  and  those  of  best  Note,  d 
this  Account ;  and  that  many  Ages  had  elapsed  befor 


i0^j,A       »( 


a  IROQUOIS  OH 

as  that  have  come  to  my 

n  suggested— ^' That  the 
rous  People,  that  they  are 
ight  over  to  Christianity." 
stated  by  Prejudice,  I  grant 
compared  with  civilised 
inguish  between  Ignorance 
Knowledge  and  the  Want 
has  any  Acquaintance  with 
not  deficient  in  Point  of 
re  Sagacity  to  discern  their 
ing  Notions,  or  can  reason 
tnes  with  more  Subtilty  to 
I  Resolution  to  carry  those 
Speeches  at  Treaties,  their 
.contestable  Proofs  of  this. 
,f  them  as  will  learn  to  read 
apid  Progress  than  Persons 
then  with  Truth  be  af&rmed, 
their  Intellectual  Faculties 
e  of  Improvement.  Tlieir 
ulture,  is  confined  within  a 
g,  they  shew  a  Discernment, 
lich  place  them  on  a  Level 

juois  are  barbarous  j  but  tlis 
incapable  of  being  civilised. 
rhich  were  not  originally  as 
aple  surpassed  the  Greeks  in 

of  Manners ;  or  left  to  tlie 

genius.  Yet  History  testifies 
ie\y  rude  and  savage-raucli 
ent.    Without  Letters,  Laws, 

for  Men,  they  wandered  in 
ces  of  Shelter,  but  Dens  and 
1  those  of  best  Note,  confirm 

ges  had  elapsed  before  they 


FIVE  CONFEDERATE  NATIoaS  OF  INDIANS. 


1111 


emerged  out  of  this  brutal  State.  It  was  by  very  slow  steps,  by 
repeated  Efforts  of  wise  and  great  Men,  that  they  rose  to  that 
Eminence  which  afterwards  so  much  distinguished  them.  About 
the  Commencement  of  the  Christian  Era,  the  Germans  and 
Britons  were  as  barbarous  as  the  Indians  of  this  Continent,  whom 
they  greatly  resembled  iu  many  Particulars.  Yet  experience 
hath'  evinced  that  those  Nations  were  as  capable  of  Improve- 
ment as  any  upon  Earth. 

As  to  the  American  Indians,  it  is  certain  that  the  Mexican,  a 
Nation  of  North  America,  were  civilized  in  a  high  Degree  j 
when  first  discovered  by  the  Europeans.  This  was  also  the  Case 
with  the  Peruvians  j  and  altho  the  latter  were  Inhabitants  of 
South  America,  yet  the  near  resemblance  between  all  the 
Natives  of  this  vast  Continent,  affords  the  strongest  Pvesumptlon 
that  they  are  equally  capable  of  being  civilised.  That  the 
superior  Attainments  of  one  Nation  above  others,  in  Knowledge, 
Arts  and  Policy,,  were  owing  here,  as  well  as  in  other  Parts  of 
the  World,  to  local  circumstances,  and  other  Accidents,  not  to 
any  inherent  Difference  in  the  People,  appears  from  the  foHow- 
ing  Instance.  The  Indians  of  Paraguay,  for  several  years  after 
the  arrival  of  the  Spaniards,  were  among  the  most  Savage  of  the 
Inhabitants  of  South  America,  yet  by  the  Endeavours  and 
Labours  of  the  Jesuits,  they  are  now  reduced  '  o  civil  Life,  are 
regular,  industrious  Members  of  Society,  and  zealous  Professors 
of  Popery.  .  ..i 

These  Reflections  might  be  carried  much  further.  But  I  shall 
only  observe,  that  the  Iroquois  resemble  other  barbarous 
Nations,  seem  to  have  much  the  same  Vices,  and  are  equally 
attached  to  their  own  Manners.  They  also  possess  the  same 
Faculties,  with  as  great  a  share  of  Reason  and  understanding,  as 
others  of  the  human  Species  in  general.  Experience  hath 
demonstrated  that  the  most  ignorant  and  barbarous  People  may 
be  civilised  ;  and  why  not  here  as  well  as  elsewhere  7  1  am 
persuaded  that  no  solid  Reason  can  be  assigned  why  the  Iroquois 
should  be  an  Exception  to  the  general  Rule.  Human  Nature  is 
much  the  same  in  every  Clime  and  Age.  Culture,  with  other 
external  Circumstances,  constitute  the  principal  Diffei«nce 
betwen  the  various  Pai'ts  of  Mankind.    For  we  find  the  same 


II. 


1112 


MEMORIAL  CONCERNING  THE  IROQUOIS  OR 


Nation,  at  different  Periods,  differ  from  itself,  in  Point  of  Man 
ners,  aa  much  as  the^  most  distant  Nations,  can  differ  from  eac 
otlier. 

It  is  certain  that  the  Mohawks,  from  the  Impressions  o 
Religion  they  have  received,  and  their  Intercourse  with  th 
English,  have  already  made  considerable  Progress  toward 
civilised  Life.  Were  proper  Measures  taken  for  the  Purpose 
there  can  be  no  Doubt,  but  much  more  might  be  done  this  Waj 
Notliing  but  the  Want  of  those  Measures,  and  their  Connection 
with  the  Nations  of  their  Confederacy,  still  buried  in  Darknes 
and  Barbarity,  at  the  Head  of  which  they  are  ambitious  t 
figure,  prevent  it.  If  the  Mohawks  were  intirely  to  adop't  ou 
*  Manners,  their  Influence  over  the  other  Tribes  would  be  at  ai 
End.  But  if  these  Tribes  were  instructed  as  They  are,  the  Cas 
would  be  very  different.    . 

As  to  the  Notion  that  the  Iroquois  cannot  be  converted  t 
Christianity,  it  is  utterly  groundless.  Not  to  mention  the  grea 
Number  of  Converts  made  by  the  French  among  Nations  bordei 
ing  on  the  Iroquois,  and  equally  barbarous  j  the  Success  of  th 
few  Missionaries  we  sent  among  them,  is  a  sufficient  Refutatio 
of  it.  In  the  year  1745  Dr.  Barclay,  the  Society's  Missionary  t 
the  Mohawks,  was  obliged  in  Consequence  of  the  French  Wai 
and  Practices  of  Popish  Emissaries,  to  abandon  Fort  Huntf: 
He  had  resided  in  that  Mission  8  years  only :  during  whic 
Time  tlie  Iroquois  were  often  engaged  in  War.  This  worth 
Missionary  had  no  Interpreter ;  his  Life  was  frequently  i 
Danger  ;  besides  numberless  other  Difficulties  he  had  to  strugg 
with.  Yet  his  Congregation  consisted  at  his  Departure,  of  r 
less  than  500  Indian  Converts,  of  whom  more  than  80  wei 
regular  communicants ;  which  was  mor*>  than  Double  tl 
number  he  found  tliere  at  his  first  coming.  If  so  great  a  Vr 
gress  could  be  made  in  cl.ristianising  the  Indians  amidst  so  mar 
Obstructions;  Reason  will  tell  us  that  mucli  greater  Progre 
might  be  made  in  it  at  present,  when  those  Embarrassmenls  a 
removed. 

It  hath  been  further  urged  ^on  this  Subject — ^"  That  civilisii 
"  a  barbarous  People  should  precede  any  Attempt  to  cliristiani 


1 


FIVE  CONFEDERATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS. 


1113 


irous  ;  the  Success  of  the 


Subject—"  That  civilising 
my  Attempt  to  cliristianise 


« them  ;  and  before  they  can  be  made  Christians  they  must  first 
««be  made  reasonable  Men." 

This  Objection  tho  plausible,  and  perhaps  true  in  some  Cases ; 
yet  will  not  hold  good  in  the  present  Instance.  There  cannot 
indeed  be  much  liope  of  succeeding  in  the  Conversion  of  any 
People  to  Christianity,  who  are  continually  wandering  from 
Place  to  Place ;  because  in  such  Circumstances,  they  cannot 
enough  attend,  to  the  Instructions  that  are  delivered.  But  the 
Case  is  far  otherwise  with  the  Iroquois.  Tliey  are  settled  in 
Villages,  where  they  reside  the  whole  year,  except  in  the  Season 
of  Hunting,  which  lasts  but  a  few  months ;  so  that  there  is 
sufficient  Time  and  Opportunity  for  Instruction. 

Christianity  is  certainly  most  likely  to  spread  among  People 
who  are  civilised  ;  because  the  Mind  is  thereby  prepared  in 
some  Measure  to  submit  to  its  precepts.  But  to  conclude  from 
thence,  that  a  barbarous  People  cannot  be  brought  over  to 
Christianity,  would  be  a  very  wrong  Inference.  Tlie  many 
Converts  already  made  by  the  English  and  Frencli,  among  the 
Savage  Tribes  of  North  America,  as  I  said  before,  are  a  Demon- 
stration of  the  contrary,  to  omit  other  Instances.  On  the  other 
Hand,  I  will  not  liesitate  to  affirm,  that  one  of  the  most  effectual 
Methods  to  civilise  a  barbarous  People,  is  to  inculcate  Principles 
of  Religion  among  them  ;  provided  they  reside  long  enough  in 
one  Place  to  attend,  and  are  willing  to  hear  them.  This  was 
hinted  t  before,  and  as  it  is  a  Point  of  some  Consequence,  should 
be  elucidated  a  little  farther. 

An  ignorant,  Savage  People,  accustomed  to  a  Life  free  from 
Care  or  Restraint,  and  possessed  of  an  high  Sense  of  Liberty, 
cannot  without  the  utmost  Difficulty  be  brought  to  submit  to 
Labour  or  the  Controll  of  Laws.  The  Pleasure  or  Benefits 
re  ilting  from  Kno'.vledge,  Arts  or  refined  Manners,  have  no 
Charms  for  thern.  They  are  outweighed  by  their  Love  of 
Liberty  and  Ease,  which  they  hold  in  much  greater  Estimation. 
This  hath  been  true  of  rude,  uncivilised  Nations  in  every  part  of 
the  World  ;  and  lience  we  find  tliat  Legislators  in  general,  when 
attempting  to  civilise  barbarous  People,  did  not  content  them- 
selves with  merely  displaying  the  Temporal  Advantages  arising 
from  a  civilised  State.    Sensible  that  some  Motives  more  pow 


!         ' 


St 


I 


'if 


' 


%,'  r*' 


n 


V*. 


,*  * 


*n^:^T[ 


¥ 


1114  MEMOMA|,  CUKCERNING  THE  IROQUOIS  OR 

erful  were  necessary  to  counteract  inveterate  Habits 
Prejudices,  they  called  in  Religion  to  their  aid.  Accordi 
they  availed  themselves  of  tlie  Belief  of  a  Supream  Being,  w 
they  found  People  everywhere  possessed  of,  and  made  it  sul 
vient  to  their  Purpose.  The  first  Thing  they  did  wa; 
confirm  this  Belief,  institute  a  Ceremonial  of  Religious  Won 
and  inculcate  the  Doctrine  of  a  future  Life.  This  Expec 
had  the  desired  Effect ;  and  accomplished  what  had  been  oi 
wise  attempted  in  vain.  To  tliis  Purpose  we  have  the  1 
mony  of  some  of  the  most  judicious  Writers  of  Antiquity, 
the  Eleusinian  Mysteries  (in  which  were  probably  taught 
Belief  of  a  Supream  Being,  a  Providence  and  future  Life, 
the  Necessity  of  a  Rectitude  of  Moral  Conduct)  contrib 
more  than  any  other  Means  to  soften  the  Savage  Manners  a 
first  Inhabitants  of  Europe. 

These  Particulars  are  Pertinent  to  the  Point  under  Cons: 
ation.  These  shew  the  Judgment  and  Practice  of  the  w 
Men  to  have  been  contrary  to  what  is  suggested  in  this  01 
tion  ;  and  Experience  evinced  that  they  judged  right.  We 
reasonably  conclude,  that  the  same  Measures  ought  to 
persued  in  similar  Circumstances  now,  as  well  as  formerly 
that  they  will  be  attended  with  similar  effects ;  conseque 
that  we  should  introduce  Religion  among  the  Iroquois  in 
to  civilise  them. 

The  Iroquois,  and  other  Indian  Tribes  of  Nortli  Ame 
believe  in  a  God,  in  a  Providence  and  future  State  of  Exist( 
and  wliat  is  very  remarkable,  even  those  who  have  yet  ha 
Tincture  of  Christianity,  discover  the  most  reverential  Aw 
the  Supream  Being,  and  pay  uncommon  Defference  to 
Ministers  of  Religion.  They  are  hereby  prepared  in 
Degree  for  receiving  the  Truths  of  Christianity,  which 
naturally  dispose  tliem  to  Change  their  Manners,  and  admi 
Arts  of  civil  Life  ;  and  tliey  would  certainly  Spurn  at  any 
posal  for  introducing  the  latter  without  the  former.  My  op 
tlierefore  is  that  our  Endeavours  to  civilise  the  Iroquois, 
Convert  tliem  to  Christianity,  should  be  joined  tog«Uher, 
specified  in  the  preceding  Plan,    They  will  mutually  pro 


(>>■ 


I    ■:      7  1 


3E  I&OQtrOIS  ou 

;t  inveterate  Habits  and 
to  their  aid.  Accordingly 
'  of  a  Supream  Being,  which 
ssed  of,  and  made  it  subser- 
;  Thing  they  did  was  to 
lonial  of  Religious  Worship, 
ture  Life.  This  Expedient 
lished  what  had  been  other- 
urpose  we  have  the  Testi- 
s  Writers  of  Antiquity,  that 
h  were  probably  taught  the 
ienceand  future  Life,  with 
kloral  Conduct)  contributed 
n  the  Savage  Manners  of  the 

;o  the  Point  under  Consider- 
;  and  Practice  of  the  wisest 
t  is  suggested  in  this  Objeo- 
they  judged  right.  We  may 
me  Measures  ought  to  be 
low,  as  well  as  formerly,  and 
imilar  eflFects;  consequently, 
among  the  Iroquois  in  order 

Tribes  of  North  Amerioa, 

ind  future  State  of  Existence, 

those  who  have  yet  had  no 

the  most  reverential  Awe  of 

icommon  Defiference  to  the 

hereby  prepared  in  some 

of  Chi'istianity,  which  -^ill 
;heir  Manners,  and  admit  the 
I  certainly  Spurn  at  any  Pro- 
lout  the  former.  My  opinion 
to  civilise  the  Iroquois,  and 
uld  be  joined  togi^ther,  as  is 

They  will  mutually  promote 


FIVE  OOMFEDERATK  NATIONS  OV  INDIANS. 


1115 


and  assist  each  other ;  and  thus  the  End  in  View  will  be  moi« 
speedily  and  e£fectually  accomplished. 

I  said  before  "  that  good  Policy  required  the  Crown  should  be 
« principally  concerned  in  this  Business."    My  Reasons  were 
such  as  I  am  persuaded  your  Lordship  will  approve.    It  has 
been  the  Opinion  of  Government,  and  what  our  Proceedings, 
reliative  to  the  Indians,  are  at  present  regulated  by.    That  all 
Transactions  with  them  should  pass  thro'  one  Channel,  and  be 
carried  on  in  the  Name  of  the  Crown.    This  wat3  wisely  judged  j 
being  the  best  Expedient  to  unite  them  in  the  common  Cause, 
and  prevent  the  ill  Consequences  of  leaving  them  to  be  practised 
on  by  such  as  might  have  Interests  or  Views  of  any  Kind, 
inconsistent  with  those  of  the  State.    On  this  Principle,  the 
present  Plan  has  a  peculiar  claim  to  his  Majesty's  Patronage. 
The  Indians  should  be  taught  to  look  up  to  Him  as  their  com- 
mon Father  and   Protector.    Nothing  would  have  a  greater 
Tendency  to  attach  them  to  His  Person  or  Government,  than  his 
contributing  a  Part  of  His  Royal  Bounty  to  support  a  Scheme 
calculated  to  procure  their  present  and  future  Happiness.    They 
would  consider  it  as  the  greatest  Mark   f  his  Friendship  and 
Regard  for  them.    Be  assured  that  even  those  Indians  who  have 
not  yet  been  Christianised,  would  view  it  in  this  Point  of  Light. 
His  Majesty's  Authority,  besides,  would  gi\  e  Weight  to  the 
Design,  and  promote  its  Success;  and  therefore  Jlis  Royal 
Patronage  of  a  Plan,  by  which  these  importaut  Suds  are  to  be 
answered  would  be  highly  proper. 

Another  Circumbiance  which  is  worthy  of  particular  Notice 
on  this  Head  is,  That  the  Indians  discover  a  much  greater 
Inclination  to  be  Instructed  in  the  Principles  of  Christianity  by 
Clergymen  of  the  Church  of  Engk'  i,  than  by  dissenting  Mia- 
isters.  The  Solemnity  of  our  Wo/.';,!iip  is  more  pleasing  to  them. 
The  Savages  are  incapable  of  fintering  into  the  spirit  of  our 
ReUgious  Disputes  and  Divisions,,  or  of  forming  a  Proper  Judg- 
ment concerning  them.  As  we  are  all  under  one  King  and 
worship  one  God,  they  think  we  ought  to  have  but  one  Religion ; 
and  they  suppose  that  which  is  professed  by  the  King  is  be^t. 
Hence  proceeds  the  dislike  shewn  by  tha  kdlans  to  some  dis- 


■   ^ 


I 


1116 


memoria:^  concerning  the  iroquois  or 


iKh-' 


*  '   >  ■ 

■'.  ■     '    • .   * 


scnting  Teachers  who  have  lately  attempted  their  Conversii 
for  oil )  .  arlng  their  Religion  was  not  the  same  with  the  Kii 

*tliey  were  much  disgusted.  Besides,  the  gloomy  Cast  of  tl] 
Teachers,  and  their  Mode  of  Worship,  are  forbidding  and  d 
greable  to  the  Indians.  But  the  present  Plan,  which  prop( 
that  they  should  be  proselyted  by  Clergymen  of  the  Natic 
Church,  would  be  clear  of  those  Embarrassments ;  and 
Supreme  Head  of  the  Church  of  England,  it  should  be  can 
on  in  his  Majesty's  Name.  Or  even  supposing  that  the  Diss( 
ers  should  at  least  prove  successful  in  their  endeavours  am 

.  the  Indians ;  yet  it  deserves  serious  Consideration,  whethe 
would  not  be  more  eligible  and  safe  that  the  Iroquois  v. 
Converted  to  the  National  Faith,  and  in  such  a  Manner, 
would  indubitably  secure  their  Fidelity  to  the  Crown.  I  sJ 
a  jt  enlarge  on  so  delicate  a  Point.  Your  Lordship  can  ref 
OD  this  Hint. 

I  liiive  now  gone  through  what  I  proposed  on  this  Subject,  j 
have  studied  Brevity  as  far  as  was  consistent  with  Perspicu 
I  shall  not  trespass  farther  on  3  our  Lordship's  Patience  thai 
observe — That  every  Motive  of  Humanity  and  good  Policy- 
Regard  to  our  Safety  and  Welfare,  loudly  calls  for  some  vigor 
Measures  with  Respect  to  the  Iroquois,  to  secure  their  Trie 
ship,  prevent  their  Seduction  by  Roman  Catholics,  and  gu 
against  the  Evils  that  may  be  thence  apprehended,  as  well 
those  we  may  surely  expect  from  their  Continuance  in  tl 
present  savago  State.  The  Method  to  effect  all  this,  I  h 
taken  tlie  Liberty  to  point  out.  The  Expence  attending  i 
trivial  w*ien  compared  with  the  Advantages  we  shall  certai 
reap  ft. cm  it;, about  iJ500  Sterl.  a  year  being  sufficient  for 
Purpose  ;  and  it  is  mo.  e  thaL  probable  there  never  will  be  ag 
such  a  Concurrence  of  Circumstances,  as  at  present,  to  favoi 
Design  of  this  Kind.  I  shall  only  add ;  that  Nothing  wo 
reflect  greater  Lustre  on,  or  be  more  worthy  of,  our  pres 
gracious  Sovereign,  who  is  Himself  an  illustrious  Example 
every  Virtue,  than  to  deliver  those  poor  Savages  from  tl 
present  wretched  State  of  Darkness,  Error  and  Barbarity,  1 
diffuse  the  Blessings  of  Religion  and  social  Life  among  the 


-'f 


m 


Wi 


m 


HE  TROQUOIS  OR 

ttempted  their  Conversion ; 
;  the  same  with  the  King's 
J,  the  gloomy  Cast  of  those 
p,  are  forbidding  and  disa- 
Bsent  Plan,  which  proposes 
Clergymen  of  the  National 
Embarrassments ;  and  as 
igland,  it  should  be  carried 
supposing  that  the  Dissent- 
in  their  endeavours  among 
s  Consideration,  whether  it 
ife  that  the  Iroquois  were 
and  in  such  a  Manner,  as 
elity  to  the  Crown,  i  shall 
Your  Lordship  can  reflect 

roposed  on  this  Subject,  and 
consistent  with  Perspicuity. 
Lordship's  Patience  than  to 
nanity  and  good  Policy— of 
)ud]y  calls  for  some  vigorous 
lois,  to  secure  their  Friend- 
loman  Catholics,  and  guard 
ice  apprehended,  as  well  as 
their  Continuance  in  tlieii 
d  to  effect  all  this,  I  have 
he  Expence  attending  it  is 
vantages  we  shall  certainly 
year  being  sufficient  for  the 
ble  there  never  will  be  again 
?s.  as  at  present,  to  favour  a 
'  add  ;  that  Nothing  would 
ore  worthy  of,  our  present 
f  an  illustrious  Example  of 
56  poor  Savages  from  their 
s.  Error  and  Barbarity,  and 
d  social  Life  among  them; 


nVE  CONFEDEBATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS. 


1117 


thereby  securing  many  Benefits  to  the  Comunity,  particularly  to 
His  Subjects  in  this  Part  of  tlie  World,  who  have  in  numberless 
Instances  already  experienced  the  Effects  of  His  Royal  Munifi- 
cence and  Paternal  goodness. 

The  whole  is  submitted,  with  all  Defference,  to  your  Lord- 
ships Judgement  and  Wisdom. 
Mew-York,  Octoh.  1, 1771  • 


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INDEX. 


A. 


I 


Abdi  Qerrit,  tried  by  oonrt  martiftl,  88. 

I  Abneiombie,  Gen.,  orders  Lt.  Williams  to 
nperintend  the  building  of  a  fort  at  the 
Oneida  Carrying  place,  524. 

I  Aotdemy,  an,   established   in   Schenecta- 
dy, 470.. 
Athter  Col,  9. 

I  Adair,  James,  author  of  the  Hist,  of  Am. 
InUans,  some  particulars  regarding,  400 ; 
introduced  to  Qen.  Gage,  ib. ;  resided  30 
yeais.among  the  southern  Indians,  401; 
u  patronized  at  N.  Y.  and  proposes  to 
dedicate  his  work  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson 
ud  Got.  Moore,  412;  solioits  an  intro- 
daotion  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  413 ;  desires 
to  be  introduoed  to  the  Soc.  for  prop,  the 
gospel,  414;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  remits  the 
names  of  several  subscribers  to,  415 ;  urges 
the  abolition  of  the  general  system  of 
licenses  to  Indian  traders,  413. 

I  Adiiaens,  Maryn,  makes  an  attempt  on 
Director  Kiefts  life,  11;  his  followers 
demand  Lis  release,  12 ;  sent  to  Holland, 
ib. ;  authorized  to  attack  the  Indians  near 
New  Amsterdam,  103. 

I  Affliehronons,  distant  twenty  leagues  from 

Fort  Orange,  24. 
Agotsagenens,  the  Delawares  so  called  by 

the  Iroquois,  24. 
Agricalture  in  the  Mohawk  valley  in  1765, 
gtate  of,  348.    (see  Crops.) 

{Albany,  (see  Fort  Orange.)  latitude  and 
longitade  of,  176;  fort  at,  180;  census 
of,  in  1738,  184;  table  of  the  distances 
from  Crown  Point  to,  287 ;  the  barracks 
at  the  Patroon's  mills  near,  burned,  302 ; 
the  Presbyterians  of,  allowed  the  use  of 
the  government  forage  house  for  worship, 
309;  letter  of  the  mayor  of,  to  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Wheelock,  364;  biographical  notice 
of  the  first  Presbyterian  clergymen  at, 
374,  388;  the  corporation  of,  encourage 
Dr.  Wheelock  to  remove  his  Indian  school 
to  their  vicinity,  and  vinHicate  the  ohar- 
*oter  of  the  inacistraoy  and  constituents 
<f)377;  Dr.  Wheelock  disclaims  all  in- 
ttDtitn  ef  impeaching  the  oharautar  of  the 


citizens  of,  880 ;  Her.  Harry  Mnnro  ap> 
pointed  rector  of,  411;  and  Soheneotao^ 
recoDunended  to  form  one  mission,  419; 
Rev.  Wm.  Hanna,  formerly  Presbyteriui 
minister  of,  desires  to  take  orders  in  th« 
church  of  England,  446 ;  names  of  the  flnl  . 
elders  of  the  Presbyterian  church  at,  449  j 
Rev.  Mr.  Munro  has  a  good  congregation 
at,  482 ;  and  makes  a  collection  in  New> 
York  for  the  Episcopal  church  at,  484; 
Rev.  Mr.  Freeman,  Dutch  minister  of, 
505;  John  Munro  petitions  to  be  appoint- 
ed sheriff  of  the  county  of,  723 ;  a  weeklv 
mail  ordered  to  be  sent  from  New-Yurk 
to,  1059. 

Allen,  Ara,  violent  eonduel  of,  799; 'men- 
tioned, 921. 

,  Ethan,  and  other  rioters  ordered  to 

be  arrested,  749;-  violent  conduct  and 
threats  of,  764;  heads  the  rioters  at  Otter 
creek,  848,  851,  852,  853, 854;  and  othen 
erect  their  judgment  seat,  860,  et  sea.,  ' 
proclamation  offering  a  reward  for  the 
arrest  of,  and  other  rioters,  671 ;  orders 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Hough  to  be  whipped  for 
acting  as  a  magistrate  under  New  York, 
896;  signs  a  certificate  to  that  effect, 
897 ;  writes  to  the  X.  Y.  Prov.  congresa 
expressing  a  desire  of  reconciliation,  and 
thanking  them  for  their  respectful  treat- 
ment of  nimself  and  the  rest  of  the  Green 
Mountain  boys,  919;  threatens  the  people  ' 
of  Cumberland  co.  with  the  Green  Moun'^  wt; 
tain  boys,  961 ;  arrests  several  persons  in 
Cumberland  CO.,  965;  complaints  aghinat, 
forwarded  to  congress,  970,  971 ;  justifica- 
tion of  his  proceedings,  980;  outrage 
committed  on  the  inhabitants  of  Cumber- 
land CO.  by,  complained  of  to  Congreta, 
1013. 

',  Rev.  Timothy,  .^19. 


Ainaganseth,  L.  I.,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  on  • 
visit  to,  488. 

Amherst.  Gen.,  permits  the  Presbyterian 
of  Albany  to  meet  for  divine  worehtp  in 
the  Gov't  forage  house,  309;  is  requested 
by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  to  •ndow  hte 


?f' 


1 


iSf?. 


'0 


k 


i 


1120 


INDEX. 


Indian  icbool  with  fonr  tnuits  of  land  on 
the  Susquehanna  rirer,  32S;  refers  him 
to  the  king,  332. 

Amsfortt,  (see  Platland9.) 

Amsterdam,  a  colony  sent  to  N.  Netherlond 
from,  131. 

Anabaptists  in  N.  Netherland,  22. 

Andovcr,  census  of,  in  1771,  1U34. 

Andrews,  Rev.  Samuel,  614. 

♦-,  Rev.   Wm.,  notice  of,   419,   420, 

423,  438,  441,  444;  opens  a  grammar 
school,  4136 ;  converts  his  grammar  school 
into  an  academy,  470;  offers  to  officiate 
occasionally  at  Johnstown,  471,  480;  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson  recommends,  to  continue  at 
Schenectady,  473 ;  retires  from  Schenecta- 
dy, 493 ;  proceeds  to  Virginia,  495 ;  ap- 
plies for  the  church  at  Johnstown,  497. 

■,    Rev.    Mr.,    missionary   at    Fort 
Hunter,  505. 

Angell,  Capt.  Sam'l,  report  of  his  scout 
toward  Tcnonderoga,  274. 

Animals  of  N.  Netherland,  4,  118,  119. 

Apalaohy  mountains,  two  branches  of  the 
Susquehanna  river  rise  from  the,  173. 

Apthorp,  Rev.  East,  332,  333. 

Arbo,  John,  scc'y  to  the  Moravians,  solicits 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  favor  for  the  latter, 
874. 

Argyle,  names  of  the  settlers  in  the  town 
of,  888. 

Arlington,  names  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
township  of,  585.  ■  . 

Armonck,  29. 

Artillery,  the  N.  Y.  Blue,  names  of  the 
officers  and  soldiers  of,  211. 

Assembly  of  N.  Y.,  septennial,  when,  256; 
jounials  of  the  N.  Y.,  printed  by  Hugh 
Oaine,  385 ;  election  for  a  new,  403 ;  Mr. 
Cruger  elected  speaker  of  the,  409 ;  report 
to  the,  on  the  outrages  of  the  Bennington 
mob,  869. 


Assessment  rolls  of  the  five  Dutch  t 
L.  I.,  141. 

Atenderrogo,  262. 

Atianderogle,  262. 

Attorney-General  of  New-York,  1; 
pointed,  181. 

Auchmuty,  Rev.  Dr.,  invites  the  R 
Barton  to  become  a  meipbcr  of  t 
for  Prop,  the  gospel,  361 ;  Sir  Wm 
son's  letter  to,  on  the  election  fo 
bcrs  of  assembly,  403;  John 
schoolmaster  at  Rye,  asks  arlvico  o 
the  propriety  of  moving  to  Fort  J 
408 ;  is  of  opinion  that  Albany  and 
ectady  should  havb  but  one  c 
minister,  419;  further  mention  < 
422;  introduces  Rev.  Mr.  Forbci 
Wm.  Johnson,  423 ;  defines  the  cl 
of  a  true  churchman,  424;  conv 
thanks  of  the  N.  Y.  Episcopal  cot 
to  Sir  Wra.  Johnson,  425;  inform 
the  Lutheran  minister  of  Stonear 
sires  to  join  the  Episcopal  churc 
also,  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hanna  is  i 
to  conform,  446;  gives  his  view 
encouraging  these  dissenting  mini 
take  orders  in  the  church  of  E^it 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  communicates  ti 
of  religion  in  the  Mohawk  valley  I 
rector  of  Trinity  church.  New 
entirely  ignorant  of  the  charges  1 
by  the  Soo.  for  Prop,  the  gospel. 
Sir  Henry  Moore,  608;  recommei 
tain  persons  to  be  militaiy  offi 
Glocester  co.,  636. 

Auckland,  Lord,    biographical   ske 

Avery,  Rev.  David,  attends  the 

Fort  Stanwix,  391. 
,  Hoy.  Ephraim,    Biog.  nol 

409. 


B. 


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1^    ^r^ 


I» 


»  /* 


'ffii" 


:f; 


Baboock,  Henry,  report  of  his  scout  near 
Lake  George,  266;  proposes  taking  holy 
orders  and  establiBhing  an  Episcopal  semi- 
nary among  the  Six  Nations,  487 ;  bio- 
graphical notice  of,  492 ;  Sir  Wm.  John- 
son is  not  favorably  impressed  with  his 
scheme,  497;  re-urges  his  plan  on  Sir 
L    Wm.  Johnson,  499, 

— — ,  Rev.  Luke,  biographical  sketch 
of,  491. 

Bailey,  Gen.  Jacob,  rejwrts  to  the  N.  Y. 
convention  that  a  number  of  the  New 
Hampshire  grants  have  declared  indepen- 
dancy,  930;  refuses  to  join  the  Green 
Mountain  boys,  9Sl. 

Bainbridge,  (Mce,  Clinton  township.) 

Baker,  Remember,  names  of  the  persons  who 
rescued,  777;  violent  conduct  of,  799, 
848;  commission  of,  852;  appointed  a 
judge  of  the  Bennington  rioters,  860. 

Baptist  association  of  Philadelphia,  date  of 
its  formation,  and  number  of  churches 
attaahed  in  177%  to  tb^  488. 

4if 


Barber,  Rev.  Jonathan,  319. 

Barclay,  Rev.  Henry,  Sir  Wm. 
lettet  to,  respecting  Mr.  Bennel 
requested  to  superintend  the  print 
new  edition  of  the  Indian   pray 
321,  326;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  tral 
plan  for  the  new  Indian  prayerl 
330;  letter  of,  to  Rev.  Sam  1  Jof 
the  propriety  of  Mr.  Bennett  pi| 
to  the  Mohawks  in  capacity  of  < 
332;  death  of,  340. 

Barnard,  Gov.,  Lord  George  Saokvi] 
of  OS  successor  to,  403. 

Barometer,    the,    not    subject 
changes  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  ll 

Barringtoq,  Great,  collection  for  f 
at,  373.  I 

Barton,  Rev.  Thomas,  sends  Sir  WJ 
son  an  electrical  apparatus,  SOOT 
phical  notice  of  the,  361;  desJ 
condition  of  the  Pcimsylvaniif 
frontier^  381 ,  applies  for  leave! 


^^  ^' 


INDEX. 


1121 


ssment  rolls  of  the  five  Dutch  towna  on 

,  I.,  141. 

idcrrogo,  202. 

.nderogle,  262.  v    i     v 

)rncy-Uencral  of  New-York,  how  ap. 

)intcd,  181.  .     .       „     T>      „ 

hmiity,  Rev.  Dr.,  invites  the  Rev.  Mr. 
arton  to  become  a  meipber  of  the  Soc. 
ir  Prop,  the  gospel,  361 ;  Sir  Wm.  John- 
m's  letter  to,  on  the  election  fo^mcm- 
ers   of    assembly,    403;    John    Eivnd, 
•hoolmaster  at  Rye,  asks  advice  of,  about 
le  propriety  of  moving  to  Fort  Johrson, 
08 ;  is  of  opinion  that  Albany  and  Schen- 
ctady  should   havfe   but  one   episcopal 
linister,   419;  further  mention  of,  421, 
22 ;  introduces  Rev.  Mr.  Forbes  to  Sir 
Vm.  Johnson,  423;  defines  the  eharact«i 
f  a  true  churchman,  424;  conveys  the 
hanks  of  the  N.  Y.  Episcopal  convention 
o  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  425;  informed  that 
he  Lutheran  minister  of  Stonearaby  de- 
lires  to  join  the  Episcopal  church,  445; 
ilso,  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hanna  is  anxioui 
;o  conform,  446;  gives  his  views  as  to 
sncouraging  these  dissenting  inlinsteisto 
sake  orders  in  the  church  of  Efig.,  450; 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  communicates  the  state 
of  religion  in  the  Mohawk  valley  to,  455; 
rector   of    Trinity    church,    New-York; 
entirely  ignorant  of  the  charges  brought 
by  the  Soo.  for  Prop,  the  gospel,  against 
Sir  Henry  Moore,  608;  recommends  cer- 
tain   persons  to  be  militaiy  officers  for 
Glocester  co.,  636.  ,   ^ .    , 

ickland,  Lord,   biographical   sketch  of, 

477. 

very.  Rev.  David,  attends  the  treaty  at 
FortStanwix,  391. 
— ,  Rev.  Ephraim,    Biog.   notice  of, 

409. 


arber.  Rev.  Jonathan,  319. 

arclay,  Rev.  Henry,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson 
lettet  to,  respecting  Mr.  Bennett,  o«9, 
reauested  to  superintend  the  printing  of  t 
new  edition  of  the  Indian  prayer-book, 
321,  326;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  transmits « 
plan  for  the  new  Indian  prayer-book  to, 
330:  letter  of,  to  Rev.  Sam  1  Johnson  on 
the  propriety  of  Mr.  Bennett  proceeding 
to  the  Mohawks  in  capacity  of  cateoliul, 
332;  death  of,  340. 

Jarnard,  Gov.,  Lord  George  SaokviUe  talked 
of  as  successor  to,  403.  . ,  , 

Barometer,    the,    not    subject    to  violent 
changes  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y .,  >-'\    . 

Harrington,  Great,  coUection  for  a  church 

Barton,  Rev.  Thomas,  sends  Sir  Wm.  John- 

"son  an  electrical  apparatus,  o60;biogn- 

phical  notice  of  tiie,  361;  describes  ^ 

Ldition  of   the    Pennsylvama  weto 

frontier,  381;  appUea  for  leave  tocaltl. 


rate  some  land  near  Lancaster,  382;  letter 
of  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to,  438. 

Battle  betwen  the  Dutch  and  the  Indiana  in 
Sullivan  oo.,  73. 

Baudartius,  Gulielmua,  bome  amoont  of, 
132. 

Baxter,  Lieut.,  leads  an  English  party 
against  the  Indiana,  14,  15. 

Bay,  Rev.  Andrew,  2d  Presbyterian  min- 
ister at  Albany,  biographical  no  lice  of, 
383. 

,  Judge  Elisha  H.,  384. 

Bear,  habits  of  the,  119. 

Beardsley,  Rev.  John,  Episoopal  minister 
of  Poughkeepsie,  1059. 

Beaver,  description  of  the,  120. 

Becker,  Pieter,  report  of  his  soottt  to  the 
east  of  Lake  George,  278. 

Beeren  island,  where,  89. 

Bennet,  Mr.  recommended  to  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson,  309;  notice  of,  332. 

Bennington,  the  town  of,  patented,  533; 
claimed  to  be  within  the  Frov.  of  N.  Y., 
535;  names  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
township  of,  585;  a  military  company  es- 
tablished at,  762 ;  Esq.  Munro  applies  for 
{)rotection  against  the  rioters  at,  776; 
enient  measures  towards  them  recom- 
mended, 777;  anned  organization  of  the 
people  of,  778;  governor  Tryon  s  letter  to 
the  inhabitants  of,  ib. ;  names  of  the 
leaders  of  the  mob  of,  780,  781 ;  order  re- 
specting the  sufferers  from  the  mob  of, 
786;  report  of  the  council  on  the  disorders 
at,  ib. ;  conditions  offered  by  the  govern- 
ment of  N.  Y.  to  the  people  of,  792;  a 
report  of  a  public  meeting  at,  ib. ;  Gov. 
Tryon  requires  the  inhabitonts  of,  to  put 
certain  families  into  re-possession  of  their 
lands  at  Otter  creek,  793 ;  orders  of  the 
Gk>v.  and  council  of  N.  Y.  respecting  cer- 
tain letters  received  from,  795;  further 
ontrages  committed  by  the  mob  of,  799, 
830;  the  people  of,  send  an  a^ent  to  Lon- 
don to  demand  an  alteration  in  the  juris- 
diction of  the  Prov.,  802;  the  mob  of, 
destroy  Col.  Reid's  settlement  on  Otter 
creek,  842 ;  and  Mr.  Munro's  pot  ashery, 
845;  a  military  force  demanded  to  put 
down  the  rioters  at,  ib.,  846,  854,  884;  a 
man  unmercifully  whipped  by  the  mob 
of,  854;  Lord  Dartmouth  disapproves  of 
calling  out  the  military  against  the  rioters 
at,  856;  the  people  of  Charlotte  county 
demand  protection  against  the  mob  of, 
""  "  the  rioters  of,  erect  their  judgment 


ib. 


seat,  859,  et  seq.,  Esq.  Spencer's  house 
fired  by  the  mob  of,  867 ;  report  to  the 
N.  Y.  assenibly  on  the  proceedings  of  the 
mob  of,  869 ;  the  rioters  sit  in  judgment 
at,  873 ;  erect  fortifications  on  Otter  creek 
and  Onion  river,  875,  883;  and  declare 
those  who  accept  commissions  of  the  peace 
enemies  of  the  country,  881 ;  Rev.  Benj. 
Hough  most  cruelly  whipped  by  the  mob 
of,  896,  et  seq.,  Lt.  Gov.  Colden  reports 
to  Lord  Dartmouth  the  recent  outrages 
committed  by  the  rioters  of,  914;  forts 
Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point  seized  by 
the  mob  of,  ib. ;  (see,  WMumtchack.) 

Vol.  ir. 


Beniel,  Adolphus,  notice  of,  854. 

Bible,  not  a  gilt  quaito,  for  sale  in  New- 
York,  396. 

Billings,  Capt.  Roger,  report  of  his  soont  to 
the  narrows  of  Lake  Champlain,  274. 

Birds  of  N.  Nethorland,  4,  122. 

Blanchard,  Joseph,  colonel  of  the  N.  Hamp- 
shire reg  t,  260. 

BloominKDurg,  Sullivan  co.,  an  account  of 
a  battle  with  the  Indians  at,  73. 

Blok,  Adriaen,  discovers  various  parts  of 
N.  Netherland,  115. 

Blom,  Domine,  visits  the  Manhatans  67; 
returns  to  the  Esopus,  78. 

Boariman,  Rev.  Joseph,  319. 

Board  of  trade,  extract  of  Gov.  Wentworth's 
letter  to  the,  548 ;  Lt.  Gov.  Golden  ad- 
vises the,  of  the  dispute  between  N.  Y. 
and  N.  Hampshire  as  to  bounds,  560, 
667;  transmits  Gov.  Wentworths  procla- 
mation to  the,  and  pronounces  the  New 
Hampshire  grants  to  navo  been  made  for 
purposes  of  jobbing  and  fraud,  572;  report 
of  the,  containing  a  basis  on  which  they 
are  of  opinion  the  difficulties  regarding 
the  N.  H.  grants  can  be  settled,  712; 
plan  of  the,  for  the  settlement  of   the 

,  di£Bculties  respecting  the  N.  Halhpshire 
grants,  803 ;  approved,  827.  (see,  Tnjon, 
Gov.) 

Bogardus,  Rev.  Mr.,  drowned.  111. 

Boniface,  Rev.  Frs.,  293. 

Book  of  common  prayer  in  the  Mohawk 
language,  "(see.  Prayer  Book.) 

Boston,  latitude  and  long,  of,  176;  the 
Scoteh  coramissiciners  at,  propose  to  estab- 
lish English  schools  among  the  Indians, 
314;  people  of,  apprehensive  that  some 
of  them  will  be  oalled  to  G.  Britain  by  a 
lord  chief  justice's  warrant,  403. 

Boswyck.     (see,  Bushwick.) 

Boundaries  of  the  Prov.  of  N.  York,  177. 

Bradley,  R.,  attorney-general  of  the  I^tot. 
of  N.  York,  report  on  the  eastern  boun- 
dary of  that  province  by,  537. 

Brainerd,  Rev.  John,  357. 

Brant,  Joseph,  an  account  of  his  introduction 
to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock's  school,  305; 
Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock's  character  of,  323 ; 
Mr.  C.  J.  Smith  designs  to  take,  as  an 
interpreter,  to  the  Mohawk  country,  325 ; 
and  to  defray  the  expense  of  his  educa- 
tion, 326;  ordered  to  return  home,  330; 
assists  in  translating  part  of  the  new  tes- 
tament into  the  Mohawk  language,  508. 

Brattleborongh,  declaration  of  the  people  at, 
of  their  allegiance  toN.  York,  936;  repre- 
sentation of,  to  the  N.  Y.  Prov.  congress, 
937;  census  of,  1034. 

Breakenridge,  James,  sent  by  the  people 
of  Bennington  to  London,  to  demand  an 
alteration  in  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Fror. 
of  N.  Y.,  802. 

Breeden  Raedt,  extracts  from  the,  99. 

Bressani,  Rev.  Frs.  Jos.,  292. 

Breucklen.    Csee  Brooklyn.) 

Brief  considerations  on  the  subject  of  the  in- 
dependence of  Vermont,  933. 

Brookland.    (see  Brocklyn.) 

Brooklyn,  the  Indians  of,  callri  Mereke- 

71 


i  = 


\  1123 


IVDEX. 


♦.*» 


It 


*< 


'•  5. 


^( 


JW  'i 


** 


2?a. 


wacki,  102;  aMenrnent  roll  of^  in  U7b, 
U(;  population  of,  in  1738,  ISO;  namea 
of  tho  inhabitants  of,  in  1738,  196. 

Brown,  J.  W.,  of  Schenectady,  aom*  par- 
ticulars of,  387. 

— — ,  Rev.  Thomas,  apolojrices  for  not 
being  able  to  visit  Fort  Hunter,  804; 
ti'itiitc  of,  ib. ;  acquaints  Sir  Wm.  John- 
Hon  of  his  intended  visit  to  the  Mohawlt 
cuttle,  847;  determined  to  oppoM  the 
settlement  of  Dr.  Wheelock'i  teachers  at 
Fort  Hunter,  367 ;  proposes  visiting  John- 
ion  hall,  308;  accused  of  re-baptising 
children  already  christened  by  Prcsbyte- 


rtaii  mlnlsten,  889:  invited  to  ol9c 
Great  Barrington,  373. 

Brownists,  the,  obliged  to  auit  Englam 

Rruyas,  Rev.  Juooues,  2i>3. 

Barton,  Rev,  Dr.  Daniel,  seo'y  to  tl 
for  Prop,  the  gospel,  biue.  hicui 
376;  mentioned,  429;  Sir  Wm.  J 
acquaints,  that  he  has  engaged  th 
Mr.  Mosely  as  minister  of  John 
481 ;  succeeded  as  sec'y  by  Dr.  Him 

Bushwiok,  assessment  roll  of,  in  167^ 
population  of,  in  1736,  18Q;  names 
inhabitants  of,  in  1738,  198. 

BylM,  Rev.  Mather,  819. 


c. 


O)    'one-* 


Cadarakiu,  the  Oneida  river  falls  into  Lake, 
173;  Lake  Erie  and  the  western  lakes 
oommunieato  with  Lake,  174;  the  French 
have  a  fort  at,  341. 

Calvin,  Ilozckiah,  an  Indian  teacher,  367. 

Cambridge,  articles  of  union  agreed  to  at, 
1004;  submission  of  the  people  of,  to  N. 
Yorl;,  1007. 

Campbell,  Daniel,  notice  of,  419. 

Canada,  number  of  persons  in  1738  capable 
of  bearing  arms  in,  240;  father  Robanlt 
writes  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  on  the  neces- 
sity of  the  Eni^lish  retaining,  336 ;  trans- 
mits to  Gen.  Amherst  a  code  of  civil  laws 
for,  3S8;  the  clergy  of  the  R.  C.  ohnrch 
in,  take  great  pains  to  preserve  the  In- 
dians in  the  faith,  454 ;  the  British,  regu- 
lars ill  use  the  inhabitants  of,  943. 

Canadcsage,  Rev.  S.  Kirtland's  letter 
from,  358. 

Cana{obarie,  Rev.  Mr.  Hartwiok's  address 
to  the  Mohawks  of,  296;  Rev.  Mr.  Oel, 
Episcopal  minister  at,  308;  Rev.  Mr. 
Lappius,  minister  at,  335;  Philip  Jona- 
than, Indian  eohoolmaster  at,  339;  cost 
of  the  Episcopal  church  at,  429;  Rev. 
Mr.  Hall  ileclinca  coming  to,  482. 

Canestogo  laid  waste,  331. 

Oanniungaes,  why  the  Mohawks  were 
called,  432. 

Capital  punishments,  Indians  why  averse 
to,  434. 

Capito,  Mattys,  secretary  at  the  Eaopui, 
66,  70,  76,  86 ;  sheriff  of  Esopus,  96. 

Carheii,  Rev.  Etienne  de,  293. 

Carrying  places  in  the  province  of  New 
York,  173;  that  at  Niagara  in  the  hands 
of  the  French,  241 . 

"  Case,  the,  of  the  Episcopal  churches  oon- 
sidered."    (see  Pamphlet.) 

Coahiektunk,  an  Indian  settlement,  177. 

Castor,  what,  121. 

Catholics  in  N.  Netherland,  22. 

Cattle,  prices  of,  in  N.  Netherland,  32;  in 
N.  Eng.,  3^;  terms  on  which  settlers 
obtained,  35;  domestic,  in  N.  Nether- 
land, 118. 

Cayngu,  strength  of  the,  in  1770,  427  {  the 
symbol  of  the,  433. 

Census  of  the  five  Dutch  towns  on  L.  I., 
139 ;  of  the  province  of  New  Tork  ordered 


to  be  taken,  186;  of  the  several  a 
in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  184,  et  atq. 

Center,  a  Mohawk  youth,  sent  t 
Wheelock  to  be  educated,  rctunu 
and  dies,  306. 

Chamberlain,  Rev.  Theophilus,  remon 
with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  for  havi 
baptized  children  already  christei 
Presbyterian  missionariefl,  'MS;  no 
the,  370 ;  explains  his  motive  for  i 
stn^ing  with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Brown, 

Chambers,  Capt.  Thomas,  39,  42 ;  si 
horses  to  the  expedition  against  tl 
dians,  71;  mentioned,  83,  90,  97. 

Chambly,  in  1738,  description  of.  240 

Champlain  lake,  the  French  erect  a  f 
the  south  end  of,  176;  jounials  of 
around,  259,  et  seq.,  petition  f 
erection  of  a  new  county  on  tl 
side  of,  578. 

Chandler,  Rev.  Dr.,  the  appeal  of,  a^ 
by  several  bishops,  410;  about  pub 
a  vindication  of  his  apiieal,  ib. 

Charies,  Robert,  agent  of  the  provi 
New  York,  648. 

Charlotte  county,  lord  Dunmore 
erect  the  public  buildings  of,  771 
tions  to  have  Socialborough  declai 
capital  of,  773 ;  petitions  that  Sken 
be  the  chief  town  of,  818;  courts  ( 
roon  pleas  and  general  sessions  esta 
for,  846 ;  petitions  of  several  inhi 
of,  for  a  military  force  to  protei 
against  the  Bennington  rioters,  8f 
plies  for  the  privilege  of  electing  i 
sentative  to  the  assembly,  888. 

Charlton,  Rev.  Mr.,  1064. 

Chatham,  population  oV,  774. 

Chanmonot,  Rev.  Pierre  M.,  292. 

Channwr,  Rev.  Dr.,  307,  314. 

Chief  Jnstice  of  New  York,  bow  ap] 
181. 

Chittenden,  Gov.  Thos.,  promises  of 
people  of  Cumberland  co.,  978; 
of,  to  the  queries  of  congress,  979. 

Church,  Col.  Timothy,  petitions  tb 
latnre  of  N.  Y.  in  behalf  of  the  A 
sufferers,  1014. 

Church  of  -England,  ontcry  in  Pcnns 
against  the  bishops  and,  381 ;  o 
spectable  footing  in  N.   York, 


INDEX. 


1123 


I  mtniiten,  8M j  inTlted  to  oflctate  at 
lat  Barrington,  373. 
niita,  the,  obliged  to  auit  England,  131. 
u,  Rev.  Jacques,  '2m. 
m,  Rey,  Dr.  Daniel,  ieo'y  to  the  goo. 
Prop,   the  gospel,  biog.  hicnioir  of, 
J;  mentioned,  420;  Bir  Wm.  Johnson 
luaints,  that  he  has  engaged  the  llcv. 
'.   Mosely  as  minister  of  Johnstown, 
1 5  succeeded  H  «eo"y  by  Dr.  lllnd,  485. 
iwick,  assessment  roll  of,  in  1675,  HI; 
pulation  of,  in  1738,  18«;  names  of  th« 
habitants  of.  In  1738,  198. 
»,  Rer.  Mather,  81«. 

be  taken,  186;  of  the  seTeral  countiM 
the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  184,  et  aeq.,  7(8. 
ter,  a  Mohawk  youth,  sent  to  Dr. 
heelock  to  be  educated,  returns  home 
id  dies,  306. 

mberlain.  Rev.  Theophilus,  remonstratcj 
ith  the  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  i'or  having  re- 
iptized  children  already  christened  by 
resbyterian  missionaries,  I'.OS;  notice  of 
le,  370 ;  explains  his  motive  for  remon. 
)rating  with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Brown,  371. 
imbers,  Capt.  Thomas,  89,42;  supplies 
orses  to  the  expedition  against  the  In- 
ians,  71;  mentioned,  83,  90,  97. 
imbly,  in  1738,  description  of.  240. 
tmplain  lake,  the  French  erect  a  fort  on 
iie  south  end  of,  176;  journals  of  scoutj 
round,   259,   et  seq-,  petiUon  for  the 
reotion  of  a  new   county  on   the  mi 
ide  of,  678. 

mdlcr,  Rev.  Dr.,  the  appeal  of,  approved 
y  several  bishops,  410;  about  publiahing 
,  vindication  of  his  api>cal,  ib. 
irles,  Robert,  agent  of  the  province  of 
lew  York,  548. 

trlotte  couDtv,  lord  Dunmore  offers  to 
root  the  piibiio  buildings  of,  771;  peti- 
ions  to  have  Socialborough  declared  the 
apital  of,  773;  petitions  that  Skenesboro' 
le  the  chief  town  of,  818;  courts  of  com- 
non  pleas  and  general  sessions  estaWished 
or,  848 ;  petitions  of  several  inhabitants 
»f,  for  a  military  force   to  protect  them 
kptdnst  the  Bennington  rioters,  856;  »p- 
diet  for  the  privilege  of  electing  a  repie- 
«ntative  to  the  assembly,  888. 
arlton.  Rev.  Mr.,  1064. 
atham,  population  of,  774. 
anmonot.  Rev.  Pierre  M.,  292. 
annoy,  Rev.  Dr.,  307,  314.  , 

ief  Justice  of  New  York,  how  appomted, 

181 

ittenden,  Gov.  Thos.,  promises  of,  to  the 
Mople  of  Cumberland  co.,  978;  answcrt 
)f,  to  the  queries  of  congress,  979. 
ureh,  Col.  Timothy,  petitions  the  legis- 
^tar^  of  N.  Y.  in  behalf  of  the  Vermont 

sufferers,  1014.  „i„.„ia 

uroh  of  England,  ont«ry  in  P^nnsylvami 
against  the  bishops  and,  381 ;  on  a  re 
i^ble  footing   in  N.  York,  404,  » 


clergy  of  the,  in  the  state  of  K.  Y.  on- 
comprumiding  io  their  loyalty  during  the 
revulutiunary  struggle,  6U8;  township 
giunted  by  the  Pruv.  of  N.  Y.  to  the 
clergy  of  the,  590. 

Clarke.  Lt.  Gov.,  lays  certain  queries  be- 
fore the  council,  105;  remarks  on  the 
ounstiiution  of  the  province  of  N.  York, 
by,  ISO. 

,  Rev.  Richd  614. 

Claus,  Lieut.  Daniel,  loout  of,  to  Tioon- 
dcruga  and  Crown  Point,  281 ;  sends  Dr. 
Barclay  a  copy  of  the  old  Indian  prayer- 
book,  330 ;  referred  to  aa  having  a  perfect 
oupy  of  the  Indian  prayer-book,  341; 
composes  an  Indian  primer,  508. 

Ulareraok,  dve  tribes  of  river  Indians  meet 
near,  84. 

CUy,  James,  calls  on  the  several  towns  of 
Cutiiburland  county  to  declare  whether 
they  desire  to  separate  from  New  York, 
922;  reports  that  efforts  are  making  to 
have  the  N.  lit  grants  formed  into  a  new 
state,  923;  authorized  by  N.  York  to 
circulate  the  resolutions  of  congress  dis- 
miiiiing  the  application  of  Vermont  to  be 
acknoyrledged  an  independent  state,  940 ; 
report  of  the  proceedings,  and  order  for 
the  arrest  of,  947 ;  why  he  was  arrested, 
918;  sent  by  Cumberland  eo.  to  report  to 
N.  York  the  difficulties  under  which  that 
county  labors,  949;  the  Vermont  party 
make  a  lovv  on,  900. 

Ckaveland,  Rev.  Ebenczer,  biog.  notice 
of,  389. 

Clench,  Robert,  introduced  to  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson,  383;  biog.  notice  of,  603. 

Clerks  of  the  peace,  whence  commissioned  in 
the  Prov.  of  N.  York,  181. 

aiinate  of  N.  Netherlands  3,  23;  of  N. 
York,  175. 

Clintos,  George,  governor  of  the  province 
uf  N.  York,  is  notiliedby  Gov.  Wentworth 
that  he  proposes  making  grants  of  the  un- 
improved lands  within  his  government, 
i'M ;  claims  the  Connecticut  river  as  the 
west  bounds  of  N.  York,  533 ;  is  informed 
by  Gov.  Wentworth  that  he  has  granted  a 
patent  for  the  township  of  Bennington, 
ib. ;  explains  why  Conn,  and  Mass.  west 
bounds  approach  so  near  to  the  Hudson 
river,  434 ;  and  claims  the  town  of  Ben  • 
nington  to  be  within  the  territory  of  N. 
Y.  635 ;  informs  Gov*  Wentworth  that  the 
government  of  N.  Y.  is  ready  to  exchange 
copies  of  each  other's  representations  to 
the  king  on  the  difference  between  them 
a.^  to  bounds,  536 ;  Gov.  Wentworth 
promises  to  transmit  an  authentic  copy 
of  the  representation  of  New  Hampshire 
to,  537. 
— — ,  George,  Gov.  of  the  state  of  New 
York,  grants  leave  to  the  Rev.  Mr-  Stuart 
to  proceed  to  Canada,  511;  candidate  for 
governor,  942 ;  issues  a  proclamation  set- 
ting forth  the  terms  offered  by  the  state 
of  X.  Y.  to  the  people  of  the  N.  Hamp- 
shire grants,  951 ;  Cumberland  oo.  peti- 
tions, for  protection,  957;  Col.   Faterson 


oommnnicatct  various  '<  stances  of  oppres- 
sion suffered  in  Verm  nt  by  thu  t'lieixls 
of  N.  Y.  to,  900,  roco  iiuends  thu  latter 
in  no  instance  to  aoknu  'lodge  the  autho- 
rity of  Vermont,  902 ;  writes  to  preHidont 
Jay  on  the  sul\|eot,  904 ;  aud  inrorius  him 
of  further  outrages  comiuitttd  by  the 
Green  Mountain  boys,  9U0;  intrnds  call- 
ing out  the  militia  for  the  protection  of  the 
people  of  Bratlleboro'  unless  congress 
interposes,  907 ;  president  Jay  communi- 
cates the  action  of  congress  thereufK>n  to, 
987;  the  N.  Y.  oongnssional  delt-gatioa 
write  on  the  same  subject  to,  968 ;  presi- 
dent Jay  transmits  the  names  of  the 
committee  of  congress  ap|)ointcd  to  repair 
to  the  inhabitants  of  the  N.  II.  grants,  to, 
969;  if  obliged  to  take  the  field  against 
the  common  enemy,  970 ;  complains  of  the 
inattention  of  congress  to  the  coiuplnints 
of  N.  Y.,  and  of  sundry  insults  offurcd  to 
the  civil  authority  of  that  rlutu  by  oltioers 
in  the  service  of  the  U.  S.,  971 ;  is  of 
opinion  that  the  measure  of  sufl'crings  of 
the  state  of  N.  Y.  is  nearly  full,  973;  re- 
monstrates, also,  with  the  congressional 
delegation  on  the  same  subject,  974; 
communicates  to  Gen.  Washington  his  in- 
tention of  convening  the  state  legislature 
for  the  purpose  of  vindiculing  the  authority 
of  government,  and  requests  the  return 
of  sundry  field  pieces  loaned  to  the  U.  S. 
array,  975;  transmits  to  the  legislature 
of  New  Y^ork  the  act  of  congress  for  set- 
tling  the  disturbances  in  the  N.  E.  dis- 
trict of  that  state,  lOHO;  communicates 
his  advice  to  the  committee  of  Gunohcrland 
CO.,  1010;  advises  reprisals  on  the  oppo- 
nents of  the  state  in  the  N.  H.  grants, 
should  they  attack  the  friends  of  N.  Y., 
and  reports  the  ill  conduct  of  Ethan 
Allen  to  congress,  1013. 

Clinton,  township  of,  appropriated  to  the 
Vermont  sufferers,  1017. 

Cochrane,  Rob't,  and  othera  forcibly  eject 
grantees  under  N.  Y.  from  their  lands, 
720;  ordered  to  be  arrested,  749;  men- 
tioned, 800. 

CoiiDEK,  Cadwallader,  ordered  to  answer 
certain  queries  on  the  sta'e  of  the  prov- 
ince of  New  York,  lOii;  observations  on 
the  soil,  climate,  water  communications, 
4c.,  of  the  Prov.  of  New  York,  by  109; 
observations  on  the  attorney-general's  re- 
port on  the  eastern  boundary  of  New 
York,  presented  by,  540;  issues  a  pro- 
clamation claiming  the  Connecticut  river 
to  be  the  East  bounds  of  the  Prov.  of  N. 
York,  558 ;  lays  before  the  board  of  trade 
the  state  of  the  dispute  between  N.  York 
and  N.  Hampshire  as  to  boundary,  560, 
567;  transmits  Gov.  Wentworth  s  procla- 
mation to  the  board  of  trade,  and  pro- 
nounces the  grants  under  New  Hampshire 
west  of  Connecticut  river  to  be  founded  ia 
jobbing  and  fraud,  672;  sheriff  Schuyler 
acquaints,  that  he  had  arrested  several 
persons  belonging  to  New  Hampshire  who 
had  forcibly  ejected  sundry  tenant!  on 


w 


i 


vmi 


¥1 


1124 


INDEX. 


Mi 

It.  ?^i 


T   '4  . 


,     '^-^fi' 


the  Ilooriok  patent,  A76 ;  iinei  »  proota- 
uiation  for  the  arrest  of  Jaaici  Brcakcii- 
riJ)(e  an4  others,  616;  calls  the  attciitlun 
of  Luni  Hiilsboro'  to  the  onlor  forbidding 
him  to  grant  patcuts  for  land  already 
granted  oy  N.  Hampshire,  619;  states 
that  Gov.  Moore,  always  exacted  fees  for 
srants  of  land,  621;  complaint  of  Judge 
Wells  made  to,  ib. ;  informed  that  Qen. 
Gage  declines  to  call  out  the  military 
against  the  N.  Hampshire  rioters,  885; 
transmits  to  lord  Dartmouth  an  account 
of  the  condition  of  afl'airs  on  the  New 
Hampshire  grants,  886;  lord  Dartmouth 
iufuruis,  that  he  still  disapproves  of  call- 
ing out  the  troops,  8U0;  informs  lord 
Dartmouth  of  the  progress  of  the  Ben- 
nington rioters,  ttl4;  and  that  they  have 
captured  forts  Ticonderoga  and  Crown 
Point,  919. 

Coldcn,  sundry  petitions  for  the  erection  of 
a  new  county  to  be  called,  578,  580. 

College,  King's,  a  township  granted  to,  596, 
636 ;  order  for  the  settlement  of  the  town- 
shiji  belonging  to,  767 ;  charter  of  signed, 
1U52. 

Colonics,  information  for  the  planting  of,  in 
New  Netherland,  27;  title  of  a  rare  politi- 
cal pamphlet  on  the,  (see  Pamphlet.) 

Colviii,  Oliver,  banished  from  Vermont  for 
being  an  old  Yorker,  957. 

Congress,  the  Continental,  the  people  of  the 
N.  H.  grants  send  in  their  adhesion  to, 
921;  some  members  of,  consulted  on  the 
subject  of  forming  the  N.  H.  grants  into 
a  new  state,  922,  923 ;  reported  to  have 
authorized  Col.  Warner  and  others  to 
raise  a  regiment  independent  of  N.  York, 
024;  the  resolutions  of,  discountenancing 
the  projects  of  Vermont  to  be  independent 
of  New  York,  944;  are  ordered  by  the  N. 
Y.  com.  of  safety  to  be  distributed  through 
the  eastern  part  of  the  stat«,  946 ;  Capt. 
Clay  arrested  frr  circulating  the  resolu- 
tions of,  948 ;  Vermont  discards  the  reso- 
lutions of,  950 ;  resolves  to  send  a  com- 
mittee to  the  inhabitants  of  the  N.  H. 
grants  to  inquire  why  they  refuse  to  con- 
tinue citizens  of  the  respective  states 
which  heretofore  exercised  jurisdiction 
over  them,  968;  instructions  of,  to  the 
committee  sent  to  N.  H.  gpnnts,  976; 
letter  of  the  committee  of,  to  the  oom- 

.  mittce  of  Cumberland  co.,  977;  Gov. 
Chittenden's  answers  to  the  committee  of, 
979;  resolutions  of,  recommending  the 
states  of  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts 
and  New-York  to  pass  laws  authorizing 
congress  to  hear  and  determine  all  differ- 
ences between  them  relative  to  their  re- 
spective boundaries,  992;  notes  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  first,  1069,  et  seq. 

Connecticut,  why  the  west  bounds  of  the 
Prov.  of,  approach  so  near  Hudson  river, 
534,  538. 

,  river,  3;  Lt.  Gov.  Colden  claims 
the,  to  be  the  east  bounds  of  the  Prov. 
of  N.  York,  558;  the  western  banks  of, 
declared  by  the  king  in  council  to  be  the 


boundary  between  the  provinoei 
York  and  New  Hampshire,  574 ;  ] 
for  the  erection  of  sundry  new  eou 
the  west  side  of,  578,  580,  581 
of  the  committee  of  the  council  of 
on  the  said  petitions,  583 ;  numbci 
fit  to  bear  arms  on  the  west  side 
and  within  the  province  of  N.  Yoi 
persons  havlpg  valid  deeds  und< 
Hampshire  not  to  be  disturbed 
grants  on  the  west  side  of,  589; 
hundred  and  fifty  souls  settled 
west  side  of,  600 ;  cost  of  a  towni 
602 ;  petition  praying  for  the  confi 
by  N.  York  of  certain  N.  Ha 
grants  on  the  west  side  of,  668 ;  t 
waters  of,  explored,  721 ;  New  \ 
Iterates  Its  rlgnt  to  the  lands  west 
760. 

Connoquaga,  312. 

Connor,  James,  report  of  his  scout  ( 
George,  276. 

ConnoBumothdlan,  31 1 ;  a  place  1 
Connequuga  and  Tuscarora  ciutlc, 

Constable,  Dr.,  of  Schenectady,  4ti3. 

Cooper,  Rev.  Dr.  Mylcs,  visits  fort  J 
why,  425 ;  highly  esteemed  by  S 
Johnson,  426;  mentioned,  441,  47 
to  Englond,  469;  Col.  Henry  15i 
letter  to,  proposing  to  take  holy  on 
to  establisn  an  Episcopal  seminar} 
the  gix  Nations,  487. 

Corlaor  8  Hook,  attack  on  the  Ind 
11,  103. 

Coroners  of  the  Prov.  of  New  York, 
commissioned,  181. 

Corsen,  Arcnt,  sent  by  Kieft  to 
with  specimens  of  the  minerals 
Netherland;  117;  drowned,  118. 

Cosby,  Gov.,  dies  universally  detest 

Couwenhovcn,    Lt.     (see,    Van 
hoven.) 

Cowass,  a  murder  committed  betwe 
and  lower,  582. 

Cows,  price  of,  in  N.  Netherland,  3! 
Eng.,  33. 

CranK,  David,  author  of  a  history  ol 
land,  376. 

Creation,  the  Indian's  ideas  of  the, 

Croghan,  Geo.,  introduces  Rev 
drews  to  Sir  Wm.   Johnson,  41 
notice  of,  420. 

Cromme-see  Vly,  1077. 

Crops,  rotation  of,  in  N.  Netherlan( 

Crown  Point,  latitude  and  longitude 
the  French  fort  at,   240;  descrii 
241;    a  party    sent  to    reconno 
French  fort  at,  269 ;  distance  of, 
lower  end  of  Lake  George,  260 
of  scouts  to,  278,  281,  284;  tabi 
distances  from  Albany  to,  287 ; 
the  inhabitants  of  the  district 
captured  by  the  Green  Mounta 
919. 

Cruger,  Mr.,  chosen  speaker  of  Ni 
assembly,  409. 

Cumberland  county,  ordinance  esti 
courts  in,  587 ;  names  of  the  clvl 
appointed  for,  588;  Gov.  Moore 


\\ 


\Jfi 


IMOKX. 


1135 


onndary  between  the  prorinoei  of  Xtw 
'uric  and  New  HampHhiru,  A74 ;  iMititioui 
9r  the  erection  of  Hundry  new  oountUa  on 
he  wc«t  side  of,   blA,   &8U,  dHl;  rejioil 
if  the  committee  of  the  council  of  N.  V. 
•n  the  laid  petitions,  683 ;  number  of  nien 
It  to  bear  anna  on  the  wcit  side  of  thr, 
md  within  the  province  of  N.  Yorlt,  .'iSii; 
lerHons  havirg  valid  deeds  under  ism 
lampshiro  not  to  be  disturbed    in   the 
rants  on  the  west  side  of,  589 ;  not  two 
tundred  and  fifty  souls  settled  on   llie 
rest  side  of,  000 ;  cost  of  a  township  nn, 
102;  petition  praying  for  the  confirnmtiDu 
N.   York  of   certain  N.   IlanipsliiM 
rants  on  the  west  side  of,  6A8;  the  head 
raters  of,  explored,  721;  New  York  re- 
tcratcs  its  riKDt  to  the  lands  west  of  the, 
60. 

nnoquaga,  312. 

nnor,  James,  report  of  his  scout  on  Luke 
Gleorge,  276. 

nnosomothdian,   311;    a    place    between 
Connequaga  and  Tuscarora  castle,  '6i'2. 
nstable,  Dr.,  of  Schenectady,  4ti3. 
oper.  Rev.  Dr.  Myles,  visits  fort  Johnan, 
why,  425 ;  highly  esteemed  by  Sir  Wii, 
Johnson,  426;  mentioned,  441,  473;  fail- 
to  England,   461);  Col.  Henry  Uabcoiks 
letter  to,  proposing  to  take  holy  oidfii^  urj 
to  establish  an  Episcopal  seminary  nmiig 
the  S^ix  Nations,  487. 
•riacr  s  Hook,  attack  on  the  Indiaiw  nt. 
11,  103. 

ironcrs  of  the  Prov.  of  New  York,  wbouce 
commissioned,  181. 

)rsen,  Arcnt,  sent  by  Kicft  to  JlollnnJ 
with  specimens  of  the  minerals  of  Kcw 
Ncthtiland;  117;  drowned,  118. 
)sBy,  Gov.,  dies  universally  detested,  244. 
luwenhovcn,  Lt.  (see.  Van  L'ovvn- 
hoven.) 

•wass,  a  murder  committed  between  uppfr 
and  lower,  682. 

iws,  price  of,  in  N.  Netherland,  32 ;  in  N. 
Eng.,  33. 

anz,  David,  author  of  a  history  of  Green- 
land, 376. 

eation,  the  Indian's  ideas  of  the,  130. 
oghan,  Geo.,  introduces  Rev.  Wm.  An- 
drews to  Sir  Wm.   Johnson,  419;  gone 
notice  of,  420. 
omme-see  Vly,  107J. 
ops,  rotation  of,  in  N.  Netherland,  6, 30. 
own  Point,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  17«; 
the  French  fort  at,   240 ;  description  of, 
241 ;    a  party    sent   to    reconnoitre  the 
French  fort  at,  259 ;  distance  of,  from  the 
lower  end  of  Lake  George,  260;  reporti 
of  scouts  to,  278,  281,  284;  table  of  the 
iistances  from  Albany  to,  287 ;  names  of 
the  inhabitants  of  the  district  of,  820; 
laptured  by  the  Green  Mountain  boys, 

no. 

ager,  Mr.,  chosen  speaker  of  New  York 
isscmbly,  409. 

mberland  county,  ordinance  establishing 
iourts  in,  587 ;  names  of  the  civil  officen 
appointed  for,  688;  Gov.  Moore  encour- 


•gM  tha  ooltar*  of  potuh,  and  hemp,  and 
at  bU  own  expense  ereoti  m  ohuroh  In, 
696,  696;  act  erecting,  disallowed,  AU8; 
list  of  the  judges  Ao.,  appointed  for.  Oil ; 
officers  of,  obstnictod  in  the  performanoe 
of  their  duty,  037,  641,  647,  et  itq.,  (see 
Orout,  John,)  petition  in  opposition  to 
one  praying  for  the  re -annexation  of,  to 
N.  11.,  U6:S;  petition  against  being  an- 
nexed to  New  llauiDshire,  transmitted  by 
Oov.  Dunmoro  to  Lord  llillsboro',  676; 
census  of,  70S;  an  acoount  of  a  riot  in, 
7J8,  769;  civil  officers  for,  776;  the  peo- 
ple of,  demand  the  privilege  of  electing  a 
representative  in  the  assembly  of  N.  Y., 
816;  tho  inhabitants  of,  demand  that  the 
several  townships  held  by  them  under  N. 
Uampshire  be  oonflrmml  under  tho  great 
seal  of  N.  Y.,  821;  particulars  of  another 
riot  in,  903,  904;  the  civil  oflioers  of,  pe- 
tition the  gov  t  of  N.  Y.  for  the  payment 
of  sundry  expenses  incurred  in  the  public 
service,  917;  with  Gloucester  proposed  to 
form  a  new  state,  922 ;  the  several  towns 
of,  invited  to  declare  whether  they  wish 
to  revolt  from  N.  York,  ib. ;  the  inhab- 
itants of,  submitted  to  the  jurisdiction  of 
N.  Y.  until  the  commenoement  of  the 
revolution,  927  {  the  greater  part  of  the 


nU  of,  who  own  property,  are  attached 
.  Y.,  937;  dangerooi  to  speak  against 
a  new  state  in  some  parts  of,  ib. ;  the 
people  of,  reoommended  to  form  an  asso« 
ciatlon  for  self-defence,  940;  applies  to 
N.  Y.  for  protection  against  the  preteodod 
■tate  of  Vermont,  967 ;  particulars  of  tho 
grievanoci  of,  968,  <t  «eq.;  several  officers 
of,  arrested  by  Ethan  Allen,  966 ;  a  letter 
of  the  committee  of  congress  to,  977  ( 
promise  of  Gov.  Chittenden  to,  978;  peti- 
tion of  the  several  towns  of,  to  congrest 
praying  it  to  Interfere  in  settling  tho 
disturbanoei  in  the  N.  U  grants,  081; 
certain  inhabitants  of,  apply  to  the  legis- 
lature of  N.  Y.  for  indemnity  for  the  inju- 
ries they  received,  from  the  pretended 
sUte  of  Vermont,  1003,  1014,  1020;  Gor. 
Clinton  communicates  the  disposition  of 
N.  Y.  to  the  committees  of,  10 III;  and 
states  that  he  has  communicated  to  con- 
gress the  particulars  of  the  late  outrage 
committed  by  Ethan  Allen  in,  1013;  list 
of  the  inhabitants  of,  who  have  suffered 
by  the  authority  of  Vermont,  1015;  cen- 
sus in  1771  of  the  several  towns  of,  1034. 
Curler,  Cornelius,  table  cf  distances  from 
Crown  Point  to  Albany  compiled  by, 
287. 


D. 


Dablon,  Rev.  Clande,  202. 

Damen,  Jan  Jans,  appointed  ohnrohwarden 
at  New  Amsterdam,  111. 

Danbey,  number  of  families  in  the  township 
of,  686. 

Danforth,  Thoma«,  a  pass  to  Mr.  Willard 
and,  to  go  to  Lake  Superior  to  observe  the 
transit  of  Venus,  407. 

Danskamer,  the,  where,  63. 

Dartmouth,  Lord,  discountenances  the  inter- 
position of  a  military  force  to  support  the 
titles  to  land  in  dispute  in  the  northern 
part  of  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  815;  approves 
of  the  plan  of  the  board  of  trade  for  the 
settlement  of  the  difficulties  on  the  New 
Hampshire  grants,  827;  informs  Gov. 
Tryon  that  nis  majesty  disapproves  of 
calling  out  the  military  against  the  New 
Hampshire  rioters,  85tl;  Lt.  Gov.  Golden 
transmiti  an  account  of  the  disorganiza- 
tion existing  on  the  N.  H.  grants  to, 
886 ;  again  declines  authorizing  the  calling 
out  the  troops,  890;  Lt.  Gov.  Golden 
reports  to,  further  outrages  committed  by 
the  Bennington  rioters,  914;  and  that 
they  have  captured  forts  Ticonderoga  and 
Crown  point,  919. 

Davets,  Jan,  an  Indian  interpreter,  49 ;  sent 
to  some  Esopns  Indians,  61. 

Davids,  ChristoTel,  ordered  tft  Esopns,  59; 
negotiates  with  the  Indians,  63 ;  acts  as 
interpreter  in  an  expedition  against  the 
Esopus  Indians,  70;  returns  to  Fort 
Orange,  74. 


Dease,  Dr.,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  physician, 
489,  507. 

Decker,  Hon.  Mr.  de,  arrives  at  Esopus, 
49 ;  returns  to  the  Manhatans,  53,  62. 

Deer,  habite  of  the,  120. 

De  la  Garde,  Rev.  P.  P.  Frs.,  294. 

De  la  Montagne.    (see  Mmtagne.) 

De  Lancey,  Lt  Gov.,  issues  a  proclamation 
for  the  settlement  of  the  country  between 
Fort  Edward  and  Lake  George,  556;  bio- 
graphical memoir  of,  10'^6. 

Delaware  Indians,  the,  opposed  to  the  Eng- 
lish building  a  fort  at  Onoghquage,  302. 
river,  the  headwaters  of  the,  172. 


Dclisle,  Rev.  Mr.,  Episcopal  clergyman  at 
Montreal,  617. 

Devil  worship,  130. 

De  Vries,  Gapt.  Jan,  drowned.  111. 

De  Wit,  Tjerck  Claasen,  40,  42,  77;  hi« 
daughter  taken  {trisoner  by  the  In- 
dians, 43. 

DHeu,  Rev.  Jacques,  293.  "'    ' 

Diandorogo,  282. 

Dibblee,  Rev.  Ebcnezcr,  614. 

Dieskau,  Bamn,  defeated,  487;  some  par- 
ticulars of,  483. 

Diondaroga,  283. 

Diontarogo,  281-2.    (see  Ticofdero!ia.) 

Doolittle,  Capt.,  journal  of  his  scout  to 
Tiondorogo,  270. 

Dorset,  a  convention  at.  declares  the  neces- 
sity of  forming  the  N.  H.  grants  into  • 
separate  district,  and  sends  its  adherence 
to  the  continental  congrc88,-920. 


i 


1120 


IIIDKX. 


I  %    '    ,•■• 


'''  ft 


■>  ( 


Donghtjt  Rev,  J«ka,  raooeada  Mr.  An- 
draws  M  minUUr  of  SohenacUidj,  493; 
btugn|ibi«ttl  Rkotuh  of,  lb. 

Pimpor,  number  of  fftnillM  ia  tht  towntbip 
of,  a8«. 

Snane,  Jiimox,  34ft,   448;  memoir  of  1061. 

Daanceburgh,  towiuhlp  of,  ereotcd,  1067; 
BpiaaoiMl  church  of,  oomeorated,  1033. 

DnniioRi,  Lurd,  Gov.  of  the  Pror.  of  N. 
Y.,  the  church  of  EngkM>d  in  N.  Y.  epe- 
oUiljr  reconiinended  to  the  proteotion  of, 
461;  takes  very  little  notice  of  the  re- 
commendation, 4ft7;  iMnei  a  proolunfttlon 
for  the  arrcit  of  Silu  KuhiiMOD  and 
othon,  AAI;  letter  of,  t«  Lord  UULiboro' 
with  petitioni  from  the  countiei  of  Cum- 
berland and  (lloociter  agaiiut  being  an- 
nexed to  N.  Uamnihire,  676. 

Dunning,  Rev.  Benjamin,  31tt. 

Du  Parok,  Jan,  munraeo,  rttunu  to  the 
I,  U. 


DRpcrroT'.  Rev.  Fra.,  21)1. 

DurlNMU,  the  town  of,  originally  lett 
Col    Lidloa,  U&rt)  rabjedt^d  to  the 
rity  of  Ik*  pretBudiil  nt»u  of  Veimo 

Dutch,  the,  liumane  treMtiuo^t  of  tl 
(liana  by,  10 ,  attack  the  Indlanit  u 
luei!'  Hook  and  i'af'>f)ia,  11,  l(i;i; 
peace  lith  the  Indiana,  13;  lay  wiu 
Indian  plitritationa  on  Lous  Jfilun 
Rend  an  expedition  against  the  Indi 
Weatoheater  oo.,  ib. ;  twoioore  of, 
by  the  Indiana  in  164.'),  22;  date 
first  coming  to  N.  Neth«rland 
defeat  the  Eaopua  Indiana  and 
their  cbrbtian  captives,  7 'I;  (see 
hdiam.)  surrender  N.  Nethcrlanc 

Provinces,  motto  of  the  Unite< 

— —  towns  on  Long  Island,   assei 
rolls  of  the  five,  UV. 

Dutoheai  co.,  cenaui  of,  in  17''8t  184 ; 
of  th«  freeholders  of,  in  1740,  205. 


o 


E. 


i%^*  ■. 


;^ti 


Battabrook,  Rct.  Hotaort,  819. 

Ebel,  Serg  t  Pteter,  serves  at  Esopiu,45; 
sent  out  Booutlng,  47. 

Eden,  Sir  Ilob  t,  the  last  royal  governor  of 

Maryland,  biographical  memoir  of,  477. 

,  Wm.  (see  Auckland,  Lord.) 

Eolla,  Rev.  Natbaniol,  .319- 

Eight  men,  the,  elected  at  New  Amster- 
dam, 13. 

Elections,  triennial,  in  the  Pror.^f  N.  T., 
reasons  In  support  of,  243 ;  septennial,  in 
the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  when,  256. 

Elk,  bnblts  of  the,  120. 

Emigrants,  proper  season  when  they  should 
sail  to  N.  N.,  30 ;  rules  to  be  observed  by, 
in  preparing  wild  land,  31. 

English,  the,  settlo  in  N.  Notberland,  5; 
Muweries,  number  of  in  N.  Netherland, 
6;  furnish  guns  to  the  Indians,  7;  of  N. 
Netherland  enlisted  by  the  Dutch  against 
the  Indians,  13;    prefer  holding   lands 


nndcr  tin  Dutch,  22 ;  redoes  N.  N 
land,  131. 

Episcopal  churches  in  America,  Case  c 
considered,  516. 

Esopus,  journal  of  the  second  war  al 
37;  particulars  of  the  massacre  t 
settlers  at  the,  30 ;  settlers  at  the, 
to  supply  wagons  to  the  military  a 
poet,  52;  settlers  forbidden  to  n 
from  the,  68;  regulation  for  the  so 
strong  drink  at  the,  61 ;  the  settle 
warned  not  to  labor  in  the  fields  w 
a  guard,  63 ;  the  harvest  at,  much  li 
bv  the  August  storm,  60 ;  joumni  of 
Kregter's  vovage  from  the  Manhati 
the,  06;  ordinance  prohibiting  iiri 
guns  on  new  year's  aay  at  the,  97 ; 
Kregier  finally  sails  from  the,  98. 

Fssay.    (see  Pamphlet.) 

Eyres,  Major,  builds  fort  William  I 
625. 


il 


't    ,f.1     !■ 


,.  ,      )., 


Fales,  Capt.  KUphalet,  report  of  his  scout 

near  Lake  George,  283. 
Fall  of  the  leaf,  the  pleasant  season  in  the 

Prov.  ofN.  Y.,  176. 
Pish.  Rev.  Joseph,  318. 
Fishes  of  N.  Netherland,  4,  123. 
Fishklll,  a  branch  of  the  Delaware,  177. 
Flatbush  In  1675,  assessment  roll  of,  150; 

names  of  the  inhabitants  of,  in  1738,  183. 
Flatlands,  assessment  roll  of,  in  1675, 155; 

population  of,  in  1738,  186;  names  of  the 

inhabitants  of,  in  1738,  191. 
Fonda,  Lieut.  Jclles,  reports  the  meeting 

of  his  scouting  party,  267. 
Forbes,  Rev.  Mr.,  423. 


Fordham,  Rev.  Mr.,  of  Heemstede,  II 
Fort  Amsterdam,    6;    description   ol 

when  first  begun,  23. 

'  Craven,  burnt  by  Gen.  Webb, 
'  Edward,  dimensions  of,  524 ; 

of  Charlotte  county  to  be  holden  at 
^—^  Frederick,  a  party  sent  to  : 

noitre,  260. 
—— —  Good  IIopo,  6. 
Hunter,  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  intei 

defeat  t^e  'design    of  Hezekiah   < 

teaching  at,  367 ;  names  of  the  scho 

the  Mohawk  school  at,  416;  Rev. 

Andrews  m'ssionary  to,  606;  Rev. 

Btuart  missionary  to,  607. 


wotx. 


1127 


Mjrroi  .  Be».  Wn.,  2VI. 
liMit,  tho  town  of,  originall/  nttled  b; 
1)1  Lidiu,  ti6rt|  rabjecied  to  the  «utbo- 
tv  of  ih*  prBtt-ndtd  iil*i  of  Veiinont,  lb. 
oh,  the,  huoiane  trentui.'nt  of  the  In- 
ianaby,  10,  »(t<M:k  the  Indlmii  at  C«r- 
,etv  Hook  ami  ('•v"f)ia,  11,  1U3;  make 
ea<'t  ith  the  Indiana,  12;  lay  waite  the 
idtan  iilanlatlona  on  Lous  Inland,  14; 
ndan  expeililion  tgainxt  the  Indiana  dt 
'catcheateroo.,  ib. ;  two  aoore  of,  kilUii 
IT  the  Indiana  in  164.1,  22;  date  of  the 
■at  oooiing  to  N.  Nethrrland  of,  23; 
ifeat  the  Kaopua  Indiana  aud  riileam 
i«ir  chriatlan  captivca,  7:t;  («ee  Esuj,ul 
tdiam.)  aurronder  N.  Netkirland,  131. 

—  Provineea,  motta  of  the  United,  7. 

—  towna  on  Long  laland,   aaaviamect 
ilU  of  the  Ave,  13U. 

i^heai  CO.,  cenauaof,  in  17''8, 184;  oamei 
'  tlM  frMholdsn  of,  ia  1740,  205. 


nder  th*  Dntoh,  22;  rednce  17.  Nethtr- 
nd,  131. 

icopal  ohurchea  in  America,  Caao  of  the, 
tnaidered,  615. 

pua,  journal  of  the  second  \var  at,  thp, 
r;  particulars  of  the  massacre  of  thu 
ttlers  at  the,  39 ;  settlers  at  the,  rcfuM 
I  Bupplr  wagons  to  the  military  at  that 
Mt,  52;  settlers  forbidden  to  rcniove 
Dm  the,  68 ;  regulation  for  the  »alo  of 
rong  drink  at  the,  61 ;  the  settlers  of, 
irncd  not  to  labor  in  the  fields  vithuut 
guard,  03;  the  harvest  at,  much  injured 
'  the  August  storm,  60 ;  joumnl  of  Ca]>t. 
regier's  vovage  from  the  Manhatiuig  tu 
e,  00;  ordinance  prohibiting  firinj;  of 
ins  on  new  year's  day  at  tho,  97 ;  dipt. 
regicr  finally  sails  from  the,  98. 
.y.  (see  Pamphlet.) 
»,  Major,  builda  fort  William  Henry, 

lb. 


Iham,  Rev.  Mr.,  of  Hecmstede,  105. 

Amsterdam,    6;    description   of,  21; 
len  first  begun,  23. 

—  Craven,  burnt  by  Gen.  Webb,  625. 

—  Edward,  dimensions  of,  524 ;  courts 
Charlotte  county  to  be  holden  at,  845. 

—  Frederiuk,  a  party  sent  to  recon- 
itre,  260, 

—  Good  II(mo,  6. 

—  Hunter,  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  intends  to 
feat  the  'design  of  Hezekiah  Calvin 
aching  at,  367 ;  names  of  the  scholars  at 
e  Mohawk  school  at,  416;  Rev.  M'm. 
ndrews  missionary  to,  506;  Eev.  Jobs 
;uart  missionary  to,  607.  * 


Fort  Namaw,  5. 

■  Newport,  525. 

Orange,   5i   m   boat  belonging   Vl, 

plundored  by  the  Wapplngera,  12;  dc- 
aorltitlon  of,  in  164t,  23- 

8tanwix,  piip«r«  relating  to  the  erw- 

tlonof,  521. 

■  WlltiatD  Henry,  Uma  ooanpUd  in 
buihllnir,  525. 

WUilama,  526. 

Fowler,  David,  an  (ndiaa  teachar,  onlerfd 
to  itccoinpaQy  Maiapaon  Ocoom  Into  the 
Oneida  country,  306 ;  notice  of,  353 ;  In- 
troduce I  to  Sir  Win.  JohnwD,  350;  re- 
turns to  Lebanon,  365. 

-  Rev.  Jacob,   an  Indian  preacher, 

notice  of,  360. 

Rev.  .Joseph,  319. 

Franklin,  Benjamin,  draws  np  a  plan  in 
1754,  for  th«  union  of  tb«  N.  A.  Pror., 


1051 1  which  is  propoMd  by  Mr.  Galloway 

for  the  adoption  of  the  congress  of  1774, 

and  rojcoted,  1072. 
Franklin,  Gov.,  elected  a  member  of  the 

Soe.  for  Prop,  the  gospel,  403. 
FraMr,  Brig,  lien.,  a  notice  of,  1000. 
FrMkold,  Upper,  Rev.  David  Jones,  ptMtor 

of  the  Baptist  ohuroh  at,  483. 
Freeman,  Rev.  Mr.,  tranalatea  tho  Engllah 

liturgy,  Ac,  into  the  Mohawk  language, 

505. 
Freemaeona,  propoaed  meeting  of,  at  Juhna- 

town  alluded  to,  368. 
Fromin,  Rev.  Jaoquos,  303. 
French,  the,  aurrcndered  all  claim  to  the 

Five  Nationa  by  the  treaty  of  Utreoht, 

177;  foru  and  settlementa  In  and  near 

the  proviuoe  of  New  York,  belonging  tO| 

240. 
Fresh  river,  the,  8,  23. 


€^. 


Gage,  Gon.,  partloulan  of  the  intrigues  of 
the  N.  B.  misaionarles  at  the  treaty  of 
Fort  Stanwlx  communicated  to,  897;  do- 
oUnus  to  afforti  military  aid  to  pttt  down 
the  N.  11.  rioters,  885. 

Galne,  Hugh,  undertakes  to  complete  tiie 
printing  of  the  Indian  prayer-book,  384; 
blograiiliical  memoir  of,  385;  gives  fur- 
ther iufurmiUion  respecting  the  Indian 
prayer-book,  390;  completes  the  printing 
of  the  Indian  prayor-book,  406;  letter 
of,  to  Sir  Wra.  .lohnson,  411;  sends  in 
the  account  for  printing  the  Indian  prayer- 
book,  417. 

Galloway,  Mr.,  proposes  the  Albany  plan 
of  a  union  of  tho  colonies  drawn  up  in 
1754,  for  the  adoption  of  tho  congress  of 
1774,  1072. 

Gamier,  Hov.  Julien,  292. 

Oazotto,  the  N.  Y.,  327. 

Gcmonapa,  or  Communipa,  the  Indians  of, 
kill  two  Dutchmen,  92. 

Geneva,  antiently  Oanadesage,  368. 

George,  Lake,  extent  of  the  carrying  place 
between  tho  Hudson  river  and,  173;  jour- 
nals of  scouts  around  Lake  Chaqfiplaln 
and,  2.i9,  et  seq.;  proclamation  for  the 
settlement  of  tho  country  between  Fort 
EhvarJ  and,  55B. 

Gloeestcv  comity,  erected,  634;  civil  officers 
for,  8:i5;  military  officers  for,  recommend- 
ed, 638 ;  petition  to  the  kin?  from,  663 ; 
census  of,  708;  names  of  the  heads  of 
fiirailies  in,  709;  civil  officers  of,  768;  the 
inhabitants  of,  demand  that  their  town- 
ships bo  confirmed  by  N.  Y.,  821;  pro- 
posed with  Cnralwrland  to  form  a  new 
state,  922;  tho  inhabitants  of,  tuomitted 
to  the  .jurisJiotion  of  N.  Y.,  until  the 
commencement  of  tho  revolution,  927; 
record  of  the  or;;ani7,ation  of,  1033. 
God,  tho  Indians'  ideas  of,  130. 
Oodvn,  Saiiuicl.  sails  to  New  Netheriand, 
115. 


Gold  mines  of  N.  Netheriand,  lt7> 

Good  Hope,  fort,  5. 

Uonlon,  Rev.  Anthony,  294. 

Goshen,  population  of,  in  1738,  16S. 

Grain  raised  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  wiety 
of.  174. 

Grameruy  park,  N.  Y.,  supposed  origin  of 
the  noinc,  1077. 

Grandvil,  submission  of  the  people  of,  to  th« 
state  of  New  York,  1009. 

Graves,  Kev.  John,  486. 

,  Rev.  Mottheir,  807,  319;  congratu- 
lates Sir  Wm.  Johnson  on  the  settlement 
of  tho  Rev.  Mr.  Moselcy  at  Johnstown, 
485;  biographical  notice  of,  486. 

Gravescnd,  population  of,  in  1738,  180; 
names  of  the  inhabitanfjf  of,  in  1738,  193. 
(see  Moody,  Sir  Henry.) 

Green,  Capt.,  observations  of,  on  a  plan  of  a 
fort  to  be  built  at  the  Oneida  carrying 
place,  621 ;  ordered  to  Albany,  624. 

Greenland,    history  of,    by  David   Cranj, 

Green  mountain  boys,  Robert  Cochran,  cap- 
tain of  the,  907,  909;  forts  Ticondoroga 
and  Crown  Point  seized  by  the,  919; 
formed  into  a  batallion  by  the  New  York 
Prov.  congress,  020;  extend  the  spirit 
of  disaffection  to  N.  Y.,  and  excite  nmong 
the  people  of  the  N.  II.  Rrauts  a  spirit  of 
total  independence,  927.  (see  Allen, 
Efhan;  N.  H.  Grants.) 

Griffith,  Rev.  David,  minister  of  Olocester, 
N.  J.,  biog.  memoir  of,  440;  bishop  elect 
of  Virginia,  615. 

Grout,  Jno.,  petition  conipliUMin;»  of  n  vio- 
lent assault  committed  on,  CM ;  affidavit 
of,  637. 

Gueslis,  Rev.  Frs   Viiillant  ile,  201?. 

Guilford,  tho  inha>)itants  of  the  town_  ot, 
apply  for  a  patent  under  Xiw  York,  "cji; 
names  of  th-.  inh.ahitarts  of.  7^1. 

Guns,  sold  by  the  English  and  Dntuh  to  tho 
Indians,  7. 


ff 


i 


'it 


1128 


.T3; ;. 


INDEX. 


»•    tl'MlMj 


H. 


'p' 


1  « 


•^  ♦»' 


1  iti 


«    * 


51-4.   V 


Iliickingiofik,  othenrise  called  Achterool,  9; 
tlie  indians  of,  send  intelliicence  to  those 
of  Eaopus,  48;  some  of  tne  Indians  of, 
Bcrvo  with  the  Dutch  against  those  of 
Eeopus,  81. 

Iluckquiiisucks,  the,  102< 

liaUliiiinnd,  Ochu  objects  to  furnish  tnwps 
to  aid  the  civil  authority  in  the  Prov.  of 
N.  Y.,  84*. 

Half  Moon,  Hudson  sails  in  the  yacht,  the, 
115. 

Ilall,  Ralph  and  Mary,  trial  of,  at  N.  York 
for  witchcraft,  133. 

,  Rev.  Mr.,  429,  438;  declines  going 

to  Cani^oharie,  482. 

Ilanna,  Rev.  Wm.,  settles  os  a  lawyer  at 
Schenectady,  373 ;  biographical  notice  of, 
374 ;  desires  to  conform  to  the  church  of 
England,  446 ;  testimonials  of,  447 ;  moral 
character  of,  451;  is  admitted  to  holy 
orders  in  the  Ch.  of  England,  474 ;  repairs 
to  Virginia  in  search  of  a  living,  496. 

Hardy,  Gov.  resigns,  1053. 

Harrison,  Catherine,  complaint  against  for 
bein^awitch,  136;  discharged,  138. 

Hartwick,  Rev.  J.  C,  project  of,  for  the 
-     better   peopling    and    defending   North 
.     America,   294;   address  of,   to  the   Mo- 
hawks- 2U6;  address  to  the  king  proposed 
to  the  Mohawks  by,  in  his  own  favor,  298. 

Harvest,  the,  when  it  begins  in  the  Prov. 
ofN.  y.,  176. 

Haverstnvw,  population  of,  in  173S,  185. 

Hftwicy,  Jchii^l,  and  James  Brockenridge 
sent  to  London  as  agents  for  the  people  on 
the  N.  U.  gmnts,  8l)2. 

Hoathcote,  Caleb,  notice  of,  1039. 

Hebron,  Rev.  Mr.  Peters  missionary  of, 
636. 

Hemp,  can  be  produced  in  the  Prov.  of  N. 
York,  174;  culture  of,  encouraged,  595. 

Hempstead,  L.  I.,  tlic  Indians  of,  attacked 
by  the  Dutch,  1 5 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Fordham  of, 
105;  Indians  of,  attacked,  ib.  (see  Uti- 
derhill.)  ,  .,        . 


Hendriokwn,  Jan,  mutinies  at  the  £ 

66;  pardoned,  57. 
Hieroglyphics,  some  Indian,  explained 
Hishest  land  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y. 

sive  of  the  mountains,  172. 
Highlands,  names  of  those  composir 

militia  of  the,  237. 
Hillsborough,   Lord,   Gov.   Moore  inl 

that  he  still  refuses  to  grant  any  lai 

the  west  side  of  Connecticut  river 

(see    C'oldea,    Lt.    Gov, ;    Duni 

Tryon.) 
Hind,   Rev.   Richard,   biographical 

of  the,  501. 
Hogelandcrs,  the,  102. 
Holland,  places  in,  whose  inhabitan 

best  adapted  for  emigrants,  34. 
Horses,  price  of,  in  N.  Netherland,  3 

N.  England,  33;  whence  imported, 
Hosick,  sundry  tenants  on  the  patci 

ejected  by  persons  from  New  Uamp 

675.' 
Hough,  Rev.  Benj'n,  a  justice  of  the  j 

most  cruelly  whipped  by  the  Benni 

mob,  891,  et  acq-;  a  certificate  gi 

to,  of  his  having  received  such  pi 

ment,  897;  petitions  the  Gov.  of  ] 

for  relief,  916. 
Hubbard,  Rev.  Bela,  614. 
Hudson,  Henry,  the  first  discoverer  of 

Netherland,  115;  description  of  his  v 

up  the  North  river,  123;  is  entcrt 

by  the  Indians,  ib. 
river,  3 ;  head  waters  of  the, 

convenience  of  the,   173;    the  Mo 

called  the  west  branch  of  the,  ib. ;  r 

of  the  soil  adjoining    the,    174;   i 

annually,  175. 
Hunt,   Capt.   Samuel,  report  of  his 

near  Lake  George,  265. 
Huntington,  the  countess  of,  expresses 

interest  in  Dr.  Whedock's  school, 

memoir  of,  ib. 
Hurley,  names  of  those  belonging  tc 

militia  of,  in  173d,  234. 


1. 


W' 


Imbrooh,  Mde  van,  taken  prisoner  by  the 
Indians  at  Rsopus,  43 ;  escapes,  49. 

Immigrants,  proper  time  for,  to  sail  to  New 
Netherland,  30;  rules  to  be  followed  by. 
In  clearing  land,  ib. ;  and  in  building 
houses,  31;  supplies  necessary  for,  .S3; 
classes  of  persons  best  qualified  to  be,  34. 

Independency  declared  by  the  New  Hamp- 
•hire  grants,  930. 

Indian  fort,  description  of  an,  in  the  Esopus 
BOuntry,  4S,  49,  73;  words  introduced 
Into  the  Dntch  vocabulary,  63,  83,  101, 
106 ;  affairs,  secretary  for,  how  appointed, 
181;  answers  of  the  commissioners  of,  to 
fuericB  submitted  to  them,  240. 


Indians,  brief  account  of  the  Molinw 
of  N.  Netherland,  peraonal  appearanc 
dress  of  the,  4 ;  polity  of,  5 ;  treate( 
too  much  familiarity  by  the  Dutcl 
the  Dutch  resolve  on  war  against  th 
accused  of  conspiring  against  di 
Kieft,  ib. ;  of  Witqucscheok  attaoki 
the  Mahicandcrs,  take  refuge  amor 
Dutch,  10;  refuse  satisfaction  for  nn 
which  thoy  connnittcd,  ib. ;  director 
urged  to  attack  the,  ib. ;  at  Co 
Hook  and  Pavonia  attacked  by  the  P 
11;  urged  to  nias.snerc  tlic  chris 
12;  peace  concluded  betwoon  the  ] 
and  the,  lb. ;  attack  the  Dutch  at 


.U 


I" ' 


IKDEX. 


11S9 


driokseii,  Jon,  mutinies  at  the  Eropiic 
5  pardoned,  67. 

ogfyphics,  some  Indian,  explained,  4.";^ 
lest  land  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  exclu- 
e  of  the  mountains,  172. 
ilands,  names  of  those  composing  the 
litia  of  the,  237. 

thorough.  Lord,  Got.  Moore  inform*, 
at  he  still  refuses  to  grant  any  lands  on 
e  west  side  of  Conneciicut  river,  fill 
ee    Colden,    Lt.    Goo. ;    Dunmore  • 
ym.) 

I,   Rev.   Biohard,   biographical  notice 

the,  501. 

slanders,  the,  102. 

And,  places  in,  whose  inhabitants  are 

St  adapted  for  emigrants,  34. 

es,  price  of,  in  N.  Netherland,  32;  in 

England,  33;  whence  imported,  118. 
ek,  sundry  tenants  on  the  patent  of, 
cted  by  persons  from  New  Hampshire, 
5.'  '^       ' 

jh.  Rev.  Benj'n,  a  justice  of  the  pence, 
)St  cruelly  whipped  by  the  Bennington 
)b,  891,  et  seq.',  a  certificate  granted 

of  bis  having  received  such  puiibh- 
mt,  897;  petitions  the  Gov.  of  N.  Y. 
■relief,  916. 
bard.  Rev.  Bela,  614. 
ion,  Henry,  the  firat  discoverer  of  New 
itherland,  115;  description  of  his  voyage 

the  North  river,  123;  is  entertained 
the  Indians,  ib. 

—  river,  3;  head  waters  of  the,  172; 
ivenience  of  the,  173;  the  Mohawk 
lied  the  west  branch  of  the,  ib. ;  ni\tuie 

the  soil  adjoining  the,  174;  frozen 
nually,  175. 

;,   Capt.   Samuel,  report  of  his  scout 
tr  Lake  George,  265. 
ington,  the  countess  of,  expresses  niudi 
orest  in  Dr.  Wheelock's  school,  361; 
moir  of,  ib. 

sy,  names  of  thostj  belonging  to  the 
itia  of,  in  173S,  234. 


ns,  brief  account  of  the  Mohnwk,  2, 

'J.  Netherland,  penional  appearnncc  nnij 

58  of  the,  4;  polity  of,  5;  treated  with 

much  familiarity  by  the  Dutch,  7; 

Dutch  reselve  on  war  agninst  the,  1); 

used    of    conspiring   against   director 

ft,  ib. ;  of  AVitquoscheok  attacked  by 

Mahicandcrs,  take  refuge  nmnns;  the 

Ich,  10;  refuse  satisfaction  for  niimlers 

ch  they  committed,  ib. ;  dirccttir  Kioft 

cd   to  attack    the,   ih. ;    nt    Corlaors 

)k  and  Pavonia  attacked  by  the  Dutch, 

urged   to    ujaasnero    the    christians, 

peace  concluded   lictwocn  the  Dutch 

the,  ib. ;  attack  the  Dutcli  at  I»aTO- 


nia,  13;  to  the  northeast  of  ManhattAns 
attacked  by  the  Dutch,  14, 15 ;  operations 
against  the  Long  Island  ib.,  10;  opera'' 
tions  against  the  Westchester,  ib. ;  de- 
scription of  an  attack  on  the  Westchester, 
ib. ;  a  number  of  christians  killed  in 
1643,  by  the,  22;  numbers  of  the,  de- 
stroyed in  the  war  with  the  Dutch,  24; 
names  of  the  several  tribes  of,  near  Fort 
Orange,  ib.,  massacre  the  christians  at 
the  Esopus,  39 ;  attack  a  party  of  soldiers 
near  Rondbat,  41 ;  of  Esopus,  parley  with 
the  Dutch  at  Wildwyck,  45;  retire  east 
of  Magdalen  Island,  46;  skirmish  be- 
tween the  Dutch  and  the  Esopus,  and  the 
latter  defeated  at  Red  Hook,  47;  and 
plundered,  48;  of  Sagers  Kill  friendly  to 
the  Dutch,  ib. ;  of  Ilackinsack  send  intel- 
ligence to  the  Esopus,  ib. ;  of  Esopus  de- 
clare their  willingness  to  surrender  all  the 
christian  prisoners,  on  condition  of  obtain- 
ing payment  for  their  land,  50;  (see 
Mohawks;)  reported  to  have  fled  to  the 
mountains,  51 ;  refuse  to  neirotiate  except 
with  Renslaer  and  Corlaei,  53;  an  expe- 
dition sets  out  against  the  Esopus,  ib. ; 
captures  their  fort,  and  lays  waste  their 
plantation,  54,  55;  the  Dutch  threatened 
by  the  Esopus,  56;  large  quantities  of 
com  belonging  to  the  Esopus,  destroyed, 
67;  location  of  the  fort  belonging  to  the 
Esopus,  ib. ;  of  Penobscot,  kill  some  Mo- 
hawks and  Mohegans;  60 ;  a  new  attack 
on  the  Esopus,  ordered,  69;  Capt.  Krener 
proceeds  again  to  attack  the  Esopus,  70 ; 
the  Esopus,  again  defeated,  71 ;  another 
expedition  against  the  Esopus,  80 ;  their 
fort  destroyed,  81;  five  tribes  of  River, 
meet  behind  Claverock,  84,  85;  a  truce 
concluded  with  the  Esopus,  89;  (see 
Esopus;)  refuse  to  pay  the  Dutch  tri- 
bute, 1 01 ;  a  christian  killed  by  one  of 
the,  102 ;  the  Merekewooks  or  Brooklyn, 
102;  some  of  the,  massacred  by  the 
Dutch,  103;  retaliate,  104;. the  Hudson 
river,  115;  of  N.  Netherland,  manners  and 
customs  of  the,  118;  appearance  and  food 
of  the,  124;  clothing  of,  125;  houses  of 
the,  ib. ;  forts  of,  126;  marriage  and 
other  customs  of  the,  127,  et  seq-;  lan- 
guage of  the,  128;  belief  regarding  the 
soul  entertained  by,  130 ;  the  French  sur- 
render all  claim  to  the  Five  Nations  of, 
177;  number  of  fighting  men  belonging 
to  the  New  York,  in  17.38,240;  number 
of  Canada,  capable  of  bearing  arms,  ib. ; 
papers  relating  to  the  civilization  of  the 
Six  Nations  of,  289;  early  missionaries 
amonj?  the  Iroquois,  1291;  the  Scotch 
ocmmissioners  near  Bost<m  make  arrange- 
ments for  the  education  of  children  of  the, 


305 ;  the  Scotch  ooramisBioners  at  Boston 
propose  setting  up  English  schools  among 
the,  314;  averse  to  the  proposed  N.  Kng. 
settlement  on  the  Susquenannah  river, 
321;  Rev.  Mr.  Kirtlands  exporlone« 
among  the  S'eneoa,  358;  addrcu  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Wheelock  to  the  Mohawk  and 
other,  359;  Rev.  Mr.  Wheelock  writes  to 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  in  favor  of  the  Narra- 
gansett,  360;  Rev.  Messrs.  Johnson  and 
Avery  petition  the  commissionora  at  Fort 
Stanwix  to  prevent  the  alienation  of  tha 
lands  of  the,  390;  numerical  stnMigth  in 
1770  of  the  Six  Nations  of,  42rt;  Dr. 
Wheelook  unsuccessful  in  his  ofl'ortfl  to 
introduce  the  arts  among  the,  ib. ;  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson's  letter  on  the  customs, 
manners  and  languages  of  the,  430 ;  flym" 
hols  in  use  by  the  Iroquois,  432 ;  stiohenis, 
how  chosen,  433;  rarely  guilty  of  theft, 
434;  the  axe  an  emblem  of  war  amongst 
the,  437;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  views  of 
Rev.  Mr.  Inglis'  plan  for  ohriatianiilng 
the,  453,  465 ;  Col.  lienry  Babcock  pro- 
poses establishing  an  Episcopal  seniinarr 
among  the  Six  Nations  of,  487 ;  notice  of 
the  early  attempts  to  ohristianiiie  the,  506 ; 
difficulties  of  imparting  elementary  in- 
struction to  the,  previous  to  the  revolu- 
tion, 5(18. 

Inglis,  Rev.  Charles,  professor  in  King's 
Coll.  N.  Y.,  413;  visits  Sir  Wm.  John- 
son,  425,  426 ;  Sir  Wm  Johnson  commu- 
nicates various  information  regarding 
the  Indians  to,  427;  Sir  Wm.  Joiinaoh 
complains  to,  of  the  indifTerenoo  of  men 
of  rank  generally  to  matters  of  religion, 
441 ;  heads  of  arguments  in  favor  of 
christianizing  the  Indians  suggCKtcd  to, 
443 ;  notice  of  the  memorial  of,  for  chris- 
tianizing the  Indians,  453,  457 ;  commu- 
nicates his  memorial  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson, 
462;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  opinion  thereon, 
465;  completes  his  memorial,  407;  sub- 
mits it  to  Gov.  Tryon,  468;  moves  to 
King's  college,  469;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson 
suggests  a  mode  whereby  provision  oould 
be  made  for  a  female  relative  of  the,  472> 

Inland  navigation  feasible  between  the  Prov. 
of  N.  Y.  and  the  bay  of  Mexico,  17.H. 

Instructions  to  Lieut.  Couwcnhoven  In  his 
negotiation  with  the  Indiansi  66;  of  the 
legislature  of  N.  Y.  to  its  dologatcs  in 
congress  relative  to  tbo  disorders  prevail- 
ing in  the  N.  E.  parts  of  the  state,  !W7. 

Internal  water  oomniunieationx  of  the  Prov. 
of  N.  York,  Cadwalladet  Colden ■sdesurip- 
tion  of  the,  173. 

Iron  ore  abundant  in  the  Prov.  of  New 
York,  174. 

Iroquois,    (see  Indians.)  .,    , 


II- 


i  i 


if' 


■m 


!•  ■.'U       * 


.a   .-i..^ 


1130 


IKDEX. 


f - 


(   ■      ' 


'S.y 


J. 


Jay,  Ch.  Jutice,  elected  to  congress  for  the 
special  purpose  of  snpporting  the  ri^rtits 
of  New  York,  in  the  dispute  with  N.  H., 
964;  letters  to,  966,  907. 

Jesuits,  a  list  of  the,  missionaries  among  the 
Iroquois,  291;  accused  of  corrupting  the 
antient  customs  of  the  Indians,  431.  (see 
Robaud.) 

Jewett,  Rev.  David,  310. 

Jogues,  Rev.  Isaac,  description  of  N.  Neth- 
erland  by,  19;  memoir  of  the,  20;  men- 
tioned, 291. 

Johnson,  Edward,  gires  an  account  of  the 
Indian  school  ct  Tuscarora,  310. 

— —  Rev.  Jacob  W.,  missionary  to  the 
Oneidas,  assists  at  the  treaty  of  Fort 
Stanwix,  391 ;  defines  his  ideas  of  allegi- 
ance, 392 ;  objects  to  the  Indians  coming 
armed  to  Fort  Stanwix,  393;  petitions 
the  commissioners  that  the  Indians  may 
not  be  scattered  by  the  sale  of  their  lands 
80  as  to  prevent  the  propagation  of  the 
f^spel  among  them,  394;  speech  of,  to 
ihe  Six  Nations,  395. 

,  Rev.  Joseph,  an  Indian  preacher. 


notice  of,  366. 

,  Rev.  Samuel,  letter  to  the, 
on  the  propriety  of  Mr.  Bennett  pro- 
ceeding as  catechist  to  the  Mohawks, 
832. 
— — ,  Sir  William,  journals  of  the  scouts  of, 
257;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hartwiok  communicates 
a  project  for  peopling,  governing  and  de- 
fending the  limits  of  N.  America  to,  294; 
Bev.  Mr.  Ogilvie  submits  some  opinions  on 
the  state  of  public  atTairs  to,  301 ;  visits 
'Canada,  letter  of,  to  Rev.  Father  Rou- 
banlt,  303;  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  apologises 
to,  for  ^eing  unable  to  visit  Fort  Hunter, 
804;  expresses  a  favorable  opinion  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock's  efforts  to  educate  the 
Indians,  305;  and  sends  him  some  Mo- 
hawk children,  306;  Rev.  Mr.  Oel  ex- 
fresses  his  alarm  at  the  introduction  of 
'resbyterian  missionaries  among  the  In- 
dians, to,  307 ;  informs  Rev.  Mr.  Barclay 
of  his  inability  to  aid  Mr.  Bcnnet,  309 ; 
the  Tuscarora  teacher  reports  the  state 
of  religion  and  edtioat>n  in  his  district 
to,  310;  Rev.  Dr.  Whee.ock  consults,  on 
the  propriety  of  removing  his  Indian 
school  to  the  Mohawk  country,  313;  re- 

?[uests  him  to  engage  Gov.  Bernard  in 
avor  of  the  Lebanon  school,  314;  and 
renews  his  proposal  to  establish  it  on  the 
Susquehanna  river,  315  ;  Rev.  Dr. 
Pomroy  writes  to,  in  favor  of  Dr. 
Wheelock's  school,  316;  expresses  his 
high  opinion  of  Dr.  W.'s  qualifications, 
320;  disapproves  of  the  proposal  of  the 
Scotch  commissioners  to  erect  English 
schools  among  the  Indians,  ib. ;  and  of  the 
projected  settlement  from  N.  Erg  ,  on 
the  Susquehanna  river,  321 ;  engages  the 
Bar.    Dr.    Barclay  to   superintend   the 


IMrinting  of  a  new  edition  of  the  ] 
prayer-book,  321,  330;  Rev.  Mr. 
submits  his  desire  to  go  on  an 
among  the  Mohawks  to,  325;  Re' 
Wheelook  explains  to,  why  he  d 
Joseph  Brant,  331;  is  treating  f( 
farm  of  Rev.  Dr.  Barclay  as  a  glc 
an  Indian  missionary,  333;  I) 
Lappius  applies  for  some  necessari 
33d';  Rev.  Father  Roubault  com 
cates  his  views  as  to  the  necessity  i 
English  rJBtaining  Canada  to,  336 
Indian  teacher  at.  Canajoharie 
about  his  school  to,  339;  Weymai 
printer,  advises,  of  the  death  of  Dr. 
clay,  and  of  the  necessity  of  some 
pe^on  being  entrusted  with  the  sni 
tendence  of  the  Indian  prayer  book 
Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  acquaints,  of  th 
posed  mission  of  Oooom  and  Kirtle 
the  Indian  country,  341 ;  Weymai 
gests  Capt.  Claus  as  a  proper  pen 
superintend  the  printing  of  the  prr 
Indian  prayer-book,  to,  343 ;  the  s 
for  the  promotion  of  arts  invites,  i 
come  a  member,  344;  presents  £10 
association,  346 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  inf 
of  his  intended  visit  to  the  Mohooks; 
gives  the  society  for  the  promotion  o 
an  account  of  the  progress  of  agric 
in  the  Mohawk  valley,  348;  Rev 
Wheelock  advises  him  of  his  intent: 
send  additional  teachers  and  missio 
among  the  Six  Nations,  350;  am 
Occom  is  about  to  proceed  to 
land,  357;  Rev.  Mr.  Kirtland  r 
the  progress  of  his  mission  at  Ca 
sage  to,  358;  the  Connecticut  boa 
missions  express  their  acknowlcdg 
to,  for  his  favorable  recommendati 
Dr.  AVheelock's  school,  360;  consei 
be  a  men)ber  of  the  Soc.  for  Prof 
gospel,  361 ;  is  invited  to  become  a 
tee  of  the  Episcopal  church  at  Schci 
dy,  362 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Kirtland  sends  fi 
information  from  Canandcsage  to, 
Weyman  proposes  Dr.  Ogilvie  to  su] 
tend  the  completion  of  the  Inclinn  pi 
book,  to,  36*;  Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock 
consults,  as  to  the  best  site  fo 
Indian  school,  SB.");  Rev.  Mr.  I 
acquaints,  of  his  intended  visit,  3fi8 ; 
Mr.  Chamberlain  apologises  to,  for 
remarks  he  had  inadvertently  mndc, 
Rev.  Mr.  Hanna  proposes  scttlir 
Schenectady  and  solicits  the  frier 
of,  373 ;  the  Moravians  solioit  the  pi 
tion  of,  374;  the  Soc.  for  Prop,  tho 
pel  request  his  opinion  as  to  a  ] 
allowance  for  a  mispinnnry  to  the  Iin 
376;  Rev.  Mr.  fiarton  nilvi?cs.  o 
disturbed  st.atc  of  the  frontier  .scttlci 
of  Penn.,  381;  the  churohwnrdrti 
Schenectady  request,  to  procure  a  pi 
man  for  their  church,  383 ;  Hugh  < 


INDEX. 


U31 


inting  of  a  new  edition  of  the  Indian 
ayer-book,  321,  330;  Rev.  Mr.  Smith 
bmitfl  his  desire  to  go  on    a  mission 
Dong  the  Mohawks  to,  325 ;  Rev.  Dr. 
heelock  explains  to,   why  he  detains 
weph  Brant,  331 ;    is  treating  for  tiic 
rm  of  Rev.  Dr.  Barclay  as  a  glebe  for 
I    Indian     missionary,    333;     Domine 
ippiuB  applies  for  some  necessaries  to, 
Id';   Rev.    Father  Roubault  communi- 
tes  his  views  as  to  the  necessity  of  the 
aglish  retaining  Canada  to,   ^36;  the 
idian    teacher    at.  Canajoharie    writes 
)ont  his  school  to,  339;  Weyman,  the 
inter,  advises,  of  the  death  of  Dr.  Bar- 
ay,  and  of  the  necessity  of  some  other 
ijeoa  being  entrusted  with  the  snperin- 
ndence  of  the  Indian  prayer  book,  340; 
ev.  Dr.  Wheelock  acquaints,  of  the  pro. 
sed  mission  of  Occom  and  Kirtland  t« 
e  Indian  country,  341;  Weyman  sng- 
ists  Capt.  Glaus  as  a  proper  person  to 
perintend  the  printing  of  the  proposed 
dian  prayer-book,  to,  343 ;  the  society 
r  the  promotion  of  arts  invites,  to  be- 
me  a  member,  344;  presents  £10  to  the 
mciation,  .S46 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  informs, 
his  intended  visit  to  the  Mohooks,  34?; 
res  the  society  for  the  promotion  of  arti 
I  account  of  the  progress  of  agriculture 
the  Mohawk  valley,  348;  Rev.  Tr. 
heelock  advises  him  of  his  intention  to 
nd  additional  teachers  and  misgionarie,< 
nong  the  Six  Nations,   350;  and  that 
fcom    is  about    to    proceed    to    T.ng- 
nd,   357;    Rev.   Mr.    Kirtland  reports 
e  progress  of  his  mission  at  Canede- 
ge  to,  358 ;   the  Connecticut  board  of 
issions  express  their  acknowledgments 
,  for  his  favorable  recommendation  of 
r.  AVheelock's  school,  360 ;  consents  to 
a  inentber  of  the  Soc.  for  Prop,  the 
spel,  3fil ;  is  invited  to  become  a  tnis- 
B  of  the  Episcopal  church  at  Schorcotn- 
,  362;  Rev.  Mr.  Kirtland  sends  further 
formation    from   Canandesage  to,  362; 
eyman  proposes  Dr.  Ogilvie  to  snpcrin- 
nd  the  completion  of  the  Indian  prn.ver- 
ok,  to,  364';  Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  nsrnin 
nsnlts,     08   to    the    best    site  for   hi? 
dian    school,    365;  Rev.    Mr.     Frown 
:iuaint8,  of  his  intended  visit,  368 ;  Rev. 
r.  Chamberlain  apologises  to,  for  some 
narks  he  had  inadvertently  made,  S71 ; 
)v.    Mr.    Hanna    proposes    settlinj;   in 
hencotady  and    solicits   the   friendship 
373;  the  Moravians  solicit  the  protcc- 
n  of,  374;  the  Soc.  for  Prop,  the  gns- 
1   request  his  opinion   as   to  a  j  roper 
owanoe  for  a  missionary  to  the  Iiidliins, 
6;  Rev.    Mr,    Rartbn 'ndviFc.i.    of  the 
iturbed  state  of  the  frontier  pet tUnirrt? 
Penn.,    381 ;    the   ohnrehwtwdms   of 
henectady  request,  to  procure  a  rluriry- 
m  for  their  church,  383 ;  Hugh  Gaine 


acquaints,  of  the  condition  Weyman  left 
the  Indian  prayer-book  in,  38 1 ;  demands 
Gaines'  terms  to  complete  that  work,  386 ; 
these  terms  communicated  to,  387;  Rev. 
Dr.  Wheelock  requests  that  his  design  of 
sending  missionaries  and  teachers  among 
the  Indians  may  be  recommended  by, 
388;  Rev.  Jacob  Johnson  explains  the 
cause  of  his  absence  at  the  congress  at  Fort 
Stanwix,  to,  391;  also  defines  his  ideas 
of  his  allegiance,  302;  complains  to,  of 
the  Indians  coming  armed  to  the  congress, 
393 ;  and  asks,  that  a  door  may  be  kept 
open  for  Dr.  Wheelock  s  missionaries, 
394 ;  Hugh  Qaine  reports  the  progress  of 
the  Indian  prayer-book,  to,  396;  Gen. 
Gage  advised  of  the  intrigues  of  the  N. 
E.  missionaries  at  Fort  Stanwix,  by,  397 ; 
Dr.  Shuckburgh  writes  respecting  the 
Indian  prayer-book,  to,  393;  introduces 
Mr.  James  Adair  to  Gen.  Gage,  400; 
thanks  Rev.  Provost  Smith  for  having 
him  elected  a  member  of  the  philosophical 
society,  402;  is  inforrjed  by  Mr.  Chew 
of  the  movements  in  C  tnneoticut  respect- 
ing the  Susquehanna  lands,  ib. ;  commu- 
nicates to  Dr.  Auchmuty  his  opinion  about 
the  late  election,  404;  Hugh  Gaine  ad- 
vises, that  the  Indian  prayer-book  is 
eompleted,  405;  the  churchwardens  of 
Schenectady  inform,  that  they  are  disap- 
pointed in  obtaining  a  clergyman,  ib. ; 
Rev.  H.  Munro  advises,  of  his  proposed 
visit  to  the  Mohawk  Indians,  409;  Mr. 
Adair  reports  his  progress  in  obtaining 
subscribers  to  his  work,  to,  412,  413;  is 
patronized  by,  and  family,  415;  Hugh 
Gaines  sends  the  Indian  prayer-book  to, 
417;  Mr.  Adair  requests  letters  to  Lord 
Hillsboro'  from,  418 ;  Col.  Croghan  intro- 
duces Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  to,  419;  Rev. 
Mr.  Andrews  suggests  to,  that  Episcopal 
clergymen  from  Ireland  be  invited  to 
settle  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  421;  and 
acquaints,  with  his  intended  voyage  to 
Europe ;  423 ;  Rev.  Dr.  Auchmuty  intro- 
duces Rev.  Mr.  Forbes  to,  ib. ;  the  thanks 
of  the  N.  Y.  Episcopal  convention  voted 
to,  for  his  exertions  in  favor  of  the  church 
of  Eng.  in  America,  425;  returns  his 
acknowledgments  therefor,  426;  commu- 
nicates to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  the  num- 
bers of  the  Six  Nations  capable  of  bearing 
arms,  427;  thinks  the  Indians  not  fitted 
to  cultivate  the  arts,  428 ;  gives  Dr.  Lee 
an  account  of  the  manners,  customs  and 
languages  of  the  Indians,  430;  builds  a 
church  at  Canajoharie.  438;  gives  his 
views  on  the  opposition  of  the  dissenters 
to  the  established  church,  442;  commu- 
nicates to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  his  ideas 
relative  to  the  memorial  prepared  by  that 
gentleman  on  the  subject  of  christianizing 
th"  Indians,  443 ;  informs  him,  also,  of  the 
intention  of  the  Lutlieran  minister  at 
Stoneirabia  to  conform  to  the  Episcopal 
ohuvoh,  44 1;  acquaints  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Auchmuty  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hanna,  a 
Presbyterian  minister,  wishes  to  join  the 


established  church,  446;  Dr.  Auchmuty 
gives  his  views  of  these  clergymen  to, 
449;  Rev.  Mr.  Munro  reports  the  state 
of  the  church  at  Albany  to,  452,  484;  en- 
ters more  fully  on  the  subject  of  Mr. 
Inglis  plan  fur  christianizing  the  Indians, 
453;  writes,  again,  to  Dr.  Auchmuty 
relative  to  the  proposal  of  the  Stonuarabia 
minister,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hanna  to 
join  the  church  of  England,  455;  bishop 
Lowtli,  in  his  sermon  before  the  Soc.  for 
Prop,  the  gospel,  compliments,  457 ;  calls 
on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Kirtland  for  a  copy  of  a 
resolution  pasiied  by  the  Boston  board  of 
missions,  460;  promises  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Inglis  a  map  of  the  Indian  country,  462; 
Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  points  out  to,  an  availa- 
ble fund  for  the  support  of  his  plan  for 
christianizing  ,  the  Indians  462 ;  disap- 
proves of  admitting  husbandmen  or  me- 
chanics among  the  Indians  as  settlers, 
466 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  informs  him  that 
he  has  opened  a  grammar  school  in  Schen- 
ectady, ib. ;  Rev.  Mr.  In^lin  communi- 
cates his  further  progress  with  the  memo- 
rial on  the  subject  of  christiunizing  the 
Indians  to,  and  adopts  his  s  biggest  ions, 
467;  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  informs,  that  he 
has  converted  his  grammar  school  into  an 
academy,  470;  expects  a  clergyman  to 
officiate  at  the  Johnstown  church,  475; 
Rev.  Mr.  Hanna  informs,  that  he  has 
received  holy  orders  in  the  English 
church,  476;  acquaints  Dr.  Burton  that 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Mosely  is  about  to  take 
charge  of  the  Johnstown  mist-ion;  481; 
rebuilds  the  church  at  that  pliice,  482; 
Rev.  Mr^  Graves  communicat<s  to,  the 
particulars  of  some  difficulties  about  land 
given  by  the  Narragansett  Indians  to  the 
Soc.  for  Prop,  the  gospel,  486;  Col.  Bab- 
cock  passes  a  high  eulogium  on,  487; 
spends  the  summer  of  1773  on  Long 
Island,  488;  Rev.  Mr.  Andrev.'i  informs, 
of  his  intention  to  retire  from  S>cheneeta- 
dy,  493;  of  his  prospects  in  Virginia, 
495 ;  and  of  his  desire  to  take  charge  of 
the  church  at  Johnstown,  4C7;  thinks 
unfavorably  of  Col.  Babcock's  proposed 
Indian  academy,  497;  reportii  the  state 
of  the  missions  in  his  neighborhood  to  the 
Soc.  for  Prop,  the  gospel,  600 ;  the  church- 
wardens of  Schenectady  complain  to,,  of 
the  lukewarmness  they  experience  from 
the  clergy  of  N.  York,  502;  encourages 
them,  5(i3;  Rev.  Mr.  Moscley  expresses 
his  gratitude  to,  504;  unites  with  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  in  urging  on  the  Soc.  for 
Prop,  the  gospel  the  necessity  of  having 
church  of  England  missionaries  among 
the  Indians,  506 ;  letter  of  the  Connecti- 
cut clergy  to,  in  favor  of  Partridge 
Thatcher,  614. 
Johnstown,  list  of  scholars  attending  the 
free  school  at,  "416;  the  church  at,  un- 
snpplied  with  a  minister,  439 ;,  Rev.  Mr. 
Andrews  offers  to  preach  occasionally  at, 
471,  480;  some  suggestions  respecting  the 
ohoich  and   school  of,  473;    Rev.   Mr. 


k 


^f 


if  J    i 


i- 


1132 


INDEX. 


Mosely  engaged  as  minister  of  the  Epig- 
oopal  ohuroh  at,  481 ;  the  church  at,  re- 
built, and  the  gohool  of,  prospers,  442; 
Mr.  Andrews  applies  for  the  church  at, 
496 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Mosely  resigns  the  living 
of,  600. 

Jonathan,  Philip,  Indian  schoolmaster  at 
Canojobarie,  3:i9. 

Jones,  Rev.  David,  Baptist  minister  of 
Freehold,  N.  J.,  letters  of  ordination  of 


the,  482 1  sent  on  a  mission  to  the  Indi 
west  of  the  Ohio,  484. 

Journals    of  New   Netherland,   3;    of 
second  Esopus  war,  37;  of  the  uoshi 
at    Wildwyck,    39;    of  Cupt.    Kregi 
voyage    from     the    Manhatans    to 
Esopus,  96 ;  of  Sir  Wm.  Johnjion's  sooi 
257. 

Judges,  the  second  and  third,  in  New  Y 
appointed  by  the  Gov.,  181. 


E. 


w  * 


.',  'I , 


Eannaudasage,  363.  (see  Canadesage.) 

Eayaderossenu,  attempt  to  vacate  the 
patent  of,  1053. 

Kenney,  Rev.  Mr.,  reports  that  Sir  Wm. 
Johnaon  will  suffer  none  but  churchmen 
among  the  Indiana,  4U2. 

Eicft,  Director,  tract  on  New  Netherland 
supposed  to  be  by,  2 ;  demands  satisfac- 
tion for  a  murder  committed  by  an  Indian, 
8;  the  Indiana  conspire  against,  9;  en- 
deavours to  obtain  satisfaction  of  the  In- 
dians for  murders  which  thev  committed, 
10;  urged  to  attack  the  ifndians,  ib. ; 
Maryn  Adriaenzen  makes  an  attempt  on 
the  life  of,  1 1 ;  comments  on  the  admin- 
istration of,  101 ;  permission  to  attack  the 
Indians  demanded  of,  101!;  dispatches 
a  force  against  the  Indians  of  Hempstead, 
105;  coldblooded  conduct  of,  106;  takes 
leave  of  the  commonalty  of  N.  Amster- 
dam, 109;  explanation  of  his  enmity  to 
Melyn,  110;  last  words  of,  Ml;  his  ex- 
periment about  gold,  117. 

Kingsbury,  petition  for  the  erection  of  a 
new  county  in  the  northern  part  of  the 
province  of  New  York  by  the  name  of, 
578. 

Kings  CO.,  assessment  roll  of,  for  1675, 139; 
census  of,  in  1738,  186. 

Kingsland,  order  for  the  settlement  of  the 
township  of,  767. 

Kingston,  names  of  the  persons  enrolled  in 
the  militia  of,  in  1738,  227,  et  seq.  (see 
Wildwyck.) 


Kintecaying,  derivation  of  the  word,  63. 
Kirtland,  Rev.  Daniel,  319. 

',  ilev.  Samuel,  arrives  at  JohnsU 


with  the  intention  of  learning  the  Alohi 
language,  305 ;  sets  out  for  the  Moht 
country,  307;  mentioned,  319;  goci 
N.  Jersey  college,  324;  proceeds  to 
Indian  country  to  learn  the  Seneca 
Mohawk  languages,  342  ;  expcrici 
mueh  kindness  from  Sir  Wm.  Johns 
350;  the  Indians  thanked  for  their  ki 
ness  to,  356 ;  recommendation  in  favor 
demanded,  357;  relates  his  exporic 
among  the  Seneca,  358 ;  reports  the  c 
dition  of  things  in  western  N.  Y.,  3 
a  copy  of  his  journal  required  by  Sir  V 
Johnson,  4(i0;  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  comi 
nicates  something  to  Col.  Jolmson  respi 
ing,  469. 

Kneeland,  Rev.  Ebcnezer,  614. 

Krcgier,  Capt.  MarMn,  journal  of  the  sec 
Esopus  war  by,  37,  45;  quells  a  niuti 
56 ;  warned  to  be  on  his  guard,  63 ; 
feats  the  Esopus  Indians  and  rapt 
another  of  their  forts,  73;  leads  ano 
expedition  against  the  Indians,  80; 
ravages  their  plantation  81 ;  proceed 
the  Manhatans,  91 ;  journal  of  his  vo^ 
from  the  Manhatans  to  the  Esopus, 
returns  finally  to  the  ilanhatans,  98. 

Kuyter,    Joachim   P.,   banished  from 
Netherland,  110;  wrecked.  111. 


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.      '^ 


s,-*- 


•a" 


^1'] 


Laer,  Dominc,  the  wife  of,  captured  by  the 
Indians,  43. 

Laet,  Siour  do,  the  work  of,  on  New  Neth- 
erland referred  to,  22. 

Lakes  of  New  York,  the  great  inland,  173. 

Lamberville.  Rev.  Jacques  dc,  293;  Rev. 
Jean  de,  ib. 

La  Montagnc.  Csee  Montagnc.) 

Lamson,  Rev-  Joseph,  614. 

Land,  condition  of  granting,  in  N.  Nether- 
land, 22,  35;  information  relative  to  the 
granting  of  in  N.  Netherland,  25;  re- 
specting the  wild,  in  N.  N.,  27. 

Languages,  eighteen  varioas,  spoken  on  the 


island  of  Manhate,   21 ;  of  tVie  Indi 
128;  manners  and  customs  of  the  Indi 
Sir  Wm     Johnson  s   letter  on    the, 
specimens  of    pcculiiir    combination 
words  in  the  Indian,  435;  and  in  the  i 
struetion  of  the,  436. 

Lappiiis,  Rev.  Joh.  Caap.,  minister  of  Ci 
joharie,  applies  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson 
some  necessaries,  335. 

Lathrop,  Rev.  Elijah,  319. 

Latitude  and  longit^ide  of  the  most  coi 
erable  places  in  the  Prov,  of  N.  Y. 

Laws  of  N.  Y.,  Smith  and  Livingston's 
of  the,  by  whom  printed,  327. 


INDEX. 


1133 


Itl, 


482 :  lent  on  a  misdon  to  the  Indiani 
of  the  Ohio,  484. 

a  of  New  Netherland,  3;  of  the 
d  Esopus  war,  37;  of  the  niasHacre 
Vildwyck,  39;  of  Cupt.  Kregier'a 
;e  from  the  Manhatana  to  the 
us,  96 ;  of  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon^s  scouts, 

the  second  and  third,  in  New  York 
nted  by  the  Gov.,  181. 


iying,  derivation  of  the  word,  63. 

id,  Rev.  Daniel,  319. 

,  llev.  Samuel,  arrives  at  Johnstown 

the  intention  of  learning  the  Mobawic 
uage,  305 ;  seta  out  for  the  Mohawk 
try,  307;  mentioned,  319;  goes  to 
fcrsey  college,  324;  proceeds  to  the 
i,n  country  to  learn  the  Seneca  and 
awk  languages,  842  ;  experiences 
1  kindness  from  Sir  Wm.  Johnson, 

the  Indians  thanked  for  their  kind- 
to,  35G ;  recommendation  in  favor  of, 
mded,  357;  relates  his  experience 
ig  the  Seneca,  358 ;  reports  the  con- 
n  of  things  in  western  N.  Y.,  o62; 
Dy  of  his  journal  required  by  Sir  Wm. 
ison,  400;  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  commu- 
tes something  to  Col.  Johnson  respect- 
469. 

md,  Rev.  Ebenezcr,  614. 
ir,  Capt.  Martin,  journal  of  the  second 
JUS  war  by,  37,  45;  quells  a  mutiny, 
warned  to  be  on  his  guard,  63 ;  dc- 
)  the  Esopus  Indians  and  captures 
her  of  their  forts,  73;  leads  another 
edition  against  the  Indians,  80;  and 
ees  their  plantation.  81 ;  proceeds  to 
Manhatans,  91 ;  journal  of  bis  voyage 
I  the  Manhatans  to  the  Esopus,  il6; 
■ns  finally  to  the  ilanhatans,  98. 
r,  Joachim  P.,  banished  from  New 
lerlond,  110;  wrecked.  111. 


,''•■■■ 


id  of  Manhate,  21 ;  of  the  Indians, 
i  manners  and  customs  of  the  Imliiins, 
(Vm  Johnson  s  letter  on  the,  4H(I; 
imons  of  peculiar  combination  of 
Is  in  the  Indian,  435;  and  in  the  con- 
ction  of  the,  436. 

IS,  Rev.  .Toh.  Caap.,  minister  of  Cana 
rie,  applies  to  Fir  Wm.  Johnson  for 
8  necessaries,  335. 
)p,  Rev.  Elijah,  319. 
de  and  longitude  of  the  most  consid- 
ilo  places  in  the  Prov,  of  N.  Y.,  176. 
of  N.  Y.,  Smith  and  Livingston's  Ed. 
lie,  by  whom  printed,  327. 


Lead  ore  fonnd  in  the  Prov.  of  New  York, 

174. 
Lebanon,  some  notice  of  the  rise  of  Dr. 

Whcelock's    Indian    aohocl    at,    305-6; 

cumber  of  scholars  in  the  Indian  lohool 

at,  324. 
Lee,  Arthur,  biographical  sketch  of,  430. 
Legislature  of  NT  Y.,  review  of  the  length 

uf  the  sessions  of  the,  previous  to  1738. 

244. 
Lcmeroier,  Rev.  Frs.  Jos.,  291. 
Lc  Moyne,  Rev.  Simon,  291. 
Library  of  Sir  Henry  Moody,  Bart.,  cata- 
logue of,  1060. 
Libraries,  public,  in  New  Y'ork,  destroyed 

by  the  British,  1060. 
Lidius,  Col.   Jno.,  originally  settled   the 

town  of  Durham,  956. 
Little,  Rev.  Ephraim,  319. 
Livingston,  Col.  Peter  E.,  brief  notice  of, 

448. 


Long  Island,  4;  the  christians  of,  attack 
the  Indians,  11;  lands  fit  for  colonization 
on,  27;  Indians  of,  employed  against 
those  of  Esopua,  53,  76;  assessment  rolls 
of  the  five  Dutch  towns  on,  139 ;  error  in 
Prime's  Hist,  of,  1059. 

Lord,  Joseph,  tenders  his  resignation  as  a 
judge  of  Cumberland  county,  758 ;  a  grant 
of  land  recommended  to  be  made  to, 
761;  bears  testimony  to  the  neighborly 
conduct  of  some  of  the  N.  H.  peoule,  765 ; 
the  conduct  of,  approved)  770 ;  the  resig- 
nation of,  declined,  771. 

,  Lieut,  journal  of  his  scout  ^iar  Lake 

George,  262. 

Loups,  the,  24. 

Lutherans,  in  New  Netherland,  22;  the 
minister  of  the,  at  Stonearaby,  disposed  to 
take  orders  in  the  Ch.  of  England,  444, 
445,  450,  455. 


M. 


Magdalen  Island,  the  Esopns  Indians  retire 

back  of,  46. 
Magee,  James,  printer,  Hugh  Gaine  serves 

his  time  to,  385. 
Mahikans,  the,  115. 
Maize,  price  in  1650,  of,  33. 
Makwaes,  the,  115.    (see  Mohawks.) 
Manchester,  petition  for  the  erection  of  a 

new  county  on  Hudson  river,  to  be  called, 

678;   names  of   the   inhabitants  of   the 

township  of,  586. 
Manhatans,  or  Great  river  of  New  Nether- 
land, 115. 
Manhatc,  population  in  1644  of,  21 ;  number 

of  languages  spoken  by  the  inhabitants 

of,  ib. ;  dimensions  of  the  island  of,  21. 
Manning,    Rev.   James,   Secretary  of  the 

Philadelphian  Baptist  a.ssociation,  484. 
Mansfield,  Rev.  Richard,  614. 
Map  of  the  New  Hampshire  grants  referred 

to,  705. 
Marbletown,  names  of  those  serving  in  the 

mSitiaof,  in  1738,  231. 
Mareuil,  Rev.  Pierre  de,  293. 
Marseping  Indians  employed  by  the  Dutch 

in  the  Esopus  war,  76. 
Martin  Gerritsen's  bay,  28. 
Martinnehonek,  L.  I.,  28. 
Maryland,  Sir  Robert  Eden,  the  last  royal 

governor  of,  biographical  notice  of,  477. 
Massachusetts,  why  the  west  bounds  of,  ap- 
proach so  near  the.  Hudson's  river,  534, 

638. 
Mnssapeins,  102. 
Materiotty,  or  men  of  blood,  the  Dutch  so 

called  by  the  Indians,  8. 
Matouwncs,  the  island  of,  115.    (see  Long 

Island.) 
Matsepe,  the  Indians  of,  attacked  by  the 

Dutch,  16. 
Maurice  river,  21. 
Mayano,  an  Indian  sachem  near  Oreenwinh, 

kiUed.  14. 


McClnre,  Rev.  Dr.,  biographical  notice  of, 
366. 

McKesson,  John,  secretary  of  the  N.  York 
convention,  942,  950. 

Megapoleusis,  Rev.  Mr.,  the  Eort  Ontwcrp. 
of,  2. 

Melyn,  Comelis,  colonic  of,  6;  banished, 
from  N.  Netherland,  110;  his  son  drown- 
ed, 111;  narrowly  escapes  drowning,  ib. 

Memoir  of  Lieut.  Gov.  Delancey,  1035 ;  of 
Hon.  James  Duane,  1061. 

Menard,  Rev.  Rfni',  292. 

Menissings,  the,  aid  the  Esopus  Indians, 
46,  48,  63.  ,  ,'...;,r,. 

Menonists  in  N.  Netherland,  22. 

Mercury,  the  Now  York,  385. 

Merekewacks,  or  Indians  of  Brooklyn,  102. 

Mexico,  bay  of,  an  inland  navigation  feasi- 
ble between  the  province  of  New  York  and 
the,  173. 

Meyndertz,  Myndert,  colonic  of,  6,  9. 

Miantenimo  excites  the  Indians  of  N.  Neth- 
erland against  the  christians,  9. 

Middelwout.    (see  Flatbush.) 

Milet,  Rev.  Pierre,  393. 

Militia  of  the  Prov.  of  New-York,  ordered 
to  be  enumerated,  167;  act  regarding  the, 
passed  annually,  180;  names  of  the  offi- 
cers and  soldiers  belonging  in  1738,  to  the, 
208. 

Mine,  a  gold,  supposed  to  be  near  the  South 
river,  22;  a  silver,  in  New  Netherland, 
117. 

Minerals  of  N.  Netherland,  117;  of  the 
Prov.  of  N.  York,  174. 

Minnisinck,  population  of,  in  1738,  185. 

Miscellanies,  1059. 

Missionarids,  a  list  of  the  early,  among  the 
Iroquois,  291 ;  caveat  entered  at  Fort 
Stanwix  against  alienating  the  Indian 
lands  by  two  N.  Eng.,  390;  intrigues  of 
the  N.  Eng.,  397. 


'*J^ 


* 


i   1134 


INDEX. 


I 


V^*!'i 


»' 


Ififwinippi  river,  oommnnioatlon  between 
the  Susquehannkh  uad  the,  173. 

Mohawk  Indians,  brief  account  of  the,  2 ; 
negotiate  between  the  Dutch  and  Eaopus 
Indians,  49;  result  of  their  misaion,  50; 
further  negotiation  of  the,  51,  63;*  oollis- 
ion  between  the  northern  Indians  and  the, 
60:  Rev.  J.  C.  HartwioU's  address  to  the, 
296 :  address  of  the,  to  the  king  in  favor 
of  Rev.  J.  0.  Hartwick,  298;  send  their 
vouth  to  the  Lebanon  Indian  school  to 
be  educated,  306,  307;  names  of  the 
scholars  at  Fort  Hunter  belonging  to  the, 
417;  acknowledged  to  be  the  head  of  the 
Six  Nations,  432;  symbol  of  the,  ib. ; 
why  called  Canniungaes,  ib.  (see  Ag- 
niehronana.) 

— ^—  river,  extent  of  the  carrying  place 
between  lake  Otsego  and  the,  173;  be- 
tween Oneida  lake  and  the,  ib. 

— —  valley,  timber  of  the,  172;  nature 
of  the  soil  of  the,  1 75 ;  .forU  in  the,  180 ; 
Christmas  in  the,  1059. 

Montague,  Councillor  La,  commands  an 
expedition  against  the  Indians,  14,  15; 
cold  blooded  conduct  of  106. 

Montanus'  description  of  New  Netherland, 
113. 

Montauk  Indians,  (see  Smith,  Rev.  J.; 
C.  Occom;  Fender.) 

Montcalm,  Gen.,  instnictions  of,  transmitted 
by  Father  Robaud  to  Gen.  Amherst,  338. 

Montreal,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  176; 
description  of,  in  1738,  240;  Rev.  Mr. 
Delisle,  Episcopal  minister  of,  517. 

Montressor,  Col.  answer  of,  to  Capt.  Green's 
observations  on  a  plan  of  a  fort  to  be 
erected  at  the  Oneida  carrying  place,  625. 

Moody,  Sir  Henry,  catalogue  of  the  library 
of,  1060. 

Moore,  Gov.  Sir  Heniy,  at  Johnson  Hall, 
SM) ;  assists  at  the  treaty  of  Fort  Stan- 
wix,  388 ;  patronizes  Mr.  Adair's  work  on 
the  Indians,  412,  414;  ordered  not  to  dis- 
turb any  persons  having  valid  titles  under 
New  Hampshire  for  land  west  of  Connec- 
ticut river,  589;  letters  of,  to  Lord  Shel- 
bume,  in  answer  to  his  lonlship's  dispatch 
and  vindicating  his  government  from  the 
charges  contained  in  the  petition  of  Sam- 
uel Robinson  and  others,  590,  605 ;  erects 
a  church  at  his  own  expense  in  the  county 


of  Camberland,  696 ;  denies  that  he  ev 
exacted  fees  from  those  unable  to  u 
them,  000 ;  writes  to  Lord  HiUsboro'  th 
he  still  refuses  to  grant  any  lands  on  tl 
west  side  of  Connecticut  river,  611;  sa 
to  have  refused  to  pass  any  patents  f 
lands  west  of  Connecticut  river  witho 
payment  of  his  full  fees,  621. 

Morgan,  Rev.  Abel,  moderator  of  the  Pb 
ladelphia  Baptist  Association,  484. 

Mosely,  Rev.  Richard,  engaged  as  minist 
of  Johnstown,  481 ;  arrives  at  Albany 
his  way  to  .lohnstown,  464;  intends  r 
linquishing  the  church  at  Johnstow 
496;  resigns  the  living  at  Johnstow 
500;  expresses  his  sense  of  Sir  Wi 
Johnson's  goodness  to  him,  507- 
■,  Rev.  Samuel,  319. 


Mountains  of  New  Nctherland,  3 ;  of  Ni 
York,  171. 

Munro,  Rev.  Harry,  Episcopal  minister 
Albany,  biographical  notice  of,  410;  coi 
plains  that  some  persons  have  been  e 
deavouring  to  disturb  the  peace  of  1 
congregation,  452 ;  has  a  good  congreg 
tion,  482;  makes  a  collection  in  N( 
York  for  his  church  at  Albany,  484. 
-,  John,    affidavit  of,   regarding  i 


sistance  offered  to  the  civil  authority 
New  York  in  the  New  Hampshire  gran 
685;  writes  Scc"y  Banyer  informing  h 
of  the  continued  persecution  of  t 
"Yorkers,"  710;  instructed  to  take  pi 
ceedings  against  Robert  Cochrane  ai 
other  rioters,  720 ;  petitions  to  be  appoii 
ed  sheriff  of  Albany  county,  723;  sei 
information  to  N.  Y.  respecting  the  co 
tinued  insolence  of  the  Bennington  mc 
762;  applies  for  protection  against  t 
Bennington  rioters,  776;  informs  gei 
that  they  have  commenced  an  armed  ( 
ganization,  778 ;  and  that  he  has  arrest 
some  counterrciters ;  of  his  inability, 
enforce  the  law  in  the  northern  part  of  t 
province,  and  that  he  declines  to  act  a 
longer  as  a  magistmte,  800. 

— — ,  Peter  Jay,  411. 

Murray,  Rev.  Alexander,  notice  of,  8S 
declines  taking  charge  of  the  Episco] 
church  at  Schenectady,  405,  406. 

Muskrat,  habit  of  the,  120. 


rr      ^ 


K/l 


»'      f 


^ 


^xi     ' 


■i'i 


^i^>C}. 


m 


\ 


STapaier,  Mr.  director  general  of  hospitals 

of  N.  Y.,  591. 

Nassaw,  fort,  5;  river,  21. 

New  Amsterdam,  5;  population  of,  6; 
church  of,  21 ;  some  of  the  houses  in, 
built  of  stone,  23;  description  of,  116; 
changed  to  New-York,  131 ;  (sbe  New- 
York.) 

New  Connecticut,  State  of,  the  N.  Hamp- 
shire grants  resolve  that  they  be  hence- 
forth called  the,  930 ;  the  name  of,  changed 
toTermout,  942. 


New  England,  the  insupportable  govemm< 
of,  obliges  several  colonists  to  retire 
and  settle  in  N.  Nctherland,  6;  mc 
adopted  for  the  construction  of  bouses 
the  early  settlers  in,  31 ;  price  of  cat 
in,  33 ;  intrigues  at  Fort  Stanwix  of  I 
missionaries  from,  397. 

New  Hampshire  grants,  controversy  rcspe 

ing  the,   529;   order  of   the    Gov.  a 

Council  of  N.  Y.,  in  favor  of  the,  west 

Connecticut  river,  577;  claimants  und 

I     ardered  to  sua  out  their  grants,  587 ;  p 


IMOBX. 


1135 


mberland,  696;  denies  tbat  he  ever 
id  fees  from  those  unable  to  pay 
«00j  writes  to  Lord  Hillsboro'  that 
il  refuses  to  grant  any  lands  on  the 
ide  of  Connecticut  river,  611;  said 
ve  refused  to  pnss  any  patents  for 
west  of  Connecticut  river  without 
;nt  of  his  full  fees,  621. 
Rev.  Abel,  moderator  of  the  Phi- 
hia  Baptist  Association,  484. 
Rev.  Richard,  cnffagcd  ns  minister 
instown,  481 ;  arrives  at  Albany  on 
ay  to  Johnstown,  484;  intends  re- 
shing   the   church    at    .Johnstown, 
resigns  the    living  at  Johnstown, 
expresses    his    sense  of   Sir  Wm. 
ons  goodness  to  him,  6U7. 
Rev.  Samuel,  319. 
ns  of  New  Netherland,  3 ;  of  New 
171. 

Rev.  Harry,  Eiiiscopal  ministor  of 
y,  biographical  notice  of,  410;  corn- 
that  some  persons  have  been  en- 
uring to  disturb  the  peace  of  his 
igation,  452 ;  has  a  good  congrega- 
482;  makes  a  collection  in  New 
for  his  chuivh  at  Albany,  484. 
John,  affidavit  of,  regarding  re- 
ce  offered  to  the  civil  authority  of 
York  in  the  New  Hampshire  grants, 
writes  Scc'y  Banyer  informing  him 
be  continued  persecution  of  the 
kers,"  710;  instructed  to  take  pro- 
igs  against  Robert  Cochrane  and, 
riotors,  720 ;  petitions  to  be  appoint- 
leriff  of  Albany  county,  723 ;  sends 
nation  to  N.  Y.  respecting  the  con- 
i  insolence  of  the  Bennington  mob, 
applies  for  protection  against  the 
ngton  rioters,  776;  informs  gevt. 
;hey  have  commenced  an  armed  or- 
ition,  778 ;  and  that  he  has  arrested 
counterfeiters ;  of  his  inability,  to 
e  the  law  in  the  northern  part  of  the 
ice,  and  that  he  declines  to  act  any 
'  as  a  magistrate,  800. 
Peter  Jay,  411. 

Rev.    Alexander,   notice  of,  S83; 
es  taking  charge  of  the  Episcopal 
1  at  Schenectady,  406,  406. 
,  habit  of  the,  120. 


gland,  the  insupportable  government 
)lige8  several  colonists  to  retire  to, 
ettle  in  N.  Netheriand,  6;  mode 
3d  for  the  construction  of  houses  ))y 
iriy  settlers  in,  31 ;  price  of  cattle 
;  intrigues  at  Fort  Stanwix  of  the 
naries  from,  397. 

mpshire  grants,  controversy  respect- 
be,  529;  order  of  the  Gov.  and 
il  of  N.  Y.,  in  favor  of  the,  west  of 
ctiout  river,  577;  claimants  under, 
d  to  sue  out  their  grants,  587;  per- 


sons having  valid  titles  to,  not  to  be  dis- 
turbed in  the  possession  of  their  lands 
by  the  govt,  of  N.  York,  589;  lands  held 
under,  not  to  be  regrantod  by  N.  Y.  609; 
Partridge  Thatcher  repommeuded  to  be 
the  Arst  governor  of  the,  614;  petition  to 
the  kin^  from  curtuiu  persons  on  the,  to 
tlio  wcijtward  of  Connuotiout  river  praying 
to  bo  re-annexed  to  New  Hampshire,  672 ; 
certiQcate  of  the  surveyor-general  of  N. 
York,  of  reservations  in  favor  of  the  oo- 
cupants  of,  678;  utlidavits  proving  public 
dLiurJurs  to  have  been  fomented  by  New 
llainpshire  on  the,  679,  et  acq,;  list  and 
dates  of  tho  west  of  Connecticut  river, 
706,  707;  certain  parties  holding,  to  be 
allowed  not  exceeding  500  acres,  7 17 ;  the 
rioters  and  traitors  of  the,  retire  to  the 
mountains  where  they  cannot  be  appre- 
hended, 747;  some  of  the,  afterwards 
cunSrmcd  under  New  York,  785 ;  the  in- 
habitants of  the,  west  of  Connecticut 
river,  resolve  to  send  an  agent  to  England, 
800;  the  people  of  tho,  send  agents  to 
London  to  demand  an  alteration  in  the 
jurisdiction,  802;  plan  of  the  board  of 
trade  for  the  settlement  of  the  difficulties 
on  the,  803 ;  approved,  827 ;  (see  Tryon, 
Gov.)  a  convention  at  Dorset  declare  the 
necessity  of  erecting  the,  into  a  separate 
district,  920;  further  proceedings  for  the 
purpose  of  forming  the,  into  a  new  state, 
923 ;  several  of  the,  declare  themselves  in- 
dopendant  of  tho  State  of  N.  Y.,  930; 
and  assume  the  name  of  New  Connecticut, 
ib.;  (see  Vermont.)  Thos.  Young  en- 
courages the  people  of  the,  to  form  a  state 
constitution,  934;  the  recommendation  of 
congress  to  form  state  constittjitions  sent  to 
the,  936;  report  to  the  N.  Y.  Prov.  Cong, 
on  the  eastern  part  of  the,  937 ;  the  inhab- 
itants of,  meet  in  convention  and  declare 
their  independence,  942 ;  tho  independent 
government  attempted  to  be  established 
by  the  people  of,  discountenanced  by  the 
continental  congress,  945;  proposals  ten- 
dered by  N.  Y.,  for  the  settlement  of  the 
difficulties  in  the,  951;  petition  of  the 
proprietors  of  the,  to  the  king,  1027. 

New  Hampshire,  the  province  of,  description 
of  the  bounds  of,  632 ;  the  authorities  of, . 
lay  out  lands  near  Crown  Pt.,  557 ;  order  of 
the  king  in  council  fixing  tho  boundary  be- 
tween New  York  and,  574;  the  governor 
of,  authoriKM  an  exploration  of  the  head 
waters  of  the  Connecticut  river,  721 ;  the 
council  of,  advises  Gov.  Wentworth  not  to 
take  any  notice  of  Gov.  Tryons  procla- 
mation, 756. 

New  Johnstown,  517. 

New  Netherland,  journal  of,  1 ;  early  Dutoh 
tracts  on,  2 ;  why  so  called,  3 ;  situation, 
climate,  appearance  and  rivers  of,  ib. ; 
trees  and  animals  and  fishes  of,  4;  by 
whom  peopled,  6;  forts  and  saw  mills 
erected  in,  settlers  sent  to,  ib. ;  first  set- 
tlers in,  6;  the  cause  of  the  war  in,  ib. ; 
proposed  to  bo  mortgaged  to  N.  England, 
13;  description  of,  by  Father  Isaac 
Joguei,  13;   litoatiM  af,  in  liU,  21; 


variety  of  sects  in,  22 ;  conditions  of  land 
granting  in,  ib. ;  date  of  the  first  arrival 
of  the  Dutoh  at,  23;  climate  of,  ib.; 
Sec  y  Van  Tienhoven's  information  re- 
specting the  wild  lands  in,  25;  propel 
season  when  emigrants  should  sail  to,  30; 
rules  observed  in  the  oonstvuclion  of 
houses  and  villages  in,  31;  mode  of  fat- 
tening bogs  in,  32;  uattle  necessary  for 
farmers  in,  ib. ;  classes  of  persons  best 
adapted  for  emigration  to,  34 ;  mode 
adopted  in  the  granting  of  land  in,  35; 
Montanus'  description  of,  113;  bounda- 
ries of,  115j  the  first  emigrants  to,  131, 
132.  (see  JVcio  York.)  first  church  erected 
in,  1059. 

Newspapers,  early  N.  York,  327,  385. 

Newton,  Rev.  Christopher,  614. 

Newtown,  L.  I.,  Rev.  Andrew  Bay  min- 
ister of,  383. 

New  Utrecht,  assessment  roll  of,  in  1675, 
168:  population  of,  in  1738,  186;  names 
of  the  inhabitants  of,  in  1738,  194. 

New  Vermount,  the  state  of,  942.  (see 
Vermont.) 

New  year's  day,  ordinance  prohibiting  finng 
guns  on,  97. 

New  York  city,  formerljr  New  Amsterdam, 
131;  latitude  and  longitude  of,  176;  forti- 
fications of,  180;  mayor  and  recorder  of, 
appointed  by  the  governor,  181 ;  census 
of,  in  1738,  186;  names  of  the  officers  and 
soldiors  in  1738,  of  the  companies  in, 
211,  et  seq.;  public  libraries  destroyed 
by  the  British  in,  1060;  Juines  Duane 
appointed  mayor  of,  1078;  names  of  the 
clergy  of,  in  1796,  IU84. 

college,  order  of  the  governor's  of 

the,  for  the  settlement  of  their  township, 
767. 

,    the  province  of,    in    1738,   163; 

queries  relating  to,  165;  census  of,  order- 
ed to  be  taken,  166;  Cadwalladcr  Col- 
don's  observations  on  the  climate,  soil, 
water  communications,  Ac,  of,  16!i;  situ- 
ation of,  171;  timber  of;  extent  of  set- 
tlements in,  tho  highest  part  of,  172; 
the  great  inland  lakes  of,  173;  minerals 
and  soil  of,  174;  climate  of,  175;  boun- 
daries of,  177;  expenses  of  the  govomment 
of,  180;  length  of  the  sessions  of  tho 
legislature  of,  previous  to  1738,  244; 
papei-3  illustrating  the  controversy  re- 
specting Vermont  between  New  Hamp- 
shire and,  529;  boimded  east  by  the 
Connentiout  river,  633;  report  of  the 
attorney-gt^neral  on  the  eastern  boundary 
of,  637;  surveyor-general's  obsei-vn tions 
thereupon,  546;  extract  of  a  letter  from 
Gov.  Wentworth  furnished  by  order  of  the 
board  of  trade  to  the  agent  of,  5  48 ;  report 
of  the  council  of,  on  the  ca,st  hounds  of, 
650 ;  proclamation  declaring  the  Connec- 
ticut river  to  be  tho  east  bounds  of,  558 ; 
order  of  the  king  in  council  fixing  the 
boundary  between  New  Hampshire  and, 
574;  petition  for  the  erection  of  several 
counties  west  of  Connecticut  river  and  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  province  of,  578; 
report  ef  kh«  ceuntil  thereupon,  5S3 ;  the 


1136 


INDEX. 


'/': 


^1 


r  ) 


Mh 


»*,. 


gorernor  of,  forbiden  to  grant  any  landa 
already  patented  by  New  Hampshire, 
6U9;  Uov.  and  ooancil  of,  to  grant  war- 
ranta  of  aurvoy  to  certain  parties  holding 
under  N.  llampsbire  for  not  exceeding 
Ave  hundred  acres  of  land,  717;  council 
of,  rcooiumend  the  issuing  a  proclamation 
reiterating  the  claim  of  New  York  to 
the  lands  vent  of  the  Connecticut  river, 
748 ;  an  account  of  the  temper  of  the 
rioters  in  the  eastern  part  of,  776;  mem- 
orandum of  the  townships  formerly  grant- 
ed by  New  llaniiishire  and  since  cuntirmcd 
by,  786 ;  the  council  of,  resolve  to  make 
a  representation  to  his  majesty's  govern- 
ment on  the  [irocccdings  of  the  people  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  province  of,  who 
contiaue  to  bid  defiance  to  the  law,  802 ; 
a  military  force  demanded  to  put  down  the 
Bennington  mob  by  the  council  of,  825, 
884.  (see  Haldimand  Gen.,)  lands  of, 
to  b«  settled  in  townships,  1U52;  Sir  C. 
Uardy  resigns  the  government  of,  1053; 
proclamation  of  the  last  royal  governor 
of,  10S5. 
Neir  York  provincial  congress  of,  Ethan  Al- 
len, expresses  a  desire  to  be  reconciled  to, 
and  thanks  that  body  for  their  respectful 
treatment  of  the  Ureen  Mountain  boys, 
OUI;  appoints  Soth  Warner,  Lt.  Colonel, 
020;  report  to  the,  on  the  state  of  Cum- 
berland and  Glocester  counties,  937. 

,  State  of,  designs  formed  to  dismem- 
ber the,  920,  922,  923,  924,  926,  929; 
committee  of  safety  of  the,  protest  against 
the  continental  congress  organizing  a  regi- 
ment in  the  N.  II.  grants,  independent 
of,  and  demand  that  the  insurgents  be  re- 
quired to  submit  to  the  authority  of  the, 
925;  demands  the  recall  of  Col.  Warner  s 
commission,  929;  deprived  of  five  coun- 


ties by  the  king  of  Great  Britain, 
Bftveral  of  the  N.  H.  grants  declare  tl 
celves  independent  of,  930;  rcsoliitiut 
the  committee  of  safety  of,  on  leai 
that  Vermont  is  endeavoring  to  be  i 
pendent,  943 ;  the  committee  of  safut 
orders  the  distribution  of  the  resulvt 
congress  discountenancing  the  inde 
dence  of  Vermont  to  be  circulated  throi 
out  the  eastern  part  of  the,  >J4ti;  pi'0|j 
of  the,  for  the  settlement  of  the  ditf 
ties  on  the  N.  H.  grants,  961 ;  rate  : 
for  the  commutation  of  the  quit  rent* 
to  the,  954;  proposals  of  the,  dec 
unsatisfactory  by  Vermont,  979 ;  its  c 
gates  in  congress  instructed  respectinf 
disturbances  in  the  N.  E.  part  of 
987;  resolutions  providing  for  the  " 
mont  sutferers  passed  by  the  legislc 
of,  1016;  list  of  the  several  tracts  of 
appropriated  to  the  Vermont  suH'erei 
the,  1018;  terms  of  the  settlement  of 
controversy  between  Vermont  and,  1 
appropriation  of  the  money  paid  by  ' 
mont  to,  1024. 

Neyswesinck,  description  of  the  land  atj 

Niagara,  the  French  fort  at,  241 . 

Niessen,  Christian,  45;  sent  to  attack 
Indians  behind  Magdalen  island,  47 ; 
companies  an  expedition  against 
Esopus  Indians,  54 ;  ordered  to  lie  wi 
party  in  ambush,  59,  60;  commanc 
party  sent  to  protect  the  reaprs  at 
Esopus,  61 ;  despatched  witn  a  p 
against  the  Esopus  Indians,  62;  ace 
panics  a  party  against  the  Indians, 
left  in  command  at  the  Esopu8>  91. 

North  river,  the  great,  21. 

Norton,  Rev.,  John,  319. 

Novum  Belgium,  21. 

Nyssen,  Christiaen.  (see  Messen.) 


o 


<ij 


>**^* 


Observations,  Cadwallader  Colden's,  on  the 
situation,  soil,  climate,  Ac,  of  the  Prov. 
of  New  York,  169 ;  on  the  circumstances 
and  condition  of  the  people  of  Ulster  and 
Orange  counties,  the  author  and  printers 
of  the,  reprimanded  by  the  house  of  assem- 
bly of  N.Y.,  327. 

Occom,  Rev.  Sampson,  sent  a  mi!<Kionary  to 
the  Oneidas,  306;  biog.  notice  of,  341; 
patronized  by  the  countess  of  Huntington, 
351 ;  labors  among  the  Montauk  Indians, 
352;  visits  the  Oneidas,  353;  received 
favorably  in  England,  367. 

Oel,  Bev.  John  Jacob,  complains  that  the 
Bostonicrs  projMJse  establishing  schools  and 
the  Presbyterian  religion  among  the  Mo- 
hawks, 307. 

Officers  of  militia  commissioned  by  the  gov- 
ernor, 180. 

Ogdens  Mount,  about  one  mile  west  of  Crown 
Point,  284. 

Ogilvio,  Bev.  John,  hia  opinion  as  to  the 


propriety  of  carrying  on  the  war  i 
more  vigor,  302 ;  allowance  for  an  Im 
missionary  paid  only  to,  310;  recommc 
ed  as  editor  6f  the  Indian  prayer-bi 
364;  willing  to  assist  in  the  completioi 
the  Indian  prayer-book,  384 ;  mentioi 
405;  professor  in  Kings  CoU.  N.  Y 
413;  mentioned,  441. 

Ohio,  expediency  of  establishing  a  govi 
ment  on  the,  argued  before  the  p 
council,  478. 

Oneida  oarrrying  place,  observations  ( 
plan  of  a  fort  to  be  built  at  the,  521 ; 
pography  of  the,  525. 

Indians,  state  of  their  school,  ' 


symbol  of  the,  432 ;  why  called  Onoyuts 
——  river,  course  of  the,  173. 
Onogquaea,  the  Delawares  opposed  to 

English  building  a  fort  at,  302. 
Onohoquage,  Hezekiah  Calvin  recommei 

for  the  Indian  school  at,  367. 
Onondaga  Indiaoi,  strength  of  the,  in  1' 


!! 


INDEX. 


ll.1t 


by  the  king  of  Great  Britain,  Ib.j 
ral  of  the  N.  H.  gmnta  declare  them- 
IS  independent  of,  «30 ;  resolutions  of 
committee  of  safety  of,  on  learning 
Vermont  is  endeavoring  to  be  indc 
lent,  W3;  the  cominittce  of  safety  uf, 
re  the  distribution  of  the  resolves  of 
rcss  discountenancing  the  inUcpen. 
e  of  Vermont  to  be  circulated  through- 
Ihe  eastern  part  of  the,  \iM  j  piojiosulj 
he,  for  the  settlement  of  the  difficul- 
on  the  N.  H.  grants,  J)6l;  rate  fixed 
he  commutation  of  the  quit  rent*  due 
he,  954;  proposals  of  the,  deemed 
.tisfactory  by  Vermont,  979 ;  ita  dele- 
8  in  congress  instructed  respecting  the 
irbances  in  the  N.  E.  part  of  the, 
I  resolutions  providing  for  the  Ver- 
t  sufferers  passed  by  the  legislature 
1016 ;  list  of  the  several  tracts  of  land 
ropriated  to  the  Vermont  suB'erers  in 

1018;  terms  of  the  settlement  of  the 
roversy  between  Vermont  and,  1023; 
ropriation  of  the  money  paid  by  Ver- 
it  to,  1024. 

resinck,  description  of  the  land  at,  29. 
ra,  the  French  fort  at,  241. 
sn,  Christian,  45;  sent  to  attoek  the 
ians  behind  Magdalen  island,  47 ;  ao- 
ipanies  an  expedition  against  the 
pus  Indians,  54;  ordered  to  lie  with  a 
ty  in  ambush,  69,  60;  commands  a 
ty  sent  to  protect  the  reapers  at  the 
pus,  61;  despatched  with  a  partj 
inst  the  Esopua  Indians,  62;  aecom- 
ies  a  party  against  the  Indians,  71; 

in  command  at  the  Esopus,  91. 

river,  the  great,  21. 

,  Rev.,  John,  319. 
m  Belgium,  21. 

Chriatiaen.  (see  Niesten.) 


)riety  of  carrying  on  the  war  with 
e  vigor,  302;  allowance  for  an  Indian 
iionary  paid  only  to,  310;  recommend- 
18  editor  fef  the  Indian  prayer-book, 
;  willing  to  assist  in  the  completion  of 
Indian  prayer-book,  384;  mentioned, 

professor  in  Kings  CoU.  N.  York, 
,  mentioned,  441. 
expediency  of  establishing  a  govern- 
it  on  the,  argued  before   the  privy 
icil,  478. 

carrrying  place,   observations  on  a 

of  a  fort  to  be  built  at  the,  521 ;  to- 
raphy  of  the,  625.  ,     ,   on 

-  Indians,  state  of  their  school,  311; 
bol  of  the,  432 ;  why  called  Onoyuts,  ib. 

river,  course  of  the,  173. 
uaga,  the  Delawares  opposed  to  the 
■lisn  building  a  fort  at,  302. 
quage,  Hezekiah  Calvin  recommended 
the  Indian  school  at,  367.        .    ,  .,„ 
aga  Indiaui,  itrength  of  the,  m  177U, 


.  4S7;  oall  themselTci  people  of  the  Oreat 
Mountain,  432. 

Onondaga  salt  ■pringi,  174. 

Onowadagegh,  Kev.  Theophilni  Cliamber- 
lain  missionary  at,  308. 

Opdyk,  Ensign,  sent  with  a  party  against 
the  Indians  of  Hempstead,  106. 

Orange  county,  census  of,  in  1738,  185; 
names  of  the  officers  and  soldlera  of  the 
militia  of,  208 ;  Rev.  Heiekiah  Watkins 
reprimanded  by  the  house  of  assembly  for 
publishing  observations  on  the  oiroum- 
stanoes  and  condition  of  the  people  of 
Ulster  and,  327. 

fort.  (S4e  Fort  Orange.) 

— —  town,  population  of,  in  1738,  185. 

Order  to  repair  the  pallisades  of  the  fort  at 
Wildwyok,  66,  84;  prohibiting  the  sale  of 
strong  liquors  to  the  military  at  the  Eso- 
pus, 78 ;  prohibiting  the  military  coming 
from  Rondout  to  Wildwyok  without 
leave,  85;  for  the  prosecution  of  Silas 
Robinson,  471;  fixing  the  boundary  be- 
tween New  York  and  New  Hampshire, 
674;  in  favor  of  occupants  under  New 
Hampshire  west  of  Connecticut  river, 
677;  that  the  claimants  under  N.  Hamp- 


shire sue  out  their  nanta,  687,  639 ;  dis- 
allowing the  act  of  tne  New  York  legisla- 
ture erectine  Cumberland  county,  6U8; 
forbidding  the  governor  of  New  York  to 
make  grants  of  any  lands  already  patented 
by  New  Hampshire,  009 ;  for  the  erection 
of  Ulooester  county,  634;  to  arrest  Seth 
Warner,  729;  for  the  arrest  of  Ethan 
Allen  and  others,  749;  instructins  Gov. 
Tryon  to  urge  on  his  majesty's  ministers  a 
settlement  of  the  difficulties  respecting  the 
N.  H.  grants,  795. 

Ordinance  forbidding  settlers  to  remove  from 
the  Esopus,  68:  regulating  the  sale  of 
strone  drink  at  the  Esopus,  61 ;  prohibit- 
ing the  military  at  the  Esopus  to  leave 
their  posts,  without  permission,  76;  pro- 
hibiting the  firing  of  guns  on  new  year's 
da^f,  97. 

Osborne,  Sir  Danvers,  suicide  of,  1067. 

Oswego,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  176. 

Otsego  lake,  extent  of  the  carrying  place 
between  the  Mohawk  river  and,  173. 

Otter  creek,  settlement  of  Col.  Reid  on, 
destroyed,  842,  846. 

Oxen,  price  of,  in  New  Netherlands  32. 

Oystcrbay,  why  so  called,  28. 


P. 


Pacham,  Director  Kieft  treats  with,  10; 
urges  the  Indians  to  massacre  the  christ- 
ians, 12. 
Palmer,  Rev.  Mr.,  notice  of  333,  614. 
Paltz,  names  of 'those  enrolled  in  the  militia 
of,  236. 

Pamphlet,  entitled.  The  power  and  grandeur 
of  Great  Britain  founded  on  the  lil)ertie8 
of  the  colonies,  393;  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
White  on  The  case  of  the  Episcopal  church 
at  the  close  of  the  revolution,  616 ;  Re- 
view of  the  military  operations  in  North 
America  from  the  commencement  of  the 
French  hostilities  to  the  surrender  of  Os- 
wego, 1064. 

Parker,  James,  printer  at  New  York,  327, 
385. 

Patterson,  Col.  Eleazer,  arrested  by  Ethan 
Allen,  065;  petitions  the  legislature  of 
N.  Y.  in  behalf  of  the  Vermont  sufferers, 
1020. 

Pavonia,  Indians  attacked  by  the  Dutch  at, 
11;  several  bouweries  at,  burnt  by  the 
Indians,  13;  Indians  massacred  at,  103. 

Payne,  Rev.  Wm.,  rector  of  the  Episcopal 
charoh  of  Schenectady,  503. 

Peach  trees  killed  by  the  frost  in  New 
York,  175. 

Pels,  Evert,  83. 

Pennewlti  conspires  against  the  Dutch,  15. 

Pennsylvania,  the  constitution  of,  recom- 
mended as  a  model  to  the  people  of  Ver- 
mont, 935. 

Penobscot  Indians,  the,  kill  some  Mohawks 
and  Mohegans,  60. 

Peters,  Rov.  Mr.,  missionary  of  Hebron,  636. 

Phelps,  Charles,  eommunioates  to  the  legii- 


Vol. 


IV. 


72 


latnre  of  New  York  the  opinions  prevail- 
ing in  congress  on  the  difficulties  respect- 
ing the  N.  H.  grants,  965;  applies  for  a 
further  allowance  for  his  services  whilst  in 
attendance  at  congress,  1000. 

Philadelphia,  latitude  and  longitude  of, 
176;  college  of,  obtains  pecuniary  assist- 
ance from  the  island  of  JAmaica,  499. 

Picquet,  Rev.  Frs.,  294. 

Pierron,  Rev.  Jean,  293. 

Pietersen,  Capt.  Jochem,  leads  a  party 
against  the  Indians,  14. 

Pitt,  petition  for  tho^  erection  of  a  new 
county  on  the  east  side  of  Lake  Cliam- 
plain,  to  be  called,  678. 

Pointe  a  la  chevelure,  240. 

Pomroy,  Rev.  Benj'n,  requests  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson's  patronage  in  favor  of  Dr. 
Wheelook's  Indian  school,  316;  incloses 
him  copy  of  certain  recommendations,  317 ; 
notice  of,  ib. ;  minister  of  Hebron,  319 ; 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  informs,  he  will  be 
always  ready  to  promote  Dr.  Wheelock's 
undertakings,  320;  appointed  to  confer 
with  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  on  the  subject  of 
christianizing  the  Indians,  367;  visit* 
Albany,  379. 

Poneet,  Rev.  Jos.  Anthony,  292. 

Port  May,  115. 

Post-boy,  the  N.  Y.  weekly,  327. 

Poughkeepsie,  first  Episcopal  church  la^ 
1069. 

Powers,  Rev.  Peter,  319. 

Pownal,  several  of  the  inhabitants  of,  ar- 
rested by  the  sheriff  of  Albany,  676; 
names  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  township 
of;68i 


i 
liil 


■r 


* 


1138 


IKDKX. 


Prayer-book,  Indian,  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon  de- 
aigns  printing  a  neW  editiun  of  Itie,  32 1 ; 
Mr.  ^Voyiuaii  ia  ready  to  proceed  witli  t)ic 
printing  of  tlie,  32fl;  Sir  Win.  Jolinion 
enclosei  to  tlie  Kev.  Dr.  Burclivy  a  plan 
for  the  new,  33U;  diffioulty  of  printing 
the,  in  New  Vorlc,  334 ;  printing  of  ttie, 
interrupted  by  Dr.  Ituruluy'R  duatli,  340 ; 
remainder  of  Kev.  Dr.  Uarolay'H  jMS.  for 
tlio,  gent  to  Sir  Wm.  .Tohnson  to  be  cor- 
rected, 343 J  Rev.  Mr.  Ogilvie  recom- 
mended to  aiiporintend  the  printing  of 
the,  :}U4;  Hugh  (iaino  undurtakoM  to 
complete  the  printing  of  the,  3H4 ;  further 
particulars  about  the  printing  of  the, 
.^86 ;  and  binding  the,  387,  3U6 ;  nearly 
finiHhed,  3UU;  completed,  405;  Hugh 
Gaino  xcnds  in  the  account  for  printing 
the,  417. 

PrcsbytorianB  the,  feared  by  the  church  of 
Kngland,  3tl2 ;  of  (jreat  Darrington  inlliot 
evoi7  liardshipon  tho  Kpiacopalians,  373; 
.the  iirst  and  Hcoond  minigtcrs  at  Albany 
of  the,  374,  383;  Hqucuzing  their  uiig- 
sionaries  everywhere  among  the  Indians, 
400. 

Printers,  public,  327,  385. 

Proclamation  for  the  settleinont  of  the 
country  between  Fort  Edward  and  Lake. 
Georgej  55li;  declaring  the  Connecticut 
river  to  be  the  east  lx>und8  of  the  Prov. 


of  New  York,  658;  of  Oot.  Wentwc 
declaring  the  patent  to  tho  Duke  of  1 
obHoletu,  and  encouraging  the  grai 
under  New  Ilampiiliire  to  proceed 
their  settlements  west  of  Conned 
river,  670;  of  Uov.  Wentworth  as.sci 
that  the  west  bounds  of  New  llanipt 
approach  within  twenty  miles  of 
IludHon  river,  ib. ;  for  the  arrest  of  Jc 
Broakenridge  and  others  for  obNtruc 
tho  division  of  the  Wallumschack  pal 
615,  6U1:  reiterating  the  right  of 
York  to  the  lands  west  of  the  Conneci 
river,  750;  Gov.  Wentworth  ded 
publishing  it,  755;  oiforing  a  rewan 
the  arrest  of  Ethan  Allen  and  other  : 
era,  871. 

Punderson,  Rev.  Ebenezcr,  biograpl 
notice  of,  334;  succeeded  by  Mr.  A 
Ori  minister  of  Rye,  4i)U. 

Puritans  in  N.  Ncthcrland,  22. 

Putnam,  Israel,  journals  of  his  scouts  ar( 
lakes  George  and  Champlain,  204 
aeq.;  an  account  of  his  skirmisti  witi 
enemy,  272 ;  report  of  liis  scout  to  S 
bay,  270;  married  the  widow  Gardi 
400. 

,  Timothy,  report  of  liis  scout 

Lake  George,  266. 

Putney,  an  account  of  a  riot  in  the  tow 
768,  760. 


Q. 


Qnebeok,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  176; 

description  of,  in  1738,  240. 
Queens  county,  census  of,   in   1738,  187; 

names  of  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the 

militia  of,  200. 
Quince   trees  killed  by  tbo  frost  in  New 

York,  176. 


Quitrents,  an  innovation  upon  the  rigfa 
mankind,  for  whose  use  lands  were  i 
nally  given  by  Providence,  038;  ratej 
for  the  commutation  of  the,  due 
state  of  New  York,  045. 


:  .'•.  >l 


I  '-h'i 


Rafeix,  Rev.  Pierre,  202. 

Ragneneau,  Rev.  Paul,  201. 

Rand,  Jno.,  schooinia«ter  at  Rye,  408. 

Raritans,  some  of  the,  attacked,  11 ;  loca- 
tion of  the,  20 ;  mentioned,  102. 

Rattlesnake,  a  man  bit  by  a,  at  Red  Uook, 
48;  description  of  the,  123. 

Receiver-general  of  the  province  of  New 
York,  how  appointed,  181. 

Red  Hook,  Dutchess  county,  the  Esopus 
Indians  retire  to,  46;  are  attacked  and 
defeated  at,  47 ;  a  man  bit  by  a  rattle- 
snake at,  48. 

Reders,  reservations  in  the  townships  west  of 
Connecticut  river  for  members  of  the.New 
Hampshire  council,  called,  603. 

Reed,  Capt.  James,  report  of  his  scout  to 
Wood  creek,  271. 

Reid,  Col.,  8«ttlem«nt  of,  destroyed,  842, 


Religion,  the  Calvinist,  only  pnblidyl 
cised  in  New  Netherland;  all  othcrsf 
ever,  tolerated,  22. 

Remonstrance    against    erecting    flvl 
counties  in  the  northern  part  of  th^ 
ince  of  New  York,  and  praying 
erection  of  the  county  of  Colden 
west  side  of  Connecticut  river,  580| 

Renselaerwyok,  colonie  of,  5,  6; 
of,  sell  guns  to  the  Indians,  7 ; 
tion  of,  in  1644,  23. 

Report  of  the  attorney-general  of  Nd 
on  the  eastern  iwunds  of  that  p] 
537;  of  H.  M.  council  of  New^ 
the  dispute  between  that  provir 
New  Hampshire  respecting  bol 
550 ;  of  the  committee  of  the  coif 
New  York  on  the  petitions  for  the  | 
of  sundry  new  counties  in  tho 
park  ef  tkat  provinea,  (88;  tn 


IMtfl^X. 


1139 


,  York,  658  J  of  Oor.  WentwoTth, 
U  the  patont  to  the  Duke  of  York 
"rand   encouraging   the  granlce. 

New  lIaniH'i''«  *"   P'Jf*""'  T-     > 
.ctUcmenU    wet    of   Connectieul 

670  Tuov.  Wentworth  D..scr Uni? 
£  west  bound,  of  New  UanipHlurc 
^h  within    twenty    «n'l«»   "'   i" 
m  river,  lb.  -,  for  the  arrest  of  Jaines 
enrVdP  and  other,  for  obHtn.oUi.K 
vUion  of  the  Walluinschaek  paten 
rtHl-  reltcratng  the  right  of  JN«w 
U,  tie  lands  west  of  the  Connoo  .on 
750  •    Gov.    Wcntworth    declined 
shInK  It,  755;  offering  a  reward  lor 
Ct  of  EtbaJi  Allen  and  other  not- 

Si".   Key.    Ebenerer,    biograpblcal 

Hf,  334;  succeeded  by  Ur.  Avery 

iinlster  of  Rye,  40tf. 

n«  in  N.  Ncthcrland,  2i. 

m  Israel,  journals  of  his  scout*  aroniu 

«' George    and  Cha.npla in,    204,  et 

'    antiunt  of  hi.  skirmish  with  the 

t,.v  272;  report  of  his  scout  t«  South 

"^27«;  Carried  the  widow  Gardiner, 

1,  Timothy,  report  of  his  wont  near 
J;,SouMofariotlnthet.wnof, 
J,  759. 


ontj.  an  Innovation  upon  the  Tights  of 
SCforwbose  use  lands  w„eon^^^ 
llv  Blven  by  Providence,  93»  5  raienxro 
Ihe  commutation  of  the,  due  to  th. 
,te  of  New  York,  945. 


."■'■■'•■.'"'■ 
•  . ,    .  •■      '•'-•  -  •■'"   '    •  •.. 

fttw«r.a;««- 

rnst^re'tainst    erec«n«   f-  - 

r  oT  k^^YTr a"d^-;uwK 

Action  rf^be  county  of  Colden  on  th. 
"st  side  of  ConnecUout  nver,  58^ 
nselaerwyck,  "olonie  « .  5,  o ,  «• 
,f,  sell  guns  to  the  Indians,  < ,  "«»    f 

'""  A  Iheltto^e'y. general  of  New  Yort 
S^cS^lLweenthat^^^^^^^ 

New  York  on  the  P«\\»^'""?/"ho  northe"" 
of  sundry  new  coynt^"  »"  .*^  Z  o.t- 
part  ef  tkat  provin««,  »8».  «>  *"" 


ragM  of  the  i^'^infton  m'  to  Uie 
asaembly  of  N.         »i6». 

Richmond  oo.,  cen  .«  of,  in  t73ii,  188;  civil 
and  military  ofn''<:<ii  i>(,  2'W. 

lUng,  dcsoriptiou  uf  an  fMitionl  wouming, 
1088. 

Kiot,  iu  Cumberland  county,  particular,  of, 
Uu:i,  et  aeq.;  cause  of  the,  UlU,  U14,  U16. 

Robaud,  Rev.  Father,  Sir  Win.  Johniion 
make,  him  a  present  of  ten  |K)unds,  30:< ; 
letter  uf,  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  communi- 
cating the  opinions  of  the  Canadians  on 
the  conquest  of  Canada,  with  sundrv 
papers  as  to  the  necessity  of  the  English 
retaining  Canada,  •Sec,  .330. 

RoberUion,  James,  the  last  royal  governor 
of  N.  Y.,  a  proclamation  of,  calling  on 
the  people  to  return  to  their  allegiance, 
1085. 

Robinson,  Beverly,  Gen.  Putnam',  wife  in- 
terred in  the  vault  of,  400. 

',  Samuel,  and  others,  an-ested  by  the 

shorifF  of  Albany  for  liaving  dispossessed 
aundry  of  the  Jiosick  tenants,  576 ;  order 
ou  the  petition  to    the  king  from    thu 


Sackville,  Lord  Geo.,  talked  of  as  governor 
of  Mass.  in  lieu  of  Mr.  Darnard,  403. 

Siwera  Kill,  Indians  of,  friendly  to  the 
Dutch,  48. 

Sahonwadi,  Paulus,  a  Mohawk  schoolmas- 
ter, 508. 

St.  Clair,  Gen.  advises  the  people  of  Dur- 
ham to  remain  on  their  lands,  956. 

St.  John,  the  Green  Mountain  boys  seize  a 
vessel  and  destroy  a  nnmber  of  craft  at, 
919. 

St.  Lawrence,  source  of  the  river,  173. 

St.  Sacrament  Lake,  173. 

Salter,  Rev.  Richard,  319. 

Salt  Springs  in  the  Onondaga  country,  174. 

Sandy  Hook,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  176. 

Sanhikans,  the,  115. 

Saugerties,  77. 

Sawmills  in  N.  Ncthcrland,  5. 

Schcncetndy,  fort  at,  180;  churchwardens 
of  the  Episcopal  church  at,  petition  for  a 
charter,  !<fi2 ;  the  charter  for  the  church 
of,  granted,  371  ;  Rev.  Wm.  Hanna 
settles  as  a  lawyer  at,  373;  the  Rev. 
Alex'r  Murray  invited  to  be  minister  of, 
383  ;  church  of,  nearly  finished,  387  ; 
money  collected  at  fort  Stanwix  for  the 
completion  of  the  Episcopal  church  at, 
399 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Murray  declines  to  take 
charge  of  the  Episcopal  church  at,  405, 
406;  recommended  to  form  one  pnrisii 
with  Albany,  419;  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews 
minister  at,  438;  Rev.  David  Griffith  in- 
vited to  take  charge  of  the  Episcopal 
church  at,  440;  Mr.  Wm.  Hanna  of.  de- 
sires to  take  orders  in  the  church  of  Eng- 
land, 446;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  visits  a 
■pring  baok  of,  461,  465;    a  grammar 


grantee,  nnder  New  Hampshire  presented 
by,  689 ;  Gov.  Moore's  answer  t<»  the  pe- 
tition of,  590;  in  what  capacity  he  served 
during  the  French  war,  60 1;  petition  of, 
to  the  king,  1027. 

Rochester,  (Ulster  co.,)  names  of  the  mili- 
tia men  of,  235. 

Rockingham,  names  of  those  in,*  who  signed 
the  petition  to  be  annexed  to  New  Hamp- 
shire, 075. 

Rogers,  Capt.  Robert,  journals  of  hi.  scout- 
ing eXi>editions  in  the  vicinity  of  lake. 
Geouo  and  Champlain,  259,  et  scq. ;  ac- 
count of  his  skirniiHh  with  the  enomy't 
advanced  guard,  272 ;  report  of  his  scout* 
to  Crown  Point,  284,  285. 

,  liieut.  Uichard,  reiwrt  of  his  scout 

to  Crown  Point,  281. 

Rondout,  41. 

Roose,  Albert  Hoymans,  guilty  of  inmlenoo, 
50;  the  daughter  of,  a  prisoner  among 
the  Indians,  93. 

Rossitcr,  Rev.  Asher,  319. 

,  Rev.  Ebenozer,  318. 

Rye,  notice  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Aveiy  of,  409> 


,.;•!•. 


school  opened  in,  466;  grammar  Mbool 
of,  changed  into  an  academy,  470;  one 
of  the  poorest  missions  on  the  continent, 
ib.  ;  Rev.  Wm.  Andrews  leaves  the 
church  of,  493  ;  and  is  succeeded  by 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Doty,  ib. ;  the  church- 
wardens of,  present  an  address  to  the  Soo. 
for  Prop,  the  gospel,  502;  Rev.  Wm. 
Payn  Episcopal  minister  of,  503 ;  the  mail 
sent  for  the  first  time  to,  1059. 

School,  free,  at  Johnstown,  list  of  the 
s.cholars  at  the,  416 ;  at  the  Mohawk,  at 
Fort  Hunter,  417;  a  grammar,  opened  in 
Schenectady,  466. 

Schouts  bay,  L.  I.,  15,  28. 

Schuyler,  sheriff  Harry,  letter  of,  to  Lt. 
Gov.  Colden,  informing  him  that  be  had 
arrested  several  persons  belonging  to  New 
Hampshire,  575. 

,  Stephen,  report  of  his  scout  to  South 

bay,  279. 

Scott,  General,  (John  Morin,)  candidate  for 
Lt.Gov.  ofN.  Y.,  942. 

Scouts  bay.  (see  Schouts  bay.) 

Scovil,  Rev.  James,  614. 

Seasons  of  N.  Netherland,  3;  in  the  Prov. 
of  Now  York,  influenced  by  the  settlement 
of  the  country,  175. 

Secretary  of  the  province  of  New  York,  how 
appointed,  181. 

Senccas,  Lt.  (Jov.  Clarke  endeavors  to  build 
a  fort  in  the  country  of  the,  180 ;  strength 
of  the,  in  1770,  427;  have  several  sym- 
bols, 433. 

Septennial  act,  the  N.  York,  whqn  passed, 
256. 

Sheep  scarce  in  N.  Netherland,  32. 

Shelburne,  Lord,  directs  that  persons  haTbig 


i 


, 


in 

■it 


m\ 


r    i. 


**.  ! 


&»^' 


lUO 


INDEX. 


I     Yuliil  lUodi  under  New  Ilninpihiru  fhall 
.     nut  lit!  (lixturbfd,  &8U;  Oov.  Muore's  ati- 
Hwcr  to.  M*0. 

8hurillH  itf  tlio  provlnco  of  N.  York,  whem^i 
I'liinini.HHiniii'il,   IHI. 

ShiiokbnrKli,  Dr.,  '.iW. 

8llvo«Ur,  Mr.,  u  lawyer  itt  Albuny,  .3, 
;J74        • 

Sm»,  Cftpt.  William,  report  of  his  Hcoiit 
iiviir  l.nkc  Ooorgc,  208, 

.^inlinck,  21). 

f<lx  NiitioiiH,  papers  rrUtlriR  to  the  clvill/n- 
tion  (if  the,  28t);  niimericnl  olnipKth  of 
the,  in  1770,  428.   (nee  Indiann;  InifliH.) 

Skeiir^lmruiiifh,  (M'titiun  to  erect,  into  a 
I'liiint.y  t>nTn,  818;  names  of  the  inhabit- 
ants of,  820. 

Smith,  Itev.  rhiirlrn  .Jeffrey,  notice  of,  .122 ; 
auqiiaiiitH  Sir  W'm.  .Tohntinn  of  his  ilesif^ 
t-o  vinit  the  Mohawk  country,  325 ;  sent  by 
Dr.  Whcelock  to  iJen.  Amherst  with  pro- 
]K)sals  for  ciKliiwint;  his  Tndian  school  with 
four  trai^ts  of  land  on  the  tSiisquehanna 
river,  .H21t;  iirocceds  to  .New  York  to  pro- 

.  pftre  for  his  mission  to  the  Mohawk  coun- 
try, ;i;tOj  proposes  to  remove  Hr.  Whee- 
look's  school  to  the  Konthern  fjovomnKiiits, 
.167. 

,  Rev.  Wm.,  P.T>,  letforof  Sir  Wm. 

Johnson  to,   401;    biog.  note  on,   403; 
mentioned,  40(1.  408. 

Sooialborough,  petition  to  make,  tho  capitnl 
of  Charlotte  county,  773;  population  of, 
774;  names  of  the  inhabitants  of,  820; 
Bettlera  of,  ejected  by  tho  Beuniugtun 
mob,  830. 

Society  for  the  promotion  of  the  arts  in  New 
York,  circular  of  the,  .144;  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson's  letter  to  tho,  34R,  348;  for 
propagating  the  gospel,  Sir  Henry  Moore's 
answer  to  the  petition  of  the,  A05 ;  order 
in  council  on  the  petition  of  the,  A09. 

Sorcl,  Rer.  Mr.  Doty  performs  the  Episco- 
pal service  in  the  Catholic  church  of, 
493. 

South  bay,  Capt.  Putnam's  scout  to,  279. 

river,  the,  21,  22. 

Spring,  a  mineral,  back  of  Schenectady, 
461,  4«5. 

Stants,  Abraham,  arrives  at  the  Esopus,  92. 

Stanwix,  fort,  memorial  of  Dr.  Wheelook  to 
commissioners  at  the  treaty  of,  388; 
Messrs.  Johnson  and  Avery,  N.  E.  Mis- 
sionaries at,  request  that  tho  Tndians  may 
be  prevented  disposing  of  their  lands,  390 ; 
papers  relating:  to  tho  erection  of,  521. 

,   Qcn.,   instructions  of  Gen.  Ahcr- 

crombie  to,  relative  to  building  a  fort  at 
the  Oneida  oarying  place,  524. 


Htarkn,  ItriK.  Qon.,  complained  of  to  oon 

gruss  by  (fov.  Clinton,  972. 

Htntin  Island,  Indian  plantutionc  on,  lal 
waste  liy  the  I>utch,  14.  (ne  Richmond, 

Sterling,  petition  for  the  erection  of  a  nei 
county  on  the  west  side  of  Connectiou 
river  to  b«  called,  578. 

Stilwcl,  Lieut.,  arrives  at  tho  Esonus,  47 
accompanies  an  expedition  against  th 
I<'sopus  Indians,  63;  despatched  to  sur 
prise  tlio  foCl,  54;  accompanies  anothe 
expedition  airainst  the  Indians,  71 1  re 
turns  to  the  Manhatans,  74. 

Stonearaby,  tlio  Lutheran  minister  of,  an 
his  congregation  disposed  to  join  th 
Episcopal  church,  444,  445,  450,  455. 

8t<inington,  cli-rgy  of,  318,  319. 

Stuart,  Rev.  John,  424,  425;  arrives  b 
Fort  Johnson,  428;  much  esteemed,  438 
441,  414;  visits  New  York,  4«5;  men 
tioned,  473;  sometimes  visits  Canajoharit 
482;  visits  Pennsylvania,  490;  memoir  o 
the,  505. 

Stuyvf.sani',  Gov.,  who,  107;  his  obanui 
tcr,  108;  takes  sides  with  Kiefl),  109 
condemns  Kuytor  and  Melyn,  110. 

Suffolk  county,  census  of,  in  1738,  187 
names  of  the  freeholders  of,  in  1738,  20( 

Sulphur.  Inrgo  quantities  of,  in  tho  Onon 
daga  country,  174. 

Suniicrlnrd,  names  of  tho  inhabitants  o 
the  tov  nship  of,  686. 

Surveyor -general  of  the  province  of  Nc 
York,  how  appointed    181;  observatioi 
of,  oil  the   attovni'V -general's   report 
the  ciwt  bounds  of  the  jirovince,  546 

Susqueliannnh  river,   course  of  tho, 
somo  of  the  New  England  people  prnpo 
settling  on  the,  31 5;  the  Indians  dei ' 
thf ir  great  aversion  to  the  New  Fngl 
settlement  proposed    on    the,   321 
Wheelock  proposes  that  fo^ir  tov nslii)- 
granted  on  tho,  for  his  Indian  school.  32 
lands,  Col.  Dyer  applies  to  the  jren 
assembly  of  Connecticut  for  a  deed 
the,  402. 

fjwannekins,   the  Dutch  so  called  by 
Indians,  101. 

Swartwout,  Roelof,  sheriff  at  the  Esopi 
66,  70,  76;  dismissed  from  his  office 
sheriff,  96. 

Swedes,  settlement  of  the,  on  the  So) 
river,  22. 

Swits,  Claes  Cornells,  murdered  by  the 
dians,  8. 

Syms,  Capt.  Williams,  report  of  his  sc 
near  Lake  George,  267. 


17: 


r\a 


T. 


Taplin,  John,  report  of  his  scout  near  South 

bay,  266. 
Tappanders,  102. 
Teedyuscnng,  Rev.  D.  Zisberper  carries  a 

lettejr  to  AVyomiog  frvm  Sit  Wm.  Johuaon 

to,  310. 


Tckaghwcangaraneghton,  a  mountidn 
of  Lake  George,  278. 

Ten  Rrocck,  Hon.  A.,  letter  of  the,  tr 
mitting  to  tho  president  of  congress  a  i 
lution  of  the  committee  of  safetgr  of 


*  4. 


1$ 


IIIDEX. 


1141 


\g.  Oon.,  compWned  of  to  oon- 

(fov.  ninlon,  «72. 

m.l,  Indian  pUnUtlont  on,  1M<I 

the  imich,  14.  (Kt  RichvuMd.) 

ctHlon  f<>r  the  erection  of  a  new 

m  the  went  «ido  of  Connectioul 

j«  called,  578.       ,     „ 

eut.,  arrives  at  the  ¥.»oyn»,  47  j 

nioH   iin    expedition   against   the 

Indians,  b:\\  donpntchod  to  sur- 

0  ton,  04;   acconipiinies  another 

on  nifftlnst  the  Indians,  71;  ro- 

thc  Manhfttans,  74. 

f,  the  Lutheran  minister  of,  and 

itrcBiition    disposed    to  join    tho 

il  church,  444,  445,  450,  455. 

1,  cLirgyof,  318,  :il9. 

lev.   John,  424,   425;    Rrr'vcs  at 

hnson,  42H;  much  esteemed,  4.18, 

14;  visits  New  York,  4(15;  men- 

473 ;  sometimes  visits  Canajohnrio, 

lits  Pennsylvania,  496;  memoir  of 

^-fi,  Gov.,  who,  i"j;;^!%°^'''!;S- 

18;  takes  sides  with  Kicfb,   109; 

ns  Kuylor  and  Melyn,  110. 
4,unty,   eenKiic  of.   in    17.<8,  TH7; 
of  the  freeholders  of.  In  17J8,  200. 

VirRo  quantities  of,  in  tho  Onon- 

mnlry,  174.  ,..,..     r 

1(1,   names  of  the  InhabltanU  of 
unship  of,  58«. 

•-Kcnoral  of  the  province  of  New 
how  appo«"»'^'l  13''  observations 
the  attonu'V-Btncval's  report  on 
St  bounds  of  the  jOTvince,  54«. 
ivnnnh  river,  course  of  the,  17.1; 
)f  the  New  England  people  prnpofo 
IB  on  the,  31  i;  the  Indians  declare 
Treat  aversion  to  the  New  Fngb.nd 
nent  proposed  on  the,  321;  Dr. 
ock  proposes  that  fu^-r  t'.^;•p>\l^r  Vo 
>d  on  the,  for  his  Indian  school.  .UH; 
Col.  Dyer  applies  to  the  (reticral 
bly  of  Connecticut  for  a  deed  of 

kins,   the  Dutch  so  called  by  the 
ns,  101.  ,     _ 

out,  Roelof,  sheriff  at  the  Esopus, 
0,  76;  dismissed  from  his  office  of 
FT  96 
, 'settlement  of  the,  on  the  South 

22, 
Claes  Cornells,  murdered  by  the  In- 

'capt.  Williams,  report  of  his  scout 
Lake  George,  267. 


hwcangaraneghton,  a  mountain  vfert 
jake  George,  278. 

rocck,  Hon.  A.,  letter  of  the,  trans- 
linc  to  tho  president  of  congress  a  rcso- 
on  of  the  committee  of  safety  of  We« 


York,  e38|  report!  tho  state  of  the  pabllo 

affairs,  932. 
Tenondorogu,  274.  (see  Ticondero/fa.) 
Testament,   New,   part  of   the,    translated 

into  the  Mohawk  tongue,  505,  5UH. 
Thatcher,   Partridge,  renominemied  by  tho 

clergy  of  Connootiuut  aa  tho  first  governor 

of  the  New  Hampshire  grants,  614. 
Thay-cn-de-nca-ga.   (see  Hrant.) 
Thcrinoniutor,  ranges  of  the,  in  the  Prov. 

of  New  VTork,  175. 
Thodoy,    Mich'l,  roporl  of  his  scout  near 

South  bay  and  wood  creek,  277. 
Thompson,   8erj't,  ru|Mirt  of  his  scout  on 

Lake  <}eorgc,  279. 
Throop,  llev.  Bonj.,  319. 
Tlnnarago,  270. 
Tianderrogoo,  202. 
Tiandrogo,  2rt.'),  270. 
Tiantiroga,  28.").   (sec  Ticonderof^a.) 
Ticonderogft,  rojiorts  of  miouts  to,  278,  281 ; 

seised  by  tho  (trcen  Mountain  boys,  919. 

(800  Atiandcronue;  Thnderoge;  Tion- 

auroque;  Tycniiderogue.) 
Ticrandoquat,  a  fort  proposed  to  be  built 

at,  180. 
Tiondorogc,  205. 
Tiondorogo,  Capt.  Dnolittle's  scout  to,  270; 

Ci'pl.  Aiigell's  scout  to,  274;  mentioned, 

281. 
Tioudmrnquo,  journal  of  a  party  sent  to  re- 

ivwnoitre  tho  French  encampment  at,  260. 
Tiy  ndaroga,  278. 
T{>  idaroge,  the  distance  from  Crown  Point 

'to,  287. 
Townships,  lands  in  the  province  of  New 

York  to  be  settled  in,  1052.  I 


Transit  uT  Venus,  preparations  to  observ* 
the,  in  Amcrioa,  407,  4(iH. 

Triennial  bill,  history  of  the,  244;  veto  of 
tho,  255. 

Trinity  ohuruh,  New  York,  Jamis  buana 
council  for,  1006;  pro^Mirty  of,  seised  and 
restored,  1077. 

TuYoN,  Gov.,  Hev.  Charles  I ngl is' character 
of,  45H;  Kthan  Allun'M  pun  on  the  name 
of,  704 ;  addresses  a  letter  to  the  peopiv 
of  Heiinlngton  remonstrating  against  their 
violent  conduct,  778  ;  urges  on  liord 
llillsboro'  the  nncessity  of  a  s[)ccdy  set- 
tiement  of  the  dittlcultlcs  respecting  tho 
Now  Hampshire  grants,  797;  despatch 
of,  to  Lord  i'artiiiouth  stating  thu  im> 
praoticahllity  of  tli<!  nlan  recommended  bv, 
i'nr  the  settlement  oi  thuiliflloulties  on  tho 
New  Hampshire  grknts,  H.'ll ;  (see  Hoard 
of  Trade;  Dartmouth,  Ijord;)  inlormod 
that  thu  king  disnpprovoM  of  his  requisi- 
tion  to  call  out  tlio  tr(M)ps  against  tho 
Now  ilampshiro  rioters,  858;  proclama-  • 
tion  of,  offering  a  reward  for  the  unrest 
of  Ethan  Allen  and  other  rioters,  871; 
called  to  England  to  give  intormation  ro> 
specting  the  disputes  about  thu  Now 
liaropstiire  grants,  8K5. 

Tnsaarura«  Edward  Johnson 's  school  at, 
310;  strength  In  1770,  of  the  Indians  at, 
427. 

Twelve  men,  elected  by  the  Dutch,  i-esolve 
on  war  against  the  Indians,  9 ;  and  urga    • 
Director  Kioft  to  attack  tho  Indians,  10. 

Tyconderogue,  264. 

Tyler,  Rev.  Jno.,  614. 

Type  foundry,  none  in  New-York,  334. 


u. 


Ulster  conntv,  cemns  of,  in  1738,  185; 
names  of  the  ofRcers  and  soldiers  of  the 
militia  of,  in  1738,  226;  et  seq.;  obser- 
vations on  the  circumstances  and  condition 
of  the  people  of,  censured  by  the  house  of 
assembly  of  N.  Y.,  327. 


Underbill,  Sergeant  major,  employed  by 
the  Dutch  against  the  Indians,  15;  at- 
tacks the  Indians  at  Hempstead,  L.  I., 
16 ;  proceeds  against  the  Indians  of  West- 
chester county,  lb.,  17;  sent  to  Hemp« 
stead  against  the  Indians,  105. 


V. 


Vaillant,  Rev.,  Frs.,  de  Gueslls,  293. 

Van  Baal,  Jan  Hendricksen,  91. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Pierre,  president  of  the  New 
York  pronncial  congress,  complains  that 
a  faction  in  the  N.  E.  part  of  the  state 
are  countenanced  in  their  designs  by  cer- 
tain members  of  congress,  941. 

Van  Couwenhoven,  lAexxt  Pieter  Wolfertsen, 
proceeds  with  his  company  to  tho  Esopns, 
47;  accompanies  an  expedition  to  Red 
Hook  against  Indians,  ib. ;  goes  with  an 
expedition  ngainit  tho  Esopns  Indians, 
5.S;  sent  to  snrprisc  tho  fort,  .54;  returns 
to  the  Miinli;i,tt:iii.^,  .■)7;  threatened  at 
tire  Danskanrcr  by  tho  Indians,  rf5 ;  ttr* 


rires  at  the  Esopns,  64;  instruction  to, 
65 ;  returns  to  the  Wapplngers,  66 ;  fur- 
ther instructions  to,  67;  returns  to  the 
Esopus,  68;  accompanies  another  expe- 
dition against  the  Esopus  Indians,  71 ; 
returns  to  the  Manhatans,  74;  brings 
some  Marseplng  Indians  to  the  Esopns, 
78 ;  returns  to  tho  Manhatans,  82 ;  con- 
cludes a  truce  with  the  Esopus  Indians, 
89. 

Van  der  Donk,  AdriacUj  his  account  of  the 
beaver,  120. 

Van  der  Hyl.  (see  Underhill.) 

Van  I>yck,  Ensign  ilendrick,  appointed  to 
lead  a  parjiy  i^nst  fhe  Indians)  9 ;  dc- 


1      (-1 


'if   •  !    J I 


1H2 


INDEX. 


<',fi 


1         (     '•ll       »     . 


f    .1 


f   ■ 


oompaniea   an   expedition    against   the 

Wc8t<;hestcr  Indiana,  16. 
Van  Noderhorst,  M.,  servant  of,  killed  by 

the  Indians,  102. 
Van  ilenselaer,  patroon  of  Renselaerwyok, 

2r>. 

Van  Ruyvcn,  secretary,  arrives  at  the  Eso- 
pus,  5*7. 

Van  Tienhoven,  secretary,  information  re- 
specting the  wild  lands  in  New  Netherland 
'  furnished  by,  25;  draws  up  a  petition 
asl<ing  permission  to  attack  the  Indians, 
1  (12 ;  authorizes  an  attack  on  the  Indians, 
103. 

Venus,  transit  of,  preparations  in  America 
to  observe  the,  407,  408. 

Vermont,  controversy  botween  New  York 
and  New  Hampshire  respecting  the  terri- 
tory, now  the  state  of,  529;  brief  consid- 
;  orations  on  the  independence  of,  933 ;  the 
name  of  the  state  of  New  Connecticut 
changed  into,  042;  resolutions  of  the 
>'ew  York  committee  of  safety  on  hearing 
of  the  ctVorts  at  independence  mode  by, 
U43;  the  continental  congress  discounte- 
nances the  projects  of,  O'l^;  application 
of,  to  be  acknowledged  by  congress  dis- 
missed, 045;  the  seveml  towns  in  Cum - 

•  berland  county  apply  to  Gov.  Clinton  for 


protection  against  the  pretended  atat 
957;  particulars  of  the  oppressions 
endure  from,  958,  et  scq. ;  the  stat 
orders  the. arrest  of  sundry  officers  of  ( 
berland  county,  965;  a  committei 
congress  sent  to,  968 ;  names  of  the  ( 
mittee  sent  by  congress  to,  970 
unwilling  to  be  under  New  York 
America  is  to  be  subject  to  tireat  Bri 
980 ;  is  willing  to  submit  the  differc 
with  Now  York  to  congress,  981 ;  att( 
to  annex  Washington  county  and  pari 
Rensselaer  and  Saratoga  to,  1004;  sei 
persons  arrested  for  adhering  to,  1 
Now  York  resolves  to  provide  for 
suflerers  under,  1010;  list  of  the  suft'i 
under  1017,  1022;  tracts  of  land  gra 
to  the  sufferers  under,  1018;  settlei 
of  the  difficulties  between  New  York 
1023;  distribution  of  the  $30,000.  pa 
New  York  by,  1 024 ;  list  of  works  t 
consulted  on  the  difficulties  with,  102i 
Vines  grow  wild  in  New  Netherland,  1 1 
Virginia,  Rev.  David  Griffith  elected  bi 
of,  440 ;  legal  provision  for  the  elerg; 
495 ;  mode  of  presentation  to  the  chur 
of,  496. 
Vriesland,  Gov.  Stuy  vesent  originally  fi 
107. 


w. 


Waldenses  sent  to  New  Netherland,  131. 

Wallkill,  names  of  the  officers  and  soldiers 
of  the  militia  of,  in  1738,  232. 

Wallnmscback  patent,  James  Breakenridge 
an*  others  ordered  to  be  arrested  for  ob- 
structing the  division  of  the,  615,661; 
affitbivit  of  Breakenridge  and  Robinson 
explaining  their  conduct  on  this  occasion, 
(')I7;  further  riot  and  opposition  to  the 
civil  authority  at,  724,  732,  et  seq. 

Wampum,  28,  128;  belts  of,  used  as  records 
of  public  transactions  by  the  Indians,  434. 

Wappeiias,  the,  102. 

Wappingers,  the,  plunder  a  boat  coming 
from  Fort  Orange,  12;  some  of  the,  killed 
in  an  attack  on  the  Westchester  Indians, 
17;  aid  the  Ksopus  Indians,  46;  co-ope- 
mte  with  tho  Esopns  Indians,  63 ;  a 
saohcm  of  the,  visits  Wildwyck,  90 ;  and 
proraisL's  to  procure  tho  release  of  the 
christians  in  the  hands  of  the  Esopus 
Indians,  93. 

Warner,  Seth,  order  of  council  to  arrest, 
720 ;  mentioned,  848,  860 ;  appointed  Lt. 
Col.  of  the  (ireen  Mountain  Iwys,  by  the 
New  York  provinciiil  congress,  920;  ot- 
teiids  a  eonvontiiin  sit  Dorset  for  the  pur- 
pose of  forming  tho  New  Ilauiiwhire 
grants  into  a  sopiirato  district,  921 ;  re- 
monstrance against  congress  authorizing, 
to  raise  a  regiment  independent  of  New 
Vurk,  024 ;  fiiils  in  raising  a  regiment, 
032;  the  state  of  New  York  protests 
against  tho  continental  oongrcss  appoint- 


ing, colonel  of  a  regiment  to  be  raise 
its  territory,  926,  928;  and  demand: 
recall  of  the  commission  to,  929 ; 
of  congress  for  forming  the  corps 
manded  by,  945 

Warren,  Sir  Peter,  leaves  a  legacy  foi 
educatien  of  youth  of  the  Six  Nat 
306,  314;  description  of  the  monumc 
Westminster  Abbey  erected  to  the  mc 
of,  479 

Washington,  Col.,  reported  tobesurroii 
by  the  French  and  Indians  at  Winch 
302;  mentioned,  374;  Gen.,  is  info 
by  Gov.  Clinton  of  the  outrage  com 
on  the  friends  of  New  York  by  the 
tended  state  of  Vermont,  975; 
mention  of,  1076,  1078,  1081. 

county,  sundry  towns  of,  ngr 


fu 


unite  with  Vermont,  1004;  submit 
to  the  state  of  New  York,  1007, 
1010. 

Waterbury,   Lieut.    David,   report 
scout  on  Lake  Champlain,  280. 

Water  communications  of  the  provin 
New  York,  Cadwallader  Coldon's 
rations  on  the,  169,  173. 

Water  fowls  of  New  Netherland,  123. 

Watkins,  Rev.  Hezekiah,  publishes 
vations  on  the  circumstances  Ac, 
people  of  Ulster  and  Orange,  for  wh 
is  arrested  and  reprimanded  by  the 
of  assembly  of  N.  Y.,  327. 

Webb,  Gen.,  burns  Fort  Craven,  525 

Well8>  Judge  Samuel,  complaint 


# 


otion  against  the  pretended  state  of, 

particulars  of  the  oppressions  they 

re  from,  958,  et  acq, ,-  the  state  of, 

s  the.  arrest  of  sundry  officers  of  Cuni- 

nd  county,    U85;    a    committee  of 

'ess  sent  to,  968 ;  names  of  the  com- 

e    sent   by    congress    to,    970  ;    as 

lling  to   be    under    New  York,   as 

rica  is  to  be  subject  to  (ireat  Britain, 

is  willing  to  submit  the  differences 

Now  York  to  congress,  981 ;  attempt 

nex  Washington  county  and  parts  of 

aolaer  and  Saratoga  to,  1004;  several 

>ns  arrested  for  adhering  to,   IdOti; 

York    resolves   to   provide   for  the 

rers  under,  1010;  list  of  the  sufferers 

ir  1017,  1022;  tracts  of  land  granted 

le  sufferers  under,  1018;  settlement 

le  difficulties  between  New  York  and, 

;  distribution  of  the  $30,000.  paid  to 

York  by,  1024;  list  of  works  to  lu 

ulted  on  the  difficulties  with,  1025. 

grow  wild  in  New  Netherland,  116. 

ia.  Rev.  David  Griffith  elected  bishop 

140 ;  legal  provision  for  the  clergy  of, 

;  mode  of  presentation  to  the  churches 

196. 

ind,  Gov.  Stuy  vesent  originally  from, 


,  colonel  of  a  regiment  to  be  raised  in 
territory,  926,  928;  and  demands  the 
ill  of  the  commission  to,  929 ;  reasons 
congress  for  forming  the  corps  com- 
nded  by,  945. 

;n,  Sir  Peter,  leaves  a  legacy  for  the 
icatien  of  youth  of  the  Six  Nations, 
,  314;  description  of  the  monument  in 
strainster  Abbey  erected  to  the  memory 
479. 

ington.  Col.,  reported  to  be  surrounded 
the  French  and  Indians  at  Winchester, 
I;  mentioned,  374;  Gen.,  is  informed 
Gov.  Clinton  of  the  outrage  committed 
the  friends  of  New  York  by  the  pre- 
ded  state  of  Vermont,  976;  further 
ntion  of,  1075,  1078,  1081. 
—  county,  sundry  towns  of,  agree  to 
ite  with  Vermont,  1004;  submit  again 
the  state  of  New  York,  1007,  1009, 
10. 

rbury,   Lieut.    David,  report   of  his 
ut  on  Lake  Champlain,  280. 
r  communications  of  the  province  of 
w  York,  Cadwallader  Coldon"s  obser- 
tions  on  the,  169,  17.S. 
ir  fowls  of  New  Netherland,  123. 
(ins,  Rev.   Hezekiah,  publishes  oliscr- 
tions  on  the  circumstances  Ac,  of  the 
)ple  of  Ulster  and  Orange,  for  which  ho 
wrested  and  reprimanded  by  the  house 
assembly  of  N.  Y.,  .327. 
b.  Gen.,  bums  Fort  Craven,  525. 
B>  Judge  Samuel,  complaint  agsion) 


IVDSX. 


1143 


021,  et  seq.;  report  on  the  complaint 
agatnst,  645;  informs  the  attorney-gen- 
eral of  New  York  that  the  governor  of 
New  Ilampshire  has  authorized  an  explo- 
ration of  the  head  waters  of  the  Conneo- 
ticut  river,  721. 
Wentworth,  Gov.  Bennine,  offers  Dr. 
Wheelock  a  tract  of  land  In  the  western 
part  of  New  Hampshire  for  au  Indian 
school,  324;  notifies  Gov.  Clinton  that 
be  is  authorized  to  grant  lands  within  his 
government,  and  transmits  a  description 
ol'  Now  Ilampshire  bounds,  531;  ia  in- 
formed that  New  York  is  bounded  east- 
ward by  the  Connecticut  river,  533 ;  issues 
a  patent  for  the  township  of  Bennington, 
ib. ;  wishes  to  be  informed  why  Connecti- 
cut and  Massachusetts  claim  so  far  west- 
ward, and  promises  to  desist  from  making 
any  further  grants  that  may  interf«r« 
with  New  York,  534;  declines  entering 
into  any  dispute  with  Gov.  Clinton  whom 
ho  notifies  of  his  intention  to  submit  the 
matter  to  the  king,  535;  is  invited  by 
Gov.  C,  to  exchange  representations, 
536;  which  is  agreed  to  by,  537;  the 
board  of  trade  communicate  to  the  agent 
of  the  province  of  New  York  the  proposal 
to  run  a  line  between  New  York  and 
Now  Hampshire  sent  by,  548 ;  claims  the 
western  boundary  of  New  Hampshire  to 
be  within  twenty  miles  of  the  Hudson's 
river,  549 ;  issues  a  proclamation  assert- 
ing the  right  of  New  Hampshire  to 
that  boundary,  570  ;  declaring  the 
patent  to  tlie  Duke  of  York  obsolete, 
and  encouraging  the  grantees  under 
New  Hampshire  to  proceed  with  their 
settlements  west  of  the  Connecticut 
river,  570 ;  complains  to  the  Gov.  of  New 
York  that  the  sheriff  of  Albany  had 
an-estcd  several  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
town  of  Pownel,  576 ;  reserves  to  himself 
a  farm  of  five  hundred  acres  in  each  town- 
ship west  of  Connecticut  river,  602,  603. 

— — ,  Gov.  .lohn,  complains  to  Lt.  Gov. 
Golden  of  Judge  Wells,  621 ;  memorial 
of,  624;  report  of  the  committee  of  the 
council  on  the  complaints  of,  645;  the 
Gov.  of  New  York  writes  to,  respecting 
his  ex  parte  exploration  of  the  Connecti- 
cut river,  and  remonstrating  against  the 
disorderly  behaviour  of  the  grantees  under 
New  Hampshire,  731;  answer  of,  deemed 
unsatisfactory,  748;  declines  publishing 
Gov.  Tryon"s  proclamation,  755;  applies 
to  Gov.  Tryon  for  a  grant  of  land  for  Mr. 
B.  Wentworth,  769. 

Westchester,  an  account  of  an  expedition 
against  the  Indians  of,  16;  description  of 
the  wild  lands  in,  29 ;  Catherine  Harrison 
')f,  complained  of  for  witchcraft,  136. 

Western  New  York,  soil  of,  similar  to  that 
of  the  Mohawk  country,  175. 

West  India  comitany,  the,  erects  forts  in  N. 
Netherland,  5. 

Westminster,  names  of  those  in,  who  signed 
a  petition  to  the  king  to  he  annexed  to 
New  Hampihire,   676;   particulars  of   a 


riot  at,  903,  004,  e^  $tq,i  several  of  tho 
New  Hampshire  grants  iluelaru  theniHolvcs 
independent  of  Now  York  at.  Will;  tho 
conventiou  held  at,  for  deularlnu;  tho  New 
Hampshire  grants  an  ii)de)iuu(ieut  statu, 
very  thinly  attended,  932,  936 ;  proceed- 
ings of  the  committee  of,  948. 

Weymau,  Wm.,  biographical  uicuiuir  of, 
327 ;  letters  of,  to  tho  Hev.  Dr.  Barclay 
respecting  the  printing  of  tho  Indian 
prayer-book,  826,  334;  interrupted  in 
printing  the  Indian  prayer-book,  310  j 
transmits  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  remaining 
portion  of  Dr.  Barulay's  MS.  uf  the  Indian 
prayer-book  for  correction,  343;  recom- 
mends Rev.  Mr.  Qgilvio  to  superintend 
the  printing  of  the  Indian  pnvyer-book, 
364;  deceased,  384. 

Wharton,  Samuel,  biographical  notioo  of, 
474. 

Wheelock,  Rev.  Eleazer,  Sir  Wni.  Johnson 
approves  his  design  of  educating  Indian 
boys,  305 ;  the  Scotch  couunUsiuners  niako 
arrangements  for  tho  education  of  some 
Indian  children'  by,  306 ;  proposus  to  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson  to  remove  his  Indian  suhool 
near  him,  313,  315;  meuiorializcs  for  a 
grant  of  Sir  Peter  AVarren's  legacy,  314; 
is  opposed  by  tho  Svotuh  eoiumbsiuiiers  at 
Boston,  ib. ;  requests  Sir  AVm.  Johnson 
to  write  to  Gov.  Uernard  in  favor  of  his 
school,  315;  letter  of  certain  clergy  in 
favor  of  tho  Indian  school  of,  317;  Sir 
AVm.  Johnson  is  of  opinion  that  tho 
Indians  will  not  improve  so  niuoh  in 
schools  erected  among  then\  us  at  tho 
school  of,  320 ;  tho  Indiana  averse  to  tho 
settlement  on  the  Susquehanna  river  i>ro- 
posed  by  the  321;  is  offered  a  tract  of 
land  in  Mow  Hampshire  or  in  Massachu- 
setts for  his  Indian  school,  324;  letter  of, 
to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  eomtnunioatlng  Mr." 
J.  C.  Smith's  plan  for  tho  ehristiantiting 
tho  Indians,  322;  proposes  to  Gen.  Am- 
herst the  propriety  of  endowing  his  Indian 
school  with  four  townships  on  the  Sus- 
quehanna river,  328 ;  is  rcfferred  to  Eng- 
land, 332;  applies  to  Sir  Wni.  .Johnson 
for  more  Indian  scholars,  341 ;  thanks  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson  for  his  kindness  to  Mr. 
Kirtland,  350;  tho  Countess  of  Hunting- 
ton expresses  much  interest  for  tl\o  Indian 
school  of,  351  ;  address  of,  to  the  Mo- 
hawk, Oneida  and  other  Indians,  352; 
intends  to  send  OooouA  to  England  to 
obtain  assistance  for  his  Indian  school, 
357;  writes  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  in  behalf 
of  some  Narragansott  Indians,  360;  tho 
mayor  of  Albany  expresses  himself  In 
favor  of  tho  plan  of,  for  ohrlstianizing  tho 
Indians,  364;  consults  Sir  Win.  John.ion 
as  to  a  proper  site  for  his  school,  367 ;  tho 
corporation  of  Albany  endeavor  to  induoo 
him  to  remove  his  Indian  soliool  thitiier, 
"77 :  disclaims  all  intention  of  rellectini 
'in  the  moral  charnetcr  of  the  peoido  of 
Albany,  379;  invited  to  remove  his  Indian 
school  to  Stononrabia,  to  New  iliinijishiro, 
and  to  Ohio,  380  ;  msraorial  of,  to  thti 


!  i 


1144 


INDKZ. 


.-11  '■ 


<t ' 


ooiBBiirtkmen  at  Fort  Stanwix  that  the 
Indiani  maybe  indnoed  to  receive  mis- 
sionarieg  and  schoolmaaters,  388;  unnio- 
cessfulin  introducing  the  arts  amon^  the 
Indiana,  428 ;  his  succeaa  in  oliristiaouiiig 
the  Indians,  506. 

Whitaker,  Kev.  Nathaniel,  319;  reoeiTed 
ftiTorablv  in  EoglanS  as  Dr.  Wheeloclc's 
a^nt,  367. 

White,  Rev.  Andrew,  enquiry  for  the  In- 
dian grammar  and  dictionary  of,  1088. 

,  Rer.  Stephen,  J*19;  publishes  a 
^n;.hlet  entitled,  "The  Cose  of  the 
Episcopal  Churches  considered, "  515. 

White  Creek,  names  of  the  (ettlers  at,  880; 
submission  of,  to  New  York,  1010. 

Wiekquaeskeck,  description  of,  29:  men- 
tionoi,102.  '9ok  Wttqutachruk.) 

Wiffht,  Rtv.  Jiibez,  319. 

Wlldwyok,  massacre  of  the  Dutch  at,  S9; 

list  of  the  killed  at,   42;  names  or  the 

j^   magistrates  of,  ib. ;   list  of  those  taken 

"*  ^prisoners  at,  43;  houses  burnt  at,  44; 
list  of  the  wounded  at,  ib. ;  fort  at,  order- 
ed to  be  repaired,  86.  (see  Esopui.) 

Wilhird,  Joseph,  a  pass  to,  permitting  him 
to  proceed  to  Lake  Superior  to  obserre 
the  transit  of  Venus,  407. 

Williams,  Lt.,  Instructed  to  superintend  the 
erection  of  a  fort  at  the  Oneida  carrying 
plaoe,  524. 


Windmill,  a,  at  Crown  Point,  359. 

Windsor,  delegates  from  the  west  side  o: 
Qreen  Mountains  visit,  for  the  purpos 
obtaining  signatures  in  favor  of  ere< 
the  New  Hampshire  grants  into  a 
state,  M23 ;  the  convention  of,  change 
name  of  New  Connecticut  into  tm> 
Vermont,  942. 

Winv  manufactured  in  New  Netherl 
11«,  117. 

Witchcraft,  a  trial  at  New  York  for, 
Indians  believe  in,  and  are  much  a: 
of,  434. 

Witqueschreek,  where,  8;  the  Indian 
take  refuge  among  the  Dutch,  10: 
tacked  by  the  Dutch,  15.  (see.  Wit 
eakeek.) 

Wood  Creek,  extent  of  the  oanying  ] 
between  the  Hudson  river  and,  173. 

Woolley,  Joseph,  biographical  notice 
342 ;  mentioned,  353, 

Wooster,  David,  deposition  of,  setting 
the  illegal  intrusion  of  sundry  persoi 
his  lands  on  the  east  side  of  Lake  CI 
plain,  and  their  determination  to  resi 
attempts  to  dispossess  them,  824;  fu: 
notice  of,  827. 

Wortel,  red,  very  abundant  in  New  Nel 
land,  30. 

Wyoming,  Rev.  D.  Zisberger  visits,  31< 


I 


Y. 


Yates,  Judge,  informs  Gov.  Clinton  of  the 
arrest  of  sundry  adherents  to  Vermont^ 
1006. 

Yonkers,  Rev.  Harry  Munro  appointed  to 
the  Episcopal  church  at,  411. 

Young,  Thos.,  encourages  the  people  of  the 


New  Hampshire  grants  to  form  a 
constitution,  034;  recommends  the  » 
tution  of  Pennsylvania  as  a  model, 
address  of,  to  the  people  of  Vermont 
sored  by  congress,  ^m. 


z. 


^\>* 


Zcawant.  (see  Wampum.) 
Zcngor,  John  Peter,  some  particulars  relat- 
ing to,  1042. 
Zinkeeuw,  102. 


%:;isberger.  Rev.  David,  carries  a  lettei 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Teedyusoui 
Wyomink,  SIO. 


ADDENDUM. 
Memorial,  a,  oonoeming  the  Five  Nations, 


^'    i': 


Bin,  a,  at  Crown  Point,  259. 
or,  delegates  from  the  vest  side  of  the 
m  Monntains  viait,  for  the  purpose  of 
ining  signatures  hi  favor  of  erecting 
New  Hampshire  grants  into  a  new 
B,  V23 ;  the  convention  of,  change  the. 
le  of  New  Connecticut  into  that  of 
nont,  942. 

manufactured  in  New  Netherland, 
,117. 

craft,  a  trial  at  New  Yorlt  for,  133; 
ians  believe  in,  and  are  mu(^  afraid 
434. 

leschreelt,  where,  8;  the  Indians  of, 
e  refuge  among  the  Dutch,  10;  at- 
ced  by  the  Dutch,  15.  (see,  Witqua- 
Kk.) 

Creek,  extent  of  the  carrying  place 
preen  the  Hudson  river  and,  173. 
«y,  Joseph,  biographical  notice  of, 
;  mentioned,  353^ 

ter,  David,  deposition  of,  setting  forth 
illegal  intrusion  of  sundry  persons  on 
lands  on  the  east  side  of  Lake  Cham- 
In,  and  their  determination  to  resist  all 
smpts  to  dispossess  them,  824;  further 
ice  of,  827. 

el,  red,  very  abundant  in  New  Nether- 
d,  30. 
ning,  Bev.  D.  Zisberger  virits,  310. 


w  Hampshire  grants  to  form  a  state 
istitution,  934;  recommends  the  oonsti- 
tion  of  Pennsylvania  as  a  model,  935; 
Jress  of,  to  the  people  of  Vermont  cen- 
red  by  congress,  ^46. 


Brger,'  Revi  David,  oarries  a  letter  from 
r  Wm.  Johnaoa  to  Teedyusoung  at 
yomink,  310.         ,        *      ' 


U. 


lost 


